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THE LIBRARY 
VICTORIA UNIVERSITY 
T, ,ronto 



BURTON'S 

ANATOMY OF MELANCHOLZ 



rtt{;NTISI»[E('E TO THE {)RIGINAi. EI}IT! 

lla-[Ol a to 



THE 
OF 3IELANCIOLY, 
WHAT IT IS, 
ITS KDS, CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, PR06NOSTICS, A,ND 
SEYERAL CURES OF IT. 

IN THREE PARTITIONS. 

WTH TI SEVERAL 
ECTIONS, IEMBEllS, AND SUBSECTIONS, PH[LOSOPHICALLY, MEDICALL, 
hND EISTORICALLt 0PENED hND CUT UP. 

BY DEMOCRITUS JUNIOR. 

A SATI17JCAL PREFACE, C01DUCING TO THE FOLLOWING DISCOUI1SE. 

00RRECTED, AND ENRICHED BY TRAN8LATIONS OF THE NUMEROU8 CLASSICAL ErI'RACTS 
B] DEIOCRITUS hIINOR. 

LONDON WILLIAII TEGG. 



EEF.& RF.. 



]Elocturu ,IOEOI 



ADVERTISEOENT. 

Trie work now restorcd to public notice bas had an extraor- 
dinary rate. At the time of its original publication it obtained a 
great celebrity, which continued more than hall a century. Durlng 
that perlod few books were more read or more deservedly 
plauded. If was the delight of the learned» the solaee of the 
indolent» and the refuge of the unlnformed. /t passed through af 
least elght edltlons» by wlfich the bookseller, as WOOD records, got 
an estate; and» notwlthstanding the objectîon sometlmes opposed 
agalnst it, of a quaint style and too greatan accumulation 
authorltles, the fascination of its vit» faney» and sterllng sens% 
bave borne down all censures» and extorted pralse from the firs 
v¢riters in the English language. The grave JoInsor bas pmlsed 
if in the warmest terres» and the ludierous STEar. bas interwoven 
many parts o£ it into hls own popular performance. MILTOr did 
hot disdaln to build two of his finest poems on if; and a host of 
inferlor wrlters bave embellished their works wlth beauties hot 
their om» eulled from a performance whlch they had not tho 
justlee even to mention. Change of tlmes» and the fiàvolity 
tashlon» suspended» in ome degree» that faine wlfich had lasted 
mear a eentury; and the succeeding generatlon affected indiffer- 
.enee towards an author, who af lenh was only looked into by 
the plunderers of literature» the poachers in obscure volumes. The 
plaarîsms of Tristram ,Shandy» so suecessfully brought to light by 
Da. :FEraa» af lenh drew the attention of the public towar,]s 
a wrlter» who though then littl¢ _know_n might without impeach- 



VHI ADVERTISEMENT. 

nent ol  modesty» lay elaim to every mark ol  respect; and inqulry 
proved, beyond a doubt» that the ealls of" justice had been little 
attended to by others, as well as the faeetious YOI,.[CK. VooD 
vbserved, more than a eentury ago, that several authors had un- 
raercif"ully stolen marrer from ]3tJrtTO ,4thout any acknowledg- 
ment. The tlme, however, at length arrlved, when the merits of 
the Aatomy ofg'l[elancholy were to reeeive thelr due praise. Ttte 
Look ,vas again sought for and rend, and agaln it beeame an 
«pplauded performance. Its exeelleneies once more stood eonfessed, 
in the increased prlce which every copy offered for sale produeed; 
and the inereased demand pointed out the neeessity of" a new 
cditlon. This is now prescnted to the public in a manner hot dis- 
graeeful to the memory ol  the author; and the publisher relies 
with confidence» that so valuable a repository of` amusement an'3 in- 
f,»rmation, will continue to hold the rank to which it has been restorcd, 
flrmly supported by its own merit, and sale from the influence and 
l,light of" any future caprices of fashion. To open its valuable 
:ysterles to those who bave hOt had the advantage of a classical 
tducation, translations of the conntless quotations from ancient writers 
v, hich occur in the work, are nowf« the first thne glvon and obsolete 
v;thogral,hy iz in  instaacc-q moernied. 



M E M O I R 

OF THE 

AUTO. 

ROBERT "DuIITOX WaS the son of Rlph Iurton, of an ancient and genteel 
family at Lindley, in Leicestêrshire, and was born there on the 8th of February, 
1576.* He received the first rudiments of learning at the free school of 
Sutton Coldfield, in "Warwickshire,+ ri'oto whence he was, at the age of 
seventeen, in the long vacation, 1593, sent to ]razen :Nose College, in the 
condition of a commoner, where he ruade a considerable progress in logic and 
I,hilosophy. In 1599 he was elected student of Christ Church, and, for form 
sake, was put undcr the tuition of Dr. John Bancroft, afterwards ]ishop of 
Oxford. In 1614 he was admitted to the reading of the entences, and on the 
gth of :November, 1616, had the vicarage of St. Thomas, in the west suburb 
of Oxford, conferred on him by the dean and canons of Christ Church, which, 
,vith the rectory of 8egrave, in Leicestershire, given to him in the year 1636, 
l,y George, Lord ]erkeley, he kept, fo use the words of the Oxford antiquary, 
,vith much ado to his dying day. tIe seems to have been first beneficed ai 
Valsby, in Lincolnshire, through the munificence of his noble patroness, 
Frances, Countess Dowager of Exeter, but resigned the saine, as he relis us, for 
some special reasons. At his viearage he is remarked to have always given 
the sacrament in wafers. "Wood's character of him is, that "he was an exact 
mathematician,  eurious calculator of nativities, a general read scholar,  
thorough-paced philologist, and one that understood the surveying of lands 
well. As he was by many accounted t severe student, a devotu-er of authors, 
a melancholy and humorous person; so by others, who knew him well, a persoa 
of great honesty, plain dealing and charity. I have heard some ofthe ancients 
of Christ Church often say, that his company was very merry, facete, and 

at Sutton Coldel admitted commoner, or gentleman commonex of Brazen Nose Coeg I91 ; st the Inner 
Templ th May 1593; B.A. 22nd Jun I9; and aRwar a hamster an6 reporter In the Co  
Common Ple. « B hIs nat geni," sys Wo "leang h fo te s of her genlo- 
 and antiq he bece exceller In those obscu and inicate matt; look upon   a 
gentleman, w counte by a that knew hlm, to be the bt of hls tlme for those sdi,  may appear 
by h ' Dptlon of Leitehloe.'" His weak contuon hot peittlng him to follow busln, he retircd 
Into the coun, and h tt wor «The Description of Leicte" w pubhed  follo, 1622. 
He died at Fd aRer suffeng much  the civil wa G 6th ApriÇ 16» and w bmed  the parish church 
bclonng theto, led Hanbu. 
•  This ls Wood's count. His wlll says, Nuneaton; but a page In this work [vol. L . 95s] mentio 
utoa Coldfleld: robably he may havc bccu ai both schoo 



• ACCOI.rIçT OF TIIE AUTHOII. 

juvenile; and no man in his rime did surpass him fi)r his ready and dext.rous 
interlarding his common discourses among them with verses frein the poets, or 
sentences frein classic authors; which being then ail the .fashion in the Univer- 
sity, ruade his company the more acceptable." He appears te have been a 
universal reader of ail kinds of books, and availed himself of his mu]tifarious 
studies ha a very extraordioary manner. From the information of Hearne, we 
leara that John Rouse, the Bodleian librarian, furnished him with choice books 
for the proseeution of his work. The subject of his labour and amusement, 
seems te bave been adopted frein the infirmities of his own habit and constitu- 
tion. ]Ir. Oranger says, "He composed this book with a view of relieving 
his own melancholy, but increased it te such a de_-ree, that nohing could mako 
him laugh, but goiug te the bridge-foot and heaï'iug the ribaldry ofthe barge- 
men, which mrely failed te throw him into a vident fit of laughter. ]3clore 
he was overeome with this holTid disorder, he, in the intervah of his vapeurs, 
was esteemed one of the most facetious companions in the Unversa y. 
His residence was chiefly at Oxford ; where, in his chamber in Christ 
Church Coll%-,e, he departed this lire, at or very near the time whieh he had 
seine years before foretold, frein the calculation of his ovn nativity, and which, 
say- 3Vood, "being exact, several of the students did net forbear te whisper 
amoug themselve.s, that rather than there should be a mistake in the calcula- 
tion, he sent up his seul te heaven through a slip about his neck." Whether 
this suggestion is founded in truth, we have no other evidence than an obscure 
hint in the epitaph hereafter insert, ed, which was written by the author himself, 
a short rime before his death. His body, with due solemnity, was bufied near 
that of Dr. l%bel 3Veston, in the north aisle which jois .next te the choir of 
the Cathedral of Christ Church, on the 27th of January, 1639-40. Over his 
gra.ve was soon after erected a comely monument, on the Ul»l»er pillar of tho 
'tid aisle, wit, h his buse, painted te the lire. On the right hand is the f, llowing 
calculation of his nativity: 



ACCOUNT OF THE AUTHOR.  

and under the buse, his inscription of his own composition 

Paucis notus, paucioribus ignotus» 
Hic jacet Democritu junior 
Cul vitam dedit et mortem 
]Iclancholia. 
Ob. 8 Id. Jan. A.C. racxxxL,¢. 

Arms :--Azure on a bend O. between three dogs' heads O. a crescent G. 

A few months belote his death, he ruade his will, of which the following is 

EXTRACED IROM THE ]EGISTRY Ol  TIIE I:)IIEROGATIVE COURT OF CANTERBURY. 

In zYornin D«i Amen. August 15  One thousand six huudrcd thirty nine because 
there be so many casualties to which our life is subject besides quarrelling and contention 
vhich happen to our Successors after our Dcath by rcason of unsettled Estates I Robert 
]3urton Studcnt of Christchurch Oxon. though my means be but small bave thought gond 
hy this my last Will and Testament to dispose ot" that littlc which I bave and being t 
this present I thank God in perfect health of ]3odie and Mind and if this Testament ho 
ot so formal according to the nice and strict terres of Law and other Circumstauccs 
peradventure required of which I ara ignorant I desire howsoever this my Will may be 
accepted and stand good according to my trne Intent and meaning First I bequeath 
Animam Dco Corpus Terroe whensoever it shall please God to call me I give my Land in 
]-Iigham 'hich my good Father lalphe ]3urton of Lindly in the County of Leicestcr 
Esquire cave me by Deed of Gift and that which I bave annexcd to that Farm by purchaso 
since, now leased for thirty eight pounds per Ann. to mine E]der Brother William Iurton 
of Lmdly Esquire during his lifo and after him to his Heirs I make my said Brothcr 
William likewise mine Executor as well as paying such Annuities and Legacies out of my 
Iands and Goods as are hereafter specified I give to my ephew Cassibi]an Iurton 
twenty pounds Annuity per Ann. out of my Land in Higham during his lire to be paid 
at two equall payments at out Lady Day in Lent and lIichaelmas or if he be hot paid 
vithin fourteen Days after the said Feasts to distrain on any part of the Ground on or 
any of my Lands of Inheritance Item I give to my sister Kathcrine Jackson .during ber 
life eight pounds per Ann. Annuity to be paid at the two Feasts equally as above said or 
¢lse to distrain on the Ground if she be hot paid after fourteen days at Lindly as the other 
orne is out of the said Land Item I give to my Servant John Upton the Annulty of Forty 
Shil]ings out of my said Farine during his life (if till then my Servant) to be paid on 
lIichaelmas day in Lindley each ycar or else after fourteen days to distrain Now for my 
goods I thus dispose them First I give an C t pounds to Christ Church in Oxford where I 
bave so lon G lived to buy rive pounds Lands per Ann. to be Yearly bcstowed on Iooks 
for the Library Item I give an hundredth pound to the University Library of Oxford to 
be bestowed to purchase rive pound Land per Ann. to be paid out Year]y on Boo-ks as 
Irs. Brooks former]y gave an hundred pounds to buy Land to the saine purpose and the 
]ent to the saine nse I give to my Brother George Iurton twenty pounds and my watch 
I give to my ]3rother lalph Burton rive pounds ltcm I give to the l'arish of Seagrave in 
Ieicestershire whcre I ara now Iector ten pounds to be given to certain Feoffecs to the 
erpetual good of the said Pari.,'h Oxon* Item I give to my lïcce Eugcnia Iurton One 
undredth pounds Item I give to my Nephew lichard Burton now l'risoner in London an 
lmndredth ponnd to redeem him Item I give to the Poor of Higham Forty Shillings where 
ny Land is to the Poor of l'uneaton where I was once a Grammar Scholar three pound 
to my Cousin Purfcy of Wad]ake [Wadlev] my Cousin Pm'fey of Calcott my Cousin 
Hales of Coventry my lcphew ]3radshaw f Orton twenty shillings a picce for a small 
rcmcmbrance to Mr. Whitchall Icctor of Cherkby myne own Chamber Fellow twenty 
zhillings I desire my Irothcr George and my Cosen l'urfey ofCalcott to be the Oversecrs 
of this part of my 'ill I give moreover rive pounds to make a small Monument for my 
Iother where she is buried in London to my Brother Jackson forty shillings to my 
Servant John Upton forty shillings bcsidcs his former Annuity if he be my Servant till I 
die if he be till then my Servantl--RO]3ERT ]3URTOl--Charles Russell Witnes 
.--John Pepper Witncss. 

* $o in the Rebuter. " So in the Rcgiter. 



X] AOEOUNT OF THE AUTIIOR. 

An Appendlx to this my Will if I dic in Oxford or whilst I ara of Christ Church and 
with good Mr. layncs August the Fifteenth 1639. 
I Give to Mr. Doctor Fel] Dcan of ChrSst Church Fol'ty Shillings to the Eight Canons 
twenty Shillings a piece as a small remembrance to the poor of St. Thoma parish Twenty 
Shillings to Brasenose Library rive pounds to Mr. Rowse of Oriell Collcdge twcnty 
Shillings to Mr. Lleywood zzs. to Dr. Mctcalfe «xs. to Mr. Sherley «;s. If I bave any 
Iooks the University Library bath not let them take thcm If I bave any Books our own 
Library bath not let them take them I give to Mrs. Feil ail my English Books of 
] lusbandry one cxceptcd to ber Daughter ]Irs. Katherinc Fell my 
Six Pieces of Silver Plate and six Silvcr Spoons to Mrs Iles my Gerards Herball to Mrs. 
Morris my Country Farine Translated out of Frcnch 4. and ail my English Physick Books 
o ]Ir. Whistler the Rccordcr of Oxford I give twenty shillings to ail my fcllow 
Students M TM of Arts a Book in fol or two a piece a Mastcr Morris Treasurer or Mr 
Dean shall appoint whom I request to be the Overseer of this Appendix and give him for 
his pains Atlas Geografcr and Ortelius Theatrum Mond' I give to John Fell the Dean's 
8on Student my $iathematical Instruments except my two Crosse Stavcs which I give to 
my Lord of Donnol if he be then of the Hottse To Thomas Iles Doctor I[es his Son 
Studeut Salunteh ou Paurrhelia and Lucian's Works h 4 Tomee If any books be left let 
my Execuors dispose of them with ail such Books va are written with my own hands 
and half my Melancholy Copy for Crips hath the other half To Mr. Jones Chaplin and 
Chanter my Surve.ving Books and Instruments To the Servants of the Iloase Forty 
hi]lings ROB. BURTON--Charles Rnssell Witness--John Pepper Wimess'l_'his Will 
was shewed to me by the Tcstator and acknowlcdgcd by him some few days before 
dcath o bc hm lait ,Vill Ira Testor John Morris S Th D. l)l-cbcnda ' Eccl Chri' Oxoa 
l%b. 3, 1639. 
Probatum fuit Tcstamentum suprascriptum, &c. 11 ° 1640 Juramento Willmi Burton 
Fris' et Executoris cul &c. de bcne et fidehter administrand. &c. coram Magris 
Nathanaele Stephens Rectoro Eccl. de Drayton, et Edwardo Fariner, Clcricis, 
vigore commissionis, &c. 

The on]y work our author executed was that now reprlnted, wkich 
],robrbly was the principal employmet of his lire. I)r. Ferriar says, it was 
oriMnally published in the year 1617; but tkis is evidently a mistoEke;  tho 
th-st edition wa.s that printed in 4to, 1621, , copy of wkich is at present in 
the collection of John lSlichols, Esq., the indefatigablo illustrator of tho 
]listory ofLeivestershire; to whom, and to Isac Reed, Esq., of Staple Inn, 
this account is gr.ly ivdchte..d for its acccxacy. The other impressions of it 
were in 1624, 1628, 1632, 1638, 1651-2, 1660, and 1676, which lat, in the 
title-page, is clled the eighth editio- 
The copy from which the present is re-printed, is that of 1651-2; at the 
conclusion of which is the following addres: 
" To TtIE READER. 
"Be pleased to know (Courteous Ileader) that since the last Impression of this Book. 
the ingenuous Author of it is deceased, leaving a Copy of it exactly corrected, with several 
considerable Additions by his own hand; this Copy he eommitted to my care and custody, 
with directions to have those Additions inserted in the next Edition ; which in order to his 
command, and the lablicke Good, is faithfully pcoEormed in this last Impression.,. 
1t. C. (i. e. 11EV. CRIPP,.) 

* Orig4natln, perhap, lu a note, p. &lA, 6th edit. (p. 504 of the prenent), in whlch a book is quoted 
a having bceu « printed at Paris 1624 serin ycars aer Burton's first edition.  As, however, the editions 
armer that of 1621, are regularly marked in succeasion to the eigbth, priuted in 1676, there seems very little 
roaou to doubt that, In the notc above a]luded fo, either 1624 bas been a misprint for 1628, or sevm years for 
tares yeax. Thc numeroU t)o'aphical errata in other pm-t of tl¢ work strongly ltl tl latter uppoo 
ttom 



zccou, or rHS ,UHOR. xii! 

The followlng tcstimonies of carions authors will serve te show the estima- 
tion in which this work bas been held :q 

"The A«TOY Or IfE.^NCttOV, whereln the author hath piled up variety of nmch 
excellent lcarning. Scarce any bock of philology in out Iand bath, in se short a tire% 
passed se many editious.'---Fulr's |Vert]tins, fol 16. 

" 'Tis a bock o full of variety of reading, that gentlemcn who bave lest their time, 
are put te a push for invention, may furnish themseIves with matter for common or schoh- 
tical discourse and writing."---1VoooEs .Atllz Oxoninsis, vol. i. p. 28. 2d edit. 

"Iî you never saw IunTo.' vt, oN ME^cnoY, printed 1676, I pray look into i and 
read the ninth page of his Pfac% 'DemocEt te the ader.' There  something 
theoe which uches the point we are npon ; but I mention the author te you,  e 
plentes the most leae and the most I1 of sterng sense. The wi of Queen 
Aune's rein, and the beginuing of Geore the Fi h were net a ttle beholden te " 
ArcI&lop Herrig's Letter$, 12me, 1777. p. 149. 

"ltmor's A.«TOM¢ or lIrLcno, he (Dr. Johnson) said, was the only bock that 
ever teck him out of bed two hours sooner than ho wished te rise."tloswds Lift of 
Jolnson, vol i. p. 580, 8vo. edit. 

" ]URTON'S ANATOM Oit IELANCHOLY q a'valuable bock," said Dr. Johnson. "It is" 
perhaps, ovcrloaded with quotation. But there is great spirit and great power in what 
Burton says whca he writês frein  owa minoE"/b/d, voL il. p. 25. 

"It will bc no detraction frein the powers of ][ilton's original ffenius and invention, te 
remark, that he seems te bave borrowed the subject of L'.Allegro and Il Penseroso together 
x-ith some particular thoughts, expressions, and rhymes, more especially the idea of a con- 
trast between these two dispositions, frein a forgotten poem prefixed te the first edition of 
BvttTo's A^To or I[-LmCHOL, entitled, ' The Author's Abstract of Ielancholy; cri 
A Dialogue between Pleasure and Pain.' Here pain is melaucholy. It was written, as  
conjecture, about the year 1600. I will make no apology for abstracting and citing as 
ranch of this poem as will ho sngicient te prove, te a discerning reader, how far it had 
taken possession of 5lilton's minoE Thc measure wiLL appear te be the same; and that 
out author was at least an attentive reader of Burton's bock, may be already concluded 
from thc traces of resemblance which I bave incidentally noticed in passing through the 
L'Allegro and //Penseroso."After extracting the lines, lIr. Warton adds, "as te file 
very elaboratc work te whieh these visionary verses are no unsuhable introduction, the 
writer's variety of learning, lais quotations frein scaree and curions boo, Iris pedantry. 
sparkling wizh rude wit and shapeless elegancc, misceLLaneous marrer, intermixture of 
agreeable raies and iLLustrations, and, perhaps, above ail, the singularities of his feelings, 
clothed in an uncommon quaintness of style, bave contributed te tender it, evcn te modera 
rcaders, a valuable repository of amusement and information."Warton's ldilton. 2oE edil 
p. 94. 

"Tn ArTOM or IfL^CHO is a bock which bas been universally read and admlreoE 
This work is, for the most part, what the author himself styles it, ' a tente;' but itis a 
very ingenious one. His quotations, which abound in every page, are pertinent; but if he 
had ruade more use of his invention and less of his commonplace-book, his work would 
perhaps have been more valuable than itis. He is generally free frein the affected 
language and ridiculous metaphors which disn-ace most of the books of his thnc.  
Granger's .Biographical ttistor 9. 

ci BURTON'S ANATOMY OF MELANCHOLY, a ])ook once the favourito of the Icarned and 
the witty, and a source of snrreptitious learning, though written on a regular plan, cousists 
chiefly of quotations: the author bas honestly termC ita tente. He coLLects, under every 
division, the opinions of a multitude ofwriters, without regard te chronological ordcr, and 
has toc cften the modesty te decline the interposition of his own sentiments. Indecd the 
bulk ofhis material generaLLy overwhehns him. In the course of his folio he has coutrived 
te treat a great variety of topics, that seem very loosely connected with the general snb- 
ject; and, like Bayle, when he starts a favourite train of quotations, he does net scruple 
te let the digression ontrun the principal question. Thus, frein the doctrines of religion 
te milhary discipline, frein inlaud navigation te the morality of danc'mg-schools» every 
tldng is discssed and determined.'--F«/ar'# lutrai, o.foern, p. 58. 



ACCOUNT OF THE AUTHOR. 

« The archnes which P,o, dlsplŒEys oeeasionallv, and hls inrlulencc ofplavhd di-e- 
Bions from the most scous discussions, often give hi's style an air of familiar c(nversation, 
rJotwithstanding the laborious collections which supply his text. He was capable of writ- 
ing excellent poetry, but he scems to bave cultivated thls talent too little. The English 
vers¢s prefixed to his book, which possess beautiful imagery, and great sweemess of vcrsi- 
cation, bave bcen frequcntly published. IIis Latin elegia¢ verts addresscd to his book, 
hew a very agreeable tura for raillery."--/-6id, p.  

' hcn the force of the subject opens hls own veln of pro.e, we discover valnable sense 
and brilliant expression. Such is his account of the first feelings of mclancholy persons, 
ritten, probably, from his own experieuce." [See p. 161, of the present edifiomJ--/bid. 
p. 60. 

a Dur]ng a pedantic age, like that in whlch Byavo.'s production appeared, it must 
havç been eminently sericeable to writers of many descriptions. Hence the unlemmed 
might furnish themselves with appropriate scraps of Greek and Latin, whilst men of letters 
would final their inquiries £hortemed, by knowing where they mght look for what both 
ancients and moderns hve advanced on the subject of human passions. I confess my 
inability to point out any other English author who has so largely dealt in apt and 
ori-,inal quotation."--3fanusoElt not o.[ t] lat Ceor.qe ,$teeven, F,ŒE., in li ¢ot)y o.f Tr 



DEMOCRITUS JUNIOR AD LIBRUI SUUI%I. 

Vmz liber, qualis, uou auslm dicere, foelix, 
Te nisi foelicem fecerit Alma die% 
Vade men quoeunque lubet, qucunque per oras 
Et Genium Domini f imitere tui. 
I bland inter Charite% mystmque salut 
MmRrm qemv, si tibi lector erit. 
Rur cola, bem, subeve palatia regain 
vbmbs, plid, te sine den ger. 
obilis, Rut si quis  foè insxet heros, 
Da te moEge, perlegat usgue lubet. 
Est qu Nobit, est quod desderet hero9, 
Gratior hoec foan cha plere test. 
i quh morosus Cato, tetricusque Senator, 
Hnc etiam librm foè de veg 
ive masttns, tutu te reverenter hRbo; 
Sed num; mmem non capiunt Aquilœe. 
on vat h temp fuum impedere nngis, 
Nec  cupio; par mihi lector erit. 
Si matrona ds casu divt istuc, 
lustfis domina, aut te Cmitissa legat : 
Est quod displioeat, plRRt quod foin  
Ingerere his noli te modb, pande men. 
At mvgo t dignabitur clya cha 
Tangere, sire sehedis hoereRt flla tuis: 
Da modo te facem, et qnoedam folia esse memeto 
Conveniant o quoe mas ap s. 
ieveroea ancla tuos aut alma puera 
Visu est ludos, annue, pande lubens. 
Die utinam hune ipse meus • {nain dilit is) 
 psens oet conspicidm he. 
lotus notusve mihi de gen tot 
Sire Rt in lud, ppita sire coleg 
Sire in Lycoeo, et nus evolverit ist, 
Si qnasdam mendas defit inspiciens, 
Da vevm Autho dices; n plima veUat 
Exp»n, quœe jam dispc sciat. 
Sire Melancholicm qsquam, eu bland Amao 
Aieus aut Ci, seu n comptm Eu 
Huc appellat, age et tutb te erede legentz, 
Mu tic foan nov lè nata leget. 
Qod fuag veat, quodque amplexabi,  
Pana fonds ro m pott. 
At si qu Medicus comm te sistet, amiee 
F cirptè, et te sine labe ger: 
veniet namque ipse me queue plufima scfiptls 
on leve idium quoe sibi foan ent. 
fliuis Causidic cht impingat  issu, 
il mihi vobm, pessima tba le  
Sit ni r nm, etj sine fude pefittt% 
T lega et for doctior de siet. 

• Hc ¢omle 61eta av5 ne malè cçt. 



seV DE|OCITUS ffUIOIt AD LIBRUM UTL 

;i quis eordatus, faci]ii, ]eetorque bentgnus 
Hue oculos verrat, quoe relit ipse legat ; 
Candidus i-noscet, [netuas nil, pande libcnter» 
Offensus [nendis non erit file tuis, 
Laudabit nonnu]L. Venit si Rhetor ineptus, 
Limata et tersa, et qui benè cocta petit, 
Claude eitus librum; nu]la hic nisl ferrea verba, 
t)ffendent sto[nachu[n quoe minùs apta suum. 
At si quis non eai[nius de plebe poeta. 
Annue ; na[nque istic plurî[na ficta leget. 
]os sumus è numero, nu]lus mihi spirat ApoL]os 
Grandilo¢juus Vates qui]ibet esse nequit. 
Bi Criticus Lictor, tumidus Censorque [nolestlts» 
Zoilus et Mo[nus m si rabiosa cohors: 
]inge, frerde, et noli tu[n pandere, turba [nalignis 
Si occurrat sannis invidiosa suis: 
l'ac fugia; si nu]la tibi sit copia eundi, 
Conte[nnes, tacitè sco[nmata quoeque feres. 
Frendeat, allatret, vacuas ganoitibus aur.s 
I[npleat, haud eures his placuisse nefas. 
Verum age si forsan divertat purior .hos.pes, 
Cuique sales, ludi, displiceantque.ocl, 
Objiciatque tibi sordes, lacivdue: dices, 
Lasciva est Do[nino et Musajocosa tuo, 
ee |iva ta[nen, si pensitet o[nne; sed esto 
Sit laclva licet paua, vita proba est. 
Barbarus, indoct6sque rudis spectator in istam 
Si [nessem intrudat, fuste fugabis eu[n, 
Fungum peUe procu] (jubeo) nain qu]d [nihi fuu,o 
Couveniunt stomacho non [ninus ista suo. 
Sed nec pelle ta[nen ; loeto omnes accipe vu]tu, 
Quos, quas, wl quales, iude vel uode viros. 
Gratus erit qu]eunque venit, g'ratissi[nus hoeps 
Quisquis erit, facilis diflicilisque mihi. 
]a[n si eu]pàrit, qu,da[n eu]psse juvabit, 
Cu]pando faciet [ne [neliora sequi. 
8ed si laudtrit, neque laudmbus efferar ull;.a, 
Sit satis hiice [nalis oppusuisse bohU[no 
I]oec suut quoe nostro p]acuit [nandare libell% 
Et quæ dimittens dieere ussit Herus. 



DEMOCRITUS JUNIOR TO IIIS B00K. 

PKE&PIIRSTI( rETI0kL T-KNSLTIONo 

Go forth my book into the open day; 
Happy, if ruade se by ita garish eye. 
O'er earth's wide surface take thy vagrant way. 
Te imitate thy master's genius try. 
The graoes three, the lIuses nine salure, 
Should those who love them try te con thy lçre. 
The country, eity seek, grand thro.e te boot, 
With gentle courtesy bumbly bov belote. 
Should nobles gallant, soldiera frank and brave 
Seek thy acquantance, bail their first advanoe 
From twitch of care thy pleasant rein may save, 
llay laughter cause or wisdom give perchauc 
Seine surly Cato, Senator austere, 
Haply may wish te peep into thy l)ook: 
Seem very nothing--tremble and revere : 
No forceful eagles, buttertties e'er look. 
ney love net thee: of them then little seek 
And wish for readers triflers like thyseff. 
Of ludeful matron watchful catch the beck, 
Or gorgeous countess full of pride and pe]f. 
They may say "pishi" and frown, and yet read ong 
Cry odd, and si]ly, coarse, and yet amasing. 
Should dainty damsel seek thy page te con, 
Spread thy best stores: te them be ne'er refuingffi 
Say, fair one, toaster loves thee dear as life; 
Would he were here te gaze on thy sweet look. 
Should known or unknown studeot, free'd frein strife 
Of lot,de and the schools, explore my book: 
Cry mercy critic, and thy book withhold: 
Be seine few errera pardon'd though observ'd: 
An humble author te implore makes bolŒEE 
Thy kind indulgence, even undeser'd, 
Should melaucholy wight or pensive loyer, 
Courtier, snug cit, or carpet knight se trim 
Out bloesoms cull, he'll find himself in clover, 
Gain sense frein precept, laughter frein out wlflm. 
Should lcarned leech with solemn air unfold 
Thy leaves» beware, be civil, aod be wise: 
Thy volume many precepts sa.e may hold, 
His well fraught head may tind no trilïing prize, 
Should crafty lawyer trespass on our grotmd, 
Caitiffs avaunt| disturbing tribe away| 
Unless (whlte crow) an honeat one be found; 
He'll better, wier go for u bat we say. 
Should seine rlpe scholax, gentIe and bénign, 
With candeur, care, and jud_gment thee perue: 
Thy faults te kind obIivion he'll consigu; 
lqor te thy merit will his i)raie refua 



Thou my'st be searched for polish'd words and verse! 
By flipit spouter, emltest of lrters: 
°£ell him to seul the in some mawkish verset 
My periods 811 re rough as nutmeg graters. 
The doggrel poet, wishiug thee to rend, 
Reject uot; let him gleau thy jets and stcriee. 
[lis brother I, of lowly emblin/ breed: 
Apollo grauts to few larnassian lories. 
Meuac'd by critlc with sour furrowed browÆ 
]iomus or Troilus or Scotch reviewer: 
lnfHe your heckio, grin and growl and vow: 
]ii-uatured foes you thus will find the fewer. 
Wheu foul-mouth'd seuseless rai]ers ery thee down 
Reply hot; fly, aud show the roguea thy stern: 
They are not worthy even of a frowu : 
Good taste or breeding they can never ]earn; 
Or let them clamour, turu a callous ear, 
As though in dread ofsome harsh donkefs brayo 
If chid by censor, frieudly though severe, 
To such explain and turu thee hot away. 
Thv rein, says ho perchance, is ail too free; 
Thy smntty lan'uage suits hot learned peu." 
]eply, Good Sir, throughout, the eontext see; 
Thought chastens thought; so prithee judge agah 
Besidea, lthough my master's peu may wander 
Through devious paths, by which it ought hot strtt,; 
is life is pure, beyoud the Ireath of slauder'- " 
So pardou gTant; 'tis merely bnt tas way. 
ome rugged tuffeau makes a hideous rout--- 
Brandish thy eudgel, threateu him to baste; " 
"I?he filthy ftmgus far from thee cast out; 
Such uoxious banquets noyer suit m.y tast« 
Yet, calm and cautious moderate thy re, 
Be ever eourteous should the case alow 
Sweet malt is over ruade by gentIe tire: 
Warm to thy friends, give ail a civil bow. 
Even censure sometimes teaches to improve, 
Slight frosts have ofteu cured too rank a cro 
So, candid blame my spleeu shal noyer more, 
For skilful gard'ners wayward branchea lop. 
Go thon, my book, and bear my words in mind; 
Guide fe at ouce, and pleaaat them you'll 



THE ARGUMENT OF TIIE FRONTISPIECE.* 

Ten distinct Squares ]ere eeen apart, 
Are.olned in one by Cutter's art. 

Old Democr]tus under a tree, 
Sits on a stone with book on knee; 
About him bang there many features, 
Of Cats, Dogs and such like creatures, 
Of which he makes anatomy, 
The seat of black choler te see. 
Over his head appears the sky, 
Ad Saturu Lord of melancholy. 

Te the left a landscape of Jealousy, 
Preseuts itself unto thine eye. 
A Kingfisher, a Swan, an Hem, 
Two fi..hting-cocks you may discern, 
Two rgaring BU]ls each other laie, 
Te assau]t coucerning venery. 
Symbols are these; I say no mta- 
Couceive the rest by that's afore. 

The next of solltarlness, 
A Portraiture doth well express, 
By sleeping dog, cat: Buck and Do 
I-lares, Couies in the desart go: 
Bats, Owls the shady bowers over, 
In melaucholy darkness hover. 
Mark well: lît be ot asit shou]d be» 
Blame the bad Cutter, and uot me. 

r th' under column there doth stand 
Imorato with folded hand; 
Down hangs his head, terse and petite» 
Seine ditty sure he doth indite. 
His lute and books about him 1ie» 
As symptoms of his vanity. 
If this de net enough disclose, 
Te laiat him» take thyself by th' nose. 
r/ypoconfrlacus leans on his arm, 
Wind in his side doth him much barre, 
And troubles him fu]l sors, God kuows, 
Much pain he bath and many woes. 
About him pots and glasses lie, 
Newly brought from'e Apothecary. 
This Saturn's aspects signify, 
You ee them portrafd in the sky. 

Beneath them kneeling ou his kuee 
A superstitious man you see: 
He fasts, prays, on his Idol fixt, 
Tormented hope and fear betwixt: 
For hell perhaps he takes more pain, 
Than thou dost heaveu itself te gain. 
A]as poor sou], I pity hee, 
Vhat stars incline thee se te be? 

Vil. 
But see the madman rage downrlght 
With furious looks, a ghastly sight. 
Naked in chains bound doth he lie, 
And roars amain he knows net why! 
Observe him ; fir as in a glass, 
Thine angry portraiture it was. 
]=[is picture keeps still in thy presence; 
Twt him and thee there's no differenc 

Borage and lrlellebor fl two scenes, 
Sovereign plants te purge the veins 
Of melancholy, and cheer the heart, 
Of those black fumes which make it smart; 
Te clear the braiu of misty fogs, 
Which du]l our senses, and Sou] clogs. 
"rhe best mediciue that e'er God ruade 
For this ulady if well sa'd. 

New lest of ail te fil] a place, 
Preseuted is the Author's face; 
And in that habit which he 
HIS image te the world appears. 
His mind no art can well express, 
That by lais writings yo, may guess. 
It was net pride, ner yet vain glory 
(Though others de it commonly,) 
Made him de this: if you must know» 
The Printer wou]d needs hase it 
Then de net frown or scoff et it» 
I)eride net, or detract a whit. 
For surely as thou dost by him, 
He will de the saine again. 
Then look upon't, behold and see 
As thou like'st it se it likes thee. 
And I for it wi stand in view, 
Thine te command, Reder, adieu. 

* These verses refer te the Frontlsple¢e, whlch s dlvtded lute ten eompartments that are hers evcrel]y 
eaplsiued. Tho author'l portrait, mention¢d in ths tenth itauza s copied In lage ix. 



THE AUTHOR'S ABSTRACT OF MELANCHOLY» a,oT. 

W'nen I go muslng aH alone, _ 
Thinldng of divers things fore-know 
When I build castles in tb air, 
oid of orrow and void of fear» 
Plesing m8elf with phantasvas swee, 
Methinks the time rune very fleet. 
AI1 my joys to this are folly, 
Naught so Beet as me]aeholy. 
When • lie waking all alone, - 
Itecounting whatI bave ill donc, 
lly thoughts on me then trannise, 
Fear &nd$orrow me surlrlæe » 
Whether I tarry till or go, 
Methinks the time moves very slow. 
AI1 my griefs to this are jolly, 
Nanght so ead as melancholy. 
When to myself I act and mfle, 
With pleasing, thought the time begl" % 
By a brook mde or wooà o green, 
Unheard, nneought for, or nnseen, 
A thousnd pleasures do me bles, 
And crown my Boul with happine$. 
All myjoye hesides are folly, 
None o weet as mel$ncholy. 
When I lie, it, or walk elone, 
I tigh, • grieve, making great mone, 
In 8 dark grove, or irksome den, 
With discontente and Furies theu, 
A thousand miserie at once 
ine henry heart and Boul entovc 
AI1 my griefe to thi arvjohy, 
None o our as melancholy. 
Methinl I hem', methinl I ee, 
Sweet music, vondro melody, 
Towne, palaces, and cities fine; 
Here now, then there; the world is mlne, 
Rare heautie, gallant laAie shine, 
Whate'er is lovely or divine. 
AIl othvr joys to this are folly» 
None Bo sweet as melancholy. 
Methinks I hear, methink I 
Ghosts, goblins, fiends; my fantay 
Presents 8 thouand ngly hapes, 
Headless bears, black men, and ape» 
Doleful outeries, nd fearful Bighta 
My end and dismal oul affrights. 
A_ll my griefe to this are jo|ly» 
Ione mo daxan'd la melancholy. 

Methinka I court, methtnl I klss. 
Methnk I now embrace my 
0 bled days, 0 sweet content, 
 Parae my te  spent. 
Such ough y t my fancy mov 
So may Iever be in love. 
i my joye  th e foHy, 
Naught eo eweet as melancholy. 
Wben I reconnt love'e nyfrights, 
My sighs and te, my wang nigh, 
ly jo fi; 0 ne hd rate 
I now repent» but 'tis too late. 
No eut  so had as love» 
So bitter to my so n prove. 
 my efs to this ejolly, 
Nanght so h  mncholy. 
F& and compauions get you gone, 
'T my desire fo be alone; 
Ne'er weB but when my thongh and I 
Do done  pvacy. 
No Gem, no tree like fo thé, 
'T my deHght, my o, my b$. 
 myjoys  th e foy. 
Nanght so sweet  mencholy. 
'Th my sole pe   one, 
I ara a best, a monter o» 
I  no Hght nor company» 
I find it now my 
Tbe eue  tu'd, my joye e gone, 
Fe, dhcontent, and soows corne. 
AB my efs  thls e joy, 
Naught so tierce  mncholy. 
 hOt cge Hfe th any 
I raht : u the world bg 
More joy, tu st  hugh and 
 plnt toys time  beZeF 
Do no O do uot trouble me, 
8o sweet content I feel and œe 
 my joys  t e foBy, 
None so ve  mncholy. 
 cnge my $te with any etch, 
hon n om l or dgh feh; 
My pa's pt ce, auooEer h 
I y notin t toent 
N despera I ha my e, 
Leud me a hter or a e; 
 my efs to thb are joBy, 
Naught «o damn'd  meI 



DEIOCRITU S 5UNIOR 
TO THE B.E&DEP 

ENTLE Reader, I presume thou ilt be very |nqfisitive to know wha 
antic or peonate actor this is, lhat so insoleatly tdes upon this 
eommon theatm, fo the world's iew, aogating another m's naine; whenco 
h i, why he doth il, and what he bath fo say; although, a Che ssid, 
Hmum  l,  nd, quis coactw t ? I ara  oe man bo, 
and my choo whether I wfil teH; who 
 rdy reply  that Egtiau lu Plutarch, when  cio fefiow wod 
needs kuow wht he had lu his bket, 
zem abscoam ? It w therefore oevere becae he abord hOt kuow wt 
w  il. Soek hot after that wch is hid ; ff the contents plea thoe, 
""and be for thy u, suppose the Man  the hIoon, or whom thou wilt to bo 
the Author ;" I would hot willingly be kuo. et  some so to ve theo 
satisçætion, which la more than I need, I will show s reason, both of this 
urçed naine, title, and subjt. And first of the naine of Demrit; lt 
any man, by reon of il, should be deoeived, expecting a pquil, s stire, some 
ridiculous treatiœe (as I myself shod have dons), me pmdigious tenet, or 
pamdox of the rth's motion, of infinite worlds, 
atomum oegne, in an infinite wte, so caused by an accidental oeision 
of mot in the sun, all wch Demritus held, Epicurus and their mr 
Lucippus of old intin, and ara laly revived by Copernicus, Brunus, and 
some others. Bides, il bath bn ways an ordinary cm, 
obœees, "for later im and imposto, to broh ny absd and insoleng 
fictions, under the naine of so noble  philopher  Demot, to ge them- 
selves cmdit, and by tt means the morv to be pect,"  artifioem 
uHy d% o qui armo ascrun -raxati[e sw. 'Tis no so with mo. 
« Non hic Centauro$, non rgons, Hayque 
Thou thyself ar tb subjec of my cou 
Gaadi cm's ntri ram beL Joy wd'ria e he s of my repoS. 
[y in,eut  no otherwiæ  u is nam tau erci lobelc, 
[eurius Britannic, use the me of eoey, SDemocrit Christian, &c.; 
althoh there be some other circutan for which I bave ked mylf 
der th vi, and some ciar rpect which I OEnnot so weH expr, 
nntil I bave set down a brief charter of t o Democrit wt ho w 
with an Epitome of his lire. 
Democ6tus,  he is dcribed by Hippoemt and Laertlus, w a ]ittle 
wearlsh old man, very melancholy by natte, ave from company   latr 
days,  d much given to solitariness, a famo posopher 

• Seneca In ludo lu mortem Claudtl Cesarls. b Ltb. de Cnrloslt[o. * Mod hoec ttbl usul slnt, quemvlm 
auetorem flngito. Wecker. « Lib. 10, e. 12. Multa à malè feriatie in Democriti nomine commenta dat 
obilittia, auctorltatisque eJus perfuglo uteutibus, • Mrtias, Ib. 10. epigr. 1. ¢ Juv. snt. l. 
• Auth. Pet. Besseo edlt. Colontoe, 16i6. h Hip. Eplst. Dameget. i Laert. lib. 9. • Hortulo eibi cellum 
$elea ibioae selpsam includea vizir solitarim, t Florut Ulympiade 80; 700 annh post Trolam. 



.ith Socrates, wholly addicted to his studies at the last, and to a private lire', 
'rote many exce_leut works, a great divine, accordiug to the divinity of tiloso 
çimes, an er.crt physician, a po:;ticiau, an excellcut mathcmutician,  Dia- 
eosmus and the test of h works do witn. He w much delightcd with tho 
tudi of husbaudry, ith Columcll and »Ren I find him ctcd by *Constan- 
tims and othe trtig of that subject. He knewthe naturez, difinoesofall 
bemts, plan, hes, birds; and,  some say, codd Ouudetand thc tuu and 
voioes of theoE In a word, he w omnfit»n ct, a geueral 
utudent; and to theintent he might botter contemplate, « [ fid it reid by 
me, that he put out h eyes, and was in s old age voluntarily blind, yet 
more than a Greeoe besides, and "wt of every 8uiect, ihil 
turoe. ds quo n scp." A man oî an exoellent wit, profond ccet ; 
:md fo attain knowledge thebetter in h younger yrs he trvelle to 
.md tAthens, to confer with learned men, «"admired of some, de3pised of 
othe." After a wandering life, he settled at Abdera, a town in Thrace, and 
w sent for thither fo be their law-makeçRecoMer, or tovn-derk as some 
will; or  othem, he w there bred and born. However it was, there he 
lived at lt in agarden in the suburbs, wholly bctaking himself to his studies 
and a privato lit, "'sving that sometimes he would va down to the haven, 
"d laugh heartily a such variety of rico objects wch thero he w." 
Such a one w Democrit. 
But in the mean rime, how doth thls conce me, or upon what reference do 
I usu th habit] Icoufess, decd, that to compa myoelfunto him for aught 
I bave yet id, wem both impudency an d arrogancy. I do hot presume to make 
an parallel, A nttat mhi mill trectL "pa m, nl sure, altum c 
pro,  ero. Yet thus much I will say of mysel and that I hop with- 
out all suspidon ofpride, or self-conoeit, I havc lived asilent, sedentary, li, 
private lit, mihi et musis  the lnivrsity,  long almost as Xenocrates 
A.thens, ad $ectamrè to learn wisdom as he did, penne,l up most par in 
my study. For I bave been brought up a sudent in the most flourishing 
eollege of Etrope, augustsino cogi), and can brag with *Jovius, almost, 
in e luca mlcilii Yacicani, toti orb cdebrimi, per 37 anaos 
opportun dMi;" for thiyyears I bave eontinued (having the use of 
good *libaes  ever he had) a holar, and wotHd be therefom loth, either 
by fiving  a drone, to be an unprofitable or unworthy member of so learned 
d noble a society, or to writo that which should be any way dhonourable to 
ch a royal and ample foundation. Sometng I have done, though by my 
profession a divine, yet urbi rapt itgenii,  he id, out of a running 
t, an unconsnt, unsettled mind, I had a ea dCsire (hot able to atmin 
a superficial skill in any) to bave some smattering in all, to be aliqu i omni- 
bus, nlus in sigul5 which «Plato commends, out OE him "Lipsi( approves 
and furthm, "as fit to be imprinted  ail curious wits, hot to be a sve of 
one seienoe, or dweH together  one subjec,  mos do, but to rove abro, 
ceumpr artium, to bave an our in eve man's boat, to crête of eve 

• Volucm voc et lingu intelligere se dicit Abder,tans Ep. Ilip. q Sabelllcus exempl., iib. 10. Ocis 
privavit, ut melius contemplationi operam dare sublimi vir inçenio, pr«,fundoe cogitfioniN &c. 
a, morMia, matheatic t[r diipli artittmqee omnittm peritiam ilebat. 
power to contrive of which he h not written.  Veni Athen et nemo m. novit. ld¢m contempt 
 tioni habit, • Solebat  porm am et ind% c. IlIp. Êp. Dmeg. w Peeo ri 
onem tare olebat Democrit. Juv. Sat 7. ffi Non sure dignus prtarc mtlla. 
• Chst Chur  Ox[ord. • Proefat. hist. • Keep of or llege librry, latcly vi¢cd by 
.  caiger. • Somebody in evething, nobody in each thing. 
. 8. Doa cupid et cuHu»is ingeni impendum, ut sit talis 
d elaboret, alia nn u¢ «ifi  tDbe grat de quocque cibo» e¢ pite  q 



Dcnocritus .» the Re¢der. 3 

though not with like success) I bave ever had, nd like  rangig spanieI, 
tht barks at every bird he secs, leaving his gaine, I have followe, l ail, saving 
that whieh I should, and m«y justly eomldain , aud trtdy, qui ub t, nt¢s- 
qu¢n est, n which  Gesner did in modesty, tt I bave read many books, but 
to little purpooe, for want of od method ; I have eonfusedly tumbled over 
divel authors in out libra6, with small profit fbr want of art, order, memoiçv, 
judgment. I never travelled but in map or eard, in wbich my uaoenfined 
thoughts have freely expatiated,  having ever beea eseialy dclighted with 
t.he study of Cosmography. J Satura w lord of my geaiture, culminating, 
&e., and Mat principal signifieator of mannem, in ptile eonjunetion with my 
ascendant; both fortunate in their houses, &e. I ara not or, I ara hot rieh; 
nildl es, nihll dt, I hve little, I want not.hing: ail my treure  in 
Minerv's tower. Greater preferment as I eould never get, so ara I hot ia 
debç for it, I hve  eomltenoe (us D from my noble and munifieeuç 
patrons, thougli I lire still  collegiate student,  Democritus in his gm'den, 
and lead a montie lire, ipse mgd tlwatrun, sequtered from thoeo tumults 
ald tmubl of the world, Et ta» in spe posus, (  he said) in me 
high place above you ail, fike Stoieus Sapiens, omnia soe, proeita 
t£aq vi», uo lut intuiu, I hear and e what is done abroad, how others 
t run, ride, turmoil, and mueerte themlves in court and oeuntry, £tr from 
those wrangling wsuits, aulw vaniaten, fo ambim, rire cum so : 
 laugh af all,  only seeure loEt my suit go ami, my ships perish, eo and 
OEttle misearry» trade deeay, I have no wife nor ehildren good or bad fo prode 
for. & mere spectar of other mea's forçun and adveutures, and hov 
act their parts, which methinks are dively prnted unto me  from 
commoa theatre or seene. I hear new news eve day, and those ordinary 
rumou of wr, plagues, rires, inundations, thefts, murde, mcr, meteors, 
comets, spectrnms, prodigi, apparition, of towns taken, cities besieged 
France, Germany, Turkey, Perzi Poland, &a, daily musters and prepa- 
ration, und such like, which these tempestuous rimes afford, bttles fought 
mny men slin, molmmachies, shipwks, piracies, and sea-fights; peaoe, 
lcagu, stratagem and fresh alarms. A vast eonfimion of vows, wish, 
action, edicts, petitions, lawsuits, plc, laws, proclnmations, oemplaints» 
grienees, are daily brought to our ea ew books every day, pamphlets» 
eurranto, stories, whole catnlogues of volumes of ail sorts, new paradoxes, 
opinions, schisms, hemsies, oentroversies in philosophy, religion, &e. ow 
corne idings of wedngs, maskings, mummelSe enteainments, jubiloes, 
embsi, tflts and tournaments, trophies, triumphs, revels, spor, plys 
then agnia,  ia • e shifed soene, tmon cheating tricks, robberies 
enormous villani in aH kinds, funerals, burials, deaths of prince, new di 
covees, expeditions, now comicl, then mgical matters. To-day we hear of 
new loMs d offioe created, to-moow of some grea men depooed, and then 
again of fresh honours conferred; one is let loose, another imprined ; one 
puoeheth, another breaketh : he thfives, his neighbour turns bankrupt: now 
plenty, then agnin dearçh and fmine; one runs, another rides, wrangles, 
laughs, wps, &e. Thus I daily hear, and such like, both privato and publie 
nes, amit the gallantl T and mksery of the wodd ; jollity, pride, perplexities 
and caoes, mplicity and villany ; subtlety, knavery, candour d integrity» 
mutlly mixed and offering themselves ; I b on privusprivatus; a I lmve 
till lived,  I now continue, statu quo pr£us, left to  soli life, and 
owa domestic disoentents : ving that ometimes»  yu ntr, as Dlogenea 

• lle that fs evevywhere ts nowhere. Iproefat. bibliotheeo 1 .mbo for'es et fortnati, Sça idem 
asterii domin juxta primam LeoItli regulam, k Hensi.  Calide OEbient, licie litigant 
 for% aut   co bon elua, de dote , patoo  non s socit. 



l)emoerltus fo the Reader. 

went into the clty, and I)emocr]tus te the haven te sec fashlons, I did for 
recreation new and then wa abroad, look into the world, and could net C}lOOe 
but ake seine little observation,  tan sa9 obsvator, ac mp 
Wr net  they did, te scoff or hugh at all, but with a ed 
 BHem p, Joeum vtfl mov0re multus.  
Ye wretched mlmi whe fond hts have been 
ow oRI tho objec of my mth and spleen. 
I flid sometlme ]augh and scoff with Lucian, and satlxqcaly tax with 
[enipp«, lainent with eraclitus, 8ometimes again I w »duti 
hinno, and then again, « ure l& jr, I w much moved te  that 
abt which I could net men In wch pion however I may symFathizo 
with him or them, 't for no such respect I shroud myself under hi nage 
but either in an unknown habit te ume a ttle more liberty and freedom of 
speech, or if you wl needs know, »r that reqon and only respect which 
ippoctes relates at large in his Epistle te Damegetus, xvhcrein he doth 
exp, howcoming te vit him one dy, he round Democritus  his garden 
at Abder in the subui-bs, *under a shMy ower, "th a book on hh kees, 
busy st his study, sometimes writing, sometimes walking. The subject of 
book w melancholy and matines; about him lay the carcq ofmany severl 
, newly by hi eut up and anatomiaed ; net that he difl contemn God'a 
crcaturcs,  he told ]Iippoctes, ut te find out the at of this atra , 
or melancholy, whence it l,roceeds, and how it w engenflerefl in men's bodies, 
te the intent he ight etter cure it in himscl and by his writivgs and oser- 
rations tteach others how te prevent and avoid it. rhich good intent of his, 
ippoctes highly comended: Democritus Juor h therefore old te 
imita, and becate he le it imFerfect, and it is new lest, çua 
o Docriti, te revive ain, prosecute, and finish in this trti. 
You have had a tenon of the naine. If the tltle and inscription offevd 
your 'aty, were it a 8ucient justification te accuse others,  cou]d produce 
n]any sober tates, even serinons themselves, which in their fronts 
ore fanttical names. owsoever, it is a kind of Folicy in thee days, te 
çfix a fantti title te a hook which is te he solfl;.for, as lark8 como 
do te a day-net, many vain reders will tmTy and stand ging Ie 8illy 
çenger at an antic picture in a painter's shop, that 11 net look at 
judlcious plece. nd, indeed, as Scaliger oseT, "nothing more vite 
a renfler than an argument unlooked for, unthought oÇ and ses better than a 
scule pamphlet," u aoei cun t clta * paIaum. "[any men," 
saith Gvllius, "are vc conceited  their inscriptions," «and ale ( • Pliny 
quotes out of Seneca) te make him loiter by the way that went in hte te 
fetch a midwife for his daughter, new ready te e do." For y rt, 
bave honourale precedeuts for this hieh I bave done: I will cite one for 
all, thony Zarg Pap. Episc., his atomy of Wit, in four sections, mem- 
bers, subsections, &c.,  be read  out bmries. 
If any man except against the matter or manner of treating of this ny 
bject, and will demand a rson of it, I can aEege more than one; I 'ite of 
melancholy, by being busy to avoid melancholy. There Ls no ter cause of 
encholy thau idleness "no better cure than busius," " * 

m ]'ot se aalraelous au observer as simple a uarrator. * ]3or. Ep. llb. I. xlx., 20. P Per. A langher wlth 
• petulant spleen.  Hot. lib. l. sat. 9. • Secundum moenia le©us erat f!'.o.ndosis populis opacus, 
viibusque sponte natis, tenuis prope aqua deflnebat, placide muranurans, ubi sedfle et domus Dem3eriti 
conspiciebatur, • lpso composlte considebat, super genua volumen haben et utrlnque alia Patentia 
parsta, dissee, aque anlmalia cumulatim strata, quorum viscera rimabatur, t Cùm mundtts exra 
se sit, et mente captus sit, et nesciat se languere, ut medelam adhibeat, m Scaliger, Ep. ad PatisOnem. 
Nihfl magis lectorem iuvitat quam inopina: um argumentum, ueque vendibflior merx est qu. petulaus litr, 
• L|b. xx. ©. 11. M|ras sequuntur insc]4ptionum festivitates, • Proefat. Nat. H|st. Patn obsetrleem par. 
turienti filioe accersent| moram injlcere possunt. " Anatomy of Poperv, Anatomy of lmmortalit), 
A.agei , Aaatou of Atimony &«  Cont. 1.  c. 9. lgun eat cura ehor quàm labor. 



i)emocrtus fo t ï,eer. 

holds : and howbelt, sttdtus lahor est ineptlarum, to be busy in toys is to 
small purpose, yet hear that divine eneca, aliud agere fuam iidl, better do 
to no end, than nothing. I wrote therefore: and busied myself in this playing 
labour, otiosaf, diligcatiâ ut v;2ar«m torporem.friandi with 
crob.ius, atoE. otium it utile verl«rem ne.qotium. 
Lect.orem delectando slmul arque moneudo. 
PeetS weud profit er delght 
And with the pleaing bave th" stctive 
ot ad le thé, fo 
T" lnfo the jndent» uor oKend the he- 
Sh g  vote. 
To this end I wHte, like them, saith Luclan, tat «recite to troe and 
dcc]aim to piila for want of audito :" as Paulus gineta ingenuou]y 
cnfseth, "not that anything w unknown or omitted, but to exewi 
tyse]Ç" which course if some took, I think it wou]d be good for thelr bodies, 
and much betr fr their sou]s ; or peradventure  othe do, for fme, to 
vhow yself (Scire tuum nih , n  scir«  sciat alr). I might be of 
Thucydides' opinion, ""to know a thing and not to express if, 
if he knew if hot." When I first took this task in and, 
imente 9tlo neçotium scei, this ] aimed at ; vd ut drem animum 
• bdo, to case my mind by writlng; for 
ind of impthume in my head, which 
and could iagine no tter evacuation than this. sides, ] ight hot well 
rcfiin, for ubi do, OEi d9ius , one mt needs scrah where if itch. 
I was not a litt]e offended with ts ma]ady, hall I sy y Itre « melan- 
choly," my ge or my lus 9 
tuvg with a scoion, I wou]d expel davum c[ao, dcomfo one wow with 
another, idleness wit, h idleness, ut  «â T/'m, mae an antidote out 
f that wich was the prie cause of y eaoe. Or as he did, of whom 
«Fe]ix Plater speaks, that thought he d some of Aristopan' o in 
be]]y, stffi cing r«c, cex, ca, coa, oep, oop, and for that OEuse stued 
hy»ic ven years, and tvelled over ost par of Euro to e 
To do myself good I turned over ch physians as Çur Hbxries wod afford, 
or my grivate fends ipa, and bave ken this 
Carden profesoeth he wrote his book, "De Consolatione" aftœe h son's 
death, to comfo himlf; so &d Tu]]y ite of the me subje th 
innt aer is daughter's departure, if it be is at let, or me imtoFs 
put out in his nage, ich Lpsins probaly 
I oen pedventure a with Iarius  Saust, « h that which othe hr 
or d o I felb and pcted myself; they get teir knowledge by books, 
I mine by elancholiing." Eœeo  b. Eomething I OEn spk 
ut of experience, mai[@ peti 
poet, Ha ignara nm[i »t coEre disco; I would elp othe ont of 
a feow-feeng ; and, as that uous ]açy did of oId, «being a leper 
ee]ç bestow a ber pion to build an hoil for lepe," I wiH end 
y rime and knowledge, which are y grst foxes, for t common 
good of aiL 
 but you ll ier that this is ]a«tum ag¢, an unn wor 
aen b ccta ao6 te me again and ag  other word& To 

exercitation causa, s ni no neqae id quod eentit exprimi perde t  M ncWet, b Jovi 
Yroef. Hist. * Erm. d Otium ofio doiorem dole aura oela, fObseat. L 1. s M. Joh. Rou 
out Protob. 0. M. Hr, M. GuthHdg &c.  Quoe illi mdlre et ]eere lenK em partira 
viril egome ails gi, quoe i]li ]iteri ego milindo dldiO, nc vos exitiate facta  cta çlur eint. 
t l)ido Virg. « Taught by at Power that itl 



• vhat purpose? "Nothing is omitted that may well be said," so thought 
Lucian in the like theme. How many excellent physiciens bave written just 
volumes and elalmrate tracts of this subject :No news here ; that wbich 
I bave is stolen from others, °])/c/tquv mihi mea pagiza, fur es. If tha 
eevere doom of *Synesi,zs be true," it is a greater offcnce to steal dcad men' 
labours, than their clothes/' hat shall become of most writers  I hold up 
my hand et the bar among others, and am guilty of felony in this kind, 
cojç.tetem eum, I ara content fo be pressed with the rest. 'Tis most truc, 
tenet insanabi mu]tos scribendi cacoethes, and "»there is no end of writing 
books, » as the Wise-man ibtmd of old, in this «oeribbling age, especially 
herein "'the number of books is without number, (as a worthy man saitb.) 
presses be oppressed," and out of an itching humour that every man bath to 
show himself, "desirous of faine and honour (scrbimus ilocti doctiq), 
he will write no marrer vh3t, and scrapo together it boots hot whence. 
"«Bewithed with this desire of faine, etiara wliis in morbis, to the dis- 
paragement of their health, and scarce able to hold a pen, they must say 
something, "and get themselves a naine," saith Scaliger, "though it be to 
the downtïall and ruin of many othem." To be counted writers, scriptores 
»alutentur, to be thought and held 1)olnmathes and 1)olyhistors, apud bnperitun, 
vulgus ob ventosev nmnen artis, to get a paper-kingdom : nulle spe quoetus sed 
amp famw, in this precipitate, ambitious age, nunc ut est sevculum, inter imma 
turam eruditionen ambitiosum et prceceps ('ris Scaliger's censure); and they 
that are scarce auditors, vix auditores, must he masters and teachers, belote they 
be capable and fit hearers. They will rush into all learning, togatam armatam, 
diviue, bureau authora, rake over all indexes aud pamphlets tbr notes, as our 
znerchants do strange havens for traflîc, write great tomes, Cure 
vera doctiores, sed loquaciores, whereas they are hot thereby better scholars, 
but greater praters. They commonly pretend publie good, but as "Gesner 
observes, 'tis pride and vauity that e-es them on ; no news or aught worthy 
of note, but the saine in other terres, fieferiarentur fortasse typograp]d, 
ideo »cribendum est aliquid ut se viz'isse testentur. _h_s apothecaries we make 
new mixtures eve T day, pour out of one vessel into another; and as those old 
Romans robbed all the cities of the world, fo set out their bad-sited Rome, we 
kim off the cream of other men's wits, pick the choice fiowers of their tilled 
gardens fo set out our own sterile plots. Castran alios 
graciles alieno adipe suffarciatt (so *Jovius inveighs). They lard their lean 
books with the fat of others' works. IneruditifuTes, &c. A fault that every 
writer finds, as I do now, and yet faulty themselves, b 2'oEum [iterarum homines, 
all thieves; they pilfer out of old wxters to stuff up their new comments, 
ct'ape Ennius dung-hills, and out of Democritus' pit, as I bave done. ]y 
which means it cornes to pass, "a that not o]dy libraries and shops are full of 
our putid papers, but every close-stool and jakes, Scribun carmina quev legun 
cacantes; they serve fo put under pies, to "lap spice in, and keep roast-meat 
from hurning. "Vvïth xm in France," saith Scaliger, "every man bath 
liberty to write, but few ability.  tteretofore learning was graced by judicious 
scholars, but now noble sciences are vilified by base and illiterate scribblers,', 
that either write for vain-glory, need, fo get money, or as parasites to flatter 
and collogue ith some great men, they put out bburra, quisuiliasqu ine. 



1)cmocrkus Go the eader. 

t£asque. Arr, ongst ao many thousand authors you shall searce find ne, ly 
rdi»g of whom you sha]l be any whit better, but mther much wo, quibts 
;.ur poti 9udn pitur, by which he h rather fected than any w 
erfecteŒEE 
So tha oentimes if falls out (which Callimachs taxed o old) a gat book s 
a great mLsehief. Cardan finds hult with Frenehmen and Gemans, for their 
scribbling to no purpose,  inquit ab ezdo deterreo, oe um aliu' 
inviant, he doth not bar them to write, so that it be some new invention of 
their own ; but we weave the saine web still, twist the me tope again and 
again; or if it be a new invention, 'tis but me bauble or y whieh idle 
fdlows write, for  idle fellows to rd, and who so eann invent ? "'Ho 
must have a barmen wit, that in this seribbling age n forge nothing. *Prinoes 
show their armies, rieh men vaunt their buildi»gs, soldiem their manhood, 
scholars vent their toys f' thcy must read, they must he whether they w 
or o. 
« Et qnodcnnqne mel char/h illevet, omnea ] at once ! sald and writ, all men mst know 
estietEt pueroa à furnOet an.redeunt ncire lacu  01d wiv d clildren  they ¢ome and go. 
« at a company of poets hath this year brought out," as Plny eomplalnJ 
to ssius Sinius. "rThis April eve day some or other have roeited." 
Vhat a eatah)e of new books ail this year, ail this age (I say), bave our 
Fnkfort biais, out domestie Mas brought out  Twice a year, " 
f«unt se ova inia et ostent, we stretch out wits out, and set them to 
sale, gno conats nihil agirons. So that which Gesner mueh dires, ff a 
speedy refi»r,nation be hot had, by some Prince's E, liets and ave Super- 
vioers, to restmin this liberty, it will m on in baitun. Qu' tant avus 
librum lll, who ean read them ? As already, we shall have a vt Chs 
and confusion of books, we are «oppreed vith them, Cour eyes he with 
reing, out fingers with turning. For my part I am one of the number nos 
u mus, (we are mere eiphem): I do hot deny it, I bave only this of 
Iaerobius to y for myselÇ Onne nt, nihil mm, 't ail mine, and nous 
me. As a good houoewitè out of divem floeees weaves one pieoe of eloth 
a bec gathers wax and honey out of many flowe and makes a new bundle of 
ail, E's ut aT in saltibus omnia libant, I bave laboriously "eollected tes 
Cento out of divers wrirs, «1 that d inuriâ, I bave onged no author5 
but given every man his own ; which Hierom somucheommendsin Nepotian; he 
st,ho not whole vernes, ges, traets, as me do now-a-days, eoneling the 
author's names, but stl said this was Cypanh, that Laetantius, that Hlariu¢ 
o said hlinutius Fex, soVietorinus, thus far Arnobhs : I cite ahd quote mine 
authors (which, howsoever me illitemte efibblers aceoant pantie«l,  a 
cloak of imoranoe, and opposite to their affected fine style, I must and wl 
uoe) sumpsi, non rrii ; and what Varm, lib. 6. de re st. speaks of bee 
mini maloEcæ nullius o vdlant faciu to'ius, I ean say of myoel 
Whom bave I injured ? The matter h theim most pax¢, d yet mine, appar 
un sumptum t (wMeh Seneca approves), aliud ta quàm un mptum 
 aTTara , whieh nature doth with the alent of our bodies eorporate, digç 

Inter tot mille volum Ina vx nnn. a t'Jns leetloe quls mcllor evadat, Immo pns n peJ. t Paling1 
What do any on ho reada such works, leam or know but drma and trig rhino. 
Stcrile oet  genlum quod  hoc p¢ntum prurit &e.  Cardan, proef, ad nsol. 
Hor. Hb. 1, t. 4. p Epist. Hb. 1. Masure etmmm proventum annns hic attuIit men Apt 
ullua fere dl quo on allquis recitavit, ffi Idem.  PHnpibus et dooribns deberandum reIinqno, 
arantur actorum furt et milli retita toilier, et tcmere ribendi libido eoceatur, aliter 
flnitum prosur • Onerabnntur Ingeni nemo legendls sucit, • Lis oDimur, ocull legendo 
anus volitando doigt. Fam. Strada }lomo. Luo'eti. • Quicquid nblque bene dictum fado meure, 
illud nnnc ei ad compdiu nunc ad fldem et auctofltatem ents ezpHmo verbi otaries auoEor 
m lent  bitror, e. $bzen ad Polycr4t. proL 
ct. flud r. est, ira Victofin,  hune mod ]oquut est Arnohi, 



8 

Democrus fo the l:eader. 

assimilate, I do concoquere quod hausi, dispose of what I take. I make 
pay tribute, to set out this my lIaceronicon, the method only is mine own. 
raust usurp that of f llrecker è Ter. ihil dictum quod non dictura 
vnetlwdus sola artifwem ostendit, we can say nothing but what bath been •ai.', 
the composition and method is ours only, and shows a scholar. Oribasius, 
2Esius, Avicenna, have all out of Galon, but to their own method, diverso stib,, 
non diversâfide. Out poets steal from Homer; ho spews, saith Elian, they 
iick it up. Divines tme Austin's words verbatim still, and out story-dressers, 
do as much ; ho that oemes last is commonly best. 
 donee quld Kran,Ins 
Pontera •or•que ferai melior.- --- 
Though there were many giants of old in Physic and lhilosophy, yet  say 
with Didacus Stella, "A dwarf standing on the shoulders of a giant may sec 
farther than a giant himself;" I may like]y add, alter, and see fitrther than 
ny predecessors ; and if is no greater prejudice ibr me to indite afer othe» 
than for ]ianus Montaltus, that famous physician, to write d torba 
after Jason Pratensis, Heurnius, Hildesheim, &c., many hot•es to run in a 
race, one logician, Due rhetorician, after another. Oppose then vhat thou 
AHatres Iicet usque nos et usque 
lt Gannitibus improb]s lacesaa& 
 soIve it thu.. And fr those other fau]ts of barbarism, °Doric dla]cct 
extemporanean style, tauto]ogies, apish imitation, a rhapsody of rag. gathered 
together from several dung-hi]Is, excrements of autbors, toys and ibpperics 
confusedly tumbled out, without art, invention, judgment, wit, ]earning, harsh, 
raw, rude, fantastical, absurd, insolent, indiscree, ill-composed, indigestcd, 
vain, scurrile, idle, dull, and dry; I confess all ('ris part]y affected), thou 
canst hot think worse of me than I do of myself. 'Tis hot worth tho 
reading, I yie]d if, I desire thee hot to ]ose time in perusin so vain 
subject, I shou]d be peradventure ]oth myself to read him or thec so writing ; 
'ris hot operoe pretium. Ail I sa)" is this, t]lat I bave b]3recedents for if, which 
Isocrates cal]s, perfugium  qu peccavt, others as absurd, vain, id]e, i]literate, 
&a onndli ali idmfecerun$; others bave doue as much, if may be more, and 
perbaps thou thyself, ovimus e$ qu te, &c. We have all Dur ïaults ; scimu«, 
et/urne veavt, &c. ; Cthou censurest me, so bave I doue others, and may do 
thee, Cedmv, s nue ¢qcem, &c., 'ris fez $albmis, uid F'o uo. Go now, 
censure, criticise, scofl and rail 
• lqautus sls usque Hcet, sls denIque ha•us: ] Wert thou a|l scoffs and llous, s ver3, Momus 
1on pote• In nugas dicere phtra vne  Than we ourselves, thou canst hot sa)" worse 
|pse ego qum  
Thus, as ]aen women scold, bave I cr[ed whore lïrst, and in some men's 
censures I ara aïraid  have over•hot myself Laudare se van, tuperare 
as ] do hot rrogate, I will hot derogate. P'mu8 ves'ûm non sm, ec imus, 
I ara noue of the best, I ara noue of the meanest of you. As I ara an inch, 
or so many feet, aD many par•sauge, after him or him, ] may be peradventuro 
su •ce belote thce. ]e if therefore as if is, well or ill, I have essayed, put 
myself upon the stage ; I must •bide the censure, I may hot esc•pe if. If is 
zno true, sylus irum arguer, out style bewrays us, and as "hunters flnd their 
ame by the trace, sois a man's genius descried by his works, Mu/t te2is ex 
rmone quàm lbamets, de norib ominum judlcams ; if was old Ctato's 
rue. ] Il•ve laid myself open ([ know if) in tllis tre•ri•e» turned mine inside 
• Prier. ail Syn{ax. med.  Untll s later ag sud s happIer Io{ produce somethIng more traly 
 In Lue. I0. tom. 2. Pigmel G|gantum humeris Impositi plusqu•m ipsi Gigantes vident. 
aranearum textus Ideo meHor quia ex se fil• gignuntur, laee noster Ideo vlilor, quia ex allenls hbamus 
al»es. Lipslus •river•us dialogist.  Uno absurdo dato mille sequuntur, • lou dub 
lectores hic fore •tu]tos, o Martls] 13 2. • Ut veaatoree feram " v,tiglo impreeeo, vit . ._mUltos 
tcttl&. Ltps. rtlti 



.Democrtua o 1 l?d. 
o-tward : I shall be cenred, I doubt hOt; for, to y tt wlt 
ihil orosius lominum judii, tbeoe Js augbt so çeevish  en judg- 
men; yet thh is some comfo, ut Fata, c j, o oeur aro 
• "ario  our palate 
te$ mihl eonvivoe prope dientlre vldenr [ Three tç I hav diting af my 
ocvnt vo mult div 9alato, &c. equirlng eh to atify  
 th erent food. 
Our writings a as so many dJses, our readc ests, our booku ]ike beauty, 
that whicb one admis another rej; so are wo approved s men's fancie8 
are inclined. ro capt &cto habent  fa ldli. That which is most 
plsing to one is aracum i, most harsh fo another. Quoi nin, 
senteiæ,  many men, so many minds: that which thou condemnest 
commeuds.  Quod petis, id sa est injure acu db. Ho respecÇa 
matr, thou art wholly for words ; he lov a loese and free style, thu 
all for neat oempositio stmng nes, herboles, allegories; he desires a fine 
frontispiece, euticg pioEm-es, such as *Hieron. atali the jesuit bath t fo 
the DominioE, fo draw on the readcFs attentio which thou rejectest; that 
which one admires, another explodes as most absurd d ridiculous. If it be 
hot pointblank to his humour, his method, his conceit, d quidfm'san wnm, 
qd is ani»w mnceperit, si quæ dictio, &a If aught be omitted, or added, 
which he likes, or disles, thou ar nandium paæ l«tn, an idiot, 
a, ullus es, or pgiarius, a trier, a trivant, thou art an idle fllow; or 
cloe it is a thing of mere dust, a collection without wit or invention, a ve 
toy.  ælia s putant omn quoe jam facta, c de saleoEs cogitant 
• trata; so men are vMued, their labours vilified by fellows of no worth them- 
lves,  things of nought, who oeuld hOt bave done so much. Unuqui 
abunoe se suo, evm-y man abounds in his own senoe ; and whil each 
Iarticar party  so affccd, how should one please alll 
• Qaid demi quid non demi Renuls tu quod jubet 
.at coues mmt I chute 1 
Vhat hot 1 What both wod ortier you refm 
How shall I hope to express mylf to each man's humour and  oenceit, or to 
give satisfaoEion to all'l Some undersnd too little, some too much, qui simi- 
li in gens 1.ibs, atq in salutats in ir.unt, non cvgitan 
quas, s uoE voEus induti Mnt, as "Austin obsees, hot mgarding wha, 
but who write, "n b auo cdebri, hot vMuing the metal, but 
stamp that  upon it, Cantham azpldunt, nm* quid in eo. If he be hot rich, 
in great place, pote and brave, a gtat doctor, or full fraught with grand titles, 
though never so well qualified, he is a dunoe; but, as *Baronius bath if of 
Cardinal Caraffs wo»ks, he is a mere hog that mjec any nmn ibr his povey. 
ome are too paial,  friends to overwoen, others corne with a prejudiceto 
carp, vfy, detrt, and off; (qui de me forsan, qu&uid est, ni cmptu 
contemti dant) some as b for honey, somo  spiders to ffather 
poisom Vhat shall I do in this caœe As a Dutch host,  you corne to 
inn  Gerny, and dislike your rare, diet, lng, &c., relflies  a surly 
tone, " ali tibi ras diversium,"  you le hot ts, gct you to other 
inn : I resolve,  you like hot my writg, go rd metng e]oe. I do hot 
much esem thy oen'e, ke thy course, ig not as thou wilt, nor as I ll, 
but when we ve both don% that of PPlini Sendus fo Trajan wiH prove 
true, "Every m tty labour takes no exoept the mattcr, subjt, ocoE- 
sion, and some commending fvouri happen fo it." If I be tzed, xploded 
¢Hor. • Hot. * Anges. fol. 1607. • $Iurctm.  Lipsius. t Hot. ! Fi non potes 
t quod qnlsque copra,, cat un. lure.  Lib. l. de o., cap. Il. • Ermus. * Annal Tom. 3. 
d a»num 360. t porc iBe qui sacerdotem ex amplitudine redituum sordide demetit, • Erm. di. 
 Èplst. lib. 6. CuJusque ingeum nou eatim emergit» ni materiœe fautor» oi% commdaorquo 
onti, 



 0 ])omocrltu to t]t eac]. 

by thee and some such, I shall haply be approved and eommcnded by othe 
and so bave been (zpt qr). and may truly y with « ovius in like 
, (abs vbo jacntbt) ioum om, tm,  rum 
wbium familtatem et amitm, 9ratasçue 9rats, et ulttm "beao 
latt,n  sure i ous,  I have been hououred by me 
worthy men, so bave I been vilified by others, and shaH 
publishing of this book, (which • Ptb of Persius' tires), edRum libtm 
coinoE mlra Iti, atue av  coep«unt, I may in me sorg 
apply to this my wor The fi$, second, and third editions were suddeuly 
goue, eagerly oead, au,l,  I bave id, uoç so much approved by m as 
ornfully rejd by othe. But if w Democritus h totgune, lm ad»zb 
r«tii et *irri ibit. 'Tw, ueoE's rate, that superintendent of wi, 
harning.judgment, tad sturem , the bt of Greek and Latin write,, 
in Plngarch's opinion; "tha oenoed corrector of vice,"  =Fabius 
him, "ami painthl omuiscious philosopher, that it so exoellently and admir- 
ably well," uld hot pleaoe ail pai, or espe censure. ov is he vilified 
by "Calila, Agelliug Fabius, and Lipsius himlt hh chier propugneri 
 a7,«e pnitsa, ith the me Fabiug many childish tracts 
sentences he bath, serrezilar«tus, toe uegligen ofteu aud oem, as Agellius 
obrves, oratio varis  ptrita, dicac et i,ptæ sen,iæ, e,mdi'» pbeia, 
an homely shailow writer  he is. I» tib inas ftidia abet, mith 
+ Lipus; and, as in ail his other workg so especially in h epLstles, aliœe in 
ar9uti  i,*ptli ocpantur, intat alicubi,  pam comtus, 
ciâ rerum hocci, hej umbles up mauy things toget, her immethodically, after 
the Stoic çhion, rum ordinav, ¢nulla acct«muvR, & If Seneca be 
th lashed, and many famous men that I couhl naine, what shaH I expectI 
]ow shall I that ara riz =mbra tanti pldlosopld, hope to plel "o man 
 ablute (r Ermus holds)to satisfy ail, excep antiquity, prescription, &c., 
set a bar." ut  I have pved in SeneoE, this will hot always take place, 
how shall I evade I 'Tis the oemmon doom of ail wri, I must (I say) 
abide it; I oeek hot applauoe; "Non eo ventosæ vensu?a )l; again» 
on sum adeo iorm, I would no be  vilified. 
  laudatua abund 
un ftit m tibg lector, ero. 
I fcar goo mca's censur, and to thek vourable acccptanoe I subit my 
labours, 
 ¢ et n m¢ipiorum 
Contemno. 
Aa the barking of a dog, I securdy cou,cran hose malicio and scuoeile 
obloqui, floutg caluuuesof rile and detractors; I score he test. 
therefore I hve id, p mzR me, I have said. 
Oe or gwo thin yeg I w dessous tohave amended ifI oeuld, 
£he manner of haudng t my subjeet, for which I must apologise, lX, 
and upoa berger advice give the friendly rder notioe : if w hot mine in.ne 
 pstitu my mso h nglish, or to divuige serra JIioe, but  have 
exoed this more contact in Latin, if I cod have got ig pdnted. Any 
scule pampe¢ h dcome to out mercenary tione 
 euduntque libll 
 quor   sia nuda cacar; 

q Proef hlst. • Laudarl • laudato ]ans est. * Vit. Persil. * Minuit prentis famsm. * Llpsl 
Judic. de Seueca  Lib. 10. Plurimum studiÇ m rerum coitionm, omnem studiorum mateam, 
&c., mulm  eo proband rouira anda, a Suet. Arena aine lce. 
de n. • ix iquis n ablut ut alteri per omnia sa*isfacia h ni longs tporia p,'càptio, mo 
]udi,-di libeat religione quadam imoe ccupffit. • Hot. p. L lib. 19. auè te fridè lau 



Democrtus te tle Reaaer. 

11 

',u in Latin they will net deal ; which is one of the ressens «Xicholas Car, in 
his oration of the paucity of English writers, gives, that se mauy flourishing 
wits are smothered in oblivion, lie dead and buried in this out nation. Another 
inain fault is, that I have net revised the copy, and amended the style, which 
new flows remissly, as it was firs conceived; but my leisure would net permit; 
Feci nec quodpotai, c quod volui, I confcss it is neither as I would, nor as if 
should be. 
• Cùm rclegoscrlpslsse pudet, quia plurima ccrno I When I peruse this tract which I bave writ, 
Me quoque quoe fueraut judice digua liuL I ara ab.h'd, and much I hId unfit. 
t quod gravssimum, in the marrer itself, many t.hings I disallow at this 
rxsent, which when I writ, çVon eadem est eetas, non me; I wou|d 
williugly retract much, &c.» but 'ris too late, I can only crave pardon now for 
what is amiss. 
I might indeed, (had I wisely doue) observed tha precep of the poet, 
nonumque pre»mtur in armure, and have taken more care: or, as Alexander 
the physician would have doue by lapis lazuli, fifty rimes washed before it ho 
used I should have rcvised, corrected and amended this tract; but I had hot 
(as I said)that happy leisure, no amanuenses or assistants. 1)ancrates in 
*Lucian, wanting a œervant as ha went ri-oto Memphis to Coptus in Egypt, 
took a door bar, and ai'ter some superstitious worda pronounced (Eucrates the 
»elator was then present) ruade it staud up like a serving-man, fetch him water, 
turn the spit, serve in supper, and what work ha would besides; and when ha 
had done that service ha uesired, tmned his man to a stick again. I have no 
such skill to make new man at my pleasure, or means to hire them ; no whistlo 
fo call like the master of a ship, and bid them run, &e. I have no such 
attthority, no such benefact,,rs, as that noble *Ambrosius was to Origan, 
allowing him six or seven amanuenses to write out his dictates; I nmst for 
that cause do my busine myself, and was therefore enforced, as a bear d,th 
ber whelps, to bring forth this confuoed lump; I had hot rime to lick it into 
form, as she doth her young ones, but aven so to publish it, as it was first 
written quicquid in buccam venir, in an extemporean style, as J[ do commonly 
ail other exercises, affadi quicŒEuid dictavit genius meus, out of a co,fused 
company of notes, and writ with as small delibera¢ion as I do ordinarily speak, 
without ail affectation of big words, ïustian phrases, jingling terres, tropes, 
atrong lines, that like Acesta's arrows caught tire as they flew, strains of wit, 
brave heats, eh)glas, hyperbolicaI exornations, elegancies, &c., which many so 
much affect. I ara aquee potor, drink no wine at ail, which so mucb improves 
our modern wits, a luose, plain, mde writer, ficum vocofwum, et lOorem ligo- 
hem, and as free, as loose, idem ca].amo quod in mettre, kI call a spade a spade, 
animis hcec scrib9, non auribus, I respect marrer hot words; remembering tha 
of Cardan, ve'ba propter res, non 'es propter verba: and seeking with Seneca, 
quid scribam, no»t quemadmodum, rather what than how to write: for as Philo 
thinks, "trie that is couver:saut about marrer, neglects words» and those tha 
excel in this art of speaking, have no protbtmd learning, 
m Verba nitent phaleri ai nulla verb& medulla 
Iutu habeu.-- 
sldes, it was the observation of that wie Seneca, "* when you see a fel]ow 
careful about his words, and neat in his speech, know thi for a certainty tha$ 

• Aut artls lnscl! aut qu.stul maç|s quam litcrts student. ab. Cantab. et Lond. Fxs. 1676. « Ovi& 
de pont. Eleg. 1. ». t Hor.  Tom. 3. Philopud. cepto peu'.o, quum en quo4d dixis, 
effeclt ni ambare uam ha mam par &c. * Ebi eccl, hist. 0. 6.  Stan 
e in o,  he me vers  Vg.  Non dcm à mmo expoeteN minlmoque poe t Styl 
hic nuli proeter parrhm.  Qui reb se ex.cet, verba negli et qui clet tem dicendi 
nam dilplinam habet reco, m Palingenius. Wor may be rlendent with oament, but 
ey conln no maow within. - CuJunquc orafionem vid ot et cit» scito um  
 oupat,  scDt ufl Hdum. Ept. lib. I. 21. 



man's mind is busied about toys, there's no solidity in him. 'on es oer" 
¢wntu rlri con¢innitas: as ho said of a nightingale, vo' es, prtet.¢rea 
&c. I ara therefore in this point a professed disciple of °Apollonius a scholar 
of Socrates, I neglect phrases, and labour who'fly to informa my reader's under- 
standing, hot to please hi ear; 'ris hot my study or intent to compose neatly, 
which an orator requires, but to express mysdf ladily and plainlf..as i 
happeus. So tllat as a river runs ometimes precipitate and swiït, then ctuti an 
slow; now direct, then per a»bapes; now deep, then shallow; now muddy, 
then clear; now blad, then narrow; doth my style flow: now serious, thctt 
light; now comioEl, tlmn stirical; now more elaborate, then remiss, ss tho 
t,resent subject required, or as at that time I was affecteoE And if thou 
vouchsafe to read this treatise, if shail seem no otherwise fo thee, than the 
way to an ordinary travciler, sometimes fair, somctimes fotfl; here champaign, 
there inclosed; barren in one place, better soil in another: by woods, groves, 
hills, dales, plains, &c. I shall lead thee pf ardua motium, e lv.bricc 
vallium, e roacida cepilum, e *gleboaa camporum, through variety of objects 
that which thou shalt like and surely dislike. 
For the matter itself or method, if it be fatdty, consider I pruy you that of 
Columella, 2V ihil per.fecum, au à singulari consummaum industr, no man 
can observe all, much is defective no doubt, may be justly taxed, altered, and 
avoided in Galen, Aristotle, those great masteoE 2Boni venatoris (P one hold) 
pluresferas calere , non omnes; he is a good huatsman, can catch some, not 
ail; I bave done my endeavour. Besides, I dwell not in this study, 2Von hic 
aulcos du¢imus, non hoc ptdvere mua, I am but a smatterer, I confess, a 
trange]; «here a-d there I pull a flower; I da easily grant, ff a rigid ceasurer 
should criticise on thia which I bave writ, he should hot find three sole faults, as 
Scaliger in Terence, but three hundred. So many as he bath done in Cardan's 
subtleties, as many notable errors as "Gul. Laurembergius, a late professor of 
ostocke, diseovers in that anatomy of Laureatius, or Barocius the Yenetian in 
,Sacro boa«s. And although this be a sixth edition, in which I shotdd bave beeu 
more accurate, corrected ail those former escapes, yet it was ¢nagni laboris 
opus, so difficult and tedious, that as carpenters do tind out of experience, 'ris 
nmch better build a new sometimes, than repair an old bourse; I could as soon 
write as much more, as alter that which is written. ]X aught therefore bo 
amiss (as I grant there is), I require a friendly admonition, no bitter invective, 
",b'in mu.sis ao¢ii Charites, 'uria omnis abeso, otherwise, as in ordinary 
controversies, funem contentionis nectamus, aed cui boew  We may contend, 
and likely mi.use each other, but fo vht pm])osei We are both scholrs, aay, 
-t Arcades m-ni)o, I loth young Arcgdians, oth alike Inpir'd 
Lt cantare parea et respontlere paratL To lg and anawer as the oug requir'd. 
f we do wrangle, ht shall x¢e get by iti Trouble and wrong ourselves, 
make sport to others. If I be convier of an error, I will yield, I will amencL 
,bi quid bonis movibus, si quid eritatl dissenum, in sa, cris val humanis 
lltr£s OE ¢ru dictum si, d ¢te dicum eso. Ia the mean rime 3 requirea favour- 
able censure of ail fatdts omitted, harsh compositions, pleonasms ofworoE, 
tautological repetitinns (though Seneca bear me out, unc]uara dmls diciur, 
9uod zuncluam sis dlcur) perturbations of tenses, numbers, prierez' fults, 
&c. ]Iy translations are sometimes rather paraphrases than interpretatious, 
n ad verbum, but as an author, I use more liberty, and that's on]y takea 
which w to my purpose. Quotations are often inserted in the text, wh/eh 

• Philostraua, lib. 8. vit. Apol. lgegl|gebat oratorlara facultatem, t genltda asperaal)atttr eJus pr0fea. 
orea, quod lmguam duntaxat, non autem meutem re,lderent eruditiorem. * flic euim, quo4 
enec de Ponto, boa herbam, ciconia larisam, 
nvr. • .Non hic ¢olonus domicilium habeo, sed topirii 
Iambe.. , _vra bia m/li auabjh torea L&tgrentii demonàtravi, cc. • l'halo de Gon. t Vh'g. 



1)emoc[u« fo tire eadcr. 13 

makes tho style more hars, or in the margin as it happened. Greek authors, 
Plate, llutarch, Athenoeus, &c., I bave cited out of their interpreters, becauso 
the original was net se ready. I bave mingled sac'fa rophanis, but I hopo 
neC prophaned, and in repetition of authors' names, ranked them per accxlens» 
Lot according te chronology ; sometimes eotericks before Ancients, as my 
memoa T suggested. Seine things are here altered, expunged in this sixth 
edition, othrs amended, much added, because many good *authors in ail 
kinds are corne te my hands since, and 'ris no prejudice, no such 
or oversight. 
= lmquam ira qulcquam bene eubductî ratlone ad vitam fait 
Quia ras, oetas, usus, semper allquld apportent novi, 
Aliquid moneant, ut illa quœe scire te credas, nescias» 
Et quoe tibi put'ris prima, in exercendo ut repudis. 
le'cr was aught yet st flrst contrlved se fit, 
Iut use, age, or omething would airer 
Advise thee better, and, upon pcruse, 
llake thee net say, and what thou takest refuse. 
YIt I ara new reolved never te put this treatise out again, fie quld ms, 1 
will net hereafter add, alter, or rctract ; I bave donc. The last and gre,tcsg 
exception is, that J:, being a divine, have meddled with physic, 
• Tantumne est ab re u otll tlbl, 
Alicna ut cures, caque nihil quœe ad te attlnent[ 
Which Ienedemus objected te Chreme.; have I se much ]eisum, or ]ittl 
busines of mine own, as te look after other men's m.tters xvhich concern me 
net? What bave I te de with physicl Quod medicorum es$ lromittar.$ 
nedic. The Lacedemonians wcre ,race in counsel about state matters, a 
debauched fellow spake excellant well, and te the purpose, his speech was 
generally approved: a grave senoEtor steps up, and by ail means would hve 
repealed, though good, because d«]wnestabatur iessi»w auctore, it had no bctter 
an author; let seine good mn relate the saine, and then it should pass. This 
counsel was embraced, factu-m es, and it was registered forthwith. /$ sic bons 
senentia nansi$, malus ancrer muaus et. Thou suyest as much of me, sto- 
machosus as thou art, and grautest, peradventure, this which I have written in 
physic, net te be amiss, had another donc it, a professed physician, or se; but 
why should J: meddle with this tractl ttear me speak. There be many othcr 
sttbjects, I de easily grant, both in humanity and divinity, fit te be treated of, 
of which had I writtcn ad ose»gaionem only, te show myself, 1 should have 
rather chosen, and in which I have been more conversant, I could have moe 
willingly luxuriate.i, and better satisfied myself and others; but tht st this 
rime I was ftally driven upon this rock of melancholy, and carried away by 
this by-stream, which, as a »illet, is deductcd from the main channel of my 
studies, in which I have pleased and busied myselî st idle hours, as a subjec 
most necessary and commodious. ot that I prefer it before divinity, 
which I de cknowIedge te be the queen of professions, and te which all thv 
test are as handmaids, but that in divinity I .aw no such great need. For had 
I written positively, there be se many books in that kind, se many commen- 
ttors, treatise% pamphlets, expositions, sermons, that whole teams of oxcn 
canner drav them; and had I been as forward and ambitous as seine others, 
might bave haply printed a ser.mon st laul's Cross, a sermon in St. MoErie's 
Oxon, a sermon in Christ-Cl]urch, or a sermon before the right honourable, 
right reverend, a sermon before the right worshil)ful , a sermon in Latin, in 
]nglish, a sermon with a naine, a sermon without, a sermon, a sermon, 
But I bave been ever as desirous te suppress my labours in this kind, as others 
bave beo te press and publish theirs. Te bave written in controversy had 
been te eut off an hydr's head, "li$ limera genera, one begets another, sa 
* Frambcsarms, Sennertus, Ferandus, &c. • Ter. Adelph. • Heaut. Act. 1. acen, 1. • Gelliu ilb. 
al b. -lt Indc ctcn quedam fit, qu lmredo etiam ligat. Cardaa. 



16 

De,no¢'us o t eacr. 

bi» characters, "That our posterlty, O fiend Policles, shall be the bettcr 
his which we bave writen, by correcin and recifyin wha is armss 
them.lves by our examples, and applying our precepts and cautions to their 
own use." And as that great captain Zisca would bave a drum ruade of 
skin when he was dead, because he thouzht the very noise of if would put 
enemies to flight, I doubt hot but that these following lines, when they shall 
be recited, or hereafer rend, will drive away melancholy, (though I be gone) 
au much as Zisca's drum could terrify his foes. Yet one caution let me give 
by the way fo my present, or my future tender, who is actually melancholy, 
that he rend hot the "svmptoms or prognostics in this followJng tract, lest by 
applying that which le rends to himself, aggravating, appropriating things 
geuerally spoken, to his own person (as melancholy men for the most part do), 
he trouble or hurt himself, and get in conclusion more harm than good. 
.I advise them therefore warily fo peruse that tract, Lapides loquiur (so saJd 
• Agrippa de oct. Phil.) et eavean$ lectrres  eerebrum ils excullat. The test 
[ doubt hot they may securely read, and fo their benefit. But I ara ovcr- 
tedious, I proceed. 
Of the necessity and generality of this vhich I have said, if any man doubt, 
I shall desire him to make a brief survey of the world, as Cyprian adviseth 
Donat, "supposing himself fo be transported fo the top of some high mouu- 
tain, and thence to behold the tumults and chances of this wavering world, he 
cannot chuse but either laugh st, or pity it." S. Hierom out of a strong 
imagination, being in the vilderness, conceived with himself, that he then saw 
them dancing in Rome; and if thou shalt either conceive, or climb fo see, 
thou shalt soon perceive that all the world is mad, that if is melancholy, dotes; 
that it is (which Epichthonius Cosmopolites expressed hot many ycars since in 
map) ruade like a fool's head (vith that motto, 'apu helleboro dlgnum) a crazed 
head, eavec s¢ultorum, a foors paradise, or as Apolloni;s, a commou prison of 
gulls, cheaters, flatterers, &a, and needs to be reformed. Strabo in the ninth 
book of his geography, compares Grcece fo the picture of a man, which 
comparison ofhis, lic. Gerbelius in his exposition of Sophianus' map, approves; 
the breast lles open from those Acroceraunian hills in Epirus, to the Sunian 
promontory in Attica; Pagœe and Magœera are the tvo shoulders ; that Isthmus 
of Corinth the neck; and Ploponnesus the head. If this allusion holds 'ris 
sure a mad head ; hlorea may be hIoria, and to speak what I think, the 
habitants of modern Greece swerve as much from reason and true religion at 
this day, as that Morea doth from the picture of a man. Examine the rest 
in like sort, and you shaR find that kingdoms and provinces are melancholy, 
cities and fmilies, all creatures, vegetal, sensible, and rational, that all sorts, 
sects, age% conditions, are out of tune, as in Cebes" table, ornro,s errorem 
bibun, before they corne into the world, they are intoxicated by error's cap, 
from the highest to the lowest have need of physic, and those particular actions 
in Seneca, where f.ather and son prove one another mad, may be general; 
Porcius Latro shall plead against us alL For indeed who is hot a fi»ol, melan- 
choly, mad -- Qui nil wliur inepte, who is hot brain-sicki Folly, melan- 
choly, madness, are but one disease, Delirium is a common naine to all. 
Alexander, Gordonius, Jason Pratensis, Savauarola, Guianrius, hIontaltus, 
coufound them as diffring secundum mag eg dnua; so doth David, 
lasaL xxxvii. 5. "I said unto the fools, de.al hot so madly,"and 'twas rot 
old Stoical paradox, o»nes stultos insanire, rall fools are mad, though some 
madder than others. -nd who la hot a fool, who is free from melancholy 

rPart l. sect. 3. œeeProef. lectorL tEp. 2. 1.2. ad Donatum. Paulisper te erede snbdncl In ardui mo.tis 
verticem celsiorem, speculare iude rerum jcentium racles, et,ocults in al|versa porreetis, fluctuantiz 
turblne lntueri jam simul aut ridebis aut misereberis, &c. Controv. 1.2. cont. 7 & I 6 
• Horatiua • ldem Hor. 1.2, Satyr& . Damaippu Stoicus prob&t omaes sttos e. " 



l)emocrtuo to the Igeader. 1 "i 

Who is hot touched more or less in habit or disposition ? If in dispofition, 
"ill dispositions beget habits, if they persevere," saith "Plutarch, habits either 
are, or turn to diseases. 'Tis the mme which Tully maintains in the second 
of his Tusculans, onnium insiFientum animi in morbo sunt, et perturbatorum, 
fi»ols are sick, and ail that are troubled in mind : for what is sickness, but as 
°Gregory Tholosanus defines it, "A dissolution or perturbation of the bodily 
league, which health combines:" and who is hOt siek, or ill-disposed? in 
vhom doth hot passion, anger, euvy, discontent, fear and sorrow reign  a, Vho 
labours hot of this disease 7 Give me but a little leave, and you shall see by 
wbat testimonies, confessions, arguments, I will evince it, that most men are 
mad, that they had as much need to go a pilgrimage to the Antieyroe (as in 
u Strabo's rime they did) as in our days they run to Compostella, our Lady of 
Sichem, or Lauretta, to seek for help ; that it is ]ike to be as pro.pcrous a 
voyage as that of Guiana, and that there is much more need of hel]ebore than. 
of tobacco. 
That men are so misaffected, melancholy, mad, giddy-headed, hear tho 
testimony of Solomon, Eed. il. 12. « And I turned to behold wisdom, mad- 
uess and folly," &e. And ver. 23 : « All his days are sorrow, his travel grief, 
and lais.heart t«keth no test in the night." So that take melancholy in what 
sense you will, properly or improperly, in disposition or habit, for pleasure or 
for pain, dotage, diseontent, fear, sorrow, madness, for part, or ail, truly, or 
metaphorieally, 'tis ail one. Laughter itself is madness aecording to Solomon, 
and as St. Paul hath if., "Worldly zorrow brings death." "The healoEs of 
the sons of men are evil, and madness is in their hearts while they lice," 
F, cel. ix. 3. "Wise men themselves are no better," Ecel. i. 18. "In the 
multitude of wisdom is mueh grief, and he that inereaseth wisdom inereaseth 
sorrow," ehap. ii. 17. He hated lire itself, nothing pleased him: he hated 
his labour, ail, as Che eoneludes, is « sorrow, grief, vanity, vexation of spirit." 
_And though he were the wisest man in the wodd, sactuarium sapientiœe, and 
had wisdom in abundanee, he will hot vindieate himself, or justify his 
actions. "Surely I ara more foolish than any man, and have hot the under- 
standing of a man in me," Prov. xxx. 2. ]3e they Solomon's words, or the 
words of Ar, the son of Jakeh, they are eanonieal, l)avid, a man aftcr 
God's own heart, eonfesseth as mueh of himself, Psal. xxxvii. 21, 22. « Sa 
foolish was I and ignorant, I was even as a beast belote thee." And eondemns 
ail for fools, Pal. liii. ; xxxii. 9; xlix. 20. ]le eompares them to "beasts, 
horses, and mules, in which there is no understanding." The Apostle Paul 
aeeuseth himslf in like sort. 2 Cor. xi. 21. "I would you would surfer a 
little my foolishness, I speak foolishly." «The whole head is siek," saith 
Eay, « and the heat* is heavy," cap. i. 5. And makes lighter of them than 
of oxen and ases, « the ox knows his owner," &e. : rend Deut. xxxii. 6 ; 
Jer. iv. ; Amos, ifi. 1 ; Ephea v. 6. "13e hot mad, be hot deeeived, foolish 
Galatians, who bath bewitched you " tIow often are they branded with this 
epithet of madness and folly ? :No word so fiquent amongst the fathez of 
the Chureh and divines ; you may sec what an opinion they had of tho world, 
and how they valued men's action. 
I know that we think far otherwise, and hold them most part wise men that 
are in authority, princes, magistrates, arieh men, they are wise men born, all 
politieians and statesme:a must needs be so, for who date speak against them  
knd on thc othcr, so con'upt is out judgmet, we csteem wise and hone.t 

• Tom. 2. Sympos. IIb. 5. e. 6. Anlml affectlones, si dlutluœe lnhoereant prnvoœe geuernnt hab!tns, • Llb. 
28. cap. 1. Synt. art. mit. Morbus nihil est alittd qttam dissottttio quoedam acpertttrbatio foederis In eorpo-e 
existentis, sicut et sanit8s et consentientis ben¢ corpot-is consummatio quoedam.  Lib. 9. Geogr. Plurem 
otim gente uavlgabaxt ldAtt¢ uitat i ¢.au.. • Eccle& L 2t • Jure luereditario saFere Jubentm'. 
EuFlormio 



18 

Denwertus to tl.e Eead«r. 

men fools. Which Demoeritus well signified in an epitle of his to II ippocrates: 
"the " AbdelStes account vitue madness," and so do most men living. Shall 
I te]l you the reason of it  «Fortune and Virue, Wisdom and Folly, their 
seeonds, upon a time contended in the Olympics; every man thought that 
Fortune and Folly would have the worst, and pitied their cases; but if fcll 
out otherwise. Fortune was blind and cared hOt where she stroke, nor whom, 
without laws, Ando.batarum instar, &c. Folly, rash, and inconsiderate, 
esteemed oz little what she said or did. Vitue and Wisdom gave l,lace, 
wero hissed out, and exploded by the eommon peol,le; Folly and Fortune 
adr.*ired, and so are all their followers ever sinee : knaves and tbols commonly 
rare and deserve be«t in worldlings' eyes and opinions. 3Iany good men bave 
no better rate in taeir ages: Aehish, 1 Sain. xxi. 14, held David t0r a mari- 
man. Elisha and the rest were no otherwise esteemed. David was derided 
of the common people, t's. ix. 7, " I am beeome  monster to many." And 
generally we are accounted i?ools for Clu5st, 1 Cor. xiv. "We fools thought 
his lire madness, and his end without honour," qsd. v. 4. Christ and his 
Apostles were ceusured in like sor, John x. ; ]Im-k iii. ; Acts xxvi. And so 
were ail Christians in *Fliny's time, fuerunt et alii similis demeutla, &c. And 
OElled hot long after,  tesaniae sectato'es, everso'es h«»ninum, polluti noatores, 
fanatici, canes, alejïci, venefwi, Gulili homunciones, &e. 'Tis an ordinary 
thing with us, to account honcst, dcvout, oa'thodox, divine, religious, plain- 
dealing men, idiots, asses, that cannot, or will r, ot lie a,d dissemble, shift, 
flatter, accomnwdare se ad eum loeum ubi nati surir, make good bargaius, 
supplant, thrive, patroeds inserz'ire ; solennes ascendendi nwdos apI,'eheulere, 
l«,jes, mores, consuetuxliws rectè observare, candidè laudare, ftiter defendere, 
sententlas am291ecti , dubitare de tullis, credere o'mnia, accipere orang, zihil 
reprelendere, cceteraque ua Frmotionem /erunt et sectritatem, uoe 
ambage foelicem 'eddunt hominem, et verè salientem al»Ud nos ; that cannot 
temporise as other men do, hand and take bribes, &e. but fear God, and 
nmke a eouscience of their doings. But the Holy Ghosg that -knows better 
how to judge, he ealls them fools. "The fool bath said in his heart," 
Fsal. liii. 1. "And their waya utter their folly, '° lsal, xlix. 14. "For whag 
tan be more mad, than for a little worldly pleasure fo procure unto themselves 
eternal punishment " ,s Gregory and others ineulcate unto us. 
Ye8 even all those great philosophers the wofld bath ever had in admiration, 
vhose works we do so much ezteem, that gave preeepts of wisdom to others, 
inventors of Ars and Sciences, 8oeratcs the wisest man of his tinae by the 
Oracle of Apollo, whom his two scholars, Flato and °Xenophon, so much 
extol and magnify with those honourable titles, "best and wisest of ail mortal 
men, the happiest, and most just;" and as +Alcibiades ineomiarably com- 
mends him; Achilles was 8 worthy man, but ]3racides and others were as 
worthy as himself; Antenor and /estor were as good as Fericles, and so of 
the test ; but none present, before, or after 8ocrates, z'mo vetecum eque 
eozm qui hune #uni, were ever such, will match, or eome near him. Those 
seven wise men of Greece, those ]3ritain Druids, Indian ]3rachmanni, thio- 
pian Gymnosophists,/Iagi of the Fersians, Apollonius, of whom lhilostratus, 
3Von cloctus, sed ho.tus sapie» wiso from his cradle, Epicutas so much dmired 
by hiz 8eholar Lueretiuz: 

• Ald tlq°s vlrts, Inanla & ror e. dr. ._ ¢Çaln 
I11 id tkiam. 8ed proer expectaonem  evsç Auuax stult]t m eam 
& pl bine bet ctor stui, • Non oet rpondend st oeund 
...... am. -2R.7. 
t Ltb. 10. ep. 97.  A. ep. 178.  Quis nlel m op &c. 
tan foeHcste oe  manpare upnlici [   fine Phoedonis 
....  . . " 'mftaiclno " 
crat noatro qmdem ucso o quos expe ua opms 
enop. 1. . e d,ctia crafi ad finem,  [ ocr qu om opt foe .... - 



u e hnum ienlo sUpertt, et one Whose wit exee' the wlts of m  . 
cit 1¢ xor u oeieri oI. s he s sing doth obscure  sr, 
Or hat so much £cuowu Epocl 
* Ut voE hana det stirpe «at 
All those of whom we rd such »hyperbolical eulogiums,  ŒE Aristotlc, 
that he w wiom itself  the abstract, Ca micle of nature, breathing 
libraries,  Eunapi of Longinus, lights of nature, giants for wit, quint- 
esnoe of wit, diviue spirits, gles lu the clouds, fM[en from hveu, gods, 
spiris, lamps of the world, dictars, llarang ga»t s futura rum: 
monarchs, miracles, superintendents of wit and lrning, ocoenus, p]nix, 
auroe contes, taturoe ai. 
etd oui detlor orbi 
Submis defert cib perium. 
As [ian wriç of Pmtagoras and Gorç, we may y of them all, fanfum  
pn$ibus abfut, ntum à r£ç l»ue, they were chfldn in respect, 
intnts, hot eagles, but kites; novioes, illitemte, EunucId sapnœe. And 
although they were the wes, and most admired  the age, as he oeuoed 
Alexander, 1 do them, there were 10,000 in h army  worthy capmins (had 
they en in place of comnd),  va[nt a mse; the were myrds of 
men wiser n those days, and yet all short of what they ought to be. "c- 
tauti% in his book of wdom, proves them to be dizzards, fools, ses, mad- 
men. so full of absurd and ridictflous tenets, and bmin-sick positions, that to 
his thinking never any old woman or sick person doted worse. "Dcmocritus 
took all from Leucipp, and left ith he, "tbe inheritance of  fvlly to 
Epicuts," tinsanni dun saeniœe, &a The like he holds ef I*lato, 
Astippus, and the rcst, making no derenoe, "betwixt them and beasts, 
savg that they could speak." Theodoret in hls tmc, e cur. gré. aè. 
manitstly evinoes  much Çf Socrate vhom though that Oracle of Apo[lo 
confirmed to  the wisest mau then livg, and saved him from p[ague, 
hom 2000 yt bave admired, of whom some will as soon speak evil as of 
Christ, yet eca, he was an illitemte diot, as Aristopnes calls him, 
irr  ait&, as his masr totle terres him, scurra AtHcus,  
Zeno, an enemy to al[ as and science, as Athœeneus, to philophers and 
tmvellem, an opionative s, a caviller, a k]nd Çf pedan; for his manners, as 
Theod. Cyrensis derib him, a  sodomiçe, au atheisç, (so couvtct by &nytus) 
iracuus  ebr, dax, &a a pot-companion, by Pto's own confession, a 
sturdy drinker; and that of all othe he w mos sotth, a very madman 
in his actions and opinions. Pyhag,»r was part philopher, part magician, 
or pat witch. If you desim to hear more of AœeolloM, a great wise man, 
sometime paral[eled by Julian the apostate to Christ, I reir you to thaç 
lrarned tract of Euoebius agatnst mmcles, and for them all to Lucian's 
car, Icaro»ni2s, ecyoman: their acçions, Çpinions in genera[ 
were so proous, absurd, ridiculou whlch they brched and maintaine 
their boo and elaborate treates were full of dotage, which Tly ad At 
long sinoe observed, liranru»; scr2or in libis su, their liv ing 
opçosite to thcir words, they commended povey to others, and were most 
covetous themles, extolled love and pcaoe, and yet mecud o anoth,r 
with vent hae and malice. They cod give I,cepts for vcroe and pe» 



0 

Democritus te le t:,eadcr. 

but net a man of hem (as *Seneca tells them home)could moderate his 
affections. Their music did show us .flebiles wdos, &c. how te rise and fall, 
but they cou]d net se contain tbemselves as in adversity net te make a lame]t- 
able toue. They will measure ground by gcometry, set down limits, divide 
and subdivide, but canner yet l,rescribe quantum homini sotis, or keep within 
compass of rea.son and diseretion. Thev can square cireles, but understand 
net tho stato of their own seuls, descrie rght lines ami erooked, &c. but 
know net what is right in this lire, quid in vitâ rectwn sit, igwrant; se tbat 
as be said, Nescio an Aticyra ratio ils destiner omner*. I think ail the 
nticyroe wiil net restore them te their wits, "if these men new, that held 
Xenœeelotus heart, Crates liver, Epictetus lanthorn, were se svttish, and had 
no more brains than se many beetle-, what shail we thiuk of the commonalty'| 
what of the rest? 
Yea, but will you infer, that is trce of heahens, if they be conferred with 
christians, 1 Cor. iii. 19. "The wisdom of this world is foM£shness with God, 
earthly and dcvilish," as James calls it, iii. 15. "Thcy were vain in their 
imaginations, and their foolish heart was full of darkness," Rem. i. 21, 22. 
" When they profcssed themselves wise, became fools." Their witty works 
are admlred here on eartb, whilst their souh are tormented in hell tire. In 
seine sense, Cht'istiani C'assiani, Christians are Crassians, and if compared te 
that wisdom, no better than fools. Ques est s«plens ? Solu ])eus, + Pythgoras 
replie-% "God is only wise," Item. xvi. Paul deterlnines "only good," as 
Austin well contends, «' and no man living can be justified in hLs sight." 
"God looked down fivm beau'en upon the ehildren of men, te see if any did 
understand," Psalm liii. 2, 3. but alI are conpt, err. I-Loto. iii. 12, "-None 
doth good, no net one." Job aggravates this, iv. 18, " ehold he round no 
stedfastness in his servants, and laid fi,lly Ul)on his angcla," 19. «' ltow ranch 
more on them that dwcll in houses of cl:ty " lu this seuse we are all fools, 
and the Scpture alone is arx Minervoe, we and our writings are shallow and 
imperfect. But I de net se mean ; even in our ordinary dealings we are no 
botter than fools. "Ail out actions," as a Pliny told Trajan, "upbmid us of 
folly," our whole course of lire is but matter of laughter : we are net soberly 
wisi; and the world itself, which ought at least te be wise by reason of his 
antiquity, as °Hugo de Prato Florido will have it, se».Ter stultizat, is every day 
more foolish than other; the more it is whipped, the worse it is, and as a child 
• vill still be crowned with roses and flowers." We are apish in if, asid blpedes, 
and every place is full inverso'um Apulerum, of metamorphosed and two- 
leggcd asses, inversorum b'ilenorum, childish, puerilnstar binuli, tremulâ partis 
dor»»tle»tis in ulnâ. Jovianus Pontanus, Antonio Dial, brings in seine laughing 
at an old man, that by reason of his age was a little fond, but as he admonisheth 
there, We nireris nî hosies de hec sene, marvel net at him only, for tota hwa 
civltas delirat, ail our town dotes in like sort, «we are a company of fools. 
Ask net with him in the poet, SLam'oe hune intem2s»iœe insaniœelU e agltn 
scnem ? Wbat madness ghosts this old man, but what madness ghosts us all 
For we arc ad unum otaries, all mad, semel insanivinus omnes, net once, but 
always se, eS semel, et mul, eS senper, ever and altogether as bad as he; and 
net senex bis2)uer , delira anus, but say it of us ail, semper 2mme/, young and old, 
all dote, as Lactantius proves out of Seneca; and no difference betwixt us and 
children, saving that, majora ludimus, et gratdlorlbus 2)ui, is ' they play with 
babies of cloute and sueh toys, we sport with greater baubles. We canner 

* CJeneca Sels rotunda mctirt. ed non tUlIDI an]mura, • Ab Kberibus sapientta |actat! cmcutire non 
pnsunt. «Cor Xcnodoi & Jecur Cratctis. f Lib. de nat. boni. chic profttndisslmm Sophim fodinœe. 
« Pancgyr. Trsano omne aciones exprobrare stultitiam videntur, • Ser. 4. In demi Pal. Mundu qui 
oh sntiquitatem deberet esse sapiens, semper stu!tizat, et nullis flage|l|s &lteratur, $ ut puer cuit rosi  
i-bt cruari. *'lsaaum te otarie» vucri, cl4mautque ltcll.e. HI'. • 'lautu bulr 



Democitu to t ed«r.  l 

acctse or condemn one another, being faulty ourelves, ddiramt 
you talk idly, or   Iitio upbraided Demi, 
mad out ownselves, and if 
velly so,  Vita eg ftu,  sat. 
Vhea * Socrat hd takea cat pai to fiad t a wi man, and to that 
purpo had cod with philophe, poets, artifices, he concludes a men 
were fools; and though it proced m both anger and much en, yet h ail 
companies he would only pfe it. When *Supputi in Pontan had 
tveed ail over Euro to coafer with a wiæ man, he reted at lt without 
his eand, ad could find none. Can concu th him, "Few there are 
(tbr aught I can perive) weH in their t" o doth Tully, "I ste vve- 
thing to be doav foolhhly and unadvhed]y." 
Ille sinorsum, hic dexor, un uquo 
rror, s vari udit pib orang. 'T the sme eor 
 They dote  but not a «, « ,,, .«, hot in the me kinJ, 
"One is covetous, a cond lcious, a thd ambition, a foth envio," 
&c.  Damasipp the Stoic bath we flhtrad in the poet, 
Dlpit omu uv ac t  And they wo call you fooÇ with eql clm 
Iay pl  ample title to e naine. 
'Tis an hbred malady in eve one of , them is sinaum stitiœe, a 
semha of folly, "wch 
tum, and infinily vi  we ouelves e verally addicted," ith 
« Balthazar Ctilio: and cannot so Hy be rooted out, if tes such ft 
hold,  Tly holds, altœe rad itiœe, "so we are bred, and so we con- 
tinue. Sone y thcm be two mMn defects of wit, eor, and ioranoe, to 
which ail othc oee reduced ; by iorance we know hot tbin ne, by 
eor we know them fAsely. Iomnce  a privation, eor a positive act. 
From iorance com vice, from error, heresy, &c. But make how many 
kinds you will, divide and subdivide, few mvn are fe, or that do not impge 
on some one nd or other. "S umçue agta s$$os it  he that 
examines his own and other men's actions sha find. 
• Chaton in Luc,  he wittily feins, w conducted by Iereu fo such 
a place, where he ght see ail the world at once; after he had suoEcicnt]y 
view«l, and ]ooked about, Iercm T would needs ow of m what he had 
observed : He told him tt he w a vt multitude and a promiscuo, the 
habitations ke moles, the men as emmets, "he oed lrn eities like so 
many hives of be, whcrein every boe had a sting, and they d nought else 
but sting ove another, oeme dominoeng ke hocts bigger than the test, 
some e fitching wps, others as droaes." Over thcir heads were hoveg 
a oenoed company of peurbations, hope, fcar, anger, avae, ioranoe, 
&a, d a multitude of dises hging, wch thcy still pulled on thcir pas. 
Some were bmwling, so fighting, dg nning, sollici ai, c 
lan, for toys and tEfles, aud such momentary thin. Their towns and 
provhces mere fanions, rich against poor, oor against ch, nob against 
artificer, they against nob, and so t roEt. In conclusion, he condced 
them Mi for madmen, foo, idiots, ass, 0 
O fools, O mmen, he exclaims, ia 
endeavoum, mad actions, mad, mad, mad, « 0 oeclum i & infum, 
a ddy-hded age. Hemctus the posopher, out of a o meditation 

t Adelph. act. 5. scen. 8. l'I'ully Tuse. 5. forfune, hot wfsd'ot, govetns out Iive. • Plato Apolcim 
8ocratis. I Ant. diai. m Lib. 3. de sap. pauc! ut video sanoe mentis surir.  tu3tè & incaute omia 
agi video. * Iusania non omnibus edem, EraSm. chiL 3. cent. I 0. nemo morinllum Qui non aiiqua in re 
desipit, licet alius allo morbo laboret, hic ]ibidinia, llle avaritioe, mbl{ionis, vidiæ. I Hot. 1.2. sat. 3. 
 Lb. 1. de aultco. Est in unoquoq; nostrum emlnarum lquo titi, quot si quando excltetr, in 
infinitum fscilè excrescit, • Primaque lux vie prima erroris erat. • Tlbullus, stttlti pretoezunt d'.s 
their wits are • wool-gathertng. 8o foob cornmonly dote. * Dhd. contemh Tom. 2.  Catultts. 



22 Democrltus to t£e Reader. 
of men's llves, fell a weeping, and with continual tests bewailed thelr miry, 
madness, and fully. Dcmocritus on the other aide, burst out a laughing, the 
whole life seemed fo him s ridiculous, and he wa so fier carried with this 
ironical passion, that the citizeus of Abdera took him tobe mad, and sent 
thercfore ambassadors to IIippocrates» the physician, that he would exercise 
his skill upon him. But the story is set down af large by Hippocrates, in his 
eplstle to Damogetus, which because it 
will insert verbatim almost as itis delivered by Hippocrates himself, with ail 
the circumstances belonging unto it. 
When Itippocrates was now corne to Abdera, the people of the city came 
flocking about him, some weeping, some entrcating of him, that he would do 
his best. After some little repast, he went to sec Democritt«, the peoplc fol- 
lowing him, whom he found (as before) in his garden in the suburbs ail alonc, 
"sitting upon a stone under a plane tree, without hose or shoes, with a book 
ou his knees, cutting up several beasts, and busy af his study." The multi- 
tude stood gazing rouml about to sec the congress. IIippocrates, after a little 
pause, saluted him by his naine, vhom he resaluted, ashamed almost that he 
could hot call him li_kewise by his, or that he had forgot it. Hippocrate. 
demanded of him what he was doing: he told him that he was " 
cutting up several beasts, to fin01 out the cause of madness and melancholy." 
tippocrates commended his work, admiring his happiness and leisure. And 
why quoth Democritus, have hot you that leisure Because, replied Hippo- 
erates, domestic affait hinder, ,,ecessa T to be done for ourselves, neighbours 
friends; expenses, diseases, frailties and mortMities which happen; wffe, 
children, servants, and such businees which deprive us of out rime. At this 
speech Democritus profusely laughed (his friends and the people standing by, 
weeping in the meaatime, and lamenting his madness). Hippocrates asked 
the reason why he laughed. Ite told him, st the vanities and the fopperies of 
the rime, to see men so empty of ail virtuous actions, to hnnt so far after gold, 
having no end of ambition; to take such infinite pains for a little glory, and to 
be favoured of men; to make such deep mines into the earth for gold, and 
many rimes to find nothing, with loss of their lires and fortunes. Some to 
love dogs, others horses, some to desire to be obeyed in many provinces, and 
yet themselves will know no obedience. "Some to love their wives dearly st 
tirst, and after a while to forsake and hate them; beget¢.ing children, with 
much tare and cost for their education, yet when they grow to man's estate, 
°to despise, neglect, and leave them naked to the world's mercy.  Do no 
these behaviours expres their intolerable folly  Vhen men lire in peste, 
they covet war, detesting quietness, °deposing kings, and advancing others in 
their stead, murdering some men to beget children oftheir wives. How rnany 
strange humotu are in men! When they aro poor and needy, they seelr 
riches, and when thcy have them, they do hot eujoy them, but bide them 
under ound, or else wastefully spend them. 0 wise Hippocrates, I laugh a 
such things being donc, but much more when no good cornes of them, and 
when they are done to so iii purpose. There la no truth or justice founa 
amongst them, for they daily plead one against another, a the son against tho 
father and the mother, brother agaiust brother, kindred and friends of the 
saine quality; and ail this for riches, whereof after death they cannot be pos- 
sessors. And yet notwithstanding they wfll defame and kill one another, 
$ramspaansentemsmdisaeamsperap|demv`adepa1]|damac|en . 
barb.hbru." auper genibus habentem.  De furore, mania,, meancholio ,,,°:- u- c:a" tm.prom.Boa 
]Io.mB|b[L glgnatllr, fiat, crescat, ©umulctur, minuatur 
De opera perosus, sed fellis bili$q • naturam diquirens • 
• ' ........ oument  aervi tui be- 
qutum rigide postulas, & tu nullum proestas aliis, nec ips| Deo. • 
• l'ueros amant, mox fastldiunt.  Quid hoc ab lnsania deest 
larente fratrea, cires pe-petao rixantur, & inimiciti abànt. 



Democrltus te the Rcader. 23 

commit all unlawful actions, contemning God and men, friends and count T. 
They make great aceount of many senseless things, esteeming them as a great 
part of their treasure, statues, pictures, and such like movables, dear bought, 
and se eunningly wrought, as nothing but speech vanteth in them, "and yet 
they hate living persons speaking te thcm.* Others affeet ditficult things ; 
if they dwell on tirm land they will remove te an Lland, and thence o land 
again, being no way consant te their desire.. They commend courage and 
strength in wars, and let themoelves be eonquered by lust and avarice; they 
are, in hrief, as disordered in their minds, as Ïhersites was in his body. And 
new, methinks, O most worthy Hippocrates, you should net reprehend my 
laughing, perceiving se many fooleries in men; ffor no man will mock his 
own folly, but that whieh ho seeth in a seeon,l, and se they justly mock one 
another. ïhe drunkard ealls him a glutton whom he knows te be sober. 
]Iany men love the sea, others husbandry; briefly, they canner agree in their 
own trades and professions, mch less in their lives mAd actions. 
When Hippoerates heard these woxals se readily uttered, without premedi- 
tation, te declare the world's vanity, full of ridiculous eontrariety, he ruade 
answer, that neeessity eompelled men te many such actions, and divers wills 
ensuing frein divine permission, that we might net ho idle, being nothing is 
se odious te them as sloth and negligenee. 15esides, men canner foresee future 
events, in this uncertainty of human atairs i they would net se marry, ifthey 
eould foretel the causes of their dislike and separation ; or parents, if they 
knew he heur of their ehildreu's death, se tenderly providc for them ; or an 
husbandman sow, if he thought there would be no increase ; or a merehant 
adventure te sea, if he foresaw shipwa-eck ; or be a magistrate, if presently te 
be deposed. Alas, worthy Demoeritus, every man hopes the best, and te that end 
lac doth it, and therefore no such cause, or ridiculous oecas;on of laughger. 
Demoeritus hearing this poor excuse, laughed again aloud, perceiving ho 
wholly mistook him, and did net well understand what he had said eoneernlng 
perturbations and tranquillity of the mind. Insomuch, that if men would 
govern their actions by discretion and providence, they would net declare 
themselves fools as new they de, and he should bave no cause of laughter; but 
{quoth he) they swell in this lire as if they were immortal, and demigod., for 
want ofunderstanding. It were enough te maire them wise, ifthey would but 
eonsider the mutability of this world, and how it wheels about, nothing being 
firm and sure. He that is new above, t«»-morrow is beneath; he that sate on 
this side to-day, to-morrow is hm'led on the other: and nog eonsidering these 
matters, they tkll into many ineonvenienees and troubles, eoveting things of no 
profit, and thirsting after them, tumbling headlong into many ealamities. Se 
that if men would attempt no more than what they eau bear, they should lead 
c9ntented lives, and leaxaaing te know themselves, would limit their ambition, 
s they would pereeive then that nature hath enough without seeking sueh 
superfluities, and unprofitable things, whieh bring nothing with them but 
grief and molestation. As a fat body is more subjeet te diseases, se are 
rieh men te absurdities and fovleries, te many easualties and cross incon- 
venienees. There are many that take no heed what happeneth te other 
by bad conversation, and therefore overthrow themselves in the samo 
manner through their own fault net foreseeing danget manifest Theso 
are things (O more than mad, quoth he) that give me matter of laughter, 
by sutïering the pains of your impieties, as your avarice, envy, malice, 
eormous villanies» mutinies, unsatiablo de.ires, eonspiraeies and othet 

• ldola laalimats amant, an|ma odlo hnbcnK sic ptiflcil. * Credo dem vos duoent è more 
ltu$. 8m stultitiam perspicit nemo, sed ter sitem deridet, gDcnique sit finis querend 
œeeque habe plus» pu metu m & finire lbortm cipi» ptk quod veb ue. HuE, 



1)emoert te rite eader. 

incurable vicee ; hcsides your  dissimulation and hypocrisy, bea:ng deadly 
hatred one te the other, and yet shadowing it with a good face, flyig out lute 
ail filthy lust, and transgressions of ail laws, both of nature and eivility. 
1Iany things whieh they bave left off, ai'ter a while they fall te again, hus- 
bandry, navigation ; an.l leave ag'ain, fickle and inconstant as they are. 
When they are young, they would be o|d; and old, young.  Princes commeml 
a private lire; private mcn itch after honour: a magdstrate commends a qtfiet 
lit ; a quiet man would be in his office, and obeyed as he is : and what 
cause of all this, but that they know net themselves Seine delight te destroy, 
one te build, another te sioil one countT te em'ich another and himselt: 
In all these things they are like childrcn, in whom is no judgmeut or counsel, 
and resemble beast saving that beasts are better than they, as being con- 
tented with nature.  When shall you see a lion bide gold in the gTound, or 
bull contend for better pasture XVhen a hoar is thlcsty, he drinks what will 
serve him, and no more ; and when his belly'is full, eeaseth te eat : but meu 
are immoàeratein both,msin lust--they covet carnal Colmlation at set rimes; mea 
always, ruinating thercby the health of their bodies. And doth it net de- 
serve laughter te see an amorous fool torment himselffor a wench ; weep, howl 
for a mis-shapen shtt, a dowdy sometimes, that might have his choice of the 
finest beauties? Is there any remedy for thi.s in physic | I de anatomise and eut, 
up these poor beasts, "te see these distempers, vanities, and follies, yet such 
prooï were better made on ma's body, il" my kind nature would endure it : 
"who frein the heur of h£s birth is most miserable, weak, and sickly; when he 
sucks he is guided by others, when he is grown great 1,ractiseth unhappincss 
° and is sturdy, and when old, a child gain, and repenteth him of his lii'o 
past. And here bcing interrupted by one that brought books, he fell 
again, that ail were mad, c'trelea% stupid. Tu prove my frmer speeches, 
look into courts, or private bouses. PJudges givejudgment according te thcir 
own advantage, doing manifest wrong te poor innocents te please others. 
lotaries alter sentences, and for money lose their deed. Seine make fals 
monies; others counterfeit talse weights. Seine abuse their parents, yea cor- 
rupt their own sisters; othcrs make long libels and pasquils, defaming men 
of good lire, and extol such as are lewd and vicious. Seine rob one, seine 
another: «magistrate make laws against thieves, and are the veriest thieves 
themselves. Borne kill themselves, others despair, net obtaining their desires. 
Seine dance, sing, laugh, feast and banquet, whilst others sigh, langmish, 
mourn and lainent, having neither meat, drink, ner clothea "Seine prank up 
their bodics, and have their minds full of execrable vices. Seine trot abou 
"te bear false witness, and say anything for money; and though ju,lges knov 
of it yet for a bribe they wink at it, and surfer false contracts te prevail 
against equity. "Vomen are ail day a dressing, te pleasure other men abroad, 
and go like sluts at home, net caring te please their own husbands whom 
they should. Seeing men are se fickle, se sottish, se intemperate, why should 
net I laugh at those te whom 'folly seems wisdom, will net be cured, and 
perceive it not 
It grew late: H_ippocrates lefç kim; and no soonr waz he corne away, but 

a Astutam vapldo ervas sub peetore valpem. ]Et cure vtdpe posîtus partter Vlplnarler. Cretizandum 
tmm Crete.  Qui fl[ Mecnas ut nemo quam aibi sortem, Se ratio dederil aeu sofa objecerit, 
tcntus vivat, &c., I-Ior.  Diruit, alilicat, mutat quadrata rotundi. Trajanus pontera atruxit super Danu. 
bium, quem uccessor ejus Adriauus atatim demolivit, • Quî qu|d in re ab infantibus differunt, quibua 
mena & cnaus tne ratione tnest, quicquid  his offert volupe est !  Idem Plut.  Ut insanioe causam 
disquh'am bruta macto & 8eco, cure hoc potius in hominibus investig&ndum esset. Totus  nativ|tate 
rn.orb.us est.. * In vigore furibundus, qaum decrescit insanabilis. » Cv,rian. a 
¢rmma JuIi¢turu, &e_ t Tu pessimu omnium |atro es, as a thlef tOld îexandêr în Caurt?a. Qui ed î, 
foras Judex, quod intus operatur, Cyprian. r Vttltùs magna curs magna animi iiuria. &m. Martel. 
• Horrenda res est, vix duo verba sine mendac|o proferuntur : & quamvis solenniter boraines ad veritatem 
dicendam invitentur, peJerare tamen non dubitant, ut ex dccem toetibus via unus verum dicat. Calv. in 
 Juhn Serra. 1.  balientiam inauiam esse Uicunt. 



Democrtus o the Receler. 25 

all the citizens came about flocking, tu know how he liked him. e told them 
in brief, that notwithstanding those small negleets of his attire, body, diet, 
"the world had net a wiser, a more learned, a more honest man, and they 
were mueh deeeived tu say that he was mad. 
Thus Demoefitus esteemed of the world in his time, and this was tbe caus 
of his laughter: and good cause he had. 
• Olim Jure quldem, nunc plns Demurrite ridel 
Quin rides l vita hoec nunc magè ridcula et. 
]:)emocrRus did weli fo laugh of old, 
Good cause he had, but new much more ; 
'his lire of ours is more ridiculous 
Than th of his» or long before. 
:bTever su mueh cause of laughter as new, never su may fools and madmen. 
'Tis net une 'Democritus will serve turn bu laugh in these days; we havc nov 
need ofa "I)emocritus tu laugh at I)emocritus ;" une jester tu tout at anotheG 
une fuel tu tiare at another: a great stentorian I)emocritus, as bi i as thag 
hodian Colossus. For new, as ZSalisburiensis said in his time, totus mun- 
dus histrionem agit , tbe wbole world plays the fuel; we hve a new theatre, a 
new scene, a new comedy of errors, a new company of personate actors, 
volupiw sacra (as Calcagninus willingly feigns in his Apologues) are celebrated 
all the world over,  where all the aetors were madmen and fools, and every 
heur changed habits, or took that which eme next. He that was a mariner 
to-day, is an apotheeary to-morrow; a smith une while, a philosopher anotber, 
in Ais volupiw htdis; a king new with his crown, robes, sceptre, attendants, 
by and by drove a loaded ass before him like a carter, &e. If DemocTitus 
were alive new, he should sec strange ,lterations, a new company of countertit 
vizard% whiffiërs, Cumane asses, maskers, mummers, painted puppet% outsides, 
fantastic shadows, gnlls, monsters, giddy-heads, butterflies. And su many 
of tbem are indeed (if all be truc that ][ bave read). For when Jupiter sud 
Juno's wedding was solemnized of old, the gods were all invited tu the feast, 
and many noble men besides: Amongst the rest came Cl'ysalus, a ]Persian 
prince, bravely attended, rieh in golden attires, in gay robes, with a majestical 
presence, but otherwise an ass. The gods seeing him corne in sueh pomp and 
state, rose up tu give him place, ex habitu koeinem metientes; but Jupiter 
perceiving what ho was, a light, fantastie idle fellow, tumed him and his 
proud followers into butterflies: and su they continue still (for aught I know 
tu tbe contrary) roving about in pied coats, and are called chrysalides by tho 
viser sort of men: tbat is, golden outsides, drones, tiies, and things of no 
worth. ]lultitudes of sueb, &c. 
Sultos avarvs» sycophantas profl|gos."" 
][any addltlons, much inerease of madness, folly, vanity, should Democritu. 
observe, were be new tu travel, or could get leave of Pluto tu corne sec fashions, 
as Charon did in Lueian tu visit our cities of ]loronia Ps, and Moronia Foelix : 
sure I think he would break tbe rira of his belly with laughing. %çifore i 
terr deret Deraocritus, seu, &e. 
A satirical Roman in his tirer, thought all vice, folly, and maduess wcre ail 
a full sea bOmne in t'oecipiti vitium stetit. 

• Slquldcm saplentlse Sttœe admlratlnç me eomplevlt, offendl sap{enfl.«Imum vlrum, qui saIvos test 
omn homin reddere, • E Groec. eplg.  Plures Democr[fi nunc non sufficiunt, opus Demeure qui 
Democtum rideat. Erg. Moa. ffi PoIycrat. lib. B. p. 8 e Petn. * Ubi otaries deliraban omnes 
in,ni, &c. hoe naut cr phiIosophus; hodie faber,  phamaco]n; hic mode regem et mto 
telHtlo, tiar & sceptre ornat, nc vfli amict centico, inum clitellartum pellit.  Calc- 
ninus AI. CD'saI è tes sure div manlcato plo oe ti ci¢uuN ls a]iu & nullius 
¢onstli &e. mo to lnien sn dil, &c. s Sed hominis levi[atoe Jupiter perspiclens, ai 
tu (lnquit) «to bombllio, &c. protq ; vti$ illa manlcata in al versa e$ & murales inde Chrylid 
vocoEnt hujodi homin  You wl mect ¢oveto ¢-ols and prigal sycophan everywher 
• Juven.  Juvcn. 



26 .Democrtus fo the Reader. 
 osephns t.he isLoran xeth h couutmen ews for bgglng of their 
vioes, publishing their flhes, and that they did connd amont themselv 
who shod be most notofio in vlanics; but we flow higher  madne 
r beyond them, 
" Mox da oglem vltloslorem," 
And yct with m to  unknown, 
O sons sha mrk thc coming c thclr own, 
and he lacer en (yon now whose o«l i s) s like  be wo. 'Ts nol. 
to be decd, the wx'ld lrs every da L uunt , e t«fu, 
hbs, lw, cusms, mne, bu hot vice, no dsees, no he sympoms 
of folly and madne, they are still the sam And  a river, we sec, keeps 
the like naine and place, but not water, and yet ever runs, T Litur et 
in om volg um; our rimes and psons alter, vioes are the mme, and 
ever will be; look how ightingales ng of ohl, oecks crowed, kine lowed, 
sheep bltcd, sparrows chirped, dogs barked, so they do still : we keep our 
due stHl, play the fooh still, c dumfinit Orme; we are of the me 
humours and inclinations  our predeoeo were; you shall rirai  aH alpe, 
much af one, we and our sons, et ti mrum, oe qui nascuntur ab l. And 
so shall our posterity continue to the last. But to speak of rimes psent. 
If Democrit were alive now, and should but see the supetition of out 
age, our "religious madnoe% as ' hletemn calls it, Rdiffsam insanm, so many 
pmfess Chtians, yet so few imltato of Christ; so much talk of relion, so 
much ience, so little conscience; so much knowledge,  many prche, so 
little pmctice ; such vaety of sects, such bave and hold of all sides, 
obvia sgt S,a, &c., such absurd and ridiculous traditions and 
nmnies: If he should meet a Capuchin, a Fmnciscan, a Pharisai Jesuit» 
a man-serpent, a shave-crowned [onk in his robes, a begng Friar, or 
their three-crowned Soverei Lord the Pope, poor Peter's sucoeor, s 
sewm Dd, to depose kings with hh foot, to tread on empero" necks, make 
them stand barefoet and bare-legged at his gat, hold his bridle and stip, 
&c. (O that Peter and Paul wcre alive to e thisl) If he should oboerve 
a rince creep so devoutiy fo kiss his toe, and the Pd-cap Cardinal, 
poer rish priests of old, now Prces' compauions; what would he y 
Cum  etitur sttltit. Had be met me of our devout 
going barefoot to Jelem, our lady of Lauretto, ome, S. Iago, S. Thorax' 
Bhfine, fo creep fo thoee oeuuteffeit and magg,,t-ten reliques; had he beeu 
present af a ms, and seen such ksing of œaxes, crucifixes, cg, duck- 
ings, their several attires and ceremonics, piures of ints, indgenoe 
pardons, vigils, tg, fts, crossing, knocking, kneeling at Ave-[ari, 
Lells, with many such ;jun OEi spoeta p, *pmyg  gib- 
berish, and mumbng of bea,ls. Had he heard an old woman y ber pmycrs 
 Latin, their spg of holy water, and going a prooession, 
« $lnedt monachom alna mille  
Qd morem veoE cc idolaq ¢ult 
The brevrles, bulls, hallowed bs, exorcism pioEes, curious cro, 
ables, and baubles. Had he read tbe Golden gend, the Turks' Aloerau, o 
Je" Talmud, the Rabbç Comments, what wod he ve thought 
* De Ho Jud. 1.8. . I1. Inlqnltaf voevemlnem lafenç laque di $ino$ terrien habe# quiœ 
pcjor sit.  Hor. d Lib. 5. Epist. s.  Hor. * Supersti:io t sanus error. « Lib. 8. hist. 
Iclg.  Ln. s Father Agelo, te Duke of oeux,.goin befoot Oer tbe AI s 
m Sa cul Inhxen" racer quoe pati superstitlosi, inveni. m decora honti-m  ma»ffnm:-'P tRome,liber, t 
dmHia s ut nemo fuerit dubltur furere  oe cure pauciorib fert en .....  
de eo dnlgeuis, oblationlb voti solutionib jns nois, somniis hori or an 
lenis campanis simulachs mis purtoriis mit orei»* « ,_ .' .._   ¢anti. 
nnctombu del hcb crucb apm ce- thub Inca-*-*:---    rur 
legen» &c. alcus de act Rom. Pnt. lemg ectacl  the a- "  uti 
"  pooe.  Th. e. 



Democrt«s o Ue Rea(ler. 

27 

dost thon thhlk ],e might bave been affected? Y[ad ]me more particularlv" 
examined a Jesuit's lifo amongst the rest, he should have seen an hypocri'e 
profe poverty, mand yet possess more goods and lands than many princeps, to 
bave infinite treasures and revenues; teach others to fast, and play the gluttoas 
themselves; like the watermen that row one way and look another. Vow vir- 
ginity, talk ofholi»ess, and yet indeed a notorious bawd, and famous fornicator, 
lascvumpecus, a very goat. lIonks by professior, u such as give over tho 
world and the vanities of it, and yet a .tlacldavelian roui °interested in ail 
manner of state: holy men, peaco makers, and yet composed of envy, lust 
ambition, hatred, and malice; fire-brands, adu/ta patq loestiz, traitors,  
sassinats, ]îz iur ad aslra, and this is fo supererogate, and merit heaven for 
themselves and others. Had he aeen on the adverse side, some of our nice 
and curious schismatics in another extreme, abhor all ceremonies, and rather 
lose their lires and livings, than do or adroit anything PapLsts bave formerly 
used, though in things indifferent, (they alone are the true Church, sal terræ, 
cure snt omnium insulsssimt. Formalists, out of fear and base flattery, like so 
many weather-cocks turn round, a rout of temporisers, ready to embrac and 
maintain all that is or shall be proposed in hope of prelbrment: another 
Epicurean company, lying ai lurch like so many vultures, watching for a 
prey of Church good and rcady to rise by the downfal of any: as P Lucialt 
said in like case, what dost thou think Democritus would bave done, had ho 
been spectator of these thingsl 
Or had he but observed the common people follow like so many sheep one 
of their fellows drawn by the horns over the gap, some for zeal, some tor fear, 
q.u5 se cunque tapir tempestas, to credit all, examine nothing, and yet ready 
to die before they will adjure any of'those ceremonies to which they haro 
been accustomed ? others out of hypocrisy frequent serinons, knock their breasts, 
tarn up their eyes, pretend zeal, desire reformation, and yet professed usurers, 
griFers , monsters of men, harpies, devils in their lives, to express nothing less. 
Vhat would he have said to see, hear, and read so many bloody battles, so 
many thousands slain af once, such streams of blood able fo turn mills: unius 
cb noœamfuriasoEue, or to make sport for princes, without any just cause, 
" for vain titles (saith Austin), precedency, some wench, or such like toy, or 
out of desire of domineering, vain glory, malice revenge, folly, Inadnea," 
(goodly causes all, rb quas universus orbis blis et cœedibus misceatur,) whilst 
statesmen themselves in the mean time are secure af home, pampered with all 
delights and pleasures, take their ease, and follow their lusts, hOt considering 
what intolerable misery poor soldiers endure, their often wounds, hunge; 
thirst, &c., the lamentable cares, totnents, calamities, and oppressions that 
accompany such proceedinga, they feel hot, take no notice of if. So wars 
are begun, by the persuasion of a few debauched, hair-brain, poor, dissolute, 
hungTy captains, parasitical fawners, unquiet Hotspurs, restless innovators, 
green heads, to satisfy one man's private spleen, lust, ambition, avarice, &c.; 
tales çapiunt scelerata n roel-ia causæ. Jlos homnum» proper men, well 
proportioned, carefully brought up, able both in body and mind, sound, led 
ike so many «beasts fo the slaughter in the flower of their years, pride, and 
full strength, without all remorse and pity, sacrificed fo lluto, killed up as 
so many sheep, for devils' food, 40,000 af once. Af once, said I, that were 
tolerable, but these wars last alway and for many ages; nothmg so familiar 

! Dura slmu|ant apernere, aeqn|slvernnt s|bi 30 annorum apat|o bis centena milllalibrarurn annn&. Arno!d. 
mEC qunm interdiu de virtute loquuti unt, ero in latibuli cIune agitant labore nocturno, Agrypps- 
 ! Tim. iii. 13. But thev hall prevail no longer, their rnadness shall be known to all rnen. . Benignitatis 
inus olebat esse, nunc htltm ofltcin& curi& Romans. Budoeu. • Quid tib! vldetur facturus Democritus 
si horum spectator contigtaset ? * Ob inanes dltlonum titalos, oh prereptum Iocum, ob interceptam 
nulierculam, vel quod e stultitia naturn vel e malitia, quod cupitto dominandi» libido nocendi &c. , Bel. 
lum rem plane belluoe nain voc&t Morus. Utop. lib. 2. 



emocr;tus fo the J2eader. 

as this hacking and hewing, massacres, murders, desolations--gnoto cve[um 
dangore remugit, they cure hot what mischief they procure, so that they 
enrich themselves for the present; they will so long blow the coais of con- 
tention, till ail the world be consumed with tire. The «siege of Troy l:.sted 
ten yem, eight months, there died 870,000 Grccians, fiç0,000 Troj.ns, at the 
taki»g of the city, and after were slain 27fi,000 men, women, aud childre 
of ail sorts. Ctesar killed a million, "l[ahomet the second Turk, 300,000 
persons ; Sicinius Dentatus fought in a hundred battles, eight rimes in single 
combat he overcame, had forty wounds before, wa.s rewarded ,vith ! 0 crowns, 
triumphed nine rimes for his good service. 1. Sergius had 32 wounds; 
Scoeva, the Centurion, I know hot how many; every nation had their 
1 [ectors, Scipios, Cmzars, and Alexanders! Ont 'Edward the Fourth was la 
26 battles afoot: and as they do all, he glories in if, 'is related fo his honour. 
t the siege of Hierusalem, 1,100,000 died with sword and famine. Ai the 
battle of Cannas, 70,000 men were slain, as *Polybius records, and as many 
ai Battle Abbey with us; and 'ris no news to fight from sun to sun, as they 
did, as Constantine attd Licinius, &c. t the siege of Ostend (the devil's 
academy) a poor town in respect, a sraall fort, but a great grave, 120,00t 
me lost their listes, besides whole tontons, dorpes and hospitais fuil of raaimed 
s,»ldiers; there vere engines, fire-works, and vhat.seeve the devil eodd 
Jurent to do mischief with 2.500,000 iron bullets shot of 40 pounds weight, 
three or four millions of gold consume& "'Who (saith mine author) cau 
be sufl]ciently amazed at thctr flinty hearts, obstinacy, fury, blindness, who 
vithout any likelihood of good sawcess, hazard poor soldiers, and lead them 
without pity to the slaughter, which may justly be called the rage of furims 
beasts, that run without rcason upon their own deaths :" Tqu/s mdus 9enius, 
q,we fttria, quee lotis, &c.; wha* plague, what fnry brought so devilish, so 
brutish a thing as war first into men's minds Who ruade so soft and peace- 
able a creature, born to love merey, meekness, so to rave, rafle like beasts, 
and run on to their own destnwtion  how may nature expostulate with man- 
kind, 1.Eo te divinum aninm[finxi, &c.  I ruade thee an harmless, quiet, a 
divine creature: how may God expostulate, aml ail good men  yet, horum 
fit«ta (as :one condoles) tantm admirantur, et heroum umero habent: these 
are the brave spirits, the gallants of the morld, these admired alone, tfiumph 
alone, have satues, crowns, pyt'amids, obelisks to their eternal lame, that im- 
"raortal genius attends on them, hâc itur ad astra. XVhen Rhodea ,vas besieged, 
fossoe urbis adaveribus repletoe surir, the ditches were full of dcad carcasses: 
and as when the said Solyman, great Turk, beleaguered Vienna, they 
level with the top of tbe wall This they mak a spol of, and will do it 
to their friends and confederates, against oaths, vows, promises, by treaebery 
or othcrwise; • dolus an zirt 1 quis in hoste ruizat I leagaxes anti 
laws of arms, (r sil, ent leges in" arma,) for their advantage, o»nna jura, div6ut, 
Iumana, proculcata plrumque surir; God's and men's laws are trampled 
nnder foot, the sword alone determines ail ; fo satisfy their lns$ and spleen, 
they tare hot what they attempt, say, or do, "Rarafidez, probitasue viris qui 
tastra se,luuntur. Iqothing so common as to bave « "athcr fight against the 
son, brother against brother, kinsman against kinsman, kingdom against king- 
dom, province against province, christians against christians :" a quibus 
noEuam cogitatione]'uert lces, of whom they never had ofiènce in though*., 

 Munster. Cosmog. 1.5, e. 3. E. Dlct. Cteten, t OEovlus vit. e.  Cine. * LII,. 3. 
 Hist. of the siege of ten fol. .  Erm  beo. Ut iaidum iud animal benevolenti 
nature tm fe vrdoE  mum et piciem.  Rich. Doth. Pft. BeA etvoE 
 Jovius. a Dol pe In Jtia propri beHom netia. TeuL • Tly. ffi Lum • Pater 
In fili affinis  a, amic  micum, &c. Ro cure rion re ro coit oput 
poço In mutuam çicte beur r solete enum. 



D«ocrft o te Rder. 29 

word or deed. Infinite treasurcs consumed, towns burned, flourishing citics 
sacked and linated, twdqz ani»tus merninisse ]wrret, goodly countries 
depopulated and left desolate, old inhabitants expcllcd, trade and traffic 
decayed, maids deflowcred, irgln nondt«m t/lam jugatoe, et com 
posit epltoebi; chute matrons cry out with Andromache, * Conct«bitum x 
cogar pari ej, Œt«i in,ferait IIoetorent, they shall be compelled peradventure 
tolie th them that erst killcd their husbands : to see rich, poer, sick, sound, 
lords, servants, eodent o»tnes i»tcont»wdo cti, oensumed all or maimed, &c. 
Et quiu gau scelere animus audet, et Trversa ns, saith Cyprian, and 
whatever torment, misery, mischie hell itself, the dcvil, fury and rage 
can iuvcnt to their owa ruin and destruction ; so abominable a thing  Cwar, 
as GerbeSus concludes, adeo fœeeda et abo»ti»n res est bellam,  q«o hominu 
coes, vast, &c., the sCOUle of God, cause, effect, fruit and punishment 
of sin, and hOt tou.ra hu»tani ge»is, a Tertullian calls it, but raina. Had 
Demritus becn preut af the late civil wars in France, those abominable 
wars llaque mat.ribus d«stata, "awherc, in lc than tcn years, ten thou- 
sand meu wer consumed, saith Colliius, 20 thousand churches overthrown; 
nay, the whole kiltgdom subvertcd (ma" Richard Dinoth adds). So many 
myriads of the commons were butchcoed u]), with sword, amine, war, tanto 
odio t«tr[que ut barboEri ad abhorrenda»t launam obstupce, with such 
tral hatred, the wodd was amazed at it : or at our late Phamalian fields lu 
the time of Henry the Sixth, betwixt the boxes of Lancter and York, a hun- 
dred thousand meu slain, Toue writes; tanother, teu thousand mili we 
rooted out, "That no man can but marvel, saith Comine, at that barbamus 
immanity, ferai madncss, committed betwixt men of the saine nation, lan- 
guage, and religion." gQuisfar, 0 ds? "Why do the Gentiles so furi- 
ously rage," ith the Prophet David, Psal. il. 1. But we may ask, why do 
the Christiaus so furiously rage?  Ar»ta volunt, qre poscmtt, rapiun 
q juvtus?" Unfit for Gentils, much lcss for us so to tyrannize,  the 
Spaniard in the West Indics, that killed up in 42 years (" we may believe 
 artholomœeus à Casa, the own bishop) 12 millions fmea, with stupend and 
exquisite torments ; neithcr should I lie (said he) if I said 50 mlions. I omit 
those French massacre¢ Sicflian evenson, tthe Duke of Alva's tyrannie, 
our gunpowder machinations, and that ibm'th fury, as kone cMls it, thc Spanish 
iuquisition, wch quite oboeuls those ten pemccutio, t--soEUr rot,» Mars 
impi be. Is hot this "mmdas]h.rios, a mad world, as he terres it, 
insatum llum? are hot these mad men, as Scaliger oencludes, qui 
prœelio erbd orte, isaniœe suœe »tia» pro TeTetuo reste »dinçumt 
Tosterltati; which leave m iqucnt battles, as perpetual memorials of their 
madness to all succeeding agcsI Would this, thilk you, have eorced our 
Democritus to laughter, or rathcr ruade him turn his tune, ter lfis tone, and 
weep with = Heraditus, or rather howl, "roar, and tear his hair in oemmm- 
tion, stand amazed; or as the poets feign, that iobe w for grief quim 
stupified, and turned to a stone? X bave hot yet id the worst, that which 
is more absu and » mad, in their tumfloE, seditions, civil and unjust wars, 
« quod stuhè sdTitur, imTiè yeritur» miserèfititur. uch wars I me ; for 

* Libanii dcclam, b h'a enim et furor Bellonoe consultorea, &e., dementes sacerdotes surir. * Bellum 
quasi bellua et ad omnia scelera fuxor immissus, d Gallormn decies centum mi|lia cecidcrunt. Ecclesim'um 
20 millia fundamentis excisa, • Belli eivilis Gai. 1. 1 hoc ferai| bcllo et ooedibus omnia repleverunt, et 
regnum amllissimum à fundamenti. pcne everterunt, p|ebis rot myrlades gladio, bel]o, faine miserabiliter 
perierunt. "[" Pont. ldutertLç, rComineus. Ut nullus non execrtur et admiretur crudelitatem, et b.tr. 
baram iusanlam, quœe inter homines eodem sub coelo natos, ejusde m llnguoe, sanguixds, religion|s, exercebamr. 
s Lucan. :[: Virg. " Bishop of Cuseo, an eye-witncss.  Resd blcterml of his stupend cruclties. 
 Hensius Austriaco. ! V|rg. Georg. "lrnpious war rages throughout the whole world."  Jansenits 
Gallobelgicxs 1.536. Mundus fm'iosus, inscript|o librl, § Exercitat. 250. serra. 4. n Fleat Heraclitus an 
rideat Demoritu,% oCurœe leves loquuntur, ingentes stul)cnt, • Ana amens Calio, nec at rationie in 



3O 

Democritua to the Ieader. 

al] are hot fo be condemned, as those fantstieal anabaptists vainly conceive. 
Out Chrtian tactics aie ail out as neeesary as the oman acies, or Grecin 
phalanx; to be a sohlier is a most noble and honourable profe.ion (as the 
world is), not to be spared, they a:e our best walls and bulwarks, and I do 
therefore acknowledge that of *Tully to be most true, "Ail out civil afiairs, 
ail out studios, ail otu" pleading, industl T, and commendatiou lies under the 
protection of warlike virtues, and whensoever there is any suspicion of tumult, 
ail our arts cease;" wars are most behovefifl, et belhores agricolis civitati su 
utiliores, as TTyrius defcnds: and valour is much fo be commcnded in a wiso 
man ; but they mistake most part, aufer'e, trucidare, 'apere, falxs nominibus 
"rtuent vocant, &e. 'Twas Galgacus' observation in Tacitus) they terre thcft, 
murder, and rapine, virtue, by a wrong name, rapcs, slaughters, massacres, 
&e. jocus et ludus, are l«tty pstimes, as .udot.icus lïves notes. "'They 
commonly call the most hair-brain blood-suckers, strongest thieves, the most 
desperate villains, treacherous rogues, inhuman murderers, rash, cruel and 
dissolute caitiffs, courageous and generous spirits, heroical and worthy Cal 
tains, n brave men at arms, valiant and renowned soldiers, possessed with a 
brute persnasion of false honour," as lontus Hutcr in his Bul'guudian history 
complains. Iy means of which it cornes to pass that daily so many volunta- 
ries offer themselves, leaving their sweet wives, children, fSends, for aixpenco 
(if they can get it) a day, prostitute their lires and limbs, desire to enter upon 
breaches, lie sentinel, perdue, give the first onset, stand in the fore front of the 
battle, marching bravely on, with a cheerfLfl noise ofdtms and trumpets, such 
vigour and alacrity, so many banners ztreaming in the air, glittering armours, 
motions of plumes, woods of pikes, and swords, variety of colours, cost and 
aagnilicence, as ifthey went in triumph, now victors to the Capitol, and with 
uch pomp, as whcn Darius' army marched to meet Alexander af Issus. Void 
of ull fear they run into imminent dangers, cannon's mouth, &c., u$ vulneribus 
$eisfeum lwstlum hebeten, saith Darletius, to get a naine of valour, honour 
and applause, which lasts hot neither, for it is but a mere flash this £tme. and 
like a rose, intra diem unum exinguitur, 'tis gone in an instant. Of 15,000 
1,roletaries slain in abattle, scarce fifteen are recorded in history, or one alone, 
lhe General perhaps, and after a while his mad their names m'e likewise blot- 
ted out, the 'hole battle itself is forgotten. Those Grecian orators, summa v/ 
i'agenil et eloqueniœe, set out the renowned overthrows at 2'herernopylœe, Sala- 
mis, JIarathon, Micale, 2[antlnea, C]wrooea, Plata. The Romans record 
their battle at Cannas, and I-'harsalian flelds, but they do but record, and we 
scarce hear of them. And yet this supposed honour, popular applause, desire 
o immortality by this means, pride and vain-glory spur them ou mmy rimes 
rashly and unadviscdly, to make away themselves and multitudes of other. 
Alexander was somT, because thcre were no more worlds for him to conquer, 
he is admired by some for if, aninwsa vo videtur, et reçU, 'tvas spoken likea 
l'rince; but as wise «Seneca censures him, 'twas vox niquissima et sultissima, 
"twaa spoken like a ]edlam fool ; and that sentence ,hich the saine "Seneca 
appropriates to his father lhilip and him,  apply to them all, Z'on minores 
fiére pestes mortaliu»z quàm inundatio, quàm conflagratl'o ' quibus, &c. they did 
as much mischief to mortal men as tire and water, those merciless elements 
when they rage.  Which is yet more to be lamented, they persuade them this 

Pro Mnres. Omea xybanoe res, la dl omn fors]aus et lndusa ]atet in tute]a et prldio 
clhcoe rtut et simul tue cpt suspicio tumultùs t ico noaoe conticescunL  S. 1. 
Crudelimos toeoue lao foimos habe propuator fldiim duc haben% b 
iuione douati.  Eob He. Quibu* o   vi plet, non  juvat t«t ort 
t.e put tam, q non ueveri a. ¢ LiU. 10. vit. Snperbeg. d 1, btior 
LabitL q qui in pri oecident. E de p. Pem. l. 3. 1. 3. . Im LacnU de 
l.om t Urç. Idem Ai b. . de Pth. Judicat la sol bs «--- -- . - 
dt. nef. Hb 2 c I Nat qt Hb 3 «te,-* ...... us, qmmproeHo 
 P  L. dea rg. 1.1. c. & 



D mocitus to t I,.r. 31 

laellish course of life is holy, they promiœe heaven to such as ventlre their 
lires bdlo sacro, and that by these bloody wars, asPersians, Greeks, and Romans 
of old, as modern Turks do now their commons, to encourage them to fight, 
caoent ioEdiciter. " If they die in the ficld, they go directly fo heaven, and 
hall be c;monized for sailts." (O diabolical invention !) put in the Chroni- 
cles, in perpetuan 'ei me»wrlmn, to their eternal memory : when as in truth, as 
• some hold, if were much better (since wars are the scourge of God f,,r sin, 
by which he punisheth mortal men s peevishness and folly) such brutish stories 
were suppressed, because ad wrum instituti mem nihil habent, they conduce hot 
at all to manners, ox good life. But they will have it thus nevertheless, and 
so they put note of "divinity upon the most cruel and ernicious plague of 
human kind," adore such men with grand titles, dcgrees, statues, images, 
honour, appland, and highly reward them for their good service, no greater 
glory than to dio in the field. o Af»icanus is extolled by Eunius: lIa, and 
aHerculez, and I know not how many besides of old, were deified; went this 
way to heaven, tlmt were indeed bloody butchers, wicked des.troyers, and 
troublers of the world, prodious monsters, hell-hounds, feral plagues, devour- 
ers, common executioners of human kind, as Lactantius truly proves, and 
Cyprian to Donat, such a.s were dcsperate in wam, and l,recipitately ruade away 
themselves, (like those Celtes in Damascen, with ridiculons valour, ut dedecoro- 
sure putarent muro uenti se subducere, a disace to run away f,r  ratten 
wall, now ready to fall on their heads,) such as will hot rush on a sword's point, 
or seek to shun a cannon's shot, are base cowal'ds, and no valiant men. 
which means» J[adet orbis mutuo anguine, the earth wallows in ber own blood, 
• ,bvit anwrferri e scelerati insania belli ; and for that, which if it be done in 
private,  man shall be rigorously executed, "and which is no less than mur- 
der itsêlf; if the saine fact be done in public in wars, it is calld manhood, and 
the party is honoured for it." P,rosperun etfvelix scdus, virtus vo¢atur. 
We measure all as Turks do, by the event, and most pmi, as Cyprian notes, 
in all ages, countries, places, scevitice nagnitudo impunitatem sceleris acquirit, 
the foulness of the fact vindicates the ofinder.  One is crowned for that 
for which another is tormented: llle crucen sce'is pretiura tulit, hic diadema ; 
ruade a knight, a lord, an earl, a gtat duke, (as °A'ippa notes) for which 
another should bave hung in gibbets, as a tcrror to the rest, 
__ « t et tamen airer, 
Si feciet idem, caderet aub judlce moram." 
A poor sheep-stcaler is hanged for stealing of victuals, compelled peradven- 
turc by necessity of that intolerable cold, hunger, and thirst, to save himself 
from starving : but   greag man in office may securely rob 'hole provinces, 
undo thousands, pill and poll, oppress ad l-ibitum, fle, grind, tyrannise, enrich 
llimself by spoils of the common8, be uncontrollable in his actions, and after 
all, be recompensed with turgent titles, honoured for his good service, and 
no man dare find fault, or  mutter at it 
How would our Democritus bave been affected to sec  wicked caitiff, or 
" fool, a very idiot, a funge, a golden ass,  monster of men, to bave many 
good men, wise men, learacd men to attend upon him with all submission, as 

s Quonlam be]]s acerblsslms De! flage]]s unt qulbus homInum pertlnaciam punit, es perpetuî obllvlone 
• epeliends potius quam memorioe msndanda plerique judicant. Rich. Dinoth. proef, his'.. Gai|.  Cru- 
entam humani generis pestera et perniciem divinitati not ins|gniunt.  Et quod dolendum, spp]ausum 
habent et occursum viri raies.  Herculi eadem porta ad coelum patuit qui magnam generis humani 
partem Ierdidit. 'irg. 'neid. 7. b Homicidium quum committunt sinffali, crimen est, quum 
-ublicè ge«ltur, virtus vocatur. Cyprlanus. • Senecs. Successful vice i ca]led virtue.  Juven. 
• le vanlt. cient. de princip, nobilitatis, tJuven. Sat. . g Psuss rapit, quod Nstta reliquit. Tu. 
pcimu omuium lstro ,*% as Demetrins the Pirate told Alexander In Cuytius.  Non ausi mutire, &c. 
.:sop. qmprobum et stultum, si divitem multos bono viros in ervitutem habentem, oh id duntaxat 
quod e! ¢ontingat aurorum uumimatum cumalas, ut aœeleaàice et adàitamea aumimatum, ttoru 



3 

D'mocritu o the Reder. 

an appendix fo his riches, for that respect alone, because he bath more wealth 
and money,  and fo honour him with divine titles, and bombast epithcts," to 
smother him with fumes and eulogies, vhom they know to be a dizzard, a fool, 
a covetous wretch, a beast, &c., "because he is rich?" To see sub exuviis 
leonis onagrum, a filthy loathsome carcase, a Gorgon's head puffed up by para- 
sites, assume this unto himself, glorious titles, in worth an infant, a Cuman 
ass, a painted sepulchre, an Egyptian temple? To sec a withercd face, a 
diseased, dcformed, cankered complexion, a rotten carcass, a viperous mind, 
and Epicurean soul set out with orient peads, jewels, diadems, peoEumes, 
curious elaborate works, as proud of his clothes as a child of his new coats; 
and a goodly person, of an angel-like divine countenance, a saiat, an humble 
mind, a meek spirit clothed iu rats, beg, and now ready to be starved  To 
see a silly contemptible sloven in apparel, ragged in his coat, pnlite in speech, 
of a divine spirit, wise? another neat in clothes, spruce, full of courtesy, 
empty of grace, wit, talk nonsense 
To see so many lawyers, advocates, so many tribunals, so little justice ; so 
many mastrates, so little care of common good ; so many lavs, yet nevr 
more disorders; Tribunal litium segetem, the Tribunal a labyrinth, so many 
thousand suits in one court sometimes, so violently followed 
tissimum swp juri proesidentem, mpium religioni, imperitissimum eruditioni, 
otiosissimum labor, monstrosum humanitati? to sec a lamb 'exccuted, a wolf 
pronounce sentence, latro armigned, and fur sit on the bcncb, tbe judgo 
severcly punish others, and do worse himself, eundnf, wtumfacere et punire, 
°apinant pletere, qmm sit ipse rapttn" ? Laws altered, misconstrued, inter- 
preted pro and con, as the ° Judge is ruade by friends, bribed, or otherwise 
affected as a nose of wax, good to-day, none to-morrow; or firm in his opinion, 
cast in his  Sentence prolongcd, changed, ad arbitrlumjudicis, still the saine 
case, "r one thrust out of his inheritance, another çalsely put in by £vour, 
fdse forged deeds or wills." lwisoe leges negliguntur, laws are made and not 
kept; or if put in execution,  they be some silly ones that are punishe& As 
lmt case it be fornication, the fatber will disinherit or abdicate his child, quite 
cashier him (out, villain, begone, come no more in my sigl,t); a poor man 
is miserably tormented with Ioss of his estate perhaps, goods, fortunes, good 
naine, for ever disgraced, forsaken, and must do penance to the utmost; a 
Inortal sin, and yet make the worst of i., nunquid aliud.feclt, saith Tranio in 
the "poet, nlsi quodfaciunt summis nati generbus ? he hath donc no more than 
what gentlemen usually do. ° ffeque novum, lue mirum, neque secus quam 
«Iii so&nt. For in a great person, right worshipful Sir, a right honourable 
Grandy, 'tis hot a venial sin, no, hot a peccadillo, 'tis no offence at all, a coin- 
mon and ordinary thing, no man takes notice of it; ho justifies if in public, 
and peradventure brags of it, 
«t Nain quod tarpe bonis, Titlo, Seloque dccel)at 
Crispinum" 
For what wouid be base in good men, Titius, an(] Seius, became Crlspinus. 
 Many poor mon, younger brothcrs, &c., by reason of bad policy and idle 
education (for they are likely brought up in no calling), are compelled to beg 
er steal, and tben hanged for theft; than which, what can bc more ignominious, 
on mimts enim turjeprincipi multa supplicia, uàm medico multa fnera, "ris 

• Eorumq detestantttr Utopienses lnsanlam, qul divinos honores Ils impertiunt, quos sordidos et avaro 
anoscunt; non alio respecte honorantes quam quod dites sint. Idem. iib. 2. i Cyp. 2. ad 
Donat. ep. Ut reus innocens pereat, sit nocens. Judex damnat foras, quod intu operatur, m Sidonius 
Apo.  Salvianus 1. & de providen, o Ergo Judicium nihil est nisl publics merces. Petronius. Qeid 
faciant ]eges ubl SOja pecunia regnat ? Idem.  Hic arcentu hoereditatibus liberi, hic donatur bonis alienia, 
falsum consuiit, alter testamentum corrumpit, &e. Idem. q Vexat censurà columbas, • Plaut. mostel. 
• Idem. t Juven. Sat. 4.  Quod rot sint fures et mendlcl, rnagistratuum cuip flt qui ma]os imltatur 
prcel)tore. % qui discApuios libentiu verbernt auam docent. Mot n Utou. llb. i. 



Denwc'ilus o tle Reler. 33 

tbe governor°s la, dt. Libenliù.ç verbcr, quàm docent, as schoolm-ters do 
ther oerrect the pupils, thm tcach them when they do am. " They 
lmd more need provide there should be no more thiev and beggam, as they 
ought th goed policy, and take away the oions, than let them run on, 
they do fo their own destrtmtion : root out likÇwise the OEuses ofangling, a 
multitude of lawye, and oempose ntrovemies, li ltr  sr, by 
me more compendious mns." emas now for eve y and tfle they ga 
to law, rmug litib ianum fom,  s {nv&n dcdantium 
they are ready to lmll out one another's throats; and for commodity ""to 
squeeze blood," saith Hicmm, "out of their bmther's beaU," deçame, lie, 
dgmce, bkbite, rail, br false wit.ne, swr, fomwear, fight and ngle, 
spend their goeds, liv, foune, fiends, undo one another, to enrich an 
hay adroite, that preys upon them both, and ces 
Xantippe; or me corrupt Judge, that e the "Kite  p, while thv 
mouse and frog foght, caied both away. Genely they prey one upoa 
another  so many ravenous birds, brute beasts, devom'ing fishes, no mediu 
n  aut captantur a captant; a cva  antur, a 
qui erant, either deoeive or be deceived ; r othem or be to  pieces 
themselv; like so many buckets in a well, as one seth another alleth, one's 
empty, another's fidl; h in la a ladder to the trd ; such are o orna 
pmceedin. What's the market A place, acoeg to Anacbamis, where 
they cozen one another, a tp; nay, what's the world itoe  a A vt chs, 
a confimion ofmanners,  fickle as tbe a, domlium ianm, a trbulen$ 
troop f@ of impurities, a ma of walking spirits, goblins, the theatre of hyp 
cy, a shop of knave, flatte, a nurse of vfllany, the scene of babbling, 
the schoel of giddine, the academy of ce ; a waare, i vel lg 
dura, sut as aut sucmbas, in which kl or be kiHed; wherein eve m 
la for himself,  private ends, and snds un h own d. o charity, 
"love, friendship, fear of God, Mliance, affinity, conninity, cistianity, 
oentain them, but if they be any ways offended, or that string of commodity be 
touched, they all foul. Old ends become bitter enemi on a sudden for 
ys and small offences, and they that emt were wng  do all mural offic 
of love and kindness, now revile and persecute one another  dth, with more 
than Vatinian tred, and wHl not be reoencHed. So long  they are behove], 
they love, or may beste each other, but when there is no more good  b 
expected,  they do by an old dog, bang him xp or hier him : which tCa 
mts a eat decom, to use men like old sh or broken gles, which 
are flung  the dungh; he could not find in his h fo sert an old o much 
less fo tu away an old seant: but they instd of reoempenoe, revile him, 
and when they bave ruade him an tment of the villany, 
cond Emperor of the Turks d by Aoemethes B, make h away, or 
instd of rewa, hate him to death,  Sius w ed by Tiberius. In a 
word eve man for his o ends. Out mmum boeum  oemmodity, and 
the dde we adora Des a, Queen money, fo whom we daily offer 
fioe, which steers our hs, hand affections, all: tbat mo powegtd 
godde, by whom we are rear, depsed, elevated, *esemed the le 
rommandr of out actions, for which we pray, , ride, , oeme, labour, 

= Decernuntur furl gravis et horrenda .upplicia, quum potiu$ provldendum multJ foret ne fures sint, ne 
tmiquam tarn dira furandi sut pereund| Bit necessitas. Idem. » Botertts de augment, urb. lib. 3. cap. 
• t: fraterno corde sangulnern eliciunt, • Milvus tapir ac deglubit, b Petroni de Crotone civlt. 
• Quid forum  locus quo alius aiium circumvenit, a Vstum chaos, larvarum emporium, theatrum 
hypocrislos, &c. • Nemo coelum, nemo jusjurandum, nemo Jovcm plttris facit, sed omnes apertis oculi$ 
hona sus cornputant. Perron. tPlutarch, vit. ejus. Indecorum animatis ut calceiB uti sut vitTiS quœe uld 
fracts abJicimus, nain ut de meipso dicam, nec bovem senem vendideram, nedum hominem natu grandem 
]aboris socinm, • Jovius. Cure innumera illius beneflcia rependere non posset aliter, inter/ici ussit. 
" Beneflcia eo uque Iœeta sunt dura videntur oivt posse, ubi multum antevenere pro gratia odium reàtr. 
Ta Paucis chaxior oet rides quam pectmia. SI.  l13ma fere vota et cunct &c. 
D 



34 Democrtus te the Re«der. 

and contend as fishes de for a crumb that falleth into the water. It°s net wortlh 
via-tue, (that's boum theatrale,) wisdom, valeur, learning, honesty, religion, or 
any sutïieieney for whieh we are respected, but qnoney, greatness, ofee, 
honour, authority ; honesty is aceounted folly ; knavery, poliey;  mon admired 
out of opinion, net as they are, but as t]ley seem te be: such shifting, lying, 
eogging, idotting, counterl, lotting, temporizing, flatterie,g, cozening, di.sem- 
bling, "that of neeessity one muet highly offend God if ho be conïormable t« 
the world," Cretir« cure Crete, "or elze lire in eontempt, disgrace and 
misery." Cee takes upon him temperanee, holiness, another austerity, a thh'd 
an affected kind of aimplieity, when as indeed ho, and ho. and ho, and the test 
are '" *hypocrites, ambidexters," out-sides, se many turning pietures, a lion on 
the cee side, a lamb oa the other.P Jov woul'3 Dcmoeritus bave been affeeted 
te sec these things! 
Te sec a man ttwa himself into ail shapes liko a etmelion, or as Proteus, 
omnla trans.fornars sese in miracula rerum, te set twenty paoEs and persons at 
once, for his advantage, te temporize and vary like ]Iercm T the Planer, good 
with good; had with bad; having a several face, garb, and character for every 
one he meets; of ail religions, humours, inelinations; te fawn like a spaniel, 
mentitls et mimicls obsequiis, rage like a lion, bark llke a cul fight like a dragon, 
sting like a serpent, as meek as a lamb, and ye$ again grin like a figer, weep 
like a crocodile, insnlt over seine, and yet ot.hers domineer over him, here 
eommand, there crouch, tyrannize in one place, be baffied in anothe; a wiso 
man st home» a fool abroad te make other- mela'y. 
Te sec se much difference betwix$ words and deeds, se many parasanga 
betwixt tongue and heart, men like stage-players act variety of parts, Ogive 
good preeepts o others, soar alofe, xvhilst they themselves grove] cil tho ground. 
Te sec a man protest friendship, kiss his hand, quer ¢nallet runeaua 
vider«, "smile with an intent te de misehief, or cozen him whom ho salure% 
« magnify his friend unworthy with hyperbolical eulogiums; his enemy albeit 
a good man, te vilify and disgraee him, yea ail lais actions, with the utmost 
that livor and malice ean inverti. 
Te sec a servant able te buy out his mazter, him that carries the mate more 
worth than the magisgrate, whieh Plato lib. ] 1, de leg., absolutely forbids, 
:Epietetus abhors. A home that tills the land fed with ehaff, an idle jade 
bave provender in abundance; him that makes shoes go barefoot himself hita 
thaç oeils meat almost pined; a toiling duadge starve, a drone flourish 
Te sec mon buy smoke for wares, castles builç with fools' heads, mort 
like apes follow the faslfions in rires, gestures, actions: if the king laugh» 
all laugh  
a, • 12ides majore chachlnno 
Concutitur» flet ai l&chr.vmas eaaspexit amiiL" 
"*Alexander stooped, se did his courtiers; All,honsus turned his head, and se 
did his parasites. "Sabine Poppea, Tero's wife, wore amber-eolomd hai; 
se did all the t'oman ladies in aax instant, ber tazhion was heirs. 
Te sec mon wholly led by affection, admired and eensured ou of opinion 
without jud-mae,,t: an ineoasiderate mulçitude, like se many dogs in a village, 
i Et genna t tormam rena peeunla donat, qaantum qalsque ana nammorurn aervat te arcs, tanturn 
habet et fldei, m lqon à periti/t sed ab ornattt et vulgi vocibus habemur excellentes. Cardan. 1.2. de 
cons. • PerJurata sue postponit numiaa lucr 5Iercator. Ut tecessariurn ait vol Deo displiccr vol a 
homtnlbus eontemni, vexart, negligL * Qui urios simulant et Baechanalia Viv-  e, . b 
airelles vol centauria, eursum homines, deorsttm eouL q Proec,,,; .... ; ...... "-- .. P tragelapho 
lmlvens" terrent vttia mancipm. --; Eneas Sil-. a A rrideè'i''ûtï ¢,anh-Pr°.m.tunt'vmndiritpSiut interim fa, llant. 
Cyp. ad Donatum. * Lïe and hate ar.e like the two ends of a perspective glaas, the Cee mnlti " . 
ether mtkes less. linistri locupletiorea ils quiuus ministratur net-vus : ....... phes. the 
" ." q..e.a c.es aiiis faeit. Jucen De yotl langht 13e isshaken bystill ......... ' .calceat te 
aise wnen ne nas oeneld the tears o! his frtend '* Bodin lib 4 a^ «nh ¢.ter mggnter : e weepa 
- - . - - • •. - -  • -p..-, cap. . ffi Phniu.s L  " 
¢atlloa habmt aucctaeo exta4e tactum ut otaries l, ue11 £onaa oloreta i11tt,a affectareat. 7. cap. ;L 



l)emcr[tus fo te Reader. 35 

if one bark all bark withotta cause: as fortune's thn turns, if a man be in 
favour, or commanded by some gatone, all the world applauds himl rif in 
dJ%,race, in an instantail hate him, and as afthe sun when he is edipscd, 
thatersttok no notce, now gaze and stm. upon him. 
To see a man "wear his brains in his belly, his guts in his head, an 
hundd oaks on his back, f devour a hundmd oxen af a meal, nay more, 
fo dcvour bouses and towns, or as those anthmpol,hagi , °to eat ono 
another. 
To seo a man roll himself up like a snowball, from base beggary to right 
o-shipful and righthonourable titles, unjustly to scrêw himself into honours 
and offices; another f starve his genius, damn his soul to gather wealth, 
,vhich ho shall hoten jeT, which his prodigal son melts and consumes in an 
instant2 
To see tho ..,sl, of our rimes, a man bend all his forces, means, 
tilne, fortunes, to be a tvourite's tavourite's favourite, &c., a parasite's parasite's 
parasite, that may scorn the servile wodd as having enough ahady. 
To seo an hirsute beggar's brat, that lately fed on scraps, crept and whined, 
crying to ail, and for an old jerkin ran of errands, now rutile in silk and satin, 
bravely mounted, jovial and polite, now scorn his old friends and tmiliars, 
,eglect his kindred, insult over his betters, domineer over ail 
ïo see a scholar crouch and clep to an illitcrate pensant for a ments meat; 
a scrivener better paid for an obligation; a lalconer receive greater wages than 
a student; a lawyer get more in a day than a philopher in a year, better 
rewmxt for an hour, than a scholar for a twelvemonth's study; him that can 
 paint Thais, play on a fiddle, curl hair, &c., sooner get prcfcrmcnt than a 
1,hilologer or a poet. 
To see a fond mother, like 2Esop's ape, hug her child fo dcath, a «witt,»l 
xvink at his wife's honesty, and too perspicuous in all other affail; one stulnble 
at a straw, and leap over a block; rob Peter, and pay Paul; scrape unjust 
sums with one hand, purchase glat manors by corruption, fraud and cozen- 
age, and liberally to distribute to the poor ,vith the other, give a remnan 
to pious uses, &c. Penny wise, pound ibolish; blind men j udge of colours ; 
wise men silent, fools talk ; «l]nd fault with others, and do worse themselves; 
+ denounce tlmt in public which he doth in secret aud which Aurelius ¥ictor 
gives out of AugusttLs, severely censure that in a third, of which he is most guilty himself. 
To sec a poor fellow, or an hid seant venture his lifê for his new toaster 
that will scarce give him his wages afyear's end ; A countt T colorie til and 
moil, till and drudge for a prodigal idle drone, that devours all the gain, or 
l.seiviously consumes with phantastical expences; A noble man in a bravado to 
encounter death, and for a small flash of honor to cast away himself; A world- 
ling tremble afan executor, and yetnot fear hcll-fire; To wish and hope for 
immortality, dcsire f be happy, and yetby all means avoid death, a neccssary 
1,assage to bring him to if. 
To see a fool-hardy fellow like those old Danes, qui dcollarl nalunt quam 
verberari, die rather than be punished, in a sottish humour embmce death with 
dacrity, yet °scoru to lainent his own sins and mictoEes, or l dearest friends' 
delrtures. 

• Odit damnato$. Sur. • Agrlppa ep. 28. l. "L Quarum eerebrm est In vene, Ingenlum In pafinlœe. 
l'sal. They car up my people  brcad, b Absumit hoeres cuba tor serva tenture clavibus, et 
cro stinguet pavimeutis superbo, pvntiflcum potiore oenis. Hot. * Qd Thaidem pinger luflare 
tiblam, crispa cn. • Doct ec«are lacunar. « Tuliius. Est entra proprium stuititioe altorum 
c«ere viti obltvtsct suom. Idem Aristippus Charidemo apud Loetauum. Omnino stultitioe cusdam e 
ato, &c.  Execri pabiice quod occtè t. Salvtan itb. de pro. acr ulcisceud vltt qutb ipsi 
• chementer ludulgent. "Adamus ecci. htst. cap. 212. Siquis damnatus fueri ]oet ee gloria est: nain 
I,hrym et planctum Caq ne compunctionum genera quoe ao ubria eecm ira abot D 
nec ro ecca nec ro dct c  c ce 



To sec wise men degraded, fools prefurred, one govern towns and eities, and yet 
a silly woman overrulea him st home; * Command a provinoe, and ye hia o 
ervanta or ehildren prescribe lawa fo him,  Themistocle on did in Grâce; 
"« What I wfll (said he) my moher wl, and what my moher will, my father 
dogh." To e hors ride in a coach, men dw ig ; do devo their 
; towera build mons; children rule; old men go fo sehool; women 
wear the beehea; shoep dem&ish towns, devour men, &e. And in  word, 
the wodd tued upside downward. 0 ivet De»wcritl 
 To inaist in eve pfieular were one of Herculeç labour, ther( 
many ridiculoua instanoE%  motea in the sun. Quantum t in rebus 
(How mu(a vanity there ia in thingsl) And who oen speak ofalll Crimi 
ab u dce omis, take thia for a taste. 
But these are obvio fo sense, trivial and well known, eoEy to be discerned. 
tow would Democritus have been moved, h he sn + the secre of their 
heasl If every man had a window in hia bret, which Momus would haro 
had in Vulcan'a man, or that which Tully so much wished it were written in 
ve man'a fœehead, Qu uisç  relâ sdiret, what he thought ; or 
that if could be effccted in an instant, which Mercm T did by Charon in Lucian, 
by ouchg of his eyes, to make him d mel et dntul rumor et suwos. 
Spes homnnm c, morbos, votumque labor ] a Blind hopes and sh, their thoughta and affai 
È pim toto viitant oethcre eur." Whispe and rumom and those fl)ng r." 
Tha be could bicum obducta8 ora.8 eclude et s«rda cdium rac, 
which  Cyprian desired, on doors and Iock¢ shot bol, m Lucian'a Gallua 
did with a feather of hia il: or Gygea' invisible ring, or some rare pempec- 
tire glma, or Otoustlc, which would ao multiply specie¢ that a man might 
hr and oee all ai once ( Iartianus Capella's Jupiter did in a apr which 
Ira held  his hand, which did prient unto him all t.hag wm daily done upon 
the faoe of the earth), oboervo euckolds" horns, forgeries of alchemists, 
l&ilosopher' stone, new pmjec¢om, &a, and all those worka of darkne, 
tbolish vow¢ hors, fem'a and wishes, wha a deal of laughter would if haro 
afforded He should have aeen windmills in one man's head, an hornet nest 
in another. Or had he been pent with Icaromenippus in Lncian af Jupite:s 
whisperg place, and heard one pmy for ra, another for fair weather; ono 
for hia s, another for his fathea dth, &c. ; "to ask that ai d'a hand 
xvhich they are abmhed any man shod hear :" How would he have been 
confounded SVould he, think you, or any man eloe, aay thut these men were 
well in their wits  sani esse hominis quis sanus jure Ore ? Çall ail 
he hellebore in the Antieyroe cure these meni o sure, "$an acre of belle- 
bore will hot do if." 
That whieh is more fo be lamented, they are mad like Seneea blind woman, 
and 1 hot aeknowledge, or soek for any cure of if, for pa vident nwrbum 
s«um, omn amant. If out leg or arm offend us, we eove by all ruons 
sible fo redress if; *and if we bour of bo&ly disco, we send for a physieian ; 
but for the dissea of the mind we take no notice of them :* Lust harrowa us 
on the one side; en, anger, ambition on the other. We ara torn  pia by 

* Orbi dat lezes foras, vlx famnlum reglt sine strepitu dotal, tQuicqnid ego volo hoe vnlt mater mes, 
et quod mater vult, facit pater, • oves, olim mite peeua, nunc tare indorniturn et edax rit hominea devorent, 
&c. Morua Utop. lib. 1. b Diversos variis tribuit natar& fttrores. "]" Dernoerit. ep. proed. Hos dejerante 
et potantea deprehendet, hos voraente illoe IItigautea, lnsidiaa mollentea, saffragantes, venen& miceatea, in 
amicorum acettsationern subscribentea, boa gloria, fdlos &rnbitione cupiditate, mente cptos, &c. i Ad 
Donst. ep. 2. 1.1. 0 ai posses in specula subliml constitutu &c. k Lib. 1. de nup. Pifilol. in qua quhl 
singull natlonum populi qnotidianis rnotibus agitareut relucebat. I 0 Jupiter contin.-,at rnihi &urum hre- 
diras, &c. Muitos da. Jupiter, anno% Dementia qua.nt& est horninum, turpiima vota diis iususurrnt, ai qui 
admoverlt &urem, conticescunt; et quod scire hommes nolunt, Deo narrant. Senec. ep. 10. 1.1.  Plautua 
$1eneeh. non poteat hoec res Hellebori Jugere obtinerier. - Êoque gravior morbus quo imotior periditan tL 
 Qu loedunt oculos, featinas demere; ai quid est &nirnum, differs cm'andi tempus in annum. Hor. o Si 
caput, crus doler, brachinrn, &c., medlcum accersirnus, tette et honeste si par etimn indttstri4 in aliit| 
Inorbis poaerct, ux. Job. Fcleau Jeauita. lib. 2. de hum. affe, morborumque cura. 



Democrgt.u to the A',ead. 3' 

out passions, as so many wild horses, one in disposition, another in habit; ono 
is melancholy, another mad; rand which of us ail seeks for help, doth acknow- 
ledge his error, or knows he is sick  As that stupid fellow put out the candiÛ 
beeause the biting fleas should hot find him; he shrouds himself in an unknown 
laabit, borrowed titles, because nobody should discern him. Every man thinks 
with himself, Egomet videor mihi sanus, I ara well, I cm wise, and laughs at 
others. And 'ris a general fault amongst them ail, that « which out forefathers 
laave approved, diet, apparel, opinions, humours, customs, manners, we derid 
and reject in our rime as absurd. Old men account juniors ail fools, when they 
are mere dizzards; and as to sailors, terroeue urbesue 'ecedunt-- they 
more, the land stands still, the world bath ranch more wit, they dote them- 
selves. Turks deride us, we them; Italians, Frenchmen, accounting them light 
laeaded fellows; the French scoffagain at Italians, and at their several customs; 
Greeks have condemned ail the world but themselves of barbarism, the world 
as much vilifies them now; we account Germans heavy, dull fellows, explode 
many of their fashions; they as contemptibly think of us; Spaniards laugh at 
ail, and ail again af thcm. So are we fools and ridiculous, absurd in out 
actions, carriages, diet, apparel, customs, and consultations; we "scoff anti 
point one at another, when as in conclusion all are fools, "*and they the 
veriest asses that bide their ears most." A private man if he be resolvcd with 
himself, or set on an opinion, accounts all idiots and asses that are hot affected 
as he is, "nil 'ectum, nisi quod placuit sibi, ducit, that are hot so minded, 
t (quodque volunt hontbws se ene vdle putant,) ail fools that think not as h 
doth: he will hot say with Atticus, Suant quisque sponsam, mihi meam, let 
every man enjoy his owa spouse; but. his aloa¢ is fMr, suus amor, &c., and 
scorns all in respect of himself, °will imitate none, laear none *but himself, as 
lliny said, a law and example to himself. And that which ttippocrates, in his 
epistle to Dionysius, reprehended of old, is verified in out rimes, Quisque i 
alio supeoEuum esse cemset, ipse quod 7wrt habet nec cufat, that which he bath 
hot lfimself, or doth hot esteem, he aeeotmts superfluity, an idle quality, a mere 
foppery in another: like Esop's fox, when he had lost his rail, would have ail 
lais tëllov¢ foxes eut off theirs. The Chinese say, that we Europeaus bave one 
eye, they themselves t,vo, ail the world else is blind: (though  Sealiget 
aceounts them brutes too, merum pecus,) so thou and thy seetaries are only 
wise, others indifferent, the test beside themselves, mere idiots and asses. 
Thus not aeknowledging out owa errors and imperfections, we seeurely deride 
others, as if we aione were fie, and speetators of the test, aceount.ing it an 
excellent thi,g, as indeed it is, Alienâ qvtimum frui insaniâ, to make our- 
selves merry with other men's obliquities, when as he himself is more faulty 
than the test, mutato nomine, de tefabula narratur, he may take himself by the 
nose for a fool; and which one calls maxbnutrt stultiliae specimert, to be 
ridiculous to others, and not go perceive or take notice of it, as Marsyas was 
when he contended with Apollo, non intelligens se deridiculo haberi, saith 
++ Apuleius; 'ris his own cause, he is a convicted madman, as  Atstin well 
infers "in the eyes of wise men and angels lac seems like one, that fo out 
thinking walks with his heels upwards." So thou laughest at me, and Iat the% 
both at a third ; and he returus that of the poet upon us again "ttei mihi 
insanire m aiunt, quum iTsl ultr5 insaniant. We accuse others of madness, 

rEt qlaottlsqli|sqUe arnên es[ qtl êontra o pes[ medlm requ{ra val oeote se oat  elllt 
 &c. Et nos tamen oeos e negamus. Incolum medicum recant. «ens oet stultitiam prisc 
exprobrat. Bnd. de affec, lib. 5. q Sen pro sttis babent Juven. Balth. Coet. 
oech.  Omnium sttilml qui auc studiè test. at. Menip. 
t Pro. • Stim aplun tatlm nclun neminoe reverent, nemm itan, Ipi bl exemplo. 
Plin. ept. llh. 8. ,N alti sapée concedi ne dlre deatur. Aip. Omnis orbis perchio 
a ernls ad Lu$itiam.  2 Florid. w Au,st. Qual in occis 
  oc sapient et angelom q sibi pe aut c psion dominante. 



38 Denwcrlus fo the Rende. 
of folly, and are the veriest dizzards ourselves. For if ]s a grcat s]gn and 
property of a fool (which Eccl. x. 3, points st) out of pride and aelf-conceit. 
to insult, vilify, condcmn, censure, and call other men tools (,Vo v/demus 
manKzœe quod à tergo est) to tax that in others of which we are most iaulty; 
teach that which we follow hot ourselves : For an inconstant man to write of 
constancy; a profane liver preseribe rules of sanctity and piety; a dizznrd him- 
elf make a treatise of wisdom ; or with Sallust fo rail downr]ght st spoilers 
f countries, and yet in * office to be a most grievous poler himself. Thia 
argues weakness, and is an evident sign of such parties' indiscretion. Pcca$ 
uter nostrûm cruce dgnus ? "Who is the fool now" Or else Iradventure 
in some places we are all mad for company, ami so 't]s uot seen, S«ties erroris 
et dementiw, pariter absurditatem et admirationem tollit. 'Tis with us, as if was 
of old (in "Tully's censure af least) with C. Pimbria in Rome, a bold, hair- 
brain, mad fellow, and so esteemed of ail, such only excepted, that vere as 
aad as himself: now in such a case there is "no notice taken of it. 
• ' Nlmltmm Inann pan¢t vldeatnr ; e quod I *' When ail are mad, where ail are like opprest 
lqaxima pars hominum morbo jactatar eodcm." Who can disccrn ont mad man from the re.st 
]3ut put case they do perceive it, and some one be rnanifestly convicted of 
madness,  he now takes notice of his folly, be it in action, gesture, speech,  
vain humour he bath in building, bragging, jangling, spending, gaming, 
courting, scribbling, prating, for which he is ridiculous to others, %n which he 
dotes, he doth aeknowledge as much : yet with all the rhetoric thou hast, thon 
canst not so recall him, but fo the contrary notwithstanding, he xvill persevere 
i his dotage. 'Tis amabl£s insania, et wntis gratisslmus error, so pleasing, 
so delicious, that he d cannot leave it. tic knows lais error, but will hot seek 
to decline if, tell him what the event will be, beggary, sorrow, sickness, d£- 
gmce, shame, loss, madness, yet ""an angry man will prefcr vengeance, a 
l.scivious his whore, a thief his booty, a glutton his belly, before his welfare." 
Tell an epicure, a covetous man, an ambitious man, of his irregular course, 
wean him from if a little, pl  occlistis andci, he cries anon, you bave 
undone him, and as ta "dog to hiz vomir," he returns fo if again; no per- 
suasion will take place, no counsel, say what thou canst, 
u Clame Iicet et mare coelo 
 Conftmda. surdo narra.%"' 
dcmonstrate as Ulysses did to EIpenor and Gryllu, and the rest of 
eompanions, "those swinish men," he is irrefragable in his humour, he will be 
a hog still; bray him in a mortar, he will be the saine. If he be in an heresy, 
or some perverse opinion, settled as some of out iomaorant 1)apists are, eonv]nee 
his understanding, show him the several follies and absurd fopperies of that 
seet, force him fo say, ves vincor, make if as elear as the sun,  he will err 
still, peevish and obstinate as he is; and as he said s/ in lwc erro, libenter 
erro, nec hune errorem aoEerri mihl volo; I will do v. I bave donc, as my 
1,redeoessors bave donc,  and as my frieuds now do: I will dote for eompany. 
Say now, are these men mad or no, //eus age 'espoede ? are they ridieulousi 
cedo uemvls arbitrum, are they sance mentis, sober, wise, and discreet  bave 
they eommon sense i -- * uter est insmtior horura ? I ara of Demoeritus' 

* Oovernor of A|ch y Csesar's apo|ntment..  une ltafls paenlum t inslentlnm rba. n. 
Pro Roio Amcrino, et qu inter omn constat innilmu$, nisi mier eos, qui ip qoque 
Nee t cure insanlentib fer ni o1 relinque Peoni. t Ouoni ....... -"" 
ultitloe qua me lnsanire pu. • Stultum me fateor, lient concedere v Atone 
$co vi proui Irund vam ; foe pr, pis ]am, ambitio hor 
Op &?., om c et accm. Ca. 1.2. de con. terov. vi 11 +A]tho,, .... 
Clem. A]ex. . ou peueb efiamsl er ffi -rly  $_ ..... 



l)enocrttus o t/e leaer. 39 

opinion for my lart, 1 hold them worthy to be laughed st; a company of 
brain-sick dizzards, as mad as °Orestes and Athamas, that they may go "ride 
tho ms;' and ail sali along to tho Anticyroe, in tho "ship of fools" for com- 
pany t.ogether. I need hot much labour to prove this which I say otherwiso 
than thus, mako any solemn protestation, or swear, I think you will believo 
me without an oath; say st a word, are they fools  I refer it to you, though 
you ho likewise fools and madmen yourselves, and I as mari to ask tho ques- 
tion; for what aid out comical Mercuryl 
,t q Justum ab lnJustis petere inslplentla est. 
I'll stand to your censure yet what thik you t" 
]3u forasmuch as I undertook at first, that kingdoms, provinces, famille.q, 
• vere melancholy as well as private men, I will examine them in particular, 
and that which I have hitherto dilated at random, in more general terres, I 
will particularly insist in, prove with more special and evident arguments, tes- 
timonies, illustrations, and that in brief. "Vunc accip« quart deslpiarg omnez 
oeçu« ac tu. ]Iy first arment is bon'owed from Sotomon, an arrew drawn 
out of his sententious quiver, Pro. iii. 7, « Be hot wiae in thine own eyes." 
And xxvi. 12, « Seest thou a man wise in his own conceit  more hope is of 
a fool than of him." Isaiah pronounceth a woe against such men, chap. v. 21, 
« that are wise in their own eyes, and prudent in their own sight." For hence 
we may gather, tbat itis a great offenco, and men are ranch deceived that 
think too well of themselves, an especial argument to convince them of folly. 
]Iany men (saith ° Seneca) « had been without question wiae, had they hot 
had an opinion that they had attained to perfection ofknowledge already, even 
betbre they haxl gone half way," too forward, too ripe, lrveproperi, too quick 
and ready,  cit5 lrudentes, cit5 pii, cit5 mariti, cit patres, cit5 sacerdotes, cit5 
omnes o]ficii capaces et curiosi, they had too good a conceit of themselves, anti 
that marred all; of their worth, valour, skill, art, learning, j ud¢qnent, eloquence, 
their good parts; all their geese are swans, and that manifestly proves them to 
be no better than fools. In former rimes they had but seven wise men, now 
you can scarce find so many fools. Thales sent the golden Tripos, which the 
fishermen found, and the oracle commanded to be " given to the wisest, to 
]ias, ]ias to Solon," &c. If such a thing were now found, we should all fight 
for if, as the three goddesses did for the golden apple, we are so wise: we have 
women politicians, children metaphysicians; every silly fellow can square a 
circle, make perpetual motions, find the philosopher's stone, iuterpret 
Apocalypses, make new Theories, a new system of the world, new logic,.new 
lhilosophy, &c. IVostra urique 'egio, saith "letronius, "our country s so 
full of deified apirits, divine souls, that you may seoner find a god than a man 
amongst us," we think so well of ourselves» and that la an ample testimony 
of much folly." 
])Iy second argument la grounded upon the like place of Scripture, xvhich 
though before mentioned in effect, yet for some reasona la to be repeated 
(and by llato's good leave, I may do it, "¢ "¢ ' '* i, ,) ,, Fools 
(saith David) by tesson of their transgressions," &c. sal. cvii. 17. J:Ience 
]usculus infers all transgressors must needs be fools. So we rend Rora. il. 
« Tribulation and anguish on the seul of every man that doeth evil ;" but ail 
do eviL And Isaiah, lxv. 14, "My servants shall sing for joy, and "ye shall 
cry for serrow of heart, and vexation of mind." 'Tis ratified by the common 
aunsent of all philosophers, "DLhonesty (saith Cardan) is nothing else but 



4 0 /)emocrtu to tT Rea-. 

folly and madnes, • Probu qui no5iscum vivk  Shew me an hone man, 
» l i wn stuk, 'ris Fabius' aphorism fo the saine end. If nono 
hon, noue wise. then all foola. And well may they be  accounted: for 
who will aoeount him othee, Qui  a.t i occiat, u»n ' 
par in om ? that gooe backward aH his lire, wtward, when he  
bound to the east ? or hold him a wise man (saith "Muaculus) "that ptfem 
momentary ple fo eteity, that apenda hh mter'a goods in hia absenoe, 
forthwith to  condemned for it " euqnt sat qui gbi n pit, 
who will y that a sick man ia wise, that ts and drinka to ovvrth]w the 
temmtum of hia body? Can you count him wise or discet that wod 
milgly bave  health, and yet will do nothing that ahould procure or con- 
tinue it1 «Thdoret, out of lotinus the latost, "holda if a ridiculotm 
thing for a man  lire after his own law¢ to do that which is offeive to 
God, and yet to hope that he should ve lfim: and when he voluntarily 
neglecta h own aety, and conterons the mea, to think to be deHvercd 
by other:" who wiH say these men are e ? 
 third argument may be derived from the pmcedent,  ail men are arried 
away with psion, dhconnt, lust, pleasur, &c. ; they genelly ha those 
ues they should love, and love auch vioes they should haï. Therefore 
more than melancholy, quite mad, brute beasts, and void of rein, so Ch T- 
sostom connds; "or rather dead and buried alive,"  hilo Jude 
conclud it for a ceainty, "of aH auch that are caied away with passions, 
or labour of any dise of the mind." "Whem ia fr and rro%" there 
 Lacttiua uty maintaina, "wdom nnot dwelL 
 'qul cnple mener qnoque po, 
Q metucns vivi Uber mflfi non erit unquam. TM * 
Sene and the rest of the stoics are of opinion, that where  y the least 
peurbation, wisdom may not be fod. "What more diculous,"  * Lac- 
nti urges, « than to hear how Xerxes whipd the HcHespont," thoeaned 
the Iountain Athos, and the Gke  To speak  veto. who is free fmm psion 
ftal  t qa wn tiat , 'bve,  STly determ out 
of an old poem, no mortal men oen avoid sorrow and sickne, d rrow is an 
inparable oempanion n'oto melancholy.  Ch..store pleads farther yet, 
that they e more than . very bts, stupified, and voi4 of common 
sense: "For how (saith he) shaH I ow th  be a man, when thou kickest 
like an ss, neighest like a horse after women, ravit in lt ke a bulÇ 
venest ke a bear, stgest e a soerpion, rakest like a wol  subtle  a 
fox,  impudent  a dog  Shall I y thou a a man, that hast all the 
sympto of a bet How shall I know thee to be a man  by thy shape  
That ghts me mooe. when I sec a beast  keness of a m." 
• Seneca caHs that of Epic, magaam voce»a, an hcroical speech, "A fool 
nti11 begius  ve," and oeunts it a filthy ghtne in men, every day to lay 
new foundations of their lffe. but who doth otherwi  One travels, anothel- 
b; one for t» other for that b and old folks are  f out  
r o OEn find a faithful man ? Prov. xx. 6. ffi In PsM. xHx. Qui moentanea spitels, qui dil 
ldat heri abs bon mox in j vooEud et mnaud. * Perquam ri«ulum t homin ex animl 
scntentiaviver et quoe diia a aunt eq et men à soa ds verte alvos fle quum r 
cumin abjet. eod. c. 6. de provl b. de curat. æc sffe¢t b c=_,__  .... p op lut 
or. 2. r. 7. • Con. b. de vit. offer, certum t i morbis laborau pro mo ¢enndo 
d Lib. de sap. 1 tlmor ad pientia a4 equit. * He who is deno   frfuÇ and lin 
who ]iv in fear ner n be ee. , Quid ini Xerxe HeHontum verrte] &e. Ec. xxi. 12. 
[ 19p.&c., a ms, foam hommes hao, ld mua ¢etet nuu ¢ ........... g qu rapl 
uner nov s &e. *  t me Xmen 



D¢rfwcrus fo the l«ler. 41 

the rest; 0 demeem setutem, Tully exclaims. Therefore young, old 
rniddle age, ail are stupid, and dote. 
« n Sylvi, amont many other, sers down t special ways to fin, i 
a foel by. He  a fool that eks that he nnot d : he 
tha which being ç»und will do him more ha than good: he is a fool, that 
having variety of ways to bng him to his joey end, tak that which 
wot. If so, methinks most men are fools; emine their cou, and you 
sha soon perceive what dizmrds and mad menthe major part are. 
roaldas will have dar, aenoon men, and such  more than ordi- 
narily delight h dnk, tobe mad. OE'he fit pot quencheth thirst, so Panyis 
the poet detcrmines in Atlwn, sn gratin,   Dyon : the 
second mcs mers, the thd for plsuoe, rta  insanm, the fourth 
mak them mad. If this position be te, what a tMoe of mad men 
shall we have 'hat sha they be that drink four tim four  Non a 
ombre farcit, pra oem ianm du ian»ws? 
opinion, hey are mooe han mad, much woe than 
The Abderites condemned Democt for a mad man, beu he 
sameimes sd, and sometim aga profly mers. c Pat (th 
ippocraes) ob rmfarere  i»anire d, hh comen hold him mad 
becae he laughs; and therefore "he d him o advi aH his friends 
aç hod, çha hey do hOt laugh too muc or be over " Had 
Abderiçes been conven th us, and bu sn what fleerin and 'inning 
here is in his age, çhey would cey bave conclude we had bcen 
of our wits. 
Adstotle in his ethics holds foE  sap, to be wise and happy, arc 
reciprol rms, bon inW sa . 'T "Tly's paradox, 
"e men e ee, but foo are slaves»" libey is a power to hve according 
to s own hws»  we wl ouelv: who bath this hberty who is ' 
 « plens sibique Impeo 
Quem neQue pauperi nue mo neQue ncula 
Ronse cupidinib ntemnere honor 
Fort et  ip tos r atque rotund." 
m He  wl that  mmd his o wi 
Valit and cstant to hieif stiiL 
 hom pover nor dth, nvr hds can 
Ch s d@ s hono jt d ght.  
Eut where shall such a man Le ,d  I£ no wher then 
ail slaves, nse]e, or wce. ' foE. ut no man 
this lire, none good, therefç no man we. fri ipp bo»For one 
vue you shaU find n vioes  the me poety p«u rw, muhi 
Epi»t/. Ve may dventure usurp the me, or attribu it to othe 
for favour,  Carol Sapiens, ippus onus, ovicus i, &, and 
describe the prvies of a wi maa,  Tly doth an otor, Xencpho 
Cyrus, Ctio a courtier, Galen tempement, an aristy  drib by 
politicia. ut where shH such a mn  fcund 
« V bo  pie aloe x reet um ]  A wls  gocd man in a mlUon, 
b è m ho t Apoo." Apoo nsd d c d 
A man is a mle of 1 but Trmetus oeds, 
 s, a we man  a wondcr: mi Thire, 
Alexnder when he w presented th that rich and costly cket o king 
D'i, d evez T mau avised l what  put  it, he 



Deraocrun to the Rear. 

]tomer's wr]s, as the most preeious jewel of human wit, and yet °Scaligcr 
upbraids l-Iomer's muse, Nutricem ia alnt, a nurse" of madnes 
rtmpudent  a cou lady, that blushes at nothing. Jacobus Mycills, Gil- 
bert Coatus, Ermus, and almost all posterity admire Lucian's luxuriant 
, ye Sliger rejects him in his censure, and oeils him the Cerbems of the 
muses. Socmtes, whom ail the world  much maifi,  by Lacntius 
and eodoret condemned for a fool. Plutaœeh extoh Seneca's wi beyond 
all the Greeks, nulli secundus, yet «Sena saith of himsel "when I wouhl 
sola myself with a fool. I rcflec$ upon myse] and there I have him." 
Cardan, in his Sixteenth Book of Subtilties, rkons up twelve super-eminent, 
acute 1,hilosophem, for worth, subtlety, and isdom: Arcmedes, Galen, 
Vitruvius, rchit Tarentius, Euclid, Geber, that firsg vetor of Algebra, 
A]kindus the Mathematician, both AtoEbians, with othe's. But h tumvi 
terram çar beyond the rest, are tolomoeus, lotus, Hippras. Scahger 
ecitat. 224, scos at this censure of his, ls some of them carpente and 
mechacians, he mak Gafinam HlOat, a skir of ippoerates: 
and the id Cardau himself elwhere couderons both Galen and ippocratg 
for diousess, obscurity, confusion. aracelsus wl bave them both mere 
idiots, intnts in physic and philophy. Soeliger and Cardan admire Suisse 
the Calculator, i pe dunt esit humani i.ngenil, and yet "Lod. Viv 
calls them nugas Susetas : and Cardan, opposito to himse in another 
Idace, conterons thoee ancients 
nostros  prens collatos jt$ ros ap. In conclusion, the id 
Carda and Sain rnard will admi noue to this catalogm of wi men, 
"but only prophe and apoetles; how they esteem themlves, you bave heard 
before. XVe are worldly-ve, a, lmim olves, and oeek for applause: bug 
hcar Saint Beard, qnt5 »mg fas es sa, nto mag infus stult 
er, &c. in mnnib es us, circa psum iqp : the moto wise 
thou ar to others, the more fool to thyself. I may hot deny but that thero 
ome folly approved, a dive fury, a boly madns, even a spirituM dnken- 
n in the saints of Goal themselves ; satam ianiam mard OElls if 
(though hot as blpheming "Vomtius, would infer it  a pion incident to 
Goal himselç but), ikmiliar to good men, as that of aul, 2 Cor. "he w a 
fool," &c. and Rom. . he wisheth himself to be anathematized for them. 
Such is that drunkenness vhich Ficinus speaks of, when the soul is elevated 
and ravished with a divine tte of thag heavenly neoEar, lfich poets deci- 
phered by the sacrifice of Dionysiu¢ and in this sense with the poet, rinir« 
lubet, as Austin exhos us, ad ebrm  quq parer, leg's ail be mari and 
"drun But we commonly miske, and go beyon,l out commio we reel 
to the opposite part, "we are hot capable of it, and m he id of the Gr, 
ls Groe semp« , vos anni, Gai, Germani, Itali, &c. you are a 
comIny of fools. 
moeed now h pa ad roture, or from the whole to pas, and you shall 
find no other issue, the pas shl be sufficiently dad in çhis foHowhg 
refaoe. The -hole must needa follow by a uorites or ductiom Every 
multitude is mad, be mulm caum, (a many-hded best,) precipi- 
tare and rh thout judent, stum animal, a roaring rouç. 
on proves it out of Arhtotle» 

• 17ypocrlt. • Ut [nuIier alica nulli ldens. « Ep[st. 33. Quado fatuo deleeearl va]o, 0 e«t 
|flnge quoerendus, [ne video, • Pri[no contradicentiu[n, • Lib. de causi$ corrapt, artiUmo t Actiono 
ad subtil, in Scal. fol. 1226. u Lib. 1. de sap. • Vide [nier ho[no, quia roture est vsr|tas, roture 
stu]titla, roture demeatia, quIcquld lacis in loc [nundo, lrœeter hoe olu[n quel 'opte¢ D¢m lacis. Ser. 
de [niser. ho[n. "In 2 Platonl dIaL !. de j usto. ffi Dura lram et odium In Deo revera poni$o 
• Virg. I. Eel. 3, Pa. lnebriabuntur ab nbertate domls, • In Pal. eiv. Au$tin.  In Platoni 
Tire. scerdos F-.gyptius. • Hor. valgus lnsanu[n, a Pater ea dlvislo probabilis &e. ex. &rit. Top. 
lb. 1. c. 8. Rog. Bac. lpist, de secret, art. et nat. ¢. 8. non est judicium ha vulgo. 



quod vulgo videgur verum, falsum est; that whieh the eommonalty accoun*.s 
truc, is most par talse, they are atill opposit fo ,vise men, but all the worh[ 
is of tlris humour (vtdgus), and thou thyselfart de vulgo, ont ofthe commonalty 
and he, and he, and so are all the test; and therefore, as Phocion concludes, 
fo be approved in nought you say or do, mere idiots and asses. Begin theu 
where you will, go backward or forvzard, choose out of the whole pack, wink 
and choose, you shall find them ail alike, "never a ban'ci better herring." 
Copernicus, Atlas his uccessor, is of opinion, the earth is a planer, movc 
and shines to others, as the moon doth to us. Digges, Gilbert, Keplerus, 
Origanus, and othcrs, defend this hypothesis of his in sober sadness, and that 
the moon is inhabited : if it be so that the earth is a moon, then are we also 
giddy, veiginous and lunatic within this sublunary maze. 
I could produce such arguments till dark night : if you should hear tho 
test» 
"Ante dlcm claso comportent vesper 0lympo:  [ t Throgh ch a train of words if 
"l'he day would eooner than the talc be tlone 
bub according fo my p-,'omse, I will descend fo particulars. This melancholy 
extends itself hot to men only, but everx fo vegetals and sensibles. X speak 
hot of those creatures which are saturnine, melancholy by nature, as lead, and 
such like minerals, or those plants, rue, cypress, &c. and hcllebore itself, of 
which °Agripp, treats, fishes, birds, and beasts, hares, conies, dormice, &c., 
owls, bats, nightbirds, but that artificial, which is perceived in them all. 
lemove a plant, if will pine away, which is especially perceived in date trees, 
as you may rend af large in Constantine's husbandry, that antipathy betwixt 
the vint and the cabbage, vint and oil. Put a bird in a cage, he will dit for 
sullenness, or a beast in a pen, or take his yotmg ones or companions from 
him, and set what effect if will cause. ]ut who perceives hOt these common 
passions of sensible creatures, fear, sorrow, &c. Of all other, dogs are mosç 
subject fo this malady, insomuch some hold they dream as men do, and 
through violence of melancholy run mad; I could relate many stories of dogs 
that have died for grief, and pined away ibr loss of their masters, but they 
are common in every tautbor. 
Kingdoms, provinces, and politic bodies are likewlse sensible and subject fo 
this disease, as • ]oterus in his politics bath proved af large. "As in huma 
bodies (saith he) there be divers alterations proceeding from humours, so there 
be many diseases in a commonwealth, which do as diversely happen from 
several distempers," as you may easily perceive by thelr particular symptoms. 
'or where you shall set the people civil, obedient fo God and p4nces, judicious, 
peaceable and quiet, rich, fortunate, "and flourish, fo lire in peace, in unity 
and concord, a country well tilled, many fait built and populous cities, ubi 
incolœe nitent, as old  Cato said, the people are rient, polite and terse, ub/bene, 
beateçuv vivurt, which our politicians make the ehicf end of 
and which  zlrstotle Polit. lib. 3, cap. 4, calls Commun 6onum, 
lib. 6, optabilet et selectum stature, that country is fret from melancholy ; as 
it was in Italy in the rime of Augustus, now in China, now in many other 
flourishing kingdoms of Europe. lut whereas you shall see many discon- 
$ents, common grievances, complaints, poverty, barbarism, beggary, plague.q, 
wars, rebellions, seditions, mutlnies, contentions, idleness, riot, cpicurism, the 
land lit untilled, waste, fall of bogs, fens, deserts, &c., cities decayed, base 

• De ocvalt. Phllosoph. I. I. e 95 et 19. ensd. I. Llb. I0. cap. 4. t Sec LlpIns eplst, t De 
olltia iilustritun lib. I. cap. 4. It in humani corporibu variœe aceldnt mutationea corporis, anlmlqe, 
in republica &c.  Ubi rege philosophntur, Plato. .t Lib. de re rust. k Vel publlcam ltilitatem 
salus publics enivreras lex eeto. Beata civtta non ubl pauc! beati, ced tota clvttae beata. Plato quarto 
republtca. 



4 

Z)emocrit 6o  

and poor owns, villagea depopulaed, the people squalid, ugly, meivil ; tha 
lingdom, that countlT, must needs be discontent, melancholy, hath a aick 
body, and had need te be reformed. 
_New that canner well be effeted, till the causes of these maladies be first 
removed, vhich commonly proceed frein their own default, or seine accidental 
inconveaicnce : as te ho situated in a bad clime, too ltr north, sterile, in a 
barren place, as the deserg of Lvbia, dcserts of Arabia, places voici of waters, 
as thoso of Lop and Belgian i'n Asia, or in a bad air, as at Alexandretta, 
JBantam, Pi.sa, 1)urazzo, b'. John de Ulloa, &c., or in danger of the sea's con- 
tiuual inundations, as in many places of the Low Countries sud elsewhere, 
or near seine bad neighbours, as Hungarians te Turks, lodolians te Tartars, 
or almost any bordering countries, they live in fear stili, and by reason of 
hostile incursions are oftentimes left desolate. Se are cities, by tesson  of wars, 
rires, plagues, inundations, wild beas$s, decay of trades, barred havens, the 
sea's violence, as Antwerp may witness of late, Syracuse of old, Brundusium 
in Italy, ye and Dorer with us, and many that st this day suspect the sea's 
fury and rage, and labour against if as the Yenetians te their inestimable 
charge. But the most frequent maladies are such as proceed frein themsclves, 
as firs when religion and God's service is neglected, innovated or altered, 
where they de net fear God, obey their prince, where atheism, epicurism, 
sacrilege, simony, &c., and ail such impieties are freely committed, that coun- 
try canuot prosper. When Abraham (ame te Gerar, an4 saw a bad land, h« 
said, sm'e the fear of God was net in that place. "Cyprian Echovius, a Spanish 
chorographer, above ail other cities of Spain, commends "Borcino, in which 
there was no bcggal; no man poor, &c., but ail rich, and in good estate, an,[ 
he gives the reason, because they were more religious than their neighbours :" 
vhy was Israel se often spoiled by their enemies, lcd into captivity, &c., but 
for their idolatry, neglect of God's word, for sacrilege, even for one Achau's 
fault? And what shall we expect that have such multitudes of Achans, 
church robbers, simoniacal patrons, &c.» how can they hope te flourish, that 
neglect divine duties, that live most part like Eidcures? 
Other common gl'ievances are generally noxious te a body po]itic; alteration 
of laws and customs, breaking privileges, general oppressions, seditions, &c., 
observed by °Aristotle, Bodin, Boterus, Junius, Araiscus, &c. I will only point 
st seine of the chiefest.  Impotentia gubernandl, ataxia, confusion, i]l-govein- 
ment, which proceeds frein unskilful, slothîul, griping, covetous, unjust, rash, 
or tyrannizing magistrates, when they are fools, idiots, children, proud, wilïul, 
partial, indiscreet, oppressors, giddy heads, tyrant net able or unfit te manage 
such offices : « mauy oble cities and flourishing kingdoms by that means are 
desolate the whole body groans under such heads, and ail the members must 
nceds ho disaffected, as st this day those goodiy provinces in Asia Miner, &c. 
groan under the burden of a Turkih government 5 and those vast kingdoms 
of ][uscovia, Russia, "under a tymnnizing duke. Who ever heard of more 
civil and rich populous couutries than th«se of" Greece, Asia hlinor, abound- 
ing with all "wea[th, multitudes of inhabitants, force, power, splendeur and 
nlagnificence " and that miracle of countries,  the I-[oly Land, that in se 
mall a compass of ground cotfld maintain se many towns, cities, produce se 
many fighthg men  ]gypt another paradise, new barba»oas and de,erg, and 

 5!anl-aa va mlser nlm]m vlc|na C'remota. Tntdnm à fed ut olim Matania, & * Delicli 
Hliœeanno160& emoma]unemopauper, optimquiaeatqueim. Pieuctequ¢v¢ban 
ammaque  veneratione et timor% vo c saue reb cumbebant. *Polit. 1. 5. 
Boter Polit. b. 1. c. 1. C 
e Immemor, aut fatu t. 
• See Dr. Fletcher'a relation, and exander Gann histo. 
InlaAi.multituoEe splondore  poten « ot Dove 200 m  lg 60  br¢ aorng 



a|most waste, by the despotical government of an imperous T,,ri:, itol«abill 
servitutisfitg«,premitur (Uone saith)net only tire and water, goods or lands, 
ipse slairitus ab insolentissimi vlctxn-is pendet nutu, such is their slavery, thcir 
lires and seuls dcpend upon his insolent will and command. A tyrant that 
spoils all wheresoever he cornes, insomuch that an • historian complains, " 
an old inhabitant should new  them, he would net know them, if a travcller, 
or stranger, it would grieve lais heart te behold them." Vhereas • Aristotl 
notes, 2Vovoe ew.actiones, nova omra impoait«, new burdens and exaetions daily 
corne upon them, like those of which Zosimus, lib. 2, se grievous, 
txores, loutres dlïlios prostituerent ut exacoribus ì questu, &c., they must need 
be discontent, hinc civitatum gemitus et lloratua, as "Tully holds, hence corne 
those complaints and teurs of cities, "p¢r, miserable, rebellious, and des- 
perate auhjects, as "Hippolitus adds; and n as a judicious countryman of out 
observod net long since, in a survey of that great Dnchy of Tuscany, tho 
people lived much grieved and discontent, as appeared by their manitbl,l and 
manifest complainigs in that kind. "That the state was like a sick body 
wlfich had lately taken physic, whose humours are net yet well settled, and 
veakened se much by purging, that nothing was left but mclancholy. 
Whereas the princes and potentates are immoderate in lust. hypocrites, 
epicures, of no religion, but in shew: Quid hypocri'ifragil.ius? what se brittlo 
and unsure ? what sooner subverts their estates than wandering and raging 
htsts, on their subjects' wives, daughters ? te say no worse. That they should 
leaeem larve.ferre, lead the way te all vh'tuous actions, are the ringleaders often- 
times of all mizchief and dissolute courses, and by that means their cotmtries 
are plaomaed , " and they themselves often ruined, banished, or murdered by 
conspiracy of their mtbjects, a« Sardanapalus was, Dionysius, junior, Helio- 
gabalus, leriander, lisistratus, Tarquinius, Timocrates, Childericus, 
Claudius, Andronicus, Galeacius Sfo'sia, Alexander Medices," &c. 
Whereas the princes or great me n are malicious, envious, factious, ambitious, 
emulators, they tear a commonwealth asunder, as se many Gud] and G/be- 
lines disturb the quietness of it, « and with mutual murders let it bleed te 
death; out histories are too full of such barbarous inhumanities» and tho 
miserie that issue frein them. 
Whereas they be like se many horse-]eeches, hungry, griping, cormpt, 
°covetons, avaritce nancilria , ravenous as wolves, for as Tully writes: 
prcet larodes, et qui pecudibus laroet, debe eorum utilitati inservire : or such 
ats pre/r their private before the public good. For as Che id long since, 
privatce public aemper o.ffïcere. Or whereas they be illiterate, i-morant, 
emph'ics in policy, ubi deest facultas virtus (zlr/stot. laol. 5, cala. 8,) et scientia, 
wise only by inheritance, and in authority by birth-right, lavera; or tbr their 
wealth and titles; there must needs be a fault, a great defect: because as 
au i old philosopher affirms, such men sre net alway fit. "Of an infiuito 
number, few noble are senators» and of those few, fever good, and et thag 
small number of honest, good, and noble men, few that are lerned, wise, 
discret, and sufficient, able go dizeharge such places if must needs turn te 
tho eonfusioi, of a state." 

Romulus Amascus. • Snbelllcus. Si qus Incoa veta, non anosceret, sl quls percn 
cere$.  oli$. l. . c. 6. Crude princpum, impit 8celem, violatio legum, peculat 
publi etc. = Ept. • De inoEem. b. cap. 20. subditl 
b R. Dlinon. 1596. conclsio llbH. • Bos I. 9. c. 4. Fot. Quo fit ut aut reb dat exulen 
aut couone subdlrmn cdelime tandem ucident. a Muis ois 
• Luvr ex mali eratque causis. $Sall$. s For most p we mistake the naine of Politl- 
an axing uch  rd achiavel and Ti t atme tat n &spute of tittcal 
preoep, supplant and ovoethrow the vcrsari en.ch emselv get hono smbIe; but what is 
th  the bene  or prcrvation of a Commonwealth   Imperium suapte onte ¢oit.  ApuL 
Fm. Flor. Ex lnnumerilibu au¢i Seaar geaere noboe e ib pauci bo 
a 



46 

Democrltus fo the 1tender. 

For as the  Princes are, so are the people; Qualis Rex, talls grex: aud 
,:'hich I Antigontm right well said of old, qui MacedoMm reger erudit, olnnea 
e,iar subd'kos erudit, he that teaches the king of Macedoa, teaches all hta 
aubjects, i a true saying still. 
 Fr Princes are the glas.% the school, the book, 
1 here subjects' eyes do lcarn, do read, do look." 
«Velocins et citins nos 
Corrutuptmt s itiorutu exempla dotp.e,ttlei malwni| 
Cure subeant anituos auctoribus." * 
Thcir examples are soonest followcd, vices enterained, if they b profane, 
irreligious, laseivious, riotous, epicures, factious, covetott, ambitious, illiterate, 
o will the commons most part be, idle, unthrifts, prone to lust, drunkards, 
and therefore poor and needy ( ,, «a«,, t«,  o;, for povêrty 
bêgets sedition and villany)upon ail occasions ready to mutiny and rebcl, 
discontent still, complaining, murmuring, gTudging, apt to ail outrages, thefts, 
tre,asons, murdcrs, i||novations, in debt, shifters, cozeners, outhtws, tgro.fligatoe 
farr ac vitæ. It was an old  politician's aphorism, " They that are poor 
and bad envy rich, hate good men, abhor the present goveament, wish tbr a 
new, and vould bave ail tunaed topsy turvy." V'hcn Catiliue rebeiled in 
]lome, he got a company of such debauched rogtaes togetheç they were his 
familiars and coadjutors, and such bave been your ]bels most part in ail 
ages, Jack Cade, Tom Straw, Kette, and his companions. 
Where they be generally riotous and contentious, where there be many 
discords, many laws, many lavsuits, many lawyers and many physicians, it is 
a manifest sign of a distempcrcd, melancholy state, as l°lato long since main- 
tained: for where such kind of men swarm, they wil[ make more work for 
themselves, and that body politic diseased, which was otherwise sound. A 
general mischief in thcse our rimes, an insensible plague, and never so many 
of them : "which are now multil,liêd (saith iIat. Geraldus, ° a lawyer himsclf,) 
as so many locusts, hot the parents, but the plagues of the conntry, and tor 
the most part a supercilious, bad, covetous, litigious generation of men. » Cru- 
menGtuOa natio, &c. A purse-milking nation, a clamox)us company, gowned 
vultures, « qui ex ijuria vivent et sanguine civiun, thieves and seminaries of 
dicord; wox-ze than any polers by the highway side, auri accipitres, auri ex2 
'ebronides, pecuniaru» hamioloe, quadruplatores, curice ha,Tagoees , lori tbti- 
nabula, mo,'tra honinum, malones, &c., that take upon them to make peace, 
but are iudeed the very disturbers of our peace, a eompany of irreligious 
harpies, scraping, griping catchpoles, (I mean our common hmagry pettifoggem, 
"rabulasforenses, love and honour in the meantime all good laws, and worthy 
hwyers, that are so many'oracles and 1)ilots ofa well-governed commonwealth.) 
SVithout art, without judgment, that do more harm, as « Livy said, quaa 
balla externa, fames, morbive, than sickness, wars, hunger, diseases; "and 
cause a most incredible destruction of a commouwealth," saith  Sesellius, a 
£tmous civilian sometimes in l°aris, as ivy doth by an oak, embrace if so long, 
unfl if bath got the heart out of it, so do they by such places they inhabit; no 
counsel at ail, no justice, no speech to be h.l, ni eu,n premulserls, he must 
be fcd still, or else he is as mute as a fish, butter open an oyster without a 
knJ£e. £xTerto crede (saith "Saliburiensis) i maus eorun millies ikli, e 

 Non solutu vitia concipiunt Ipi principes, sed etiam infundunt in civitatem, plusque exemplo quam 
ieccato nocent. Cic. !. de lcgibun.  Epit. ad Zcn. Juven. Sat. 4. Paupertas editionetu gignit et 
malcflcinm, Arist. Pol. 2. c. 7. * Viciotts dotuestic exatuples opcrate tuore Quickly Upon us when 
uggested fo ottr tuindz by high authorlties, m a]lust. Sernper in clvitate Quibu opes null sent, 
I,onis lnvident, vetera odere, nova exoptant, odio suarutu rerutu tuutari otunia petunt, a De legibus. 
profligatoe in repub, dLscipliuoe est indicium jtu-ispcritorum numerus, et tuedicorum copia.  Iu proef, stud. 
juris. Multipllcanttlr nunc in terris st locustœe non patrioe parentea, sed peste.a, pessitui homi ...... " 
l»itl te $1pel'çlliO$1 contentlosl» &c. licltllm latroelllllm exercent. 
togatl. « Barc. Argen. • Jurisconsulti domus oraculum civitatis. Tttlly. 
• Lib. 1. de rep. t;allorttm incredibil_tu reilub, perniciem atler tml;. ffi lolycrat, lib. 



Deraoeritus go the Rea'.ler. 47 

CIaron immt/s, qui nulle peperc'it uuam, his logè cleme'.nt','r est; "I speak 
out of experience,  bave ben a thoand times amongst them, and Chaton 
hielf is more gentle than thcy ; he is contcnd with his single pay, but 
they multiply still, they are never satisfied," besidcs they bave d«mzcas 
lhs,  he terms it, nifanib argete vici, they must be fed to 
nothing, and *get more to huld the peaoe than we can to aay o best. 
They will spcak their clients fair, and vite them to their tables, but as he 
f{,llows it, "of all injustice there is noue  pernicious as that of thch's, which 
when they deceive most, will oeem tobe honest men." Thcy take upon them 
tobe peaoemkers, et fere ca humiliun, to help them to their right, 
patrodnattar atis," but all is for their own good, 
eauriant, they pied for poor men grat, buç they are but  a stale fo catch 
othem. If there be no jar,  they OEn muke a jar, out of the law itoeff find 
still some quirk or other, fo seç them af odds, and contue vaus so long, 
lustra aliçaot, I know hOt how muny yeam before t cause i« hrd, and 
when 'ris judg end dermined by reason of some tricl uud em'o, if is as 
li'esh fo begin, afr twice seven years me rimes, as 
they prolong rime, delay suits till thcy bave enriched themlves, aad beggad 
their cliençs. And,   Cato inveighed atnsç Isocrutcs" scholars, we may 
j ustly fax out wmngliug luwyers, they do coecere it litib, are  tigious 
and busy here on earth, thut I think they will plead their client's cauoes here- 
ufr, me of them in holl. «Simles complains amongsç the Suisoe of the 
advocutes in his rime, that when they should make an end, they gan con- 
tt'ovcies, and "protract their caus muny yeurs, pemuading them their title 
is good, till their putrimonies be consumed, and thut they bave snt more 
sceking tn the thing la worth, or they shall get by the recovery." o thtt 
he thaç goos to luw, as the proverb is, "holds a wolf by the eurs, or as a shoep 
in a srm runs for shelr tou brier, ff he prosceute his cuuse he is consumcd, 
if he surcease his suit he loseh ail; t what d iffcrence  They had won t hereto- 
tbre, saith Austin, to end muta, per communes arbitros; and  in Switzer- 
1.md (we are itformed by  Simles), "they d me oemmon arl»itrutors or 
daysmen in evetown, thut made a friendlycompositionbetwixt man and man, 
and he much wonders af their honest simpliciçy, thut could keep peace  well, 
and end such grt causes by that meuns. Af Fez in Afri, thcy hure neither 
lwyem nor udvooetes ; but if the be any oentmvemies amongst them, both 
1,urties plaintif_ end dcfendunt corne fo their Alfakins or ch icf j udge, "and 
once withou any çarther appea or pitif delay¢ the cuu is hea and 
ended." Out forefathera, as lu worthy chorogrupher of ours oboervea, had 
wonç paucul crul aureis, with a few g,»lden crosscs, and lh in ver, 
make ail conveyunces, assurances. And such w the candour and inte'ity 
of succeeding ages, that a deed ( I hure often seen) fa convey a whole manor, 
waa imTlitè conhin in me twenty nes or thereabouts; ke that scede or 
 Laconica,  much renowned of old in ali contracts, which  TuHy se 
eumtly commends fo Atticua, luçarch h his Lynder, Art polit.: 
7ydida*, lib. 1. Diodorus and Suid approve and magnify, tbr that 
laconic brevity  ts nd; and well they might, for aoeordihg fo  Tertan» 

Y Is stipe contcntus, et bi asses integro8 sibi multiplicarl Jubent. * Plus accipiunt tacere, quarn nos loqui. 
•Totius ,xjustitioe nuila capitalior qttm eorum qui cure maxime declpiunt, id aguu t, ut boni viri esse videantur. 
• Iam quocunque modo causa pro..edat, hoc semper agiter, ut Iocu I impleantur, etsi avaritia equit 
atlarl. b Camden in Norfolk : qui si nihil sit litiurn è juris apiclbtts lite tarnen ser«re cal]eut, • Plu- 
taxch, vit. Car. caua apud inferos quas in suam ridera r¢ceperunt, patrocinio suo tuebuntur d LIb. 2. de 
Helvet. repub. on explicandia, 8ed rnoliendls controversiis operam riant, Ira ut lires In rnult,,8 annos extra- 
hantar 8umrn- cure molestlî utris(lue ; partis et darn iterea patrirnouia exhaul'ia..tur. ® Lupurn aur.bua 
teaet, f Hor. • Lib. de Helvet. repub. Judices quoctmque pago constituent qui arnica aliqu trausac- 
ti.,ne, 8! fieri possit lite tollan. Ego rnajorum noatrorurn 81mplicitatem admiror, quisic causas graviirnas 
vmposucrint; &c.  Clenard 1. 1. ep. Si quœe coutroversioe utraque para judiccrn adit, la actuel et simtd 
rm transigit, au«lit : nec quid sit appellatio, lachrym,soeque morœe nvscuut.  Carnden. k Lib. 10. 
epiat, ad Atti:um» epiat. Il | Dibliuth. 1.   Lib. de A.uim. 



certa surd paucis, therc is much more certainty in fewer words. And so was 
it ofold throughout : but now many skins ofparchment will scarce serve turn : 
he that buys and sells  bouse, must bave a bouse full of writings, there be so 
many circumstances, so many words, such tautological repetitions of all par- 
ticulars, (to avoid cavillation they say;) but we find by out woful experience, 
that to subtle wits it is a cause of much more contention and variance, and 
scarce any conveyance so accurately penned by one, which anothër will hot find 
a crack in, or cavil at; ifany one word be misplced, any little error, all is 
disammlled. That which is a law to-day, is none to-morrow; that which is 
sound in one man's opinion, is most faulty to another; that in conclusion, here 
is nothing amongst us but contention and confusion, we bandy one agains 
another. And that which long since "lutarch complained of thcm in Asia, 
may be verified in out times. "These men here assembled, corne hot to sacri- 
fice to their gods, to offer Jupiter their first-fruit% or merriments to B:tcchus ; 
but an yearly disease, e.xasperating Asia, bath brought them hither, to make an 
end of their controversies and lawsuits." 'Tis multitudo perdentium etpereun- 
tium,  destructive tout that seek one another's ruin. Such most part are our 
ordinary suitors, termers, clients, new stirs every day, mistak, errors, cavils, 
and at this present, as I bave heard in some one court, I know hot how many 
thousand causes : no person free, no title ahnost good, with such bitterness in 
following, so many slights, procrastinations, delays, forgetT, such cost (for 
infinite sums are inconsiderately spent), violence and malice, I know hot by 
whose fault, lawyers, clients, laws, both or ail: but as laul reprehended tho 
°Corinthina long since, I may more positively infer now : "There is a fault 
amongst you, and I speak it to your shume, Is there hot  wise man amongst you, to judge between his brethren? but that  brother goes to law with  
brother." And *Christ's counsel concerning lawsuits, was never so fit to bo 
iuculcated as in this age: "«Agte with thine adve.ary quickly," &c. 
2Iatth. v. 25. 
I could repeat many such particular gricvances, which must disturb a body 
politic. To shut up ail in brief, where good government is, prudent and wiso 
princes, there all things thrive and prosper, peace and happiness is in that hnd: where it is otherwise, ail thi»gs are ugly to behold, incult, barbarous, 
uncivil,  paradise is turned to a wilderness. This island amongst the rest, 
our next neighbours the French and Germans, may be  sufficient witness, that in  short time by that prudent policy of the Romans, was brought from bar- 
barism ; see but what Cœeaar reports of us, and Tacitus of those old Germans, 
they were once as uncivil as they in Virginia, yet by planting «»f colonies and 
good laws, they became from barbarous outlaws, "to be full of rich and popu- 
lous cities, as now they are, and most flourishing kingdo.ms. Even so might Virnia, and those wild IrLh bave been civilized long since, if that order had 
been heretofore taken, which now begins, of planting colonies, &c. I bave 
read  °discoursc, printed anno 1612. "Discovering the true causes why 
Ireland was never entirely subdued, or brought under obedience to the crown 
of England, tmtil the beginning of his hIajesty's happy reig." Yet if his 
reasons were thoroughly scanned by  judicious politician, I ara afraid he 
would hot altogcther be approved, but that it would tura to the dishonour of 
our nation, to surfer it to lie so long waste. Yea, and ifsome travellers should 
ee (to comc ne:r home) those rich, unitêd 19rovinces of Holland, Zealand &c.» 

 Lib. major morb. corp. an anlml. Hi non eonveniut nf d|ls raore ma]orum sacrs fa¢isnt, non nf $ovl 
prim|tia offerant, aut Baccho comme.tionea, sed anniversarius morbus exaeran Asiam hue eos cocgi_, 
ut contentiones hic peragant, o I Cor. ri. 5, 6. p Stulti quando dernurn apieti  Ps. xlix. . 
* o intituled, and preached by out Regiu Protsor, D. Prideaux ; prtnted at London by Foel|x Klngstt 
1;21. q Of wh|ch Text re.ad two learned Serinons. • Soepius bona materia ceasat sine artifice. 
bell|cus de Germani. Si quis videret Germaniam urbu$ h'»die excultam, non diceret ut olim trit:m 
¢ultu, perm coeLo, terrain iafo_-'mem, • By I t(a.'a Attrey Ge.a¢rl thez. 



D.m,crtu o tle Radr. 49 

over agaiust us; those ncat cries and populous towns, full of most imhstl'iott 
rtificcrs, «so much land recovered from the sea, and so painfidly prescrved by 
those artifici.'d inventions, so wonderfully approved, as that of Bemster in 
][ulland, ut zihil huic par aut simile nvenia,s  loto orbe, sith eius tho 
geographcr, ail the world caunot match il, "so many navible channels from 
place go place, mado by men's hands, &c. and on the other side so many 
thousand actes of out tbns lie drowned, our cities rhin, and those vile, poor, 
and ugly fo behohl in respecç of theirs, our trad deeayed, out still running 
l'ive stopped, and that beneficial uoe of transportation, wholly neglected, so 
nmny havcus void of shipa and towns, so many parks and forests tbr pleasure, 
barren hcaths, so many villaggs depopulated, &c. I think sure he would d 
some tkult. 
I may uot deny but that ths nation of ours, doth bene az«lire apud ext«os, 
is a most noble, a most flourislfing kingdom, by common consent of ail "geo- 
gixphem, historians, politicians, 'ris unica çelut arx,  and which Quintius in 
Livy said oI the inhabitants of Peloponnesus, may bo well applied to us, we 
are testndines stâ sud indiug, like so many tortoioes in our shclls, fcly 
defended by an ang T sea, as a wall on ail sides. Our island hath many sach 
holmurable eul,,gimns; and as a ]eard countran of ours right well hath 
it, "Ever since the Normans first coraing into Eugland, this country both fi 
military matters, and ail other of civility, hath bcen parallclcd with the most 
flourishing kiugdoms of Europe and our Christian worhl," a blessed, a rich 
country, and one of thc fortunate isles : and fbr some things pt»trmd befor 
othet countries, for expert oeamen, our laborious discoveries, art of navigation, 
true merchants, they car T thc bcll away fmm all other nations, even tho 
Portugais and IIollanders themsclves; "rwithout all fcar," maith Bot.cru 
" furrowing tho ocean wiuter and summer, and two of their cal»tains , with no 
lcss valour than fbano, bave mailed round about the worhl." "We bave besidcs 
many particular blemings, which our neighbours wanç, the Gospel truly 
pt, ached, church discipline eablished, long peaoe and quietns fie from 
exactions, foiil tars, invasions, domestical seditions, well manumd, fo ti- 
fied by art, and nature, and now mosç happy in that fortunate union of Eng- 
land and Scofland, which our fot, fathetz have laured to effoet, and defircd 
fo soe. But in which wo excel ail others, a wise, leamed, religious king, 
another Numa, a second Austus, a true Josiah ; most worthy oenators, a 
leaed clergy, an obedient commonalty, &c. Yet amongst many rs, somo 
thisfl grow, some bad woeds and enormities, which much distm-b the acc 
of this body politic, eclipse the honour and glory of if, fit fo be rooted out» and 
th all spoed fo be reformed. 
The first is idleness, by rean of which we have many swarms of robres, 
and beggars, thieves, drunkards, raid discontented persons (whom Lycurgus 
Plutarch calls bos rdlicæ, the bofis of the commonwealth), many poor 
pple in ail our tos. Civit nobs as Polydot calls them, base builg 
cities, inglorious, poor, mail, rare in sight, inous, and thin of inhabRants, 
Our land is fertile we may hot deny, full of ail good things, and why doth it hot 
then abound with cities, as well as Italy, France, Germany, the Low-countries 
beoEuse their policy hath boen otherwise, and we are hot so thrifty, circum- 
spect, industrious. Idleness is the zd genius of our nation. For as 
"Boterus justly mes, fertility of a country is hot enough, except art and 

t As Zclpland, Bemster In Holland, &c.  From Gaunt to Siuce, from Bruges fo the sca, Re. 
• Ortelius, Boterus, Mcrcator, Meteranus, &c. * « The citadel par excellence." w Jam inde non minus 
bcili gloria, quàm humanitatis cuitu intcr florcntissimas orbis Christiani gcntes imprimis floruit. Camdet. 
Brit. de Normanuis. ffi Gcog. Kecker. y Tare hieme quàm mstate iutrepidè sulcant Occanum, et duo 
lilorum duces non mlnore audaci quàm fortun totius orbem terroe circumuavig5runt. Amphitheatro 
]{¢}tcl-|lS. • A fertile soli, igood air, &c Tin, Lead, Wool, Saffron, &c. - Toîa Britanuia tm|c 
ve, lut arx. Botcr, u LIb. l. hist. • lncrcmcnt, urb. 1. Il e. 9. 



industry be joined unto if, according to Aristotle, riches are either natural or 
artificial; natural, are good land, fait mines, &c. at'ificial, are manufactures" 
coins, &c. llany kingdoms are fertile, but rhin of inhabitants, a. tiret 
Duchy of iiedmont in Italy, which Leander Albetff.us so much magnifies for 
corn, wine, fruits, &c., yct nothing near so populous as those which are mc«'e 
barren. "England," saith he, " London only excepted, bath never a popu- 
lons city, and yet a fruitful counh'y." I find 46 cities and walled towns i: 
Alsatia, a small province in Germany, 50 castles, an infinite number of vil- 
lages, no grountl idle, no hot rocky places, or tops of hills are untilled, 
°3Ilnster informeth us. In ¢Greichgea, a small territory on the Iffecker, 
Italian toiles over, I read of 20 wallcd towns, innumerable villages, each one 
containing 150 bouses most part, besicles castles and noblemen's palaces. 
observe in rTuringê, in Dutchland (welve toiles over by their scale) 12 coun- 
ries, and in them 144 cities, 2000 villages, 144 towns, 250 ctle In 
"]3avaria, 3 cities, 46 towns, &e. 'Portuyallia irramnis, a small plo of 
ground, bath 14ç0 parishes, 130 monasteries, 200 bridges. ]IMta, a barren 
island, yields 20,000 inhabitants. Dut ofall the rest, I admire Lues Guicciar- 
dine'- relat.ions of the Low-countries. I-Iolland bath 26 cities, 400 eat vil- 
lages. Zeland, 10 cities, 102 parishes. Brabant, 26 cities, 102 parishes. 
Flaltders, 28 cities, 90 towns, 1154 villages, besides abbeys, castles, &e. The 
Low-eouutries generally have three clties at least for one of ours, and those far 
more populous and rich : and what is the cause, but their industry and excel- 
lency in ail manner of tradesl Their commerce, which is maintained by a 
multitude of tradesmeu, so many excellent chamels raade by art and oppor- 
tune havens" to which they build their cities; ail which we bave in like 
measure, at at least may have. But their chiefest loadstone which draws ail 
manner of commerce and merchandise, which maintains their prescrit este, in 
hot fertility of soil, but industry t'.rot enricheth them, the gold mines of Pcru, 
or Iffova I-Iispania may hot compare with them. They have neithergold no 
lver of their own, 'ine nor «,il, or scarce any corn growhg in those nnited 
provinces, little or no wood, tin, lead, iron, silk, wool, any stuff almost, or 
metal ; and yet/-Iungary, Transylvania, that brag of their mines, fertile Etg- 
laud canuot compare with them. I dm boldly y, that neither France, 
Tarentum, Apulia, Lombardy, or any par of Italy, Valentia in 8pain, or tha 
pleasant Andalusia, wiçh their excellent fruits, wine and oil, two harvests, no 
hot any part of Europe is so flourishing, so rieh, so populous, so full of gootl 
ships, of well-builç eities, so abounding with all things neeessal T for the use of 
xnan. 'Tis out Indies" an epitome of China» and all by reason of their indus- 
try, good poliey, and eommeroe. Industry is a loadstorte to draw ail good 
things; that alone makes eountries flourish, eities populous, Jand will entbrce 
by reason of mueh manure, which necessarily follows" a barren soil fo 
fertile and good, as sheep, saith  Dion, mend  bacl pasture. 
Tell me, politicians, why is that fruitful 19alestina, noble Greeee, EgTpt , 
_&sia Iinor, so mueh deeayed; and (mere eareases now) çallen ri'oto that they 
were The ground is the saine, but the goverament is altered, the people m'e 
grown slothful, idle, their good husbandry, policy, and industry is deeayed. 
2Von fatlçata aut e.ffoeta huraus, as 'Columella well in forms 8ylvinus" sed nostrâ 
fit qnertiâ, &c. /Iay a man believe that whieh -&ristotle h his polities" Pau- 
sanias» Stepha,us, Sophianus, Gerbelius relate of old Greeee I find hereto- 

• Angll, ex¢epto Londino, nulla est clvltas rnemorabllls, li¢et ea natlo rernm omnlurn eopi abundet. 
• Cosmog. Lib. 3. cop. 119. Villarurn non et nurnerus, nullus locus otiosns aut incultus, tChytreu  
orat. edit. Francof. 1583. • laginus Geog.  Ortelltts è Vaseo et Pet. de ledina. t An 
Imndrcd farnilies in each. J Populi rnultitudo diligente eultur feecundat $olurn. Boter. 1.8 c. 3. 
t Orffit. 5. Terrffi ubi ove stabulffintur optirna gricolis ob steren, t De re rtmt. 1.2. cap. 1. The soLI 
i hot Lired or exhatted but haa bccome barrethrough out sloth 



/)«mocrhus o g Rende. 51 

fore 70 cities in Epins overthrown by Paulus/Emilius, a goodly province in 
rimes past, now left desolate of good towns and almost inhabitants. 62 ciies 
in !Iacedon]a in Strabo's time. I find 30 in Laconia, but now scarce so many 
villages, saith Gcrbelius. If any man from Motmt Taygetus should view the 
country round about, and see eot delcias, ot vTrbes per Peloponnesum dispersas, 
so many dclicate and brave built cities with such cost and exquisite cunning, 
so neatly set out in lcloponnesus, nhe shodd perccive them now inou and 
overthrown, bmt, waste, desolate, and laid levcl with the ground. Incredlbile 
dictu, &c. And as he laments, Quis talia fando 7"emperet a lachrymis ? Quis 
tare durus atferreus? (s9 he prosecutes it.)* Who is he that can sufficiently 
condole and commiserate these ruins Where are those 4000 cities of Egvpt, 
those 100 cities in Crete? Are thcy now corne to two? What saith 'liny 
and _-ZElian of old Italy ? Thcre were in former ages 1166 cities: Blons 
and lIachiavcl, both grant them now nothing near so populous, and full of 
good towns as in the rime of Augustus (for now Leandcr Albertus eau find 
but 300 st most), and if we may give credit go °Livy, hot then so strong 
and puissant as of old: ". They mustcred 70 Legions in former rimes, which 
now the known world will scarce yield. Alexander built 70 cities in a short 
space for his part, out Sultans and Turks dcmolish twice as many, and leste 
ail desolate, lIany will not believe but that our island of Great ]3ritain is now 
more populous than ever it was; yet let them rend Bede, Leland and othem, 
thev. shull find if most flourished in the Saxton Hepturchy, and in the Conquc- 
ror's rime was far berger inhabitcd than ai this I)sent. Ste that Domesday 
]3ook, and show me those thouands of parises, which are now dccayed, cities 
ruined, villages depopulatcd, &c. The lesser the te'ritory is, commonly, the 
ficher if la. Parvus sedbene cultus ager. As those Athenian, Lacedoemonian, 
_&rcadian, Aelian, Sycionian, lIessenian, &c., commonwealths of Greece muke 
ample proof, as tho imperial cities au(! fie states of Germany may witness, 
those Cantons of Switzers, lheti, Grist er Walloons, Territories of Tuscany, 
Luke and Scnes of old, Piedmont, lIantua, Venice in Italy, l:gusa, 
That prince therefore, as r Boterus adviseth, that will bave a rich country, 
and tkir cities, let him get good trades, privileges, painful inhabitants, arti- 
ficelé, and snflër no rude marrer unwrought, as tin, iron, wool, lead, &c., to ho 
transported out of his comltry,--a thing in part seriously attempted amongag 
us, but hot effected. And becan industry of men, and multitude of trade 
much avails to the ornament and enriching of a kingdom; those ancient Mas 
silians would adroit no man into their city that had hot some trade. Selym 
the first Turkish emperor procured a thousand good artificers go be brought 
from Taurus to Constntinople. The Polanders indend with Henry Duke of 
_&njou, their new chosen king, go bring with him an hundld familles of arti- 
ficers into loland. James the First, in Scotland (as ° Buchanan writes), sent 
for the best argificers he could get in Europe, and gave them great rewards to 
tcach his subjects their several tradea. Edward the Third, our most renowned 
king, to his eternal memory, bronght clothing first into this island, trunsport- 
ing some familles of artificers from Gaunt hither, tIow many goodly cities 
eould I reckon up, that thrive wholly by grade, where thousands of inhabitatts 
|ire singular well by their fingers' ends ! As Florence in Italy by making cloth 
of gold ; great lIilan by silk, and ail curions works ; Arras in Artois by thoso 
fair hangings; many cities in Spain, many ir France, Germany, bave none 
m Hodie urbibua d.eolatar, et magna ex parte lncoli destituitur. Gerbeliu dese. Grteci» lib. 6. aVid©bi 
oe fero omn sut ovgraa sut olo luata sut in rudera foediaaimè dejecta, tlurbeliua. 
l'or tern Ulye lell without a tear. 
• ,ib. 7. Sept-uaglnta ollm leglones acriptoe dicuntur; quas vlre hodle, &c.  Polit. 1.3. c. 8. q For 
dyeing ef clo/hs, and dresaing, &c. g Valet. 1.2. c. L . Hist. Scot. Lib. 10. }lagni proImaitm 
proemiia, ut Scoti ab iia edoccrenttLr. 



2 Democrtus to the Reader. 

other maintenance, especially those within the land. t Mecca in Arabia 
1)etta, stands in a most unfruitful country, that wants water, amongst the 
rocks (as Vertomanus describes if), and yet it is a most elegant and pleasant 
city, by reason of the traffic of the east and west. Ormu. in Persia is a most 
fanmus mart-town, bath nought else bat the opportunity of the haven to make 
if flourish. Corinth, a noble city (Lumeu Groecioe, Tully calls if) the Eye of 
Greece, by reason of Cencllreas and Lccheus those excellent ports, drew 
that traffic of the Ionian and ,ZEgean sens to it; and yet the country about it 
v¢as. cuvva et superciliosa, as u Strabo tcns if, rugged and harsh. We may 
say thc rame of Athens, Actium, Thebcs, Sparta, and most of those towna in 
Greece. lquremberg in Germany is sited in a most barren soil, yet a noble 
imperial city, by the sole indush T of artificers, and cunniug trades, they draw 
tll riches of most countries to them, so expert in manufactures, that as Sallust 
long since gave out of the like, Sedem animce in extremis digltis haben, their 
soul, or intellectus agens, was placed in thcir fingers' end; and so we may say 
¢f Basil, Spire, Cambray, Fmnktort, &c. If is almo.t incredible to speak 
what some write of 5Iexico and the cities a,ljoining to tU, no place in the world 
af their first discovery more popdous,  Iat. Riccius, the Jesuit, and some 
¢Ahers, relate of the industry of the Chinese most populous conntries, not a 
beggar or an idle pemon to be seen, and how by that means they lWosper and 
flourih. We bave the mme means, able bodies, pliant wits, marrer of ail 
.orts, wool, flax, iron, tin, lead, wood, &c., nmny excellent subjects to work 
upon, only industry is wanting. We send our best commodities beyond the 
seas, which tbey make good use of to their necessities, set themselves a work 
about, and sevcrally improve, oending the same to us back at dear rates, or 
dse make toys and baubles of the tails of them, which they sell to us again, 
st as great a rcckoning as the whole. In most of out citics, sone few excepted, 
like YSpanish loiterers, we lire whol]y by tippling-inns and aie-bouses. Ialt- 
ing are their best ploughs, their greatest traffic fo sell ale. "Meteran and 
some others object to us, that we are ao whit so industrious as the Hol- 
lauriers: "5Ianual trades (saith he) which are more curious or troublesome, 
are who]ly exercised by strangers: they dwell in a sea full of fish, but they 
are so idle, they will hot catch so much as shall serve their own turns, but 
buy it of their neighbours." Tush «J£ave liberum, they fish undcr out noses, 
and scll it fo us when they bave donc, af their own prices. 
« Pudet hoec opprobria nobia 
]t dici potuise et non potuiae refelli." 
I am ashamed to hear this objected by strangers and know hOt hooe fo 
answer it. 
Amonst our towns there is only  London that beam the face of a city, 
 JE2fitome JBrilan-nioe, a famous emTorium , second to noue beyoud sens, a noble 
nmrt: but soht crescit, crescentibus alii8; and yet in my slender judgment, 
defective in many things. The test (asome few excepted) are in mean estate, 
rainous most part, poor, and fidl of begga, by reason of their decayed trades, 
neglected or bad policy, idleness of their inhabitants, riot, which had rather 
beg or loiter, and be ready to starve, than worl 
I cannot deny but that something may be said in defence of our cities, "tha 
they are not so fair built, (for the soie magtLificence of this kingdom, concern- 
t .Munst. eosm. 1. 5. e. 7. Agro omninm rernm infoecandissimo, aqu indigente, inter saxeta, urba 
tamen clcgantissima, oh Oricntis ncgotiationes et Occidentis.  Lib. 8. Geogr : ob asperum itum. 
z Lib. Edit. à Kic. Tregant. Belg. A. 1616. exleàit, in smas. rUbi nobiles probi loco habent 
m'tcm aliquam profi/cri. Cleonard. ep. 1.1. • Lib. 13. Bc]g. Hist. non tare laboriosi ut Beigne, 
liispani ofiatores vitam ut plurimum otiosam agentcs; artes manuariæ quœe plurimum habcnt in se labori 
et diflicultatis, majoremq; requirunt industri,.m a pere¢winis et exteris excrcentnr; habitant in picosiasimo 
mari, interea tantum non piscantur quantum insuloe 5uffecerit, sed à vicinis emere cogv.atur, • Grotil 
Liber.  Urbs animis numeroque potens, et robore gentis. Scaliger. * Camden. d York, Bristow, 
vt icll Wol'cc»'.r, &c. • M. Gainsford's Argument. B'.cau e gentlemen dwell with us in thc cotlatry 



Democritus fo thv Reacr. 53 

ing buildings, hath been of old in those Normxn castles anà religious houses,) 
so rich, thick ited, populous, as in some other countries; bcsides the reasona 
Cardan gives, Subtil. Z/b. 11. we want wine and oil, their two harvests, we 
dwell in a colder air, and for that cause must a little m»re liberally ffeed of 
flesh, as all northern countries do: out provisions will hot therefore extend to 
the maintenance of so many; ye notwithstanding we bave marrer of all sorts, 
an open sea for traffic, as well as the test, goodly haveus. And how tan we 
excuse our negligence, our flot, drunkinness, &c., and such enormities that 
follow if? We bave excellent laws enacted, you will say, severe statures, 
bouses of correctiin, &c., to small purpose it seems; it is not bouses wil[ 
serve, but cities of correction;  our trades generally ought fo be reformed» 
wants supplied. In other countries they bave the saine grievances, I confess, 
but that doth not excuse us, h vants, defects, enormities, idle drones, tumults, 
discords, contention, law-suits, many -laws ruade agoEinst them to repress those 
innumerable hrawls and lav-suits, excess in apparel, diet, decay of tillage, 
depopulation* especially aguinst rogues, beggars Egyptian vagabonds (so 
termed ai leat) which bave swarmed all over Gcrmany, France, Italy, 1)oland, 
as you may rend in ]Iunster, Cranzius, and Aventinus; as those Tartars and 
rabians af this day do in the easte countries: yet such bas been the 
iniquity if all ages, as it scems fo small purpose. Ne»w i nostrâ civitat 
mendicus esto, saith Plato: he will bave them purged fim a  commonwealth» 
 "as a bad humour from the body," that are like so many ulcers and boils, 
and must be cured before the melaucholy body can be eased. 
Vhat Carolus Magnus, the Chinese, the Spaniards, the Duke of Saxony, 
and many othcr states have decreed in this case, read A rniseus, cap. 19 ; 
JBoterus, libro 8, cap. 2 ; Osarius de Rebz gest. JEman. lib. 11. When a countr) 
is overstocked with people, as a pasture is oft overlaid with cattle, they had 
'ont in former rimes to disbm'den themselves, by scnding out colonies, or by 
wars, as those old Romans; or by employing them at home about some public 
buildings, as bridges, road-ways, for which those omans were çaanous in this 
iland ; as Augustus Coesar did in lome, the Spaniards in their Indian mine.% 
as at 1)otosi in 1)eru, where some 30,000 men are still af work, 6000 furnaces 
ever boiling, &c. ° aqueducts, bridges, havens, taose tupend works of Trajan, 
Claudius, ai ° Ostium, Dioclesiaui Therma, Fucinus Lacus, that Piroeum in 
Atheus, ruade by Themistocles, amphithcatrums of curio as marble, as at Verona, 
Çivi "ts lhiliipi, and Hcraclea in Thrace, those Appian and F]aminian ways, 
prodigious works all may witness; and rather thau they should bc » idle, as 
those «Egyptian Pharaohs, hIaris, and Sesostris did, fo task their subjects to 
build unnecessary pyramids, obclisks, labyrinths, clmnnels, lakes, gigautie. 
works al], to divert them ïrom rebellion, riot, drunkenne$%  Quo scilice$ 
aladur., e$ ne v«gando laborare desuescant. 
Another eye-sore is that waat of couduct and navigable rivers, a grca 
blemish as "Boterus, Hippolitus a Collibus, and other politicians hold, ff it bo 

villages our citles are less, ta nothing to the purpose; put three hundred or four huudred villages in a ahire 
and evcry village yield s gentieman, what is four huudred families fo increase one of out cities, or to con- 
tend with theirs, which stand thicker t And whereas ours usually cousist of scven thouaaud theirs consiat 
of fortv thousand inhabitants. Maxima pars victSs in carne consistit. Polyd. Lib. 1. Hist. s Refroe- 
nate rono o|ii licentiam, pauciores alantm" otio redintcgrctur agcolatio, lanificium instauretlr, ut 
p , 
honetum negotium quo e exerceat otioa illa turba, lgisi hi malis medentul; frustra exercent justRiam. 
h,r. Utop. Lib. I.  Mancipiis locuples eget oeris Cappadocum tex. Hor. * Regis dignitatis non 
exevcere imperium In mendico sed in opulento. Non est regni dectta, ed carceris ese cttsto. Idem. 
t Colluvica hominttm nlirabilca excocti solo, immundi vestes foetti vi8u, furti lmprimis acces, &c.  Cos- 
mog. iib. 3. cap. 5. f "Let no one in out city be a beggar."  Seneca. Baud minus turpia principi 
m Ac ituttam et bilera a corpore (11 de Iegg ) mnes vu|t 
rouira 8upplic;a, quàm medico multa tuners. P . - 
exterminarL  Sec Lipsitta Admiranda. « De quo huer. in Claudio, et P|imus, c. 36 p Ut egestati 
imul et ignavl- occurratur, opificia condiscantur, tcnues ubleventur Bodin. 1 6. ¢. 2. hum. 6, 7. 
q AmasIs 7'gypti rex legem promuigavit, ut otaries subditi quotanni rationem redderent unde viverent, 
• Buscoldus discurau polit, cap. 2. "whereby they are supported, and do hot become vagrants by being lcsa 
accustomed to labom'." • Lib. 1. de increnl. Urb. cap. 6. t Cap. 5. de itcrem, ur. tuas flumcn, lactt 
aa max allait. 



 Demoeu o I Rewer. 

neglected in a commonwealth. Admirable cost and charge is bcstowed in the 
Low-countries on this behalf, in the duchy of Milanæ territory of Padua, in 
 France, Italy, China, and so likewise about corrivations of water fo moisten 
and refresh barren grounds, fo drain fcns bogs, and moors. Massiniss ruade 
many inward parts of Barbary and Numidia in Africa, before his rime incult 
and horrid, fruitful and bartable by this meaTLs. Gl'et industry is generally 
used all over the eatern countries in this klnd, especially in Egypt, about 
tabylon and Damascus, as Vcrtomanmls and "Gotardus Arthus relate; about 
]Barcelona, Segovia, Murcia, and many other places of Spain, ]Iilan in Italy ; 
by reason of which their soli is much impovcrished, and infini te commodities 
arise to the inhabitants. 
The Turks of late attempted to eut that Isthmus betwixt Africa nd Asia, 
which • Sesostris and Darius, and some Pharaohs of Egypt had formerly 
undertaken, but with iii success, as • DiodorL[s Siculus records, and Pliny, for 
that Red-sea being three • cubits higher than Egypt, would havc drowned all 
the country, coept,) destiterant, they left off; yet as the saine Diodorus writes, 
Ptolemy renewed the work many years aftcr, and absolçed it n a more oppor- 
tune plaoE 
That Isthmus of Corinth was li:wise undertalen fo be ruade navigable by 
Demetrim, by Julius Coesar, N,. "o, Domitin, Hcrodes Atticus, to ma]ce a 
speedy °passage, and less dangcr,, from the Ionian and 2Ejen sens; but 
because it could hot be so well aflbc 'd, thePcloponnesians built a wall like out 
Picts' wa|l about Schœemxte, where iNeptune's temple stood, aud in the shortest 
eut over the Isthmus, of whch Diodorus, lib. 11. Herodotus, lib. 8. Vran. Out 
latter writers call it Hexamilium, which Amurath the Turk demolished, the 
Venetians anno 1453, repaired in 15 days with 30,000 mon. Some, saith 
Acosta would bave a passage eut from Panama fo Nombre de Dios in 
America; but Thuanus and Serres the French historians speak of a ramons 
aqueduct h France, intended in Henry the Fourth's rime, from the Loire to 
the Seine, and from Phodanus fo th Loir.. rhc like fo which was formerly 
assayed by Domitian the emperor, « from Arar to ±Ioselle, which Cornelius 
Tacitus speaks of in the 13th of his nnals, afer by Charlcs thc Great and 
others, l[uch cost hath in former rimes beeu bestowed iu either new making 
or mending channe|s of rivers, and their passages, (as AUl'clianus did by Tiber 
to make it avi_able fo Rome, to convey corn from Egypt to the city, vadun 
alvei tu»oenls .]odi$ saith Vopiscus, e Tiberis 'ipas extruit, ho eut fords 
ruade banks, &c.) decayed havens, which Claudius the cmpcror, wth nfinite 
pains and charges attempted at O.tia, as I bave said, the Venetiaus at this 
day to preserve their city ; many ëxccllent means to enrich thcir territories, 
havc ben fostered, invented in most provinccs of Europe, as planting some 
lndmn pL«ts amongst us, silk-worms, the very mulberry leaves n the plains 
of Gran.'tda yield 30,000 crowns per annum to thc king of Spain's coffcrs, 
besides those mauy trades and artitlcers thtt arc busied about them in the 
kingdom of Granada, Iurcia, and ail over Spath. Iu Fnce a great beuefit 
is raised by sait, &c., whcther thcse things might hot be as happily attempted 
with us, and wth lJke success, it may be controverted silk-worms (I menu), 
viaes, tir trecs, &c. Cm'dan exhorts Edward the Sixth to plant olives, and is 

• InczelbLlem eommolittem, vecteur merctvn t¢ fluvli nigab, &e. oLe e Gall = er 
dot. y lnd. Oent. cap. 2. Rotam In medio flumine constitut, l ex peHib anlmum nsut 
uter sppendt, bi dura rots movet, square p cgnal» &c. a Cent ped lata fo 30. ara. 
• Cona to that of chlmed who holds e supcl of aH water even. b Lib. 1. cap. 3. 
• Dion. Pani et Nie. OErbeli. Mster. Co. Lib. 4. p. 36. Ut breor foretnav¢tio et minu 
erlculoss.  Chart the Grt nt about  me a chnel om the Rhe to tht Dx be. fl. Pir- 
imer dript. Ger. e  are yet seen about Wnbg om Rednich to Almul. 't nsvigabili 
Intoe se Ooeidt et Septentrio Httora erent. • ag OEo. e de re 9. 
b. L drtbit. 



fillly persuaded they would prosper in this island. With us, navigable rivers 
are most part neglected; our streams are hot great, I confess, by rea.soa ofthe 
narrowness of the island, yet they run smoothly and even, hot headlong, swifg, 
or amongst rocks and shelves, as foaraing l%hodanus and Loire in France, 
Tigris in Mesopotamia, violent Durius in Spain, with cataracts and whirl- 
pools, as the Ihine, and Danubius, about Shaffausen, Lausenburgh, Linz, and 
Cremmes, to endanger navigators; or broad shallow, as lqeckar in the lala- 
tinate, Tibris in Italy; but calm and fuir as Arar in France, tIebrus in Mace- 
donia, Eurotas in Laconia, they gently glide along, and might as well bo 
repaired many of them (I mean Wye, Trent, Ouse, Thamisis af Oxford, tho 
defect of which we feel in the mean rime) as the Iiver of Lee froln Ware fo 
London. B. Atwater of old, or as some will ttenry I., ¢made a channel from 
Trent to Lincoln, naviable; which now, saith Mr. Oamden, is decayed, and 
much raention is ruade of anchors, and such like monuments found about old 
 Verulamiura, good ships bave formerly corae to Exeter, and many such places, 
whose channels, havens, port are now barred and rejected. We contcmn this 
benefiç of carriage by waters, and are thercfore compelled in the inner parts of 
this island, because portage is so dear, fo eut up our commodities ourselves, 
and lire like so many boars in a sty, for want of vent and utterance. 
We bave many excellent havens, royal havens, Falmouth, lortsmouth, ]Iil- 
lord, &c. equivalent if hot fo be preferred fo that Indian ttavanna, old Ban- 
dusium in Ita]y, Aulis in Greece, Ambracia in Acarnin, Suda in Crete, which 
bave few ships in thcm, little or no traffic or trade, which bave scarce a village 
on them, able to bear great cities, sed viderint polilici. I could here justly tax 
many other negleets» abuses, en'ors, defects amont us, and in other countries, 
depopulations, riot, drunkenness, &c. and many such, quce unc in aurore 
susurrare on liber. But I must take heed, e quid gravius dica» b that I do 
hot overshoot myself, Sus xlIinervam, I ara forth of my element, as you perad- 
vcnture suppose; and sometimes veritas odium parit, as ho said, "ver:] uice and 
oat.meal is good for a parrot." For as Lucian said of an historian, I say of a 
politician. ]_[e that will freely speak and write, raust be for over no subject, 
under no prince or law, but lay out the matter truly as if is, hot caring whag 
any can, mill, like or dislike. 
We bave good laws, I deny hOt, fo rectify such enormities, and so in ail 
other countries, but if scems hot always to good purpo. We had need of 
some general visitor in our age, tha should reform what is amiss; a jusg 
army of I¢osie-crosse men, for they will amend all mattcrs (they say), religion, 
policy, manners, with arts, sciences, &c. Another Attila, Tamerlane, Herculos, 
to strive with Achelous, Augece stabulum pro'gag'e, to subdue tyrants, as he 
did Dioraedes and Busil'is: to expel thieves, as ho did Cac.us and Lacinius: 
fo vindicate poor captives, as ho did ttesione: fo pass the torrid zone, tho 
deserks of Lybia, and purge the world of monsters and Centatrs: or another 
Theban (]rates to reform our manners, to compose quan'els and controversics, 
as in his rime ho did, and ,vas therefore adored for a god in Athens. "As 
ttercules  purged the world of monsters, and subdued them, so did ho fight 
against envy, lust, anger, avat-ice, &c. and all those feral vices and monsters of 
the mind." It were fo be wished we had some such visitor, or if wishing 
would serve, one had uch a tng or rings, as Timolaus desired in Lucian, by 
virtue of which ho should be as strong as 10,000 men, or ara army of giants, 
go invisible, open gares and castle doors, have what treasure ho would, trans- 

tCamden in Llncoln«hire. Fossedike. * Near S. Alba, « which must hOt now be whlspered In 
the ear." • Lisiu tlirald. 1Nat. cornes. I ,puleiu, lib. 4. Flor. Lar. familiaris Inter hominee oetatiS 
suoe cultue eet, litium omniurn et Jurgiorum Inter propinquos arbiter et disceptator. Adversus iracundiamz 
invidiam, avaritiam, libidinem, ceteraq; an|mi humani vitia et monetra plfiloeol3hu Lte Herculea fttit- 
Peat ea* mentibua exegit onme &c. t Voti navig 



6 

De,noeritua o tle Res/Jet. 

port himself in an instant fo what place he desired, alter aff, et;ons, cure all 
manncr of diseases, that he might range over the world, and reform ail dis- 
tressed states and persous, as he would himself. He might reduce those 
wandering Tartars in order, that infest China on the one side, Iuscovy, Poland, 
on the other; and tame the vagabond Arabians that rob and spoil those eastern 
«,untries, that they should never use more caravans, or janizaries to conduct 
them. He might roof out barbarism out of Ameriea, and fully discover Terra 
Australis Incoçnlta, find out the north-east and north-west passages, drain 
those mightyMoeotian fens, eut down thosc vas Hircinian woods, irrigate those 
barren Arabian deserts, &c. cure us of out epidemical diseases, scorbutum, 
1,1ica, morbus 2Veapolitanus, &c. end all out idle eontroçersies, eut off our tumul- 
tuous desires, inordinate lusts, root out atheism, impiety, heresy, schism, and 
superstition, which now so crucify the world, catechise gross ignorance, purgo 
Italy of luxm T and flot, Spain of superstition and jealousy, Germany of drunk- 
enness, all ota- northern country of gluttony and intemperanee, castigate out 
hard-hea»tcd parcnt masters, tutors; lash disobedient children, negligent 
ser'ants, correct these spendthrifts and prodigal sons, enforce idle persons to 
work, drive drunkards offthe alehouse, repress thieves, riait corrupt and tyran- 
niziug magistrates, &c. But as L. Licinius taxe,1 Timolans, you may u 
The are vain, absurd and ridiculous wishes not tobe hoped : ail must be as 
itis, Bocchalinus may cite commonwealths to come before Apollo, sud seek 
to reform the world itself by commissioners, but there is no remedy, if may 
hot be redressed, dsbent homines tutu demum stultescere quando esse desinent, 
so long as they can wag their beards, they will play the knavea and fooLs. 
]ecause, thcrefore, itis a thing so difficult, impossible, and far beyond Her- 
cules' labom tobe performcd; let them be rude, stupid, ignorant, incult, lapi. 
super lapidera oe(]zat, and as the 'apologist will, 'esp. tussi, e graveolenti.t 
l,tbore, tundus vitio, lct them be barbarous as they are, let them "tyrannize, 
cpicurize, oppre, luxuriate, consume thcmselvcs with iictions, snperstitions, 
l.wsuits, wars and contentions, lie in flot, poverty, want, miry; rebel, 
wallow as so many swine in their own dung, with Ulysses' companions, stultos 
.tbeo esse libenter. I will yet, to satisfy and please myself, make an Utopia 
of mine own, a new Atlantis, a poetical commonweMth of mine own, in which 
 will freely domineer, build cities, make laws, statute¢ as I list myself. And 
'hy may I hot?--* Pictoribus arque poetis, &c. You know what liberty 
poet ever had, and besides, my predecessor Democritus was a politician, a 
recorder of Abdera, a law maker as some say; and why may hot I presume so 
nmch as he did? Howsoever I will adventure. For the site, if you will 
needs urge me toit, I ara hot fully resolved, it may be in Terra Aust'ali 
Incognita, thcre is room enough (for of my knowledge neither that hungry 
Spaniard,+ nor hlercurius Britannicus, bave yet discovered half of if) or else 
oue of tho floating islands in ]Iare del Zut, which like the Cyanian isles in 
the Euxine ses, altcr their place, and are accessible only at set rimes, and to 
some few peons; or one of the Fortunate isles, for who kuows yet where, or 
which they are? there is room enough in the iuner parts of America, and 
northern coasts of A«ia But I will choose a site, whose latitude shall be 45 
dcgrees (I respect hot minutes) in the midst of the temperate zone, or perhaps 
under the equator, that :paradi of the world, ubi semper vi'ens laurus, &c. 
where is a perpetual spring: the longitude for some reasons I will conceal. 
ct "b¢ if knowa to al men by these presents," that ff any honest gentle- 
man will send in so much money, as Cm'dan allows an astrologer for casting 
a nativity, he shall be a sharer, I will acquaint him with my project, or ff any 

 Raggna]ios, part 2, cap. 2, et part 3, ¢. 1¥. Velent. Andreoe Apolog. manlp. 604.  Qui 
ordidus est ordescat adhuo. * Hor. "" Ferdlnsndo Quir. 1612.  Vide Acosta et Lalet. 



Dcrwcrus o Ute Read¢r. 7 

worthy man will stand for any temporal or spiritual office or dignity, (for as 
he said of his archbishopric of Utopia, 'sis anctus ambi2u, and hot amiss to 
be sought after,)it shall be freely given without ail iutBre2ions, bribes, 
lestera, &c. his own worth shall be the best spokesman; and because we shall 
admis of no deputies or advowsons, if he be suflïciently qualified, and as ablo 
as willing to execute the place himself, he slmll have prescrit possession. If 
shall be divided into 12 or 13 provinces, and those by hills, rivers, road-ways, 
or some more eminent limits exactly boundecl. Each province shall bave  
metropolis, which shall be so placed as a centre almost in a circumference, and 
the rest at equal distances, some 12 Italian mlles asuader, or thereabout, and 
in them shall be sold all things necessary for the use of man ; statis ho,ris et 
d/ebus, no market towns, markets or fiixs, for they do but beggar cities (no 
village shall stand above 6, 7, or 8 mlles from a city) except those emporiums 
which are by the sea side, general staples, marts, as Antwerp, Venice, Bergen 
oî old, London, &c. cities most parç shall be situated upon navigable rivers or 
lakes, creeks, havens; and for their form, regular, round, square, or long square, 
m with fair, broad, and straight n streets, bouses uniform, built of brick and stone, 
like ]3ruges, Brussels, lZhegium Lepidi, Berne in Switzerland, hIilan, Mantua, 
Crema, Cambalu in Tartary, described by ]X[. Polus, or that Venetian palma. I 
will admis very few or no suburbs, and those of baser building, walls only to keep 
out man and horse, except it be in some frontier towns, or by the sea side, and 
those to be fortified °afçcr the latest manner of fortification, and situated upon 
convenient havens, or opportune places. In every so built city, I will have 
convcnient churches, and separate places to bury the dead in, nos in church- 
yards; a c.itadella (in some, nos all) to comluaud i, prisons for offenders, oppor- 
tune market places of ail sorts, for corn, meat, cattle, fuel, fi.sh, commodious 
courts of justice, public halls for ail socicties, bourses, meeting places, armouries, 
tin which shall be kept engines tbr quenching of tire, artillery gardens, publie 
walks, theatres, and spacious fields allotted for ail gyranastic sports, and honest 
recreations, hospitals of all kinds, for children, orphans, old folks, sick men, 
mad men, soldiex, post bouses, &c. hot built lreeari5, or by gouty benefactors, 
v¢ho, when by fraud and rapine they bave extorted all their lires, oppressed 
xvhole provinces, societies, &c. give something to pious uses, build a satistctory 
alms-house, school or bridge, &c. aS their last end or before perhaps, which is 
no othervise than to steal a goose, and stick down a feather, rob a thousand 
to relieve ten; and those hospitals so built and maintained, hot by collections, 
benevolences, donaries, for a set number, (as in ours,) jut so many and no 
more at such a rate, but for all those who stand in need, be they more or less, 
and that e 1oublico eerario, and so still maintaied, wn nobis solùm nati 
sumus, &c. I will have conduits of sweet and good water, aptly disposed in 
each town, common «granaries, as aS Dresden in h.[isnia, Stetein in Pomer- 
land, lqoremberg, &c. Colleges of mathematicans, musicians, and actors, as 
of old at Labedum in Ionia, "alchymists, physicians, artists, and philosophers : 
that ail arts and sciences may sooner be perfected and better learned and 
public historiographers, as amongst those ancient 'Persians, qu-i 6t commen- 
tarios 'eferebant ques remoratu digna gerebantur, informed and appointed by 
the state to register all famous acts, and nos by each insufficient scribbler, 
partial or parasitical pedant, as in out rimes. I ,viii provide public schools of 
ail kinds, singing, dancing, fencing, &c. especially of grammar and languages, 
hot tobe taught by those tedious precepts ordinaa-ily used, but by use, example, 

m Vide Patritlum, llb. 8. tir. 10. de lnstit Relpub. • Sic olim Hlppodamu M]leslu Arist. polit, cap. 
11. et Vitruvius I. I. c. ult. e With walls of earth, &c.  De his Plin. epist. 42. lib. 2. et Tactt. 
Annal. 13. lib. q Vide Brisonlum de regno Perse lib. 3. de his et Vegetium, lib. 2. cap. 3. de Aunona. 
t Not to mske gold, but for matters of physic, • Broenius Josephus, lib. 2I. antlquit. Jud. cap. 6. 
leod, tib. 3. 



8 

Democrtus to the l"2eader. 

conversation, t as travellet learn abroad, and nurses teach their chihlren: as 
I will haro all such places, so will I ordain Dpublic governors, fit ofccrs to 
each place, treasurers, oediles, questors, overseers of impils, vidows' goods, 
and all public houses, &c. and those once a year to make strict accounts of all 
rcceipts, expenses, to avoid confusion, e /cfie u non absumant (as Pliny to 
Trajan,) quodpudeat dieere. They shall be subordinate to those higher ofcers 
and governors of each city, which shall hot be poor tradesmen, and mean 
artificers, but noblemen and gentlemen, vhich shall be tied to residence in 
those towns they dwell ncxt, at such set aimes and seasons: for I see no 
reaon (which z]:[ippolitus complains o£) « that if should be more dishonour- 
able for noblemcn fo govern the city than the country, or unseemly to dwell 
there now, than of old." ai will have no bogs, fens, marshes, vast woods, 
deserts, heaths, commons, but all inclosed; (yet hot depopulated, und there- 
fore take heed you mistake me hot) for that which is common, and every 
man's, is no man's; the richest countries are still inclosed, as Essex, Kent, 
with us, &c Spain, Italy; and where inclosms are least in qnantity, they are 
best "husbandcd, as about Florence in Italy, Damscus in Syria, &c. which 
are liker gardens than fields. I will hot bave a barren acre in all my teTi- 
tories, hot so much as the tops of mountains: where nature fails, if shall be 
supplied by art: lakcs and rivers shall hot be left desolate. Ail common 
highways, bridges, banks, corrivations of waters, aqueducts, channels, public 
vorks, building, &c. out of a bcommon stock, curiously maintained and kept 
in repah- ; no depopulations, engrosslngs, alterations of wood, arable, but by the 
consent of some supervisors that shall be appointed for that purpose, to see 
what reformation ought to be had in all places, what is amis, how to heIp it, 
et quid queeque ferat regio, et quid queeque recuset, what ground is aptest for 
wood, vhat for eorn, what for cattle, gardens, orehards, fishponds, &e. vith a 
charitable division in every village, (hot one domineering hou greedily to 
swallow up ail, vhieh is too eommon 'ith us) vhat tbr lords, "what for 
tenants; and beeause they shall be better eneouraged to ilnprove sueh lands 
they hold, manlu, plant trees, drain, fenee, &e., they shall bave long leases, a 
known rent, and known fine to free them from those intolerable exaetions of 
tyrannizing "laudlords. These supervisors shall likewise appoint what quantity 
of land in eaeh manor £s fit for the lord's demesnes, «what for holding of 
tenants, how it ought to be husbanded, ut °magnetlsequis, Minyoe gens cognitct 
'emls, how to be mannrd, tilled, reetified, *hic se(le.tes venlunt, illie fodicigts 
uvee, arborei fvetus alibi, arque injussa virescunt Gramina, and what proportion 
is fit for alI callings, because private professors are many times idiots, iii 
husbands, oppressors, covetous, and know hOt how to improve their own, or 
else vholly respect their own, and hot public good. 
Utopian parity is a "kind of govcrnmcnt, to be vihed fr, «rather than 
effected, Respub. Chrlslianopolitana, Campanella's city of the Snn, and that 
new Atlantis, vitty fichons, but mere chimeras and Plato's community in many 

tSo Lod. Vives thinks best, Con]meus, and others.  Plato 3. de legg. 'ffdiles crearl rult, qui fors, fontes 
vias, portua, plateas, et id genus alia procurent. Vide Isaacun] POntanum de cie. An]stcl. hoec omnia &co 
Gotardum et alios, ffi De lncren], urb. cap. 13. Ingenuè fateor me non intclligere cur iffnobilius sit 
bene n]unita colere unc quàm olim, aut casoe rustic. prœeee quàn] urbi. Iden] Ubertus Foliot., de NeapolL 
 Ne tantillum quiden] soli incultun] relinquitur, u verun] sit ne pollicen] quiden] agri in his regionibu steriiera 
tut infoecundura reperirL larcu Hemingius Augnstanu de reg'no Chinoe, 1.1. ¢. 3. • M. Carew, tt 
survey of Cornwall, saith that before that country wa inclosed, the husbandn]en drauk water, did eat littl 
or no bread, fol. 66. lib. 1. their apparel was coarse, they weut bare-legged, their dweliing w& correspond. 
ent; but s|nce Inclsure, they lire decently, and bave n]o.ney to sp.eïd. (fo.l. 23); wheu their fields wer 
con]n]on, their wool was coare, Cornish halr; but since lnclosure, zz  aimost as good as Cotawol, 
tbeir soil n]ach n]ended. Tusser, cap. 52. of his husbandry, !s of l_ris opinion, one acre inclosed, la worth 
three con]mon. The country inclosed I pralse; the other.dehghteth hot nie, for nothing of wealth it doth 
raise, &c • Incredibilis navigiorum copis, nihilo paucores in aquia, quan] in continenti comn]oranturo 
M. Ricceus expedit, in Sinaa, !. I. c. 3. b To this purpose, Ar-t. dpolit. 2, e. 6. allows & third part of 
tbeir revenues, Hippodan]us ha]f. • It iex Agraria olim Ron]oe. Hic segctcs, illic veniun t foelicitm 
uv, Arborel foetus alibi, atq; tnjusa virecunt Gran]int. Virg. I. Georg. ® Lucanus» I. 6. * 
«Jol. Valent. Andrcoa Lord Verulam. 



things is impious, absurd and ridiculous, if takes away sll splcndour and mat« 
nificence. I will bave sevcral orders, degrees of nobility, and those hereditary, 
hot rejecting younger brothers in the mean rime, for they shall be sufficiently 
provided for by pensions, or so qualified, brought up in some honest calling, 
they shall be able to live of themselves. I will have such a proportion of 
ground belonging to cvet T barony, ho that buys tho land shall buy tho 
barony, he that by riot consume8 his patrimony, and ancient demesnes, shall 
forfeit his honours. As some dignities shall be hereditary, so some again by 
election, or by gift (besicles free offices, pensions, anmiities,) like our bishop- 
rics, prebends, tho Basso's palaces in Turkey, the hprocurator's hotses and 
offices in Venice, which, like the golden apple, shall be given to the worthiest, 
and best deserving both in war and peace, as a reward of thcir worth and good 
ervice, as so many goals for all to aire ai, (]wnos alit arts) and encourage- 
ments fo others. For [ liage these severe, unnatural, harsh, German, French, 
and Venetian decles, which exclude plebeians ri'oto honours, be they never so 
wise, rich, virtuous, valiant, aud well qualified, they must hot be patricians, 
but keep their own tank, this is n«turoe be[[um inferre, odious to God and men, 
I abhor it. lIy fore of government shall be monarchical. 
*  "nunquam libertas gratior extat» 
Qttam sub Rege pie:" &c. 
]Few laws, but those severely kept, plainly put down, and in the mother tonale, 
that every man may understand. Every city shall bave a peculiar trade or 
privilege, by which it shall be chiefly maintained : and parents shall teach their 
children one of three ai least, bring up and instruct them in the mysteries 
of their own trade. In each town these several tradesmen shall be so aptly 
disposed, as they shall free the rest ri'oto danger or offence: fire-trades, as 
smiths, forge-men, brewers, bakcrs, metal-men, &c., shall dwell al»ait by them- 
selves: dyers, tannei.% felmongers, and such as use 'ater in coavenient places 
by themselves: noisome or fulsome fr bad smells, as butchers' slaughter- 
bouses, chandlers, curriers, in remote places, and some back laues. Frater- 
nities and companies, I approve of, as merchants' bourses, colleg of druggists, 
l»hysicians, musicians, &c., but ail trades to be rated in the gale of wares, as 
our clerks of the market do bakers and brewers; corn itself, what scarcity 
soever shall corne, hot to exceed such a price. Of such wares as are trans- 
ported or brought in, if they be necessary, commodious, and such as nearly 
eoncrn man's life, as corn, wood, coal, &c., and such provision we cannot 
vant, I will have little or no custom paid, no taxes; but for such things as are 
for pleasure, delight, or ornament, as wine, spice, tobacco, silk, velvet, cloth of 
gold, lace, jewels, &c., a greater imposL I will have certain ships sent out for 
new diseoveries every year, and some direet men appointed to travel into all 
neighbouring kingdoms by land, which- shall observe what mificial inventions 
and good laws are in other countries, customs, alterations, or aught else, 
eoncerning war or peace, vhich may tend fo the common good. Ecclesiastical 
discipline, pertes Episcopos, subordinate as the other. No impropriations, no lay 
patrons of church livings, or one private man, but common societies, eoi'pora- 
tions, &c., and those rectors of benefices to be chosen out of the Universities, 
examined and approved, as the literati in China. No parish to contain abovo 
a thousand mtditors. If it were possible, I would have such priests as should 

• Se la |t in the kingdom of lq'aples and France. h Sec Contarent and Osorlus de rebus ge•ris Ema- 
uel. * Claudian 1.7. "Liberty never is more gratifying than under a pieu• king.  z Herodotus 
Erato lib. 6. Cum Egyptiis Lacedemonli in hec congruunt, quod eorum prtecones, tibicines, coqul, et reliqul 
artifices, in paterne artiflcio snccedunt, et coquus à coque gignitur, et paterne opere perseverat. Idem 
14arcus Polus de Qulnzay. Idem Osorius de Emannele rege Litano. Riccius de Sini•. • nippoL , 
collibus de increm, urb. c. 20. Plate idem 7. de legibus, quoe ad vitam nece.aria, et quibus carere non 
po•autans, nnllum dependi vectigat, &c. l Plate 12 de leglbus, t0 mmes haros vult» ut ni quld memorabfl« 
videreat elud oxteroç hoc llsum in remlmb, reciliatur. 



0 Democritua o ll eader. 

imitate Christ, charitable lawyers should love their neighbours as themselves, 
temperate and modest physicians, politicians contemn the world, philosophet 
should know themselves, noblcmen lire honestly, tradesmen leave lying and 
cozening, magistrates, conaption, &c., but this is impossible, I must get such 
as I may. I xvill therefore bave roof lawyers, judges, advocates, physiciaus, 
chirurgeous, &c., a set number, "and every man, if it be possible, fo plead his 
own cause, fo tcll that tale fo the judge which he doth to his advocate, as at 
ez in Africa, Bantam, Aleppo, Iagusa, sucre quisque c«usam dicte teetur. 
ïhose advoctes, chirurgeons, and *physicians, which are allowed to be main- 
tained out of the Pcommon treasury, no fees to be given or taken upon pain of 
losing their places; or iï thcy do, very small fees, and when the «cause is fully 
nded. "fie that sues any man shall put in a pledge, which if it be proved ho 
bath wrongfully sued his adversary, rashly or ma]iciously, he shall forfeit, and 
lose. Or else before any suit begin, the plaintiff shall have his complaint 
approved by a set delegacy to that puR-pose ; if it be of moment he shall be 
suffered as before, to proceed, if otherwise, they shall dctermh, e it. Ail causes 
shall be pleaded sup]oresso nomine, the parties' names concealed, if some circum- 
stances do not otherwise rcquire. Judges and other ooEcers shall be aptly 
disposed in each province, villages, cities, as common arbitrators to hear causes, 
w,.d end all controversics, and those not single, but three st least on the bench 
at once, to determine or give sentence, and those again fo sit by turns or lots, 
and hot to continue still in the saine ooEce. Io controversy to depend above a 
year, but without all delays and further appeals to be speedily dispatched, and 
finally concluded in that rime allotted. These and all other infcrior magis- 
trates to be chosen as the llterati in China, or by those exact suffrages of the 
*Venetians, and such again not to be eligib|e, or capable of magistracies, 
]mnours, ooEces, except they be snoEciently "qualified for learning, manners, and 
that by the strict approbation of reputed examiners: *first scholars to take 
place, then soldiers ; for I ara of Vigetius his opinion, a scho]ar deserves better 
than a soldier, because Uius cetttis sm,t quæ fortiter j£unt, çut çero pro 
utilitate ]?eiTub. crlbuntur, œeterna: a soldier's work lass ibr an age, a 
scholat:s for ever. If they misbehave themselves, they shall be deposed, and 
accordingly punished, and whether their offices be annual "or otherwise, once a 
year they shall be called in question, and give an account; for men are partial 
and passionate, merciless, covetous, corrul,t , subject to love, hate, fear, favour, 
&c., omne sub regno graviore regnum: like Solon' Areopagites, or those Roman 
Ccnsors, some shall visit others, and ° be visited iw/cem themselves,  they shall 
oversec that no prowling officer, under colour of authority, shall iusult over his 
inferiors, as so many wild beasts, oppress, domineer, flea, grind, or trample on, 
bc partial or corrupt, but that thcre be eequabilejus, justice equally done, lire 
as ïriends and brethren together; and which ¢Sesellius would bave and so much 
desires in his "lingdom of 'rance, "a diapason and sweet harmony of kings» 

m Simleras in Helvefia. "Utopienses causidicos excludunt, qui causa.s callide et vafre tractent et 
isptttent. Iniqttissimttm censtmt homiuem ullts ob[i«rilegibu% qu ttt nuerosiores mt, quàm tperlegl 
qucant, sut obscuriores quàm ut à quovis possint intelligi. Volunt ut suam quisqne causam agat, eanq; 
referat Judici quam narraturus fuerat patrono; $ic rninus erit ambag'urn, et veritaa facilius elicietur. Mor. 
Utop. ]. 2. o Medici ex publico victum sumunt. Boter. 1. I. c. 5. de gyptiis. p De hia le.ge Ptrit. 
]. 3. fit. 8. de relp. In$tit. « Nibii à clientibus patroni ecipiant, priusquam Ils finiin est. Barcl. Argen. 
lib. 3. • It is so in mosi kee cries in Germany. • Mt. Riccins exped, in Sinaa, 1. l. c. 5. de examio 
vatione electionum copivêè sgit, &c. Contar. de repub. Venet. 1.1. o Oser. l. 1]. de reb. gest. 
I.man. Qui in literis maxinos progreasus feceriftt maximis honoribns afltciuntur, secundns honoria gradn| 
nilitibus asaig,atur, postremi ordinis mecbanici, doctorum hominum Judiciia in altiorem locum qulstl; 
proefertur, et qui a pinrimis approbatur, ampliores in rep. dignitates conseqnitur. Qui in hoc examine 
primaa habet inigni per totam vitm digitate inignitr, marchioni sml, at dnci apnd nos. • Cedant 
arma togoe, • As in Berne, Lucerne, Friburge in S itzerlaftd, a vicioua liver la uncapable of a.uy office 
if a Senat-r, instantly deposed. Simlerus. • Not above three years, A]t. polit. 5. c. 8. • 
qtia custodiet ipeo custodes t v Cytreus in Greisgeia. Qtti noa ex ttbllri espiciant infertorea, nec ut 
hestiaa conculcent aibi aubditos» aucto»italia nomini confisi c. ¢6eelfiu de rel3. Gallorum» iib. 



l)emoere o  Reader. 61 

princes, nobles, and plebeians se mutually tied and involved in love, as well as 
laws and authority, as that they never disagTee, insult or encroach one upon 
another." If any man deserve well in his office he shall be rewarded. 
 « qui enim virtutem ample¢titur ipsam, 
Proemia si tollas "* 
]Ie that invents anything for public good in anyart or science, writes a treatise, 
« or performs any noble exploit, ai home or abroad, °s hall be accordingly 
enriched, honoured, and preferred. I saywith Hannibal in Ennitt, liesse»,. 
quiferiet erit nild Carthaœeinlensis, let him be of what condition ho will, in all 
offices, actions, he that deserves best shall bave best. 
Tilianus in Philonius, out of a charitable mind no doubt, wished all his books 
Were gold and siiver, jewels and precious stones, to redeem captives, set ff'ce 
prisoners, and relieve all poor distressed seuls that wanted menus; religiously 
done, I deny net, but te what purpose? Suppose this were se well doue, withiu 
a little after, though a man had Croesus' weaIth te bestov, there would be as 
many more. Wherefore I will surfer no Sbeggars, rogues, vagabonds, or idle 
persons at all, that canner give an account of their live how they maintain 
themselves. If they be impotent, lame, blind, and single, they shall be suffi- 
ciently maintained in several hospitals, built for that purpose; if married and 
infirm, past work, or by inevitable loss, or seine such like misfortune cast 
behind, by distribution of t cern, house-rent free, annual pensions or money, 
they shall be relieved, and highly rewarded for thir good service they bave 
formerly done; if able, they shail be enforced te work. "For I see no reason 
(as  hc said) why an epicure or idle drone, a rich glutton, a usurer, should lire 
at ease and de nothing, lire in boueur, in all manner of pleasures, and oppress 
others, when as in the meantime a poor lbourer, a smith, a carpente; an 
husbandman that bath spent his rime in continual labour, as an ass te carry 
burdcns te de the commonwealth good, and without whom we cannot live, shall 
bc left in his old age te beg or starve, and lead a miserable lire worse thaa a 
jument." Asall conditions shall be tied te their task, se noue shall be over- 
tired, but bave their set rimes of recreations and holidays, iwlulyer« gonio, 
feasts and merry meetings, even te the meanest artificer, or basest servant, 
once a veek te sing or dance, (though net aH at once) or de whatsoever ho 
shail please; like * that Saccarurafestura amongst the Persians, those Satwrxds 
in lome, as well as his toaster, ° If any be drunk, ho shall drink no more wine 
or strong drink in a twelvemonth after. A bankrupt shall be p Caademiatus 
in A mlghit.lwatro, publicly shamed, and h that cannot puy his debts, il" by riot or 
negligence, ho bave been impoverished, shall be for a twelvemonth imprizoned, 
il" in that space his creditors be net satisfied, Che zhall be hanged. He "tha 

* « For who wonid cultivate virtue Itself, if yon were te {ske away the reward ? » Si qnIs egregium 
.tut belle aut puce per?vcerit. Sesel. l. 1. * Ad regendam rempub. ,oli ]iterati admittuntur, 
ad eam rem gratia magistratuum ant regis indigent, omnia explorata cujusq; soientia et virtute pendent. 
Riccius lib. 1. cap. 5. fln defuneti locum eum jnssit subrogari, qui inter majores virtute reliqui$ 
lroeiret; non fuit apud mortales nllum exccllentius certamen, aut cus victoria mugis easet expetenda, non 
enim inter colores celerrimo, non in,er robustos robustissimo, &e. f Nullum videres vol in 
bac vol in vicinis regionibus pauperem, nuilum oboeratum, &c. s Nullus mendicus apud Sina 
emini ano, quam-is oclis turbatus sit, mendicare permittitur, omncs pro viribl ]aborare eoguntuG 
cci molis trusatilibus versandis addictmtur soli hospitiis gaudent, qui ad labores sunt ineptL 0ser. 1.11. 
de rob. gest. Emam Heming. de reg. Chin. 1.1. c. 3. Gotard. Arth. Orient. Ind. doser.  Aiex. ab 
Aiex. 3. c. 12. Sic olim Romoe lsaac. Pontan. de his optime. AmstcL 1.2. c. 9. ridera Aristo,t. 
poi. 5. c.8. Vitiosum quum soli pauperum lib¢ri educantur ad labores, nobilium et divitum in voluptatibus 
et delicii. Qum hoec ijustitia ut nobilis quispiam, aut foenerator qui nihil agst, ]autam et splendidmn 
vtam gt, otio et delieiis, quum intcrm uriga, f.ber, agricola, quo respub, carere non potest, vitam advo 
miseram ducat, ut pejor quam jumentorum sit ejus conditio t Inlqua resp. qum dat.parasiti, adulator]bus, 
inanium voluptatum artificibus generosis et otiosis tanta munera prodigit, st contr agTicolis, carbonari 
aurigis, fabri ,c nihil prospicit, sed eorum abua labore florentis oettia, fume penser et oerumnis, Mer. 
Utop. 1.2. m In egovl nemo otiosus, nemo meudicus nisi per œetatem aut morbum opus facer« 
on potest : nuiil deest unde victum qmeraL at quo se exercent. Cypr. Echovius Dent. Hispan. Nullus 
Genevoe otiosus, ne eptennis puer. Paulus Henzner Itiner. o Athenoeus, 1.12. o imlerus de 
repnb. Helvet.  Spartian. olim RÇmoe sic. « Ho that provides net for his famllyo is worse thaa 
• tuicf, l',uL Ah'rcdi lc : utra; manus et lingua pr»cgdatu G u,i eam calate re.lçmcrtt. 



62 /)emOCTtU to tl Rentier. 

commits sacrilege shall lose his hauds; he that bears false witness, or is of 
perjury convicted, shall bave Iris tongue eut out, except he redeem if wit.h his 
head. Iurder, ° adultery, shall be punished by death, t but hot theft., except 
it be some more grîevous oflence, or notorious offeniers: otherwise they shal| 
be condemned to the galleys, mines be his slaves whom they have offended, 
during their lives. I haie ail hereditary slaves, and that durera Persarum 
/eyem as ° Brisonius calls it; or as = 4 mmianua, impendio furmidatas e2 abo- 
minanda lee, per qttas ob oxam unius, omnis propinquitas perit, hard law 
that. wife and children, friends and allie., should surfer for the tatheFs offence. 
1o man shall mari T uni.il he rbe 25, no woman till she be 20, "isi aliter 
dispensatum ftt«it. If one "die, the other party shall hot. marry fill six 
months after; and because many families are compelled t.o lire niggardly, 
exhaast, and undone by great, dowers,  none shall be giveu ai. ail, or very 
little, and that. by supervisors rated, they t.hat, are foui shall have a grenier 
portion; if ça, none ai. ail, or ver T little: « howsoever hot. fo exceed such a 
rate as t.hose supervisors shall think fit.. And when once they corne o those 
years, povery shall hiuder no man from marfiage, or any other respect.,  but. 
ail shall be rather enïorced than hindered, ° excel,t, they be t dismembeld, or 
grievottsly deformed, infirm, or visited with some enormous heredit.ary disease, 
in body or mind; in such cases upon a great, pain, or mulct., man or woman 
shMl hot. marr; other order shall be t.aken for them fo t.heir content.. If 
people overabound, they shall be eased by  colonies. 
t_No man shall wear weapons in an), city. The same attire shall be kei, , 
and t.hat, proper to several callings, by which t.hey shall be distinguished. 
 Luxusfuerum shall be taken away, that. intethpes/ive expense moderated, 
and many oghers. Brokers, t.akers of pawns, biting usurers, I will hot. adroit; 
yet. because hîe cure Itominib on curn diis ayitur, we converse here with 
men, hot. with gods, and for the hardness of men's hearts, I will t.olerat.e some 
kind of usutT, t If we were honest, I confess, si probi essemus, we should 
bave no use of it., but. being as it. is, we must. necessarily admit, it.. Howsoever 
most. divines cont.radict, if, dicimus infwia, sed vox evt soht reperta est, it. must. 
be winked ag by politicians. And yet. some 'eat. doctors approve of it., Calvin, 
Bucer, Zanchius, P. MaioEyr, because by so many grand lawyers, decrees of 
emperors, princes" statures, customs of commonwealths, churches' approbat.ions, 
it. is permitted, &c. I will t.herefore allow it.. But. o no private petons, nor 
to every man that. will, to oq3hans only, maids, widows, or such as by reason of 
their age, sex, education, ignorance of trading, know hot. ot.herwise how to 
employ it.; and t.hose so approved, hot. t.o let. it. out. apar, but. t.o bring their 
money fo a "common bank which shall be allowed in evcry cit.y, as in Genoa, 
Gendre, uremberg, Venice, ag ° 5, 6, 7, no above 8 per centum, as the 

 SI qul nupinm stuprrit, virga vtrilis el proectdatur; si roulier, nas et auricula proecidantur. A]fredi 
lex. Èn lege ipsi Veneri Martiq; timendas, t Paupere non peccant, qnum extremà nccessitate coacti, 
rem allenam capiunt. aldonat. tummula quoest. 8. art. 3. Ego eurn illi$ sentio qni licere pntant à 
divite clam acciper% qui tenetur pauperi tubventre. Emmanuel Sa. Aphor. confes.  Lib. 2. 
de reg. Perarum.  Lib. 2. rAliter Aristoteles, a man ai 25, a woman ai 20. polit. 
• Lex. olim Licurgt, hodie Chinensinm ;._vide Plutarchum, Riccium, Hemminginm, Arniseum, evisanumo 
et alio$ de hec quoeatione, • Alfred. b Apud Lacone olim virffine tine dote nnbebaut: 
Doter. 1.3. c. 3. t Lege eautum non Ira prtdem apud Venetos, ne qui$ Patritin dotera excederct 
1500 coron, • Bux. ynag. Jud. St Judoei. Leo Afer Africoe descript, ne sint aliter incontinentes 
ob reipub, bonnm. Ut Augnst. Coesar. orat. ad coelibes Romanos olim edocnit. 
 Morbo laboran 
qui in prolem facile diffunditur, ne genns hnmanum foeda contagione loedatur, j uventute castratur, mulieres 
raies procul à contortio virorum ablegautur, &c. Hector Boethiu hier. lib. 1. de ver. Scotorum moribus. 
 Speeiosiimi j uven¢ liberis dabunt operam. Plato 5. de Iegibn • The Saxons exelude dumb» 
blind, leprous, and such lire persons from ail inheritance, as we do fool$, h Ut olim Romanl, 
litpanl hodie, &c. t Riccit lib. 11. cap. 5. de Sinarum expedit, sic Hispaui cogunt Mauroe arme 
deponere. 8o it is in most IinIian cities, • Idem Plato 12. de leglbus, it hath ever been immoderate 
vide Guil. Stuckium antiq, convival, lib. 1. cap. 26. i Plato 9. de legibut, mat tho$o 
Lombard$ beyond Seas, though with tOme reformatinn, rnon$ pietati, or bank of charlty, a Maline terres 
lt, cap. 33. Lex mercat, part 2. that lend money upon easypawnt, or take money upon adventure for men'$ 
live.  That proportion will make merchandise incret«e, land derer, and better improved a he bath 
udi¢ialiy proved in hi tract of usury» exhibited to the Parliamcnt tmno 1621. 



DemocrRus fo tTe Eear. 63 

supervisors, or cerarii proefecgi shall think fit. "And as it shall no° be lawfid 
for each man fo be an usurer that will, so shall if no° be lawïul for ail to take 
up money at use, no° fo prodigals and spendthriïts, but to merchants, young 
tradesmen, such as stand i need, or know honestly how to employ it, whose 
necessity, cause and condition the said supervisors shall approve of. 
I will bave no private monopolies, fo enrich one man, and beggar a multi- 
tude, Pmultiplicity of ooEce, of supplylng by deputie, weights and measures, 
the saine throughout, and those rectified by the Primum mobile, and sun's 
motion, threescore mlles to a degree according to observation, 1000 geometri- 
cal paces to a mlle, rive foot fo a pace, twclve inchcs to a foot, &c. and ri'oto 
mcasures known it is an easy matter fo rectify weights, &c. to cast up ail, and 
resolve bodie by a]gebra, stereometry. I hate wars if they be no° ad ]opi 
alutem, upon urgent occasion, " odt'mus accipitrem, quia semloer vivit in aris," 
«offensive wars, except the causc be very just, I will hOt allow of. For I do 
highly mtgmlfy that saying of IIannibal to Scipio, in "Livy, "It had been  
blessed thing ibr you and us, if God had given that mind to our predecessors, 
th.t you had been content with Italy, we with Africa. For neither Sicily nor 
Sardinia are worth such cost and pains, so many fleets and armies, or so many 
famous Captains' lives." Onnia prius tentada, fair means shall first bA 
tried, ° Peragit tran7uilla potestas, Quod violea nequit. I will have them 
proceed with all moderation : but hear you, Fabius my general, hot hIinutius, 
nain " qui Corçilio nithur i»l.us hostibus nocet, quàra qd sine animi ratione, 
viribus: And in such wars to abstain as much as is possible from tdepopula- 
tions, burning of towns, massacring of infants, &c. For defensive wars, I 
will have forces still ready at a small warning, by land and sea, a prepared 
navy, soldiers in procinctu» et quam  Bon.ff»dus apud Ilungaros suos vult, 
virgamferrean, and money, 'hich is nervus bell, still in a readiness, and a 
sufficient revenue, a third par as in old "Rome and Egypt, reserved for the 
commonwealth; fo avoid those heavy taxes and impositions, as well fo defray 
this charge of wars, as also all other public defalcations, expenses, fees, pen- 
sions, reparations, chaste sports, feasts, donaries, rewards, and entertainments. 
All things in this nature especially I will bave maturely done, and with great 
• deliberation : ne quid Yte.raer, ne quid vem/ssè a¢ tinddefg; Sed quSferor 
hospes  To prosecute the test would require a volume. .lanum de tabella, 
I have been over tedious in this subjcct ; I cou]d have here willingly ranged, 
but these straits wherein I ara included will hot pcrmit. 
From commonwealths and cities, I will descend to familles, which have as 
many corsives and molestations, as ïrequent discontents as the test. Great 
affinity there is betwixt a political and economical body; they differ only in 
magnitude and proportion of business (so Scaliger writes) as they bave both 
likely the saine period, as" Bodin and  Peucer hold, ou of Plato, six or seven 
hundred years, so many rimes they have the saine means of their vexation and 
overthrows; as namely, riot, a common ruin of both, riot in building, riot in 
profuse spending, riot in apparel, &c. be it in what kind soever, if produceth 
the saine effects. A ¢ corographer of ours speaking ab/ter of ancient tamilies, 

eIloe fere ZanchIus coin. in 4 cap. ad Ephes. œequissimarn vocat usuram, et char]tati ChristIanoe con- 
• entaneam, modo nou exigant, &c. nec otaries dent ad foenus, sed il Qui in pecuniis bona habent, et oh 
oetatem, sexum, artis alicujus ignorantiam, non possunt uti. l'ec omnibus scd mercatorbus et iis q honeste 
lmpendent, &c.  Idem apud Persas olim, lege Brisonium. *" We hate the hawk, because 
he always lires in bat°le2' q Idem Plato de legibus, • Lib. 30. Optimum quidem fuerat cam 
patribus nostris mentem a diis da°ara esse, ut vos Ita[ioe, nos Afr[c. lmperio contenti essemus. Neque enim 
Slcilia aut Sardinia safis digna precio unt pro tot clasibus, &c. • Ciaudian. ¢ Thucididc. 
fA depopuIatione, agrorum i.cendii, et ejusmodi factis immanibus. Plato. $ Hungar. dec. I. lib. 9. 
• Sese[lius, lib. 2 de repub. Gai. raide enlm est lndeecrum, ubi quod proeter opin[onem accidit, dicere, Non 
I)uram, presertim i res proecaveri potuerit. Livius, lib. 1. Dion. lib. 2. Diodortts Siculus lib. 2.-- 
z Peragit tranquilla potestss, Quod violents neqnit.---Claudian, • Bellum nec timendum nec 
I)rovocandum. Flirt. Panes'yr. Trjano. • Lib. 3. poet. cap. 19. Lib. 4. de reub, ca. 2. 
• Peucer. lib. 1. fie divinat.. « Camden in Cheshh'e. 



Demoe'tu to the Reader. 

why they are so frequent in the north, continue so long, are so soon extin- 
guished in the south, and  few, ves no other reason but thi.% luxus omnia 
dlsslpavit, riot bath consumed ail, fiue clothes and curious buildings came into 
this island, as he notes in his annals, hot s6 many years ince; wn sine dis- 
pe»lio lwspitalitatls, to the decay of hospitality. ]-Iowbeit many times that 
word is ntaken, and under the naine of bounty and hospitality, is shrouded 
rot and prodigality, and that which is commeadable in itself well used, hath 
bven mistaken heretofore, is become by his abtse, the banc and utter ruin of 
many a noble family. For me men lire like the rich gintton, consuming 
themselves and their substance by continual feasting and invitations, with 
 Axilon in ]Iomer, keep opcn bouse for ail come, giving entertainment to 
such as v[it them, "keeping a table beyond their means, and a company of 
idle servants (though hot so frequent as of old) are blown up on a sudden; and 
as Actoeou was by his hotmd devoured by their kinsmen, friends, and multi- 
tude of fvllowers. « It is a wonder that Pauhts Jovius relates of our northera 
countrics, what an infinite deal of mcat we consume on our tables; that I may 
truly say, 'tis hot bounty, hot hospitality, as itis often abused, but riot and 
excess, gluttony and prodigality; a mere vice; it brings in debt, want, and 
beggalT, hereditary diseases, cousumes their £orttmes, and overhrows the good 
tcmperature of their bodies. To this I might here well add their inordinate 
expense in building, those fanttieal bouses, turrets, walks, parks, &e. gaming, 
excess of pleasure, and that prodigious riot in apparel, by which means they 
are eompelled to break up bouse, and ereep into hole Sesellius in his eom- 
monwealth of Franee, gives three fessons why the French nobility were so 
frequently bankrupts: "First, because they had so many law-suits and con- 
tentions one upon another, whieh were tedious and eostly; by whieh means if 
came to pass, that eommonly Iawyers bought them out of their possessions. A 
second cause was their flot, they lived beyond their means, and were therefore 
swallowed up by merchant" (La lqove, a French writer, yiclds rive fessons 
of his eountrymen's poverty, fo the saine effeet almost, and thinks verily if the 
gentry of France were divided into ten parts, eight of them would be round 
nmeh impaireA, by sales, mortgages, and debts, or wholly sunk in their 
estates.) "The hst was immoderate exeess in apparel, whieh eonsumed their 
revenue" ttow this eoneerns and agrees with out" present state, look you. 
But of thls elsehere. As if is in a man's body, if either head, heart, stomach, 
liver, spleen, or any one part be misaffected, all the test surfer with it: so is 
it with this economieal body. If the head be naught, a spendthrift, a drunk- 
ard, a whoremaster, a gamester, how shoe the family lire st esse I "lpsa si 
cupia$ salus servare prarsus, non pote.st, hanc familiam, as Demea said in the 
c,,medy, Safety herseff eannot save it. A good, honest, painful man many 
times hath a shrew fo his wife, a sickly, dishonest, lothftd, foolish, careless 
woman fo lfis mate, a proud, peevish flirt, a liquorish, prodigal quean, and by 
that means all goes to ruin : or if they differ in nature, he is thrffty, she spends 
all, he wise, she sottish and sofa; what agreement can there bel what friend- 
shipi Like that of the thrush and swallow in 2Esop, imstead of mutual love, 
lind eompellations, whore and thief is heard, they fling stools st one another's 
head Que bemperies vexa banc familiam? All enforced marriages 
commonly produee such effeets, or ff on their behalfs it be well, as fo lire and 
agree lovingly together, they may bave disobedient and um-uly ehildren, tha$ 

• lllad. 6. llb. * Vide Puteani Comum, Gocleulum de porteutosls coenis uostrornm tempornm. 
¢Mirabile dictu est, quanfam opsoniorum Una domus singuli diebus absurnat, sternuntur mensoe in omne 
perte horaa, calentibus semper eduliis. Descrip. Britan. • Lib. I. de rep. Gallorum; qnod toi lires 
et causoe forenses, &Iiœe ferantur ex aliis, in immensnm prodncantnr, et magnos sumptat reqnirant, unde fit 
nt Juris administrl plerumque .... 
nobihum poçestones adqmrant, tutu quod Sumptuosè vivant et à m¢rcatoit- 
bus absorbentur et eplendi'aissimè vestiantur, &c. a Ter. tAmphit. Piau. 



Democrtus to the Rider. 65 

take ill courses fo disquieL them,  " their son la a thief, a pondthrlft, thcic 
daughter a hore;" a step 
or e for nç of mas, muny toure ari, debts, du, foes, 
jointur legacies tobe paid, annuities uing ont, by mus of hich, they 
bave hot wherewithal to maintaia themselvea in that pomp  their predec 
aom haro done, bring up or sw their cdren to their OEllia, to their 
bih and qHty, = and will sot deacend to their prient ibrtunea. 
tim, too, to aggmvate the test, concur many other inconveniences, unthaak- 
fui ends, decayed fiends, bl neighbours, negligen servants,  ser»ifur, 
vpel, caidi, occlusa  mil clavibu ant, furtbue; al)tan, 
copinant, liguunt; cualties, taxes, roulera, chargeable offices, vain ex- 
penses, enaents, lo of stock, enmiti emulations, frequen invition. 
1o, suretyship, sickn¢ death of fi'iends, and that which h the gulf of 
ail, improdenc% iii hnsband, disorder and oenfion, by wch mn 
they are drenched on a sudden in their estates, and a unawares precipitated 
iensibly to an inexfioEble labhth of debts, ts, woc¢ want, grieç 
discontent and melancholy itself. 
I bave donc th famies, an(l  now brlefly run over some fe sos and 
conditions of mon. The most secure, happy, jovial, and merry in the world's 
esteem are princ and great men, fr ii'om melancholy : but for their car, 
miries, suspicions, jealoies, discontents, folly and madns, I refer you fo 
Xenophon's Tann, where king Hieron dcourseth af large with Simonides 
the poet, of this sbject. Of ail othem they are most troubled with r- 
petual fes, anxieties, insomuch that,  he id in rValerius, if thou knew¢ 
with wha ces and meries this robe wm stuffed, thou wouldst no stoop 
to take it up. Or put case they be secure and fr from fears and discon- 
tents, yet they are void  of reason too off, and preciI,itate la their actions, 
read all our histories, quos  t prodre stulti, des, neid, ales, 
d wt h th¢ ubject 1 
« $tulto rem, et popalomm entnet tuY 
e ddy tam and the fo«h rage 
Of  and people. 
How mad they are, how furious, and upon smMl occions, h and încn- 
eiderate  the proceengs, how thcy doat, every page almo»t wfll witne, 
"delirant reg plectt 
en doating monarchs urge 
Uad rolv their subjec fl the scourg¢ 
ext in place, next in miseries and discontent, in all manner of halr-brain 
actions, are greaç men, prul à ]e, l à f«l»i, the nrcr the worse. 
If they live  cou, they are up and do, ebb and flow with their 
favours, Ingium hu statq cadRq s, now aloft, to-morrow do, as 
"Polybius descbes them, "like so many ctg couatem, aow of gold, o- 
moow of silver, that va in woh as the computant ll ; now they stand for 
uni, to-moow for thoands; now before all, and anon behind." Bide, 
they forment one anotber with mutual factions, emulations: one is umbitious, 
anothcr enamoured, a trd  debt, a prodil, ovens  founes, a fouh 
soficitous with OEres, gcts nothing, &c. But for these men's dcontents, 
anxieties, I refer you to Lucian's Trot,  rc cluct, " ,çylvi 
(lidin  stuitioe sos, he calls them), Agrippa, and many othe 

pallng. Fillut sut fur. t çat t'ara mure duo galll sim In oed Ft glat bln nquam vient 
$1ne lite.  R anta domi.  When pride aval begga meet In a family, they roar an how 
and   many flh of content  tire à water, when they couci, make thdcr-cla in the 
ski. o Plautus Aulular. p Lib. 7. cap. 6, q Feir  bellL« pienti  gerit r. Vet 
proverbium, sut regem sut fatu ci ortere, • Lib. 1. ht. Rom. Simi rot bcom uliN 
cnnd compnnfis bitum, mod ei  mod6 aurei;  nnt res nc beati $t no 
oeL • osique 8on  Sa. 3. De me cm-ilinm. 



D:m.crffus o  Re-,de. 

Of philosophem an,1 scholars prlscoe sapienliev dictat')res, I have already 
spoken in general terres, those superintendents of wit and learahtg, mes above 
vaen, eho-e reliued men, minions of tho muses, 

• • «tmentemqne baboro quels bonam 
Et ee ocorcuii ¢Lttttm 

• These acute and subtle sophisters, se much honoured, bave as much need o| 
hcllebore as othet. -------fO medici mexllara perlundle vennm. ead 
Lucian's Piscator, and tell how he esteemed them ; A'ippa's Tract of the 
vanity of Sciences ; nay, rend their own works, their absurd tcnets, prodigious 
paradoxes, e risura temztis amici ? You shall find that of Aristotle true, 
nullurrt magnum ingeniura aine mixtra demedke, they bave a worm as weil 
as others; you shall find a fantastical strain, a fustian, a bombast, a vain- 
g|orious humour, an aftccted style, &c., like a prominent thread in an uneveu 
• voven eloth, run parallel throughout their works. And they that teach wisdom, 
p ttience, meekness, are the veriest dizzards, hairbrains, and most discourent. 
"" In the multitude of wisdom is grief, and he that increaseth wisdom, in- 
creaseth sorrow." I need net quote mine author; they that Iaugh and contemu 
others, condemn the worhl of folly, deserve te be mockcd, are as giddy- 
headed, and lie as open as any other. "Democritus, that common fienter of 
f, Aly, was ridiculous himself, barking ]Ienippus, scoffing Lucian, satirical 
Lucilius, Petronins, Yarro, Persius, &c., may be censured with the test, Lor- 
pedem 'ectus derideat, ,'thiopen albus. Baie, Easmus, Itospiuian, Vives, 
Kemnisius, explode as a vas ocean et obs and soLs, school di'inity. A laby- 
rinth of intricable questions, unprofitable contentions, incredibilem deliratione»t, 
one calls il. If school divinity be se censured, «ubti!is ",S'cotus lima veqtatis, 
Occan irre.fr,gabilis, e«jus i,genium vetera o»tia ingenict subrertit, &c. 
]aconthrope, Dr. Resolutus, and Covctdtrt T]¢ob,git, Thomas himself, Doctor 
n Seraphicus, oui dictavlt Angdus, &c. What shall become of humanityl Ars 
stulta, what eau she pleadl What eau ber followers say fr themselves Much 
lcarning, "cere-dimir,.uit-brum, bath cracked their scouce, and taken such root, 
tha tribus Atlcyris capot insaabile, hellebore itself eau de no good, ner 
that renownea t lanthorn of Epictetus, by which if any man studied, he should 
he as wise as he was. But all will net serve; rhetoricians, irt ostentationcn, 
lotuacitatls multa agilat, out of their volubility of tongue, will ta]k much te 
no purpose, orators can persuade other men what they will, quo volant, und« 
v,luut, move, pacify, &c., but canner settle their own hrains, what saith 
ïullyl Maie indesertam prudentiam, quàt b,quacem stultitiam ; and as rSeneca 
seconds him, a wise man's oration should net be polite or solicitous.  Fabius 
esteems no botter of most of them, cithcr in speech, action, gesture, than 
men beside themselves, insauos declamatares ; se doth Gregory, 2'oa mihi saTit 
yui serment, sed qui factis salzit. ]ake the best of him, a good orator 
turncoat, an evil man, b,:mus arator Tessimus vlr, his longue is set te sale, he 
is a mere voice, as t he said of a nightingale, dal sine mente sonore, an 
pcrbolical liar, a flatterer, a parasite, and as Ammianus Marcellinus will, a 
cornipting cozcner, one that doth more mischief hy his fair spceches, tban he 
that bribes by money; for a man nlay with more facility avoid him that cir- 
cumvcnts by moncy, thanldm that deceives with gloziag terres i which ruade 

tF. Dou Epld. llb. 1. e. I$. = HOœee cognomento eahan?l Romte qui eteros mortales saplentl& 
Irœestarent, testis PIi. lib. 7. cap. 34. • lnsanire parant certt ratione modoque mal by the 
book they, &c. • Juvenal. '* O Phyletane ! open the middle rein." • Solomon. * Coin- 
munis irrisor etultitim, t Wit whither wilt • caliger exercitat. 324. • Vit. ejus. • 
¢ Lucian. Ter mille drachmIs olira empta; studens Inde eapientiam adipiscetur. « Eplst. 21. 1. lib. 
llon oportet orationem eapienti$ eee poIitam aut solicitam.  Lib. 3. cap. 13. muito anhelitu jactatione 
furentes pectus, frontem eoedente, &c. t Lipsius, voees stlnt, pr:eterea nihiL t Lib. tl. plu 
mali fcere videtur q oraUone quXm qui proetio quemvis c'rutopit : nain t 



Democrtus fo the Reader. 

7 

Socrates so much abhor and explode them. "Fracastorius, a ramons poet, 
freely grants all poets to be mad; so doth caliger; and who doth hot? 
.dut insauit/tono, aut versusfacit (le's mad or making vel-es), Hor. Sat. vil. 
1.2. Insaire lubet, i. e. versus coraponere. Virg. 3 Ecl. ; So Servius interprets it 
all poets are mad, a company of bitter satirits, detractors, or else parasitical 
applauders: and what is poetry itselï, but as Austin holds, Viura erroris ab 
ebrils doctoribuspropinatu»? You may give that censure of them in general, 
which Sir Thomas Iorc onco did of Germanus ]rixius' poems in particular. 

-« vcbuntur 
In rate stultitiæ, } lvam habitant Furlœe.o" 

Budoeus, in an epistle of his to Lupsetus, will have civil law to be the tower 
of wisdom ; another honours physic, the quintessence o'f nature; a third tum- 
},les thenl both clown, and sets up the flag of his own pcculiar science. Your 
supercilious critics, grammatical triflcm, note-makers, curious antiquaries, fin,l 
ou all the ruins of wit, inptiarum delicias, amongst the rubbish of old writem ; 
 P*o stultis habeng nisi aliquid scian invenire, quod i aliorurt scripti 
vertant vitio, all ïools with them that eannot find ïault; thcy correct other.% 
and are hot in a cold c,ase, puzzle themselves to find out how many streets in 
]Iome, houses, gatcs, towers, tomer's country, JEneas's mother, :Niobe's 
daughters, an ,S'qpho publica fuerk ? ovun qprius extiterlt a gallial &e. 
et aile» quce dedisce.zdi essen scire, si scires, as "Seneca h.hls. "Vhat clothes 
file senators did wear in ome, what shoes, how they sat, where they went 
the closestool, how many dishes in a mcss, what sauce, which for the present 
tbr an historian to relate, "according to Lodovic. Vives, is very ridiculous, is 
fo them most precious elaborate stuff, they admia'cd for it, aud as proud, as 
triumphant in the meautime for this discovery, a.s ff thcy had won a city, or 
conquered a province ; as rich as if they had ïound a mille of gold ore. Quos- 
vis auctores absurdis commentis suis percacaut et stercoe'ant, one saith, thev 
bcwray and daub a company of books and good authors, with their absurd 
comments, correcto'u sterquilia Scaligcr calls them, and show their wit in 
censuring others, a company of ïoolish note-makers, humble-bees, dors, 
bcetlcs, inter stercora ut pluriraum versantur, they rake over ail those rubbih 
and dungllills, and prcfer a manuscript many rimes before the Gospel itscit 
"t]tesaurum criticum, before any treasure, and with their deleaturs, alii legunt 
sic, meus codex sic habet, with their postremce editiones, annotations, casti- 
garions, &c., make books dcar, themselves ridiculous, and do nobody good, 
yct ifany man dare oppose or co,tradict, they are mad, up in arms on a sudden, 
how many sheets are written in detnce, how bitter invectives, what apolocs? 
"Epiihilledes hce aunt ut meree tugee. But I dare say no more of, ibr, with, 
or against them, beeause I ana liable to their lash as well as others. Of these 
and the test of out artists and pllilosophem, I wiI1 gencrally conclude they arc 
a kind of madmen, as Seneca esteems of them, to make doubts and scruples, 
how to read them truly, fo mend ohl authors, but will hot mend their own lires, 
or teach us ingetia sanare, memvq'iam offlciorum igerere, ac jfidem i» rebus 
]tutnanis retinere, fo keep our wits in order, or rectii out manneoE 
tibi demens videur, si lotis operat impenderk ? Is hot he mad that draws lines 
with Archimede¢ whilst his bouse is ransacked, and his city bcsieged, when 
the whole world is in combustion, or we whilt our souls are in dauge; (mors 
Ȯquitur, vita.fugit) to si)end oux rime in toys, idle questions, and things of 
no worh ] 

 In Gorg. Platonls. m In nauger]o, a SI furor sit Ly[eu, &c quoties furlt, furlt furif. 
romans, bibcns, et Pocta, &c. o ,, They are borne in the bark of folly, and dwcll in tbe gTOve of 
adness." • Morus Utop. lib. 11. q blaerob. Satur. 7. 16. r Epist. 16. * Lib. de eausm 
eUTUp, artium. * Lib. 2. in Ausonium» cap. 19 et 32. ,, Edit. 7. v01um- Jano Gutero. • Aristo. 
ixa.xi-,, Iaui.  Lib. de bcnclcioe. 



68 

Dcmocritus to tle ]eade. 

That "loyers are mad, I think no man will deny, A mare simul et satre, 
ipsi Jovi not datur, Jupiter himself OEtnnot intend both ai once. 
«Non beè ¢onvenlunt, nec tn unà gode morantur 
MaJe5ta et amor." 
Tul]y, when ho was invitcd fo a second marriage, rep]ied, ho eould hot smd 
amar« et salJere, be wise and love both together. »/'«t orcus ille, vis est 
immedizabilis, es$ rabies insana, love i madness, a hell, an inem'able dis- 
ease; imlotenterrt et insanam libidnem •Senec, calls it, an impotent and 
raging lust. I shall dilate this 8ubject apart; in the meantime let loyers 
8igh out the rest. 
:bevisanus the lawyer hohls ff for an axiom, "most women are fools," 
°consilium fieminis iuvalidum; Seneca, mon, be they young or old; ho 
doubts i, youth is mad as Elius in Tully, Stulti etdolescentuli, old age little 
botter, ddiri sertes, &c. Theophrastus, in the 107th year of his age, Isaid ho 
thon began to be wise, tutu sape»e cvepit, and therefore lamented his departure. 
Ifwisdom corne so late, where shall we find a wise man Out old ones doae 
at threescore-and-ten. I would cite more pmofs, and « botter author, but for 
the present, let one fool point at another. Tevisanus hath as hard an opiniot 
of rich mon, « wealth and wisdom cannot dwell together," stultitiam patiuntur 
o/es, rand they do commonly infatuare cor hominis, besot mcn; and as wo 
see if, "fools bave fortune :" Sapientla zon invenltur in tewa suavRer viven- 
tium. For beside a natural contempt of learning, which accompanies such kiud 
of mon, innate idleness (for they will take no pains), and which =Aristotle 
observes, ubi mens plurima, ibi minima fortuna, bi plurima fortuna, ib mens 
perexigua, great wealth and little wit go commonly together: they have as 
much brains some of them in their heads as in their hcels; besides this inbred 
neglect of liberal sciences, and all arts, which should excolere »ntern, pohh 
the mind, they bave most part some gullish humour or other, by which they 
are led ; one is an Epicure, an Atheist, a second a gamestcr, « thh'd a whoroe 
toaster {fit subject8 all for a satixist to work upon); 
 n HIc nnptaram insanit amoribu, hic puerorum.  
0ne burns to madne for the wedded dame; 
Unaatttral ltts oazothe's laeart 
"one is mad of hawking, hanting, eoeking; another of carouslng, horse-riding, 
spending; a fourth of buihling, fighting, &e., Insanit veteres statuas Dama- 
ppu8 emendo, Damasippus hath an humour of lais own, to be talked of: 
Heliodorus the Carthaginian, another. In a word, as Sealiger coneludes of 
them ail, they are Statuce erecta stultitee, the very statues or pillars of follç. 
Choose out of all stories him that hath been most admired, you shall stll 
find, mult ad laudem, multa ad vituperationerr magnifica, as «Berosus of 
Semiramis; otaries wrtales militiâ, triumplds, divitiis, &c., tutu et luxu, ccede, 
ceeterisque vitiis antecesst, as she had some good, 8o had 8ho many bad parts. 
Alexander, a worthy man, but furious in his anger, overtaken in drink: 
Coesar and Seipio valiant and wise, but vain-glorious, ambitious: Yeasian 
a worthy prince, but eovetous: "Hannibal, as ho had mighty virtues, so had 
ho many vices; unam virtutem ni[le vit co»fftatur, as hlachiavel of Costno 
• Deliru et amo$ dicatar aman$. Hot. Seneea, • Ovid. fet. • MaJesty and Love do hot aree 
rell, nor dwell togetber."  Plutareh. Amator|o est amor iasanus. ¢ Ep.;st. 39. a Sylrm 
nuptialls, 1. I, aum. I1. Omnes mulieres ut plurimum stulte, • Arlstotle. «Dolere ce dlxit quo,l 
tum vita egrederetur, • Lib. 1. uum. 11. sapienl;ia et dwitioe vl simul possideri posunt.  Tbev 
their wLsdom by eating ple-crnst some.  xplaa'a "oç n'ot 7,*¢'oe açpoam,,. Opes euidem 
sunt amentia. Theognis. k Fortuna nimium quem foret, stultum £cit. fJoh." 28.-- 
• norl, lib. 2. et lib. 1. sat. . • Hor. lib. 1. at 4,.  Insana gala, insanoe ob$tructiones, tnsannm 
venandi studium discordia demens. Virg. S_n. p Hellodorus Carthaginiensis. ad extremum orbis ar- 
¢opbago testamento me hic jusi eondicr, et ut viderem an uis in.anior ad me vsendum uque ad hoec loca 
penetraret. Ortelins in GatL  if il; be bi, -ork, ,hich tiasper Veretus suspect,t ffi Li'y Ingente 
iue ugentia viti 



de ledi3i, b.e had tço di»tlnct persons in him. I will determlne of them all, 
they are like these double or turning pieures; stand before whieh you sec a 
f.fir maid, on the one aide an ape, on the other an owl; look upon them st the 
lirsl ight., all is well, but fnrther examine, you shall find them wise on the one 
side, and ri»da on the other; in ome few things praiseworthy, in the res 
ineomparably faultv. I wfll say nothing of their diseases, emulations, dis- 
contents, wants, and uch miaeries: let I)ovety llead the test in Aristoi)haaoE 
lutus. 
Coetous men, amongs others, are most mud, °They bave ail the symptomu 
of melncholy, fcar, dnes., usi)ieion , &c., as -hall be I)roved in it proi)cr 
Dnda est Helleborl multo par maxima varia- » 
]Iiser.s make Anticyra thelr ovn; 
Ira hellebora reserv'tI for them loae. 
And yet met]dnks prodigals are much madder thaa thcy, be of wlaat con- 
diion they will, that bear  public or I)rivate purse; as Duteh writr 
eensured Richard the rieh duke of Cornwall, suing te be emperor, for his 
p]Ihse spendiag, qui effudi pecunian ante pedea 19rincipium lectorum 
square, that scattered mouey like water; I de censure them, ,S'tult Anglia 
(saith he) quæ to$ demzriis sponte es$ privata, stultg Frinclpes Alemaniee, qu 
«obile jus «uum Fro lecun vendiderrvt; spendthrifta, bribers, and bribe- 
takers are fool, and se are  ail they tha eanno keep, dizburse, or si)end 
their moneys well. 
I might sy the like of augry, peevish, envlous, ambitions; "Antlcyras 
nellor sarbere eracas; Epicures, Atheists, Schismatiea, tereties; Id omnes 
habent imaginalionem lvesam (saith Tymannus) "and their madaess shall be 
vvideut." 2 Tire. iii. 9. • Fabatus, an Italian, holds seafaring men ail mad; 
"the ship i mad, for it never stands still; the mariners are mad, te expose 
themseles te such imminent dangers: the waters are raging mad, in perpetual 
motion: the wind. are as mad as he rest, they knoxv net whence they corne, 
xvhither they would go: sud those men are maddest of all that go o ses; for 
one fool  home, they find ferry abrod." He xvas a madman thu aid it, 
and-'hou I)eradventure as mad te rend i. "Foelix Platerus iz of opinion all 
alchemksts are rnad, out of heir wits; "Atheneus saith as rnuch of fiddlra, 
e$ usarum lusclnias, Uhlusieians, tmmes tibicines insaniung ; ubl semd e.fflan, 
avolat illico nens, in cornes music af one car, out goes wit a another, lh-oud 
and vairt-glorious persons are celCainly mad; and se are © laseivious; I eau fl 
their I)ulses best hither; hem-rond seine of them, te ]et others lie with their 
wives, and wink st 
Te insist «irt all particulars, were an 1Teulean ask, te *reckon up tlnsanas 
ubslructiones, insams labo«es, insanun uxun, mad labours, rnad books, endea- 
vours, carriages, gross ignorance, ridiculous uctions, absurd gestures; insanam 
yvlam, insanian, villmazm, insana jurg, as Tully terres them, madnezs of 
villages, stupend strnctures; as those 2Egyi)tian :Pyramids, Labyrinths mari 
ISphinxes, wbieh a company of evwned asses, ad oste'nktiotr o2um, vahaly 
bui]t, when neither the arehiteet ner king tha rnade them, or fo what use and 
inwpose are yet known: te insiz in tbeir hypocrisy, ineon.stancy, blinduess, 
mshner, a, demenlem temcritatem flud cozenage, malice, auget, imi)udence, 
• IIor. Quisquls ambitlone m] ut ar'enH palier amorea Qulsquis luxurtg, tristique snperstitlo-. 
P,,r-  Croaica $1avonica ai annum 125. de cujus peeunia jam ineredibllia dixerut. 
 A fool and hs money are aooa partctl. Orat. tic imag. umbitiostts et audax uaviget Auticyraa. 
• NavS atuila, quoe continue movetur , aut... tu]fi qui se periculis expoann; aqua insana tluœe sic frernit 
&c. ; aër jactatur, &c.; qui mari se eommittit stolidnm unurn terr fugiens, 40 mari iuvenit, t;aspar Ena. 
Ioroa. • Cap. tic aliea, mentis, • Dipnoso/hist. |ib. I.  "l'ibicia¢a mente Capti. E'asm. Chi. 
ter "/. ® Prov. 0. lnaana libido, Hic rolo non furor est, on est hoec mentula demens. Mart. ep. 74 
l. 3. a ],Iillc luellarnm ci; luerorum millejuxore • Uter est iasaaior horurn ! Hot. Ovid. Virg. 
«'lin. lib. 36. 



70 

])emoc'Ntt«s fo the 1?cadet. 

ingratitude, ambition, gross superstition, *tempora infecta d aduhtHone snrdida, 
s in Tiberius' rimes, such base ffattcLv, stuI,cnd, parasitical fawning and 
collofing, &e., brawls, eonflicts, desires, contentions, it wouid ask an expert, 
Yesalius to anatomise every member. 8hall I say] Jupiter himselL Apollo, 
ltars, &c., doated; and monster-eonquefing Hcrcules that subdued the world, 
and helped others, eould hot rdieve himself in this, but mari he was a last. 
And where shall a man walk, converse with whom, in what province, city, and 
hot meet with Signior Deliro, or Hercdes Furens, Moenades, and Corybantes '| 
Their speeches say no less. b Efugls nati homines, or else they fetched thcir 
pedigree from those that were struck by Samson with the jaw-bone of an a.s 
Or from Deucalion and Pyrrha's stones, for darttnt genus sumus, mar,wrd 
sums, we are stony-hearted, and savour too much of the stock, as ifthey had 
ail heard that enchanted horn of Astolpho, that English duke in Ariosgo, which 
never soundcd but a!l his auditors were mad, and tbr fear ady to make away 
with themselves;* or landed in the mad haven in the Euxine sea of I)aphnis 
insana, which had a oecret quality to dementate; they are a company ofgiddy- 
heads, afternoon men, if is Midsummcr moon still, and the dog-days last ail 
the year long, they are ail mad. Whom shall ][ then except ] Ulricus Hut- 
tonus errw, ara hem9 omnibus hoe'is sapit, ]Venw nascitar sne vitiis, Cri. 
nite Henw caret, hremo sorte sua vivit contentus, A emo in amo,'e sopit, «Ve»fo 
bonus, Nemo satffes, lemo est ex omni parte beatus, &c.  and therefro 
lgieholas lgemo, or Monsieur lgoebody, shall go ïree, Quid valeat nemo, Nemo 
ve.ferre potst ? But whom shall I excel,t in the second place? sueh as are 
silent, s'if sapit qui pauca b,quitu;" "no better way to avoid tblly md n:ad- 
ncss, than by taeiturnity. Whom in a third? ail senators, magistrates; for ail 
fortunate men are vise, and conquexrs valiant, and so are all great mon, non 
est bonum ludere cure dits, they are wi by authority, good by thcir office and 
],lace, hls li«et imlmne pessimos esse (some say) we toast hot spcak of them, 
neither is it fit; er m sint om,ia rotinus alba, I will hot think amiss of them. 
Whom next ] Stoics] ,S'apns $taicus, and he alone is subject to no pertur- 
bations, as =llutah scoffs ai him, "he is hot vexed with torments, or burnt 
with tire, foiled by bis advcrsary, sold of bis enemy: though he be wrhkled, 
and-blind, toothless, and defi»ned; yet he is most beautiful, and like a god, 
a king in conceit, though hot worth a gat." " Ie never doats, never mat, 
never sad, drunk, because virtue cannot be taken away," as °Zeno holds, "by 
reson of strong apprehension," but he was mari fo ay so. ».4nticRroe c«lo 
huic est opus aut dolabrâ, he had need to be bored, and so had ail his tbllows, 
a wise as they would seem to be. ChtTsippus himself liberally grants them 
o be fools as well as others, af certain times, upon some occasions, anritti vir- 
tutem ait l)er ebretatem, aut atribilarium morbum, ig may be ]ost by druukcn- 
ness or melancholy, he may be sometimes crazed as well as the rest: «d sun» 
tum sapierrs nivi quum pituita wlesta. I should here except some Cynics, 
Ienippus, Diogenes, that Thcban Cmtes; or to descend to these rimes, that 
omnis«ious, only wise frat, ernity "of the Rosicrucians, those great theologues, 
loliticians, lhilosolhers, physiciaus, philologers, artist% &c. of whom S. 13- ridgeg» 

t Taeitus 3. Annal. z Ovld. 7. met. E fungls natl homlnc$ nf om C{bl pm! iHius 
accoloe, quia stodi et fa fun nati cebuts idem et alibi dieu. s Fammn. trade de 
bajuli de majore sisculpti, k Arianus periplo as Euxlnl port ej eminiGer 
Gilli 1. 3. de Bosphor. Thracio  la in,ha quoe allata in ¢onvivium conv omn inni affit. 
Giel. Stucchius comment. &c.  pid posa sic scpm. * « o one is wlse at aH hOp--no 
one bo wi/hou/f4ul/--no one oe from crimno one content with his lot,--no one i love 
goo or e man perfectly happy." m Stti simare non pot ni tacituitate.  Eztous non 
cciar, ambus non i, prat  lu¢ non vincit; non fit ptis ab hoste vendat. 
Etsi rugos senex edentul Ic deformi foos m,  deo simi felix vN rex 
egen esi denio non sit digne. lll«m ¢ontendt n i afficç non inn  ebria] 
quia vi non pi oh ¢onstant prehensionet. Lips. phys. ic. lib. . . 18. • Tarre 
b epig. 12. I. 8. Mor. Fra cL R craci& 



Democritus to tic Readcr. 71 

Albaa Joacchlmns, Lelcenbcrg]us, and such divine spirlts bave prophesed, 
and ruade promise fo the world, if at let there be any such (Hem "euhusius 
makes a doubt of it, «Valentinus drcsz and others)or an El affex 
their Thphrastian toaster ; whom though Libavi and many deride and 
carp at, yet me will bave to be "the "renewer of all arts and ienoes," 
reformer of the wod, aud now living, for  Johannes Iontanus trigo- 
niensis, tllat great patron of aracelsus, contend and ce.ainly ave 
most divine man," and the quintessence of wisdom whesoever he is ; for he, 
his fraternity, frien,l e. are all  " betrothcd fo wisdom," if we may believ 
their dciples and tbllowers. I mus nceds except Lipsius and the ope, 
and expunge their naine ou of the catalogue of tbol For besides that par» 
sitioEl tcstimony of Dousa, 
« A Sole exoente loeotld nsqne pude% 
emo t q $to e oequiparare quçat." 
L;psius saith of hlmlf, that he w "humani gene qum poedaggus vote 
et stylo, a and signior, a mter, a tutor of us all, and for thirteen years he 
brags how he wcd wisdom in the Low Countrie as Ammonius the philo- 
sopher sometimes did in Alexandriz, "m £u»ite lter et saffientlam 
cut prudentla: anttes sapientioE, he shall be Srtlntum Octavus. The 
Pope is more than a man, as »his parats oKen make him, a demi-goal, and 
besides his h,)line cannot err, in Catlmdrâ belike : and yet me of them 
have been magiciang Hcretics, Atheists, chHdren, and  Phtina saith of 
John 22. ];tsi vir literatu¢ ntMta golMitatem et lævitatem proe eerentia 
egit, stolit et sord vir ingenii, a scholar sufficient, yet many things he did 
tbolishly, lightly. I can say no more than in particular, but in general tertns 
to the test, they are all mad, their wits are evaporated, aud  Arioto fdgns 
L 3. kept in jar above the moon. 
a Some Iose their wlts wlth love tome -lth 
$ome following ¢ Lords and men of high condiÇa. 
me in fair Jewels rich and costly set» 
Others  Poetry their its foct, 
Another thinL to be an Alchemish 
2"1 1 be penh d that h numbeCs 
Conctcd foels they are, madmen upon record ; and I ara afmld past ro 
many of thcm, * creunt ingui, the symptoms are mffest, they are  of 
Gotam pm'hh : 
a « Qaum ror hand dnbln qnnm gt manlfta phrenls»" 
(Since madn  iadisputabl soe frenzy  obvio.) 
xvhat rcmalns then "Imt to send for rarios, those office to cay them 
together for company to Bedlam, and set abehis to be their physiciam 
If any man shall ask in the meantime, xvho I ara that so boldly censure 
otherg tu nulla lb vit ? have I no faults  ty more than thou ht, 
whatver thou a. 'os nunwr sum, I coe it agah, I ara  fooh, 
 mad as any on 
 t Insanns vobls vldeor, non depreeor 
Quo m " 
I do hot deny if, de de populo atur. Iy eomfo h, I have more 
fcllows, and those of excellenç note. And though I be hot  right or so d- 
creet as I should be yet noç  mad, so bad neither» as thou perhaps take$ 
me fo 

• An slnt, qnalcs Int, unde nomen illud asclvei'tnt, tTurri label. I Omulum artlum et 
sclennarum instaurator, a Dvinus i11c Oir anetor notarum in epist. Rog. Iaeon, ed. Hambnr. 1608. 
• Sapientiœe desponsati. * "From the Iising Sun to the Ioeotid Lake. there was hot one that ¢ould 
fairly be put In comparison wlth them." • Solus hic eg sapiens alli volitant velut umbroe, • in 
ep. ad Baith-m. Ioretum.  IleJecticuloe ad Patavum. Felinus cure reliquis, • [ag.num 
virum eeqni est Iapere, ome thlnk; others desipere. Catul. * Plant. blenec. 
• Or to send for a cook to the Anticyroe to make heilebore portage, settle-brain portage. « Aliquan- 
tulum tamen Inde me olabor, quod unà cure multis et tapientibus et ceieberrimis viris Ipse lnstpien sims 
qtmd e Menippus Luciani la lqecyomantitL • Petronius in Catalcct. 



f2emocrglus to the Reader. 

Te conelude, thiz bcing granted, that all the woHd is mclancholy, or mad, 
doats, and every member of it, I bave ended my task, and uffieiently illus- 
trated that which I took upon me te demonstrate at fil'St. At this present I 
bave no more te ay ; Ilis s««am nzente» Democritus, I can but wi-h myself 
avd them a good physician, and all of us a better mind. 
And although tbr the abovenamed reasons, I had a just cause te undertak« 
tllis subject, te point at these particular species of dotage, that se men might 
-',_cknowlcdge their imperfections, and scck te reform what is amiss; yet I haro 
tt more serious intent at this time; and te omit all impertinent digrcssions, 
te say no more of such as are improperly melancholy, or mctaphorically mad, 
IJghtly mad, or in disposition, as stupid, angry, drunken, silly, sottish, sullen, 
l,roud, vain-glorious, ridiculous, beastly, peevish, obstinate, impudent, extrava- 
gant, dry, doting, dull, desperate, harcbrain, &c., mad, frantic, foolish, hetero- 
dites, vhich no new hosl,ital can hold, no 1,hysic hdp ; my pnrpose and 
cudeavour is, in the following discoule te anatomize this humour of melan- 
choly, throngh all its l,aoEs and spccies, as itis .an habit, or an ordinary dis- 
case, and that l,hilosophically, medicinally, te show the causes, symptoms, and 
everal cm'es of it, that it may be the better avoided, hloved thereunto for 
the gcncrality of it, and te de good, it being a diseuse se frcquent, as lhIercu- 
rialis observes, "in these onr days i se often happening," zaith *Laurentius, 
"in our miserable times," as few there are that lbel net the smart of it. Of 
the saine mind la JElian Montalius, aMelancthon, and others ; Jnlius Coesar 
Claudinas calls it the "fountain of all other d]seases, and se common in this 
crazcd tge of ours, that scarce one of a thou.and is frce from it ï and that 
ul,lenetic hyp-chond»iacal wind especially, which proceeds frein the splee]t 
and :hort ribs. ]3eing then a diseuse se grievous, se common, I -know net 
vhelin te de a more gcneral service, and spend ny time butter, than te pre- 
ucr,be mcaus how te prevent and cure se univcrsal a malady, an epidemical 
diseuse, that se often, se much crucifies the body and mind. 
IfI have overhot mysclf in this which hath been ldtherto aid, or that itis, 
which I ara sure some will oect, too fantastical, "too light and comical for a 
Divine, too satirical for one of my profession," I will presume te answer with 
 Erasmus, in like case, 'ris net I, bufl Democritus, Demoeritus dioE : you 
laut considcr what it is te speak in on's own or another's per'on, an assumed 
habit and naine ; a difference bctwixt him that affects or acts a prince's, a 
philosopher's, a magistrate's, a fool's part, and him that is se indeed ; and 
what liberty those old satirists bave had $it i a conte collected frein others ; 
net I, but thcy that ay it. 
, o Dixero 1 quld forte Joeoslu, hec rnthl jurt 
Cure vcla tlabis. '° 
Ter seine Indulgence I may justly claim 
If too familiar  ith nnother'e fume. 
Take heed, you mistake me net. IfI de a little forger myself, I laope you 
xvill pardoa it. And te say truth, xvhy hould any man be offended» or take 
ez.Cel, tions at it  
 l.lcult, emperque 11c¢11t, 
l'arccre pcaonis, di¢cre de 
It lawfttl waa of old, and still will be 
"£o sleaX of vice» but let the naine go Il-ce. 
" hate their vices, net their persons. Jï any be displeased, or take aught unto 

 That I rnean of Andr. Vale. Apolog. matp. 1.1 ,t..20, A.pol. . . ' I/oee.affecflo nostris [emportbu$ 
frequent|slma.  Cap. 15. de lel. • l)e anime ostro nec soecmo rnOrbns frequentissirnus. 
 Consult. 98. adeonostrts temporibus frequenter lnffruit ut nullus fere ab e|us labe immunis reperiatur et 
omvlum lere morborurn oecasio existat.  M,»r. Encore. si qnis calou,oietur levitts cne quam decet 
'/aeologurn» aut rao'daciua quam d¢'eat Christianum.  l/oz. at ¢ t. 1. 



Z, emocqus fo tlm Re:tder. 73 

himseIf, let him hot expostulate or cavil with him that aid if (so did PErasmus 
excuse himself to Dol'plus, »i parva licet componere maçnis) and so do I; "but 
Ici him by angTy xvith himselt; that so betrayed and opened his own iïtults 
in applymg it to llimself:" «if he be guilty and deaerve it, let him amend, 
whoever he is and hot be angry. "]e that hateth correction is a fool," lrov. 
xii. 1. Ifhe be hot guilty, it concerns him hot; it is hot my freeness ofspeecl 
but a guilty conscience, a gallcd back of his owrt that makcs him wince. 
«' Suspmione si quts errabtt subi, 
Et rapiet ad se, quod erit commune 
tult,'. nudabit tmimi concientiam." * 
I deny hot this which l havc said soEvours a little of Democïitus; 
'identem dicere veru»t quid vetat; one may speak in jest, and yet speak truth. 
It is somewhat tar, I grant it; acriortt orexim excitant embammata, as he 
said, sharp sauces increase appctite, "nec cibus ipse juvat morst fraudatus 
aceti. OI,ject thcn and cavil whaç thou wilt, X ward all with «Democritus's 
buckler, his medicine shall sMve it ; strike whcre thou wil, and whcn : Demo- 
critus dlxit, Dêmocritus will answcr it. If was written by an idle fcllow, at 
idlc rimes, about our Satm'nalian or Dyonisian fea.sts, when as he said, nullum 
libertati periculum est, servants in old Rome had liberty to say and do what 
them list. Vhen out countrymen sacrificed fo theh" goddcss Vacuna, and 
sat tippling by their Vacunal filS, I writ this, and published this 
i is nemisis nihil. The time, place, persons, and ail circumstances apologise 
for me, and xvhy may X not then be idle with others speak my mind freely 
If you dcny me this liberty, upon thcse l, rcsumptious I wiLl take it: X say 
again, I will take if. 
« • Si quls est qui dictum In e inclenlentiu 
LMstimavR ese sic exitirnct." 
If any man ta]¢e exceptions, let hlm turn the buckle of hls girdle, 
I owe thee nothing (Readcr), I look for no f.vour st thy hauds, I ara inde- 
peadent, I fear hot. 
/fro, I recant, I will hot, I care, I fcar, I confess my fault, acknowledgc 
grcat offcuco» 
• motos prœestat eomponere flnctus. » 
(------]et's first assaage the tToubled wres.) 
I have overshot myælf, I have spoken foolishly, rashly, unadvisedly, absurdly, 
I bave anatomized mine own folly. And now methiuks upon a sudden I ara 
awaked as if were out of a dream; I have had a raving fit, a fantastical fit, 
ranged up and down, in and out, I have iusulted over the most kind of men, 
abused some, offended others, wronged myself; and now being recovered, and 
perceiving mine error, cry with rOrlando, Solvit me, pardon (o boni) that 
which is past, and I will make you amends in that which is fo eome I 13romiso 
you a more sober discourse in .y foilowhlg treatise. 
If through weakness, folle, passion, "discourent, ignorance, I bave said 
amiss, let it be forgotten and forgiven. I acknowledge that of "Tacitus fo ba 
true, Asperce facetiæ ubi nimis ex veto traxere, acrem sui memoriam rdinquunt, 
a biffer jest lcaves a sting bchind it: and as art honourable man observes, 
'" They fear a a;tirist's wit, he their memories." I may justly suspect the 

v Epl. ad Dorptnm de Morts. si qulsplam offcndatur et sibi vlnd|cet, non habet quod expostulet cure eo qui 
$cripsit, lpse si volet, secum agat injuriam, utpote sui protlitor, qui declaravit hoc .1 se propric pertinere. 
q Si tlul$ se L't.sum clamabit, sut conacientiam prodt suam, sut ccrte metum. Phoedr. lib. 3. A:op. Fab. 
* Ifany one shall err through his owu suspicion, sud shall apply to himsclf what is common fo all, he will 
toolisifly betray a cousciou«nesa of guLIt, • Hor. • lart. 1. 7. 22. t Ut lubet feriat, absterlmt 
boa ietus Democ=4ti phannaeo$. = RusticorUm des preesse vacantibus et otiosis putabatur, cul post 
labores agricola saeificabat. Flirt. l. 3. c. 12. O id. 1.6. Faat. Jam quoque eum fitmt antiquoe sacra Vacume, 
ante Vacunales stanlque sedentque focos. Rosinus. = Ter. prol. Eunneh. • Ariost. 1.39. Star. % 
• Ut enim ex studiis gau41um, sic studia ex hilaritate proveniuut. Phnius lll4aimo sut,, ep. lib. 8. • AaaaL 
lb, b ir l:ranci Baca in hin Ezays s now Vicout 2t. A'_.b-"-n. 



7  l-gcmo«'itus to tire P, eaarer. 

worst; and though I hoIe I have wronged no man, yct in ]k[edea's words I 
will crave pardon- 

And In y last wnrd tls ! do deslre, 
Yhat hat in p.sion I bave said, ¢r |r 
$1a.v be forgotten, and a bettcr m|ntl 
I.e had of u.% hereafrcr tre you fiatL 

I earnest]y req,cst evcry private man, as Scal]gcr 
offence. I will condude  his lines, S£  cogntum haber,  soluu 
nar ob has fetias nostras, s eliam indignum dr, 
aimum,  ngenum, vd inmam spnem ea oporre. If thou 
knewt my  modesty and simplidty, thou wouldst efly pardon and for- 
give what is here amiss, or by thce misconoeivcd. If herfter ana[omizing 
this surly humour, my hand slip,  an unskilfid 'prentioe 
and c,t through skin and all af unawaroe, make it sma, or eut aw, pardon 
a rude hand, an unskilfid knife, 'ris a most difficult thing to keep an even tonc, 
a perpctual nor, and hot somctimcs to lh out; dci 
scribere, there be  many objects to divert, ward perturbations to molest, 
and the ve best may sometimes e; allquando bonus dmitat Hru 
(sometimes that excellent Homer takes a nap), ig is impossible hot in so much 
to overshoot; «7mre i»t longo las est obre2«e somnum. But what needs 
all this I hope there will no such cae of offenoe be ven 
,, d Vemo ali9uid reco9wscat , os timur omnla. I'fi deny all (my last 
refuge), reeant all, renounce all I hure id, if any man except, and mth 
much facility excus%  lin can accuse; buç I iresume of tby good ftvour, 
and 'ado acceptance (gentle reade O. Out of an assm-ed hope and con- 
denoe thercoÇ I will beg. 

* Qnoe] Probs Persil/7,o7pa¢o¢ vh'glnal! v'eretmndià rcrum ¢,le dleit, eo, &c. eQna.« at 
lncnria fudit, aut humana parure cavit natura. Hot. a l'roi, qttoe. Plztttt. "Let hot -qy o taX 
thc thin£ to htms.l/» they are al! but fiction$." 



LECTOïI IAL FERIATO. 

Tu vero OEvesls edico qnisquis es, ne temere .ugilles Auctorcm hujusee operla, 
aut cavillator irrideas. Imo ne vel ex aliorum censura tacite obloquari. (vis 
dicam verbo) ne quid nasutulus inepte improbes, aut lalso fingas. :Nain si talis 
reverâ sit, qualem proe se fert Junior Derrwcritus, seniori Denocrio saltem 
affinLs, aut ejus Genium vol tantillum sapiat; actum de te, censorem oeque ac 
delatolm "aget e contrn etulalt splene cran sit), sulttabit te in jocos, commi- 
nuet in sales, addo etiam, et cleo risui te sacrificabit. 
Iterum moneo, ne quid cavillet, nedum Democritum Juniorem conviciis 
infames, aut ignominiose vitupets, de te non mle sentientem: tu idem audias 
ab amico cordato, quod olim vulgaL Abdritanurr* ab  IIippocrate, concivem 
bene meritum et popularem suum Dernocritum, pro insatto habens. 2'e tu 
I)errwcrite sayis ,tulti auterr, et insani Abderil. 
• u Abderitanœe pectora plebIs habes.  
IIoec te paucis admonitum vlo (malè feriate Lector), abC- 

TO THE I,EADER AT LEISURE. 

VHO-g you may be, I caution you against rahly dcfam[ng t]le mlthor o 
this work, or cavilling in jest against hirm Tay, do hOt silently rel-,roach him 
in consequence of others' censure, nor employ your wit in foolish dhapproval, 
or false accusation. For, shou]d Democritus Junior prove to be what he 
professes, even a kinsman of Iris elder namesake, or be ever so little of the 
saine kidney, it is ail over with you : ho will become both accuser and judge 
of you in your spleen, will dissipate you in jests, pdverise you into salt, ad 
saclfice you, I can promise you, fo the god of Iirth- 
I further ad,ise you, not to asperse, or calumniate, or slander, E)emocritus 
Jmior, who possibly does hot think ill of you, lest you may hear from some 
dLscreet friend, the saine remark the people of Abdern did ftm Itippocrates 
of their meritorious and popular fvllow-citizen, whom they haA looked on as  
madman  "It is hot that you, Democritus, that art wise, but tha the people of 
Abdera are fools and madmen." "You bave yourself an Abderitian soul;" and 
laaving just ven you, gentle reader, these few words of admonition, çarewelL 
• SI me commuter, mellu non tsngere clamo. Hot.  Hippoe. eplt. Damageto. Accersltu sure ut 
Democrltum tanquam insanum curarem, sed pOstquam converti, uou per Jovem deslptentiæ negotium, sed 
reram omnlum receptaculum deprehendt, eJusque ingenlum demiratu sure. Abderitanos vero tanquam nou 
anos accusavl veratri potione ipsos potius eguisse dicens. « Maff.. 



IIERCLtT flcas, mlsero s|c cOnvenlt oevo 
/qil nisi turpe rides, nil nisi triste videa 
ide etiam, quantumque lubet., I)emocrite ride 
:Non nisi "cana rides, non nisi stulta vldes. 
fletu, hic risu modb gaudeat, unus utrique 
Sit licet usque labor, sit licet usque dolor. 
iTunc opus est (nain totus eheu jam desipit orbis) 
lille IIeraclitis, milleque I)emocritis. 
ttnc opus est (tanta est insania) transeat omnis 
lundus in Ant.cyras, gramen in tIelleborum, 

Veep, 0 Ieraclitus, iL sults tlae age, 
Unless you see nothing base, nothing sad. 
Lmgh, 0 I)emocritus, as much as you please, 
Unless you see nothing either vain or foolish. 
Lt one rejoice in smi]es, the other in tears; 
Let the saine labour or pain be the office of botb. 
lTow (for alas! how foolish the world bas become), 
Ak thousand /eraclitus'» a thousand Democritus' are requ]retl. 
ow (so much does madness prevail), all the world muet be 
Sent fo Antic'ra to grze on IIellbore. 



SYNOPSIS OF THE FIRST PAPTITION. 

In discases, 
considcr 
ect. 1. 
«nb. 1. 

Melancholy: 
in which 
eonsider 

Cattse. 

Or 

Definition, 
Member, 
Division- 
Bub». 

I Impulsive; 
Instrumental; 
Of the body 
300, which are 

Of the hcad 
or mind. 
ubs. 3. 

Sin, concupiscence. 
Intemperance, all second causes, 
Epidemical, us Plague Plica, &c. 
or 
Particular, as Gout, I)ropsy, &c. 
lin disposition; as ail perturbations, evi| 
affection, &c. 
Or r Dotago. 
Frenzy. 
Madness. 
Ecsty. 
Habits, as Lycanthropia. 
BubÆ. 4. Chorous sancti VitL 
Hydrophobia. 
Possession or obsession of 
Devils. 
Mclancholy. See q. 

'Its Equlvocafious, in Disposition, Impropor, &c. 

«bsect. 5. 

3Iemb. 2. [ contained as J Humours, 4. Blood, Phle.,zm, 
To its ex- [ Body |  natural, 
Spirits; vital, animal 
plication, a | bath I or {- Similar; spermatical, or flesh, 
digression | parts ) bones nerves, &c. 8ubs. 3. 
ofanatomy,/ubs. 2. containing ) Dissimilar; brain, heart, liver, &e. 
in which " . 8a/. 4. 
observe 
parts of / (VegetaL ,,bs. 5. 
ub. 1.  Seul and its faculties, as  Sevsible. ,bs. 6, 7, 8. 
(RationaL ,Subsect. 9, 10, 11. 
Its definition, naine, difference, Subs. l. 
The part and parties affected, affectation, &c. %[bs. 2. 
The marrer .f melancholy, natural, unnatural, &c. 8ubs. 4. 
' {-Of the head alerte, Hypo-Çwith thcir several 
Properto ]chondriacal, or windy'me- |caus s rem 
ki.d, (body. (P  ' ' 
which are Or 
Indefinite; as Lovo-melancholy, the subject of the third Par, 
titiom 
It Causes in generaL Seet. 2. A. 
Its Symptoms or signs. ect. 3. B. 
Its Proguostics or indications. ecL 4. 4. 
Its cures; thc subjec of the second Partition. 



78 

:ct. "2. 
1_ attses of 
Me!ancholy 
m'e either 

T'articular 
CtuSeSo 

'Super- 
naturaL 

/atural 

As from God immediately, or by second e,ares. 8«bs. 1. 
Or from the devil immediately, with a digression ot tho 
nature of spirits and dcvils. ,Subs. 2. 
Or mcdiately, by magieians, witches. Saba. 3. 
'Primary, as stars, provcd by nphorisms, si."as from phy 
sioguomy, mctoposeopy, ehiromancy. ,b'«bs. 4. 
Congenite, (Old age, temperament, ,Subs. 5.. 
inward - Parents, it bein an hereditary disease, 
lorn ( ubs. 6. 

Or 

Outwm'd 
or ad, 
titious, 
which axe 

Ptrticxalar to th¢ threc specles. Sec rr. 

Eident, 
ontward, 
remote, 
ventitious 

Inward 
' Of head 
lancholy axe, or 
'ubs. 3. 

Of h)'pochon- 
driacal, or 
 indy Mrlan- 
choly are, 

Or 

Contingent, 
iuward, an- 
tcccdent, 
ilearcst. 
alemb. 5. 
,,ct. 2. 

'/ecessary, sec . 
lurses, ,S'ubs. 1. 
Education, Subs. 2. 
ci Tcrrors, affrights, 
,Subs. 3. 
Scoffs, calumnies, 
biterjcsts,,Sabs. 4. 
Loss of liberty, ser- 
vitude, imprison- 
ment, ,Subs. 5. 
Po crty and want, 
,Subs. 6. 
A hcap of other ac- 
cidents, death of 
tiionds, lo»s &e 
'as. . 
In whieh the body works 
on the mind, and this 
malady is caused by 
preeedent diseases; as 
agues, po.x, &e-, or 
tcmperattu'e iamat3. 
Eubs. 1. 
Or by particular pm'ts 
distcmpered, as brain, 
heart, splecn, livcr, 
mescntcry, pylorus 
tomach, &e. ,Subs. 2. 

Over all the 
b,ody are, 
ubs. 5. 

/nnate humour, or from distcrnperature adust. 
A hot brain, corruptcd blood in the braia. 
Excess of vencrj; or dctëct. 
I Agues, or some preeedent disee. 
[l:umes ari»ing from the stomach, &c. 
Ileat of the snn immoderate. 
A blow on thc hcaoE 
Ovcrmuch usc of hot wines, spices, garlic, onlons, 
hot baths, ovcrmuch waking, &c. 
Oatward Idleness, solàtarincss, or overmuch stndy, vehe- 
ment labour, &c. 
Passions, pcrturbatios, &c. 
' Inwaxd ( Dcfault of spleen, belly, bowels, stomach, mescn- 
} tery, miseraic veins, liver, &c. 
or ") Months or hemorrhoids stoppçd, or any other 
{_ ordinary evacuation. 
Outward  rhose six non-natural things abuscd. 
Inwaxd JLivcr distempered, stopped, over-hot, apt to en- 
or ( gender mclancholy, temperature innate. 
Outward.  Bad diet, suppression of hemorrhoids, &c., and 
 such evacuations, passions, cares, &c.» thoç 
• ix nou-nat,u-al things abuseŒE 



'eces- 
sary 
causes, 
those 
atural 
thinlS, 
xx hich 
al'e, 
,,'ect. 2. 
3[emb. 
2. 

Symp- 
toln 
of me- 
laneho- 
Iv are 
èither 
• Ct. 3. 

stance 
Det 
offend- 
ing in « 
,sub$.3. Quali- 
ty, asin 
I Qllan- 
 tity 
I{ctention and 
evacuafion, 
'ubs. 4. 

Bread; eoarse and black, &e. 
])rink; thick, rhin, sour, &e 
Water unclean, milk, oit, vinegar, wlne, spiees, 
{ Parts; heads, feet, entrails, fat, bacon, hlood, e. 
Flesh 4 .... /Beef pork, venison, hares, goats, pigeons, 
t t.ln(t, i peaoeks, fen-fowl, &e. 
Herbs, ( Of fish; all shcll-fish, ,h, ard and slimy fish, &c. 
Fih,  Of herbs; puise, eabbagc, melons, garlick, onions» &c. 
&c. ( Ail roots, raw fi-uits, hard and windy meats. 
Prcpariug, drcssing, sharp sauces, sah mcats, indurate, soused, 
fricd, broiled, or madc dishes, &c. 
'Disorder in eafing, immoderatc eating, or et nnseasonable 
timcs &c., ,subs. 2. 
Custom; delight, appetite, altercd, &c., ,subs. 3. 
, Costivcness, hot baths, sweating, issues stopped, Vcnus in 
excess, or in dcfect, phlebotomy, purging, &c. 

Air; hot, cold, tempestnons, dark, thick, fogêy, moorish, &c., ,Sub». 5. 
Exereis%  Un«easonable, excessive, or defectiv% of body or mind, solitariness, 
,s«bs. 6.  idlencss, a lift out of action, &c. 
Slcep and waking, unseasonable, inordinate, overmuch, overlitde, &e., ,sub». 7. 
3[emb. 3. 8ect. 2. ' Sorrow, cause and symptom, ,subs. 4. Fear, cause 
Passions and ' and symptom, ,s«bs. 5. Shame, repulse, disgrace, 
perturbations of Irascible &c., 8ab». 6. Envy and malice, ubs. 7. Emu- 
thc mind. lation, hatred, fitction, desire of revenge, ,subs. 8. 
,subs. 2. With Anger a cause, ubz. . Discontents, c-.trcs, me- 
a digression of ries, &c., ,subs. 10. 
the tbrce of or Vehementdesires, ambhion,8ubs.ll. Covetousness, 
imagination. ç«eei,, ,S'ubs. 12. Love of pleasures, gamin in 
8ubs. 2., and di- excess,&c.,,S'ubs. 13. Desircofpraise, pl'ide, vain- 
concupts- glory, &c., ,subs. 14. Love of learning, study in 
vision of passions i cible. 
illtO, ,st«b. 3. excess, withadigTession ofthc miseryofscholars, 
and wl, y the muses are melaucholy, ,subs. 15. 
Body, as ill digestion, erudity, wind, dry brains, hard belly, fllick blood, much 
waking, hcaviness and palpitation ofheart, lcapiug in mnnyplaccs'&c.,,sub.l. 
i Commou {Fear and sorrow without a just cause, suspicion, jealousy 
te ail or - discontent, solitariness, irksomcness, cominnal cogitations, 
mo-t. . restless thoaghts, vain imaginations, &c., 8ub». 2. 
' Cclestial influences, as   ', &c., parts of the body, heart, 
brain, liver, spleen, stomach, &c. 
ï [ Sanguinc are merry stiIt' lauhing, pleasant, medi- 
 [ tating on plavs, women, music, &c. 
 or Or, [ Phlcgmatic, slo'thful, dull, àcavy, &c. 
1-In-  Cholcric, furious, impatient, stbjccg te hcar and 
 meurs | sec strange apparitions, &c. 
/ Black, solitary, sad; they think they are bcwitched, 
Partlcn- [ dead, &c. 
lar te 
private Or mlxed of these four humours adust, or net adust, infi- 
 pcrsons, tfitely varied, &c. 
accord- Their several [ Ambitious, thinks himsclfa kinç, a lord; co- 
ing te customs, con- ] vetous, runs on llis money: lascivious, on 
• Sub».3 4. I ditions, incli-ç his mistress; rcligious, bath revelations, 
nations, disci- ] visions, is a prophet, or tro»bled in mind; 
pline, &c. | a scbolar, on his book, &e. 
[ Ileasant at first, hardivdisccrned; aflerwaxds 
Continuance | harsh and intoleraf)le, if inveterate. 
of time as the | - .  1. Fal»a c_itatio. 
. . .  cnce some maKe   « -.. ". . 
humour s m- ç ,. aee s "i - L°gtrata toquL 
tcndcd or re- | t. 3. Exequ loquutum. 
mitted, &c. / By flts, or contlnnate, as the object varies, 
| pleasing, or displeasing. 
Simple, or s it is mixed with othcr diseases, apoplexies gout, canfilU oI,petitu 
&c., se the symptoms are various. 



80 Synops4.s of a F;rs P«rt;do« 

Particalar 
symptoms te 
the three dis- 
tinet speeies. 
8ect. . 

Ce 
Prognosties 
t melanchol.y. 

{" Iloadach, binding and heaviness, vertigo, lightne«% 
 singing" of the ears, mueh waking, fixed eyes, 
In body ) high eolour, red eyes, hard belly, dry body; no 
Ilead me- I_ great sign of melaneholy in the other parts. 
lancholy, or 
8-bg. 1. ÇContimml fear, sorrow, suspicion, discontcnt, su- 
.} pertluous eares, solicitnde, anxiety, perpetual 
« In mind. ) cogitation of sueh toys they arc posscsscd with, 
. thoughts like dreams, &e. 
'Wind, rumbling in the guts, belly-aeh, heat in 
the bowels, convulsions, erudities, short wind, 
Y[.vpo- !In body our and sharp belchings, cohl sweat, pain in 
clondrla- thc left side, snffocation, palpitation, hcaviness 
of the hcart, singing in thc ears, much spittl, 
cal, or 
windy and moist, 
melan- or 
(earful, sad, su.pieions, diseontent, anxlctF, 
choly. In mind. { Lascivious hy remon of mueh wind, troublèsomo 
;ubs. 2. ( dreams, affccted by fits, &c. 
J Black, most part lean, broad ve|ns, gross, thick 
Over all In body  blood, thcir hemorrhoids commonly stopped, &c. 
the body. or 
8ch». 3. In mind. ! Fearful, sad, solitary, hate light, averse from eom- 
( pany, fearful dreams, &e. 
Symptoms of nuns' maids', and widowa" melaneholy, in body and mind, &e. 
[ Why they are se fearful, sad, snspicions without a caus, why 
[ solitary, why melancholy men are wittv, why they suppose 
A reason | thcy hcar and sec strangc voices, visiohs, apparitions. 
of thcse 
symp- ( [ W'hy they prophesv, and speak strange languages; whcnco 
Memb.t°ms" / comcs thcir cru'dity, rumbling, couvulsions, cold sweat, 
3.| heaviness of heart, palpitation, cm-diaca fearful dreams, 
[ much waking, prodigious fantasies. 
{'Morphcw, seahs, itch brcaking ont, &c. 
) Black jaundice. 
Teuding te good» as ) If the hemorrhoids voluntarily open. 
{.If varices appear. 
'Leanness, dryness, hollow-eyed, &e. 
' Invcteratc mclancholy is incurabh:. 
Tendiog te evil, as If cold, it dcgen«rates often into epilepsy, apo- 
plexy, dotage, or into blindncss. 
If hot, into madness, despair, and violent death. 
f The grlevousness of this abovo ail other dise.ses. 
Thc disc&es of thc mind are more grievous than 
those of thc body. 
Corollarles and ques- Whether it be law, fui, in this case of melaneholy, 
rie ,tre.  for a man te offcr violence te himself. Are.q. 
I How a melancholy or mad man offcring violence 
te/fimself, fs te be eensured. 



THE FIRST SECTION, ]IEMBER, SUBSECTION. 

$Iargs Excellency, Fall, Miser, Infirmiies; T] causes of tlem. 
M«r?s Excellenry.] ]I, the most excel]ént and noble creature of the 
world, "the principal and mlghty work of God, wonder of nature," as Zoro- 
aster calls him ; audacis aturoe miraculum, "the ° marvel of marvels," as 
l'lato; "the b abridgment and epitome of the worhl," as Pliny; Iicrocosmus, 
a little world, a model of the world, e sovereign lord of the earth, viceroy of the 
world, sole commander and governor of all the creatures in if ; fo whose empire 
they are sub]ect in particular, and yield obedience; far SUrlssing all the rest, 
hot in body only, but in soul; aImafirds Imago, °created to God's own image, 
to that immortal and incorpore.al aubstance, with ail the facxflties and powers 
belonging unto if; was at £rst pure, divine, ierfec, happy, « «created after 
God in true holiness and righteousness;" Deo congruens, free from all manner 
of infirmities, and put in Paradise fo know God, fo praise and glorify him, to 
do his will, Ut diis consmiles ;oaruria$ deos (as an old poet saith) fo propagate 
the church. 
$[an's ]¢'all and S[isery.] But this most noble creature, Heu tristis, eg 
lacl, rymosa commutatio C' one exdaims) 0 pitiful ch3nge ! is fallen from that ho 
,vas, and forfeited his estate, become miserabilis lwmundo,  cast-away, a 
caitiff, one of the mos miscrable creatures of the world, if he be consldered in 
his own nature, an unregenemte man, and so much obscured by his çall that 
{some fev reliques exccpted) he is inferior fo a beast, "'M3n in honour tha 
understandeth hot, is like unto beasts that perish," so David esteems him : a 
monster by stupend metamorphosis * a fox, a dog, a hog, what not? Quantu», 
mutatus ab illol Itow much altercd from that he was; before blessed and 
happy, now miserable and accursed; "' l=[e toast eat his meat in sorrow," 
subject fo death and all manncr of infirmities, all kind of calamities. 
A Description «fyJ[elancoly.] "'Great travail is created for all mcn, and 
an heavy yoke on the sons of Adam, from the day that they go out of theit 
mother's womb, unto that day thcy return to the mother ofall things. Namely, 
their thoughts, and fear of their hc-q.rts, and their imagination of things they 
wait for, and the day of death. From him that sitteth in the glorious thème, 

• .aguttra m[raculum, tMund[ epltome, natur delic[oe, • Finis rerum omnlum, eu| sublunar& 
ervinnt. Scal/g. exercit. 365. sec. 3. VaIes. de sacr. Phil. c. 5. • Ut in numismate Coearis imago, sic in 
homine Dei. • Gen. !. tImago mundi in corpole, Dei in anima. Exemplumque dei quisque est in 
imagine parva • Eph. iv. 2  P!anteriu. t p8l glig. ?,0.  Lcivi superat eluum, impuo 
dntl canera» astu v]pem, furole leoucrn. Ch's. 23. Gen. ' Gen. iii. 13. m Ecclus. iv. 1, 2, 3, 4 5, 8, 
G 



fo him that si ;teth beneath in the earth and ashes; from him that is clothed in 
blue silk and weareth a crown, to him that is clothed in simple linen. ,Vmth, 
envy, trouble, and unquietness, and fcar of death, and rigour, and strife, and 
such things corne fo boh man and beast, but sevenfold fo the ungodly." 
this befalls him in this lire, and peradventure ctcrual misery in the life fo corne. 
f mloulsive Cause of Mars Misery and Infirmlties.] The impulsive cuse of 
these miseries in Man, this privation of destruction of God's image, the CtLSe 
of death and diseuses, of all temporal and eterual punishments, was the sin of 
out first parent Adam, ° in eating of the tbrbiddeu fruit, by the devil's insti- 
gation and alIurement. ]=[is disobedience, pride, ambition, intemperance, incre 
dulity, curiosity; from whence procecded original sin, and that general corrup- 
tion of mankind, as from a fountain flowed all bad inclinations and act.ual 
transu, ressions which cause out several calamities inflicted upon us for our sius. 
And this bclike is that which our fabulous poets have shadowed unto us in the 
talc of °Pandora's box, which being opened through hcr curiosity, filled the 
world full of all mancr of diseses. It is no curiosity alone, but those other 
crying sins of ours, which pull these several l,lagues and miseries upon out 
heads. For Ubi leccaturn, ibi procella, as VChryso.tom wll observes. "« Fools 
by rcaon of their transgression, and becaxse of thcir iniquities, are affiicted. 
"Fear comcth like sudden desolation, and destruction like a whirlwind, afflic- 
tion and angu£h," bccate they did not fear God, "" Are you shaken with 
wars" as Cyprian wcll urgeth to Demetrius, "are you molested with dearth 
and famine ? is your health crushed with rang diseascs is mankind gene- 
rally tormented with epidemical malaAies? 'tis all for your sins," Hag. i. 9, 
10; Amos £ ; Jet. vii. God is angry, ptmisheth and threateneth, because of 
their obstincy and stubbornness, they will hOt turn unto him. '"If the earth 
be burren then for want of tain, if dry and squalid, if yield no fruit, if your 
fountains be dried up, your wine, corn, and oil blasted, if the air be corrupted, 
and men troubled with diseases, 'tis by reason of their sins :" xvhich like the 
blood of Abel cry loud to heaven for vengeance, Lam. v. 15. "That we have 
sinned, therefore out hearts are heavy," Isa. lix. 11, 12. "We roar like 
bears, and mourn like dovcs, and want balth, &c. for our sins and trespasses." 
]ut this we cannot endure to heur or to take notice oi Jet. ii. 30. " We are 
smitten in vain and receive no correction;" and cap. v. 3. "Thou hast 
stricken them, but they bave no sorrowed ; they bave refused to receive cor- 
rection ; they bave hot returned, lestilence he bath sent, but they have hot 
turued to him," Amos iv. = Herod could hot abide John Baptist, nor • Domitiau 
endure Apollonius to tell the causes of the plague af Ephesus, his injustice, 
incest, adultery, and the like. 
To punish therefore this blindness and obstinacy of ours as a concomitant 
cause and principal agent, is God's just judgment in bringing these calamities 
upon us, to chastise tL, I say, for our sins, and to satisfy God's wrath For the 
law requires obedience or punishment, as you may rend at large, Deut. xxviii. 
15. "If they will hot obey the Lord, and keep his commandments and ordi- 
nanoe% then ail these curses shall corne upon them.  Cursed in the town and 
in the field, &c. "Cursed in the fruit of the body, &c. The Lord shall send 
thee trouble and shame, because of tby wickedness." And a little aftcr, 
"The Lord shall smite thee with the botch of Egypt, and with emrods, and 

a Gen. iii. 17. oIlla cadens tegmen manlbus decuit, et una pernlclem immlslt mlse molib 
am. lliod. 1. Oper.  Hom. 5. ad p. Antioeh. q Psal. evfi. 17. r Pro i. 27. s Qud 
autem ebriu beHa cncutnç qu6d sterili[ et f olicituoe Cenç qu6d vientib morb 
valedo gztur, qnod h gea I popatione vt; oh pet omnia. Cypr « Si rare 
dnpvr pluvia dcenç i tea itu pulver uç i voE j et plid herb  gleba 
produç m turbo ne debxht,  Cr  Mat xv 3 a Plo 
.... " " - " • • " sat, b. 8. t. Apoll0nii. 
Injtitm ej et elerat nupti et cœe.era q proeter rafionem feccra morborum c xit. y 16. 
• 18. • 20. b Verse 27. 



l'em. I. Sul)s. 1.] 1)easea  Oenera. 83 

seab, and itch, and thou canst hot be healed. ¢With madness, blindnesa, and 
astonishing of heart." This Paul seconds, Rom. ii. 
mguh on the mul of cvery man that doth evil." Or ehe these chast 
ntents are infliced upon us for out humiliation, $o exercioe and Sryour patience 
here in this lire, to bng us home, o make  to know God oulves, to form 
and ach us wisdom. "«Theoefore is my ol»le gone in captiviy» becaum 
they had no knowledge; herefore is the wrath of the Lord kindled agains 
peopl and he hah stoeched out h hand upon them." He  dessous of 
our svation. "ostroe saluti a,qus, ith Lemnius, and for tha uoe pulls 
us by the ear many times» fo put us in mind of out duties: "That they which 
erred might bave dsandg, (as Isaiah speaks xxix. 2) and 
formeoE  1 ara aicted, d at the poin$ of dth,"  ad confessefl of 
himsel Psalm lxxxviii, v. 15, v. O. "5le eyes are owful through miuo 
action:" and hat ruade him Surn unto od. Çreat Alexandcr the midst 
of all his prosperity, by a company of parasites deified, and now ruade a god, 
vhen he saw one of his wounds blced, mcmbcred that he 
remitted of his pride.  mbo r«collbfit s a»tm,  as Phny vell peroeived; 
"Xn sickness the mind reflects upon itsel wih jndgment surveys itsel and 
abhom its furmer oeurses;" insomuch tiret he coucludes to his friend [arius, 
«gthat it were the pcriod of all philosophy,  we could so continue, sound, or 
perform but a part of çhat which we promioed fo do, being sick." Who is wiso 
then, w consider these things as avid did (Psal. cxliv., ver lt); and 
vhaoever foune befall him, make use ofit. If he be in som.ow, ne, sick- 
ness» or any oSher adversity, seriously fo rount with himoelÇ why his or tha 
malady, mLse, this or that incurable die is inflicted upon him; if may be 
fi»r h good,  s@ expoEit,  Peter id of his daugh$er's ague. odfly sick- 
ess is for his ul's health, «ris  pset, had he hot been visid, he 
hd utterly perished ; for "tthe Lord cocte$h him whom he loveth, even as 
a ther doth lfis child  whom he dehghteth." If he be mfe and sound on 
the other side, and fte from 
"Gratl fo v«letudo contingat abundè "And that he bave ae¢, u, favour, ht 
Et md victu% non deflciente ccnâ." 
Yet in the midst of s prosperity, let him remember that caveat of Ioses, 
" ware ha he do not forger the Lo his God; » that he be hot puffed up, 
but knowled hem to be his good fts and benefits, and "the more he 
hah, o be more than," ( Agapefianua advioeth) and use hem arigh 
]sttd Ç« of  ]firmiti.] ow the stmcnal ca of 
hese o firmities, are as diveroe as he ifies themoelves; 
eavens, e]emens, &c. d 
armed against ainne. They were deed onoe good in hemoelves, and that 
they are now many of them pemicious o , is hot in their nae, but out 
oen'upfion, hich bath OEused it. For from he  of out fit parent Ada, 
they bave been changed, the eth csed, the inflaenoe of sta ered, the 
four clements, beasts, hds, plts, are noxv ready to offend us. « The prin- 
cipal ga for he e of m, are water, tire, iron, salt, meal wheat honey, 
milk, off, wine, clothing, good fo he godly, fo the snc tued o evil," 
Ecclus. . 26. "Fim, and hail d fane and de'h, all these m'e creatcd 

• 8. ])et quos diligtt, eastigat, e Is. v. 13. verse 15. ® NosWoe ealutis ad contlnenter aes 
vel]cst, ac calaitate subinde nos exoecet. vi Le.n.I. 2. c. 29. de occt, nat. m@. * exatio dat 
Intellcctm. las. zxviii. 19. lu aickue tbe d recollec ilf. tLib. . Cm Jucio, Œeees 
et fazta reccit et e Inet. Dru fero lanor¢m, fero religlon om. Expers 1o non 
um memoe b amorSs, s Summum s toti phphi ut   verem, qual  
futurs e l profitoe, • Fearch.  Prov. iii. 12.  Hot. Epis. lib. 1.4.  Dt. i. 1L 
Qui st deat ne cadat. ç Qu moribua efic a D cmat» to obatiot M 
blr faterL 



84, 1)iseases in GeneraL [Pari. I. 8ee. I. 

for aengcan.'.e," Ecclus. xxxlx. 29. The heavens threaten us with their comets, 
stars, planers, with their great conjuuctions, eclipses, oppositions, quartiles, 
and such unfriendly aspects. The air with his meteors, thunder and lightning, 
intemperate heat and cold, rnighty winds, tempests, uuseasonable weather; 
from which prooeed dearth, famine, plague, and all sorts ofepidemical diseases, 
consuming infinite myriads of rnen. At Cairo in Egypt, every third year, (as 
if is related by *Boterus, and others) 300,000 die of the plague and 200,000, 
in COlstantinople, every fifh or seventh af the utrnost. How doth the earth 
terrify and oppress us with terrible earthquakes, which are most frequent 
*China, Japan, and those easteru climes, swallowing up sornetimes six citics 
at once  How doth the water rage with his inundatious irruptions, flin-6ng 
down towus, cities, villages, bridges, &c., besides shipwrecks; whole islands 
are sometimes suddenly overwhelmed with all their inhabitants in * Zealand, 
t[olland, and many parts of the continent drowned, as the » lake Erne in Ire- 
land  «Arihil7ue prcer arclum ¢adavera paent£ cernimus freo. In tho 
fcns of Friesland 1230, by reazon of tempests, "the sen drowned multa homi- 
urn millla, etjurnenta sne numero, all the count T almost, men and cattle 
if. How doth the tire rage, that merciless element, consuming in an instant 
whole cities What town of any antiquiy or note bath nos been once, again 
and again, by the fury of thiz merciless element, defaced, ruinated, and lef 
desolate] In a word, 
" • lgnis pepercit, unda mcrgt, aëris « Whora tire spare, sea doth dron ; -hom 
Vis pestilentis luori ereptum necat, Pestilcnt air doth send to clay; 
13ello superete.% tabitlus morbo petit." ¥hom -ar "eeape eickness takes away." 
To descend to more particulars, how many creatures are at deadly feud with 
men? Lions, wolves, bears, &c. Some with boom, hot'as, tusks, teeth, raails: 
How many noxious serpents and venomous creatures, ready to offend us with 
tings, breath, sight, or quite kill us  How many pernicious fishes, plants, 
gums, fruits, seeds, flowers, &c., could I reckon np on a sudden, which by their 
very smell many of them, touch, taste, cause some grievous mslady, if 
death itself Some make mention of a thousand several poisons: but 
.are but trifles in respect. The greatest enemy to man, is man, who by tho 
dcvil's instigation is still ready fo do mischief, his own executioner, a wolç 
 devil to himselï, and othcm.* "We are ail brethrea in Christ, or at lease 
should be, members of one body, servants of ono Lord, and yet no fiend eau 
so torment, insult over, tyraunize, vex, as one man doth another. Let mo 
hot fall therefore (saith Dvid, when wars, plague, famine were offered) into 
the hads of men, mereiless and wicked men: 
" " VIx stmt homlnes lmc aoratne dlgnl, 
Quàrnque lupi, smve plus feritatis habent." 
-Ve eau most part foresee these epide.mical diseases, and likely avoid them; 
Dearths, tempests, Plagues, out astrologers foretel us; F, arthquakes, inunda- 
tions, ruius of houses, eonsuming rires, corne by little and little, or make somo 
noise beforehand; but the knaveries, impostures, injuries and villanies of men 
no art can avoid. We can keep out professed enemies from out cities, by 
gares, walls, and towers, defend onrselves from thievez and robbers by watehful- 
ness and weapons; but this malice of men, and their peruicicus endeavottrs, 
no caution en divert, no vigilancy foresee» we bave so many secret plots and 
devices to misehief one another. 
Sometime.z by the devil's help as magicia.s, twitehes: sometimes by impos. 

_e, loterus de Inst. IrbJnrn.  Lege bist. relatlonern Lori. Fros de rebs 
• tiuicciard, descript. Belg. anno 1421. e Giraldun Cambrens q  ........ ponl.c.ls a_d annllm 1596. 
we pvrccav" nothmg," cxcept the dead bvdies of cities in the opeïa" sea. «,,. ïv_ï__»suns.ep. lb. 1. car. 10. And 
• uchanan. Baptist. * Home hornini ln-,- ---^ ----:-- -, er. 1.3. Ces. cap, 46. 
ti:eat caita novcrc e-, ,ouav auuasal temon.  Orid. de Trat. i. 5. Eieg. . 



]fcm. 1. Subs. 1.] Dse«se it Gener«[. 85 

tures, mixtures, poisons, stratagems, single combats, wars, we hack and hew, 
as if we wel ad idernecioner, nati, like Cadmus' soldiel born to consume one 
another. 'Tis an ordinary thing to read of a hundred and two hundred thou- 
sand men slain in a battle. Besides ali manner of tortures, brazen bulls, 
racks, wheels, strapadocs, guns, en-,ines, &c. uAd unum corpus humanum 
• uppliciaplura, qua» merabra: We bave invented more torturing instruments, 
than there be several members in a man's body, as Cyprian well observes. To 
corne nearer ye, our own parents by their iffcnces, indiscretion and intem- 
perance, are out mortal enemies. " "The fathers bave eaten sour grapes, and 
the children's teeth are set on edge." They cause our grief many times, 
and put upon us hereditary diseases, inevitable infirmitics : they torment us, 
and we are ready to injure out posterity; 

' «rnox tlaturi progealem vltlosiorem." I «' And yet wlth crimes fo t unknown, 
I 
Out ons hall mark the commg age their own." 

and the latter end of the world, as "Paul foretold, is still like to be the worst. 
We are thns bad by nature, bad by kind, but fitr worse by at, every man the 
greatest enemy unto himselï. We study many rimes to undo ourselves, ab,s- 
ing those good gifts which God bath bestowed upon us, health, wealth, 
strength, wit, learning, art, memory to our own destruction,  Perd/t/o tua ex 
te. As • Judas Iaccabeus killed 2pollonius with kis own weapons, we arm 
ourselves fo out own overthrows ; and use reason, art, judgment, all that 
should help us, as so many instruments to undo us. tector gave Ajax  
svord, which so long as he foght against enemies, served for his help and 
defence ; but after he began to hurt harmless creatures with it, turned to his 
own hurtless bowels. Those excellent meaus God hath bestowed on us, well 
employed, cannot but much avail us ; but ii otherwise perverted, they ruin and 
confound us : and so by reason of our indiscretion and weakness they com- 
monly do, we bave too many instances. This St. Anstin acknowledgeth of 
himsclf in his humble confessions, "promptness of wit, memor.v, eloquence, 
they were God's good gifts, but he did hot use them to his glory." If you 
will particularly know how, and by what means, consult physicians, and they 
• vill tell you, tht it is in offetxding in some ofthose six aomnatural things, of 
vhich 1 shall "dilate more at large; they are the causes of out infirmities, our 
surfeiting, and drunkenuess, out immoderate insatiable lust, and prodigiou. 
flot. lPlures crapula, quam gladius, is a true saying, the bord consumcs 
more than the sworoE Out intemperaace it is, that pulls so many several 
incurable diseases upon our heds, that hastens bold age, perverts out temper- 
ature, and brings upon us sudden death. And last ofall, that which crucifies 
us most, is otlr own folly, madness, (uos dupiter perdit, dmne»ttat; by sub- 
traction of kis assisting grace God permits it) weakness, want of government, 
our facility and proneness in yielding to several lasts, in giving way to every 
passion and perturbation ofthe mind: by which means we metamorphose our- 
selvcs and degenerate into beasts. _A_]l which that prince of  poets observed 
ofAgamemnon, that when he was well pleased, and could moderate his passion, 
he was---os oculosque Jovi par: like Jupiter in feature, ]Iars in valour, PaÀas 
in wisdom, another god; but when he became angry, he was a lion, a tiger, a 
dvg, &c., there appearcd no silex or likeness of Jupiter in him ; so we, as long 
as we are ruled by reason, correct out inordinate appetite, and conform our- 
selves to God's ord, are as so many saints: but ff we give relira to lnst, 
anger, ambition, pride, and follow out own ways, we degenerate into beasts 



86 DOE, :r, Div. ol D/«a«e. [-l'r. 1. Sec. 

transform ourselves, overthrow our constitutions, aprovoke God to snger, and 
heap upon us this of melancholy, and ail kinds of incurable diseases, as a jtLt 
and deserved punishment of our sins. 

StrSECT. II.T/m Defiiton, ff umS, Dvizo of Di&ases. 
WT a dis , almost eve physician dcfines. "Feelius leth it an 
"Affe&ion of the by contra to natte." « Fuschius and Cmto, "an hin- 
derance, hu, or alteration of any tion of the body, or  of la" t Th 
losanus, « a dsolution of that leste which  between body and soul, and a 
pcurbation of it ;  heMth the perfeion, and makes to the preservation 
of it."  Labeo  Agel, "an iii habit of the body, oppote to natte, 
hindering the u of it." Othe otherse, a to t effect. 
u»« of D«as.] IIow many dioees there are, h a question hot yet 
dermhed ;  Plinyreckons up 300 from the crown of the head to the sole of 
tbe foot : elwhere he saith, bm infinita mult, their number is 
infinite. Howsoever it w h those rimes, it boots not  in out days I ara 
te the numbcr h much augmented : 
Te cubat cohorsY" 
For esid many epidemical dioees hrd oç and ltogcther unkno to 
Glen and Hippocmt,  scorbutum, small-çox, pHOe, swting sickne, 
morbus Gaicus, &c., we have many pper and peculiar almost to eve pa. 
o nfi'fr some D or oer.] o man amont us so d, of 
so goed a constitution, that bath nos some impediment of body or minJ. 
Quç os «imur m«, we bave all our firmities, first or lt, more or 
]oes. There will be radventure  an age, or one of a thound, ke Zeno- 
œhilus the muician in t liny, that may happy live 105 yrs without any 
manner of impcdiment ; a Pollio omulus, tht OEn preserve himoe]f " 
wine and vil ;" a man as founate  Q. ctel]us, of whom Valcus so much 
bmgs ; a man  healthy as Otto Hcrwardus, a senar of Auburg in 
nmy, whom »Leotius the t]ogcr brings in for an examœle and insnoe of 
ccrt.aiuty in h a ; who bcoeuse he had the ifioeto n his genitum 
founate, and frce from the hostie pects of Satu and Iars, being a ve 
cold man, «  could nos remember tbat evcr he w sic." » Paracclsus may 
bg that he cod mtke a man live 400 y or more, if he might bring him 
up from h hfncy, and diet him as he list ; and some physicians hold, 
there is no certain period er man's lie ; but it may till by temperance and 
],hysic be plonged. We find in the meantime, by common expeenoe, that 
no an can epc, but that of Hesiod is true : 
"Hx«l p o 7 a, e 8 Aa«« ] « Th" hs fl of 
Nooo=" pwot  ' pp, N  ugrl Wi set un  both by nght and y." 
I 
D£vion of Dsoes.] If you rcqire a more exact division oftese orda 
diseases which are cidcot to en, I refcr you to physicians ;" tey wi teil 
you of acute and chroni% fit and oenda, ]eta]es, lutar, ent, 5xed, 
simple, copod, oennexed, or conoequent, belong to 

a tntemperantia, luxus, lngluvies, et lnfluita hoJumodi flagitia, qute (livtuas lnas merentur. Crato. 
• Feru. lath. I. t. ¢. 1. lorbus est afi'ectus ¢outra naturam ¢orpor! insidcns, t Fusch. Instit. ]. 3. 
œeeect. L e. 3. & quo prlmum vltiatur actio, g Dissolutio foederlz in corpore, uS sanltas est consummatiOo 
t Lib. 4. cap. 2. Morlms est habitu contra uaturam, qui usure ejus, &¢. l Cap. I 1. lib. 7. * Horat. 
lib. ".. ode 3. « ErnaciatioD, and a new cohort of revers broods orer the earth." k Cap. 50. lib. 7. Ceutum 
et quinqu vtxit annos sine ullo incommodo, ffi Intus mulso, fora. oleo. • Exemplis geuitur, proefixis 
Ephcmcr. cap. de inflrmitat.  Qui, quoad puerttioe ultimam memoriam recordari potest non meminit se 
gTOtUm decubuise. P Lib. de vitalonga. Oper. et Dies. • Sec Fernelius Fath lib I eau 9 
|0, 11 s [2. k'uchius insfit, l. 3. secS. 1. c. 7. Wccker. 5ynt. " " " " " 



].Iem. l. ubs. 4.] Div. of tle Diaeases of the llead. 

87 

habit, or in disposition, &e. My division at this rime (s most befitting my 
purpose) shall be into thos of the body and mind. For them of the body, a 
brief catalomae of which Fuschius hath ruade, Institut. lib. 3, sect. 1, cap. 11. 
:[ refer you te the voluminous ternes of Galen, Areteus, lhasis, Avicenna, 
Alexander, I>aulus .Etius, Gordonerius: and those exact lTeoteries, Savana 
rola, Capivaccius, Donatus lomarus, tIereules de Saxoni, Mercmialis, 
rictorius Faventinus, Wecker, liso, &c., that bave methodically and elabo- 
rately written of them all. Those of the mind and hcad I will briefly handle» 
and apar. 
StrBsECr. IIL--Dvslon of tle Diseases of glu lead. 
THeS. diseasee of the mind, forasmueh as they bave their chier sent and 
rgan in the head, whieh are commonly repeated amongst the diseases of tho 
head which are divers, and vary mueh according te their site. For in the head 
as there be several parts, se there be divers grievances, which aecording te tha 
division of tHeurnius, (whieh he takes outof Areulanus,) are inward or outward 
(te omit all others which pertain te eyes and ears, nostr[is, gums, teeth, mouth, 
palate, tongle, wesel, ehops, face, &c.) belonging properly te the bmin, as 
baldness, falling of hair, furfaire, lice, &c. * Inwmxl belonging te the skius 
next te the brain, ealled dura and pic mter, as all head-aches, &c., or te tho 
ventricles, caules, kels, tunicles, creeka, and parts of if, and their passions, as 
caro, vertigo, incubus, apoplexy, falling sa:ness. The diseases of the nerves, 
cramps, stupor, convulsion, tremor, palsy: or belonging te the excrements of 
the brain, catarrhs sneezing, rheums, distfllations: or else those that pertain 
te the substance of the brain itsclf, in which are conceivcd frenzy, lethargy 
melancholy, madness, weak memory, sopor, or Coma Vlilla eS vigil Cerfs. 
Out of these again I will single such as properly belong te the pllantasy, or 
imanation, or reason itself, which "Laurentius calls the diseases of the mind ; 
and l=iildesheim, mo'bos imaginatonis, aut 'ationis leesce, (diseases of the 
imagination, or of injmd reason,) which are three or four in number, phrensy, 
madncss, melancholy, dotage, and their kinds: as hyda)phobia, lycanthropia, 
Charus sancti vti, morbi dcemoniaci, (St. Vitus's dance, poasession of devils,) 
hich I will briefly touch and point at, insisting especial|yin this of melancholy, 
as more eminent than the test, and that through all his kinds, causes, symp- 
teins, prognostics, cures : as Lonicerus bath done de apople.viâ, and many other 
of mch particular diseascs. :Net that I find tault with those which bave 
written of this subject before, as Jason Pratensis, Laurentius, Montaltus, T. 
]3right, &c., thcy bave done very well Lu ther oeveaal kinds and methods; yet 
that which one omits, another may haply see; that which one contracts, 
another may enlarge. Te conclude with • Scribanius, "that which they had 
neglected, or profunctorily handled, we may more thoroughly examine; that; 
which is obscurely delivered in them, may bc perspicuously dilated and ampiLfi- 
ed by us :" and se ruade more familiar and easy for every man's capacity, and 
the common good, which is the chier end of my di-course. 

8uszr. Ir.--Dotage, Phrensy, .Jladness, lyd'o2>hobla, Zycanthro2a, 
Clwrus sanct Viti, Extasis. 

Delirium, Dotage.] Doro, iatuit:y, or folly, is a eommon naine te ail tho 
following speeies, as some wilI hure it. "LoEurentius and "Altomarus compre- 
hended madness» melaneholy, and the rest under this name» and call it tho 

t Proefat. de rnorbis ©altis. In capite ut rtm habitant pattes, lts trl qerel 
which rend Hemmiu, loutalt-as lildesh¢im, Quereetau, Jason Prntensis, &¢. • Cap. 2. de me]anchoL 
Cep. . de Phisiologta ssgarttm; Quod alii mtatts recte fortasse dixerint nos examlnare= 
corrigere tudeamus. • Cap. . de mol • Art. /ed. 7. 



88 ])&cascs OEte 3_r;d. Part. 1. Sect. I. 

summum genus of them all. If it be distinguished ri'oto them, it is natural or 
ingenite, which cornes by some defect of the organs, and over-nmch brain, as 
we see in out common fools; and la for the most part intended or remitted in 
particular men, and thereupon some are wiser than others : or else if is acqui- 
site, an appendix or symptom of some other disease, which corses or goesj oz 
if if continue, a sign of melancho]y itself- 
Phrensy.] Phrenitls, which the Greeks derive from the word Ce,w, is a 
disease of the mind, with a continual madness or dotage, which hath an acute 
lever anuexed, or else an inflammation of the brain, or the membranes or 
kcls of it, with an acute fever, which causeth madncss and dotage. It differs 
from melancholy and madness, because their dotago is without an ague: 
this continua], with waking, or memory decayed, &c. ]Helancholy is most 
part silent, this clamorous and many such lik differences are assigned by 
physicians. 
Madness.] fa«]ness, phrensy, and melancholy are confounded by Ce]sus 
and many wrlters; others lcave out phrensy, and make madness and melan- 
choly but one disease, which bJason Pratensis especially labours, and that they 
diffcr only secundurn mains or rnin, in quan tity alone, the one being a degree 
fo the other, and both proceeding from one cause. They ditïer intenao eg 
'emisso gradu, saJth Gordonius, as the humour is intended or remitted. Of the 
saine mind is « Areteus, Alexander Tertullianus, Guiauerius, Savanarola, tteur- 
nius; and Galen himself wrltes promiscuously of them both by reason of their 
affinity : but most of out neoterics do handle them apart, whom I will follow in 
this treatise. ]Kadness is therefore defined to be a vehement dotage; or raving 
xvithout a lever, far more violent than melancholy, full of anger and clamour, 
horrible looks, actions, gestures, troubling the patients with far greater vehc- 
mency both of body and mind, without all fear and sorrow, with such impetuous 
force and boldness, that sometimea three or four men cannot hold them. 
.Differing only in this from phrensy, that itis xvithout a lever, and theh" memo .ry 
s most part better. If hath the saine causes as the other, as choler adust, 
and blood incensed, brains inflamed, &c. °Fracastorims adds, "a due rime, 
and full age to this definition, to distinguish it from children, and will bave it 
confirmed impotency, to separate it from such as accidental]y corne and go 
again, as by taking henbane, nightshade, wine," &c. Of this fury there be 
divers kintls; ecstasy, which is familar wlth some persons, as Carclan saith of 
himselt he could be in one when he list; in which the Indian priests deliver 
their oracles, and the witches in Lapland, as Olaus fagnus writeth, 1.3, cap. 
18. Ex2asi ornais prwdicer«, answer all questions in an extasi you will ask; 
what your friends do, where they are, how they fre, &c. The other species 
of this fury are enthusiasms, revelations, and visions, so often mentioned by 
Gregory and Beda in their works; obsession or possession of devila, sibylline 
l'r°phets, and poetical furies; such as corne by eating noxious herbs, tarantulag 
stinging, &c., which some reduce to this. The most known are these, lycan 
thropia, hydrophobia, chorus sancti viti. 
Zycanthropia.] Lycanthropia, vhich Avicenna calls Cucubuth, others 
Lrpinam insaniam, or Wolf-madness, vhen men run howlng about graves and 
lields in the night, and will hot be persuaded but that they are wolves, or 
some such beasts. 2Etius and bPaulus call it a kind of melancholy; but I 
should »ather refer it to madness, as most do. Some make a àoubt of it 

b Plerlque medlel uno eornplexu perstrtngnnt hos duos morbos, quod ex eadem eau oriai-nr, qnodque 
agnitudi.e et modo solùm d£tent, et airer gradus sri alterum exitat. Jason Pratena. • Lib. led. 
- rata mn mthi vdet'¢r • Innu 
• est, qui oette debitA, et rempote debito per se, non momentaneara 
et fugacem, rit vint, solani Hyoscyam], sed confirmatam habet impotentiam bene operaudi circ tutellectum. 
lJb. 2. de nteHectioue. «Of which re.ad FOelLx Plater, cap. . de meti ]inat|o. • IAb. 6. ¢a). ii. 
• Lib. . cap. 



Iem. 1. Subs. 4.] Diss's OEth¢ Mbul. 89 

vhcther there be any such disease. IDonat ab Altomari saith, that he saw 
two of them in his rime: kWierus tells a story of such a one at ladua 1541, 
that would hot believe fo the contrary, but that he was a wol£ tte bath 
anot.her instance of a Spaniard, who thought himself a bear; Forrestus 
confirms as much by many examples; one amongst the rest of which he was 
an eye-witness, af Alcmaer in Holland, a poor husbandman that still hunted 
about graves, and kept in churchyards, of a pale, black, ugly, and fearful look. 
Such bclike, or little better, were King lroetus ' "daughters, that though 
themselves kine. And Nebuchadnezzar in Daniel, as some interpreters hold, 
was only troubled with this kind of madncss. This disease perhaps gave occa- 
sion to that bold assertion of °lliny» "some men were turned into wolves in 
his rime, and from wolves to men again :" and to that fable of Pausanias, of 
a man that was ton yea a wolf, and afterwards tmned to his former shape: 
to °Ovid's tale of Lycaon, &c. He that is desirous fo hear of this disease» çr 
more examples, let him read Austin in his 18th book d« Civitat Dei, «r. 5. 
Mizadu, cent. 5. . ;¢«nu, loE. 1. d«stwim, slcd. 2. d 3«ni«. 
Iorrestus, lib. 10. d morbis cerebri. Olaus Magnus, Vicentiu Bdlavicensiz; 
spec. et. lib. 31. c. 122. laierius, Bodine, Zuinger, Zeilger, Peucer, Wierus, 
Spranger, &c. This malady, saith Avicenna, troubleth men most in February, 
and is now-a-days frequent in Bohemia and ttungary, according to rtteuruius. 
Schernitzius will have if common in Livonia. They lie hid most part all day, 
and go abroad in the nigh, barking, howling, af graves and deserts; "*they 
bave usually hollow eyes, scabbed legs and thighs, very dry and pale," «saith 
Altomarus; he gives a reason there of al] the symI>toms , and sers down a 
brief cure of them. 
Hydrophobia is a kind of madness, vell known in evcx T village, v¢hich comcs 
by the biting of a mad dog, or cratching, saith "Aurclianus; touching, or 
amelling alone sometimes as "Sckenkius proves, and is incidcnt to many other 
creatures as welI as men: so called because the parties affected cannot endure 
the sight of water, or any liquor, supposing still they sec a mad dog in it. 
And which is more wonderful; hough they be very dry, (as in this malady 
they arc)they wfll rather die than drink: Coelius Aurelianus, an ancient 
writer, makes a doubt vhether this ttydrophobia be a passion of the body or 
the mind. The part aflected is the brain : the cause, poison that cornes ïrom 
the mad dog, which is so hot aad dry, that it consumes all the moisture in the 
body. °LIildesheim relates of some that dicd so mad; and being cut up, had 
no water, scarce blood, or any moisture left in them. To such as are so 
aflected, the fear of water bcgins at fourteen days after they are bitten, fo some 
again hot till fory or sixty days after: commonly saith ttemius, they begin 
to rave, fly water and glasses, fo look red, and swell in the face, about twenty 
days after (if some remedy be hOt taken in the meantime) to fie awake, fo be 
pensive, sad, fo see strange visions, to bark and howl, to fall into a swoon, 
and oftentimes fits of the fallig ickness.  Some say,. little things liko 
vhelps will be aeen in their mine. If any of these sigas appear, they are 
past recovery. ]Iany rimes thcse symptoms will hot appear tfll six or sevea 
months after, saith Codronchus; and sometimes hot till seven or eight yeam» 
as Guianerius; twelve as Albertus; six or eight months after, as Galen holds. 
laldus the great lawyer died of it: an Augustine îriar, and a woman in 
Delft, that vere "Forrestus' latieats, were miserably consumed xvith if. Tho 

Cap. 9. Art. rned. • De proestig. Doemonum. 1. 3. cap. 21.  0bservat. lib. I 0. de morbts cerebr 
cap. 15. m Hiuuocrates, liD. de insani.  Lib. 8. cap. 22. homines lnterdum lupos fleri ; et crntra. 
 Met. lib. 1. p Cap. de Man. Ulcerat crara, sts pss adest unmodica, palhdt llngua mcca. 
 Cap. 9. m't. Hydrophobie. • Lib. 3. cap. 9. • Lib. 7. de yenenis.  Lib. 3. Cap. 13. de morbi 
acutis.  llcei. Z. • Sckeakiu 7 lib. de Veaeai  Lib. de Hyoeopiwbi. • 0be, rva 
lib. 10. 25. 



90 Dseases of the Mbd. [Part. 1. See I. 

common cure in the country (for sueh af leazt as dwell near the seaside) 
is to duck them over head and ears in sea water; some use eharms : every 
good wife ean preseribe mediciaes. But the best cure to be had in sueh 
cases, is from the most approved physieians; they t.hat will read of them, may 
eonsult with Dieseorides, lib. 6. e. 37, Heurnius» Hildesheim, Capivaeeins, 
Forestus, Sekenkins, and before ail others Codronchuz an Italian, who bath 
lately written two exquisite books on the subjee. 
Chorus sancti Iriti, or S. lr/tus ' danee j the lazeivious dance, "laraeelsus 
ealls it, becauso they thatare taken from if, ean do nothing but danee till 
they be dead or eured If is so eailed, for thatthe parties so troubled wero 
•vont to go to S. Vitns for help, and after they .had daneed the awhile they 
were beertainly freed. 'Tis strange to hear how long they will dance, and in 
what manner, over stools, forms, tables; even great bellied women sometimes 
(and yetnever hurt their ehildren) will danee so long that they.can stir 
neither hand nor foot, but seem to be quite dead. One in red elothe. they 
eannot abide. ]Iusie above all things they love, and therefore magistrates in 
Germany will hire musieians fo play fo them, and ome lusty sturdy coin- 
panions to danee with them. This disease bath been very common in Germany, 
as appears by those relations of Sekenkius, and laraeclsus in his book 
madness, who brags how many several persons he bath cured of if. lelia 
]glaterus de nentis alienat, cap. 3. reports of a woman in Basil whom he saw, 
that donced a whole month together. The Arabians cail if a kind of palsy. 
Bodine in his 5th book de Repub. cap. 1, speaks of this infirmity ; hlonavius 
in his last epkstle fo Scoltizius, and in another Ix) Dudithus where you may 
rend more of it. 
The last kind of madness or melancholy, is that demoniacal (if  may so 
call it) obsession or possession of devils, which ilaterns and others would 
bave to be preternatural : stupend things are said of them, their actions, ges- 
turcs, contortions, fasting, prophesying, speaking lauguages they were never 
taught, &c. ]Iany strange stories are related of them, which because some 
will hot ailow, (for Deaïon and Darrel bave writtea large volumes on this 
subjcct pro and con.) I voluntm'ily omit. 
Fnschius, institut, lib. 3. sec. 1. cap. 11, Felix :Pinter, ®Lanrentius, add 
ho these another fury that proceeds from love, and another from study, another 
divine or religious fiuT; but these more properly belong fo melancholy; of ai1 
hich I will spcak apart, intending to write a whole book of them. 

Swsr.cr. V.Mdawhly b Dis_position, mtro2erllt so caged, ruvocaions. 

IIELANCHOLY, the subject of our present discourse, is either in disposition ox 
habit. In disposition, is thzt transitory melancholy which goes and cornes 
upon every small occasion of sorrow, need, sickness, trouble, fear, grict 
passion, or perturbation of the mind, any manner of care, discontent or 
thought, which canseth anguish, dulness, heaviness and vexation of spirit, any 
ways opposite to pleasure, mirth, joy, delight, causing frowardness in us, or a 
dislike. In which equivocal and improper sense, we call him melancholy that 
is dtdl, sad, sour, lumpish, ill-disposed, solitary, any way moved, or displeased. 
And ff'oto these melancholy dispositions, tno man living is free, no stoic, 
none so wise, none so happy, n,gne so patient, so generous, so godly, so divine 
that can vindicate himself; so well composed, but more or less, some time or 
• rein. el,*m ql?r.m..To. . d.e morbis amentium. Tract.. I.,  Eventu ni plurtmurn rem i ssm coin Oo 
• q no ne securtta.% ce quo cerrum gaudiumt -uocunu ........... : . ez. FART. 3. 
anlmi in.chier. Aug tri Fsal. viii. 5 r nLs rebu smaritucttnem 



[em. 1. Sui)s. 5.] MJ«nchoy in Dposltion. 9I 

other he feels the smart of it. [dancho]y in this sen is the character of 
mortality. « # lIan that la born ofa womarJ, is of short continuance, and full 
of trouble." Zeno, Cato, Socrates himself, whom sElian so highly commends 
for a moderate temper, that "nothing could disturb him, but going out, and 
eoming in, still Socrates kept the same serenity of countenance, what miscry 
soever befel him," (if we may believe Plato Ms disciple) was much tormented 
with it. Q. Metellus, in whom Valerius gives instance of ail happiness, « the 
most fortunate man then living, born in that most flourishing city of Rome, of 
noble parentage, a proper man of person, well qualified, healthful, rich, honour- 
able, a senator, a consul, happy in Ms wife, happy in his children," &c., yet 
this man was not void of melancholy, he had his share of sorrow. ' Po]ycrates 
amius, that flung his ring into the sea, because he would participate of 
discontent with others, and had it miraculously restored to him again shortly 
aïter, by a fish taken as he angled, was hot free from melancholy dispositiona 
:No man can cure himself; the very gods had bitter pangs, and frecluent 
passions, as their own k poets put upon them. In general, "i as the heaven, 
so is out life, sometimes tir, sometimes overcast, tempestuous, and serene ; 
as in a rose, flowers and prickles ; in the year itself, a temperate summer 
sometimes, a hard winter, a drought, and then again pleasant sbowers : so is 
out life intermixed with joys, hopes, fears, sorrows, calumnies :" Invice:n 
cdu$ do¢rr e vou_ptas, there is a succession of pleasure and pain. 

m «ed|o de fonte leporUm, 
Surgir amari aliquid in ipsis floribu angat." 

"Even in the midst of laughing there is sorrow" (as ° Solomon holds) : even 
in the midst of ail our feasting and j ollity, as, ° Austin infers in his Coin. on the 
41st Psalm, there is grief and discontent. Inter dellcias sCruTer allquid scevi 
nos strangulat, for a pint ofhoney thou shalt here likely find a gallon of gall, 
for a drain ofpleasure a pound or pain, for an incb of mirth an cil of moan ; 
as ivy doth an oak, these miseries encompass out lire. _And it is most absurd 
and ridiculous for any mortal man to look for a perpetual tenure of happine 
in this lire. :Nothing so prosperous and pleasant, but it bath  some bitterness 
in it, some complaining, some gru«l,dng/ if is all r,,,fo,, a mixed passion, 
and like a chequev table, black and white men, familles, cities, bave their falls 
and wanes ; now trines, sextiles, then quaoEiles and oppositions. We are hot 
here as those angels, celestial powers and bodies, sun and moon, fo finish out 
course without ail offence with such constancy, to continue for so many ages : 
but subject to infirmities, miseries, intmrupted, tossed aud tumbled up and 
down, carried about with every small blast, offert molested and disquieted 
upon each slender occasion, « uncertain, brittle, and so is all that wc trus 
unto. ': • _h._nd he tha knows no this is hot armed fo endure if, is hot fit to 
lire in this world (as one condoles out rime), he knows hot the condition of it, 
v:here with a reciprocdty, pleasure and pain are still unitd, and succeed one 
another in a ring." çxi J mundo, gct thee gone hence if thou canst no 

* Job I. 14. s Ornnl tempore Soeratem codera vul vlderi, sire domum rediret, sire domo egrederetur. 
t Lib. 7. cap. I. Igatus in florentissima totius orbie civitate, nobllissimis parcntibus, corporie vites habuit et 
fariimas animi dotes, uxorem conspicuam, pudicam, foelic.e liberos, consulare dccus, sequentes triurnphos 
&c. ' 'lian.  lfomer. Iliad. t Lipsius, cent. 3. ep. 45. ut coelum, sic nos horninee surnus : illud ex 
lnterva|lo nubibus obducitur et obscuratur. In roario flores spinis intermixtL Vita eimilis aeri, udum 
mode), eudum, tempestaa, screnitae : ita vices rerum surir, proemia gaudiis, et eequaces curoe, m Lucretius 
1.4. 1124.  Prov. xlv. 13. Extremum gaudti luctus occupat, e Natalitia luquit celebrantur uuptioe 
Iic sunt; af ibi quid cclcbratur quod non dlct, quod non transit   Apulcius 4. florid, lihil quicquid 
lorin| tare properum divinitus datum, quin ci ad|xtuva sit aliquid diflicttltat'is, ut ¢tiam amplissim., 
quaque loetitià, subsit qupiam vel parva querimonia, conjugatione quAdam meIlis et feliis, q Caduca 
vimirum et fragilia, et puerilIbus consentanea crepundlis, sunt ista .q.uoe ri.res et opes humanoe vocantur 
afltuunt subite, repente de|abuntur, nullo in loco, nuila in persova, stablibus mxa radicibns consistunt, sed in. 
certissimo flatufortunoe quos in sublime extulerunt, improvlso recursudestitutos in profundo miseriarum val]o 
niserabil]ter immergun[. Valerlus, lib. 6. cap. 1 I. • Huic seculo parure aptus es, aut potius omnium nostro- 
rum conditioaem ignora quibua reciproco quodsm nexu &c. Lorchsnua GoIlobelgicus Ilb. -% ad annum 1 



9. ° /iffraston OEAatomy. [I'ar. 1. Sec. 1. 

brook if ; there is no way te avoid it, but te arm thyself with patience, with 
magnanimity, te "oppose thyself mto it, te surfer affliction as a gooà soldier 
of Christ ; as «Paul adviseth constantly te bear it. But forasmuch as se few 
can embrace this gooà couusel of his, or use it aright, but lather as se many 
brute beasta give a way te their passion, vohmtary subject and preclpitate 
thcmselvca into a labyrinth of cares, woea, miscries, and sufler their seuls te 
be overcome by them, canner arm themselves with that patience as they 
ought te de, if falleth out, oftentimes that these dispositions become habits, 
and "many affects contemned (as u Seneca notes) make a disease. Even as 
one distillation, net yet grown te custom, makes a cough ; but continual and 
inveterate causeth a consumption of the lungs ;" se de these onr melancholy 
provocations : and according as the humour itself is intended, or remitted in 
men, as their temperature of body, or tional seul la better able te make 
:sistance ; so are they more or less aflecteŒEE For that which is but a flea- 
biting to one, causeh insuffemble torment to another ; and which one by his 
singular lnoderation, and well-composed carriage can happily overcome, a 
second is no whit able te sustain, but upon every small occasion of miscon- 
eeived abuse, injury, grief, disgrace, loss, cross, humour, &c. (if solitary, or 
idle) yields se far te passion, that his complexion is altered, his digestion 
hindeid, his sleep gone, his spiri{s obscured, and his heart henry, his 
hypochondries misaffected ; wind, crudity, on a sudden overtake him, and ho 
himself overcome with melancholy. As it is with a man imprisoned for debt, 
if once in the gaol, every creditor will bring his action against him, and ther, . 
likely hold lim. If any diseontent seize upon a patient, in an instant al1 
other perturbations (for--quâ oeta iota 'tttnt) will set upon him, and thin 
like a lame dog or broken-winged goose he doops and ines away, and is 
brought at last te that ill habit or malady of melancholy itselfi Se tht an 
the philosophers make ffi eight degreea of heat and cold, we may make eighty- 
eight of melancholy, an the parts affected are diversely seized with it, or bave 
been pltmged more or lesa lute this infernal gulph, or waded deeper inte it. 
But al1 these melancholy fits, howsoever laleasing at first, or displeasing, 
violent and tyrannizing over those whom they seize on for the rime ; yet 
these fits I say, or men affected, are but improperly se called, beeause they 
continue net, but corne and go, as by seine objects they are moved. This 
melancholy of which we are te treat, is a habit, oe'bus sontiats, or cronicus, 
a chronic or continuate disease, a settled hument, as r Aureliarms and "othet 
ca]l it, net errant, but ilxed  and as it wa long increasing, se new being 
Aea.qant or l»ainful) grown te an habit it will hardly be lmoved. 

SECT. L IEMB. IL 

SUBS.CT. .--Digresson of Anatom. 

]EFORE I proceed te define the disease of melancholy, what if la, or te 
discourse farther of it, I holà it net impertinent te make a brief digression of 
the anatomy oîthe boày and facu]tiea of the seul, for the better understanding 
of that which la te follow ; because many hard worda will oiîen occur, as 
myrache, hypochondries, cmrods, &c., imagination, v.ason, humours, spirits, 
vital, natural, animal, nervea, veins, arteries, chylus,/)ituita  which by the 

• Horum omnls studla dlrigl debent, rit hnmsns fortiter feramUao  Tire. I1. l. • Epist. 96. llb. I0. 
sflctua frequentea contemptique morbnm faciunt, Distillatio una ee adhuc in morem adaueta, taim 
lacit, assidua et violenta pltbisim, • CsIltlum ad ocre : trigidum ad ocre. Una hirtmcI0 itoa fai$ 
tatem. • Lib. l. c. 6. • Fuschitl 1.3. c. l. ¢,a. . Hilde-aheim» fOL 130. 



Mem. 2. Subs. 2.] D/v//on OEtI EoJy. 93 
mdgar will hot so eily be perceived, what they are, how citcd, and to 
ed tbey serve. And besicles, it may peradventure We ocion to some 
men to examine ore acraly, oeaoeh further to this most exoellent 
subject, and thereupon with that royal  prophet to pmi God, (« for a man 
is feaffuy and wonderfuy ade, and cuously oughç") that bave rime 
and le,cure enough, and are suoEcientlyinfoed  ail other worldlybinesses, 
 to make a good barga, buy and sell, to keep and make choice of a f 
hawk, hound, ho, &c. But for such matte  concern the knowledge of 
themtves, they are wholiy iorant and cless; they know hot what this 
body and soul e, how combined, of what pas and faculti they const, or 
how a man diffe fm a dog. And what OEn be more ignomious and 
filthy (as "Iclancthon well inveighs) «than for a man not to know the stnc- 
ture and compition of his o body, escia]]y since the owledge of 
nds so much to the preservation of his heth, ad information of his man- 
ne '. To stir them up therefore to this study, to peoe those elaborate 
works of bGlen, Bauhin, Plar, lius, Falopi, Launtius, emeHn, 
&c., which have itten copiously in Latin; or that which some of our 
dustrio countrymen have done in out motber tongue, hot long since,  tha 
translation of "Columbus and  icrocmographia, in thirteen books, I bave 
ruade this brief diession. Also buse "Vecker,  Ielancthon, Feeli, 
 Fuschiu and thosc dious Tracts  i: (which bave more com- 
pendioly handled d written of this matter) are hot at all tim ady to 
had, to give them some smal[ tte or not.ice of the rest let this epitome 
8ce. 
Sus. II.Divn OE tl ody, uur», 
OF the parts of the body there may be many divisions : the mos appmv 
is hat of urenius, out of Hippocrates: hich is, to parts contae or 
containg. Contained, are either humou or spits. 
Humrs.] A humour  a liquid or fluent pa of the body, comprehended 
in it, for the preservation of itl and is either innate or born th , or ad- 
ventitious and acqite. The radical or innate,  daily supplied by nourish- 
ment, which some OEll cambium, and make those oecondary humours of ros 
and gluten o martin iç: or acqusite,  maintain thc four firs pdmaçv 
humoum, coming and procoeding ri'oto the firs concoction in he liver, by 
vhich means chylus is exdtded. Some dinde them into profitable and 
crementitioua But Crato out of Hippocratcs wilI have ail fore" to be juice, 
and hot excrements, thout »vhich no living creature can be sned: which 
four, though they be comprehended in the mass of blood, yet they bave their 
œeveral afiëctions, by which they are tinhed ri'oto one another, aud from 
those adveutitious, pect, or deed humoum, as Mdancthou OEIIa them. 
2&od.] Blood is a hot, swee, mperate, red humour, prepared in e 
eserMc valus, and ruade of the most mperate pas of the chylus  the 
liver, whose office is to nouh the whole body, o give i strength and colour» 
being di»persed by he veins through every part of i. And from it spots 
are fit begotten in he heart, wch aerwds by the arerics are com- 
municat to the other pts. 
Pituita, or phlegm,  a coId d mois humour, begotten of the colder pa 
of the chyl (or white juice coming out of the mç disd in the stomach), 
in he verl his office is o nouri and moisten the members of the body, 
which  the tongue are moved, hat they be hot over dry. 

* Pa|. xxx[x. 13. »Dc snims. Turpc enlm est hornlni lgnorsre ul corports (rit ira dicarn) oed[flctum, 
1 eertim cure ad valctudinem et more hoec cognltio plnrimum conducat, e De un part. c History 
tf ma3. d D. Crooke. • In Syataxi. t De Autres. g Iu«tit. lib. t. e Phyeiol. I. 1, 2. 
t Anat. 1.1. c. 18. t Lu blicro, eucco, sine quibu sntmal sutentart non pOtL I Iorboo humoroE 



94 Eimilaz Parts. [Part. 1. Sec. L 

Choler is hot and dry, bitter, begotteu of the botter parts of the chylus, 
and gathered to the gall : it heIps the natural heat and senses, and serres to 
the expelling of excrements. 
[dancholy.] Mdancho]y, cold and dry, thick, black, and sour, begotten 
of the more feculeut part of nourishmeut, and purged from the spleen, is a 
bridle to the other two hot humours, blood and choler, preserving them in 
the blood, and nourishing the bones. These four humour. have some analogy 
-ith the four elements, and to the four ages in man. 
,çru», çwt, Tear».] To these humours you may add serum, which is 
the matter of urine, and those excrcmentitiou humom of thc third concoc- 
tion, sweat and tcars. 
Spirits.] Sldrit is a mo 4 subtile vapour, which is expressed from the blood, 
and the instrument of the soul, to perform all his actions; a common tic or 
medium between the body and the soul, as some will have it; or as  Paracel- 
sus, a fourth soul of itself. ]Ielancthon holds the fountain of thcsc spiits to 
be the heart, begotten there; and afterward conveyed to thc brain, they takc 
another nature to them. Of these spirlts there bc thrcc kinds, according fo 
thc three principal parts, brain, heart, liver; nat.ural, vital, animal. Thc 
natural are begotten in the liver, and thencc dispersed through thc veins, to 
l,crîorm those naturel actions. The vital spirits are ruade in the heart of thc 
natural, which by the arteries are transported to ail thc other parts-" if thc 
spirits cease, then lire ceaseth, as in a syncope or swooning. The animal 
spirits formed of the vital, brought up to the brain, and diffitsed by the 
nerves, to the subordinate members, give sense and motion to them ail. 

SVSSECT. III.--,.çimilar Part». 

Si»tilar Parts.] CONTAINING parts, by ressort of their more solid substance, 
are either homogeneal or heterogeneal, similar or dissimilar; so &ristotle 
divides them, lib. 1, cap. 1, de Hi.st. Aninal. ; Laurentius, cap. 20, lib. 1. 
Similar, or homogeneal, are such as, if they be divided, are still severed into 
parts of the saine nature, as water into water. Of these some be spermatical, 
some fleshy or carnal, °Spermatical are such as are immediately begotteu of 
the seed, which are bones, gristles, ligaments, membranes, nerves, arteries, 
veins, skins, fibres or strings, fat. 
.Bones.] The bones are da T and hard, begotten of the thickest of the seed, 
to strengthen and smtain other paxts: some say there be 304, some 307, or 
313 in man's body. They have no nerves in them, and are therefore without 
ense. 
A gristle is a substance softer than boue, and barder than the rcst, flexible, 
and serres to maintain the parts of motion. 
Ligaments are they that rie the bones together, and other parts to the 
bones, with their subserving tendons: membranes' office is to cover the test. 
lerves, or sinews, are membmnes without, and ftfll of marrow within ; they 
proceed from the brain, and cam the animal spirits for sense and motion. Of 
these some be barder, some softer ; the softer serve the senses, and there be 
seven pair of them. The first be the optic nerves, by vhich we see; the 
second more the eyes; the third pair see ibr the tongue to faste; the fourth 
pair fi)r the taste inthe palate; the fifth belong to the ears; the sixth pair is 
most ample, and runs almost over all the bowels; the seventh pair moves the 
tongue. The barder sinews serve for the motion of the inner parts, proceed- 
ing from the marrow in the back, of whom thcre be thirty combinations, 
seven of tbe neck, twelve of the breast, &c. 
m Spiritalia anima.  Laurentius, cap. 20. lib. 1. Auat. 



A'tes.] Arteries are long sud hollow, vith a double sk[n fo convey the 
vital spirit; to discern which the better, theyy that Vali the anatot 
was wont to cut up man alive.  They ari in the left side of the heart, and 
ara principally two, from which the rest ara derived, aorta and venos: aorta 
is the foot of 1 the othcr, which serve the whole body; the other goes to 
the hmgs, fo fctch air fo rcfrigerate the hea 
dns.] Veins are hollow and roun like pipes, aing from the liver, 
caing blood ad natural spirits; tlmy feed aH the prts. Of the there 
be two chieÇ ena porta and Fe cava, from which the rest are corrivated. 
That e ta is a velu coming from the concave of the liver, and reoeiv- 
iv tho meraioE1 veins, by whom ha tkes the chyls from the stomach 
and lt and conveys it to the liver. The other derives blood m the ver 
fo nourh all the other dispeed members. The branches of thoEt Fe porta 
ara the meraicl and hœemorrhoides. The branches of the C'avoE ure inward 
or outward. Inward, semiuI or emulgeut. Outward, ia the hand, arms, 
feet, &c., and bave veml name 
Frw, , h.] Fibroe al stHngs, white d solid, disrsed through 
the whole memr, a,d right, oblique, transvcr, all which hve their several 
uses. Fat is a silar part, moist, without blood, composvd of the mot 
thick a,d unctuo matter of the blood. The Psn covers the rest, and 
huth Culum, or a little kin der it. Flash  so and ruddy, compod 
of the conMing of bood, &c. 
Sv. IV.Dmr Parts. 
DmsR pas are those which we call organical, or instmentaÇ and 
they be ward or outwar& The chiefest outward parts are situa foa 
or backward :--iorwa, the crown and foretop of the h, skull, face, fom- 
hd, temples, chin, eyes, ear¢ nose, &c., nk, bre choet, upr and lower 
pa of the belly, hypochondries, naveÇ groin, flank, &c.; backward, the 
hinder pm of the hea back, shoulders, sides, lo, hipbones, os sru,, but- 
toeks, &a Or joints, arms, hand, feet, legs, tMghs, kne, &a Or common 
to bot which, bause they ara obous and welI known, I bave oerelely 
reted,  oecia  graa taùm; qd ruum  1oEr  
ani ui , i. 
ward organioel parts, which canuot be een, are dive in number, and 
hu sevel names, tctions, and clissions; but tht of qLaurenti  most 
notable, to noble or igaoble pa Of the noble them be thr pncipal 
pas, fo which all the rt belong, and whom they serve--braia, hg, ver; 
accorng to whose site, tee regio, or a throeiold diion, is me of the 
whole body.  fit of the hd, in which the animal organs ara contmd, 
and bra itoel, which by s narres We nse and motion to the sg, and  
 it were, a pfi cooellor and chanoefior to the hearg. The ond region 
 the ¢ht, or ddle belly, in which the hea m king keeps h coin% and 
by  ri communioE ie to the whole dy. The thd region is the 
lower bey, in which the ver resid m a L à t«, with the rest of tho 
tl organ serg for coacocgion, nom-ishment, exlmag of excmmen 
Thi lower region  distinsh m the upr bythe midi, or diaphmgm 
and is b¢5vided again by ome go thr concavitie or regions, upper, 
middl and lower. The upr ofthe hychondfie in wh right side  the 
liver, the left the sploen; from wch is denomated hochondl mel- 
choly. The eecond of the naval and fl vid m the fit by the ri 



96 An¢,.tom v of rb, Bodj. [Parg. 1. $oct. 1. 

The lasg of ghe water course, which is agaln subdivided ingo three ogher part 
The Arabiaus make two parts of this region. Epijastrum and Hypoçstrimr, 
upper or ]ooeer. Eprariura theycall Mirach, from whence cornes 
Mdanchoia, sometimes mentioned of them. Oï these severM regions I wili 
treat in brief apart; and first of the third region, in which the naturel orgaus 
are contained. 
De A»dmâ.--The I, ower Rerfion, 2Vatural Organs.] Bu you that aro 
readers iat the meantime, « Suppose you were now brought into some sacred 
temple, or majestical palace (as 'SIelancthon saith), to behold hot the mattcr 
only, but the singular art, workmanship, and counsel of this out great Creator. 
And it is a pleasant and profitable speculation, if it be considered aright." 
Thc parts of tlfis region, which present themselves to your consideration ami 
view, are such as serve to nutrition or generation. Those of nutrition serve to 
the first or second concoction; as the oesophagus or gullet, which brings ment 
a,vl drink into the sto,aach. The ventricle or stomach, which is seated in tho 
midst of that part of the belly beneath the midriff, the kitchen, as if were, of 
the first concocion, and which turns our ment ino chylus. It bath two mouth._q, 
one above, another beneath. The upper is sometimes taken for the stomach 
itself; the lower and ncther door (as Wecker calls it) is named Pylorus. This 
stomach is sustained by a large kell or kmull, called omentum; oehich 
some will bave the saine with peritoneum, or rira of the belly. From the 
stomach to the very fimdament are produced the gars, or intestins, which serve 
a little to alter and distribute the chylus, and convey aoeay the excrements. 
They are divided into small and great, by reason of their site and substance, 
slender or thicker : the slender is duodcnum, or oehole gut, which is next to 
the stomach, some toeelve inches long, saith t Fuschius. Jejunum, or empty 
gut, continuate to the other, which bath many meseraic veins annexed to it, 
which take part ot the cbylus to the liver f,-om it. Ilion the third, which 
consiss of many crinkles, which serves with the rest to receive, keep, and 
distribute the chylus from the stomach Thethick ts are three, the blind 
gut, colon, and right gut. The blind is a thick and short gut, having ono 
mouth, in which the ilion and colon meet: it receives the excrements, and 
o,nveys them to the colon. This colon bath many windin, that the excre- 
ments pass hot away too tkst: the right gut is strait, and conveys the exoE'e- 
ments to the fundament, whose lower part is bound p with certain muscles 
callcd sphincters, that the excrements may be the better contained, until such 
time as a man be willing to go to the stooL In the midst of these guts is 
situated the mesenterium or midriff, composed of many veins, arteries, raid 
:nuch f,t, serving chiefly to sustain the gt, t All tbese parts serve the first 
concoction. To the second, which is busied either in refining the good nourish- 
nient or expelling the bad, is chiefly belonging the liver, like in colour to con- 
gealel blood, the shop of blood, situate in the right hypercondiT, in figure like 
to a half-moonGe,erosun membrure hIelancthon styles it, a geuerous part; 
i serres to tura the chylus to blood, forthe nourishraent of the body. Tho 
excrements of it are either choleric or watery, which the other subordinate 
parts convey. The gall placed in the concav of the liver, extracts choler to 
it: the spleen, melancholy; which is situate on the left side, over against the 
liver, a spongy marrer that draws this black choler to if by a secret virtue, 
and feeds upon it, conveying the test fo the bottom of the stomach, to stir up 
appetite, or else to the guts as an excrement. That watery marrer tbe two 
kidneys expurgate by those emulgent veins and ureters. The emulgent draw 
this superfluous moisture from the blood; the two ureters convey it to the 

• Vo« veto velut| lu templum a¢ crarnm quodd&m vos daci putetla, &e. Suivis et tili, ¢oaltlo. 
SLib. l. cap. 12. ect.. 



bl:tdder, which by ressort of his site in the lower belly, is apt fo reeeive it, 
hvin.g two parts, neck and bottom: the bottom holds the water, the neck is 
coastringed with a muscle, which, as  porter, keeps the water from running 
out aginst out will. 
l[embers of generation are commoa to both sexes, or peculiar to nue; whijb, 
because they are impert.inent to my purpose, I do voluntarily omit. 
[iJd& Reglon.] Next in order is the middle region, or chest, which comi 
prehends tho vital faculties and parts; which (:s I haro said) is separated 
ft'om the lower belly by the dinpht'agm or midriff, which is a skin consisting 
of many nerves, membranes; and amongst other uses it bath, is the instru- 
ment of laghing. Thero is also a certain thin membrane, full of sinews, 
which covereth tho whole chest within, and is called pleure, the sent of the 
disease called pleurisy, when it is inflamed; some add a third skin, which 
termed Mediastinus, which divides the chest into two paxt, right and left; of 
tbis region the principal part i. the heart, which is the sent and fountain of 
life, of best, of spirits, of pulse and respirationthe sun of our body, the king 
and sole comnander of itthe sent and organ of ail passions and affections. 
l'finura riveras, ulimura mgriens, if lices first, and dies lest in ail ,restaures. 
Of a pyrami,licl form, and hot much utflike to a pine-apple; a part worthy of 
°a,tmh'ation, that ,an yield such variety of affections, by whose motion it 
dilated or contracted, to stir and comm.nd the humours in the body. As 
svrrow, melancholy; in atger, choler; in joy, to send the bloo.1 outwardly; 
sorrow, to ,ail it in ; moving the humours, as horses do a chariot This heart, 
th,mgh it be nue sole member, yet it m'ty be d i vided into two creeks right and le 
The right is like the mooa iacreasiug, bigger than the other part, and re,cires 
blol from F'ena cav: distributing s,»me of if to the lung. to nourish them; tho 
rest to the lef side, to engender spit'its. The lcft ,teck bath the for'm of a 
toue, and is the set of lire, which, as a torch doth oil, draws blond unto it, 
begetting of it spirits and fii'e; and s tire in u torch, so are spit-its in the 
blond; nd by that grcat arte T called aorta, ig seds vital spirits over thv 
boly, and takes air from the luugs by that artcry which is cilled venosa ; so 
thaç both creeks hve their vessels, the right two ceins, the left two urteries, 
besides those two common anfractuous ears, vhich serve them both; the nue 
to hold blond, the other uit, -r several user. The hmgs is a rhin spongy 
|ike an ox hoof (saith "Feruelits), the town-clerk or crier (loue terms it), the 
instrament of vol,e, as an orator fo a king; nnexed to the heart, to express 
their thoughts by vol,e. That it is the instrument of vol,e, is manifest, 
that no creatm'e eau speak, or utter any vt»ice, which wanteth these lights. 
is besides the instrument of respiration, or breuthing; and ifs office is to cool 
the heart, by sending air unto it, by the venosal artery, which rein cornes 
the lungs by that asloera arSera, which consists of many g4stles, membmnes, 
nerves, taking in air ai the anse and mouth, and by it likewise exhales the 
fumes of the heart. 
In the upper region serving the animal faculties, the chlef organ is the brain, 
which is a sort, marrowish, awl white substance, engenclered of the purest 
[art of seed and spirits, included by many skins, -nd seated within the skuil 
r br.xin pan; and it is the most noble organ under hcaven, the dwelling- 
]rosse and sent of the soul, the habitation of wisdom, memory, jdgment, 
rcon, uud in which man is most like u_to God; and therefor¢ nuture hath 
covered it with a skull of hard bone, and two skins or membranes, whereofthe 
nue is called dura mater, or meninx, thc other Tia mt«r. The dure, mater is 

• r[c res est preelpuè di¢-s sdmiratione, qstod tsnt s/cctnm vvta:e e]etur cor, quod otaries rot 
trist et l.e;e sttim c,»rd fc'innt e m,»vent. * Yhy8Jo. 1. J ¢ . • Ut tor rgi : sic pulmo voci$ 
[ttst. ut¢tu naecticu; cor c. Hclancth. 
H 



08 AmLomy oje te Sou[. ['Part. 1. Sec. 

next te the sku|l, aove the other, which includes and protects the brain. 
Vhcn this is taken away, tbe pin mater is te be seen, a rhin membrane, the 
ncxt and immediate cover of the brain, and net covering only, but entcring 
into it. The brain itself is divided into two parts, the fore and hinder part ; 
the fore par is much bigger than the other, which is called the ]itt]e brain ix 
respect of it. This fore par bath many concavities distinfished by certain 
ventricles., which are the receptacles of the spirits, brought hither by the aPte- 
ries frein the ]er, and are there refined te a more heavenly nattu, te perform 
the actions of the sotd Of these ventric]ea there are three--right, ]eft, and 
raiddle. The right and left answer te their sight, and beget animal spirits; if 
they be any way hure, sen and motion ceaseth. These ventricles, moreover, 
are held te be the sent of the common sense. The middle ventricle is a cern- 
mon concourse and concavity of them both, and hath two passages--the one te 
receive pituita, and the other extends itself te the fourth creek ; in this they 
place imagination and cogitation, and se the three ventricles of the fore par of 
the brain are used. The fourth creek behiud the head in common te the 
cercbel or little brin, ad raarrow of the back-bone, the lest and most solid of 
all the test, which receives the animal spirits frein tbe other ventricles, and 
conveys them te the marrow in the lack, and is the place where they say tho 
memory is seated. 

SUSECT. V.Of tlte Seul and ]er Fv.cv2tl¢s. 

ACCORDINO te "Aristotle, the seul is defined te be ',œ,xr,,, erfecto ef 
actus primus corloris organici, vRam ]abentis in pot«ntia : the perfection or 
first act of an organical body, having power of lifc, which most "philoaophers 
approve. But many doubts arise about the essence, subject, sent, distinction, 
and subordinate £tculties of if. For the essence and particular knowledge, of 
all other things if is most hard (be if of man or beast) te discern, as "Aristotle 
himself, bTully, °Picus lIirandula, Tolet, and other lgcoteric philosophers 
confess :°" We can undemtand all things by her, but what she is we cannot 
apprehend." Seine therefore make one seul, divided into three principal 
taculties; others, three distinct seuls. Which question of late hath been much 
controverted by Picolomineus and Zaharel. «laracelsus wfll bave four seuls, 
adding te thc three grand faculties a spirituel seul : which opinion of his, Cam- 
panella, in his book de senu erum,* much labours te dcmonstrate and prove, 
because carcasses bleed et tlm sight of the murderer; with many such argu- 
ments: And Ssome again, one seul of all creatures whatsoever, differing only 
in organs; and that beasts bave reason as well as men, though, for seine 
deict of organs, net in such measure. Others make a doubt whether if be al] 
in ail, and ail in every pa; which is amply discussed in Zabarel amongst the 
rest. The common division of the seul is into three principal facu|ties 
vegetal, scnsitive, and rational, which make three distinct kinds of living 
creatures--vegetal plants, sensible beasts, rational men. How these thrco 
principal faculties are distinguished and connected, Humano ingenio inaccessur, 
-idetur, is beyond human capacity, as ITaurellus, Philip, Flavius, and others 
suppose. The inferior may be alone, but the superior canner subsist without 
the other; se sensible includcs vcgetal, rational both ; which are contained in 
if (sMth Aristotle) ul trlgon in tetragono, as a triangle in a quadrangle. 

• De anim. c. L • Scallg. extrc.  7. Te|ct. |n |ib. de anime, cap. 1. &c. • 1. De anime, cap. |. 
b Tuscul. quoest. « Lib. 6. Doct. Va. Gentil. c. 13. pg. 1216.  Aristot. « Anirn quoeque iatelLl. 
gimua, et tamen qnæ sit ipsa inteUigere non valemuS. Spiritualem animan a rcliquis distinctam tnetur 
etiam lu cadavere inhœerenteca post mortem per aliquot menses. * Lib. 3. cap. 31. • Ccaliu lib. 2. e. 31. 
Plutarch. in Grille Lips. Con. 1. ep. 60. Jossius de Risu et Fletu, Averroe.% Carnpanella, &c.  Phihp. 
de Anims. ca. 1. CoelitL$ 20. antiq, cap. , 'lutarch, de placit. hilos i SDe vit. et mort. part. 2. c. . 
lrov. 1. de vit, et mort. 2. e. 2 q -- 



Veged Sou/.] Vegetal, th¢ first of th¢ thrc¢ distinct faculties, is defirmd 
tobe "a substantial act of an organical body, by which if is nourished, aug- 
mented, and begets another like unto itself." In which definition, three several 
vperations are »pecified--altrix, auctrix, procreatrix; the first is k nutrition, 
,s'hoe object is nourishment, meat, drink, and the like; his organ the liver 
in ensib]e creatures; in plants, the foot or sap. His office is to turn the 
liutriment into the substance of the body nourished, which he performs by 
natral best. This nutritive opcration bath four other subordinate functions 
or powers belonging fo it--attraction, retention, digestion, expulsion. 
A$iraction.] Attraction is a ministering faculty, ,vhich, as a loadstone 
doth iron, draws ment into the stomach, or as a lamp doth oil; and this 
attractive power is very necessary in plants,, which suck up moisture by the 
foot, as another mouth, into the sap, as a like stomach. 
Yletenton.] Retention keeps it, being attracted into the stomach, until 
such rime it be concocted$ for ifit shouh! pass away straight, the body could 
n,»t be nourished. 
Digestion.] Digestion is performed by natural heat; for as the flame of a 
torch consumes oil, wax, tallov, so doth it alter and digest the nutritive mat- 
ter. Indigestion is opposite uato it, for want of natural best. Of thi di- 
gestion there be three difftnces--maturation, elixaton, assatiou. 
l[«turation.] haturation is especially observed in the fruits of trees; which 
are then said tobe ripe, when the seeds are fit tobe sown agai. Crudity is 
Ol»pod toit, which gluttons, epicures, and idle persons at most mtbject 
unto, that use no exercice to stir narre'al boat, or elsc choke it, as too much 
vo»d purs out a tire. 
Elixation.] Elixation is the seething of meat in the stomach, by the raid 
natural heat, as ment is boiled in a pot; to which corruption or putrefactioa 
i opposite. 
Assa$ion.] Assation is a concoction of the inward moisture by heat his 
opposite is a semiustulation. 
Order of Cancoction four-fld.] Besicles these three several operations of 
al;gestion, there is a four-fold order of eoncoction :mastication, or chewing 
inthe mouth; chilification ofthis so chewed ment in the stomach; the thit-d 
is in the liver, fo turn this chylus into blood, called sanguiiication; the last 
is assimulatiou, which la in every part. 
En.] Expulsion is a power of nutrition, by which it expels all 
superfluous excrements, and reliques of meat and drink, by the guts, bladder, 
pores; as by purging, vomiting, spitting, sweating urine, hairs, nails, &c 
A«jmentation.] As this nutritive fculty serres to nou4sh th¢ body, so 
tloth the augmenting faculty (the second operation or power ot the vegeta| 
faculty) to the icreasing of it in quantity, according to ail dimensions, long, 
broad, thick, and to make it grow till it corne to his due proportion and per- 
fect uhape  which hath his period of augmentation, as of consumption  and 
that most certain, as the poet observes : 
«Stat sua euique die$, breve et irreparabile tempu3 [ 'CA terre of life ls set fo every man, 
0mnibu e vit." Which i. bu short and pa. R uo one can." 
Generation.] The last of these vegetal faculties is generation, which begets 
another by means of seed, like unto itself, to the perpetual preservation of the 
siècles. To this faculty they ascribe three subordinate operations :--the tiret 
to tma nourishment into eed, &.. 
Lire and l)eath concomitans of ttw Vetal Faculties.] lqecessary concomi- 
tants or affections ofthis vegetal faculty are lire and his privation, death. To 

• l'utr]tio et alimcnti trasmutatio, viro naturlis. SeaU. exerc. 101. ec. 17.  See more of Attraction 
la cl exer. . 



I00 Anatomy o./'/.,oe .çsu [Pa. 1. ,Sec. I. 

the prvservatio of llfe the natural heat is most requisite, though siccity ad 
humidity, and those first qualities, be hot excluded. Thisheat is likewise in 
plants, as appears by their increasing, fructifying, &c., though hot so easily 
prceiveoE In ail bodies if must bave radical moisture topreserve it, that if 
be not consumed; fo which preservation our clime, country, tempemture, and 
the good or bad use of those six non-natural things avail much. For as this 
nttural heat and moisture decayg so doth out lire itself; and if hot prevented 
belote by some violent accident, or interrupted through out o¢n default, is in 
the end dried up by old age, and extinguished by death for want of matter, 
as a lamp for defect of off to maintain it. 

Suzcr. "V'I.O./t t siSl Soul. 
IEXT in ortier is he sensible faculy, which is  ar beond the other in 
dignity  a beasç is pferred fo a plan, having those vegal powe included 
ia i. 'Tis defined an "kc or an organical body by which 
al,peita, judgment, breah, and motion." Hh objec in generM is a sensible 
or paible quality, because the oenoe is affecd wih i. The generM orga 
is the brain, fim which principally the oensible opetiom are derived. Thh 
nsible soul is divided into wo prts, apphending or moving. By the ap- 
l,oehensive power we perceive he species of oeible çngs present, or 
and oein them as wax doth the l»'int of a seM. By the moving, the body is 
outwally carried from one ple to anotber; or inwardly moved by spirtts ahd 
pdse. The apprehensis £culty is subdivided iuto two parts, wa or out- 
ward. OttwaroE as the rive nseg of touching, heag, seei»g, smelling, 
t.tsting, to which you may add Scaliger's xth 
or that of speech, which is the sth exteraal senoe, acoerding to Llius. 
]nwar, l are thteommon sen, phanty, memory. Thosê rive outwar, l 
scns bave their object in outward things oaly and such m are poesent, as tho 
eye sees no colour except it be at hand, the ear sound. Three of theoe sens 
are of commodity, heafing, sight, and smvll; two of neceity, touch, mtd 
tate, without which we OEnnot lire. Besid, the sensitive power  tive 
or psive. Active in sight, the eye se the colour; passive when itis hurt 
by his object, g the eyv by the sun-beams. Aoeording  that axiom, Vb 
/Sre truit sozsum.  Or if the object be hot pleng, m a bad sourd to tho 
ear, a stinking smell  the nose, &c. 
ight.] Of theoe rive sexes, sight is held fo be most pcio, and the best, 
and that by remqon of his object, it es the whole body at onoe. By it we 
learn, and dhcern ail things, a oense most exoellent for use: to the sight three 
thin are required; the object, the organ, and the medium. The object la 
genet'al is vhib]e, or that which  tobe oeen, as colourg and all shining bodies. 
The medium  the illumination of the air, wlfich cornes from "ight, commonly 
c.tlled dial»hanum; tbr in dark we cannot e. The orn is the eye, and 
t-hicfly the apple of it, which by thooe optic nerves, concmang both in one, 
conveys the sight to the common nse. Between the organ and object a truc 
distance  required, that if be hot too noEr, no» too far off. iany exoellent 
questions appertain to this sense, dhcussed by philop]m:  wheher this 
s;ght be caïd intra moe, vd tra ,toe, &c., by receiag  the 
visible sci, or sending of them out, whŒEch « Plato, »Plutarcl h aMacrobius, 
*oEtaati, and others dispute. And bides it is the subject of the perspec- 
tives, of which Alhan the Arabian, ViBio, Roger Bacon, Btpth orta, 
G&dus UbMd, Aquiloni, &a, bave written whole volumes. 
t Vita conslstit in lldo et humido. 
aetas pcrscui Lumen h 
a De pract. Philoe. 4. • Lac. p. 8. de opif. Dci, l. 



IIearng.] Itear]ng, a most excellent outward sense, "by which we |earn 
and get knowledge." His object is sound, or that which is heard ; the medium, 
air; orgn tho car. To the sound, which is  collision of tho ail; three things 
a reqaircd ; a body fo striko, as the hand of a musiciaŒE ; the body stck, 
• vhich must be solid ad able toresist; asa bell, lute-string, hot vool, or sponge; 
the medium, the air; which is iŒEward, or outward ; the outward being struck 
or collided by u solid body, still stïikes the next air, until if corne to that 
inward naturM air, which as an exqisite organ is contained in a l]ttle skin 
formed liko a drum-hed, and struck upon by certain small instruments liko 
drum-sticks, coaveys the sound by a pair of nerves, appropriated to that use, 
to tlm common sense, as to a judge of sounds. There is great variety and 
much delight in them; for the knowledge of which, consult with Boethiu. 
and other musiciaus. 
mellb.] Smelllng is an "outward sense, which apprehends by tho 
noswiL drawing in air ;" and of ail the test itis the wekest sense in mem 
Tho organe in the nose, or tvo small hollow pieces of ilesh a little aboie it : 
the medium the air fo men, as water to fish : the object, smell, arising from a 
mixed body resolved, which, whether it bea qmlity, fume, vapour, or exhalation, 
I will hot now dispute, or of their dittrences, and how tbey are causcd. This 
sense is an orgau of health, as sight and hcarlng, saith °Agelliu.% are of disci- 
pline; and that by avoidhJg bad smells, as by choosing good, which do as 
m,mh airer ad aflct the body may rimes, as diet itselt: 
aste.] Taste, a necessary scnse, "which perceivs all savows by th 
tongue and palate, and that by nea,sof a rhin spittle, or watery juice." IIis 
organ is tire tongue with his tasting nres; the medium, a watry juice; tho 
object, taste, or savour, which is a cluality in the juice, arising from the mix- 
ture of things tasted. Some make eight species or kinds of savour, bittcr, 
sweet, sharp, sait, &e., ail which siek men (as in an ague) cannot discern, by 
reasou of their ot'gans misaffected. 
'ouchig.] Touch, the last of the senses, an ] most iaoble, yet of as great 
necessity as the other, and of as much pleasure. This sense is exquisite in 
nen, and by his nerves dipersed ail over the body, perceives any tactile qmlity. 
ttis organ the nerves; his ob.iect those first qualities, hog, dry, mo£st, cold; 
and those that follow them, hard, soft, thick, thin, &« Many delightsomo 
questions are moved by philasophers about these iive sensesi their organa 
objecta mediums» which lbr brevity I omit. 

SUBSCT. VII.--0ft£ Inward Senses. 

Common Se.] INER senses are three in number, so called, ]ecause they 
be within the brain-pan, as common senoe, phantasy, memo T. Their objects 
are rot on|y thin,s present, but they perceive the sensible species of things 
corne, past, absent, such as were before in the sense. This common sense 
the judge or moderator of the rest, by vhom we discern all differences of 
objects; for by mine eye I do hot knov that I see, or by mine ear that I hear, 
but by my common sense, who judgeth of sounds and colours: they are but th 
organs to bring the species to be censured; so that all their objects are his, 
and all their offices are his. The forepart of the brain is h]s organ or seat. 
Plwrntasy.] Phantasy, or imagination, which some cal] estimative, or 
cogiative (confirmed. saith Fernelius, by frequent meditation), is an inner 
• ense which doth more fully examine the species perceived by common sense, 
of things present or absent, and keeps them longer, recallhg them to mind 
again, or malrJng new of his own. In rime of sleel ttds fculty is free» and 

oLib. 19. cap. 2. tl>hls. I. 5. ¢. 8. 



102 Anatorny «ft],e S,t:/. [Part. 1. Sec. 1. 
rnany tlmes eoneeives strange, stxlpeud, absurd shapes, as in sick mon we eom- 
mouly observe. ]:[is organ is the middle oeil of the brain; his objeets ail the 
«peeies eommuniea¢ed to him by ¢he eommon sense, by eomparison of which ho 
figns infinite other unto himself. In melaneholy mon thL faeulty is most 
powerful and strong, and ofteu hurts, producing mauy monstrous and prodi- 
gious things, espeeially if it be stirred up by some terrible objeet, preseuted 
fo it from eommou sense or memory. In poets and paiuters imauation forci- 
bly worE, as appears by their several fietions, anties, images: as Ovid' home 
of sleep, Psyehe's palaee in Apuleius, &e. In mon it is subjeet and governed 
by reason, or at least should be; but in btaxtes it bath no superior, and is 
'atio brutorum, ail ¢he reason they bave. 
21[emord. ] ]Iemory lays up ail tho speeies which ¢he seuses bave brought 
in, and records them as a good register, thag they naay be fortheonaing when 
they are ealled for by phantasy and reason. IIis objeet i8 the saine with 
i,hantasy, his seat and organ the back part of the brain. 
Affections of the Senses, sloop and waUng.] The affections of these seuses 
are sleep and waking, eommon to ail sensible ereaturez. "Sloop is a test 
binding of the outward sense, and of the eommon sense, for the preservation 
of body and sod" (as "Scaliger defines it)j for when the eommon sense 
resteth, the outward senses test also. The phantasy alone is free, and 
e«»mmander reason : as appears by those imagiuary dreams, which are of divers 
kinds, natural, divine, demouiaeai, &e., whieh vary aecording to humours, diet, 
etions, objeets, &e, of whieh Artemidorus, Cardanus, and Sambueus, with 
their everal interpretators, bave written greaç volumes. This ligation of 
senses proeeeds tom an inhibition of spirits, the way being stopped by whieh 
they shoul,! corne; this sopping is eaused of vapours arising out of the 
stomach, filling the nerves, by whieh the spirits should be eonveyed. When 
these vapours are spent, the passage is open, and the spirits perform their 
accttstomed duties: so that "wakiug is the action and moLiott oî the 
hich the spirits àiperscd over ail parts cause." 
Svsrcr. VIII.--Of th, Movîny 
Alrpet;e. ] TIIm moving faculty is the other power of the sensitive soul, 
which eauseth all those inward and outward animal motions in the body. If 
divided iuto two faeulties, the power of appetite, and of moving from place to 
place. This of aploetite is threefold, so some will bave it; natural, as if signi- 
fies auv such inclination, as of a sçone fo fall downward, and sueh actions as 
rctenton, expulsion, whieh depend hot ou seuse, but are vegetal, as the appetito 
of meat and drink; hunger and ghirsç. Sensitive is eommon to mon and brutes. 
Voluntary, the third, or intelleetive, which eommands the other two in mon, 
and is a eurb unto them, or at least should be, but for the mos pa is 
vated and overruled by them; and mou are led like bests by sense, giving 
teins to their eoneupiseence and several lusts. For by this appeite the soul 
led or inehned to follow that good whieh the sensea shall approve, or avoid tha 
which they hold evil : hiz objeet being good or evil, he one ho embraeeth, the 
ot.her ho rejeeteth; aeeording to that aphorizm, Omnia attoetunt bonum, ail 
things seek their own good, or at least seeming good. This power iz inso- 
parable from seuse, for where sense is, there are likewise pleasure and IxtiJl. 
Itis organ is the saine with the eommou sense, and is divided into two powem, 
or inelinatAons, eoncupisciblo or irascible: or (as *one translates it) coveting, 
anger invading, or impugning. Concupiscible covets always pleant and 
delightsome things, and abhor that whlch is diztasteftd, harsh, and unpleasat. 
• £xercit. 280. * . W. Jeuite in hin laion of the 



Mem. 2. Subs. 9.] Anatomy OEth'. Seul. 103 

Irascible, r quas aversans per iram e odium, as avoiding if with anger and 
indignation. Ail affections and perturbations arise out of these two foun- 
tains, which, althouh the Stoics make light of, we hold naturel, and net te be 
resisted. ïhe good affections are caused by seine object of the aame nature 
and if preseat, they procure joy, which dilates the hearç, and preserves the 
body: if absent, they cause hope, love, desire, and concupiscence. The bad 
are simple or mixed: simple fur seine bad object preseut, as sorrow, which 
contracts the heart, macerates the seul, subvcrts the good estate of the body,. 
hindering ail the operations of iç, causing melancholy, and many rimes death 
itsdf$ or future, as four. Out of these two arise those mixed affections and 
passions of anger, which is a desire of rcvenge; hatred, which is inveterato 
anger zeal, which is offcnded with him who hurts that he loves; and 
i«,«,e«*««, a compound affection of joy and hure, when we rejoice af other 
men's mischief, and are grieved af their prosperity; pride, self-love, emulation, 
er, vy, shame, &c., of which elsewhere. 
Movigfrom llace te place, is a faculty necessarily following the other. For 
îa vain were it otherwise te desire and te abhor, if we hd net likewise po,ver 
te prosecute or eschev, by moving the body frein place te place: by this 
£tculty thercfore we locally more the body, or any part of it, and go frein one 
place te another. Te the better performance of which, three things are requi- 
site: that which moves; by what iç moves; that which is moved. That 
which moves, is either the efficient cause, or end. The end is the ol,ject, 
which is desired or eschewed; as in a dog te catch a hure, &c. The efficient 
cause in man is reason, or his subordinate phantasy, which apprehends good 
or bad objects: in brutes ima-dnation alone, which moves the appetite, the 
appetite this faculty, ,vhich, by an admirable league of nature, and by me- 
diation of the spirit, commands the organ by vhich it moves i and that consista 
of nerves, muscles, cords, dispersed through the whole body, contracted and 
relaxed as the spirits will, which more the muscles, or " nerves in the midst 
of them, and draw the cord, and se per consexluens , the joint, te the place 
intended. That which is moved, is the body or seine member apt te more, 
The motion of the body is divers, as going, running, leaping, dancing, sitting, 
and such like, refewed te the predicament of sltus. Vorms creep, birds 
fishes swim ; and se of parts, the chief of which is respiration or breathing, 
and is thus pcrformed. Tho outward air is drawn in by the vocal artery, 
and set by mediation of the midriff te the lungs, which, dilating themselves 
as a pair of bellows, reciprocally fetch it in, and send it out te the heurt 
cool it; and frein thence new being hot, eonvey it again, still taking in fresh- 
Such a like motion is that of the putse» of which, be¢auso many have writtea 
'hole books, I will say nothing. 

SçSECr. IX.--O/th« atoa/ 

I the precedent subsections I bave anatomized those infrior faculties of 
the seul; the rational remaineth, "a pleasant but a doubtful subject" (as 
• one terres if), and with the like brevity te be discussed. Many erroneoua 
opinions ara about the essence and original of if; whether if be tire, as Zeno 
held; harmony, as Aristoxenus; number, as Xenocrates; whether it be orgaui- 
cal, or inorganical ; seated in the brain, heart or blood; mortal or immortal ; 
how it cornes into the body. ome hold that it is e traduce, as Phil. 1. d« 
Anima, 2'ertullia«, Lactantius de oloiftc. 1)e, cap. 19. Hugo, lib. de Sl)rit 
et Anima» Vincenti-us Bellavlc. slev, natural, lib. 23. ealo. 2. et 11. J:t_ippo- 

• Ve]cur]o. • lervi  Slirita moventur» SlIritua ab anim, Melnct. 

• g¢Icutio. Jucunlum et 



lO ,momy of /oE ,.%«L r«t. 1. Sec. 1. 
crates, A.vicenna, and mny ]ate wrlte; that one man gets another, 
body and soul ; or as a OEdIe ri-oto a OEndle, to be produced m the seed : 
otherwi, say they. a man begets but half a man, and  worse than a best 
that begets both mattcr and form ; d besides the thoee faculties of the soul 
naust be together infused, which is most absurd  they hold, beuse in beast 
they are begot, the two inferior I mean, and may hot be well separated in 
men.  Galen supposeth the so an se, tobe the empemture itself ; 
Trismestus, Musoeus, Orl,he, Homer, Pindam, Phoeri,les Syrus, Epic- 
refus, with the Chaldees and gyptians, affirmed the mul tobe immortal, 
 did tho Brith * Dids of old. The  Pythagor defend hIet.empsy- 
chais; and Palingenes, tha¢ souls go from one body to another, epotdius 
Zet undd,  men  wolves, bears, dogs, hogs,  they were ineed 
the hves, or participated  conditions. 
ci  inque fen 
Foum ire domu pecudque  coor cou,  
• Lucn's coek w r.t Ephorb a capti : 
• ' Ille cgo (nain memlnl) Tro]ant teindre 
Panthoid Euphorb eram." 
A or.e, a an, a sponge. Jlia the Apote thougt A]exa,er's 
w d«ceded into his body: lato in Timoeo, ad in his Phoedon (for aught 
I OE peweive), differs hot ranch ri-oto t, hic opinion, that it v ri'oto Goal at 
rt, and knew ail, but being inclosed in thc body, if forgets, ad learns ew, 
wh/ch he cMl minctia, or recalling, and tbat if w pt into the body 
fi,r a punihment; ad thece it go ito a best's, or man's,  appea by 
his p]eut fiction  rit anirm, . IO.  e». an afçcr  
thoud ycar  to tm into the fvrer body agaln. 
. u  post va.os annos, per mille 
Es ad hmoe fe por vi » 
Others deny te imoaIity of if, wich Foponatus of da decided out 
of Aristle hot long sice, llnis Avuncb, cap. 1. [ib. 2. e I. 7. cap. 
Serra, lib. 7. ept. ad Lucillum epist. 55 ; Drchus i T. T. 
rus, Arat, 11i2crates , Ga, Lucretius, l. 1. 
çreere nentims piterque nenr munira.)"  
Averroes, and I ow no how my oeteries. " TMs qutlon of th¢ 
immohty of the soul, is diveroely and wondcrfully impugned and dpud, 
especiMly among the Italians of late," aith J. Cor, l. de im»t. 
anim, cap. 1. The popes themlves have doubted of it : Leo Deeimus, 
that Eicurean pope, as  some reoerd of him, eauoed this qumtion to be dis- 
cussed pro and con before him, and e.nduded at last,  a prophane and 
atheistical mod«mtor, with that verse of Corneli Gallus, Et rit it num, 
qdfuit an nih. It began of nothing, and in notMng if ends. Zeno and 
his toi,  Il Austin quotes him, suppod the ul 8o long  continue, till 
the body was fully putrefied, and olved into taa lxima: but after that, 
infus evancere, to be extinshed and vanished; and in the mean rime, 
whit the bly wm« oeumg, it wandered 1 abroad, a è inq mta 
annuncre, and ( that Clazomenian Hermotimus averred) w pretty visions, 
and suffered I know nos what.  Errant eng  corl»ore  oss 
 oelenlua In ¢'x. ag. 302. Bright in ya. Serlb. !. i. David Ci [el¢thon, ippiua 
Zevlnus Lemniu c. ¢ Lib.  mor suant, c. * Cœer. 6. coin. d Rd  
diM. of tbe ImmortaHty of the Soul. Ovid. Met. 5. " We, who may take np onr abode in wild bet 
or be lodged in tbe brt$ of catle." • In 1o. Idem.  Nip,o hist. lib. 10. cap. . g Phoedo. 
• Claudian, 1lb. I. demp. Prox.  "Besid, we ob$e tbat themlnd i$  with the body, growa 
with it, and decays with it."  HOec qo multos r annos va ac mirabiliter impua 
 Colert ibid.   eecl, dog. cap. 16.  Ovid. 4. Met. « The bloooE sbad wiout 
by ci- bon 



bIem. 2. Subs. 10.] Analomy ofthe Seul 105 

umbroe. Ot, hers grant the imortality thereof, but they make many fahulou. 
fietio,. in the meantime of it, after the departure frein the body: like Plato's 
Elysian fields, and that Turkey paradise. The seuls of good men they dcified; 
the bad (saith a Austin) beeame devils, as they supposed ; with many such 
absurd tenet., which he bath eonfuted, l:[ierome, Austin, and other Father 
of the chureh, hold that the sotd is immortM, created of nothing, and se 
infused into the child or embryo in his mother's womb, six months after the 
'conception; net as those of brutes, which are e traduce, and dying with 
them vanish into nothing. Te whose divine treatises, and te the Scriptures 
themselves, I rejouru ail sueh atheistical spirits, as Tully did Atticus, doubting 
of this point, te Plato's Phoedon. Or ff they desire philosophieal proofs and 
demonstrations, I refer them te Niphus, Nie. Faventinus' tracts of this subjeet. 
Te Fran. and John Pieus in digress: sup. 3. de Anirn, Tholosanus, Eugu- 
binu.% te Soto, Canas, Thomas, Peresius, Dandinus, Colerus, te that 
rate tract in Zanchius, te Tolet's Sixty Ressens, and Lessius' Twenty-two 
Arguments, te prove the immorality of the seul. Campanella lib. de 
'erzrn, is large in the sarne diseourse, Albertinus the Sehoolman, Jacob. 
:Naetantus, rem. 2. op. handleth it in four questions. Antony Brunus, A.o,iius 
:Palearius, Marinus ]larcennus, with many others. This re.onable seul, whieh 
Austin calls a spiritual substance moving itself, is defined by philosophers te 
be « the first snbstantial act of 
man lires, pereeives, and understands, freely doing ail t-hings, and with elec- 
tion." Out of whieh deflnition we may gather, that this rational seul ineludes 
the powers, and per{brms the duties of the two other, whieh are contained in 
it, and ail three faeulties make ont seul, which is inorganieal of itself, although 
it be in all parts, and ineo,])oreal, using their organs, and working by them. 
It is divided into two chier parts, differing in office only, net in e.sseuce. Tha 
nnderstanding, whieh is the ratioual power apprehending; the will, which is 
the rational power moving: te whieh two, ail the other rational power. are 
subject and redueed. 

Susec. X.Of the Understanding. 

« Uvrsx-v is a power of the seul,  by whlch we perceive, know, 
remember, and judge as well sinmflars, as universals, haviug certain innate 
notiees or beginnings of arts, a refleeting action, by which it judgeth of 
own doings, and examines them." Out of this definition (besides his chief 
office, which is te apprehend, judge ail that he performs, without the help of 
my instruments or organs) three differences appear betwixt a man and a beast. 
As first, the sense only eomprehends singularities, the understanding univer- 
salitie Secondly, the sense bath no innate notions. Thirdly, brutes canner 
reflect upon themselves. Becs indeed make neat and curious works, and many 
other creatures besides; but when they bave doue, they eannot judge of them. 
-Iis objeet is God, Ens, ail nature, and whatsoever is te be understood : which 
sueeessively it apprehends. The objeet fixzt moving the nnderstanding, 
seine sensible thing; after by diseoursing, the mind finds out the coq)oreal 
substance, and from thenee the spiritual, ttis actions (seine say) are appreo 
heusion, composition, division, diseoursing, reasoning, memory, which seine 
indude in invention, and judgment. The commoa divisions are of the 
tmderstanding, agent, and patient; speculative, and pract.ical; in habit, or 
act; simple, or compound. The agent is that whieh is ealled the wit of man, 
acume, or subtilty, sharpness of invention, when he doth invent of himself 

• Bonornm lares, m|orum vcr lara et lemure& tSome eay at three day mme six week otherl 
etherwlne a Zlelancthon. 



106 Anatomy qfl So'.d, [Part. 1. Sce. 1. 

without a teacher, or learns anew, which abstl'acts those intclligible specles 
frein the phantasy, and transfers them te the passive understanding, "'because 
there is nothing in the understanding, which was net first in the sense." That 
v«hich the imagination bath taken ri'oto the seuse, this agent judgeth of, 
whether it be truc or çalse; and being se judged he commits it te the l,a.sil,le 
te be kcpt. The agent is a doctor or teacher, the passive a scholar; and his 
office is te keep and further judge of such things as are committed te hi 
charge; as bare and rased table at first, capable of ail tbr,,,s and notions. 
Now these notions are two-fold, actions or habits: actions, by which we take 
notions of, and perceive things; habits, which are durable lights and notions, 
which we may use when we will. Seine reckon up eight kinds of them, sense, 
experience, intelligence, faith, suspicion, errer, opinion, science; te which are 
a, lded art, prudency, wisdom: as aise msynterezis, dictamen 'ationis, con- 
science; se that in ail there be fomeen species of the understanding, of which 
seine are innate, as the three last mentioned; the other are gotten by doctrine, 
learning, and use. Plate will bave ail te ba innate : Aristotle reckons up but 
rive intellectual habits; two practic-M, as prudency, whooe end is te practise ; 
te fabricate; wisdom te comprehend the use and experiments of ail notions, 
and habits whatsoever. Which division of Aristotle (if it be considered aright) 
is ail one with the precedent; for three being innate, and rive acquisite, the 
test are improper, imperfect, and in a more strict examination excluded. Of 
ail these I should more amply «ilate, but my subject will net permit. Three 
of them I will only point at, a more necessary te my following diseourse. 
Synteresis, or the purer part of the conscience, is an innate habit, and doth 
signify "a conversation of the knowledge of the law of God and ature, te 
know good or evil." And (as out divines hold)it is rather in the under- 
standing than in the will. This makes the major proposition in a practieal 
syllogism. The dictann rationis is that which doth admonish us te de good 
or evil, and is the miner in the syllogism. The cormcience is that which 
approves good or evil, jnstifying or condemning out actions, and is the con- 
clusion of the syllogism : as in that familiar example of Regulns the Roman, 
ttken prisoner by the Carthaginians, and suffered te go te Reine, on that 
condition he should return again, or pay se much for his ransom. Tho 
synteresis proposeth the question; his word, oath, promise, is te be relig4ously 
kcpt, aithough te his enemy, and that by the law of nature. *"Do net that 
te another which thou wouldest net bave donc te thyselï. » Dictamen apphes 
it te him, and dictates this or the like: Regulus, thou wouldst net another 
man should falsify his oath, or break promise with thee: conscience concludes, 
therefore, Regulus, thou dost well te perform thy promise, and oughtest te 
keep thine oath. ])lore of thi in Religions ]Ielaacholy. 

Su,srcr. XI.Of t Will. 

WILL is the other power of the rational seul, °"which c0vets or avoids such 
thlngs as have been before judged and apprehended by the understanding." 
If good, if approves; if œevil, it abhors it: se that iris object is either good or 
evil. Aristotle calls this our rational appetite; for as, in the sensitive, we are 
moved te good or bad by our appetite, ruled and directed by sense; se in this 
we are carried by reason. Besides, the sensitive appetite bath a particular 
object, good or bad; this an universal, immaterial: that respects only things 
delectabie and pleasant; this honest. Again they differ in liberty. The 

t NlhK In intellect-a, qnod non prius fuerat ia sensu. Velcurlo. ffi The pure part of the conscience. 
• Quod tb! fieri non vis, alteri ne feceris. Re ab iatellecta motrata r¢cipit v¢l l'ejicit  $99rob&? 
¥cl imgobat  Philip. laoi null& culdo. 



llem. . Subs. 11.] An«tomy ofl ,.%ul. 107 

scnsual appetite seeing an object, if it be a eonvenient good, eannot but desiro 
it; if evil, avoid it: but this is ïrea in his essence, r"much now depraved, 
obscured, and fallen from lais first perfection; yet in some of his operations 
still free," as fo go, walk, move st his pleasure, and to choose whether it will 
do or hot do, steal or hot steal. Otherwise, in vain were laws, deliberations, 
exhortations, counsels, precepts, rewards, promises, threats and punishments : 
and God should be the author ofsin. ]3ut in «spi5tual thin we will no good, 
prone to evfl (except we be regenerate, and led by the Spirit), we are egged on 
by out natural concupiscence, and there is -'-;« a confusion in out powe], 
"'Sour whole wiil is averse i?om God and his law," hot in natural things only, 
as to est and drink, lust, to whlch we are led headlong by our tcmperatum 
and inordinate al)petite , 
• "Nec nos obniti contra, nec tendere tantùm 
we cannot resist, out concupiscence is originally bad, out heart evil, the seat of 
out affections captivates and enforceth out- will. So that in voluntary things 
we are averse from Goal and goodncss, bad by nature, by qgnorance worse, 
by art, discipline, custom, we get many bad habits: suffering them to domi- 
neer and tyrannize over us; and the devil is still ready af hand with his evil 
suggestions, fo tempt out depraved will fo some ill-disposed action, fo precipi- 
tate us fo destruction, except out will be swayed and counterpoised again with 
some divine precepts, and good motions of the spirit, which manytimes restrain, 
hinder and check us, when we are in the fuil career of our dissolute courses. 
So David corrected himse]f, when he had Saul af a vantage, levenge and 
malice were as two violent oppugners on the one side; but honesty, religion, 
fear of God, withheld him on the other. 
The actions of the wiil are vd/e and nolle, fo will and nill: which two words 
comprehend all, and they are good or bad, accordingly as they are directed, 
and some of them freely performed by himse]f; although the Stoics absolutely 
deny it, and will bave ail things inevitably donc by destiny, imposing a fatal 
necessity upon us, which we may v.ot resist; yet we say that out w",l is free 
in respect of us, and things contingent, howsoever in respect of God's deter- 
minate counsel, they are inevitable and necessary. Some other actions of the 
vill are performed by the inferior powers, which obey him, as the sensitive 
and moving appetite; as to open our eyes, to go hither and thither, hot fo touch 
a book, fo speak fait or foui: but this appetite is many times rebellious in us, 
and wi]l hot be contained within the lists ofsobriety and temperance. If was 
(as I said) once well agreeing with ason, and there was an excellent consent 
and harmony between them, but that is now dissolved, they often jar, ressort 
overborne by passion: 'ertur uis au'figa, e audit currus habe,ms, as so 
many wi!d horses rtm away with a chariot, and will hot be curbcoE 'e know 
many times what is good, but will hot do it, as she aid, 
• « TroEt lnvitum nova vis, alindqne eupid,o,, 
ten aliud ulet,. 
Lust comsels one thing, ressort another, there i a new reluctancy in men. 
"Odi, e possum, cutzies, no esse quod odi. We cannot resist, but as 
lhoedra confeased to ber nurse, • qvv/oçer/s, vers sttzt, sex] furw" 
segui ejora: she said well and truc, she did acknowledge if, but headstrong 
passion and fury ruade ber to do that which was opposite. So David knew the 
filtlriness of his fact, what a loathsome, foul, crying sin adultery was, yet 
• lelanethon. Operatione plerumqu¢ feroe, ¢tsi libera it illa In esSentia sus. « In eivilibus libera, 
ted non in spiritualibu Osiander. • Tota rltmtas averstt tf Deo. Omnis homo mendaz, • Virg. 
"We are neither able fo eontend agatust tbem, nor only to make way " t Vel propt¢r ignorantiam, quod 
boni studiis non it itruct me ut dcbuitt sut divil Ir¢eItis czcult. , l¢d. OvioE * 
• .. 



108 D,d ofIdandwbj. [Par. 1. ,. l. 

notwithstanding, he would commit murdcr, and take away anotl,er man's 
vife, enforced against reason, religion, to foilow his appetite. 
Those natural and vegetal powers are hot commanded by will at ail ; for 
"who can add o,m cubit to his stature?" These other may, but are hot : and 
thence corne ail those headstrong passions, violent perturbations of the mind ; 
and many times vicious habit custom feral disees; because we give .o 
much way to out appetite, and follow out inclination, like so many beast 
The principal habits are two in number, virtue and vice, whose peculiar defi- 
nitions, descriptions, differences, and kinds, are handled at large in the ethicv 
and are, indeed, the nbject of moral philosophy. 

IEMB. III. 

S[BsrCr. I.--1)finition of Mdancholy, ffame, Difference 

ftWG thus briefly anatomized the body and soul of man, as a preparative 
fo the test; I may now freely proceed to treat of my intended object, to most 
men's capacity; and after many ambages, perspicuously define what this 
rnelancholy is. show his naine ami differences. The naine is iml)od from the 
matter, and disease denominated from the material cause : as Bruel observes, 
,« quaz/» î, from black choler. And whether it be a cau or 
an effct, a disease or symptom, let Donatus Altomarus and Salvianus dco 
eide; I will hot contend about it. It hath several descriptions, notations» 
and definitions. Fraeastorius, in his seomd book of intellect, ealls tho:o 
melancholy, « whom abundance of that aame depraved humour of black eholcr 
bath so misaffected, that they b¢come mad thence, and dote in mosç thing 
or in ail, belonging to elction, will, or other maniïest operations of the under- 
standing." "lI«lanelius out of Galen, Ruffus, Etius, describe it to be « a bad 
and peevish disease» which makes men degenerae ino beasts:" Galen» Ca 
privation or infection of the middle cell of the head," &c. defining t from the 
par affected, which ° Hercules de 8axoniâ approve, l/b. 1. cap. 16. calling 
it "a depravation of the principal function :" Fuschius, l/b. 1. cap. 23. Arnoldus 
iBreviar, l/b. 1. cap. 18. Guianerius, and others: «]y reason of black choiera" 
1)aulus adds. talyabbas simply ealls it a "commotion of the mind." Are- 
¢oeus, "a perpetual anguish of the soul, fastened on one thing, vithout an 
ague ;" which definition of his, Mercurialis de affect, cap. lib. 1. cap. 10. taxeth: 
but JElianus 5lontaltus defends, lib. de morb. cap. 1. de Melau. for sufficient 
and good. The common sort define it to be "a kind of dotage without a 
lever, having for his ordinary companions, fear and sadness, without any 
apparent occasion. So doth Laurentius, cap. 4. 1)iso, l/b. 1. cap. 43. Donatus 
kltomarus, cap. 7. art. medic. Jacchinus, in coin. in l/b. 9. lhaMs ad Almansor, 
cap. 15. Valesius exerc. 17. Fuschius, institut. 3. sec. 1. c. 11. &c., which 
common definition, howsoever approved by most,  t[ercules de Saxoni. wfll 
hot allow of, nor David Crucius, Theat. morb. Herm. l/b. 2. cap. 6. he ho|ds it 
insufficient : "as rather showing what it is hot, than what it is:" as omitting 
the specific diffcrence, the phautasy and bmin : but I descend to particulars. 
The summumgenus is "dotage, or auguish of the mind," saith Aretoeus; "of 
the principal parts," Hrcules de Saxoni adds, to distinguish it from cramp 
aud palsy, and such diseases as belong to the outward sense and motions 
• Melaneholieos voeamua, quos exuberantia vel prsvitas Melaneholioe Ira male habet, ni Inde insanlang 
vel in omnibus, vel in pluribus iisque manifestis sire d rectam rationem, voluntstem pertinent, vel elec- 
tionem, vel. intel ectùs operafiones • Pe. i.m.um et pertinaci.simum morbum qui homines in bruta dee 
erare COglt. Panth. med. b kHgor aUI]TII III UH a contentlone defu abeque febro, Can / I1 
• Eorum deflnRl0 rnorbu quid non it lotiu quam quid it ezlic,tt -- -  ........ 



Iem. 3. Euba. .] Of l Pwr a.ff'eced, &c. 109 

[depraved_'] * to distinguish it from folly and madnesa (which 3Iontaltus rnakes 
angor animl, to separate)in which those functions are not depraved, but rather 
abolished ; [without an ague] is added by ail, to separate it from phrensy, and 
that melancholy which is in a pestilent lever. (Fear and sorrow) make it 
differ from madness: [without a cause] is lastly inserted, to specify it from ail 
other ordinary passions of [fear and SOITOW]. We properly call that dotage, 
as ° Lanrentius interprets it, "when some one principal faculty of the mind, 
as imagination, or reason, is corrupted, as ail melancholy persons bave." It is 
without a fe'er, because the humour is most pa cold and dry, contrary to 
putreçaction. Fear and sorrow are the tnm characters and inseparable coin- 
panions of most melancholy, not ail, as Her. de Saxoniâ, Tract. de posthumo 
de l[elancholia, cap. 2. well excepts; for to some it is most pleasant, as fo 
such as laugh most part; some are bold again, and free from ail manner of 
fcar and grieÇ as hereafter shall be declared. 

8vrsrc. I[.--Of the Part affected. Affect;an. Part «ffected. 

SO.tE difference I find mnongst writers, about the principal part affeted 
in ths diaease, vhether if be the brain, or heart, or some othr member. IMst 
are of opinion that it is the brain : for being a kind ofdotage, it canvo other- 
wise be but that the brain must be affectd, as a sirailar part, be it Iy * con- 
sent or essence, hot in his ventricles, or any obstructions in them, for then if 
would be an apop!exy, or elailepsy , as t Laurentius well observes, but in a cold, 
dl T distemperature of it in his substance, which is corrupt and become too 
cold, or too dry, or else too h,t, as in madmen, and su,:h as are inclined to if : 
amd this  Hippocrates contirms, Galen, the Arahians, and most of our new 
writers. ]Iarcus «le Oddis (in a consultation of his, quoted by  Hildesheim) 
and rive others there cited are of the contrary part; because fear and sorrow, 
wifich are passi«,ns, be seated in the heart. But this objection is sufliciently 
answered by tMontaltus, who doth hot deny that the heart is affected (as 
 Melanelius proves out of G"alen) by reason of his vicinity, and so is the mid- 
riff and many other parts. They do compati, and have a fellow feeling by 
the law of nature: but forasmuch as this malady is caused by irecedent 
imagination, with the appetite, to whom spirits obey, and are subject to those 
principal parts, the brain must needs primarily be misaflected, as the seat of 
ran ; and then the heart, as the seat of affection, tCappivaccius and Mercu- 
rialis have copiously discusaed this question, and both condude the suhject la 
the inner brain, and from thence it is communicated to the heart and other 
inferior parts, which sympa.thize and are much troubled, espccially whn it 
cornes by consent, and is cau.d by reason of the stomach, or myrach, as the 
Arabians terre it, whole body, liver, or "spleen, which are seldm free, pylo- 
ru«, meseraic veins, &c. For sur body is like a clock, if sue wheel be amiss, 
ail the re.st are disordered ; the whole fabric suffers : with such admirablo 
art and h«rmony is a man composed, such excellent proportion, as Ludovmus 
Vives in his Fable of Man bath elegantly declared. 
As many doubt.s almost arise about tbe "affection, vhether it he imanatiort 
or reson alone, or both, Hercules de Saxoniâ proves if out of Galen, 2Etius, 
and Altomarus, that the sole fault la in ° imaginati¢m Bruel is of the amo 

* Animoe functiones Imminuuntur, in fatuitate, tolluntur in munis, depravantur solum In melancholia. 
]lerc. de Sa cap. 1. tract, de Melanch. æ Cap. . de mel. * Per conaenaum aire per eavntiam. 
« Cal). t. 60 mel. • Set. "/. tàe mv.. vulgar. |lb. 6.  Spicel. de me|ucholia.  Cap. 3. de mel. pars 
affecta OE.rebrum sire per conaenmm, aire per cerebrum contingat, et proceram auctoritate et rations 
s!abilitttr. * Lib. de ldei. Cor vers vicinitatis rations un.à afflcitur, acceptum tranaversum se stomachu 
cure do'all apln,, &e.  Llb. I. cap. t0. ubjectum est cerebrum interius, m Rrè o, uisquam tumo,'cra 
ellugit lienis, qui hoc morbo afflcitur, Pia. Quia affcctua, a Set Donat. ab Aitomar. o Facu]taa imagi. 
andi, non cogitandi, nec memorandl IS hic. 



110 fer of Mdanchov. [Part. 1. Sec. 1. 

mind : lontaltus in his 2 cap. of Melancholy confutes this enet of thei, and 
i11tras the ,ontrar by many exampl: 
hell-fish, of a nun, and of a drate monk hat wod hOt be persuaded bu 
thaç he wm damned; tesson wm in faulç m well  imagination, whi did 
mt coct thh error: they make awv themoelv oftentimes, and suppo 
many absd and fidiculous things. Why doth hot rein detect the fally, 
ttle and uade, if she be tYeei • Avicenna therefore holds both coupç, 
fo whom most Abians suboeribe. The same is mfintained by « Areteus, 
• Oorgonius, Ouianeriug &c. To end the controversy, no man doubts of 
imagination, but that it is h and mffecd here; for the other, I deçer.. 
mine with " Albeinus tnus, a dr of Padua, that if h fiç in " ima- 
nation, and afgerwards in remon ; if the diœee be inveterate, or as if is 
nore or less of oenthuance; but by accident," as * Herc. de 8axoniâ adds; 
"faith, opinion, discoue, ratiocimtion, aoe ail accidentally depraved by tho 
default of imagination." 
Parti «ffected.] To the pa a.cfed, I may here add the pmoEies, whidt 
shall  more oppotunely spoken of elsewhere, now only signifie& 8uch as 
bave the moen, 8atun, Iercy misaffected in their genitures, such as lire 
 over cdd, or over hot climes: such m are rn of melancholy parents; as 
oflënd in thooe six non-natal things, are blk, or of a high nguine com- 
plexion, « that have litfle heads, that have a hot heur, mo brain, hot liver 
and oeld stomach, have been long sick : such as are lita by natte, greaç 
studentg given o mueh conteml,lation , lead a lire ou of action, are mot sub- 
j ect o melancholy. Of sexes both, but men mooe often; ye = women mis- 
aflected are far more olent, and ievously troubled. Of ssons of the year, 
the autumn is most mehncholy. Of culiar rimes: old age, from which 
naturM melancholyis almost an inoeparable accident; but this artificial malady 
is more frequent in such m are of a • middle age. 8orne assigm 40 yea, 
Gariopontus 30. gubeus excepts neither young nor dd from this adven- 
titious. Danid 8ennertus involves ail of ail sorts, out of common expefience, 
 in omnus omnino corpb jusoEue constituti mitur. tius 
and Amtitm q aribe into the number "hOt only "diontented, paionate, and 
miscrable persons, swarthy, black ; but such as are most merry and plant, 
scoffe and high coloured." "Genera!ly," saith his, "" the finest wits and 
most generous spifits, are fore other obnoxious 
omplexion, any condition, sex, or age, but n foels and Stoics, xvhich, accord- 
iug   Synesiu are never troubled with any manner of passion, but 
Auacrffs caoe, si sangui  lore; sim firè di nt. Ermus 
viadicates foeIs from this melanchoIy catalogue, because they bave most part 
moist brains and light heas; a they are free fmm ambition, en, shame and 
fear; they aro neither troubled in conience, nor maeerated with OEres, fo 
hich out whole life is most subject. 

suscr. III.--of a J[aller of [elancholy. 

OF the marrer of melancholy, there is much question betwixt Ax'icen and 
Galen, as you may read in "Cardan's Contradictions,  Valesius' Controversies, 

P Lib. a. Fen. I. Tract. 4. cap. 8. « Lib. 3. cap. 5. ,Lib. Med. cap. 19. part. 2. Trac. 15, cap. 2. 
• Hildesheim sp|cel. 2 de .ML']anc. fol. 20"1. et fol. 127. Qv-andoque etiam rationgIis si affcctus inveteratu| 
sit. * Lib. posthumo de Melnc. edit. 1620 deprivAtnr rides, dJ8cLlrttg, opJnio, &c., per vitium Imaginv.- 
ri .nis, ex Accidenti. t Qui parfaire capnt habent, in$ensati pleriqne sunt. Arist. in physioguumitt. 
 Areteua, lib. 3. cap. 5. = Qui propè stature sunt. Aret. Mediis convenir oetatibua, Piso.  De quartano. 
• Primus ad [elanml|am non tam moesttt* ced et h.ilares, Joc_o.s.i, c.achinnantes, irrisores, et. qui plerumque 
proerubri sunt. T Lib. 1. part. 2. cap. 11. • Mm sunt sUbtllJs Ingenii, et multoe perspicacitatis de facili 
|ncidun in ]4elancholim, ]ib. i. cont. Tract. 9. b/¢nquam sanitate mentis excidit aut dolore capitur. 
Ertrn. • In lantl, calvit, a Vacant consclentioe carnific|na, nec pudefitmt, nec verentur, nec di|ace. 
rm.tlr millibtt curaxum qttibus tota vit obnoxi« et. • Lib. L tract. 3. coutrathc. 18.  Llb. 1. cttit."L 



fem. 3. $ubs. 8.] Jl"atter of Mdandwry. 111 

Montanus, Prosper Calenus, "Capplvaccius, S P, rght, t Ficlnus, that bave 
writtcn eitber whole tracts, or copiously of it, in their several treafises of 
this subject, i« What ths humour is, or whence t proceeds, how it is engen- 
dcred in the body, neither Galen, nor any old writer, bath sufficiently dis- 
cussed, as Jacchiuus thinks: the Neoterics canuot aee. [ontanus, in his 
Consultations, holds melancholy fo be material or immaterial: and so doth 
Arculanus: the material is one of the four humours before mentioned, and 
natural. The immaterial or adventitious, acquisite, redundant, unnatural, 
artificial; which  Hercules de Saxoni. will bave reside in the spirits alonc, 
and to proceed from a " hot, cold, dry, moist distemperature, which, without 
malter, aller the brain and functions of il. Paracclsus 'holly rejects and 
derides this division of four humours and complexions, but our Galenists 
general]y approve of il, subscribing to this opinion of/Iontanus. 
This material melancholy is either simple or mixed; offending in quantity or 
quality, var3dng according to his place, where il settleth, as brain, spleen, 
meseraic veins, heart, womb, and stomach; or differing according to the mix- 
ture of those natural humours amongst themselves, or four unnatural adust 
humours, as they are diversely tempered and mingled. If natural melancholy 
abound in the body, which is cold and dry, "so that it be more  than tho 
body is well able go bear, il must needs bo distempered," saith Faventius, 
"and diseased;" and so the other, if il be depraved, whether il arise from 
that other melancholy of choler adust, or from blood, produceth the like effects, 
and is, as/Iontaltus contends, if it corne by adustion of humours, most part 
hot and dry. Some difference 'I find, whether this melancholy matter may bo 
engendered of all four humours, about the colour and retaper of il. Galea 
holds il may be engendered of three alone, excludiug phlegm, or pituita, whoso 
true assertion IValesius and ]lenardus stiffiy "-«aintain, and so doth Fuschius, 
lontaltus, ]/ontanus. How (say they) can white become black? But lier- 
cules de Saxonih lib. post. de mela. c. 8, and ° Çadan are of the opposite parg 
(il may be engertdered of phlegm, etsî rar6 con.ingat, though il seldom corne 
fo pass), so is Guianerius and Laurentius, c. 1. with lIelanct, in his Book de 
Animâ, and Chap. of liumours; he calls il Asininam, dull, swinish melan- 
choly, and saith that he was an eye-witnoss of il: so is «Wecker. From 
melancholy ad us ariseth one kind; tom choler another, wh ich is most brutish; 
another frora phlemn, which is dull; and the last from blood, which is best. 
Of these some are cold and dry, ottmrs hot and dry, "varying according fo 
their mixtures, as they are intended, and remitted. And indeed as Rodericus 
i Fons. cons. 12. 1. determines, ichors, and those serous matters being thick- 
ened become pMegm, and phlegm degenerates into choler, choler adust becomcs 
oeruginosa elanclwlia, as vinegar out of puresç wine putrefied or byexhalatiolt 
of purer spirits is so ruade, and becomcs sour and sharp; and from the sharp- 
ness of ghis humour proceeds much waking, troublesome thoughts and dreams» 
&c., so that I concludo as before. If the humour be cold, it is, sait.h "Faven- 
tinus, «a cause of dotage, and produceth milder symptoms: if hot, they aro 
rash, raving mad, or inclining fo il." If the braiu be hot, the animal s|drits 
are hot; much madness follows, with violent actions: if cold, fatuity and sot- 
tishnesst Cappivaccius. *" The colour of thiz mixture varies likewi:o according 

s Bright, ca. 16. a Lib. I. cap. 6. de sanit, tuend.  Quisve au¢ qua]fs sit Immor, aut quoe 
lifferemi$e et quomodo gigantur in corporc, scratadU.m, l/tc enim re rnuiti eterum |aboravernnt, 
facile accipere ex Gleno senteutioe ch loquendi varietatem. Leon. Jacch. com. in 9. Ih&is cap. 15. cap. 16. 
iz, 9. Rhasi. • Lib. posthum, de Melan. e..¢. Venetiis 1620. cap. 7 et 8. Ab inCemperie calid, humida, 
&c. kSecundum magis aut miuus si in corpore fuerit, ad itemperiem plusquam corpus sa]ubriter 
ferre poter]t: inde corpus morbosum eflltur. Lib. I. eontrovers, cap. zi. m Lib. |. scCt. 
cap. 4. = Coneil. 2. o Lib. 2. contradic, cap. 1 I. P De feb. tract, diff. 2. cap. I. non esc negandum 
ex bac fleri Mc|ancholics. q In Syutax. r Varie aduritur, et miscetur, unde varioe amentium speces, 
leianct. • Humor frigidus delirLi caus, furoris clidus, &c.  Lib. i. cap. 10. de affcct, cap. 
 NiKroecit hic humor» aliqundo mal)ercalefactus, aiiqundo uI'efxiefbctus :,. 



te the mixture, be if hot or cold; 'ris sometimes black, sometimes net, Alto- 
rnarus. The saine z llelanelius proves out of Galen; and Hippocrates in his 
]3ook of Melancholy (if af least it be his), giving instance in a burning coal, 
"which when it is hot, shines; when it is cold, looks black ; and se doth tho 
humour." This diversity of melancholy matter produceth diversity of effects. 
If it be within the "body, and net putrefied, it causeth black jaundice; if putro- 
fied, a quartan ague; if if break out te the skin, lel,rosy ; if te parts, severa| 
maladies, as scurTy, &c. If it trouble the mind ; as if is divcrsely mixed, it 
produceth several kinds of madness and dotage: of which in their place. 

Stmsc'. IV.--Of the edea or nda of Melanchol. 
WHE the malter  dive and consed, how should it otherwîse be, 
that the scies shouhl be divers and confed Many ltew and old writers 
bave spoken confusedly of it, confounding melancho]y and madn, as  Heur- 
nius, uianeH, Oordonius, Salutius, a[vianus, Jason Frateltsis, Savana- 
rola, that will bave madne no other than melancholy lu exnt, di.ring 
I bave raid) in degrees. Seine make two distiuc sci, as Rtff Ephesius, 
an old wt Çonstantin Afcnus, retoeus, "urelianus, Paulus i- 
nets : others acknowledge a multitude of kinds, and leave them in«lefinit 
tius in his Tetrabiblos, "vicenna, ib. 3. ffe. 1. r. 4. cp. 18. &rcu- 
lanus, cep. 16.  9. is, ontanus, . ar. 1. "« If natural melancholy 
be adusç, it maketh one kind; " blood, another; if choler, a third, dflXltg 
ri'oto the first; and se many several opinions there are about the kinds, 
the be men themselv."  Herculcs de Saxoni sers dovn two nds, 
"material and immaterial ; one frein spirits alone, the other iom humours and 
spiri." Savanarol R. 11. Tract. 6. cap. 1.  oegritud, capit, wifi bave 
the kinds te be infinite; oe frein the myrach, called myrachialL of the 
Arabiaas; an,»ther stomhalis, ri'oto the stomach; another frein the liver, 
hearg, womb, hemrods: *"one beginning, another consummate." hIelancthon 
oeconds m,  "as the humour is diversely adust and mixed, se are tke species 
divers;" bnt what these men spk of sciea I tbink ought te be understood 
of symptoms, and se doth Arculauus interpret hielf: iufinite speci, 
«, symptoms; and in that sense,  Je. Gorrheus acknowledgeth in his medi- 
ciual definitions, the spi are infinite, but they may be reduoed te the 
kiu ls by rein of theh" sent ; head, body, and hypochondries. This threctbld 
division  approved by Hippocrates h his ok of Melancholy (if it be his, 
xvhich seine suspect), by Galua, l. 3.  c. afft, cap. 6., hy Alexander, lib. 
1. cap. 16., Fs, lib. 1. CvntDnt. Tract. 9. l. 1. cap. 16., Acenna, and 
most of out new writers. Th. Erastus makes two kindsi one perpetual, which 
i head melaucholy; the other interrupt, which com and goes by fits, which 
he subdivides into the other two kinds, se th,t ail cornes te the saine pas 
ome again make four or rive kinds with dcricus à Ctro,  mrb m&r. 
lib. 2. c, T. 3, and Lod. hlcrcatus, who, in 
cap. 4, wdl bave that melancholy of nuns, vidows, and mor ancient malds» 
ço be a peciar speies of melaucholy diflbrmg h'om the rt: seine will redace 
ethmsts, extatical and dcmoniacal persons te this tank, ad.ling  love 
mclancholy te the first» and lyoEnthropia. The most rcoeivd dvsoa  into 
= Humor hic niger aliquando prœeter modum calefact et ali relgeratus adit : nain recentib 
rboutb ei quid aimile accidi qui dante flamma pelluciditme ndenç  extmcta prora nigre 
cttn. Hippoerat.  Guianc, diff. 2. p. 7. • Non t mani niai exn*a mclancholi • Cap. 6. 
hb. t.  2. er. 2. p. . Morb hic t omuifm. * Speci indeflni $uttt. t Si adurat 
naturali$ melahol aha fit pecm$, ai aguis ali $i flavabBia i divea a primi : magma t int 
h differenti et tot Doetorum aententi qnot ip$i nnmero *unt. * Trot. de meL cap. 7. t Qdm 
incipieit* quoedam conummata. « Cap. de humor, lib. de anima, va Iitr et miacetur 
th.lt ut[ viæ ameatium $peci. z Cap. i6. in . R.  Y ttiu ca.  e m¢L 



gem. 3. Subs. 4.] ,_qpecies of Metanchobj. I13 

three kinds. Tl,e £rst proceeds from the sole fault ofthe bra[n, and is called 
lmad melancholy; the second symptthetically proceeds from the whole body, 
when the whole temperature la melancholy: the third ariseth from the bowels, 
livcr, spleen, or membrane, called mesenterium, named hypochondriacal or 
win, ly melaucholy, which ' Laurentius subdivides iuto three parts, from thos 
three members, hepatic, splenetic, meseraic. Love melancholy, whichAvicenna 
calls Ilisha: and Lycanthropia, which he calls cueubuthe, are c,»mmonly 
included in head melancholy; but of this last, which Gerardus de Solo calls 
amoreus, and most knight melancholy, with that of religious melancholy, vir- 
tfinum et vidtarum, maintained by Rod. à C-stro and Mercatus, and the other 
kinds of love melancholy, I will speak of apart by themselves in my third par- 
tition. The three precedent species are the sttbject of my preseat discourse, 
vhich I will anatomize and treat of through ail their causes, symptoms, cures, 
together and apar ; that every man that is in any measure affected with this 
nalady, may knoxv how to examine it in himself, and apply remedies unto it. 
It is a hard marrer, I confess, to distitguish these thrêe species one from the 
other, to express their several causes, symptoms, cures, being that they are so 
often confounded amongst themselves, having such affinity, that they cas 
scarce be diseerned by the most accumte physicians; and so often intermixed 
xvith other diseases that the best experienced hve been plunged. 5Iontanus 
eonsæl. 26, names a patient that had this disease of melancholy and caninus 
ppetitus both together ; and co,sil. 23, with vertigo, 'Julius Coesar Claudi- 
tins, with atone, gout, jaundice. Trincavelllus with an ague, jaundice, caninu. 
appetitus, &c. "Paulns ftegoline, a great doctor in hi rime, consulted in this 
case, was so confounded with a confitsion of symptoms, that he knexv hot to 
what kind of melancholy fo refer it.  Trincavellius, Fallopius, and Francan- 
z.nus, famous doctors in Italy, all three contrred with about one party, st tho 
saine rime, gave three diffcrent opinions. And in another place, Trincavellius 
being demanded what he tlàought of a melancholy young man to whom he waa 
snt tbr, ingenuously cor, feascd that he was indeed melancholy, but he kne, 
hot to wbat kind to reduce it. In his seventeenth consultation there is the like 
disagreement about a mclancholy monk. Those symptoms, which othera 
ascribe to misaffected parts and huraours, « Herc. de Saxoni attributes wholly" 
to distempered spirits, and those immateril, as I have said. Sometimes they 
c:mnot wcll discern this disease ri'oto others, la leinerus Solinander's eotm- 
set_s, (,çect. consil. 5.) he and Dt'. Iraade both agreed, tht the patient's dizeaso 
was hypochondriacal melancholy. Dr. 5Iatholdus said if vas asthma, and 
othing else. ° Solinander and Guarionins, lately" sent for to the melancholy" 
Duke of Cleve, with others, could hot define what species it ,vas, or agreo 
amongst themselves. The speeies are so confounded, as in Coesar Claudinus his 
torty-iburth consultation for a Poloniaa Count, in his judgment r,, he laboured 
of head melancholy, and that which proceeds from the whole rem perature both 
st once. I cottld give instance of aome that bave had ail three kinds semel et 
siraul, aatd some successively. So that I conclude of our melancholy specie 
as + many politicians do of their pure forma of commonwealths, monarchies 
astocracies, democracies, are most famous in contemplation, but in practioe 
they are temperute and usually mixed, (so : Polybius informeth us) as tha 
Lacedoemonian, the Roman of old, German now, and many others. ,Vhat 
physieians say of distinctspecies in their books it much matters hot, slnce tha 
in their patients' bodies they are eommonly mixed. In such ohscurity, there- 
fo'e, variety and confused mixture of sïmltoms  causes how difficult  thing la 

t Cap. 13. 1480. et 118. eon,nlt, eonsH. 15.  Hildehelm, splcH, 2. fol. 16{]. • Trincavell|us 
tom. 2, eonsil. 15. et 16. s Cap. 13. tract. !msth. de mel,n. Guarion. cons, med. 2. • Laboraçit 
per essenti,m et , toto ¢orpore. " Machiavel, &c. Smithns de rep. Angl. cp. 8. lib. I. Bttscoldu, 
ti¢m'. poli[, dcur, b. ¢p. . Arit I. 3 .Doh[. vap. al. Keckcrm. ali/, &c,. ; IAb. 6. 



|!6 2Vature of DvIs. [Part. 1. Sec. 

e-,asidered: for the better understandin of which, [ will taake a briefdi'essioa 
of the nature of spirit.. A nd a!though the question be very obscure, aeeord- 
ing to ° Postellus, " full of controversy and ambignity," bêyond the reach of 
human capacity, fateor excedere viro intent[ons neee, saith * Austin, I eonfess 
I ara hot able fo understand if, .finitum de i,,.finito non potest statuere, we ean 
sooner determine with Tully: d nat. deorum, qui,1 non sint qu«m quoE sint, 
out subtle hoolmen, Cardans, Scallgers, profound Thomists, Fracastoriana 
and Ferneliana ac/es, are weak, dry, obscure, defective in these mysteries, and 
ail out quiekest wits, as an owl's eyes at the snn's light, wax dull, and are hot 
snffieient to apprehend them ; yet, as in the test, I will adventure to say some- 
thing to thia point. In former time as we read Acts xxiii., the St,l, lucees 
denied that there were any such spirits, devils, or angels. So did Galen the 
l, hysician, the Peripatetics, even Aristotle bimselï, as Pomponatius stoutly 
naœeentains, and Scaliger in some sort grants. Though Dandinus the Jesui, coin. 
tt lib. 2. de animâ, stiffiy denies it; substantiee separatoe and intelligences, are 
ihe saine wlfich Christians eMl angels, and Platonists devils, for they naine ail 
the spirits, dcemones, be they good or bad angels, as Julius Pollux Onomasticon, 
lib. 1. cap. 1. observes. :Epicures and atheists are of the saine mine! in general, 
because they never saw them. Plto, Plotinns, lPorphyrius, Jambliehus, lProclus, 
insisting in the steps of Trismegistus, Pythagoras rot,1 Soerates, make no 
doubt of it : nor Stoies, but tha there are sueh spirits, though mueh erring 
from the trtth. Coneeaaing the firs bcnning of them, the ° Tahnudists 
say tha Adam had a wife called Lilis, betbre he married Eve, and of ber he 
bega nothing but devi| The Turks' »Alcoran £s altogether as absurd and 
ridienlous in this point: but the Scripture informs us Christians, how Lueife; 
the chier of them, with his assoeiates, « tçll from heaven for his l'ride and ambi- 
tion; created of God, plaeed in heav.en, and sometime an angel of light, now 
cast down into the lower aerial sublunary parts, or into hell, "and delivered 
into ehains of darkness (2 t'et. il. 4.), to be kept unto damnation." 
zVature of De'ils.] There is a ïoolish opinion whieh some hold, that they 
are the souls of men departed, good and more noble were deified, the baser 
'ovelled on the ground, or in the lower parts, and were devils, the which 
vith Tertullian, I-'orphyrius the philosopher, bi. Tyrius aer. 27 maintain 
"These apirits," he +sith, "whieh ve call angels and devils, are nough but 
souls of men departed, whieh either through love and pity of their ti'iends yet 
living, help and assist them, or else persecute their eaemiez, whom they hated»" 
as Dido threatencd to perseeute _,ZEneas: 
«Omnibus nmbra ]oeis adero : dab|s, lmprobe, poena.  
« My anffry ghost arising from the deep, 
Bhall haunt thee waking, and distrb thy 
At least rny hade thy punishrnent hall know, 
Ad Faine sh særead the pleaing news below, °' 

They are (as others suppose) appointed by those hlgher powers fo keep men 
from their naivity, and to proteet or punish them as they sec cause: and are 
called boni et ali Genii by the omans. l:Ieroes, lares, if good, lemures or 
larvoe if bad, by the Stoies, governors ofeountfies, men, eities, saith ++ Apuleius, 
.De, os appdlant qui ex lwmium numero justè ac ffrudentèr vitoe curriulo guber- 
aato, pro numiw, postea ab hominibu prtediti fanl« et ceremonils vul9 adroit,. 
tuntur, t in 91»to Osylris , &e. Ircestits, Cal»ell callz hem, "whieh 
• Lib. 1. c. 7. de «rbls concordia. In nullh re major fait tllercatio, major obzurilaa, minor 
¢oncordia, quhm de dmmonibus et aubslantiis neparati. * Lib. 3. de Trinit. 
Geneln, lib. 1. In cap. 3. v. 23. 8ee Strozzius Ci¢ogna ornnifari /dag. iib. 2. c. 15. Jo. Aubnus, 
Bredenbachius. q Angelus per sperbiam separatus k Deo, qui in veritate non stetit. Austin. ç Iihil 
a}iud sunt Doernones qum nud animoe quoe corpore deposito priorem rniserati vitam, cognatis trccurrun$ 
comrnoti nisericordla, &c. $ De Deo Socratis. Ail those tnortas are called 
dtrc being pruden/ly b,Lided nd governcd are hououred by mn with tcmle 



[em. 1.8ubs. 2.] I¢atur« j l)evils. 1!7 

protccted particuIar men a. wclI 
Eutu.r»ti,tu»t et dnium, which of ail spirits  best,  bli cogitat 
animum egentem,  the Platonists suppd ; Plotinm h£s, and we Christhna 
out sting angeI, m Andre Victorellus, a copio writer of this subject, 
Lodovicus de La-Cerda, the Jesuit, in his volumino tract  Ang« Cte, 
Zanchius, and some divines think. But this absurd net of Tyrem, mclua 
confutes ai large in his boek de Anlm et mo». 
"sel[us, a Christian, and metimes tutor (sMth Cusplnlan) to Michacl 
Prapinatius, Emperor of Greeoe, a great obrver of the nature ofdels, bol, la 
they are "corp,real, and bave "aerial bodies, that they are mortM, lire and 
die," (which Martiauus Capella lewiso maintains, but out christian philoso- 
phe explode) "that 'they are nourished and have excrements, they feel pain 
if they be hur (which Cdan confirma and Scaliger justly laughs him to 
orn /br; 8 pascantur aere, cur no»t pugtant ob puem aera  &a) or 
stroken :" and if their bodies be cut, with admirable celefity they como 
togethcr again. &ustin, in Gen. lib. ifi. lib. arbi, approves as much, mutat,t 
casu co»Tora in derrenr 9ualitaten aer spsior, so doth Hierome. Com- 
ment. itt epist, ad Ephes. cap. 3, Origen, Teullian, Lactantius, and many 
ancient thers ofthe Church: tha in their ll their bodies vere changed to 
a more fial and gmm substance. Bode, lib. 4, Theatri Naturoe, and David 
Crusius, Hermeticœe Philoeophiœe, lib. i. cap. 4, by oeveral arguments provcs 
angcls and spirigs to be corporeal : qu&quld co,di»ur 
A t spiritus continetur in loco, ergo.  i spiritus sunt yua»tti, ermtt Corlrei : 
Mt sunt 9uanti, ergo. Sunt niti, ergo quami, &c.  Bodine goes farther 
yet, and w/Il haro these, «ltti, separat enii, pirits, gels, devi, and so 
likewise souls of men departed, if corporeal (which he most eagerly contends) 
to ho of some shape, and that absolutely rond, like Sun and Moon, becauso 
that is the most perfect form, q nildl habet aspeHtat, nihg angulis bwum, 
ihil a»¢'actus involutu»b nihg 
tsimum;  thercfore ail spirits are corporeal he concludes, and in the pmper 
shapes luntl. That thcy can assume OEher aerial bodies, ail manner of shapes 
at their pleu, appât in what likeaess they will themselves, that they are 
most swift in moEion, tan pass many mfies in an insnt, and so likewiso 
"tmnsform bodies of others into what shape they please, and with admirable 
celefity remove them from place 
Daniel, and as hilip the doecon w carried away by the Spirit, when he ha, l 
baptised the eunuch ; so did Pythagor and Apollous move themsdves 
and othe, with many such feats) ; th:t they n repeint ctles in the air, 
pMaces, armi, specgrums, prodigies, and such strange objoets to moal men's 
eyes, $ cause smells, savours, &e., deceive ail ghe sens ; mosg writers of this 
subject credibly believe; and tt they can foretel fu¢.ure events, and do many 
strange milles. Juno's image spake to Camillus, and FounCs statue to th¢ 
Roman marrons, with many such. Zanchius, Bodin Spondanus, and othqr 
are of opinion that they cause a te metamowhosis, 
really tramlatcd into a beast, Lo's we in a pillar of lt; Ulycd com- 
panis to ho aud dogs, by Circe's chams; turn themoelv and others, as 
they dz witches into cats, dogs, haoes, crows, &c. Strozzius Cicoa bath 
many example lib. i omni£ mag. cap. 4 and 

• He llved 500 years s|nee, •Apalelus : spirltns an|ma|la sn snlmo plil mente raflonall 
orc ae tpore tempite, t uit, et excrementa habenL quod psata dolent 
rcussa rpo. * Whatever pl ace is eooeat :it occi pxe 
 4. lib, 4. TheoL n. fol 535.  Wch  no roughn angle fractur, prominenc but is the 
most peffect ongst peffect booe, • Can in Ept. montes eti et enlmaHg transferrl 
pt: tbedetlldidChrt  thetopof tbe pinnacte; dwltcb are often tran$1ated. Seemore 
In Strozziut Cleo llb. 3. cap. 4. omnlf, m. Fer ra bdu¢ere et  sublime eorpora feue 
Birman. Fercu! dolent et uruntur  consœicuos cer Agripp ]iD. . cap. 
 Agrippa c oç¢t. Poe. b. . p. 



1 18 ratur of 1)evils. _ [Part. 1. Sec. 2. 

Austin likewise doth, de civ. Dei lib. xviii. That they tan be seen when and in 
what shape, and to whom they will, saith Psellus, Tametsi til tale vid¢rim, nez 
optera vhlere, though he himself nevcr saw them nor desh'ed if; and use some- 
times carnal copulation (as elsewhere I shall "pmve more af large) with women 
and men. llany will hot bdieve they eau be seen, and if any man shall say, 
swear, and stiffiy maintain, though he be discreet and wise, judicious ami 
learned, that he bath seen them, they aceount him a timorous fool, a mclan- 
choly dizzard, a weak fellow, a dreamer, a sick or a mari man, they contemn 
him, laugh him to scorn, and yet [arcus of his cm,lit told Psellus that he ha,l 
often seen them. And Leo Suavius, a Frenchman, c. 8, in Commentar. 1. 1. 
Paracetsi de vittî longd, out of some Platonists, will bave the air fo be as fuil of 
them as ShOW falling in the skies, and that they may be seen, and withal sets 
down the menus how men may sec them ; Si ireverberatis oeulis sole splendente 
versres coelum continuaverint obtutus, &c.,  and saith moreover he tried it, 
preemissorum fec experimentu», and it was truc, that the Platonists said. 
Paroeclsus confesseth that he saw thcm divers times, and conferred with them, 
and so doth Alexandcr ab r Alexandro, "that he so found if by experiencc» 
when as before ho doubtcd of if." Many deny if, saith Lavatcr de spectris, 
part i. c. 2, and part ii. c. 11, " because they never saw them themselves;" 
but as he reports st large all over his book, especially c. 19, part 1. they ara 
ofen seen and heard, ami funiliarly converse with men, as Lod. Vives assurcth 
us, innumerable records, histories, and testlmonies evince in ail ages, rimes» 
places, and "ail travellers besides; in thc West Indies and our northern climcs, 
_Aïhil f«miliarius quam in agris et urbibus spi,'itus zqdere, audire qui vetent, 
ubeant, &c. tIieronimus vitâ Pauli, Basil ser. 40, qicêphorus, Eusebiu.% 
S,.,crates, Sozomenus, + Jacobus 13oissardus in histract de spiqtuu»t appari- 
tlonibus, letrus Loyerus 1. de spectris, YVierus L 1. bave iufinite variety of 
such examplesof apparitions ofspirits, for him to read that fitrtherdoubts, to his 
amlde satitaction. One alone I will briefly insert. A nobleman in Germany 
was sent ambassaAor to the King of Sweden (for his naine, the time, and such 
eircumstances, I rcfcr you fo ]oissardus, mine "Author). After he had donc 
his business, he sailed to Livonia, on set purpose to sce those familiar spirits, 
which are there said fo be conversant with men, and do their drudgery works. 
Amongst other matters, one of them told him where his wife was, in what 
room, inwhat clothes, what doing, and brought him a ring from ber, which, aç 
his return, non sie omnium admiratio, he found to be true; and so beileve,l 
that everafter, which before he doubted of. Cardan l. 19. de subtil, relates «,f 
his father, Facius Cardan, that after the accustomcd solemnities, An. 1491, 
13 August, he conjured up seven devils, in Greek apparel, about forty years 
ofagc, some ruddy of complexion, and some pale, as he thought; he asked them 
many questions, and they ruade ready answer, that they wcre aerial devil., 
that they lived and died as men did, save that they wet far longer lived (700 
or 800  years) ; they did as much excel men in dignity as we do juments, and 
were as far excelled again of those that were above them ; our ++ governors and 
keepers they are moreover, which § Plato in Critias delivered of old» and 
subordinate to one another, Ut enlm hamo homlni, sic damort doemon d,.nina- 
tut, they rule themoelves as well as us, and the spirits of the meaner sort had 
çommonly such offices, as we make horse-keepers, neat-herds, and the basel; 
of us, overseers of our cattle; and that we can no more apprehend their 
natures and fauctions, than a home a man's. They knew ail things, but mighg 

ParC. 3. 9ect. 2. Mem. 1. Subs. 1. Love Melancholy. * « By gazlng ateadfaatly on the  umlna[ed 
ith s bfightt raya." » GeaiS. diem. Ira aibi viaum et compeum quum pri an nt ambiget  
Fide suam libet, • Ll. 1. de veri Fid. Benzo» &c.  Lib. de Divlatioe et m. • Cap. 8. 
Transportat In Livouim capidite viddi, &c. b Sic Heslodus de Nvmphis vere dicit 10 oetato 
hoenicum vel 9. 7.20. $ Custos homin et provinciamm, &c. tant melior homib qutO 
brut tib.  Proeside Pre Gubor ho et i anim. 



[em. 1. Subs. "2_.] 2Yature of Sl?irits. 119 

n,,t reveal them te men ; and rulcd and domineered over us, as we de over out 
]torses; the best kings amongst us, and the most generous spirits, were net 
comparub!e te the basest et" thcm. Sometimes they did instruct men, 
con,municate thcir skill, rcward and cherish, and somctimes, again, terrify and 
punish, te keep thcm in awe, as they thought fit, ]Vihil magls cuplentes (saith 
Lysius, lhis. Stoicorum) quam advrationem homlnum. ¢ The saine Author, 
Cardan, in his tIyperchcn, out ofthe doctrhm of Stoics, will bave seine of theso 
Genii (for se he calls them) te be «desirous of mcn's company, very affable and 
tïan,iliar with them, as dogs are; othcrs, again, te abl,or as scrpents, and cure 
net for-them. The aame belike Tritemius calls Ignios e2 sublunares, 
nunquam demergunt ad ilfmoEora, sut v ullum ]tabent in terris commercium : 
"  Geumlly they far cxcel men in worth, as a man the meanest wÇrm; though 
seine of them are inferior te those of thcir own rank in worth, as the black- 
guard in a prince's court, and te men again, as seine dcgencrate, base, rationaI 
creatures, are excelled of bxate beasts." 
That thcy are mortal, besides these testimonles of Car&m, artianus, 
many other divines and philosophcrs hold, post prolixon temlms mariuntur 
omnes; The ®Platonits, and seine Rabbivs, lorphyrius and Plutarch, as 
appears by that relation of Thamus: "tThe great god Pan is dcad;" Apollo 
]'ythius ceased ; and se the rest. St. Hierome, in the lire of Panl the ]Iermit, 
tells a story how one of them appeared te St. Anthony in the wildcrness, and 
toId him as much.  laracelsus of out laie writers stiflty maintains that they 
are mortal, lire and die as othcr creatures de. Zozimus, 1. 2, further adds, tha 
religion and policydies and altcrswilh thcm. The  Gentiles  gods»he saith, were 
exl,clled by Constantine, and together with thcm, Imperii R,,manl mttjestas, 
et fortuntt interiit, et profligata est/ The fi»rtune and majesty of the lman 
:Empire decayed and vanished, as that heathen in  Minutius formerly bragged, 
whcn the Jews were overcome by the Romans, the Jews' God was likewise 
captivated by that of Reine; and lZabsakeh te the Israelites, no God should 
deliver them out of the hands of the Assyrians. ]3ut these paradoxes of their 
power, corporeity, mortality, taking of shapes, tmnsposing bodies, and carlml 
copulations, are sufficiently confited by Zanch. c. 10, 1.4. lererius in 
comment, and Tostatus questions on the 6th ofGen. Th. Aquin., St. Austin, 
Wierus, :Fh. Erastus, Delrio, tom. 2, l. 2, quoest. 29 ; Sebatian 3Iichaelis, 
e. 2, de spiritibus, D. Reinolds Lect. 47. They may deceive the eyes of men, 
yet net take true bodies, or make a real mctamorphosis; but as Cieogna 
proves ai large, tl,ey are i ]llusorice et Frcestigiatrices transformatianes, omuif. 
mat. lib. 4, cap. 4, mere illusions and cozenings, like that tale of Pasetis 
obulus in Suidas, or tl,at ofAutolicus, [ercury's son, that dwelt in laarnassus, 
vho got se much treaaure by cozenage and stealth. His father hercury, 
because he couhl leave him no wealth, taught him many fine tricks te ge 
means, ++ for he could drive away men's cattle, and if any pursued him, turu 
them into what shapes he would, and se did mighily enrich himaelf, hec ast 
maximamprcedam eo't adsecutus. This, no doubt, is as true as the rest; yet 
thus mueh in general. Thomas, Durand, and othcrs, granç that they bave 
understanding far beyond men, can probably conjecture and  foretel many 
things; they can cau:e and cure most disease% deceive our senses they haro 

*" Coveting nothing more than the admiration of manklnd, » • N'atnra famillares ni canes homlnlbtm 
rnuiti aversantur et abhorrent, d Ab homlne plus ditant qtmm home ab ignobilissimo verne, et tamen 
quidam ex his ab homimbus superan[ur ut homlnes h feri &c. • Cbo et potu nti et venere cure 
hominibus ac tandem morl Cicogn. 1. part, lib. 2. c. 3. rplutarch, de defect, oraculorum, « Lib. 
de Zilphis et Pigmeis.  Dii gcntium a Constantio plfligati sunt &c. " Octovian dial. Judoeorum 
deum fuisse Romanorum numinibus uns cnm tente captivnm.  Omnla spiritibua plena, et ex eorum 
concordia et discordia omneS boni et malt eff¢ctuspromanant, omnla humana reguntur : paxadoxa veterum 
de quu Cicngn. omniL mat. 1.2. e.B. : Ove qua abacturu erat in quaaeunque ferrons çelAebat Pansu, 
liaa, Hyghms.  Austin in 1.2. de Gen. ad literam cap. 17. Partira quia subtilioris sensns acumine 
partira scienti, c, alidlor0 vigent et experieatia propted rnaKaam longitudinm ¥it pro'tire ab AlgelL 



120 'alure fSpirlts. [Park 1. Bec. 2. 

excellent skill in ai1 Arts anl Sciences; and that t])e most illiterate dcvil is 
Quovis hoenine »cledlar (more knowing than any man), as  Cicogna maint:tins 
out of others. They know the virtues of herbs, plants, stones, minerals, &c. ; 
of all crcat,res, birds, beasts, the four elements, stars, planets, can aptly apldy 
and make use of them as they see good; perceiving the OEes of all meteom, 
and the like : Dane se coribus ( « Austin hath if) com»wdan sefigur, 
adhoerent son, ji4unt se odus, ioEundunt se saporus, omn sensus 
etktm ipsam inlljentn doen fallunt, they deceive all our senses, even 
out understanùing itself at once. They can produce miraculous Mterations 
 the air, and most wondefful effecçs, conquer armies, give ictori, help, 
further, hurt, cross and alter human attempts and projecçs (Dd rm) as 
they e good themselves, fWhen Charles the Great tended fo make a chan- 
riel betwixt the Rhine and the Danube, look what his workmen did in the day, 
these spirits flung down in the night, Ut conat Rez isteret, pewe. Such 
feats OEn they do. ut that which Bodine, 1.4, Theat. nat. thin (followg 
Tyrius belike, and the latonists,) they caa teH the coets of a man's heart, 
aut cogitatimtes hominum, is most alse; his ferons are weak, and suoEie,tlï 
confitted by Zanch. lib. 4, cap. 9. ierom. lib. 2, coin. in hlaç. ad cap. 15, 
Athanasius quoest. 27, and Antiochum rincipem, and others. 
Or&rs.] As for those order of good and bad Devfis, which the latonists 
hold, is altogether erroneous, and those Ethnics boni et mali Gd, are to b 
exploded: these heathen writcrs agree hot in this point among themsdves, as 
Dandinns notes, An dnt li non convenu, some will bave ail spirits good 
or b to us by a mistake, as if an Ox or Horse could discouroe, he would say 
the Buçchc w  enemy because he killed him, the Grazier his friead 
bause he fed him; a unter preserves and yet ls his gaine, and is hatcd 
nevcrtheless of his gaine; n pcatorem pc amare pot, &c. Buç Jam- 
blichus, Paellus, Plutarch, aad most Platonists acknowledge bad, et ab eu»t 
mai cavendum, and we should beware of their wickedness, for they aro 
enemies of mankd, and th lato learned in Egypt, that they quarrelled 
xvith Jupiter, and were driven by him do to hell.  That which "Apuleius, 
em»phon, and Plato contend of Socrates' Doemotium, is mosç absd : Thaç 
which Plotinus of his, that he had likewe Deu pro D»to,OE; and tha 
which Porphiry concludes of them ail in geneml, ff they be neglected in thcir 
srifioe they are angry ; nay more,  Cardan in his Hyperchen w, they 
feed on meu's souls, Enata sunt pnt entmn, animibus 
't m natura à nostrâ, qproTter doennus : and so belike that we hae 
so many battles foughç in ail ages, countries, h to make them a fet, and 
their sole delight: but fo retura to that I said belote, if displed they tk'et 
and chafe (for they feed belike on the uls of bet as we do on thcir 
bodies), ad send many plairas amongst ; but ff plscd, then they do much 
good; is  vain  the test and conthted by Austin, 1. 9. c. 8. de Civ. Di. 
Eseb. 1.4. proepar. Evang. c. 6. and oçhers. Yet tl much I find, that our 
School-men and other  Dives make nine kinds of had spirits,  Dionysius 
th done of Angels. In the first rank are those faloe gods of the Gençiles, 
mhich were adored heretofore in several Idu, and gave Omcles aç Delphos, 
d ewere; 'ho rce ia Beehebub. The cond rank h of rs and 

! L]b. 8. omni£ mag. cap. S. * L. 18. quest, m Quum tantl sit et tare profunda $p|r|tum cleut]a 
mirarn non et rot tantasque res vlsu adrnirabiles ab ipsia patrari et quidem rerum naturalium ope quia 
multo meliaa lntelllgunt, rnultoque perttius suis lotis et temporibus appllcare uorunt, quam homo, Cieogna. 
 Aventinus, qnicquid tnterdiu ehauriebatnr, octu expieba¢oEr. Inde pavefacti curatorea, &c. : lu iib. 2. 
d Anim teï2.9 H ?m_ _e__ _r. _. «ic.ri.niu.a.t!m.. o.mnea spirtus dze.monea vocal:., § A Jove ad Infero, pulsl, 
OEc. e a)e u:ratl$. aoest mini (l|Vllla sorte toemomum quoddarn a prima puerltia me secutum» 
s.pe dissuader, impcllit noununquam instar ov-I'laIo Ar.i'ma llb u d ...... " »-', - o  • 



lem. 1.8ubs. _,o.] 2Vature of Slr-2. 121 

ASTfivocators, as Apo]lo Pythius, and the like. The thrt! are those vesscl. 
of auget, iaventors of all mischief; as that Theutus in Plato; Esay calls them 
»veels of fi,ry; their Prince is Belial. The fourth are malicious revenging 
Devils; and their Prince is Asmodoeus. The fifth kid are cozeners, such 
as belong to hIagicians and ,Vitches; their Prince is Saton. Tbe six'th aro 
those aerial devils that qcorrupt the air and cause plagucs, thundcra, rires, &c. ; 
spoken of in the Apocalypse, and Paul to the Ephesians names them tho 
Princes of the air; Meresin is heir Prince. The seventh is a destroycr, 
Captain of the Furies, causing wal-s, tumults, combustions, uproars, mentioned- 
in the Apocalypse; and called Abaddon. The eighth in that accusing or 
caIumniating Devil, xvhom the Greeks call ,=o0, that drives meu to 
despair. The ninth are those tempters in several kinds, and their Prince is 
]SIammon. Psellus makes six kinds, yet none above the lIoon : Wierus in 
Pseudomonarchia Doemonis, out of an old book, makes many more divisions 
and subordinations, with their several names, numbers, offices, &c., but Gazoeus 
cited by "Lipsius will bave ail places full of Angcls, Spirits, and Devils, abovo 
and beneath the Moon, ° oetherial atd aerial, which Austin cites out of Varro 
1. vil de Civ. Dei, c. 6. "The cclestial Devils above, and aerial beneath," or, 
t%s some vill, gods above, Semidei or ha|f gods beneath, Lares, l{eroes, Genii, 
which climb higher, il' they lived well, as the Stoies held ; but grovel on tbe 
ground as they were baser in their lires, nearer to the earth : and are Maue, 
Lemures, Lamine, &c. t Tbey xvill bave no placê but all full of Sl, irits, 
Devils, or some other inhabitants; Plenum Çoelum, ner, aq*, terra, et omnl¢t 
sub terrâ, saith Gazoeus; though Anthony Rusca in his book de lnferno, lib. 
v. cap. 7. would confine them to the Iniddle Region, yet they will hure them 
eve,Twhere. "ot so much as a hair-breadth empty in heaven, earth, or 
waters, above or under the earth." The air is hot so full of flies in summer, 
as itis ai all rimes of invisible devils : thi *Paracelsus stiffiy maintaias, and 
that they bave every one their several Chaos. others will bave infinite worlds, 
and each wox'ld his peculiar Spirits, God 6 Angela, and Dcvils to govera and 
punl.sh if. 
« Slng'ula * nonnulll credunt qloqe aidera poB 
]Dici orbes, tcrramque appcllant sidus opacum 
Cui minimUs div/m pt'eit." 
 .gome person believe each star to bc • world, and thi earth an opaque star, ovcr wlfich the 
gott 
 Gregorius Tholsanus makes seven kinds of œetherial Spirits or Angcl., 
accordiug to the number of the seven Planers, Saturnine, Jovial, ]Hartial, 
vhich Crdan discometh lib. xx. de subtil, he culls them subs«ls primes, 
Olymlco dcemanes Tritemius, qui præsunt Zodiaco, &c., and will bave them 
tobe good Angels above, Devils beneath the hloon, their several names ami 
offices he there sets down, and which Dionysius of Angels, will bave several 
spirits for seveml eountries, men, offices: &e., vhich ]ive about them, and as so 
many assisting powers cause their ol)erations, will bave in a word, innumerable, 
as many of them as there be Stur- in the Skies.  Marcilius Ficinus seems 
to second this opinion, out of Plato, or from himself I know hot, (still ruling 
their inferiors, as they do those under them again, ail subor4inate, ad th 
nearest to the eah rule us, whom we subdivide into good and bad angels, call 
gods or devils, as they help or hurt us, and so adore love or hate) but it 
most likely from Plao, ïr he relying wholly ott Socrates, quem moe'i potiu« 
quam mentiri voluisse scribit, whom he says would rathcr die than tell a ridse- 
hood out of Soerateg authority aloe i ruade nine kinds of them : which opinion 
 Vasa lrœe. c. 13. q QuIbus daturn est nocere terroe et mati, &c.  Physlol. Stolcorum è Senec. |ib. 1. 
cap. 28. • Usque ad lunam animaS esse oethereas vocarique heroas» lareS, genios. Mart. C,*pell,. 
e Nihil vacuum ab hl ubi vel capUlum in aere vel aqua Jaeea. z Lib. de Zilp. 
 Lib. 7. cap. 34 et 5. Syntax. art. mirab. " Comment lu dial. Plat. de amore, cap. 5. Ut p...v.ra quoelibc| 
super no ira lr.-,tanUores habent habitatoa su sphr -- conforte,% ut lmbct nostra. 



bclike Socrates took from Pythagoras, and he ri'oto Trismegistus, he from 
Zoroaste3, first God, second idea, 3. Intelligences» 4. Arch-Angels, 5. Augel.% 
6. Devils, 7. Heroes, 8. Principalities, 9. Princes: ofwhich some were abo- 
lutely good, as gods, some bad, some indifferent inter deos et lwmiies, as herocs 
and doemons, which ruled mcn, and were called genii, or as *Proclus and 
Jarablichus will, the middle betwixt God and men. lrincipalities and lrinees, 
,vhich commanded and s.vayed Kings and countries; and had sevcral places 
in the Sphcres pel'haps, for as every sphere is higher, so hath it more excellent 
inhabitants: which belike is that Galiloeus à Galileo and Kepler aires at in 
his Iquncio Sydcrio, when he will have "Saturnine and Jovial inhabitants: 
an,1 which Tycho ]3rahé doth in some sort touch or insinuate in one of 
Epistles : but thcse things Zanchius justly explodes, cap. ô. lib. 4. 1 . hIartyr. 
in 4. Sain. 28. 
So that accor, ling to thcse men tha nu:nber of oethcrial spirits must needs 
be infinite: for if tiret be true that somc of our matbematiciaus say : if n stone 
couhl fall from the starry heaven, or eighth sphere, and should pa.ss every hour 
an hundred mlles, it wouhl be 65 years, or more, before it would corne to 
ground, big reason of the great distance of heven from earth, which eoltzins 
as some say 170 millions 803 mlles, besides those other hcavens, whether they 
be crystalline or watery which Maginus adds, which peradventure holds as 
much more, how many such spirits may it contain ? And yet for all this 
"Thomas Albert«ts, raid most hold tlmt there be far more autels than devils. 
,b'ublunm T devils, and their kinds.] But be they more or less, Quod 
ws n{hil ad nos (what is beyond our comprehension does hot concern us). 
l[owsoever as Martianus fooli»hly supposeth, Elherii Dce»w»wz wn cura«$ 
res Au»mnas, they care hot for us, do hot attend out actions, or look for us, 
those oethel5al spirits have other worhls to reign in belike or business to follow. 
"We are only now to spcak in brief of these sublunary spirits or devils: for 
the rest, out divines determine that the Devil had no power over stars, or 
heavens; Car»dni5us ccdo possum deducem lunam, &c. (by their chaans 
(verses) they can seduce the moon from the heavens). Those are poetical 
fictions, and that they can *dztere aquam fluviis, e$ vertere sidera 'etro, &c., 
(stop rivers and turn the stars backwards in their courses)as Canadia in 
]=[,,race, 'ris all false aThey are confined until the day ofjudgmcnt to this 
sublunary world, and can work no farther thau the for elements, and as God 
pcrmits them. Wherefore of these sublunary devils, though others divide them 
otherwise according to their several places and offices, 1)oellus makes six kinds, 
fiery, aerial, terrestrial, watery, and subterraneatt devils, besides those fairies» 
sat) rs, nyml,hs , &c. 
Fiery spirits or devils are sueh as commonly work by blaz[ng stars, tire- 
drakes, or ignesf«tui; which lead men often i«flumina aut lorœecipitia, saih 
Bodine, lib. 2. Theat. naturoe, tbl. 221. Qvos inqui$ a'cere si volvm via$,'es, 
clarâ vooe Deum appellare, aut pronam fa terran contijente adoram oportet, 
et lwc anuletun m«joribus notris acceptum ferre debemus, &c., (whom if tra- 
reliefs wish to keep off they must pronounce the naine of God with a clear 
voice, or adore him with their aces in contact with the grouad, &c.); likewiso 
they counterfeit suns and moons, stars oftentimes, and sit on ship toasts: I, 
navigiorum summitatibus visuntur; and are called dioscuri, as Eusebius L 
contra Philosophos, c. xlviii, ir'ormeth us, out of the authority of Zeuophanes ; 
or little clouds, ad motzm nescio teen volantes; which never appeax, saith 

* Lib. de Arnica. et dmmone med. Inter deos et homines, dicta ad nos et nostra oequaliter ad deos ferunt. 
• Saturninas et Joviales accolas. " In loca detrtmi sunt infra OEleste$ orbes in aerem cilicet et infra ubi 
Judicio generali reservantur. =q. 36. art. 9. b Virg. 8. Eg. • ff..n. $.  Attstin : hoc dixi, ne 
quis existlmet habitare lb| mala d:emonia ubl Solem et Lunam et Stella Deus ordinavit, et alibi nemo 
arbitrarctur Doemoncm coelis habit, are cure Angells suis tmde lapsum ere.dimtm. Idem Zanch. I, . c. 3. d@ 
Augel. malis. Pcreritm în Gea. ca. 6. lib. 8. lu vt:r. 2. 



Cardan, but they signify some mischicf or other fo corne nnto men, thogh 
agaia will bave thcm to pretend good, and victory to tha side thcy corne 
towards in sea rights, St. Elmo's rires thcy commoniy call them, and they do 
likely appear after a sea storm; Radzivillius, tho Po|onian duke, cMls this 
apparition, Saucti German sidas; and saith moreovcr that he saw tho saine 
after in a storm as he was sailing, 1582, from Alexandria fo P, hodes.  Out 
stofics arc fui| of such apparatious in ail kinds. $ome think they keep their 
rcsidenco in that ttecla, a mountain in Iceland, ,Etna in Sicily, Lipari, Vcsu- 
vius, &c. These devils wer worshipped heretofore by that supettitiou- 
no,o,,,« and the like. 
Aerial sI,irits or devils, are such as keep quarter most par in the tait; 
cause mmy tempests, thunder, and ligiltnings, tear oaks, rire steeples, bouses, 
strike mon and beasts, make if tain stones, as in Livy's rime, wool, frogs, &c. 
Counterfeit armies in the air, strange noises, swords, &c., as at Vienna beIbre 
the coming of the Turks, and many times in Rome, as Scheretzius 1. de spccr. 
c. 1. part. 1. Lavater de spect, part. 1. c. 17. Julius Obsequens, an old 
loman, in his book of prodigies, ab nrb. cond. 505. Iachiavel bath illus- 
traed by many examples, and Josephus, in his book de bello Judaico, before 
the destruction of Jerusalem. Ail which Guil. Postelhs, in his first book, c. 7, 
de orbis concordi', useth a an cffectual argument (as indeed it is) to persuade 
them that will hot belicve there be spirits or dcvils. Tlley cause whirlwinds on 
a sudden, and tempestuous storms; which though out mcteorologists geuerally 
refer to natural cauoes, yet I ara of Bodine's mind, Theat. qat. 1.2. thev aro 
more offert caused by those aerial devils, in their several quarters; for 
pestatibus se ingerunt, saith + Rich. Argentine ; as when a dcsperate man makea 
away with himself which by hangiug or drowning they frequently do, as Korn- 
raannus observes, de mirac, mort. part. 7, c. 76. tripudiun agentes, dancing 
and rejoichg af he dcath of a sinner. These can corrupt the air, and cause 
1)lague sickness, storms, shipvrecks, rires, inm,dations. Af 5Ions Draconis 
in Italy, thm is a most memorable example in Jovianus 1%ntanus: and 
nothing so fami|iar (if we may believe those relations of Saxo Gmmaticus, 
Olaus 5Iaus, Damianus A. Goes) as for witches and sorcers, in Lapland, 
Lithuania, aud ail over Scandi, fo sell winds to mariners, and cause tempests, 
hich BIarcus Paulus the Venetian relates likewise of the Taars. Ïhe 
kind of dcvils are much 'delighted in sacrifices (atith Porphiry), held all thu 
world in awe, and had several names, idols, sacrifices, in Rome, Greece, Egypt, 
and at this day tyrannise over, and deceive those Ethnics and Indians, being 
adored and worshipped for gods. For the Gentiles' gods were devils 
STrismegistus coufesseth in his Asclepius), and he himself couId make them 
corne to their images by marc spells: and are now as mueh "respected by 
our papists (saith Pictorius) under the naine of saints." These are they 
which Cardan thinks desire so much caxnal copulation with witches(Incubi and 
Sttccubi), transform bodies, and are so very cold if they be touched  and that 
serve macians, tIis father had one ofthem (as he is hot ashmned to relate'), 
an aerial devfl, bound to him f.»r twenty and eight years. As Agrippa's dog 
had a devil tied to his collar; some think that Paracelsus (or else Erastus 
belies him) had one confined to lfis sword pummel; others wear them in rings, 
&c. Jannes and Jambres did many things of old by their help; Simon :S[agus, 
Ciuops, Apollorùus Ïianeus, Jamblichus, and Tritemius of lute, that sho cd 

* Pertgr«m. I]!erosol. * Fite-worhp, or div|nnt¢ra by Ire. t Dorons dirunnt, mnros 
Immiscent se turblntbus et proeellls et puiverem instar columnoe evehunt. Cicogua 1. . c. 5. 
e Quest. In t.iv. " De pr-'v-tiglis dœemonum, e. 16. Convelli cuimina riderons, prosternt sata, &c.. 
 De belio Neapolltano, l|b. 5. i ttflttibu gandent. Idem Justln. Martyr Apolog. pro Christian|s. 
 In Del lmitattonem, eaitla Euseblns.  Dit geatium Dœemonia, &c. ego In eorum statua pellexL 
t Et nunc tub divorum nomine coltmtur  Pontificiis. ' Lib. 11. de rerum ver. 



Digression «,]',Kl)î4g. [Part. 1. Sec. 

,[axilnilian tho emperor his wife, after sho was dca,1 ; Et verrucam in colla 
ejus (saith nGodolman) sa much as the wart in her neck. Delrio, lib. ii. hath 
divers examples of their fe.ats: Cicogna, lib. iii. cap. 3. and Wierus in 
book de lreestig, dcemonum. Joissardtts de nagls et renâcle. 
Water-devils are those Naiads or water nymphe which have been heretoforo 
eonversmat about waters and rivers. Tho watcr (as Paracdsus thinks) is thcir 
chaos, wherein they lire; saine call them iairies, and say that Habundia is 
their queen; these cause inuudations, many times shipwrecks, attd deceive 
men divers ways, as Succuba, or otherwise, appearing most part (saith ïrite- 
mius) in women's shapes, °larucelsus ]aath several stories of them that haro 
lived and been married to mortal men, and so continued for certain years with 
them, and after, upon some dislike, have forsaken them. Such a one as 2Egeri;r, 
with whom lluma was so tamiliar, Diana, Cerfs, &e. POlaus hlagtms bath 
long narration of one I{oherus, a king of Sweden, that having lost his com- 
pany, as he was hunting one day, met with these water nymphe or tai,'ies, and 
was feasted by them; and tIector Boethius, of Macbeth, and Banquo, two 
Scottish lords, that as they were waudering in the woods, had their/brtuncs 
told them by three stmnge women. To these, heretofore, they did use to 
sacrifice, by that bSot*,=,*, or divination by waters. 
ïerrestrial devils are those «Lares, Gcnii, Fauns, Satyre, « Wood-nymphs, 
:Foiiots, Fairics, Robin Go»diillows, Trulli, &c., which as they are nmst con- 
reliant with men, so they do them most harm. Some think it was they alone 
that kept the heathen people in awe of old, and had so many idols and templcs 
erected to them. Ofthis rangewas Dagon a,nongst the lhilistines, Bel amougst 
the 13abylonians, Astartes amongst the Sidonians, Baal amongst the 
titans, Isis aud Osiris amongst the Egyptiaus, &e. ; some put out qikiries into 
this rank, which bave been in former times adored with much superstition, 
with sweeping their bouses, and setting of a pail of clean water, good victuuls, 
and the like, and then theyshould hot be pinched, but find money in their shoes, 
and be fortunate iu their enterprises. ïhese are they that dauce on heaths 
and greens, as 'Lavater thinks with Tritemius, and as "Olaus :SIagnus adds, 
leave that green circle, which we commonly fiad in plain fields, which othcrs 
hold to proceed from a meteor falling, or some accidental rankness of tho 
g,'ound, so nature sports hetself ; they are sometimes seen by old women and 
childrcn, lIierom, lauli, in his description of tho cit.y of t3ercino in Spain, 
relates how they bave been familiarly seen near that town, about tbuntains and 
hills; _A'onnmquart (saith Tritemius) irt sua latibula wntium siml»liciores 
lwminas ducmtt, stupenda mirantibus ostendentes miracuht, wlarum sonitus, 
spectacula, &c: Giraldus Cambrensis gives instance in a monk of Vales thaç 
was sa deluded. Paracelsus reckons up many places in Germany, where thcy 
da usually walk in httle conte, saine two feet long. A bigger kind there is of 
them called with us hobgoblins, and Robin Goodfllows, that would in those 
superstitious rimes griud corn for a mess of milk, cut wood, or da any manncr 
of drudgery work. They would mend old irons in those 2Eolian isles ai Lipari, 
former ages, and bave been often seen and heard. "Tholosanu callsthem 
£rnllos and Getulos, and saith, that in his days they were common in many places 
of France. Dithmarus 131eskenius, in his description of Iceland, reports for 
¢et¢ainty, that almost in every family they bave yet saine such familiar spirite 

 Lib. 3. cap. 3. de mng's et venefiels, ic. ereldes. e Lib. de Zilpbls. P Lib. 3. q Pro salure 
hOminum exctlbare se illlU|allt sed in eorum perniciem omnia moliuntur. Aust. * Dryades, 0riades, 
]famadryades. f Elvas O]aus vocat lib. 3. t lart. 1. cap. 19. • Lil. . cap. 11. E]varmn 
chorea80laus lib. . voctt s&ltum ttdeo profundè lt terras imprlmtlnt, ut locus insigni deinceps viro.e 
orbicularls sit, et gramen nOn pereat.  Sometirles they eeduce too simple men into their mOuntain retrcat«, 
where they exhlbit wonderful slghts to their marvelling eyes, and astonish ,heir ears by the sound of belt 
&c. « Lib. de Zilph. et l'igrnœis Olaus lib. 3. • Lib. 7. cap. 11. qui et in famulitio virls et fmin 
i»erviunt» cot¢lai copts p,t'ant, patlnas mundant, llgna portnt» equos ctu'ut æ 



]$Icm. 1. Subs. 2.] 

125 

and Foelix hlalleolus, in hls Look de crudel dvemo, affirms as m,,ch, that these 
Trolli or Telchiues are very common iu Norway, "and "seeu fo do ddge 
work ;" fo draw water, mith Wierus, 15. i. cep. 22. dress mt, or aay such 
thing. Another rt of these there are, which frequent forlorn z hottçes, which 
the Itians call foliots, most part innoxio, * Cardan holds; "They 'ill make 
strange noises in the night, howl metimes pitifidly, and then la:tgh again 
cause great flame and sudden ]ights, fling stone rattle chain shave men, 
open doem and shut them, fliug down plattel, stools, ehests, som,.times appât 
in the likeaess of haro, crows, black dogs, &c." ofwhich rd " Pet. Thyroeas 
the ŒEesuit, in h Tract. e& ioEt, part. 1. et cap. 4, who MIl hure them 
fo  devila or the aouls of damned men thaç ek revenge, or else souls out of 
purgtory that seek e-aoe; for sueh examples peruse" Sigismundus Seheretzius, 
lib. de sptris, part 1. e. 1. which he saith he took out of Luther most part 
there be mnyi»stnoes. PliniusSecundus oemembers such a bouse at Atheng 
wbich Athenodor fle philosop]ler hired, which no man durst inhabit for leur 
of deviis. Austin, t Cie. Dei, lib. 22, cap. 1. relates  mueh of Hespefiua 
the Tribune'a house, at Z«beda, near their eity of ippos, vexed with evil 
sl»iris , fo his grt hindmnce, Cure «ictio anilium et servum 
Iany such instances are to  rem in Ei, lerius Formicar, l. 5. cap. xii. 3. 
&c. Whether I may oeil these Zim and Ochim, which Iiah, cap. xifi. 21. 
speaks of, I muke n doubt. Sec more of theoe in the 
spot. eaU. 4. he  full of examples. The kinds of devih many rimes appât 
t » men, and affright them out of their wits, sometimes walking at "nn-day, 
sometimes af night counterfeiting dead mes ghoets,  that of Caligul 
which (saith Suetoni) w n to walk in Lavinia's garden, where his body 
w bm'ied, spirits hauuted,.and the houso where he died, 
« traactt, do in« consumpta; every night this hapned, there w 
no qetne, till the bouse w burned. About ed in Iceland, ghosts com- 
monly walk, ani»s wrtuorum muntes, ith Joh. Anan. lib. 3. « nat. 
«m. Ola, l. 2. cap. 2. ataL 2'allopid. l.  apparit, spir. A%r, tmann 
e sirac. t. pt. 1. p. 44. sueh aight.s are frequently oeen r sehra 
et sr, ith vat. l. 1. cap. 19. in monteries ami about ehurch- 
yards, Noe aludbwsa, aspla oed, s»litar, a coee hominum tata, &c. 
(mumhes, great buildings, solitary plaoes, or remarkuble as the soene of me 
murdea. Thyreus udds,  gravius Tcatum t 
l»um o2prse$ et u iW 1gtbint (where some vert heiaous cme 
w oemmitd, there the.impious and infamo genemlly dvell). The spkits 
ofn foœetel men's dths byseveral sis, knkg,ganings, &e.,  though 
ich. Argentine, e. 18.  prœestigi doenum, will efibe these preetions 
to good gels, out of the authoty of Fieius and others 
l»im i coiunt, &c. (prodigiea frequently oceur ut the deaths of 
illtrio men),  in the teraa chureh   Rome, the po¢ deaths are 
foreld by Sylvesr's mb. Near Rupes Nova in Filand, in the kgdom 
of Sweden, there is a lake,  which, betbre the governor of the castle dies, 
poetrum, in the habit of ion with bis harp, appears, mtd mak exoeBent 
mtui% like those blks in Cheshe, whidt (they y) p]«g deuth to thc 
mter of the family or that "oak in Lathadran park in Cornwall, whicb 
tbreshows as much. Iany tmilies i Europe are  put  d ofthek las 
by such predietion and many mea are forewarned ( we may believe Paceus) 

= Ad minlsterla utntnr, • Where treaeare ! nid (s s0me thlnk) or sme murdcr, Or e like vllly 
eommitted. * Lib. 16. de rerum vaetat, s Vel iri sont hujusmo damnatoru vel è pgatori% 
• "el Ipsl mon e. . • Quidmn lemur domtiç Instrumenti noctu ludt : patin olla 
lh, et i$ v deJc et quidam voc emlttunt, ejulan um itt &c. ut can ni fel 
v fofls, &c. n Epht. Hb. 7. * Merional Dæmon Cicoa  them oe AltoE 1.3 p. 9. 
• Sueton. c. 9. In Cale,la.  S{rozzi Cico b. 3. mag. cap. .  Id c.  * . Cew, 
lt y Of CoI'uw» Hb.  foo 



by thmiliar spirits in divers.shapcs, as cocks, crows, owls, which oftcn hovcr 
about sick men's chambers, vel quia norlentium fceditatem sentiuut, as « Bara- 
callus conjectures, et ideo super tectum infirmorum erocitant, because they smell 
a corse; or for that (as « 13ernardinns de 13ustis thinketh) God permits the 
devil go appear in the ferre ofcrows, and such like creaures, te scare such as 
lire wickedly here on earth. A litle bcfore Tully's death (saith t'lutarch) tho 
crows marie a mighty noise about him, tumultuosèperstrepentes, they pulled the 
pillow ftam under his head. Ilob. Gaguim|s hist. Franc. lib. 8, telleth such 
anoher wonderful story ai the death of 3ohalmes de Monteforti, a French lord, 
arme 135, tanta corvorum multitttdo cedibus »wrientis itsedit, quattam esse 
Gallia nemojudicâsset (a multitude of ctws alighted on the honse of the dying 
nmn, such as no one imagined existed in France). 8uch prodigies are verv 
frequent in au,hors. 8ce more of these in the s:ti,l Lavater, TlqlreUs de loc.i 
i,oEestis, part 3, cap. 58. lictorius, Delrio, Ci«o.qna, lib. 3,cap. 9. /çecromancers 
take upon them te raise and hy thcm ai their pleasures: and se likewise 
t,hose which llizaldus calls Ambulones, that walk about midnight on gtat 
heaths and desert pl:tces, which (saith  Lavatcr) "draw men out of the way, 
and lead them ail night a bye-way, or quite bar them of their way ;" these 
llave several names in several places; we comlnonly call them lucks. In the 
deserts of Lop, in Asia, such illusions of walking spirits are offert perceived, 
you may read in M. laulus, the Venetian hi. travels; if one lose his company 
by chance, these devils will call him by lais naine, and counterfeit voices of his 
companions te seduce him. Hieronym. Pardi, in his book of the hills of Spain, 
rclas of a great t naount in Cantabria, where such spectrums are te be seen 
L«ivater and f2icogna bave variety ofexaml,les of spirits and walking devils in 
this kind. Somelimes theysit by the highway side, te give men f, dls, and nmke 
their horses stumble and start5 as they ride (if you will believe the relation of 
t.hat holy man Ketellus in * Iqubrigensis, that had tre especial grace te sec 
dcvils, Gratiam divinitus collatam, and talk with them, Et imloavidus cure sli- 
'itibus sernwne.m «tlscere, withou offence, and if a man cttrse or spttr his herse 
for stumbling, they de heartily rjoice ai if.; with many such prety feats. 
Subterranean devils are as common as the rest, and de as much harm. 
Olaus Iagnus, lib. 6, cap. 19, makes six kinds of thenl; seine bigot, seine 
less. These (saith  Munst.er) are comtnonly seen about mines ofmeta.ls, and 
are seine of them noxious; seine again de no havre. The metal-men in many 
places account if good luck, a sign of treasure and rich ore when they seo 
them. Georgius Agricola in his book de subterraneis animntibus, cap. 37, 
reckons two more notable kinds of them, which he calls  Getuli and Cobali, 
both " are clothed after the manner of metal-men, and will many rimes 
iiuite thcir works." Their oflîce, as Pictoritts and laracelsus think, is te 
keep treasure in the earth, that it be no ail ai once revealed; and besicles, 
' Cicogna avers that they are the frequent causes of those horrible earth- 
quakes "which offert swallow up, net only bouses, bu whole islands ana 
¢ities;" in his hird book, cap. 11, he gives many instances. 
The last at conversant about the centre of the earh te torçure the seuls 
of damned men te the day of judgment ; their egresz and regress seine sup- 
pose te be about 2Etna, Lipari, lous Hecla in Iceland, Vesuvius, Terra del 
Fuego, &c., because many shrieks and frful cries are continually heard there- 
abouts and fmiliar appas'liions ofdcad men, ghosts and goblins. 

tHorto Ger, iali, folio 137. g l'art. 1. c. 19. Abducunt Ces à recta via, et vlam iter facientibs |nter- 
eludunt.  Lib. 1. cap. 44. D.'emonum cernuntur et audiultur ibi frcquentes illusiones s unde viatoribus 
¢vendum ne r,c dlsocieut, sut  tergo maneant, voces enim fingunt socioram, ut  recto itmere abducant, 
&c. « Mons sterills et nlvosus, ubi intempesta nocte umbroe apparent. * Lib. 2. car 21 Offendieu| 
faciunt transeuntibus in a, et petulanter rdet cure vol bommcm vol jumentnm ej«s perles atterere faciant 
et max|mè si h»mo malcdi¢tis et calcaribus soevtat.  In Cosmogr. » Vestiti nmre metailicorum, gestus 
et opera eorum imitantur.  Immis,o in tcrræ carceros vento horribiles terr motus OEciunt» quibtm 
pe noa domus modo et tu|Tes: eed civitatca integroe et iasul hut« ettnt. 



T/wir O.ffïees, Operatons, Stu, ly.] Thus the devil reimas, and in a thonsan,l 
several shapes. " a roaring lion still seeks whom he may devour," 1 Pet. v., 
1,y eartb, sea, land, air, as yet uneonfined, though %orne will have his pmper 
1,lace the air; ail that spaee between us and the moon for thcm that tran 
gressed let, and hell $»r tho wickedesç of them, H vdut in earce adfin 
nundi, tu in 1,cum fu,restiem trudendl,  Anstin holds  Civit. Dei, c. 
22, lib. 14, cap. 3 et 23; but be where he will, he ageth while he may to 
eomfort himself,  * Lacntius thiuks, with other men's falls, he labours MI 
heoEn to bring them into the me pif of perdition with him. « For *men's 
miseries, calamities and rns aoe the devil's banqueting dish." By many 
temptations and several engines, he eks to captivate ont souls. The Lord 
«,f Lies, ith » Austin, " As he was deived himselE he seeks fo dciv¢ 
othe, the ringleader o ail naughfins,  he did by Eve and Cain, Sodom 
and Gomorrah, so would he do by ail the world. Sometimea he temp by 
c»vetousn drunkenness, pleure, pfi,lc, &e., erg, dejeets, saves, kills, pro- 
teck, and rides some men,  they do their horses. He stud[es out overçhrow, 
and generally ks our dstletion ;" and although he pregend many imes 
human good, and vindeate himself for a go,1 by curing of veral diseases, 
œegs sanitatem,  coecis laminis tsu rit.ue,  Austin declares, lib. 10, 
de Civlt. 1)ei, cap. 6, as Apollo, sculapius, Isis, of old bave done; ver 
plagu, assist them in wa» pretend their happiness, ye niltR his i»tpaus, 
sceztius, ihil hano gene infti, nothing so impure, nothing so per- 
nicio, as may wdl appear by their tyrannical and bloody sacrifioes of mea 
to turn and Moloch, which aoe still in e among those barbarous Indians, 
their several deeeits and cozenings to kp men in obedicnce, their falso 
oracles, mcrifices, their superstitious impositions of fasts, penu, &a Heresies, 
sutitious observations of meats, rimes, &c., by which they « crucify the souls 
of mortal men, as shall be showed in out Treate of Religious Ielancholy. 
lodico adh tempoe'e nitur maligna, as "Bemard exptaseth it, by God's 
permission he rageth a while, herfter to be coufiaed to heH aa«l darkues, 
"which is prepared for him and his angels," 5Iat. xxv. 
ow ar their power doth extend it is hard to dotermine; what the ancienta 
hdd of their e:cts, foroe and opemtions, I will briefly show you : Plato la 
Cfitias, and after him his followem, gave out that thcse spirits or de,s, "wero 
men's veors and keers, out lords and mastem,  we are of our cattle." 
"'They govern provinces and kingdoms by omcles, auguries, drms, rewards" 
and pishmeuts, prophecies, inspirations, crifioes, and rdigious supersti- 
tiom, varied in as alany forms as there be divemity of spirits; they nd wars, 
plagu, peace, sickn, heahh, dearth, plenty,  Adsnt hjam nob, 
tan, et arbitrant, &c. as appears by those histories of Thucydid, Livius, 
Dionysius Halicamassus, -ith many others thuç aoe full of their wondehl 
stratagems, and wet themfore by thooe Roman and Gk commonwealtha 
adored and worshipd fi»r go( with prayers and sacrifie, &c.  In a word, 
ih is quwrunt qm »tam  admiratnem minum ; "and s anothet 
bath if, ici non l)st, qn iatpotenti ardore i Iwmi, dominiun, et 

* IllrOrao in 3. Ephe$. ldera Mieh.elis. c. 4. fie iritih. Idem Th)e de ! infest.  Laettiç 
2. fie origine eofis cap. 15. hi maligni spiritus per omnem terrain vagantur, et solatium perditionis 
perdendia hominibm operantur. * blortalium ealamito epuloe sunt malotru monu,n, 8ynius. 
, Domin mendacii à seipso decept, alios degipere cupit, adverrius humani generia, lnventor morti 
surbioe inatitutor, radix malitiœe, celerum eapu princeps oto nium vitiorum, fuit indc in Dei contumeliam 
hominum peiciem: de Iom conatib et operationibus lege Epiphanium. 2 l'oto. b. 2. Dionyium. 
c. g. Ambros. Eplatoi. lib. 10. ep. et 8. August. de ciç. Dei lib. .  9. lib. 8. p. 22. iib. 9. 18. lib. 10. 
beopll.  12. at. Fasil. ep. 14L Leonem Ser. OEheodoret. in 11. Cor. ep. 22. Cya. hom. b3.  12. 
Gcn. Greg. In 1. c. Joim. Barthol. de prop. 1.  c. 20. Zanch. I. . de malis angelis. erer. in Gen. !. 8. in 
optatos soepe proent suec Pet. Mar. in Sain. &c. Rtm de lvferno, q Et velut mancipin eircum- 
fert Fs. t Lib. de ffns, tout. e. ep. • Ctod ant hominum» et rum, t n imium: 
tutu et prodneiis proepositl nt auri somnU oraeuli proemii &e. t Lypsius Fhyaiol. Stoi 
b. 1. cap. 19. • Leo Suave. idem et Tl'itcmi. v ,, hcy eeeg uotoEng me e'atly tà 
d 4'ation of m." 



118 Digression of oE,i,.it. [Par. 1. Sec. 
ivinos cultos maiçnl spitu.ç 'ctent.  T»'itmlus in ]»is bnlz 
s«undls, igns names to sueh angels  are gverno of partieular provinces, 
by what authority I know hot, and v them oeveral jurisdietions. 
piades a Gcian, Rabbi Achiba theffe v, A braham AvenoEra, and RabbiAzariel, 
Arabians, (as I find them clted by "Cicogna) farther add, that they are hOt out 
goveors only, ,Sd e eorum eoncord et dcordiâ, boni et mai 
OE,anant, but  they agr,  do we and onr pn, or disaee; stand or 
fall. Juno was a bitter enemy fo Trny, Apollo a good fi'ieud, Jupiçer iudiffe 
ent, qua Venus eu, l'als iulq« .fu; some are for us stiil, some 
against u Pre»wnte Deg,rt Det alto @e Religion, policy, pubfic and 
l,riva quart-ris, wars are procured by them, raid they are rdelighted perhaps 
to sec men fight,  men are with oed{s, bulls, and dogs, bears, &c., plaes, 
dhs depend on them, out ,k and alk se, and ahnost ail out other 
ecnliar aoEion tor (as Ant.hony Rusca contends, lib. 5,p. 18, every man bath 
n good and a bad angd attending on him in particular, ail h lifç long, which 
Jamblichns cal m,) preferments, loss, weddings, death oewards 
and punishments, and  "Frocl will, all offices whatsoever, alii gerizem, 
«Hi optera pottam haut, &c., and veral names they give them according 
o their offic«q,  Lares Indegites, Prœestites, &c. When the Aroedes in 
that bate st Chemnoe, which was fonght against King Phfiip for the lirty 
of Greece, had deceitfully carned themoelves, long ater, in the very 
place, Diis GroEclœe êo;qbus (saith mine author) they were miserably slain by 
Xletellus the Roman: so 1oEewloe, in smaller matters, they will bave things 
£dl out,  these boni and ali genli favour or dislike us: $turni n omve- 
çdunt Jial, &c. He that  Satuinus shall never likely be prefcrred. 
"That base fellows are often advanoed, undeseing Gnatho, and cio 
sites, wheoeas disctvet, wise, vh.tuous and worthy men are neglected and unr 
warded; they refer to thooe dominring spirit or subonate Genii ;  they 
are inclined, or Iavour men, so they thrive, are ruled and overcome; for as 
Libanius supposethin oto" ordinary conflic and contentions, Genius enio cit 
et obtemperat, one genius yields and is overcome by another. 1 particur 
events almost they mfcr to these private spirits; and ( Paracelsus adds) they 
diroet, teach, inspire, and instruct men. ever w any man extraordinary 
Eunous in any art, action, or goeat commander, that had not.ft»tigrem 
em to inform him, s uma, Socm and ny such, as Cardan illustrat, 
cap. 128, A rcanis pntiæ , ¢ Spii siquim gratia, si à D do»ta«i" 
assunt magi, à 6'eni coetibus itrui, ab i cer£ But the e most 
erroncous paradoxe, 4ptoE  fabusœee nuoE, rejecd by our divines and 
Christian churches. "Tis te thcy bave, by God's permission, lwer over 
us, and we find by expefience, that they can « ht not out fields only, OEttle, 
good but our bodies and mind At Hammel in Saxony, A»t. 1484, 20 
Junii, the deS, in likeness of a pied pir, cied away 130 children 
vere never after seen. Iany rimes men are "affrighted out oî their wi, 
carried away quite, as Scheretzius fllustrat, l. 1. a iv., and verally mol 
ed by his mns, Plotinus the Platonist, I. 14, advers. G». ug them to 
scorn, that hoid the del or spit4ts can use any such disses. 3Iany think 
he can work upon the body, but hot upon the minoE But expefienoe pro- 
noceth otherwi, that he can wm'k bth upon body and md. Te@ian 
 "]t ls srareely poiVle to defibe the lmptcnt ardour 'ith which te malignant spirigs 
anour of being divinely wotllipped." • Omnif. mag. lib. 2. cap. 23. Y Lu,lus de,»rum sumt. = Lib. 
de anima et dœemone, • Quoti fit, nf Pncip novitiam auiicum divitils et diitibas pene oban 
et mtorum annarum miniature, q non semel pro hero permulum subiR, ne teruntio donen 
Idem. Quad Plxilosophi non remunerentut; cure a et ineptu oh iusatsm jocam soepe proemium 
reporte inde fl e. b Lib. de Cruent. Caaver. • Bolardus c, 6. mis. « Godelman cap. 3. 
lib. I. de Maffis. idem Zanchius lib. . cap. I0 et II. de mal augelis. = Nocva elancltolia furi«»so$ 
OEHcit et qnd penttus lnterficit. G. icolomines Jdemque Zanch, p. I0. lib. 4. si Deus permittat, 
corpo nostr move poss alr uov motborum et mat' g'e r% 



]fem. 1. Subs. 2.] Nau'e oJ 3pir,». 

oï tbis opinion, c. 22. '«Tbat he can cause both sickncss and health," and that 
scmtly. *Taurellus adds "by clancul.r poisons he can infect the bodies, and 
hinder the operations of the bowels, though we perceive it net, closely crêep- 
ing into them," saith Lipsius, and se crucify our seuls: .E$ nocva mehtt- 
cl«dia furiosos eï«t. For being tt spiritual body, he st,uggles with out 
spirits, saith Rogers, and suggests (ccording te *Cardan, verba si voce, 
$pec/es sm vu, envy, ltt, anger, &c.) as he secs mon inclincd. 
The manner how he performs if, Biarmannus in his Oration ag.inst Bodlne» 
sufficiently declares. "]=Ie begins first with the phantasy, and moves thal; 
se strongly, that no reason is able te resist. New the phmtasy he moves by 
mediation of humours; although many physicians are of opinion, that the devil 
can alter the mind, and produce this disease of himself. Quibusdam medicoru 
;isum, saith aAvice**na, qud ]Ielancholia coninga à dw»wnio. Of the saine 
mind is Psellus and Rhasis the Arab. lib. 1. 'rac. 9. Con. " That this 
disease proceeds especially from the devil, sud frein him alone." Arculanus 
cep. 6. n 9. Rhasis, 2Elianus hIontaltus in his 9. cap. Daniel Sennertus l/b. l. 
ï0oEr 2. cap. 11. confirm as much, that the devil eau cm*se this disease ; by 
tesson many times that the parties afiécted prophesy, speak strange language 
but non sne nterverdu humoris, net without the humera; as he interprets him- 
elf; no more doth _vicenna, s eonaga$ à dwmono, suJfici nobis u$ conver- 
rat coml)lexionem ad chleram nlgram, et sit causer jus proloinqua cholera nigra ; 
¢he immediate cause is choler adust, xvhich * lomponatius likewise labours te 
rnake good: Galgerandus of ]Iantua, a famous hysician, se cured a doemoni- 
ac:tl woman in his rime, that spake all languges, by purging black choler, 
and thereupon belike this humour of ]Kelaneholy is called Balneum Diaboli, 
tho Devil's Bath; the devil spying his opportunity of such humours drives 
hem many rimes te despair, fury, rage, &e., mingling himself amongst these 
humomu. This is that which Tertullian avers, C'orporibus in.fligttnt averboa 
¢asus, animceue 'epentn9a, .embra distoruent, occultè 'epentez, &c. and which 
Lemuius goes about te prove, Immiscent se m,di Genii pravis Itu»wribus, atyu 
atïce bili, &c. And °Jason Pratensis, "that the devil, being a slender iucom- 
lrehensible spirit, tan easily insiuuate and wind himself into bureau bodies, and 
cnnningly couched in out bowels vitiate out healths, terrify our seuls with lest- 
fui dreams, and shake our mind with furies." And in another place, "Thes 
unclean spirits settled in out bodies, and new mixed with out melaucholy 
humom, de triumph as it were, and sport themselves as in another hcaven." Thua he argues, dnd that thcy go in and out of our bodies, as becs de in a 
hive, and se provoke and tempt us as they perceive out temperature inchued 
of itself, and most apt te be deluded, °Agrippa and rLavater are peuaded, 
that this humour invites the devil te it, wheresoever it i in extremity, and of 
all other, melancholy persons are most subject te dlabolical temptutions and 
illusions, and most apt te entertain them, and the Devil best able te work upoa 
them. But whether by obsession, or possession, or otherwise, I will net deter- 
mine; 'ris a difficult question. Deh'io the Jesult, 'om. 3. lib. 6. Springer 
and his colleague, all. rdf. Pet. Thyreus the Jesuit, l/b. d dt0n/xds, da 
lo¢is in.]èstis d l'erH.ftcativtibua noctm'ia, Hieronimus Ktengus Flagel. doerr). 

lotit eorp it»flcere.  Irrepent oriu cult morbot fingunt» ment teenl, membra 
çuent. Lips. Phil. Stoic. 1.1. e. 19.  De rerum var. 1.16. c. 93. k Qu mens immediatè decpl 
equl pmum movet phantiam, et lt obtient vanis nceptib aut ut ne quem facttl mativw 
ration lum reiinquat. Spiritus mal vt imam, turbat sensuN  foeor njicit. Austin. de t. 
t. tb..Fen, i. Trct. 4. c. 18.   Done maxime proflcct, et æpe solo. 
• Cœep. de manla Mb. de morbis oereb; D,emon qu sint tenu et inmprehensi Æpitu$»  
s}uar ob humanis pount, et ote la oeb opoe vedlnem vitiare, somni lm 
toeere et ment ob qtere. Inslnnt  meiaucholl penetrib tnt tque coidunt 
et dellclantur nqu in regione claom siderum, contque um fm'e. « Lib. 1. cap. 



130 C,uses of .lleanchoy. [ Par. l. ,S'ec. . 

and others of that rank of pontifical writers, if seems, by their exorcisms and 
comqrations approv of if, havng forged many stories fo that pro'pose..A_ nus 
did eut a lettuce «without grace, or signing it with the siga of the croc, and 
was instantly possessed. Dur.and. lib. 6. 1Ratiotlall. c. 86. qumb. 8. relates that 
he a'tw a wench possessed in Bononia with tvo devils, by eating an unhal]ov¢ed 
pome-ranate, as she did afterwards confess, when she was cured by exorcisms. 
-_nd therefore out :Papists do sign themselvs so oftea ,vth the sign of the 
cross, e deemon i«gredi ausit, and exorcise ail manner of meurs, as bcing 
uaclean or accursed otherwise, as .llarmine dcfends. ]Iany such stories I 
tind amongst pontifical writers, to prove their asse¢ions, let them free their 
own credits; some few I wi]l retire in this kiml outof most approved physicians. 
Oornelius Gcmma lib. 2. de nat. mlrac, c. 4. relates of a young mai I, called 
]atherine Gua]ter, a cooper's daughter, Au. 1571, that had such strango 
passions and convulsions, three men could hot sometimes hold ber; she purged 
a lire eel, which he saw a foot and a half long, and tou,:]wd it hinaself; but the 
eel afterwards vanished; she vomited some twenty-fonr ponnds of ful.some 
stuff of ail colours, twice a day for fourteen days; and after tbat she voided 
great halls of huit, pieces ofwood, pigeons" dung, parchment, goose dung, coals; 
and after them two pounds of pure blood, and then again eoals and stones, of 
which some had inscriptions bigger than a walnut, some of them pieces of 
glas, brass, &c. besides paroxysms of laughing, weeping and ecslasies, &c. JEt 
]toc (inquit) cun horrore vi:li, this I saw with horror. They could do nogood 
on her by physic, but left ber to the clergy. :Marcel]us Donatns llb. 2. c. 1. 
de med. mb'ab, bath such auother story of a country fel]ov, that had four 
knives in his belly, Instar serræ dentatos, indented like a sa% every one a span 
long, and a wreath of hair like a globe, with much baggage of like sort, won- 
derfid fo behold: how it should corne into his guts, he eoncludes, Certè non 
alio qant doemons astutiâ et dolo (could assua'e,lly only bave been through 
the artifice of the devil). Lanus Epist. med. lib. 1. Epi,t. 38. l)ath many 
relations fo this effect, and so bath Christopherus à Vega: Wierus, Skenkius 
Scribonius, all agree that they are donc by the subtilty and illusion of the 
devil. If you shall ask a ressort of this, 'ris fo exercise out patience; for as 
«Tertullian holds, Virtus non est virtus, nsl comparen h.tbet aliqtera, i q,to 
superando rira suara ostendat, 'tis fo try us and out iaith, 'ris for out offcnces, 
and for the punisbment of out sins, by God's permission they doit, Ca'ni.fices 
ndicte justoe Dei, as "Tolosanus styles them, Executioners of his will ; or 
rather as David, Ps. 78. ver. 49. "He east upon them thë fierceness of his 
auget, indignation, wrath, and vexation, by semling out of evil angels:" so did 
he afltict Job, Saul, the Lunatics and doemoniacal persona whom Christ cured» 
2Iat. i. 8. Luke iv. 11. Luke xiik bIark ix. Tobit viii. 3. &c. Tbis, I say, 
happeneth for a punishment of sin» tbr their want of taih, incredulity, weak- 
ness, distrust, &c. 

SUBSECT. III.--Of Witches and Magiqans, Itow they cause Mdancholy. 
o bave brd wat the devil can do of hlmself, no you shall heur what 
he eau perform by h[s instruments, who are many time worse (if if be psible) 
than he himlf, and to tisfy their revenge and hmt cause more mischi 
[ta enim ma n egisset doe»wn, n'i provocatus à sagi,  "Et't 
thinj ranch harm had never been doue, had he hot bn provoke« by wi¢hes 
fo it. He had hot appeared in Samuel's shape, if the Witch of Eudor had 
let him one;  reprented th serpents in Pharo's présence, d aot th 
magiciana urged him unto it; ff b vd homlnib, vd br infld 
{Ertus maintains) d sa9oe quêtent; mes and tle mighg go free, if th 
qGreg. p, c, 9, * ent. da opific. D. L;b. , cap. 2q. tom.  sDe L 



em. 1. Subs. 3.] Nature of Dvigs. 131 

• vitches would let him alone. :5Iany deny witches af all, or if there be any 
thcy can do no harm; of this opinion is Wierus, l/b. 3. cap. 53. deprcrstig, aoem. 
Austia Lerchemer a Dutch writer, Biarmanaus, Ewichius, Euwaldus, out 
countryman Scot; with him in Horace, 

u Somnla, {:errores Magïeon, miracula, sale'a, 
Nocturnos Lemures, porentalUO Thesa&la rlsu 
Excipint.  

Say, can you laugh lndigalant af the schem 
Of magic terrors, visionary dreams, 
Portettous wonders,  itch[ng, [reps of Hell, 
The nightl}" gobhn» and enchanting spell [. 

They laugh at ail such stories; but on the contrary are most lawyers, 
divines, physicians, philosophers, Austin, Hcmingius, Danoeus, Chytroeus, 
Zauchius, Aretius, &c. Dc[rio, Spriuger, * Niderius l. 5. Fornicar. Cuiatius, 
Baolns, cool. 6. tom. 1. Bodine »wnlan. lib. 2. cap. 8. Godelman, Dam- 
hoderiu &c. Paracelsu Erastus, Scribanius, Camerarius, &c. The parties 
by whom the devil dea[s, may be redud to these two, such as command him 
in show at least,  conjurot% and magicians, whose detestab[e and horrid 
mysteries are contaiued in their book called  Arbate[l; mos eaim advo- 
c«i proesto nt, sc exdsmis e cojuranib si cog patiuntur, 
mlseru», agorum genus, in impietate tinea. Or such as are commanded, 
as witches, that dcal ex part« impl&è, or explic'it$,  the tking hath well 
dcfined; mauy subdivisions there are, and many severa[ species of sorcerem, 
witches, enchaatcrs, charmers, &c. Thcy have beeu to[rated heretofo 
some of them; and magic bath been publicly pmfced  former tim, 
in SMamanca, $Cracow, and other places, though ter censmd by 
several »Universities, and now gcnerally contradicted, though practised 
by some still, maiuined and excud, Tanç» r creta q no, nisl 
vlris gn e plia beio de Clo itructls communicur (I use 
Boesaus his words) and so far approved by uome princes, 
au aggred$ i» politi, i» sacr, i coilii¢ si r¢a arbitr; they 
consult sill with them, and date indeed do nothing without their udvice. 
ero and Heliogabal»% 5[axentius, and Julianus Apostata, were never so 
much addicted to magic of old,  some of out modcrn prin and pos 
themselves are now-a-duys. Erricus King of Sweden had au  enchanted cap, 
by virme of which, aud some magical murmur or whisring 
could command spirits, trouble the ai Land make the wind stand which way he 
wouhl, insomuch that vhcn there ws any grcat wind or storm, the common 
people wcre wont to y, the king now had on his conjuriug cap. at such 
exumples are infinite. Thut which they can do, is  much a[moet as the devi[ 
himlf, who is still ady to satisfy their desires, fo oblige them the more unto 
him. They can cuuse tempests, storms, which is amilial'ly practd by 
witches in orway, Ioeland, as I bave proved. They can make kiends 
enemies, and enemies friends by philters; • Turp amies conciliare enfroe 
love, ll any man where his fi'iends are, about whut employed though in th 
most remote plaoes; and if they will, ¢" bring their sveeths to them by 
ight, upon a goat's back flyi»g in the air." Sismund Scheretziu part. 1. 
cap. 9. de spect., repos confidently, that he conferred with sundry such, thag 
had been so caied many m:l, and that he heard witch themselv conf 
 much; hu and infect mea and beasts, vines, corn, tle, plants, mako 
women aboive, hot fo conceive, Sbarren, men and women unapt and unabl% 
married and unmarried, fiy several ways, saith Bodine, lib. 2, c. 2, fly i tho 
air, meet when and where they will, as Çicogna pmves, and Lavat. de 
. 2, c. 17, "steM young children out of their cuoe% min 

* Et quomodo veneflc| fiant enarrat. " De quo plura legas in Bolssardo lib. l. de proestig. 
Jaoeb I»oemonol. 1. l. c. 3.  An university In Spain In old Ctile. The chier town in Polan 
a Oxford and Pas, see fln P. Lombar.  Proefat. 
habebat, quo ventos violetttos c[eret, aerem turbare et in quam paem, &c.  Erres.  Ministec hirci 



132 Cuses o./Mdawt, ol. [Par. 

and put defotvaed in their rooms, which we call changelings, saith § 8cheretzius, 
lart. 1, c. 6, make men victorious, fortunate, eloquent ; and thereforê in thoso 
ancient monomachies and combats they were searched of old, "they had no 
tnagical charms; they can make "stick frees, such as shall endure a rapier's 
point, mtsket shot, and never be wounded: of which rend more in Boissardus, 
cap. 6, de Mage, the manner of the adjuration, and by whom 'ris ruade, where 
and how te be used in exgexlitionibus bdlicis, prwliis, duellis, &c., with ruant" 
peculiar instances and examples; they eau walk in fiery furnaces, make meŒEE 
feel no pain on the wrack, sut ails, torturas s«ntir,; they can stanch blood, 
represent deaà men's shapes, alter and turn themselves and others into severaJ. 
ferres, ai their pleasurês. *&gaberta, a ftmous witch in Lapland, would de as 
much publicly te al1 spectators, Mod Pusilla, mod5 aus, ,nod5 procera ut 
uetcu*, mod5 vacca, avis, coluber, &e. low young, new old, high, low, hke a 
cow, like a bird, a shake, and what net1 she could represent te others what 
ferres they most desired te sec, show thêm fi-iends absent, reveal secrets, 
taxmgt onnium ad»niratlone, &e. And yet for al1 this subtility of theirs, au 
Lypsius well observes, ilysiolog. Stoicor. lib. l, cap. 17, neither these magi- 
cians ner devils themœelves eau take away gold or letters ou of mine or 
Crassus" chest, et Olientdls suis lariri, for they are base, poor, contemptiblo 
fellows most parti as fBodine notes, they can de nothing i Judicum decreta 
aut poenas, in 'egum con¢qlia vd arcana, dhil in errt nummaria aut tltesau- 
vos, they cannot give money to their clients, airer judges' decree or councils 
of kings, these minuti Genii cannot doit, ahiores Genil /toc sibi adservârunt, 
the higher powem reserve these things fo themselves, low and then perad- 
venture there may be some more amous magicians like Simon Magus, :Apol- 
lonius Tyaneus, lasetes, Jamblicus, § Odo de Stellis, that for a rime can build 
castles in the air, represent armies, &c., as they are %nid to bave donc, 
c,mmaud wealth and treasure, feed thousands with all variety of ments upon a 
sudden, protect themselves and their followers from all princes' persecutions, 
by removing ri'oto place to place in an instant, reveal secrets, future events, tell 
vhat is doue in far countries, make them appear that died long since, and do 
raany such miracles, fo the world's terror, admiration and opinion of deity fo 
themselves, yet the devil forsakes them at last, they corne to wicked ends, and 
ru.r5 aut nunçuam such imposters are fo be found. The vulgar sort of them 
can work no uch lents. But to my purpose, they eau, last of ail, cure and 
cause most diseases to such as thcy love or hure, and this of amelancholy 
amongst the test. :Paracelsus, T,. 4, de rbis a»ztium. Tract. 1, in 
express words affirms; Multifaacqnantur in lancholm, many are bewitched 
into melancholy, out of his experience. The saine saith Danoeus lib. 3, de 
sortiwriis. Vidi, mluit , qui Melancholicos norbos gravlssmos induxermt : I 
have seen those that have cauœed melancholy in the most grievous manner, 
• dried up women's paps, cured gout, palsy; this and apoplexy, falling sickness» 
which no physic could help, solo tactu, by touch alone. Ruland in his 3 Cent. 
Cura 91, gives an/nstance of one David Helde, a young man, who by eating 
cakes which a witch gave him, mooe delirare coeit , began fo dote on a sudden 
and was instantly mad: F. H. D. in tHildeheim, consulted about a melan- 
choly man, thought his disease was partly magical, aud pai2ly natural, becaus 
he vomited pieces of iron and lead, and spake such languages as he had never 
bec taught; bu such examples are commo in 8cribanius, Hercules do 

§ Infantea matribus suffursntur, aliIs suppositivis in loctxrn verorum eonectis. =Milles. = D. Lutber 
in primum proeceptum, et Leon. Varius lib. 1. de Fascino. b Lavat. Cicog. • Boisardus de Mage. 
T Doemon. lib. . cap. 3. : Vide æhilo_tratum vita ejus, ]oiasardum de Magie. § Nubrigenses leg 
]ib. i. c. 19. Vide Su]dam de Fuser. De Crueut. Cadaver. «Erstus. Adolphus Scribmxius. a Virg. 
-neld. 4. Incantstrleem deseribeca: Hoec se carminibtm promlttit solvere mentes. Qu ve.lit, t slii# 
durss immlnere curas, • Godelmanmm cap. 7. lib. 1. nutricum mammas lr.siecant, seIo tactu podagram 
av°plexiam laralysi et ali°t m°rbos qca medicLu& cu are non 9otersL f actas mde taaiacu spec. 2. 



axonia, and others. The means by which they work are ,sually chart,:, 
images, as that in IIector 13oethius of King Duftb 
sundry metals, and af such and .such constellations, knots, amulets, words, 
philters, &c., which generally make the parties affected, melancho[y; as 
• 5[onavius discourseth st large in an epiatle of his te Acolsius, giving instance 
in a Bohemian baron that was se troubled by a phi]ter taken. ]ot that there 
is any power ai all in those pells» charme, characters, and barbarous words; 
but that the devil doth use such means te delude them. Utfideles indemag«s 
(saith * Libanius) i, oïcio retineat, tutu ir consortium male.fizctorum vocet. 
S(s.c. IV.--Stars a cause. Sigr fi'om Physogwmy, .]£etoToscoTy , 
Ch5"omancy. 
l.va. causes are either 1)rîmury and universel, or secondary and more 
laarticular. 1)rimary causes are the heavens, planers, stars, &c., by their iaflu- 
ence (as our astrologers hold) producing this and such like effccts. I will net 
here stand te discuss obiter, whether stars be causes, or signe; or te apologi 
for judicial astrology. If either Sextus Empiricus 1)icus Mirandula, Sextua 
ab Heminga, t)ererius, Erastus, Chamb«;rs, &c., hure se £tr prevailed with ay 
man, that he will attribu¢e no virtue st ail te the heavens, or te sun, or moon, 
more than he doth te their s]gus st an innkeeper's post, or tradesman's shop, 
or genera]ly condemn all such astrologi«l aphorisms approved by exper]ence: 
I refer him te Bellantius, 1)irovânus ][arascallcrus, Gclenias Sir Christophe 
I-Ieidon, &c. If thou shalt ask me what I think, I must answer, nain et doctis 
h/sce rrar/bus versaeus sure (for I ara conversant with these learued errors), 
they de incline but net compell no necessity st ail:  agun$ an cogun: an4 
o gentlyincline, that a wise man may resist them i sapies doinabitur astrls: 
they fuie us, but God rules them. Ail ,his (methinls)  Joh. de Indagine bath 
comprised in brief, 
"' Wilt thou know how far the stars wok upon us ? I say they de but incline, 
and that se gently, that ifwe will be m[ed by reason, they have no power over 
as; but if we follow our own natare, and be led by sense they de as much 
us as in brute beasts, and we are no better." Se that, I hope, I may justly 
conclude with  Cajetan, Coelum est voddculum dvinoe vrtutis, g'c., that the 
]eaven is God's instrument, by mediation of which he govens and diposeth 
these elementary bodies; or a great b«,ok, whose letters are the stars (as one 
talle it), wherein are written many strage things for such as cas read, " or 
an excellent harp, ruade by 
llay,.will make most admirable music." But te the purpooe. 
 1)aracelsus is of opinion, "that a physician without the  nowledge of stars 
tan neither understand the cause or cure of any disease, either of this or gout, 
net se much as toothache ; except he ee the pectfliar geniture and scheme of 
¢he party affecte&" And for this pro[»ex malady, he will bave the principal 
and primary cause of it proceed frein the heaven, ascribing more te stars thaa 
humours, "and that the constellation alone many timesproduceth melancholy, 
allother causes set part." te gives instance in lu,atic persons, that are 
deprived of their wits by the moon's motion; and in another place refers all 
te the ascendant, and will bave the true and chief cause of it te be seught frein 
the stars. JNeither is it his opinion on[y but of many Galenists and philoso- 
g 0renie phi|tre es! in[er 
231. Seholtzii. * De Craent. Cadaver.  Astr rcgunt lmrnines, et regit astre Deus.  Chirom. 
db. xoerta , me aantum ope'atu tr! dite, in os thil astre urgere, sed atm« pro¢.lives trahece -. 
qui sic tamen Liberi stmt ut ai dueem sequantur rationem, nihil etclant, sin veto naturam, ld agere 
la brutls fere. • Coelum vehieulum divinoe virtutia, ct0us mediante motu, lumine et influentia, Dus 
elementarl corpora ordmat et dlsponit. Th, de 'io. Cjetanus in Fsa. 10.  5iundus lste quasi lyr 
ch exeelleatlatmo uod«m artifice coucinata uem tal n6rtt mirablles elielet harmonise. J. Dee. Apho- 
risme 11.  5iedieus aine eoeli peritia nihfl est, &c. nisl genesim sciverit, ne tantillum poterit, iib. de 
podag, a Constellatlo in cause est ; et influenti eoeli morbum hune movet interdum, omaibtta 



134 Ca. «,f Af dar'olg. [Part. 1. Sec. 

lhers, though they do hot so peremptorily maintain as much. "This varieLy 
of melancholy symptoms proceeds from the stars," saith ° Melancthon: the 
most generous melancholy, as that of Augustus, cornes from the conjunction of 
Saturn and Jupimr in Libre: the bad,  that of Catiline's, from the meeting 
of Saturn and the moon in Scorpio. Jovianus Ponmnus, in hL tenth boek, 
and thieenth chapter  rebus ctlb, coseth to this purpose at large, 
œe atr6 bi vari geranur rbi, &c., "» many dioees proeeed from 
black choler,  i hall be hot or oe]d ; and though i be ld h its own 
nature, yet i is apt to be heated,  water may be made to boiÇ and burn 
bad  tire; or ruade cold  ice : and thenoe proceed suchvarictyof symptoms, 
me mad, some solitary, some taugh, me ge," &c. Tho OEu of all 
which intemFerance he will have chiefly and primarily pmceed from the 
hvens, "« from the position of MoErs, Sature, and Mcrcury." His aphorms 
be these, « ' ercury in any geniture, ifhe shall be round in Vidéo, or Pisc 
hls opposite ign, and that in the horoscope, irrdiated bythose quartil aspts 
of Saturn or Mars, the child shall be mari or melancholy." Agah, "" He 
that shoEll ve Saturn and rs, tho one culminating, the other in the foutoEh 
bouse, when he shall be born, shall be melancholy, of which he shaH be cutd 
in tim. if Mercury behold them." "t If the moon be in coujunction or oppo- 
sition at the birth time with the s, Saturn or [at, or in a qile pect 
ith them (è  coEi co, Leovitius adds), many disees are siified, 
escially the head and brain is like to be miffected h pernicious 
humoum, to be melaucholy, lunatic, or tord," Cardan adds, çuartâ lunâ tos, 
eclipses, earthquakes. Garcœeus and Leovitius will bave the chicf judent 
to be taken from the lord of the niture, or where thcre is an pt between 
the moon and Mercury, and neithcr behold the horoscope, or Satu and Mars 
shall be lord of t.he present conjunction or opsition in Sagittafius or Pisc, 
of the sun or moon, such rsons are commody epileptic, dote, doemoniacal, 
melancholy : but oee more of these aphorisms in the above-named Pontaas. 
rcoeus, cap. 23. d« Jad. gitur. £br. 1. 1. cap. 8. which he hath 
gathered out of "Ptolcmy, Albubater, and some other Arabians, Junctine, 
nzovius, Lindhout, Origen,&c. But these men you wiH reject peradventure, 
 tro]oger and theœefore paial judges; tben hear the tctimony of phy- 
sicians, Galenists themselv. = Carto confeth the influenoe of sta to have 
a great hand to this peculiar die, so doth Jon Pmtensis, Loniceri 
œefat.  popl«x. Ficinus, Fernelius, &c. r P. Cuemder acknowledgeth 
the sm an uaiversal OEe, the particular fmm parents, mtd the u of the 
soE non-naturel rhino. Baptita Pprt. mg. 1. 1, c. 10, 12, 15, will have them 
causes to every particar individium. nsçances and examples, to evinoe the 
truth of the3e aphor, are mmou amongst those astrologian trtise 
Carda  his thirty-seventh genite, gives instance  hlath. Bologaius. 
Carar. . ait. centur. 7. genit. 6. et 7. of Daniel Gare, and othem; 
but see Garcoe, cap. 3. Luc. Gauricus. Tract. 6.  n, &c. 
rime of this mclancholy is» when the siificato of any geniture are l'ecd 
accordg to art,  the hot: moon, hylcch, &c. to the hostile bms or terres 
• Lib. de anim p. de hamob. Es vaet in Melcholi ht 1    et    
 et   T.  Ex aa bile vat generantur morbL periude ut ipse mtum ŒElioe aut frigioe in se 
habuez4ç quum uque acipieno qu aptima aiç metsi pte na gi i. Annon 
aic acitur a ealore ut dt; et a frigor ut  gliem concret 1 et  vafie disfinctionum alfl 
flenç rienç & • Hanc  inmperantiam giendam plurimum confe  et  posit &c. 
  Qnoti aUc genl in  et  veo o posit rosoepum partiliter tet atque 
a  vel   ro percuoe fueri nat ab ia vexabit, • Q    h terum  
te imo io, cure in lucem vene meichoUc eri à qna : bitoe,    lt. 
t He nfirtione nn, aut laç, ant men eapt a 1o centiloqo, et qpaito 
bt omni melanchocm sptoma eiderum influenh, zAr Media. Accet  h 
cat&ç affecfion sidm. Plimum citt et ot flut lt. Vdco b.  cap. 
 d4h spil. 2. de met. 



.Iem. 1. Subs. 4.] Causes of Mdancholg. 135 

of  and  especially, or any fixed star of their nature, or ifl)y his revolution, 
or transitus, ahall offend any of those radical promissors in the genitnre. 
Other signs there are taken f,-om physiognomy, metoposcol)y, chiromancy, 
which because Juh. de Indagine, and Rotman, the landgrave of Hesse 
mathematician, hot long since in his Chiromancy; Baptista lorta, irt hi. 
celestial Physiognomy, bave proved to hold great affinity with astrvlogy, to 
satisfy the curions, I :m the more willing to inscrt. 
The general notions * physiognomers give, be these; "black eolour argues 
natural melancholy; so doth leattness, hirsuteness, broad veins, ranch hair on 
the brows,"aaith * Gratauarolus, cap. 7, and a little henri, ouç of Aristotlc, 
high sanguine, red colour, shows head melancholy; they that stutter and 
Laid, will Le soonest melancholy (as Avicenna supposeth), by ressort of the 
dryness of their brains; but he that will know more of the several signs or 
humour and wits out of physiognomy, let him eonsult with ohl Adamantus and 
X'olemus, that comment, or rather paraphrase upon Aristotle's t'hysiognomy, 
]3aptista Porta's four pleasant book.% iIichael Seot de secretls natttrce, John de 
[ndagine, Iuutaltus, Antony Zar,t. at. inf/enirum, sect. 1, memb. 13, et 
lib. 4. 
Chiromancy bath these aphorlsms h» forctl melancholy. Tsneir. lib. 5, 
cap. 2, who bath comprehended the sure of John de Indagino: T'icassus, 
Corvinus, and otbers in lais Look, thns hath it ; " The Saturnine line going 
ft'om the ra.scetta through the hand, to Saturn's mount, and there intersccted 
Ly certain little lines, argues melancholy ; no if the vital and natural make art 
acute angle, Aphorism 1O0. The saturnine, epatic, and natural lines, making 
a gross triangle in the hand, argno as mueh ;" whieh Goclenius, cap. 5. Chiros. 
repeats verhatim out of him. In general they conclude all, that if S'aturn's 
mount be full oï many small lines and intersections, "b sueh men are most part 
melancholy, miserable, and fitll of disquietness, care and trouble, continually 
vexed with anxious and bitter thoughts, always sormwful, feaa'ïul, suspicious ; 
they delight in hubandry bnil,lings, pools, marshes, springs, woods, wal-lin, &c." 
Thaddoeus Haggesius, in his iIetoposcopi«, hath certain aphorisms derived fi'otr. 
aturn's lines in the forehead, by which he collects a melancholy disposition 
and" Baptista Porta makes obserçations from those other parts of the body, 
as if a spot be over the spleen; "a or in the halls; if it appear black, it sifi- 
fieth much c.are, grieI] contention, and melanch«»lyi" the tesson he refers to 
the humours, and giçes instance in himself, that for seven years' space he had 
snch black spots in his halls, and all that while was in pcrpetual law-suits, 
controversies for his inheritance, ïear, loss of honour, banishment, grief, care, 
&c., and when his miseries ended, the black spots vanished. Cardan, in 
Look de libris pro,pries, tells such a story of his own pern, that a little befvro 
his son's death, he had  black spot, whieh appeared in one of his nails; and 
dilated its4f as he came nearer to his end. But I m over tedious in thcse 
toys, which howsoever, in some men's too severe censures, they may he held 
absurd and ridiculous, I ara the bolder to insert, as hot borrowed f,'om circum- 
foranean rogues and gipsies, but out of the writings of worthy philosophers 
and physicians, yet living some of them, and religious profsors in famous 
universities, who are able to patronize that which they bave said and vindicato 
themselves from all ca-i.llers and ignorant Ierona 

• $«h. de Inflsg. cap. 9. Montalts cap. 22. • Caput parvVa qi haut eeruhm  aplrIt plemqu 
anffu-to factle incident in Melancholiam ruDIcundi. .Eti idem MOltalt OE 21. ë Galeno. aSaturnina 
à lgoetta per mediam inanuln decmTen que ad rim montia aturni,  parvis line intersect ar- 
gutt melau, holico& Aphorism. 78.  Agittur meri continuis nqetudinib neque unqm k 
solicitudine lib¢ri sunç xie ffiigr amarimis lntra cotationib se;nper trt spitiosi, meticu- 
lt Pby»lognom. lib. 10. a Cap. 15 b. . lm :   gts nigrœe t s rix s melcho]i 
gact, ab hore m rde t. 



136 Causes of ,ff danelwy. ['Part. 1. Sec. 2. 
SvlsEc'r. V'.--Old age a cae. 
SCOAR peculiar causes eoEcient, so oelled in respoet of the other wec 
dent, are either congitoe, int«noe, in,  they terre them, inward, innate, 
inhtd; or e outward and adventitious, wch happen to us after we are 
born: congeni or bore with s, are either natural, as old age, or 
¢tram ( "Fernelius calls it)that dtemperature, which we bave ftm out 
paoents' e it beivg an hereditary disoEs The first of these, which 
atural to all, and which no man living n avoid, i« told a whieh beg 
cold and d, d of the me quality  melancholy i niu»t needs eau it, 
by diminution of spirits and substance, and increing of adust humour; 
gherefo s enoEhon ave out of Al%totle, 
ue lirdsse in senectd, that old men famil'ly dote,  ram bm, for 
black choler, which is then superabundant in them : and Rhis, that Arabian 
I»hysician, in his Cont. l. 1, cap. 9, ch it "a a necry and insepable 
accident," to ail old and doeoepit peins. After venty yea ( the lmisg 
ith) "* ail is trouble and sorrow;" and common experience confirms the 
$ruth of it  weak and old peins, piaIly such 
their lires, had 'eat employment, much bin, much command, and many 
servants to oveee, and lve off a6p;  Charles the Fifth did to 
hilip, resi up ail on a sudden ; they are overeome with melancholy 
instant: or if they do continue in sach eou, they dote at last 
r), and are hot able to manage their tat through common hfirties 
incident in their age; full of ache, soow and ge chilien again, zzard% 
they carie many times as they sit, and talk to themselv, they are angry, 
waspish, displeed with every thing, "suspicions of ail, wayward, covetous, 
ard (saith Tully), selbwilled, supetitious, selî-conceited, bragrs and 
admire of themsdv,"   Balthnr Clio bath trulv noted of them. 
• his natural firmity is most eminent in old women, and such  are poor, 
solita, lire in most base esteem and begga, or such as are witches; so- 
much that Wierus, Baptis Por, Ulricus 5Iolitor, Ewic, do refer all that 
witches are said to do, to imagination alone, and this humour of melancholy. 
ad where it is controveed, whether they can bewitch cattle to dth, de 
in the air upon a costaff out of a cmney-top, transform themlv into 
cats, dogs, &c., translate bi from place to pce, meet in companies, and 
dance,  they do, or bave raal copulation with the devH, they ascbe ail to 
this reddant melancholy, which domineers in them, to oenmife potions, 
and natural OEuses, the dev's policy. Non dunt omnin6 (saith Vierus) a 
 mim fiunt ( Lami, lib. 3, cap. 36), 
hant Tlnm; they do no such wonde at MI, only the  bi are 
ced. ""ey think they are tches, and tan do hurt, but do hot." But 
this opinion Bode, Erastus, Danoeus, Scfibani, Sebtiaa ichadis, Cam- 
ndla de s verum, l. 4, cap. 9, * Dandinus the Jes&t, l@. 2, de 
Animâ, explode; » Cicoa confutes at large. That witches are melancholy, 
they deny hot, but hot out of corrupt phantasy aloe, so to delude themselv 
d others, or  produce such effccts. 
Sr. .Paents a cae @ Prorata. 
TA other ward bred cause of 3Ieneholy  o tempeture, in whoIe or 
part, whieh we reeeive fwm out parents, whieh Feraelius OE Proe turam, 
• i. I. at. cap. 11. tgenit im properata mal inopina 
m. ethi met. 1. de nsoL Fos. • Cap. de humorib lb. de Anima.  Nearium 
ecide decrepit et inparabile. * FSa. xt. 10.  Meteran. ig. ht. hb. 1.  St mo 
nx et irdi et dicil n, M quoemus, etiam ava TI. de tentnte. Lib. 2. de Anllco. 
$ tv moros ]acbmt, pbilauti, d¢lirL supetio$ suicioM, &c. Llb. 3. de Lami p. 7. 
et [8, m Solan, opiu lupi ep r. i, &c., s infantum, &c. = Coupta t ils ab 
ore Ielancholico phia, g)au.  Funt  lere qudo non loedt. 
- imanation v refee conati sun t, atr bfli inem prorn br cert. 



,l"em. 1. Subi. 6.] Causez of 31"enclw[g, 137 

or unnatural, it being an hcreditary disease; for as he justifies « Quakp.'trentmrt 
maxi.è patrls senrt obtlgerit, tales evadunt smilares spermaticwqu pares, 
wcunçue effare morbo Pater quum generat tenetur, cure sereine transfert 
Jrolem; such as the temperature of the çather is, sueh is the son's, and look 
what disease the father had when he begot .him, his son will bave after him 
"•and is as well inheritor of his infirmities, as of his lands.  And where the 
complexion and constitution ofthe father is eoïrupt, there(°salth Roger Bacon) 
the complexion and constitution of the son must needs be eorrupt, and so tho 
corruption is derived ri'oto the father to the son." 2qow this doth hot so much 
appear in the composition of the body, aeeording to that of Hippocrates, "«in 
habit, proportion, sears, and other lineaments; but in manners and conditions 
of the mind, ff, t patrura in natos abeunt cure sereine mores. 
Seleucus had an anchor on his thigh, so had his posterity, as Troc-us records, 
I. 15. Lepidus in Plhay 1. 7, e. 17, was purblind, so was his son. That famous 
familyof2Enobarbi were known ofold, and so surnamed from their red beards 
the Austrian lip, and those Indian fiat noses are propagated, the Bavarian 
chin, and goggle eyes amongst the Jews, as * Buxtorfius observes; their voice, 
pace, gesture, looks, are likewise derived with all the rest of their conditions 
and infirmities; such a mother, such a daughter; the very "affections Lem- 
nius contends "to follow their seed, and the malice and bad conditions of 
children are many rimes wholly to be imputed to their parents;" I need no 
herefore make any doubt of Mdanchdy, but that if is an hereditary disease. 
r Paracelsus in express words alïirms it, llb. de morb. amentlum, to. 4, tf. 1 
so doth "Crato in an Epistle of his to l[onavins. o doth Bruno 8eidelius irt 
his book de nrbo eurab. Montaltus proves, cap. 11, out ofttippocmtes mtd 
llutarch, that such hereditary dispositions are fi'equent, et banc (inquit)fterg 
reor ob pcerticlpatam melanchglcarrt utemperantlant (speaking of a patient) 
think he became o by participation of ]lelancholy. Daniel Sennertus, lib. l, 
part 2, cap. 9, will have his melancholy constitution derived not only from tho 
father to the son, but to the whole family sometimes; Quandoque totisfamilii. 
hereditativam, "Forcstus, in his medicinal observations, illustrates this point, 
with an example of a merchant, his patient, that had this infirmity by inherit- 
anee; so doth t',ode4cus à Fenseca, tom. 1, consul. 69, by an instance of 
young man that was so affected ex znxtlre melanclwlica, had a melan choly mothcr, 
et victu mdancholico, and bad diet together. Lodovicus ]Iercatus, a Spanish 
lhysician, in that excellent Tract which he bath lately written of hercditary 
diseases, tom. 2, oper. lib. 5, reckons up leprosy, as those Galbots in Gacony, 
]aereditary lepers, pox, stone, gout, epilepsy, &c. Amongst the test, this and 
madness after a set rime cornes to many which ho calls a miraculotm thing in 
nature, and sticks for ever to them as an incurable habit. And that which is 
more fo be wondered st, if skips in some families the father, and goes fo the son, 
"or takes every other, and sometimes every third in a lineal descent, and doth 
no always produce the saine, but some like, and a symbolizing disease." Theso 
eeondary causes hence derived, are commonly o powerfal, that (a a Wolphius 
holds) see/)e mutant decreta siderum, they do often alter the primary eause. 
and deerees of the heavens. For these fessons, belike, the Chureh and eom- 
monwealth, human aJxd Divine laws»have eoaspired to avoid hereditary dieazes» 

q Ut arthr|t|cl, ep|lep. &c. • Ut £11J non am possess|cnurn quam morborum laoeredes s|nto • Episl. 
de secretis artis et naturoe c. 7. nain in hoc quod pattes corrupti suVt generant fllios corrupoe cornplexi,mi.% 
et compositiovis, et lii eorum e/idem de caush se corrumpunt et sic derlvatur corrnptio ù patribus ad fllios. 
• Non tare (Ivquit Hippocrates) gibbos et cicatrices oris et corporis habitum affnoscis ex ris, sed veruna 
|ncem, gesus, mores, morbos, &c. a Synagog. Jud. • AffectUS parentum tri fcetus transeunt et 
ucrorum malicia parentlbus imputand, lib. 4. cap. 3. de occt, nat. rnirac, • Ex pltuitoeis pitu|tosi, ex 
iliosis blliosl, ex lienoeis et mel8vcholicis melavcltolicL • Epist. 174. in 8co|tz. nascitur nobiscum ilkt 
aliturque et uà cure parentibus habemus ma]um hunc aem. Jo. Pelesius lib. 2. de cura huma:orum 
sfltctmtm, • Lib. 10. observat. 15. » aginus Geog. * Soepe non eundem» sel shnLleŒE produ¢ 
ctum» et lloeo l>rete tr.lit in neTotem. 4 DiaL 9rœez. genituïis Leovit 



• 13.9 CmseJ ,f3l'elancl, o.y. [Part. 1. Sec. 

f,rbidding uch marriages as are any whit allied ; and as lIcrcatus adviseth 
ail ttmilies to take such., sifieri posslt quce max'imè distant mtura., an,i to 
make choice ofthose that are most differing in complexion from them ; if they 
love their own, and respect the common good. An,l sure, I think, it bath been 
ordered by God's espccial providence, that i, ail ages there should be (as 
usuaily there i) once in "600 yrars, a transmigration of nations, to amend and 
i,urity their blood, as we alterseed upon our ]and, and that there honld be as 
iç were an inundation of those northern Goths anal Vandals, and many uch 
like people which came out of that continent of Scandia and Sarmatia) as some 
sui»pose ) and over-ran, as a deluge, most par of Europe and Afric, fo airer for 
out good, ourcomplexions, which were much defaced with hereditary infirmi- 
ries, vhich by out lust and intemperance we had contracte& A sound 
gcneration of si rong and able mes were sent amongst us, as those nort.hern mes 
usually are, innocqous, free from riot, and free ri'oto diseases; to qnalify and 
make us as those poor naked Indians are genmally st this day; and those 
about Brazil (as a late t writer observes), in the 1sic of [aragnau, free from 
ail hereditary diseases, or other contagion, whereas without help of physic 
they lire commonly 120 years or more, as in the Orcades and many other 
places. Such are the common effects of temperance and intemperance, but I 
will descend to particnlar, and show by what means» and by who,n especially 
this iufirmity is derived unto us. 
Ieilii ex senibus nati, far5 sunt firml mperamentl, old men's children are 
seldom of a good tcmperament, as 8coltzius supposeth, consult. 177, an,l 
therefi»re mo3t apt to this disea; and as  Levinus Lemnius farther adds, o1,1 
mes begeç most part wayward, peevish, sad, melancholy sons, and saldom 
merry. He that begets a chihl on a full stomach, will either bave a sick chihl, 
or a crazed son (as h Cardan thinks), contradict, med. lib. 1, contradict. 18, or 
if the parents be sick, or have any great pain ofthe hea,1, or megrim, headach, 
(tlieronimus Volfius ' doth instan in a child of 8ebasçian Castalio's); if a 
drm,ken man get a clfild, it will never likely have a good brain, as Gellius 
argues, lib. 12, cap. 1. Ebrii gigtunt Ebrios» ose druukard begets another, 
saith * Plutarch, sy»tp, lib. 1, quest. 5, whose sentence t Lemnius approvea, 1. 1, 
c. ¢. Alsarius Crutius Gen. de qui sit med. ce,g. 3, fol. 182. l[acrobiu:b 
lib. 1. Avicenna, lib. 3. Feu. 21. Tract 1, cap. 8, and Aristotle himself, 
sect. 2, prov. 4, tbolish, druuken, or hair-brain wo:nen, most part bring tbrth 
children like unto themselves, morosos et languidos, and so likewise he that lies 
with a menstruous woman, lttemperantia vewris, çuam in na«tis prvesertim 
insectatar " Lomnius, qui u.r.ores ineutt, nulî menstrui decursûs r,tti,,ne lt,tbitâ, 
ne observato itte lunlo, avrcecipua causa est, wxia. perniti9sa, concubitum hune 
exitiale»t ide.b, e2 pe.ti.]èrum vocat. Rodorieus a Castro Lusitanus, dete«tautur 
ad .utum otaries nedici, tutu et quartâ lus& coneepti, ioEcelices plerumque et 
.a»tentes, ddiri, stolidi, »wrbosi, i»tpuri, invalidi, tetra lue sordidi, mbtimè 
vitales, omtibus bonis corporls odque,tnimi deo'tituti : ad laborem nati, si seniores, 
.ituit Estathius, ut Hercules, et alii. * Judei maxi»tè insectantur fied,m 
hunc, et intmunda»t apud Christiatos Coneubitum, ut illium abltorreut, et apud 
swos prohibent ; et quod Christiani toties leprosi, antentes, tot morbili, impetigines, 
alphi, psorce, cutis et faciei dcdorationes, tan nulti wrbi epidnici, aeerbi, 
et venewsi sint, in hune im»turoEum concubitum reiciunt, et cruddes in ïw'a 

• Bodln. :le rep. cap. de pcrlodls relp.  Claudiu Abavllle Capuehlon In lais voyage to MaraKnan, 1614» 
cap. 45. Nemo fere grotu sano omues et robusto corpore, vi I],111 Itl'tl'tOS I0, [lJl sine medicma, Idem 
llector Boethius de insuli, Orchad. et Da nianus  Goes le .camlis. • Lib. . c. 3. de occult, nat. uuf. 
OEetricos pK.rumque fllios senen progenerant et tristes, rariun exhilaratos, h Coitus super repletionem 
pe.imus, et fihi qui tttm gignuntur, aut morbosi surir, aut stolitti.  Dlal. proeflx. Leovit,».  L. de 
ed. liberis.  De occult, nat. mit. emulente et stolid.e mulier liberos plerttmque producunt sibl 
similes, m Llb. 2. c. 8. de occult, nt. mi. too¢l Master Schoolmater do sot Knglinh this. * De sa t- 
mal hb. 3. cap. .  Btxxdorhiu ¢. 1. Syutt[. Jud. Ezek. 18. 



%fera. 1. Subs. 6.] Causes of Melanc£ol. 139 

per/wesnt. Damna$ olim dlvba £ex  mor mutat hÇusmodi 
Lev. 18. 0, e$ indè natl, siTd d5roez aut muti, pater eHb«t»idatus , 
n coa$ie$  immudâ roulée. Gregorius Magnus, peted Augustino 
nunqui,l apud » Britannos hjasmodi concilun $orar,:e, sè prohb $ 
is tutu mc'g foemias i co suis nenstruis» &c. I spare to English 
ths whch I bave id. Another cause me give, inordinate diet, as if a mau 
eat garlic, onions, fas overmuch, study o hard, be over-sormwfld, dull, 
heavy, dcjected in mind, perplexed in his thoughts, feaçul, &c., " ther 
chldn (ith «Cardan subtil, lib. 18) will be ranch subjoet to madness and 
melancho]y ; for if the spirits of the bra]n be fusled, or misaffected by such 
means, at such a time, thc]r children will be fusled in the brain : they will be 
dull, heavy, timomu¢ diontented M1 their livs." Some are of ophfion, 
maintain that paradox or pblem, that wise men beget commonly fools; Suidas 
giv instance iu Arisrchus the Grammarian. duos .elutfilos A'tnrchu», 
et At,tclwm, ambos stultos; and vhich Erasmus urgeth in his Moria, 
fools bege wioe men. Card. subt. l. 12, gives this cause, Quonian spirittm 
sapntum oh striure rdvuntur, et in cem ëntur à corde: because 
their natural spirits are resolved by study, and turned into animal ; drawn 
fr«»m the hear, and those othÇr pas  the bmin. Lemnius subscris to that 
of Cardan, and assigns this reason, Quod persolvant d&un languidd, et obsci- 
tantèG unoetus à parentum generosit«tte des'cit : they l,ay their debt ( 
aul omis it)  their wives remissly, by which means their cldren are weak- 
lings, and many tim idiots d tbds. 
me other cauoes are given, which properly perçais, and do proceed from 
the mother: if he be over-dull, heavy, an, peesh, disconnted, and 
melanch,ly, sot only at the rime of conception, but even all çhe while sho 
oerrics the child in ber womb (sait.h Fernelius. path. 1.1, 11) her son will be so 
likewise aflcted, and svorse, as "Lemnius ad,ls, 1. 4, c. 7, if she grieve over 
much, be disquieted, or by any casualty be affrighted and ten'ified by some 
fearful object heaM or en, she endangers ber child, and spoils th¢ mperatum 
of i; for the strange imanation of a woman worEa efltually upon ber infan 
that as aptista PoSa 1)roves, Pl, ysiog, coetis 1. 5. c. 2, she lves a mark 
npon it, which is most especially seen in such as prodigiously long for such and 
such meats, the child will love tho meatg ith Femelius, and be addicted to 
like humom: "tif a great-bellied woman see a hare, her child will often havc 
a hare-lip," as we call i. 6'arcœe de Judid genitnrarun, cap. 33, hath a 
memomble example of ose Thom ickdl, born in the city of Brandeburg, 
1551, "that went rling and staggering ail the days of his lire, as if he 
vould all to the gmund, because his mother being eat with child w a 
drunken man reeling in the stree." Such another I find in MartinWenrichius 
coin.  tu motrum, c. 17, I saw (saith he) at Witnberg, in Germany, 
a citizen that looked like a carca; I asked him the cauoe, he replied, * " tIis 
mother, when she re him in her womb, saw a carcs by chance, and w so 
oe affrighted with it, tha  foetus  assimatus, from a ghastly impm 
ion the chihl w like it." 
So my seveml wa are we plated and punished fr our fathmZs defauls 
much that as Feelius truly ith, ""It  the greatest pax of out felicity 

«Druslm obs. llb. 3. ctp. 20. t lleda. Eccl. hist. lib. 1. c. 27. respon. 10. q l'am sp|ritus cerebrl 
| tutu maie alcia/ttur, raies l)rocre&nt, et quales ftterint affectu, raies filiorurn : ex tristibus triste, cx 
JtcundlaJucundi nacuntur, &c. tFol. 129. mer. ocrateg children were fools. Sabel. * De occuL 
at. mir. Pca mot'bus mulierum, tBaptlsta Porta loco przed. Ex leporum intuitu plerique |nfantca 
edmt bifido superiore iabello, e Qu&ç! moÆ in terrain collapatwusper onmem vitam Inccdebat, cure mater 
gr&vdtt ebrium hominem ic incedentem viderat. * Civem racle cadaverost qui dixit, ,e. • Optimttm 
Ilene nascl, maxima para fzellcitatts nostr.e bene nasci; quamobrem lreclarc humano generi eo,sultma 
viIeretur, si œeoli parente$ bene habiti et tta, libcris operam datent. 



1 10 Cuses of.3[e,L'nchor, y. [ParL ]. ee. . 

te ho wdl born, and if wcre happy for human kind, if only such parents as are 
aound of body and mind should be auffered t.o marry." An husbandman will 
sow none but the best and ehoicest seed upon his land, he will net rear a bull 
or a bome, exeept ha be right shapen in all pars, or permit him te eover 
mare, exeept he be well assured oï his breed ; we make ehoiee of the best 
rares for our sheep, rear the neatcst kine, and keep the best dogs, Quanto 
dili#entius in procreandis li1erfs observandum. .And how careful thea shoul,l 
we be in begetting of out ehildren  In former rimes seine eountries bave beeu 
se ebary in this behalf, se strn, that if a child were erooked or deformed lu 
body or miu, they ruade him away.; se did the Indiens of old by the relatiou 
of Curfius, and many other well-governed eommonwealtha, aeeording o 
discipline of those rimes. I-eretofore in 8eotland, saith "Hec. ]3oethiua, "if 
any were visited with the falling siekness, madness, gout, leprosy, or any smh 
dangerous disease, which was likely te be propagated frein the ither te 
son, be wa instantly gtlded ; a woman kept i¥om ail eompany of men; and if 
by chance haviug seine sueh diseaze, she were found te be with child, sho 
xvith her brood were buried alive :" and this was done for the eommon good, 
les the whole nation should be injtred or corrupted. A severe doom you will 
say, and net o be used amongst Christians, yet more o be looked into 
is. For new by out too much fieility in this kind, in giving way for all te 
marry that will, too much llbery and indulgence in tolerating all s«rs, there 
is a vazt confusion of hereditary diseazes, no çamily seeure, no man a]most fl'eo 
frein seine grievous infirmity or oher, when no choiee is had, bul still 
eldes must marry, as se many 8allions of the race; or if rieh, be they fooIs or 
dizzards, lame or maimed, unable, intemperate, dissolute, exhaust through rio, 
as he said, "jure hoereditario saperejubentur; they must be wise and able by 
inheritance: it cornes fo ps that our generation is corrupt, we bave many 
weak persons, both in body and mlnd, moEny fera] diseases raging amongst 
crazed fitnfilies, ])arenles 2)erem2»tores; our fathers bad» and we are like to ho 

3I ElI9. II. 

Styscr. I.Bad De a cause. ubstance. QualRy of ],reats. 
AccoavI to my proposed method, having opened hitheo these seoenda 
causes, which are inbd with us, I mus now proceed to tbe outward and 
adventitious, which happen uuto us after we are born. And those are eitber 
edent, remote, or inward, anteoedent, aml the nrest : continent OE 
all tbem. Thèse outwaM, remote, preoeden causes are subdivided again into 
necsary and hot nesry. eoessy (because we cannot avoid them, but 
they will a]ter us,  they ara ud, or abuoed) are those six non-nard-a] th, 
so much spoken of amongst physican wch are prcipal OEuses of this 
disemse. For almost in eve constion, wher they shall corne o speak 
ofthe caus, the fat is found, and th mt part objected to the tient; 
cavh circ« re s wn natura: he bath st offended  one of tho 
3lontanus, co. 22, consulted aut a melancholy Jew, gives that nten 
ao did Frisemelioe h the me pce; and in his 2t4 counl, censuring 
elancboly ldier, signs that reoa of his maly, " bh offended  all 
• lnfant infini proeclpltla necati. Bobems lib. 3. c. 3. Apud Lacon ollm. Lius eplst. 
elg, Dionysio Villerlo, ai quoa aliqua memorum parte intil notaven necarl jubent. 
De veterum Soetorum moribua. Morbo comitlali, dementi mani lepr &c. aut aimil lab% 
rolem anamittit, lon inter eo ingenti fae indan% invento ne gena foedt congione 
loedere ex l na ctrave mulier huJmo procu a rom conaoo abln uod 
arm ahqua concep mveniebatur, imul cum foe ondmn eto, defodicbatr v • Ëoio 
8atlç-  Fecit omnia dellcta qt fleri pot c r x non nm'» et  t coe 
oz b os ort sunt obatructione 



Iom. 2. S.bs. 1.] Causes of Menclwly. 141 

those six non-natural thing., ,«hich were the outward causes, from wl:ich 
came those inward obstructions; and so in the rest. 
These six non-natural things are diet, retention and evacuation, which are 
more material than the other because they make new matter, or else are con- 
versant in keeping or expelling of it. The othcr four are air, exercise, sleeœeing, 
xvaking, attd leL'turbatioas of the mind, which only airer the marrer. The first 
of these is diet, which cousists in ment and drink, and causeth melancholy, as 
if offends in substance, or accidents, thag is quantity, qualigy, or the like. And 
vzell if may be called a materi:l cause, since that, as ° Fernelius holds, " if 
bath such a power in begetting of diseuses, and yields the matter altd suste- 
nance of them ; for ncither air, nor pert,rbations, nor any of those other 
evident causes take place, or work this effct, excelt the constitution of body, 
and preparation of h,mours, do concur. That a man may say, this diet is the 
mother of diseases, let the father be what he will, and from this alone, melan- 
choly aa.d frequettt other maladies arise." Many phyaicians, I co,fs, have 
writtcn copious volumes of this one subject, of the nature and qua|ities of all 
m«nner of meats$ as namely, Galen, lsaac the Jw, Halyabbas, Avicenna, 
][csue, also four Arabians, Gordonius, Villanovanus, Vecker, Johannes 
]3aerinus, sitologia de Esculentis et Poculenis, ]Iichael Savanarola, Tract. 2, 
c. 8, Anthony Fumanellus, lvo. de regimine senum, Curio in his Comment on 
Sçhola S',derna, Godeft'idus Stekitts arte zed., Mrsilius cognatus, Ficinus, 
anzovius, Fonseca, Lessius, [agninus, re/jir, sadtatis, Frietagi,s, Hugo 
ridevallius, &a, besides many other in a English, attd almost every peculiar 
physician, discourseth af large of ail peculiar ments in his chai,ter of melan- 
choly: yet because these books are not at hand to every man, I will briefly 
touch what ldnd of ments engcnder this humour, through their several species, 
and which are fo be avoided. How they airer and change the marrer, spirits 
first, and after h,mours, by which we are preserved, and the coustitution of 
our body, Fernelius and others will show you. I hasten to the thing itself: 
and first of such diet as offnds in substance. 
eef.] Beef, a strong and heaty ment (cold in the first degree, dry in the 
second, saith Ga/. l. 3, e. 1., de alim. lac.) is condemned by him and ail suc- 
ceeding authors, to breed gross melancholy blood: good for such as are sound, 
and ofa strong constitution, for labouring men ifordered aright, corned, young, 
of an ox (for ail geldcd ments in every zpecies are held best), or if old, "such 
as have been tired out with labour, are preferred. Aubanus and Sabollicus 
commend Portugal bcef fo bc the most savomT, best attd easiest of digestion ; 
we commend ours: but ail is rejected, and unfit for such as lead a resty lift, 
atty ways incliued fo Melancholy, or dry of coml»lexion: Tales (Galen thinks) 
de facile melanctwllda eeg-itudizibus capiuntur. 
2ork.] Pork, of ail ments, is most nutritive in his own nature, *but alto- 
gerber unfit for such as lire af case, are any ways unsound of body or mind : 
too moist, full of humours, and therefor.z wxia ddicatis, saith Savanarola, ez 
earum usu ut dubitetur art febrls quarSam generetur : naught for queasy 
stomachs, insomuch that fi'equent use of it may breed a quatan ague. 
Goat.] Savanarola discommends goat's flesh, and so doth tBruerinus, l. 13, 
e. 19, calling if a fihhy beast, and rammish : and therefore supposeth it will 
breed tank and filthy substance; yet kid, such as are young and tender, 
Isaac accepts, Bruerinus and Galen,/. 1, e. 1, de almentorum.tàcultatibus, 
//art.] Ilart and red deer shath an evil naine: it yields gross nutrhnent: 

• Path. 1.1. e. 2. Maximam in glgnendis morbiœ viro cbtinet, pabulum, maerlamque morbl suggerenœ : 
am nec ab r nec h peoebatlonib vel aliis edentib  morbi nt, nis consa corporis 
pparatio et humom constutio. Ut sem di, ma ga t omnium morbom mater, etiamsi alius 
et geuir. Ab bac morbi sponte sœepè emant, nl  cogente . d Cogan, EUo Vauha 
•ener. * Fet. * Isaac. tNon laudatur, quia melancholicum prœet en $ o 



a strong and great grained meat, next unto a horse. Whieh although 
countries eat. as Trtars, and they of Ohina; yct Galen condenms, koung 
tbals are  commonly eaten în Spain  red deer, and to furtfish their navies 
about Malaga especially, often used ; but such mts k long baking, or 
seething, to qualit thcm, anti yet ail will hot rve. 
edzon, Fal&w Dr.] AH venisou is melancholy, and begets bad blood ; 
a pleant meat: in great esteem with us (fi*r we bave more parks in Euglan, l 
than there are in ail Europe besides) in our solemn fëasts. 'Tis somewhat 
better huard than otherwioe, and well prepared by eookery ; buç generally 
bd, and seldom to  used. 
lI«re.] Hare, a black meat, melancholy, and hard of digestion, if breeds 
tcubus, oten eaten, and OEuseth fëarfhl drms, so doth ail veun, and is con- 
cnme, l by a jury of physicians. Ialdus aud some othe say, tha hare 
u merry meat, and that if will make one fair,  Martial's Epigranx stifies to 
Gellia; but this is lr ci, because of the good sporç if makes, mem T 
oempay and g.md discoue that is commonly ai the eatg of it, and nog 
otherwisc to be undemtood. 
Con.J Conies are of the nature of hares. Iagninus compaoes them to 
bee pig, and goat, Reg. san. part. 3, c. 17 
ara approved to be good. 
Geaexaily, ail uch meats  are hard of digestion bcee,1 melancholy. 
&re, lib. 7, cap. , œeckons up heads and ft, bowels, braius, eatrails, 
xrro, at, blood, skins, and those inwoed parts,  hrt, hmgs, liver, spleen, 
&a They aro rejected by lsc, loE. 2, port. 3. Magninus, part. 3. cap. 17, 
ruerin, lib. 12, Savanarola, . 32, ract. 2. 
J1k.] Milk, and all that com of milk, 5 butter and chee, cuMs, &c., 
iacrease melancholy (whcy only excepted, which is most wholesome) : 
excep asses" milk. The rest, to such  a sound, is nutritive and good, 
espially fbr young children, but beuse soon tued to COTUption, 
good for those that haro unclcan stomachs, a subject to hdache, or haro 
greea wo«nds, stone, &c. Of all choses, I take that kind whch we OEil 
Bnbury cheese to be the best, ex vaust psim, the older, stronger, and 
haMer, the worst, as Langius discoseth in his Epistle to Mclancthon, cited 
by Iizal,lus, Isc, p. 5, Gal. 3,   b¢ sd, &c. 
owl.] Amongst fowl, "eacocks and pîgeons, ail fnny fowl are forbidden, 
as ducks, geeoe, svans, hrons, cranes, cours, didappem, waterhens, with 
those tea]s, curs, sheldrakes, aad peckld fowls, that corne hither in winter out 
of Sndi, Muscovy, Greenland, Frilaml, which half the 3ar are coved 
all over with saow, and fozen up. Thongh the be/ir in iathers, pl 
in toEte, and bave a good outside, ]ike hypocrit white h plum and , 
their flh is haxl, black, unwholesome, dangc, melancholy mt 
 putr,f«ciu» smac£um, saith Isc, part. 5, de vol., their young ones ara 
more tolerable, but young p}geons he quite disapproves. 
G'].] Rh and Magninus discommend ail fish, and say, they breed 
v£çcosits, smy nutriment, httle and humourous nourishment. vauarol 
a«lds, cold, moist: and pblegmatic, Iac; and thexfbre uawholesom« for ail 
eold and melaucho]y comlflexions : others make a differenoe, rejecting only 
mongst frh-vater fish, eel, tench, lamprey, crawfish (which Btght aplnve » 
cap. 6), and such  are brcd in muddy and stan,liug watm, and bave a t 
of mud,  Francisc Bousuetus œoetica]ly defiaes, L. 
am pisc omne ql! ta lacque uen [ *'Ail fish, that standing pnol and lak freq 
Smper pl succi deterior habent." Do ever  iel.I bad jutee and nout-is ,me»t." 



Lampreys, Yaulus lovius, ¢. 34, de pscibus fluv{«l, hghly n,agni6es, and 
a]th, one Sl]eak aga]nst them, but iept e$ scpo«, some oerupulous 
pelons; but »eels, ¢. 33, "he abhoeth in al places, at ail times, Ml phy- 
sicans dctes thcm, especlly abou he solstice. Gomesh% l 1. a 
de sa, doth immoderately extol oea-fish, wh]ch others as much vilify, and 
above the test, dHed, ,used, indurate fish, as ling, fumados, red-herrings, 
sprats, stock-fish, haberdiae, poor:}ohu, ail shell-fish. « Tire. Brght excepts 
lbter um[ crab. [esarius commends lmou, hich Bruerina coatradicts» 
lib. 22, c. 17. Magninus rej«.cts eongcr, st,urgeon, turbot, mackeml, skate. 
Carp is a fih of which I know hot what to determine. Franciscus Bon- 
suetus accouuts ita muddy fish. Hippolitus Salvianus, in his Book dePciu», 
aturd  proepa,ratlone» which was lwinte«l at Rome iu foli,, 1554, with most 
eleffaut pictures, estcems oerl» no better than a slimy wate meat. Paulua 
Jovius on the other side, disallowing tench, approves of it; so d,th Dupravius 
lu his Bo,ks of Fish-ponds. Fr]etagius  extols it for an excellcnt wholesomo 
meat, and purs if am.ugst the fishez of the best rauk ; and so do most of out 
country gentlemen, that store their ponds almost with no other fish. But this 
eoltrovcrsy la easily decided, iu my judgment, by Bruerinus, l. 22, c. 13. 
'l'he difference riseth ri'oto the site and nature of pools, "sometimes mud(13 
metimes swect; they ara in taste as the place  ri'oto whenoe they be taken. 
in like manuer almost we may conclude of other fl-esh fizh. But e more ia 
l¢oudoletius, Bellonius, Oribasi, lib. 7, cap. 22, lc, L 1 especially ippo- 
litls Salvianus, ho is instar omnium solus, &c. owsoever they may bo 
holesome and approved, much use of them  not good; P. Fomstus, iu h 
mcdicinal observations, « relates, that Carthusian friars, whose livilg is mosg 
l,art fish, are more snbject to melancholy thau auy other order, and that ho 
tbund by experieace, being uometimes their physiciau ordinary at Delft, i 
l,lland. He exemplifics it with an stauce of one Buscodnese, a Cm-thusiau 
of a ddy colour, and well ling, thag by solitary vg, and fi-eating, 
became so misaffecd. 
'bs.] Amongst herbs to be eaten I find gourds, cucumbers, coleworts, 
melons, disallowed, but especlly cabbage. It causeth troublesome dreams, 
and sends up black vapours to the braira Galon, &c. act. l. 3, c. 6, of 1 
herbs condemns cabbage; and Ic, lib. 2, c. 1, Ani» gravitatem ]hcit, i 
brings heaviness to the soul. 8ome are of opiuion that ail raw herbs and 
salads brced mehmcholy blood, except bugloss and lettuce. Crato, consil. 21, 
lib. 2, speaks against ail herbs and worts, except borage, bngloss, fennel» 
parsley, dill, haire, succory, h[agninus, «egim. saa, part. 3, cap. 31. 
Om r siml)lit« , vid i; ail herbs are simply evfl to feed ou 
( he thinks). o did that oeoffing cook   lautus hold : 
h'on ego eoenam eondio nf alil eoqui olen  «Like other eooka I do hot upper d 
Qui nihi eondita praa in palinm prolerun  ]lmt put wlmle meadowa illlO a plater 
 ith herbs 8nd gr go feed thym latter." 
Out ]ta]ians and Spanis do make a who]e dinner of herbs and sa]ads 
(which out said Plautus lls coenas tewr Hrace, cn«s sb sanguine), 
by which OEeans,  he fllows 
=  I]ic hom[n tare brevem v[tam ¢olunt [ «e[r Hves. that ea snch hb$, must nee be 
Qu herb hujusmi in alvum suum congei'm [ And "ris 8 fearful llflng for iv report, 
'ormidol»,um dictu, on u mod That mon h»uld feed on such  kiod of mea 
Qu herb pecudes non ed[» hom edng.   hich ver jm wod fuse [o euL" 

pOrnnllocoetomnlteporemedlcl detestanturangulllasproesertlm c|ria solstlt|nm. Damaym 
is tutu as. q Cap. 6. In his Tract of Melancholy. r Opimè nutrit omnium judic itcr prmoe 
ooe pisces stu pstanti, • Kot t dubium quin, pro vorum itu  natur ma e,,toru 
so :ntur diflrti, alibi avior bi luttior, t Obrvt. 16. hb. 10. u l»scudol 
. . cen.  aut ibioE 



1 ! C«uses of Mdnchoy. [Prt. 1. Sec. 2. 

ïhey are wlndy, and net fit therefore te be eaten of ail me raw, though 
qualified with oil, but in broths, or otherwize. Sec more of these in every 
• husb.ndman and herbalist. 
loots.] Roots, Ftsi quorundam gentlum ope. snt, saith Bruerinus, the 
wealth of seine countries, aad sole food, are windy aud bad, or troub]esonm 
te the head: a onions, grlie, seallions, ttrnips, earrots, roEdL«hes, parsnips : 
Crato, lib. . cent. 11, disallows ail roots, though °seine approve of par8nips 
and potatoes.  Maguiuus i of CYato's opinion, "° They trouble the mind, 
sending gross fumes te the brain, make men mad, espeeially garlie, onions, 
if a man liberally ïeed on them a year together." Guianerius, tract. 15, cap. 2, 
¢omplains of ail manner of roots, and se doth Bruerinus, even parnips 
themselves, which are the best, Lib. 9. cap. 14. 
Fruits.] Pastlnaearn usus succos gignit mprobos. Crato, censé. 9,1, 
lib. 1, utterly ïorbids ail manner of fruits, as pears, apples, phtms, cherries, 
srawberries, nuts, medlar, serves, &e. S«ng»d»te» iu.ficiunt, sith Villano- 
vanus, they infect the blood, and putrefy it, lIagninus holds, and must nol 
therefore be taken viâ cibl, aut çluantitat« ma9»a , net te make a meal of, or in 
any great quantity, d Cardnn makes that a cause of their eontinual sickness 
af Fessa in Aïrie, "beeause they lire se mueh on fruits, eating them thrico 
a day." Laurentius approves of many frui«s, in his Tract of ]Iclancholy, which 
others disallov, and amongst the test apl,les , which seine likeœeise commend, 
weetings, pairmains, pippias, as good against melancholy; but te him that in 
any way inclined te, or touched with this malady, °Nicholas Piso in 
letics, forbids ail fruits, as windy, or te be sparingly eaten at leasç, and nog raw. Amongst other fruits, Bruerinus, out of G.len, excepts grapes and figs, 
but I find them likewise rejeeted. 
P'«se.] Ail puise are naught, bsans, peas, vetches, &e., they fill the bin 
(saith Isae) with gross fumes, breed black thick blood, and OEuse trouble- 
seine dreams. /knd therefore, that which Pyçhagoras said te his scholars of 
old, may be for ever applied te melncholy men, Af«bis abstiete, et no peas, 
ner beans; yet te such as will needs eat hem, I would give this counsêl, te 
]repare them aecording te those rules that Arnoldus Villanovauus, and Frie- 
tgius prescribe, for eating, and dressing, fruit, herbs, roots, puise, &e. 
bo/ces.] Spices cause hot and head melncholy, an.| are for that euse for- 
bidden by out physicians te such men s are inclined te this malady, as 
pepper, ginger, cinnzmon, eloves, mate, dates, &a, honey and sugar, s 8orne 
except honey; te those that are cold, i may be tolerable, but  Dulcia se n 
bilera vertunt (sweets turn into bile), thoy are obstructive. Crato thereIoro 
ïorbids ail spice, in a consultation of lais, for a melancholy sehoolmaster, Onmia 
aromati¢«, et çiCçlgid sangginem adgrit: se doth Fernelius, cons//. 45. 
Guianerius, trcct. 15, cap. 2./ereurialis cons. 159. Te these I may add ail 
sharp and sour things, luscious, and over-sweet, or fat, as oil, vinegar, verjuice, 
rnustard, sait; as sweet things are obstruteive, se these are corrosive. Gomesius, 
in hiz books, de sale, l. 1, c. 21, highly c-mmends sait; o doth Codroncbus in 
his tract, de sale Abs9,tthii, Lemn. L 3, c. 9. de occult. zat. mit. yet common 
experienee finds salt, and slç-msats, t.o be great procurers of this diseaze. 
And for that cause belike those Egyptian priests abstained frein salt, even se 
]nuch, as in thch" bread, uS sine 19erturbatione anim esse$» saitla mine author» 
that their oul might be free lk'om lrurbtion, 

• Quare rectius valetudlnl suoe quisque consulet, qui laps prlorum lareutum memor, 
omiserit vel parce deguntrit. Kerleius cap. 4. de veto usa med. • In Mizaldo de Hotte P. Cresceut. 
. • .. _ .uew 0qm nxagnm. quo s qms ex ris per annum continuè Comedat, in isaniam 
ere. ¢a..n. mpobi succa $tmto cap. 12.  De reram varietst, la Fess& plerumque morbosi quud 
frneh -ome«anlrter In 41 *Cap. de M  ¢Lib 11 
$pudçcoltlum con$iL 16. " " " " 



em. 2. Suba l.J Cause of Mdandwly. 145 

Pr¢ad.] Bread that |s ruade of baser grain, s peas, leans, oats, -e, or 
'over-hard baked, crusty, and black,  offert spoken agains,  eausing 
melancholy juioe and wind. Job. Mayor, in the firs book of hh Hisry of 
Bcotland, conteuds much for the whoomens of oan bread : i w objecd 
fo him then living sg Paris in Franoe, thag h countrymen fed on oats, and 
!, grin, as  disco; bu ho doth ingenuouy confe, Seotlaud, 
and  third par of England, did mosg par u that kind of brmd, that ig waa 
 wholesome as auy grain, and yielded  good noishmeng. And yeg Vecker 
o,t of Galen calls i hoe-meat, and .titrer for jumen than men go feed o 
But read Galen himselç lib. 1. Da b boni  mali s, more rgely dis- 
coursing of coin and brea& 
Wi.] All black wines, over-hot, compound, strong thick drin, as 
cadine, h[almy, Alicang, Rumney, BrownboErd, h[etheg[en, and the like, 
of which they have thirty veml kinds in ZIuovy, a such ruade drks a 
hurçful in this cse, fo such  are hot, or of a nguine choledc complexion, 
young, or inclined to head-melancholy. For many times the drinng of wine 
alone caeth it. Arculanus, c. 16. i 9. RhoEs, pu in wine for a eat 
cau, espoeially if it be immoderately used. Ganerius, tract. 15. c. 2. lls 
a sto oftwo Dutchmen, to whom he gave enteainment in his hoe," that in 
one month's spaoe were both melancholy by drinking ofwine, one did nough 
but sing, the other sigh. Galen, l. de caus mb. c. 3. hlatthiolus on Di 
scorides, and above al[ other And Bachius, l. 3. 18, 19, 20, hure reckoued 
upon those conveenccs thaç corne by wine: yet notwithstandg all thi¢ 
fo such as are cold, or sluggish melancholy, a cup of wine  goed physic, and 
so doth Ieoeurial anç, consil. 25, in tha ce, if the temperature be co]d, 
 most melancholy men it. is, wine h much oemmended, ifit  modemtely used. 
Cer, Pry.] Cider and per are both cold and ndy drinks, and 
that uoe to be neglected, and  are all those hot spiced strong drinks. 
.] Br if if be over-new or over-stale, over-strong, or hot sodden, 
smell of the sk, shao, or sour,  most wholesome, frets, and galls, &c. 
emcus Ayrerus, in a  consultation of h,tbr one tt laed of hypochon- 
d rcal melancholy diommends boer. So doth  Cmto  that exoellent unl 
of his, Zib. 2. csg. 21.  too windy, buse of the hop. But he means 
bee that thick blk Bohemian beer d  some other s of °rmy 
« nil [i Illa [ *«othlng ¢ome la ao thic 
Dura bibitur, nil clari  dura mintar, unde [ othing go ont ao tli 
onstat, u6d mt c  ore t." It must needs foilow tlen 
As that voL1 pet ffed, OElling it Styg monstm conforTal[i, a mon- 
strous drink, like the river Styx. But let them y  they t, to such 
are cusmed unto it, «'t a most wholesome (so «olydor Vir OEeth 
and a plant dn" if is more subtile and better, for the hop that rarefi 
if, bath an especiul tue against melancholy,  out herboests oe, 
sis approv, L. 2. s. 2. ii, cap. 11. and many cthem. 
Was.] Sanding waters, thick and illoloed ; such  corne forth 
ls, sud mosts, where hemp bath boen stced, or slimy fish lire, a m 
unwholesome, putrefied, and full of mies, 'rs, slimy, muddy, mmlea 
copt, impure, y reon of the n's hcat, and still-stang; they 
foui distemperatures in the body anti rein4 o£ man, are nfit to lce drink 
of, to dre meat with, or to be "ed about men inwardly or outwardly. They 
e good for my domtic ,  h hor water csttl ., or  rime 

 Ne eome erustam, eholer&m qui« gllt am. SeoL SeL  Vin tbtdm. ZEx nl 
atent bibitione, duo Alema  o mense melaucholi fac t. m flil4eim, $picel. fol 27:. 
 Cr generat angnem.  About DanoEic  Spc Hambgh, lpsle. P   enric  briu- 
ce.  Po/ tare lu tutu Jucuad 1.1. rGalc t. L de . tuen4. Cvedoe sm aq 

r. 



|46 Cuses of 3.fetneho.y. [Part. 1. Sec. 

er necesslty, but net otherwise. Seine are of opinl,n, that such ftt standing 
waters make the best beer, and that seething doth defeeate il, as °Cardan 
holds, L/b. 13. subtil. "Il mends the substance, and snvour of il," but il i 
a pardox. Such beer may be stronger, but net se wholesome as the other, 
as Jobertus trldyjustifieth ou ofGalen, Paradox, dee. 1. Parndox .'9. that th 
seething of sueh impure waters doth net purge or purify them, Pliny, lib. 31. 
c. 3. is of the same tenet, and P. Creseentius, agricult, lib. 1. et llb. 4. c. 1 l. et 
c. 45. Pnmphilius I[erilachus, L 4. e/ na. aquarum, such waters nre nnught, 
net te be used, and by the testimony of *Galen, "breed agues, dropsies, 1,1eu- 
risies, splenetie and melancholy p.«sions, hurt the eyes, cause a bad tempe- 
rature, and ill disposition of thc whole body, with bad colour." This Jobertus 
stiffiy maintains, Paradox, lib. l. part. 5. hat il causeth blear eyes, bad colour, 
and many Ioathsome diseases te such as use il: thi. which they sny, stand 
with good reason ; for as geognq»hers relate, the water of Astracan breeds 
worms in such as drink il. ÆAxiu., or as new calle,l Verduri, the faires¢ river 
in hlacedonia, makes all eat.tle black that tte of il. Aleacman new Peleca 
another stream in Thessaly, turns cattle most part white, si potul du<as. 
L. Aubanu. Rohema. refers that struma or pokêofthe Bavarians and 8tyxîms 
te the nature of their waters, as  Munster doth that of the Valesians in th« 
A!ps, and «Bodine supposeth the stuttering of seine families in Aquitania, 
about Labden, te proeeed frein the saine cause, "and that the filth is derived 
frein the water o their bodies." Se that thcy tha¢ use fiithy, standing, ill- 
eoloured, thick, muddy water, must neêds bave muddy, ill-coloured, impure, 
and infirm bodie. And because the body works upon the mind, they shall 
have grosser uuderstandin, duii, foggy, melancholy slirits, and be really 
mbject te ail manner of infirmitie.. 
Te these noxious simples, we may re,luce a.n infiMte numbcr of cornpound, 
artificial, ruade dishes, of which our cooks afford us a great variety, as tailors 
de tashion. in out apparel. Such are puddings stuffed with blood, or other- 
wise composed ; baked meats, soused indurate meats, fried and broiled butterM 
meats; eondite, powdered, and over-dried, *ail cakes, simnêls, buns, cracknel. 
ruade with butter, sI, ice, &c., frittera, pancakes, Nies, sausages, and those 
several sauces, sharp, or over-sweet, of which scientia popi«oE, as Seneca calls 
il, hath served those aApician tricks, and perfumed dishes, which Adrian tho 
sixth Pope se much admired in the accomltS of his predecessor £eo dedmu; 
md which prodigiou. rio¢ and prodigality have invented in this age. These de 
generally engend«,r gross humours, fill the stomach with crudities, and all those 
inward parts with obstructions. Iontanus, consil. 22, gives instance, in . 
melancholy Jew, that by eatmg such tart sauces, ruade dishes, and sali meatg 
with which he wa. overmuch delighted, became melancholy, and waz evil 
affected. Such examples are familiar and common. 

Strszcr. II.--uantl/y of 1)iel a Cause. 
TR is net m ranch harm prooeeding from the subsnoe itself of ment, 
and quality of il, in fll-dreing and preparing,  there is frein the qunntity 
disorder of lime and place, unseonble use of i, "intemperance, overmuc 
or overligtle takiug of iV. A true saying iV is, l'lur crŒEpu fuàm #ius, 
OEhis gluttony kills more tn the sword, this omMvant. et lioEa gul 
• Innoxlum reddit et ene oleutem. « Contendit hoec itla coctloe non emenda, u LIb. de 
aquœe, hydropem auget, fcbres putrid spleuem, tme nucet Oculi malum habitum corporis et colorera. 
a blag. Nitem inducit si pecora birint.  Aqu ex nivibus eoace strumos faciunt, sCosmog. 
cap, 36. Metbod. htst. cap. 5. atbutiunt Labdont in Aqultania oh aqu» arque bi mbi ab 
¢orpo drantur.  Elulia ex sanguine et suffoto parts. Hildeaheim. • Cupedia veto, placen 
be]l eommentaqne alla euriosa plstom et quom, gttui rvlentlum conciliant morhos tutu coo 
tutu anime in,habiles. Philo Judus lib. de vlctlmls. P. Jov. vita eJus. 
bir,ls fed with fenn,-I and star.  a Pope's concubine used in Aviron, Stephan. ¢ Animoe nego 
 faceit» et e tempto Dii md sb Ia¢it. Pefi 10.  



]Iem. 2. ubs. 2.] 1), « Cus«. 147 

tbis all devourlng and malrderlng gut. And tlmt of tIliny is truer, "Simple 
diet £s the best; heaFing up oï severl ments is peieious, and sauoes worse; 
nmny dish bfing many diseas." Avicen cries out, " That nothing is 
woe than to feed on many dishes, or to prt the time of ments longer than 
ordinry; from theuce poeed out infirmities, and 'ris the fountaiu of ail 
diaoes, which ari out of the pugnancy of oss humours." Thence, saitlt 
Feelius, corne erudit, ies, wind, oppilations, eacochymi, plethor, eehexia, 
bmdiopepsi, «Hbe ubitoe , a ina« secus, sudden death, 
• e., nd wha no. 
As  lamp is choked wih z multitude of oil, or a lift, le tire with overmuch 
wood quine exinished, so  the nural hea wih immoderate eating, 
gled in the body. Pitio»a sentina «st ab«bn iat**rabile: one ith, 
n intiahle pauneh is  perniciou sink, ad he fotmia ofll dis, both 
of body and mind. tMereurlis will bave i a peculiar cause of this privae 
clisse; 8oleaander, eonsil. 5. sect. 8, illusgat his of Iercurialis, with 
example of one so melaneholy, ab intemtiv cmessatlonoE, uneonablo 
lasing. *Credo confis as much, in h ofen eited Counsel, 1, lib. . 
putting superfluous eatiug for a main eaux. B(I whaç need T seek farther 
for proo£«? [Ie Hippocrates himself, Lib. 2, Aphor. 10, " Impure bodies 
the more they are nourished, the more they are hu, for the noishment la 
putrefied with vicious humours." 
And yet for ail this barre, which apparenfly follovs suffeiting and drunken- 
ness, see how we luxuriŒte and rage in this kind; rd wha Johannes Stuckiua 
bath vritn laly of this subject, in his eat volume De A ntiquorum Conv& 
vlls, and of our pscnt age; Quà» portentosæ coenœe, prodigious suppem, 
 Qui dura invin ad coenam èræn ad sepulchrum, wha Fagos, Epicures, 
Apetios, IIeliogables, our times afford? Lucullus' ghost walka still, and every 
man desir o sup in Apollo ; sop's eostly dish is ordinarily served up. 
"][ag illajunt, quœe lluris emuntur. The deamst cates are best, and 'tis 
anordinarything to bestow tventy or thirty pontais upon a dish, somethound 
crowna upoa a dinner : Mully-Hamet., king of Fez and hlorocco, snt thme 
pounds on the sŒu of a capon : it is nothing in out rimes, we scorn ail that la 
cheap. " Ve loathe the very «light (some of us,  Senec notes) because iç 
com fi'ee, and we are oended with the snn'a heat, and the cool blasts, 
becau we buy them hot." This r we bmathe is so common, we care hot 
for if; nothing pleeth bu ha is dent. And if we be witty in auything, 
if is ad gulam: If we study at ail, it is erudito lue, to ple the palate, and 
to satist the gui. "& cook of old w a be knave (as 'Livy complains), 
but now a eat man in request; cookery is become an art,  noble science: 
coo re gentlemen:" en Ds: They wr "their brains in their 
llies, nd the,r guts in their heads,"  *Agripp taxed me prasites of 
rime, shing on their own destruction, as if a man should n upon the point 
of a sword, u¢ç, dura vumpantur comedun, "They eat till they burst :" 
day, all ght, let the physician say what he will, imminent danger, m,d ferai 
diseea at no,v ready to seize upon them, that will et till they vomir, Edun 
u von$, vomun ut en$ saith Senecj which Dion retes of Vitefiius, o 

«LII. II. c. 5. tlomlnl e|blls nfillsslmu$ slrnp/ex, aeatlo ¢ibnm pefer et ¢ondlmenta peiclos 
nuIt,s morbos multa fercula ferunt, s 3t. Dcc. 2. c. ihil deterius qtmm si tempus justo longins 
comcdendo protrahatur, et varia ciboire gera conjungantur : inde morborum scturlo, quoe ex reptg- 
nanti humorm m'itur.  Path. 1. 1. c. l&. * Juv. t. 5. t ila repletio cirum facit mclancho- 
licum.  Comtio attpeua bl, et potds quntit ntmi  imputa corpo quanto mta ntri 
tanto maI$ lædis: putrefacit enim alimcntum vitiosus humor, mVid. Goclen. de portentosis coeni&c. 
Puteanl Coin. v Amb. lib. de Jeju. cap. 14. "They who Invite us to our supper, on]y conduct us to out 
tomb.  *Jven. «The hght-pced dish afford the eatt atiflcatiou."  Gulccardin, 
• N$. qoest. 4. ca. ult. ftidio t lumen 'atuitum, dol quod sole, quod spiritum emere non possimu 
quod hic aër non empt ex facili, c. adeo nihil placeU nisi quod carum t. Ingeniosl  Gulam, 
• Olim vile manc]pium, hune 



148 

transtu«;borum nutrlrjudlcatus: Y[is meat did pass through and away, or till 
they burst again. "Strage anirantium ventre»t oa, and rake over ail the 
world, m se many slaves, belly-gods, and land-serpents, Et tot b 
im angt, the who world canner tisfy thcir appetite. "Se land, rivera, 
lakes, &c., may net give contenç te their raging gu." Te make up the me, 
wt immodera drg in every placei 5 potum pota traiter anus, 
how they flock te the tavern: as if they werefrug moee nati, bomt te 
no other end but te eat and drink, like Offelli Bibulus, that amous Roman 
parasite, Qui dura vint, aut bibi aut minxit ;  se many casks te hold wine, 
yea wo than a oasL that mars ne, d itffis net maed by if, yct these 
are brave men, Silenus Ebrius wm no braver.  q fnt v, 
nt: 'ris new the fhion of our tim, an boueur: un¢ v5  ta  
çoEiit ( Chsost. serra. 30, in v. Ephes. comments) Ut mi 
ignavi co Imbtur, l i.nebria; 'gis new corne te that ps that he is no 
gentlemau, a very milk-sop, a clown of no bringing up, that will net drink ; fig 
ibr no company; ho is your only gallant that ldaYa it off finit, no dispamge- 
ent new te sgr  the stoeets, roel, rave, &c., but much te his çame and 
reno; m in like  Epidicus told Thesprio h fellow-servant, in the Poet. 
dil ffin impSum, one urged, the other tplic A t jam aliire 
er illi la  hon, 'gis new no fault, there be se many brave examples 
te ar one ont; 'gis a credit te bave a strong brain, and cmTy hia liquor well 
the sole contention who tan drink most, and fox his fellow the soont. 'Tis 
the »ummum bum of out tmdesmen, their fecity, lire, and seul, Tanta 
cedine Ç«tant, ith Pliny, lib. 14. cap. 12. ut magna pars non aliud vit 
Troemium intdligat, their chief comfort, te bo mety together in au aleho 
er tavem,  our modern uoeot de in their mede-inns, and Tm-ks in their 
coffee-homes whioh much rmble our hver; they will labour hard aB day, 
long te be dnk at night, d snd toi anni bor,  St. Ambro adds, 
in a tippling feg; couvert day ¢o nighg,  Seueca tax seine in his gim, 
ervertu oc t et li when we re» they commonly go te bed» lo 
ot an¢ipodes» 
lllia sera rubeaa acadit lumina vper." 
Se did etronius in Tacitu¢ Heliogabal in Lampridiu 
 «. Nettes vlgilabat ad lum  -- « He drank the night away 
an em roture aterbat." Ttfi rng dawa» thea anored out all ¢he day2 
SnditheSybari neversawtho sun ri or set se much m onoe in twenty 
yrs. Veroes, ast whom Tully se much inveighs, in winter he never 
ra ct v tra ctum, never almos out of bed, »sti weneg ana 
drkiug; se did ho spend h rime, d se de myriads in our dvs. OEhey 
bave gymna boEum» chools and rendozvous; theoe oentaurs and lapithoe 
toss po and bowh  se many balls; invent new tricks,  usages, anehovie 
tooeo, cavie, pickled otem, heings, fumo, &c.: innumemblo lt 
meats te incre their appetito, and study how te hu themoelv by taking 
antidot "to OEr their drink tho better; «and when nought e serves, 
they wifi go forth, or be ¢onveyed out, te empty their gorge, that they y 
retttrn te dHk afr" They make laws, i«s &ges, copra bibaMifc, 
and "brag of if when they bave donc, crowning that man that is soont ne, 
m thoir drunken predssom vo done,h/ego voI Ps. Cuv 
coronâ Plum eum tuu. d when they are dead, fil bave 
a eau of wino with aron's old woman te  ongravon on the tome. Se 
v e. • auelpia  dapoe uoa poro ad nmpta timant. eea eooL a4 elvldlum. 
• $oevientla tra aatro non pount fluvll et maria. ne $ylVlm de mir. enrlal, • Plauta 
"l[or. lib. 1. Sat. 8.  Diei bretm oenvil uoetis longitudo stupris eontebatur, • Et quo 
eapianç iiments excotant, • For poat ut  onvlvium reportent, reple rit exhaurlan 
et exhal ut bibt. bt'. • geaa va velut  osatioa¢m &c. « ]aut s Lib. 



they triumph in villainy, and jnstify their wickedness; wlth «belis» tht 
rench LucRn» dnkenue is better for the body thRn physc» bsu thero 
more old drunkards than old phyci. Many such ffothy srments 
they hve»  invtng nd encouragg othe te de s they de, sd love them 
drly for it (no glue le te that oï good fcllows]Jp). Se dd Alcibides in 
Groece; Nero, Donosus, Heliogbalus in ome, or egabal rather, a he 
w styled of old (as * ]atius proves out of some old oeins). So do mny 
great men still, as  Heresbachitm observea Whcn a prco drin tiH  
eyes stare, like Bitias in the Poet, 

lt (] Ille imptger battU 

i « a thlrs[y mou|; 
He took challenge and embraced the l9wl : 
With plcas ,re mwill'd the gotd, nor ceased to 
Till he the bottera of the bl'immer sa.w." 

aud cornes off cle«rly, souud trumpets, file and drums, the spectators will 
applaud him, « the m b[shop himself (if he belie them net) with his chaplain, 
wil stand by and de  much," 0 dignum Tie £atum, 'twas donc like a 
prince. " Out Dutchmen invi ail come with a pail and a dish," Velu$ 
indibut ngras obbas exhauru,  in mgnstros poculis, ips 
zotr epotant, « making barrels of their belliea" Incredibi dtzt,  
= one of their o countrymen complains: « Qntum llç imtisslma 
ge capot, &e. "How they love a man that will be drunk, crown him and 
honour him for if,"haro him that wl net pledge him» sb m, kill him; a 
most intolerablc offence, and net te be foliven. ,, r He is a mortal enetny 
that will net driak with him,"  Iunster relates of the Saxons. Se in Pland 
ho is the best scrvitor, and the honestest fellow, saith Alexander Gaguinu 
"«that drinketh most healths te the hoaour ofhis mter, ho shall be rewarded 
 a good servant, and hold tho bravt fdlow that cmwi his liquor best," 
whcn a brewer's herse will bear much more th any sturdy drinkr, yet for 
his noble exploits in this kind, he shall be accounted a most valnt mn, fr 
" Tare iat epM «tis vit s« petit ac 6t bel,  much valeur is  be 
round in le,ring as in fightiag, and me of out city captains, and carpet 
knigh wilI make this good, and prove if. Thus they many rimes wiully 
pervert the good temperatur of their bodies, ste thdr wits, ztmngle natm'e, 
and degencrate into beasts. 
Seine again are in the other extoeme, and draw th mischief on their hea,ls 
by too ceremonious and strict diet, being over-precise, cockney-le, and curions 
in their observation of mts, rimes, as that «]Iedidna stata prcribe just se 
many ounces at dinner, which sus enjoins, se much at supper, net a littl 
more, ner a little loes, of such meat, and at such home, a diet-dk in the 
morning, cock-broth, China-broth, at dinner» plum-bth, a chicken, a mbbit, 
rib of a rack of mutin, wing of a capon, the merry-thought ofa hen, &c. ; te 
soundcr bodies this is too nice and most absnrd. Others offend  ovetmuch 
fting: pining aday saith "Guiancrius, and waking aghts, as my Moors 
and Turks in the our times de. "Anchori monks, and the test ofthat 
superstitious rk ( the saine Guianerins witnesset that he bath offert 
te have l,pened in his time) through immoderate fting, bave be¢n fi- 
quently mari." Of such mea behk Hippocrates aa, 1 Aphor. 5, when as 

• Gratlam conclllan poando.  otls ad C.ssres. • Lib. de edueandis prtncipum llbes. 
I Virg. . 1. m Idem strenui [aria t piscopi Scellan, m ingentem pateram exhaurit princeps. 
• Bobemus in Saonia. Adeo imntcrate et Immeste ab ipsis bibitur, ut in eompotatibus suis non 
cy,this lm et catt/hari/ t ]nfundege ssint, sed impletum mulcffale apponanket cutellg inject 
horntur quemlibet  libltm potare, • Dtctu incredibil quantum hujusce llquoHs immodta gens 
capia pi potantem amiciœeimum haben et oconanç tnimi¢iimum ê contra qui non x'ul et edo 
et ftibus epiant.  Qui potare recusa k hostls habet, et e nonnnquam r eapiatoe. ¢ Qui 
meli blbit pro lnte domini meHor habettw minuter, • Grœee. Poeta apud toboeum, ser. 18. J Q 
de o ejunn et ocge igitat, facile caOunt in e]acholim; oet qui tur odum excedunt, c. 5. 
act. 15. c. 2. nga f'nls tvlerntia, ut iis pe açcit q tunto c gçrvore D ç cu»g  
Jejlum» quod miaci eciantur» i»e vi a. 



150 Causes o.f MdoEncho?y. [Part. 1.8ce. . 

]e saith, " They more offend in o cparing dieU, and are worse damnifie,l» 
than they that feed liberally, and e rcdy to aurfit. 
o le   general, which admits hot me exception ; fo this, therefore, 
whieh hath been hitherto said (for I shall oflaerwioe put most men out of 
commons), and tho/e inoenvenieneezwhich proeeed ri-oto the substance of meat 
 intemperate or unseanable use of them, eustom aomcwhat detrts and 
qualifies, aeeordi»g to that of Hippoerates 2, AI,hofism. 50, " 
e have been long aeeustomed to, though they be evil in their own natte 
yet they are lezs oflçnsive." 0thevi it migh wdl be objeeted that it were 
a mere " tyranny to live after those strict rulcs of physie; $r ctom r doth 
alt»r nature itselt, and fo such  are used to them it makes bad mcats whole- 
aome, and unseamble times to cause: no disorder. Cider and perry are 
windy drhks, so are all fruits windy in themselves, cold most part, yet 
some shires of "England, Normandy in France, GuilmsCOa in SI»Mn , 'tis their 
common drink, and they are no whit offended wîth if. In Spain, Xtaly, and 
Africa, they lire most on roots, raw herbs, OEmel's "k, and if agrecs well 
with them : which to a stranger wfil OEuse much grievance. In 
cfiti vescuntttr, as Humphrey Llwyd eonfesth, a Cambro-Briton himselt; 
his elent epistle to Abraham Ortelius, they lire most on vhi meatsî 
tIoHand on fih, roots,  butter; and so af thia dv in Grâce,  * Bellonius 
observes, they had much rather feed on fish than flesh. With us, J[axi»m ars 
vt in carte conscrit, we feed on flesh most part, saith 
all nothern oeuntries do; and if wouhl be eeryofibnsiee fo us to lire after their 
diet, or they to lire after ours. We drink beer, they wine 
butter; we in the north are « eat eatcrs; they mozt Sl»arg in those botter 
oeuntries; and yet they mad we following our o eustoms are well pled. 
An EthioI,ian of old eing an European eat brad, wondered, qmodo 
c.s vceut viverimus, how we could eat such kind of ments:  much 
differed his counttTmen from out in diet, that  mine fauthor infe, 
illo»n zqctum al)ud ws œe»nuri vellet; if any man shoul I so feed with us, 
would be ail one to nourish, as Cicuta, Aconitum, or Hellebore itseoE Af this 
day in Chin the common people lire in a manner altogether on roots ami 
herbs, and fo the wealthiest, h«»r, s, mule, dogs, cat-fiesh,   delightme 
. the test, so ¢hlat. Riccitm the jesuit relat, vho lived mat,y years amongst 
them. The Tartars  raw meat, anti most cotnmonly t home-tic, h, drhk mdk 
and blood, as the Nomades of old. £t lac concretttm cure sangubpotat 
ŒEhey scoff af our Europeans for ting bread, vhich they ca tups of wecds, 
and horse meat, uot fit r men ; and yet Scaliger accounts them a sound and 
• vitty nation, living a hundred yem; even in the eivilest eount of them 
th%v do thus, as Benedict the jesuit observed in h ttvels, fmm the 
fors Court by land to ekin, which Riccius contends to be the sanm 
with Cambula i Cataia. In Scandia their bread is usually dried fish, and so 
evise  the hetland isles; a, thch" other tXre»  h Iceland, ith 
t In tenul Metn oe delinqunnKex qno fit ni mo affielanr detrimt% morqne 
lenio vctu.  Quoe Iongo rempote consueta sauBettamni detcrior minus in saetis molegre lent. 
• Qui mieè vlt, miserè vivit, r Consuctudo altera natur • tlerefordshir Gloueesterahir Wor¢er- 
ghire, a Leo Af. i. 1. tolo eamelornm ite contenti, nil proetea deliciatm 
l,utyrolutum bibunt (naeo referens) Bbique butyrum lnt omnia fereula et llarla IBm obtinet. 
Bteph. fa Herod. * Delecnt voeci piibus mages qUam eai, • b. 1. hier. Ang. t P. Joi 
dept. Btonum. They sit, ¢at attd drinR aH day at inn in icelan blcovy, and the north 
para.  $uid . Her. nihilo cure  melius quam  qui Cic»tam, Aeonilum, 
in lib. !. c. 3. hortensi herbarum et oium, al,ud inm qm apud uoa longe ft'equentlor ts, eom- 
plur quippe de vmo re null atià re vel tenuitati vel religion eausk 
AseiluN &c. œequë fere vuntur ac pab omni blat. Rilus, lib. b. cap. 12. « Tartari roulis, equia 



• Dithnmrus 131eskenius, butter, cheese, and fish ; their drlnk water, thcir 
lodging on the ground. Iii Ameriea in many places the bread is roets, their 
eat ilmitos, pinas, potatoes, &c., and sueh fruits. OEhe be of them too that 
çamiliafly drink  lt seR-water ail their liv, et  rw mt,-% aud 
with deght. With some, fish, serpets, spidet ; and in divc plae they 
 eat man's flesh, raw and roted, even the Einperor  Montczuma himself. 
some eoasts, agin, one tree yiclds them coeoa-nuts, meat and driuk, tire. 
fuel, apparel ; with his leave% oii, vlnegar, cover f,r hous, &c., and yet thes 
men going naked, feeding coarse, lire mmonly a htmdred years, are sehlom 
or never sick ; ail which diet dur 1,hysicians ibrbid. In Westphal they 
feed most part on tt ments and wourts, knuckle deep, and eall it  
lis : lu the loweount.fies with roots, in Italy ti'og d snaih are used. 
Turks, ith usbequius, delight moet in fried meats. In Mtlovy, gadie 
and onions are ordiaa T ment and uee, which would be penfieious to such as 
are unaceusomed to them, delightsome to othe ; and ail is  eau flaey 
bave beeu bronght up unto it. l[usbaudmen, and such  labour, eau t fat 
baeon, sait gross ment, hard cheese, &e. (0 dura #sorm ilbt), crse 
bread at ail timo, go to bed and laur upon a full smach, which fo 
idle persons would be prent death, and is against the rul ofphysic, so that 
custom is all in ail. dur t«avelle fiud this by eommon expe6euce when they 
ce»me in tr eouutries, and use their ct, they are zuddcly ofiended, » as dur 
ollaude and Englishmen when they touch upon the eo ofAfriea, those 
]milan capes and islands, are oemmoly molested with ezlentures, fluxes, and 
much distempered by reason of their fruits. *ereffrina, a suave, soleng 
• es pe,'tur6«ts .in.,i# «¢rre, strange ments, though plent, 
cau notable nltcrationsand dismpers. On the other side, use or eustom 
ndtigate or makes ail good agaiu. Mithridates by otten u, which Pliny 
wonde at., w able to dfiuk poisou ; and  maid,  Curti records, sent to 
Alexander ti'om K. Porus, w brought up with poison from her iufancy. The 
ïm'ks, snith ellouius, lib. 3, e. 15, eat opium tmiliarly, a drachm at once, 
which we dare hot te in grains. » Garcius ab HoxoEo writes of one whom 
ho saw at Goa in the East Indies, that took ten drachms of opium  t.hree 
days ; aud yet c«lto &qaeur, spake understandgly, so much oeu custom 
do. « Theophmstus speaks ofashcpherd that could eat heHebore in substance. 
nd thelbre Cardan concludes out ofGalen, Couudiaem tcunœ]èren- 
d«m, ni vddè ma£m. Cusm is howsoever to be kept, exoept it be ex- 
tremely bad : he adseth ail men to keep their t,ld customs, aud that by the 
authority of * Hippocrates hmoel£ Dandum allquid tempo, œetati, 
cotbd, and thefore to "ntiaue a thcy began be it dict, bath, 
cise, &c., or whatsoever else. 
 nother exception  delight, or appetite, fo such and such mcats ; though 
they be hard of digestion, melancholy ; yet  FuchMus excepts oep. 6. lib. 
Institut. sect. 2. "" The stoch doth ry gest., and wilngly ente2ain 
such mcats ve love most and are pleing to , abhors on the other side such 
 we distte." Which ppocras confirms, Aphorm. 2, 38. Some can- 
hot eudure cheese out of a secret tipathy, or to see a rtcd duck» which 
to others  a «dclightsome meat. 
The lt exoeption  ncccsAty, poverty, wanh hger which drivcs meu 

s Tslandloe deserlptlone, vletns eorum but3-ro, Jacte, caseo ¢Mt4t  plsees loeo partis hsbent, pos, sq 
ut serum, lc vunt sine medicin multi d anos 200. * Laet. occident, lnd. dept, lib. ll. p. 10. 
qm manam biber sueli ahane nox.  Davl 2. voyage, a Patrons. « Benzo et 
Fer. Corti lib. nov orb lnscrip, a Llnseoten, e. 56. palmoe st toti orb arboribus longe 
proesntior, a l,ips, epist. - Tenerls muere multum, a Repentiuoe mutation nozam piunt. 
llippocrat. Aphorism. 21. Epht- 6. ct. 3. • Bnu lib. l- p. . ¢ Simpl. med. e. 4 i. 1. 
,t ,,,,«  R -1 nrax m¢d *Aphoam. i. ludubiisnauetdiem $cqudtadolcenet 
laëëë'ëçê -" [çuiÇum çoluptate ummtur clbl venU'ieulus avidlu complectitnr exefimue 
P  • • ,. 



many times te de that which otherwise they are loth, canner endure, and 
thaukfully te accept of it : as beverage in ships, and in sieges of great cities, 
te feed on dogs, cats, rats, and men themselves. Three outlaws in "Hector 
Boethius, being driven te their shifts, did eat raw flesh, and flesh of such fowl 
as they could catch, in one of the Hcbrides for seine few months. These 
things de mitigate or diannul that which bath been said of melancholy 
nmats, and make it more tolerable; but te such as are wealthy, live plenteously, 
at case, may take their choice, and refrain if they will, these viands are te 
be forborne, if they be inclined te, or suspect melancholy, as they tender their 
healths : Other*viso if they be intemperate, or disordered in their diet, at their 
peril be it. (i moe amat, Are e cave. 
He who adv|ses |s your frlend, 
lrare'el/ ad o your health attend. 
SuBsEcr. IV.-- Retentira and Evacuation a cause, and £ow. 
OF retention and evacuation, there be divers kinds, which are either con- 
comitant, assisting, or sole causes many time of melancholy, x Galen re- 
duceth defcct and abundance te this head ; others «rA_ll that is separated» or 
Çostes.] lu the first rau] of these, I may well rec]or up costivenes, 
and keep]ng iu of our ord]nary excremeuts, which as it often cuseth other 
diseaes, so thisof melaucholy iu particulr. "CeIsus, lib. I. coEp. 3. sith, 
"It produceth ifloEmmation of the head, du]ness, cloudness, Imadahe, &c." 
lrosper Ca|uus, .  OEtrî 6G, will ave it d]stemper hot the organ only, 
« ° but the miud itself by troubling of it :" and sometmes it is a sole cuso 
of mduess, as you may rend iu te first book of bkeukius's ]lediciul Obser- 
ation A young merchant goig to Nordel]n fa]r iu Germany, ir teu days' 
pace uever went to stool  at his returu he was 'ievouly melaucholy, thmk- 
/ng tt he ws robbed, aud would not be persuded but that all h]s money 
was gone; hs friends thought ho had seine phi]trum given hm, but Cnelius, 
a physician, be]ng sent for, found his dcostiveness alerte te be the cause, and 
thereupon gve him a clyster, bywhich he wsspeedily recovered. Trincavel- 
lius, consult. 35 lib. I. saith a much of a melancholy lawyer, te whom he 
administered physic, and l=todericus 
patient of his, that for eight days was bound, and therefore melancholy 
affected. Other retentions and evacuations there are, net simply necessary, 
but at some times ; as Feraclius accounts them. Path. lib. 1. cap. 15. as 
suppression of hoemorrhoids, or monthly issue in women, bleeding af nose» 
immoderate or no use at all of Venus : or any other ordinary issues. 
° Detention of hoemorrhoids, or monthly issues, Villanovanus Breviar. lib. 1. 
cap. 18. Arculanus, cap. 16. in 9. Rhasis, Vittorius Faventinus, pract, mg. 
Tzact. 2. cap. 15. Bruel, &c. put for ordb,ary causes. Fuchsius, 1. 2. sect. 5. 
30. goes farther, and saith, "That many men uuseasonably cured of 
hoemorrhoids have been corrupted with melancholy, seeking te avoid Scylla 
they fall into Charybdis. Galen, l. d Ium. com». 3. ad text. 26. illustratesthis 
by an exemple of Lucius Martius, whora he cured of madness, contracted by this 
me_ans : And sSkenkJus hath two other instances of two melancholy and mad 
• vomcn, se caused frein the suppression of their months. The saine may be 
aid of blceding at the nose, if it bç su,]dnly stopped, and bave been formerly' 
used, as h Villanovanus urgth : And Fuchsius, lib. 2. sect. 5. cap. 33. 
• L|b. Y. Hist. Scot. •0. srfis, • Qn.'e excernnntur sut subsstunh • Ex ventre suppresso 
|nflammatincs capit|s dolorea ¢allgines crescmtt, • Excrementa retenta rnentis ,gitationem parere 
soient, • Cap. de Mel. • Tare deliru.% ut 
' Per ocre d|es alvum si¢cum habet, et nihil reddit, • bive per nares, sire hoemorrhoide.  Multt 
l«tempestlvè ab hoem»rrhoidibus curati» melancholit ¢orrulti sunt. ln¢idit in S¢yllam, &c. # Lib. 1o 
de Mania. • Breviar. 1 7. c. 18.  Non fine magnv iacvmod cju oui s-nguis a nribtm lromanst 
il angulnis vacuatio hnl)etlh-i otest. 



]Hem. 2. Subs. 4.] _iïetentort and E'vuation» Caus. 153 

8tiffiy maintains, "Tha withou grea danger, such an issue may no 
8tayed." 
Venery omitted produceth like effects. ]Iathiolus, eT/st, g. 1. penult. 
«  avoucheth of his knowledge, that some through bhfulns abstained fmm 
venery, and thereupon became ve heavy and dull; and some othem tha 
were very timorous, melancholy, and beyond ail mesure d." Oribi, . 
volet, l. 6. e. 37. spea of some, " That if they do not se carnal copula- 
tion, are continually troubled with heavine and headache; and some in tho 
saine c by termission of it." Not uoe of it hurts many, 'cuhmus, c. 6. 
in 9. lsis,  Ma.çnin, para 3. vap. 5. thiak, beoE it "sends up 
poino vapours to the brMu and heart. And so doth Galon himse hold, 
" That if this natural seed be over-long kepç (in some parties)it tms to 
poisom" Hieronymm IercuriMis, in his chapter of Melancholy, cites it 
an esclal came of this malady,  Priapismus, Satyriasis, &c., Haliabb, 5. 
Tlt. e. 36. reckons up this and many other disee. Vfllanovanm Breviar. 
l. 1. c. 18. ith, « He knew "many mo and widows grievously troubled 
with mdancholy, mari that for this sole cause." r Lodocus 5Iercatus, 1. 2. 
mul&mm act. cap. 4. and Rodericus k Ctro, de b tulr. l. 2. c. 
treat rgely of this subjcct, and will bave if produce a peculiar kind of melan- 
choly in stale maids, nus, and widows, Ob supprm um  venere»t 
omh'sam, tbni, «&tæ, anxioE, voeundæ, s,qicios, &ngntes, colii i 
opé, n tmma vitoe et rerum »lram perat@, &c., they are melanchly 
m the highest degree, and ail for want of husbands. linus Montalt, cap. 
37. de n«hol. confirms as much out of Galen ; so doth Wier, 6'itrist, 
h effa  a't. n. lib. 3. a 14, relates mmty such exemples of men and 
women, that he had oeen so melancholy. Foelix Plater in the fit book of 
Observations, "« relis a story of an ancient gentleman in Altia, that mar- 
ried a young wife, and was hot able to pay his deb in that kind for a long 
time together, by reason of his several iufirmities: but he, cau of this 
inhibitioa of Venus, fell into a hon'ible fury, and desimd eve T one that came 
to see ber, by words» looks, and gestms, to have to do with her," &c. "Ber- 
nardus Paterne, a physician, saith, " IIe knew a good honest godly priest, 
that becauoe he would neither willingly matiT, nor make use of the ews, 
fell into grievous melancholy fits." ildesheim, s2»el. 2. bath such another 
example of au Italian mehmcholy priest, in a conatdtation had Anno 1580. 
Jon Pratensis gives instance  a married man, that from his we's death 
. abstg» "" after mariage, became exceedingly melancholy," Roderis h 
Fonoeca in a young man  miffccd, Tom. "2. colt. 85. To these you 
may adti, if you plcase, that conceited tale of a Jew, so visited  hke sor, 
d ao cured out of Poggius Florentinus. 
Intempem Ven  ail but  bad in the other extmm Galeu. l. 6. 
m'b popu&r. t. 5. xt. 26, recko up melancholy amongs those diseaoes 
which are "exasrated by venery:" so doth Avicenn 2» 3. a ll. Obi- 
siéra, . ct. 'icinus, lib. 2. de sanitat« tndâ. Mamili Coatus» Ion- 
talt, va. 27. Guianerius, Trot. 3. cap. 2. hIagnin, «a. 5, .part. 
* gN the ron, bee "" if frigidas and drie up the body, conse$ 
 Novl quotdam proe pudore à ¢oi atet toido pirogue faos; nnull ¢tiam me/au. 
eholieo proeter modum mto timidosque, t Nonnulli nisi ¢o id pitis gravitate inftantur. 
Dicit  novice quvam -te et ira f»cto ex Intemiioue Veneri. m Vapor venenato mittit 
pea ad cor et eerebm. Sea pl diu rctentum, transit  venenum. * Gv pmducit 
tri et anl oeitndin. * E tpeate tupra modum rcteto mona¢ho  vidun meneho¢o 
pe fled vl. • Melcholia ta à vis minis In utero, q Nobilis senex Alt juvenmn 
uxorem dl at IHe colico dolor et m ultis morbls cot non t prtstare oum mit vix init,» 
atrtmonio oeot. IUa  hoendum furorem iudi ob Venerem cohibim ut omuium m visen- 
tium num voc v gtu epeterek et qu o ¢onntirenç moios Anlios 
xpetiit ore. r Viii erdotem optium et pi, qui quod nollet uti Ven' in 
eymptoma lncldit, eOb atinentism h conbitu incidit tri melcl]oliam. * Qu h coi excr- 
at. u Supetum toit u çua ot. z xst corp it t» &c.» cawt 
hoç ccÇ vut o mott. 



and Evacuat{n, C, uses.« [Part. 1. Sec. 2. 

the splrits, and would therefore bave all such a.s are cold an,1 dl T to take hee,l 
of and to av»id it as a mortal enemy." Jacchinus it 9. 2?ha, cap. 15, 
6b the me cause, and instanceth in a patient of his, that married a 
yonng wifc in a hot summer, "rand  dried bimself with chamber-work, that 
he beoeme in short space h'om melancholy, mad :" he cure,I him by moten- 
ing remedies. The like example I fiud in Loelius K Fonte Eugubinus, co. 
129. of a gentlcman of Venice, that upon the saine occasion waa rst OEel- 
choly, aKrwarAs mad. lead in him the story at large. 
Auy other evacuation stopped will cae it, as well m« these above nam, 
be it bile, "ulcer, issue, &c. Hercules de Saxonih, lib. 1. c. 16. and Gor- 
douius, verify this out oi their experience. They w one wounded in the 
head, who as long  the sore v open, Lucida huit ttis int, was 
vcll but when it w stopped, ]ciit w[aac/wlia, hs mclancholy fit ized 
on him again. 
Arhficial evacuations are much ke in effect, as hot house baths, blood- 
lettiug, purug, unanably and immoderately used. "Baths dry toe much, 
if used in exoe, be they natural or artificial, and offcnd extreme hot or cold ; 
one dries, the other rfrigerates over much. Iontanus, course. 137, saith, 
they over-ht the liver. Job. Suthius, ,S'ti9mat. artS. l. 4. c. 9. contends, 
" that if ont stays longer than ordinary at the bath, go in too oft, or at 
unsonable timc he putrefies the humom in his body." To this purpose 
vrit.es Mainus, l. 3. c. 5. Guiauerius, Tract. 15. c. 21, utterly disaHows all 
hot baths in melancholy adust. "« I saw (saith he) a man that hboured of 
the gout, who to be ik'eed of h mMady came to rhe bath, and was instantly 
cured of his dis but got anothcr worse, and that w madness." But this 
judgmcnt varis as the humour dotb, in hot or cold: baths may be good for 
one melancholy man, bad fvr anthcr; that which wi cure it  this i»arty, 
ay oeuse it in a second. 
Plbotomy.] hlcbotomy, many times ncglected, may do much harm fo 
t.he body, vhcn there is a manifst rcdundance of bad humours, aml melan- 
choly blood; and when the humou heat and boil, if this be hot used in rime, 
the paries affected, so inflamcd, are in 'eat danger fo Le mad ; but if it bc 
unadvly, importunely, immMeratcly used, it doth  much harm by rcfri- 
gerating the body, dulliug the spirits, and consuming them: as Jvh. *Curio in 
his 10th Chaptc» wcll rcprehends, such kiud of letting blood doth mooe blrt 
than gd: "tThe humours rage much morc thau they did befo, and la so 
thr from avoidlng mclancholy, that it inceth it, and wkeneth the ght." 
Prosper Calenus observes as much of ail phlebotomy, except they keep a very 
good diet after it; yea, and as  Leonaus Jacchiuus speaks out of his owu 
experieuce, " The bld is much blacker to many men after their letting of 
blood than it was at tirst." Fr this cause bclike Salust. Salvhiamts, l. 2. 
c. 1. wiH admit or hear of no bloed-letting at all in this dee, except it be 
manift it proceed t?om bloed: he w (it appâts) by his own words h tt 
p, toaster of an hospital of mad men, "  and round by long experience, 
that this kind of evacuation, either in head, arm, or any othcr pat% did more 
harm tn goed." To t opinion of hi « Fdix Ylater  quite oppo, 
• Ira exslccstus ut è melanchollco statlm ruent insanus, ab humectantibus at • Ex uterio et 
cere exsicto, s Gord. c. 10. lib. Il Di»commeuds ¢old batlm  noxious, t Siccum rdunt 
orp. « Si quis longius moretur in iis, aut nlmis fi'uenter, aut importun utatur, hunorca 
utrefacit. a l. go anno superior% quendam ttosum vidi adtum, qui ut lirm'etur de tl 
 baInea acclt, et e guttu lirat maniac f4ctu. t. ¢On S¢hola SaIe-nitan «CMoEtio et 
cblitio r venœe in¢iionem, maKs pe incitur et augetur, more impetu humor per corp dur- 
runt. ¢ Lib. de flatulenta Mclchoa. £rucns sangis miio cocus extent.  In 9 Rha. atram 
bilera PG e sum eblitat. .Mto niior pectatur ngms post di quosda, quhm fuit ab 
Initio. a Non laudo eos qui in dlpIcntia doceut ndam e ven front quia spirit debilitatur 
Ind et o longà experienti observavi In propo Xenodoch]o, qubd dipieut ex phletomi£ mis 
lduutnr, et magis dipiç et mancho]ici sa fiunt inde pejor. * De ments a]iat. p. 3. et»i 
Dmltus bac il,r..l», s¢'ia» inneroe bac ratioae enatos ngA obrvaflone cu8novi » qui vieil» - 
 ven tundda,  



Ierm 2. Subs. 5.] 27ad Air, a Cause. 155 

"though some wink af, disallow and quite eotxtradicç all phlebotomy i mela- 
eholy, yet by long experiece I bave foud imtumerable so saved, afterthey hatl 
been twenty, nay, sixty time let blood, and fo lire hapl»ily after if. It was 
an ordinary thig of old, in Galen's time, to take at once lom 8:ch men six 
pounds of blood, which nov we date scarce take in ouuces: sed vlderi 
«ezli«i;" great books are written ot thiz subject. 
Pur--6ng upward and downward, in abundance of bad humors omitted, may 
be for tire worst; so likewize as in the precedcut, if overmuch, too frequent 
or violent, if i weakeneth their sttngth, saith Fuchius, l. 2. sect. 2. c. 1 ;. or 
if they be strong or able to endure physic, yet if briugs them to an ill habit, 
they make their hodies no better thaa apothecaries' shol» , this aud »uch like 
intirmities muet nceds follow. 

SUSECT. V. 27ad Air, a Cause of ,]£eznc£o[y. 

Airt i., . cause of great moment, in producing this, or any other d[sease, 
being that if is still taken into our bodi by respiration, and our more immr 
parts. «  If if be impure and foggy, if dejects the spirits, and causeth dis- 
cases bv infection of the heart," as Paulus hath it, lib. 1. c. 49. fi_vicenn 
lib. 1. ed. de. san. tueulâ. ]Icrcurialis, ]k[ontaltus, &c..  Fernelius saith, " 
thiek air thickeueth the blood and humours." ° Lemnius reckons up two main 
things mot profitable, and most pernicious fo our bodies; air and diet: and 
this peculiar disease, nothing sooner causeth (» Jobertus holds) "than the air 
wherein we bathe and lire." * Such as is the air, such be our sl»irit.; and 
as our spirits, such are our humours. It offends commonly if it be too « hot and 
dry, thick, fuligiaous, cloudy, blustering, or a tempestuous air. ]3odine in his 
fiïth Book, De repub, cap. 1, 5. of his Iethod of History, proves that hot 
countries are most troubled with melancholy, and that there are therefore in 
pain, Afi'ica, andAsia $Iinor, grêat numbe- of rond men, insomuch tha they 
are compelled in ail cities of note, to bttihl peculiar hospitals for tbem. Leo 
• A,%r, lib. 3. de Fessa urbe, Ortelius and Zuinger, confirm as much : they are 
orditxarily so cholerie in tiroir speeches, that scarce two words pas8 vithou; 
r:tiling or chiding in commotx talk, and often quata'elling in the streets. 
• Gordonius will have every man take not.ice ofit: "Note this (saith he) that 
in hot countries it is fr more familJar than in cold." Although this we haro 
now said be hot eontinually so, for as t Acosta truly saith, uuder the Equator 
itself, is a m.»st temperate habitation, wholesome air, a paradise of pleasure: 
the leaves ever grêen, cooling showers. But if holds ia such as are intem- 
perately hot, as  Johannes à ][eggen round in Cyprins, othem in Malta, 
Apulia, and the +Holy Land, whero st some seasons of the year la nothing 
but dust, their rivera dried up, the air scorehing ho, and earth inflamed; 
insomueh that many pilgrims going barefoot for devotiotx sake, from Joppa to 
Jerusalem upon the hot sands, oïten run mad, or else quitc overwhelmed with 
r, aad, profundis arenis, n-s in many pa'ts of Af,'ica, Arabia Deserta, Bactriana 
tow Charassan, when the west wind blows ++ lnvoluti arenis trmseuntes 
tut.  Hercules de Saxonia, a professor in Venice, gives thiz cause why 
many Venetiart women are melancholy, Qufid diù sub'sole degant, they tarry too 
long in the sun. hlottanus, consil. 21. amont other causes assigns this; 
Why that Jew his patient was nad, Qufid tan multum exposuit se calori 
 Vires debilitat, ffi lmptwu aër spiritus dejicit, infecto corde girnit morb, n Sang'uinem 
]ensat, et humores, P. I. e. ]3. o Lib. 3. cap. 3. • Lib. de qum'tana. Ex aëre mbiente 
eon[rahi[ur Iumor rne]ancbolicns« * Qualis aër, talis spiritus : et cujusmodi spiritus, humores. 
q A-.'liatts $lon[a|[us, cap. 11. caiidtm et siccua, frigidtm et siccus, paludinosu cra.stm, • Mula hic in 
Xcmdochiis fana[icorum millia qu.e stric[issimè ca[ena[a servan[ur, • Lib. ed. part. 2. cap. 19. Intvllige, 
qllod in calidis reglonibus, frequenter accidit mania, in frigidis au[cm tardC t Lib. 2. • Hodopericon, 
cap. 7. " Apuii oes[ivo calorc rnaximè ferve, ira ut ante finem Maii pene extmta it. 1: ' They 
pcrish In c]outls ofsand." Mazinus Pers. • Pniheoseu Praot. med. 1. 1. p. 16. Veneta 



156 Causes of Mdanehdy. [Part. 1. Sec. 2. 

fi'igo-i: he exposed himself so much to heat and cold, and for that reason 
Venice, there is little stirring in those brick paved streets in summer about 
noon, they are most part thon asleep : as they are likewise in the great Iogol's 
countrie, and all over the East Iadies. At Aden in Arabia, as • Lodovicus 
Vertomanmm relates in lais travels, they keep their markets in the night, 
avoid extremity of heat; and in Ormus, like cattle in a pasture, people of ail 
sorts lie up to the chin in water all day long. At Braga in lortugal; Burgos 
in Cast[le; Iessia in Sicily, ail over Spain and Italy, their streets are mos 
part narrow, to avoid the sunbeams. The Turks wear great turba adfugan- 
;Ios solis .adios, to refract the sunbeams; and much inconvenience that hot 
air of Bantam in Java yields to our men, that sojourn there for traffic; whero 
it is so hot, "" that they that are siek of the pox, lie commonly bleaching in 
the sun to d» T up their sores." Such a complaint I read of those isles of Capo 
Verde, fuurteen degrees from the Equator, they do uzl$ auvlire:  One calls 
them the unhealthiest clime ofthe world, for fluxes, foyers, frenzies, calentures, 
which commonly seize on seaF&ring mon that touch st them, and ail by ressort 
of a hot distemperature of the a;r. The hardiest mon are offended with this 
best, and stifft clowns cmnot resist it, as Constantine affirms, Agndt. 
l. 2. c. 45. They that are naturally born in such air, may hOt "endure it, as 
Niger records ofaome part of Mesopotamia, now called D}arbecha: Quibusda 
i,t locls soevienti oestui adeo subjecta et, ut pleraque animali fervore so[is e 
ceeli extirguantur, 'ris so hot thcre lu some places, that mon of the country ami 
cattle are killed with it; and Adricomius of Arabia Feli, by tesson oî 
myrrh, frankincense, and hot spices there growing, the air is so obnoxiona fo 
thcir brains, tLat the very inhabitauts at some rimes cannot avoid if, much 
less wcaklings and strangers. : Amatus Lusitanus, cent. 1. curnt. 45, reporta 
of a young maid, that was one ¥incent a currier's daughter, some thirteen 
years of age, that would wa.h ber ]»air in the best of the day (in July) and 
so let it dry in the sun, " fo make it yellow, butby that means tarryig too 
long in the best, she inflamed ber head, and ruade herself mad." 
Cold air in the other extreme is almost as bad as hot, and so doth ]Iontaltus 
esteem of it, c. 11. if it be d T withaL In those northern countries, the peoplo 
arc therefore generally dull, henry, and many witches, which (as I have beforo 
quoted) Saxo Grammaticus, OIaus, ]aptista lorta ascribe fo melancholy. 
these cold climes are more subject to natural melancholy (no this artificial) 
vhich is cold and dry: for which cause ° Mercurius Britaunicus bellke purs 
melancholy mon fo inhabit j ust under the Pole. The worst of the three is a 
« thick, cloudy, misty, lggy air, or such as corne from fens, moorish grounds, 
lakes, muckhills, draughts, sinks, where any carcasses or carrion lies, or from 
whetme any stinking fulsome smell cornes: Galon, Avicenna, Mercurialis, ne 
and old physiciana, hold that such air is mwholesome» and engenders melan- 
clmly, plagtms, and what not ° lexandretta an haven-town in the Mediter- 
rancart Ses, Saint John do Ulloa, an hayon in/ova-][ispania, are much con- 
demned for a bad a'lr, so are Durazzo in Albania, Lithuania, Ditmarsh, Pomp- 
tinoe Paludes in Italy, the territories about Pisa, Fondra, &c., Romney Marsh 
v¢ith us; the Y[itndredsin Essex, the fens in Lincolnshirc. Cardaa, de eru 
va'ietate, l. 17. c. 96. finds fault with the sight of thoso rich, and mos 
populous cities in the Low Countries, as Bruges, Ghent, Amsterdam, Leyden, 
Utrecht, &c., the air la bad; and so af Stockholm in Sweden; lïeium 
Italy» Salibtu-y with us, [ull and Lyan : they may be commodious for navi-- 
• IVavlg. llb. 2. cap. 4. commercla noce hor secundî, ob n|mios qui eviuut interdlu mains, exercent. 
• Morbo Gallico laborantes, expontmt ad solem ut morbos exsiccent * Sir Richard Hawkins in 
Observations, scct. 13. • nippocratea, 3. Aphorismorum idem ait.  Idem Iagtnns in Persia. 
2 Descript. Ter. aanct, t Quum ad solis radios in leone lonl;am moram traheret, ut capiilos flavoa 
redderet in maniam incidit. * lundtts airer et idem, seu Terra Australis incognita, d Crains et 
Surbidu adr» triatem eRicit animam, • Commonl¥ cal»ed candaroon in Aia M/cor. 



[em. 2. Subs. 5.] Bar] Air» a Cuse. 

tion, this new kind of fortification, and many other go,-1 necessary uses; bug 
are they se holemel Ohl Reine bath desoended frein tho hills te tho 
*alley, 'ris the site of most of out nev cities, and hold bt te buil.I in plains, 
te ke tho oppounity of rive. Leander Alus plead hard for the air 
and te of Venioe, though the black Moorhh lands appear st eve low 
wamr: the a, fi, and smoke ( ho thks) qualify the a; and 
s, tppose, that a thick foggy air helps tho memory,  in them of Pisa in Italy; 
and o Cambden, out of Pltto, com:nends the site of Cambridge, beoeme if 
is se nr the fens. But let the site of such places be m iç may, how can they 
 excused that bave a delicious seaç a pies=rit air, and a that natte oaa 
afford, and yet through their own nastiness, an sluttishne, immd and 
sordid manuer of lit, surfer their air te putrefy, and themoelves te ho 
chokod up Many cities in Turkey de ma audb'e in this nd : Constanti- 
nopie ilç where oemmonly ion lies in the streŒt. Seine find tho 
fault  Spain, even in Madrid, tho king's sont, a most exoellent air, a pleut 
; but the iahabitants are slovens, and tho stts uucleanly kept. 
A troublesome tempestuous a is  bad  impure, rough and foui we- 
ther, impetuous winds, doudy dark days, as it is commonly with u 
vJam, « Polydor calls it a filthy sky, oe in qaoftc geantur n; 
 Tully's brothcr Quiut wmte to him in ome, being then Quoestor 
dim " a thick and doudy air (ith Lemni)men are tetric, d, 
and vish: And if the western winds blow, and tt there be a calm, or a 
fait aunshine day, there la a kind of alacrity in men minds; it choem up 
men and hepta: but if it be a turbtflent, rough, doudy, stormy weather, meu 
are d, lump and much dejected, angry, wasph, dall, and melauchol'." 
ï was  Vh-giçs expement of old, 
«Vem ubl tempête, et coeli moblI humor [ «Bat when the face ofheaven changed  
$1utavere vice, et Jupiter humid Austl, [ To teulpU, l'aih, from on fair: 
ertuntur peci aaimog'u ci ectore mo Our minds re tere nd in oto" bre 
And who  not wt.her-w[se against snch and such conjnnctions of planers, 
moved in foui wther, dull and hvy in such tempestuous sons? 
vontt Aqrius annum: the rime require and the autumn brds it; 
wr  IoEe  if, ugIy, fo qhd, the air works on al[ me% more or 
ls, but ¢sciaIly on such  are mehncholy, or inclined to it,  mni 
holds,  "They are most moved wlth it, and tho which are already d, rave 
downright, either i or agai a mpt. Besicles, the devfl many times 
hk  oppounity of such stores, and when the humoum by the a 
sti he goes h with them, exagitates out spiri, and vexeth out souls 
the s wav so are the spirits aud humours in o bi tocd th tem- 
stuo winds and srms." To such  ar mehacholy thefom, Montanus, 
rond. 24, wifi have tempestuo and rough air to be aided, and co. 27, 
1 night a, and would hot have them to wa abroad, buç h a rleant day. 
mni, l. 3. c. 3. dimmends the uth and tem winds, commends the 
no iontu g. 31, "*wfl not any windows to be opened h the 
nigh" G'o. 229.  col. 230, he commends esciMly the uth wind, 
d noctal air: So doth "Plurc The night and darkne makes men 
, the e do a subterran vats, dark ho in caves and rocks, de- 
 plaoes u mehncholy in  it, especiaHy such  bave nag been 
tAfl geoaphlc. femoa valent PisanL quod erlore fiantur aëre. • b. I. bi. lib. 2. cap. 
. a den ac lino tetrici homin ext et aublrt et p. • atante subiauo et Zephyr, 
axima  mentib bomtnum al exti meurtrie erectto ubi telm l apleade nttcit, 
Maxima dejectio moerorque aiqudo aa Hgmo t.  Gtç t Hor. a Me qb 
ab re cito offendunt, et mul i d Belg te mpta vi ter qnieti. Spint 
quoque a et mali genH altqudo  mptibus nget, et menti bumanoe  nr 
mque vex extt, et ut fluct mani, hum  ven it. ] er necm 
et t mOtt b. de ide et Osyd 



I 58 6'«u o.fMdndo. [P:r. 1. Sec. _'2. 

I1e,1 fo if, or othervise accustomed. Rend more of air in IIippocrates, 
.Etl.uz, l. 3. à e 171. ad 175. Oriba«ius, à c 1. ad 21. vicem 
o, doe. 2, 'en. 1. v. 123. fo the 12, 

SUBSEçr. I.--lmmocleraîe Exercse a C«use, and £ow. ,.olitariness, Id'leness. 
OTlSO so good but i may be abused: nothing better than exercise 
opportune]y used) for the pmoervation of the body : nothing so bad  if bo 
nnonble, violent, or overmuch. Fernelius ou of Galen, P«th. lib. l. c. 16: 
saith, " Tha much exercise and wearine consumes he spirits and 
stance, refi'igerates the body: and such humours which ature wold bave 
otherwise concocted and expeIled, i sti np and mak them rage: which 
being so enraged, diveeIy affect nd trouble the body and mind."So doth it, 
if it be uusesonably uoed, upon u full stomach, or when the body is fl of 
erudities, which Fuchsius so mch inveighs against, llb. 2. inst, secS. 2. c. 4. 
ging that for a cause why school-boys in Germany ara so oten soabbed, 
beuse they use exeœeisoe prently after meats. # Byerus puts in u caveat 
agins such exercise, beoeuse "i P corrupts the mt in the stomach, and 
carries the sume juice raw, and as yet undigested, into the veins (saith Lem- 
nius), which there putrefi and confounds the animal spirits." Cra, 
21. L 2. qFroests against a]l snch exercse aher mt,  being the eatest 
enemy go concoetion tht may be, and OEuse of cornption of humour, which 
produce ghis, d many other diseases. ot. without good on then doth 
alust. Salvianus, l. 2. a 1. ad Leona Jacchim, in 9, li'. Mercuri- 
alis, Arcubanus, aml many other, set dowa "immodemte exercée as  
çrcible se of melancholy. 
Opposite fo exercise is idlene (the badge of genre') or want of exercise, 
the hune of bodv and mind, the nurse of naughtiness, stepmother of disciplhe, 
the chief antho of all mchief, one of the seven ddly sins, and a le 
of this and m:my other maladies, the de»l's mshion, " Gualter cal ig, h 
1,illow and chier reposl. "For the mind cnn never rg, buç still medit 
,n one thing or other, excepg it be occupied about some honest business, of 
own accord if rusheth into melncholy. « As too much and vioIeng exerc 
offeads on the one side, so doth an idle lire on the other (suith Crato), it filis 
the body full -f phlegm, gross humours, and all manner of obstrucgions, 
rheums, oetarrb" &c. hi eon. I. l. trot. 9, accounts of if as tho 
greatesg cause of melancholy. " I bave ohen seen (ith he) ghat idlen 
begets this humour more than anything eise." Ionçalt, «. l, secon him 
out of his experience, "They that ara idle ara far more subject to melancholy 
than such  are conversant or employed about any office or bushe." Plu- 
tarch reckons up idleness for u sole cause of the sic of the soul : «There 
a they (ith ho) troubled in mind, that have no other OEnse bug t." 
omer, Ilil. 1, bfings in Achill ting of his own heart in s idleu, 
beoense he might hot fighç. Iercnriali cotd. 86, for  melancholy young 
man urgeth "ig is u chief OExme; why w he mela«cholyl bee ioee. 
• Mnlta def,tiatio. lr umque ubstatlam exhan et eous refgera. umores 
qui aliter à natura concoqui, et doma poin et de,hum blandè ecludi, irrita et qni in forem 
qui postea mota mcl'i tco vapore co vaè lacunt, animunqu e In Veni mecum : Lib 
• ic Inscripto. Plnsit. a vit. CIns cap. . cibos crudos in ve rapit, qui pntreent « spit 
animal inficinnt, q Crn«li h humoris copia per ven aggredtur, unde morbi mtipli, r Immo- 
dicu exercitium. * Hom. 31. in [. ç'or. ri. Nain qua men hommis quicere non posit, sed continub 
rirca vari c«»tation oeu isi honesto aiiquo ntio oupetur, ad melchoiiam onte delabir. 
tCrato nl. 21. t't immodica eos exercitatio nocet voobus, i ita des et oo: oti 
anim pituito$um reddi sm oction et crebr fluxion et morbos conci  Et vidi 
quod a de rebna qu ms geuerat melancholiam, t ofiosit, ffi lenitur otium ab iiœ & 
loue à nob obsoEvat s hui« maio mis ooxios qui plane oosi snn quam oe$ q aliquo 
ver»ant exuendo. » De anqnil. animoe. Sunt quos ipsum otium in animi conjicit œegdinem. 
s Nihii t quod uè melcho tt  t  oti et attia à o et i 
b 



]Iem. 2. Subs. 6.J Idleness, a Caus. 159 

lrothing bcgets if sooner, increaseth and continueth if ofener than idlene=-." 
A disea tamiliar to all idle persons, an inseparable companion to such a lire 
at case, Pingi oto desidiosè agentes, a life out of action, and bave no cMling 
or ordinary employment to busy themselves about, thathave small occasions ; 
and though they have such is their laziness, dulness, they will hot composo 
themsolves fo do aught ; they cannot abide work, though'it be necesry ; 
as to dress themselves, write aletter or tho like ; yet as he that is benumbcd 
vith cold sits still shaking, that might relievehimoelf with a little exercise or 
stirring do they complain, but will hot use the facile and ready means to do 
themselves good ; and so are still tormented wlth melancholy. Epccially if 
they bave becn ibrmerly broughç up to business, or tokeep much company, and 
upon a sudden como to lead a sedentary liïe ; it crucifies thei" souls, and 
seizeth on them in an instant ; for whilst they are any ways employcd, in 
action, discourse, about any business, sport or recreation, or in company to 
their liking ; they are very well : but if alono or i,lle, tormented instantly again ; 
one day's ao|itariness, one hour's sometimes, doth them more harm, than a 
week'sphysic, labour, aud company can do good. lIelancholy seizeth on 
them forthwith being alone, ami is such a torture, that as wise Senecn well 
saith, $alo mihimalì etnar mollter esse, I had rather be sick than idle. Thia 
i,lleness is either of body or mind. That of body is nothing but a kind of 
benumbing laziness, intermitting exercise, which if" we may believe  Ferneliu, 
"caseth crudities, obstructions, excremental humours, quencheth the naturtl 
heat, dulls tho spirits, and makes them unapt to do any thiug whatsoever." 
 *leglectia urenda fllix lnnaacitur affri." [ «' for, a ne]ec[ed fle]d 
Shall fur the tire :s thora atd thlstie yicld. » 
As fcrn grows in untilled grounds, andallmannerofweed.q, sodogross humours 
in an idlo body, lguavu» corumpunt otia corpus. A horse in a stable that 
never travels, a hawk in a mew that seldom flics, are both subject to diseases; 
which left unto themselves, are most free from any such incnmbrances. An 
idlo dog will be mangy, and how shall an idle person think to escape ? Idle- 
ne.s of the mind is much worse than this of the body ; wit without employ- 
ment is a diseuse, Erugo animi, çubirjo ingenH : the nlst of tho soul, ° a 
plague, a hell itself, .llaxintu»,. an[mi nocumentum, Galen calls it. "cas 
in a standing pool, worms and filthy creepem increase (et vltium capiunt qi 
moveantur aqtce, the water itself putrefies, and air likewise, if it be hot con- 
tlnuallystirrcd by the wind), so do evil amlcorrupt thoughts in an idle person," 
the soul is contaminated. In a commonwealth, where is no public enemy, 
there is likely civil wars, and tbey rage upon themselves : this body of ours, 
vhen it is idle: and knowsnot how to bestow itself, macerates and vexetla itself 
with cures, griefs, false fears, discontenCs, and suspicions ; it tortures and 
preys upon his own bowels, and is never af rest. Thus much I darc boldly 
a«y, "Ho or she that is idle be they of what condition they will, never so 
rich, so well allied, fortunate, happy, let them have all things in abundanco 
and felicity that heart can wish and desire, all contentment, so long a. he or 
she or they are idle, they shall never be pleased, nevcr well in body and mind, 
but weary still, sickly still, vexed still, loathing still, veeping, sighing, griev- 
ing, suspecting, offended with the vorld, vith every ohject, wishing themselves 
goe or dead, or else carried away with some foolish phantasy or other. And 
this is the true cause that so manygreat men, ladies, and gentlewomen, labour 
of thia dizeaze in country and city i for idlemsa is au appeudix to nobility ; 



163 Causes of Mdancholy. [Part.. 1. See 2. 

they couut it a disgrace to work, and spend ail their days in sports, recreatiots, 
and pastimes, and will therefore take no pains ; be of no vocation ; they feed 
liberally, rare well, want exereise, aetiorç employment (for to work, I say, they 
rnay hot abide), and company fo their desires, and thenee their hodies beeome 
full ofgross humonrs, wind, erndities ; their minds disquieted, dull, heavy, 
&c. ente, jealousy, fear of some diases, sulleu fit weeping fits seize too tfami- 
liarly on them. For what will hot feax and phantsy work in an idle body? 
what distempers will they hot cause  when the ehildren of  Israel murmured 
against Pharaoh in Egyl,t , he eommanded his oflïcers to double their task, and 
let them get strw themselves, and yet make their full nuuber of brieks; for 
the sole cause why they mutiny, and are evil at case, is, "they are idle. * 
XVhen you shall hear and sec so many diseontented persons in ail placeswhero 
you corne, so many several grievanees, unneeessary eomplaiuts, tar, suspi- 
eions,  the best mcans to redress it is to set them awork, so to busy their 
aninds : for the tnth is, they are idle. Well they may build eastles in tho 
air for a time, aud soothe up themselves with phantastical and pleasan t humom, 
but in the end they will prove as bitter as gall, they shall be still I say diseon- 
tent, SUSl,icious,  fearful, jealous, sad, fretting and vexing of themselve j so 
long as they be idle, it is impossible to please them, Otio qui nescit uti, plus 
habet ze9otil quam qui otlum in regoto, as that Agvllius could observe : 
:He that knows hot how to spend his rime, bath more business, ente, griel, 
anmaish of mind, than he that is most busy in the midst of ail hl.s business, 
Otiosus anlmus nescit quid volet : An idle person (as he follows it) knows hot 
vhen he is well, what he would bave, or whither he woald go, Quum illue 
ventum est lllnc lubet, he is tired out with everything, disldeased with all, 
weary of his lire : 2Vec bew dotal, nec nilitice neither at home nor abroad, 
errat, et lrrceter vltam vlvitur, he wander and live. besides himself. In a word, 
Wbat tho misehievous effeets of laziness and idleness are, I do hot find any 
vhere more aeeurately expressed, than in these verses of Philolaehes in the 
.+ Comleal loetÆ wh]eh for their eleganey I will in part insert. 
• * ovarttm oedlum ese arbitror similem ego hominem» 
uando hic nattte est : Ei rei argurnenta dicam. 
des quando sunt ad arnssim expolitoe, 
Quislue laudat f«bram, atque exemplum, expetit, 
t ubi illd migrat nequam homo indiligenslue, &e.. 
OEernpest venit, confringit tegttla imbricesque, 
lntrlfaeit ner operam fabri, &c. 
I)ieam ut hornine simile ee oedium arbitremlnl, 
Fabrl parente fundamenturn substruuut liberorttm» 
Expoliunt, docent litera, nec parcunt eumptuJ, 
Ego autem ab fabroram potestate fru fui, 
-.Postqnam autem migravi in ingeniurn mettra, 
Yerdidi operam fabrorurn illieb, oppidb» 
Venir ignavia, en mihi tempestan fuit, 
dventuque suo grandinem et imbrem attnlll 
lIla milti virtutem deturbavit, &c." 
" h young man  like a fair new bouse, the earpenter lcaves if well buil, in 
good" repair of solid stuff ; but a bad tenant lets it rain in, and fr want of 
repamtion, fa-ll fo decay, &c. Our parents, tutors, fi'iends, spare no cost to 
bring us up in out youth, in all manner of virtuous education; but when we 
are lef to ourselves, idleness as a tempest drives all virtuous motions out of 
our minds, et zihili sumus, on a sudden, by sloth and such bad ways, we corne 
to nouot.. 
Cousin german to idleness, and a concomitant cause, which goes hand in 
hand with it, is tnimia solitudo, too much solitariuess, by the testimony of ail 
physicians, cause and symptom both ; but as if is here put for a cause it is 
• lq'ow this leg, now riant mm, now their henri, henri, &e. * Exod. v. " (For they cachot well 
tell what aileth them, or what they would bave themaelve) my heurt, my he, ad, my husbaud, my son. 
 Prov. xviii. Pigrum dejicit timor. Heautontimoramenon. JIAb. 19. e. 10.  Plautu ProL 
"l>ho, Mvntaltu. laex'crial 



MeoE 2. SuSs. 6.] IArs,  Cuse. 161 

either coact, enforced, or else voluntarly. Enforced so]itarins is commoy 
seen in students, monks, fa, anchoritos, that by their order and coulée of 
litè must abaudon ail company, sociy of other men, and betake themlves 
te  privte oeil : Otlo supstioso secl,  Ble nd uspinian well terre 
it, such as are the Carthusins of our rime, that eat no flcsh (by their order), 
keep peetual lence, never go abroad. Such  ve h prison, or seine dese 
place, and canner haro company,  many of our count gentlemen de h 
solitary boxes, they must either be aloae without companions, or ve beyond 
their mns, and enteuin aH cornera  se many hosts, or else oenverse with 
the servants and hinds, such  are equal, inferior te them, and of a con- 
trary position : or el  seine de,  void solitiness, spend the rime 
with lewd feows in rayera]s, and in alehouoes, and thence addict thelves 
te me unlawful dispos, or dissolute coues. Divers again arc cast upon 
th rock of solirine for want of mns, or out of  strong apprehension of 
seine infirmity, dce, or through bashfuess, den, splicity, they 
canner apply thelves  other company. ullum solun ioEel gratius 
solitudiw, i nuus sit qui zeriam et ; this enforoed soliriness 
takes ploe, and pmduceth his effect soenest  such as bave spent theæ rime 
j ovially, peradventure in aH honest recretions, in good company,  seine great 
tnmily or populoam city, and ara upon a sudden confined te  dese oeunt 
cottage far off, rtrined of their libey, and barred frein their ordina 
associates ; sors is ve irome te such, most tco, and  suddea 
cause of great convenience. 
Voltary solitariness  tht which is milir with melancholy, and gently 
brgs on like u syra, a shoeing-ho, or seine sphinx te thh irrevocable gulf, 
X a prim use, Piso cl if; most pleasant if  at first, te such  ara 
melancholy given, te fie in bed whole days, and keep their chambe, te walk 
alone in ome solitary grove, betwt wood and war, by a bk side, te 
meditte upon seine delightsome and plt subject, which shall agect them 
most; amabil iania, et tis graisslmus ror :  most incompble 
delight it h se te mencholize, and build ctles in the r, te go smig te 
themlve% acting an infinite variety ofp, which they suppe and strongly 
imane they oepasent, or that they e acted or donc: lan quim ab 
init, saith mnius, te conceive and meditate of such pleant things, seine- 
rimes, "ffi prient, pt, or te corne," as P»h speaks. Se defightsome the 
toys are at first, they uld spend whol days and nights without sleep, even 
whole years alone  such conmplations, and fanttical meditations, wch 
a] like unto drea, d they will hardly be drawn frein them, or wlingly 
inpt, se pleut their vin conoeits are, that they hinder the ord 
t and necry buse, they caunot address themselves te them, or Mmos 
te any study or employment, thes çanttical and bewitchg thoughts se 
eovely, se feelingly,  urgently, se continually t upon, creep in, aate, 
poess, overcome, dtract, and deoE them, they canner, I soEv, go about the 
more nece busine, stave off or extricate themlves, but are ever musing, 
mclancholizing, and cared along,  he (they y) tt h led round about  
heath with n Puck in the night, they run earnestly on in this byrinth of 
xio and sofidto melancholy meditatioas, and OEnnot we or wilfingly 
refraia, or eily leave ooE wding and unwding themselves,  se many 
clo, and still pleing their humoum, un at hst the scene is tumed upon 
 sudden, by ome bad object, and they being new habituad te such vMn 
meditations and solitary pla, can endure no company, can ruminate of 
othing but hamh and dtsf aubject Fe, sorrow, suspicion, st& 

! A qul'ou malum, velut k primeras c occa1onoe actun t 
lrteritrum, et turarum medt&tio. 

 $neunds, reram 13resentlum, 



1  Causes of Mdan7l!/. [Par. 1. Bec. 

pudo,r, dieontent, cres, and weariness of lire surprise them in a moment, and 
they can think of uothing ee, oentinually suspecting, no sner are the eyes 
open, but this infernal plague of melaucholy seith on them, and terrifies their 
so representing me dismal object  their minds, which now by no meaus, 
no labour, no pemuio they OEu avoid, lret i tl ar«noe (tho arrow 
of dth st]ll remains  the side), they may hot be rid of it, 
may hot deny but thatthereissome profitable metation,conml,lation,and 
of solir  be embmced, which the fathe so highly coin mended, o Hierom, 
Chrtom, Cypan, Austin,  wbole frais, which Petrarch, Ermtm, Stell 
and othem, so much magnify in their books; a parad,e, a hven on earth, 
be used aright, good for the body, and tter for the oeul : s many of those old 
monks used it, to divine contemplations, Simuhm a courier  Adrian's rime, 
Dioclesiau the emperor, retired themselves, &c., in that ns Yia .ol scil 
vivere, Varia l£v alone, which the Romans were wont fo s«ty, when they com- 
mended a country lffe. Or to the betterig of their knowledge,  Democritus, 
CleanthoE% and those excellent plophers have ever done, to sequter them- 
selves from the tumultuo« world, or as in Pl£ny'svifi Lam'entmm, Tully's 
culan, Jovius' study, that they might better v«#care studiis eg Dco, oerve God, and 
follow their stues Methk theoefore, out too zealous innovators we not 
so wefi advised  that general subversion oi abbeysand religious bouses, pro- 
mhcuoly  flg down all; they might have ken away those gro 
crept in amongst them, rectified such iuconvenienoes, and hot so far fo haro 
raved and raged agast those fair bufldilgs, and everltg monuments of out 
fooefthe' devotion, corated fo pious uses ; some monteries and colle- 
gia cells might have bcen wefi spared, and their revenues otherwise employed, 
hem and there one, in go tow or citi at let, for men and women of all 
sorts and conditions to lire in, fo sequter themselv from the  and 
tumts of the world, tht were not dedrous, or fit to ma; or otherw 
williag to be troubl with common aairs, and know hOt well where fo stow 
themselve to lire apart , for more conveniencç good eduoetion, better com- 
pany sake, to Iblluw their stadi« (I y), to the peçction of arts and scienoes, 
commou gcod, and  mme tly dcvoted mon of old hd done, froely and 
try fo serve God. For these men are neither solitary, nor idie,  the poet 
ruade answer to the husbandman in sop, that objd idlene fo him ; ho 
w never so Mie   his company ; or that Scipio Afrinus in PTully, 
qm nin s, 9uàm cure sob ; nunçuam minus oioss, çuàm u 
sel oHosus; never le aolita, thaa whea he was alone, never more busy, 
than hcn he med to be mt idle. It  repord by P]ato in his dialoo 
 A ne, in tbat prodigious commendtion of Soerat, how a deep meditioa 
coming to Soc' nd by chance, he 
gibundus, from morn]ng  noon, and whea  then he had no ye fished 
his meditation, Ferstabat coÇila, he so continued till the eveaing, the aoldie 
(for he then followed the camp) observed him ith admiration, and on set 
puooe watched ail night, but he pevered immovble ad exortum olisç 
till the sun roœe in the morning. d then luting the sun, weut his y 
what humour constant Socrates did thtoE. 
affected, but th would be pernicious to another man ; what intricate busin 
might so real]y po him, I nuot ily guess; but this  otiosum otiu», 
it  far otherwe vith theoe men, acoerng to ne, Omnia 
solido persuader; this solitude undoeth u% pugn.t cure ttΠsociali ; 't a 
dructive sotarin The men o dev Mon%  the ying  Homo 

z Facllk deaceusu Avern! : Sed revoeare gradnm, snperasque evsdere ad auras, Hic ;abor, hoe opus 
Virg. «Hieronimus ep. 72. dixit oppida et urbes videri sib| tetros carceres, solitudinem Faxadi$m 
sol ,m scorpionibtts lnfectum ea.co amict htu ttbns. qva et herbis vicit&u l£omai proeuht 



1Y/cm. 2. Subs. 7.] Sleepçng and l'adng, Causes. 

163 

solus aut Deus, aut Doemon : a man a]one, is either a saint or a devil, rne«s 
ejus aut languescit, aut tumesclt; and * //'oe soli in this sense, woe be to him 
that is so alone. These wretches do frequently degenerate from men, and of 
sociable creatures become beasts, monstex% il,humane, ugly to behold, Misan- 
thropl ; they do even loathe themselves, and hate the company of men, as so 
many Timons, /Vebuchadnezzars, by too much indulging to these pleasing 
humours, and through their own deault. So that whieh [erctu'ialis, consiL 1 l. 
sometimes expostulated with lais melancholy patient, may be justly apl,lied to 
every solitary and idle person in particular. «ratura d« e videtur conqueri 
loosse, &c. " :Nature may justly complain of thee, that whereas she gave theo 
a good wholesome temperature, a souud body, and God bath given thee so 
divine and excellent a soul, so many good parts, and profitable glfts, thou hs 
hot only eontemned and rejeeted, but hast corrupted them, polluted them, over. 
thrown their temperature, and perverted those gifts with riot, idleness, solita- 
riness, and many other ways, thou art a traitor to God and nature, an enemy 
to thyself and to the world." Ierditlo tua eoe te; thou hast lost thyself wilfully, 
cast away thyself, "thou thyself art the efficient cause of thine own mi-ery, 
by hot reaiting such vain cogitations, but giving way unto them." 

Svssc. ¥II.--Slep{ng and Waking, Causes. 
rHA I bave formerly said of exercise, I may now repeat ofsleep. 1Vothlng 
better than morate sleep, nothing wo than it, if it be in extremes, or 
ssonably uoed. If is a reoeived opinion, that a melancholy man mnuot sleep 
overmuch i 5'n a mod.um t» as an only antidote, and nothing 
offen them mooe, or causeth tb malady sooner, than waking, yet in some 
cas sleep may do more harm than good,  that phlegmatic, swinish, cold, 
and slugh melancholy hich hlelaucthon sa I that thks of watem, 
sighing most part, &c. "It dulls the spirit if oveuch, and senœes i filh the 
head fiH of o humoum ; caeth dtfllations, rheums, eat store of excre- 
mens in t braiu, and all the other pa  "Fuchsi spks et them, that 
sleep like so mauy dotice. Or ff if be uoed in the day4ime, upon a tull 
stomach,the body l-compooed to rest, or after hard mcats, it incth feaffd 
dreams, incubus, night walking, cing out, and much unquietne; such sleep 
repares the body, as 'une observes, "fo many perilous diseases." ut,  I 
bave aid, wang overmuch, is both a symptom, and au ordinary cauoe. " 
causeth dryness of the bmin, enzy, dotage, and makes the body dsç lean, 
hard, and ugly to behold," as Lemnius bath if. " Tho temrature of tho 
braia la ¢orrupted by if, the humours adust, the eyes ruade to uink iuto the 
head, ¢holer incresed, and the whole body inflamed :" and,  may be added 
ou of Galen 3. de sanita toEd, Avicenna 3. 1. ""It overthrows the 
natural beaU, it causeth crudities, h«rts eoncoction," and what hot ? Not wit, h- 
out good ea thercfore Crato el. 21,/. 2; Hildesheim, s2el. 2, de Ddir. 
et Mania, Jchus, Arculanus on Rh, Guianeri and Merem'Lafis, reckoa 
p this overmuch waking  a principal cause. 
* Eccl. 4. N'atura de te detur conque  quod cure ab  temperatislmum cocus adeptus 
, tare prc]am  Deo ac utile donum, non contempsis modo, vem com'upiati, scdti, prodiOit 
vpthnam tepernturam otio, «rapul et aliis vitre errorib e. « Path. iib. cap. tT. Fernei. 
{nfrida, omnn nsus, mcnlisu v{rn toToro debilila • Lih. 2. e«t. 2. cap. 4. Mam exeremen- 
forum viro rebro et aliis rtib conservak ,Jo. Ratzi lib. de rebua 6 non naturibus. Froepat 
¢o t somnus  mul riculo oeitudin  lnstit, ad vitam optimam p. 26. cerebm 
siccitaem adfe phnln et delirium, c» artdum laelt, sqalidm, stgosum, h,mor 
amentum e coumpiKmiem indueit : exniccat co bilera accendiKplfundos rdit 
lom auget, aNatm-£em orem ipa  ¢oncsioae t facit. ttentjuven 



164 'auses Qf.]Ioerw]l. [Part. 1. Sec. 2. 

IEMI3. III. 
StSECr. L--Passlons and P«turbat  tl .Çind, £ow t]oey 
Mnclly. 
As that mnop in rlutareh ruade answer fo Alexander (demanding 
whieh spe best), Eve one of his tllow did speak better tban the other : 
 I may y ot theoe OEufs ;  m that shall reqre whieh  the 
eve one is more ievo than other, and th of pion the eatt of aiL 
A moet frequent and ordiny OEuse of mencholy, "f pturbatnu 
(Piccolomine coes if) thh thunder and ghtng of perturbation, wch 
uth such olent and spdy alteratio in this oar micros and my 
rimes mtbves the good ta and temperate of if. For  the body works 
upon the mind byhis bad humoum, troubling the spirite seudggro fum in 
the bx' d 2 coue distbg the uÇ aad  the acti ofit» 
H viti  quoque rœevat 
th fear, sow, &c.,which are ordin mpto of this de« : se on the 
other side, the mind most ectually wor upon the body, producing by his 
pions and rturbations miraco alteration melancholy, dir, cel 
di, and metes death itse. somuch t if h most true which 
Plato ith in his Charmideg omnia oerp   anim o«; aH tho 
mdfiefs of tho dy pmd iom the souI : and Democrit in Plutamh 
nrget Damtum tri aai,mm à «,ff the dyshouId in t half bring 
aa action against the so, surely the so would be ct and convicd, that by 
ber uFine neglinoe had OEused such inconvenien¢ vg authoty over 
the dy, and using it for an instrument,  a smith does his hammet" (ith 
¢Cyprian), imputg a tho vices and maladies to the md. Even so do 
PhHostratus, mn cnquinatur corps, i cou aui» ; the body h hot 
con-up»e but by the sooE Lodovictm Vives will bave such mrbent comm 
tio proceed flore iorance and iaetion." 1 philophe impu tho 
miri of the body to the ul, thaç shod bave goveted it better, by m- 
maad of n, and bath hot doue i. The Stoioe are altogether of ophioa 
( Lipsi and gPioeolominet record),that a wo m should be ¢, with- 
out aH manuer of pions and perturbatio xvhatsoever, as 8eneoE ports of 
Cato, the Greeof Socrat, and Io. Aubamm of a natioa h Africa, so free from 
pion, or thoe so stupid,that ff they be wounded with a sword, they B only 
look back. tLachnti2it, wexclude"fr from a ge man:" othex 
except alL me the grst po ut let them dispute how they wiB, 
clown in Thi, give preoepts to tho oent; e find that of  mni uo 
by common exfienoe ; "o moral man is free from the perturbations: 
or if he be so, sm'e he is either a god, or a block. » Thcy e bo and bmd 
xvith us, we bave them from out pen by hheritance. A parentib 
muza £uno aem, ith =Pelezi, citur unà bm, -urqoe, 't pr 
paated fzm Adam, Cain w melancholy,  Atia bath if, and who 
Good ciplhe, eduoEtion, phfioaophy, vinity ([ nnot deny), may mitiga 
and rtrn the pions h mme few men at me time but most pax they 
domineer, and o so oIent, that  a torrent ('e vdat agge rupW) 
do va  belote, and ovcro ws  baaks, srn aros, srt s, (lay wte tho 

3,'lta Alezan. • Grad. 1. e. ! 
the spirit ." 
Izzit.  Li. e ttaU tttenG. ¢ liog. e virtute Çi$li; Quoe nlit or ut fa ml. 
• Vita Apollon b. 1. * Lib. de anim. ab inconsideranti et noraulia omn animi mot. « De 
l'hysiol. Stot s G 1. e. :i2. u :pist. t0 t ian.  Lib. I. cap. 6. si qui$ e refit 
e«, tantum plunt. 
nortalittm qui affectibu$ o ducatur : q on movetur, aut 



l'd'em. 3. Subi. 1.] Perturations of the Jrind. 165 

£elds, prostrates the ero?.), they overwhelm tesson, judgment, and pervert the 
temperature of the body; l«ertur P uis auriga, nec audit currus habenas, low 
such a man (saith«Austin) "that is su led, in a wise man's eye, is no better 
than he that stands upon hia head." It is doubted by some, Grafforesne morb£ 
 perturbatizrnibus, a ab humoribus, whether humours or pet"¢urba.tions cause 
the more grievous maladies. ]3ut we find that of out Saviour, lIat, xxvi. 
41, mont true, "The spirit is willing, the flesh is weak," we eannot resist; 
and this of'Philo Judoeus, "Perturbations ofen oflcnd the body, and are muse 
frequcnt causes of melaucholy, turning it out of the hinges of his health." 
Vives compares thcm tu "°Winds upoa the aeu, some only more as thoso 
great gales, but othcrs turbulent quite overturn the ahip." Those xvhich are 
light, easy, and mors seldom, tu out thinking, du us little harm, and ar 
thcrefore contemned of us : yet if they be reiterated, "tas the rain (saith 
Austin) doth  atone, su du these perturbations penetrate the mind :" «and 
(as une observes) " produce a habit of melancholy af the last» wldch having 
gotten the ma.tery in out souls, may xvell be ealled dise,es." 
tfoxv these passions produce this effet4, Agrippa bath handled af large, 
Occult. 1)]dlos. L 11. c. 63. Grdan, l. 14, subtil. Lemnius, l. 1, c. l, deoccult. 
car. mlr. etlib. 1. cap. 16. Suarez, $£et. disput. 18. sect. 1, art. £5. T. Brigh, 
cap. 12. of his h[clancholy Treatise. Wright the OEesttit in hia book of the 
t'assions of the ]lmd, &c. Thus in brieï, tu out imagination cometh by the 
outward senae or memory, some object tu be known (residing in the foremost 
part of the brain), which he miscinceiving or amplii]ying presently communi- 
cures tu the heart, tl»s sea of ail affections. The pure spirits forthwith flock 
from the brain tu the heart, by certain secret channels, and aignify what good 
or bad object was i»resented ;which immediutely bends itself tu prosecute, or 
avoid if; and withal, draweth with it other humotrs tu help if : su in pleasure, 
concur great store oî purer spirits; in sadness, mach melancholy blood; in ire, 
choler. If the imagination be very apprehensive, intent, and violent, it senda 
great store of spirits tu, or from the heart, attd makes a deepcr impression, and 
greater tuumlt, as the huuxours in the body be likewise prepared, and the tem- 
1)erature itzelf ill or xvell disposed, the passions are longer and stronger ; su 
that the first step and fountain of ail out grievances in thia kind, is'kesa 
imaginatio, which mîsinforming the heart» causeth ail hese distemperatures 
alteration» and confusion of spirits and humours. ]3y means of which, su dis- 
turbed, concoction la hindered, and the principal parts are much debilituted; 
a'Dr, lTavarrawell declared, being consulted byMontanus about a melancholy 
Jew. The apirits au confounded, tbe nourishment must needs be abated, bad 
humours hmreased, crudities and hick spirits engcndered with melancholy 
blood. Theother partscannot perform their functions, having the spirits drawn 
from them by vehemen passion, but fail in sense and motion ; su we look apon 
a thiug, and see it hot ; hear, and observe hot; which otherwise would much 
affec us, had we been ti'ee. I may herefore conclude withArnoldus, ]1axi- 
ma vis est Iohanlasioe, et huic uni ferè, on augcm corporis intemperiei, ornais 
melanc]wlixe causa es ascribenda : "Great is the force of imagination, and 
mueh more ought çhs cause of melancholy tu be ascribe¢l tu thiz alone, than tu 

oculis saplm, oui pion dominantur. Lib. de Decal. psion maxime co ofiendunt 
et anlm» et frequtissimœe ¢a melancholl dimovent b Ingenio  saniate ptina. L . 
anlm « Froena et stlmt antm velat In mari quoedam auroe lev quœedam plid quidam turbu- 
lcn : sic In colore q,oedam aflection excitant tante» quoedgm Itameveut or de statu Jll deL 
t t't gutta lapIdem, sic panlathn lloe pesnt aimum. = Usu ralenti« rec orbi snlml vot. 
z lmgina[Io movet cocus, ad c" Jus motnm excitan bumoreN et lrl[ua l quiboa alatur. 
• Fccl. ziii. 26. "Tire heart tet the coutenance to good  evil, and distractl of zo mlnd canseth 
ditemperatnre of fhe body." • Splrit et saflg-:ls  la anatioe ctiautur, humenim 
mutatiactmones animl Immutant, Piso. Montani, consll. 22. lice vero quomodo unt me]ancoliamç 
; et quod csncocon¢m peanç et membra prclpa dçbent.  ri. 1. 1. cap. 



166 Cause of Mdanclwly. [Part. 1. Sec. . 

the distemperature of the body." Of which imagination, because it bath so 
great a stroke in producing this malady, and is so powerful of itself, it will hot 
ve improper to my discvurse, go make a brief digression, and speak of the force 
of it, and how it causeth this alteration. Which manner of digression howso- 
ever some dislike, as frivolous and impertinent, yet I ara of* ]3eroaldus's opi- 
nlon, " Such digressions do mightily delight and refresh a weary reader, they 
ure like auce fo a bad stomach, and I do therefore most willingly use them." 

SorSCT. II.--Of tlte foroe of Imaglnatlon. 
W«T imanation is, [ have sufficiently declared in my division of the 
anatomy of the soul. I will only now point at the wonderfifl eficts and power 
of if ; which,  if is ement in all, so mt especially it rageth in melancholy 
peinons, in keeping the species of objects so long, mistaking, amplifying them 
by oentinual and'strong meditation, until at lenh if produceth in some 
pai real effects, eaeth this and many other maladies. And although this 
usy of oum be a subo»dinate faculty to rean, and should be ruled by 
yet in many men, through inward or outward distempemtures, defect of orges) 
vhich ara unapt, or otherwe contaminated, if  likewise unapt, or hindered, 
and h Th we oee verified in sleem, which by reason of humom d 
conoeue of vapours troubling the fantasy, imagine many rimes absurd and 
prodigious thing and in such  are troubled 'ith cubus, or witch-ridden 
( wo eall it), if they lie on their backs, tlmy suppose an old woman rides» and 
its so hard upon them, tt they are most stifled for want of brth ; when 
there is nothing offends, but a concourse ofbad humours, vhich trouble the 
y. This is likewi evident in such as walk in the night  their sleep, d 
do strange lbats: th vapoum more the fantmsy, the antasy the appeti, 
vhich moving the animal sprits cauoeth the body  walk up and down 
they were awake. Fracast. l. 3. de intet, refe ail eoetasi fo this force of 
imagition such  lie wbole days together in a tranoe :  tbat priest wbom 
"Celsus speaks oÇ tbat oeuld sepaxate himself from h senses when he lt, 
and He e a de man, void of life and nse. Cardan bm of himself, that 
he could do as much, and that when h list. Iany rimes such men hen they 
corne to themoelv, 11 strange tbin of heaven and hell, what visions they 
bave en; as that St. Owen, in hlatthew Paris, that went into St. Patrick's 
purgatory, and the monk of Evham in the me author. Those oemmon 
appations in ede and Gregory, int Bridget's revelations, Wier. l. 3. 
mi, a 11. Coeur annin,  his Dialogues, &c. reduceth 
formerly raid), with all those tales of witche progresses, dancing, riding, 
transformations, opemtions, & to the force of timagination, and the devfi'a 
illusions. The like effects almost are fo be seen in such m aro awake : how 
many chime, antics, golden mountains and tles  the air do they bd 
unto themselvl I appeal  painte, medmnici, mathematich Some 
mcr[be ail vi to a fse and comqt imanation, anger, revenge, lust, am- 
bition, oeveusn, which prefe falsehood before that wch  right and 
good, deluding the soul wit.h false shows and suppositions. Beardm 
enottus will haro heresy and suntition  proceed i',,m th fountain; m ho 
dy imagiaeth,  he beheveth ; and m he coaceiveth of 

• Soient Imusmodi egrelonee favorabiIiter oblectare, et lectoroE lsum Jucdè refovere, tomachumqu 
naeantem, quolam qui condimento reflcer et ego libcnter excuo. ,Ab iminatione ori,,n 
affecfio quibu anima eomponitur, aut turbata deturbaur, Jo. Siabur. Matolog. lib. 4. 
exercit. *  quotivolebat, mortuo $imlia jaoebat aen  h eeneibu et qu pgeretur dor 
on st. «Idem Nannus orat. de lminat, s Verbis et unctionib,m ae cosecrant o 
peimoe mulier qui iis ad op euum utitur, et ear phantiam 
derat cotera veto m sine nsu 
-,eh umbra subt prupSis oeotb e rtitt. I. . ¢. II. ¥i.  Do me. 



167 

and if shall be, controE .qenes, he wil| bave if so. tut most especlally in passion 
and affections, it shows arrange and evident effects: what will hot a feafful 
man conceive in the dm'k What strange forms of bughear devils, witch, 
goblins Lavter imputes the etest cause of apectms, ad the like ap- 
rltions, t feaLwhich bove ail other passions begets the strongest imaginatio 
(saith * Wieru), nd so likewise, love, sorrow, j,y, &c. Some die suddenly, 
she tht aw ber sn corne from the battle af Cannoe, &c. Jacob the patrhrch, 
by toroe of imagination, ruade specklcd lmbs, laying sckled rods hcfore his 
sheep. Persina that thiopian queen in Hdiodorus, hy aeeing the picturo of 
erseus and Aadromeda, iasted of a blackamoor, as brought  bed of a f 
mhit¢ child. In imitation of whom hee, a bard-f«voured fellow ia Groe, 
because h¢ and his wife ere both deformed, fo get a d brd of cdre» 
&9a, ntm nfi»  tl cocat, &c., hung the irt pictures he 
eould buy for money lu his chambcr, "That h ife by frequeat sight of them» 
might conoeive and bar such childrem" And if we may believe Baie, oae of 
ope icholas the Third's coacubines by seeing of  a br wm brought to bed 
of a monster. "If a woman (saith * Lemnius), 
think of another man prent or absent, the child will be like m." Grea 
beBied womea, when they long, yield  pmdious examples 
moles, warçs, scam, harelips, monsters, esially caused in their childrea by 
ç»r of a dptved tknty in them: Ipsam spoeiem q, ani giat, 
rtui i« : She impt4ats that stmp upoa ber child which she  coaoeives 
unto helf. Aad therefore Lodovicus Vive lib. 2. 
alial caution  great-bellied women, "=Tiret they do hot adroit such absrd 
oenceits and cogitations, but by ail means avoid thos¢ horrible ohjects» hrd 
or seen, or filthy speccl." Some ill laugh, weep, sigh, «aa, blh, 
tmble, sweat, at such thin  aoe suggested uato them by their imagination. 
Avicenaa speaks of oue that could t himself into a paIsy when ho list ; aad 
«ome caa imitate the tunes of birds and bets that they caa hardly be d- 
ceraed : Dagebert' aud Salut Franci a and wouads, like those 
Christ's (if at the let any such were), A¢ippa supposeth to bave happeaed 
by foroe of imagaation : tt some are tuted to wolv ri'oto mca to women, 
and womea aga to mea (which is constaatly believed) to the me imagina- 
tioa; or fro m men to es, do, or any other shape rWienm crib ail those 
fi«mous trsformations fo itaaginatioa; that 
the pictm'e of a dog, still in the water, « tt mdaacholy mea and sick mea 
coaceive  many fanttical visions, apritions to themselve and hure such 
absurd apparitions,  that they ara kmgs, lords, ks, bears, a, owls; tha 
they are hvy, light, transparent, great and little, aenle aad dead 
ahafi  showed more at rge, ia out  aectioas of sptoms), can be imputed 
to nought l, but  a corrupt, çalse, and violeat imation. It works 
n«»  sick and melancholy men only, but evea 
auch  are und: it makea them suddenly sick, and "alte their mper- 
ature ht au instant. Aad aometimes a atrong couceit or apprehension, 
' Valeai prov¢s, ill take away dis: in both kiads it wili produoe rl 
effecta, bien, if they aee but aaother man tremble, ddy or aick of 
fe , the appreheion and fe  ao atmng  t kd, that they 

sSalet tlmor, proe omnibus affectlbus, fortes Imaglnstlanes glere, pct, amor, &¢. l. . e 8.  Ex visa 
uro, talem peperit, t Lib. 1. cap. 4. de occult, nat. mir. si inter amplexus et suavia cogiter de uno, sut 
alio absente, eJua efltl'|ea solct in foetu e!ncere, m Quid non foetul cdhuc marri unito, subità spil'itum]z 
vibratioe per erv, quihts matrlx «erebvo «oJuct est, tuprimit impregnate imagitio! ut si ima. 
glnetur malum anatum, Illi nos secum profet foet: SI leurs, Infans e;m-»upro labello 
bifldo, et dic¢ : Vchemena cogRatio movet rermn apecio. Wier. llb. 3. cap. .  Ne dru uterum 
stent, mittant ad cogitatiO, scd et visu, autuçe foeda et horra OEoEent. o Occult. 
iios. lib. l. cap. 64.  Llb. 3. de Lmnii p. 0. q A'ipp Iib. l. p. 64. * Sect. 3. memb. I. 
e. 3. • Mallens maleflc, fol 77. cocus mutad test in fiive œeitudiu, ex foui pzh 
oa« »Ff. V£. 1.5. çoat. 6. noang e morbi utm çocuuut» qdoquv ct« 



xvill bave the sme d|see. Or if by some soothsaTcr , wlseman, fortune-relier, 
or pbysic]an, they be told they shall bave such a di.ase, t]ey will so oeriou.ly 
apl;rebend it, tbat they will instant}y labour of it. A thing f.miliar in Chine 
(saith Riccius tbe Jcsuit), "« If it be told tbem they shall be sick on sucb 
day, when tbat day come tbey w]ll surely be s]c, and will be so terribly 
afilicted, tha sometimes tbey d]e upon it." I)r. Cott3 in h]s discovery of ig- 
norant practitioners of physic, cap. 8. hath two strange stores fo this purpose, 
vhat fancy is able to do. The one of « parn's wife in orthamptonshre, 
.4n. 1607, tbat coming to a pbysician, and told by hinthat she was troubled 
'ith the sciat]c, as he eonjectured (« diseuse he was free from), the saine 
ight after ber return, upon his words, fvll into  grierous fit oï a ciatica: 
and such another example he bath of another good wit, that was so troubled 
• vith the cramp, after the saine mare,er she came by it, because ber physician 
did but name it. Sometimes death itself is caused by force of fantasy. 
have heard of one that coming by chance in compay of him thaç was though 
to be sick of the plague (which was hot 5o) fll down suddenly dead. 
other was sick of the plague with conceit. 0ne seeing his îellow let blood 
falls down in a swoon. Another (saith ° Cardan out of Aristotle), fell down 
dead (which is familiar to women at any ghastly sght), seeing but a man 
]anged. A Jew in France (saith "Lodovicus Vives), came by chance over 
dangerous passage or plank, tba lay over 3 brook in tbe dark, witbout barre, 
he next day perceiving wbat danger be was in, fell dowa dead. Many will 
ot believe such storieç to be true, but ]aagh commonly, and ]er:de wbca 
they bear of them; but let these mon consider oeith themsclves, as :Peter 
:yarus illustrates it, If they were et fo walk upon a plank o high, they 
would be gddy, upon which they dure securely walk upon the ground. Man/ 
(saith Agrppa), ""strong-hearte01 men otherwise, tremble at such sights, 
dazzle, and are sck, if they look but dowa from a high place, and wha 
aoves them but conceit?" As ome are so molested by çanty; so somv 
again, by fancy alone, and a good concet, are as easily recoveredo Ve seo 
commonly the tooth-ache, gout, falling-sickness» biting of a mad dog, 
many such maladies, cured by spells, words, cbaracters, and charms, and many 
green wounds by that now so much used Unguent.um Arnmrium, maguetically 
eured, which Crollius and Goclenius in a book of late hath defended, IAbaviu- 
in a just tract as stiffiy contradicts, and most men eontrovert. Ail the world 
knows there is no virtue in such charms or cures, but a strong conceit and 
oinion alone, as "Pomponatus holds, "wh]ch forceth a motion of the 
humours, spirits, and blood, which takes away the cause of the malady tom 
the parts affected." Tbe like we may say of our mcal effecs, SUl,erstitious 
cures, and such as are donc by momtebanks and wizards. "As by wicked 
iucredulity many men are hurt (so saith Wierus o charms, spells, &c.), we 
ind in our experience, by the saine means many are relieved." An empirie 
oentimes, and a silly chirurgeon, doth more strange cures than a rational 
lhysician. ymannus gves a reason, because the latient purs his confidence 
in him, which Avicenna " prefers belote art, precepts, and all remedies 
oever." 'Tis oinioa alone (saith ¢Cardan), tba makes or mars physician. 
and he doth the best cures, acco»ding to Hippocrates, in whom most trust. 



]Iem. 3. Subs. 3.] 1)h:h:on qf_Perurbato. 169 

diversely doth this f-antasy of ours affect, tura, and vind, so imperously com- 
mand out bodies, which a another "Proteus, or a ehameleon, van takc ail 
shapes; and is of such force (as Ficinns adds), that it ean work upon others, 
as we]l as ourselves?' How can otherwise b.lear eyes in one man cause thc 
like affection in another? Why doth one mans yawning "make auother 
yawn  One man's pissing provoke a second many rimes to do the like  Why 
doth scraping of trenchers offend  third, or hacking of files 
eaïcass bleed when the murderer is brought before it, some weeks fter thc 
murder bath been done ? Why do witehes and old women fascinate and 
bewitcb children : but  Wierus, Paracelsus, Cardan, Mizaldus, Valleriola, 
Coesar Vanninus, Campanella, and many philosophers think, the forcible ima- 
gination ofthe one party moves and alters the spirits ofthe other. ay more, 
they eau cuse and cure uot only diseases, maladies aud severl infirmities, 
by this mcans,  Avicenna de anim. L 4. sect. 4. supposeth in parties remotc, 
but more bodies from their place cause thunder, lightning, tempests, which 
vpinion Alkidus, Paracelsus, and some others, approve ot: So that I may 
ccrtainly conclude this strong conceit or imsgination is aztrum lwminis, and 
the rudder of this our ship. which reason should steer, but overbornc by fantasy 
cannot mariage, and so mffers itlf and this whole vessel of ours to be over- 
ruled, and often overturned. Read more of this in Wierus, L 3. de Lamiis, 
c. 8, 9, 10. Franciscus, Valesius ned. controv. L 5. cont. 6. Marcellus Dona- 
tus, l. 2. c. 1. de hist. zned. mirabil. Levinus Lenmius, de occdt, nat. zir. l. l. 
c. 12. Cardan, l. 18. de rerum var. Corn. Agripp3, de occult, philos, cap. 64, 
65. Camerarius, 1 cent. top. 54:. horarum subcls. :Nymannus, 
Imag. Laurentius, and him that is nstav omnium, Fienus, a fmous physician 
of Antwerp that wrote thxc books de virlbus imagina$ions. I bave thus far 
digressed, because this imagination is the nedium deferens of passions, by 
v¢hose means they work and produee many rimes prodious effects : ana as 
the fantsy is more or lcss intended or remitted, and thei r humours disposed, 
no do Imïtuïbations more, more or less, and tzke deeper impression. 
Sus.c'r. III.---Diras/on of Perturbatlons. 
PSaTURTrOS and passions, whieh trouble the fantasy, though they 
dwell between the confines of sense and reason, yet they rather follow sense 
han reason, beeause they are drowned in eorporeal organs ofsense. They are 
eommonly tredueed into two inelinations, irascible and eoncupiseible. Tho 
Thomists subdivide them into eleven, six in the eoveting, and rive in the in- 
vadinff Aristotle redueeth ail to pleasure and pain, Plato to love and hatred 
g Vives fo good and bad. If good, it is psent, and then we absolutely 
and love; or to corne, and then we desire and hope lbr it. Ifevil, we abso- 
lutely hate if; if present, ie is sorrow; if to corne, fear. These four passions 
 Bernard compares "to the wheds of a chariot, by whieh we are earried in 
his world." Ail other passions are subordinate unto these four, or six, as 
sorne will: love, joy, desire, hatred, ,orrow, fear ; the test, as ager, envy, 
emulation, pride, jealousy, anxiety, mey, shame, diseontent., despair, ambi- 
tion, avarice, &e., are redueible unto the first; and if they be intmodemte, 
they teonsume the spirits, and rnelaneholy is espeeially caused by them. Som 
îew disereet men there are, that ean goveru themselves, and curb in t.heso 
inordinate affections, by religion, philosophy, and such divine preeepts, of 
meekness, patience, and the like; but most part tbr want ofgovernment» out 
of indiseretion, ignorance, they surfer themselves wholly to be led by sense, 

 blarcl|lus Ficln,, I. 13, e 18. de theolooE. Platonlch. Imanatlo est tanqnam Proteu vel Cham.'eleon, 
corpus propriom et alenum nonnt:nqunm afficens, • Cur oscltantes oscitent, Wierus. t T. W. Jesait. 
g 3. de Anima. a ber. 35. lloe q«atuor passmnes snnt tanqoam rotoe in eut'ru, qn|bua vehlmu ho mualo. 
z/darum quippo immoderatmn spzritua marc¢acuat. Fern¢L 1.1. Pa. ¢. 1. 



170 Causes of,£elanchoTy. [Part. 1. Sec. 2. 

and are so çar from repressing rebellious inclinations, that they give all en- 
couragement unto them, leaving the reins, and zsing all provocations to fur- 
ther thcm : bad by nature, worse by art, discipline,  custom, edtwation, and 
a perver will of their own, they foHow on, wheresoever their unbridled affec- 
tions w'll transport them, and do more out of custom, selï-will, than out of 
reason. Contuntaoe v,duntas, as ]elancthon calls it, lumfci : this stub- 
born will of ours pervert judgment, which sees and knows what should and 
ought to be done, and yet will hot doit. awipia 9uloe, slaves to their 
veral lusts and appetite, they I,recipitate and plunge  themselves into a laby- 
rinth ofcares bliuded with lut, blinded with ambition ; "They seek 
at God's hands which thcy may gire unto themselves, if they could but re- 
fi'ain from those entes and perturbations, wherewith they continually maeerato 
their mind" But giving way to these violent passions of fear, grief, shame, 
revenge, hatred, malice, &e., they are torn in pieces, as Atoeon waz with hi$ 
dogs, and * crucify their own souls. 

Suszer. IV.Sorrow a cause 

Sorrow. Ins«nus d,/or.] In this calaalogtae of pssions, whlch so much 
torment the .oul of man, and cause this malady (for I will briefly speak of 
hem ail, and in their order), the first place in this irascible appetite, may 
jtLst]y be challenged by orrow. An inseparable comp,nion, "° ïhe rnother 
and daughter of rnelancholy, ber epitome, symptom, and chief cause :" as 
Hippocrate bath it, they beget one another, aud tread in a ring, for orrow ia 
both cause and symptom of this disease. How it is a symptom shall be shown 
in its place. That it is a cause ail the world acknowledgeth, Dolor nonnullus 
insa»dce causa fait, et a[ioru»t morborum instmabi[iu.m, saitla Plutarcla to 
pollouius; a cause of madness, a cause of rnany other diseases, a sole cause 
of this mischief, »Lemnius calls if. So doth lhasis, eont. L 1. tract. 9. 
Guianerius, /'r«tcg. 15, c. 5. _And if if take roof once, it ends in despair, as 
« Felix Pinter observes, and as in "Cebes' table may well be eoupled with it. 
• Chrysostom in his seventeetlth epistle to Olympia, deseribes it to be a cruel 
torture of the soul, a most inexplicable grief, poisoned worm, eonsumingbody 
and soul, and gnawing the very henri, a perpetud exeeutioner, eontinual night, 
profound darkness, a whirlwind, a tempest, an ague hot appearing, heating 
wotze than any tire, and a battle that bath no end. Xt erncifies wors than 
any tyrant ; no torture, no strappado, no bodily punishmeut is like unto it. 
'Tis the eagle without question whieh the poets fei¢med fo gnaw *Prometheus 
]eart, and "' no heaviness is like unto the heaviness of the henri," Eccles. xxv. 
15, 16. "'Every perturbation isa misery, but grief a cruel forment," a 
domixeering passion : as in old Rome, when the Dietator was ereated, all infe- 
rior magistmeies eeased ; when grief appears, all other passions vanisl "If 
dfiesupthe bones,"saitlaSclomon,eh. 17. Prov., "makesthem hollow-eyed,pale, 
and lean, furrow-faced, to bave dead looks, wrinkled brows, shrivelled eheeks, 

• a| conoendlne depravatur ingeniam ne bene facial ProsperCaIenus, 1. de a be. iurs fclnnt 
homin è nsuetudin quam è ralione. A tene$ uece multum t. Video meliors proboqu d 
eriora equor. Ovid.  No ioeditur ni$i à teipo.  lul  in inquiudinem cipitant ambition 
et cupiditatibus exccatl non inlelliunl  illud  di pele[ quod aibi ips 
curis et perturbalionibus, quibu iduk  maçerant, iperare relient, n Tanto studio miam 
et imenta dolorum qumu vitamque ecua feliciimam, 'tem et miserbilem u& etch. 
proefat, de Remedii &c.  Timor et mtiti si diu perseverent, ua et aooi 
circulum e procreant. Hip. Ap]mris. 23. ]. 6. Idem $ovta]tus cap. i9. Victoue Fatoenfinns prt. 
imag. t Multi ex mo rote et metu hue dcla! sont. Lemn. ]ib. 1. cap. 16. « M curà et tristifià faciut 
accedere elaneholia (cap. 3. de ment alien.) si altas radices aga in veram fixamque degenet 
lancholiam et in deperationem deeinit, • II1¢ luctu ejus ve ror dperatio aimul poni, • Anim 
m cdele toen tutu, dolur inexplicabiliN tine& non olum oa sed corda perfingen petu 
vir animœe conaumen%jt:s nox, et tenebroe profundoe, tempestas et turbo et fcbri no paren om 
Ie vaiiue incendene; Iongior, el puoe finem non abence circumfe dulor, faciemque om 
'ranno cdeliorem proe se fert. tat. Com ythol. I. 4. c. 6. * Ty 3. T. 
ia et zmifica t doler. 



Sfom. 3. Subs. 5.] Fear, a Cause . 171 

dry bodie, and quite pewerts their temperature that are misaffected with it. 
As Eleonora, that exiled mournfil duchess (in out "F,glish Ovid), lament 
to ber noL1e husband Humphrey, duke of Glocester, 
« .awest thou those eyes in whose sweet cheerful look 
])uke llumphry oce such joy and pleasure took 
So,'row bath so despoil'd me of ail g,'ace, 
Thou could'st hot say this ws my Elaor's face. 
Like a foui Gorgon," 
"• if hinders concoction, refrigerates the heurt, takes away stomac]], colour, 
a»d sleep, thickens the blood (" Feruelius l. 1. cap. 18, de morb. causls), con- 
taminates the spirits." (" Piso.) Overthrows the natural heat, perverts the 
good estate of body and mind, and makes tbem weal T of their lires, cry out, 
howl and roar for very anguish of their souls. David confess¢d as much, 
Psalm xxxviii. 8, "I bave roared for the very disqnietness of my heurt." 
And Psahn cxix. 4 part, 4 v. "3y soul melteth away for very heaviness," v. 83, 
" I ara like a bottle in the smoke." Antiochus complained that he could hOt 
sleep, and that his hea fainted for grief, bChrist himself, Vit dolorum, out of 
an apprehension of grief, did sweat blood, Mark xiv. "His soul was henry to the 
death, and no sorrow was like unto his." Crato cons//. 2I, l. 2, gives instance in 
one that was so melancholy by reason of c grief; and Moutanus co»tsil. 30, in a 
noble marron, "« that had no other cause of this mischief." I. S. D. in Hildes- 
heim, fully cured a patient of his that was much troubled with melancholy, and 
for many years, "«but afterwards, by a little occasion ofsorrow, he fell into his 
former fits, and was tormented as befvre." Examples are common, how if 
causeth melancholy, t despcratiou, and sometimes death itself for (Eccles. 
xxxviii. 15), "Of heaviaess cornes death ; worldly sorrow causeth death." 
2 Cor. vii. 10, Psalm xxxi. 10. "My life is wasted with heaviness, and my 
years with mourning." Why was Hecuba said to be turned to a dog? iobe 
into a stone? but that for grief she was senseless and stupid. Severus the 
Emperor  died for grief; and how  many myriads besidcs? Tanta illi est 
Jëritas, tanta est insania le.crûs.  ]Ielancthon gives a reason of it, " the 
gathering of much melancholy blood about the heurt, which collection extin- 
guisheth the good spirits, or at least dulleth them, sorrow s4kes the heart, makes 
it tremble and pine away, with great pain; and the black blood drawn from 
the spleen, and d iffused under the ribs, on the left side, makes those perilous hypo- 
chondriacal convulsions, vhich hapl)en to them that are troubled w ith sorrow 

Sur, sEoe. V.--Fer, a Cause. 
Covm-A to sorrow, is fear, or rather a sister, c, and con- 
tinual comnion, an assistant d a principal agent in procuring of th mi 
chier; a cau and symptom  the other. In a word,  t Vh'gfi of the 
arpies, I may justly y of them both, 
 stlus hand illls monstre, noe $oecr ulla [ '« A sadd monst, or me el pleso felÇ 
Pt et h'a Deum sty seee eltt ." Or vcngean of the go» ne'er ce frvm SD'x or H].  
This f fiend of ç w worshipd heretofoe a a god y the 

• M. Dra.vton in his Her. ep.  Crato consll. 21.1Vo. 2. oestltla nnlversnm |nfrlgdat corpus, calorem 
|natum extinguit, appetitum destrutt. Cvr refrlgerat tr|tltia, spiritus cxsiccat, innatumque calorem 
vbrult, v|glliae inducit, concoctionem labefactat anguinem lncrassa, exaggeratque melancholi, m uccum. 
* Spiritus et sanguls hoc contaminatur. Piso. b Marc. v Is. 11. * Moerore maceror, marcescv et 
conseuesco mteG oesa arque pellis sure mlsera acrltudine. Piaut. • blalum in, eptum et actum a 
trietltia ola. * ll|lde.heim, spicel. 2. de melancholm, moerore snlm! postea accedente, in priora symp- 
tomata inc|dit. Vives 3. de av|ma, c. de moe ore. Sabin. in Ovi6. s l'leroan. I. . moeroremgis 
quam morlm cotsuuptus est. t Bothwcllius atrlbilarius obiit. Brizarrus Genuensls hlst. &c. t ho 
great is the flel.ceness and madnœss of melmcholy, • Moestitia cor quasi percussum constrivgitnr, trem|t 
œeet languescit cure acr| sensu doloris, in Irstitia cor fgens attahit ex bplee Ientum humorem el&u- 
chu||cura, quieffusus sub costis in s|nistro lalere hypochondriacos flatus facit quvd elœee a¢cidit ris qui 
diutuxna cura œeet mttttti4 cvnfilctantux. ][elacthoa. t IAb. 3. A'n. 4. 



172 Causes of Mdandwly. [Part. 1. Sec. 2. 

doemonlans, and most ofthose other torturing m affections, and se was sorrow 
amongst the rest, under the naine of Angerona I)e, they stood in such awe of 
them, as Austin de CiPitat. De/, I/b. 4. cap. 8. noteth out of Varro, fear 
commonly n adored and painted in their temples with a lion's head 
)Iacrobiu3 records l. 10. Sattrn«llum; "* in the calends of January, Angerona 
"had her holy day, te whom in the temph of Volupi*_, or goddess of pIeasure, 
their aumrs and bishops did yearly sacrifice; that, being propitious te them, 
she might expel all cares, anguish, and vexation of the mind for tlmt year fol- 
lowing." lany lamentable effects this fear causeth in mon, as te be red, pale 
tremble, sweat,  it makes sudden cold and hent te corne over Ml the body 
]alpitatiort of the heart, syncope, &e. It amazeth many mon that are te 
speak, or show themselves in publie assemblies, or belbre seine great per- 
songes, as Tully confessed of himself, that ho trembled still ai the beginning 
of his speech ; and I)emosthenes, that great orator o! Greece, before Philippus. 
If conf)u nds voice and memory, as Lueian wittingly bringsin Jupiter '_Pmgoedus, 
se mueh afraid of his auditory, when ho was te make a speech te the test of 
the gods, thaç ho could net utter a ready word, but was compelhd te use 
Iereury's help in prompting. lany mon are se amazed and aztottished wlth 
îear, they know net where they are, what they say,  what they de, and that 
which is worse, it tortures them many days bcfore with continual afldghts and 
suspicior If hinders most hbnourable attempts, and makes their heartz ache, 
sad and heavy. They that lire in fear are never free, resolute, secure, never 
merry, but in continual pain: that, as Vives truly said, 2Vulla est mîseria 
m.o qànt wtss, no greater misery, no rack, nor torture like unto it, ever 
SUSldciou., anxious, solicitous, they are childishly drooping without reason, 
without judgment, « ° especially if some terrible object be offered," as Plutarch 
bath it. It causeth oftentimes sudden madness, and almost ail manner of 
diseases, as I bave sufficiently illustrated in my t digression of the force of 
imagination, and shall de more at large in my section of * terrors. Fenr 
makes our inagination eoneeive what it list, invites the devil te corne te us, as 
• Agrippa and Cardan avoueh, and tyrannizeth over our lantasy more than 
ail et.ber affeetioes, espeeially in the dark. We sec this verified in most mon, 
as y Lavater saith, Qu rnetuunt,.fingunt; what they fear they conceive, and 
feign unto themselves; they think they see goblins, hags, devils, and many 
rimes become melancholy thereby. Cardan subtil, lib. 18. bath an example of 
such au one, se caused te be melancholy (by sight of a bgbear} all his 
after. Augustus Coesar durst net sit in the dark, n/r/ali/lUO assidente, saith 
• Suetouius, _Nunquam t, enebrls evigilavit. And 'ris strange what women and 
children will conceive unto themselves, if they go over a church-yard in the 
night, lie, or be alone in a dark room, how they sweat and tremble on a sudden. 
lany mcn are troubled with future events, foreknowledge of their fortunes» 
de.tinies, as Severus the emperor, Adrian and Domitian, Qu.od sciret ultimura 
vit diem, saith Suetonius, valde solicitus, much tortured in mind because he 
foreknew his end ; with many such, of which I shall speak more opportunely 
in another place, • Anxiety, mercy, pity, indignation, &c., and such iearfid 
bronches derived frein these two stems of fear and sorrow, I voluntarily omit; 
read More of them in  Carolus Pascalius,  Dandinus, &c. 

 Et metum Ideo deam sacrArunt rit onam montera eoneederet. Varro, Lactanttns, Ang. = Ll]iu 
Giraid. Syntag. 1. de diis miscellaniis.  Calendis Jan. ferioe eunt divœe Angeronoe ctll pontltice 
In eacelio Volup|p eacra faciunt, quod angores et aimi solicitudines propitiata propellat, • Timor 
inducit frgus, c»rdis paipitationen, vocis defecturn arque palloretn. Agrippa llb. I. cap. 63. T|rn|d| semper 
piritus habent gidos. Mont. q Effusas eernens fat.nentes agmine turmas; quls mes nunc inflat eornua 
Yaunus ait I Aiclat. • MetU» non r, olnm memoriam co,sternat, ced et institutum anitni omne et 
lautlabilem eonatum Impedil. Thucydide& • Lib. de forOtudine et virtuto Aiexandri, ubi propê res 
atlfuit terribilis, t Sect. 2. Merab. 3. Subs. 2. • Sect. 2. Memb. 4. Sabe. 3. • ubtiL 18. lib. 
tim,,r attrahit ad se Doemonas. tlmor et error multum in horninibun pos*unt, • Lib. 2. Spectri ca. ,t 
fortes rarb spectra vident, quia minus timent, • Vtta ejua. • Sect. 2. Mernb. 4. Sube. . • D 
vtrt. et vitiis, • Coin. in Arist de Anima. 



]Iem. 3. Subs. 6.] ,Sham« and 1)ssra«, C«uses. 173 
8WSECT. VI.SI and Dgre, Causcs. 
SHakE and disgrâce cause most olent psions and bitter pangs. Ob 
pem et dedecus publiera, oh rem commsum sœepe entur genosi 
ai'm£ (Fc luter l. 3.  al. nt) : Geaero minds are often moved 
with shame, to dcspair for some public disgrace. And he, ith Philo l. 2. 
 prid, dal, «  that subjects himself to fear, ic ambition, shame, is hot 
happy, but altother mrble, tortured with continual bour, tare, and 
misery." If is as forcible a batoerer as any of the test: " Many men ncglect 
the tumts of the world, and oere hot ibr glo, and yet they are afraid of 
infamy, repulse, disgrace, (Tul. oc. l. 1.) thcy OEn oeverely conmn pleasure, 
bear ief indiffercntly, but they are quite "battcred and broken with reproach 
and obloquy :" (sui&m vita et fa,paripas amb) and are  dejd 
many rimes for some public injury, dçace, as a box on the car by their 
infcfior, to be overcome of their adverry, foiled in the field, to be out in a 
peech, oeme foui ft commitd or disclosed, &c. that they date not corne 
abroad 1 their lires after, but melcholize in cornera, and keep in holes. Tho 
most genero spifits are most subject to it; Spitus ahosfi'angit et geos: 
Hieronym. Artotle, becausehe could hot undersmnd the motion of Eufip, 
for grief and shame droed himlf: Clius Rodiginus antuar. c. lib. 29. 
cap. 8. Homer pde coumptus, was swallowed up witi this passion of 
hame "oEuoe he could hot unfold the fisherman's riddle." Sophocles 
killed himoelf, "rfor that a tragedy of his was hissed off the sge :" a. 
.llaz. lib. 9. cap. 12. Lucretia stabbed helf, and so di6 Clcopatra, "hea 
he saw that she was oerved for a triumph, to avoid the amy." Antouius 
the Roman, "tafr he was overcome of his enemy, for three days' pace t 
soli in the fi»re-pa of the hip, abstaiug tom ail company, eve of 
Cleopatra hedf, and aKerwards for very shame buhered himself," lutarch 
vha ejus. "Apollonius Rhodius  wilfully banishe6 himoelt: foking his 
country, and al1 his dear fends, because he was out in reciting his poems," 
linius l. 7. cap. 23. jax ran mad, because his arms were adjudged to 
Ulyss In China 'tZ an ordinaxT thing for uch as are excluded in tho 
çamous trials of theit, or should Mke devez, for shame and grief to lose their 
wits, t$Iat. oeci expedit.  Sinas, l. 3. c. 9. Hostratus the friar took tha 
book vhich euclin had writ against him, uder the naine of Elt. obscur- 
orm vrum, so to hear/, tt for shame and grief hede awayhimlf, 
Jvvi-us in egi. A ve and lmed minuter, and an ordita preacher at 
Alcmar in Holland, was (one day as he walked in the fields for s roereation) 
suddenly takea wih a lax or loooene, and thereupon comlled to retire to 
the next dih ; but being surprised at unawares, by some gentlewomen of his 
rish wandefing that way, was so abhed, that he did never aKer show h 
head in publiG or corne into the pulpit, but pined away with melancholy : 
(Pet. Fort . obseat, lib. 10. obst. 12.) $o shamo amongst other 
psions can play his prize. 
I know there be many base, impudent, brazen-$aced roes, that will ul 
acere cul, d, ho moved vith othing, take no ifamy or disgrace to heart, 

* Qui mentem sbJeclt timorls domlnationl, cuplditatls, dolorls, ambitlonls, pndorls, felix non est, sed omnln 
miser, sasiduis laboribus torquetur et misel'ia, a Multi contemnunt mundi atpitum, reputant pro ihilo 
gloa,,, d riment infg,niam, offeionem, repuam. Voluptatem aeveimè contemnunç 
inollior glolil neglin frangun,ur infamia, • Gravitta cont«tmcliam feri. quam detrentu 
abjecto u[ntis au,roc tnu. Plut. tu Timot. ¢ Quo toris n'a lvere non poet, g Oh Tra. 
goediam explosam, mortem sibi gladio conecivit.  Cure vidit in triumphum se rvn cna ej 
Iominioe vitgndoe mortem aibi con8mvlt. Plu t Bello vict per tr 
absttnens ab omui conrtio, etiam CIeopatr po-t te interfecit, k Cure mal recit Argonauc oh 
udorem exulavit, t Quidam proe v'dia simul et dolore  in$iam incidunt, eo quod g Iitettom 
adu in exmuine excluduut, m Hostrat cuculist adeo viter oh Reucni librum  ecr.bitur, 
Episto oburotmm virorum, dolore elu,ul et pudore aauciatuS, ut «eipsum inteecel-it. =Propret 



17 Causes of Mdancholy. [Part. 1. Sec. 2. 
laugh et all; let them be proved perjured, stigmatized, convier rogues, thieves, 
traitors, lose their ears, be whipped, branded, carted, pointed et, hissed, reviled, 
and derided with p Ballio the Bawd in Pleutres, they rejoiee et if, CantoreslrrO- 
bos; "baboe and bombax," what tare they | We havv too many such in out 
rimes, 
«--.Exclamer ]bI«,llcert« perlsse 
--Frontem de rebut." 
et a modest man, one that bath graee, a generous spirit, tender of his repu- 
ration, will be deeply wounded, and so grievously affected with if, that he had 
rather give myriads of crowns, lose his life, than surfer the least det:,tmation of 
honour, or blot in his good naine. And if so be that he cannot avoid if, as a 
nightingale, Quce cantando victa twrltu" (saith 
another bird sing better, he languisheth and pineth away in the anguizh of 
spirit. 
SVBSECT. VII.--Envy, Malice, tIatred, Cat«ses. 
F_wT and malice are two liaks of th chain, and both, as Gnianerlus Tract. 
15. cap. 2. prove.s ont of Galen 3. Aphorism. coin. 22. "'cause this malady by 
themselves, especilly if their bodies be otherwise disposed to melancholy." 
'Tis Valescus de Taranta, and Foelix Platerus' observation, "'Envy so gnaws 
nany men's hearts, that they become altogether melmcholy." And therefore 
belike Solomon, Prov. xiv. 13. oeils it, "thc roe.ting of e.he bones," Cyprian 
vubus occullum ; 
«--- $1culi non Invenere tyranal 
lus tormentmn " 
The Sicilian tyrans never invented the like torment. t crucifies their sonls, 
wit.hers their bodies, makes them hollow-eyed, "pale, lean, and ghastly fo 
behohl, Cyprian ser. 2. de zelo e2 livore. "ras a moth gnaws a germer, t, so," 
saith Chrysosi;om, "doth envy consume a man ; fo be a living anatomy: 
akeleton, tobe a lean and "pale carcass, quickeaed with a "fiend," ]:[all in 
Charact. for so often as an envions wretch sees another man prosper, tobe 
enriched, fo thrive, and be forttmate in the world, to get honours, offices» or 
the like, he repinea and gr!,eves. Mntalaescltqe vtdendo 
IlCC.U homiaum---uçlAiCiamque »uum est. » 
le ortures himself if his equal, friend, neighbour, be preferred, commended, 
do well; if he understand of it, it galls him afresh ; and no greater pain 
corne l;o him han to hear of another man's well-doing ; 'ris a da,,«er a his 
heart every such object, l-Ie looks et him as they that fell down in Luciau's 
rock of honour, with an envious eye, and will damage himselt to do another 
aischief: Arque cadet subito, dura super hoste cadat. As he did in Esop, lose 
one eye willingly, that his fellow might lose both, or hat rich man in * Quin- 
tilian that poisoned the flowers in hia garden, becanse hia neighbour's becs 
should get no more honey from them. tIis xvhole lif¢ is sorrow, and every 
word he speaks a satire: nothing fits him but other men's ruins. For to 
speak in a word, envy is nought else but Trlstitla de bonis alienis, sorrow for 
Ps. Impdice. B. Ira est. Ps. scele.te. B. d|c|s vers. Pe. Verbero. B. qulppenl I Ps. tarcffer. B. factura 
ptime. las. soci fraude. B. sunt mer, ita:c, l's. pmTicida. B. perge tu. l'n. sacrilege. B. fateor, l's. perjure. B. 
vers di¢is. Pe. pernities udoleacentum. IL aeerrimi. Ps. far. IL bttboe, las. fugitive. B. bombax I l. frau| 
populL B. PlanissimC l's. impure leno, coenum B. cantorea proboa. Pseudolus act. 1. ,$cen. 3.  Meli. 
¢erta exclaims, "ail sh,me haa vanihed from human transactions." lersius, Set . • Cent. 7 e Plinio 
• Multos videmus propter invidiam et odium in melancholiam incidiase : et illoe potisimm quornm corpor& 
ad hane apte unt. «Invidia afltigit homines udeo et corrodit, ut bi melancholici peu tus fiant, • Hot. 
• His vultus ndnax, torvala aa--ectus, pallor in racle, in labiis trem,,r, stridor in dentibus,/ltc, rut tin¢. 
corrodit veatimentum, sic invldia eum qui zelatur consumit. 
lgusqtaam reeta scies, livent rubigine dente.s, • Diaboll expresse lmago, tozicum charitatia, venenuta 
amiciti., abyssus mentla, non et eo monstroslus monstrtam, dmaosius damnum, urit, torret, discruciat 
,cie et squalore conlicit. Attatin. Dorais. lrlml Advent. • Ovid. Ile pines awtty st the sight o| 
aaother's sueeeasit in hia slecial torture. * Declmn. 13. liaivit flores malelici sacci in I, eaatua 



Iem. . Subi. 8.] 

- Emulaton, Ilatr, ,f'c. 175 

other men's good, be if present, past, or te corne: et g,tudium de adverss, and ° 
joy at their harms, opposite te mercy, «which grieves at other mcn's mi- 
chances, and miflcts the body in another kind; se Damascen dcfines if, lib. 
2. dr ort/wd.ftd. Thomas 2. 2. qurst. 36. art. 1., Arstotle l. 2. 1,'het. c. 4. et 
10., Plate Philebo., Tully 3. Tusc., Çrej. Nic. l. devirt, animoe, c. 12., Basil. 
Invidia, Pindarus Od. l. ser. 5. a»d we fiad it truc. ïl'is a common disease, 
and ahnost natural te us, as °Tacitus holds, te envy another man's prosperity. 
And 'tis in most men an incurable disease. "ri haro rea,i," saith Marcus 
Aurelius, "Greek, Hebrew, Cha[dee authors; I have consulted with many 
wise men for a remedy tbr envy, I couid find none, but te renounce ail happi- 
ness, and te be a wretch, and miserable for ever." 'Tis the beginning of hcil 
in this life, and a passion net te be excnse& "gEvery other sin hath seine 
pleasure annexed te it, or will adroit of an excuse; envy alone tvants both. 
Other sins last but for awhile; the gut may be satisfied, anger remits, hatred 
bath an end, envy never ceaseth." Cardan lib. 2. de sap. Divine and human 
e.xmples are very familiar; y,u may run and rend them, as that of Saul and 
David, Cain attd Abel, angat illum non proprium peccatum, sed fratri pros- 
perita, saith Thodoret, it was his brother's good |brtune galled him. Rachcl 
envied her sister, being barrcn, Gen. xxx. Joph's brethren, him, Gen. xxxvii- 
David had a touch of thia vice, as he confesseth, Ps. 37. Jercmy and 
akkuk, they repined at others' good, but in the end they corrected themselve. 
l's. 75. "ft net thyself," &c. Domitian spited gricola for his worth, 
'athat a private man should be se much giorified." Cecinna was envied of 
his fellow-citizens, bcauoe he was more richly adorned. But of all others, 
 women are most weak, oh Ful«hritudinem iuvldoe suntfoemi,oe (Muswus)aut 
a»utt, aut odit, niYtil est tertium (Graw2eis). They love or hate, no medium 
amongst them Implacabiles plerumque lsœe mdieres, Agril,pina like, "° 
womaa if she sec ber neighbonr more neat or elegant, ficher in rires, jeweis, 
or apparel is enraged, and like a lioness oets upon her husbaud, rails at her, 
sco(ïs at ber, and canner abide ber;" se the Roman ladies in Tacitus did at 
Sohnina, Cecinna's viïe, v"because she hd a better horse and better furni- 
turc, as if she had hurt them with it; they were much offended. Tin like sort 
out gentlewomen de at thcir usual meeting, one repines or scoffs at another's 
bravery and happiness, bIyrsine, an Attic wench, was murdcred of ber 
lows, "«because she did excel the rest in beauty," Constantine Agricult. l. 11. 
c. 7. Every village will yield such examples. 

BBS.Cr. ¥IIL--/mu/atbn, Hatred, Faction, De.r« of Reveng«, Causes. 

Ouv of this roof of envy "spring tho ferai branches of faction, hatred, livor, 
emulation, which cause the like grievances, and are, serroe anisme, the saws of 
the sotl,  cansternatonis pleni a.rectus, affections full of desperate amazement; 
or as Cyprian describes emulation, it is "'a moth of the seul, a consumption 

*Statu|s ©ere| lasl||us eos ©omparat, qui llqueflunt ait prœesent|am tali, (11 alil gswlent et orantur. 
|tt5e- al,i, qttoe u|ceribu gaudeut, amoeua proetereuut, sistunt in foetidia.  h/5ericordi etiart 
quœe tristitta qnsedam et, soepe miser&nti corpus ma'e afltcit Agrippa I. 1. cap. 63. • Insitmn 
.ortalibus a naturs recentem aliorum fie)icitatem oegriS oculis intueri, hist. 1.2. Tacit. rLegt Chaldeos, 
Groeco He consultt| aapiente pro revaedio |nvtdi, hoc eui.m inverti, renunciarc fel|citati, e pet'petu 
luiser ee. sOmne peccatum aut excusationem secum httbet, aut v,»iuptatem, soi invidia uraque caret» 
relqus vifla fluem habe,t, ira defervecit» ttls atistur odium finem habet, luvidia nunquam quiecit. 
 Urebat me $emultio propret sttt|toa. Il|er. 12. 1. * Hab. 1. t inidit privati nomen supra 
principls attoKi. ' Tacit. Hist. lb. 2. part 6. Periture dolore et invidia, si quem viderinl; 
ornatiorem e |n pub||cum prodiisse. Pltdua dial. amorum. 
ue|ii foemina ieint elegitta 
equo et ostro veheretur, quatqum nulliu$ cure lnjuria, ornstum illun tnqua n lesoe gravsbantur. « Quo,! 
ichritudlne on»ne eoelleret, puelloe 
or rsdix omuium m,lorum, fo ¢ladiam, ide eliau: urgit, emulaio. C3aa r. 2. de LIv. ° Vtfl. 
rm L 3. cap. 9. • Qualis est aimi tinea, 
facere mIserim, et velut quosdam pectori uo admovere carnificea, cogiationibu et sen$ibu$ œeeuis adhibere 
tortoea, qui e |utetiuis cruitibus lacereut. 
supiratttr seraper et gcmitttrs et doletttr dies et noct¢ pectu sine iatermiione lcerattr, 



176 Causes OE Mdancholy. [Part. 1. Bec. 
fo make auother man' happine his miry, o tortuoe, ccify, nd execut 
himself, to eat h own heart. Meat and drk eau du such men no goed, they 
do always grieve, sigh, and groan, day and night withont intermission, their 
breast is torn under :" and a little after, "' Whomsoever hc is whom thou 
dost emulate and envy, he may avoid thee. but thou canst neither avoid him 
nor thyst.lf; wheresoever thou art he is with thee, thine enemy is ever  thy 
brut, thy destction  within thec, thou at a captive, bou,d hand and 
as long as thou art malicious and enotm, and oenst hot he comforted. It w 
the del's ovehrowj" and whensoever thou art thoroughly affected with thh 
io it w be te. Yet no pertbation so fi'equent, no roEion so common. 
A potier emulat a potier; [ A beggar emulates a bear; 
One smith envi other:  g m h broth. 
Every society, corporation, and pvae family  full ofi, i akes hold Imos 
of ]l sor of men, from he prince fo he ploughmau, even amongs goesi 
is  be een, oErce hree in  company bu here i siding, faction, emulatio,, 
Letween wo of hem, some mult«.% ja privae grudge, hear-buing in he 
mids of hem. Searoe wo genflemen dwell ogeher in the country (if hey 
Le hOt near n or linked in mariage), bu there is emaion bewix hem 
heir servants, some quael or some gdge bewixt heir wives or children, 
friends and followers, some conenion abou wealh, genry, precedency, e., 
by mes of which, like the og in =sop, "ha would swell ill he w 
big  an ox, bur heroelf a lt.;" hey will sretch beyond he forunes, 
callin, and srive o long ha hey consume heir substance in law-suiç$ or 
otherwise in hospialit.y, lèasting, fine cloches, fo ge a few bombast titles, for 
ambit«â pu«r I«bm orang, o outbrave one anoher, hey will ti 
heir bodies, mcerat.e heir aouls, and hugh contentions or muunl vi 
ions beggar hemselves. Scaroe wo ea schola in an age, bn wih bier 
inveciv hey fll foul one on he other, and their dherens; Scoist 
Thomis, es, ominds, Plno and Arotle» Gdenists and ar[z 
&c., i holds in all professions. 
Hones remdaion in sudies, in all callin is no o Le disliked, 'is 
um oes,  one ca i, he wheoue of wit, he nu of wi and valour, 
and those noble omns out of his piri did brve exploi Theoe is 
modest ambition,  Thesocles w rocd up wih the glory of 
Aellea' ol»hies moved Alexander, 
« • Amblre semp, stulta eonfidentla  
Ambire nquam d arrogantin L  
'Tis  luggih humour no o emulae or o sue ai ail, o wit.hdraw himIf, 
neglec, refrain ri'oto such place honours, ooEce hrough sloçh, uiggardlin, 
fear, bashfulus, or otherwiœe, fo wch by  bir place, founes, eduoe- 
ion, he is called, p, fi and well ble o undeo; bu when it is immoderat% 
i   plae and a miserable pa. %Vha  dl of money did Henry VIII. 
and Fanc I. ng of Fnce, spend a ha  famo interview'l nd how 
many win courtiers, eking each o outbve other, spent themoelves, heir 
livelihoed and fortuues, and died begga *Adrian he emperor was so 
gled with i, tha he kled all his equa; o did ero. This passion marie 
 Dionyzius he yrant banih Plao aud Philoxenus he poe, because hey did 
excel and ecUpse his glory,  he thought; he omans exe Coriolanus, con- 
tqulsquls t llle uem ulaH c Ind Is te snbteure pot ni  non  ubleunque fugerl 
6versari tu teeum esç ho»tis tutm sper in pectore tuo  peici i»t clus ligat  
zelo dominan captiv: nec solatia tibl ulla subvenlt: c diabolus inter ini station mundi, 
periit prlmu et perdidit, Cypan n. 2. de zelo et livore.  H«iod. Op. et Di. aRana capd 
qudl bovem,  distendebaç &e. • mulatio alit Ingenla : Patercul poster, vol  Groti. 
Epi. lib. I. "Ambition wa)' In a f..o confidcnc% ney a o TO¢e." "0119, 



lem.'. Subs. .] Anger, a C.e. " 77 
tine Camillus, mrtrJer Sciplo; the Greeks by ostraclsm to expcl Axistides, 
/icias, Alcibiaàes, imprison Theseus, make away l)hocion, &c. When 
Richard L and Philip of France were fe[low soldiers together, af the siege of 
con in the tIoly Land, and Richard had approved himself to be the more 
valiant man, insomuch that all men's eyes were upon him, it so galled Philip, 
aPrancum urebat Regia vctor, saith mine ®author, tare œegr ferebot Richardi 
gloriam, ut carpere dlcta, ealumniarifacta; that he eavilled at all his pro- 
ceedings, and fell at length fo open defianee ; he could contain no longer, but 
hasting home, invaded his territories, and professed open war. " Yiatred st.ira 
up contention," Prov. x. 12, and they break out af last into immortal enmity, 
into viruleney, and more than Vatinian hate and rage; d they peroeeute each 
other, their friends, followers, and all their posterity, with bitter tannt.s, hostile 
wars, selarrile invective.a, libels, ealumniea, tire, sword, and the like, and will 
hot be reconciled. Witness that Guelph and Ghibelline faction in Italy; that 
of the Adurni and Fregosi in Genoaj t.hat of Cneius lapirius, and Quintua 
Fabius in Rome; Coesar and Fompey; Orleaus and /3urgundy in France; 
York and Laneaster in England: yea, this passion so rageth "many rimes, 
that it subverts hot men only, and familles, but even populous eities, « Carthage 
and Corinth ena witness as much, nay flourishing kingdoms are brought into a 
wilderness by it. This hatred, malice, factiotx, and desire of revenge, invented 
first ail those raeks and wheels, atrapadoea, brazen bulls, ferai engines, prisons, 
inquisitions, evere laws to macerate and torment one another. Yiow happy 
might we be, and end out time with blessed days and sweet content, if wo 
eould eontain ourselves, and, as we ought to do, put np injuries, learn humility, 
meekness, patience, forger and forgive, as in t God's word we are enjoined, 
compose such final eontroversies amongst ourselves, moderate out passions in 
this kind, "aud think better of others," as «Paul would bave us, " thaa of 
ourselves: be of like affection one towards another, and hot avenge ourselves, 
but bave peaee with ail men." But being that we are so peevish and perverse, 
insolent and proud, so factions and seditious, so malieious and envious; we do 
invieera angariare, maul and vex one another, torture, disquiet, and preeipitat 
oumelves into that gulf of woes and earea, agravate out mizerjr and melan- 
choly, heap ai)on us hell and etemal damnation. 
Strsr.cr. IX.-- A nger, a Cause. 
A¢oa% a perturbation, which carries the spirits outwards, preparlng tl,e 
body fo melancholy, and madnesa itself: Irafuror brevis est, "anger is tem- 
porary madness ;"and as  Piceolomineus aeeounta it, one of the three most violent; 
passions, tAreteus sers if down for an espeeial cause ( doth Seneca, ep. 18. l. 1.) 
of thiz malaAy. h[agninus gives t.he reason, £xfrequenti ira supra modu» 
cale, uni; it overheats their bodies, and if it be too frequent, if breaks out into 
manifest madnesa, saitl St,. Ambrose. 'Tis a known saying, Furorfit laesa sel)ius 
pat/ent/a, the most patient spirit that is, if he be often provoked, will be incensed 
fo madnesa; i¢ will make a devil of a saint: and therefore Basil (belike) in his 
/-Iomily de Ira, ealh if tendras atkmis, wrbum anirac,, et daemonem pessl- 
muta; the daxkening of out undemtanding, and a bad angel. Lueian, in 
Abdeato tora. 1. will bave this passion fo work this effect» eapecially La o14 

*Johanne Hersldu.% 1. . e. 12. de bello eacro • ulla die tantum potertt lenlre furorem. Etern bell 
iace sublatA gerunt. Jttrat odum, nec ante luvlmm ee desinit, quam ee deiit. Paterculu& vol. 1. 
• Ira ,vit hoec stygls ministra ut urbe8 eubvertat aliquando, delest populo, provincias alioqui florentes 
redigst in soltlmdinea, morta]e vero mieros In profunda mlneriarum valle mierabiliter lrnmergat. 
* Cartbago lem Rouan| Lmperfi funditu lnterllt. Salust. Catir. Faul. 3 Col. ztom 12. 
• Grad. 1. ¢. 54. I Ira et moeror et lngem animi ¢onternatio me|aneholcos facit. Aretetm. Ira immoica 
gigatt imantam, • R¢g. enit, parte 2. c. B. in apertam Inmniam bOX ducitur |ratus. t Gilberto 
Coguato tnterprete, lIultis, et lr-ertim eenibu ira impote it3aiam f¢eit, et importuna ea]nml]ia, ]a.e 
tnitto perturb6t animtxm, patxlatim vevgit ad insaniam. Pvrro mulierum evrpora mnlta infestant, et in hune 
morbttm a44cuut, prcipu $| ,um oderiut sut [nvideeut, &c. h:ee ultirn in Insanlam tandem evadtml. 



178 Cau*e* of Melazelwly. [Part. 1. Sec. 2. 

men and womeu. " Anger and calumny (sith he) trouble them af first, and 
aftcr a while break out into maduess: many thiugs cause fury in women, 
especidly if they love or h:tte overmuch, or envy, be much grieved or aUgl'y 
these thiags by little and little lead them on to this malady." From a disl,O- 
sitiou they proceed fo au habit, tbr there la no difference bctweea a mad man, 
and an ang T man, in the rime of his ti; angcr, ms Lactautius describes 
L. de Ira Dei, ad DonaSum, c. 5. is 'sceva anind tenI)est«s , &c., a cruel tem- 
pest of the mind; "making his eyes sparkle tire, and stare, teeth gnsh in 
hoad, his tongue stut.ter, bis face pale, or red, and what more filtby imitation 
can be of a mad man " 
«  Ora turacnt lr fervescunt sanguine venoe, 
Lumin Gorg0nio eviùs angue mitant." 
Thcy are vold of reou, inexorable, bliud, like bets and mousters for the 
rime, sy and do they know hot what, curs, swear, rail, tight, and what hot? 
]tory eau a mad man do more? as ho said in the comedy, °Iracundia non 
«pude, I ara hot mine ovn man. If thes fits be immoderate, continue 
l,,ng, or be frequeut, without doubt they provoke maduess. ][vutanus, consil. 2 I, 
had a melaucholy Jew fo his patient, he ascribes this for a principal cause: 
]«ascebatur let'il)us de causis, he was easily moved fo anger. Ajttx had no other 
begiauiug of his madness; and barles the Sixth, that lunatic French king, 
thll into thls misery, out of the extremity of his pression, desire of revcnge 
and malice, Pincensed aguinst the duke of Britaiu, he could neither est, driuk, 
nor sleep ç)r some days together, and in the end, about the caleuds of July, 
1392, he became ml upou his horseback, drawing bis sword, striking such 
came near him promiscuously, and so contiuued all the days of his lire, 
lib. 10. Gal. his$. .AT.ge.¢ippus de excid, urbis Hieros. l. 1. c. 37. hath sueh 
story of Herod, that o',t of au augry tir, became mad, «leaping out of his bed, 
Le killed Josippus, and played many such bedlam prauks, the vhole court 
could hot rtfle him for  long rime after: sometimes he was sorry and repented, 
much grieved for tbat be had doue, Post..,v.am de]ërbuit ira, by and by outrage- 
ous again. Ifi hot choleric bodies, nothing so soon causeth madness, as this 
l)siou of auger, besides mauy other diseuses, as Pelesius observes, cap. 21.1. l. 
(le. htm. aject, causis ; Sazguinem inmlnui, fel auge : and as "Valesius con- 
troverts, Med. controv, lib. 5. contro. 8. many rimes kiils them quite out. If t.his 
were tbe worst of this passion, it were more tolerable, ""but it rfins and 
tlbvergs whole towns, cities, amilies and kingdoms ;" 2VOE/a pestis ltmarm 
generi pluris setit, saith SeneoE, de Ira, lib. 1. To plague bath doue man- 
kind so much barre. Look into our histories, and you shall Mmost meet with 
no other subject, but what a company of hare-braius bave doue in their rage. 
Ve may do we.ll tberefore fo put this in our procession amongst the test; 
"Fmm all blindness of heurt, from pride, vain-gloLv , and hypocrisy, ftm 
envy, hatred and malice, anger, and all such pestifcrous perturbations, good 
Lord deliver us." 

SUSEr. X.--Dseonterds, Çares, $$1ser% &c. Causes. 
Dsco.xTv..xs, Cal'eS, crosses, miseries, or whatsoever if is, that shall caus 
a,y molestation of spirits, grief, anguish, and perplcxity, may well be reduced 
o this head (preposterously placed here in some meu's judgments they may 
seem), yet in that Aristotle in lais lhetoric dcfines these cures, as be doth 
envy, emulatiou, &c. still by grief, I think I may well tank them in this iras- 

m Soeva anlml tCmpes{a.s tantos excltans fluctus ut statim ardescant o:!, osemat, ln tltube 
coerepanL c.  O id. o Terece.  lnfensus ritannioe Duci, et in ultioncm versu ncc cibum 
cel,it, nec quietem, ad Calendas Juli 13 mitcs occidit, q lnditio:c nimi frens, animiquv 
impotens, exiit de Iccto, turentcm non apiebat aul &c. • An ira polit hominem interimere. 
a Abeethy.  As Tf,»,, soevæ memore Junonis oh iram. a Stmtorum regnm et po 
utinet oestus, a Lib. 2. lnvia t dolor et ambRio t dolog  



]Iem. 3. Subs. 10.] Discontents, Cares, &e. 179 

cible row; beiug that they are as the rezt, both causes aud symptoms of this 
disease, produciug tho liko inconvenienees, and aro most part accompanie01 
with anguish and pain. The common etymology will evince if, Cura, quasi 
cor u, ementes curœe, insomnes curœe, damnos curæ, tristes, otordaces 
ear»ifices, 'e., biting, eating, gnawing, cel, itter, siek, d, unquiet, pale, 
t .trie, mioerahle, intolerable eares, as the poets reall them, worldly tares, and 
are as many in mmlber as tho  sands. "Galen, Fernelius, Felix Plater 
Valesem de Taranta, &e., reekon afflictions, miseries, even all these conten. 
tons, and vexations of the mind, m prineipM eaes, in that thcy take awa] 
e!eep, hinder eoneoetion, dry up the body, and consume the substance of it. 
They are hot so many in number, but their eaus bem divers, and not oneof 
a thousand foee from them, or that eaa viadieate himselç whom that Are 
« * Per homlnum eaplta molliter ambulans» [ "Over men's hea walklng aloft, 
l'n pcdum tcner habens :" Wita tender feet trcading o soft," 
omesGde Atehath notinvolv in thisdionteud "ïank, or plagucd 
with me misery or other. Hyginus, fitb. 220, fo this I»Wpose bath a l»le 
sant talc. Dame Cura by chanoe went ora brook, and taking op some 
the dirty slime, ruade an image of it; Jupiter csoo coming by, Imt lire to 
it, but Cura and Jupiter could hot agree what nme to give him, or whoshoulJ 
own him; the matter w referred to Satu asjudge, he gave thisarbitemenl : 
his name shall be llomo ab humo Cura eum possideat quamdiu vi,at, 
8hall haro him whflst he lires, Jupiter hL soul, and Telhts his body when 
dies. But to lve talcs. A general cauoe, a continuate cause, an inoepab[o 
idcnt, fo all men, is discontent, cam, misery : were there no other parti- 
eular affliction (which who is free from ?) to molesta man in this lire, the ver] 
cogitaion of that common mi, T were enough to maoerate, and make 
meary of his life; to think that he n never be secure, but still in danger, 
s r*% efi and persecution. For to begin at the hour ofhis birth, as  Phny 
doth elegantly describe it, "he is born nak, and çoes  a whiniug at the 
very first, he is swaddled aad bound op like a prisoner, cannot help himself, 
and so he coutimes to his life's end." CO,,squefi.roe pabulum,saith * Senec 
impatient of heat and cold, impatient of labour, impatient of ieness, exposed 
to foune contumelies. To a naked marer Lucretius compar him, 
on shore by shipwreck, cold and comfortle in an unknown land : + no estate, 
age, sex, can secure himoelf from th common mLsery. "A man that is bol 
of a woman is of short eontuanoe, and fidl of trouble." Job xiv. 1, 22. 
« And whfle his h  upon him he shall be sorrowful, and while his so,l 
is in m it shall mourn." " A his days are ow and his travels grief. ; 
his heart also taketh hot rt in the night," Ecdes. . 23. and il. 1 l. " 
th:«t is in it is soow and vexation of spirit." e Ingress, progrcss, regress., 
egrem, much alike: Elin izeth on us in the beginning, labour iu th 
middle, grief in the end» error in all. What day ariseth tp us without some 
grieÇ OEre, or anguish ] Or what so cu and pleing a morning bave 
seen, that bath hot been overct before the evening ? One  mirabl% 
another ridiculous, a third ious. One complains ofth grievance, another 
of that. Allçndo nervi, aliquando pedes vexant (Seneca) hune dlstillatlo, 
ntow hepatis rb ; nunc det, hune s&ert sançuis : now the head aches 
thea the feet» now the lungs, then the ver, . l[uic sensus exu6erat, sed 
lnmn Claudian. Tte Vlrg. Mordac, Lac. Ed, Hor. MOE«tœe. Am Ovld. Damnos 
Inquie Mart. Urent, Rodt Mant. &c. • Galen. 1. $. c. 7. fie lotis affeetis, homin sunt maxime 
melanchollci, qando viglliis mtdt et so]icitudinlbu& et laboribu% et cm' ftteriut circuventi * Lucian 
Po«lag. *nia lmpeffec eonfus et perturbatlone plen Can. t Lib. 7 nat ist. cap. 
homlncm nudum, et ad vagi/ edit na/ura. Flens ab initio, devinct jacet &e 
et laclxrymans morlor, &c. * Ad Manum.  Boethhts. d lnitium ¢oecit% prgressum labor, exltu 
dolor, CTOr omnia : quem ,mquillnm qu:cso» quem non lario aut anximtt al»cal ¢gi 1 l'çtrnrc 



180 Causes of.'tlelanchlJ. [Part. 1. c. 2. 

est pudorl de9ener sanguls, gyc. Ite is rieh, but base bora ; he is noble, but 
poor ; a thirdhath means, but he wants health peradventure, or wit tomanage 
his estate; childrea vex one, wife a second, &c. 2Vemo faeilk cure ¢onditione 
$uâ concordat, no man is pleased with lais fortune, a pound ofsorrow is Iami- 
iarly mixed with a dram of content, little or no joy, little comfol', but °every- 
w here d:mger, contention, anxiety, in all places: go where thou wilt, and 
thou shalt find discontents, cares, woes, complaints, sickness, diseases, iacum- 
brances, exclamations : " If thou look into the market, there (saith * Chry- 
sostom) is brawliag and contention; if fo the cour, there knavery and fiat- 
tery, &c. ; if to a private man's bouse, there's cark and care, heaviness,"&c. 
As he said ofold, tHil komine in terrâ $pirag raierum mages almd 
creature so miscrable as man, so geuerally molested, "« in miseries of body, 
iu miseries oï mind, miseries of heart, in miseries osleep, in miseries awake, 
in miseries wheresoever he turns," as Bernard round, Nunquidtentatio est vita 
humana super terrain ? A mere temptation is out liïe (Austin, eo»Jès, lib. 
10, cap. 28). eatena perpetuorum malorum, et quis æotest molestias et d;J]ï- 
cultates pari? Who tan endure the miseries of it  " + In prosperity we aro 
insoleut and iutolerable, dejected in adversity, in all fortunes foolish and 
miserable."  In adversity I wish for prosperity, and in prosperity I ara ail'Md 
of ad'ersiy. What medioerity may be round? Where is no temptation 
What condition of lire is free ] 'Wisdom hath labour aanexed to it, glory 
eny; riches and cares, ehihlren and incmblances, pleasure and diseases, rest 
and beggary, go together: as if a man were therefore born ( the Platoaists 
hohl) o be punished in this lire for some preceden sins." Or that, as  1-'liny 
eompldns, "/qature may be rather accouuted a step-mother, than a mother 
unto us, ail thiags eonsidered: no ereature's lifo so brittle, so fuil of ïear, so 
mari, so furious; only man is plagued with envy, discontent, griefs, eovetous- 
ness, ambition, superstition." Our whole life is an Irish sea, wherein thero 
is aought fo be expectcd but tempestuous storms and troublesome wave% and _ 
those infinite., 
u» Tantum malorum pela:u spiclo. 
Ut non ait inde enatndi copi'" 
no haleyonlan rimes, whereln a man cat hold himselfsecure, or agree 
present esgate; bnt as Boethius inïers» « There Js somehing in every one or 
us whieh 10efore trial we seek» and having tried abhor : ° we earnstlywish, and 
egerly covet» and are efgsoons wea oï it." Thus between hope and fear, 
suspicions, angers, ° Inter spernque neturnque, timores inter et iras, betwixt 
alling in, falling out, &c., we bangle away our best days, befool out out 
rimes, we lead a conentious, diseongent, tumultuous, melaneholy, miserablo 
lire; iasomueh, th:t if we eould foretel| wh,t was to corne, nd i 1)ut to out 
ehoiee, we should rather reïuse ghan aeeepg oï çhis painful liîc. In a word, 
world itselï is a maze, a labyrinth of errors,  desert, a wilderness, a den of 
.hieves, eheaters, &e., fifll of filghy puddles, horrid roeks, preeipiiums, an 
oeean of e.dversiy, an heavy yoke wherein infirmities and ca]amifiesove|'take 
and ïo]low one another, a the set waves; and if we scape Seylla, we fall fotd 
on Chaxybdi% atd so in ierltun] fear» labour» anguish, we rtm om one 
• Ublqe peHculum, b|qtte do|or, ublque naufragIum In hoc ambItu quocuque me vertsm. Lypiu.. 
• Hom. 10. ni in forum iveris» ibi rxoe et pugnœe ; si In curiarn, ibi frau, adulatio  si In domura 
privatam &¢.  Homer. • Mullis rcpletur horno rn[seriis, corporis miscriis» anim| miserli dura 
dormir, dura vlgilat, quoctmque se vertiL Lususque rerum, temporumque nascimur. "" In blandiento 
fortuna intolerandi, in calarnitatibls lugubres, semper stulti et niseri, Cardan. • Prosper in adversi$ 
dcsltlero et atlversa prosperis timeo, quis inter hoec rneùius locus, ubi non fit humanoe vit 
 Cardan. Consol. Sapientioe labor annexus, glorioe invidia livitlis ©ure oboli solcitudoÆ volupt«t! morbl 
quieti paupcrta» ut quasi frueudorum 8celcrum caua noEI houalnern possis curn 
• Llb. 7. cap. 1. NOn tis .timage, an mcli0r parens natura horninl, n trtstior noverca fut'rit: qulll 
fro.gi|ior 'it paver, confus|o, rabies major, uni animantium ambitlo ùata, luctu avaritla, uni stlpertitio. 
z L uripides. "I percelve such an ocean of trouble before me,/bat no means of ecape remal'n." 
olat)]. 1.9__. • - - . . 
lemo facile curn condztmnc su ctmcordat lncst 5!.gttiis qucd imperiti pctan.» exper:i horreur. 
• Ese in honore juvat, mox di»piit et, * Or. 



Mem. 3. Subs. lO.J 1)iscontents, Cares, &c. 181 

plague, one mischief, one bm-den te hnother, durera servièntes ser.ituera, and 
you may as soon separate weight frein lead, heat frein tire, moistnesa frein 
water, brightness frein the sun, as misery» discourent, eare, ealamity, danger, 
fivm a man. Out towns and eities are but se many dwelhngs of human 
misery. "In whieh grief and soxa-ow (»as he right well observes out of Selon) 
innumerable troubles, labours of mortel men, and ail rnanner of vices, are 
ineluded, as in se many pens." Out villages are like mole-hills, and men as 
se many emmets, busy, busy still» going te and fro, in and out, and erossing 
one another's projeets, as the lines of several sea-eards eut eaeh other in a 
globe or map. "low light and mexTy, but (cas one follows if) by-and-by 
sorrowful and heavy; new hoping, then disrusting; new patient, to-morrosv 
erying out ; new pale, then red; running, sitting, sweating, trembling, halt- 
ing," &e. Seine few amongst He test., or perhaps one of a thousand, may be 
Pullus Jovis, in the world's esteem, Gal[inoe 371ius albce, a.n happy and forgu- 
nate man, ad invidiarafelix, became rieh, fait, well allied, in boueur and otfice 
ye peradvenm-e ask himself, and he will say, that of ail others, "he La most 
miserahle and unhappy. A fait shoe, lIie soeczs nov, el, e#cs, as he ' said, 
sed nescl.s ubi ur(t, but thou knowest net where it pineheth. It, is net another 
man's opinion ean make me happy : but as t Seneea well bath if, " He is a 
miserable wreteh that doth net aeeount lfimselïhappy; though he be sovereigt,. 
lord of a world, he is net happy, if he tlfink himself net te be se; for what 
availeth it what thine estate is, or seem te others, if thou thyself dislike itl" 
A eommon humour it is of all men te think well of other men's forunes, and 
dislike their own: *6ui placet alt«ius, sue nimirum e.t odio sors; but 
$[eceenas, g:c., how cornes it te pass, what's the cause of i¢ lIany mcn are 
ofsueh a perverse nature, they are well pleased with nothing, (saith °Theodoret) 
"neithet- with riches ner poverty, they eomplain when they are well and when 
they are sick, grumble et ail fox, unes, prosperity and adversity; they are 
troubled in a eheap year, in a ban'en, plenty or net plenty, nothing pleaseth 
them, war ner peaee, with ehildren, ner without." This for the mosç part ia 
the humour of us all, te he discourent, misemble, and most unhappy, as wo 
think at leas; aud show me him that is net se, or that ever was otherwise. 
Quintlas Metellus his felieity is infinitely admired amongst the Romans, inso- 
much that as  Paterculus mentioneth oflfim, you eau scaree find of any nation, 
order, age, sex, one for happiness te be eompared unto him: he had, in a 
word, JBona animl, eorporls etfortunoe, good of mind, body, and fotune» se 
had P. ]Iutianus, * Crassus. Lampsaea, that Lacedemoni.an lady was such 
another in « Pliny's eoneeit, a kings wffe, a king's mother, a king's daugher: 
and ail the world esteemed as mueh of Polyerates of Samos. The Greeks 
brag of their Soera¢es, Phoeion» Aristides; the Psophidians in partieular 
their Aglaus, Omnl vitâ felix, ab omni periculo iamunis (whieh by the way 
Paunias held impossible); the Romans of their ° Cato» Curius, Fabrieius, for 
their eomposed fo¢tuaes, and retil estates, government of passions, and eon- 
temp of the world : yet noue of all these were happy, or free frein discourent, 
taeither Metellus Crassus, or Polyerates» for he died a violen death, and se 

luct et moervr, et mosl[um vl[ irfinitique Iabor et vmnis genes viti qui aept includuntur. 
Ç Nat. Cheus de HI. Europoe: Ls nuu mox tristis; unc sranN pulo st diffidens; çatiens bodiN 
¢ras ulans nunc pallenN ben cueus, sedenN claudicans, trcmeus, &c. • Sua cque ealamit 
pripug.  Cu. Groedn. « Epist. 9. 1.7. Mer t q se beatiimum non jut; Hcet impere 
mundo non tb q  non pat: qd enlm refert quels status  si al tibi detur malust 
 Hot. . 1. 1.4. ffi Hot. Ser. 1. Sat. 1. Lib. de rst. oec. affect, cap. 6. deprodeut, btis 
ihfl plat tque adeo et diti dnaut, t pupettm» de mrbis exposlau ue valent aviter 
ferun arque ut semel dicam, uihil e delecta &c. » Viz ul genti oet crdini hcminem 
inveni c feUcitsm fortun leteHi compr, vol 1. * P. Crsus Muti quinque habusn 
lcitur rem bonum maxim quod et ditiim, quod es$ nvbilissimuN eloquentiimuN juou- 
suifllm pontifex mim, d Lib. 7. Res flli Rs uxor, Res mater, • Qui u uuqua 
m aut  aut fcci aut esl qui bene er fecit, nnd li* fcre v p0L 



d i,l Cato; and how much cvil «loth Lactantius and Thcodoret speak of Socrates, 
u weak man, and se of the rcst. There la no content in this lire, but as • he 
said, «Ail is vanity and vexation of spirit ;" lame ami imperfect. ]=Iadst thon 
Sampson's huit,/[ilo's strength, Scanderbeg's arm, Solomon's wisdom, Absa- 
lom's beauty, Croesus's vealth, /aset/s obulum, Coesar's valeur, Alexander's 
sœeirit, Tully's or Demosthenes' eloquence, G.vge' ring, Pcrseus' Pegasus, and 
Gorgon  heu,l, Nestor's years te corne, ail thi. wouhl net make thee absolute, 
give thee content and trte happiness in this lire, or se continue if. Even in 
the midst ofall out mirth, jollity, and Iaughter, is sorrow and grief or ifthere 
be truc happiness amongst us, 'tis but for a time, 
"• Destnlt in lhcem roulier formosa -uperuè :"  « A haudsome woman wlth a flsh's til." 
a l'air morning turns te a lowering afteraoon. ]3rtts and (assius, op.c0 
rcnowned, both eminently happy, yet you shall scarce find two, (saith Pater- 
ehs) Q,.tosfortuna naturlùs destituerit, whom fortune sooner forsook. 
nibal, a conqueror all his lire, met with his match, and was subdued af las, 
Occurrie forti, qui magè fortis erit. One is brought in triumph, as Csar into 
]'ome, Alcibiades into /kthens, coronis aureis don$us, crowned, honoureoE 
a imired; by-and-by his statues demolished, be hissed out, massacred, &c. 
 Magnus Gonsalva, that famous Spaniard, was of the prince and people af 
t:rst honoured, approved; forthwith confined and banished. Ad«tiradas 
actiones ; graves plerunqu, e seuuntur nvizlice, e actes calumnize: 'tis Polybius 
his obser'ation, grievous enmities, and bitter calumnies, commonly follow 
rcnowned actions. One is boru rich, dies a beggar; souud to-day, sick to- 
morrow ; new in most flourishlng estate, fortunate and happy, by-and-by de- 
prived of his goods by foreign enemies, robbed by thieves, spoiled, captivatcd, 
impoverished as they of" t Rabbah, put uneler iron saws, and under it'oa har- 
rows, and uader axes of irou, and cast into the tile -kiln," 
«« kQuid me fel|cem Ioties:laet$ti• arnicl, 
Qui ceci4it, tabili non erat ille gratin." 
/de that crst marded like Xcrxes with innumerable armies, as rich as Croe:s, 
nov shifts for himself in a poor cock-boat, is bomd in iron chains, with 
]3ajazet theTurk, and a footstool with .urelian, for a tyrannising conquçror te 
trmple on. Se many caouMties the are, that as Senec said of eiy con- 
sumed vith tire, Uns dies iuerest inter asma» civitat et nullam, one 
betwixt a gat city and none: se many grievances from outward accidents, 
and frein ourselves, our own indiscretion, inordinate appetite, one day betix 
a man antl no man. And which is worse, as if discontents and mLseries would 
net eome tïtst eaough upon us: Iwnw homini dvemon we maul, persecute, and 
sttdy how te sting, gall, and vex one anothcr ith mutuM hatred, abuses, 
itjuriesj preying upon and devouring as se many  ravenous birds; and as 
jggle, panders, bawds, cozening one another; or raging as  wolves, tigers, 
and devils, we take a delight te forment one another; mon are evil, vicked, 
malicious, treacherous, and ° naught, net Ioving one auothe; or loving them- 
sclves, net hosl)itable , charitable, ner sociable as they ought te be, but counter- 
ït.it, dbsemblers, ambidextêrs, all for their own ends, haM-hearted, merciles 
1,itiless, and te benefit themselve_z, they cure net what mischief they procure te 
others, ° t'raxinoe and Gorge in the port, when they had got in te ser those 
costly slghts, they thên cried be»è est, and would thrust out all the rest: when 
thcy are rich themselves, in honour, preft.rred, ïull, and haro even tha-t they 
would, they debar othcrs of those l)leasua-ea which youth requircs» and they 
tSo|omon, Eccles. I. 14. • Hot. Art. Poet.  Jovu vita ejus. 2 Sain. xii. I. • Boethius 
|lb. I. M,_t..Ieto I.  0mnes hic aul captantur, aut captant: aat ead&vera qttœ lacerantur, ant cor'i qui 
lacerant, l'etrn. 
m Homo omne monstrum est, ille nm .upirat feras, ]..nposque et ursos pectre obscuro 
tegit. Hens.  Quod P,tercult de populo Bomano, durante belIo oEco per nos ] i5, &ai bell,,m 
ite" coS aut belli i,roeparatio» &ut inflda psx» idem ego de mmldt &ccolls.  Theocrit1 Idyll. I° 



Miem. 3. Subs. IO.] 

Dsconhnts, 6'u s, ,'c. 

183 

ibrmerly bave enjoyed. He sits aç toEble in a soïu chair af case, but he d,»th hot 
rcmember in the meantime that a tired waiter stands behiud hhn, "an hungry 
tbll,»w miniers to him full, he is athirst that gives him driuk (saith p Epictetu.) 
and is silent whilst he speuks his pleasure: pensive, sad, when he latghs." 
]*leno se prolai auto: he feasts, revels, and profasely spends, bath variety of 
robes, sweet music, ease, and all the pleasures the world can afford, wh]lst many 
an hunger-starved poor creature pines in the street, wants clothcs to cover him, 
labours hard ail day long, runs, rides for a trifle, fights peradventure from sun 
to sus, sick and ill, weary, full of tin and grief, is in gat distress and sorrow 
of heart. He loathes sud scorns his iaiërior, hates or emulates his equal, envie» 
his superior, insults over all such as are under him, as if he were of another 
species, a demi-god, hot subject to auy fall, or humau infirmities. Generaily 
they love hot, are hot beloved again : they tire out ot.hers' bodies with cou- 
tinual labour, they themselves living af case, caring for none else, sibi 
and are so far many rimes from putting fo their helping hand, that thcy seek 
al! means to depress, even most worthy and wcll deserving, better thaa them- 
selves, those whom they are by the laws of nature bound fo rclieve and help, 
as much as in them lies, they will let them caterwafl, starve, beg, and bang, 
before they will any ways (though it be in their power) assist or ease: 
uunatttral are they for the most part, so uaregardfid; so hard-hearted, so 
clmrlish, proud, insolent, so dogged, of so bad a disposition. And being 
brtish, so devilishly bent one towards another, how is it possible but 
we should be disconteat of ail sides, full of cares, woes, and miseries  
If ths be hot a sufficiet proof of their discontent and misery, examine every 
condition and calling apart. Kings, princes, monarchs, and magistrates seem 
to be most happy, but look iato their estate, you shall "find them to be mos 
encumbered with cares, in perpetual fear, agony, suspicion, jealousy : that as 
• he said of a crown, ff they knew but the discontent that accompaay it, they 
woud hot stoop to take it tp. Quem mihi regem d,5is (saith Chrysostom) non 
curis plenum? What king canst thou show me, noç ftfll of cares ? "«Look 
noç on his crow, buç consider his afflictions; atterd hot his number of servants, 
but multitude of crosses." Ni/il «l'td potestas culndds, ?uàm tempests mentis, 
as Gregory secouds him; sovereignty is a tempest of the soul : Syllu-like 
they bave brve titles but terrible fits: splezzdorem titu[o, crwitum aH»w : 
which ruade * Demosthenes vow, si vcl ad tribunal, rcl ad iteritum duceretur : 
if to be a judge, or to be condcmned, wcre put to his choice, he would be con- 
demned. Rich men are in the saine predicament ; what their pais are, stuRi 
esciut, ipsi sett'nt: they feel, fools perceive hot, as I shail lrove el.sewhcre, 
and their wealth is bt-ittle, like children's rattles: they corne and go, thcre 
no certainty in them: those whom they elevate, they do as suddea[y depress, 
and leave in a wde of misery. The middle sort of men are as so many asses to 
bear btrdens; or if they be free, and lire af esse, they spend themselves, and 
consume thcir bodies and fortunes with luxury and riot» contention, emulatiot, 
&c. The poor I reserve for another place, and their discontents. 
For particular professions, I hold as of the rest, there's no conten or security 
in any; on what course will you piteh; how resolve? to be a divine, 'tis coa- 
temptible in the world's estcem; to be a lawyer, 'tis to be a wrangler ; to bo 
a physician, *pudet [otii, 'ris loathed ; a philosopher, a madman ; an alchymist 
a beggar; a poet, esurit, an hungry jack; a musician, a player; a schoolmas- 
ter, a drudge; an husbandman, au emmet a merchant, hL gains are tracer- 

• Q,tl sedet in mensa, non meminlt sib! ofioso miulstrare 
« Quado in adolescenfia sus ipsi vixent, lautius et liberius vo]uptat su expleverin ilfi atis imp 
unt duriorcs contincnfioe legs.  Lugubris Are hictu,lue fero Regum tumid obsidet arcs. R 
quief'lictt * Plgloquammelh«hbet. Non humij4ctemtoIler. Valet. I. 7. e. 
da«Icm «plcm, sed vimm aicfione refertam, non caeç satellim, sed cura mulfidvcm. 
luch rclatet - Sect. 2. memt. l. ubsect. 6. 



18t Cause of JIelancolg. P_art 1. 
; a mec]mnleian, e;  ehurgeon, me; 
tailor,  thief a serving-man,  slave ; a soldier, 
metalman, the pot's never from'a no;  courier,  rite,  he could fiad 
no tree in the wood to bang mœelf; I n show no stoEte of life to give con- 
tent. The like you may y of all agea; childrea ve   peet slaves, 
stiH dcr that tauoE1 government of mtc; youag men, and of riper 
yea, subject to labour, and a thond cares of the world, fo treache, f- 
hood, and cozenage, 
«' Incedit per 1 ] 'you lncauflo ead 
Supposis ccri doloso," 
%Id are lI of aches in their bones, cramps and convsio, sgl;cernia, dI of 
heag, weak sighd, boat, wriled, bath, so much altered  that they 
cannot ow the own face in a glass, a bmhen to theelv and othe, aftcr 
70 years, "ail is ow" ( Dard th it), they do not live but lr. If 
they be sound, they fear des; ff sick, wey of their Hves: N est gere 
ced va[ere, vRa. One complains of want, a second of servitude, banother of a 
ecrct or incurable disee; of some deformity of body, of some loss, danger, 
death of friends, spwreck, peecutio, impsonment, disgr, repuhe, 
contumely, calumy, able, iju, contempt, atitude, kdness, scofl, 
flotts, unïortunae maiige, singie le, too ny chHdre no cdren, false 
servants, unhappy chfldren, barre, banent, oppression, frtra 
hors and fil success, &c. 
" Talia de geuere hoc adeo sunt mt loqnacem ut [ « Bu ee vado ln fo repeah 
Delare valent Fabi.-:' %Vod te en Fabi of ct prateD 
Talking Fabius will be t]red belote ho OEn tell ha of them  they are the 
subject of whole volumes, and shall (some of them) be more opportely dilated 
.Isewhe. In the meaufime th much I may say of them, that genelly they 
crudfy the soul of ma *atnuate o bodies, dry them, wit.her them, shrive[ 
them up ke old apples, make them  so manyamies 
et totus, ira cur[s macet), they u tem]» foedum et sçulidum, cumbersome 
days, ra$aue temora» slo% dull, and hea rimes: make 
and tear our hairs,  sorrow did  gCebe table,.and an for the very 
anguh of o souls. Our hearts fail  as David'a did, Psal.  12, "for 
numcrablc troubles that compsed hin ;" and we are ready to confe with 
]lezckiah, Isaiah Ivifi. 17, " bchold, for fcliclty I had bitter ief;" to weep 
with Hcraclitt, to curse the day of out bih with Jemmy,  14, and our 
stars with Job : to hold that axiom of Silenus, " betr never  bave been 
born, and the best next of all, to e quickly :" or we mt lire, to abdon the 
worl[,  Timon did ; creep ht caves and hoIes, 
htto the sea,  Cras Thebanus ; or as Theombrot Ambrociato's 400 
auditors, precipite oelv to be rid of these meries. 
SsE. XI.Concp[aclble Mpetite as esires, Ambiti, Caes. 
Tuv concupiscible and cible appetites are as the two twists of a tope, 
mutually med one with the other, and both twg about the hea : both 
good,  Atin holds, l. 14, c. 9, d« civ. Dei, "if they be modem ; both 
pernicious  they be exorbitant." Th concupcible appefite, howsver it 
may seem t c T t it a show of ple and dcght,and o oencupinoes 
o»t par aect us with contentanda plg object, yet they be  exem 
they rack and iag  on the other side. A te g it , « Dee bath no 
xst;"  infi  itsel enoe; and  one OE it, a peet  or 
• êl lucratif, n mod entiendo. T. OoEc. z Hor. I. 2. od. I. a Rus  ldque 
 x. eac m er. oet. t Omitto oN  moe quos nemo audet foeDc dicoee C 
. F auto. , HOec quoe crm e elh oe$. 
 rectam rationcm scqutur» moe  exorbitant, k Tho. Buoe. Frob. 



]orse-mill, aceording fo Austin, sri11 going round as in a ring. They are hot 
so continual, as divers, .fd//ùs aomo» dnumfae posem, ith  Beard, 
m t cord; nu,m , u  cogito, you may as well reckon up the 
mos in the sun  the " I exteuds itsdf every thing," m Gnerius 
fi bave it, "that  superfluomly sought afr :" or to any  fervent desire, m 
Feme]ius rprets lU; be if in what nd soever, it tortures if moderate, 
and  (ecorg fo  Plar and othe) an eseial OEuse of melacholy. 
Mt cocti dnur coghat , q Aust eonfed, tt 
he w to  pieces ith his manifold dees: and  doth  rnard ¢om- 
pin, « that he eould hot test for them a mu of nn hour: t I wod 
bave, and that, nd then I desire fo be such and sueh." 'Tis a rd marrer 
themfore to confine them, beg they are so various and many, imssible fo 
appmhend u. I 11 only t upon ome few ofthe ceç d mos noxio 
in their kind,  thut exorbitt appetite and doee of hono, hich e com- 
monly el mbition; love of moy, ch  eovetone, and that eedy 
dese of : -love, pr[de, and [nordi dire of vain-glo or applae, 
love of study in exs; love of women (which ill requh'e a jtmt volume of 
itlç, of the other I will briefly speak, and  theoE order. 
&mbitio a proud eovetousness, or a d tht of honour, a t toure of 
the nd, comped ofen, pride, aad veoue, a Hant madnes% ono 
"defiaes it a plent poon, brooe "a canker of the soul, an dden 
plae:" t Bernard, «  secret poin the father of vor, and mother of h 
esy, the moth of hoess, and c ofmadns, crucying and qtfietg 
aH tha it takes hold of."  Sen oells i rem solgtam, tlmidam, vanam, 
v«osam, a windy thing, a vain, solicitous, and feafful thing. For commonly 
they that, like Sysiph, roH th restle sne of ambition, are in n etual 
agony, still "perplexed, semT taciti, ts reunt ucrcti), doubtful, 
orous, suspicious, loath  offend  word or deed, st cogging and colloe- 
ing, embracing, oepping, cringing, applaudhg, flattering, flceg, visiting, 
waiting at men's doo, th M1 ability, counte¢eit honesty and humty.  
If that 1 hot sexe,  onoe this humour (as z Cypfian deribes it) posse 
his tty soul, aitis saugo i b inmm posde, by hook and 
by crook he wi obtain if, "and from his holc he will climb  all honou and 
offices, if it be poble for m to get up, flattering one, b6bing another, he 
wiH leave no means essay'd  win a." "It  a wonder to see how slavishly 
the d of men subjt themselves, when they ara about a st, to eve 
inferior rson; what pai they will ke, n, ride, cast, plot, countermine, 
protest and swear, vow, promise, what hbours dergo, dy up, down late; 
how obsequiom aud affable they are, how popular and coeous, how they grin 
and fleer upon eve mau they meet; with what le,ring and invitg, how 
they snd theelv and their founes, in seeking that many tim, which 
they had much tter be without i " Cyneas the orator told Pyhus: with 
what woeng nights, pnf home, anxious thoughts, and bitrness of mind 
in soee tu, distracted and ted, they oensume the tem of their 
rime. There can be uo ter plae for the preoent. If they do obta their 
s wch th such oest aud socitude theyhave sought, they are hOt so freed 

m Tract. de Inter. e. 92.  Ciron quamlibet rem mundl hoee passlo flert potest, quoe superflub dlllgatur. 
Tract. 15, c. 17. o Ferventlus destderium, p Imprimis ver6 Appetttus &e. S. de alien, ment. q Conf. 
1. c. 29. • Per dlversa loca ragot, nullo temporis momento quieco, ta]is et tal/s esse cupio, Dlud arque lllud 
labere desldero, • Ambros. t. . super Lucm, oerugo tmoe. t lqihil aimum crucial, nihil molestiùa 
lnquictat, ecretum virus, pestis occulta, &e. epist. 126. u Ep. 88. • Tihfl infelicius his quantus ris 
timor, quanta dubRatio, quantus couatus, quanta sollc|tudo, nul]a illls t molestils vacua hora. • Semper 
attonltus, semper pavidus quid dica, fsciatve: ne displiceat ltumllitatcm simulat, honestatem mentitr. 
• Cypr. Prolog. ad ser. To. 2. cunctos honorst, unlversis incl[nat, subsequitur, obsequitur, frequentat curla% 
visltat optimates 'tmplexatur, appiaudi, w.lultr : per fs et uefas  latebri% in omnem grsdum ubl adt,m 
pater se ingeri discurrit, • Ttwboe cogit ,tmbitio regem inservire o rit Hornerus Ag,tmemnonem quereutem 
l,tdue.t, • k'lutarchlll, qun convivemur, eg in oto nos oblectcmur» quoniam In 9romgtu id noble 



186 Causes ,,je M'elanclwly. [Part. 1. Sec. 

their anxiety is anew to begin, for they are never satisfied, ni£il aliud nid 
imperiu»t spirant, their thoughts, actions, endcavours are all for sovereignty 
and honour, like b Lucs Sforsia that huffing duke of Milan, "a man ofsinmalat 
wisdom, but profotmd ambition, born to his own, and fo the destruction of 
Italy," though it be to their own ruin, and frlends undomg, they will contend, 
tbey may hot cease, but as a dog in a wheel, a bird in a cage, or a squirrel in 
a chain, so ¢Budoeus compares them ; « they climb and climb still, with ranch 
labour, but never make an end, never at the top. A knightwould be a baronet, 
and then a lord, and then a viscount, and thcn an earl, &c. ; a doctor, a dean, 
and then a bishop; from tribune fo proetor; from bailiffto major; first this 
office, and then that; as Pyrrhus in ° Plutarcb, they will first have Greece, 
then Africa, and then Asia, and swell with 2Esop's frog so long, till in the end 
they burst, or corne down with Sejanus, ad Geraonias scalas, and break their 
owa necks; or as Evangelus the piper in Lucian, that blew his pipe so long, 
till he fell down dead. If he chance to miss, and bave a canvass, he Lu in a hell 
ou the other side ; so dejected, that he is ready to bang himself, turn heretic 
Turk, or traitor in an instant. Enraged against his enemies, he rails, swears, 
tights, slanders, detracts, envies: murders : and for his own part, s/appetitura 
explere na potest, fm'ore corripitu'; ff he cannot satisfy hLU desire (as t Bodine 
writes) he ruus mad. So that both ways, hit or miss, he is distracted so long 
a his ambition lasts, he can look for no other but anxiety and care, discontent 
and grief in the meantime, r madness itself, or violent death in the end. The 
event of this is common to be seen in populous cities, or in princes' courts, for 
a courtiet:s lire (as Budoeus describes it) "is a  gallimaufry of ambition, lust, 
fraud, impostnre, dissimulation, detraction, envy, pride ; the court, a common 
conventicle of flatterers, time-servers, politicians," &c ; or as  Anthony Perez 
will, "the suburbs of hell itsclf." If vou will see such discontented persons, 
there you shall likely fmd them.  d whlch he observed of the markets of 
old Rome, 
t« Qui perJuram convenlre vlflt hornlnem, mltto in Cornitlum; 
Qui rnendaeern et gloriosurn, apud Cluasinoe sacrum; 
Dite. damnoaes marito ub ba.icA quœrito»" 
leured knaves, knights of the post, liars, crackem, bad husbands, &c. kee F 
theirseveral stations; they do still, and always did in every commonvcalth. 

soscr. XlI.--¢,«:,, Covetousness, a Cause. 
1)LVACH, ila hLU = book whether the diseazes of the body be more grievous 
than those of the soul, is of opinion, " if you will examine all the causes of out 
miseries in this lire, you shall find them most part to have b.ad their beginning 
from stubborn angcr, that îurious desire of contention, or some unjust or im- 
moderate affection, as covetousness," &c. "From whence are wars and con- 
tentions amongst you" * St. James asks: I will add usury, fraud, rapine, 
simony, oppression, lying, swearing, bearing false witness, &c. are thcy hot 
îrom thLu tbuntain of covetousness, tbat greediness in geting, tenacity in 
keepiug, sordity in spending ; that they are so wicked, "* unjust again.st G,d, 
their neighbo«r, themselves/" ail cornes hence. "The desire of money is the 
root of all evil, and theythat lust afçer it, pierce themselves through with many 
b Jovlus hist. I. !. vir singulaxi prudentia, sed profunda ambitione, ad exitium Italioe natus. ¢ Ut heders 
arbori adhæret, sic arnbitio, &c. a Lib. 3. de conternptu rerum fortuitarum, blaguo conatu et irnpetu 
moventur, super eodern centro rotati, non proficiunt, nec ad finern perveniunt. ® Vita Pyrrhi. «Arnbitio 
in insaniarn facilè delabitur, si excedat, latritius 1. 4. tir. 20 de regis instit, g Lb. 5. de rep. cap. 1. 
 1., p imis vero uppetitus, seu concupiscentia nirnia rei alicujus, bon,Le vel inhonestœ, phantasiam I t.dunt; 
un,le rnulti arnbitiesi, philauti, irati, avari, insani, 'c. Felix Plater 1.3. de rnenti alien.  Aulica vita 
colluvies arnbitirnis, cupiditatis, irnulationin, irnposturoe, fraudis, invidioe, superbioe Titannic. diverao-iurn» 
aula, et commune conventiculum assentandi, artificurn, &c. Budoeus de asse. lib. 5. a In his Aphor. 
| Plauttt Curcul. Act. 4. cen. l. m Tom. 2. bi examines, otaries mlserioe causss vel a furieso iontendindl 
atudio, vel ab inju«ta CUl»idtate , originern traxisse scies. Idem fere Chrysostornus coin. in c. 6. A ltomaxL 
ser. 11. * Cap. . 1. n Ut sit iniquus in deum, in lroxirnum, in selsum- 



lIcm. 3. Subs. 12.] Covetousness, « C«us«. 187 

sorrows," 1 Tire. vi. I0. Hippocrates therefor in hi- Epitle te Crateva, au 
herbalist, gives him this good counsel, that if if were posssible, "°amongst 
other herbs, he should cut up that weed of covetousness by the roots, that thcre 
be no remainder left, and then know this for a certainty, that together with 
their bodies, thou mayst quickly cure all the diseases of their minds." For if 
is indeed the pattern, image, epitome of all melaucholy, the fountain of many 
niseries, much discontented care and woe; this «inordinate or immoderate, 
desire of gain, te get or keep money," as PBonaventure dcfines if: or, ms 
AtLstin dvscribes if, a madness of the seul, Gregory, a torture; Chrysostem, an 
insatiable drtmkeuness; Cyprian, bliudness, speeiosu suppIiciu», a plague 
subverting kingdoms, families, an +incurable disease i Budoeus, an ill habit, 
"«yielding te no remedies:" neither, seulapius ner Plutus can cure them: a 
continual plae, saith Solomon, and vexation of spirit, another hell. I know 
there be seine of opinion, thag covetous men are happy, and worldly-wise, thag 
there is nmre pleasure lu getting of wealth thau in speuding, sud no delight in 
the world like unto it. 'Twas  Bias' problem of old, "With what art thou 
net wearyi with getting money. What is more delectable? te gain." What 
is it, trow you, that make a poor man labour all his lifetime, ear T such great 
burdens, fare se hardly, maeerate himsel and endure se mueh misetT, undergo 
such base oflàees wit.h se great patience, te fise up early, sud lie clown late, if 
there were net an extraordinary delight in getting and keeping of money? 
$Vhat makes  merchant that bath no need, satis suTerque &»ni, te range ail 
over the world, tbrough all those intemperate *Zones of heat and eold; volun- 
tarily te venture his lire, and be content with such miserable famine, nazty 
usage, in a stiuking ship; if there were net a pleasure sud hope te get money, 
which doth season the test, and mitigate his indeïatigable pains? What makes 
them go into the bowels of the earth, an hundred fathom deep, endangering 
their dearest lives, enduring damps and filthy smells, when they bave enough 
already, if they could ho content, and no such cause fo labotr, but au extmor- 
diuary delight they take in riches. This may seem plat«ible at first show, a 
popular and strong argumeut ; but lvt him that so thilks, consider better of if, 
and he shall soon percive, that if iz far otherwise than he supposeth; it may 
be haply plcasing at the first, as most part ail melancholy is. For such men 
likcly bave some lucda intervalla, pleasant symptoms intermixed ; but you 
muet uote that of Chrysostom, "'Tis oue thiug fo be rich, another to be 
covetous :" generally they are all tbols, dizzaroE, mad-men, "miserable wretches, 
living beside themselves, sie artefrue,di, in pe]getual slavery, fear, suspicion, 
sorrow, and discontent, laUS aloës çuam, mellis ]abent ; and are indeed, "rather 
l'ossessed by their money, than possessors:" as "Cyprian bath if, manci]gat£ 
pecun£i.s; bound prentice to their goods, as :Pliny  or as Chrysostom, servi 
divitiarum, slaves and drudges fo their substance ; and we may conclude of 
them ail, as Valerius doth of Ptolomoeus king of Cyprus, " He was in title  
king of that island» but in his mind, a miserable dndge of money:" 
« - § potlore metallis 
Libertate carens " 
wanting his liberty, which is better than gold. Damasippns the Stoic, in 
]/orace, proves that all mortal men dote by lits, seine one way, seine another, 

z Si vero, Crateva, Inter eoeteraa her'oarum radlces, avaritloe raxlicera ecare posses amararn, ut nulloe 
rcliquiœe essent, probë scito, &c. P Cap. 6. Di¢tœe salutis: avaritia est mnor imraoderatus pecunioe vel 
acqurendoe, vel retineudoe. f Ferum profecto dirumque uicu uitai, remediia non cedens medend« 
exasperatur, q Maltm est morbu rnttleque alllcit avaritia siquidem censeo, &e. avarilia difficiliui curatur 
quam insauia : quoniam bac OlntlS Ici . medlcl iabormat. Hip. ep. Abdcrlt.  Extremos currit merc'xtor 
Id lndos, lier. * Qua re not es lassust lucram faciendo : qmd maxirn delectbile ? lucrarL J" t/oto. 
2. aliud ttvartm aliud dives, • Di-itioe ti. spinoe tuimura homiui thnoribua» solicitunibtts angoribu 
miriflci pungunt, vexant, cruciant. Greg. in hem.. . • Epist. ad .D.onat gap. 2. :l: Lib. 9. ep. a0. 
; Lib. 9. Cap. . insul rcx tltulo» setl anime letmt mtser&bil.e mnczgttua- § lier. 10. lib. 1. 



188 Çses OE fnclwy. [Part. I. Sec. 

but that coveLous men Uaro madder than the rest; aud he that shall truly look 
into their estates, and examine their symptoms, shall fiud no better ofthem, but 
that they are all Xïools, as lgabal was, Re es fwrnir (1. Re 9. 2.5). For what 
greater folly can thêre be, or II maduess, than to macerate himself when he need 
noti and when, as Cyprian notes, "7he may be freed from his burden, and 
eased of his pains, will go on still, h wealth increasing, when he bath enough, 
to get more, to lire besides himselï," to starve his genius, keep back from his 
xvife =and children, neither letting them nor other friends use or enjoy that 
which is theirs by right, and which they much need perhaps; iike a hog, or 
dog in the manger, he doth only keep if, bccause it shall do nobody else good, 
hurting himself and othem: and for a little momentary pelf, damn his own 
soul! They are commonly sud and tetric by nature, as Ahab's spitt was, be- 
cause he could hot get lgaboth's vineyard, (3. Reç. 21.) and if he lay out his 
money af any time, though it be to necessary uses, fo his own children's good, 
he brawls and scolds, his heurt is heavy, much disquieted he is, and loath to 
part from it : Miser abstnd et rimes uti, Hor. He is of a wearish, dry, pale 
constitution, and cannot sleep for cares and worldly business; his riches, saith 
Solomon, will hot let him sleep, and unnecessary business which he heapeth on 
himself; or if he do sleep, 'tin a very unquiet, intermpt, unpleasing sleep: 
with his bags in his arms, 
 congcstls undlquc accL 
Indormlt inhiu " 
And though he be st a banquet, or st some merry feast, "he sighs for grief of 
heurt (as "Cyprian bath it) and cannot sleep though if be upon a down bed; 
his wearish body takes no rest, btronbled in his abundance, and sorrowful in 
plenty, unhappy for the present, and more unhappy in the lire fo corne." BasiL 
Ite is a perpctual drudge, Crestless in his thoughts, and never satisfied, a slave, 
a wretch, a dust-worm, semper çuod idolo sv.o imwlet, sedulus observag, Cypr. 
Trolog. ad sermon, still seeking what sacrifice he may offe.r to his golden god, 
er las et nef as, he cures hot how, his trouble is endless, «crescung divitiæ, 
tam2n curtæ nes«o çuid semper «bes 'ei: his wealth increaseth, and the more 
he bath, the more °he wants: like Pharaoh's lean kine, which devoured the 
fat, and were hot satisfied. Austin therefore defines covetousness, çuarum- 
libt -erum iz]wnvstam eS insatiabilem culiditatem , a dishonest and insatiable 
desire of gain; and in one of his epistles compares it to hell; "which 
devoum all, and yet never bath enough, a bottomless l»it, '' an endless misery; 
in çuem scopulura avaritiæ cadaverosi senes u 2lurimù» impingung, aud that 
which is thcir greatest corrosive, they are lu continual suspicion, leur, and dis- 
trust. He thinks his own wife aud children ire so many thieves, and go about 
to cozen him, his servants are all fale: 
« Rera uam perilsse eque eradlcarler, | « If hls doors creek, then out he cries anon, 
Et divilm arque hominum clamat coutinu5 ridera, I tt gooela aa-e gon% and he in tlUit uadane." 
De uo tigillo famua ai tlU exit foraa." 
Timidus Plutus, au old œeroverb, As fearful as Plutus; so doth Atstophanes 
and Lucian bring him in fearïul still, pale, anxious, suspicious, and tmsting no 
man, "They are afraid of tempests for their corn; they are afraid of their 
Danda est hell-_bori raulto pars raaxlraa avaris, ffi Luke, xii. 20. Sttlte, hue notre erlplara anlraara 
tuath. I Ope quidetn raortalibua unt demeufla. Theog. • Ed. 2. lib. 2. Exonerare cure ne posait 
et relevare ponderibus pergit raagi fortunia augeatibua pertinacRer lncubare, • Non amicia non liberi 
non ipsi ibi quidquatn impertit; possidet ad hoc tantum, ne possidere altea'i liceat &c. Hieron. ad Pauiin. 
tare dees." lUOd habet luara quod non habet, • Epiat. 2. lib. 2. Suspirat in convivio, bibat licet gemrai$ 
et toro molliore marcidum corpu condiderit vigilat in plum  Angastatur ex abundantia, coutriatatur 
ex opulentia, lnfelix preaentibus bonia, infelicior in futttria, • lllorum cogitatio uunquara cesaat qui 
pecunlaa upplere diligunt. Gulaner. tract. 15. e I'/. d Hot. 3. Od. 24. Quo plus uut potoe, plus 
itiuutur aqu. • Hot. 1.2. Sut. 6. O ai angulua file proximua accedat, qui nm]c deforraat agelinm. 
« Llb. 3. de lib. arbit. Iraraoritur tudila, et amore eneacit habendi, • Avarus vr iaf«l'no est aimilis. &c. 
.odum non habet, hoc egeutior lUO plura habet.  Eraara. Adag. chil. 3. cent. . pro. 72. Nulll fideutes 
arnnium formdant open, ideo pawdmn raainm vocat Ettripides: metuunt tempestatea oh frumeutum, araico 
nv roget i-imiça ne ldaat fores ne ragiaat b¢llum timcnt lacem timcat ummoa media imimOo 



fend let they should k methg of th bg or boow; th«y re 
afid of their enc lest they httrt them, thieves lest hey rob them; thcy 
are afraid of war and afid of peace, afraid of rich and afraid of poor; afraid 
of aiL" Lt of all, they are afraid of want, that they shall die beggars, 
whch mak them lay up stil and dette nos use that they vo : what if adear 
year me, or dcarth, or me loss and ere if net that they are loath te 
out money on a tope, they would be hanged forthwith, and sometimes die te 
vo charges, and make aoeay themselve if their cern and cattle miscarry] 
though they ve abundan left,  *Agellius note * alerius makes men- 
tion of one that in a famine Id a rueuse for 200 pence, and £mished 
himself: such are their cares, griefs and perpetual frs. These sympto 
are elegautly exprd by Theophmst  his charter of a coveto man 
«lying in bed, ho ked h wife whether she shut the tmnks and chests 
the cama be soEled, au.1 whether the hall door  bolted ; and though 
say aH  weB, he riseth out of his bed in h shirt, brefoot and barelegged, 
te  whether it be , with a dm'k lantern searching every corncr, scarce 
sleeping a wink ail nigh" Lucian in that plnt and tty dialom called 
GaHus, brings in Mycills the cobbler disputing with his cock, sometim 
thoras ; whe after much spoech pro and con te prove the happine of a 
mn t and disconnts et" a rich man, Pytgo' cock in the end, te 
fllustrate by examples ghat which he d id, brings him te Gnyphon the 
muFs bouse at mi«lght, and aer tha  Eucrat ; whom they round 
both awake, cting up the accounts, and lling of their money,  lean, dry, 
pale d ano, sti smpectg lest somebody should make a hole throngh 
the wall, d se get in ; or  a rot or rueuse did but st, srtg upon a sud- 
den. and nning te the door go see whether ail were st. Plautus, in his 
Aula, makes old Euclio  commanding Smphyla his we te shut the doom 
ft, d the tire te be pu out, lt any body shod make that an ermnd te 
oeme te  house: when he whed  nds, Che w lth te fiing away the 
foui water, compining that he w undone, beoEuse the smoke got out of 
his roof. And  he went frein home, soeing a crow ratch upon the muck-hill, 
returned in ail , mking it for lum on, an ill aigri, his money w 
$ed up; with many suc He that wfll but oboerve their actions, sha find 
ese and ny such psag no fe@ed for spot, but rlly fforme 
fied deed by such oevego and misemble etches, and that if » 
«  manifa eni 
t loepl moa egenti vere fatÇ." 
mere  te lire like a etch and die_fic 

SUBSECT. XIII.--/;ove of Gamnj, &c. and pleasures mmodera ; Causes. 

I is a wonder te see, how many poor, dlstressed, miserable wretches, one 
shall meet almost in every path and strcet, begging for an altos, that bave beeu 
well descended, and sometimes in flourishing estate, new ragged, tattered, and 
ready te be starve lngeriug out a painf lire, in discontent and grief of body 
and mind, and all through immoderat lust, gamin, pleasure and flot. 'Tis 
the common end of all senual epicures and brutish prodigals, that are stupified 
and carried away headlong with their several pleasures and lusts. Cebes in his 

! Hall Char. I Agelilus iib. 3. cp. l. lnterdum eo sceleris pervenlunt oh lum, ut tam am 
mmut. Lib. 7. . 6. m Omn peeo morbo agitant, suspi omn timid ibi.lue 
ob aurumidla uta unqm qteu P. Prooem. lib. I.  Cap. 18.  lecto Jaceus ogat 
or an arm pro ci an psul & E lecto sgeus nud et taboue cei sa lucerna 
oma obieus et lustran et vix somno dgens. ,Cis exteuua gia et secum suppuns. 
Cave que,nqu alieu lu  iuWoe. Iem exfiugul vole, ne  quldquam sit quod  quL 
qusm qtct. Si bons fa venir ne iutromi; Ocude s fores ambob p. Dirutio 
imi quia domo abed'at t mihi : Nhn hercue invit abeo, n quid agam o, q Plorat ag 
rdere» &c. perfit d fum de fi]lo et lor. * Ju¢. . I 



190 Causes of Mdncholy. [T'art. 1. Sec. 2. 

table, S. Ambrose in his second book of Abel and Caln, and amont the rest 
Lucian in his tract de 3[ercede condttctis, hath excellent well deciphere, l such 
men's procee,]ings in his picture of Opulentia, whom he feigns to dwcll on the 
top of a high mount, mach sought after by many suitors ; at their first com- 
ing they are ener«|lyentertuined by pleasure and dalliance, and have all 
content that possibly may bc given, so long as their money lasts : but wh,m 
their means il, they are contemptibly thrust out st a back door, headlon, 
an I there left to shme, reproach, despair. And he st first that had so many 
atten,lant parxites, and followers, young and lusty, richly armyed, and ail 
the dainty titre that might be ha,t, with all kiud of welcome and good respcct, 
is now upon a su,iden stript of ail, "p.,le, nake'J, ol,t, diseased and for.tken, 
crsing his stars, and ready to strangle himself; having no other company but 
rcpeutance, sorrow, grief, derision, beggary and contempt, which aie his daily 
attendants to lais life's end. As the ° prodigal son had exquisite music, mem T 
copany, dMnty rare st first ; but a sorrowhl reckoning in the end ; so have 
ail such vain delights and their followers. «Tristes voluptatmrt exitus, et çuis- 
q,ds voluptatum suarur rerainis,:i volet, intelliget, as bitter as gall and worm- 
wood is their last ; grief of mind, madness itself. The ordinary roeks upon 
which sueh men do impinge and precipitate themselves, are eards, diee, hawks 
and houn015 Ianura venandi studium, one ealls it, insance substractiones : 
their mad structures, disports, plays, &e., when they are unse¢sonably used, 
imprudently handled, and beyond their fortunes. Some men are eonsumed by 
mad fantastieal buildings, by making galleries, cloisters, terraces, walks, 
orchards, gar, lens, pools, rillets, bowers, and such like places of pleasure 
Iutiles domos, Xenol»hon calls them, which howsoever they be delightsomc 
things in themselves, and acceptable to ail beholders, an ornament and befit- 
ring some great men ; yet unprofitable to others, and the sole overthrowof their 
estates. orestus in his observations bath an example oÏsuch a one thatbecame 
melancholy upon the like occasion, having consumed his substance in an unpro- 
fitable bui|ding, which would afterward yield him no advantage. Others, I say, 
are • oveloEhrown by tho mad sports ot hawking and hunting ; honest recrea- 
tions, and fit for some great men, but hot for every base intrior person; whilst 
they will maintain their falconers, dogs, and hunting nags, their wealth, saith 
• Salmutze, "ruas away with hounds, and their fortunes fly away with 
htwks." They persecute beasts so long, till in the end thcy themselves 
degenerate into beasts, as " Agrippa taxeth them, "Actoeon-like, for as he was 
catch to death by his own dogs, so do they devour themselves and their pa- 
trimonies, in such idle and unnecessary disports, neg|ecting in the mean rime 
their more necessary business, and to follow their vocations. Over-mad too 
sometimes are out great mcn in delighting, and doting too much on it. "b,Vhen 
they drive poor husbandmen from thcir tillage," as eSarisburiensis objccts, 
_Polycrat. l. 1. c. 4. "fling down country farms, and whole towna, to mako 
parks, and forests, starving men to feed beasts, and  punishing in the meau 
rime such a man that shall molest their gaine, more severely than bim that is 
otherwise a common hacker, or a notorious thief." But great men are somo 
vays to be excused, the meaner sox¢ bave no evasion why they hould hot be 

• Ventricous, nudu,pa]lidus, læva pudoren occult.'l% dcxtra seipsum sDaugulang occt autem 
exeunti poenltena h misem conficiens, &c. • Luke xv. t Boethi.  In conom. Qd 
$ mnc ostendam eos qui mna  genfi dorons lnutil iflcau in,luit Socrat. ffi Sabensi$ 
l',,lycrat. 1. 1. c. 14. venator omn auc atitutioncm rcdolent cenuror. Raro lnvenlt qu tuam 
eorum modt et avis, ro contineng et ut credo sobri quam. r PanciroL Tir. . avolt opoe 
(um a "cipitre. • Isiis veuatomm stiti et supervacauea cura eor qui d nium venationi 
Insistant, ipsi abje omni hanitate in fer degenerau ut Acon, &c. • Sab.  Osd. Meor. 
b Aippa de vanit. ient. lnsanum vaudi studiu n, dura à novalibus cen oe subunt p 
ticis, agcolonis proecluntur sylvoe e pr, ptorib ut augntnr paua feMtis rea 
agrioelg si gtat, • A novalibu suis arcentur agricole, dura fea habnt vagandi libertatem : i»ti u 
pcua augct »r, proedia subtraha¢ «ç ,¢c. 5arisha, ic,sl, d Fer qumn hominib oeqo. 
àe G. Ca'. u $5 E¢c1¢$i matriccs dcpopulat OEt  forestam novam. at. 



ll%m. 3. Subs. 13.] Z, ove of Gamine, &e. 191 
cotmted mad. Pogus the Florentine tells a merry story te this purpose, con- 
demning thefollyand impertinentbusineofsuch ki»dofpersons. -& physieian 
of Iilan, saith he, that eured mad men, had a pig of water in his house, in 
wh|ch he kept his patients, seine up te their knees, some te the girdle, seine te 
the eh|n, pro »wdo in.saniw, as they were more or less affeeted. One of them 
by chance, that was well reeovered, stood in the d.or, and seeiug a gallant ride 
by with a hawk on his fist, well mounted, with his spaniels after him, wou]d 
needs ktmw te what use ail this preparation ser,'ed; he nmde answer t« kill 
certain fowls; the patient demanded again, what lais fowl might be worth which 
he killed in ayear; he replied 5 or 10 erowns; and when he urged him farther 
what his dogs, herse, and hawks stood him in, he tohl him 400 crowns with 
that the patient bade be gone, as he loved his lire and welfare, for |four toaster 
eome and find thee here, he will put thee in the pit amongst mad men up te tho 
chin : taxing the mlness and folly of sueh vain men that spend themselves i** 
those idle sports, neglecting their business anti neees..ary aflairs. Leo dee/mus, 
that hunting pope, is mueh diseommended by ° Jovius in his lire, for hiz immo- 
derate des|re of hawking and hunting, in se much that (as he saith) ho wotd,l 
somcçimes live about Ostia weeks and months together, leave su|tors «unre- 
spected, bulls and pardons unsigned, te his own prejudiee, and many private 
men's loss. "«And if he had been by chance erossed in his sport, or his gaine 
net se good, he waz se inwatient, that he would revile and miseall many times 
men of great worth with most bitter taunts, look se sour, be se angry and 
waspish, se grieved and molested, that it is incredible te relate it." But if ho 
had good sport, and been wdl pleased, on the other side, icredbili munificentiâ, 
with unspeakablebounty and munificence he would reward ail his fellow hunters, 
and deny nothing to any suitor when he was in that mood. To say truth, 'ris 
the commun humour of ll gamesters, as Galatoeus observes, if they win, no mex 
living are so jovial and merry, but n if they lose, though it be but a trifle, two 
or three games ai tables, or a dealing ai cards for twopence a game, they are 
so choleric and testy that no man may speak with them, and break many rimes 
into violent passions, oaths, imprecations, and unbeseeming speeches, littlo 
differing from mad men for the rime. Generally of all gamesters and gaming, 
if it be excessive, thus much we may conclude, tlmt whether they win or los 
for the present, their winnings are hot 2[unera fortunve, sed inoediôe, as thag 
wise Seneca determines, hot fortune's gifts, but baits, the common catastrophe 
is beggary,  US pes$is vgam, sic adimi alea peeuniam, as the plague take 
away ILfe doth gaming goods, tbr lomnes nudi, inopes et e2e»d; 
' m Alea Seylla çorax, spee|es eertSss|ma fartl, 
Non eontenta bonis an|mure q«oque perlida mergit n 
Foeda furax, int'amL% inere furiosa ruin." 
For a little pleasnre they take, and some small gains and gettlngs now and then, 
their wives and children are wringed in the mean rime, and they themselves with 
loss of body and soul rue it in the end. I will say nothing of thos prodigious 
p.rodigals, perdendoe pecu/nice gentos, as he taxed Anthony, Qui patrimoniun, 
,ne ullâfor£ calumniâ amittunt, saith °Cyprian, and mad Bybaritical spend- 
thrifts, Que unâ eomedgnt patri»mnia cœeenî; that est up all ai a breakfazt, 
ai a supper, or amongst bawds parasites and playera consume thetaselves iax 

sTore. 2. de vitis iilustrinrn, !. 4. de vit. Leon. 10. tVenationlbu adeo perdit tudebat et aucupiis. 
• Aut infeliciter venatus tare impatien• intlc, n •ummo$ oepe viro• cerbi$$itni coutmnelii oneraret, et 
|ncredibile et quai| vultl$ animique habitu dolorem iracundiamquc psoeferret, &c.  Unicuiqne autem 
hoc a natura in•|tutu et, ut dolca •icubi erraverit ut deceptu $i. Ju¢en. Sat. 8. lec enim lvculis 
comitantibtm itur ad casnm tbul posit •ed luditur arcs. Lemniu« |nstit. ca. 44. mendaclorum quidem, et 
pesjuriorum et paupertatis mater et ale$, nttllam haben• patrimonii reverentiam, qnnm illud eflnderit, 
• ira in furta ddabitur et rapina Srt. polycrat. 1. l. c 5. a Darnhoderus.  Dan. Souter. - Petrar. 
dial. 2"/.  Sallust. o Tom. 3. Ser. de Alea.  Plut-us in Aristopla. call al| •nch gameste.-s madmen. 
i iau hominem ¢otigero. Sp«utanettm ad e trahut furorem, et os» et uare.% e oculo• rivoe faeiunt 
furoris et dverorla Chry•. hom. 



192 Causes OEMncly. [Part. 1. Sec. 2. 

an inztant, as if they had flung it into «Tiber, with great wagers, vain and 
idle expenses, &c., not themselves only, but even all their friends, as a man 
de.perately swimming drowns him that cornes to help him, by suretiship and 
borrowing they will willingly undo all their associates and allies. "]rati pe, cu- 
i/s, as he saith, angry with their money: "°what with a wanton eye, a liquorish 
tongme, and a gamesome hand, when they have indiscreetly impoverlshed 
themsclves, mortgaged their wits together with thelr lands, and entombed their 
ancestors' fair possessions in their bowels, they may lead the rest of their days 
in prison, as many times they do; they repent at leisure; and when ail is gone 
begin to be thrifty: but ,Ser« est iTfundo]rsirrwnia, 'tis then too ]ate to look 
about; their «ead i misery, sorrow, shame, and discontent. And well they 
deserve tobe inFamous and discontent. C«taraidiari7 AraFhitheatro , as by 
Adrian the emperor's edict they were ofold, decoctores bonorum suorum, so he 
cal]s them, prodial fools, to be publicly shamed, and hissed out of ail societies0 
rather than to be ptied or relievecL ffi The Tuscns and Boëtians brought their 
bankrupts into the marlret place in a bief with an empty purse carried before 
them, ail the boys following, where they sat alj day crcura, stante p[ebe, to be 
inamous and ridicu]ous. At Padua in Italy they bave a stone called the 
stone of turpitude, near the senate house, where spendthrifts, and such as 
disclaim non-payment of debts, do sit with their hinder parts bare, that by 
that note of disrace, others may be terrified from ail such vain expense, or 
borrowing more than they can tell how to pay. The ivilians of old set 
guardians over such brain-sick prodigals, as they did over madmen, to mode- 
rate their expenses, that they should not so loosely consume their fortunes, to 
the utter undoing of their families. 
I may not here omit those two main plagaes, and common dotages of human 
kiud, wine and women, which have infatuated and besottcd my»iad ofpeople: 
they go commonly together. 
«- Qui vino lndu]get, quemque alea dec0tult, llle 
In venerem putret------" 
To whom is sorrow, saith Solomon, Pro. xxiii. 29. to whom is woe, but zo such 
a one as loves drink ? it causeth torture (vino orus et irâ), and bitterness of 
mind, Sirac. 31. 21. Vinumfuroris, Jeremy calls it, 15. cap. wine ofmadness, 
as weil he may, for insanirefacit sanos, it makes sonnd men sick and aad, and 
wise men mad, to say and do they know hot what. Accidi hodie terH2£lis 
casus (saith ¢ S. Austin), hear a miserable accident; Cyrillus' son this day in his 
drink, l[atre»rt prtegnantem nequitèr opFressit, sorore»rt violare voluit, patrem 
vccidit f«è, et duas alias sorores ad mortort vulrteravit, would have violated his 
sister, killed his father, &c. A true saying if was of him, Vino dari lxetitiaTrt 
et do/ore»rt, drink causeth mirth, and drink causeth sotwow, drink causeth "po- 
verty and want," (Prov. xxi.) shame and disgrace. Jlulti ignobiles evasere oh 
vini potura, et (&ustin) amissis ho»wi'ibus prof ugi aberrârunt : many men bave 
ruade shipwreck of their fortmes, and go like rogues and beggars, having 
turned ail thcir substance into aurum pot, that otherwise might have lived 
in good worship and happy estate, and for a few hours' pleasure, for their 
Hflary term's but short, or free madness, as Seneca calls it, purchase tmto 
themselves eternal tediousness and trouble. 
That other madness is on women, Apostatarefaclt cor, saith the wise man, 
• Atque homini cerebrum minuit, lleazant ai first she i like Dioseorides 

«Pascalus Sustus, I. I. de sles. rSenecs. "Hall. tln S. II. Sed defldte ens : et 
cente I q  manet exirebus  venem is. s Spartian. Adano. • Alex. ab Alex. 
lib. 6. e. 10. Idem Gerli lib. 5. G. dc.  Fin bIos. * Jn.  Dltl • Pu 
Sat. 5. aOrte dd  wln snothoe the dle consum a third ls dmposed by veueD-." b Poculum 
qul sus In quo pe na i Jactes tutu pecun t met. Erm. In ov. icum 
rem,g chii. 4. cent. 7. Pro. 41. Ser. .  at.  Eremo. a Liberoe i horæ s 
oeteo tem o penser. "enauder. 



Jifem. 3. Subs. 14.] .PMlaut, or ,dflow, &. 193 
Rhodorhphne, that fair plut  tho eye, but poison to tho tasto, tho rest « 
biffer  wormwood in tho end (Prov. v. 4.) and sha as  gwo-edged sword. 
(vil 27.) "Her houso h tho way to hell, and goes do to the chambe of 
death." What moro owful tan be id$ they are miserble in this lifo, 
md, bts, led le "toxen to the slaughter :" and that which is wome, whore- 
m and drunrds shall be judged, amittn .qrat»n, saith Austin, per- 
du glam, inn$ damnation oenam. They lose ace and glory; 
« Sbrevl llla volupté,, 
Abrogat oeteum eoEli dee  
they g hell and eM dmuation. 

Stmsz. XIV.--Philautla, or Sdf-love, V«in-9org, PrMse, ITonour, Imm 
a ATpMuse, Pri, eruch o, &c., 
8v-o, pfide, and vain-glory,  cus amor sui, whieh Chrystom ealls 
one of the dvil's the at nets; " Berua, an arw whieh piereeth ho 
soul through, and slays it n sly, iensible enemy, hot eived," re maiu 
causes. Where neither anger, lust, covetousne, fear, som'ow, &c., ner any 
other peurbation can lay hold; this will slily and inoensibly pervc us, 
Q  gu it, Phut sup«avit, (saith Cyprian)whom suffeitiug 
could net ove,ae, oeil-love bath overcome. " He bath scorned all money, 
bribes, gifts, upright otherse and since% hgth inrted hlmoelf te no fon«i 
imagination, and sustained MI those tymnnical conpiscences of tho body, 
hth lest gll his honour, captiv«tted by van-lory. Chrysostom. sup. 
so animum te pe, gia. A goeat asmult and cnso of out 
poesent malady, although we de most pgrt neglect, take no notice of it, yet 
this  a violent batterer of out seuls, OEuth melaucholy and dotge. This 
pleing humour; this sort and whisring popular air, Abg insania; 
th delectble frenzy, most irrefmggbie pion, Ments grasm e, this 
eptable dase, wch se sweetly sers upon us, radsheth out nses, lulls 
out souh mlep, puffs up out heure m se many bddem, aud that without 
ll feeling, much " tho that m misaffected with it, never se much 
 once peive it, or think of auy cure2' We commonly love him best iu 
t "malady, tht doth us most barre, and re very wig te be hurt; 
snoEus ost libnterfavemus (gxith  OEerome) we love him, we love 
him for if: O on, ave guav« fuR à te li c tbui; 'Tws swt te 
hr it. Aud as  Pgny doth iugeuuously oenfess te his dear fi'iend Augu- 
rhin, "all thy writin e most acceptable, but those escially that spcak 
of us." Agah, a little gfr te am, "ci canner expre how pleing 
if is te me te hear myoeH commended." Though we smile te ourlves, ai 
let ironically, whon parit bedaub us with false eucomiums,  mauy 
priuc canner choo but de, Quum &  nlhil intra se reperent, when 
they know they corne  far short, m a rueuse te an elephaut, of any such 
virtues; yet if doth us goed. Though wo seem many times te be augry, 
"*and blush af out o prais, yet out s inwr, ily mjoice, it pu«  up ;" 
'tisf , blague doem, « makes us swell yond out bouuds, and 
forger oelv." Her two daughtem are lightne of mind, immoderte 
and pfide, net oxcludiug those other conc6mitant ces, which  Iodoeus 
Lorichius reckons up; bmgging, hypoerisy, çevhne, and curiosity. 
Prov. 5. s Merlin. e. "t momen plere blo out the eai glo of a heavenly fo.'" 
t Hor.  Sitta qu sniœem peneWa lev,tcr penctra sed non leve inflt 
ofi« concupisoenti stinuerin hi mult capti • varia gloria omnia perd,de.rit. ; H crrepti 
on gitaut de meel, m Dii tem • tels aveite pestera, u Ep.  Emtochium,  custod, virgin. 
e Ls. Ep.  aavim. p Èp. lib. 9. Omnla tua scripta pchima existimo, maxim tamen 
de nob. q Exçmerc no psum qm sit jucundm, e. * Hieron. et licet n indignoa dicim 
0 



Now the common cause of this mischief, ariseth from ourselves or others, 
"we are active and passive. ]t proceeds inwardly from oursIves, as we are active 
causes, from an overweening conceit we bave of ottr good parts, own worth, 
(which indeed is o worth) out bounty, favour, grace, valoar, strength, wealtb, 
patience, meekness, hospitality, beauty, temperauce, gentry, kuowledge, wit, 
science, arç, learning: our • excellent gifts and ïortunes, for which, Narcissus- 
like, we admire, flatter, and applaud ourselves, and think ail the world esteems 
o of us; and as deformed women easily believe those that tell them they be 
fai; we are too credulous ofour own good parts and praises, too well persuaded 
of omclves. "We brag and venditate out « owu works, and scorn all others in 
respect of us; Inflati acientld (saith Panl), out wisdom, "out learning, all our 
geese are swans, and we as bely esteem and vilify other men's, as we do 
over-highly prize and value ottr own. We will hot surfer them fo be in «ecund/a, 
no, hot in tertiis; what, Mecura cooEertur Ulysses ? they are Mres, Muscce, 
culizes prce se, nits and flics compared to his inexorable and supercflious, emi- 
rient and arrogant worship: though indeed they be far bcfore him. Only wise, 
only rich, only ibrtunate, va]orous, and fair. poEçd up with this tympm«y of 
self-conceit; as tbat proud Pbarisee, they are hot (as tbey sul)pose ) "like 
othcr men," of a purer and more precious metal:  Soli rei gerendi sunt 
ces, which that wise Periander held of such: rclitantur omw qui prius 
gotium, &c. Nov quvndam (satb Erasmus) I knew one so'arrogant that he 
thought himself iaferior to no man living, like "Calilsthenes the philosopher, 
that neither held Alexander's acts, or any other subject worthy of his pen 
such was his insolency; or Seleucus king of Syria, who thought none fit to 
conteud with him but the Romans. "Eos sol»s di#nos ratua quibuacum d 
imperio certaet. That which Tully writ to Atticus long since, is still in force, 
,, b There was never yet truc poet nor orator, that thought any other better 
than himself." And such for the most part are your princes, potentates, great 
l,hilosophers, historiographers, authors of sects or heresies, and ail our great 
scholax-a, as  Hierom dcfines; "a natural philosopher is a glorious creature, 
and a very slave of rumour, faine, and popular opiuion," and though they write 
de contemlotu g/or,yet as he observes, they will put their names to their bool 
i'obis et famce  semper dedi, saith Trebellius Pollio, I bave wholly conse- 
crated myself to you and faine." "'Tis ail my desire, night and day, 'ris all 
my study to raSse my naine."Proud dpilny seconds him; Quanquam Ol &c. 
and tiret vain-glorious °orator, la hot ashamed to confess in an Epistle of his 
to ]Iarcus Icceius Ardeo incredf].dli cup.ita, &c. I buru with an incre- 
dible desire to bave my tname registercd in thy book." Out of this fountain 
procecd all those cracks and brags,-s sjoeramus carmitafil Posse linend 
cedro, et leni servanda cujoresso--.-  Non usitatâ nec tenui ferar pennâ 
ec in terra morabn" lo»gius. 2ïl Tarvum sut Aumli modo, ni mortale 
uor. Dcar qua volens obstrepi$ Auaidas.--1xegi wtunwntun 
perennius. Jamque ojous exegi, qod nec Jovs ira, nec gns, &c., cure 
OE, e dies, &c., parte tamen meliore me super aha Ioerenns astra ferar, 
erit incle&bile nostrum. (Th of Ovid I bave paraphrased in English.) 
«And when I ara dead and gone And I shall be allve 
lly corpse laid under a stone In these my works for ever, 
Iy faine shall yet survive Iy glo T sho21 pcrever»" 
• Nec enlm mihi cornea fibra est. Per. * E manibus illla, Nacentur violoe. Pers. !. Sat. ¢ Ornnia 
enim nostra supra modum placent, u Fab. i. 10. c. 3. Ridentur, mala componunt carmins, verum gaudent 
scribentes, et se venerantur, et ultra. Si taceas lau4ant, quicquid scripsere beatL Hor. ep. 2. 1.2. • Luke 
xviii. 10. "" De meliore iuto finxit proecordia Titan. • Au.son. Sap. : Chil. 3. cent. 10. pro. 9¥. 
Qui se crederet neminem ulla in re proestantiorem, • Tanto rasta scripsit, ut Alexandri gesta inferiora 
scriptis suis existimaret, Io. Vosaiu lib. 1. cap. 9. de hist. a Flurarch. vit. Catoni$. blNemo unquam 
Poëta aut Orator, qui quenquam se meliorem arbitraretur.  Consol. ad Pammachium. Mundi philo- 
' Ut nomen memn scrip[is tuis iiiutretur. Inquie animus s[udio oeternitatia, nocte et die angebatur. 
leusius forat, tmeb. de ScaL • lier. art. Pë. u Od. Vit. 1. . Jamue opus exegi. Vie liboe 



Mcm. 3. Subs. li.] traln-r,j, Pride, J'og, Prae. 

195 

And that of Ennius, 
' Nemo me laclrymls deeoret, eqe funera fl 
Faxtt, c t vo doc r ora " 
« Let none shed  over me, or adorn my hier with soowbecause I 
eteally in the mouths of men." With many such proud straius, and 
flsh too common with wri. ot so much  Democharis on the * Topics, 
but he wfil  immortsl. Tyoti 
desees, becauoe he writ of fme; and evei T tri[ poet must be reuowne«], 
"Pçei cresc«e ji." " He seeks the appluoe ofthe publie." 
This puffing humour it , tht bath prodoed so many grt tomes, built such 
famous monuments, strong ctles, and Mausoleau tomb to bave their acts 
eed, "Dii monsr«, e di, A i" "to be poind t wiçh tho 
finger, and to bave it sid, ' the he goes,' " to sec the names insibed, as 
Phi-yne on the wa]ls of Thebes, Phryneflt; this cauth so many blooIy 
battles, «e noct coi vire sas;" "and iuduces us to wtch during cahu 
nights." ng joueys, "][nu 
contemplate a monstrous journey, but the love of glory strenthens me for if," 
gaining honour, a iittle apl,lause , pride, self-love, vain-glo. This is it whi«h 
makes them ke such ps, nd reak out into those diculous Stt, this 
high conceit of themselves, to t scorn ail othe; 
conmptu ;   aloemou the gmmarian conmned Varro, secum et natas eg 
mu¢«s lr j«c«, and brings them to tt height ofiulency, that they 
oennot endure tobe coutraeted,  or "hear of any thg but thir o com- 
mendation," which erom notes of such kind of men. And as  Austin well 
seconds him, "'ris their le study day and night tobe commended and al»- 
plaudeoE" Vhen  in,leed, 
they are  mad, emœty vessel funges, beside themselves, derided, 
in vb quœers cn, etiam qs a aur a»zit, their works 
 toys,  an almn out of dte, » aut n ç«çru[ie , thcy 
seek fme and immolity, but reap dishonour and infamy, they are  com- 
nlon oloquy, iati, and corne far short of tht which they suppose or 
expect. « 0    vi 
«  How mch I drd 
y da e sho, eome lord 
Ofso mauymiads of poe, rhetoricia, philosophers, sophisters,   Euseiua 
e observes, wch hve writn in former age% scrce one of  thousand's 
wor remains, ni e l mu m cus infant, their books 
aud bodi are perished together. It h hot they valy thik, they ssurly 
e admired and immoral,  one told Philip of Maoedon insultigly, 
victolT, that his shadow was no longer tha befe, we my y to them» 
 N demimur, d non m dide lg% [  We mael t, hot  the çar w 
S vut y Gorgon et F." But  we Gorgo 5i or Fm sec." 
Or  we do applaud, honour and admire, 
spect of the who]e world, never so much  hea our names, how few take 
notice of us, how slender a tract, 
And yet eve man must nd will 
thme to o antipode, when 
city, nelther knows nor hea of him: but say they did, what's a city to 
kJngdom, a kingdom to Europe, Europe to the world, the world ielf that 
must ve an end, ff compred to the lt visible star in the firmament, 
eighteen times bigger thon it I and then if those sta be infinite, and evcry 
•  b. 8. I De ponte dejlce, k Sueton. lib. deam.  lhil libenter suun nisi ]aude 
su Epis. . ihJl sliud  noctue cogRant nisi rit in sdiis su laudentur bhomibus. 
 Quoe mor dementia sut di, aut excoota pot qtm sic obglom ciari  lnsiam tam, dmnin% 
longWf a e. Atiu. cons. lib. I0. cap. 3.  '" As Camel i the uovcl whu lost his ea whfle It 
w tuking for a pa of hor." r 51't 



196 Caes of MelancIwly. [Part. I. Seo. 2. 

star there be a mm, as some will, and as this 2tre of ours hath his planers about 
him, all inhabited, what proportion bear we fo them, and where's out glory 
Orbem terrarum victf Rornanus habeba, as ho cracked in Petronius, all tho 
world was under A ugustu2 : and 2o in Constantine'2 rime, Eusebius brags ho 
governed all the world, unlversum mundun lroeclar$ admodum admlnistravit, 
et omns orbis gentes Imperatori subjecti: so of Alexander if i2given out, 
the four monarchies, &c., when as neither Greeks nor lomans over had 
fifteenth part of the nowknown world,nor hall of that which was thon described. 
What braggadocioe2 are they and we thon  quàn, brevis hic de nobis sermo, as 
' ho said, pudebit aucti nominis, how short a rime, how littIe a while doth this 
fume of ours continue F.very private province, every 2mall teritory and city, 
when we have all doue, will yield as generous 2pirits, as brave examples in ail 
rcspccts, as famous as ourselves, Cadwallador in Vales, l'{ollo in ormandy, 
obiu Hood and Little John, are as much renowned in Sherwood, as Coe2ar in 
ome, Alexander in Greece, or his Hephestion, Omnis ceins omnlsquepopulus 
i, exemTlum et admiratioEnem ve, every town, city, book, is full of brave 
oldierz, senators, scho]ars; and though "Bracydas was a worthy captain, a 
good man, and as they thought, hot fo be matched in Lacedoemon, yet as his 
mother tru]y said, plures habet Sparta Bracycla melires, Sparta had many 
botter men than over ho was; and howsoever thou admirest thysclf, thy friend, 
many an ob2cure fellow the world noyer took not.ice of, had ho bcen in placo 
or action, would bave doue much botter than ho or he, or thou thyself. 
Another kind of rond mon there i2 opposite to these, that are insenaibl mad, 
and knownot of it,2uch as contemnall praise and glory, think themselves most 
free, when as indeed they are most mad: ca&anS sed aIiofazlu: a company of 
eynics, such as are monks, hermits, anachorites, that contemn the world, con- 
temn themselves, contemn all titles, honours, offices: and yet in that contempt 
are more proud than any man living whatsoever. They are proud in humility, 
proud lu that they are hot proud, SCel»e ho»w de vanc glzri coem2tu , vaniùs 
glyriatur, o.s Austin hath it, confess, lib. 10. cap. 38, like Diogenea, 
gloriantur, they brag inwardly, and feed themselves fat with a selï-conceit of 
sar, cfity, which is no better than hypocrisy. They go in 2heep's russeS, may 
great mon that might maintain themselve2 in cloth of gold, and seem fo be 
dejected, humble by their outward carriage, when as inwardly they are swola 
full of pride, arrogancy, and self-conceit. And therefore Seneca adviseth 
fi'iend Lmilius, "* in his attire and gestre, outward actions, especially to 
avoid all such things as are more notable lu themselves: as a rugged attire» 
hirsute head, horrid beard, contempt of money» course lodging, and what- 
soever leads fo fume that opposite way." 
Ail thi2 madness yet proceeds from ourselves, the main englue which buttera 
us i2 from others, we are merely passivo in this business: from a company of 
parasites and flatterers, that with immoderate praise, and bombas¢ epithets, 
glozing titles, false eulogiums» so bedaub and applaud, gild over many a silly 
and undeserving man. that they clap him quite out of his wits. Res 
violent.a est, as Hicrom not., this common applause is a mo2t violent thing, 
laudum placenta, a drum» fife, and trumpet canaot 2o animate; that lattons 
men, erects and deject them in an instant. /a/»a neata wcrum, 
reducit olbnum. It makes them fat and lean, as frost doth coules. "• Ad 
who is that mortal man that can 2o contain himself, that if ho be immoderately 
¢ommended and applauded will hot be moved" Let him be what ho will, 

• Tul. Soin. Sclp. a 8oetlms.  Putean. Clsaip. hist. lib. 1. ffi Plutarch. Lycurg. 
* Epist. 13. lllud te admoneo, ne eorum more facia.% qui non proflcere, sed cousplci cupiunt, qu tu habit - 
tuo, aut genere vitoe notabilia surir, asperum culture et vitiv_um caput, negligentiorem barb&m» indictmn 
al'gento odittm, cubile humi positum, et quicquid ad laudem peTersa via sequiur, evita, • Per. 
• t/uis vero tare bene modulo iuo mctiri enovit ut eum aiduoe et Jrn]Od,C.e laudatio»r.. non mov¢.&ut  
lien. Stelh. 



]fiera. 8. Sul 14.] 

those paraies will overtura him: if he be a king, he is one of the nine 
worthies, more than a man, a god fo.hwith,ediu Domini D 
ws: and they will sacfioe unto him, 
 '«  dlvlnos si  patlas honor 
UIu6 lpsl blm meritq rab 
If he be a so]dier, then Themtocles, Epaminondas, ector, Achilles, d 
fulmlna belli, um terrarum, &c., und the valour of both Scipios  too 
little for hîm, he is inissimus, serendmus, multb rop ortsimus, 
¢urw dominus, although h   garous, indoed a very coward,  milk- 
sop, nd  he said of Xe, posrem lu pun, primus infug& nd such 
a one  never durst look his enemy in the fice. If he be a big man, then is 
he a Samson, another Hercules; ff he pronounce a spch, another Tully or 
Demosthenes: as of Herod  the Ac, "the voice of God and not of man ;" 
if he OEn make a verse, Homer, Vir &c. d then my siIly weak tient 
takes ail these eulogiums to himlf; if he be a schor so commended for his 
much rding, excellent yle, method, &c., he will eviscerate himmff 5ke 
spider, udy to death, Lat osteit avb Junonia pennas, peacock-like he 
vill dLplay MI his feathem. If he be a soldier, and so applaxded, his valour 
exlled, though it be impar congrs,  that of Troil, and Achilles. 
, he will combat with a giant, n first upon a breh,  another "Philip- 
pus, he wili ride into the thickt of his enemies. Commend his houoekeeping, 
and he will beggar himself; commcnd  temperance, he wfil starve himself. 
-- et laudataque 
Cz'ci et immeasum gIori cal¢ar habet:'  
he la m, md, mad, no woe with him ;impie coor eri, he will 
over the Alps o be talked oÇ or fo mainin s credit. Commend an ambi- 
tio mun, some proud prince or pontat%  l æqo ur (saith 
Erasmus} crtas erigit, exui hambem, Deum se pu, he sets up s crcst, 
d will be no loagcr a man but a 
" nIhil est quod eredere de e 
on audet quum laut  oequa pott."  
]ike Hereule in  ]ion's kin oiin  god (*Domin 
to te cify of bylo omodus fhe emror ws so gu]led y s ar- 
e erowned wih ivy, ert-ie in  criot, nd dore fr cchus. 
kig of Tree, w rrie o "inerv, d sen fe severl messeuers 
one fer nofer, fo 8ee iï e were corne fo i e-elmmer. Suç  one 
ws uçir-eneert, Iximnus ov]ms, ioc[esinus Herçu[eus, Spor 
he erin king, broter oï he un nd moon, nd out modern 
• vill be gods on h, kings oï kin, God's sdow, eomde of al] 
y be eommnd, out kin of Çi nd Trry in fis preenf 
oend  çaIIenge o oun Afo ; nd mm re mny sish princes, bruh 
itt»  fol'8 prdi by feir pris, 'ti  eommon umour, hmide o 
men, when ey re in ge l,le, or corne fo fhe soIsieo er honou, hve 
• Ma. Stroga. *' I[ you will cept divine honou we will w;,lingly ereet and eoeera 
yo." Jutin. • Livi. Gloria tantum eatt non ir in mediç host h'fere, qued eomple:is 
glo, lnclud withm it an immenseimpue." el demen e soev croe per Alpe. u.le Aliqui 
&c. ut pueri piae et declatio fi. Juv. Sat. 10. • in Mori Encore. 
" There OE uothing w hiçh oçer-ud power wt[l ne prume  imagine er itlfY 
in Domitiano.  Brionu  ntoni ab sentatoHb evect Lib e aem appeaH 
et pro deo e venditavit l'edi,ni hedera, et eorona velatu aure e thyum tenen% cet uisque 8uceictu 
eurru velut Liber patcr recrus t Alexaudrioe. Pater. vç[. post. * Miuvoe nupti 
«cit ut t«lfit» ittcrt ad vidd n dea  talam vect s  . 



1 '9 ç«e of.lIelaneho!y. [Pa. 1. 800. 

produnt, &e., (sath *Plteruz) your very tradesmen if they be excellent, 
crack and bmg, and sho their folly in exoess. They have good parts, and 
they know if, you need hot te them of if ; out of a conceit of their woh, tbey 
go sming fo themselv a etl meditation of their tropes and pudits, 
they  a t qui mad, and lose the s.  Petrch, l. 1.  conmpt 
,ui, confsed as much of himse and Catin, h  fih book of wdo 
gives an hstance h a smith of Mien, a feDow-citoEen of h»  one le de 
ube, that behg commended for refining of an insten of Archimed, 
for joy tan mad. PlutoEeh in the lire of Araxe, bath sueh a le sry of 
oue Champ, a soldier, that wounded king Cyrus  battle, and "ew the 
upon  tarront, t in a sho spaoe aer he los  wits." So many 
men, if aay new honour, ooEoe, prefeent, booty, treure, posson, or 
patrimony,  ip«ato fall unto them, for immodem joy, and eontinuM 
metation of it, OEnnot eep *or teH what they say or do, they  so mvhed 
on a sudden ; and th va conceits transpoed, there is no re with theoE 
Epanonda% therefore, the next day after his uctrn victory, "*came 
abd all squalid and submiss," and gave no other ron to his fi'ien of 
doing, than tt he roeived himlf the day before, by on of h good 
f»une, to be too insolent, overmuch joye& That we and virtuo lady, 
Quoen Kathene, Dowager of England,  pvate t upon like osio 
said, "that *he would not wiingly endure the extoemity of either fortune 
but  it were so, that of necity she mt undergo the one, she wodd be 
adversity, buse comfi w never wtg in it, but sti counsel and 
government were doEective  the other ;" they cod not modera theelv 

SVBSECT. XV.--Love of £e«rnlng, or overmuc£study. IVitoe a DigresMon of 
tke misery of Sclwlars, omol why tire Muses are Melanclwly. 
LEox,arvs FVcrsrL, s, Iustit. lib. iii. se.ct. 1. cap. 1, Foelix Plater, l/b. iii. 
de »veoeis alienat., Hcre. de Saxonia, Traot. post. de melancK cap. 3, speak of 
a °peeuliar fury, whieh cornes by overmueh study. Fer**elius, lib. 1, cap. 18, 
Vl»uts study, eontemplat, ion, and eontinual meditation, as an espeeial cause of 
l,,adness: and in his 86 consul, cites the saine words. Jo. Areulanus, in 
9, lfhasis aoE A laasorera, cap. 16, amongst other causes reekons up s$udium 
velenmns: so doth Levinus Lcmuus,//b. de ocvul, nat. zairav, lib. 1, CalO. 16. 
"«Mauy men (sith he) eome to this malady by eontinnal study, and night,- 
xvking, and of ail othcr men, seholrs are most subject to it:" and such 
h:tsis ad, ls, " that bave eommonly the fines vit" Con. l/b. 1, tract. 9. 
]larsilius Ficinus, de san/t, tuendd, l/b. 1, cap. 7, purs mek-tneholy amongst one 
of those rive principal plagres of students, 'tis a eommon Maul unto them ail, 
and almost in some meaure an inseparable eompanion. Varro belike for that 
cause OEils Tr/stes Pitilosoplws et severos, severe, sad, dry, tetrie, are eommon 
epithets to seholars: and 'latritius therefore, in the in.stitution of princes, 
wotdd hot bave them to be great students. For (as ]Iaehiavel holds) study 
weakens their bodies, dullz the spirits, abates their srength and com-age; and 

* De mentis slienat, cap. . • .çlniturqte superbis formarn. Livias ii. 11. aeum 
Inenia lxm4e hac et evsncŒee multosque sens penit sme. Homin intuen,  si ipsi non 
se ,t homme. Ge de Rubei civ aoer faber feari oh inventiouem instrumeng Cocl olim 
Archimedts dictÇ proe titia innivit. 'Insania pomodum corpt oh mism de ogtiam. 
k Beae ee mam die (oram. Hot. Foetu reverenr ha quicque repen Div 
proeere 1o. Aoni. Ptit squid et submi, or hi ei gaudium temper 
hodie iggr. m Uxor Heur. 8.  Neutfi se fortoe extm nter expram xit : 
eci te binde imponc, opère  cflem et v: qd  h n qm dent 
olatium,  r mult confl, &c. L. Viv. o Pecis fro'or» qui ex 
ugeK  idua tudi et profun giton  Non dun qui ex j stu  a 
Iucubraon bac devenenL bi p ri$ enim plenque melcholia soient . 
«ontiuual and t meditatiou, applied  thing with at dlre. Tully. 
l,4enii, et mul »roemetio e f eldt  mchol ,Oh 
b. . h. b. 



]Icm. 3. Subs. 15.] udy, a Cau 199 
good scholars are never good soldiers, whieh a eertaln Goth wcll perceived, for 
when his eountrymen came into Greeee, and would bave burned all their bool 
he eried out against it, by no menus they should de if, "'leave them that 
plague, which in time will consume all their vigour, and martial spixits." Tho 
 Turks abdicated Cornutus the next heir frein the empire, beeause he was 
se mueh given te his book: and 'ris the eommon tenet of the zorld, that 
learning dulh and diminisheth the Bpirits, and soi)er ¢onseruens produceth 
nmlancholy. 
Two main reasons may be given of it, why students should be more subject 
te this malady than others. The one is, they lire a sedentary, solitry lire, 
zibi et mus£s, ri-ce frein bodily exereise, and those ordinary disports which other 
rnen use: and many rimes if diseontent and idleness eoncur with it, which is 
too frequent, they are preeipitated into this gulf on a sudden : but the common 
cause is overmuch study; too much learning (as XFestus told Paul) bath 
ruade thee mad ; 'ris that other extreme whieh effeets it. Se did Trineavellins, 
l/b. 1., cons//. 12 and 13, find by his experienee, in two of his patients, a young 
baron, and another that eontracted this mahdy by too vehement study. Se 
Forestus, obs¢,rvat. L 10, observ. 13, in  young divine in Louvaine, that was 
xnad, and said "rhe had a bible in his head:" ]Iarsilius Fieinus de sanit. 
tend, lib. 1, cap. 1, 3, 4, and lib. 2, cap. 16, gives many reasons, "Xwhy 
students dote more often than others." Tlae first is their negligenee ; "°other 
naen look te their too]s, a painter will wash his peneils, a smith will look te hi 
hammer, anvil, forge; a husbandman will mend his plougla-irons, and grind 
his hatchet, if it be dull œee a çalconer or huntsman will bave an espeeial tare of 
his hawks, hounds, horses, dogs, &c.  a musician will string and unstring his 
lute, &e.; only seholars neglect that instrument, their brain and spirits 
rnean) whieh they daily use, and by whieh they range over all the world, vhicla 
by much study is consume&" l'/de (sait.h Lueian) ne funiculum nlmis 
intedendo, aliquandb abrumpas: "See thou twist net the tope se hard, till at 
length it bbreak." Ficinus in his fourtla chap. gives some other reazons; 
,tturn and ¢Iereury, the patrons of learning, they are both dry planers: and 
Orig.tnus assigns tho saine eause why ]Iercurialists are se poor, and most part 
beggars; for that their president Mercury had no better forttme himself. Tha 
de.tinies of old put povrty upon him as a punishment; shme when, poctrï 
and beggary aïe Gemelli, twin-born brats, inseparable eompaLfions i 
«*And fo this day fs every cholar poor; 
Groaa goltl frein thera fans hetllong te the boo : 
l[ercury can help them te knowledge, but net te money. The second is con- 
templation, " which dries the brain and extinguisheth natural heat ; for 
the spirits are lutent te meditation above in the head, the tomaeh and liver 
are lefç destitute, and thence corne black blood and erudities by defect of con- 
coction, and for want of exercise the superflous vapeurs canner exhale," &e. 
The saine reaons are repeated by GomesiŒEs, llb. 4, cap. 1. de sale *2Vyrnannus 
orat. de Inag. Je. Voschius, llb. 2, vap. 5, de peste: and something more they 
add, that hard studçxxts are eommonly troubled with gouts, eatarrhs, rhettms, 

æGaspar Ena, Thesaur. lolit. Apbteles. 31. Gr¢ls banc pestern relinquite, qnoe dnbinm non est quln 
brevi omnem ils vigorvm ercptura, Martiosqu@ piritus exhaustur& lt; ut ad ar,n& tractanda plaa 
Lqhabilcs futuri sin$. • Knoles, TurlL HisL • Acta, xxvL 2A. • Nimiis studiL rnelan«-holi us 
erasit, dit-eus se B|bllnm In capite babere, s Cttr melancholià asidn, crebrisque deliramentis vexentur 
evrurn anlmi ut des[pere cogantur. « $olers qullibet artifex lnstrumenta sua d-iligentissimë curat, penicel[os 
lictor; maUeos tu¢udesqu¢ ftber ferr&rius; toiles equoa, arma venatOr, auceps aves et canes, cythararn 
cytharoedus, &c. soli rnusarum myst:c tare negligentes sunt, n$ instrurnentum illud quo rnundum unlversum 
metiri soient, spiritum acilicet, penitus negligere videantur. Arcus et arma tibi non sunt imitaudm 
Dianœe. S! nunquam cesses tendere molli erIt. Ovid. eEphemer.  Contemplatio ccrcbrtœe 
exsiccat et extiuguit calorem naturalern, unde cerebrum frigldum et siccum evsd]t quod est melancholicurn 
Acce,lit ad ho.., quod natura in conternpltionv, ¢exebro lrorst ¢ordique intent, atomuchum heparqu 
ltituit, unde ex siimentis maie ¢octis, mmnguis crs..ls e n|ger efllcitur dtmt uimio otio membxottt.. 



19 Causes of Me[nelm.y. [Part. 1. Sec. 2. 

produnt, &e., (.ith *Pl:terus) your very tradesmen if they be excellent, will 
crack and brag, and sho their folly in excess. They bave good profs, and 
they know it, you need not 11 them of it; out of a conoeit of their woh, they 
go sming fo themselv, a perpetual medition of their tropes d plaudits, 
they  at lt qfite mari, d looe their ts.  Petraoeh, IOE. 1. & comptu 
undi, confd  much of himoelf, and Carn, h  fifth book of whdo 
gives an insnoe h a smith of Milan, a fellow-citen of h  one lem de 
ltubeh, that hg eommended for refining of n instent of Arehimedes, 
for joy ran md. Plutch in the lire of Artaxerx hath such a like s ot 
oue Chamus, a soldier, tha wounded king Cyrus  baçtle, and "ew the- 
npon so rrogant, that in a sho spa er he lost  wits." So many 
men,  any new honour, offioe, preferment, booty, trure, poason, or 
patrimony,  i»perata rail unto them, for immoderate joy, and continual 
meditation of if, cannot sleep kor tefi wt they say or do, they m  ravished 
on a sudden ; and with v conceits transpoed, there is no re with theoE 
Epanondas, thcrcfom, the next y after his Leuctrian victory, "»came 
abroad ail squid and submi," and gave no other reon to his fi'iends of so 
doing, than th;t he peroeived himlf e dy before, by tenon of h good 
fune, to be too insolent, overmuch joyeoE Tht we and virtuo lady, 
 Queen Katherine, Dowager of England, in private tk, upon like oasio 
sid, "that she would hOt willingly endure the extremity of either foune ; 
but if it wem so, that of ncceity she mt undergo the one, she wod be  
adversity, b comfi» w never wtg in it, but still counsel and 
government were defective  the other ;" they cod not modera themælv 

8uBsv.cz. XV.--Love of Learn¢ng, or overmuch sudy. 
the mlsery of Scholars, az w]y the J[uses are Mdanclwly. 
LEO'RTVS FçCtSlVS, [nSl;2. lib. iii. secS. 1. cap. 1, Foelix Plater, l/b. iii. 
ee meoeis aliezaZ., Herc. de Saxonia» 2raot. losg, dr nelar]. cap. 3, speak of 
a °peculiar fury, which cornes by overmuch study. Yeruelius, lib. 1, cap. 18, 
puts study, contemplation, and eontinual meditation as an espec'nù cause of 
,adncss: and in his 86 consul, cites the same words. 
9, ]lhasiz aæ Al,a»oren,, ca]». 16, amongst other causes reckons up sgudiurr, 
vc[errns: so doth Levinus Lemuius, lib. dr occul, nal. m-irac, l/b. 1, cap. 16. 
"« Many men (sith he) corne to this malady by coutinual  study, and night- 
'aking, and of all other men, scholars are most subjcct to it :» and such 
lmsis adds, "" that hve commonly the fiues wits." Cont. lib. 1, $rae$. 9. 
:Marsilius Ficinus, de sanie. $uendâ, lib. 1, ca;o. 7, purs meL«ncho]y amongst one 
of those rive principal plagues of studens, 'tis a eommon Maul unto them all, 
and almost in some meaeure an inseparable companion. Yr»o blike for that 
cause calls Trisges P]dloso2]ws  severo, severe sad, dry, etric, axe common 
epithets to scholara: and 'latritius therefore, in the iustitutioa of prineea 
would nog ]mve them fo be great studeuts. For (as Machiavel holds) study 
'eakens their bodies, dull the spiris, aboies theiï strength and couxage; and 

 De mentls alienat cap. $. • Sequ|tatrqe super'olc formam. Livl ll. I I. Oraeulum e 
lnqenia luxm-ie bac et evancoe multoue sensum pitus amise. Homin intuentur,  si ip uuu 
esse,tt homme, h Ge de Rubei v ner faber feri, oh inentionem insumen CocI oHu 
Archimeda dictÇ prœe loetitia iusauivit, qnnia pomod coeptus, ob uimiam de ogantiam. 
 Beue feue mam die lorrain. Hor. Fortu reverenr bab% quicunque re Div ab 
preere looe. Aoni. Pt»it squalid et aubm, ut hi diei gau tempoes 
]mdie ir. m Uxor Hemr. 8.  Neut se fooEœe extoemum Hbeur expermn xit : 
ecsit teri binde imner, opère  cflem et vam: qd  bac n quam dt 
solarium,  alter mt cous, . Lod. VivoE oPeci furor, qui ex li fit. P 
• uge  idua studi et profun giion q Non dun qui ex ju udio e 
]ucabraon huc deveuen bi proe Tteris euim planque mcholia soleut t. 
cotmual and t mittio applied  thinff with 'est desiro. Tully. r Et illi qui uut subtiHs 
I, zenii, «.t mul »roemetio de f eidt  mchoi Ob stor 



]Içm. 3. Subs. 15.] Sudy, a Cause, 199 
good scholars are never good soldlers, which a cealn Goth wcll perceiicd, for 
when his cotmtrymen came into Greece, and would have burned all their book 
he cricd out against it, by no means they shouhl doit, "'leave them that 
plagwle, which in rime wil! consume all their vigour, and martial spirits." The 
 Turks abdicated Cornutns the next heir from the empire, becanse he was 
so much given to his book : and 'ris the common teuet of the world, that 
lcarning dulls and diminLsheth the sphits, and so mer conseeens prudaceth 
nelancholy. 
Two main reans may be given of it, why studcnts should be more subject 
to this malady thau others. The one is, they lire a sedentary, solitary lire, 
«ib e2 mus/s, free from bodily exercise, and those ordinary dispos whlch other 
men use: and many rimes if discontent and idleness concur with it, which 
too frequent, they are precipitated into this gulfon a sudden: but the common 
cause s overmuch study; too much learning (as Festus told Paul) bath 
ruade thee mad; 'tls that other extreme which effects it. So did Trincavellius, 
lib. 1., consil. 12 and 13, find by his experience, in two of his patients, a young 
btron, and another that contracted this malady by too vehement study. So 
Forestus, observa$, l. 10, observ. 13, in a young divine in Louvaine, that was 
mad, and said "he had a bible in his head:" ]Iarsilius Ficinus de saniL 
tuend, lib. l, cap. 1, 3, 4, and lïb. 2, cap. 16, gives many reasons, "why 
students dote more often than others." The first is their negligence ; ""other 
men look to their tools, a painter will wa.h his pecils, a smith will look to 
hammer, anvil, forge; a husbandman will mend his plough-irons, and grlnd 
his hatchet, if it be dull; a falconer or huntsman will bave an especial care of 
his hawks, hounds, horses, dogs, &c. ; a musician will string and unstring his 
lute, &c.; on|y scholars neglect that instrument, their brain and spirits 
mean) which they daily use, and by which they range over all the world, which 
by much study is consumed." }'/d (saiÇh Luciau) n funiculum nimis 
infedendo, aliand abrumpa: "See thou twist hot the tope so hard, till ai 
length if break." Ficinus in his fourth chap. gives some other reasons; 
Saturn and ][ercury, the patrons of learniug, they are both dry planers: and 
Orig.mus assigns the saine cause, why ]Iercurialists are so poor, ad most part 
beggars; for that their president Mercury had no better fortune himself. The 
de.tinies oï old put poverty upon him as a punishmeut; ahme when, poetry 
and begary axe Gemelli, twia-born brats, inseparable oemlanions i 
«'And fo this day fs eery scho]ar poor; 
Gros gold from them rUas hcadJong fo the boor :" 
]«rcury can help them fo knowledge, but hot to money. The second is con- 
tmplation, " which dries the brain and extinguisheth natural heat; for whilst 
the sldrits are intent to meditation above in the head, the etomach and liver 
are left destitute, and thence corne black blood and crudities by defect of con- 
coction, and for want of exercise the superaous vapours cannot exhale," 
The saine reasons are repeated by Gomesius, lib. 4, cap. 1. de sal 
orat. de Imag. Jo. Voschius, llb. 2, vap. 5, de peste: and something more they 
add, that hard studunts are commonly troubled wlth gouts catarrhs, rheums, 

«Gaspr Eus, Theaur. Polit. Apbteles. I. Grcls banc ptem re]Inqu[t quoe dublum non t quln 
brevi omnem ris vigorem erept Mti«sque 8pit exhaustura ; ut ad ma acnda plane 
habil fu sit. = Knole Tur st. ffi Act xxvL . Y Nimiis studi melancholi . 
evit, dicens se Bibllum  capite habere, • C melancholià id oeebue deliramentis vexentur 
eorum animi ut dlpere cogant . • Solers qullibet tife sum aua eutiimWcuraç aic¢Ilos 
pietor; Ueos lncudque faber feaus; mil iuog a vator, auceps sv et cana, eytharam 
¢ytharuN &c., li musar mys t neglint sunç ut stmment iilud qao mund l¢ersum 
meti soleuç spitum scilieeh enitus negligere videant, t Ar et ma tibi non aunt imitada 
Dianoe. Si mnquam ¢ tendere moH erit. Ovid. *EChemer.  Contçlatio oerebraoe 
exsiccat et extiit c.lore,n naturem, aride cerebrnm fridam et siccnm evadit quod est melancholicum 
Acce,iit ad ho.-, ,mod natura In contemploue, ¢oeebro prom cordique tent stomachum heparqua 
destituiç unde ex imentis me ¢oeti ngais esa  niger ecitnr, dura nimio otio membzo 



200 Causes of Mdmlbj. [Part. 1. Sec. 2. 

cachexia, bradiopepsia, bad eyes, stone and colle, rerudities, oppilations, vertigo, 
winds, consumptions, and all sueh diseases as eome by overmuch sitting ; they 
are most part lean, dry, ill-eoloured, spend their fortunes, lose their wits, and 
many rimes their lives, and ail through immoderate pains, and extraordinary 
studios. If you will hOt believe the truth of this, look upon great Tostatus 
and Thomas Aquinas's works, and tell me whether those men took pains 
l,ernse Austin, lIierom, &e., and many thousands besides. 
"Qui cupit optatam cursu contingere metam, I  Ho that desires this wished goal to gain. 
5luira tulit, fecit.lue puer, sudavit et alsit." lust swet and freeze before ho can attin, ' 
and labour hard fir it. So did Seneca, by his own confession, op. 8. 
a day that I spend idle, part of the night I keep mine eyes open, tired with 
wakiog, and now slumbcring to their continual tazk." Hem" Tullypro Archi 
l'oetâ : "whilst others loitered, and took their pleasures, ho was continually 
at hi book," so they do that will be scholars, and that to the hazard ([ say) of 
their healths, fortunes, wits, and lires. Yfow much did Ariztotle and Ptolemy 
spend I uniua regni Frecium they say, more than a king's ransom ; how many 
crowns per armure, to perfeet arts, the one about his Iitory of Creaturea, 
t!lo other on his A]maget i Yfow much time did Thebet Benchorat employ, 
to find out the motion of the eighth sphere fort.y years and more, some write : 
how many poor scholars have lost their wits, or become dizzards, neglecting all 
wo»ldly aflirs and their own health, wealth, ae and bo ese, to gain know- 
ledge, tbr which, after ail their pains, in this world's esteem they are accounted 
ridiculons and silly fools, idiots, asses, and (as off they are) rejeeted, con- 
temned, derided, ' " - 
,otmo, and mad. Look for examples in Hildesheim, sp/cd. 2, 
d mnia et deliio : read Trincavelllus, l. 3. cool//. 36, et c. 17. ]Kontanus, 
coing. 233. aCl-cens de Judic. Sertit. cap. 33. ]Iercurialis conail. 86,calo. 25. 
Prosper Calenius in his Book de atrâ bil; Go to Bedlam and ask. Or if 
they keep their wits, yet they are eteemed scrub8 and fool8 by reason of 
thcir caxriage " after 8even years' study" 
--++-tott taciturnha$ exit, 
Plerum lus et risu populum quatit." 
"Ye becomes more silent than a statue, and generally excites people's 
laughter." Because they cannot ride m hors% which every clown can do 
salure and cour a gentlcwoman, carre at table, cringe and make congés, which 
cvery common swasher cm do, lws [oopu[us ridel, &c., they are laughed fo 
corn, and accounted silly fools by out gallants. Yea, many rimes, 8uch 
their misery, they deserve it : la mere scholar, a more ass. 

« = Obstipo capite, et flgentes lumine terrain, 
Mmanura c6m secum, et rabiosa silentia rodunt 
Atque experrecto trutinantur verba labello, 
zEgroti vetcris meditantes somnia, gigni 
De nihilo nihilum; in nihilum nil pusse revertL" 
----------"* who do lean awry 
Their hcadpiercing the earth with a tîxt eye; 

When. by thernselvea, they gnaw their murmaring 
And furious silence, as "twere blancing 
Èach 'ord upo[t their outstretched lip, and when 
They rneditate the drearns of old sick rnen, 
As, 'Out of nothing, nothing can be hrought; 
And that which L% oaa ne'er be turn'd to nought. TM 

Thus theygo eommonly meditating unto themselves, thus theysit, such is their 
action and gesture. Fu|gosus, l. 8, c. 7, makes mention how Th Aqtùnas, 
supping with king Lewis of France, upon 
table, and cried, cowlusmr est contra 3Ianiclweos; his wits were  wool-gather- 
ing, as they say, and his head busied abottt other matters, hen ho perceived 
his error, he was much °abashed. Such a story thero is of Archimedes in 
ritmvius, thathaving tbund out the means to know how muchgold wasmingled 
 Studlosl sunt eachectici et nunquam b¢ne coloratl, propret debilitatem digestivm facuitatls, mulfipllcantur 
in ils auperfluitates. Jo. Voschius parte 2. cap. 5. de pete, s lqullu mihi per otium dies exit partem 
octis studiis dedieo, non veto somno, sed oculo$ vigilia fatigatos cadentesque, in operam dctineo. 
 Johanne Hanuschius Bohemu.% nat. 1516. eruditus vit, nlmii -tudii$ in Phrenein Incidit. Mont, anus 
ïs.tan .c.in a Frcîcphman.of Tolosa. ! Cardinlis Coecltts; oh iaborem, vigiliam, et diuturna studia factus 
• eanenoncus. er. Sat. S. They cannot flddle; but, a Themistocles said, he could make a small town 
become a great elty. Pers. Sat. - lngenium sibi quod vanas deumpsit Athenas et septem studiis 
annos dedit lnsenuitque. Libris et curis statua taciturnius exlt, Plerunque et risu populum quatit, Hot. 
. i. lib. 2.  Tranalated by M. R l»;a,.v. • Thoma rnbore confuus dixit s de axgumento cogit,a, 



]em. 3. Subs. 15.] tudy, a Cause. 20] 

with the sil'er in king Y[iero's crown, ran naked f ,rth from the bath and cried 
ïogng,,, I ha'e round : "P and was commonly so i tent fo hia studies, that ho 
aever pereeived what was done about him: when the city was taken, and the 
soldiers now ready to riflo his bouse, he took no notico of it." St. Bernard 
rode all day long b the Lemnian lake, and asked st last where ho was, ]Iarul- 
lus, l/b. 2, cap. 4. If was Domocritus's carriago alone that ruade the Abderitea 
snppose him to bave been mad, and sent for Yiippocrates to cure him : if ho 
had been in any solemn company, he wouhl upon ail occasions fall a laughing. 
aeophrastus aith as much of lïeraclitus, for that he continually wept, an,i 
Laertitm of/Venedemtm Lampsacus, becalzse he ran like a madman, q saying, 
"he came from hell as a spy, to tell the devils what mortal men did." Your 
greatest tudents are commonly no better, silly, soft fellows in their outward 
behaviour, absurd, ridiculous to others, and no whit experienced in worldly 
business; they can measure tho heavens, range over tho world, teaeh others 
visdom, and yet in bargains and contacts they are circumvented by every 
base tradesman. Are not these men foolz and how should they be otherwise, 
"but as so many sots in sehools, when (as * he well obsewed) they neither 
hear nor sec sueh things as are eommonly praetised abroad$" how should they 
get experience, by what means "" I knew in my rime many seholars," saith 
_/Eneas Syleins (in an epistle of his to Gasper Scitick, ehaneellor to the em- 
peror), "excellent well lcarned, but so rude, so silly, that they had no eommon 
eivility, nor knew how to manage their domestie or publie affairs." "Pagla- 
rensis was amazed, and said his frmer had surely eozened him, when he heard 
him tell that his sow had eleven pigs, and hiz azs had but one foal." To say 
the best of this profession, I ean gi'e no other testimony of them in general, 
tkan that of Pliny of Isoeus; '"l-e is yet a seholar, than which kind of men 
thcre is nothing so simple, so sineere, none botter, they are most pax harm- 
less, honest, upright, innocent, plain-dealing men." 
low, beeause they are eommonly subjeet fo such hazards and ineonve- 
aaiences as dotage, madness, simplieity, &e., 5 . Vozehius would haro good 
seholars to be highly rewarded, and had in some extmordinary respect abovo 
other men, "fo bave greater * privileges than the test, that adventure them- 
selves and abbreviate their lires for the publie good." But out patrons of 
learning are so far no'-a-days from respeeting the muses, and giving that 
laonour to scholars, or reward which they deserve, and are allowed by those 
indulgent privileges of many noble princes, that after ail their pains takcn 
in the univcrsities, cost and charge, expensos, irksome hours, laborious tasks, 
wearisome days, dangers, hazards (barred interim from all pleasures whieh 
other men bave, mewed up like hawks 11 their lives), if they chance to wado 
through them, they shall in tho end be rejeeted, eontemned, and whieh is 
their greatest misery, driven to their shifts, exposed to want, poverty, and 
cga T. Their familiar attendants are, 
* Pallentes morbl, luctu, curoeque laborqne I "Grief, labour, tare, pale lcknes, mlserie$, 
Et metu$, et malesuda lames, et turpin eg-st» I Fear, fllthy povcrty, Imnger that cries, 
Terribilcs visu formœe" Terrible monsters to be seeu with eyes." 
:If there were nothing else to trouble them, the conceit of this alone wero 
enough fo rnake them all melancholy, lost other trades and professions, aftcr 
tome seven years' apprenticeship, are enabled by their craft to live of them- 
sclves. A merchant adventures his goods st ses, and though his hazard be great, 
 Plutarch. vlt arcelll. /ec senslt nrbem captam, nec milltcs In domurn lrruente, adeo intentera 
«" udil, &¢. «Sub Furise larv& circumivit urbem, dictitans se exploratorem ab inferis venisse, delaturum 
d:emonibus mortalium peCcata, • Petronltts. Ego arbitror in scholis stuklssimos flerl, quia nlhil eorum 
q tt in usu habemus sut audiuut ant vident, • lovi mels dlebus, plerosque studii literarum dedito, 
qui discipliuis admodum sbuudabant, sed uihll c|vtliatts ]aabente, nec rem publ. nec domesticam regere 
zaÇrant. Stupuit Paglarensis et furti vilicttm accusavit, qui suem foetam undeclm porcellos, ainsm uum 
duntaxat pu|lum enixam retuler«t. « Lib. l. Epl«t. . Ad.hue cholaaticus tantum est; quo geuere 
bominum, nihil sut est slmplicius, aut sincerins sut meliUSo • Jttrc lrivilegiandi qui oh çommtm 
Ionum abbrcviant ibi vit ara. • Virg. 6 



yet if one ship return of four, he likely makes a saving voyage. An husband- 
xnan's gains are almost certain; quibs ips Jpiter noc«re non potes (whom 
Jove himself can't harm), Cris  Cato's hyperbole, a great husband himself); 
only scholars methinks are most uncertain, unrespected, subject to ail casual- 
tics and hazards. For first, hot one of a many proves&o be a scholar, ail 
are not capable and docile, z ex orai l/gno non tic Mercur/us : we can make 
majors and ofllcers every year, but hot scholars: kin can invest knights 
and barons, as Sigismund the emperor confessed; universities tan give de- 
wees; and Tu quod es,  populo qvilibet esse pot; but he nor they, nor ail 
the world, can give learning, make philosophem, artists, orators, poets; we 
cm soon say, as Seneca well notes, 0 v/tutu bonura, 6 divitem, point st a rich 
man, a good, a happy man, a prosperom man, surapguos vestium, Calarais-- 
t'atura, bene oentm, magno temporis irapendio cotat hac [aMatio, ô virura 
lirarura, but 'ris hot so easily performed to find out a learned man- Learn- 
ing is hot so quickly got, though they may be wi|ling to take Ins, to that 
end sufliciently infoimid, and liberally maintined by their patrons and parents, 
yet few can compass it. Or if they be docile, yet ail men's wills are hot an- 
swerable to their wits, they can apprehend, but will hot take pains; they 
are either seduced by bad companions, vel in puegam impingunf, vel in poeu- 
lum (they fall in with women or wine), and so spend their rime to their friends' 
grief and their own undoing Or put case they be studious, industrious, of 
ripe wits, and perhaps good capacities, thon how many diseases of body and 
xnind must they encounter I To labour in the world like unto study. 
tay be, their temperature will hot endure it, but striving to be excellent to 
]now all, they lose health, wealth, wit, life and ail Let him yet happily 
escape all these hazards, æreis intestiis, with a body of brasa, and is now con- 
summato and ripe, ho bath profited in his studios, and proceeded with all 
api»lause: after many expenses, ho is fit for preferment, where shail ho bave 
iti ho is as far to seek it as ho was (after twenty yeam' standing)st the 
first day of his coming to the Univcrsity. For what course shall ho take, 
being now capable and readyl The most parable and easy, and about which 
xnany are employed, is to teach a school, turn lecturer or curate, and for that 
ho shall bave tdconer's wages, ton pound per annum, and his diet, or some 
small stlpend, so long as ho can pleaso his patron or the parish ; if they ap-- 
prove him hot (for usually they do but a year or two), as inconstant as T thcy 
that cried "]osanna" one day, and "Crucify him" the othcr; serving-man- 
like, ho must go lok a new toaster; ff they do, what is his rewardi 
' • lloc qnoqne te m anet ut pueros elementa docentem 
Occuper extremis in vicie alba seaectua." [ "At last thy snow-white age in subnrb echoola, 
Bhall toil in teaching boya their grammar rulea." 
I.ike an ass, ho wears out his rime for provender, and can show a stum rod, 
toga» tritara e lacerara, saith ++ Fioedus, an old torn gown, an ensign of 
iltfcLicity, ho hath his labour for hi. pain, a nwdicura to keep him till ho be 
dccrepid, and that is ail Graramaticusnon estfce2ix, &c. If ho be atrencher 
chaplain in a gentleman's bouse, as it befel • Euphorinio, after some seven 
ycam' scrvico, he may perchance bave a living to the halves, or some small 
rectory with the mother of the mads st length, a poor kinswomen, or a 
cracked chambermaid, to bave and to hold during the rime of his life. But 
ho offcnd his good patron, or displease his lady mistresa in the mean time, 
« • Ducetur Plant& velnt lotus ab Hercu]e Cacua 
Ponetnrque fora ai quid teataverit unquam 
Hicere " 
as Herculea did by Cacua, ho shall be dragged forth of doors by the hee]s 

* Plutareh. vtt  Cerfum agrlcolatlonls lucrum &c. Quotannle flttnt cousu]es et proe, osu]es 
Rex et Poeta quotannis nou nsa¢itur.  Mat. 21. • Hot. epLst. 0.1.1.  Lib. 1. de conte, amoZ, 
• atyrl¢,n. •Juv. Sat. 5. 



m. 3. Subs. 15.] Sf.oEy a C'«,. 203 

avay with him. If he bend his forces to some other studies, wlth an intent to 
be à seretls to some nobleman, or in such a place with an ambassador, he shall 
final that these persons fise like apprentice one under another, and in so many 
tradesmen's shops, when the toaster is dead, the foreman of the shop com- 
monly steps in his place. Now for poets, rhetoricians, storians, philosophers, 
bmathematicians, sophisters, &c. ; they are like grasshoppers, sing they must in 
summer, and pine in the winter, for there is no preferment for them. Even 
so they were af first, if you will believe that pleasant gale of Socrates, vhic]: 
he told fair Phoedrus under a plane tree, at the banks of the river Iscus; about 
noon when it was hot, and the gra.hoppers made a noie, he took that sweet 
occasion to tell him a tale, how grasshoppers were once scholars, musicians, 
poets, &c., belote the lIuses were born, and lived without ment and dlnk, and 
for that cause were turned by Jupiter into grasshoppers. And may be turned 
again» In Tythoni Cicadas, av2 Lyciovum ranas, for any reward I see they are 
like to bave: or else in the meantime, I would they could live as they did, 
• vithout any viaticum, like so many manucodiatoe, those Indian birds of para- 
dise, as we commonly call them, those I men that live with the air and dew 
of heaven, and need no other food? for being as they are, their "* rhetorc 
only serres them to curse their bad fortunes," and many of them for want of 
menus are driven fo hard shffts; fmm grasshoppers they turn humble-bees 
and wasps, plain parasites, and make the muses, mules, to satisfy their hunger- 
starved paunches, and get a meal's meat. To say truth, 'ris the common ff,r- 
tune of most scholars, tobe servile and poor, to complain pitifully, and lay 
open their wants to their respectless patrons, as Cardan doth, as $Xilander 
and many others: and which is too common in those dedicatory epistles, for 
hope of gain, to lie, flatter, and with hyperbolical eulogiums and commenda- 
tions, fo magnify and extol an illiterato unworthy idiot, for his excellent vir- 
tues, whom they should rather, as MAchiavel observes, vilify and rail at 
downright for his most notorious villainie and vices. So they prostitute them- 
selves as fiddlers, or mercenary tradesmen, to serve great men's t.urns for a 
small reward. They are like § Indians, they bave store of gold, but know 
hot the worth of it: for I ara of Synesius's opinion, "°King Hiero got more 
by Simouided acquaintance, than Simonides did by his;" they hve their 
best education, good institution, sole qualification from us, and when they bave 
doue well, their honour and immortality from us: we are the living tombs, 
registers, and as so many trumpeters of their lames: what was Acbilles with- 
out lffomer? Alexander without Arrian and Curtius? who had llowa the 

« Belote great Agamemnon relgdd, 
Reign'd kings as great as he, and brave, 
Whose huge ambition's now contain'd 
In the small compass of a grave: 
In endless night they sleep, unwept, unknown, 
1o bartt they had to make all rime their own.  

they are more heholden to scholars, than scholars to them; but they under- 
value themselves, and so by those great men are kept down. Let them bave 
that encyclopoedian, ail the learning in the world; they must keep it to them- 
selves, "¶lire in base esteem, and starve, except they will submit," as 
]3udoeus well bath it, « so many good parts, so many ensigns of as, virtues, 
be slavishly obnoxious to some illiterate potentate, and lire under hi insolent 

• Ars colit astra. . A]drovandtts de Avibus. l. 12. Gesner, &c. * Literas ]abent quels sibi et 
fortunoe suoe maledicant. Sat. Menip.  Lit>. de libris Froprils fol 2. : Proeft. translst. Plutarch. 
FoUit. dispttt. |au,litres etoilunt eos ac ni vlrtutibus pollerent quos oh lnflnits scelera potius vttu]perxre 
oporteret, § Or as horses know uot their strength, they consider ot their own worth, • ]lura 
ex Simonldis famfl|aritate lllero consequutus est, quam ex Hieronis Simonides. | Hor. ]ib. . od. 9. 
Inter inertes et plebelos fore jacet, ]timum ]ocum habens, tsi rot artis virtutisque lnsignia, turpiter, 
obnoxi, snpparisitando faclbtm subjecerit rotervoe insoleutitque oteutie Lib. l. de coutewt, rerum 



worship, or honour, like par•sites," Qui tam zure alinum pa coe 
du. For to my truth, ar  n  l«tivw,  Guido Bonat that 
grt trologer could foresee, they be hot gad as these, sed e  
floe, but or and h. 
« * Dat Genm op dat Jmtlanm honor [ « e ch phy$ldan, honouFd lae d 
S genre et speci cogit e pe: " Wt e poor scho foo it by eir ide." 
Povey is the m' patrimony, and  that poetioE1 vity tcheth  
hen Jupit's daughters were each of them i to the go the muses 
alone were lef sota, Hecon forken of 1 suito d  beeve it w 
beca they had no ion. 
 CaoEope lonm cœelebs c vixit lu m   m y d Calope Hve  long a mald  
empe nl do quod nerare emt."  e h no do to be loE" 
ver slnce ail their foHowe are poor, foken and ]ef to OEelv 
Insomuch, that  tPetronius armes, you shall ely know them by their 
cloth. "There OEme," saith he, "by chce into my compy, a feUow hot 
ve spoe to look on, that I could peroeive by thnt no one he w a 
schol, hom commody rich men haï: I ked him wt he w, he 
answered, a et: I demanded agin why he w so ragged, he told me this 
kind of leaing never ruade any man rich." 
"s Qui Pego edit, mao se fore toHi ] u  mercht's  Is  that go to s; 
Qui pu et rosa pctiK pcintm, aoEo : ] A ldi bossed aH  gold; 
Vilis sdn•for plcto jt ebri osffo, A datterer li foz'd in brave say; 
o proe horrct fdis nn.  A schol only ragged  holoE" 
All which ooe ornary students, right welt rceiving in the uversiti, how 
unpfitble the poetioE], mathematioe, and phi]osophioE1 studi  how 
little respected, how fcw tns; pply themselv iu oe ha•te to thooe t'ee 
commodious profeions of law, physic, and divinity, sharing themselves 
between them, rejecfing the arts iu the meanoEme, histo, philosophy, 
philolo, or lightly ping them over,  plent toys fitting only tablt 
and to fuih them with diou. They are not so behoveful : he that u 
teH h money hth arithmetic enough: he is a true geometrician, c 
mesure out a good foune to himoelf; a peNect tloger that OEn t the 
rise and fall of others, and mark thcir cn't motio to his own u. The 
best optioE are, to reflcct the beams of some eat men's favour and graoe to 
• bine upon him. He is a good engineer, that alone can make an instituent to 
get preferment. This w the common net and practice of Polnd,  
Cmes observed hot long since,  the fit book of h hito; their 
universities were genemlly ba, not a plosopher, a mathematician, an 
antiquaT, &c., to be found of any note amongst them, because they h no 
set reward or stipend, but every man betook himself to divinity, lwc so[um i 
voi le, ium sacerdotimn, a good pronage was theh" aire. ThL w 
the practioe of some of our near neighours,   Lipsius inveighs, "they thrust 
theh- chilien to the study of law and divinity, before they be ormed arigh 
or pable of such studies." cicd omn rt nt/ata s l, df- 
wr esl m auri, qm çulcid Groeci Latiniq ira,s scpse. 
x  nuro n veniu  gubern reilTub, in d  co 
i reyum, ô pat ô pa ] so he complined, and so may other For 
even so we find, to oee a t man, fo get an offioe  some bishop's co 
(to practi  some good town), or oemp a benefice, is the mm-k we shoot 
at,  ing  dvanteous, the highway fo prefment. 
though many tim, for aught I  see, these meu il  offert as the 

• Buchsnan. eleg. lib. tin Sstyrlcn. lntrst senex, sed ltu non Ira ,peelosu, ut faeil sppareret eum 
bac nota literatum ese, quoa divites odie soient. Ego inquit Poeta aura : Quare ergo tare maie vestitus es 
Propter hoc ipsum; smor ingenii neminem unquam divitem fecit, • Petronlu Arbiter. b Oppretts 
psupertate anhnu$, nihil eximtum sut sublime cogitare potest, smoenitstes ]iterarnm, sut e]egantlsm, 
quonlam nihtl proesi(lil in bi• ad vit eommodnm videt prim negligere mox odisse incipit. Hens. 
t Eistol. qust, lib. . Ep. 2L 



]em. $. Sus. 15.] WT, y ll fues are M'ec)j. 

205 

rest in their projects, and are as usually frustrate of their hopes. For let him 
be a doctor of the law, an excellent civilian of good worth, where shall ho 
practise and expatiate ? Their fields are so scant, the civil law with us so con- 
tracted with prohibitions, so few causes, by reason of those all-devouring 
municipal laws, quibs nlhll illieratlus, saith Erasmus, an illiterate and a 
barbarous study (for though they be never so well learned in it, I can hardly" 
vouchsafe them the naine of schola, except they be otherwiie qualified), and 
so few courts are lcfC to that profession, such slender offices, and those com- 
monly to bc compasscd at such dear rates, that I know hot how an ingenious 
man should thrive amongst them. ow for physiciaus, there are in evcry 
village so many mouutebauks, empirics, quacksMvers, paracelsians, as they 
call themselve.s, Çaucifici. et sanicldoe, so * Clenard terres them, wizard.s, alche- 
mists, poor vicars, cast apothecaries, physicians' men, barbers, and good wives, 
professing great skill, that I make great doubt how they shall be maintained. 
or who shall be their patients. Besicles, there are so many of both sorts, ar, l 
some of them such harpies, so covetous, so clamorous, so impudent; and as 
 he said, litigious idiots, 
« Qulbus loqnacis affatlm arrogatloe est « Whlch bave no sklll but pratlng arrogance, 
Peritiœe parùm ut nibil, No learning, such a purse-mi|king nation : 
ec tt|la mica llterarii salis» Gown'd vulttu'es, thieves, and a iitigious roui 
Crurnenimulg natio : O.  cozeners that hunt thi occuptiou»  
Loquutelcia turba, litium strop]]œe, 
l[alig'aa litigantittra cohors, togati vultures» 
Lavernoe alumui, Agyrte," 
that t.hey cannot well tell how fo live one by another, but as ha jested in the 
Comedy of Clocks, they were so many,  major pars poFuli aridâ reTtan$fazne , 
they are almost starved a great part of them, and ready to devour their fcl- 
lows, fE$ noxié calliditate se cor'iTere , such a multitude of pettlïoggers and 
empirics, such imposto, that an honst man knows hot in what sort to com- 
pose and behave himself in their societyæ to carry himself with credit in so 
vile a rout, scntia no¢nvn, ot suFlibus Tartum et vilis, Trofer disFudeat , 
postquam, &c. 
Last of all corne to out divines., the most noble profession and worthy of 
double honour, but ofall others the most distressed and miserable. Ifyou will 
not believe me, hear a brief of it, as it was hOt many years since publicly 
preached at Paul's cross,  by a grave minister then, and now a reverend 
b£hop of this land : "We that are bred up in learaing, and destinated by out 
parents fo this end, we surfer out childhood in tbe grammar-school, which 
Austin calls magnam tyrannidem, er grave malum, and compares it to the rot- 
ments of martyrdom; when we corne to the university, if we lire of the collage 
allowance, as Pha|aris objected to the Leontines, ,,v;, ,,ç ,xt ,& i 
needy of all things but hunger and fear, or if we be maintained but partly 
by out parents' cost, do expend in unnecessary maintenance, bootrs and de- 
grees, before we corne to any perfection, rive hundred pounds, or a thousand 
marks. If by this price of the expense of time, out bodies and spirits, our 
substance and patrimonies, we caunot purchase those small rewards, which are 
ours by law, and the right of inheritance, a poor parsonage, or a vicarage of 
£50 per armure, but we must pay to the.patron for the lease of a life (a spent 
and out-worn lire) either in aunual pension, or above the rate of a copyhold, 
and that with the hazard and loss of oursouls, by simony and perjury, and the 
forfaiture of all out spiritual preferments, in esse and poese, both present and fo 
corne. What father after awhile will be so improvident to bring up his son 
to his great charge, fo this necessary beggary? What Christian will be so 
irreligious, to bring up his son in that course of life, which by all probability 
and necessity, co9e$ ad SurT/a, enforcing fo sin, will entangle him in simony 
 Clceron. dt-l. * Eplst. iib. 2. * Ja. Dousa Epodon. lib. 2. car. 2.  Plautu.  Barcl. 



and perjuryÇ when as the poet aid, lnv/aus ad lc   n : 
"a beggr's brat ken om tho bdgo where he sits a beghg, if ho e 
the inconvenience, hd cause to refo if." Th being thus, haro no wo 
hed fa a t.h while, tha aoe tite divines, fo find no better fits of 
our lbour  t ca, c9EEunragg  do we mera 
ouelves for this I Is it for thh we fise so eady ail tho yr long ] "* lp- 
g ( ho saiçh) out of out beds, when we hear tho bell ring,  if wo ha,l 
heard a thderclap." If t be all he rester, rewrd and hono we shall 
bave, frae  coEUrs,  soEu  lell,s : le  ve over our bk, 
and betake one]ves to some other course of life; to whatend should we 
study  p Qid  lit stti re parent, what &d o parents mn 
to make us scholam, to be  far to seek of pfermcnt aer twenty yeat" 
study,  we were at first: why do we take such pns Qu tantun 
ianjuv impalce crt? If theoe be no more hope of reward, no 
better encouragement, I y again, range  c¢  sci 
libos; let's turn soldiem, ll out boom, and buy swor, gun¢ and 
or stop bottles with them, tut out philopher's go,  Cleanthes once 
did, into miller coats, lve ail, and rather betake ouelves to any other 
cou of life, than to contue longer  this misery. +Proestat 
rere, quàm literari nut tgtum favem ere. 
Yea, bat methinks I hear some man except at these wos, t though 
this b truc which I hav id of the estate of scholam, and espe¢iaHy of 
divines, that it  meable and dd at th rime, tt the cht¢h sem 
shipeck of ber goods, and tt tLy bave jusç  fo compln; there is 
a ult, but whenoe procds it] If the uoe were jtly exaned, it would 
be rtorted upon ouelves, ff we were cited at that tribunM of truth, w 
should be round guilty, and hot able fo exce if. That there  a t among 
us, I conf, and were there hot a buyeL them wod hot be a aeBer: but 
him that wiB consider betr of if, it wi more than manffestly appear, that 
the founta of th miseries prooeeds from th griping patro Xn accng 
them, I do hot altother exce i both are ty, they and we : yet  my 
judgment, theim  the eater çat, more apparent us% and much fo ha 
condemneoE For my part, ff it be hot with me  I would, or  it shod, I do 
ascribe the cause, as «Cardan did in the hke OEoe;  irtun@ Toti 
ilum sceri, fo  me own inf¢licity rather than the naughth; although 
I bave been bed in my rime by some ofthem, and have jt OE to com- 
l»la  another: or rather indeed fo mine own neggenoe; for I w ever 
like that lexander in  Plutarch, Crs  tutor in phfiosophy, who, though 
he lived many ym famarly with rich Csus, w even  poor when from, 
(which many wondered at)  when he OEme fit fo him ; he never ked, th 
other never gave him any tng; vhen h tmvelled wih Cus he boowe4 
a ha of him, at his reç rasored i agaim I have d some such noble 
friends'quainKnoe and scholars, but mo.,t part (common ¢out%esies and ordi- 
na respects exoepted), they and I pad  we meç, they gave me  muu  
X requeste and that w-- And  Ar  Andro, Gen. dr. 
l. 6. c. 16. ruade awer to ieronim Minus, t wondered, um plur 
navos et Obi  dignit et srdt pro» qtM v', when 
other men ro, still he w  he me sate, n e fortu i r- 
cm m stiu e p, whom  thought to drve  
wuB  the re,t. e me answer, at he w oennt th his prnç 

• Pers. S&t. 3. * E leeto exsillentes, ad subitum ttntinnalmli l)lausm qsi fulmine territl. 1. o Mm-t. 
.[art. f S&t_ Menip. q L|b. 3. de cons. : I hgd no moneys I wanted impudenCe, I eould hot 
icr&rnble, temportse, disaerable: non pranderet olua, &c. vis dicam, ad imlpand:m et adulandnm penitrt 
inulsus, recudi non psmn j&ra lenior ut sire talis, et flngi nolo, utcunque re&le eedat in rem ¢neam ct 
obcurus inde deliteacam,  Vit. Crafi. nec facilè judicarepoteet tttrmn l)aup_rior eum primo 4 



was hot ambitious, and a]hough objwrgabundus sm nm , 
obscuoe s mi ad s  pon os, &., he chid him for 
his bkwardnem, yet he w still the me: and for my pa (though I be non 
worthy perps to oe Aexder's bks) yet by some overweeg and well- 
shing friend the like spehes bave beea ed to me; but I plied still 
with Alender, that I had enough, and more peradvento than I deserved; 
and with Libanius Sophlsta, tt ther chie (when honours and offioes by the 
emperor were oflbred un him) to be Sophga, quàm talfa9i«tragus. 
had  lier be still Democritus junior, and privu8 priv«, d mihiflm 
For the r¢ 'ris on both aides:its taum, ¢o buy and aell ltviug, 
deain from the chuh, tha which d'a and mea'» wa haro bestoved on 
buç in them mos¢, and tt ri-oto çhe oeve¢oa and ignorance of such as are 
terested  th busin; I naine covetonesa in the fit place,  ¢he moi 
o[ aU th mchiefs, which, £chan-like, oempeh ¢hem ¢o commit aacrilege, 
and fo mtke simoniaoEl compote (and what hot) fo their own ead¢ "that 
kindles God'a wra¢h, hngs a plague, vengeanoe, and a heavy vhitation upoa 
themselv and othe Some out of that intiable diro of filthy luc, to 
be enriched, eare hot how thcy corne by if Terfas  mfa¢ hook or 
ehey hava if. nd othem when they haro th rio¢ and prodigality embeled 
their esça¢ fo reoever theelves, make a prey of $he church, mbbing it, as 
"Jtflian the apoaate did, apoil pamons of the revenu (in keeping hall back 
« a grt man amongst  observ) : "and that maintenanoe on which they 
ahouM lire:" by m whereoÇ bbarism  increed, aad a t day of 
chti profm: for who  apply mlf  the divine stua, his 
or fi'ien whea afr t ins ken, they all have aotg 
fo ve Bu with w even do they the 

«  Opeque toti viribns venamlnl, 
At inde me.gai accidit micrrLma.  

They toil and moil, but what reap thcy They are commonly unforunato 
f-«milies that use it, accursed in their progeny, and, as common experience 
evinceth, accursed themselves in ail their proceedings. « Vith vhat face (as 
° he quotes out of Aust.) can they expect a blessing or inheritance from Christ 
in heaven, that defraud Christ of his iaheritance here on earth]"  would ail 
out simoniacal patrons, and such as detain tithes, would read those judicious 
tracts of Sir Henry Spelman, and Sir James Seml)ill, kaights those lato 
elaborate and learned treatises of Dr. Tilflye, and 5r. ][ontague, which they 
bave writtcn of that subject. Jut though they should read, it would be to 
small purpose, clames llcet et mare ctr[o cofn[as ; thunder, lighten, preach 
hell and damnation, tell them 'ris a sin, they wiil hot believe it ; denounce and 
terrify, they bave "cauterised consciences, they do hot attend, as the enchanted 
adder, they stop their ears. Call them base, irreligious, profane, barbarous, 
pagans, atheists, epicures, (as some of them surely are) with the bawd in 
Plautus, E«, optimè, they cry and applaud thems¢lves with that miser, "s/mu 
ac nummos contemplor in arcd: say what you will, Cswru/ue modo rem: as 
a dog barks at the moon, to no purpose are your sayings: Take your heaven, 
let them bave money. A base, profane, epicurean, hypocritical rouf: for my 
par, let them pretend what zeal they wiII, counterfeit religion, blear the world's 
eye bombat themselves, and stuff out their gTeatness with church spoils, 
shine llke so many peacocks; so cold is my charity, so defective in this behalf, 
that I shall never think better of them, than that they are rotten af cote, theit 

• Dm hbtgt tratm, sbtqemortem oeam t, ls mil nam. Su in Josua 
. Em4ptd. • Nioephor lib. 10. p. 5.   Coo   RepooE second pa fol  
 Eui4oE = S  Sp de non mer Eoei. • I T. & 2 • Hor. 



208 Causes of Mdanchoy. [Far. I. Sec. 

bones axe full of epicurean hypocrisy, and atheistlcal marrow, they are worso 
than heathens. For as Dionysius alicarnasseus observes, A ntiq. Rom. [lb. 7. 
"Primum locum, &c. «Greeks and Barbarlans observe all religious rites, and 
dare hot break them for fear of offending their gods; but our simoniacal ccn- 
tractors, our senseless Achans, our stupified patrons, fear neitber God nor 
devil, they bave evasions for it, it is no sin, or hot due jure divin.o, or if a sin, 
no great sin, &c. And though they be daily punished for it, and they do 
mauifest]y perce;ve, that as he said, frost and fraud corne to foul ends; yet as 
"Chrysostom follows it, Nulla ex poenâ sit correctio, et quasi adversis maitia 
hominum provoceur, crescit qotliè qzwd punbtur : they are rather worse than 
better,--iram arque anf»ws à crimine sumunt, aud the more they are correctcd, 
the more they oflënd: but let them take their course, b/ode, caper, v/s, go on 
st;Il as they begin, 'ris no sin, let them rejoice secure, God's vengeance will 
overtake them in the end, and these ill-gotten goods, as an eagle's featbers, 
"will consume the test of thcir substance; it is « aurum Tholosanum, and will 
produce no better effects. "°Let them lay it up sale, and make their convey- 
ances never so close, lock and shut door," saith Chrysostorn, "yet fraud and 
covetousness, two most violent thieves, are. st;Il included, and a little gain evil 
gotten will subvert the rest of their goods." The eagle in _]Esop, seeing a 
Idece of flesh, now ready to be sacrificed, swept it away with ber claws, and 
carried if to ber nest; but there was a burning coal stuck to it by chance, 
which unawares consurned ber young ones, nest, and ail together. Let out 
simoniacal church-choppi)g patrons, and sacrilegious harpies, look for no 
better success. 
 second cause is ignorance, and frein thence contempt, successi$ odium 
leras ab ignorakl vulgi; which  Junius well perceived: this hatred and con- 
tempt of learning proceeds out oîignorance; as they are themselves barbarous, 
idiots, dull, i!literate, and proud, se they esteem of others. Sin$ [ecoenates, 
nor vrun, Flatte, ,[arones: Let there be bountfful patrons, and there will be 
painful scholars in ail sciences. But when they contemn learning, and think 
themselves sufficienly qualified, ifthey can write and ad, scramble ata piece 
of crédence, or have se much Latin as that emperor had, 
• wsci$ ver«, they are unfit te de their country service, te perform or underta]e 
any action or employment, wh;ch raay tend te the good of a cornmonwealth, 
except it be te fight, or te de country justice, with common sense, which every 
yeoman can likewise de. And se they bring up their children, rude as they 
are thernselves, unqualified, untaught, une;vil rnost çart. * Qeis  nos$r juven- 
tue legitlmè iastituiur literis ? Quis oratores au phiosophos tangi 
oriam legit, illan rerun agendarum quasi ania» ? præcipitant pareges vo 
ta, &c. "twas Lipsius' complair, t ço his illiterate countryrnen, it may be ours. 
Now shall these rnen judge ofa seholar's worth, that bave no worth, that know 
hot what belongs to a student's labours, that cannot distinguish between a true 
scholar and a drone ? or him that by reason of a voluble tongue, a strong vo;ce, 
a pleasing tone, and some trivially polyanthean helps, steals and gleans a few 
notes from otlmr men's harvests, aud so makes a h'er show, than he that is 
truly learned indeed : that thinks it no more fo preah, than to speak, '' orto 
run away with an ernpty cart;" as a grave man sad: and thereupon vilffy us, 
and our pains; seOrll us» and ail leaxaing. Because they are rich, and bave 

• Primum locum apud omues gentes habet patrltlus deorum cltus, et genloram, nain hune dlutlsslmk 
stotliunt, tare Groeci Qusm Barbart, kc. Tom. 1. de steril, trium annorum sub Eli sermone. 
• Uvid. Fast. * De maie qnoeltis vx gaudet tert|ns bæres, eStrabo lib. & Geog. • Nihil faci|in 
opes eertet, quam avariÙa et fraude parta. Et si enfin eeram addas tali arcs, et exteriore |anua et vecte 
em commun;as, lntus tamen fraudera et avaritiam, &c. In 5. Cormh7 tAc.ad, cap. 7. gars 
hem;hem babet inirnicum prœeter ignorantem, h He that caunot dissemlle cannot lire. * Eplat. queet. 
lib 4. epist. 21. Lipsins.  Dr. Kiug, in his last lecture on Jonan, so,nettme mght revereztd lot4 biahoI 
Of Londost. t mbus opes et otium bi barbaro fttt ttter 'n',cmnunt. 



em. 3. 8ub. 15.] ..ç'tJy, a Cae. 09 

other means fo lire, they tlduk if concerns thcm hot to -]o.-v, or to troublo 
themselves with it; a fitter task for younger brthers, or poor mcn's sons, to 
be pen and iakhorn mea, pedantical slaves, and no whit beseeming the calling 
of a geutleraan, as Frencbmen and Gcrmans commonly do, neglect thereforo 
ail human lcarning, what have they to do with it Let marincr lcarn astro- 
nomy; merchants, çactors study arithmetic; surveyors get thcm geomctT; 
spectacle-makers optics; landleapers geography; town-cl¢rks rhetoric, what 
should he do with a spade, that hath no ground to dig; or they with learnng, 
tht bath no use of it thus they reason, and are hot ashamed to let mariner.% 
apprentices, nd the basest servants, be better qualified tban themselves. 
folner rimes, kings, princes, and emperors, were the only seholars, excellent 
in ail faculties. 
Julius Coesar meded the year, and writ his own Commenaries, 
«  * media inter proelia semper, 
Stcl]arum coelique plais, »uperisque vacavit.  
Antonius, Adrian, Tero, Seve. Jul. &c. Iichael the emperor, and Isaciu 
were so much given to their studie.% that no base fellow would take .o much 
pains: Orion, l'erseua, AIphonsus, Ptolomeus, famous astronomers; S:tbor, 
Mithridates, Lysimachus, admired physicians: Plato's kings all : Evax, tbat 
Arabian prince, a most expert jeweller, and an exquisite philosopher; the kings 
of Egypt were priests of old, ehosen and from thence,--Idem tex 
]'hbi(l sacerdos: but those heroical rimes are past; the ][uses are 
banished in this bastard age, ad sordida tugurlola, to meaner persons, and con- 
fined alone almost to universities. In those days, scholars were highly beloved, 
 honoured, esteemed; a old Ennius by Scipio Africaaus, ¥irgil by Augustus 
• Iorace by ]Iecoenas: princes' companions; dear to them, as Anacreon to Poly- 
crates; Philoxeaus to Dionysius, and highly rewarded. Alexander sent Xeno- 
cmtes the Philosepher fifty talents, because he was poor, v/su rerum, au$ eru- 
ditioe prw.stantes vir, »wsis olim regun adhibiti, as Philostmtus relates 
Adan and Lampridius of Alexnder Severus: famous clerks came to these 
princes' courts, velu in Lycaum, as to a university, and were admitted to their 
tables, quasidivûm ell& accumbentes; A rchilaus, that Macedonian king. would 
hot willingly sup without Euripides (amongst the rest he dmnk to him at 
supper one night and gave him a cup of gold for his pains), ddectatus poetv 
stavi sermone; and it was fit it hould be so; becauoe, as  Plato in his Proe 
tagoras well saith, a good philosopher as much excels other men, as a great 
king doth the commons of his country; and again, °quniam ill d/dl dees$, 
d minl» egere solent, e disciolinas çlas profiu,ttur, soli à conte»tu vindicare 
possunt, they needed hot to beg so basely, as they compel Pscholat in out times 
to complain of poverty, or croueh to a rich chuff for a meal's ment, but could 
"¢indicate themselves, and those arts which they professed, low they would 
and cannot: for it is held by some of them, as an axiom, that to keep them 
poor, will make them study; they mu:»t be dieted, as horses to a race, hot 
pampered, cAle,dos volunt, non saginandos, e mdioris wt.is flammula exti. 
guatur; a fat bird will hot sing, a fat dog cannot hunt, and so by this depre»- 
sion of theirs, "some watt means, others will, ail want "eacouragement, as 
bcing forsaken almost; and generally contemned. 'Tis a old saying, 
$leccena, m deerunt, 'laece, Matrones, and 'ris a true a)'ing still. Yet 
vftentimes, l may not deny it, the main fault i in ourselves. Out aadcmics 



210 Caua of Mel, an, cho!/. [Paxt. I. Sec. 2. 

too frequetly offend in'neglecting patrons, as e Erasmus well taxeth, or making 
ill choice of them; egll#imus oblatos sut amlolectimur loarum aloOS, or if we 
gel a good one, non studemus mutuis offrciisfavorera ejus alere, we de net ply 
and follow him as we should. Ider mihi acddit Adolescenti (saith Erasmus) 
acknowledging his fault, et gravissirr& teccavi, and so may  I say mysel/ I 
bave offnded in this, and se peradventure bave many others. We did net 
spondere mag;mtttm favoribus, qui coeperunt nos amTlectl , apply ourselves with 
that readiness we should : id|ene, love of liberty, immodicu a.rnor libertatis 
effecit ut diù cure perfidis amicis, as he confesseth, et Tertinacl pau.pertate col- 
loEtarer, bashfulness, melancholy, fimorousness, cause many of us te be too 
backward and remiss. Se seine offend in one extreme, but too many on the 
other, we are most par too forwrd, too soIicitous, too ambitious, too impudent; 
we commonly complain deesse Mcecenates, of want of eneouragement, want of 
means, when as the truc defect is in out own want of worth, our insufficieney : 
did Moecenas take notice of Horaee or ¥irgil till they had shown themselves 
first? or had Bavius and ]Ievius any patrons Egregiura specimen dent, saith 
]Erasmus, let them approve themzelves worthy tiret, sufficiently qualified for 
learnàng and manners, beïoro they presume or impudently intrude and put 
themselves on great men as too many de, with such base flattery, parasitieal 
.eolloguing, such hyperbolieal elogies theydo usually insinuate, that il is a sLame 
te hear and sec. lmmodlcoe laudes conciliant iuvidiam, potius quara laudem, 
and vain commendations derogate frein truth, and we think in conclusion, non 
melius de laudato, pejus de laudante, iii of both, the eommender and eommended. 
Se we offend, but the main faufil is in their harslanes, defeet of patrons. Hov 
beloved of old, and how much respected was llato te Dionysius  How dear te 
Alexander was Aristotle, Demeratus te Philip, Selon te Croesus, Anexareus 
and Trebatius te Augustus, Cassius te Yespatian, t'lutaa'ch te Trajan, Seneea 
te ero, Simonides te Hiero how honoured 
 t ed hoee prias faere, mme recondita 
8crient quiet%" 
those days are gone; Et SlmS , et ,'crie stud[arum in Csar« tantum:+ as he 
aid of old, we ma). truly say new, he is our amulet, our stm, out sole comfort 
and refuge, out ltolemy, out common BIoecenas, Jacobus munificus, Jacobus 
pacifieus, mysttt Musarum, l?e 191atonicus : Grande decus, colurnenqu no- 
trum: a famous scholar himself, and the ole patron, pillax, and sustainer of 
learning: but his woh in this kind is se wel| known, that as laterculus of 
Cale, Jam ipsum laudae nef as sit: and which §l)liny te Trajan, Ser/a te 
caq'mina, honarue oeternus annalium, non lwec brevis et oudenda 'oedicatio celer. 
]3ut he is new gone, the stm of ours set, and yet no night follows, Sol occub,dt, 
a nulla sequuta est. We bave such another in his room, ]]aureus aller. 
Avulsus, similifi'ondescit virga meta//o, and long may he reign and flourish 
amongst us. 
Let me net be malicious, and lie against my genius, I may net deny, but 
that we bave a sprinkling of our gcntry, here ami thcre one, exce|lent|y well 
learned, like those Fuggeri in Germany; Dubartus, Du Plessis, Sadael, in 
Franee; Picus Mirandula, Schottus, Barotius, in Italy; Alaparent rarinades 
it gurgite vaste. But they are but few in respect of the multitude, the major 
art (and seine again excel)ted , that are indifferent) are wholly bent for hawks 
and hounds, and carried away many limes with intemperate lust, gaming and 
drinking. If th'ey read a book al any lime (si quod est interim otii à venatu, 
loculis, aleâ, scortis) 'ris an English Chronicle, t. Ituon of ]3ordeaux, Amadis 

* Chll. 4. Cent. l. adag. I. " Had I done as otlers did, ont myself forward, 1 mlght bave haply 
been as great a man as many of rny cquals. "Catullus, Juven. $ A.ll ottr hopes and inducernents to 
etudy m'e ceatred in Cw..ar alone.  llemo est quem non Phoebus hic noeter eoIo intuitu lube,ttorr.m 
geddt.  ranegyr. I Virg. 



Iem. 3. Subs. 15.] Etudy, a Cana. 211 

de Gaul, &c., a play book, or some pamphlet of news, and that at such seasons 
only, when they cannot stlr abroad, to drive away rime, • their sole discourse 
is dogs, hawks, horses, and what news If some one have been a traveller in 
Italy, or as far as the emperor's court, wintered in Orleans, and can cour 
his mistress in broken French, wear his clothes neatly in the newest fashion, 
sing some choice outlandih tunes, discourse of lords, ladies, towns, pa 'lces, 
and cities, ho is complete and tobe admired: • otherwise he and they are 
much at one; no difference between the toaster and the man, but worshipfal 
titles: wink and choose betwixt him that sits down (clothes exeepted) and 
him that holds the trencher behind him: yet these men must be our patrons, 
our governors too sometimes, statesmen, magistrates, noblv, great, and wie 
by inheritance. 
]Iistake me not (I say again) Vos,  Partus sanguls, you that are worthy 
s¢ators, gentlemen, I honour your humes and persons, and with ail submis- 
siveness, prostrate myself fo your censure and service. There are amongst 
you, I do ingenuously confess, mauy well-deserving patrons, and true patriots, 
vf my knowledge, besides many hundreds which I never saw, no doubt, or 
heard ot pillaxs o£ our commonwealth, "whose worth, bounty, learning, for- 
wardness, true zeal in religion, and good esteem of all scholam, ought to bv 
consecrated to ail posterity; but of your tank, there are a debauched, cor- 
rupt, covetous, illiterate crew again, no better than stocl-, merttm 
(testor Deum, non mihi videri dignos ingenui hominis appellatione), barbarous 
Thracians, et quis ille tl«rax qui boy n'je$  a sordid, profane, peicious com- 
pany, irreligious, impudcnt and supid, I know hot what epithets to give them, 
enemies to learning, coafounders of the church, and the ruin of a commou- 
wealth; patrons they are by right of inheritance, "and put in trust freely to 
dispose of such liviugs to the church's good; but (hard task-masters they 
prvve) they t'ake away their stmw, and compel them fo make their number of 
brick; they commonly respect their own ends, commodity i the stcer of all 
their actions, and him they l»resent in conclusion, as a man of greatest giïts, 
that will give ma.; no penny, • no pater-noster, as the sayiug is. //s/preces 
au'o fdcias, amplius ir''itas : $ Cerberus offa, their attendants and officcrs 
• uust be bribed, feed, and ruade, as Cvrberus is with a sop by him that goes 
to helL It was an od saying, Omnia Roture vetali (all things are venal at 
lome), 'tis a rag of ioçery, which will never be rooted out, there is no hope, 
no good tobe doue without money. A clerk may offr himself, approve 
 worth, learning, honesty, religion, zeal, they will commend him ibr it; but 
• probitas laudatur et alge$. If he be a man of extraordiaary parts, they wll 
ttock afar off t heur him, as theydid in Apaleius, to se Psyche: multi 
conjquebat ad vider,du», «ecul decus, specuhtm glriosun, laud.ttur ab omni- 
bvz, sTectatur ab omnibus, nec quisuam nmt tex, nn regitt, cupidus ejus tup- 
tiaru»t Tetitor accedit; mirantur yuidetr diinart fvq',»ta ones, sed ut 
nulaerumfabr} Tolitum .miraut,q'; many mortal men came to see fah" P.syche 
the glory of ber age, they did admixe h«r, commead, d«sire ber foc ber di 
beauty, and gaze Ul»On ber; but as on a pictm; noue would mal T ber, q« 
indotata, fuir l)syche had no money. ¢o rhey do by leating; 
" $ didicit jam die avaras I '" Y°ur rich meu bave n°w learn'd f latter dal  
Et 9uvi Jtmoai 'vm " T heur and see a worzhy holw- 
 children doa pe¢oc.k' tLher." 
• Rarus-elm ferme ensu commuais in llla Fortuna. Juv. Sut. 8. • Qui enim generosnm dizert 
hunc que lndignus genere et pr&clm-o nomtne tantum, lnsigni. Ju. Sst.S. l bave often met 
my¢ll, and conferred wih divers worh¥ gentlemen m he country, no whit inferior, if hot tobe preferred 
fr divers klnd of learning to ma¥ of ottr acdcnic& • Ip licet Mti venias comitts, IIomere, Nil 
tamn ttttlr|s, Lbi, tlomere furm. • Et Jegat hltOricos auctorea, noverit omnes Taaqua ungucs 
chritoque SUoS. JtXv. t. "/. * Jttvenal, •ftt veto licet Ophett si, x,x gon  tetttttitis emoil|Ùt 
#Juseu. baL. 7. 



212 Cause* of Mdae«hobd. [Part. 1. Sec. 2. 

e shA1 Imve .11 the good words ht may be given, "a proper man, and 'ris 
pity he hath o preferment, all good wi.hes, but inexorable, indul'te as he is, 
he will no prefer him, though if be in hia power, because he is indobus, ho 
bath no money. Or if ho de give him entertainment, let him bo never se well 
qualified, plead afflnity, eonsanguinity, sufflciency, ho shall serve seven years, 
as Jacob did for Raehel, beforo ho shall bave if. flf he will enter af fir.t, ho 
must yet in af that Simoniaeal gat, corne off soundly, and put in good security 
te perform all covenants, elso ho will net deal witb, or adroit him. But if 
aome poor scholar, seine parson chaff, will offer himsclf; seine trenclter chap- 
|aih, that will tke it te the halves, thirds, or aeeept of what ho will give, ho 
L welcome; be conformable, preach as he will haro hi,n, ho likes him beforo 
a million of others; for the best is always best eheap: and then as Itierom 
rLid te Cromatius, patell digzum olaerculum, such a patron, such a clerk; tho 
eare la wcll aupplied, and ail parties pleased. Se that is still verified in out 
age, whlch «ChTsostom complained of in his rime, Qai opuletiores sun, in or- 
dinera parasitorura cogunt eos, eg ipsos gauam canes ad »ensas suas enutriunt, 
eormwlue inpu, dentes Yenlres iniquarura coearur reliquiis differtiunt, iisdra 
l»ro arbitrio abuteates: 12dch men keep these lecturers, and lawning parasites, 
like se many dogs st their tables, and filling their hungry guta with the off-ala 
of their ment, they abuse them st their pleasure, and make them say what they 
propose. " As children de by a bird or a butterfly in a string, pull in and 
lt him out as they list, de they by their trencher chaplains, prescribe, com- 
maad their wits, let in and out as o them if seema best." If the patron b 
precise, se must his chaplain be; ff he be papistical, his clerk must be se too, 
or else be turned out. These are those clerks which serve the tnrn, whom 
theycommonlyentertain, and present te church livings, whilst in th meantime 
we that are University men, like se many hide-bound calvea in a pasture, tarry 
out our time, vither away as a flower uagathered in a garden, and are never 
used; or as se mauy candles, illuminate ourselvea alone, obscuring one aa- 
other's light, and are net discerned here st all, the least of which, translated 
te a dark room, or te seine country benefice, where it might shine apart, woul4 
give a fair l[ght., and be seen over alL Vhilst we lie waiting here as those 
ick men did ai the Iool of * Betheada, till the Angel stirred the water, ex- 
pecting a good heur, they step between, and beguile us of our preferment. 
[ bave net yet said, if after long expectation, much expense, travel, earast 
suit of ourselves and friends, we obtain a small benefice st last; our misery 
bcgina afresh, we are suddenly encountered with the flesh, worl.i, and devil, 
with  new onse; we change a quie lire for an ocean of troubles, we corne tq 
a tre'nous bouse, which beforo it be habitable, must be necessarily te our great 
dama0e repaired ; we are compelled te sue for dilapidations, or vise sued om'- 
selves, and scarce yet settled, we are called upon for our predecêssor's arrear- 
ages; first-fruits, tnths, subsidies, are instantly te be Paid, benevolence, pro- 
eurations, &c., and which is most te be feared, we light upon a cmcked title, 
as it befel Clenard, of Brabant, for his rectory and charge of his Begbu; he 
was no sooner inducted, but instantly aued, coepbnusque (¢saith he) stremd 
Il'Agate, sg implacabili belle con]ligere: st length, after ten years' suit, as long 
as Troy'a siege, when ho had tired himseli and apent his money, he wa faiu 
te leave all tbr quietneas' sake, and give it up te his adversary. Or else we m'e 
insulted over, and trampled on by domineering officers, fleeced by those greedy 
harpies te get more fees; we stand in fear of seine precedent lapse ; we tll 

«Euge bene, no need, Doua epod. llb. 2.---dos Ipa eientla ibique conglarlum est. fQuatuor ad porta 
Ecclcsias itus ad omnes; sanguinis attt Simonis, proesulis atqtte Dei. Holcot. • Lib. contra Gentite de 
I:abila martyre, b Prscribun¢ imperant, in ordinem Cogtmt, ingenium tlostrum prout tpsis videbituç, 
atringunt et relaxant ut papilionem ptteri sut bruchum file demittunt, sut attrahunt, uos  libidine sus 
pendere oequum cenentes. Hcinsitm. * Joh. 5. f Epist. lib. 2. Jam ttffe:tu in locttm deorth, 
ro|Mus exortus est adersariu &c. æ post multos lab.res, sumptus» 



lfem. 3.8ubs. 15.] 8tudg, a Cause. 

amongst refractory, sedifious seetaries, peevish puritans, perverse papists, a 
]ascivious rouf of atheistical Epicure.% that will notbe reformed, or some liti- 
gious people (those wild beasts of Ephesus must be fought wih) that will sot 
pay their due without mach repining, or compellcd bylong suit; 
oppialo festi, an old axiom, all they think well gotten that is had from the 
church, and by such uncivi], harsh dealings, they make their poor minister 
weary of his place, if no his lire; and put case they he quiet honest mes, make 
the best of if, as ofen if lhlls out, îrom a polite and terse academic, he musç 
tqrn rustic, rude, meLncholise alone, learn to forger, or elle, as many 
become maltsters, grazers, chapmen, &c. (now banished from the academy, ail 
c.ommeree of the muses, and contined to a country village, s Ovid was from 
}tome to Pontus), and daily converse with a company of idiots and dow».s. 
Nos interim quod attiser (nec enim immunes ab bac noxâ sumus) idem 
reatus rnanet, idem nobis, et si non mult5 gravbts, crimes objici potest : nostr5 
enim culpâ sit, nosgrâ incurie, nostrâ avaritiO, quSd tom fre9uentes, foedoe?ue 
.fiant in Ecclesi nunàinationes, temphtm est voenale, deusque) rot sordes inre- 
hantur, rasta grasset,te impietas, rasta nequltla, tare insanus miseriarum 
luripus, et tarbarmn æstuarium, nostro 5Tuam , omnium ( Academ(corum im- 
primis) vitio sit. Quod toi Resp. roulis alficiatur, à nob;s seminarium; ultrd 
raclure hoc accersimus, et quâvis contumdi, qtâvis interim mtseriâ digni, qui 
pro virili non occurrimus. Quid enim .fieri posse speramus, quum lot indies 
sine ddectu pauperes alumni, ¢erroe .fili, et cjgscunque ordines hom unciones ad 
gradus certatim admittantur? qui si dçfinitionem, distinctionemque unam sut 
alteram memoriter edidicerint, et pro more rot annos in dialectieâ posuerint, non 
refert quo profectu, qtales demum sint, idioter, nugatores, otlatores, aleatores, 
compotores, in,l£gni, libidinis votup.atum9ue administri, " Sponsi Penelopes, 
buloaes, Alciaoique»" mod rot annos in academiâ insumpserint, et sepro togatis 
venditârint; lucrieaus&, et «micorum intercessu præsentantur: addo etian 
et magnificis nonnunquam elogi£ç rnorura et scientioe : et jam valedicturi 
testlmonialibus hlsce iitteris, amplissim conscrlptis in eorum .qratiam hono- 
rantur, ab iii, qui .fidei suoe ct ,..&timatlonis jacuram procuhlublo facunt. 
Doctores enim et professore. (quod ait  ille) id mum curant, ut ex professio- 
nibus frequentibus, et tumultuariis potius quam legitimis, commada sus pro- 
moveant, et ex dispendiopublico suum faciant incrementum, ldsolum in lotis 
bent annni p[erumque mag[stratas, ut ab iacipientium n umero  pecunias em u 
gant, nec multum interest qui Mnt, literatores an literati, modd pingues, nitidi, ad 
aspectum speciosi, et qudd verbo dicam, pecttniosi sint.  Philosophastri licen- 
tiantur in artibus, artem qui non habent,  Eosque apientes esse jubeng, qui 
nu}l. prœediii sunt sapientia, e nihil ad gm«lum proeterquam relie adferm. 
Theologastri (solvant modo) satis supe, que docti, per otaries lmnorum 
evehuntur et ascendant. Arque hinc fit qtdd tare viles seurrer, tot passim idiotoe, 
literarum crepusculo Fositi, larvœe postorum, circumforanei, vagl, barbi, fungi, 
erozsi, asin i, merum pectts, in sacrosanctos th eologe aditas, illotispedibus ir r um- 
pont, prœeter inverecundam frontem adferentes nihil, vu/gares quasdam 9uis- 
quilias» et scholarium quoedam nu9amenta , indi9na quoe vel reeipiantur in 
tririi. Itoe illud indignum genus hominum et famelicum, indigum, vagum, 
ventri$ mancipium, ad stivam potitts relegandum, ad haras aptius quam ad 
aras, quod divinas hasce literds turpRer prostituit; bi sunt qui pulpita corn- 
1Ment, in edes nobil;um irrepunt, et quum reliquis virer destituantur subsidiis, 
oh eorporis et animi egestatem, aliarum in repub, partinm rninimè espaces 
Mnt; ad sacram hase anvhoram confugiunt, sacerdotium quovismodd vaptantes, 
non ex sinceritate, çuod  I)aulus ait, sed cauponantes verbum Del- Ne 9uis 



214 Causes of «llelanehohj. [Part. 1.8e. 9. 

i:terim vlrls bon;s detractum quld putet, quos habetecdesia A n9licana quampht- 
rimos, egregiè doctos, illustres, intactœe famce homines, et pluresJorsan quam 
qt«ceis Europce provhwia; ne ŒEuis à florentissimis ,'tcademiis, quce viros undi- 
quâque doctiçsimos, omni virtutum genere suspiciendos, aunde loroducunt. 
ultj plures utraque habitura, raulto ple»didior futura, si non hrsordes siolen- 
didum lumen ejus obfuscarett, obstaret corruptio, et cauioonantes 9urdam har- 
pjce, prol«tari?lue bonurn hoc nobis on inviderent. Nmo etim tare cœec[ 
mente, qti non hoc ipsur videat: nemo tare stolido ivgenlo, qui non intelligat; 
tare pertinocijudicio, qui non agnoscal , ab his idiotls circum.foraneis, sacram 
pollui Theolo9iam, ac ccelestes z[usas quas prophaum 9uiddar lrostitui. 
Viles animoe et effrontes (sic enim. Lutherus  alicubi ocat) lueelli eausa, ut 
muscoe ad mulctra, ad nobilium et heroum mensas ad volant, in spem saccrdofii, 
cujuslibet honoris, ojïeii, in quamvis aulam, urbern se ingerunt, ad quodt, is se 
ministerium componunt.. "Ut nervls alienis mobile hqnumDucitur" 
IIor. Lib. I[. Sat. 7. * oi«m sequenes, psittseorum more, in proedoe 
spem quidvis efftttiunt: obsecundantes Parasiti (Erasmus ait) quidvis doeent, 
dicunt, scribunt, sudent, et contra conseientiam probant, non ut salutarem red- 
dant gregera, sed ut magnificam sibi parent fortunam, a Opiniones quasvis et 
decretacontra verbum I)eiastruunt, ne non offendantpatronum, scd ut retineant 
£vorem procerum, et populi plausum, sibique ipsis opes accumulent. Eo etenim 
plerunque attimo ad Tkeologiam accedunt, non ut rem divinara, sed ut suam 
Jàciant; nonad Ecclesicel, onumpromovendum, sed expilandum; quœerentes, quod 
Paulus ait, non ClUoe 3esu ChrisLi, sed quoe sua, non domini thesaurum, sed ut 
Mbi, suistltte thesaurizent. Nec tanturn iis, qui viIioris fortunœe, et abjectoe 
sortis sut, hoc in usu et : sed et medios, summos, elatos, 
scopos, hoc malum invasit. "" Dicite, ponti)qccs, in sacrls 9uid facit aurum' 
• summos soepe viros transversos agit avariLig, et qui reIiquis orum proLitate 
prwlucercnt; hi facem proeferunt ad ,.imoniam, et in corruttionis hunc scout. 
l«m impingentes, non tondent pecus, »ed deglubunt, et quocunque se coferunt, 
expilant, exhaur[unt, abrodunt, nagnu famw suce, si on animce nauJragiurn 
facientes; ut non ab imis ad summos, sed h summis ad (njmos nalum pro- 
manâsse videatur, et illud verum sit quod ille olim luslt, emerat ille prius, vert- 
dere jure potest. Simoniaeus enim (quod cure Leone dicam) gratiam non 
accepit, si non accipit, non habet, et si non habet, nec gratus potest esse 
tantum en ira absunt istorum nonnuili, qui ad clavum sedent, à Fromovendo rdi.- 
eluos , ut penitus impediant, probk sibi conscil, 9uibus artibus illic pervenerint. 
• am qui oh literas emersisse illos credat, desipit; qui veto ingenii, eruditio- 
nis, experientioe, probitatis, pietatis, et 1Kusarum id esse pretium putat (quod 
olim reverâ.]uit, hodiè lo'ornittitur) planissimè insanit. Utcungue vel undecun- 
(le rnalum hoc originem ducat, non ultra çuceram, ex ]iis lorlmordiis coe]it viti- 
orum colluvies, omnis calamita$, omne miseriarum agmen in Eccleslam inve. 
hitur. Itinc tam frequens sîmwtia, hic ortce querelce, fraudes, impostttrce, 
hoc fonte se derivârunt omnes nequltiœe. Ne uid obiter àica de ambitione 
adulatione plusquam aulicâ, ne tristi domicoenio laborençde luxu, de foedo non- 
",,unquam vitce exemplo, quo nonnuiios offendunt, de compotatione 'gbaritic 
&c. h inc ille squalor academicus, tràstes hse tempestate Camerme, quum çuivis 
homunculus, artium i9narus, his artibus assuruat , hunc in modum promota$wr 
et ditescot, ambitiosis appellationibus insignis, et multis di9nitatibus augustts 
t, uIui ocuIos perstringat, benk se habeat, et grandia gradiens raajestatem quart- 
data ac amplitudinem lor ce se ferens, rniramque solicitudinem, barbâ reverendu, 
togâ nitidus, purpurâ coruscus, supeilectilis splendore, et famulorura 
maximk conspicuus. Quales statuœe (quod ait « ille) quoe sscri in oed]bu 

Comment. In GaL • Helnsius. P EccIe2/a.. q Luth. tu Gal. t_Pst's. S&t.2. sgalln 
S. h[enip, t Budeu de  lib. . 



Iem. 3. Subs. 15.] 8tudy, a Cause. 

columnis imponuntm; velut oncri cedentes videntm; ac si insudarent, quum 
rever' sensu sint carentes, et nihil saxeam adjurent firmitatem : atlantes vidert 
vo[itnt, quum si«t stat«œe lapldeæ, umbrati[es reverâ hom «»ciones, f ungl, f.,rsar, 
et bard nihil à saxo d.fferentes. Qmtm itterim docti viri, et vitce sanctioris 
ornamentis proediti, qui oestum diei sustlnent, his iniqnâ sorte Sel'riant. minimo 
.tbrsan salario contenti, puris nominibus nuncupati, humiles, obsc«rL mMtoque 
dijulores llcet, egentes, inhonorati vitam privam privatam a.qant, temd7ue 
sepulti sacerdotio, vel in collegiis suis in oeternum incareerati, in.qloriè dehes- 
cmd. Sed nolo diutius banc movere sentlnam, bine illœe lachroe, 
nusarum habitus,  hlnc ipsa religio ( quod cure Se¢ellio dicara ) in ludibrium eg 
contmptum adduciur, abjectum sacerdotium (arque hœec ubi.fiunt, auslm 
dicere, et putl dtm putidi dicterium de clero usurpare) pugidum vulgus, inops 
rude, sordidum, melancholicum, raiserum, deslicabile , contemnendum, • 

* As for ourselves (for nelther are we free om thls anlt) the saine gallt, the ssme crime, may be obJectcd 
agalnst n : for Il is through out fault, negligence, and avarice, that en many and nuch shameful corrnp= 
tionn occur in the ehurch (both the temple and the Dtity are offered for nain), that such sordidncss 
introdnced" nuch impiety committed, such wickedness, nuch a mad gdf of wretchedness and irreglarity 
these I say arien from ail our faults, but more particulariy from ours of the Untversity. We are the nursery 
in which hose iiln are bred with which the ntate in affiicted; we voluntarily introdnce them, and are deSel'ving 
ni every opprobrum and nufferng, nince we do hOt afterwards encounter them ccording in our ntrength. 
For what better can we expect when en many poor, begarly fellows, men of every order, are redily and 
withoug elcction, admitted in degrces  Who, if they can only commit to memory a few dcflnitlons and 
divisions, and pass the customary perlod in the ntudy of logies, no malter wtth what cffct, 'htever 
thcy prove in be idiot triflern, idlers, gamblers, ente, eensualists, 
Umere clpher in the book of lire 
Like those who bcldly woo'd Uly." mire; 
lqorn in consume the fruits ofearth : in truth, 
A vain and idle as Pheacla'n youth;" c]y]etthemhavepsedtheetipulatedperlodin theUniverity, andprofeedthemse|ves co|leglan: elther 
for the nake of profit, or threugh the influence of their fi'iends, they obtain a presentatlon; nay, nometimes 
even arcompanled by brilliant eu]ogies upon their morale and acquirements; and when they are about to 
take leave, they are honoured with the mont flatterlng litcrary testimoniale in their favour, by those 
undonbtedly nustain a loss of reputation in granting them. For d»etors and professor (as an author sayn) 
are anxious bout nue thlng only, riz., that out of their varionn caBingn they may promnte their ovr 
advantage, and couvert the publie loss into their private gainn. For ont annual off]cern wih this ouly, that 
thone who commence, whether they are taught or nntaught le of no moment, nhal be aleek, fat, pigeons, 
worth the plucking. The _Philonophastic are admitted to a degree in Art.% because they bave no acquain 
anen with them. And they are desired to be wise men, because they are endowed with no wisdom, and 
bring o qualification for a degree, except the vieh in bave il. The Theologastic (only let them pay) thrcn 
lcarned, are promoted to every academic houour. Hence il le that no many vile buffoons, an many idiots 
cverywhe.-'e, placed in the twilight of letters, the mere ghosts of sholars, wanderers in the market plce, 
vagrants, barbel$, munhreom$, dolts, asses, a growUng herd, with unwashed feet, break into the ascred 
i,rcclnctn of theology, brining nothing aiong with thcm but an impudent ff'ont, home vlgar trifles and 
foolinh echolatlc teehnicaitties, unworthy of respect even ai the cros8ing of the hlghwayn. Thin le the 
unworthy, vagrant, voluptnoU race, fitter for the hog-sty (haram) than the altar (aram), that basely prOs- 
titnte divine literature; these are they who flll the pulpits, ereep into thepa]aees of our nobility aller ail 
other prospcctn of existence rail them, owing to their imbecility of body and mind, and thcir being incapable 
of nuntaining any other parts in the commonwea]th; to this nacred refuge they ff)3 undertaking the office 
er the ministry, hot from sincerity, but as St. Paul eaye, huckstering the word of GooE Let hot any 
nue nuppose that il in here intended to detract from thase many exemplary men of which the Church of 
England may boust, learned, eminent, and of spotless faine, for they are more humerons la that than in any 
othcr chureh of Europe : nor from those mont learned universities whieh constantly eend forth men 
endued wlth every form of vit'tue. And thee eminaries would produee a ntill greater number of lnesti- 
rahle scholar hereafter if ««roEidnesa did hot obscure the eplendioE light, corruption interrupt, anoE certain 
truekling harpies and beggar envy them their usefulne. Nor eau any nue be o blind asnot in pereeivo 
thin--any o ntolld as hot to undertand it--any o pervele 
been contammated by those notoriou idiots, and the celestial Muse treated with profnity. Vile and 
bam¢le nouln (nayn Luther) for the nake of gain, like flics to a milk-pail, orowd round the tables tf tho 
nobiIAty in expectation of a church Bvin¢:. any office or houour, 
te accept of any employment that may offer. 
"A thing of wood and wh'es by other played." 
Following the paste as the parrot, they cintrer out any thing in hopes of reward 
Kranmu, teach, eay, write, a(lmire, approve, contrary in their couvcitton, anything you piease, hot in benefit 
the peopie but to lmprove their own fortunes. They subscribe to any opinionn and deeisionn contrary to 
the wor¢! of God" that they may hot offenoE thetr patron but retain the favour of the great, the applause of 
the multitude, and thereby aequlre riches for themnelves; for they approach Thcology, hOt that they may 
perform a naered duty, but make a fortune: hot to promote the interner ofthe church, but to pillage il: 
eeking, as Paul eay$, hot the thing which are of Jesus Christ, but what may be their own : hot the treasure 
ci their Lord, but the enrlchment of themelves and their follower. Nor dons this evtl belong to thone of 
humhler birth and fort'unes on]y, |t posees the m|ddie and higher rauk, biahopn excepled. 
« 0 Pon fifre, tell the efl]eascy of gold in aered matter I" Avarice of leu lead the highest men astray, and 
mon, a(lmirable In all other repeets : thee flnd a aalvo for nimony; and, ntriking againnt thin rock of 
corruption, they tin uni nhear but flay the flockl and, wherever they tenta, piunder, exhaust, raze, making 
hipwreck of their reputation, if hot of their noul also. Hence il appears that this malady 

* Lib. de rep. Gsloram.  Campian. 



o_1 Cavaea of JIda»cl,,' a. [ParL 1. Sec. . 

f:nrn tle lmmhleçt fo the hihe «]-«e.% but vice «8, sn tat the max;m 
" he botght firȂ therefure h the bt right to sell." For a Simoni tthat I Iy ue the phrolo of 
Lc) h hot rccet'e a ft'our: slnce e h hot rele one he do hot poe one; an sinoe e do hot 
p«,ss one he anot confer one. So fr inde are some of those who are placed at the helm om 
promoting otherN that thcy conplctely obsct them, om a conscion ofthe means by which theelvm 
obtained the hono. For he who lmtn that they emerged from their obsHty through their leaing,  
deceived; indoed, whoevcr euppos promotion to be the reward of geni edition, experienc probi«y. 
pie, and poet (which focrly w the e, but now-&3-s is only pmised) i evldently denffcd. 
liow or when this y mmenceoE I ahaU not furter inquire; t from the bnnln, thie 
tion ofwc, 1 ber lamiti and i have bn brought upon the Chch; hence such equent nets of 
eimony, complaint fraud, impostufrom this one fountain spring ail its nspio iniquiti. I shall 
not pr the qutlon of ambition and tly fl'ttteT, lt they my be chagfied about luxuw, be 
exampl of lif which offend the honÇ wanton drinking parti, &c. 
equalor, hc m now look s. since evew low fel:w lorant of the 
promotc and grm  rich, dtlnished by ambitio 
hows him to the lgar, and by his stately can'ie display a sp of major, a remarhle solicitud 
lctting do a flowing bcar decked in  brilliaut toga rlendent with pml d rpected ao on 
account of the splendour of his hoehold and nnmb of hic scr an. There are ain stu placed in 
tacred efices that secm to stnk under their 1o, and lmost to persplr when in reality they are void of 
nsatio and do hot nbnte to the sny etability, eo th en would wish to look like Atl when 
they a no bettcr than statues of ston insigniflcant ecbs, ngs, dolt little different om atone_ 
leanwbile rlly leaed men, endowed with ail that n o a holy lif men who bave ended th heat 
vflnid-day, by eome jt lot obey the dzar content probably th a miserable , kno' by 
honct appellations, humbl obsc althoh eminently wohy, noedy, lding a private life without 
houour, buried alive  me poor bcnefl or incarcerated for ever In thelr eollege chamberN lying hid 
i,tglooly. ut I ara unwilling o stir thie sink any longer or any deeper; hence those te this melan- 
cho]y habit ofthe m; hence (that I may sak with Secelli) is It that religion is brought into dis- 
rcpute and contemp and the prithd abjt (and sinee this is s I mt speak out du the thy 
witticm of e thy) a fœetid crow pr» sordi melancholy» rebl dicgblç œeenmptlble. 

IEIB. IV. 
SCBSV.C. I.--IVon-necessary, 'ernoe, outward, adveitu,  accnt 
ca : as firs fro» t 
OF Chose remot outward, amient, nece uæs, I bave suclent]y 
icoud i the poeoedent memer, the non-neoery fvllow; of which, ith 
"Fuchsius, no art OEn be ade, by reason of their unoeainty, ualty, and 
multitude; so called "hot neoesW" beoEuse aoeordlng to ffi Fernelius, "they 
may be avoide, l, and used withot neity." [any of the aidental 
causes, which I all entrent ofhe, might bave well been reduced go the for- 
meL because they OEnnot be avoided, but faEy happen to us, though acci- 
denta]ly, ald unawas, at some tinle or other: tire rt aoe contingent and 
nevitable, and more properly inrted h this nk ofoEes. To reckon up 
all is a thing impossible; of some therefore most remarkable of these contin- 
gent causes which produce mclanchoIy, I wHl briefly spk and h their ordeç 
From a child's nativity, the first fil accident that OEn like]y befall him in this 
kind is a bad nuée, by whose means alone he may be taind with this Ymadv 
fr,,m his cmdle, Aulus Gd]ius l. 12. c. 1. bgs in Phavorinus, that eloquet 
philosopher, proving this at large, "%hat there  the samc rtue and propey 
in the milk  in the sd, and hot in mcn alone, but in aH other crtuoes; he 
gives instance in a kid d Iamb, ifeither ofthem suck ofthe other's mi the 
lamb of the goat's, or the kid of the ewe' the wool of the otm will he hd, 
and the ha of the other sofa." Girald Ca»ne Itirar. Car, l. 1. 
c. 2. confirms th by a notable example whlch happened in his rime. A sow- 
pig by chanoe sucked a bch, and when she w gro, "" would mculoly 
hunt ail manner of deer, and that  weH, or ther berger, than any ohary 
hound." ]is conclusion is, "bthat nmn ad beasts paicipate of ber nature 
awl conditions by who mi they are fed." Phvorin rg if fher, and 
dem«,nstrates it more edently, that if a nurse be "mhapen, chte, 
• Froem. ]lb. 2. 'uHa arc eonii potest. ,LIb. 1. e. 19. de morbm eais. Qu dec]arc ]loet 
ant nulle nitate utimur, • Quo mel t Imbuta recens abit odorem T di Hor. t Sieur 
valet ad fingend coos nique ami similidin vb et haïra miniN sic quoque ]is ppet. 
eque id in hominib solum, ced in pecndib animadveum. Nain ci ovium lacte h aut capram 
ai a]crentnr, constat fie In his ianam dom, In  capillnm gii veorem. a Adta in 
feram persuntione  miracum ue eax.  Tare animal qdlit qm homo, ab illl cue 
lacte nutrir, naturam contrahit, • Improb infois, impui temeu au & quoni  
oribue effooEan maam  ptem ingenium a]icil t nata lac tenct. 



Mem. 4. Subs. 1.] Nurse, a Cause. 217 

dishonest, impudent, %ruel, or the like, the child tlxt sucksupon her breast will 
be se tooï ail other affections of the mind and diseuses are almost ingrafted, 
as it were, and imprlnted into the temperature of the infant, by the nursc's 
railk; as pox, Icprosy, melancholy, &c. Cato for seine such reason would 
make his servants' ehildreu suck upoa his wife's hreast, because by that meatts 
they would love him and his tho better, and in all likelihood agree with them. 
A more evident exemple that the minds are altered hy milk cannot he given, 
than that of "Dieu, whieh he relates of Caligula's cruelty; it could neither ho 
imputed te father ner mother, but te his cruel nurse alerte, that anointed ber 
paps with blood still 'hen he sucked, xvhich ma,le him such a murderer, and fo 
express ber cruelty te a huit: and that of Tiherius, who was a common 
drunkard, because his nurse was such a one. tsi delirafuerit (toue observes) 
infantulum delirura facig, if she be a fool or dolt, the child she nurseth wfll 
take ufter ber, or otherwiso be misaffected ; vhich Franciscus Barbarus, l. 2. 
¢. ulg. de, re uxorld, proves af full, and Ant. Guivarra, lib. 2. de, M«rco A urdlo : 
the child will surely participate. For hodily sickness the is no douht te ho 
ruade. Titus, Vespasiau'a son, was therefore siekly, becauae the nurse was se, 
Lampridius. And ifwe may believe physiciens, many rimes ehildren catch tho 
pox frein a had nurse, Botaldus, cap. 61. de luv vener. Besides evil attendance. 
negligence, and manygross inconveniences, which are incident te nurses, muca 
danger may se corne te the chiloE For these causes Aristotle, Polit. lib. 7. 
e. 17. lhavorinus and Marcus Aure|ius xvould net bave a child put te nurse, ai 
all, but every mother te brig up ber own, of what condition soever she be ; 
for a sound and able mother te put o!t ber child o nurse, le naturw intemFerles , 
se * Guatso ca]Lu if, 'tis fit there£ore she should be nurse herself; the mother 
will he more careful, Ioving, and attendaat, than any servile woman, or such 
hired creatures; this ail the world ackowledgeth, convenientissimum est (as 
Rod. à {astro d at. mulierum, lb. 4. c. 12. in many words confesseth) 
marrera ipsam lacta'e infatem, "It is most fit that the mother should suckle 
ber own infant"---who denies that it should be so?--aad which seine 
most curiously observe ; amongst the test, that queen of France, a Spaniard 
by birth, that was se precise and zcalous in this behaff, that when in her 
absence a strange nurse had suckled ber child, she was never quiet till she had 
ruade the infant vomir it up again. ]ut she was too jealous. If it be se, as 
many rimes it is, they must be put forth, the mother be net fit or well able te 
be a nurse, I would then advise such mothcrs, as Plutarch doth in his book de 
liber educandls, and k S. tierom, li. 2. epist. 27. Zev de, institut..fil. Mag- 
zinus part. 2. _Reg. sanit, cap. 7. and the said Rodericus, that they mal:e 
ch,)me of a sound woman, of a good complexion, honest, free frein bodi|y dis- 
eases, if it be possible, all passions and perturbations of the mind, as sorrow, 
leur, grief, ffolly, melancholy. :For such passions corrupt the milk, and alter 
the temperature of the child, which new being  Udum et molle luxure, "a 
moist and sort clay" is easily seasoued and perverted. And if such a nurse 
may be round out, that will be diligent and careful withal, let Phavorinus and 
M. Aurelius plead how they can against it, I had rather accept of ber in seine 
cases than the mother herself, and which Bonacialus the physicien,/çic. Biesius 
the politician, lib. 4. de repub, cap. 8. approves, " Some nurses are much te 
be preferred te seine mothers." :For why may net the mother be naught, a 
peevish drunken flirt, a waspish choleric slut, a crazed piece, a fool (as many 
mothers are), unsound, as soon as the nurse] There is more choice of nurses 

a Hlreanoeque admrnnt ubera TIgre Vtrg. ,Llb. 2. de (oesarlbus. «Beda, e. 27. 1.1. Ec¢les. h/st. 
zNe insifivo lactis alimento degeneret corpus, et animne corrurnpatur. *Lib. 3. de civ. convers 
• Stephanus. ' To 2. lutrices non quasvis, sed maximè probas delig4mUS, a lutrix non rot leiva 
eut rem ulent&, nier.  Prohibendum ne etolida I scier, m Pers.  Nutrices interdum matribu 
sunt rneliores. 



18 6'auses of.,l[danclg. [Part 1. Sec. 

than mothers; and therefore except the mother be most virbuous, staid, a 
woman of excellent good parts, and of a sound complexion, I would have all 
children in such cases eommitted to discreet strangers. Aud 'ris the only way; 
as by marriage they are ingrafted to other families to alter the brced, or if 
any thing be amiss in the mother, as Ludovicus Mcrcatus contends, Tom. 2. lib. 
de "awrb. hcered, to prevent diseases and future maladies, to correct and qualiîy 
the child's ill-disposed temperature, which he had from his parents. Thia 
m an excellent remedy» if good choice be ruade of such a nurse. 
StrSFCr. II.--Edacation a Cause of J[dancholy. 
EDVc.*.ao, of these accidental causes of /Ielancholy, may justly challenge 
the next place, for if a man escape a bad nurse, he may be undone by evil 
bringing up. *Jason Pratensis purs this of education for a principal cause; 
bad parents, step-mothers, tutors, masters, teoehem, too rigorou, too severe, 
too remiss or indulgent on the other side, are often fountains and furtherers 
of this disease. Parents and such as bave the tuition and oversight of children, 
offend many rimes in that they are too stern, alvays threatening, chiding, 
brawling, whipping, or striking; by means of which their poor chfldren are so 
disheartened and cowed, that they never after bave any COUlage, a merry hour 
in their lires, or take pleasure in any thing. There is a great moderation tobe 
had in such things, LS matters of so great moment to the making or mm-ring 
a child. Some fright their children with beggars, bugbears, and hobgoblins, if 
they cry, or be otherwise unruly: but they are much to blame in if, many 
times, saith Lavater, de spectris, part 1. cap. 5. ex metu in morbos graves ineb- 
dun et noctu dormientes clamant, for fear they fall into many diseases, and cry 
out in their sleep, and are much the worse for if ail their lires: these thing 
ought hot af all, or to be sparingly done, and upon just occasion- Tyrannical, 
impatient, hare-brained schoolmasters, ar/di mag/s, so * Fabius terres them 
Ajacesflagdliferi, are in this kind as bad as hangmen and executioners, they 
make many chfldren endure a martyrdom all the while they are af school, with 
bad dmt, if they board in thetr bouses, too much severity and iii-usage, they 
quite pervert their temperaturo of body and mind: still chiding, railing, 
frowaaing, lashing, tasking, keeping, that they arefracti animis, moped many 
rimes weary of their lires,  imia severitate de.ficiunt et desperan$, and think 
no slavery in the world (as once I did myself) like to that of a grammar 
scholar. Prceceporum ineptiis dlscrucianur ingenia puerorum, * saith Eras- 
mus, they tremble at his voice, looks, eoming in. St. Austin, in the first book 
of his cooEess, et 4. ca. calls this schooling meticulosam necessitatem, and els 
where a martyTdom, and confesseth of himself, how cruelly he was tortured in 
mind for learning Greek, nulla verba noveram, et scevis trroribus et poenis, tu 
ssem, instabatur mih vehemerder, I knew nothing, and with cruel terrom and 
punishment I was dafly compelled, • Beza complains in like case of a rigorou» 
uchoo!master in Paris, that ruade him by his continual thunder and threat 
once m a mind t9 drown himself, had he hOt met by the way with an uncle oI 
his that vindicated him frora that misery for the rime, by taking him to 
his bouse. Trincavellius, l/b. 1. cons//-. 16. had a patient nineteen years ol 
age, extremely melancholy, oh nlmiura studium, Tarvitii  prw.cepknis mnas, 
by reason of overmuch study, and Iris «tutor's threats. Many masters are 
hard-hearted, and bitter to their servants, and by that me.ans do so deject, with 
terrible speeches and hard usage so crucify them, that they become desperate» 
and can never be recalleoE 

 Lz-o. de morbis capltls, cap. de manla; Haud postrema eansa supputatur educatio, Inter ha menti$ 
ala]ienationis eausa& lnjusta noveroE * Lib. 2. cap. 4. " Idem. Et quod maxlmè nocet, dura iu 
Ieneris ita riment nihil conantur, •" The pnpii's faett]Ùe are perverted by the lndlereÙon of the 
m&ter."  Proefat. ad Testam. PIua ment iedaogic, o euper¢ilio abatulit qu,m nnqna 
preceti ms eapieti iastillavit. 



Others again, in that opposite extreme, de as great harm by t?aeir too much 
remissness, they give them no briuiu up, no calliu te busy themselves 
about, or te lire in, teach them no trade, or set them in any good course ; by 
menus of which their servants, children, scholars, are earried away with that 
stream of drunkenness, idleness, gaming, and muny such irregular courses, that 
in the end they rue it, curse their parents, and mischief themselves. Too 
much indulgence caus¢th the like, inelata partis lenitas efacilitasprava, when 
as Mitio-like, with too much liberty and too great allowance, they feed their 
childrenh humours, let them revel, wench, riot, swagger, and do what they 
will themselces, and then punish them with noise of musicians; 
"'Ob$onet. potet, oleat unguenta de meo ; 
Amat t dabitur h me argenture ubi erit commodum. 
Fores effregit t rcstituentur : descidit 
Vestem t reaarcietur.Fclat quod lubet, 
Sumat, censurant, perdat» decretum est pari." 
]3ut as Demeo told him,  llum corrumpi snG, your lenitywill be hlsnndoing, 
proevfder videor jam dm llum, qzum hic egens profgie aliqud miIRatum, 
foresee his ruin. Se parents often err, many fond mothers especially, dote se 
much upon their children, like «/EoI)'s ape, till in the end they crush them go 
death, Corporum nutri¢es animarum novercee, pampering up their bodie te the 
uudoing of their seuls; they will net let them be °corrected or controlled, but 
still soothed up in every thing they de, that in conclusion "they bring sorrow, 
sham¢, heviness go their parents, (Ecclus. cap. xx 8, 9,) become wanton, 
stubbora, wilful, and disobedient ; rude, untaught, headstrong, incorrigible, 
and graceless;" "they love them se foolihly," sith "Cardan, "that they 
ruther seem te hate them, bringing them net up go virtue but iujury, net te 
lcrning but te fier, net te sober life and conversation, but te ail pleasure and 
licentious behaviour." Who is ho of se little experience that knows net this 
of Fabius go be true  ""Education is another nature, altering the mind and 
will, and I would go God (sith he) we ourselves did net spoil out chfldren's 
manners, by out overmuch cockeriug and nice education, and wcaken tho 
strenh of their bodiea and miud¢ thag causcth custom, custom nature," 
For these causes Plutarch in his book de lib. educ. and tierom, epis, l[b. 1. 
epist. 17. te Levta de institut.filin, gives a most espe¢ial charge go all parents, 
m,l many good cautions about bringing up of chitdren, ht they be net com- 
mitted te mdiscreet, passionate, bedlam tutors, light, giddy-headed, or coetous 
persons, and spare for no cost, ¢hat they may be well nurtured and taught, 
being a marrer of se great consequence. For such parents as de otherwise 
lluta«ch esteems of them "rthat are more careful of their shoes than of their 
fcet," that rate their wealth above their chfldren. And he, saith "Cardan, 
"that lcaves his son te a covetous schoolmaster te be informed, or go a close 
Abbey go fast and learn wisdom together» doth no other, thaa tlt ho be 
learaed fool, or a sickly wise mn." 

Smscr. III.Terrors and Affrights, Causes of Mdaholy. 
TOEv, in the fourth of his Tculans, distguhes the terrors which 
aroEe from he apprchensioa of some terrible objet heard or secn» kom other 
•Ter. Adeph. . 4. • Idem. Act. !. e. 2. '« Let hIm f dn e hImself t my exp: 
lin be in love, I shall su]y him with money. H he broken  the gat  they shaR ho repaired. 
ho to hls gaen t they shaH be placed. t him de what he ple k end, wt I ara rolved 
t, ubmit. t Camerari em. 7. nt.  bath elegautly exr it au emblem, perdit amudo, &c. 
al'ro¢, xliL . «' He that areth the rod hat h son." -Lib. 2. de conl. Tare sttè puo$ 
diligimnt odie pofi vidmur, illos non ad vt d ad ]uriam, non  editionem sed ad 
luxure, n  virtutem  volupm eduut, • Li. l. c. . Kdutio alta at alterat animos 
et vointat arque nflnam 0nquit) Iiberom noomor non Ipal perder, qu infantiam 
oetatim deliciia solm : moHior i$ta ed«catio, quam dgentiam ¢ocam neos omn et mentis et 
eoos 5"ant; fit ex h consnemdo, lnde haïra.  Pede it ac  quts de cceo sit soli, 
dem nihil cnret. J¢en. ii pa minns oet quam flll, • Lib. 3. de plent : qui avales 
poedgis pucros alendoe danh  cos  oenobfl$ jejunare  et pc» ni d agç nisi 
elnt v non sine ettitia erut v non a vit sapient. 



220 Çaea of 3Ielancho?,j. [Part. 1. Sec. -'2. 

fears,-an,1 te doth Patritius, lib. 5. Tir. 4. de recfia institut. Of ail fears they 
are raost pernicious and violent, and se suddenly alter the whole temperature 
of the body, more the seul and spirits, strike such a àeep impression, that the 
parties con noyer be recovereà, causing more grievous and fiercer melancholy, 
• as Felix Plater, c. 3. dementis alienat. "speaks out of his experience, thon any 
inward cause whatsoever : and imprints itself se forcibly in the spirits, brain, 
humours, that if ail the mass of blood were let out of the body, it coulà hardly 
be extracteà. This horrible kind of melancholy (for se ho terms it) haà been 
oftenbroughtbefore him, and troubles and affrights commonlymen and women, 
young and old of ail sorts." * iIereules de Saxonia calls this kinà of melan- 
choly (ab agitatio spirituum) by a peculiar home, it cornes from the atation, 
motion, contraction, dilatation of spirits, net frein any àistemperature of 
humours, and produceth strong effects. This terrer is most usually causeà, 
as lalutarch will bave, "frein some imminent danger, when a terrible object 
is at hand," hearà, seen, or conceiveà, "truly appearing, or in a ddream : 
and many times the more sudden the accident, it is the more violent. 
" t Star terror animls, et cor attonltum slit, 
Paidumque trepidis palpitat veni jecur." I "Thelr soul's ttffright, their beart ttmazed quakes 
The tremblJng liver pants i'th" veins and aclaes." 
Arthemedorus the grammarlan lest his wita by the unexpected sight of a 
crocodile, Laurentius, 7. de melan, °The massacre at Lyons, 1572, in the reiga 
of Gharlea IX., waa se terrible and fearful, that many ran mad, some died, 
great-bellied women were brought te bed before their time, generally all 
atfrighged aghast, hIany loso their wits "tby the sudden sight of seine spec 
tttm or devil, a thing very common in all ages, aaith Lavater, part l. cap. 9. 
as Orestes did at the sight of the Furies, which appeared te him in black (as 
 Pausnias records). The Greeks oall them/of/0),Z«t, which se terrify 
their seuls, or if hey be but affrighged by seine counterfeit devils in jest, 
 § ut puerl trepidut, arque omnl 
In teaelaria metuunt " as children in the dark conceivWhobgoblina, and are se afraid, they are 
the worse for it all their lives. Seine by sudden rires, earthquakes, inundations, 
or anysuch dismal objects : Themison the l,hysician fell into a hydrophobia, 
by seeing one sick of that disease : (Diosct,.-ides, l. 6. c. 33.) or by the sight of 
a monster, a oarease, they are disquieted many mont.ha following, and canner 
endure the room where a corpse hath been, for a world would net be alono 
xvith a dead man, or lie in that bed many years after in wtfich a man hath died. 
• At sBasil many little children in the spring time went te gather flowers in 
a meadow at the town's end, where a malefactor hung in giblmts; ail gazing at 
if, one by chance flung a atone, and ruade if stir, by which accident, the childrcn 
affrighted tan away ; one slower thon the rest, looking back, and seeing 
stirred carcase wag towarda her, cried out if came after, and was se terribly 
affrighted, that for many daya she could net rest, eat, or sleep, she could 
be pacified, but melancholy, died. In the same town another child, beyond 
the Rhine, saw a grave opened,and upon the sight of a carcase, was se troubled 
in mind that she cotfld net be comforted but a little after departed, and 
• Terrer et metua maxlm ex Improvise aeceitentes Ira anlmttm eommovent, nf aplrltua nunquam reenperent, 
grvioremque tnelancholiam terrer fait, o,nm qu ah tuteraa eauaa fit. Impressio tm fortis in spiritibu 
lmmoribnsque eerebrl, ut extracta tota tanguinea mana, oegre exprimatar, et baec bonoenda peciea melan- 
tholioe froquenter oblata mihi. omnea exercena vites, Juvenes, senea. *Tract. tic melon, cap. "/. 
ab intemperie, sed a4ittione, dilatatione, oontractione, moto spirituum, • Lib. de fort. or vit'tut. ,Mex. 
proeaertirn lneunte perieulo, ubi resprope adaunt terribilea. «Fit a viaione horrenda, rever apparente 
vel per insomula, Plterus. « A painter's wife in Bil Ig00. $omuisvit 111iutn bello mortuurn, 
Melancholica consolsri nolalt. " Senec. Herc. Oet. « Quart& pars Comment. de statu religionis in 
Gallia sub Carolo 9. 1572. t Ex occursu doemonum allqul furore corripinntur, et experientia notum est. 
$ Lib. 8. In Arcad. § Lucret. s Puelloe extra urbem In preto concm'rentes, &c. mcesta et melancholi«a 
domum redilt per dies aliq,mt vexata, dura mort-us est. Plater. Altera trans-Rhenana ingresas epul- 
©hrm recens aperturn, vitlit cadaver, et Iomum sublto reversa putavit eam vocare, post paucos dies obiit 
proximo sepulchro coilocata. Altera patibulum sero proeteriens, metuebat ne urbe exclusa illic pernoctare 
uade rnelanchollc lacis, per multos annos labor&vit. Plsteru. 



ws burled up. Platerus, observa. L l, a gentlewoman of the saine ciy sa 
a «t bog cut up, when he entrai were opened, and a noisome savour oended 
ber nose, e much mled, d would hOt longer abide: a physician in 
prnoe tdd ber,  that hog, so w she, full of filthy exerements, and aggra- 
vad the matter bysome other loathsome stanees, insomuch this niee gentle- 
woman appreheuded it so deeply, that she fe forthwith a-vomiting, was so 
mightily distempered in mind and body, that with MI s a and peuasions, 
for me months after, he oeuld hot rtore her fo helfagain, she oed hot 
forget it, or remove the objeoE out of ber sight, I&m. Iany nnot endure to 
see a wound oned, but they are offended: a man exoeuted, or labour of any 
feafful disse,  poession, apoplexies, one bewitehed;  or if they rd by 
choe of me terrible thing, the symptoms alone of such a disea, or that 
whieh they dislike, they are iustantly troubled  mind, agbast, ready to apply 
it to thelv, they are  much qeted as if they had n it, or were so 
affeeted themselv. Het i vtur somne, they dream and eonti- 
nlly think of it.  lamentable effets are ed by such teible objects 
heard, rd, or n, aus mamos t in rpe f, as  Plutaoeh 
hd, no oen makes eater altemtion of body and mind: sudden sech 
sometimes, expd news, be they good or bad, priva min at, will 
more m much, atimun oue, et  s  je, as a  philosopher 
ob, w take away ot sloep and appeti, turb and quite overturn 
Let them bear tnem that have heard tho tmgioE1 alams, ouries, hideous 
noises, which are many tim suddenly hrd lu the dead of the night by 
itption of enemies and aoeidental rires, &c., those  panic fea, wch often 
drive men out of thek wits, bereave them of sense, detanding and ail some 
for a rime, some for their whole hves, they uever cover it. The  5Iianites 
were so affrighted by Gideos soldie they bag but every one a pitcher; 
and * Hannibal's army by ch a nic fear was dod at the wal of 
ome. Austa Lira hearing a few tragical vers recited out of VirgH, 
J[arc , &c., fell do dd in a sw«on. Edinus ng of Denmark, by 
a suddcu sound which he heard, " * w tued into fu with all his men," 
Cranzius, l. 5, Dan. hisa et Aw ab Aaro l. 3. c. 5. Amatus 
Litan had a patient, that by reason of bad tidings became epileptic, 
2. ra 90, Card stil, l. 18, w one that lost his wits by mtang of an 
echo. If one nse aloue OEn OEu such violent oemmotio of the mind, what 
may we thi when hring, sight, and those other senses are all troubled af 
onoe  by some emhquakes, thunder, lightning, mpests, &c. At Boloa 
in Italy, Anno 1504, there w sucha fearful earthquake about eleven o'clock 
in the night ( v Beroald,  his b»ok  terroe tu, bath commeuded to pos- 
terity) that ail the city trembled, the people thought the world w at an end, 
actum  rtalus, such a frfid noise, it ruade such a detestable sme, the 
inbitants were infinitely affrighted, and some n mad. Audl rem atm«m, et 
anl mam (mine author adO), hear a stnge stop, and worthy 
to be chnicled: I had a rvaut at the saine time called Fco Arnus, a 
bold and proper man, so grievoly terrified th it, that he « w fit melan- 
ehdy, afçer dod, at lt m, and ruade away eg. At 
Japona "thet was ch an thquake, and darknem on a sudden, that many 
mon were offended with headad*e, manyoverwhelmed with soow and melan- 
choly. At bIcacum whole streets and goooey pal were ovem'ned at tho 
' Subit oc, Inoplna lectlo.  Lib. de audiflone. * Theod. Prodrom lb. 7. Amo 
  ceens fuent ine t Qu me nunc inflst cocus Fs sit. Alciat. embL 122. 
m Jud. 6. 19. - luch vi ej.  In furorem c s vers.  Subiti toe mot. 
 Coepit de dre cure dndio ssnitst, inde adeo demen ut sibi ip moem feet. • Histori 
rclatio de b Jsponicis Tr. 2. de legst, regis Chincnsi s Lodovico Froi Juits. A. 1596. Fcini 
de repente ntsae igo et oe mot ut mti pite doleren plarimis r moero et melancholis 
oberetoe. Tantum emitum edeba ut tonit orem imita vidcretar, tantamqu &c. In urbe 
Si  hocus fui ut hom  s comçot 
hv't.ndo secco» 



same rime, and there was such a hideous noise withal, like thunder, and filthy 
smell, that their hair stared for leur, and their heurts quaked, men and beasts 
were incredibly terrifieoE In Sacai, another city, the saine earhquake was so 
terrible unto them, that many were berefç oftheir senses; and others by that 
horrible spectacle so much amazed, that they knew not what they dioE" 
]31asius, a C]n-istian, the reporter of the news, was so affrighted for his part, that 
though if were two months aïter, he was scarce his own man, neither could he 
drive the remembrance of if out of his mind. any rime, some ycars follow- 
ing, they will tremble afl'esh ab the 'remembrance or conceit of such a terrible 
object, even all their lires long, if mention be ma|e of lb. Cornelius Agrippa 
relates out of ulielmus Parisiensis, a sory of one, that afçer a distasbeful 
purge which a physician had prescribed uuto him, was so much moved, « tthat 
ab the very sight of physic he would be distempered," though he never so 
much as smelled toit, the box of physic long after would give him a purge; 
nay, the very rmembmnce of it did effect if; "u like travellers and seamen," 
saith Plutarch, "that when they bave been sanded, or dashed on a rock, for 
ever after fcar hot that mischance only» but ail such dangers whatsoever." 

SUBSECT. ISr.--,_qCOffS, Calumn¢es, bitter Jests, Itow they cause Melanclwbj. 

I is an old saylng, u,A blow with a word strikes deeper than a blow with 
a sword :" and many men are as much galled with a calumny, a scurrilous and 
bitterjest, a libel, a pasquil, satire, apologue, epigram, stage-play or the like, 
as with any misfortune whatsoever. Princes and potentates that are other- 
wise happy, and have ail ab command, secure and free» uibus polentia sceleris 
i»tpunitatem fecit, are grievously vexed with these pasquilling libels, and 
satires: they fear a railing "Aretine, more than an enemy in the field, which 
ruade most princes of his rime (as some relate) "allow him a liberal pension, 
that he should hot tax them in his satires. ''r The gods had their Momus, 
]Iomer his Zoilus, Achilles his Thersites, Philip his Demades: the Coesars 
themselves in lome were commonly taunted. There was never wanting a 
X'etronius, a Lucian in those rimes, nor will be a labelais, an Euphormio, a 
Boccalinus in ours. Adrian the sixth pope "was so ]fighiy offended, and 
grievously vexed with Pasquille ab Rome, he gave command that his statue 
should be demolished and burned, the ashes flung into the river Tiber, and had 
dons it forthwith, had hot Lodovicus Suesamus, a facete companion» dissuaded 
him to the contrary, by telling him, that Pasquil's asbes would turtt to frogs in 
the bottom ofthe river, and croak worse and louder than before,--genus irrita- 
bile rature, and therefore • Socrates in Plato adviseth all his friends, « thab 
respect their cdits, to stand in awe of poets, for they are terrible fellows, can 
lraise and dispra£e as they see cuuse." tIiw uà»t sit cala»nus swv&r en.çe» 
19altO. The prophct David complains, Plm cxxiii. 4. "that his soul was fitll 
of the mocking of the wealthy, and of the despitefulness of the proud," and 
Palm Iv. 4. "for the voice of the wicked, &c., and their hxte: his heart 
trcmbled within him, and the terrors of death came upon him; fear and hor- 
rible four,"&c., and Psalm lxix. 20. "lebuke bath broken my heart, and I 
ara full of heaviness." Who bath not like cause to complain, and is hot sc 
troubled, that shall f.tll into the mouths of such men  for many are of .o 

• Quum subit l]iius tristtssima noctis Imago. t Qui solo aspectu medicinoe movebatur 1 purgandum. 
 SIcut vlatores i ad sxum impegeriut aut naut memores ui casOs, non ista modo qu offendunt, sed ct 
similia horrent perpettt5 et tremunt, • iviter volant, graviter vulnerant. Bernardns. ffi Eusi sauciat 
corpus, mentem sermo.  Sciatis eum esse qni anemine fere oevi sui magnate, non illustre stipendimn 
habtLk, ne mores |psorttm Satyris suis notaret. Gap. Barthins proefat, parn.odid, • Joviu In vit ejus 
g,-aissimè tuiit famosis llbellis nomen suum ad Pasquilll statuam fuisse Inceratum, decrevitque idco sta. 
tu,un dcmoliri, &c. • Plato, lib. 13. de Icibus. Qni existimationem curant» postes vexentttr» qui 
m,a im h,tb.t ad laudandum et vitupcr4du.n. 



Mem. 4. Subs. 4.] 
peulan a spleen; d bave ha fire Sm so on in he mouths, 
so bitr,  fooh, m "Balr Cm¢io nos of them, tt "they caano 
spea but they must bite;" hey d tacher los a ffiend than ajes; and 
w oempany soever they corne in, hey w be soeag, insulting over their 
ferio, especiay over such  any way depend upon them, humouring, m- 
usg, or putting l[ees on some or other tfll they ve ruade by the[r 
houfing or gulli «ez gto ianw», a mope or a noddy, d  to make 
themoelves me: 
xcufit 
Fen, neutem, enees, ll re  one, fo me a foel  mdman,  their 
spot, and they ve no eater flicity tn to scoff and deride othem ; thcy 
must cr[fioe fo the goal of ughter, with them  Apuldus, onoe  dy, or 
else they shafi  melcholy themselves; they oere hot how they [nd ad 
mise othe, so they y exhihmte their owa peinons. Thcir wits indeed 
serve them to tt le pose, to make spot, to break a oeu-fie jt, wch 
is m çed£fus, the fvoth of wit,  sTly holds, and for th they 
 often applauded, in  other come, dry, barren, stramineo, dl d 
h, he  their ge, in t they alone exc¢l, plie themselve and 
othe. Leo Decim, tt oeog çe,  Jovius bath regtered  the Fouh 
book of s OEe, ok an extrrdiay delight in houring of silly f¢ows, and 
 put eries upon them, 
or tt; he me  stolid ssis, e mamè s,  stl insa ; 
sort fefiows, stark noddi; and such  were foos qte mari ibre he 
lef them. One memoruble exumple he mcit there, of Toecom of 
a musician that w so humod by 
t bine, that he thought himseto  a man of most excefient skill (who 
 indeed a uny), they 'amade h set foelish aong aad invent new ridicu- 
lo preoepts, wch they d highly oemmend,"  to rie his arm that plyed 
on the lute, fo mke him tre  sweeter stmke, "and to pull down the 
Arr ngings, bec,de the voioe would be clearer, by rn of the revcr- 
bertion of the wa[L" In the like manuer they persuaded oae BoEritoE of 
Calera, tht he w  goed  poet s etmrch; wod have m fo be ruade 
a lurte poet, and iavite I his iends fo his itment; and had  poed 
the poer man with  coaceit of  exceBent poct, that whea me of h 
more discret ieads told him of his foy, he w ve ny with them, aud 
id « they emed his honour, and prosperity :" it w strnge (saith Jovius) 
to see an old man of 60 ycars,  venerable and grave old man, so gued. ut 
wt aot such soeffem do, clly  they fiad a soft coeaure, a whom 
they my work nay,  ,y tth, who  s wise, or so dcoeet, that may hot 
be humoured in th 
he that & othem, he were so humoud, would be  mad himselt  much 
gr[ev and t«rmend; he might c with m in the comedy, ProIt Jupir, 
t lw»m  adig 
if he be  slly soul, and do hot perceive it, 'ris we, he may haply make 
othm spot, and be no whit troubled himself; butif he be apphensive of 
flly, and take if fo het, thca if torments him worse thau auy lash : u bitte 
lest,  slunder,  lumny, pierceth deeper than any loss, dr, bv«ly pain, 
o inju whatsoever ; t «nim vo (if files swiftly),  Beard o an 
arrow, sed gravr l (but wounds deel,ly), espec]ly if if sha]l procoed 
tom  viru[eat tongue, "if cu (ith David) like  twodgcd sworL Thcy 
t Pel leue chinuo. • C. Hb. 2. a quodam  lnatl ut qu0ti loq, toti mordere 
licere aibi patent.  Ter. Eunuch. « Hot. r. lib. 2. t. . "Proded he can only excite laghtcr 
he apsr hot h bt friend." b. 2. s De orat.  Landando, et raira i peuendo, ffi Et 
çns flat opinion lncrebfila  denda quoed ic proecep commentuetur, c.  Ut vo 



O 
,. Causes of Mdanclwly. [Part. 1. Sec. 2. 
shoot bittcr words as arrows," Psalm lxiv. 3. "And they smote with their 
tongues,"Jer. xviiL 18. and that so hard, that they leave an incurable wound 
bchind them. ]Iany men are undone by this meana, moped, and so dejected, 
that they are never tobe recovered; and of all other men living, those which 
are actually melancholy, or inclined toit, are most sensible (as being suspicious, 
cholerc, apt to mistake) and impatient of an injury in that kind: they 
aggravate, and so meditate continually of it, that it is a perpetual coToaive, 
hOt to be removed till rime wear it out. Although they peradventure that so 
scoff, do it alone in mirth and merriment, and hold it oltimum a[ienâ.frui 
isaniâ, an excellent thing to enjoy another man's maduess; yet they must 
know, that it is a mortal aih (as .Thomas holds), and as the pphetP David 
denounceth, "they that use it, shall noyer dwell in God's tabeaacle." 
Such scurrilous jests, flouts, and sarcasms, therefore, ought hot at all to be 
used; especially to out betters, to those that are in misery, or any way dis- 
tressed : for to such, oerumnarum incrementa sunt, they multiply grief, and as 
°ho perceived, In multis pudor, in multis iracundia, &c., many are ashamed, 
many vexed, angered, and there is no greater cause or firtherer of melancholy. 
]Iartin Cromerus, in the Sixth book of his histoT, hath a pretty story to thia 
purpose, of Uladislaus, the second king of loland, and leter Dunnius, earl of 
Shrine; they had been hunting late, and were enïorced to lodge in a poor 
cottage. When they went to bed, Uladislaus told the earl injest, that his wifo 
lay softer with the abbot of Shrine; he hot able to contain, rep[ied, 
])abesso, and yours with Dabessus, a gallant young gentleman in the coin't, 
whom Christina the queen loved. 2"etigit id dictwn Principis animum, theso 
words of his so galled the prince, that he was long after tristis et cogitabundt«s, 
very sad and melancholy for many months; but they were the earrs utter undo- 
iag : for when Christina heard of it, she pe]ecuted him to death. Sophia tho 
empress, Justinian's wife, broke a bittcr jest upon lffarsetes the eunuch, a 
famous captain thon disquieted for an overthrow which he lately had : tha* ho 
was titrer for a distaff and to beep women company, than fo ,vield a sword, or 
to be general of an army : but it cost ber dea; for ho so iar distasted it, that 
he went tbrthwith to the adverso part, much troubled in his thoughts, caused 
the Lombards to rebel, and thence procured many miscries to the common- 
vealth. Tibcrius the emperor withheld a legacy from the people of lome, 
which his predeccssor Augustus had lately giron, and perceiving a fellow round 
a dead corse in the ear, would needs know whercfore ho did so; the fellow 
replied, that ho wished the departed soul to signify to Augustus, the commons 
of Rome were yet unpaid: for this bitter jest the emperor caused him forth. 
with to bc slain, and carry the news himself. For this reason, all those that 
otherwise approve ofjests in some cases, and facete companions, (as who doth 
hot?) let them laugh and be merry, rumpantur et ilia Codro, 'ris laudable and 
fit, those yct will by no means adroit them in their companies, that arc any 
way inclined to this malady; non jocandum cure 
eerumnosi, no jesting with a discontented person, 'Tis Castilio's cavent» P Jo. 
Pontanus, and «Galatcus, and every good man's. 
«Pla)- with me, but hurt me hot : 
Jest wlth me but ahame me 
Comitas is a virtue between rusticity and scurrility, two extremes, as aiability 
is between flatte T and contention, it must hot exceed ; but be still accom- 
panied with that" ,« or innoccncy, quæ enid ocet, omnen 
oblaionem abhorrons, hurts no man, abhors all offer of injury. Though a man 
be liable to such a jst or obloluy, haro been overseen, or committed a foui 

» 2.2dœe qnst. 75. lrrt«lo mortale peccatum, • Psa]. xv. 9, Balths.sar Catilio tib. 2.  avAico. 
D¢ sr.:.u lib. . cp. 3.  ,t 5. Galatcu. ,Tully Turc. qu,es. 



Mem. 4. Subs. 5.J /oss ofLierty, er, £'c. 2-05 
fact, yet if is no good manners or humanity fo upbraid, fo hit him in the teeth 
with his offence, or fo scoff af such aone; 'ris an old axiom, turpis 
omr «zFro/rrat/o.  I speak hOt of such as generally fax vice, Barclay, Gen- 
tilis, Erasmus» Agrippa, Fishcartus, &c., the Varronists and Lucians of 
time satirists, epigrammatists comedians, apologts, &c., hue such as per- 
sonate rail, scoff, calumniate, l»erstringe by naine, or in presence oflènd; 
u • Ludit q,d stolidtl procacitate, 
lon esl; Sesl;ius ille ed caballus ;" 
'Tis horse-play thls, and those jests ( ho «saith) "are no better than inju- 
%s," biting jests, morJees e a,ce«i, they are poisoned jests, leave a stbag 
behind them and ought hot fo be use& 
" Set hot tby foot fo make the bllnd fo fall; 
Nor wilfutty offeud thy weaker brother : 
Tor wotmd the dead with thy tongale's biffer 
/elther rejolce thou in the fal of otherY 
Ii" these rules could be kpt, we should bave much more case and quietness 
thon we bave, less melancholy whereas, on the contmry, we study fo misuse 
each other, how fo sting and gail, like two fighting boora, bending ail out 
force nd wit, friends, fortune, fo crucify • one another's souls; by means of 
which, there is little content ad charity, much virulency, hatred, m«ilce, and 
dLcluietness among u. 

Susv.r. V.oss of iberty, 8eotu, [reprenant, how ty cause 
To t taloe of ca,  may well annex lo of lierty, servitude, or 
impfisonment, weh fo some rso   'eat a toux  any of the test. 
Though they have all things convenieng sptuous houoes fo their use, ,tir 
wal and garde, dvlicio bowers, gaHeries, good çare and diet, and all 
thhgs correspondent, yet they aoe hot connt, becmse they are coned, may 
hot corne and go af their pleasure bave and do what they , but live alnd 
qoErâ, af another man's table and commauoE Aa if is "in meats so if is in 
a other things, places, societi, spots; let them be nevcr so pleant, 
commodious, wholome, so good; yet onmin rm  saeie, there is a 
loathg tiety of all tngs. e children of Israel were tiœed th manna, 
it  ksome to them so to rive,  tu a bird in a cage, or a dog in hîs kenncl, 
they are weary of it. They ara hay, it is te, and bave ail things, to 
other m's judgment, that hea oen wh, or that they themselves can 
desim, b  sua nôrint: y they loathe it, and are tired with the prnt: 
Es tura mlnum ta aoe; men's nature is stiH dessous of news, 
variety, delights; and o wandering affections are so iegular in th kd, 
that they must change, though if must be fo the worst. Bachelom must be 
married, d maied men would be bachelo; they do hot love their o 
siv though otherwe fait, w, uo, and we qualified, because they 
e the; otw preoent eate is stfll the wmt, we cannot endure one course 
eflffe long,  quSd m voverat, ode, one OEing long, se 
oe dl; one plie long, "Eont Tybur amo, veatos Tybure Eonmm, 
that weh we eatly aought, ve now oentemn. Hoc çsdam ay OE mot- 
km (th  Seneea) qu6d opta soepe mut«ndo in eadem 
man, that they are fied to the me still, as a horoe in a miH, a dog  a whoe], 
* « Eve reproach utter ai oaa dy udemned,  mea-iflted.  
h moea ttne et dementia conflictor. T. ad Attic. . I1. • Miscm est aliena viver 
a. Juv. • Cramboe b coc. Yi me re pori. HoL  De qu sn. 



226 Causes of J[danchol!t. [Par. 1. Sec. 2. 
they run round, wihout aleraion or news, their lire groweth odious, the world 
loathsome, and that whieh erosseth their furious delighs, what  still tho 
sarae  ]lareus Aure.liu- and Soloraou, that had experieneo of ail worldly 
delighs anti plesure, eonfessed as rnuch of themselves; what they raost do- 
sire, I, was tedious al lst, and that their lust eould never be satisfied» ail was 
vanity and affliction of raind. 
Now if it be deah itself, anoher hell, o be glutted wih one kind of spor, 
dieted wih one dish, tied to one plaeej though hey have ail things otherwise 
• .tS they eau desire, and are ir hea'er to another raan's opinion, wha raisery" 
mad discourent shall they bave, that lire in slavery, or in prison itself? Quod 
tristius morte,  servittte vivendum, as HelmaOlallS told Alexander in 
"Curtius, worse than death is bondage: * hoe animo scito omnes jbrtes ut 
raovtera servituti anteportant, Ail brave men al arms (Tully holds) are so affected. 
 Equidem eg is sure qui servitutem eztremum omnium malorum esse arbitro': 
I ara he (saith Boterus) that accourir servitude the ettrerait.y ofraisery. nd 
what calaraity do they endure, that rive with those hard taskraasters, in gold 
raines (like those 30,000 +Indian slaves al Potosi, in Peru), tin-minez, lead- 
raines, stone-quarries, coal-pits, like so raany raouldwarps under ground, con- 
deraned to the galleys, to perpetual drudgery, hunger, thirst, and stripes, 
without ail hope of delivery }fow are those woraen in Turkey aflécted, that raost part of the year corae hot abroad; those Italian and $panish daraes, 
that are raewed up like hawks, and locked up by their jealous husbands hov 
tedious is il to thera that lire in stores and caves hall a year together as in 
Iceland, lIuseovy, or uner the ° pole itself, wbere they bave six raonths' per- 
petual night. Nay, what raisery and discontent do they endure, that are in 
prison They want ail those six non-natural things al once, good air, good 
diet, exercise, company, sleep, rest, vase, &e., that are bound in ehains ail 
day long, surfer hunger, and (as tLucian describes il) "raust abide that filthy 
stirrk, and rattling of chains, howlin, pitiful outeries, that prisoners usually 
raake; these things are hot only troublesorae, but intolerable." They fio 
nastily araong toads and fi'ogs in a dark dungeon, in their own dung, in pain 
of body, in pain of soul, as Joseph did, Psalra cv. 18, "They hr lais feet in 
the stocks, the iron entered his soul." They lire olitary, alone, sequestered 
from ail company but heat-eating raelancholy  and for want of raeat, raust- 
eat that bread oïafl]iction, prey upon theraselves. Vell raight tArculanus 
put long iraprisonment for a cause, especially to such a.s bave lived jovially, 
in all sensuality and lust, upon a sudden are esranged and debarred frora ail 
raanner of pleasures: as were lï[uniades, Edward, and Richard II., Valerian 
the Eraperor, Bajazet the Turk. If il be irksorae to raiss out ordinary com- 
panions and repast for once a day, or an bout, what shall il be to lose them 
t'or ever If it be so great a delight to lire a liberty, and to enjoy that variety 
of objects the world affords; what misery and discourent raust il needs bring 
to him, that hall now be cast headlong into that $panish inquisition, to fait 
frora heaven to hell, to be cubbed up upon a sudden, how shall he be perplexe 
what shall become ofhira Robert Duke of Norraandy being iraprisoned by 
his young est brother cnry I., ab illo die 6wonsolabili dolor« 6 carcerecontabuit, 
saith lIatthew Paris, frora that day forward pined away with ief. Jugurtha 
that generous captain, "brough fo Rorae in triumph, and afçer imprisoned, 
through anfish of his soul, and melancholy, died." Roger, Bishop of Salis- 
bury, the second raan from King 8tephen, (he that built that famous caztle of 
• Lib. 8. " Tulliu Lepldo» Para. 10.27. a Boterns, 1. 1. polit, cap. g. f Laet. descript. Americm. 
• If there be any itahabitants, t In Taxart. ln/erdiu quidem collum vi»cturn est, et manus constricta 
aoctu ver6 roture corpu vincitur, ad bas mlserits ttccidit corporia foetor, strepitus ejulantium, 
brevitaa, hoe¢ omnia planè molesta et intolerabilia, s In 9 Ihais. u William the Conqueror'm eldet 
mon.  Sallust. Rornarn triu,npho ductus tatldernque in c&rcerern conjecttaa, anirni doiore pet'iii;. 
 Camàen in Wiltsh. rniscrtXm seaern ira faine et calamitatibu in carcere fregit s inter mortis rnetum et vir 
$ormenttb &c. 



lIem. 4. Subs. 6.] l'vvertj and IVant, Ca«ses. °.27 

k Devizes in Viltshire), was o tortured in prison w':th hungcr, and all those 
calamities accompanying such men, ! ut v£vere noluerit, mor£ nescierit, he woul,l 
hot lire, nd could hot die, between fear ofdeath, and tormcntz of life. Franc.s, 
King of France, was taken prisoner by Charle V., ad mortem ferb 
cholicus, saith Gnicciardini, melancholy almost to death, and that in an instamt. 
Iut this is as clear as the sun, and needs no further i]lustratiom 

Swsr.cv. VI.Poverty and Il'uni, Çus 
Povsarr and wan are so violent oppugners,  unweleome guests, so much 
abhowed of ail men, that I may ao omi to speak of them apa. Poverty, 
althogh (if eonsidcre,! a6gh, to a wi, understanding, truly regenete and 
eontented man) it be donum Dei,  blsed estate, the wy to heaven, as 
Chrysostom ealls i God's gifç, the mother of modty, and much to be pre- 
ferred belote riches ( shaH be shown ia his *place), yeç  it is esteemed 
the world's eeasut, it is a most odious OElling, le and baoe, a severe torture, 
mmu scelles, a most intolemble burden ; we *shun iç ail, ca 
angue (wor than  dog or a shake), we abhor çhe naine of it, " 
fitur, otoyue arcessitur orbe, as being the fountain of all other miserie are, 
woes, labour, and gevanoes whaoever. To avoid which, we wfil take any 
pains,etres curr mcator ad Indos, we will Icave no haven, no coast, 
no crk of the world unserched, though it be to the hazaM of out lires; wo 
will dire to the bottom of he se to the bowels of the earth, +rive, six, scven, 
eight, nine hundrcd £tthom dl» , thr, ugh all rive zones, and both extremes 
]mat and cold : we will turn parasites and slaves, pmstitute oumelves, swear 
and e, damn our bodi and souls, fimake God, abjnrc religion, steal, rob, 
murder, rather than endure this insufferable yoke of poverty which doth so 
tymnnise, crucify, and generally depress u 
For look into the world, and you shall see men most part estoemed acc0rding 
fo their mns, and happy  they are rich: $ Ubiq tanti quq quantun 
buhfidt. If he be likely to thve, and in the way of prefermenç, who but 
he ? Ixt the wlgar opinion, if a man be wealthy, no matter ho he gets iç, of 
what pareutage, howqua[ified, how viruously endowed, or villainously incled 
le him be a bawd,  gril , an usarer,  villain, u gan,  barbarian, 
wretch,  Luciau's tyrant, "on whom you mny look with less crity than 
the sun ;" so thaç he be rich (and fiberal withal) he shall be honoured, admired, 
adored, revcrenced, and higbly magnified. "The rich is h in reputation 
beoEuse of his goods," Eccl. x. 31. He shall be befriended: "for riches 
gather many friends," rov. xix. 4,muh,,s ntmabit arnica, ail happines 
ebbs and flows with bis money. He shall bc accounted a gracious lord, 
$IeoEn, a beneftor, a wise, dcree, a proper, a valiaut, a fortunate man, 
of a generous spirit, Pullus Jov, et gallinoe filius aiboe : a hopeful, a goo,! 
man, a virtuous, hones man. Quan ego  J.unoum pum et ntris 
parfum verb aureum,  "Tully said of Ocvianus, while he was adopte,[ 
Coeur, and an heir "apparent of so eat a monarchy, he was a golden chfl,I. 
Al[ 'honour, offices, applause, and titl and turgeng epithets are pug upon 
him, om om bona dlcer«; ail men's eyes are upon him, Goal blee8 his 
good worship, his honour ; every man speaks well of him, every man 
him, ks and sues to him tbr his love, favour and protection, fo rve him, 
k Vl hodle. ! Sene.  Coin.  Hebr. u Pa. 2. St. $. Iemb. 3. o Quem ut 
dcilem morbum uer trere foi. Plut.  Luen. 1.1.  As in the silver 
Frlburg In Gean. Fin Morom $ Eupid.  Tom. . . minore pecuio solem 
mc defixis oculis licet intueri. Omnis en[m r, vus, fam decm% Sna humanue pulchris 
Di'itiis pent. Hot. Ser. I. . Sat. . Clar cris, forti s, sapis, iam rex.  quicqui 'olet. 
 E gcntt% et fonam, rena pecunla donat. lon adds sp@it courag &c. r Epint. t.  Atficum. 
 Our young mter, a fine towdly gcntlema God bi him, and hopeful ; 'hI e is he[r apparent to 
ght wohlpful, to thc right honourable, &c. t O nugi. lllllnl : 'ob] he ël'..at hOOlc. 
 zinde sapere cure otaries dicim ac queue fortam haut. Plaut. l'eud 



228 Cause oJ'l/eoehuly. [Part. 1. Sec. 2. 
belong unto hm, every man th fo him, as fo Themistocles in the Olympi, 
if he speak,  of Herod, o Dd, n lwmin, the voice of Go hot of man. 
Ail the graces, Veneres, ple, elegances attend him, golden foune 
companies and lodth with him; and  to those man cmpero 
pd in his chambcr. 
  ecura aviget aur 
Fortuuamque suo tempcret arbitrio :" 
he may sail  he will himself, and temper his estte at h pl«ure, jovial 
days, splendour and magnifioenoe, sweet music, dainty re, the good thin, 
and t ofthe ]and, fine clothe% rich att, soft beds, down pillows are st 
command, ail the world labours for him, thousands of artificers are his slaves 
to ddge for him, run, de, and post for him : *Divines (for Pyth Phip- 
at), lawye, physicians, posophers, schola aoe hs, wholly devote to 
serce. Eve man seeks his "acquaintanoe, his kdred, to match with him, 
though he he an oaf, a ninny, a monster, a goosecp, ure dat Dm 
when and whom he 11, hu optan 9erum ex  eçinhe is an 
excellent "match for my con, my daughter, my niec% &c. Qu9u caav 
h, osa, let him go whithcr he will, tmpets sound, belh ng, &, ail 
happins attends him, every mn is wing to entertain m, he sups 
bApoo wheroever he oemes; what preparation  ruade for his enteain- 
ment I fish and fowl, pices d perfum, ail that s and land affords. 
cookery, mg, mirth to exhilarate his person! 
«« Da Trebio, porte  ebium» vh ater ab fl 
Ilibus  
Vhat dh wfil your good worship eat of l 
«  dcia pom « Sweet appl and whater thy flei affor, 
Et quoscque feret ctus fibi fund honor, Eefore thy Go  eervelet erve thy Lord.  
Aute Larcin, gustet venerabor Le v." 
What spo will your honour have  hawg, hunting, fishing, fowling, bls, 
beam, cards, dice, coc, players, tumblem, fiddlers, jesters, &c., they are ai 
your good womhip's command. Fah" boxes, rdens, oïchards, texan, gM- 
leries, cabinets, pleant walks, delightsome places, they o at hand: 
autels c, »inum in argent, tu  um speosoe, we, 
wenches, &e., a Turkish paradise, a heaven upon eartK Though he be 
silly sort feHow, and 8carce have common senoe, yeg  he be born to foues 
( I have said), ure hitao sapere ju5etur, he must bave honour and 
office in his course: Ne ni div e dignus (Ambros. offia 21.) aorte 
so worthy m hinmelf: he shall ve it, arque to uçu Seius aut Lab. 
Get money enough and command } ngdoms, provin, armes, heas, hand, 
and affections; thu shalt bave popes, patriarchs to be thy chapls d para- 
sites : thou shalt hure (Tamerlane-like) kings to draw thy coach, queens to 
thy la,dresses, emperom thy footstoo, bld more tos and cities than 
great Alexander, Bnbel towe, pyramids and maolean tombs, &a, commnnd 
heaven and earth, and teH the world it is thy vsal, auto emitur d, 
argeo calum panditur, rius hsophmn cdch, nummus jus cogit, 
bol littum pdt, lum saaan coct, oes amicos conglutinat. 
And thercfo hot without good cause, John de hIedic, that fich Florentine, 
when he lay upon hh death-b, caHing his sons, Cosmo and Laurence, befor« 
m, amongst other sober sayings, repeated thé, ani qu dor , quod 
 A fon pncip cubiculis reponi solita. JuH Capifin vita Antoninl. r Peoni. 
* Theologl opulenUs adhoercn Jsperiti pecios terati nummosi Hbcralib ifl • Multi 
çm Juven mtoe petiere puel.  "He may bave Daë to wife." • Dummo sit div 
bar ille placet, e Plut.  Lu¢o, a rich chambcr so call, t p pane melior. 
tJuv. Sat. 5. $ Hot. Sa 5. lib. 2. * Bohem de Tm'c et Bredenbach. ¢Euphoio. 
 Q pecuniam en elatl unt animi 1o i brave men at s; ! ch men are genero 
couru c. ! Nummus ait pro me nubat Coubia Rom.e. " a diadem  pched with 
gold; sver opens the way to heaven; philoeophy may be hired for a nny; money controlsjtico; 
1 eatfl a m of lctters; precio metal procur health; we atch e." 



Mcm. 4. Subs. 6] l'ovcrtj omJ ]Vant, Cauea. 29 

v«,s sanos et divtes pos n rdinquam, « If doth me good te think yet, though 
I he dying, that I shall leave you, my cdren, sound and ch :" for wlth 
ways a. I is hot with » as amongst tho Ledemonian senators of 
Lycurgus in Plutrch, « He ptfeed that drved b, wa mos virtuous 
and wohy ofthe plaoe, not swiftne, orstrengh, or wlth, or friends car- 
ried i in tho daya:" but in optis otimus, inr mant 
tissimus, the most temperate and best. $Ve bave no afistocracies but in con- 
tcmplatio all oligaœehi wherein a few rich men domineer, de what they 
lt, and are privfleged by the eatness. t They may freely tresps, and de 
as they plie, no man dare cuso them, no net se much  mutter agaimg 
them, there is no notioe taken of it, they may surely de if, lire after the 
o laws, and for their money get pardons, indigence, mdeem their sou 
frein purto and he itsedausum post arca Jovem. t them bo 
epicures, or athe$s, libeines, mhiavelians (as they oftcn are)» " Et ap 
 pj it, sine gste, ctus," they may go te heaven through the eyo 
f a uele, if they wi themselves, they may be canonised for int they 
shall be honourably ten'ed in mausolean tomb commended by poets, regis- 
tcred in histories, bave templcs and statues erected  their mes,$ mani- 
Sus illnasce»ttr /oe.If he be bountiful in his lire, and liberal at 
death, he sh have one te swr,  he did by Claudius the Empcror in Taci- 
tm he saw his seul go te heaven, and  miserably lamented at his funeml. 
Aaiarum col, c. rimao topanta in etronius rectd n 
a$, wt right te hven: a bx quean, « thou wouldst bave oed once 
in thy mioe te have a penny frein her;" and why? mod nummos mdiit, she 
meured her money by the bushe/ These prerogatives de net ually belong 
 fich men, but  such  are most part sming rich, let m bave but a good 
 outsid% he caes if, and shall  adored for a god, s "s w amongst 
the Persians, oh spldoEum al»r , for his gay attires; new most men 
are emed according te their clothes. In our h tim, mhom you 
perventure  modesty would give place te, as being deoeived by his habit, 
and presuming him seine geeat womhipfd m, believe it, you shoe examine 
his estat% he ll likely be proved a ing man of no great net% my lady's 
tafior, hia lordsfs barber or seine such 1, a Fastidius Brisk, Sir Petm- 
riel sh, a mere outside. Only th respect  given him, that wheremever 
he eome he may OEil for what he vill, and take place by reason of his ou 
ard habit. 
ut on the coutm, if he be or, rov. xv. 15. « all his days are 
able," h¢ is under hatches, dejected, jccted aad forsaken, poor  pume, 
poer in spirit; P prt r $fluit, ta et animus se lmbet; « money gives lire 
and d. Though he be hont, , led, well-desereing, noble by birth, 
and of excellent good pas ; yet  that he is poer, unlikely te e, corne te 
honour, offioe or good mes, he is coutemned, neglected, frustra sa, inr 
literas ur, ami wstus. « ' If he speak, what babbler is th" Ecclu 
his nobility without wealth, is "prla vilr algd, and he net esmed: 
vi&s pulli nati infd@ib s, if once pr, we are metamorphod in 
instant, b slaves, fiains, and e dmdges: tfor t  poor,  te be 
knave, a fool, a wretch, a eked an odious fello% a common eye-sore, say 
poor and y : they e bo te label, te mise, te carry burdens 
juments, pistum ster cab&re with Ulye oemons, d  Chremfluz 

INon fuit spud mortale u]lum excellentlus certamen n ter ¢eler celo, non ter rebute, 
robtio, . t Quid b lic. x Hor. St. . b. 2. tC moH v 
conc; dique cv: auperis   x  ex mbus . 
lat  gi tu nu de mu  nmo accigere.  He tt we eU t 
vve d gold lac mt ne be  gtlem.  Est  ,tqne 
ta]lb.  Euripid. « Xenophon. Copæd. L 8. » In ui ra t f pann 
Juv. • Hor. "mo wo  reoEed w  t Egcre  offend 



o0 Cause, of Mdanclv,y. [Pa. 1. Sec. 
ol,jected in Arlstophanes,  ta&m lere, llck salç, fo empty jkes, çay chan- 
els, "oe ou di and dunghills, sweep chimneys, b hoe-heel 
say nothing of Turks, galley-slaves, which are bought ffi and sold like jummit 
or thoee Afrieau negroe, or Ior  Indien drudges, qui indies hinc in& fe- 
rend onebus ocnoEunt, m quod ad s boves et ni vehunt, trahunt, 
c.* ld omne mell lndis, they are ugly to behold, and though et spruce, 
uow sty and squalid, beea poor, "immundasf, rtunas oequum t squalem 
tequi, it is ordiuarily so. "" Others eat to live, but they live to ddge," 
t'serv;s et mera gens nihil recare aude$, a servile genemçion, that data 
refe no tk." * lIeus tu, Dromo, cape lwcbellum, ventulum hinc fadto 
dura vamus," sirrah, blow wind un us while we wh, and bid your fellow 
get him up betimes in the moing, be it fair or foui, he shall n fift.y es 
«tfoot to-morrow, to oerry me a Ietter to my mistoe, So ad pistrbtum, 
shall tay aç home and ind malt ail day long, Tristan thrh. Th are 
they eommanded, being indeed me of them as so many footstools for IoEeh 
men to trd on, bloeks for them to get on hoebaek, or  "a walls for them 
lo l»iss on." They are eommonly such people, rude, silly, suI,etitious idiots, 
amsty, undean, lousy, poor, dejected, slavishly humble: and as "o Afer 
observes ofthe eommonalty of Afriea, natura vilr surir, nec apud suos duces 
majore in precio quàm si canes essent : tbase by nature, and no more teemed 
than dogs, miseram, lariosam, c«mitosam vitam agun$, et iaopem, inoeli- 
cern, riores an, u$ è brut planè nas d : no lrning, no knowledge, 
no eility, aree eommon senoe, naught but barbam amongst them, buino 
e , que cas ç, q«e vetO, Iike ro and vagabonds, they 
go bamfoed and baoelegged, the sales of their feet being as hoed as horse- 
hoofs, as adzivilus obscrved at Damietta  Egt, leading a Iaboous, 
miserable, woehed, unhappy e, " like beasts d jument ff hot worse :" 
(for a  Spmgard in InoEtau, sold three Indian boys for a chee, and a hun- 
dred negro slaves for  horse) their deourse  scurrflity, thek summun, 
bonum  Imt of aie. Thcre  hot any slavery which these villains will hot 
u ndergo, i,ter illot pleHq latrinasaant, ali culi«aam curant, alii sta 
la ios agunt, urinates, et M genus «imilla er«t, &c. Iike those people tha 
dwell in the k Alps, dfimuey-swoepers, jakes rmem, dh'daubers, vageant 
rogue% they labour hard some, and yet eannot get clothes to put on, or bread 
to eat. For what eau filthy povey give else, but i begffaT ' fillsome nasti- 
ness, squalor, content, drudgeT, labouq ugline, hunger and thitj 
l ,m, etptdicum numerum ?   he well followed it in Aristophes, fleasand 
lice, pro pall vtem am, a pro pciri lapim benè manum ad caput, 
rags for hi8 ratinent, and a stone for his pillow, pro catrâ, Ttoe caut urnoe, 
he sits in a broken pitcher, or on a block for a cir, et lvoe 'as pro pan 
bu cit, he drin war, and lires on wo leav, puloe, like a hog, or 
scraps like a dog, t nu wb vita acitur» qu n putab insanm 
iltq ?  Choemilus eoncludes his speh,  we poor men lire now- 
a-days, who will hot take our life to be "infelicity, mry, and madness? 
If they be of little betr condition than tho base vin htmger-starved 
hegrs, wandering rogues, those ordinary slaves, and day-laboaring drudg 
 Plaut act. . • nllum tare barbaram, tare le mnn  qnod on ]ubetim obire relit 
¢iliima. t Lausi orat. i Hpaniam. • Laet. deript. &tuerie. 
heneath lbe brdes they  mpeed fo  from plie to pe¢ : for they  and draw the Ioa 
 hich oxen and  foerly  ,," &c. aPla' tus. s Leo Afer, . uit. 1. I. edt non ut bene 
viv sed ut fozter larent. Heinsi.  Mster de sticis Geioe, Cosmog. cap. 2. lib. 3, 
• Ter. Eunuch. d Pau pa fac quem icœe cogant, • Lib. 1. p. t. Deos 
omn  fsos dicer : m pnosi, fmefrt Wt lduè mal afficitoe, tqu pecora 
plendor ratlonis emou. « Pere. HioEos.  Nihfl omnoEo meliorem vit den quam 
feroe in sflv jenta  . Leo Afer.  Bbolome a C tOeH in Hvetia. Qui 
hab tt i Ci -alle ut pham latom in OsceHa ve cor fabrI fumai, OE Ve sordidnm 
gen homum, quod repoeg min cm parat, z i te hot ts y ways  upbrai or 
off aK or  or men, but ratbŒee  coudoie and pi them by exprg, &« -- CW 



Mem. 4. Subs. 6.] l'vve«ty and 1Vaut, Causes. 

231 

yct they are commouly so preyed upon by « polling officers for breaking the 
ltws, by their tyrannizing landlords, so flayed and fleeced by perpetua] p ex- 
actions, t.hat though they do drudge, fare hard, and starve their genius, they 
cannot live in « some countries; but what they bave is instantly taken fro 
them, the very care they take to lire, to be drudges, to maintain their poor 
families, their trouble and anxiety "takes away their sleep," Siraa xxxi. 1. 
it makes them weary of thcir lires: when they have taken all pains, doue 
their utmost and honest endeavours, if they be cast behiud by sickness, or 
overtakea with years» no man pities them, hard-hearted and merciless, un- 
charitable as they are, they leave them so distressed, to beg, steal, murmur» 
aTd "rebel, or elso starve The feeling and fear of this misery compelled 
those old Romans, whom Menenius A'ippa pacified, to resist their governors 
outlaws, and rebels in most places, to take up seditious arms, and in all ages 
bath caused uproars, murmurings, sedtions, rebellions, thefts, murdcrs, muti- 
nie., jars and contentions in every commonwealth : grudging, rcpining, com- 
plaining, discontent iu each private f-amily, beczuse they want menus to lire 
aecording to their callings, bring up their ehildren, it breaks their heurts, 
they caunot do as they would. No greater misery than for a lord to bave a 
kuight's living, a gentlemau a yeomau's, hot to be able to lire as his birth 
and place re«luire. Poverty and want are generally corrosives to ail 1Sud of 
men, especially to such as bave been in good and flourishing estate, are sud- 
denly distressed, "nobly born, liberally brought up, and by some dissster and 
casualty miserably deject«d. For the rest, as they huve bae fortunes, so bave 
they base miuds correspondent, like beetles, è stercore o'rti, 
stercor« ddizfum, as they were obscurely bora and bred» so they delight in 
obseenity; they are hot so tlmroughly touched with 
anguseo in pector ve'sant. « ea, that whieh is no small cause of their tor- 
ments, if once they corne to be in dstress, they are forsaken of their fellows, 
most part neglected, and left uuto themselves; as poor Tereuc in 
was by Scipio, Lœelius, and Ftuius, his great and noble fricnds. 
« Ni! Pblius Scp|o profuit, nil si Loeli, nil Furiu, 
Tres per idem tempus qui agitabant nobiles facillimè, 
]florum ille oper ne domnm quldem habuit conductitlm." 
'Tis genera]]y so, Temloora si fuerln$ nubila, slus cris, he is lei' cold aÙd 
comfortless, nullus ad amissas ibi$ amivus opes, all flee from him as from 
rotten wall, now ready to fall on their heads, lrvv, xix. 4. "loverty sep•rates 
thcm ri'oto their "ncighbours." 
«,Dum fortun furet, alum e'ais, amic «Whilst fortune favonr'd, friends, Ton smiled on 
(:hm eeeitli» tur1i wtiti r fug-%'" [ l,t 'hen he tled,  friend I could net ee." 
¥hich is worse yet, if he be poor • every man conteams him, insults over 
him, oppresseth him, scoffs at, aggravates his miscry. 
uffi Quum coepit quassats dorons sbsiders parte I « When once the tottering ho.se begIns fo shrlnk, 
In procLmata omnc ecnmbit ChaS." Thither come a]l the weight by an istincL" 
lqy, they are odious to their own brethren and dearest friends, lrov, xix. 
"]tis brethren hate him if he be poor," "omnes vicini oderun$, "his ueigh- 
bout hate him," l°rov, xiv. 20. b otaries m nogi ac ignoti deseruz, as he com- 
plained in the comedy, friencls and strangers, ail forake me. Which is most 
gievous, poverty makes men ridicul,,ns, V//habe idix pauper$ du'ius i, 
, «àm uod ridi«ulos Iwminesfacig, they must endure jests, tatmts, flouts, 
- Vexat censur coinmba,c p Deux •ce non possunt, et sixcinque 8olvere nolunt: Omnibus est notum 
quater tre o]vere otum. qScandia, Africa, Liuani. • hloaaigne, in his Essaya, spexks of certain 
hdmns in France, that belng asked how tbe¥ liked the country wondered how a few rich men could keel 
• o many poor men in subjection, th$t tbey did hot eut their throats, • Angutas aulmv.s animoso in 
pccore vers•us, • « A nrrow bret coxcexls • arrow ooE"  DOtI t. tt$. • «' nDlill 
bcipio, lliuS and Furius, three of the most distinguished ,obleme st that day in ltoue, were ofso 
$cr ice to him, th•$ he coule scarcely procur • lodging Shrough their patronage." 
°' rhougtt he be ius.tt, yet tttey wtll tot." • Petrouius. y Ion t qui dolent lcem, ut Petru 
hrietum, j urant se hominem non noviss • Ovid. in Trier. • ltorat, b Ter. Etmuchu t. 
• Qd qnvd materitm pr,bet catttmque jocandi-- i oe• s,rdiŒE& it J uv. at. 2. 



2.] Causes of Melancloly. [Part. 1.8ce. $. 

blows of their betters, and take all in good part, te gel a meal's mea: 
Lur jaulperies oFlyrobriun, jubet quoEv et fe»'e  ati. Ho must 
parite, jester, fool, m dgtib dp«e; th  Euripides, slav% 
lain, drudge te get a poor living, apply himsdf te each man's humo, te w 
and plee, &c., and bo buffeted when ho hath all dono, as Ulys w by 
hIelanthius" in Homer, be reled, baffied, iulted over, for 
tuhitia pf«enda esfi and may net se much  muttcr agahsg it. 
ta rogue and villn ; for  the saying h, Nesias cog ad turp, povey 
alone makes men hiev, bels, murderers, tilc,rs, aasss, "becauso of 
pover6y wo have sinned," Eoelus. xxviL 1. swear and forswe, bear falso 
witnesg 1i% soemble, any thing,  I say, te vango theelves, and o 
relieve their neccssitioE: sC soeroE nagistra est, when a m h driven 
te h sfts, what wl ho no de  
«*  si mhem founa Shonem 
Finxit» van etlam mendacemque prqba 
he will betray his fther, prince, d country, tutu Turk, foko region, 
abjure God and ail, nla t«m lwrren prodit, qm li l causâ (mith 
 o Afer) pe»Tetrare zdint.  Plate, therefore, calh poverty, "thieh, s 
crilegious, filthy, wicked, and mhievotm :" and wefi he might. or if mak 
many an upright man otherwise, had ho net been h want, te take bribes, te 
be cormpt, te de against his conscience, te sell s tone, h, hand, &c., 
te ho churh, hard, unmemifuL ci, te use dh-ect mns te help 
],resent estate. It makes pfinoes te ect upoa their subjectg t men 
tyrannise, landlor oppre, justice meoeena, laers vultur, physidans 
harpie iends impoate, tradesmen lia hont men tHev, devout 
aag great men te prostitu their wives, daughten, d themselves, 
nfiddle sort te pine, eommons te tout,y, a te grudge, m, and com- 
plm A great ¢emptatbn te al] mchie£ it commis seine mmble wretch 
te coterfeit seveml ds, te dmember, make themselves bd, lame, te 
lmve a nmre plausible oeo te beg, and 1 their limbs te recover the 
i,msent wants. Jodocus Damhoderis, a lawyer of Brugeg pra rem cr 
dna£ c. I 12. hath seine notable examples of such eounëit cr, and every 
wllago almost will yield abundant testimonies amongst us; wo bave dum- 
merers, Abraham men, &c. And tt wHch h the extent of mhery, if 
brceth them, through anish and weaomeness of their rives, te make ay 
theelves: they hd rather be hanged, drownc,1, &c., than te We without 
eaH. 
" In mare eoetifemm, ne te premat era eg, ] « oeh better ' te brk thy nec 
»sfii, eg à ceh ¢o0 Ce ]ug." [ Or flrown thyself i' the se 
Th surfer irsome poreS; 
Go me thy away." 
A Syrite of old, as I find if reered in Athenoeus, supping h Pditiis 
lu Spath, and obseing the rd faoe, said if w no marvel ff tho Ledoe- 
monians wero valian men; "for h par he wod rather r upon a sword 
pot (and se wod any man in his wim), than rive with such bo et, or 
se woetched a lffe." "In Japo 't a eommon thing te iflo the chilien 
if they be poor, or te make  aboion, which Afistotle commends. 
civil commonwealth of CHna,  the mother strangles her cld if sho bo 
able te brg if up, and had rather le than 11 it, or vo if endure such 
miselT  poor men de. obiug lgb. 7. adv«ss gs, » Lactti, 
cep. 9. ob]ects  much te thooe ancient Groe and Roman, " they did ex- 
pose the childoen te ld bets, stglo or ock out the b 
* Hot. • In Phoenla. eOfly. 1. f Ifl¢m. g Hanan.  a 8ee el le.une 
poor, o h mo him vain  menoElo.'*  De Aca b. 1. p. t.  . àe leob. 
paupe eeg  flfio omnl mo opex, t eo. m Dlpnoeopht. b. 
Milhpoti motm (si q ÆIbi mente tet) qn m s et oenol « common 
habere, u Gper Villa J eplst. Jan. b. • Mat. Riecl expert.  S b. l. 
Boma çreatos  fe  ib expot ne antie vel    



lIem. 4. Subs. 6.] Pove»ty/and lVant, Çause$. 233 
a stone, in such cases." If we may give credit to «Iauster, amongst us 
Christiaus in Lithuaraia, they voluntatàly mancipate and sell themselves, their 
wives and childrea to rich mea, to avoid hunger and beggary; "many mako 
away themselves in this extremity. Apicius the Roman, when he cast up his 
accounts, and found but 100,000 crowns left, murdered himself for fear he 
should be famished to dcath. P. Forestus, in his medicinal observations, bath 
a memorable example oftwo brothers of Louvain that, being destitute of means, 
bec, me both melancholy, and in a discontented humour maacred themselves. 
Another of a merchant, learned, wise otherwise and discreet, but out of a deep 
apprehension he had of a loss at seas, would not be persued but as °Venti- 
dius in the poet, he should die a beggar. In a word, thus much I may 
«onclude of poor men, that though they bave good tpats they cannot show or 
make use of them: ab inoloiâ ad virtuem obsepta est v/a, 'ris hard for a poor 
mau to "fise, haud fadlè raergunt, quorum virtutibus obstat res angusta dotal, r 
"The wisdom of the poor is despised, and his words are hot heard." Eccles. 
ri. 19. l:[is works are rejected, contemned, for the baseness and obscurity of 
the attthor, though laudable and good in themselves, they will hot likely take 
tt 1ulla placere diù, neque vtvere earmlna possunt, 
«« ffo verses can please men or live long that are writ.ten by watœer-drinkers." 
Poor mea cannot please, theh" act.ious, counsels, consuhations, projects, are 
wilified in the world's esteem, amittunt consili.ttm n re, which Gnatho long 
since observed. "qatffens creFidas sibi nunuam nez solexts fezit, a wise man 
never cobbled shoes; as he said of old, but how doth he prove it? I ara sure 
we find it otherwise in out days, "l¢'uinoss horretfacundia panns. Homer 
himself must beg if he want means, and as by report sometimes he did " bgo 
from door to door, and sing ballads, with a company ofboys about him-" This 
common misery of theirs must needs distraet, make them discourent and 
melancholy, as ordinarily they are, wayward, peevish, like a weary traveller, for 
« Fumes et mora bilera ir nares concourir, still murmuring and repinJng: Ob 
inop£am morosi saut, quibus est malb, as Plutarch quotes out of Furipides, and 
that comieal poet well seconds, 
«  Omnes quibus res sunt mlnùs seeund nesclo quomo¢lo 
Suspitioi, ad contumeliam omnia accipiunt rnagia s 
lroçter ttam lmlotentiam ne credtmt negligi." 
« If they be in adversity, they are more suspicioas and apt to mistake: they 
think themselves scorned by reason of their misery :" and therefore many gene- 
tous spirits in such cases withdraw themselves from all company, as that come- 
dian TTirence is said to bave doue; when he perceived himself to be forsaken 
and poor, he voluntarily ban£shed himself to Stymphalus, a baso tow-a in 
Areadia, aad there miserably died. 
«' $  ad summam incplam redactts, 
Itaque I conspeetu orrmium ablit Gr$ccl In terrain ultimam.  
/ffeither is if without cause, for wc see men commonly respected according to 
their means (§an dives sit wns querutt, zemo an bonus) and vilified if they 
be in bad clothes. « lhilophoemen the orator was set fo eut wood, because 
was so homely attired, "Terentius was placed at the lower end of Cecilitts' table, 
because of his homcly outside, tDante, that famous Italian poet, by reason 
his clothes were but mean, could hot be admittctl to sit down at a feast. Gnatho 
« C6smog. . lib. cap. 22. vendunt liberos vtctu carentes tanquam pecora interdum et selpaoa; ut aputl 
d!v!te saturentttr..ci.b.is.. _ • 'el..honoru. _ dep.eratione vel malorum .perpeasione frarti et fatigati, plure.$ 
Olentas manus $1Dl lllerllllL • tlor. • lngemo potergln superas olitare per arces : Ut me pluma ievat 
ie grave mergit os. - Tereut. • Hot. Sut. . lib. L  « They csnuot easily fise in the world who ara 
pinehed by poverty at home." • Faschalius. • letronius.  Herodotus ita eJus. 8caliger in poet, 
l'otntiorum oedes ostiatim dlens, aliquid acelplebat, canent carmina tus, concomitante eum puerorum 
ehoro. * llautus Ampl. * Ter. Act.  .Seen. 3. Adelph. Heglo. " Donat. vtta eJus. :I:" Reduced 
to tlae greatest ,ecetsity, he withdrew from the gaze of the publie to the most remote village in 
 E'ilitl, « ¥iatarc.h. It e}us. • Vita Ter. t Gomhm, 1b. , . 21. de 



234 Cause of A[el:mclwl#. [Part. 1. Sec. 

scorned his old familier friend because of his apparel, SHominem videolgannts , 
anaisqu obstrue, ldc ego illum contempsi prce me. King Persius overcome 
sent aletter to «Paulus 2Emilius, the Roman general; Persius I ). Consuli, S. 
but he scorned him any answer, tacitè exprobransJTzrtunara sua»t (saith mine 
aathor), npbraiding him with a prescrit fortune.  Carolus Pugnax, that great 
duke of ]3ttrmmdy, ruade H. Holland, late duke of Exeter, exiled, rue after 
lais hotte like a lackey, and would take no notice of him: n'ris the common 
fashion of the world. 8o that such men as are poor may justly be discontent, 
melancholy, and complain of their prescrit misery, and ail may pray with 
i Solomon, " Give me, O Lord, neither riches nor poverty i feed me with food 
convenient for me." 

SUSEC. VII.--A heap of other Accidents causing Mdancholy, Death of 
.Friends, Losses, &c. 
Ir this labyriuth of accidentel uses, the faxther I wander, the more intri- 
eate l find the passage, multce ambages, and new causes as so many by-paths 
oflr themselves to be diseussed: to seareh out ail, were an Hereulean work, 
and fitter for Theseus: I will fvllow mine intended thread i and poiat only et 
some few of the ehiefest. 
Death of Friends.] Amongst whieh, loss and death of ft'iends may chal- 
lenge a tiret place, muhi tristantur, as :¥i'es well observes, post ddicias, con- 
vivia, dies ]tos, many are melaneholy after a feast, holiday, mer] T meeting, 
or some pleasing sport, if they be solitary by chance, left alone to themselves, 
without employment, sport, or want their ordinary eompanions, some et the 
departnre of friends only whom they shall sh¢,rtly sec agate, weep and howl, 
and look after them as a eow lows after ber ealf, or a ehild takes on that goes 
to sehool after holidays. Ut ¢rt¢ levârat tuus adventus, sic discessus o.tixit, 
(which §Tully writ to Atticns) thy coming was hot so welcome to me, as thy 
departm was harsh. /Iontanus, consil. 132. makes mention of a country 
woman that parting with ber friends and native place, beeame grievous]ymelan- 
choly fi,r tnany years; and TrallJanus of another, so caused for the absence of 
ber husband: whieh is an ordina:y passion amongst out good wives, if their 
lausband tart T out a day longer than his appointed time, or break his bout, they 
take on l»tsently with sighs and tears, he is either robbed, or dead, some 
nisehanee or other is surely beKtllen him, they cannot eat, drink, sleep, or ho 
quiet in mind, ti|l they see him agate. If parting of ft4ends, absence alone 
tan work sueh violent effects, what shall death do, when they must eternally 
be separated, never in this world to meet again1 This is so grievous a rot- 
ment tbr the time, that it takez away their appetite, desire oflife, extinguisheth 
aH ddights, it ¢attch deep sighs aud groans; tears, exclamations, 
(« 0 dulce genen matri 8 anga|s mets, 
Eheu tepentc. &c. --  flos tener.")| 
how]ing,'roaring, many bitter pangs (¶la.rnent£s çemituque et fcemineo ululatu 
ec$a.fremunt), and by frequent meditation extends so far sometimes, "  they 
think they see their dead friends continually in their eyes," observates imagi 
s, as Conciliator confesseth he saw his mother's ghost presenting herself still 
belote him. Quod nimls miseri volunt, lwc facilè cre.dunt, still, still, still, that 
good lather, that good son, that good wLfe, that dear friend rune in tbeir minds: 
To$us animus ]zc u cogitatio defaz'us est, al] the year long, as **lliny coe- 

• Ter. Eunuch. Act. 
per annum Comlng 
$ De attim, cap. de mcerore, § Lib 12. Eplst. |" Oh eweet offsprg, oh ny ver-/blol; 
olt tcnder flower," &c.  Vlrg. 4. n. a l'aires mortuos coram atantes et filios &¢. lrcellu$ 
Don&tire. ** l»it. lib. 2. ,ïrgiaium videos audio, deftmctum cogito» al/oquor. 



5Iem. 4. Subs. 7.] Other A cddens wnd Grevances. 

plains te Romanus, "methinka I ste Virginius, l hear Virginius» I talk with 
¥irginius" de. 
« s Te slne, væ mlsero mlhl, lllla nl9"a vldentur, 
I'«tllentesqtte rose nec dulce rttlens hyacinth 
Nttllo nec myrtua nec lauran sph'&t odore." 
They that are most staid and patient, are se furiously carried heaoeong by the 
passion of sorrow in this case, that brave disereet raen otherwise, oftentimes 
forget themselves, and weep like children many months together, « + as if that 
they te water would," and wilt net be comforted. They are gone, they are 
gone; what shall I de  
"Abstullt air& dies et funere merslt acerbe, "Fouutaln of tear who glves, who lends me gro&ns 
Quisdabit/n lachrymas fontem mihi t quis satLsaltos Dcep sigh s,tfllcient te expre my moans 
Accendet gemlus, et acerbe verb& dolori t }line eye are dry, my brea$t in plece torn 
Exhaurit pietas oculos, et hl&ntia frangit tly losn no great, I c&nno enongh mourn." 
]'ectora, nec plenos sri,le sinit edere quettt 
Magn& ade6 jactur& premit»" &c. 
80 Stroza Filius, that elegant Italian poet, in his Epicedium, bewails his 
father's death, he could moderate his passions in other matters (as he confess- 
eth), but net in thLs, he yields whvlly te sorrow, 
 l'unc fateor de terg& mali$, mens Illa fafl$cit, 
lndomitus quondam vigor et const&nti& mentir.  
ttow doth  Quintilian complain for the loss ofhis son, te despair almost: Cardan 
lainent his only child in his book de librispropis, and elsewhere in many other 
of his tracts, +St. Ambrose his brother's death? an e9o possum non cogitar« 
d« te, sut sine lachrymi. cogitare ? 0 amar dies, ô £q.ebiles noctes, &c. "Can 
1 ever cesse to think of thee, and to think with sorrow? O bitter days, O 
aights of sorrow," &e. Gregory ffazianzen, that noble lulcheria ! 0 decorem, 
&c..flos recens, pullulans, &c. Alexander, a man of most invincible courage, 
after TIephestion's death, as Curtius relates, tr£duumjacuit ad moriendum obstl- 
naus, lar three days together upon the ground, obstinate, to die with him, and 
wou]d raeither est, drink, nor sleep. The woman that communed with Esdras 
(lib. 2. cap. 10.) vhen ber sou fell down dead," fled iato the field, and would 
hOt return into the city, but there resolved to remain, neither to est nor drink, 
but mourn and fast until she died." "lachel wept for ber children, and would 
avt be comforted because thcy were sot." lIatt, il. 18. So did Adrian the 
emperor bevail his Antinous; ttercules, Hylas; Orpheus, Erydice; David, 
Absalom; (O my dear son Absalom;) Austin his mother/Ioaica,/çiobe ber 
children, insomuch that the  poets feigned ber to be turned into a stone, as 
being stupificd through t]c cxtremity of grief, °Egeus, signo lugubrifdii 
consternatus, in »rare se prœeciltem dedit, impatient of sorrow for his 
death, drowned himsel£ Our late physicians are full ofsuch examples. ]Ion- 
«anus, co¢//. 22. ° had a patient troubled with this infirmity, by tesson of ber 
husband's death, mny years together. Trincavellius, l. 1. c. 14. bath such 
another, almost in despair, after lais  mother's departure, ut sefermè pcœecilo- 
rem dater; and ready through distraction to make uway himself : und in his 
Fifteenth counsel, tells a story of one fifty years of age, "that grew desperate 
upon his mother's death ;" and cured by Fallopius, fell many years after into 
a relapse, by the sudden death of a daughter which he lmd, and could never 
after be recovered. The fury of this passion is so violent sometimes, that if 
dauntswhole kingdoms and cities. respasian's death mas pitifully lamented 
all over the Roman empire, totus orbis lugebat, saith Aurelius Victor. Alex- 
ander commanded the battlements of bouses to be pulled down, mules and 
horses to bave their maries shorn off, and many common soldiers fo be slain, 
to accompany his dear ttephestion's death; vhich is now practised amongst 
* CslphtWntus Groecus. ' Wlthout thee, shl wretchecl me, the lilies lose their hitenes, the rose 
eome pallia, the hyscin th forget$ te blush; nelther the myrtle ner the l&urel retslns its odeurs."  Chaucer. 
i Proefat. llb. 6. Lib. de obitu SatyrI fratris. Ovid. Met,  PLttt. vLta ej,. 
artn& me, lancholic& oh mortcm rnaxitL £Z rntri obia in desl¢rationem incidit. 



the Tartars, when Ca great Cham dieth, ten or twelve thousand must be slaln, 
men and bornes, ail they meet; and among those the "l°agan Indians, their 
wives and servants vÇluntarily die with them. Leo Decimus was so much be- 
wailed in lome after his departure, that as Jovius gives out, "communes so-u, 
]oublic h/r/tas, the common safety of all good feilowship, pe°ce, mirth, and 
i)lenty died with him, tnquam eodem sepulchro cura Leone condia l«gebantur ; 
for it was a golden °ge whilst he lived, «but after his decease, an iron se°son 
succeeded, barbara v e2 foeMa vastitas, et dira ra omnlu», iwommoda, 
wars, plagues, vastity, discontent. WhenAugustusCoesardied, saithPaterculus, 
orSi ruinam timueramus, we were ail afraid, as ifheaven had iallen upon out 
heads. «Budoeus records, how that, st Lewis the Twelfth his death, tam subit° 
mutato, ut qui pri digit coelun attingera vntur, nurec humi fepev 
serpere, sideratos esse diceres, they that were erst in heaven, upon a sudden, as 
if they had been planet-strucken, lay grovelilng on the ground; 
["  Concuis cecidere auimia aeu frondibus Ingen 
Sylv dlet lapsis': 
they looked like cropped trees.  t Nancy in Lorraine, when Claudla ra]esia, 
Henry the Secord French king's sister, and the duke's wife deceased, the 
temples for forty days were ali shut up, no prayem nor masses, but in tha 
room where she was. The senatora ail seen in black, and for a twelve- 
month's spac« throughout the city, they were. forbid to sing or (lance. 
 § Non ulli pastores illis egcre diebus I « The swalns forgot their sheep, nor near the brlnk 
Frigida (Daphne) boves ad flmaina nulla ne¢ Of running waters brought their herds to drink; 
amnem 
Llbavit luadrupes» nec graminia attigit herbam. "° I The thirsty cattle, of themselvea, abstaln'd 
From water, and their gra.a¥ rare disdaia'4.  
]-Iow were we affecd here in England for our Titus, de/- huraani gener, 
Prince Henry's immature death, as if ail our de°test friends' lires had exhal- 
ed with his Il Scanderbes death was not so much lamented in Epirus. In 
a word, as °he saith of Edward the First st the news of Edward of Caernar- 
von his son' birth, inmortaliter gavisus, he was immortally glad, may we 
say on the contrary of friends' deaths, inmortoliter gementes, we are diverse 
of us as so many turtles, eternally dejecd with it. 
There is another sorrow, which arises from the loss of temporal goods ard 
fortunes, which equally affiicts, and may go hand in hand with the preced- 
ing; loss of rime, loss of honour, office, of good naine, of labour, frustrate 
hopes, will much torment; but in ray judgment, there is no torture like unto 
it, or that sooner procureth this re°lady and mischief: 
« • Ploratur la¢hrymts amlssa pecuala verts:  I « Lost money la bewatled with grief slncere :" 
it wrings true tears from our eyes, many sighs, much sorrow îrom our hearts 
and often causes habitual melancholy itselî, Guianerius, tract. 15. 5. repeata 
this for an especial cause: "YLoss or" friends, and loss of goods, make many 
men melancholy, as I bave ofçen seen by continual meditation of such things." 
The saine causes Arnoldus Villanovanus incu]cates, Jreviar. l. 1. c. 18. e 
'erura amssone, damno, amicor»m morte, &c. Vant alone will make a man 
mad, to be 5'ana argent wili cause a deep and grievous melancholy. ]Iany 
persons are affected like • Irishmen iu this behalf, who if they have a good 
scimitar, had rather bave a blow on their arm, than their weapon hurt: they 
will sooner lose their life than their goods: and the grief that cometh hence 

«Mathlas  hIichou. Boter. Amphitheat. tLo. Vertoman. M. Polua Venetus, lib. 1. cap. 54. perlmunt 
eoa quos in via obvioa habent, dicentcs, lte, et domino noatxo regi aervite in alia vifs. Nec tare in homine$ 
iris°niant aed Lu equo &c. • Vit° eJua. * Lib. 4. vitœ eJua, auream oetatem ¢ondiderat ad humant 
generis ealntem qnum nos tatim ab optimi prIncipis excessu, verè ferream patexemur, famem, pestera, 
t Lib. 5. de asae. f Maph. 
-- a-   mau u© wa et o. caner°eg. lib. 13. hier. Mat. Paris xJuveaali 
• Mu]ri qui res ara°tas perdideranr ut filios, opes» non sperantes recuperare propter as$idoam tatium con- 
|iderationem melancholici flunt ut ipse viril 



Mem. 4. Suba 7.] Other Accidents and Grievances. 

237 

¢ontinueth long (saith  Plater) "and out of many dispositions procureth an 
habit." • lKontanus and Frtsemelica cured a young man of 22 years of age, 
that so beeame melancholy, oh amismm teeunim, for a sure of money whiell 
he had unhappily lest. Skenckius hath such another story of one melancholy, 
because he overshot himself, and spent his stock in unnecessary building. 
 Roger, that rich bishop of Salisbury, ex'utus opibus e eastris à 1« Stephano, 
spoiled of his goods by king Stephen, v/doloris absorptus, atqu in amentiara 
versus, idcan2iafecit, thtough grief tan raad, spoke and did he knew net whaç. 
othing se familiar, az for men in sueh cases, thtough anguish of mind te 
make away themselves. A poor fellow went te bang himself (whieh Ausonius 
bath elegantly expressed in a neat f Epigram), but finding by chance a pot of 
rnoney, flung away the tope, and went merrily home, but he that hid the gold, 
when he missed it, hanged himself with thag tope which the other ma had 
lefç, in a dizeontented humour. 
« At qui condlderat, postquam non reperit aurum 
Aptavlt collo» quern reperit 
Such ferai accidents can want and penury produce. Be if by suretyship, shlp- 
wreck, tire, spoil and pillage of soldiers, or what loss secret, it boots net, if 
will work the like effect, the saine desolation in provinces and cities, as weil 
as private perons. The Romans were mierably dejected after the battle of 
Cannoe, the men amazed for fear, the stupid women tore their hair and crie& 
The YIungarians, when their king Ladislaas and bravest soldiers were slain by 
the Turks, Luctuspublicus, &c. The enetians, when their forces were over- 
corne by the French king Lewis, the French and Spaaish king, pope, emperor, 
ail conspired against them at Cambray, the French herald denounced open 
war in the sente: Lauredane tr«netort:, du., c., and they had lest Padua, 
]rixia erona, Forum Julii, their territories in the continent, and had nov 
nothing left but the city of Yenice itself, et urbi quoque £psi (.ith  Bembus) 
tlmendura put«rent, and the loss of that was likewise te be feared, tantus 
doler omnes t«nuit, ut tunquam allas, çc., they were pitifidly plunged, nevcr 
belote in such lamentable distress. Anno 1527, when Reine was aacked by 
]urbonius, the common soldiers ruade such spoil, that ç.dr § churches wero 
turned te stables, old monuments and books ruade horse-litter, or burned like 
straw; relics, costly pictures defaced; altars demolished, rich hangings, 
carpet.s, &c., trampled in the dirt.  Their wives and loveliest daughters con- 
stuprated by every base cullion, as Sejanus' daugher was by the hangman in 
public, belote their çathers' and husbands' çaces. loblemen's children, and of 
the wealthiest citizens, reserved for princes' beds, were prostitute te every cern- 
mon oldier, and kept fr concubines; senators and cardinals themselves 
dragged along the streets, and put te exquisite torments, te confess whero 
their money was hid; the rest murdered on heaps, lay stinking in the streets ; 
infants' brains dashed out belote their mothers' eyes. A lamentable sight i 
was te sec se goodly a city se suddenly defaced, rich citizens sent a beggiug te 
Yenice, laples,kncona, &c., that ersg lived in all manner ofdelights. "çThoso 
proud palacesthat even new vaunted their reps up te heaven, were dejected as 
lowas hell in aninstant." Whom will net such miserymakediscontent ] Terenco 
the poe drowned himself (seine say) for the loss of his comedies, which soEered 
shipwreck When a poor man bath ruade many hungry meals, got together a 
small sure, which he loseth in an instant; a scholar spent many an hour's atudy 
te no purpose, his labours lest, c., how shouId it otherwise be I may con- 



238 Causes of fdancholy. [Part. 1. Sec. 2. 

du,le with Gregory, temporagiura amer, quantum a.fci cùm heeref poeses,*io, 
tantum quura subtrahitur, urlt doler; riches de net se much exhilarate us with 
their possession, as they torment us with their ]oss. 
Next te sorrow still I may anaex such accidents as procure fear; for 
besides those terrors which I have  before touched, and many other iars 
(which are infinite) there is a superstitious fear, one of the three great causes 
of iar in A ristotlc, commonly causd by prodiges aud dismal accidents, which 
much rouble many of us. (,Vezcio qid animus mihi prcesag, it m/di.) As if a 
hure cross the vay at our going ïortb, or a rueuse gnaw our clothes: if they 
bleed three drops al nose, the sait ihll towards them, a black spot appear iu 
their halls, &c., with many such, which Deh']o, Tom. 2. l. 3. $«$. 4, Austin 
:Niphus in his book de Auguriis, Polydore Vi.g., l. 3. de Prodi9iis, Saris- 
burisls, Polycra. l. 1. c. 13, discuss al large. They are se much affected, 
that with the vc T strength oï imagination, iar, and the devil's craft, ""they 
pull those misfortunes th%v suspect upon their own heads, and that which they 
fear shall conte upon them," as Solomon ibretelleth, Prov. x. 24. and Isaiah 
denounccth, lxvi. 4. vhich if "° they could neglect and contemn, would net 
come te pass, Eorum vites nostrd resident opinione, ut uîrbi graviras oegrotan- 
tium cogitatio, they are intended and remitted, as our opinion is fixed, more 
or less. :N. :N. dal pcenas, .ith t Crato of such a one, utin.'tm non attralret: ho 
is punished, and is the cau of it  himself: 
* Dura fatafugimus, rata tulti incurrimus, the thing that I feared, saith 
Job, is fallen upon me. 
As much we may say of them that are troubled wit.h their ibrtunes; or ill 
destinies ibreseen : multos angit prcescientia malorm: The ibrekffi,owledge of 
what shall corne te pass, crucifies many men: tbretold by astrologers, or 
wizards, iratum ob coelum, be il iii accident, or death itself: which often t'ails 
out by God's permis.ion; quia doemonem tim«nt (saith ChtTsostom ) Deus ideo 
lermittit accidere. Severus, Adrian, Domitian, can testiir as much, of whoso 
tar and suspicion, Sueton, Herodian, and the test ofthose writers, tell strango 
stories in this behali:  Montanus, consil. 31. hath one example of a young 
man,exceeding melancholyupon this occasion. Such irs bave still tormented 
mortal men in all ages, by tesson of those lying oracles, and juggling priests, 
TThere was a f,untain in Greece, near Ceres' temple in Achats, whero tho 
event of such diseuses was te be known; ".4, glass let clown by a thread," &c. 
Amongst those Cyanean rocks sg the springs of Lycia, was the oracle of 
Thrixeus Apollo, "where ail ibrtunes were ibretold, sicknea, health, or whag 
they would besides :" se common people bave been alvays deluded with future 
events. At this day, Metusfuturorum maximè torquet ,5'inas, this ibolish iar 
mightily crucifies them in China: as  Matthew Riccius the Jesuit inibrmeth 
us, in his commentaries ofthose countries, of ail nations they are most super- 
stitious, and much tormented in this kind, attributing se much te their divina- 
tors, ut ips« metus .ridera facial, that fear itself and conceit cause ig te  fall 
out: ifhe ibretell sickness such a day, that ver T time they will be sick, v/metds 
afflicti ir cegritudinem cadunt; and many limes die as il is foretold. A truo 
saying, l'inwr mortis, mort« pejor, the fear of death is worse than death itselt; 
and tho memorT ofthag sud heur, te seine ibrtunate and rich men, "is as bitter 
as gall," Ecclus. xli. 1. Inquietam nobis vilain facit mortis us, a worse 
plague canaot happes te a man, than te be se troubled in his mind ; 'tis tf/ste 
divortium, a henry separation, te leave gheir goods, with se much labour got, 

• Sect. 2. Merab. 4. Subi. 3. fcar frein orninous accidents, destinies foretold, • Accersunt sibi malurn. 
• SI non observemus, nihIl valent. Polidor. f Consil. 26. t. 2. • Harra watch, harm catch. * Geor. 
Buehanan.  Juvenis solicitus de futuris frustr factus melancholicu. " Pausanius in Achalels, tib. "/. 
Ubi omnturn eventus diguoscuntur. Speculum tenui suspeasum ftmiculo dernittunt : et ad Cysea.* petras 
ad l.yciœe fonte.s, &c.  Expedit. tu Sinus, I;.b.l. ©. 3.  Timendo proeoccnpat» quo'l vital s uàtto 
provocatque quod rugit» gaudetque moereus et labens miser fuit. HeinsitLs Autl'ic. 



Bfem. 4. Subs. 7.] Otlr Aeeklnt and Grvance. 

239 

pleasures of the world, which they bave so deliciously enjoyed, friends and coin- 
panions whom they so dearly lored, all af once A xicchus the philosopher 
bold and courageous all his lire, and g:xve god precepts de coremnend t morte, 
and against tbe vanity ofthe world, fo others; but being now ready to die him- 
self, ho was mightily dejected, lîe luceprioabor? his orbabor bonus  ho lamented 
like a child, &c. And though Socrates himelf was there fo comfort him, ubi 
tristina virtutujactaio, 0 Aoc? " where is ail yotr boasted virtue 
my friendl" yet ho was very timorous and impatient of death, much troubled 
in his mind, I»tbellis pavot et impatientia, &c. "O Clotho," Meg/tpets the tyrant 
in Lcian exclaims nov ready to depart, "let me lire a while longer.  I will 
give thee a thonsmd talents of gold, and two b,»les besicles, which I took from 
Cleocritus, worth a hundred talents apiece." "Woe's me,"  saith another, 
goodly manors shall I leave! what fertile ficlds! what a fine housel whaç 
pretty children ! how many servants ! Who shall gather my grapes, my corn 
Mu.t I now die so well settledi Leave ail, so richly and well provided ? Woe's 
me, what shall I do " °Animula vagula, bla»dula, qu nunc abibis 
To these tortures of fear and sorrow, ma)" well be annexed curiosity, that 
irksome, that tyrannisittg cre, nim/a solicitw_lo, "° superfluous industry about 
unprofitable things and thcir qualities," as Thomas defines it; an itching 
humour or a kind of longing fo see that which is hot to ho seen, to do 
which ought not fo be done, to know that  secret which should hot be known, 
to eut of the forbidden fruit. We commonly molesç and tire ourselves about 
things unfit and unnecessary, as Martha troubled herselfto little ptrpose. ]30 
it in religion, humanity, magic, philosophy, policy, any action or study, 'ris 
needless trouble,  more torment. For what else la school divinity, hew many 
d,»th it puzzle ? what fruitless questions about the Trinity, resurrection, elec- 
tion, predestination, reprobation, hell-fire, &a, how many shall be savel, 
damned What else is ail superstition, huç an endless observation of idle 
eeremonies, traditions What is most of our philosophy but a labyrinth of 
opinions, idle questions, propositions, metaphysical terms Socmtes, therefore, 
held ail philosophers, cavillers, and mad mon, ciree subtilia Cavillaores 1ro 
i»sanls habuit, palam os argueras, saith «Eusebius, because they commonly- 
sought after such things, qu nec lercild à nobis neue comprehendl postent, or 
put case they did understand, yet they were altogcther unprofitable. For 
what matter is it for us to knov how high the Pleiades are, how fir distan 
Perseus and Cassiopea from us» how deep the sea, &c. ? we are neither wiser, 
as ho follows it, nor mo, leser, nor botter, nor richer, nor stronger for the know- 
ledge of it. Quod supra nos nlh;l ad nos, I may say the saine of those geneth- 
iiacal studios, whaç is astrology but vain elections, predictions? all magic, but 
a troublesome error, a pernicious foppery? physic, but intricate rules and 
prescriptions philology, but vain criticisms? logic, needless sophisms meta- 
physics themselves, but intricate subtilties and fruitless abstractions? alchemy, 
but a bundle of errors to what end are such great tomes? why do we spend 
so mayyears in their sttdies Much better to know nothing af ail, as those 
barbarous Indians are wholly ignorant, than as some of us, to ho sore vexed 
about unprofitable toys: s$ultus labor es$ ineptiarum, fo build a bouse with- 
out pins, make a rope of sand, fo what end oui bono  He studies on, but 
as the boy told St. Austin, when I bave laved the sea dry, thou shalt under- 
stand the mystery of the Trinity. Ho makes observations, keeps rimes and 
easons; and as "Conradus the emperor would hot touch his new bride, till an 
astrologer had told him a masculine hour, but with what succcss  Ho travels 



2t0 Causes ofl$elaneoly. [Part. 1. Sec. 2. 

into Europe, A¢Lca, Asla, searcheth every cresk, se.a, clty, motmtain gulf, to 
what end Seeone promontory (said Socrates of old), one mountain, one sea, 
one river, and ses ail. An alchemist spends his fortunes to find out the phi- 
losopher's stone forsooth, cure all diseases, make men long-lived, victoriotm, 
fortunate, invisible, and beggars himself, misled by those seducing impostors 
(which he shall never attain) to make gold; an antiquary consumes Iris trea 
sure and rime to scrape up a company of old coins, statues, rules, edicts, manu- 
scripts, &c., he must know what wa doue of old in Athens, Rome, what 
lodging, diet, bouses they had, and bave all the present news at tàrst, though 
never so remote, before ail others, what projects, counsels, consultations, &c., 
quid ]uno in aurem insu,urret ]ov, what's now decreed in France, what 
Italy: who was he, whence cornes he, which way, whither goes he, &c., 
_kristotle must fiad out the motion of Euripus; :Pliny m*t needs ses Vesu- 
vius, but how sped they One loseth goods, another his liïe; lyrrhus will 
conquer Africa first, and then Asia; he will be a sole monarch, a second im- 
mortal, a third rich, a fourth commauds. " Turbine nagno Sl»eS sollvltce î., 
urblbua errant; we run, ride, take indefatigable pains, aH up early, down late, 
striving fo get that which we had bstter be without (Ardelion's btLsy-bodies 
as we are), it were much titrer for us to be quiet, sit still, and take our case. 
]:[is sole study is for words, that they be  I, epidce lexzis compostes ut tes- 
serulve omnes, not a syllable misplaced, to set out a stramineous, subject; as thine 
is about apparel, to follow the f«shion, to be terse and polite, 'tis thy sole 
busness: both with like profit, ttis onlydelight is building, he spends him- 
self to get curions pictures, intricate modcls and plots, another is wholly 
ceremonious about titles, degrees, inscriptions : a third is over-solicitous about 
his diet, he mus bave such and such exquisite sauces, meat so dressed, so far 
fetched, peregrni aeris volucres, so cooked, &c., something to provoke thirst, 
something anon fo quench his thirst. Thus he redeems lais appetite with ex- 
traordinary charge to his purse, iz seldom pleased with any meal, whilst a 
trivial stomach useth ail with delight, and is never offended. Another must 
bave roses in winter, alieni tem19orsflores , snow-water in summer, fruits beforo 
they can be or are usually ripe, artificial gardens and rish-ponds on the tops of 
bouses, all things opposite to the vulgar sort, intricate and rare, or else they 
are nothing worth. So busy, nice. curions wits, make that insupportable in 
all vocations, trades, actions, employmcnts, which to duiler apprehensions 
hOt offensive, earnestly ses -king that which others so scornfully neglect. Thus 
through ottr foolish curiosity do we mace'ate oursclves, tire our sou]z, and run 
headlong, through out indiscretion, perverse will, and want of government, 
into many needless cares and troubles, vain expenses, tedious journeys, pain- 
ful hours i and when all is dons, çuorsum hcec ? cui bono ? to what end  
«, t ,*escire relie tIuœ Mag|ser mx|mas 
Docere non vulg erutlita in,citia et. '° 
Unfortunate marrlage.] Amongst these passions and irksome accidents, 
fortunate marriage maybe ranked: a condition oflife appointed by Goal himself 
in Paradise, an honourable and happy estate, and as great a felicity as eau be«ll 
a man in thisworld, * if the parties can agree as they ought, and lire as 
"Seneca lived with lais Paulina; but if they be unequally matched, or at dis- 
cord, a greater misery cannot be expected, to bave a scold, a slut, a harlot, a 
fool, a fury or a fiend, there caa be no such plague. Eccles. xxvi_ 14. " He 
that bath ber is as if he held a scorpion," &c. xxvL 25, " a wicked wife makes 
a sorry countenance, a henry heart, and he had rather dwell with a lion than 
keep bouse with such a wife." ]=[er "properties Jovianus Pontanus bat 

• SeneoE tJo$. Scaligerln Gnomlt. OTo profes diMnc]inatlon for tht ]towledge whlchlseFond 
înr reach, is pedantic ignorance." • 
but ahe," &¢. c. • Lib. 17. epist. 105. 



]Iem. 4. Subs. 7.] Other Acciden and Grvvance. 

described at large, Ant. dul. Tom. 2, under the naine of Euphorbiu. Or if 
they be hot equal in years, the like mischief happen Cecilius 
lib, 2. cap. 23, oemplains much of an old wife, dura ej«« ri inAio, ego$ 
wrtuua vivo i$« vivos, whilst I ga after her death, I lire  dead maa 
amongst the living, or ff they slike ul»on ny occasion, 
«  $uge who that are fortutely e 
What 'tis te me iatc a lathcd beoE" 
The saine nconveaience befals women. 
. At vos 0 duH miseram ]ugete pnrente I « ard hearted parents both lamt rot 
I fo sut laqeo lv h me exsolv«e soe {  e I  or hg, to ee my ste." 
  younK çenlewoan in asH was marrieZ, th Fe]ix Lter, o,«. I. I, 
ko n ancient an aginst ber will, wom she cou[d hot agc ; she w con- 
tinually melancholy, and pined ay for r]f; nd thouh ber husband 
he couhl psiby fo ive ber courent,  a discontenteà humour 
anged hec[E [any other stories he relates in th tà. Th men are 
la«eà th women} tey aain wi en, wen they arc of dive umou 
an conàitions; he a spenàthrif, shc sparin; one honni, the other 
fooh son is an heaness to h mother." « n««rca: a stepmohcr 
ofçen vexe a who[e mily, is marrer o pentance, exercse o patient, fuel 
of dicnon, which ruade Cto's son exostulate wth s çather, why he should 
oger fo marry his clien Solinius" duher, a youn wenc, 
vam i««r; what offnce had he donc, hat he should mar again 
Unkind, unnatural fdends, evil neighboum, b rvants, debts, and dcbas, 
• c., tw Chilon's sentence, co oer alzi e lit t miseHa, misery and 
ury do coamoaly together ; suretyship is the banc of many families, Spot, 
proes5  : "he shall be soœe vcxed that is sumty fvr a stran$er," Prov. 
xi. 15, "and he that hah suretyship is sure," Conntion, bwling, law- 
auits, l[ing out of neighbou and ft'iends.iscord ns ( Vrg. 
6,) ara equai to the fim, griew maay a mn, nd vex his soul. Nihg san 
mil eoru», menl (  Boter holds), "nothing so miserable  such 
men, fuH of cra, icfs, anxieties,   they were sbhed with  sha 
svord, fear, suspicio desperation, sormw, arc their ordiua T cotonnions." 
Our elshmen are noted by some of their owa writers, to consume one 
aaother in th kd; but whosoever they ara that use it, thesc are their 
common symptoms, pecially if they be convict or ove»come,  cst in a sui. 
Arius pat out of a bishopric by Estathius, turned heretic, and lved afier 
discoaoeated aU his li[. Evcry p[ is of [ike nature; / 
 I D}sg, inmy, dtraction, will almost aff, ct  much and that 
lzg rime ater. Hippomx, a satica] pot, so vilified and lhed two pinte 
in his iambics,  a,¢o q s« su»ren,  F[iny ith, both hangd them- 
oelv. Al[ oppositios, danger, perplcties, discontents, Oto lire in any 
us[nse, are of the me rank : os hc sb ca,u ducer somno ? Who can 
bc ure lu sch cs Ili-boetowed benefits, inatiude, unthankf @iends, 
and much disquiet molcst me. Uakid spe«chcs tuble  many: uncivfi 
carriage or dogg aaswem, weak women above the rest, if thcy prcoed from 
their «rly hasbands, ace  bitter  gll, and hot to be digestcd. A glas 
man s il in Bfi became melaucholy becae hcr hbaad id he wod 



marrv aga]u if she died. "No cut te unkindnes.%" a the saying is, a frown 
aTd hard speech, iii respect, a brow-bting, or bad look, especaly te cour- 
tiers, or such  attend upon grt persons, is preseut death: Ingeuiusn 
statue cadit , they ebb and ow with their mters' ihvoum. Seine 
ns are at thcir wit' ends, if by chance they ovemhoot themlves, in 
their ordi sl»eeches, or actions, which may afer turn te their disadvan» 
rage or disgrace, or haro any secret discloseoE Repens, eFt. mc«l. 3, repors 
of a gentlewoman, 25 ycam old, hat falling foui with one of hot gossips, was 
upbraided th a cmt infirmity (no matter what) in public, and se much 
grieved th if, that she dld theupon $oliti quoerere, om ab s« abgare, 
 tan in grasimam indde ncllm, ontabe, foake all com- 
pany, quite mod, and in a melaneholy humour pine away. Other.s are 
much rtured te sec themselv rejected, conmned, oeorned, dibled, 
famed, detrted, uudervalued, or "t left belfiad the fellows." Lueian bng 
in tamles, a philosopher in his Lapith. convivio» mueh diseonated thag 
he vas net invited amongst the rest, expostulaing the matter, in a long epistl% 
with Aristeaetus the hos$ roetextat, a robed getlemau in hitareh» 
wod net sit do at a f, eau. he might no sit highest, bu wen his 
way8 all in a chaf We me the common quarrellin thag are ordinary with 
us, for taking of the wall, preoedcncy» and the like, which though toys in 
themselv, and things of no moment, yct they cause many distempel, much 
heart-buraing amougst us. othing pieroeth dr than a contempt or dis- 
ge,  espially  they be generous spirits, scarce any thing affecgs them 
more tllan te ho despioed or vifified. Crato, consg. 16, l. 2, exemplifics i and 
eommon experiece oonfirms it. Of the saine nature is oppression, Eccles. v 
7, « surely oppression makes a man mad," loss of ]ibery, whieh ruade Brutus 
venturo his le, Cato kill himsel and t Tully oemplaiu, Omen hirim 
in erpuun am, mine hea's brokea, I shall ncver look up, or be mer 
again,  lcactura intorab, te seine parties 't  most iittolerable los 
Banishment a 'eat miry,  Tyrteus describes it in an epigram of 
"m mlem t pat mlss laribu«que vagarl « miserable thlg "ris se te wander, 
Mencum, et timid vocc rogare cibos : Azzd like  beggar fur te hine at door, 
Omnibus invu quocunque accee:-it ezul Contemn'd f ail the worl an exile i 
8emper erig smper spret egensque jcëç" &c. Hate reoEe uedy »ill and poor." 
olynioes in hL coafrence with Jocas in Euripides, reckona up rive 
series of a bished man, tire least of which alone were enough  dcject seine 
œeusflianimo creaturcs. Oftentimes a too great feeliug of ont own iafirmi- 
ries or impeŒEEe¢tions of body or md, wilI shrivel m up;  if wo be long 
sick : " 
Ver floret 'ati absque te nemo btu$ : 
O blesoed healt.h «thon a above all gold and treasure," Ecclus. xx. 15, 
the poor man's riche, the rich nan's bliss, without thee therc OEn bv no h 
piness: or id with seine loathsome di, offeave te other or troubl 
seine te ourselves;  a stinking brth, dformity of out limhs, crookedns, 
lo of an eye, leg, hd, paleness, leanaess, mdness, baldn, loto or want of 
hair, &a, h& ubi fl« coepit, dites ict«s cordi inrt, ith  Synesius, he him- 
self troubled net a litfle ob co dctum, the lo of hair one, 8trik a 
cruel stroke te the he Acco, an old woman, oeeing by chance ber f 
 tme gl (for she used false flattering gloses befike at other tim,  most 
gentlewomen de), ani»,i e i,t ia»ti«m psa est (Coelim Rhogiaus, l. 17, 
c. 2), tan maoE » Brotheus, the son of Vtfln, beca ho was ridculom for 
bis jmeffectiom, flung himse to the   of Coth, new grown old, 
 Tue relinqut oe Hor.  Sclmu lm ffenero$ nar »ulh re citlus move, aut  acI 
qm oentemp ac dpictentia, z d tcm ebt. b. l.  Ebt. d Bz'ut.  la 



Mem. 4. Subs. 7.] Olh.er A,'_cide»ts nd Grlevaes. 

gtve up ber glass te Venus, for she could net abide te look upon it. «Quali# 
«cm noie, qulis er«m nequeo. Generally te fir niee pieces, old age and focl 
liaen are two mess odious things, a Serment of torments, they may net abido 

Il'car me, seine gracions hcnvenly power» 
Let lions dire th=s n =ked corse devour. 
/ly cheeks erc hollow wrnkl«s seLze 
Ere ver their roy bloom decays; 
Whi]e youth yet relis its vital flood, 
Le tigers friendl¥ ries In nl¥ blood." 

Te bc foui, ugly, and deformed, much herser be buried alive. Seine are fair but 
barren, attd that galls them. "/c[aunah wept sore, did net eat, and was troubled 
in spirit, attd 11 for ber barrenness," 1 Sain. i. and Gen. xxx. Pachel said 
"in the anguish of ber seul, give me a child, or I shall die :" another hath too 
many: one was never mrried, and that's his hell, another i., and that's his 
l,lagtte. 8ome are troubled in that they are obscure; others by being tradueed, 
slmdered, abused, disgraeed, vilified, or any way injured: mini» mir ces 
(as he said) qui in.sanb'a oecipiunt ezv burkî, I marvel net aS ail if offences 
rnke men maxi. Seventeeu particul«r causes of nger and offcnce Aristotle 
reckons them up, which for brevity's sake I must omiS. o tidings troubles 
one; iii reports, rumeurs, bd tidings or new hard hap, iii success, east in  
suit, vain hopes, or hope deferred, another: expeetation, adeo oranibus in 'ebus 
molesta semper est expectatio, as "Polybius observes; one is too eminent, an- 
other too base born, and that alone Serrures him as much as the test: ono 
is out of action, eompany, employment; mther overeome and tormented 
with worldly cres, and encrons business. ]3ut what tongue eau suflàee te 
speak of ail  
/$any men catch this malady by eting certain meats, herbs, roots, at 
umtwares; as hettbaue, nightshade, cicuta, mandrakes,/ce, °A eompany of 
young meu at Agrigentum in Bicily, OEme into  tavern ; where after they had 
fi'eely taken their liquor, whethr if were the wine itself, or something mixed 
with if 'Sis net yet known, "but upon  suddeu they began te be se troubled in 
their brains, attd their phautasy se crazed, that they thought they were in a 
ship aS sea, and new ready te be east away by reason of  tempest. Wherefore 
te avoid shipwreek attd present drowning, they flung ail the goods in the bouse 
out aS the windows into the strcet, or into the sea, as they supposed; thus they 
continued mad a pretty season, and beig bronght belote the magistrate te give 
au aeeouut of this their f«et. they told him (net yet reeovered of their mndness) 
that what was donc they did br fear of death, and te avoid imminent danger : 
the spectators were ail amazed aS this their stupidity, and gazed on them still, 
whilst one of the aneieutest of the eompny, in  grve toue, exeused himself te 
the magistrate upon his knees, 0 viri Tritones, ego n imo j«cui, I heseech 
your deities,/ce., for I was in the bottorn of the ship ail the while: another 
besought them as se many se godz te be good unto them, and if ever he and 
his fellows came te land again, he would build an altar te thcir service. The 
magistrate eould net sutïieieutly laugh aS this their mdness, bid them sleep if 
out, sud se went his ways. [any sueh accidents freqaently hppÇn, upou thesv 
unknown occasions. Seine are se eaused by plailters, wandering in the sun, 
biting of a maxi dog.. a blow on the hed, stinging with that kind of spider ealled 
tarantula, an ordinary thing if we may believe Skenck., l. 6. de Irsnis, in 
Calbri and Apuli in Italy, Cardau., subtil, l. 9. Scali#er, eercitt. 185. Their 
symptoms are merrily described by Joviuus Pontanus An. d/aL how they 

q E Cret. "Hot. Carre. Lib. 3. Ode 2T. , Hlst. llb. 6. s Non mlhi si censure ]ingute slnt, oraque 
eentum, omnin causarum percurrere nomina possem, • Celiu$, 1. 17. cap. 2. • Ira mente exagjtati sunt, 
ttt in triremi se eonstitttto puts, rent, marique v=gttbundo tempestate j':tto, proinde naufrgium veritt, 
egestis undique rebus wasa omuia In viam è fenestrts= eeu in mare prœecipitartmt: postridie &c. = Arata 
robin =ervatorlbu dJin erige.mua. 



dance a]togethcr, and are cure,l hy music, rCard:m spealq of certain stones, if 
timy be carried about one, which will cause melaucholy and madness; lin calls 
them unhappy, « an ad, tmaut, s,tit, &a," which d]T up the body, coe 
s, dimi.ish sleep':" Ctesi in Persicis, mak mention of a well iu those 
parts, of which if any man d'ink," "he is mad for 24 hour" Some lose tiroir 
wits by terrible objects (s elscwhere I have more bcopiouly dilatd) and life 
itself many times, as Hipi,olitus affcighted by el)tmm'ssea-hoes , Athema 
by Juno's ftries: but these relations are commoa in ail w'iter 
"• Hic ali poteram, et plur subneere ca ] "bIany auch ca, much more could I say 
S Jumeat vocan et ol c Edum oeL" ] but that lor p'ovender my cattle stay : 
The son dl d I mt n away." 
These cues if they be consided, and corne alone, [ do sily yield, oen do 
little of themselves, eldom, or pavt (an old ok is nt fclled at a Ulow), though 
any rimes thev are ail suoEcient eve one: yet if they oencur,  otten t.hey 
do, t unita f;   non obsu ngu, muoE oen, they my batter 
a rong constitution;  Austin i,I, "may grains and small sauds sink a 
ship, many small drops make a flvod," &c., ofçen rcitemd; many dispositions 
1)roduce an habit. 

]IEMB. V. 
SUISEcT. I.--Conitent, nward, anecede, nex causes, a»d 
w on t] Uiad. 
As a pufly huntcr,  bave hitheo beaten about the circuit of the foœest of 
this microcosm, and followed oly those outward adventitious OEuse I will 
now break into the inner rms, aud fip Ul» tho antecedent immediate 
which are there fo be found. F,»r  the distraction of the mind, amongst 
other outward us a,d urbations, alters the temperature of the body, 
so the distraction and dismpr of the body will cause a dtemperature of the 
o,1, and 'ris hard to decide hich of these two do more harm to thc other. 
lato, Cyprian, and some othet% as I bave formerly uid, lay the gt'eatt fitult 
upon the ul, excusing the bo,ly; others again accuttg the body, excuse the 
onl,  a p4tcipal agt.nt. Their remuons ara, oEuse ""the manue do 
follow the temperature of the body,"  Galen i»roves i his book of that sub- 
ject, Prosper G&ui  Atra big, Jo P.rate, a  $lun, Le»tnius, 
l. 4. c. 16. d many others. And that which Gualter hath commente, I, Iwm. 10. 
 ep£,t. Jonn, is most truc; concupiscenoe and original sin, inclinations, 
ami bad humoum, are radical in eve oue of us, cusing these perturbations, 
affections, and several distempe, offcdng mny timcs violence unto the souL 
" Every moEn is tempted by his ovn oencupiscenoe" (James i. 14), the spirit 
willin b.t the flesh is weak, and çebellt, th gainst the spirit, as ouç *apotle 
teacheth us: that methinks the soul hth the better pl against the body, 
which so fotibly bclines u that we cannot resist, ' nos obniti ctra, 
$e»ere tantum st»nus. H. the body being mterial, worketh upon the 
immaterial soul, by medition of humou aud spirits, wMch l»articil»ate of 
both, and ill-disposed ordres, Cornlius Agripl,a hath discom,, l. 1. 
occiS, l'£ilos, cal.. 63, 64, 65. Levimts lmmus, l. 1. d« oult. *mt. mit. 
cap. 12. « 16. « 21. i»,stitul, ad opt. vit. Perkins, lib. 1. Cases of Co. cci. 
12. T. Bright, a 10, 11, 12. " h tttise of mccholy," for  *anger, 
 LIb. de gemml. * Quoe gtatoe Infellm et tem reddnn K curm ugenK co lccanK mn 
iUUnt. a Ad UU die,l Inente aiienaf, v Pal't. 1. 3ect. 2. uboE. 3. 
t me'git iHmu ; qua]il miaule guttoe pluvloe I et taln imldent flDmin dotlt 
¢orporib. g Gai. b. b btcut ex anlml affcctioztib cot Igucit : aie ex coor ti et mot. 
borum vlerhque cuctib ,m vtdem hebei. G. 



l[e'm. 5. Subs. l.] Otr Accidents 

fear. sorrow, obtrectation, emulation, &c., si rnent. itbrtos recessus occuprint, 
saith I Lemnius, carpor/qw, q 6sta snnt,  li ris morbos inferunt, 
cus« ievo diseas in the body, so bodily ,liseas affcct th ul by cou- 
sent. N,»w the chieist caus proceed from th 
they are purer, er imputer, sois tire mind, and equally suffcrs, as  lute out of 
tune, ifone string or one org tu be distempered, uit the test mirry, Icorpus 
on.tutu/nis vki, an;»um quoq proegrav«t unà. The body 
OEiu*n animœe, her house, abode, and sy ; ad  a torch gi¢es  butter light, 
a sweeter smell, aoeording to the marrer it is ruade of; so &th out soul per- 
fi»rm ail ber action¢ betr or worse,  ber organs are disposed; or  wino 
savoure of the cask wherein it  kept ; the soul receiv a tincture from th 
body through which if wor. We o this lit old meu, ehfldren, Earopeans ; 
Asians, hot and cold d imes; sanguine are merry ; melancholy, and ; phlegmatic, 
dull; by reon of abuudance of tho humoum, and they nnot resç such 
psions which are itfiicted by them. For in this iufirmity of bureau nature, 
 MdanoEhou dedams, the undemtanng is so tiod to, aud captivated by his 
inferior senses, that without their hdp he nnot exerehe his fimctions, and 
the will being weakened, bath but a Slnall power to restrain those outward 
parts, but surs herself to be overruled by them 
with mni, spirkus  humor »ximum wcmntum obtb, spirits and 
humoum do most harm in troubling the soul. How should a man choo but 
be choleric and angry, that bath his body o dogged with abuadauoe ofgmss 
humonml or melancholy, that h so inrdly dtsposedl That thenee cornes 
¢hen this nmlady, madness, apoplexies, lethargi, &c., it may hot ho deniod. 
Now this body of ou is most parç dtemped by uome prceedeut die 6 
which molest his inward orgaus and instruments, and sop consueas cause 
melancholy, eording to the consent of tho most approved physieians. "=This 
humour ( &vioeuna, l. 3. Fen. 1. Tract. 4. e. 18. Araoldus, breui tf. l. 1. e. 18. 
Jacchinus, ctt, in 9 Rhasis, c. 15. 5lontaltus, 
Mdan. &e., suppose) la begotten by tho distemperature of some inward part, 
in, or left afr aome tflammation, or elso ineluded in the blood after 
*age, or zome other maliguant dise." This opiuu of thes ecurs with 
that of Galen, l. 3. e. 6.   at. Gauefi gives an instance in one 
so OEmed by a quartau agtm, and Montanus, . 32.  a young man of 
twenty eight yeam of age, no stempet. i after a quartan, which had mold 
him rive years together: Hihlesheim, spkd. 2.  Maniâ, relates of a Dutch 
n, grievously tormend with melaneholy afer 
atra bi&, e. 4. purs the plague a u. BomIdus in his bok  lue ver. . 2. 
the French pox for a ca, othem phrensy, eplepsy, aplexy, beca those 
dise do often degenette into thé. Or" suppression of hemorrhoids, 
hoemorrhagi or bleeding at the nooe, meastruo tteations (although they 
deserve a larger expiicatto  beiug tho sole cause of a proper nd of me- 
lancholy, in more altCielit maids, nana and widows, handled apart by 
icus h Ctro, and Meretus, as I bave elwhere sigltified), or auy other 
evaation 8topped, I bave al'eady spoken. Oaly ths [ wiil add, that this 
melaneholy whl¢h shafi be ead by such infirmiti, derv to be pi6e4 
of ail men, and to be respected with a more tender compassion, aeeordmg 
enti, m g from a more evitable 

' LIb. I. e I6. t CoSporls lt|dem ntor)| afi|niatri pe) nçh a lege conorfll acln et qnafl. 
]llIlllUr l'ri .i pa,'tm intempefle Reneratur vel rellnqalr post inflaml.gtio.oE 'eJ cr i. t-B eonclus 



8sEe."r. II.--Distem1eratur« f partndar Parts, Causes. 

Ta'ERE is almost no part of the body, which being diztempereJ, doth hOt 
cause this malady, as the brain and his parts, he:trt, liver, spleen, stomach, 
matrix or womb, pylorus, mirache, mesentery, hypochondries, meseraie veins 
and in a word, saith «Arculanus, "there is no p.trt which causeCh hot melan- 
choly, either because itis aduat, or doth hOt expel the superfluity of the nutri- 
ment. Savanarola, Pract. ¢najor. 'ubrie. 11. Tract. 6. cap. 1. is of the 
opinion, that melancholy is engendered in each partictdar part, and "Crato 
consiL 17. lib. 2. Gordonius, who is instar omnium, lib. zred, partiz. 2. cap. 19. 
confirm as much, putCing the "° raatter of melancholy, sometimes in tho 
stomach, liver, heart, brain, spleen, mirache, hypochoudries, when as the 
melancholy humour resides there, or the liver is no trll cleused "from 
melancholy blood." 
The brain is a familiar and frequeng cmse, too hot, or too col,l, "through 
adust blood so caused," as hIercurialis will have if, "within or wih,,u tho 
head," the brain itelf being distempered. Those are most apt to this dis- 
ease," ° that lmve a hot hearC and moist brain," which hIontaltus, cap. 11. d; 
A[elanch. approves out of Halyabbas, Rhasis, and Avicenna. /[ereurialis, 
consil. 11. .ssigns the eoldness of the brain a cause, and Salustiu. 
nd./ect. 1. 2. c. 1. " will have if "arise from a cold and dry dLstemperature 
of the brain." l°iso, Benedictus Victorius Faventin,m, will have it procee 1 
ïrom a " hot distempcrature of the brain ;" and  3hmtaltus, cap. 10. fro:a 
the brain's heat, scorching the blood. The brain is still distempered by him- 
self, or by consent: by bimself or hi proper affeet.ion, as Favençintts calls it, 
"" or by vapours which arise from the oCher parts, anl fume, up into tho 
head, altering the animal faculties." 
Hildesheim, spizel. 2. dr A[an, thinks i may be caused ri'oto a " distem- 
perature ofthe heart; sometimes hot; sometimes cold." A hot liver, and a 
cold stomach, are put for usuM causes of melancholy: Mercurialis, cosil. 1 l. 
ed eonsil. 6. eonsil. 86. assins a hot livr and cold stomach for ordinary cttes. 
° Monavius, in an epistle of his to Crato in Scoltzius, is of opinion, that hypo- 
chondriaoel melncholy may procecd ff'oto a cold liver; the question is there 
discussed. /Iosg agree that a bog liver is in faulC; "'che liver is the shop of 
humou and especilly causeth melancholyby his hot and dry d istemperature. 
° The stomaeh and meseraic veins do often coucur, by reason of their obstruc- 
tions» and Chence their heat cannot be avoide,l, and many rimes the matCer 
so adust and inkiamed in those parts, that it degenerates into hypoehondriacal 
melancholy. ' Guinnerius, c. 2. Tract. 15. holds the meseraic veins to b a 
sufficient catlse alooe. The spleen concurs go thi malady, by ail their con- 
ents, and suppression of hemorrhoids, dum non expurger altera causa lien, 
ith Montaltus, if it be "gtoo col,l and dry, and do hot purge the other parts 
ha it ought," ¢onsil. 23. Montanus pus the " spleen stopped," for a great 
cause.  Christopherus à Vegu reports of lais knowledge, tbat he hath knowu 
melancholy caused from putrefied blood in thoseseed-vcins and womb; " A.rcu- 

q Ad nonnrn lib. lllmsls ad Almansor. e. 10. Unlvemallt h qnaque rte e fled melanclmlie«s. 
Vel qui« aditur, vel quia non exllit supeuitatem excrementi, r A Liene, jecinor utero, et aliis 
artib oritur. * Mat-a Melancholi e aliqndo  cord in stomacho, hept ab h}ndt'ii mh 
npien cure ibl ranet humor melancholicus, t Et sanne adto, intra vol extr put.  Qui 
lidum cor nt, eebrum humidum, facile mancholici, z Sequitur melocholia malam intemperieu 
frigidam  icm ipg cereb 
ffi Vel p propriam afftionem, vel r nsu cure vapor halut in eebrum. MOhair. p. 1. 
m Aut ibi giitur meucholic fum aut de vehitoe, teraudo imal ftat. » Ab intem- 
pee r modo dior mo igidiore. « Êplst. 209. ScoltziL  Officm humom, hepnr conci 
c. • Ventc  venoe mr cun quod boe part obstructoe sun &c. «Per e u- 
nem adurent, s Li 
• A ssnguinis put, in 
uo  melcholim -rsç -r utfactouc v dtiouem. 



'em. 5. Sb-. 3.] « 
lanus, from tbt mentruous bloed tued into mdchly, nd  too ln 
detained (  hae lred declred) bï putrefacton or dtion." 
The menterium, or mdrff, diaprgm, is  ee veh the ree 
ealled çei,=,: beoEuse by h inmmatioa the d is much troublcd with 
eonvuions and doge. Ail the, most parç, offead by inflammation, cor- 
rupting humou and spkit, in thh non-natural melaneholy : for from the 
e engeadeœed fuligiao aad bek spirits. And for that rn  MontMt 
cap. 10.  vas moen. will bave "the efficient oe of melneholy to be 
hot and dtT, no a eold and dry disemperaturc, 
of the bmin, rting the blood, immoderate heat of the ver uad we, d 
inflammation of the pyloru 
len holds, "all spices iufl«me the blood, solitarine waking, a, study, 
mediatioa, ail whieh heat: and theoefore he eeludes thag t dismpera- 
turc OEusin adventitious melucholy is no cold aad dry, but h aad dry." 
But of this I have ufficiently treated in the matter of melneholy, and hold 
that th may be tme lu nou-atal melaneholy, whieh produoeth 
but hOt  that natur.d, whieh is m-e eol and beiag immerate, produoeth 
a geatle doage.  Which opinion Oeraldus de Solo maintins  h com- 
ment upon has. 
Aa  tedious diseourse OE the general es of melncholy, I ara now 
retumed at lt to toet in brief of the three particular 
 predy appe¢iu uato them. Although th causes promeuously eon- 
eur  h aad every particular kind, and eommonly produoe the effe 
tht p whieh is mosç wk, iH-disposeoE and le able to rest, and 
ea ail threo spies, yet many OE them nre proper t sme e kin ami 
sddom round in th rcs.  f« example, he«d-melaneholy  eommonly 
ed  a eobl or hot temperatnre of the bra, ueoertng o urtius, 
cep. 5  l«. buç  *ereul de Saxoni£ eçends, rom hat agit.ion 
or dLmrature OE the animal spirits aloue. Salt. Salvuus, befe mea- 
tione, lb. . cp. 3. de re . 
of nguml melncholy, euch 
 pub. 8. nd viceun, "»  oeld and moi in i8 n inserable com- 
pnioa of tblly." ug his adveniio melanchol which 
ced ofa hog ad dr dtemperagure, 
2. ghn, nd moȍ wri: loma nd Pio OEil ig ""n iage burning 
iemperçeue $uruig bloed 
opnion my gand goo a Bruel 
c«lu, "" ff he brain be hog» the nimM spirit will be hog, and henoe come 
ar«b, gcag melancholy o be 
t.ading " ioelf: c«;dper cn,ry per se» hog  accidenç only ; I m 
of Capival nd for my p. ow 
omeçime i  uce " $he , eLmes çined i he membra 
aad tunict tt c the ain, metimes  the Fg of the ventcl of 
the ,  veim OE the ventricl It foflows many ti « «pensy, long 
de, agu, lg ade in hot plnces,  under t sun, a blow on th 
h,"  Ris formeth us: Pm adds mtirin, wakg, inflamtio 
quod mti opln  ot enim  ore rebri e sange, c., tutu quod arom nguinem 
inceudl, litudo, vigil feis  
&ç. = b. I, . 13.  Melch. * b. 3. t. th.  I. pA fmuite inp 
rabl eoeei gida. q Ab turbo 
er eub l sut percionem  ite. . 13. Hb. 1. 



cf the head, proceeding most part * from much use of spices, hot wine.s, hot 
meats: ail which Montanus reckons up, consiL 22. for a mclancholy Jew ; and 
]tleurnius repeat., czp. 12. «le Matia: h,,t baths, garlic, onions, saith Guiaue- 
rius, ba,l air, corllWt, much Zwakin. &c., retentton of seed or abundance, 
stopping of hoemorrhagia, the midriff msaffected; atd accordmg to TralliantL, 
L l. 16. i,nun»dcr.tte cares, trouble, g,'iets, disco»riront, study, meditation, and, 
in a word. the abu.e of ail those six noti-natural things. Hercnlcs de Sax-fi 
cap. 16. l/b. 1. will bave it causcd from a r cautery, or bil dried up, or an 
issue. Amatus Lusitauus, veut. 2. c«ra. 67. gives instance in a fcllow that ha, l 
a hole in his arm, "* after that was heaIed, tan mad, and when the wound 
wa.n open, ho was cured again." Tri,eavellius, con«//. 13. lb. 1. bath an example 
of a nmlancholy man no eau'l by overmuch eontinuanee in the sun, frequent 
use of venery, nd inmoderate exercise: and in his cons. 49. l/b. 3. ti'ora a 
• hetdpieee overheated, which caused head-melancholy. Prosper Cnlenu 
brings itt Cardinal Coesius tbr a pattern of such as are so mcl.ncholy by long 
"study; but examples are infinite. 

Svscr. IV.--Causes of 12Zypoclwndt'aeal, or lVind MelanclwD d. 
I repeating of these causes, I must crambem bia coctam apponere, say 
that again whieh I have formerly said, in applying them to their proper speeies. 
lffypoehondriaeal or flttuous melancholy, is that w hieh the Arabians ea}l myra- 
ehial, and is in my judgment the most grievous and freq,tent, though Bruel and 
Laurentius make ig least daagerous, and not so hard to be kuown or eured. 
]_[ia causes are inward or outward. Iuwar,i from divers parts or organs, as 
midriff, spleen, stomach, liver, pylorus, womb, diaphragma, mesernie" veins, 
topping of issues, &e. lIontaltus, cap. 15. out of Galen reeites, "heat aud 
obsttaxction of those meseraic vcins, aa an imnediate eause, by whieh means 
the passage of the ehilus to the liver is detained, stopped or eorrupted, and 
turnedintorumblingandwind." ]lontanus, cons/L 233,bath anevident demon- 
stration, Triucavellius another, lib. 1, cap. 12, and Plater a third, observat, lib. 1, 
for a doetor of the lavz visited with tkis infirmity, ïrom the said obstruction 
and heat ofthese meseraic veins, and bowels; quoniam inter ventriculun etjecur 
venoe effervescut, the veins are inflamed about the liver and 8tomach. Some- 
times those other parts at together misarfected ; and concur fo the production 
of this malady : a hot liver and cold stomach, or cold belly: look for iustances 
in Hollerius, Victor Trincavellius, consil. 35, L 3, H ildeheim, Spicd. 2,fol. 132, 
Solenander, consil. 9, pro cire Zugduenzi, Montanu8, con.çil. 229, for the Earl 
of Monttbrt in Germany, 1549, and Frisimelica in the 233 consultation ofthe 
said Montanus. I. Coesar Claudinus gives instance of a cold tomach and over- 
hot liver, almost in every consultation, co. 89, for a certain courir; and co. 
106, for a Polonian baron, b¥ reason of heat the blood is iuflamed, and gross 
vapours sent to the heart and braia. ]lercurialis subseribes to them, cow. 89, 
"° the stomach being misaffected," which he calls the ki,g of the belly, becauso 
if he be distempered, ail the rest surfer with him, as being deprived of their 
nutrimint, or iëd with bad nourishment, by means of which corne cruditivs, 
obstructions, wind, rumbling, griping, &c. ttercules de Saxoniâ, besides h('at, 
rill have the weakness of the liver aud his obstruction a cause, foE-ultalem 
debiIn jeclnoris, which he calls the minerai of melancholy. Laurentius assig'ns 
this reason, bc.cause the liver over hot draws the meat undigested out of the 
stomach, and burueth the humours, hlontanus, 

• Qul blbunt vlna potentla, et s,p sunt sub sole. z Curoe valldoe, larglores viril et aromatum usu. 
lA caulerio et ulcere exaiccato, t Ab ulcere carato !ncilit in insaniam, apcrto vulnr¢ curatur, sA 
galea nilnis calefacts.  Exurltur sanguis et venoe obntrttun[ur, quibus obtructis pl'o||iUetur ITIISi[US 
Clfi|l ad jecur, corrumplUtr et in rugittts et flatus vertitttr, • omacho leo robttr corlori tmmiuuatur, 
et reliqua membra ahmcato orbat t:. 



Ieta. 5. Subs. 5.] Orner .4¢tlcnls and Grcvanccs. 

ti.es a cold liver may be a canse. Laurentius, c. 12, Trincavelli«s, lib. 12, 
conMl., and O,alter Bel, seen,s to ]ay the greatest thul ni»on the sl,lec], 
that d,,th no his d«ty i. pnrging tire liver  he onght, bci.g too grcaç, vr too 
littlv, in drtwing tuo much blvod omtimes toit, aad uot explli,g it, as lç 
Cuc:niandrus in a cousultatin vf his ntd tu»ore» luis, hv names it, and 
the tbuntain of mclaacholy. Diocl«s SUl»losd the grund of thi kind of 
mclancholyto procerd fi'o:n the inflammativ;i ofthe pylorus, wbich la the nrthcr 
mouth of the vent*icle. Othem assign the mesenrmm or mi'iffdist«mIr¢,[ 
by ht, the womb miff«ctd, stopl,ing of hoemorrhoids, with many such. 
which Laurentius, cap. 12, reduceth to three, mentery, liver, and spleen, 
from whence he denominates hepatic, splenetic, and meseraic melancholy. 
Outward uses, aoe bad dmt, OEre, griefs, dionteuts, and in a word ail thoe 
six no-natural things,  Montamm fouud by his experience, cotsil. 24 
Solenander, con. 9, tbr a citizen of Lyons, in France, gives his ma(ler to 
understand that he knew this mischief procured by a mediciue of cantharidcs, 
which an uuskilhd l»hysieian ministercd his patient  driak  ve'e»t 
$a». But most commonly fr, grief, and zome sudden commotion, 
perturbation of the mind, begm it, in such bodi especially as are ill-dis»ed. 
5lelanct.hon, trot. 1, cap. 2.  anin,â, will have it  common t men,  tho 
mother to womcn, upon some grievous trouble, dihe, psion, or discontent. 
For as Camerarius reco in Iris life, Melaucthon himoelf w much trouble4 
with it, and therefooe could 8peak out of experience, h[ontanus, consil. 2 
pro ir«n Jæo confirma it, "grievous sympms of t.he mind brought 
to it. ndolotius relat of himself, that being one day very tent to wmte 
out a physician's nos, molested by an oceion, he fell into a hypochondriaeal 
fit, to avoid which he drank thedeeuction of wormwood,and was freed. «Meluc- 
thon (" seeiug the die la 8o tmublesome and fi'equent) holds it a most nece 
ry and profitable study, for every man to ow the accidents of it, and 
dangerous thing to be ignorant," and would theoefo bave all men  zomo 
sort  uademtud the caes, symptoms, and cur of it. 

V.--Causes of ][e[ancho[y from the whole JBoe[y. 

As befor% the cause of this kind of melaucholy is inward or outward. 
ward, "when the liver is apt to engender snch a humour, or the s[leen weak 
by nature, and hot able to discharge his office." A melancholy temperature, 
retention of hoemorrhoids, monthly issues, bleeding st nose, long diseases, 
agues, and all those six non-natural things i,crease it. }3ut especially bad 
diet, as Fiso thinks, pulse, sait meat, shcll-fish, cheese, black wine, &c. 
curialis out of Averroes and Avicenna condemns all hcrbs: Gal«n, l/b. 3. de 
loc. affect, cap. 7, espccially cabbage. So likewise fca; sorrow, discontents, 
&c., but of thesc bcfore. And thus in brieï you have had the gcneral anti 
l)articular catses of melacholy. 
:Now go and brag of thy present happness, whosoever thou ar, brag of tby 
temperature, of thy good pars, in.suit, triumph, and boast; thou seest in what 
a brittIe tate thou art, how soon thou mayest be dejected, how mauy several 
ways, by bad di«t, bad air, a amall loss, a litt|e sorrow or discontent, an aguc, 
&c. ; how many sudden accidents may procure thy ruin, what a small tenuro 
of happiness thon hast in this life, how weak and silly a creature thou art. 
"tIumble thyself, therf, re, under the mighty hand of (d," 1 1)etcr, v. 6. 
know thye|i acknow|dge thy prenent mis¢ry, and make right use of it. 



230 S,jrptom of Md«,d¢.ly. [Part. 1. Sec. 

Qui sta videat ne cadat. Thou dost now flourish, and hast bma animi, corpo- 
ris, et fortunce, goods of body, mind, and fortune, nescis quid se'rus secum vesper 
ferat, thou knowet hot what storms and tempests the late evening may briug 
with if. ]3o no secure then, " be sober and watch," jf«rtunam reverenter 
ltabe» ff fortmaate and rich; il" ick and l)oor, moderat¢ thyoelï I bave said. 

SECT. III. ]IEMB. I. 
Paslvs, a painter of Athen, among$t those Olynthian oeptives Philip 
of Iacedon brought home to sell, *bought one ve old man ; and when bu 
had him at Athens, put him to extoeme torture and torment, the better by 
example to express the pains and paasions of his Prometheus, whom he was theu 
about to paint. I need hot be so barbarous, inhuman, curis, or cruel, tbr this 
purpose to torture any poor melancholy man, their symI,m are plain, obvious 
and miliar, Chere needs no mch accumte observatiou or tr-fetched object, 
they delineate themsclv, tbey voluntarily betray themelves, they are too 
frequent in ail places, I moet them still  I go, they oennot conceal it, their 
grievances are too well known, I need ,ot seek r to describe them. 
8ymptoms tlmrefore are eit.her "iversal or particular, ith Gordonius, 
l. d. cap. 19, »art. 2, to peons, to specie» : "some sis oee secret, some 
mitës, some in the body, some in the mind, and dively vaT, according 
to the inward or outward causes," Cappivaccius: or from star% according to 
Jovianus Pontanus,  r. coest, lib. 10. cap. 13, and celestial influences, or 
from the humours dively mixed» Fich(m, l. 1, cap. 4,  sanit, tuendd : 
 they are ho¢, col, l, natural, unnatural, intended or remitd,  will tius 
bave /la llr multormia, diveity oï melancholy signs. Lauren- 
tius cribes them to thcir several temperatur, dclights, natures, inclinations, 
continuance of rime»  they are simple or mied with other dees,  the 
OEus are diver% so must the sig be, almoet infinite, Altomarus, cal». 7. art. 
wd. And as 'ine produceth vers eflect% or that herb Toocolla in Lau- 
rentius» "which makes some laugh» some weep, me sleep, some dance, some 
ing, some howl, some drink," &c.»  doth th our melancholy humour work 
several sis in several parties. 
But to confine them, the general symoms may be reduced to those of 
the body or the mind. Those usual signs appearing in the bodies of such as 
are melancholy, be these cold and dry, or they are hog and dry, m the humour 
is more or less adust. From =these first qualiti arise many other second, 
as that of oelr, black, 8warthy, pale, ruddy, &c., me are impe$ rri, as 
Iontaltus c.tp. 16, obrves out of Galen l. 3,  c act, very red and 
high coloured. Hippocrates in  book  i;an  . reckons up thèse 
signs, that ey aro "«lean, withered, hollow-eyed, look old, wrkled, harsh, 
much troubled with wind, anda griping in their belh,or belly-ache, belch of ton, 
d bellies and hard, dejected looks, flaggy beards, singing of the eau, vertigo, 
ght-headed, httle or no slip, and that inteupt, terrible d feaul eams," An sor, quæ e peam in t ? The me sympms are 
repeated by Melanefius in his book of melanchvly collecd out of Galen, 
 Anlç.  See et. llb. 10, ont. 9. s Qoœedam  lafi qoed manift 
qnoedam in core, qdam in oegitatlone et anim% quœedam h tell qdam ab htobuN quoe ut vinum 
corpus vaè disponi &¢. Dvema phanmata pro varietste  eateroe 
" fol. 17. Ad ej .m slil an il vun flen bun saltan alii den iremun dormiunt, &c. 
v T. Brigh p. 20. ¢ Nicit hic hum iquando percalefactuN iquando perfrigeiacms. blelanel. 
è Gal. v lnteree F. Cah-o « O¢uli h exvgntur, venti giunt circum prordi et acidi 
i £«rè vtr vertigo, tiuit auri» omni p omnia tcrriba et 



]Iem. I. Subs I.] 

8ymptom, of tt 

.o1 

uffus, 2Etius, by Rhasls, Gordonius, and all the juniors, "° continual, harp, 
and stinking belchin, as if their ment in their stomacha rere putrefied, or 
that they had eaten fish, dry bellies, absurd mtd interrupt dreams, and many 
phantastieal visions about their eyes, vertigiuous, apt to tremble, and prone to 
venery." «S orne. add palpitation of tbe hem, eold sweat, as usual symptoms, 
and a leaping in many parts of the body, saltum in muhis COrlXS partibus, a 
kind of itehing, saith Laurentius, on the superfieies of the skin, like a flea- 
biting sometime  ]Iontalttm, cap. 21. puts iixed eyes and much twinkling of 
their eyes for a sign, and o doth Avieenna, oculos habettes palp£tntes, $rerntdi, 
t.eheme«$er rubicundi, &c., lib. 3. Fen. 1. Tr«wt. 4. cap. 18. They stut most part, 
which he took out of Iippoerate' aphorisms, • Rhasin makes "head-ache 
and a binding heaviness for a principal token, mueh leaping of wind about the 
skin, as well as stutting, or tripping in speeeh, &e., hollow eye, gross veins, 
and broad lips." To some too, if they be far gone, mimieal gestures are too 
tamiliar, laughing, grinning, fleering, murmuring, taiking to themselves, with 
trange mouths and faces, inartieulate voiees, exclamations, &c. And although 
they be eommonly lean, hirsute, uneheerfui in eountenanee, withered, and 
so pleasant to behold, by reason of those eontinual fears, griefs, and vexations, 
dull, henry, lazy, restlcss, unapt to go about any business; yet their me-aories 
are most part good, they have happy wits, and excellent apprehenions. Their 
hot and dry brains make them they eannot sleep, Ingedes hab..ut et erebras 
vigilias (Arcteus), mighty and often watchings, sometimes waking for a month, 
a year together.  Hercules de Saxor, iît faithfully averreth, that he hath hearl 
his mother swear, she slept hot for seven montlm together: Trineavellius, 
2. eons. 16. speaks of one that waked 50 days, and Skene -k.ius bath examples 
of two years, and ail without offcnee. In natural actions their appetite is 
greater thon tlmir concoction, mult« appetun$, pauca digerunt, a hasis hath 
it, they eoYet to eat, but eannot dige.t. And altbough thcy °' do car mucb 
yet they are lean, ill-liking," aith Areteus, "withered and hard, much troubled 
with costiveuess," erudities, oppilations, spitting, belehing, &e. Their puise 
rare and dow, except it be ot' the « Carotides» whieh is very strong; but that, 
vries aecording to their intendcd passions or perturbations, as Struthiu. 
bath proved at laroEe, ,Sgrnatizoe artis, L 4. e. 13. To sy truth in such 
ehronie diseases the puise is aot mueh to be respected there being so mueh 
superstition in it, as  Crato notes, and so many dihèrenees in Galen, that ha 
dates say they rnay hot bc obseaed, or nnderstood of any man. 
Their urine in mot part pale, and low eoloured, urina Tauca, actes, $ilosa, 
(Aretet), not much in quantity ; but this, in myjudgmen, is ail out as uncer- 
tain as the other, varying so often aeeording to several persons, habits, and 
other occasions hot to be respected in ehronie diseases. " Their melancholy 
excrements in ome very mueh, in others little, as the spleen phys his part, » 
and thence proceeds wind, palpitation of the heart, short breth, plenty of 
humility in the stomach, heaviness of henri and heartaehe, and intolerable 
stupidity and dulness of spirits. Their exeremerats or stool hard, black 
some and little. If the hem't, brain, liver, spleen, be misaffeeted, as usuallï 
they are, many ineonveniences proeeed from them, many diseases aeeompany 
as ineubus, * apoplexy, epilepsy, vertigo, those frequenç wakings and erribl 

• Assldnoe ele cldoe rnctatione qtloe croum lm OEle dor, et  tale gestn 
sl referont oh crudiaem. Ventr his aridi, mnus plemque parcus et interrupt mnia aurdis. 
sim tbenl COllOnS emOIç capltia avedo, sWepit cca aur e vn mte oc  venerem 
proie, t Altomru Bruel, P» MontaRus.  Fruet bb oerum nlctation iqui 
tamen fixls ocm plemque st. ffi Cent l. I. Tract. 9. Sl]a buj morbl sunt plnrim It 
sonit aurium, capitis avedo, lines flbal, oeuP eantur, &c.  lu Pant p. de MeneboEi 
ffi Alv afid nibl deJicien e p nibiin tamen egtenuetisunt. =Nie. P. Inflat csrotidam 
&c. t Anroe Duditb Rbo. . Hb. 3. Crat. epi mu[ta  puib mupeitio, a eti cer 
toi dlfferenti q dcribuntur k Galeno, nue intclli à quoquam nee observa poe. « T. Bright# 
ap. 2o. d Post 0 Ktet n» ith Jncchin i 1 .. 9 Rh. ]d Icrc'ia co. 6. T 



256 Symi»t,ns of MdanHtoly. [Part. 1. Sec. 3. 

spice of this disca.e, for when he was tormented with the pain of his stomach, 
]Je had a conceit to make away himseI£ Jdius Cœe.sar Claudinu co. 
had a Polonian to his patient, so affected, thut through fear and soow, with 
xvhich he w still diuieted, hated hh own lit, wished for death evcry mo- 
ment, and tobe freed of his mioery. Meoeurialis another, and auother that w 
often minded to dispatch himoelf, and so contiuued for many yea. 
Sl»i , jey.] Suspicio and jealousy, are general symptoms: they 
are commonly distrustful, apt to mistake, and umplify,fi irasc,  testy, 
petth, poevish, and ready to snarl upon every ffi small ooeion, cure am- 
simis, aud without a cae, &ttum vel  doeum, it will be scan&dum cel»tum. 
If they speak in jest, he takes it in goed rnest. If they be hot saluted, 
invited, consulted th, called to counsel, &c., or that any respect, small 
l,liment, or ccremony be omitted, they think themselves neglected, and 
temned; for a rime thut tortures theln. If two talk together, discoue, 
whisper, jt, or tell a tale in generaÇ he thinks preoently they mn him, 
appes ail to maelf,  se tat nia did. Or if they taik with him, he is 
rey to misconste every word they sk, and interpret it to the womt; he 
cannot endure any man  look steadily on him, speak to him almost, ug 
jet, or be familiar, or hem, or point, cough, or spit, or make a noise som 
times, &c.  He thin they laugh or pot at him, or do it in disaoe of 
him, circumvent him, contemn him ; eve man looks at him, he is pale, red, 
sweats for fear and anger, lest meby should observe him. Me works 
npon it, and long after th flse conceit of an abuoe troubles him. Iontauus, 
co. 22. giv stance in a melancholy Jew, that was Ir AdO, 
o wph and suspicio tare fi iratus, that no man cod tcll how to 
ca himoelf  his company. 
Iwotan.] Inoetant they are in all their actions, veinous, res 
le unupt  relve of any business, they ll and w not, penaded to and 
fro upon every small occmsiou, or word spoken : and yet ff once thy be resolved, 
obstinate, hard to be conciled. If they abhor, dlike, or diste, onoe se 
tled, though to the better bv odds, by no counsel, or peuasion to be removed. 
]et in most things waverng, irolute, unable to deliberate, through fear, 
facunt,  mox facti pœeenitet ( Areus), avari, et paulo post odigi. Now pro- 
digal, and then covetous, they do, and by-and-by repent them of that which 
they have done,  tiret both vas they are troubled, whether they do or do 
hot, waut or have, hit or ms, disquieted of all hands, on wry, and stiH 
seeking change, oestlzss, ] say, fickle, fugitive, they may hOt abide to tarry 
in one place long. 
sS, Romoe OEç optans, ssfntfm tic urbem 
ToHit ad tra" 
o company long, or to persevere in any action or bine. 
s « Et similL« rem pueHN papnare minutltm 
Posciç t ira mm lallre 
errions u]eased, and anoH il,lsed ,  a an thafs itten with fl, or tat 
cnnot leep turus to and fro in his d, their restless lnin re toed 
vary, they ve no patieuce to rd out a bok, to play out a ganle or two, 
walk a mlle, sit an bout, &c., erected and dcjected in an stant; ted to 
ndertake, and upon a word spoken again doeouged. 
]'e.] Extreme piona Quicq volu vJè voZunt; and 
what they desil'e, tlwy do lnOt trioly soek : anxious ever and verysolicitou 
distrusttl, aud timoro» euvio, alicious, proi one w% ping ano- 
t Luger  semper tat, lltudinem amt, moem sibl Wccar, vitam Wopam odio haut. = Facilè 
I: irln incidunL At. a Ir $ie  velocit ir. Svurola_ pr. mor. veloCi[ iroe sig oto. 
Avinn L 3. FCn. 1. a. . cap. I gor siue  » picio dsdcni Syml»oma[ Credo 
Yp. Julio Alexmdrlo cons. 15 ol[zii. s Hot.  At Rom wishing tor he ficl; In the country» 
extolling the city tç the nkie«." s P. Sat_ 3. 18. 



thet; but most part covetous, muttering, replning, dlscontent, and still com- 
pl,ining, grudging, peevish, injuriarum tenace, proue te revenge, soon troubld, 
nd most violent in all their imaginations, net affable in speech, orapt te v,fl- 
ça• comidimeut , but surly, dull, sa, l, austere; cogitabundi still, ve T in,eut, 
and as bAlbertus Durer paints melancholy, like a sud woman leaniug on hcr 
arm with fixed looks, neglected habit, &c., held therefore by seine proud, sort, 
sottish, or hall-mari, as the Abderites e.teemed of Democritus: and yet of 
deep reach, excellent pprehension, judicio,s, wise, and witty: for I ara 
oï that nobleman's mind, "]lelancholy advanceth men's conceits, more thau 
any humour whatsoever," improves their meditations more than any strong 
drink or sack. They are of profoundju,lgment in seine things, although in 
others non rextè jzdicant inqueti, saith Fracastorius, lib. 2. de Itell. And as 
Arculanus, e. 16. in 9. Rhavs terres i, Judicium plerumoEue pe•ve•sure, cor- 
rupti, cum judicant honesta inlwneta, et amiciti.m haberd pro iMmicitia : they 
couat honestydishonesty, frienh as enemiea, they will abuse their best friend., 
and dure ner offcnd thcir enemies. Cowards most part et ad in.fvrenda» 
jurera timidlssi«ni, saith Ca•dan, lb. 8. cap. 4. de verum varietate: loth te 
offcml, and if they chance te overshoot themselves in word or ded: or 
small business or circumstance be omitted, forgotten, théy are miserably tor- 
mented, and frame a thound dangers and inconveniences te themselves, ex 
muses ciel)hantera , if once they conceiç it: overj,»yed with every good rumeur, 
raie, or prosperous event, transporte,1 beyond themselves: with every small 
cross ain, bad news, misconceived injary, loss, danger, affliced byond mes- 
sure, in great agony, perplexed, dejected, astoaished, impatient, utterly 
doue: fearfitl, suspiciotts .of al]. Yet again, many of them desperate hare- 
brains, rash, careless, fit te be assassins, as being void of all fcar and sorrow, 
according te « Herculcs de Saon/â, « ÆIost audacious, and such as dure walk 
alone in the night, through deserts and dangerots places, fearing noue." 
Amrous.] "They are proue te love," and easy te be takea ; Propersi ad 
ara ven et excandescentlam (,krontaltus, vap. 21). quickly enamoured, and dote 
upon ail, love one dearly, till they see another, and then dote on ber, Et banc, 
e/nc, et OEtm. et omaes, the prescrit moves most, and the lsç commoaly they 
love best. Yet seine again Antrotes, canner endure the sight of a woman, 
abhor the sex, as that saute mclaucholy °duke of Iuscovy, that was instantly 
sick if he came but in sight of them; and that • Anche•ire» that fcll into a 
cold palsy when a womau was brought belote him. 
Hun'ous.] Hume•eus they are heyind all measure, sometimes profusely 
laughing, extraordinarily merry, and çhe again weeping without a cause 
[which is iamiliar with many gentlevomen), groaning, sighing, pensive, sud, 
almost distracted, multa absurda flngunt, et à vatone allena (saith aF•arabe- 
sa•tus), they fign many absurdities, vain, void of ressort: one supposeth him- 
self te be a dog, teck, bear: herse, glass, butter, &c. tic is a giant, a dwarî 
as strong as an hundred men, a lord, duke, prince, &c. And if he be çold he 
bath a stinking breath, a great nose, that he is sick, or inclitmd te such or such 
a diseuse, he bulieves if eftsoons, and perad-enture by force of imagination 
vill work it out. Iany of them are immovable, and fixed in their conceits, 
others vary ut.on every object, hcard or seeu. If they sec a stage-play, they 
rus upou that a week after; if they heur music, or see dancing, they have nought 
but bas-pipes in thir brain ; if they see a combat they are ail for arma.  If 
abued, an abuse troubles thcm long aftc»i i/'erosscd, that cross» &¢. 

b In his Dutch work pmture. « Iloward, ep. 7. differ, d Tract. de meL cap. 2. loctu alubulant 
per syivaa, et Ioca periculosa, ueminem tffiluent. * Facilè aluant. Altolu. * Bodine. Cio. blj ,r vtiz 
pawulu, foi. 202. laulus Abbas Ereluits tana olitud ne Ierseerst, ut nec eem nec vultum mullcrt$ 
ferre possi, &c. • ConsulL lib. 1. 17. Cuns.  Gene-tly as they are pleed or lisplvased o ar 
thon- continual cogtationa pleiag or dipleaiag. 



2.58 Sy,n2to...ns of.l[da=dt»Iy. [Part. 1. Sec. 3. 

in their thoughts and actions, continually meditating, Vdet te.Tri so,'n».ht, v:tnoe 
Jï.nguntur speqes; more like dreams, than men awake, they fain a company of 
antic, fanttical conceits, they bave most frivolo thoughts, itnpossible to ho 
effeeted ; and mefimes think verily they hear and sec prent before their 
eyessuch phantms or goblins, they fear, saspect, or eoneeire, they still talk 
with, and fiHow hem. In fine, coyatio,t s,»:nn,tus sim, id vigib, ng, 
qd ii snnt cogabundi: still, saith Aficennu, they wake, s othm 
dtam, and such for the most part are their imagination.« and conceit tab- 
surd, vain, foolish toys, yet they are  most curious and solicitous, continual, 
e supra dun, R/, eont. l. 1. cap. 9. prœeditanttr d aliq «. As 
serious in a toy, m ifit we a most necery business, of grt moment, im- 
poanco, and still, stfil, still thinking of it: soeviu bi se, macettiug them- 
selves. Though they do talk with yo«, and seem to be otherwe employed, 
and to your thinkiug very latent and busy, still that toy runs in their mind, 
that fear, th.tt suspicion, that able, that jealousy, that agony, that vetion, 
that cross, that tle in the air, tht crotchet, that whimsy, that fiction, that 
pleaut wakiug dream, whaoever it is. Nec itrrogant (saithtFrac 
torius) c interrogat r«t$ responnt. They do hot much hced what you 
say, their nd is on" another marrer; mk what you will, thçv do hot attend, 
or much intend that biness they are about, but forget themselves what 
they are ying, doing, or shod othrr,v say or do, whither they are gdng, 
dtracted with their o melanch,Ay thoughts. Oue ughs upon a suddeu, 
another smiles to himoelf, a third frowns, cal, s lips go still, he nets with 
his hand as he walks, &c. 'Th propet to ail melancholy men, saith Mer- 
ciali, con. 11. " SYhat conceit they bave once entertained, to be most 
innt, violent, and continually about if." Invit omuril, d what they may 
they cannot be rid of if, against their wills they must thiak of it a thoan.l 
tes over, Perpet mo'tantur nec oblivd possunt, they are coutually 
troubled with it, in company, out of company ; at ment, at exercise, at ail 
tim and pla, =non inu , q miti volunt, cogitare, if it be offen- 
sive especially, they oe.nnot forger it, they may hot test or slcep for it, but 
still tormeuting themlves, Asiphi saxum wlvutt si i2s ,  Bruuer 
observes, Perpetua calamitas  merabi flagellun. 
asloEabs.] r Crato, «Laurentius, and Fcrnelius, put bshfulness for au 
ordinary symptom, subrusticas pud,r, or vitsus pr, is a thing which much 
haunts and tormeuts them. If they have bcen misused, derided, dis'aced, 
chidden, &a, or by any perturbation of mind misaffccted, it so fr troubles 
them, that they become quite moped mauy ti mes» aud so disbeartened, dejected, 
they dare hot corne abroad, into stmuge companies especially, or tonnage their 
ordinary aŒEtir so childish, timorou and bashIhl, they caa look no man in 
the te; some are more disquieted in this kind, some les, longer some, othe 
shortm by fits, &c., though some on the other side (according to "Fcacastorius) 
be inecui et pertbt, impudent and peevish. But most part they are 
very shamefaced, and that makcs them with Pet. Blesensis, Christopher U 
wick, and many such, to oefuse honours, ooEces and prcferment6 which some- 
rimes fart to the mouths, they caunot speak, or put forth theelvcs m 
othem can, tinwr h9s, pr inpedit s, timoromness and bmhfulness hinder 
their pfoceedmgs, thcy are coatented with their prient estate, unwilling to 
deake any oce, aud teretb never likely to fise. For that cause they 
sldom vhiç he ieads» exoept some faliars: ])auciui, of few word 

I Omne exercent vanne lntensque anlml eogitatlone& (lq. Piso Bruel) et aiduoe, k Curiosi de rebu 
Zninimis. Aretcus. t Lib. Z. de Intell. m lloe meht ,cholicis omuibus proprium, ut quas semel 
imaginationea valdWreeelerint, non facile rejiclant, sed hoe etiam vel invitLe semper occurrant, • Tuiliu 
Oe .enect. • oniL med. pro Hypochuudraco. • on.sil. 43. q ap. 5. • Lib. 2. 



1lem. 1. Subs. 2.] Sym1toma ofthe 2[ind. 

and oftentimes wholly silent. "Frambeseriu, a Frenehmnn, had tre such 
patients, omnino tacittrnos, their friends eouhl net get them te speak : 
ctts à FoOE, copule, rem. 2. 85. cent. giv instance in a young ma of 
tweuty-seven ye of age, that was frequently silent, b.tshfifl, moped, solitaT, 
th-tt would net eat his ment, or sleep, and ver agŒin by fits apt te be anwy, &e. 
Slltaris.] hlo.t part they are, as »later notes, de,b, taclturd, œegr$ 
i»puld  nii ti proced, tnt, g'c, they will searee be eompelled te de tbat 
which eonoerns them, thotgh iç be for their good, se di lent, o dull, of smali 
or no oempliment, unsoable, hard te be aequainted witb, espwially of stran- 
gers; they had ratber write heir minds thau spea and above ail things love 
solitariness. Oh vol,zptatem, an oh tinorem soli t ? Aoe they se solitry for 
1,levure (one asks) or poEin 1 for both ; yet I r«ther thiak ç»r fcar au I sorrow, &e. 
«" [line metuunt cupiuntque, dolent fttgintque» nec  « fiente 'tl they eve 
Respiciun c]al tenebris, et crcere coeco." " 
As Bellerophon in lIomer, 
"Qui mir in ylvl moeren e3bat opaei, [ « That wanflered In the wood. d, all alone, 
llJnO nuum cor edcn hominum vtigi4 vitan." Fursang men'n soeiety, mag great moan." 
They delight in flooda and wam, dert ple, fo walk alone in orchard, 
grdens, privte wMks, b.tek l,u, aver ri'oto eompmy, n Diogenes in hi. 
tub, or Timou lhnthropoE% ffi they abhor all companious at last, even their 
neart acqttaintances and most famili«tr friend., for they have a confit (I 
every mu observes them, will deride, lugh to scorn, or misuse them, confining 
tltemlves therefore wholly to their priv houses orchambe,tginthomi 
siw cas (saith his) e 9dio l,bea, rond. l. 1. c. 9. they will diet themselv, 
feed nd lire alone. It was one of the chiefest ro why the eitizens of 
btlera spected Democritus to be melandxoly and mad, becau that, as 
ippocrates related lu hs ep[stle to Philopoemeues, "rhe fomk the city, 
lived in groves md hollov tree upon a green bank by a bmok side, or eon- 
flueuoe of watts all day long, and ail night." Quw qu sth he) lttrimu 
atra bilg vexatis oe »wncholicis gvviunt, serta'eçntant, iwmbtu» coa- 
gressun avg«santur; "which is au ordinary thiug with melancholy men. Tbo 
Egyptia therefore in their hieroglyphioE expresd a melancholy man by 
hare zitting in her form. a being  most timorou nd solitry cretm, Prius 
Hieroffqgh. l. 12. But this, and ail preçedent symptoms, aoe more or le 
pparent, as the humour is intended or remitd, hardly perceived la som or 
hot at ail, most manifezt in othera. Chihlh in me, terrible in othe; to bo 
àerided in one, pitied or dmired in auotlxer; to him by fits, to  œeeond eonti- 
nuate: and howoeever thee symptoms b coin mon and incident to ail persons, 
yet they  the more remarkabl frequent, furious and violent h melaneholy 
men. To sk in a word, there  nothing so vaht, absurd, ridieulo, extra- 
ragent, impossible, ineredible, so monstrous  ehimœer, 
strange, "uch as paiutem and poes dmt hot attempt, which they will 
rl!y fear, feign, suspect and imaginée unto themseh'es: and that wch Lod. 
Vie. said in a jest of a silly eotmttT fellow, that killed his ass for drinking up 
the moon, çt lun mundo çedret, you may truly say of them in carnet 
they will t, eonceivo ail extremes, eont.rarieties, and contradictions, and that 
in intinite varieties. .]ld«lwlici ])l w tcrgdi 
om soec duo epm'ti i«t, qui im imagiti slnt ( lç.rt  Lami), 
srcc two of two thou«nd that eoneur lu the ame symptom The tower of 



«9 ,7,j,ntoms o.f .l,rd«nchd,j. ['ar. 1. Sec. 

Babel never yielded such confusion of tendres, as the chaos of melanchnly 
doth variety of symptoms. There is in all melancholy si»ilitudo dissi»dlis, 
like men's faces, a disagveeing likeness still; and an in a river we swim in the 
ame place, though net in the saine numerical water; as the saine instrument 
affords several lessons, se the saine disease yields diversity of symptoms. 
Which howsoever they be diverse, intricate, and hard te be confined, I will 
adveuture yet in such a vast confusion and generality te b4ng them into 
seine ordcr; and so desoend te particulara. 

Sensé.er. III.Particular Symptom.ç.from the n.fluence .f Stars, parts 
2ody, and Humours. 
So men bave peculiar symptom% aceording te their tempemmen and 
ei which they had frein tho stars and thoeo eelestial influences, vafiety of 
wits and dispositions, as Anthony Zam eonnds, A . ien. secS. 1. mb. 
11, 12, 13, 14, plummn irqtant tioe coe, ut cntur anlmi 
tudi et bi corporum. "Ono aaith, veme disees of the body and mind 
proeeed frein their influences, cas I haro alrdy proved out of Ptolemy, Pon- 
tanu Lemni, Cdan, and othe, as they are principal significato of man- 
hors, dises, mutually iadiated, or lor of the geture, &e. Ptolomeus 
in his centHoquy, IIcrmes, or whoever else the author of that tract, attributes 
all the symptoms, which are in melancholy men, te celestial influences: which 
opinion, Icurial  aff«t, llb. cap. 10. rejes; but,  I say, "Jovianua 
Pontanus and others atiffiy defend. That seine are sofitaLv , dull. henry, churl- 
ish; seine again blithe, buxom, light, and merry, they cri wholly te 
stars. As if Saturn be predominant in his nativity and use melancholy in 
h temrature, then Che shall bo very austere, sullen, churlish, black of colour, 
profound in his cogitations, ll of c«trcs, miseri, and diontents, sad and 
tbarful, always silent, litary, still dclighting in husbandry, in woods, orchards, 
gnrdens, rivera, ponds, ols, dark walks and clooe: CoElltatis su ve 
oedcare, vd arbres p&dare, agros core, &c. Te catch birds, fishes, &c., 
still contriving and musing ofsuch matter IfJupirdomineers, theyaoe more 
ambitious, still meditating of kingdoms, magistracies, offices, honou, or that 
they are princes, potentntes, and how they woul,l ea«y themoelves, &c. If 
Iars, they are all for wa, brave combats, monomachies, testy, choleric, har 
bra, rash, furious, and violent in their actions. They wl tign themselves 
victors, commandcrs, are paionate and sutifical in their speeches, great brag- 
gel, ruddy of colour. And though they be poor in show, vile and be, yet 
like Telephus and Pele in the « poet, A mpljactant  soEuip«l verba, 
"forget their swelling and gigantie words," their mouths are fuH of myria, 
and tetmrchs at their tongueç end. If the sun, they will be lords, empero, 
conceit st let, and monarchs, give offices, honoum, &c. If Venus, they are 
still couing of thek mistrs and most apt o love, amorously given, they 
soem te hear music, play¢ see fine pict, dancers, merriments, and tho liko. 
Ever in love, and dote on all they oee. Mcrcurialists are solitary, much in 
coutemplation, subtile, poets, philosophers, and musiug most part about such 
matters. Ifthe moon bave a hand, they are all for percinations, a voyage 
much affected with tmvels, te discou, read, medite of smh things; wa 
dering in their thoughts, divee, much deligbting in wa te fish, fow &c. 
Bu the most immedia ml»tO proceed frein the temperature itl and 
the orgauical parts, as head, liver, spleen, meoeraic veins, heart, womb, st 
mach, ., and mos escially frein distemrature ofspiri (which,   Her- 
oeules de xoni£ eontend¢ are whoy iaterial), or om the four humours 
• Vdc. I. L ¢. 5. • Sect. 2. }lcmb. I. Snbs. 4. • De reb. oelt. b I0. c. 13. ¢I. de Indin$ 
Gocleu[. « Hor.  art. poet.  Tract. 7. de 



,[ooE 1. Subs. &] ,.lmptom of the Star«, lfumo«r«, ,«. 

those seatg whether they be ho or eold, ngturl, unna, turl, innate or adven6i- 
tion, tended or remited, simple or med, their divee mtures, and sevel 
adioas, eombinaçio, whieh may be  diversely ied,  thoso ffour 
qmlii in  Clavius, and produce  many çel sp¢oms and monsgrous 
fictions  wine doth effect, which  Andre Bachi observes, lib. 3.  vi, 
c p. 20. are infiuit Of grcuter note be thes 
If it be natural meluncholy,  Lod. [ercatus, llb. 1. cap. l î. 
T. Bri9ht , c. 16. bath ly dribed, either of the spleen, or of the veins, 
çaulty by excess of quuntity, or tcs of substanoe, it is a cold and dry 
humo,  houtunus affirms, . 26. the parties are d, timorous and 
farful. Prosper Cnlenus, in his book  atra big, wl hare them to be more 
stupid thuu ordinary, cold, hvy, dull, lit:t, sluggish ; £'i uam 
bi:n ffiam lbent. Hercule de Saxoni a 19. l. 7. "tholds these thut 
are aatumlly mecholy, to be of a ldea coiour or black," and so doth 
Guiunerius, a 3. tract. 15. and such  think themselves d l many times, or 
that they see, talk with black men, deud men, spirits and gobl frequently, 
if it be  exoe These symptoms  arding to the mixture of tho 
four humours a,lt, which la unnutnral melancholy. For  Trallius bath 
written, cap. 16, l. 7. "'There is hot one OEuse of this meluncholy, nor one 
humo which begets, but diveme dively htermixeoE from wheuce pmceeds 
th v'iety of symptoms :" and thooe vaing ug:dn  they are hot or cold. 
"*Cold melaacholy (saith Benedic. Vittori Faventiaus pr3ct, mag.) 
OEuse of dotuge, and mot mil,1 symptoms; if hot or more udust, of mre violent 
pions, and furie." Fractorius, L 2.  inl&ct, will have us to consider 
wcll of if, " with whut khd of melancholy every oae h troubled, for it mucb 
avaHs fo know it; one is ened by tçrvent ht, unother is l»ed by d 
and cold; one h fearfid, shamefacoe; the other impudent and bold; Ajax, 
A rma apit osoEJkre in prœel posch: quite mud or udg to mad- 
ns: u lws, nunc impoeit s. Bellerophon on the other side, sol errat 
» san in , wundex ulon in the woo,ls; one di, wec, and 
weary of h o, another luughs, &c. All which vuriety  produoed from tho 
veral degre of het and eolJ, which  IIercul de Saxoni$ will have wholly 
proceed ri'oto gha dtemrature of spirits aloa% animal especially, and thoso 
immuterial, tho next and immediu eaa of melaacholy,  they are hot, 
eold, dry, moisg, and from their agition prooeeds thut divemity of symp, 
which he reckona up  the «thireenth chap. of h Tract of Meincholy, and 
thut largely through every pa. Othe wifi ve them corne from the divomo 
adtion of the four humo, which  this unnatuml melancholy, by co, 
tion of blood, udust choler, or melancholy naml, "'by ex,sire dtemlmr 
of ht taed, in comparon of the natural, to a shrp lye by force of udu 
lion, OEme, uoeorng to tho divemity of theh" marrer, diveroe and stnga 
yml,toms," which T. Bright reckons up in his foowing ehapter. So doth 
'Arculan% aoeording to the four principul humou udust, and many othe. 
For omple, ff if proc from phlegm (which is oeldom and hot so fro- 
quently  the test), oit tir» up dl aymptom% and a nd of atupidigy, or 
imsiona hurt : they a sloepy, saith *Savuuaro d, slow, cold, blk 
a-like, A dm »lm, "Meluncthon OElls ig, "they are much given 
to weepg, and delight  wate poa, poo, rive fisg, fowfiug," 

I lumldum, ¢alidum, frig4dum, d¢cum, t ¢om. In I. e. $ohannis de Sacroboeo. I SI reTdet 
nelancholi& oatural 1 plumbei e,, ant nl, spidç lltai.  on ana melanchol  
L iJec us ho uor viril parent, sed plur  ali aliter mut de n omn em nt sp- 
tomata, • Humor ftgidus delirii & humor calid furos. . Multum refert qua quiue melan. 
«holi tent, hune ferrons el accen ita lum trtis  fgens occupat : bi timid, iHi inveroeund 
trepidi, c. • Cap. . et 8. Trot. de lel. q ia mclancholioe ex intemrie et atatione ifituum 
eine m eria. cT. Bright, cap. 16. Treat. $1el. ,Cap. 16. li. 9. lthi& tBrigh c. 16.  Pract. 
mor. Somnian piger frid, a De im cap. de hor. SI a P mper   fere e% 



. 2 Sympto,ns of J[etnc/w. y. [Part. 1. Sec. 

(A ruoldua, 3rev[«r. 1. cep. 18.) They are rpale of colour, slothful, apt te sleep, 
heavy; œeemuch troubled with head-ache, continuel Ineditation, and mutt.ering 
te thcmselves; they dream of waters, ° that they are in danger of drowning, and 
fear such things, lZhasis. They are fatter than others that are melatmhuly, of 
a muddy complexion, apter te spit, bsleep, more troubled with rheum than the 
rest, and bave their eyes still fixed on the ground. Such a patient had Her- 
cules de Saxoni', a widow in Venice, tht was £.tt and very sleepy still; Chris- 
tophorus à Vega another affected in the saine sort. If it be inveterate or 
violent, the symptoms are more evident, they plainly denote an«] are ridicu]ous 
te others, in ail their gestures, actions, speeches; imagining impossibilities, as 
he in Christophorus à Vega, that thought he waz a tun of wine, and that Sien- 
nois, that res,»lved withinhimselfnot te piss, for fear he shouid drown ail the town. 
If if proceed frein blood adust, or that there be a mixture of blood in it, 
"«such are commonly rud,ly of complexion, and high-coloured," according 
te Salust Salvianus, and Hereules de axoniâ. At«l as Savanarola, Vittorius 
Faventinus Emper. farther adds, "°the veins of heir eyes be red, as well as 
their faces." They are mueh inelined te laughter, witty and merry, eoneeited 
in diseourse, pleasanlk if tlaey be net far gone, mueh given te music, dancing, 
and te be in women's eompany. They meditate wholly on sueh thing.s, and 
think *they ee or hear plays, dancing, and sueh-like sports (f,'ee from ail 
fear and sorrow, as *I{ereule.a de Saxonia supposeth). If they be more strongly 
posseed with this kind of melaneholy, Aruoldus adds, 1],'eviar., lib. 1. cap. 
18., like him of _rgos in the Poet, that sate laughiug ail day long, as it 
he had beeu at a t, heatre. Such another is mentioned by 'Pxri.totlc, living 
at _bydo.%  town of Asia linor, that would sit after the saine ça.hion, as if 
he had been upon a stage, and sometimes aet himseif; new clap his hands, and 
laugh, as if he had been well pieased with the sight. Wolfius relates of a 
country feilow ealled Brunïellius, m=bjeet te this humour, "=that being by 
eha,ee ata sermon, saw a woman rail off frein  ferre haif asleep, at which 
objeet most of the eompany latlghed, but he for his part was se mueh moved, 
thztt for three whole days al'ter he did nothing but laugh, by which ,neans he was 
mueh weakened, and worse a long rime fbllowing." ueh a erre was ohl 
8«»phoeles, and I)emoeritus himself had hilare delirium, much in this rein. 
Laurentius, cap. 3. de melan, thinks this kind of melaneholy, whieh is a little 
adust with seine mixture of biood, te be that whieh Aristotle meant, when he 
sakl melane|,oly men of ail others are inost witty, which eauseth many times 
a divine ravishment, and a kind of entlwsiasraus, whieh stirreth them up te be 
excellent philosophers, poets, prophets, &e. Mereurializ con, il. 110. gives 
inztanee in a young man his pttient, sanguine melancholy, "tof a great wit, 
and exeellently learned." 
If if arise from choler adust, they are bol,t and impwlent, and of a more 
harebl"ain disposition, apt te quarrel, and think of such things, battles, com- 
bats, and their manhood, furious; impatient in diseourse, stiff, irrefl'agable nd 
prodigious in their tenets; and if t.hey be moved, most violent, outrageous, 
= ready te disgraee, provoke any, te kill themselves and others; Amoldus adds, 
strk mad by tits, "*they sleep little, their urine is subtile and fiery. (Guia- 
eriu) In their fits you shall hear them speak all manner of languages, 

• Plm'a n,teltur ex colore pallido et al'oo, Herc. de Saxon. • Savanarolx. • Mures cadere In  et 
submergi tlmenU cure [ore et segnilie et fluvios amant ml, Alexand.  16. lib. 7. Semper 
ferè de,uit sOmnolente e. 16. 1.7. « Laurentiu. d Cap. 6. de mel. Si  aanin venir rubedo 
oculor*tm et faeiei, plurims risus, • Venin oeul,»rum sunt tbr.e vide an pr.eeeerit Villi et irOlllatuIB 
U et frequens balllt«m, Tre.lien. lib. 1. 16.  prœeerit more sub le. t Rid patiens si à satguin% 
put se vire chore micam audir lud c. • Cap. 2. Tract. de Melan & lier. ep. lib. 2. 
qmdam hand iguobii Ar c. t Llb. de reb. mit. • Cure inter concionandm roulier doraient  
lubllio dere et omn r¢liqul qui ld rideren riderent, tb p ,st diebu &c. »Juvnis et non 
lgas eruditioni$. "Si à choler fib tedt se et  putt le vlde pu@. • U 
bti et ie parure dmlt. 



Ie,n. 1. Subs. 3.] 8'»Zor o.f «rs,/rumours, 'c. 

63 

}Iebrew, Greelç and Latin, that never vere taught or knew them bcfore." 
/kpponensis in c. in Po. s. 30. spks of a ad woman that spae excel- 
lent good tin: and Rhais knew anothcr, that could Drophesy in ber fit, and 
foretel things truly to corne. "Guianens had a patient couhl make Latiu 
vees when the moon w combust, otherwise illirate. Avicenna and some 
of his adherents will have these symptoms, when they happen,  prooeed from 
t.he devil, and that they a rather doen, possessed, than mad or melan- 
choly, or both together, 
&c., but most cribe it to the humour, which opinion Montaltus, cap. 21. stiffiy 
maintai, coafuting Avicenna and the test, rctbrrg it wholly o the quality 
and disposition of the humourand sul,ject. Cardan de rum var. lib. 8. cap. 
10. holds these men of ail others fit to be ssis, bold, hardy, fieçce, an4 
adventurous, to undertake any thing by reason of their choler adust. Thh 
humour, says he, prepares them to endut dcath itself, and all manner of rot- 
ments with invincible couge, and 'tis a wonder to see with what alacrity 
they will undrgo such tmur," ut a naturam r tur: he rib 
this generosity, thry, or mther stupidity, to this adustion ofcholer and melan- 
choly: but I take these rather to be mml or desperate, than properly melan- 
choly: for commonly this humour so adust and hot, degenerates into madness. 
If it corne from mclancholy itself adust, thooe men, ith Avicenn "«are 
usually md anti solitary, and that continually, and in exoess, more than ordi- 
narily suspicious, more fearfifl, and bave long, sore, and most corrupt im;tgi- 
nations ;" oel,l and black, bashful, and so soliry, tha as  Arnoldus writes, 
"they will endure no comny, they dream of graves still, and dead men, 
and think themlves bewitched or dead :" if it  extreme, they think they 
hear hideous noise, see and talk ""with black men, and conve miliarly 
with devils, and such strange chimer and sious" (Monius), or that they 
are posssed by them, that somedy 
melanc/wli pler« eni, 2Iotalts, consil. 26.  Av[cna. ales- 
c de Taranta had such a vomaa in cure, "«that thought she had to do with 
the devil :" and Gentilis Fulgosus qs. 5.5. writes that. he had a mehmcholy 
friend, that " had a black man i the likens of a s«ldier" still fçllowing 
him wheresver he w. Laurentius, 
bave thought themlves bewitched by their euemies; ami some that would 
t no meat as being dcad. ffi Anno 1550 an advomte of Partis fell into such 
a mclancholy fit, that he believed verily he was dead, he could hot be 
suaded otherwise, or to est or drink, till a kinsman of his, a scholar of 
B,,urges, did eat befm him dressed like a corse. Thestory, saith rres, w 
acted in a comedy bcfl,re Charles the Ninth. Some think they are be, 
wolves, hogs, and c like dogs, tbxe bray like es, and 
King Poetus' daughters.  llildesheim, sp&e£ 2.  nid, hath an example 
of a Dutch bon so affected, and Trincawlliu¢ l. 1. c. 11., anothr of 
a nobleman  his country, "'that thonght he was ce%ain]y a best, and 
woul,! imite most of their voices," with many such symptoms, which may 
properly be reduced to this kind. 
If it proed from the several combitions of the fr humo, or spirite 
Herc. de axou. adds hot, cold, d, moist, dark, oeufused, settled, con- 
stringed, as it paicipas of marrer, or is vithout matr, the symptoms are 
ewe med. Onu thinks himself a giant, anothcr a dwarfl one is heavy 

«Tract. 15. e. 4. 
et fmore egacerbto audeng 
n. « Taic 
im habent imaglnation, 
fcin¢ntur, pumt 
muspensos ez mortuo$, z Quav nocte se c mone coire putaviz, u oeper fere vidi militera 
igrum prcntem • Anthony ,e Verdeur.  Quidam mugitu boum ulant, et pecor  putaut» 
ut roe  



as lead, another is as light as a fcather. Iarcellus Donatus, 1. 2. cap. 41. 
makes mention out of Seneca, of one Seneeehio, a rich man, " "that thought 
himselfand every thing else he had, great: great wife, great horses, could hot 
abide littlc things, but would have great pots to drink in, great hose, and 
great shoes bigger than his fcet." Like her in  Tt-allianus, that supposed 
she " eould shake ail the wodd with her finger," and was afraid to elinch her 
hand togethcr, lest she should erush the world like an apple in pieces: or him 
m Galen, that thought he was * Atlas, and sustained heaven with his shoul- 
ders. Another thinks himrlf so little, that he ean ereep into a mouse-hole: 
one fears heaven will fall on his head : a second is a eoek; and sueh a one, 
 Guianerius saith he sw at ladua, that would clap his hands together and 
erov, °Another thinks he is a nightingale, and therefore sings all the night 
long; another he is al/glass, a piteher, and will therefore let nobodycome 
near him, and sach a one «Laurentius gives out upon his ercdit, that he knew 
in France. Christophorus à Vega, cal. 3, L lb., Skenekius and lIareellus 
Donatus, L 2. cap. 1. have many mmh examl, les , and one amongst the test of 
a bakcr in Ferrara, that thought he was eomposed of butter, and durst hot 
sit in the sun, or eome near the tire for fear of being melted: of another that 
thought he waz a case of leather, stuffed with wind. Some laugh, weep; some 
are mad, some dejeeted, moped, in much agony, some by fits, others conti- 
nuate, &e. borne have a corrupt ear, they think they hear music, or some 
hideous noise as their phantasy eoneeives, eorrupt eyes, some smelling : some 
one sense, some another, • Lewis the Eleventh had a coneeit every thing did 
stink about him, all the odoriferous pcrfitnes they cotdd get, would hot ease 
him, but still ha smelled a filthy stink. A melaneholy French poet in  Lau- 
rentius being sick of a lever, and troubled with waking, by his physicians was 
appointed to use unguentum populeum to anoint his temples; but he so dis- 
tasted the smell of iç, that for mauy years after, ai/that came near him ho 
imagined to scent of it, and would let no man talk with him but aloof off, or 
wear a»y new clothes, because hc thought sçill they sm&led of it; in all other 
things wise and discreet, he wouhl talk sensibly, save only in thi A gentle- 
man in Limousin, saith Anthony Verdeur, wa persuaded he had but oaa 
leg, affrighted by a wild boar, that by chance struck him on the leg; he could 
hot be satisfied his leg was sound (in all other things well) until two Fran- 
eiseans by chance coming that way, fully removed him from the eonceiç• ,S'ed 
abundè f, zbularun audivimus,---enongh of st,»ry-telling. 

SOSECT. I'.,çymlotOms frorrt E,l,t,ton, Cuslorrt, Contbuanee of Time, out 
Condition, mixed with other Diseases, by Fits, l,clinatio,, &c. 

ANOTHER great occasion of the variety of these symptoms proceeds from 
custom, discipline, education, and several inclinations, "this humour will 
imprint in melancho]y men the objects most answerable to their condition of 
life, and ordinary actions, and dispose men according to their several studie 
and callings." If an ambitious man become melancholy, hc forthwith thinks 
he is a king, an emperor, a monarch, and walks alone, pleasing himself with 
a vain hope of some future preferment, or present as he supposeth, and withal 
acts a lord's part, takes upon him to be some statesmau or magaifico, makes 
congés, gives entertainment, looks big, &c. Francisco Sansovino records of 
a mclancholy ma] in Cremona, that would hot be induced to believe but that 

• Ornais rnagns putabat, ttxorem magnarn, grandes eqos, abhorrait ornais parva, magTna pocula, et 
calceamenta petlibus mora.  Lzb. I. cap. 16. putavit se uno tligito posse totum mundmn conterere. 
• Yu»/inet humeris coelum cure Atlante. Alii ioeli rui,am ii//2elll, d Cap. I. Tract. 1.. ali,ts se g'allum 
Lutat, alius lusciniam, • Trallianus. « Cap. 7. de me.l. g Anthony de Verdeur.  Cap-  de me.l. 
aurentit Cp. 6. 



Mcm. 1. Subs. 4.] Symptornsfrom Custora. 0-55 

he was pope, gave pardons, ma,le cardinals, &o. k Christophorus à 
nmkes mention of another of his acquaintance, that though he was a king, 
driven frein his kiugdom, and was very anxious te reeover his estate. 
covetous person is still conversant about purcha.ing of lands and tenements, 
pIotting in his mind how te compass such and such manora, as ff he wero 
already lord of, and able te go through with it; ail ho secs is his, e or spe, 
11o bath devottred it i, hope, or else in conceit esteems it his own: like him 
in Atheuoeus, that thought ail the ships in the haven te be his own. A las- 
clvious in«mor«to plots ail the day long te pleasë his mistress, acts and struts, 
and carriez himself as if she were in presence, still dreaming of her, as Pam- 
1)hilus of his Glycerium, or as seine de in their morning sleep. Marcdhts 
Donatus kuew such a geutlewoman in Mantua, called EIionora hleliorina, that 
onstantly believed she was married te a kiug, and "° would kneel down oaxd 
tdk with him, as if he had been there present with his associates; and ii she 
had foun,l by chance a piece of glass in a muck-hill or in the street, she would 
say that if was a jewel sent kom her lord and husband." If devout and reli- 
gions, he is ail for fasting, prayer, ceremonies, alms, interpretations, visions, 
prophecies, reve|ations, Che is inspired by the FIoly Ghost, full of the Spirit : 
one while he is saved, another while damned, or still troubled in mind for 
sins, the devil will surely bave him, &e. more of these in the third partition of 
love-melauch«»ly. A schola:s mind is busied about his studies, he applauds 
himself for what he hath done, or hopes te de, one while fearing te be out in 
his next exercise, another svhile contemning ail censures; envies one, emulates 
another; or else with indefatigable pains and meditation, consumes himself. 
Se of the rest, ail which vary aceording te the more remiss and violent im- 
pression of the object, or as the humour itself is intended or remitted. For 
seine are se gently melancholy, that in ail their carriage, and te the outward 
apprehension of othe it eau hardly be discerned, yet te them an intolerable 
burden, and net te be endured. «Quda»t occulta quoEdam manifesta, seine 
signs are manifest and obvious te ail st .11 rimes, some te few or seldom, or 
hardly perceived; let them keep their own eounsel, none will take notice or 
suspect them. They de net express in outward show their depraved imagi- 
nations," as "Iereules de 8axoni'2 observes, "but conceal them whol]y te 
themselves, and are very wise men, as I bave often seen ; seine fear, seine de 
net fear af ail, as such o.s think themselves kings or dead, seine bave mor 
sigas, seine fewer, seine great, seine less, seine vex, fret still ïear, grieve, 
lainent, suspect, laugh, sing, weep, ehafe, &e. by fits (as I bave said) or more 
during and permanent." Seine dote in one thing, are most ehildish, and ridi- 
culous, nd te be wondered st in that, and yet for all other matters most dis- 
creet and wise. Te seine it is in dispositiou, te aaother in habit; and as they 
write of heat and cold, we may y of this humour, one is melancholicus ad 
ocre, a second two degrees less, a third haff-way. 'Tis superparticular, sesTd- 
altera, sequitertia, and supevbipartiens tertias, 9uiatas Melanch»li, &c., ail 
thoso geometrical proportions are too little te express it. ""It cornes te 
many by fits, and goez; te others it is continuate: many (sith tFe.ventir.us) 
in spring and fall only are molested, seine once a year, as that Roman ° Galen 
speaks of: one, aS the conjuncioa of the rnoon alone, or seine unfortunato 
aspects, af such and such set hours and times like the sea4idcs, to some 

* Lib. 3. cap. 14. qul se regem putavlt regno expulsum. I Dipnosophlst. |ib. Thrazi|aus put:'.vt o-'nnc 
avea i Pireura portum ppeIieutes s,as esse. m De hist. Med. mirab, hb. 2. cap. I. • Ge.ibtm 
flexis loqal cure illo volait, et adstare jam tutu putavit, &c. «Gordonius, quod sit prophe/a, et inflatuS 
à spirit' sancto, • Qui furensbtm caul *t in$.,dat I:lil nis! arreta cogitat, et supplice libelIo, alius non 
ni»i vertt f$cit. P. Fvvetu.  Gordouitm. • Verbo uon exprlrnmt, nec opcre, sed alta mense 
rccondunt, et stmt viri prudentilml, quos ego epe norl, curn rnuiti nint ine timore, ut qui se regt et 
mortuos putant, plnra lgna quidam hbent, pauciora, maJora, minora. .TralIian, lib. 1. 
Sr.tervalI qultwn habeut, ut etiam consueta administrent, alii in continuo delirto 
Vcre tantum et autttmno. - Lib. de hllJllo'ibJ.  Ùttiauerlu& 



,o.C6 Syrntto of Mdancho[y. [t'm. 1. Sec. 

women when they be with chihl, as rt'later notes, never otherwise: to others 
'ris settIed and fixed: to one Ied about and variable still by that ignisfatu«s 
of phantasy, like an arthritis or running tout, "tis here and there, and in eve T 
joint, always moIcstig solne part orother; or if the body b free, in a myriad 
of forma exercisiug the mind. A seomd once peradventure lu his lire hath  
most grievous fit, once in seven years, once in rive yeara, even to the extremity 
of madness, death, or dotage, and that npon some ferl accident or perturba- 
tion, terrible object, and that for a aime, never l>erhaps so before, never after. 
A third is moved upon all such troublesome objects, cross fortune, disaster, and 
violent passions, otherwise free, once troubled in threc or four years. A 
fourth, if things be to his mind, or he in action, well pleaaed, in good com- 
pany, is most jocund, and of a good complexion: if idle, or alone,  la mort, 
or carried awy wholly with l, lcazaut dreams nd phantazies, but if oueo 
crossed and displeased, 
"lectre conciplet nil nisi triste sa;  I « He will imagine naught save s.lne In hia hcart " 
hls countenance is altered on a sudden, his heart heavy, irksome thougbts 
erucify his soul, and in nn instant he is moped or weary of his lire, he will 
kill himself. _& fifth complains in his youth, a sixth Lu his middle age, the 
last in his ohl zge. 
Generally tbus much we may conclude of melancholy; that it is "most plea- 
sant ai tiret, I say, »wntis gratizsimus error,  a most delightsome humour, to 
be alone, dwell alone, walk alone, meditate, lie in bed whole days, dreaming 
awake as it were, and frame a thousand thntastical imaginations unto them- 
elves. They are never better l,leased than when they are so doing, they are 
in paradise tbr the aime, and cunnot well endure to be interrupt; wth him ira 
the poet, "pol me occidistis, amici, "non servtis, ah ? you bave undone him, he 
complains if you trouble him : tell him what inconvenience will follow, vhat 
wili be the event, allis one;cauis ad vomitum, b'tis so pleasant he en,mot 
refrain. He may thus continue peradventure many years by tesson of a strong 
temperature, or -ome mixture of business, which may divert his cogittions: 
but, ai the last Ivesa i»m9iatio, his phantasy is crazed, and now habltuated to 
such toys, cannot but work still likv a tïate, the scene alters upon a sudden, 
fcar and sorrow snpl,lant those plea.,6ng thoughts, suspicion, discontent, and 
perpetnal anxiety succeed in their places; so by little and little, by that shocing- 
horn of idleness, and voluatary solitariness, melancholy this ferai fiend is 
drawn on, *et quantum vertice ad auras .Ethereas, fa,tutu radice in 'artara 
tendit, "extending up, by its branches, so far towards Heaven, as, by its roots. 
iç does down towards TaloEarus;" it was hot so delicious ai fir, t, as now itis 
bitter and harsh; a ealtk-red soul macerated with cares and discoureurs, 
tedium *.*itw, impatience, agony, inconstancy, irresolution, precipitute them unto 
unspeakuble miseries. They camaot endure compay, light, or lit itself, some 
unlt for action, and the like. Their bodies are lean and dried up, withered, 
ugly, their loo "ks harsh, very dull, and their souls tormented, as they are more 
or less entangled, as the humour bath been intended, or according to the cot- 
tinuance of time they bave been troubled. 
'Fo dimern all which symptoms the better, "t{hasls the Arabian makes three 
degrees of them. The first is, falsa cogitatio, talse conceits and idlc thoughts: 
fo misconstrue and anaplify, aggravating every thing they conceive or fear; the 
seccnd is,]h/so cogitais &qui, to talk to themselves, or to use inarticulate ineon- 
dite voices, speeches, obsolete gestures, and plainly to utter their Ininds and 
conceit of their hearts, by thelr words and actions, as to laugh, weep, tobe 
ilent, hot to slecp, e.t their ment, &c. : the third is to put in pracice th,t 
• De mentis alienst, cap. 3. • Levlnus Lemnltm. Ja,*on Pratensls, blsnda ab Initio. . u A most 
areeable mental (telttsion." • IIor. u Fv.ilis tleeen Axerni. *¥irg. « Corl cadveot. . 
lna. Ixvii. cariosa ebt lacies mca lroe oegritudine anim, • IAb 9. ad Imansorem. 



• lem. 1. Subs. 4.] 8jmpt:msfrom Custom. ¢ 

'hich they tthink or speak. Savanarol, ]?ub. 11. Tract. 8. cap. 1.  tegrltu- 
dine, coufitans as much, "twhen he begins to express that in words, which he 
conceives in his heart, or talks idly, or goes from ont thing to another," which 
hGordonius calls mec caput ltabentia nec caztdam (" having neither head not 
rail"), he is in thc middle way : " but when }le begins to act if likewise, and 
to put his fi,pperies in execution, he is then in the extent of melancholy, or 
madness itseltT' This progress of melancholy you shall easily observe in them 
tbat bave been so affected, they go smiling to themselves st first, st length 
they lattgb out; st first solitary, st last they c.an endure no company: or 
they do, they are now dizzards, past sense and shame, quite moped, they care 
aaot what they ay or do, ail their actions, words, gestures, are farious or ridi- 
culous. At first his mind is troubled, he doth not attend what is said, if you 
ç.e|I him a talc, be cries st last, what said you but in the end he mutters 
himself, as old womeu do many rimes, or old men when they sit alone, upon a 
sudden they laugh, whoop, halloo, or run away, and swear they ste or bear 
llayers, kdevils, hobgoblins, ghosts, strike, or strut, &c., grow humorous in 
the end: like him in the poet, serpe ducentos, serpe dece»t servos (" st one 
rime followed bv two hunthd servants, st another only by ten"), he will 
drcss himself, and un,lress, careless at last, grows insensible, stupid, or mari. 
t/Ie howls like a wolf, barks like a dog, and raves like Ajax and Oreste, 
hears music and outcries, which no man else hears. As he did whom 
Amatus LusioEntm meationeth cent. 3, cura. 55, or that woman in * Springer, 
tha spake many languages, and said she was possessed : that fariner in ° lros -- 
per Calenus, tbat disl,uted and discom'se, l learnedly in philosophy and atro- 
nomy with Alexander Achilles his toaster, st ]3ologna, in Italyo ]3ut of 
thcse I bave already spoken. 
Who can sufficieut|y speak of these symptoms, or prescribe ruiez to com- 
prehend themi as Echo to the painter in b.usoniu% varie, quid «ffectas, &c., 
bolish fe|low ; what wilt if you must needs paint me, paint a voice, et simile,t 
 vs pingere, pige sonum; if you wiIl describe melancholy, describe a phmt- 
tastical conceit, a corrupt imagination, vain thoughts and diffcrent, which 
who can dol The four and twenty letters make rm more variey of words in 
diverse languages, than melancholy conceits l,roduce diversity of symptoms 
in several persons. They are irtgnlat; obscure, rations, so infinite, Proteus 
himself is hOt so diverse, you may as well make the moon a new coat, as a 
true character of a melancholy man; as soon find the motion of a bird in thc 
air, as the henri of man, a melaneholy man. They are so confused.. I say 
diverse, intermixed with other diseases. As the species be confounded (which 
 I bave shewed) so are the symptoms: sometimes with headache, cachexia, 
dropsy, stone; as you may perceive by those several examples and illustra- 
tions, collected by «Hildeshcim, Sldcel. 2, Meuriali% consil. 118. cap. 6 and 
II, with headache, epilepy, priapismus. Trincavellius, tons//. 12. lib. 1. 
consil. 49. with gout: cmtinus alltit.ts, lI,ntanu% consil. 26, &c. 23, 234, 
249, with falling-sickness, headache, vertigo, lycanthropia, &c. L Coesar 
Claudinus, cozsult. 4. cortsult. 89 and 116, with gout, agues, hoemorrhoids, 
stone, &c., who can distinmaish these melancholy symptoms so intermixed with 
others, or apply tlwm to t.heir several kinds, confine them into methodl 'Tis 
hard I coniss, yet I bave disposed of them as I could, and will descend to 
particularise them according to their speies. For hitherto I bave expatiated 

¢ Practlctt n«re. • qura ore ioqul quoe rde eeepit, quum bRo de uns re sd a]iud 
eque rationem de a]iquo redm tunc  in medm, gt quum incipit operri quœe iuitur, in aummo 
t. • Cap. 19. Partie. 2. quit sutn et 6 alio se i ver¢ prt. Aag. cap. t i. 
pro moul$ ge,'enda. Rhl. tQuum  ad line devenir, ut es quæ couture coepefi ore proma 
arque aeta peisveaL tutu perfta melancholia t.  elaneholicu$ te vider¢ et a,dire putat mon 
Lgvatct de t, part. 3. cap. . t Wicru lib. 3. cap. 31. m bllchael à musian, a bleo 
• Lib. "1¢ at be. ¢ l'a. 1. Subi. 2. H¢nlb. 2. « De io mechofi et mi 



2C8 ,y»t2doms .fJoenc]w[y. [Part. 1. Sec. 

in more general lists or terms, speaking promiscuously ofsuch ordinary simas, 
which occur amongst writers, lot that they aa-e ail tobe found in one man, 
tbr that were to 1,aint a motrster or chimera hot a man: but some in one, 
ome in an-ther, and that successively, or st several rimes. 
Which I bave been the mort curious to expre and repor; hot fo upbraid 
any miserable man, or by way of derision (I rather pity them), but the better 
to discern, to apI,iy remedies unto them; and to -how tiret the best anti 
soundest of us ail is in great dangêr; how much we ought to fear out owa 
fickle estates, remember out miseries and vanities, examine and humiliate 
ourselves, seek to God, and cal1 to YEm for mercy, that needs hot look for 
any rods to scourge outelves, since we carry them in out bowels, sud that 
our ouls are in a miserable captivity, if the light of grace and heavenly truth 
doth hot shine continually upon us: and by out discretion to moderate our- 
selves, to be more circumspect and wary in the midst of these danger« 

IEMB. IL 
SgnsEcv. I.--Symptoms of .Head-Mdanc£oly. 
"IF  no symptoms appear about the stomach, nor the blood be mffccted, 
nd fear and son-ow continue, it is to be thought the brain itself  tmubled, 
1 y tenon of a melancholy jfice btd in it, or otherwioe conveyed ino t, and 
that evil juice  fmm tbe distemperature of the part, or lcfç afer some flm- 
mation,"thus far iso. But this is hot always true, for blood and hypochondri 
both ame ohen affected een in head-mehncholy. "Hercul de Saxoni diffcrs 
here fmm the common current of wters, putting peciar sis of head-melan- 
choly, from the sole distempemture ot spit4s in the brain,  they are hot» 
¢old, d, moist, "ail without marrer from the motion alone, and tenebroy 
fspirits ;" ofmencholy which pmcecds om humours by adustion, he treats 
apa% wi their cral symptom. and cures. The common signs, if it be by 
essence in the head, "are ruddiaess of face, high sangle complexion, most 
part re satura,  one calls it a blueh, and metim fl of pimp!es," 
with red ey. Avicn l. 3, Ft. 2, rt. 4, a 18. Duret and othe 
out of Galon, « «ct. L 5, c. 6. = Hercules de Saxoni to this of redn of 
£tce, adds "heainess of the head, fixed and hollow eyes. " if proceed 
fmm dryne of th brain, then their heads wiH be light, verigino, and they 
most apt to wake, and to continue whole months together without sloep. Few 
excrements  their eyes and noshs, and ofçen bald by ron of exce of 
dn," hloutalt adds, c. 17. If it prooeed om moisture: due, drow- 
siness, headache foows; and as Salns. lianus, a 1, L 2, out of h own 
experienoe round, epileptical, th a multitude of humoum in the hd. They 
are ve bbfifl, ff ruddy, apt to blush, and to be red upon a occasion, 
lrertim s t se. But the cett symptom to discet th species, 
as I hae id,  thé, that there be no notable sigas in the stomac hhon- 
dries, or elsewhere, dna,  r Montaltus ter them, or of grter 
bcoEuse oftentimes the pions of the stomach concur with them. Wind  
common to aH three speci, and is hot excht le only that of the hochondri 
 "more windy than the rt, ith oHeri. ti r. l. 2, sc. 2, e. 9, 
richoIç Piso. Sl sla cires venc non apparen nec n me ec% et at tlmor et 
mtiti cerebm ipsum extd t, & • "tract. de met. cap. 13.  Ex intempee spifituun 
e cereb oeot tenebrositate.  Facie st bente et ]iven qb etiam iqndo 
ustoe.  Jo. Patheon. p. de mei. Si rebrum ptnao aciat auttt pitl gfavit 
ocuii,  t i at. p. . ai à rebro ex siccitat tutu capitit erit ]evi siti gili pauCit 
tutam in o¢it et nmbus. » Si nu]la oea ]io venicu]o, quoniam  bac md&nchoi 
«.apiti exigua nunnunquam ventri¢u]i pathata ë d en ¢ membra aiUi im 



][em. 2. Sub3. 2.] ymporns of ffead-.]l'elnc]wbj. 69 

and 10, mantalns the saine, "if there be more signs, and more ev]dent in the 
head thau elsewhere, tlm brain is primari|y aff¢cted and pscribes head-me- 
laucholy tobe cured by ments amou.gst the rest, void of wiud, and good juice, 
hot exc|uding wind, or corrupt bloo.l, even in hea, l-m;lanch,|y itlf: but 
thcse species are often confounded, and so are their symptoms, as I have 
ah'eady proved. The symptoms of the miu,! are superfluous and coathmal 
cogitations: " for when the head is heated, if scorcheth the b|oo«l, and from 
thence proceed melancholy fumes, which trouble the mind," Avicenna. They 
are very choleric, and soon hot, solitary, sad, often silrnt, watchfil, di- 
content, ]Iontaltus, cap. 2. If any thng trouble them, they cannot sleep, 
but fret themlves still, till another object mit[gate, or tie wear it out. 
They have grievous passions, and immoderate perturbations of the mind, feue, 
sorrow, &c., yet hOt so eoutinuate, but that they are sometime merry, apt 
to profuse laaghter, which is more fo be voadcre,l at, and that bythe authority 
of Galen himsclf, by reason of mixture of blood, præru5rijo "oses delectatur 
et irrlsores plerumque sunt, if they be ddy, they are delighted in je.ts, and 
sometimes scoflra themselves, conceited : and as Rodericus à Vega commcnts 
on that place of Galon, merry, witty, of a pleasant disposition, aud yet gqev- 
ously melancholy anon after : omnia discm sine doctore, saith Areteus, they 
learu without a teacher: and as « L.«urentius supposeth, those ferai pasious 
and symptoms of such as think themselves glass, pitchers, feathcm, &c. 
speak strange languages, proceed à calore cerebr$ (if if be in excess), from th 
brain's distemi,ered hcat. 

SusEc:r. ILçymploms of wlndy Iy2oc]mdracal .l£eanclo[y. 
«IN this hypochondriacal or fl tuous mclaucholy, the symi»tomu arc so ambi- 
guous," saith ° Crato in a counsel of his for a noblewoman. " that the most 
exquisitephysicianscaunot determineofthe partaffected."hIatchewFlaccius# 
consulted about a noble marron, confcssed as ranch, that in this malady he 
with Hollerius, Fracutorius, Falopius, and others, being to give their sentence 
o a party lab,mring of hypochondriacal me]aacholy, could hot fiad out by the 
symptoms which part vas most especially affccted ; some said the womb, some 
heart, some stomach, &c., and therefoœe Crato, eosil. 2:. Kb. I. boldly aver. 
that in this diversity ofsymptomu, which commoaly accoml)any this diseae, 
"«no physician ena truly say what part la aflcced." Galea, lib. 3. de loc. 
aect, reckons up these ordina'y symptoms, wlfich ail the Neoterics relient of 
Diocles; only this .fault he fiuds vith him, that he puçs uot fear and sorro 
amongst the other ig,s. Trincavellius excuseth D[ocle, l/b. 3. consil. 35. 
becmse that oftentimes in a strong head and constiçution, a generous pirit, 
and a valiant, these symptoms appca" hot, by œeason of hi vahmr and courage. 
« Itercnles de Saxoni' (fo whom I subscribe) is ofthe saine mind (vhich I hae 
before touched) that far and sorov at hot general symptoms; some fear and 
are hot sud; some be sud and fear hot; some neither fear nor grieve. Th 
test are these, beside fear and sorrow, "sharp belchings, fiflsome crudities, 
heat in the bowels, wind and rumbling in the guts, vchemeut gripiag., pain in 
the belly an.l stomach somctimes, a'er ment tha i hoErd ofconcocion, much 
watcring of the somach, and moist spittle, col2 sveat, iralortuus sudsr 

*Si m|nns moleattoe ¢|rca ventTtculum aut vem, In Ils cebm prlmario acitur, et curare opo 
hune affvctum, per cibos flatùs exooE et boœe ncoctioni &c., raro cereb-um acit ine vent'mo. 
 Sangnem adut put calidl et lnde fumi melncltolici adust anlmum exitnt, • Lib. de 1o¢. 
aflect, cap. 5. a Cap. 6. * ltildheim, spicel. I. de rav lu ypochond'ia melancholia adeo 
ambia sunt sptomat ut etlam ezoeciatlml medicl de loco affecto statuoee non int. «Medlcl 
de loco ecto nequct statuere, • Trot. posthumo de mel. Pata¢ii edit. 1620. per Bozum Bibliop. 
cap. 2.  Acidi ruct, cruditoE t in prœecordii flaire, interdum ventriculi dolo vehement 
umpiue clbo concoctu diciii, sputum lumidum idqe maltum suetur e. p. b. de OEel. G 



270 S.gmptoma of JIemcfio?.. [Parl 1. 3ee. 8". 

nnseaolmble swat ail over the body,"as'Octavius ltoratianus, lib. 2. cap. 5. calls 
it ; cold joiuts, indigestion, Ithey cannot endut their own fulsome belchings, 
continu:d wind about their hypochon,lries, heat and griping in their bowvls, 
preecordi a sursum convelluntur, midriff aud bowels are pulled op, the wins 
about theireyes look red, and svell from vapourz and win,l." Their ears sing 
nov and then, vertigo and giddiness corne by fits, turbulent dreams, dryness, 
leanness, al,t they are to sweat upon ail occasions, of ail colours and com- 
1,1exions. hIany of them are high-colo,tred, especially after meals, which symp- 
tom Cardiual Coecius was ranch troubled wit.h, and ofwhich he complained to 
P»osper Calenus his physician, he could hot eut, or drink a cup of wine, but he 
was as red in the fce as if he had been ata mayoFs feast. That syml,tom 
alone vexeth many. Some again are black, pale, ruddy, sometimes thqr 
shoulders, and sh¢aulder blades ache, there is a leaping ail over thcir bodies, 
suddea trembling, a palpitation of the heurt, and that cardiaca passo, griefiu 
the mouth of thè stomach, which m tketh the patient think hLs heurt itself 
acheth, and sometimes suffocation, di.ffïcuhas anhelitûs, short breath, hardi wind, 
strong puise, svooaing. M,mtanu, consil. 55, Triucavellius, lib. 3. consil. 36, et 
37. Fernelius, con.s. 43. Frambesarius, consult, lib. 1. consil. 17. Hihlesheim, 
Claudinus, &c., give iustance of every particulat: The peculiar symptoms, 
which properly beloag to each part be these. If it proceed from the stomach 
saith tSavaaarola, 'tis fitll of pain and wind, Guiaucrius a, lds vertigo, nausea» 
mch spitting, &c. If from the myrach, a svelliag and wiad in the hypochon- 
dres, a loathing, and appetite to vomir, pulliag npvard. If from the heurt, 
aching and trembling of if, much heaviness. If from the liver, there is usually 
a pain in the right hypochondrie. If from the spleen, hard,ess and grief in tho 
lcft hypochondrie, arumbling.much appetiteaudsmall digestion, Avicenna. If 
ïrom the meseraic veins and li'er on the other side, little or no appetite. Hcrc. 
de Saxoni'2. If from the hypochondries, a rumbling inflation, concoction is 
hindered, often bclching &c. Aud from these crudities, wiudy vapours ascend 
up to the braia which trouble the imagination, and cause fear, sorrov, dulness, 
hetviness, m.my terrible coaceits and chimeras, as Lemnius well observes, l. 1. 
c. 16. "as a black and thick cloud covers the sua, and iutercepts his bcams 
and light, so doth this melancholy vapour obnubilate the miad, enforce it to 
maay absurd thoughts aud imaginatious," and compcl, gooJ, vise, honest, 
discreet men (ari.ing to the braiu from the =lower parts, "as smoke out of 
a chimney") to dote, speak, aud do that whtch becomes them hot, their persons, 
callings, wisdoms. gue by reasort of those ascending vaportrs and gripings, 
rumbling beneath, will hot be persuaded but that he bath a serpeut in his guts, 
a viper, another frogs. Trallianus rel.xtes a story of a woman, that imagined 
she had swallowed an eel, or a serpent, and Felix Platerus, observat, l/b. 1. hath 
a most memorable example of a countryman of his, that by chance falliag into 
a pit where frogs and frogs' spawn was, and a little of that water swallowed, 
began to suspect that he had likewise swallowed frogs' spawn, and with that 
conceit and tar, his phantasy wrought so t:r, that he verily thought he ha,l 
young lire frogs in hL4 belly, çui vive&tut ex alimento sua, that lived by his 
nourishmeut, and was so certaialy petzua, led ofit, that for many years ft|low- 
ing he could hot be rectified in his conceit: He studied physic seven years 
t.,gether fo cure himself, t,avelled into Italy, France and Germany to cottfer 
wah the best physicians about it, and A? l{J09, asked his counsel amongst tho 
test; he told him it was wind, his conceit, &c., but mordicus contradicere, et 
ore et scril»tis pfobara nitebatur: no saying would serve, if was no wind, but 



real frogs: "and de you net hear thern croak" llaterus wouhl hve de- 
ceived hirn, by putting lire frogs into his excremcnts; but he, being a physiciLa 
hirnse]f, would net be decei'ed, vir prudens aliàs, et doctus, a wise and learned 
man othcrwise, a doctor of physie, and after seven years' dotage in this kiud, 
à lolantasia liberatus es$, he was ctred. Laurentius and Goular bave rnany 
such examples, if you be desirous te rend thern. One commodity above the 
test which are melancholy, these windy flatuous bave, lda interva[la, their 
sym[liorns and pains are net nsually se contiuuate as the rest, but corne by 
fiçs, fear and orrow, and the test: yet in anoter they exceed ail othe; and 
that is, *they are luxurious, incontinent, and prone te veneur, by r«asoa of 
wind, e facile amant, et quarnlibetfere anant. (Jason Prtensis.)  Rhasis is 
of opinion, thnt Venus doth many of them mueh good; the other syrnptorns 
of the miad be common with the test. 

Stmsrcr. III.--S#mptoms of llelanclwly aoundhg in tle w£ole ody. 

Tam bodies that are affected with this universal melancholy are most par 
black, "« the melaneholy juice is re,lundmt ail over," hirstte they are, and 
leau, they h,ve brcud veins, their blood is gross and tlaick. "" Their spleen 
is wek," and a liver apt te engender the humour; they have kept bad diet, 
or hve had sorne evacua{.ion stopped, as hoemorrhoids, or months in women, 
vhich ° Tralliauu., in the cure, would bave earefully te be inqired, and withal 
te observe of whaC complexion the party is of, black or red. For a For'estus 
and Hollerius contend, if «they be black, it proceeds frein abuudance of 
aatural melancholy; if it proceed frein cares, agony, discontents, diet, exer- 
eise, &c., they nmy be as well of any 9her colour: red, yellow, pale, as black, 
and yet their whole blood corrupt: prverubr[ colore soepe su» tales, svepe fl.v[, 
(saith ° BIontalCus, cap. 22.) The best woEv te disceru this species, in te let 
them bleed, if the blood be corrupt, thick and black, and they withal free 
frein those hypochondriacal symptoms, and net se grievously troublcd with 
them, or those of the head, it argnes they are rnclancholy, à rote corpore. The 
fumes which arise frein this corrupt blood, disturb the rnind, u,| make them 
fearful and sorrowful, heavy hearted as the res, dejected, diseoutented, solitary, 
s|ent, veary of their lires, dull and heavy, or rnerry.. &c., and if far gone, that 
which Apuleius wished te his enemy, by way of imprecition, is true in them ; 
"• Dead men's bones, hobgoblins, ghosts, are ever in their rninds, and rneet 
them still in every turn: all the btgbears of the night, .ud terrors, 
b:d»es of tombs, and grnves are before their eyes, and in their thoughts, as te 
women and ehildren, if they be in the dark alone." If they hear, or read, 
or see anytragical object, it sticks by them, they are afraid of death, and yel, 
weary of their lires, in their diseontented h,arnours they quarrel with ail the 
world, bitterly inveigh, tax satirieally, and because they canner otherwise 
ent their passions or redress wha is amiss, as they mcan» the:y wilI by violen 
dcath at ls be revenged ou themselvc. 

StrlSEC. IV.Symptoms of 'IIaSls, Nuns, and lrq'dows" lIelanchoIy. 
BECXs dovic Mereatus in his second bk  roulis, ac. cap. 4. 
and od¢rcus à Castro  morb. ««lr. c,zp. 3. llb. 2. two fmous physicia 
• Hoebddaei maxime affectant eoi, et multiplieatur eoi in Ipl, e5 quod ento$itat multipll. 
cantur in llyi»ochondrii et coitlZS soepe aller'dt 11 
$1elacllolic succ to oerpo'e redandans. "Sl»len natura imbecilior. lontalt cap. 22. * Lib. 1. 
cap. 16. lnterrogare eollvesiÇ an aliqaa evaeuatiun rentio obveneriKvi is hlmOlThOl, mulierum 
menstruil, et vie Ineiem similiter an sit rubitnda, s atural nig =quiiti 
lib. 1. semper obviœe speci mortuorum quiequid umbrum t uspinm, 
e¢ul suis aggerun nibi fit=gant 0main noc$iam 
o t¢rricen 



in Spain, Daniel Sennerus of Wittenberg, l/b. 1. loart. 2. cap. 13. with others, 
bave vouchsafed in their works, hot long since published, to write two just 
tl'eatises de JIdaneholiâ Virginum, 2][onialium et Viduarura, as a patoEicular 
speeies of melaneholy (whieh I bave already speeified) distinct ïrom the rest; 
(r for it mueh diffrs ïrom that whieh commonly beçalls mer, and other women, 
as having one only cause proper to women alone) I may hot omit in this 
general survey of melancholy symptoms, go set down the particular 8igns of 
such parties ao misaffecteoE 
The causes are assigned out of Yfippocrates, Cqeolyatra, Ioschion, and hos0 
old Gjncecio'rum ,.qcriptores, of this ferai malady, in more ancient maids, widows, 
and barren women, oh sqtum transv«rsum viohttum, aaith iereatus, by tesson 
of the midriff or Diaphragma, heart and brain offended with those vicious 
vapours which corne from menstlaaOUS blood, inflamm«tionon aterioe circa dot- 
sure, todericus adds, an ir.flammation of the back, which with the rest is 
offer.ded by "that fuliginous exhalation of corrupt seed, troubling the brain, 
hearg and mind; the brain, I say, hot in essence, but by consent, Universa 
eni»t hujus affectûs causa ab tero pendet, et à san9uinis menstrui malitia, for 
in a word, the vhole malady prooeed8 ri-oto that ir.flammation, putfidity, black 
smoky vapours, &c., from thence cornes tare, sorrow, and anxiety, obfuscation 
ofspirits, agony, desperation, and the like, which are intended or remited ; ai 
anuttorius accesserit ardor, or any other violent object or perturbation of mind. 
This melancholy may happen fo widows, with much tare and sorrow, as ri'e- 
quenfly if doth, by reason of a sudden alteration of their accustomed course 
of life, &c. To such as lie in chihlbed oh suppressam tur9ationem ; but fo 
nms and more ancient maids, and some barren women for the causes aforesaid, 
'gis more familiar, crebriùs his quam reliuis accidit» inçuit lodericus, tho 
test are hot altoget,her excluded. 
Oltt of hese causes l,odericus defines it with Areteus, to bo angorem animi, 
a vexation of the mind, a sudden sorrow from a small, light, or no occasion, 
 with a kind of still dotage and ga'ief of some par or other, head, heart, 
breasts, sides, bock, belly, &c., with much solitariness, weepir.g, distraction, 
&c., from which they are somctimes sïaddenly delivered, becaus0 if cornes and 
goes by fits, and is hot so permanent as other melanholy. 
]3ut fo leave hi8 brief description, he most ordinary symptoms be hese, 
pulsatiojuxta dorsum, a beating about the back, vhich is almost perpetual, the 
skin is many rimes rough, squalid, especially, as Aretus observes, about tho 
arms, knees, and knuckles. The midriff and heart-8trings do burn and beag 
very fearfidly, and when this vapour or fume is stirred, flieth upward, the heart 
itself beats, is sore grieved, and faintlgàuces siccitate prcecluduntur, ut di- 
cuiter possit ab uteri strangulatione decerni, like fits of the mother, lhus 
plerisque til reddit, aliis e:riguum, acr6 biliosum, lotium flavum. They 
complain many times, saith ]lercatus, of a great pain in their heads, about their 
hearts, and hypochondries, and so likewise in their breasts, which are often 
sore, sometimes ready fo swoon, their faces are inflamed, and red, they are 
dry, thirsty, suddenly hot, much troubled with vind, cannot sleep, &c. And 
from hence proceedJr/no, deliramenta, a brut.ih kind of dot:rte, troublesome 
sleep, terrible dreams in the night, subrusticus pudor et verecundta i#uava, a 
foolsh kind of bashfuh,ess to some, pervele conceigs and opinions,  dejection 
 Differt enim ab ea quoe viris et reliquis ferniniç communiter contingit, propriam habens causam, • E 
Wnen5trui sanguinis tetru ad Cor et cerebrul3a CXil&l-tiulle vitia|lllll fit:lllell lile,ltClll pcrtm'bat. &c. non per 
ecntiam, sed per consen5um. Animus moerens et anxius inde rnalum trahir, et spirtus ccrcbrum obfu 
cantur quoe cuncta augentur &c. -Cure tacito delirio ac dolore Mictous partis intcrn dorsi, bypochon. 
drii, cordis rcgionem et universam mammttm interdum occ,tpn/is, &c. Cutis alitluando iualid 
rugosa proecipue cubi[is gcnibu et dig, torum articulis, prœecordia ingenti -pc torrore .tuant et pulsant 
ctmtque vapor excitatus ursum evolat cor paipitat aut prcmitur &nimus dcfic|t &c.  Animi dejcctiot 
crversa rcl'U.m existimano, prœepostel-um judicium. Fastidios languente tdios. consilJ| inope 
chryrnosoe» ttrnente rnoetoe » cure suture& rerum meliorum depet.ationes nttll& re tlclctantur» solitudiutzl 



of mnd, much discourent, preposterous judgment. Thcy ar apt t Io.the, 
dislike, disdan» te be weary of every object, &c., each thing almost is teclious 
te them, they pine away» void of counsel, apt te weep» and tremble, tnrou, 
fearfd, sac], and out of ail hope of better fortunes. They take delght in 
nothing for the rime, but love te be alone and solitr, though that do.them 
more harm: and thus they are affecte4 se hng as this vpour lasteth; but 
by-and-by as pleasant and merry as ever they wcre in thcir lires» they sing, 
discourse, and laugh in any good company» upon all occasions, and se by fits if 
takes them new and then, except the malady be inveterate, and then 'tis mor 
frequent, vehemcnt» and continuate. lany of them canner teli how te express 
themselves in words, or how if holds them, what ails them, you canner undcr- 
stand them, or well tell what te make of their sayings; se far gone somctime 
se stupified and distracted, they thiuk themselves be5tched, they are in 
despair» aptr ad fleum, oeTeratn, doIr nmm  hgpochondriis. 
catus thcrefore adds, new their breasts, new their Iypochondries, belly and 
aides, then their heurt and head aches, new heat then ind, new this, noir 
that offends, they are weary of ail; "and yet will net, canner again tell how, 
wherc or whaç offeuds them, though they be in grcat pain, agony, and fre- 
quently complain, grieving, sighing, weeping, and discontentcd still, ne caus5 
»ztifestâ, most part yct I say they will complain, grudg% lainent, and net be 
pcrsuadd, but that they are troubled with an evil spirit» which i. frequent in 
Germany» aith Rodericus amongst the common sort: and te such as are 
most grievously affected (for he makes three degrees of this diseuse in women), 
they are in despair» surely forespoken or bewitched and in extremiçy of their 
dotage (weary oftheir lives), seine ofthem will attmpt te maie away them- 
selves. Seine think they see visions, couler with spirits and devils, they sball 
surely be damned, are afxaid of seine trcachery, imminent danger, and the 
like, they will net speak, make answer te any question, but are almost dis- 
tracted, mad» or stupid for the time, and by fits: and thus it holds them, as 
they are more or less affecte and as the inuer humour is intended or remJtted, 
or by outward objects and perturbations aggravated» solitariness» idleneas» &c. 
]any other maladies there are icident te young women, out ofthat onc and 
only causes above specified, many feral cliseases. I will net se much as mention 
their names melancholy alone is the subject oî my present discourse, frein 
which I wilI net swerve. The several cures of this infirmity, concerning diet, 
which must be ver¥ sparing, phlebotomy, physic, internal, extern.l remedies» 
are af large in great variety in lodericus à Castro» Sennertus, and Mercatus 
which whoso wil, as occasion serres, may mate use of- But the best and 
surest remedy of ali, is te see them weli placed and marrled te good husbands 
in due rime»/ir///achynoe, that is the primary cause, and this the rcady 
cure» te give them content te their desires. I write net this te patronise any 
wanton, idle flirt, lascivious or light housewives, wh(ch are too forward many 
rimes» unruly» and apt te cast away themselves on him that cornes next, with- 
out all cure, counsel, circumspection, and judgment. If religion, good disci- 
lline, honest educatiin wholesome exhortation, fah" promises fume and loss of 
good naine» canner inhibit and deter such (which te chaste and sober mal(la 
canner choose but avail much), labour and exercise» strict diet» rigour and 
threats» may more opportunely be used» and are able of themselves te qualify 
and clivert an ill-disposed temperament. For seldom should you see an hired 
servant, a poor handmaid, though ancient, that is kept hard te ber work, and 
bodily labour, a coarse countr wench troubled in this kind but noble virgins, 



ice gentlewomen, such as are solitary and idle, live at ease, lead a lire out of 
action and employment, that rare well, in great bouses and jovial companies, 
i]l disposed peradventure of themselves, and hOt willing to make anyresistance, 
discontented otherwise, of weakjudgment, able bodies, and subject fo passions, 
(grandiores virgines, saith ]Iercatus, str//es e v/dues p/erumue me/anchol/c¢v), 
such for the most part are maffected, and prone to thé« disease. I do hot so 
much pity them that may otherwise be eased, but those alone that out of a 
strong temperament, innate constitution, are violently carred away with 
tbis torrent of inward humours, and though very modest of themselves, sober, 
religious, virtuous, and well given (as many so distressed maids are), yet ena- 
hot make resistance, these grievances will alpear , this malady will take place, 
and now manifestly show itself, and may hot otherwise be helped. But where 
ara I Into what subject bave I rushed What bave I to do with nuns, 
maids, virgins, widows ? I ara a bachelor myself, and lead a monastic life in 
a college, ner ego san« irwptus çui ]wc dixerim, I confess 'ris an indecarum, 
and as Pallas a virgin blushed, vhen Jupiter by chance spake of love matte 
iu ber presence, and turned away ber face; m 'eprimam, though my subject 
necessarily recluire it, I will say no more. 
And yet. I must aud will say something more, add a word or two n gratiam 
Virginum et Viduarum, in tavour of all such elistressed parties, in commisera- 
tion of their present estate. And as I cannot choose but condole their mishap 
that labour of this infirmity, and are destitute of help in this case, so must I 
needs inveigh against them that are in fault, more than manifest causes, and 
as bitterly tax those tyrannising pseudo-politicians' superstitious orders, rash 
vows, hard-hearted parents, guardians, unnatural fviends, allies (call them ho" 
you will), those careless and stupid overseers, that out of worldly respects, 
covetousness, su pins negligence, their own private ends(cure sibi sis interin benì) 
can so severely reject, stubbornly nelect, and impiously contemn, without ail 
remorse and pity, the tears, sighs, groans, and grievous miseries of such poor 
souls committed to their charge, ttow odious and abominable are those super- 
stitious and rash vows of Popish monasteries ! so to bind and enforce men and 
women to vow virginity, to lead a single life, against the lavs of nature, oppo- 
site to religion, policy, and humanity, so fo starve, to offer violence, to suppress 
the vigour of youth by rigorous statures, severe laws, vain persuasions, to 
debar them of that to which by their innate temperature they are so furiously 
inclined, urgeutly carried and sometimes precipitated, even irresistib|y led, to 
thc prejudice of their sours health, and good estate ofbody and mind: and all 
for base ad private respects, to maintain their gross superstition, to enrich 
themselves and their territories, as they falsely suppose, by hindering some mar- 
riages, that the world be hot ftfll of beggars, and their parishes pestered vitk 
orphans; stupid politicians, Iecclnef.iflagiia  ought these things so to be 
carried  better marry than burn, saith the Apostle, but they are otherwise per-' 
suaded. They will by all means quench their neighbour's bouse if if be on tire, 
but that tire of lust which breaks out into such lamentable flames, they will hot 
take notice of, theirownbowels oftentimes, fleshandblood shall so rage and burn,' 
and they wfll hot ses it: niserum est, saith Austin, seipsum on niserescere, 
and they are miserable in the mean rime that cannot pity themselves, the 
common good of ail, and per conse(luens their own estates. _For let them bu 
consider what fearful maladies, feral diseases, gross inconveniences, corne to 
both sexes by this enforced temperance, it troubles me to think of, much mors 
to relate those freoeluent abortions and murdering of infants in their nunneries 
(rend ° Kemnitius and others), their notorious fornications; those Spintrias, 
Tribadas, Ambubeias, &c., those rapes, incests, adulteries, mtuprations. 

 • Famen eone. Trident, de oelibtu s_eroE 



sodomies, buggerle of monks and friarm Sec Balc's visitation of abbeys, 
Mercurialis, Rodericus  Oastro, leter Forestus, and divers physieians ; I 
know their ordinary apo]oes and excuses for these things, se.d viderir Poli.. 
tio, $1"e.di, The.olog, I shal[ more opportunely meet with them 
« Illius vlduoe, Sut patronum Vlrginl 
lge me forte laUt¢ vehum 

IESIB. III. 
Immediate cause of these precedent ,_qymptoms. 
1'o give seine satisfaction te melancholy men that are troubled with thes 
symptoms, a better means in my judnent canner bo taken, than te show 
them the causes whence they proceed; net frein devils as they suppose, or 
tha they are bewitched or forsaken of God, hear or sec, &c., as many of them 
think, but frein natural and inward causes, that se knowlng them, they may 
better avoid the effects, or at least endur0 them with more patience. The 
most grievous and common symptoms are fear and sorrow, and tha withou 
a-cause te the wisest and discreetet men, in this malady no te be avoided. 
The reason why they are se YEtius discusseth at large, Tetrabib. 2. 2. in his 
first problem ou of Galen, lib. 2. de caus/ssympt. 1. For Galen imputeth ail 
te the coid that is black, and thinks that the spirits being darkened, and the 
substance of the brain cloudy and dark, all the objects thereof appear terrible, 
and the t mind itselt; hy those dark, obscure, gross fumes, ascending frein black 
humours, is in continual darkness, fear, and sorrow; divers terrible monstrous 
fictions in a thousand shapes and apparitions occur, with violent pa.sions, b3r 
which the brain and phantasy are troubled and eclipsed. 
de intellect. "will bave cold te be the cause of fear and sorrow; for such as 
are cold are ill-disposed te mirth, dull, and henry, by raature solita .ry, silent 
and net for any inward darkness (as physicians think) ibr many melanchol 
men date boldly be, continue, and walk in the dark, and delight in it :" 
fi'igidi tbnidl: if they be hot, they are merry ; ami the more hot, the more 
iktrious, and void of fear, as we sec in madmen; but this reason holds net, for 
then no melancholy, proceeding frein choler adust, should fear. 'Averroes 
seoffs af Gatcn for his reasons, and brings rive arguments te rcpel them : se 
doth Herc. de Saxoni/i, Tract. de $[ela,ch. cap. 3. assigning other cause% vhich 
are copiously ceusured and confuted by2Elianus h[ontaltus, cap. 5 and 6, Lod. 
l[ercatus de Ieter. morb. cur. lib. 1. cap. 17, Altomarus, cap. 7. de me.l., 
Guianerius, tract. 15. vap. 1, ]3,ght, cap. 37, Laurentius, vap. 5, alesius, 
med. vont. lib. 5, con. l. "" Distemperatm,," they conclude, "makes black 
juice, blackness obscures the spirits, the spirits obscured, cause fear and sor- 
row." Laurentius, cap. 13. supposeth these black fume offend specially the 
diaphragma or midriff, and se/r conse9uens the mind, which is obscured as 
 the sun by a clou& Te this opinion of Galen, almos al] the Greeks and 
Ambians subscribe, the Latins new and old, interner tenebrev offuscant animum, 
ut ext¢rn(v nocent/ruer/s, as children are affrighted in the dark, se are melan- 
cboly men at ail times, ° as having the inward cause vith them, and still car- 
rying i about. "Vtfich black vapeurs, whether they proceed frein the black 
blood about the heart, as T. V. Jes. thinks in his Treatise of the passions of 

Cap. de Satyr. et Prapis. • Part. 3. sect. 2. Mem'o. 5. Sab. 5. • "Let you may imagine that | 
patrortie that wtdow or this v|rg'in, | shall hot dd another word." I Vapores erasi et nt k ventri. 
¢uIo in cerebrom exhant. Fe/. Plate.  Calidi hilar, igi indisstti  loetitiam, et ideo solitmi,. 
/nciturni non ob tetebr Intern ut mcdicI volun sed ob fris: mti meIanchoDci nocte ambulant 
intrcpidl.  Var mc]o]icL spiritib mist nebrarum cau surir, cap. I. m tempe facit 
tl¢cum nium, niiti ocurt spirium, ocurao spirits fit metum et ttifiam.-  Ut nubec 
l¢m ffuscat. Constanfinu. de melnch. Altomarus, c. 7. Cau-am timor ccumert at 
hor i ma[ et atrl sh'it pcctuam an domicio offdt nqtem. 



the mind, or stomach, spleen, midriff, or all the misaffeeted parts together, it 
boots hot, they keep the mind in a pepetual dungeon, and oppressit with 
contindal fears, auxicties, sorrows, &c. Itis an ordinary thiug for such as are 
sound to laugh st tbis dejected pnsillanimity, and those other symptoms of 
melaucholy, to make themselves men T with them, and to wonder st such, as 
toys and triflcs, which may be resisted and withstood, if they will themselves: 
but let him that so wonders, consider with himself, that if a man should tell 
him on a sudden, some of his especial friends were dead, could he choose but 
/rieve ? Or set him upon a steep rock, wbere he should be in danger to bo 
precipitated, could he be secure  ]:[is heart would tremble for fear, and his 
head be giddy. P. tyarus, Tract. depest, gives instance (as I bave said) "p and 
put case (saith he) in one that walks upon a plank, if it lie on the ground, he 
tan safcly do it: but if the saine plank be laid over some deep water, instead 
of a bridge, he is vehemently moved, and 'tis nothing but his imagination, 
,¢brnm cadend£ impressa, to which lais other members and faculties obey." 
rea, but you infer, that such men have a just cause to fear, a truc object of 
fear; so bave melancholy men an inward cause, a perpetual fume and dark- 
ness, causing fear, grief, suspicion, which they carry vith them, an object 
which cammt be removed; but sticks as close, and is as inseparable as a 
shadow to a body, and who can expel or overrun his shadow  lemove heat 
of the livex, a cold stomach, weak spleen: remove those adust humours and 
vapours aising from them, black blood from the heart, all outward perturba- 
tions, take away the cause, and then bid them hot grieve nor fear, or be Iaeavy, 
dl, lumpish, otherwise counsel can do little good; you may as well bid him 
that is sick of an ague hot tobe a-dry; or him that is wounded hot fo feel pain_ 
Suspicion follows fear and sorrow at heels, arising out of the saine fountain, 
so thinks «Fracastorius, "that fear is the cause of suspicion, and still they 
suspect some treachery, or some secret machination tobe framed against them, 
still they distrust." Restlessness proceeds from the saine sprint, variety of 
fumes make them like and dislike. Solitariuess, avoiding of light, that they 
are weary of their lires, hate the world, arise from the saine causes, for their 
spirits and humours are opposite to light, fear makes them avoid company, and 
absent themselves, lest they should be misused, hissed ai, or overshoot them- 
selves, which still they suspect. They are proue to venery by reason of winoE 
Angry, waspih, and fretting still, out of abundance of choler, which causeth 
farful dreams and violent perturbations to them, both sleeping and waking: 
That they suppose they bave no heads, fly, sink, they are pots, glasses, &c., is 
wind in their heads, rHerc, de Saxoniâ doth ascribe this to the several 
motions in the animal spirits, "their dilation, contraction, confusion, alteration, 
tenebrosity, hot or cold distemperature," excluding all material humours, 
"Fracastorius « accounts ita thing worthy of inquisigon, vhy they should 
entertain such false conceits, as that they bave horns, great noses, that they 
are bird beasts," &c., why they should think themselves kings, lords, csrdi- 
nals. or the first, Fracastorius gives two fessons: "One is the disposition 
of the body; the other, the occasion of the phantasy," as if their eyes be pur- 
blind, their ears sing, by rcason of some cold and rheum, &c. To the second, 
Laurentius answers, the imagination inwardl: or outwardly moved, represents 
to the tmd.erst.an.ding, hot enticements only, to favour the passion or disle, 
but a very mtenstve pleasure follows the passion or displeasure, and the will 
and reason are captivated by delighting in it. 
 Pone exemplurn, quod quls potest mbulare super trabem quoe est n vis: se{] sl slt super aqusm pro- 
ftmdam, loco pontis, non ambalabt super eam, eo quod [maglnetur in anlmo et timet vehementer, forma 
cadendl impressa, cul obediunt membra omn[a, et facultates rellquoe, q Lib. 2. de |ntellectione. Suspiciosi 
oh thnorem et ob}iquum dLscursum, et semper [ride putant elbl tieri insldias. Lsuren. 5. • Tract. de 
nel. cap. "/. Ex dilatiote, contractione, confus|one, tenebrositate epirituum, calid fr[gld& nternperie, &c. 
• lllud |nqulsRione dgnttm, car tare falsa reciplant, habere se cornu e nortuo nuto e aYe & 
 . Dipositio cororis. 2. Occasio Imagin&tlonl 
/, 



Why students ancl loyers are se of*en melancholy and mati, tho philosophez 
of °Coaimbra assigus this reason, "because by a vehement azid continul medi- 
ration of tlmt wherewith they are affected, they fetch np the spirits into tho 
brain, and with the heat brought with them, they incend if beyond mea.sure: 
and the cell of the inner senses dissolve their temperature, wkich being di 
solved, they caunot perform their ooEces as they ought." 
Why melauclxoly men are witty, which Axistotle hath long since maintained 
in tus problems; and that •ail learned men, famons philosophers, and law- 
givers, ad unun fer$ omnes ¢ne.lanctwlici, bave still bcen melancholy, is a 
problem much controverted. Jason Pratensis will bave if understood ofnatural 
melancholy, which opinion Melancthon inclines te, in his book de Anirna, and 
Marcilius Ficinus, de san. tuend, lib. 1. cap. 5. but net simple, for that makea 
]nen etupid, heavy, dull, being cold and dry, fearful, fools, and solltary, but 
mixed with the other humours, phlegm only excepted; and they net adnst, 
rbut se mixed a that blood be hal with little or no adtstion, that they ho 
neither too hot ner too cold. Apponensis, cited by àe]ancthon, thinks it pro- 
ceeds frein melancholy adust, excluding all natm'al melancholy as too col& 
Latitntius coudemas kis tenet, because aAustion of humours makes men maA, 
as lime burns when water is cast on if. It must be mixed with blood, and 
somewhat adust, and se that olcl aphorism of AxLstotle may be verified, NvJ2um 
/nura irudeniun sine miurâ dement/, no excellent wit without a nxixturo 
of maduess. Fracatorius shall decide the controversy, « pMegmtic are dull: 
sauq£ine lively, pleasant, acceptable, aud merry, but net witty: choleric are 
too swift in motion, and furious, imitient of contemp]ation, deceitful wits: 
melancholy men bave tho most excellent wits, but net all; tkis humour nmy 
be hot or cold, thick or rhin; if too hot, they are furious and : if too cold, 
dull, stupid, rimerons, and sacl: if temperate, excellent, rther incLilfing te that 
extreme of heat, than cold." Tkis sentence of kis will a-ee wit.h that of 
leraclitus, a dry light makes  wise mind, temperate heat and dryness are tho 
chief OEuaes of a good wit ; thercfore, sitk xElian, an elephazxt is the wisest of 
ail brute beasts, becanse his brain is driest, er oh o2rce bi[i, copi»: this reason 
Caxdan pprows, zuhil. I. 12. Je. Bpti¢ Silvaticus, a physician of Milan, 
in his first controversy, hath copiously handlecl tkis question: Rulandus in his 
px'oblems, Cœellus thodiginus, I/b. 17, Vaileriol 6 » zrr2. med., Hein. de 
8axoniî b Tsct. posth, de »nd. cap. 3, Lodovicus Mrcatus, de l:ter. »terb. cur. 
lib. 1. cp. 17, Bptista Porta PAy9. IOE. I. c. 13, and many other 
Veepiug, sighing, laughing, itch£ug, trembling, sweating, blushing, hearing 
and seeig strange noises, vLsions, wind, crudity, axe motions of thd body, 
depending upou these precedçnt motions of the mind : neither are tears, affco- 
tions, but actions as ScaLiger hold) ""the voice of such as are afraid, trembles, 
because the heart is shaken," (Coni,b. /rrob. 6. sec. 3. de soin.)why they 
stutter or fIter in their speech, Mercurilis aaxd Montaltus, cap. 17. give liko 
reasons out of Hippocrates, «  dryness, which makes the nerves of the tonguo 
torpicL" Fast spealdng (which is a symptom of seine few) 2Etius will haro 
caused "*iom abuudanco of wind, and swifness of imagination: «baldness 
cornes frein excess of dryness,"hirsuteness ri'oto a dry temperaturo. The ca.use 
of much waking in a dry brain, continua rneditation, discontent, fears and 
tares, that surfer net tho mind te be ai test, incontinency is frein wind, and a 
hot liver, Montanus, cants. 26. Rumbling in the guts is cused lom wind, and 

sIn Iro. U. de eoelo. Vehemens et as«idua eogltatto tel ergs qum aflctur, spirltus in eerebrum eroe_|. 
• }[elancholicl IngenioM omne, eummi vlri in artibus et disciplini, sire cireum tmperstoriam ant reip. dis- 
¢lplinam omnes fere melancbolicL Aritoteles. Adeo micentur, rit sit dnp]um sanguinis ad reliqua dno, 
=Lib. 2. de lnteilecttone. ¥1ngul eunt Mine]va IbSegmsttci: f,nguine| mabile, gxati, hilare t non 
lngenioet ; cbolertci celer motu, et ob id contemIlationiimpatientes : Melancholici olnm excetlente. 
• Trepidantinm vox tremula, quia cor qnatitur. Ob aridltate qne reddlt nervoe lingu torpie.o 
• .ncoat3c.ntia  ex folla flalum et vf, locitate lmaKtnatio ni. • Çe.lvitioe oh IccAtia ex¢,enm- 



wind from iii concocCion, weakness of naural beaU, or a di»tmpered heat 
and cold; "1Palpitation of the heart from vapours, heaviness and aching front 
the saine cause. That the belly iz hard, wind is a cause, and of that lea I ing 
:_n many parts. edness of the fae, an01 itehing, as if they were flea-bitten, 
or stung with pismires, ri'oto a sharp subtile wind. tCold sweat from vapours 
arising from the hypoehondries, which piteh upon the skin ; leannesa for want 
of good nourishment. Why their appetite is so great Egius anawers: Os 
ventris fri#esclt, eold in those iuner parts, cold belly, and hot liver, eauseth 
erudity, and intention proeeeds ri'oto perturbatdons, nour soula for wan of 
spiris eannot attend exactly fo so many intentive operatious, being exhaust, 
and overswayed by passion, she eanno eonsider the reasous whieh may dJz- 
uade her from such affections. 
 Bashfulnes and blushing iz a passion pi»per to men alone, and is hot only 
eaused for some shame ad ignominy, or ghat they are guilty uno themselves 
of some foui tact eommitted, but as Fracaztorius well determines, oh defeetum 
prol'ium , et timorem, "from fear, and a eoneeiç of out defeeçs; tho fae 
lzbour and is troubled af his presenee that sees out defeets, and nature» willing 
fo help, aends thither heat, hea draws the subtilest blood, and so we blush. 
They that are bold, arrogant, and careless aeldom or never bluh, buC aueh 
are tharful." Anthonius Lodovicus, in his book de 19udore, will bave thi sub- 
tile blood fo arise in the face, not so mueh for the reverenee of out betters in 
presence, "'* but for joy ad pleasure, or if any thing af unawarez shall pas 
from us, a sudden accident, occurse, or meeting ;" (which Disarinsin Macrobius 
eonfirms) any objeet heard or seen, for blind men never blush, as Dandinus 
obseres, the night and darkness make men impudent. Or that webe said before 
our betCers, or in compauy we like hot, or ifany thing molest and offend us, 
bescestla turns t rubo,r, blushing to a continuate redness. *Sometimes the 
-exremity of the ears tingle, and are red, someCimes Che whole face, Etsi nildl 
vitlosum commiseris, as Lodovicus holds: though A_risçotle is of opinion, 
omnis gudor e.e vitio commisso, ail shame for some offence. But we find other- 
wise, it may as wdl proceed V from fear, from force and inexperienco (so 
«Dandiuus holds), as ice; a hot liver, saith Duretus (notis in 11ollerium:) 
"from a hot brain, ri-oto wind, the lung. heated, or ai'ter drinking of wine, 
strong drink, perturbations," &c. 
"LaughCer, what it is" saith "Tully, " how caused, where, and so suŒEdenly 
breaks out, that desirous t say it, we cannot, houer it cornes Co possess and stir 
out taee, veius, eyes, countenance, mouth, sides, let Democritus determine." 
The cause that it often affects melancholy men so ranch, is given by Gomesius, 
lib. 3. de sole tlenial, cat. 18. abundallce of pleasatt vapours, which, in 
gxùne melancholy especially, break from the hear, "'and tickle the midriff, 
because it is transverse and full of nerves: by which titillation, the sente 
being moved, and arteries diztended or pulled, the spirits from thence more 
and poess the side_z, veins, eountenanee, eyes." See more in Jossius de risu 
etJletz, gives 3 d« Animâ. Tears, as Scaliger defines, proceed from grief and 
"pity, "'or ?om Che heating of a moist brain, for a dry cannot weep." 
•hat ey see and hear so many phanCasms, chimeras, noises, vizious, &c., 

• tins. SLauren. c. l. • Tetrab. 2. er. 2. cap. Z0. • Ant. Lodovicus, prob. lib. I. sect. 
fie atrabiiariis.  ubrttsticus pudor vitiosua pudor. Ob i@omia aut turpituem 
I De symp. et Anip. cap. 12. laborat fies ob pentiam e]us qul defectu nostrum videç et nat qui 
opem lura corem iHuc mittit, Lor sangnem ahiK unde ruer, au non rubent, &c. 
gaudium et voluptem for exit sang aut omelios t'ettia aut ob subitum occuum 
qoEid inu excidertt, a Coin.  Arist. de ima. CI ut pl ipudent Rox cit impt 
• Alexander Aphroaisle  aU hfn a virtue, mque  fe  ipso experi sotu 
¢et modum senex, t Sœe post cibnm apU ad ruborem, ex potu  ex timore 
lido, cetbro cido, &e. q Coin. In At. de anim t  ri et Inexperiena quam 



"trem. .] Causes of thèse 8/,nlti'. "279 
" Fienus bath discoursed at large in his book of imaçnation, and °Lavater 
7 & spectris, part. 1. cap. 2. 3. g. their corrupt phantasy makes them sec and 
heur that which indeed is neither heard nor seen, Oui multumjejunant, aut 
"Twctas dttcunt insomnes, they that much ftst, or want sleep, as melancholy or 
"ick men commonly do, ee visions, or such as are weak-sighted, very ¢imorou. 
'by nature, mari, distracted, or earnestly seel ,çabini quod voguer somaiant, 
"as the saying is, they dream of that the desire. Like Sarmiento t.he Si,n. 
'niard, who when he was sent $o discover the strais of Magellan, and confine 
il,laces, by the lrorex of l%ru, standing on the top of a bill, Armen/ss/ma,t 
 panitiem despicer« sib visus .fuit, cedi.fwia magniftca, g«amplurbnos _Paos, 
altas Turres, splendida Templa, and brave ci/ies, buil hke ottrs in Furope, 
hot, saih mine "au,hot, tha there was any such thing, but that he was vais- 
'simus et nimis credulu, and would fain have had it so. Or asrLo. Mercatus 
proves, by reasoa of inward vapours, and humours from blood, choler, &c., 
diversely mixed, they apprehend and sec outwardly, as they suppose, divers 
images, which indeed are hot. As they that drink wine think all runs round, 
when if is in their ovn brain ; sois it with these men, the fault and cause is 
inward, as Galea affirms, *mad men and such as are near death, quas extra s« 
videre putant Ima.qines, intra oculos habent, 'ris in their brain, which seems to 
be belote them; the brain as a concave glass reflects solid bodies. ,S'enes 
'etiam decrepit cerebru» habent concavum et aridum, ut rrtaginentur se videre 
' (saith "Boissardus)quee not surir, old men are too frequently mistaker and dot 
in like case: or as he that looketh through a piece of red glass, judgcth every: 
thing he secs to be red; corrapt vapours mounting from the body to the henri, 
and distilling agair ïrom thence fo theeyes, when theyhave mi ngled themselves 
with tho watery crystal which receiveth the shadows of things to be seen, make 
all things appear of t.he saine cohmr, which remains in the humour that over. 
spreads out sight, as to melancholy men ail is black, fo phlegmatic MI wllite 
&c. Or else as befi,re the organs, corrupt by a corrupt phantasy, as Lemnius, 
lib. 1. cap. 16. well quotes, "»cause a great agitation of spirits, and humom 
which wander to and fro in alI the creeks of the brain, and cause stch appa- 
ritions beïore their eyes." Ont thi'ks he rends something written in tho 
moon, as Pythagoras is said to bave donc of old, aaother smells brimstone, 
hcars Ccrberus bark: Orestes now mad supposed he saw the furies tormenting 
him, and hi mother still ready to run upoa him 
tt O mater obseero noi me persequl 
llis furiia aspectu anguit3eia horribillbia, 
Ecc ecce me iavaàtmt, in m-" jm rtmnti" • 
bu Elecra told him thus raving in his mad fit, he saw no such sights af al], 
if was but his crazed imagination. 
, " Qalesce, qniesce miser in linteis rais, 
lon cernts etnim qum vhlere te putas." • 
So Pentheus(in Bacchis Euripidis)saw two suns, two Thebes, his brain alone 
'was troubled. Sickness is an ordinary cause ofsuch sights. Cardan, subtil. 8. 
Mens eegra laborlbus et jejunils fracta, faciZ eos videre, audlre, &c. And. Osi- 
"ander beheld strange visions, and A lexander ab Alexandro both, in their sick- 
.ne, which he relates de ,'erum varietat, lib. 8. cap. 4L Albategnius that 
inoble Arabian, on his death-bed, saw a ship ascending and descenchng, which 
',:Frac.storius records of his friend Baptisa Tirrianus. Weak sight and a vain 
persuasion wihal, may effect as much, and second causes concurring, as an oar 



o Syp of M«lancy. [Part I. 
in war  a retio and s bigger, bended, double, &c. The tck- 
ness of the a y oe ch effects, or y object no weH ed  the 
rk, fear and phant w mmpec to be 
mi« tt,cf credu,we ara apt go beeve,d take  such s. 
arccll Donatm, l. 2. cap. 1. bfin  a sto out of totle, of ono 
,pharon wch lely w, wherover he was, his o image  the a 
 in a g. Viteo, l. 10. Fsp$. bath such other stce of a 
&r acqtanoe of his, that r the wang of t'oe or fo night sloep, 
 he w fig by a ver sid w another fiding th hi and g 
such gestes  he d, but when more Hght appre it vheoE Eret 
and anchorites bave frequently such absurd vision, revelatio by ron of 
much ting, and bad dieU, my are deoeived by legerdema, 
well showed in his book of the covery of tchcraf, d Caban, 
uffites, ffum soEugafio, xed oendles, pcptive gles, and such 
atuml es, make men look   they wcre de or with ho-h» 
hulls'-ho, d such e bmt shapes, the roem f of snob, adders, dar 
lght, groen, red, of Ml colos,  you may peroeivo  Baptista Porta, exi 
.klbert, d othc, glow-wo, e-dre melon, ]gnfau, which 
Pli, lb. 2. cap. 37. oelh Ctor and Pou with ny such that app 
in moorsh ounds, about churchyards, mois vaDey or where battles bave 
been fought, the  of which read in clenius, Veloi, Fus, &c., 
such fea are often done» to fflghten cdren 
to me fo look   they were dead, solito , bigger, ler, fairer, 
foer, u$ n  capus vntur ; 
occupe ps canis nig, &c., saith Albcrt; d  't orary to e strange 
u aoeuth s]ghts by oetoptri; who knows no that   a dk room, the 1]ght 
be admitted a one only litfle hole, and a paper or gla put upon it, the sun 
sMnng, 1 reprent on the oppoeite wall aD such objec  are filum]nated 
by s rays with concave and cynder gles, we may reflcc any shape of 
men, devfis, tics (as mglcians mos pa do, to gl a sly spectator  a 
dark roem), we will ourclves, and that hanng in the air, when 'ris nothng 
but ch an hoible image  s.ppa dmotrates» pled 
Rogcr Bon of old  said to bave rcpreseud  o image walng  the 
air by t , though no such tg apr  hs pempoetv. Bu mos 
par i  in the bra t deceives them, although I may not deny, but that 
oentimes the de delud them, kes his oppoty to sggest d repr 
sent v objccts to melancholy me and such  ara -affteoE To the 
you may add the avh importes of jugglers, exorcts, maTEest 
mounteban, of whom Roger Baoen s, &c.,  ir uroe eS a, 
«p. 1. they oen oerfei the voic of  b and b bts os 
Mi ton and  of men, and spe th the toats,  ff they oke 
aç o that they make their au beeve they hear spots, and are then 
much tonished and ghted th it. Besid, those artcial deoes to 
over-hear their coeio, ke that whispeEng place of Gloucter 
or ke the de's phoe at tua  Italy, where the sound  reverbemed 
by a concave waD; a rein of wch BI 
mathematicaDy demonstrates. 
So that the heag is  quently deluded  the sght, m the m 
cus aost,  he tt hm be, will me them sound what he lt. 
the foei tketh,  the be cet" Theop 
mic ri'oto vapou, wch ruade h  und, &c. Some e deoeived by 
• Sene. Quod meurt  nq 1 p 
composit e ta  Albe. s Ltb. 
br  ider  pu quum  st u q 
m.voc aemm  ven et te gen fot vo h h lgè ve] pm p 



echoes, seine by roartng of waters, or concaves and reverberation of 
grotmd, hollow plaes and wai/s.  At Cadurcum, in Aquitaine, words and 
sentences are repeted by a strange echo te the fl, or whatsoever you shall 
ply upon a musical instrument, more distinctly ad louder, tln they 
spoken at first. Seine echoes repeat a thing spoken seven times, as at Olym- 
]>s, in Maedonia, as Pliny relates, l/b. 36, cap. 15. Seine twelve rimes, as 
at Charenton, a vie ner laris, in France. At De]phos, in Greece, here- 
tofore was a miracu]ous echo, and se in many other places. Cardan, 
1. 18, bath wonderful stores of such as bave len deluded by these echocs. 
Blancanus the Jesuit, in tLiS Echometr, bath variety of exemples, and gives 
Iris reader fui] satisfaction of al/such sounds by way of demonstration. 
Barrey, an isle inthe Severn mouth, they seem te hear a smith's forge: se 
at Lipari, and those sulphureous isles, and nny such like which Olaus speaks 
of in the continent of Scandia, and those northern countries. Cardan, de 
vwr. L 15, c. 84, mentioneth a woman, that stii/supposed she heard the devi/ 
call ber, and speaking te ber» she was a pater's wiïe in ]KiLn: and many 
illusions and voices, which proceed most part frein a corrpt imagination. 
Whence it cornes te Is, that they prophesy, speak eeveral lngges, tlk 
of astronomy, and other unkow sciences te them (of which they bave 
ever ignorant): m I bave in bef touched, only thi I wi]l here aAd, tht Arcu- 
lanus, Eodin. l/b. 3. oepo 6, dwon, and seine others," hold as a nnifest token 
that such perons are possessed wih the devi]; se doth ° Hercu]es de Saxoniî, 
and Apponensis, and fit only te be cured by a priest. But p Guianerius, Mon- 
ta]tus, Pompontius of Padua, and Lemnius, l/b. 2, cep. 2, reïer it who]ly te 
the iii-disposition of the • humour, and that out of the authority of Atotlo, 
prob. 30. 1, because such symptoms are cm'ed by purging; and as by tho 
st»iking of a flint tire is enforced, se by the vehement motion of spirits, they 
de e[icere voces inondions, compel strange speeches te be spoken : another 
gument he bath frein Plato's remiisc«i, which ai] out as likely as that 
w]fich "Marflius Ficinus speaks of hi friend Pierleonus; by a divine kid 
of ifuion he undersgood the eerea of nature, and eneg of Greeian and 
barbaxin phi]osopher, belote ever he heard of, saw, or re&d heir works: 
buç in his I should tacher hold wih Avieem and hia a-oeciat, th aueh 
ympçoma proceod frein evll spiriç, whieh ake ail opporuafiies of humour8 
deeayed, or oherwise o perver he oul of man: ad bedes, he humour 
itself i Bala,m Zabo/i» ho devil's bh; -d a Agripp prove, doçh 
him o eize upo hem. 

SECT. IV. ]IEBIB. I. 
ooNo, or s of fivgs to corne, are either good or b If t 
mdy be hot ere&ta, and taken at te bec--g, there is good hope of 
cure,  ratn   d, saith ce l. 3, F. 1, TraC. 
4, c. 18. at wch  th ughter, of oe othem la most aecur gentl 
d reine, Herc de o " If that euation of hoemorrhoi, or 
vac, wch they oeil e war between the in, sha happen  a mel- 
kTam crè et l]atè au p ut peffflor t Echo q ip es. B]og of 
bow d oeg of hamm H they spply e]r  te e cliff, m Memb. 1. Sub. 3. of t 
pit[on n 16  9 Rh = Si mon ns st ni qu ]oquantoe  q  nci 
 ut Teuto aut aHud Iom &c. -Cap. 1 ua. de meL • t. 1. c. 4. « Cap. 9. 
• M s ut hor rque vehems mentem ex qu &c. .Pfst. 
  lvt  



9norbis vulgar, cern. 8, confirms the sa..e; and te this aphorim of Hippocrates.. 
all theArabians, new and old Latins subscribe; lIontaltus, c. 25, Hercules de 
Saxoniâ, lIercurialis, Vittorius Faventinu% &c. Skenckius, l. 1, observoA, med. 
c. de Maniâ, illustrates this aphorism, with an example of one Daniel Federer 
a colopers..ith that was long melancholy, and in the end ..ad, about the 27th 
year of his age, these varices or water began te arise in his thighs, and he was 
reed fro," his madaess, l%[arius the l%o..an was se cured, so..o say, though 
vith great pain. Skenckius bath some other instances of women that bave 
been helped by flowing of their ..onths, which beforo were stopped. That 
the opening ofthe hoemon'hoids wfll de as much for ..en, 11 physicians jointly 
igmiïy, o they be voluntary, so..e say, and net by cumpulsion. Ail melan- 
eholy are better after a quartan; u Jobertus saith, scarce any ..an hath that 
a,o twice; but whether it free bi.. fro," this malady, 'ris a question; for 
many physlcians ascribe all long agues for especial causes, and a quartan ague 
a..ongst the test. • Rhasis, vont. lib. 1, tract. 9. "When melancholy gets 
out at the superficies of tho skin, or settle8 breaking out in scabs, leprosy, 
morphe% or i purged by stools, or by the urine, or that the spleen is enlarged, 
and those varices appear, the disease is dissolved." Guianerius, vap. b, tract. 1 b, 
adds dropsy, jaundice, dysentery, leprosy, as good signs te these scabs, ..or- 
phews, and breaking out., and prove8 it out of the 6th of tIippocrates' 
Aphoris..s. 
Evil prognostics on the other part. rr, ve2eraAa melanelwlia incurabilis, if it 
be inveterate, it is • incurable, a com..on axio.., au di.ulter curabilis as 
they say that make the best, hardly eured. This Galen witnesseth, l. 3, d« 
loc. affect, cap. 6, "" be if in whom it will, or fro," what cause soever, if is 
ever long, wayward, tediou% and hard te be cured, if once it be habituateA." 
As Lucian said of the gout, she was "• the queen oç diseases, and inexorable," 
may we say of ..elancholy. Yet Famcelsus will bave all diseases whatsoever 
curable, and laughs ag the.. which think othcrwise, as T. F, mstus, par. 3, 
objects te him; although in another place, hereditary diseases he accounts 
incurable, and by no art te bo removeoE ttildeshei.., spice/. 2, d« mel. holds 
it less dangerous if only "° i..agination be hurt, and net reason,  the gentlcst 
i ri-oto blood. Worse fro," choler adust, but the worst of all fro," ..e lancholy 
:putrefied.""Bruel esteems hypochondriacal least dangerous, and the othcr 
two species (opposite te Galen) hardest tu be cured, tTh cure i hard in nmn, 
but ..uch ..ore difficult in women. And both ..en and wo..en must take notice 
of that saying of Montaaus, co:{l. 230, pro Abae lrtalo, "• This ..alady doth 
com..only accompany them te their grave; physiciam may ea3e, and it may 
lie hid for a ti..e, but they canr, ot quite cure it, but it will ,eturn again more 
violent and sharp than at fir, and that upon eve'y s..ail occasion or errer :" 
as in ]Iercury's weather-beaten statue, that was once all over gilt, the open 
parts were clean, yet there was infimlrrils aurum, in the chinl a re..nant of 
, gvld : there-will be so,"e relies of melancholy left in the purest bodies (if once 
• _ tainted) net se easily te be rooted out.  Oftentimes it degenerates into epilesy, 
• apoplxy, convalsions, and blindness: by the authority of ttippocmtea anii 
, Galen, all aver, iï once it posse the ventricle8 of the brain, Frambesarius, 
• and Salust. Salvianu adds, iï if get into the optic nerves, blindnes. ]Ierca- 
" * Cap. I0. de quartana. * Cure sanguls exit per superllciem et residet melancholis per scablem. 
morpheam nigram, vel expurgstur per inferiores pattes, ve] urmam» &c., non erit, &c., splen msguiflctur 
 et varlcea apparent. » Quia jam conversa in uaturam, • In quocque sit, à quacunque cu5a, Hypo- 
, e0D. proeerim, semper est loDg moroa, nec facile cararl potest, • Iteglns morborum et inexorabilis. 
;0sn.meâtolirlïl.quod oritur à psucitte cerebri Incarabile. HIddeahe|m s]icel. 2. de manis. "8| 
• g • omr, et non ratio. M•la à sanguine fervente, deterior a bil aata, peaatma ab atra bile 
I lutrefaeta. ® Difltcilior cura eJu qtt fit vitio eorporla totiua et cerebrL 'Dici|l cratu in viri 
t  ul t.o di. c.i.li2r .l.a. _foem.ia." z.d i_teritum plerumque hominea eomitatur, lleet me4icl levent plera,nqu%, 
an,eU non toun unquam, arc recycler eer'lor q«m-an'tea-mmim eine, aut errore.  l'erlculum e 
 degeaert m Eilegs*am, Al°plexim Convuiouem Ccit&tem- ' Monta ©. .- Iueati; N4, lim, 



-rialis, con.cil. 20, hacl a woman to his patient, that from melancholy became 
..epileptie and bliud, klf it corne from a cold cause, or so continue cold, or 
lncrease» epilepsy ; convulsions follow, and blindness, or else in the end they 
are moped, sottish, and in all thcir actions, specches, and gcstures, ridiculous. 
If it corne from a hot cause, thcy are more furious» and boisterous, and in 
conclusion mad. Calescentem mdancholiam »cepiua aequitur mania. 'If it 
heat and increase, that is the common event, °per civcui-z, au emper in- 
sanie, he is mad by fits, or altogether. For as °Sennertus contends out of 
Crato, thcre is seminarius ignis in this humour, the very seeds of tire. If 
|t corne from mclancholy natural adust, and in excess, thcy are often demo- 
iacal, Montanus. 
»Seldom this malady procures death, except (vhich is the greatest, most 
grievous calamity, and the misery of all miseries,) thcy make away thcm- 
selves, which is a frequent thing, and tamiliar amongst them. 'Tis «Hippo- 
crates' observation, Galcn's sentence : Etsi mo'tera $iment, tamen p/erumque 
eibi ipsis mortem consciscunt, l. 3. de locis affec, cap. 7. The doom of all 
physicians. 'Tis "Rabbi Moses" Aphorism, the proguosticon of Avicenna, 
lhais, zEtius, Gordonius, Valescus, Altomats, Salust. Salviauns, Capivac- 
cius, ]ffercatus, ]=[ercules de Saxoni, Piso, Brucl, Fuchsius, ail, &c. 
«' "Et oep usque ade mortis formidine witoe | « And so far forth death'a terror doth affright 
Percipit infelix odium lucisque videndoe» I Me rnakes away himself, and hates the light -" 
Ut sibi conscica/mrenti pcctore lcthum: To rnake an end of fear and grief of hert 
He vo|tmtary OEes to eae hia amant." 
In such sort doth the torture and cxtremity of his misery tormc,t him, that 
he can take no pleasure in his lire, but is in a manner enforced to offer vio- 
lence tmto himself, to be frced from his present insufferabic pains. So some 
(saith «Fracastorius) "in fury, but most in despair, sorrow, leur, and out of 
the anguish and vexation of thcir sou]s, offer violence to themselves : for their 
lire is unhappy and miscrablc. Thcy can takc no test in thc night, nor slcep, 
or if thcy do slumber, fearful dreams astonish then" In the day-timc t|my 
are affrighted stili by some terrible object, and torn in pieces with suspicion, 
fear, sorrow, discontents, cares, shame, anfish, &c., as so many wild horses, 
that they cannot be quiet an hour, a minute of time, but even against their 
vills they are intent, and still thinking of if, they cannot forger if, if grinds 
thcir souls day and night, thcy are perpetually tormcnted, a burden fo them- 
selves, as Job was, they can neither eut, drink, or sleep. Psal. cvii. 18. 
'« Their soul abhorreth ail meat, and tbey are brought to deatlfs door, °being 
bound in misery and iron :" they "cm'se their stars with Job, "and day of 
"their birth, and wish for death :" for as Pineda and most interpreters hold, 
Job was even melancholy fo despair, and ahnost "madness itself; they mur- 
mur many times against the world, friends, allies, ail mankind, even against 
God himself in the bitterness of their passion, °vivere nolunt, mori nesci.unt, 
lire they will hot, die they cannot. And in the midst of these squalid, ugly, 
nd such irksome days, they seek at last, finding no comfo% »no remcdy in 
• this wretched lire, to be eased of ail by death. Omnia aTpetunt bonum, ail 
cretures seek the best, and for their good as they hope, sub specle, in show ai 
• least, vel 9uia mo pulchrum putan (saith "Hippocrates) ve[ quia putant iu]e 
"-se majoribus malis liberari, fo be freed as they wish. Though many rimes, au 
Esop's fishes, they lcap from the frying-pan into the tire itself, yet they hope 

k Her¢. de SaxonL, Arlstotle Capivacclu. I Favent. Humor frigldu ola delirll causa, fttrorl ver° hum°r 
¢,alidt.  He cal ma aobol mchoiioe.  ezandoe I. I. c. 18. * Lib I. pa 2. 
¢. II. Montalt c. lb. rago mors aut nuuqu ni sibl I er «Llb. de I. Fabio Cico 
lnterete, rNonn violent m mbl Infent. • Lucret. I. . tLib. 2. de te. pemortem 
slbl oenst oh torem et tnstRiam io  affe oh [orem et drstlon. Est enim infera 
&c. Ergo sic petuo cti vi e  pripi h m OE aut terflciunt se» aut 
" te qd committunt.  Fl. cvfl. 10. ffi Job xxxi, • Job ri. 8. s Vi dolofis et [stiti  
Çct, Horat. I. 2. c. 5. • Lib. de s. ic sic inv,t if» -x br. 



te be eased by his means : and therefore (saith Felix aPlaterus) "aller many 
tedious days st last, either by drowning, hangng, or seine such fearful end," 
they precipitate or make away themselves: "many lamentable examples 
daily seen amongst us :" alius ante rares se laqueo su,Tendit (as Seneca notes), 
alius se prcecipitavit à recto, ne dominum stomaclantem audiret, alius ne redu- 
eeretur à fuga ferrum redgit in v/acera, "one hangs himself before his own 
door,--another throws himself frein the bouse-top, te avoid his master's anger, 
a third, te escape expulsion, plunges a dagger into his heart,"--so many 
causes there are His amer ex2io est, furor h/a--love, grief, anger, mad- 
ness, and shame, &c. 'Tis a common calamity, °a fat end te this disease, 
they are condemned te a violent death, by a jury of physicians, furiously dis- 
posed, carried headlong by their tyrannising wills» enforced by miserie.% and 
there remains no more te such persons, ff that heavenly Physician, by 
assisting grace and merey alone de net prevent (for no human perstmsion or 
art can help), but te be their own butchers, and exeeuto themselves. Socrates 
his cicuta, Lucretia's dagger, Timon's baller, are yet te be had; Cato's knife, 
and lero's sword are lef behind them, as se many fatal ennes, bequeathed 
te posterity, and will be used te the world's end, by such distressed seuls : se 
intolerable, insoEerable, grievous, and violent is their pain, tso unspeakablo 
and continuato. One day of grief is an hundred years, as Cardan observes : 
'Tis carnfcina hominum, angor animi, as well saith Areteus, a plagale of tho 
soul the cramp and convulsion of the seul, an epitome of belli and ff thero 
ho a heu upon earh, il is te be found in a melancholy man's hear$. 
«For tat deep tortare may Ira ea]]'d an ell, 
When more is fe|t than one bath power te tell.  
Yea, that which scoffing Luciaa Sd of the gout in jest, I may truly affirm 

of melaacholy in earnest. 
 0 triste nomen I o diis odibilo 
$ Mlancholia lacrymosa, Cocyti fllla 
Tu Ta]-tari pecubus opacis edit 
Erinnys, utero quam Megara suo tulit 
Et ab ubcribus aluit, cuique parvuloe 
Amarulentum in os lac Alecto dedit 
Omncs abominabflcm te dmmones 
l'roduxcre in lucem, exitio mortalltma. 
Bon Jupiter ferit tale telum fulminis 
lion ulla sic procella soevit $equoris, 
lion impetuosi tenta vis est turbinis. 
An asperos sustineo morsus Cerberi t 
lquin ¥irlls Echidnm membra mes depascitur  
Aut ttmica sanie tincta liessi sanguiuis t 
ldacrymabile et immedicabile malum hoc" 

"O sad and odlous naine I a naine o fell 
]s this of melanclmly, brat of hell 
There born in hel]ish darkness doth If dwelL 
The Furies brought it up, Megara°$ teat 
Alecto gave il bitter milk to est. 
And ait conspired a bane to mortal men 
Te bring this devil out of that black den. 
Et paulo Jupiter's thunderbolt, hot storm al ses, 
0oL lIor whirl-wind doth out hearts eo much 
Whatl ara I bit by that tierce Cerberas| 
Or stmg by" bserpent eo pestiferous  
Or put on shirt that's dipt in llessug blood? 
My paia's past cure; physic cas do no gootL" 

No torture of body liko unto iV, Scul non invenere tyra,i j  
tutu, no »trappoes, hot irons, Phig b 
et Nec a dem tan nec la, nec host  "Jove's ath, or dels n 
Qt sols no ais apsa." Do so much harm to th" so  m2 
 fears, ief suspicions, ontents, imboti, suaviti e swMlowed 
up, and drowned  this Eipus, this Irish se this ocean of ery,  sa 
many smaH brooks ; 't oeulum omnlum oemmna», : which * 
applied  s dtresoed PaHadi I y of o melancholy man, ho  *ho 
cream of human advemity, tho tqence, and upshot œee all other s 
whatsoever, are but fl-bit  melancholy  extent : 'T the pith of 
them all, = Hospiium t caltis ; qu verb op  ? 
• Qu¢quem rem q c regefl :  [ «« What need more wor  'ris calamltl in 
Where  for any ief, 't wi;" 

. C.a.Pu s. de. me.nUs i. e.n.at, moesti .degunt, dura tandem mortem quam tlment, suspendlo aut submerslone 
aut anQ a atm va prmczpztant ut multa trlstia ezempla vidimus. * Arc]anus in 9. Rhais, c. 16. cavendum 
e..e.z alt, o, ose.prmcipR..ent aut aii loedant. O omnium opinionibu Incogltablle malum. Luclen. Mortesque 
mm mtqe aura vtvneees gerlt peritque. Heinslus A-triaco. $ Reglna morborum cul famulantur 
otaries et obediunt. Cardan. b Ehen qals intu Scorplo, &e. eecs Act. 4. Here. O Et. ' 
ltalicus, tt LIb. 29. IHI¢ onml lmbonlt et inuavita$ conalt% ut Tt'ullla vedbi lt&r, 0rat. 
m'tr,  Plautu 



and a mdancholy man is that t« Prometh«, which  bound fo Caucus 
th« te Titi who bowe are st by a vrs devoed ( poets rein) 
for so doth "i ral&m teret if, of anxieti, and those ping café, 
and so ought if fo be derstoo& In MI other madi, 
a leg or an arm ache» tough auy dtemperaturs or wod, or 
an orda dise, abov« all things whatsoeve we dirs hdp d hth, 
a pr«sent recove»  by any menus possible it my  procured; we wi fredy 
rt with l our other oun substance, endure any mioe, 'ink bittcr 
potions, swallow those distteful pi» surfer ourjoints fo be sred fo be eut 
ooE any. thing for future health:  sweet, so dear, so pcio above a other 
thin in this world is e: 't at we cefly des.e, long ]ife and happy 
days,  uos da, Juter, ans, crea of years all men sh; but fo a 
melanchoIy man, nothing  tedio notg so oous; that which they so . 
carefuy k to prerve  he abho, he alone; so tolerable are 
some ke a question, gravi 5 cor an animi, whether the sea 
of the body or mind be more gevous, but there  no comparon, no doubt to 
be moee of if, mult6 im sœe gSque $ aSrr animl, quà»n cotais 
tus (Lem. l. 1. a 12.) the s of the md are çar more grievo.-- 
Taum h pro le cors, body d so  aflècd here, but the sorti 
especiaBy. So Cardan tifies,  rm var. loE. 8. 40. «)Iaxim Tyri 
a latonist, d Plutaœeh, have madejt vol ¢o prove it. D adimi 
oegim in,  other es there  aome hopo likely, but the 
unhappy men are bo to , pt all hopo of recove, cumbly sic, the 
longer they Hve ¢he wome they are, and death alone mt 
other doubt h mde by some phflomphem» whether it be laoEul for a ma 
in ch extremity of p and #eÇ fo make away msdf: d how these 
men that so do are fo be sed. The latosts approve of i, that iç is 
laoE  such ces, and upon a neoessity; Plot l.  b$1$ud, a 7. and 
Sras himseff defen iç, in Platds hoedon, "ff any man labo of an 
curable se, he may dpatch himse if it be to his good." Epicu 
d his followem, the cyni and stoi  generM, affi if, Epic¢ and 
"Sen amont the test, mnq veram se am  loEm, y 
way is aIlowable that leads to libey, "qet  give God thanks, that no mau 
is compelled to ve agMnst  wfll ;" =quid  mim eustra» 
dM  l ostlum , death is always mady and at ban& 
œee¢ipi cum, OEud #a, dost thou e tt sep place, 
that pi, tt tree, there's fibey at hand,  ,uts et  nt, as 
that conian   hielf hdlong (non ,m, aa$pu) to be 
of his me: eve   thy body, ff the be nm 
thee ee, quid t r«tfif an ei# ? th s no necessityfor a 
go Hve in e. MMum $ mcui ve; soE n  vivre, 
I . 5& ereforo th out mo he eah 
iZ  ly,  ao eat a qi, bu ha men  
away helvea which n of old d er  a rd, ad iertaftunoe 
vnum   pt, Livy ite¢ d executionem alwa af 
peipp beg sick w met by Diog, and, ced on  v' sho- 
de he ruade h moan to the posopher; but I pity thee hot, quoth Diog 
n, i m l v« tin,thou yest be eedwhen thou t, mg 
by deat • ne therefo commends Cato, Dido, d Lucret, for their 
genero coge  so do, d others at volty e,  avoid a ter 
a Vit. Her. o p. • Qd  ml$  t qm vee ml Sa cte. 2. 
11o,  avior on  • Ter. * Pater ex!; si pe non  eet ge; q 
vos net lnoe  De ro p. & tg D a qu nemo 
 ht.. Sen  de e . oeP- 15. et pt. 70.  I s  p. . 



mischief, to free themselves fi-om mlsery, to save their honou¢, or-vindidato 
,heir good naine, as Cleopatra did, as Sophoaisba, Syphax's wife did, Hanni- 
bal did, as Junius Brutus, as Vibius Virius, and those Campanian senators in 
Livy (Dec. 3. l/b. 6.) te escape the Roman tyranny, that poisoned themselves. 
Themistocles dnk bull's blood rather thon he would fight against his coun- 
try, and Demosthenes chose rather te drink poison, Publius Crassijï/ius, Cen- 
sorius and Plancus, those hcroical Romans te make away themselves, thon te 
fall into their enemies' hands, l[ow many myriads besides in all ages might 
I remember, qui si;bi lethum Itsonts peperere manif ? &c. • Rhasis in the Mac- 
cabees is ma-mified for if, Samson's death approved. Se did Saul and Jonas 
sin, and many worthy men and women, quorum mernoria celebratur n Eccle- 
s/a, saith •Leminchus, for killing themselves te save their chastity and honour, 
when lome was taken, as Austin instances, l. 1. de Civit. De/, cap. 16. Jcrom 
vindicateth the same lu Ionam; et Ambrose, l. 3. de virginitate commendeth 
Pehgia for se doing. Eusebius, l/b. 8. cap. 15. admires a Roman marron for 
the same tact te save herselffrom the lust of hIaxentius the Tyrant. Adel- 
helmus, abbot of Malmesbury, call them Beatas virgines quce sic, &c. Titus 
Pomponius Atticus, that wise, discreet, renowned Roman senator, Tully's dear 
friend, when he had been long sick, as he supposed of an incurable disease, 
viam/lue produceret ad augendos dolores, sine spe salutis, was resolved volun- 
tarily by famine te despatch himself te be rid of his pain; and when as 
Agrippa, and the test of hiz weeping friends earnestly besought him, osculan- 
tes obsecrarent ne id quod natura cogeret, ipse acceleraret, net te effet violence 
te himself, "with a settled resolution he desired again they would approve of 
his good intent, and net seek te dehort him frein it :" and se constant]y died, 
precesqu eorum taclturnâ sud obstinatione depressit. Even se did Corellius" 
Rufus, another grave sentier, by the relation of Plinius Secundus, eplst, lib. 1. 
epist. 12. famish himself te death ; px/i5us correl)tus curt incredlbiles cruciatus 
et indignlssima tormenta pateretur, à cibis onnino abstinuit ; neither he ner 
tIispilla hiz wife could divert him, but destinatus mor obstinatè maçls, &¢., die 
he would, and die he did. Se did Lycurgm, Aristotle, Zeno, Chrysippus, 
Empedocles, with myriads, &c. In wars, for a man te run rashly upon immi- 
nent danger, and present death, is accounted valeur and magnanimity, %o be 
the cause of his own, and many a thousaud's ruin besdes, te commit wilful 
murder in a manner, of himself and others, is a glorious thing, and he shall 
be crowned for if. The Massagetoe in former rimes, °Barbiccians, and I 
know net what nations besides: did stifle their old men afer seventy years, te 
ïree them ïrom those grievances incident te that age. Se did Che inhabitants 
of the island of Choa, because their air was pure and good, and the people. 
generally long lived, adevertebant rature sttum, Triusuara rtanci forent aut 
i»tbecillitas accederet, papaver vel c/cutt, with poppy or hemlock they pre- 
vented death. Sir Thomas lIore in his Utopia commends voluntary death, if 
he be soEi aut aliis molestus, troublesome te himself or others (" tespecially if 
te lire be a torment te him), let him free himselfwith his own hands frein this 
tedious life, as frein a prison, or surfer himself te be freed by others." canal 
'ris the saine tenet which Laertius relates of Zeno of old, Justè sapiens sibi- 
mortem consciscit, si in acerbis doloribus versetu?', membrorum mutilation 
wrbis oegre curandis, and which Plate 9. de /e#/5us approves, if old age,. 
poverty, ignominy, &c., oppress, and which Fabius expreszeth in effect. 
fat. 7. Institut.) Naine nid suâ culpâ diù doler. It is an ordinary thing 
• a¢. 1 . 2. * Vindleatio Apoc. llb.  « Flndlng tlat he woxld be destlned te endnr 
excruclatlng paln o! the feet, and additiona] torture he abstained from food altogether." « As amongs¢ 
Turks and others.  Bobemua, de moriblxs gent. • T, lian. lib. 4. cap. I. otaries '/0. nnum egresos" 
Imterlicinnt. f Lib. 2. Prertim quum/ormentum el vita sit, bon pe fretua, acerbi vitA velut  career, 
si eximat, vel ah aliis eximi sna voluntate patl tr. • Narn quis &mphoram exsiccans foeccm exorlcrl b 
,lneca epist. 8.) quis irpoenss ci rinm 'lveret I  stulti est raanere 



China, (saith ]Iat. l%iccìus- the jesuit,) "bif they be in dpair of botter for, 
tunes, or tired and tortured with misery, fo bereave themselves of lire, and 
many rimes, fo spire their enemies the more, fo bang af their door." Tacitus 
the historian, Plutaxch the philosopher, much approve a voluntaxy departure, 
and Aust. de c/v. De/, l. 1. c. 29. defends a violent death, so that if be under- 
.taken in a good cause, zemo sic vrtuus, qui zo fuerat aliquan«lo morittr ; 
.quid aum interest q mortis genere vlta i.«ta fi,tiagttr, quand5 ille cui finitur, 
iterum mari non cogitur  &c., J no man so voluntarily dies, but volens nolens, 
must die af last, and out lire is subject fo innnmerable casualties, who knows 
when they may happen, utrmn satius est unam per2eti morivndo, an omws 
tirnvre vivendo, rather surfer one, than îear all. "Death is better than a 
bitter lire," Ecclus. xxx. 17. Jand a harder choice fo lire in fear, than, by once 
.dying, to be freed îrom all. Theombrotus Ambruciotes persuaded f know hot 
how many hundreds of his auditors, by a luculent oration he ruade of the 
miseries of this, and happineus of that other liïe, to precipitate themselves. 
And having read Xlato's divine tract de anima, for example's sake led the 
way first. That neat epigram of Callimachus wiil tell you as much, 
 Jamque vale Soli cure diacre." Abrociotes, 
In Stygios fertur desiuisse lacus, 
Morte uihi] dignam pa.ssus : ed forte 
Dlvini exlmium de noce legit opus." 
 Calenus and his Indians hted of old fo die  natural death: the Circum- 
cellians and Donatists, loathing lire, compelled others fo make them away, with 
many such: «but these are false and pagan positions, profane stoicl para- 
doxes, wicked examples, it boots hot what heathen philosophers determine in 
this kind, they are impious, abominable, and upon a wrong ground. « No evil 
is fo be donc tbat good may corne ofit ;" rec[ama 
God, and ail good mon are against it: Ho that stabs another can kill his 
body ; but ho that stabs himself, kills his own souL 
çnendo uod ec$; wr e it o ct 
zierim: ho that ves a beggr an altos (as tht comioE1 poet saith) doth iii, 
bec,use ho doth but prolong hi miseries. But Lactantius, l. 6. c. 7. de veto 
cdtu, calls if a detestable opinion, and ful]y confutes if, l/b. 3. de sap. cap. 18. 
and S. Amtin. op. 52. ad $[acedonim, cap. 61. ad DulciHm Trlbnum: 
so doth Hierom to Marcella of Blesilla's death, Non rec[p[o alea animas, &c., ho 
calls snch mon martyre stoEtz P/d[osophloe: so doth Cyprian de duplici mar- 
tyrio ; £ qui sic morznr, au$ ioErraits, au arriHo, aut derrt cvg eos ; 
'tis more madness so fo do, "frr e e rware wi. To this effcct writes 
Arit. 3. Ethic. Lipu anuduc. ad Stocant Philosophim llb. 3. dsserta. 
23. but if nceds no confutation. This only let me add, that in some cases, 
those ' hard censures of such as offer violence to their own persons, or in some 
depcrate fit to others, which sometimes they do, by stabbing, slashing, &c., 
are to be mitigated, as in such as are mad, beside themselves for the rime, 
or fonnd to bave been long melancholy, and that in extremity, they know 
vhat they do, deprived of rean, judgment, ail, tas 
pilot, mmt needs impinge upon the next rock or sands» and surfer shipwreck. 

 Epedlt. ad $inas. l. 1. c. 9. Vol bonornm desperatione, vol malornrn perpessione fracti et fatigati, vei 
vtolcutss sibi luferunt vol nf inimicis suis oegre factant, &c. t,, 1o one evcr died in this way, who would hot 
bave died $ometime or other; but what does if signify how lire itse]f may be ended, since ho who cornes to 
the end la hot obliged t-o die a second time  » k So did Anthony, Gaiba, Vite]lius, Otho, Aristotle hirn. 
ce|f, &c. AJax t de.pair; Cleopatra fo cave ber honour, z luertius deligitux dis vivere, qum in timore 
rot morborum semel moriendo, nuilum deinceps formidare. " And now when Ambrociotes was bidding 
farewcll fo the light of day, and about fo cast hirnself into the Stygian pool, although ho had hot been guilty 
of any crime that merited death: but, perhaps, ho had rend that divine work of P|o upon Dtth." • Curtius 
l. ! 6. « Laqueus przecisus, cont. 1.1.5. quidam naufrsgio facto arnissis tribus liberis, et ttxore, suspendi,, se; 
proecidit ilii quidam ex prtereunnbus |aqueum; A liberato reus fit rnaleficii. Seneca. P Sec Lipsius 
lanuduc. ad Stoicam phflosophiam lib. 3. dissert. 22. D. Kings If Lect. on Jonas. D. Abbofs 6 Lect. ou 
thc ssme prophet, • Pl&utus. r Iartiai. • As to be buried out of Christian bul with a stake. 
idem. Plato 9. de legibus, vuit separatim sepcliri, qui sibi ipsis mortern cous¢isctmt &c., Ios¢ ther good 
«/avls destitutt n&uclero» in erribIlem aliquem scopu]um impingzt. 



oP. Forestus bath a story of two melancholy brethren, that ruade away them- 
selves, and for so foul a f.ct, were according]y censured fo be infamous]y 
buried, as in such cases they use: to terrify ohers, as it d]d the ]Iilesian 
virgins of old, but upon farther examination of their misery and madness, the 
censure w revoked, and they were soemn]y interred, as Saul was by Davi 
2 Sain. iL 4. and Seneca well adviseth, rrascere nterfectori, sed miserere nter- 
rectO; be justly offcnded with him as he was a murderer, but pity him now 
as a dead man- Thus of their goods and bodies we can dispose; but what 
shall become of their souls, God alone can tell; his mercy may corne  
poeem efon]zm, neer gladium etjugulum, betwixt the bridge and the brook, 
the knife and the throat. Quod culuam coEntigi, cuivis potes: Vho knows 
how he may be tempted? It is his case, it may ho thine: Qzwe #ua srs 
lmdie est, cras.fore vest'a Totest. We ought hot to be so rash and rigorous in 
out censures, as some are; charity will judge and hope the beat« Goà ho 
mercifl unto us a]l. 

 Observat. • Seaec tract. 1. 1.8. ¢. 4. Lex» Homictda In se ln$epultus ab.iciatur, cntradicitur: Ra 
Qr »dafferre sibl manus coactus It assiduimalis; ummam laf.IcAt,.m sttm fro hoc removlt, quod ezltl 
mabat lit.arc ziro morl. $ Buchauu, F-J.P.. 



T/LE 

SYNOPSIS OF THE SECOND PARTITION. 

Cure of 
melancholy 
is eithcr 

Dietetical, 
whieh cou- 
sists in 
forming 
those six 
nou-natural 
things, asin 

I ]Iem. 
1. 'rom the dcvà|, rang|dans, witches, &c., by charms, 
'13nlawful spells, incantations, images, &c. 
meaus { Que,t. 1. Whether they eau curo this, or othcr 
forbidden, such likc diseases ? 
Quest. 2. XVhether, if they can so edre, it bc law- 
',eet. 1. ful to seck to thcm for hclp? 
Gcneral 2. Immcdiatcly from God, a Jove prnclpum, by 
to ail, or prayer, &c. 
which 3. Que$t. 1. Whcther saints and their rclics eau hclp 
this infirmity ? 
eontaius Que$t. 2. Whcther it bc lawful in this case to 
sue to them for nid? 
Lawful r Eubsect. 
menus, or 1..Physidan, in whom is requ|red science, 
wkichare{ 4. Medi- confidence, honesty, &c. 
ately by 2. Patient, in whom is rcquired obedi- 
ature, ence, constancy, willingaess, patience, 
or which confidence, boun'/, &c. hot to practiso 
on himself. 
concerns 3. lhyMc,  Dietctical 
and which  Pharmaceutical 
works by eonsists of ( Chirurgical ri 
Particular to tho thl-cc distinct species, _o  
 Sueh ments as are easy of digestion, wc|l-dressed, ht,t, 
sod, &e., young, moist, of good nourishment» &c. 
Bread of pure wheat, wcll-baked. 
Vater clear from the fountain. 
f lIatter Wiue and drink hot too strong. 
and qua- ( Mountaiu birds partridge, phcasat h 
lity. Flesh . quails, &c. 
1. ,Sub& ( Heu, capon, mutton, vea|, kid, rabbit, &e. 
J That lire in gravcIIy waters, as pike, 
ÇDiet rcc- Fish  pereh, trout, sea-fish, solid, white, &e. 
I tified" Hcrbs JBorage, bug|oss, balm, sueeory, endis-e, 
1.Memb. or  violets in broth, hOt raw, &c. 
Fruits  l:laisins of the sun, apples eorreeted for 
and roots  wind, oranges, &e., parsnips, potatoes,&c. 
2. Quan-  Atseasouable and usual rimes of repast, in good order, 
 hot before the first be concoeted, sparing, hot over- 
tity. ( much ofoue dish. 
2. Rectification of retention ud evacuation, as costiveness, veuery, bleeding 
at nose, months stoppcd, baths, &c. 
3. Air, rccti- laturaIly in the choice and site of our conntry dwelling-placc, 
ficd, with a to be hot and moist, light, wholesome, pleasant, &c. 
digression of Artificially, by often change of air, avoiding winds, fogs, tem- 
tho air. pcsts, opcning windowg perfumes, &c. 
Ofbody and mind, but moderate, as hawking, huntlng, r]ding, 
shooting, bowling, fislling, fowling, walking in fair fields, 
4. ]xercisc. gallerics, tennis, bar. 
Of mind, as chess, cards, tables, &c., to sec plays, 
strions studles, business, ail honest rccreations. 
5. Rectification of aking fmd terrible drearas, &e. 
6. Reification of passions and perturbations of the minoE -- 
U 



2Jemb. 6. 
Passionæ 
and pertur- 
bations of 
the mind 
rectifie& 

Set. 4. 
Pharmaccn- 
ries, or phy- 
sic wbich 
cureth with 
medicines, 
with a di- 
gression of « 
this kind of 
physie, is 
either 
• Iemb. 1. 
b'ubsect. 1. 

• From 1. By using all good means of help, confess|ng to a frlend, 
himelf Avoiding ail occasions of his infirmity. 
Sot giving way to passions, but resisting to his utmost. 
'2. By fair and foui means, counsel, comfort, good persnasion 
i3. witty devices, flctions, and, ifit be possible, to satisfy his mind 
Music of ail sorts aptly applied. 
or 4. Mixth and merry company. 
1. General dlscontents and grlcvanees satisfieoE 
2. Particular discontents, as dcformity of body 
from his ,ect. 3. sickness, baseness of birth, &c. 
,friends. A consola- 3. Poverty and want, such calamitics and advcr- 
i tory digres- sities. 
sion, con- 4. Against servitude, loss of libcrty ! imprison- 
taining re- ment, banishment, &c. 
rncdics to ail 5. Against vain fears, sorrows for death offricnds 
discontents or othervise. 
and passions 6. Against envy, livor, hatred, malice, emuhtion 
of the rninoE ambition, and self-love, &c. 
7. Agaiust repuises, abuses, injuries, contempts, 
i disgraces, contumelies, slandcrs, and scoffs, &c. 
8. Against ail other grievances and ordinary 
symptoms of this disease of melancholy. 
To theheart borage,bnglo,scorzonera,&e. 
 Simples To the head; balm, hops, nenuphar, &c. 
• Liver; eupatory, artemisia, &c. 
 altering Herbs. 
  melan- Stomach; wormwood, centaury, pennyroyal. 
  choly, 3. ,Subs. Spleen; ceterache, ash, tamarisk. 
 -. with adi- To purify the blood; endive, succory, &c. 
ô  grcssion Against wind; origan, formel, anisced, &c. 
. of exotic 4. Preclous stones, as smaragdes, cbclidonies t &c. 
simples. Mincrals; as gold, &c. 
2. 
ÇWines; as of hellebore, bugloss, 
F]uid ) Syrups of borage, bugloss, hops, 
' t L epithyme, endive, suecory, &e. 
or " Conserves of vlolets, maidenhair» 
or con-  borage, bugloss, roses, &c. 
ssting. "Confectious; treacle, mithridato 
(_ eclcgmes or linctures. " 
:,r 
or or 
[ I)]ambra, danthos. 
| Dianmrgaritum calidum. 
Coin-  hot ! Diamoseum du|ce. 
 [ Electuarium de 
pounds 
gemmis. 
[ Loetificans Galeni et Rhasls. 
altcring solid, as 
melan- those or 
choly,  aroma- ÇDiamargartum frlgidum. 
with adi- tical . Diarrhodon abbatm. 
gression confcc- col« I)iacorolli, diacodium wlth their 
of coin- or tions. (. tablcs. . 
pounds. 
.1. ub». Condites of ail sorts, &c. 
{ 0ils of camomi]e, vlolets, roses, &c. 
Out- | 0intmcnts, alablastritum, populeum, &c. 
wardly Linimcnts, plasters, cerates, cataplasms, 
used as | frontals, fomentatlons, epithymessacks, 
 bags odoraments, posies &c. 
Purging ( 
Particular to the three distinct species, _ 'L . 



Synopss of tl qeeond Partition. 

Medicines 
imrging 
ll|e|an- 
eholy, ar 
either 

Sirop.les 
purglng 
melan- 
choly. 

OP 

3. 
Com- 
pounds 
purging 
melan- 
choly. 

' 1. ,Subs. 
Upward,  Assarabacca, laurel, whitc hellebore, scill or ses. 
 . onion, antimony, tobacco. 
as VOm IfS. 
[ More gentle; as senna, epithyme, polipody, myr- 
or / obalanes fumitory, &c. 
Down- 8tronger; aloes, lapis Armenns, lapis lazuli, black 
2.ward'6"ubs. / hellcbore. 
Liquid; as potions, juleps, sy-rups 
1 wine ofhei|ebore, bugioss, &c. 
lIouth , Solid; as lapis Armenus, and lazuli, 
"i pills ofIndoe, pilis offumitory, &e. 
Superior Electuaries, diasena, confection of 
parts, or mech, hieroiogladium, &c. 
Not swallowed; as gargarisms, mastica 
or torics, &c. 
Tostrils, sncezingpowders, odoramcnts, perfumes,&c. 
Inlerior parts ; as clesters strong and weak, and suppositories 
of Castilian soap, honey boilcd, &c. 

I Phlebotomy, te ail parts almost, and all the distinct specles. 
....... ! With knife, horseleeches 
H umrurgca pnysw, I C. i- M .... " 
which consists of :ee ïs--,o- . 
. .  / uautenes, ana seanng WiIll nO[ ll'OlS» DOl'Ing. 
emo. . I Dropax and sinapismus. 
Issues te several parts, and upon several occasions. 

Cure of 
head-meo 
lancholy. 
3femb. 1. 

1. 8ub,ect. 
Moderate diet, mcat of good juice, moistening, casy of digestion. 
Good air. 
Sieep more than ordinary. 
Excrements daily te be voided by art or nature. 
, Exercise of body and mind hot too violent, or too rem]ss, passions of tho 
mind, and perturbations to b¢ avoided. 
2. Blood-letting, if there be need, or tlmt the blood be eorrnpt, in the arm, 
forehead, &e., or with cupping-g|asses. 
"Prep.a tiges; as syrup of borage, bugloss, epithyme, hops 
xwt_, if distilled waters, &c. 
3. Prepara- Pnrg,".»; as Montanus, and Matthiolus helleborlsmus, Qer 
ti¢esand cetanus, syrup of hellebore, extract of beLlcbore, pulvis 
tIali, antimony prepared, lulandi aqua mirabills ; which 
pargers, are used, if gentler medicines will net take place, with 
Arnoldus, vinum buglossatmrh senna, cassis, myrobalanes, " 
aurum potabite, or hefore FIamech, PiL Indm, Hiera, PiL de 
lap. Arrache, lazulL 
o 
ardan's ncttles, frictlons, clysters, suppositories, sneezings 
masticatories, nasals, eupping-g|asscs. 
To open the hæmorrhoids with horseleeches, to apply horse- 
4.Averters.. lceches te the forchead xvithout carification, te tho 
shouldcrs, thighs. 
Issues, boring, cauteries, hot irons in *.ho sutnxe of tho 
erown. 

I A cap of rine or strong drink 
..... ! Bezars stone, amber, spice. 
• "  onserves of borag, bugloss, roses, fumito. 
rgol ers, 
,_.. ".  Confection of alchermes. 
ln{tel ets 
• "| Electuarium lcetiflcar Galeni et RhoM& 
| Diumarçaritumfri#, diaborayinatum, 



6. Correctors  
of c«dent, J  

"Odoraments of roses, violets. 
Irrigations of the head, with the decoct|ons of nymphea 
! lettuce, mallows, &c. 
Epithymes, ointments, bags to hc heart. 
Fomentations of oil for the belly. 
Baths of sweet water, in which were od mallows, violets» 
rosea water-ldies borage flowers ramsheads &c. 
 Poppy, nymphea, lettucc, roses 
• Simples  purslane, henbane, mandrakc, 
{ nightshade, opium, &c. 
Inwardly or I Liquid; assyrups ofpoppy, ver- 
taken,  | basco, violets, roses. 
Coin-  Solid  as requiez Niclwlal, P/,i- 
pounds. | lanium, Romanum Lauda- 
| num Paracelsi. 
 Oil of nymphea, poppy, violets» roses» man- 
.-- or [ drake, nutmegs. 
| Odoraments of vinegar, rose-water, opium. 
" | Frontals of rose-cake, rose-vinegar, nutmcg. 
| 
Ointments» alablastritum, unguentum i,- 
" Outwaxd- , puleum, simple, or mixeà with opium. 
 ly used | Irrigations of the head, feet, spongcs, 
 as | music, murmur and noise of waters. 
| Frictions of the heaà and outward parts, 
| sacculi of henbane wormwooà at his 
I pillow, 
Against terrible dreams ; hot to sup late, or eat peas, cab- 
bage, venison, meats heavy of digestion, use balm, hart's 
tongue, &c. 
Agaiust ruddlnesa anà bhlhing inwaxà and outward 
»Clnedies. 

'L . Memb. {'D|et, prcparatlves, purges, averters, cordials, correctors, as before. 
Cure of me- )Phlebotomy in this kiud more necessary, and more frequent. 
lancholy over -} To correct and clcanse the blood with fumitory, senna succory, dandellon, 
the body. {. endive &c. 
' 8ubseef. 1. 
Phlebotomy, if necd require. 
Diet» preparatives, avercrs, cordials, purgers, as before, saving that they mus 
hot be so vehement. 
Use of pennyroyal wormwood, eentaury sod, which aloue bath cured many. 
To provoke urine with anieed, daucus asarum, &c. and toola iî eed bc 
by clysters and suppositories. 
To respect the spleen, stomach, llver, hypochondries. 
To use treacle now and then in winter. 
 Cure To vomir af ter mesls sometimes, il" it be inveterae. 
of hypo-  Galanga, gentian, enula, angeliŒE cala- 
chondria- 'Roots  mus aromaticus zedoary china con- 
cal or _. ( dite ginger, &c. 
windy 
[ çPennyroyal, rue, caIam|nt, bay leaves, 
mclano .-. .} and berries, scordium, bethany, laven- 
choly.. Herbs, } der, camomile, centaury, wormwood, 
B..er'a Inwardly . cummin, breom, orange pills. 
taken, or Spices,  Saffren, cinnamon, macc, nutmeg, pep- 
 { per, musk, zedoary with wine, 
o Seeds,  Aniseed, fennel-seed, ammi, cary, cum- 
oe   min,nettl bays, parsley, grana paradisi. 
 {" Dianisum, diagalanga, diaciminum, diacalaminthes, 
2. to ex- } electuarium debaceislauri, benedictalaxativa,&c., 
• lel wiad-  } pulvis carminativus, and pulvis descrip. Antidota- 
 . rio Florentino, aromaticunh rosatum, Mithridatc. 
Ontwardly used, as eupping-glasses to the hypochondries without 
scarilication, oil of camomile rue aaiseed, their decoctions, &c. 



TttE SECOND PARTITI0I. 
THE CURE OF ]IEL'CHOLY. 

TIIE FIRST SECTION» llIEIIBER, SUBSECTIO1V. 

Unlau,ful Cures rejected. 

IITETERATE ][elancholy, howsoever if may seem te be a continuate, inexor- 
able disease, hard te be curcd, ccompanying them te their graves, most part, 
us °]Kontanus observera, yet many times if may be helped, even that which is 
most violent, or at least, according te the saine bauthor, "it may be mitigated 
and much ease¢k" iV//desjoerandum. It may be hard te cure, but net impos- 
sible for him that is most grievously affected, if he be but willing te be helpeoE 
Upon this good hope I will proceed, using the saine method in the cure, 
which I bave formerly used in the rehearslng ofthe causes; first general, then 
particular; and those according te their several species. Of these cures seine 
be lawful, seine again unlawful, which though frequent, familiar, and often 
used, yet justly censured, and te be controverted. As first, whether by 
these diabolical means, which are commonly practised by the devil and his 
miaisters, sorcercrs, witches, magicians, &c., by spells, cabalistical words, 
c]mrms, characters, images, amulets, ligatures, philters, incantations, &c., this 
disease and the like may be cured? and if they may, whether it be lawful te 
make use of them, those magnetical cures, or for out good te seek afger such 
means in any casoi The fit, whether theycan de any such cm'es, is questioned 
amongst many writers, seine affirming, seine denying. Valesius, cott. ne,l. llb. 
5. cao. 6, ]¢Ialleus ]k[aleficor. l-leurnius, l. 3. Fract. _. cap. 28, Coelius, lib. 
16. c. 16, Delrio, tolr. 3, Wierus, lib. 2. d«plsti 9. devra.» Libanius Lavater, 
de stoect, part. 2. cap. 7, ]Iolbrenner the Lutheran in :Pitorium, :Polydor 
Virg., l. 1. de prodig., Tandlerus, Lemnius (Hippocrates and Avieenna 
amongst the rest), deny that spirits or devils bave any power over us, and 
- refer all with :Pomponatius of :Padua te natural causes and humours. Oî the 
other opinio are Bodiaus, Deeronomanti, lib. 3. cap. 2, A_moldus, ]larcellus 
Empyricus, I. listorius, laracelsus, Atod. [agic. , A'ippu, lib. 2. d occulte 
]hilos. cap. 36. 69. 71. 72. es l. 3. c. 23. et 10, Maxeilius Ficinus, d v/. 
ccelit, comowr, cap. 13, 15. 18. 21. &c., Galeottus, dFrom/scua doct. cale. 24» 
Jovianus lontnnus, rem. 2, Plir. lib. 28. c. 2, Strabo, lib. 15. Geog. Leo 
Suavius: Goclenius, d ung. wrnr., Oswoldus Crollius, Ernestus Burgravius, 
Dr. Flud, &c. Cardan d subt. brings many proofs out of Ars Notoria, and 
Solomon's decayed orks, old Hermes, Artefius, Costaben Luca, Picatrix, &c., 
that such cures may be done They tan mnke tire it shall net burn, fetch 
back thieves or stolen goods, shew their absent faces in a glss, make serpent 
iie still, stanch blood, slve gouts, epilepsies, biting of mal dogs, tooth-eh 

• Consi]. 23. pro Abbat I1o.  onsil. . &u curabltur &u| cer mlnu OEeletur» si volCk 



0.94 Cure of l][dancholy. [Part. 2. Sec. 

melaneholy, et omnla mundi main, nake men immnal, young again as tho 
"Spanish marquera is said to bave donc by one of hi slaves, and sonm whieh 
 uggle in a China mfintain still ( TragMtius writes)that theycan do by their 
extraordina skill in i,hysie, and se,me of out mode chemits by the stmngo 
limbeck by thcir spells, philoml,helVs snes and charm ""Many doub," 
aith Nicholas Turellus, " whether the devil n cure such diseases he hth 
hot ruade, and me flatly deny if, howsoever common experience confirms to 
out tonishment, that magicians can work such lents, and that the devil with. 
out impediment, can peuet,çate through all the parts of out bodies, and cure such 
nMadies by menus to us unknown." Daneus in h tt  8orri ub- 
eribes to this of Taurellus; Ertus  L«mia, maintaeth s much, and so 
do most divines, out of their excellent nowl,'.'. e anti long experienec they can 
commit taen cure patntlbtts, colliere s t rerum, eaT terioE appl 
eare, a Austin infers  Civ. Dei et  . ., li& 3. cap. 7. et 8. they can 
work stupendous and admirableconclusion; we see the effects only, but hot the 
c:tues of them. 'othing so çamiHar as fo hr of such OEtres. Sorcerers are 
too oemmon ; cunning men, wizards, and whitc-witches, as they call them, in 
every village, which if they be sougbt uuto, will hclp almot ail infirmitics of 
body and mind, Servatores iu tin, and they Lace commonly St. Catharine's 
whecl printed in the roof of their mouth, or in some other part about them, 
ç[stm incantatorum prwst;giis ( Boisrdus writes), morbos à sagls tos 
l»ropulsant, &c., thaç to doubt ofit any longer, "%r hOt to believe: were fo 
run into that other sceptioEl extoeme of incredulity," saith Taurellus. Leo 
Suavius in his comment upon Pamcelsus seens to make if an art, which oughç 
fo be approved ; Pistorius and othem stifly maintain the use of charms, words, 
characte, &c. A rs vera t, s pauci artces cepeuntur; the art is truc, 
but there be but a few that have skill in if. Iarcellus Donatm, 1. 2. «hist. 
tir. cap. 1. proves out of Josephus" eight boeks of antiquities, that" Solomon 
so cumd ail the diseases of the mind by spells, charms, and drove away devils, 
and thaç Eleazar did as much bail»re Vespian." ngius in his OE. ept. 
holds JupiterMeneates, that did  manystupendouscures in h rime, to bave 
nsed this art, md that he w no othcr than a magician. Iany ihmous cures 
are daily donc in this kind, the devil is an expert physician, as Godelman OEHs 
him, lib. 1. cap. 18. and Goal petits oentimcs the witchcs and macians 
fo pmduoe such effccts, a Lavater, cap. 3. lib. 8. part. 3. cap. 1, Polid. Virg., 
lib. 1.  rodigiis, Delrio and others adroit. 8uch cures may be donc, and  
Pamoels., Tom. 4. de rb. ament, stiffiy maintains, "they cannot otherwise 
be cured but by spdls, seals, and spiritual physiC' tnoldus, lib. de ill, 
sets down the making of them, so doth Rulandus and many others. 
Hoc pito, thcy eau effect such cures, the main question is whcther iç be 
lawful in a despemte case to cmve their help, or k a ward's advice. 'T 
a oemmon practice of some men to go fi=t to a witch and then to a physieian 
if one caunot the otht" shMl, Fre  nunt sr«per Acheronta wvebunt. 
" It matters noç," saith Pardsus, "whether iç be God or the devil, angels, 
or unclean spiriçs cure h, so that he be eased." If a man fMI into a ditc 
 he procutes it, what matter is if whethcr a fi'iend or an enemy help him 
out? and if I be t»oubled with such a mMly, what caoe I whether the devil 
himsdt; or any of his misters by God's permission, redoem mei IIe lls a 

• Vide Renatum ,Iorcy, An|rond. in scholam galernit, e. 38. 1 ad 40 annos possent produecre vitam, 
eut non ad cetum 1 si ad ccntum, cur non ad raille 1 « iii»t. Chinensum. * Alii dubitant an d,t.mon 
l, assit morbos curare quos non fecit, alii negant, ed Quotidiana experientia confirmat, magos magno roui- 
t ,rum stuporc morboa curare, singula3 corporia pattes citra iml, edimentum permcare, et rnodi nobia ignotis 
eut.tre, t Agezttia cure patientibus conjugunt, s Cap. 1 i. de 8ervat.  Hoec alii rident, ed vereor ne 
dum nolumus esse creduli, vitium non effugiamus Incredulitatis.  Refert 8elomonem mentls morbos 
curSse, et demones abegisse tpsos carm|nibus, quod et coram Vespas|ano feclt Eleazar. t Spirituale morbi 
piritualiter cttrari debent, t SigiUum ex auto peculiarl ad Melancho|iam, &c. , Lib. 1. de occuit. 
'IKIt nihil refcoE an Deus an diabolus s avg¢ii an immtmdi spiritu oegro opem fer&rit s motlo morbu curetut. 



BIem. 2.] awfal Çures from God. 205 

 magician God's mluister and his vicar, applying that Of vos ests dil proimely 
to them, for which he is lashed by T. Erastts, part. l. fol. 45. And elsewhcro 
he encourageth his patients to bave a good faith, "*a strong imagination, and 
they shall find the effects : let divines say to the contrary what they will." 
provesand contendsthat manydiseascs cannot otherrise be cured. Incantationa 
ort inca«tatlon curari debet; if they be eauoed by incantation, Pthey 
be cured by incantation. Constantinu¢ llb. 4. approves of such remcdics: 
]3artolus the ]awye5 Peter 2]rodius, rerum Judic. lib. 3. tt. 7. Salicetus 
Godefridus, with others of that sect, allow of them; mod5 st ad sanitatcm, 
çlU à magls fiunt, secùs noe, so they be for the parties" good, or hot at ail. 
u these men are confited by lemigius, ]3odinus, doem. l$b. 3. cap. 2, Godel- 
manus, lib. 1. c««p. 8, Vierus, Dclrio.. lib. 6. quoest. 2. tom. 3. mag. inquls., 
]rtus de Lamiis; all our «divines, choolmen, and snch as write cases of 
conscience are against it, the scripture itself absolutely forbids i as a mortal 
sin, Levit. cap. xviii, xig. xx, ])eut. xvii- &c., Rom. viii. 19, "Evil is hot to 
be dom, thut good may corne of it." Buch better if were for suc]a 
that are so troubled, to endure a little misery in this lire, than to hazard their 
sortis" health for eveL and as ])eh'io counselleth, '«much botter die, than be so 
cured." Some take upon them to expel devils by natural remedies, and 
nagical exorcism.% which they seem to approve out of the practice of the 
primitive church, as thoE above citcd of Josephus, Eleazar, Iroeneus, Tertu|lian, 
/kustin. Eusebius makes mention of such, and magic itsclf hat]a been publicly 
professed in some universities, as of old in Salamanea in Spain, and Cracow in 
Poland : bu condemned anno 1318, by the chancellor and university of °Par. 
Our pontifical writers retain many of these adj urations and ïorms of exorcisms 
still i the church; besides those in baptism used, they exorcise meats, and 
such as are possessed, as thcy hold, in Christ's naine. Read Hieron. Mngus 
cap. 3, e. Tyreus, part. 3. cap. 8. what exorcisms they prescribe, besides 
those ordinary means of "Offre suffumigations, lig]ats cuttig the air wit]a 
swords," cap. 57. herbs, odours: of which Tostatus reats, 2 Reg. cap. 16. 
«est. 43. you shall find many vain and frivolous superstitious fozns of 
orcisms among thcm» hot fo be tvlcrated» or endm-coE 

]IE3IB. IL 
Zawf al Cres, 37rst .from Goal. 
Br( «o c]early eviaced, as i is, all nnlawful cures are to be rcfused, if 
remains to treat of such as are to-be admitd, and those are commonly such 
which God hath aI,pointed, by virtue of stones, herbs, plants, meats, &c., and 
the like, which are prepared and alTlied to our use, by arç and industry o[ 
physicians, vho are the dispenœem of such treasures for our good, and to I 
"'honoured for nccessities' sake," God's intermediate minisers, to whom in 
out infirmities we are to eek for help. Yet hOt so that we rely too much, or 
holly upon them: a Jov principium, we musC first begin with prayer, 
then use physic ; hot one without the other, but both togcther. To 1,ray alone, 
and reject ordinary means, is to do like him in zEsop, tha when his cart was 

M«,.s minlster et Viearlus Dei. eUtere fort] imagtnat|one et experieris effectnm, d|cant in adversnr- 
q ï'ïuïïd "| unt Theo|ogL P Idem Plinlus contendit quosdam eaee morboa qui incaationibus so|um curentar. 
qui talibus creflunt, aut a4 eorum domos etmtes, aut suis domibus introflucunt, aut tnterrogant, sciant 
se dem Christianam et baptismum prœevacàsae, et Apostatas eaee. Austin de superstit, observ, hoc pacto à 
Deo defl¢iur ad diaÇ)lbm» 1 . blart. »Mori prestat ¢luam uperstitioaè sanari, DiS¢luis. mag. 1.2. ¢. 2. 
eect. 1. ¢lUoet. 1. Tom. 3. * P. Lumbard. t uflttns, gladJorum lctus, &c. a The Lord bath created 
medicines of the earth, an[ he tlaat i$ wtse wï,1 nut ablaor tlaem, Ecclus. xxxtii. 4. • ly son rail hot in 
thy elckne, but pray auto tlae Lord, and he wiil make thee wlaole Ecclus. x.rætii. 9. s litre omne pri. 
tipitm» huc 'uu exitum, tlo. . ce,nu. Od.. 6. 



29 Cure of J[elan«holy. [Part. 2. Sec. 1. 
stalled, lay fiat on his back, and eried aloud, help ]:rereules! but that w  
little puose, except  his ffiend aded him, rot tute 4pse anni, ho 
whipped his horoes withal, d pu hh shoulder fo the wheel. God works by 
means,  Christ ed the bfind man with elay and spittle : "Orandum t  
sit  «ana in corpe sa." As we must pray for health of body and mind, 
so wo mt uso out utraost endeavo to preserve and oentinue i Some kd 
of devils ara hot et out but by £tsting and prayer, and both neeerily 
required, hot one wit hout tho other. For ail the physie we  e, art, excel- 
lent dt,  fo no purpose thout ealfing upon God, njuvat imros 
Cratero ontere n: if  in vain to zeek for help, run, ride, exeept 
d bless . 
----"non SIcI dapes [ .Xon dom et nd non oedsace et snrl 
 Dcem elaborabunt saporem,  boto pot domino deducere febr." 
on  cytherve   « Wlth ho with 1 with moncy, and wi gol 
The mteCe lever  hot be cono'oE" 
We m use our prayer and physic both togeher: and  no doub bu out 
pmye will be available, and our physic take effetS. 'Tis ha Hezekhh prae- 
tioed, 2 Kings xx, Luke the Evangelis: and which we are enjoined, Colo 
iv. no the patient only, bu he phyzician mlf. Hippocrates, a heahen, 
required hh  a good priioner, and so did Galen, l.  . et HiFF. 
doç. l. 9. cerF. 15. and in tha trac of his, an  sur p. . ca. 
1 t. 'ris a le which he doh inculcate, and my ohe. Herius h his 
firs book  sa. Ft. ct. speakingof tha happhess and good succ which 
ail phicians dese and hope for in the ces, etells hem tha "it  no o 
be expected, except th a te faith they c upon God, and teach their 
l,atients fo do the like." The oeuncfi of Larcin, Canon 22. decreed they 
hould do so ; the fathe of the chh have still adsed as much: "what- 
8ocrer thou takes in hand (ith Grego) le d be of hy counsel, consul 
with him; tha heeth those that are broken  heart (PI. cxli. 3.), and 
bindeth up the sort" Otherwise  the prophe Jeremh, cap. vi. 11. 
deuounced o Eg»t, In vain shal thou use many medich for thou shal 
have no hea]t.h. Iç is thc saine counl which fComineus hat politic histofiw 
grapher gives to all christian prin, upon oceion of tha unhappy overthrow 
«,f Charles Duke of Burgundy, by mea of which he w extretnely mehn- 
ch,»ly, and sick to death: insÇmuch ha neither phyto nor petuion could 
do him any good, peroeiviug his preposterous eor belike, adveth 1 grea 
men  such c "o pray fir to God with ail submsion and penitency, 
t, confess he sins, and then to use phyc." The ve saine faul i w, 
which the prophet reprehends in A king of Judah, that he reHed more on 
1,hysic than on God, and by all mns wodd have him to amend i And 'tis 
et fi caution o be observ of ail other sos of men. The prophe David was 
so obsean of ts precep, ha in his greast m an vexation of mind, 
he put this le fi in practice. P vii. 3, "When I ara in heavins, 
I wiH think on d." Psal. lxxxvi. 4, "Comfort the sÇul of thy servant, foz 
unto thoe I ç up my soul :" and vee 7, "In the day of tuble wHl I 11 
tq)on thee, for thou hearest me." Pal. liv. 1, "Sve me, O God, by thy 
mme," &c. Psal. lxxxii, pl. . d 'ris the common propice of 1 good 
men, Psal. cvii. 13, "When their hear was humbled with heane, hey 
cried o the Lord in their trouble, and he defivered thcm trom their distre." 
• 3I¢ d e rare  do no good. -Hor. 1. I. ep. 2. Sint Cri et Cr! ee non bol 
PtoI ae das agens eripiet qnam  nae. * Sclentia de D debet  mco ina % 
Situe a. Sat o or De. For you ehl Way  yooe r at he wod per that 
whch  Oven for e and then e phi¢ for the prolong of f% ei xi. 4. • Omn opter 
q udam in mecina licitem, d h¢ non t quod expecten ni Denm v fi vooen arque oeoa 
iit  dt votion excitent. « Lemni  Gror. exltoe.  vim opt. t. ç. . 
uicquid mt edi ant pec% Denm In oeilinm beto. tCo. b. 7. ob fe¢em 
uam conis in oeitudinem incidi ita ut  me cura non poet, •   l m 
rmceœs prim ad Dcum precetur» et peccat • vi ezo indc ad merrain» & 



3Iem. 3.] Salnt" Cure rejccted. 297 

And they have round good success in so doing, as David confesseth, Psal. xxx. 
11, "Thou hast turned my mourning into joy, thou hst loosed my sackcloth, 
and girded me with gladness." Therefore he adviseth ai1 othem to do tho 
like, PsaL xxxi. 24, "All ye that trust in the Lord, be strong, and he shall 
establish your heart." If is reported by *Suidas, speaking of Hezekiah, that 
thero was a great book of old, of King 8olomon's writing, which contained 
raedicines for all manner of diseases, and lay open sri11 as they came into the 
temple : but lezekiah, king ofoEerusalem, caused it fo be taken away, because 
it ruade the people secure, fo neglect their duty ha ealling and relying upon 
God, out of a confidence on those remedies, hMinutius that worthy consul of 
orne, in an oration he ruade fo his soldier, was much offended with them, and 
taxed their ignorance, that in their misery called more on him than upon God. 
A general ault itis ail over the world, and Minutius's speech concera us ail, 
we rely more on physic, and seek oftener to physicians, than fo Goal himself. 
As much faulty are they that preseribe, as they th«t ask, respecting wholly 
theii gain, and trusting more fo their ordinm T receipts and medicines maay 
times, than fo him that ruade them. I would wish ai1 patients in this behalf, 
in the midst of their mdancholy, fo remember that of 8iracides, Ecc. i. 11. 
aud 12, "The fear of the Lord is glory and gladness, and rejoicing. The 
ïcar of the Lord maketh a merry heart, and giveth gladness, and joy, and 
long liïe :" and all such as prescribe physic, to begin in noming Deq, as 
 Mesue did, fo imitate Loelius à Fonte Eumabinus, that in ai1 his consultations, 
still condudes with a prayer for the good succes of his hminess; and to re- 
member that of Creto one of their predecessors, fu#e avaritiam, et sine oration« 
et invocatione 2Dd nihilfacias, avoid eovetousness, and do nothing wiçhout 
invocation upon God. 

EZIB. III. 
Whether il be lau]ul fo seek fo Salnts for Ad in this Disee. 
Tax we must pray fo God, no man doubts; but whether we shoadd pmy 
fo sahts in sucb es, or whether they c do  any go, it may he lawfully 
controverted. Vhether thek imageg shrines, relics, cocmted tngs, holy 
water, medals, benedictions, those divine amulets holy exorcisms, and the 
sit of the cross, be available lu this diseasel The paphts, on the one side, 
stiy maintain how many melancholy mad, demoniacal rns are daily 
cured ai St. Anthony's Church in Padua, at St. Vitus' in Gey, by our 
Lady of retto in Italy, our dy of Sichem in the Low Countries: 
coec luth, oeg. salure, moru vi¢am, cl«udis gresm ¢oEdit, omn or- 
bos po, animi, curat, et in ipsos »n impium cet; she cures 
halt, lame, blind, all dises of body and mind, and commandz the devil him- 
clf, sait.h Lipsius, "tenty-five thousand in a day corne thither," qu 
men iu lum cum  iaduxit ; who bught them n auvibus, 
omnium gta nova novitia; new news lately donc, our eyes and m are I1 
of her cus, md who tan relate them ail? They bave a pror int almost 
for every puliar infirmity : for poin, gouts, ague¢ Petronella: St. Romanus 
tbr such as aro possessed; Valentine for the tMling sieurs; St. Virus for 
madmen, &c. and as of old Pliny reckons up gods for aH disees 
fanum d.um t), Lili Girald tests many of ber ceremonies : all 
* Greg. olo. To. 2. !. 28. c. 7. Syntax. In vtibnlo rempli Solomol$ liber remeom cujqne mrbi 
fui quem reit echi qnod popnlu$ egleeto Deo ec ivoto, aitatem de peteret, t Livius 
I. . Sffepunt aur clamoribua plortium ciom, piu o qnam deom vo opem. 
 Rulandu adjunt optimam orationem ad flnem Emp¢orum. ercuali conail. 25. ira conc]udit. 
lontanus pam, &c. et pluoes alii» ¢. k Lisi.  Cap. 26, m b. 2. ca. 7. de Deo Morbquo 
 ga driœet deoa reœe. 



298 Cure of Mdancholy. [Par. 2. Seo. 1. 

tions of the mind were heretofore accounted gods,  love, and sorrow, virtue, 
honour, liberty, contumely, impudency, had their temples, tempests, sea.ons, 
CreFius trentris, dea Iracuna, dea Cloacina, there was a goddess of idleness, a 
goddess of the draught, or jakes, Prema, Premunda, Priapus, bawdy gods, and 
gods for all °officea Varro reckons up 30,000 gods : Lucian makes Podara 
the gout a goddess, and assigns ber priests and ministers: and melancholy 
cornes not behind; for as Austin mentioneth, lib. 4. de Civit. Del, cap. 9. 
there wa of old A ngerona dea, and she had ber chapel and feasts, to whom 
(ith PMacrobius) they did offer sacrifice yearly, that she might be pacified 
well as the rest. 'Tis no new thing, you see this of papists; and in myjudg- 
nent, that old doting Lipsins might have fitter dedicated his pen after all his 
labours, to this our goddess of melancholy, than to his 'irgo Halensls, and 
been her chaplain, it would have become him better: but he, poor man, 
thought no harm in that which he did, and will hot be persuaded but that he 
doth well, he hath so many patrons, and honourable precedents in the like 
l<ind, that justify as much, as eagerly, and more than he there saith of his 
lady and mistress; read but superstitious Coster and Gretser's Tract de Cruce, 
.Zaur. Arcturus 'anteus «le Invoc. Sanct., Bcllarmine, Delrio, dis. mag. tom. 3. 
l. 6. quvest. 2. se, ct. 3, Greg. Tolosanus, tom. 2. lib. 8. cap. 2, Syntax. 
Strozius Cicogaa, lib. 4. cap. 9, Tyreus, Hieronymus Mengus, and you.shall 
find infin-:te examples of cures done in tlfis kind, by holy waters, relie.s, 
crosses, exorcisms, amulets, images, consecrated beads, &c. arradius the 
jcsuit boldly gives it out, that Christ's countenance, and the ¥it:in ]Iary's, 
would cure melancholy, if one had looked steadçastly on thcm. :P. Morales the 
Spaaiard, in his book de Fu, lch. ,Tes. et Mat. confirms the saine out of Carthu- 
si'anus, and I kaow hot whom, that it was a common proverb in those days, for 
such as were troubled in mind to say, eamus ad videndamfiliumMarier, let us 
see the son of Mary, as they now do post to St. Anthony's in Padua, or to St. 
]Iilary's at :Poictiers in France. "In a closet of that church, there is at this 
day St. Hflary's bed to be seen, « fo which they bring all the madmen in the 
country, and after some prayers and other ceremonies, they lay them down 
there to sleep, and so they recovcr." It is an ordinary thing in those parts, 
fo send all their madmen to St. Hilary's cradle. They say the like of St. 
Tubcry in "another place. Giraldns Car»tbrensis Itin. Camb. c. 1. tells strange 
stories of St. Ciricius' staff, that would cure this and all other diseases. Others 
say as much (as Hospinian observes) of the three kings of Coloae; their 
names written in parchment, and hung about a patient's neck, with the sign 
of the cross, will produce iike effects. I{ead Lipomannus, or that golden legend 
of Jacobus de Iroragine, you shall bave infinite stories, or those new relations 
of our jesuits in Japan and China, of ]Iat. iccius, Acosta, Loyola, Xave- 
rius's lire, &c. Jasper Bclga, a jesuit, cured a mad woman by hanging St. 
John's gospel about her neck, and many such. Holy water did as much in 
Japan, &c. :bTothing so familiar in their works, as such examples. 
But we, on the other side, seek to God alone. We say with David, lsal. 
xlvi. 1, «God is our hope and strenh, and help in trouble, ready to be 
fiund." For their catalogue of examples, we make no ogher answer, but thag 
they are false fictions, or diabolical illusions, counterfeit miracles. We cannog 
deny but that it is an ordinary thing on St. A nthony's day in Padua, to bring 
diverse madmen and demoniacal persous to be cured: yet we make a doubt 
vhether such parties be so affccted indeed, but prepared by their priests, by" 

• Selden prolog, cap. S. de diis Syris. Roflnus. • See Li]ii Giraldi syutagma de diis, &c. P 12 Cal. 
Januarii ferias celebrant, ut angores et animi solicitudlnes propitiata depellat, q Banc divoe pennam 
consecravi, Lipsius. • Jodocus Sincerus itin. Glliœe. 1617. Huc mente c,ptos deducunt, et statis oratio. 
ibu sacrisque peractla, in illurn lecturn dormiturn ponunt, &c. • In Gallia Narbonensi. t Lib. d 
vrig. Febtorum. Collo suspensa et pergamena inscripta, curn signo crucis, &c. • rn. Acosta coin. rerm 
in Oriente gest. h socetat. Jeu Anno 1568. El)it. Gonsa]vL YernandL% Anno I-G0. è Jaoni 



certain ointments and drame, to cozen the commonalty, as xHildesheim wel. 
saith; the like is commonly practised in Bohemia as ][athiolus gves us to 
understaud in his preface to his comment upon Dioscorides. But we nced 
hot run so iar for examples in this kind, we have ajust volume publishcd ai 
home to this purpose. "TA declaration of egregious popish impostures, to 
withdraw the hearts of relious men under pretence of casting out of devils, 
]ractised by Father Edmunds, al]as Ve.ton, a jesuit, and divers Romish 
lriests, his wicked aaociates, ith the several parties' names, confession 
examinatious, &c. which were pretended tobe possessed." But these are 
ordinary trcks only to get opinion and money, mere impostures. Escula- 
lius of ohl, that counterfeit god, did as many famous cures; his temple (as 
xStrabo relates) was daily ïull of patients, and as many several tables, inscril 
tions, pendants, donories, &c. fo be seen in his church, as at this day our Lady 
of Loretto's in Italy. It was a custom long since, 
 °' suspendisse potenfl 
Yeatimeuta marL deo.'" s--llor. Od. I. l. 5. Od. 
To do the lie, in former rimes they were seduced and deluded as they are 
now. 'Tis the saine devil still, called heretofore Apollo, Mars, :Neptune, 
renus, Esculapius, &c. as bLactautius, loE. 2. d orig. errors, c. 17.3bserves. 
The saine Jupiter and those bad angels are now worshipped and ador-.1 by tbe 
naine of St. Sebastiat, Barbara, &c. Christopher and George are corne in their 
places. Our lady succeeds Venus (as they use her in many offices), the test 
are otherwise supplied, as © Lavater writes, and so they are deluded. ,, a And 
God offert winks at these impostures because they forsake his word, and 
betake themselves to the devii, as they do çhaç seek after holy ater, crosses," 
&c. Wierus, lib. 4. cap. 3. What can these men plead for themœelves more 
than those heathen gods, the saine cures doue by both, the saine spirit thaç 
seduceth ; but read more of the pagan gods' eflects in Austin de Civitate I)ei, 
/. 10. cap. 6. and of Esculapius esl»ecially in Oicogna, 1. 3. cap. 8. or put case 
they could help, hy should we rather seek ço them, thau to Christ himself, 
since that he so kindly invites us unto him, "Corne unto me all ye that are 
heavy laden, and I will ease you," Mat. xi. and we know thaç "there is one 
God, one h[ediator between God and man, Jesus Christ" (1 Tire. ii. .), who 
gave himselïa ransom for all men. We know that "we have an ®advocate with 
the Father, Jesus Christ" (1 John ii. 1.), that "there is no other naine under 
heaven, by hich we can be saved, but by his," who is always ready to hear 
us, and sits at the right hand of God, and from «whom we can bave no repulse, 
$olu$ vult $olus lotst, cura unversos taltam sinos, et sunruemqu 
nostrûm ut solum, we are ll as one fo him, he cares fr us ail as one, and wbv 
ehould we then seek to any other but to him ? 

MEMB. 
SVSSECT. I.Physcan» Paten$, Physc. 
O tho divee ts hich our aposçle Paul saith Goal bath btowed on 
man, t of physic s noç the least, but most necessa, and espccially con- 
ducing to the good of mankind. Next therefore to d in all o extremities 
Ç" for of çhe most high cometh healing," Ecclus. xxxviii. 2.) we must seek 
ffi Spicel. de morbis dmonlacis, slc saflcull paratI untls Iclscoo ]itls, nf ttoe plebccn]m 
eradeant tal OErari h Sancto Antonio. • Printed et London 4to. by J. ltobes, 1605. z G] cg. hb. 
Cujus fanum œeotantl multitudine refum, undiquaque et tabel pcndentib» In qdbus  nati lan. 
guor ant inripti. " To offcr the elor'e gaen to the delà" of the deep." b ga]i g il sump- 
eent o]im nomen Jobs, Junon Apol]inis, &c. qnos Gentlles des credebent, nunc S. Sebtianl, Barbarœe, 
c. nomen baben et iorum. « Part. 2. cap. 9. de spect. Veneri ntitut Virginem Mariam.  A d 
c lndiba Dem connivet nenter, ubt relicto ver DeÇ  8atam cutnr, ql bi snnt, qui 
. lçem, cre &c. lubrioe fid homb offent, • Chor t ipis homo quam $bi, 
nOE g Atm. 



300 Cure _nf Melancholy. [Part.. 2. Sec. 1. 

an,l rely upon the lhysieian, bwho is J[anus Dei, sith ttierophilus, and te 
whom he bath given knowledge, that he might be glorified in his wondrotLs 
works. " With sueh doth he heal men, and take away their pains," Ecclus. 
xxx,iiL 6, 7. "When thou hst need of him, let him net go frein thee. Tho 
heur may corne that their enterprises may have good success," ver. 13. It 
net therefore te be doubted, that if we seek a physician as we ought, we may 
be eased of out infirmities, such a one I mean as is satfficient, and worthily se 
called; for there be many mountebanks, quacksalvers, empirics, in every strect 
almost, and in every village, that take upon them this naine, make this noble 
and profitable art te be evil spoken of and eontemned, by reason of these base 
and illiterate artificers: but such a physician I speak of, as is approved, 
learned, skilful, honest, &c, of whose duty Vecker, A ntid. cap. 2. et 
med. Crato, Julius Alexandrinus med/c. Heurnitts,/rra. med. l/b. 3. cap. 1. &c., 
treat at large. For this particular diseuse, him that shall take npon him te 
cure it, t laracelstLS will have te be a magician, a chemist, a philosopher, au 
astrologer; Thurnesserus, SeverimLs the Dune, and seine other of his followers, 
require as much : "many of them canner be cured but by mai, m.  laracelsus 
is se stiff for those chemical medicines, that in his cures he will adroit almos 
of no other physic, deriding in the mean rime lippocrates, Galen, and all their 
followers: but magie and ail such remedies I have already eensured, and shall 
speak of chemistry telsewhere. Astrology is ri]uired by many iamous phy- 
sicians, by Ficinus, Crato, Fernelius; »doubted of, and exploded by others : 
I will net take upon me te decide the controversy myselt Johannes Hossurtus, 
Thomas Boderins, and BIaginus in the preface te his mathematical physic, 
shall determine for me. BIany physicians explode astrology in physie (saith 
he), there is no use of it, unam artem no quasi temerariarr, insectantur, av 
gloriara sibi ab ejus imloeritia aucujoari: but I will reprove physicians by phy- 
sicians, that defend and profess it, tIippocrates, alen, Avicen., &c., that count 
them butchers without it, homicidasrn,licos Astrologixv ignaros,&c, laracelsus 
goes iaxther, and will bave his physician *predestinated te this man's cure, this 
malady; and rime of cure, the scheme of each geniture inspected, gathering of 
herbs, of administering astrologically observed; in which ThurnessertLs and 
seine iatromathematical professors, are too superstitious in my judgmen. 
"°telebore will help, but net alway, xot givex by every physician," &c., but 
these men are too peremptory and self-conceited as I think. But what de I de, 
iuterposing iv that which is beyond my reach? A blind man cannotjudge of 
colours, xor I peradventure of these things. Only thus much I would require, 
honesty in evcry physician, that he be net over-careless or covetous, harpy- 
like te make a prey of his patient; Carni.fi:is narrvtue est (as PWecker xotes) 
in, ter ipsos cruciattts ingens precium exposcere, as a hunffry chirurgeox often 
produces and wiredraws his cure, se long as there is any hope of puy, 
" flou missura curera, nisiplena cruoris hirudo."« Many of them, te get a fee, 
will give physic te every one that cornes, when here is no cause, and 
tlmy de se irritare silenten morbum, as "l:[eurnius complains, stir up a 
s:lca diseuse, as it offert tklleth out, whieh by good counsel, good advico 
alone, might bave been happily composed, or by rectification of those six 
nou-natural things otherwise cured. This is Vaturce bellum inferr«, te oppugn 
nature, and t.o make a strong body weak. Arnoldtr in his 8 and 11 
Aphorisms gives cautions agains, axtdexpressly forbiddeth it. "" A wise phy- 
i Ecclu xxxviiL In the slght of great men he shall be In admiration. ' Tom. 4. Tract. S. de morbls 
amentium, horum multi non niti à Mugis curandl et Atrologi, quoniam origo ejus à ccelis petenda est. 
 Lib. de Podagra. ' Sect. 5. t Langius. J. Coesar Claudinus consult. = Proeletinatum ad htmc 
turandum, • Helleborn curat, sed quod ab omnl datus medico vanum est. • Antid. gen. lib. 3. Cal). 2. 
« "The leech never rcleae the skln until he ts fllled with blood. ' • Quod pe evenit, lib. . cap. 1. cure 
,on sit necessitas. Ft-ustrs fatigant remedii oegro qui vict/lt rstlone curari posunt. Heurnitts. • Modesttts 
et sapiens rnedicu$, nunquam properabit ad pharmacum, nli cogente necesitate. 41. Aphor. 
inedictl cib i )ritta medicinlibus q ndicmi$ put-t tu rbttm ex)cllere 



lIem. 4. Subs. 2.] Patient. 

Bician will no give physlc but upon necessiy, and first ry medlcinal die% 
belote he proceed $o medicinal cure." « In another place he laughs those men 
te scorn, that think lonis srttpi ezpttnar« doe,wns e2 anlmi t,lmtasmata, 
they can purge phantastical imaginations and the devil by physie. Another 
caution i% that they proceed upon good gounds, if se be thero be need of 
l,hysic, and no mistake the disease; they are often deceived by the Usimilitude 
of symptom% aith Heurnius, and I could give instance in many consultation% 
wherein they have prescribed opposite physic. Sometimes they go tmo per- 
functorily o work, in net prescribing a j trot "course of physic: Te stir up the 
humour, and net te purge it, doth often more hrm thau goooE ][ontauus, 
cor. 30. inveighs against such perturbations, "that purge te the halves, tire 
nature, and molest She body te no purpose." 'Tis a crabbed humour te purge, 
and as Laurentius calls this disease» the reproach of physicians : Beardus, 
fl«çd/um a/crum» heir lash ; and for that cause» more carefully te be 
respected. Though the patient be averse, saith Lam'entius, desire help, and 
refuse iL again, though he neglect his own healh, it behoves a good physiciatt 
net ço leave him helpless But most part they offend in that other extreme, 
theyprescribe oo m uch physic, and tire out their bodies with continualpotions, 
te no purpo e. Etius, ttrabib. 2. 2. ser. cap. 90. will bave hem by all raeans 
therefore "rte give seine respire te nature," te leave off new and hen j and 
Loelius àFonteEugubinus in his consulçations, round i(as he here witness¢th) 
often verified by experienc% « that afer a deal of physic te no purpose, lef 
te hemselves, they have recovered." 'Tis that which lqic. Piso, Donatu 
Alomaru% Btill inculcato» date re4nt ztauroe» o give nature rest. 

flUSEC. II.--CO:{. th Pe. 
rHEN he predent cauions are caly kep, and tha we bave new 
got a sful, an hones$ physici o out mind,   patient wl net be 
formable, and oentent  be ruled by m, aH his endeavours w/Il oeme te 
good end. Many hin are necearily te be obrvcd and oeninued on 
patient's belf: First tha he be net too niggdly serable of  purs% or 
think it o mh he bestows upon himsel and te  charg endanger 
healh. The bdrit when they sent for  Hippo¢ras, promioed h whag 
reward he would, «  aH the gold çhcy h»  1 the city we gold he shod 
bave it." man the San, whcn he went  mel  Ehsha o be cured 
of his leprosy, took wih him £en ents of silver, six %hond pieç of ld, 
and ten change of raiments (2 Kings v. 5). AnoSher thg i% ha ou of 
bhfns he de net conce  grief;  aught trouble his mind, let 
freely dclose it, «Mm 4ara pJ «s  «oe:" by 
m he proches te hielf much mhceÇ and ns to a eater conve- 
nience: he mt be wilhug te be cured, and eamestly dire R. Pars 
sanat vd sa,mHfu (neca). 'Th a par of  cure te wh s o 
hlth; d net te defer it o long. 
" Q h[dtdo loe nut mum,  He that by chshlng a mch[e doth provok 
 rect e quod sabot J.= [ oo lte ai t refeth  t off  yoke." 
 a Heebo a m Jam eut oes meb[ [ «  the sn s  seek If  appe 
Po v[d; v[ ot mor." With hebor  v ; meet yooe ee." 
By h means many  or throuh their iorance in no takg notice 
their ievanoe d danger of if, contempt, supine neggenoe, extenuation, 
wretche d ehns  they do themselv The cite 
 B. I. e. I. s SSmido  n me Smn[L •  melancho pnt ea non 
s vd nor morbi imp letam meci st et fideltt qut enim tumula5 
n vtr abue o commode lut et angç & • Nat rionem date oet. 
• Fleqne hec morbo mi¢tna [ prof si suç et s[bl dem[ valueut. « Abdetiep. 
Mippoc. b Qid s spd nos ç libnter çrsolçema etia  bs osa 



302 Cure of Mdancho[y. [Part. 2. Sec. 1 

net of what city new, when rumeur was btught their euemies were coming, 
could net abide te hear if ; and when the plao-,ue begin in many places and 
they certainly kuow it, they command silence and hush if up ;. but after they 
sec their foes new marching te their gares, and ready te surprise them, they 
ben te fortify and resis, when 'tis too late when the sickness breaks out and 
eau be no longer concealed, then they lement their supine negligence : 'ris no 
otherwise with these men. And often out of prejudice, a loathing and ditasto 
of physic, they had rather die, or de worse, than take any of if. "I3arharous 
immanity ('[elancthon terres it) and folly te be deplored, se te contemn tho 
precepts of health, good remedies, and voluutarily te pull death, and many 
m:dadies upou their own heads." Though many aT, aiu are in that other 
extreme too profuse, suspicious, and jealous of their health, too apt te tako 
physic on every small occasion, te aggravate everyslender passion, imperfection, 
impediment : if their finger de but ache, run, ride, seud for a physicien, as 
many gentlewomen de, that are siclr, without a cause, even when they will 
themselves, upon every toy or small discontent, and whe,t he cornes, they make 
it worse than if is, by amplify:.ng that which is net. « Hier. Cappivaceius sers 
it down as a common fault of all "melancholy persons te say their symptoms 
are greater than they are, te help themseIves." And xvhich  lIercurialis 
notes, consil. 53. "' te bo more troublesome te their physiciens, than other 
ordinary patients, that they may bave change of physic." 
,_ third thing te be required in a patient, is confidence, te be of good cheer, 
and bave sure hope that his physicia, tan help him.  Damascen the Arabian 
requires likewe in the physican himself, that he be confident he tan cure him, 
otherwise his physic will net be effctual, and promise withal that he will cer- 
tainly help him, make him believe se et least. Galeottus gives this reason, 
becauoe the ferre of health is contained in the physiciau's mind, and as G-len 
holds " confidence and hope te be more good than physic," he cures most in 
 hem most are confident. Axiochus sick almost te dent.h, et the very sight of 
Socrates recovered his former health. Paracelsus assigns if for an only cause, 
why H'?pocrates was se fortunate in his cures, net fur any extraordinary skill 
he had ;  but "because the common people had a most strong conceit of his 
xvorçh." Te this of confidence we may add perseverauce, obedierce, and con- 
st:mcy, net te change his physicien, or dislike him upon every toy; for he that 
se doth (saith "Jams Damascen) "or consults with many, £dls into many 
errors ; or that useth many medicines." It waa a chief cavent of °Seneca te 
his friend Lcilius, that he should net airer hi physicien, or prcscribed physic: 
" othing hinders health more; a wound can never be cm'ed that bath seve- 
ral plasters." Crato, consil. 186. taxeth all melanchoIy persons of this fault : 
"' ° "T'Ls proper te them, if things fall net out te their mind, and that they haro 
net present eae, te seek another and mother ;" (as they de commonly that 
bave sore eyes) twenty one after another, and they still promise ail te cure 
them, t T a thousand remedies ; and by this means they increase their malady, 
make it most dangerous and ditïicult te be cured. "They try many (saith 
 Montanus) and profit by none :" and for this cause, con.s'il. 24. he enjoins his 
patient bebre he t'ake him in hand, "qperseverance and suffrancc, for in such 

® De anlma. Barbax tamen lmmanitate, et dcplorandS lnscitiS conternnunt prtecepta aanitatls, mortem et 
morbos ultro accersunt, fConsul. 173. è Scoltzio Mclanch./Egrorum hec fere proprium est, ut graciera 
tllcant esse symptornata, qnam revera snnt. g Melancholici plerumque medicis sunt molesti, rit alia aliis 
ad)ungant, b Oportet infirme imprimerc salutem, utcunque promittere, etsi ipse tlcsperet, l'ullum medi- 
eamentum efltcax, nisi medicus etiam fuerit lortis imagiuationis.  De promisc, doct. cap. 15. Qnoniam 
,sniz atis romain auimi medici continent, k SI>es et confidentia plu valent quam ncdicina. » Foelicior 
in medcina oh fldem Ethnicorum.  Aphoris. 89. #Eger qui plurimos consulit medicos, pleramque in 
errorem singuiorum cadit, u Nihil ira sanitatem lmpedit ac remediorum crebra mutatio, nec venlt vulnus 
ad clcatricem in quo dlversa medicamen tentxntur, o ltlclancholicorum proprium qnum ex corum 
arbitrio non fit subits mutatio in melius, slterare medicoç qui quitlvis, &c. p Cousil. 31. Dura ad varia me 
¢onferunt, nulle prosunt, qImprimia hec mtstuere oportet requlrl lerscvernlian» et tolexntiam. F.,Xiguo 
enim tcmpore nihil c,x  



Me'm. 4. Su'bs. 8.] .PTy,. 303 

a small rime no great marrer ,an be eflècted, aŒEE npon that condition he wîll 
administer pbysic, otherwise ail his endeavour and counsel would be te small 
purpose." And in his 31. counsel for a notable matron, he tells ber, "'if sho 
will be cured, she must be of a most abiding patience, faithfLtl obedicnce, and 
singular perseverance ; if she remit, or despair, she ,an expect or hope for no 
good success." Cent. 230. for an Italian abbot, he makes if one of the 
greatest reasons why this disease la se iucv.rable, "'beoEuse the parties are se 
restless and impatient, and will therefore bave him that intends te be eased, 
« te take physic, net for a mouth, a year, but te apply himsclf te their prescrip- 
tions ail the days of his liïe." Last of alI, it is rec/uired that the patient be 
hot too bold to prnctise upon himself, without anapproved physiciau's consen" 
or fo try conclusions, if he rend a receipt in a book ; for so, raany grossly mis 
take, and do themselves more harm than good. Thag which is conducing to 
one man, in one case, the saine rime is opposite to another. 
mule wen laden over a brook, the one with sait, the other with wool : tho 
rnule's pack was wet by chance, the sait melted, his burden the lightcr, and ho 
thereby much eased ; he told the ass, who, thinking to speed as well, wet his 
paclr likewiso at the next water, but it was much the heavier, he quite tired. 
o one thing may be good and bad to several parties, upon diverse occasions. 
"Many things (saith lenottus) are written in our books, which seem to the 
reader to be excellent ren.edies, but they tt make use of them are oftea 
deceived, and taire for physic poison." I remember in Valleriola's observa- 
tions, a story of one John ]3aptist, a lffeapolitan, that finding by chance 
pamphlet in Italian, written in praise of hellebore, would needs adventuro 
on himself, and took one drain for one scrple, and had hot he been sent ff»r, 
the poor fellow had poisoned himself. From whence he concludes out of 
Damaseenus, 2 et 3 Apho,rism. "rthat without exquisite knowledge, to work 
out of books is most dangerous : how unsavoury a thing ig is to believo 
writers, and take upon trust, as this patient perceived by his own peril." 
could recite such another example of mine own knowledge, of a friend of 
mine, that finding a receipt in ]3rassivola, would needs take hellvbore 
substance, and t T iL on his own person ; but bad not some of his çamiliars 
como to visit him by chance, he had by his indiscretion hasarded himselî: 
many such I have observed. These are those ordinary cautions, which 
sbould think fit to be noted, and he that sha]l keep them, az Montaauz 
saith, shall sttreIy be much eased, if not thoroughly cm'cd. 

EsZcr. III.Concernng Plysc. 
:PYsc itself in the last place is to be considered ; "for the Lord laath 
creatcd rnedicines of the earth, and he that is wise will hot abhor them." 
Ecclus. xxxviii. 4. ver. 8. "ofsuch doth the apothecary make a confectioa,"&c: 
Of these medicines there be diverse and infinite -k£uds, plants, metals, aimals, 
&c., and tbose of several natures, some good for one, hurtful to auother : some 
oxious Lu themselves, corrected by art, very wholesome und good, simples, 
mixed, &c., and therefore left to be managed by discreet and skilful physicians, 
aad thence applied to man's use. To this purpose they bave invented method, 
and several rules of art, to put these remedies in order, for their particular 
ends. lhysic (as Hippocrates defines it) iz nought else but "'addition anf 
subtmction ;" and as it is required in all other diseases, so in this of melan- 
• S[ curarl vult, opus est pertinael lersever&ntia, fldel| ol>edientia, et patienti eing'ulart, I tedet aut 
desperet, nium habebit effectnmo Egritudine mittnnt patientiam, et inde morbi incttrabileo 
«Non ad mensem aut annum, sed oportet toto vtm curriculo curationi operam date. • Camerarus 
emb. 5. cent. 2. • Proefat. de ar. med. In libellis que vu]go versantur ttpnd literatos» lncautiores 
nulta legLmt, k qulbns declpiuntnr, exirnia illi, ced portentosum hauriunt venenum. # Operari 
ex libria, absqne cognitione et solerl ngenio, perculosnm et. Unde monemur, quam nspidum scriptis 
auctot-tbus credcre, quod hic sue didic|t periculo, • Con'l 23. hoec omni si quo ordine decet, egerit 
vel curab/tur» vel cette minu -encietur. • Fuchrdus cap. 2. fib. 1. 



choly if ough o ho most accurate, iL belng (as bIercurialis acknowledgeth) so 
common an affection in these out rimes, and therefore fit o be understood. 
Several prescripts and methods I find in several mon, some take upon them o 
cure ail maladies with one medicine, severally applied, as that Paracea Aurum 
potabile, so much controverted in these days, lterba ,olis, c. Paracelsus 
reduceth all diseases fo four principal heads, to vhom Severinus. ttavelazcus» 
Leo Suavius, and others adhere and imitate: those are leprosy, gout, dropsy, 
falling-sickness. To which they reduce the res ; as to leprosy, nleers, itches, 
fllrfurs, scabs &c. To gout, stone, cholic, toothache» headache, &c. To 
dropsy, agues, jaundice, cachexia, &c. To the falling-sickness, belong palsy, 
vertigo, cramps, convulsions, incubus, apoplexy, &c. « cIf any of these four 
principal bc cured (saith Ravelascus) ail the inferior are cttred," and the saine 
rcmedies commonly serve : but this is too general, and by some contradicted : 
t'or this pectliar disease of melancholy, of whlch I ara now fo speak, I find 
aeveral cures, several methods and preseripts. They that intend the praetio 
cure of melaneholy, saith Durettm in his notes to Hollerius, set down nine 
peeuliar seopes or ends; Savanarola preseribes seven espeeial eanon ]Elianus 
lIontaltus, cap. 26, Faventinus in hlsempiriea, Hereules de Saxoni &e., bave 
th'eir several injunetions and rules, all tending to one end. The ordinary is 
threefold, whleh I mean to follow. l««'n'x), Pharmaceutiea, and Chirurgica, 
diet, or living, apotheeary, ehirurgery, whieh Weeker, Crato, Guianeritm, &e., 
and most, preeribe i of whieh I will insist, and speak in their order. 

SECT. IL I_E3IB. L 
Svsscr. I.--D/d rectlfed in Substae. 
, tatrvtz, t, or fiving, arding o «Fuchsi and othem, eom- 
prehend thooe s non-natural Chin, which I have belote specified,ecial 
OEm, and ing cted, a le or ehief pa of the eur "Johes 
lus, p. 16. in 9. , accoun the rectffyg of the six a scient 
cure. Guiane» tract. 15 cap. 9. oells them, proTm et pnmm curam» 
the princil cure:  doth Montanus, Cmto, ZIercmliz, tomams,&c., 
to be tried, mni» it. p. 22. names them the hing of out health, no 
hope of oecove without them. ineri Solenander, in h seventh consul- 
tation for a SpanLsh young gentlewoman, that w so melancholy she abhoed 
all company, and wod hot sit af table with ber famir iends, prescribes this 
physic above the rt, ¢no good to be done thout it. eteu loE. 1. cap. 7. 
au old physician» is of opion, that th is enough of itlf, ff the party be hot 
too f gone in sin, tCrato, h a cooEtion of his for a noble patient, 
tclls him plnly, that ffhLs ghness wi kp but a good diet, ho will want 
him s former hlt ZIonn, co. 27. for a noblen of France» 
admohethhh lordship to be most cumsct h s diet, or else a h other 
phyMc will be  sml puose. The me injection I d vbim in 
J. Coesar OEudin, pon. 34, Scoki, co. 183, Trn, p. 16, l. l, 
L¢llus h f uginus ofn bmgs, that ho bath donc more cur  this 
kind by rtifioEtion of et, tn all other physic besid¢ So that in a word 
I may y to most mehncholy mon, as the fox id fo the we that cotdd 
  pract, med. h o nostr tempob equtim ergo max peinet ad nos huj c. 
tionem teigere. ¢ SI qu hor orbom m at, san omn infeor 
 Instit. . 8. sect. I. ct omine non t cib et po sed r, exeitati somn vigili et 
reliq r sex non-nar nteu. « Scit plemque reen rem  on-n. 
t Et   potima anit cohtih 
rens m t,  pt habim recuperd 
ido  tam vict raonem, & a Moneo, Domin ni is pde  vlc, e quo tera 
remis fa hiben. 
cta oti qu mecamentis cur 



Mem. 1. Subs. 1.] lb'et rectifie& 305 

net get out of the garner, Macra ca,mm repetes, quem macra subîsti, " the six 
non-natural things caused if, and they must cure it. Which howsoever I treat 
of, as proper te the meridian of melncholy, yet nevertheless, that which 
here said with him in * Tully, though writ especially for the good of his 
frieuds af Tarentum and Sicily, yet it will generally serve ° most other diseases, 
anti help them likewLse, if it be observed. 
Of these six non-natural things, the first is diet, properly se called, which 
consists in meat and drink, in which we must consider substance, quantity, 
quality, and tht opposite te the precedent. In substance, such ments are 
generally commendcd, which are "» moist, easy of digestion, and net apt te 
engender wind, net fried; ner roasted, but sod (saithValeseus, Altomarus, Piso, 
&c.), hot and moist, ana of good nourishment ;" Crato, conM/. 21. lib. 2. admita 
roast ment,  if the burned and scorched ,uperfwies, the brown we call it, be 
pared off. Salviaaus, lib. 2. cap. 1. cries out on cold and dry ments; ryoung 
flcsh and tender is approved, as of kid, rabbits, chickens, veal, mutton, capons, 
heus, partridge, pheasant, quails, and al] mountain birds, which are se imiliar 
in seine pa]ff.s of Africa, and in Italy, and as "Dublinius reports, the common 
food of boom and clowns in Palestine. Galen takes exception st mutton, 
but without qllestion he means that rammy mutton, which is in Turkey and 
Asia Miner, which have those great fleshy tails, of forty-eight pounds weight, 
as Vertomarmus witnesseth, navig, lib. 2. cap. 5. The lcan of fat ment 
best, and all manner of broths, and pottage, with borage, lettuce, and such 
wholesome herbs, are excellent good, especially of a cock boiled; all spoon 
ment. Arabiarm commend brams, but t Laurentius, c. 8. excepts against 
them, and se de many others; Ueggs are justifiêd as a nutritive wholesomo 
ment, butter and oil may pass» but with ome. limitation; se = Crato coq- 
fines it, and "te. aome mes sparingly st set tiraes, or in sauce," and se suga." 
and honey are approved.  &ll sharp and sour sauces must be avoided, and 
spic, s, or st least seldom used: nd se safft'on sometimes in broth may be 
tolerated; but these things may be more freel used, as the temperature of 
the party is hot or eold, or as he shall find inconvenienee by them. Tho 
thinnest, whitest, smallest wine is best, net thiek, ner strong; and se of beer, 
the middling is fittest. ]3rend of good whet, pure, well purged from the 
b.ran, is preferred; Laurentius» va 2. 8. would bave it kneaded with rain vater, 
if it may be gotten. 
Waer.] Pure, thin, light water by all means use, of good amell and tast% 
1;.ke te the air in sight, such as is soon hot, soon cold, and which Hippocrates 
se much approves, if at least if may be haoE Rain water is purest., se that 
it fall net down in great drops, and be used forthwith, for it quickly putrefies. 
lext te it, fountam water that riseth in the east» and runneth eastward, 
frein a quick running spring, frein flinty clmlky, gravelly grounds: and the 
longer a river ru:meth, it i commonly the purest, though many springs de 
yield the best water af their fountains. The waters in hotter count»ies, as in 
Turkey, Persia, India, within the tropics, are frequently purer than ours in the 
noxh, more subtile, rhin, ad lighter, as out merchants observ% by four ounces 
in a pound, pleasanter te drink, as good as our beer, and seine of them, as 
Choaspis in Persia, preferred by the Persian kings bcfore wine itself. 
. C]itorio quicunque sitim de fonte levàrit 
yin [ug gaudeque merl abtmius undis." 
m« When you arc agaiu lean, seek an exit tbro-agh that huit bywhich le.an you entered." z !. de finbuz 
Treutiui e icuiis. • Mode tion multum elongentxr.  Lib. 1. de melon, cap. 7. Calidi et humidi 
eibi, eoncoctu facile fltils exortes s elixl heu assi, neque ft'ixi sint. q i interna tautum pulpa dev¢r¢- 
tur uou superticies torrlda ab igne. •/ene au,fientes cibi, tenella œetas mtùtum vlet, carnes non viror, 
nec pinguCs, • Hoedoper. peregr. Hierosol. t |nimica storcacho.  No fried or but$ered, but 
|otched. • Cousll. 16. /ou improbatur blztyrm et oleum, si tamen llus qnam par sit, non prnfundatur : 
bcchart et mellis sus, utiliter d eiborum condiments eumprobatur. , Mereurialis, con-il. 8. acerba 
mnni eviteutur, • Ovid. Met. lib. |5. « Whoever hs Ilayel  tàirst witla the wtr of th C|itoriu 
tvoid iue., sud abstemiou dclights in pure watr 



306 Cure of][elancholy. [Part 2. Sec. 

lIany rivcrs I deny not are mu,ldy still, white, thick, like those in China, 
lgile in Egypt, Tiber af Rome, but after they be settled two or three days, 
defeeate aud elear, very eommodiotm, useful and good. ]Hany make use of deep 
wells, as of old in the Holy Land, l'akes, eisterns, when they cannot be better 
provided; to fetch it in e.ws or gondolas, as in reniee, or eamels' baeks, as 
at Cairo in E-ypt, "Padzivilius observed 8000 eamels daily there, employed 
about that busiuess; some keep it in trunks, as in the East Iudies, ruade four 
quare with deseending steps, and 'riz hot amiss: for I xvould not bave any 
one so niee as that Greeian Calis, sister to lieephorus» emperor of Constanti- 
nople, and bmarried fo I)ominittts Silvius.duke of Venice, that out of ineredible 
wantonness, communi aquâ uti noleba, would use no vulgar water; but she 
died t«ntâ (saith mine author)foetidissirai puris copiâ, of so fulsome a diseuse, 
that no water eould wash ber eleam © Plato would not bave a traveller lodge 
in a eity that is not governed by laws, or bath not a quiek stream xanning by 
it; illud ei aniraura, hoc corrumpit valegudirem, one eorrupts the body, the 
other the mind. ]3ut thiz is more than needs, too mueh euriosity is naught, in 
rime of neeessiy any water is alloxved. Howsoever pure water is best, and 
xvhieh (as Pindarus holds) is better than gold ; an espeeial ornament it is» and 
"very eommodious to a eity (aecording to Vegetius) when fresh sp5ngs are 
iucluded within the walls," as af Corinth, in the midst of the town almo, 
there was arx altissima scaten, s fontibu», a goodly mount full of fresh water 
springs: "if nature afford them not they mtLt be had by art." I  is a wonder 
to read of those ° stupend aqueduets, and infinite eost bath been bestowed in 
lome of old, Constautiuoplê, Carthage, Alexandri and sueh populous eities, 
to eonvey good and wholesome waters: rend rontinus, Zipsius de adnir. 
 Plbdus, lib. 3. cap. 11, Strabo in his Geogr. That aqueduet of Claudius 
was most eminent, fetched upou arehes fifteen mlles, every areh 109 feet high : 
they had fourteen such other aqueduets» besides lakes and eisterna, 700 as I 
take if; nevery bouse had private pipes and channels fo serve them for their use. 
leter Gilllu. in his aceurate description of Constantinople, speaks of an old 
cistern which he went down to see,336 feet long, 180 feet broad, built of marble, 
covered over with areh-work, and sustained by 336 pillars, 12 feet asunder, 
and in eleven rovs, to eontain sweet water. Infinite eost in chaunels and 
eisterns, frvm lqilus fo Alexandria, bath been formerly be.towed, fo the ad- 
miration of these times; their cisterns so euriously eemented and eomposed 
that a beholder would take them to be ail of one stone: when the foundation 
is laid, and eistern ruade, their house is hall built. That Sêgovian aqueduet 
in Spain, is mueh wondered af in thezo days,  upon three rows of pillars, one 
above auother, conveying sweet water fo every house: but each city almost is 
f«il of such aqueducts. &mongst the rest he is eternally to be commended, 
that brought that new stream to the north side of London at his own charge: 
and ]çr. lgtho licholsou, fouuder of our water-works and elcgant conduit in 
Ox£ord. So much bave ail times attributed fo this elmeut, to be conveiently 
provided of it: although Galen bath taken exceptions at such watex, which 
run throngh leaden pipes, oh ceru»sa quoe in ils 9enratur, for that unctuous 
terrine, which eauseth dysenteriez and fluxes; "yêt as Alsarius Crueius of 
Genna well answea, if is opposite to eommon experienee. If that were true, 
most ofour Italian cities, luntpelier in France, with infiaite others, would final 
thiz ineonvenienee, but there is no sueh matter. For private fmilies, in what 

• Peregr. Hier. • The Dukes of 'enice rere then permitted fo marry. .De Legibus. d Lib. 4. 
¢ap. I0. lagna urbis utilitas cure perenue 
c. • IJpera 
arbem opcrc arcuato p«dttcttm. 
t Lib. 2. c. "0. Jod. a Meggcn. cap. I:». percg. H;er. Bclionius. a Cypr. Echovius deiit. Bisp. Aqua pro- 
l]uens mde in otaries ferè 
l.tr.gh Middlc:on» Baronct. 



lem. 1. Subs .] Diet rectifie,l. 307 

sort they should fŒErnish themselves, let them consult with P. Crescentius, de 
,jric. l. 1. c. 4, lamphi]ius Hirela. eus and the test. 
Amongst fishcs, those are most allowed of, that llve in gravel]y or sandy 
waters, pikes, perch, trout, gdgeon, smclts, flounders, &c. Hippolitus Sala'i- 
anus take exception at carp; but I date boldly say with " I)ubravius, it is an 
excellent mcat, if it corne hot from°muddypools, that it retain notan unsavoury 
taste. Urinacius Marinus i much commcnded by Oribasius, 2Etius, and most 
of out late writers. 
PCrato, co». 21 lb. 2. censures all manner of fruits, as subjeoE o purc- 
."action, yct tolerablc at sometimes, afçer me.ris, af second course, thcy kcep 
lown vapours, and bave thcir use. Swect fruits are best, as sweet chcrries, 
plums, sweet appls, pear-mains, and pippin% which Laurentius extols, as 
having a poeuliar properçy aaius his disease, aud Plater maguifies, omnibas 
wdis appropriata conveniunt, but they must be corrected for their windiness : 
ripe grapes are good, and raisins of the sun, musk-melons well corrected, and 
paringly uscd. Figs are allowed, and alm-nds blanched. Trallianus diom- 
mends figa, « Salvianus olives and capet, which "othet especilly like of, and 
o ofpistick nuts. lIontanus and Mercurialis out of Avenzoar, adroit peaches, 
"pears, and apl»ls baked after meals, only corrected with sugar and aniseed, or 
fcnnel-seed, and so they ma)' be profitably taken, because theystrengthen the 
stomach, and keep down vapours. The like may be said of preserved cherries, 
131ums, marmalade of plums, quinces, &c., but hot to drink afcer them. « Pome- 
granates, lemons, oranges are tolerated, if they be hot too sharp. 
"Crato will adroit of no herbs, but borage, bugloss, endive, formel, aniseed, 
balm ; Callcaius and Amoldus tolerate lettucc, spinage, beets, &c. The saine 
CraCo will allow no roots af all to he eaten. Some approve of potatoes, pars- 
nips, but ll corrected for winch o raw salads; but as Lurentius prescribes, 
in broths  and so Crato commends many of them : or to use borage, hops, 
balm, sbeeped in their ordinary drink. "Avenzoar mafifies the juice of a 
pomegranate, if it be sweet, and especially rose water, which he would bave fo 
be used in every dish, which they 13ut in practice in those hot ¢ountries abouç 
Damascus, where (if we may believe the relations ofVertomannus) many hogs- 
heads of rose water are to be sold in the market at once, it is in so great 
recluest with them. 

SUBS£er. II.D/.t rect/.fied in quaity. 
M alone, saith rCaan, eats d drinks without appeti, and th all 
 pleur« without ncoeity, ani d, d then corne many inconvcr 
eac unto him. For therc h no meat whatsocver, though otherw vholem« 
and goed, but if unsonably takcn, or immodemtcly uoed, more than the 
stomach OEan well br, it will engcndcr crudity, and do much barre. Thcr 
bre'Çrato adveth historient to t but twioe a-day, and that at his t mea]s, 
by no means t t without an appeti, or upon a full stomach, and  pu 
seven hors' diffcrenoe bween dinncr and pper. Wch le if we did 
obrve in out cocg, it would be much bettcr for our healths : but ctom, 
tbat tymnt,  prev, that, contry to ail goed ordcr and rulcs of physic, we 
acm-oe adt of rive. " after oeven hours' tarrying ho shall bave no smh 
 De plibus lib. habit om t autitii m non sint  oo loto. « De plse. c. 2. I. . PI 
mum prta  utflita/em et jucun$atem. Idem Tralan b. I. c. 16. ph peos et mo e. 
p Etsi omn puedi 8un obnoxi ubi sun8 mensi Incepo jm prior devorent, commo subi 
pros q dcine st proeti. U dcia cer pom &  Lib. 2. cap. I.  Mont 
utiliter st[m à primo ' h & soml n[, eo quod ventricum roborent et vapor put ten 
reprimant. Mon. « Pi mal& &ur[i& commue pei[tut mod6 non sin[ a.sr& e[ id 
t Oler& omnl& p ncn, bugloum, intybu fenicolum, &fisn melo [a de, ni. a Mer- 
ci prt. Med. • Lib. 2. de m. Sol homo it bibiqu% &c. • Con. 21.18. ] pl inger& 
quat par t. et vcntus tolere po nocct»  ctat generat, & 



308 Cure of Melancholg. [Part. 

let him defer l meal, or eat very little at his ordinary time of repast. This 
vcry counsel m'as given by Prosper Calenus te Cardinal Coesius, labouring of 
this disesse ; and *Platerus prescribes it te a patient of his, te be most severely 
kcpt. Guianerius admits of three meals a day, but ]Hontanus, corail. 23. pro 
Abb. _t«[o, ries him precisdy te two. And as he must net eat overmuch, se he 
may net absolutely fast ; for as Celsus contends, l/b. 1. Ja¢chinus, 15 in 9. 
Igsis,  repletion and inanition msy both de harm in two contrary extremes. 
]Ioreover, that which he doth eat must be well ++ chewed, and net hastily gob- 
blecl, fur that causeth crudity and wind ; and by ail means te eat no more than 
he can well digest. "Seine think (saith § Trincaveilius, l/b. 11. cap. 29. de 
curand. æart. hum.) the more they eat the more they nourish themselves :" 
eat and live, as the proverb is, "net knowing that only rcpah man which 
i wel! concocted, net that which is devoured." ]Ielancholy men most part 
bave gond a appetites, but iii digestion, and for that cause they must be sure te 
fise with an appet.ite : and that vhich Socrates and I)isarius the physieians in 
Macrobius so much require, St Hierom enjoins Rusticus to eat and drink no 
more than wiil ° satisfy hungcr and thlrst, dLessiusi the Jesuit, holds twelve, 
thireen, or fourteen ounces, or in our northern countries, sixteen at most, for all 
students, we|ings, and such as lead an idle sedentary liïe, of meat, bread, &c., 
a fit proportion for a whole day, and as much or little more ofdrink, lTothing 
peters the body and mind sooner than to be stiil fed, to eat and ingurgitate 
beyond all measure, as many do. «" Iy overmuch eating and continual ists 
they st[fie nature, and choke up themselves; which, had they llved coarsely, or 
llke galley slaves been tied to an oar, might bave happily prolonged many 
faix years." 
A great inconvenience cornes by variety of dishes, which causeth the pre- 
cedent distemperature, « « than which (saith Avicenna) nothing is worse ; fo 
fecd on dlversity of meats, or overmuch," Sertor[us-like, in lutera cwnare, and 
as commonly they do in ]Iuscovy and Iceland, to prolong their meals ail day 
long, or ail night. Our northern countries offend especially in this, and we in 
this island (am]li" vivents in Fraiia d coenis, as • Polydore notes) are 
most liberal feeders, but to out own hurt.  Persicos odi puer apparatus : 
"Excess of meat breedeth sickness, and gluttony causeth choleric diseases : 
by surfeiting many perish, but he that 4ieteth himself prolongeth his life," 
Ecclus. xxxviL 29, 30. We account it a great glory for a man to bave his 
table daily furnished with variety of meats ; but hear the physician, he pulls 
thee by the ear as thou sittest, and telleth thee» "'that nothing can be more 
noxious to thy heMth than such variety and plenty." Temperance is a bridle 
of gold, and he that can use it aright,  ego non suramis viris comparo, sed 
simillimura Deo judico, is liker a goal than a man : lbr as it will transform a 
beast to a man again, so will it make a man a god. To preserve thine honour, 
health, and to avoid therefore all those inflations, torments, obstructions, cru- 
dities, and diseases that corne by a full diet, the best way is to ied sparingly 
of one or two dishes at most, to bave ventrem bene moratum, as Seneca calls it, 
«  fo chouse one of many, and fo feed on that alone,"as Crato adviseth his patient. 
The saine counsel "Prosper Calenus gives to Cardinal Coesitrs, to use a modemte 

* Observat. lib. I. Assuescat bls in d|i eibos sumere, ©ertl semper horS.  ¢e plus ingerst cavendum 
rlu'm ventricuius ferre potest, semperque surgat  mensa non $atur. $ Siquidern qui scmimansum 
 elociter ingerunt cibum, veutricuto laborem iufertmt, et flatus maxirno lrrovent, Cratu.  Quidam 
maxim comedere nituntur, putantes eA ratione se vires refecturos ; ignorantes, non es qu igerunt posse 
rires reflcere, scd quœe prob concouunt, • Multa appctunt, paaca digernt, b Saturnal. iib. 7o 
cap. 4. « Modies et tcmperatus cibus et carn| et anim utills est. $ Hyffiastcon re. Uncioe 14 vel 16 
per diem sufl]ciant, computato pane, carne ovis, vel aliis obsonii, et totidern ï'el paul5 plures uncioe potils. 
• Idem, reg. 27. Plures in domibus suis brevi ternpore puscentes extinguuntur, qui si triremib us vinctl fulsseut, 
aut gregario pane pasti, sani et incolumes in longam oe ratera vitam prorogsent. « Nihil deterius quhm 
divcrsa nutricntia sùnui ad¢ngere, et «nr¢dendi tempu proroge, • Lib. |. ]st. • Hot. ad lib. 
. ode ult. g Ciborum varictate et copi in cadem mensu uihil nocentius homini ad sulutem, Fr. Valeriola 
observ. 1.2. cap. 6.  Tul. crut. pro . Mareel. g Nullus cibttm sumere debet, nisi stomachwç sit vacutt 
t¢rdon, iib. med. L 1. c. 11. m E multis cduii] unum elige, relictisque coeteris, ex eu comede. 



Mem. 1.8ubs. 2.] D/a Rea,2ed. 309 

and simple diet: and, though his table be jovially furnishÇd by tesson of his 
state and guests, yet for his own part fo single out some one savoury dish, 
and feed on iç. The saine la ineuleated by °Cmto, tons//. 9. l. 2. to a noble 
personage affeeted with this grievanee; he would bave his highnes to dine or 
sup alone, without all lais honourble attendanee and eourtly eompany, with 
a pfivate fi-iend or so» » a dish or two» a cup of Rhenish wine, &e. 
¢uus, tonS. 24. tor a noble marron enjoins ber one dish» and by no means 
to drink between meals. The like, cana. 22_,9. or hot to est till he be ma 
hungry, whieh rule Berengarius did most strietly observe, as HJ2bertus» 
raers jo/sc. wris in his lite. 
 cul non fuit unquam 
Ante atim potu. nec cibua ante famcm, » 
and w]ch all temperte men do constant|y keep. If is a frequent solemnity 
still used with us» when friends meet, to go to the aehouse or tavern, they 
are hot soeLb]e otherwise: and if they v/sit one another's bouses, they must 
both et and drit I reprehend it ot» moderately used ; but fo some men 
nothing can be more offensive; they had better» I spk it with SLut 
brose, pour so much water in their shoes. 
If mueh avails ]ikewse to keep good order in our diet, " 
things fit'st, broths, fish» and such OEeats as are sooner corrupted in the stomch 
barder ments oï digtion must corne last." Crato would bave the suppcr 
less than the dinner, which Cardan, Con'oEc. OE. 1. T'c. . ¢onroEc. 1S. 
disallows, and that by the authority of Glen» 7. . ¢r. ¢o.  and ïor 
four reasons he wiil have the supper biggest: I hve rend many treatises to 
this purpose, I kuow not how it may concern some few siek men, but ïor 
part genera]ly for a I should subscribe fo that custom oï the Romans, to 
make a sparing dinner, and a liberal supper; ail their preparation and invi- 
tation was still ai supper, no mention of dinner. ]Iany reasons I eould give, 
but mhen ail iz rid ioro and con, "Cardan's rule is best, fo keep that we are 
aeeustomed tmto, though it be naugh, and to follow out disposition and appe- 
tire in som things is hot amiss; to car sometimes of a dih whieh is hurtfixl, 
if we have an extraordinarr liking fo it. Alexander 8everus loved hares and 
apples above ail other meats, as I.ampridits relates in his liïe; one pope pork, 
another peeock, &e. ; wh.t harm came ofit I eonelude out own experieneo 
is the best physieian; that diet whieh is most propitious to one, is of'ten per- 
eious fo another, sueh is the variety of palates, humours, and temperatures, 
let every man observe, and be a law tmto himselt: Tiberius, in  Tacitus, did 
laugh af ail sueh, that thirty years of age would ask eounsel oî others eon- 
cerning matters oïdiet; I say the saine. 
These few rules of diet he that keeps, stmll surely fmd great esse and 
spedy remedy by it. It is a wonder to relate that prodigious temperanoe oî 
some hermits, anehorites, and father of the ehureh: he that shall but read 
their live written by ierom, Athanasius, &e., how abstemious heathens 
bave been in this kid, those Curii and Fabritii, those old philosophers, as 
t'liny records» l/b. 11. Xenopbon, loE. 1. dev/. ,Sbcrat., emperors and kings, 
as Nicephorus relates, Eecle hist.» loE. 18. cap. 8. oî ]lauritius, Ludovieus 
Pitts, &e., and that admirable *example of Ludovieus Corna,"ds, a patrieian of 
Yenlee, cannot but admire thetm This bave they done vohmtarily sud in 
health; what shall these private mes do tha are v/sited with siekness» and 

&'c. L. de atra brie. Slmplex sit ¢ibua et non varlus; quod llcet dignltatl  oh convives dl/cl]e vld«.tur, 
o Celsitudo tan prandeat sola, absque apparatu aui/co, cententu sit l]lustrissmus princeps duobus 
tntnm ferculL vlnoqu@ l{henano solum/n rnen ulatur. Semper/ntra saieta,em a mensa recet 
n,ofercuiocontcntts, q Llb. de Hel. el; Juuie. Mn]t eliu/ terrain vina fudises, • Cr-'.o. 
}lultum refert non Ignorare qui clbl priore& &c., llquid poEccdanl; caruittm jura, piscea, fructu &c. Coena 
brevlor sit prandlo, • Trac. 6. contradlct. I. lib. I. ¢ Super omuia qnotidJanum leporem hab,,it, 
points Indulsit. • Annal. 6. ]2|dere solebt eosqnl post 30 .tat|s 
uo- I utili alicaju co zdu,«ct. ,îA " " "t. 161. 



310 Cura of Melancholy. [Part. 2. Sec. 2. 

n eceîsarily  enj o ined te recover, and continue their heal th ? I t is a h ard thing 
te observe a strict diet, e gui medicè vivi$, miser vivit,  as the saying i, 
quo hec psum eri vivere, his si privaus fuerls ? as good be bnried, as se 
much debarred of his appctite; ¢xcessit medicina raalura, the physie is more 
troublesome than the diseuse, se he compla2ned in the poet, se thon thinkest: 
ver he that loves himself will easily endure this little misery, te avoid a greater 
inconvenience; è roulis minimura, better de this than de worse. And au 
"Tully holds, "better be a temperate old man than a lascivious youth." 'Tis 
the only sweet thing (which he adviseth) se te moderate ourselves, that we 
may have senectutera i juventue, e in juventute scnectutm, be youthful in out 
o]d age, staid in out youth, discreet and temperate in both- 

]KF_IB. IL 
l?etention and Evacuatlom rectlfted. 
I IXVE declared in the causes what harm costiveness bath doue in procuring 
this diseuse; if it be se noxious, the opposite must needs be good, or mean ai; 
lcast, as indeed it is, and te this cure necessarily required; mazimèconduci, 
saith hIontaltus, cap. 27. it very much avails. "Altomarus, cap. 7. "commends 
walking in a morning into seine fuir green pleasant ficlds, but by all means 
first, by art or nature, he vill bave these ordinary excrements evacuated." 
Piso calls it Benjum Fentris, the benefit, help or pleasure of the bclly, for 
it doth much ease it. Laurentius, cap. 8, Crato, consiJ. 21. 
once a day at lcoEst: whcre nature is dcfcctive, art must supply, by those leni- 
tire electuarie suppositories, condite pln|nes, turpentine clysters, as shall be 
shown. Prosper Calenus, lib. de atra brie, commends clystes in hypochon- 
driacal melancholy, still te be used as occasion serres; Pcter Cnemandcr, in a 
constdtation of his pro hypoclwdriaco, will bave his patient continually loose, 
and te that end sers clown there many ferres of potions and clysters. ]Iercu- 
ralis, consil. 88. if this benefit corne net of its own accord, prescribes  clys- 
tors in the tiret place: se doth Montanus, co,sil. 2L cod/. 31 e 229. ho 
cornmends turpengine te that purpose : the saine he ingeminates, conMl. 230. 
for au Italian abbot. 'Tis very good te wash his hands and tace often, te shift 
his clothes, te bave fuir linen about him, te be decntly and comcly attired, 
for sordes vitiant, nastiness defiles and dejects any man that is se voluntari]y, 
or compelled by want, it dullth the spirits. 
]aths are either artificial or natm'a, both bave their special uses in thi 
malady, and as «Alexander supposeth, l/b. 1. cap. 16. yield as speedy a remedy 
a any other physic whatsoeçer. /Etius would bave them daily used, 
balnea, Tera. 2. secS. 2. cap. 9. Galen cracks how many sever, d cures he bath 
pcrformed in this kind by use ofbaths alone, and Rufus pills, moistening thcm 
which are othervise dry. Rhasis makes it a princip.l cure, Toa cura 
humecando, te barbe and afterwards anoint with oiL Jason Pratensis, Lau- 
rentius, cap. 8. and lIontanus set clown their peculiar ferres ofartificial baths. 
Crato, cent//. 17. l/b. 2. commends mallows, camomile, violets, borage te ho 
boiled ia it, and sometimes tair water a]one, and in his following counsel, 
JB«dwum aquee dulvis solun 8œepissimè profuis,'e comtmrtum Iurbemus. Se doth 
Fuchsius. l/b. l. cap. 33, Frisimelica, 2. consil. 42. ia Trincavellius. Seine 
 Egyptii olim otaries morbo$ euræbant vomltu et Jejunlo. Bohemu, llb. !. cap. 5. «" He vho live 
medicdy llves mierably." • Car. M.jor: Mclior conditio senis vlventis ex proe$cripto artls medioE 
qum adolescentis luxuriosl. Debet per amoena exercer[, et Icca virldia, exaretis prius arte vel ntura 
alvi excrementis.  Hildesheim, spicel. 2. de meL Primum omnium operam dabis ut ingul-s diebtm 
hbea beneflcium rentres, semper cavcndo ne alvus sit diutins aslrictg. ® i non sponte, clistcrib,m 
purgetur, • Balneorum u$us du]ciumz siqttid aliud Ipsi opitulatur. Credo Ixoe¢ dici cure aliqua 



Mem. 2.] letention and Evacuatlon rectifled. 311 

beside herbs prescribe a ram's hcad and other thin fo be boiled. "Fctale- 
lltt, ¢orud/. 44. will bave them used ten or twelve days togetherj to ,vhich he 
must enter fasting, and ao eontinue in a temperate heat, and af ter that ïrict ions 
ail over the body. Loelius JEugubinus, eons//. 142. and Chts,ph. rcnls, in a 
consultation of bis, bol,1 once or twice a wcek suflàcient to bathe, the "'water 
fo be warm, hot hot, for fear of aweating." Felix Pister, observ, llb. 1. f, gr a 
melancholy lawyer, "wfll bave lotions of the head still joine«! to these baths, 
with a lee wherein capital herbs bave been boiled."  Laurentius speaks 
baths of lnilk, which I find approved by many othera. And still af ter bath, the 
body t,o be anointed with oil of bitter almonds, of violets, new or fi'esh butter; 
eapon s grease, espceially the backbone, and then lotions of the hea,1, em- 
broeations, "t. These kinds of baths bave been in former times much fre- 
quented, and diversely varied, and are still in general use in those eastern 
eountries. The Romans had their public baths very s,mptuous and stupend» 
as thuse of Antoninus and Diocleaian. lalin. 36. aaith there were an infinite 
mlmber of them in Rome, and mightily frequented ; some bathed seven times 
 day, as Commodus the emperor is reported to have done: usually twice a 
day, and they were after anointed with most costly ointments : rich women 
bathed themselves in milk, some in the milk of rive hundred she-asscs at once : 
we have manyruins of such baths found in this island, amont those parictincs 
and rubbish of old lavoman townu Lipsius, de ma!l. Urb. Rom. 1. 3. e. 8, 
I'osinua, Scot of Antwerp, and other antiquaries, tell strange »tories of their 
baths. Gillius, l. 4. cap. ult. Topogr. Constant. reckons up 155 publie *baths 
in Constantinop]e, of fair building ; they are still frequented in that city by 
the Turks of ail sorts, men and women, and ail over Greece and those hot 
countriea: to absterge belike that fulsomeness of sweat, to which they re thero 
subject. * Busbequius, in his epistles, is vcry copious in describing the manncr 
of them, how their women go covered, u maid following with a box of ointment 
to tub them. The ficher sorthave private baths in their bouses ; the poorer 
go to the common, and are generally so curious in this behalï, that they will 
hot est nor drink until they hve bathed, before and after meals some, "°and 
wlll hot make water (but they will wa.h their hands) or go fo stooL  Leo 
Afcr, l. 3. mkes mention of one hundrcd aeveral baths af Fez in _frica, 
most sumptuous, and such sa have great revenues belonging to them. Bux- 
tort. cap. 14. ,.qynagog. Jud. peaks of many ceremonies amongst the Jewa 
in this kind ; they are very supcrstitioils in their baths, espccially women. 
lgaural baths are praised by some. dLcommended by others ; but it is in 
adiverse re»pect. ï 3[arcus, de Oddis in 11ip. aff«ct, consulted about baths, con- 
demns them for the heat ofthe liver, beeause they dry too fast ; and yet by aud 
by, in another connsel for the saine disease, he approves them because they 
»leans by reason of the sulphur, and wouhl have their watcr to be drunk. 
Aretens, c. 7. commends alum baths above the test; and «Mercurialis, consul. 
88. those of Lucc in tha hypochondriacal passion. " He would have his 
pttient tarry there fifteen daya together, and drink the wter of them, and t« 
be bucketed, or have the water poured on his head. John Baptista, Sylvatlcus 
con. 65. commends all the baths in It«ly, and drinking of their water, whether 
they be iron, alum, sdphur; so doth "It'ercules de Saxoni'â. But in that thcy 
cause swcat and dry so much, heco,fines himself tohypochondriacal melancholy 

• ln qalbJeuaus dlu eedest eo tempor ne dorem excitent sut manifetam teporem, ced qndam 
refgeratione hectent. ¢Aqua non sit calid sed tepid ne sudor sequatur. $ Loon capiti 
ex lixlvlo, la quo hoeb pll coxerint.  Cap. 8. de mel.  Aut axa pull Po. a Them 
ymph. t Sand lib. 1. it that women go tlce a wk to the baths st let.  Epist. 5. 
• Hec m exceun quin square sem portent qu pa on Ivent. Bbeq ep 3. g. 
Turci«e, - Hildeim, spiceL 2. de meL llypocom si n sdet JecoHs lldit The¢ laudare, 
et si non nlmla ]mmori$ exsicfio t metuend. ¢ F«d. 141. q e Lucens adeat, ibiquo 
• aiciat, • In pari th. 



312 Cure OEMelancholy. [Part. 2. Sec. 2. 

alone, excepting that of the hcad and the other. Trincavellius, vont. 14. l/b. 1. 
prefers those "Porrectan baths before the test, because of the mixture of bra, 
iron, alum, and consil. 35. l. 3. for a melancholy lawyer, and cons//. 36. in that 
hypochondriacal passion, thi «bat]as of Aquaria, and 36. cms/, the driaking of 
them. Frisimelica, consulted amongst the rest in Trincavellius, cons. 42. 
lib. 2. prefers the waters of UApona before all artificial baths whatsoever in tbis 
disease, and would bave one nine ycars affected with hypochondriacal passion 
fly to thcm as to a Xholy anchor. Ofthe saine mind is T»incavellius himselî 
there, and yet both put a hot liver in the saine party for a cause, and 
him to the waters of St. Helen, which are much botter. Montanus, tons//. 
230. magnifies the 7Chalderinian baths, and consil. 237. et 239. he exhorteth 
to the same, but with this caution, "• that the liver be outwardly anointed 
with ome coolers that if be hot overheated." But these baths must be warily 
fmquented by me|ancholy persous, or if used, to such as are very cold of 
themselves, for as Gabelius concludes of all Dutch baths, and especially of those 
of Badcn, "they are good for all cold diseases, Inaught for choleric, hot and 
dry, and M1 infirmities proceeding of eholer, inflammations of the spleen and 
liver." Out English baths, as they ara hot, must needs incur the ame 
oensure : but D. Turner of old, and D. Jones bave written ai large of them. 
Ofcold baths I find little or no mention in any physician, some speak against 
them : bCardan alone out of Agathlnus "commends bathing in fresh rivers 
and cold waters, and adviseth all such as mean to live long to use it, for it 
agrees with ail ages and complexious, and is most profitable for hot tem- 
pcraturcs." s for sweating, urine, blood-letting by hoemroda, or otherwise 
I shall eIsewhere more opportunely speak of them. 
Immoderate Venus in excess, as if is a cause, or in defect ; so modcrately 
used to some paies an oaly help, a present remedy, lctcr Forestus calls if 
aptlzsmura remedu», a most apposite remedy, "remitting anger, and reason, 
that was othevise bound." Avieenna, F«n. 3. 20, O»ibasius, me//. co//ec. 
l/b. 6. cap. 37. eontend out of ufus and others, "that many madmen, 
melancholy, and labouring of the falling sickness, bave been cured by thi 
alone." hlontaltus, cap. 27. de melan, will bave it drivc away sorro% and all 
illusions of t.e bmin, fo purge the hcart and brain ri'oto ill smokes and vapoum 
chat offend them: "°and if it be omittcd," as Valescussupposeth, "it makes 
the mind ad, the body dull and hcavy." ]Iany other iacouveniences are 
reckoned up by ]Iercatus, and by odericus à Castro, in their tmcts de me/an- 
chollâ virginum e monialium ; ob seminis reteutionem soeviun swTè mmia 
et vlrgines, but as laterus adds, s/ uubant, sanantur, they rave single, and 
pine away, much disntent, but marriage mends al]. ([arcellus Donatus, l/b. 
2. med. hlst. cap. 1. tclls a stox T to confirm this out ofAlexander Benedictus, 
of a maid that was mad, ob menses inhibitos, cu» lu ojïcinam meritoriam inci- 
diaset, à quindecim viris eâdera nocte comTressa , mensium largo profluvio, quod 
pluribus annis ante constiterat, on sine magno pudore marie menti 'estituta 
dlscessit. But this must be warily understood, for as Aoldus objects, lib. 1. 
brevian 18. cap. Quid coitus ad melancIwlicura succum ? rhat affinity bave 
these two  " texcept it be manifest that superabundance of seed, or fulness of 
blood be a cause, or that love, or an cxtraordinaa T desire of Venus bave gono 
before," or that as Lod. ]Iercatus excepts, they ho very flatuous, and haro 

• Aqum Porrectan ¢ Aqu AquarIm. • Ad aquss Aponenses velut ad er chor consulat 
Joh. Baubin ll. 3. c. 14. hier. admir. Font Boilensis in dut. Witmboeg udat 
eichocos morbo morcm, fcatiouc aHaque imi pathcmata.  Ba Cd 
• ltep extee gat ne efl. • Nocent s et ei cholec et omnib morb ex chol 
bepati spleniue affectionib  Lib. de ua. Qui breve h 
ger frlgi u pe lavée dent, nu œetatl cure it oe 1i p uti. *lvit 
Ven ratio v pm, gent ir remitti & 
hnJ u solo sanati. * SI omittatur i oentristaç et plumum avat 
cm cotet  m sut em ca  aut or 



More. 3.] Dresson of Azr. fil3 

: been otherwiso aecustomed unto it. Montaltus, cap. 27. will net allow of 
modcrate Venus te such as bave the gout, palsy, epilepsy, melancholy, except 
they be very lusty, and full of blood, sLodovicus Antonius, l/3. med. m/sec/. 
in his chapter of Venus, forbids if uttcrly te ail wrestlers ditchers, labouring 
men, &c.  Ficinus and i lIarsilius Çognatua put Venus one of the rive mor- 
tal enemies of a student: "if consumes the spirits, and weakeneth the brait, " 
alyabbas the Arabian, 5. Theor. e«p. 36. and Jason Pratensis make it tho 
fountain of mos diseases, "but most pernicious te them who are cold and 
dry :" a melancholy man must net meddlo with it, but in seine cases. Ilu - 
tarch in his book de s«. tuend, accounts of if as one of the three principal 
signs and preservers of health, temperance in this kind: « to fise with an 
appetite, te be ready te work, and abstain frein venery," tr/ sahdoerrima, are 
three most healthïul things. çe sec their opposites how pernicious they are 
te mankind, as te all other creatures they bring death, and many feral diseases: 
Immodids brevis est cetas et rata senectus. Aristotle gives instance in spar- 
rows, which are parù vivaces oh alac$2atn, m short-lived because of their 
alacity, which is verï frequent, as Scoppius in I)riapiis will better inform you. 
The extremes being both bd, the medium is fo be kept, which carmot easily 
be determined. Some are better able to sustain, such as are hot and moist, 
phlematic, as ttippocrates iusinuateth, some strong and lusty, well fed like 
°Hercules, rPxculus the emperor, lusty Laurence, «l.roibuhtm fiemirwe Mes- 
salina the empress, that by philters, and such kind of lascivious meats, use all 
means to "enable themselves: and brag of it in the end, confodl mult«s enim, 
occidi veto 2mucas per veatrem vidisti, as that Spanish'Celestina merrily sid: 
others impotent, of a cold and dry constitution, cannot sustain thos¢ gymnics 
without great hur done to their owa bodies, of which numbcr (though they 
ho very prono to it) axe mclancholy men for the most pro't. 

IEMB. III. 
Ar rec6fied, lVith a digression o.f le Air. 
As a l,,ng-winged hawk, when he is first whistled off tho fist, mounts aloft, 
and for his pleasure fetcheth may a circuit in the air, still soaring higher 
higher till he be como fo Ms ftl pitch, and in the end, when the gaine 
sprtmg, cornes down amain, and stoops upon a sudden : so will I, having nov 
ome at last into theso amplo fields of air, wherein I may fl-eely expatiate and 
exercise myself for my recreation, awhile rove, wander round about tho world, 
mount aloft to thoso ethereal orbs and oelestial spheres, and so descend to my 
former elements again. In which progrcss I will first sec whether that rel 
tion of the friar of 'Oxford be truc, concerning those northern pmoEs under tho 
I)ole (ifI meet o3itr with the wandering Jew, Elias A rtilcx, or Lacian's lcaro 
• n, niFtrus , they .hall be my guides) whether thero be such, 4. Euripes, and 
great rook of loadstones, which may cause the needle in the compass still fo 
bend that way, and what should be the true cause of the variation of the com- 
pass, i. it a magnetical rock, or the pole-stm; as Cat-dn will  or some other 
• AtMetis, Arthriticis, podagrlet nocet, nec opportuna prodeat, nlsl fortlbus et g! mto ssngne abnn. 
danS. Idem cliger ezere. 269. "I'm'ci ideo luctatoribus prohibitum.  De sanit, tucnd, lib. I. 
t Lib. l. e. 7. exhaurE enim pirittm animumque debilitat, l Frigddis et aiccis corporibKs iaimiciim,. 
t Vesc! intra satàettcm, .rnpigrtma esse ml laborem vit'Me emea conservare, m equiti4 est qu te non 
lnfl; esse scnem. = Vide Moutaaum, Pet. Godefridum, Amorum lib. 2. cap. 6. ttriosum de his nm et 
numerum deflnitè Talimudistis» ualcque sciatis assignari sutu tempus, &c.  Thesplad genuit. 
 Vide Lsmpridium vit. eju$ . « Et lassata viris, &c. t Vid. ]Jdzald. cent. 8. 
emp. 16. Catul]um ad lpsiphilam, &c» 0vid. Eaeg. lib. 3. et 6. &c., quot ltinerl una uocte confecient, ter 
coronas ludicro deo put& Triphallo, M,,r$ Herm, Priapo dvnarent, Cingenms tibi mcn; corouis, 
&c. • Peraoboscodid. Gasp. Barthii. • lqich, de Lynna, cited by Mcrctta" iu his map. • MOn 
otO. 0mo  tt th© hightat  in th o world, ucxt Teuta'Lffo la the danrioe. Lt. 



314 Cure of Melancholy/. [Part. 2. Sec. 2. 

star in the bear, as Marsilius Ficinus; or a magneticai merldian, as 5[auroli- 
eus; Ve[ situs in vemî oe, as grieol; or the nrne of the next oenti- 
rient,  Caus wiH; or some other OEu,  Soeliger, Coesius, Conimbri- 
oem Peregrimt contend; why at the Azores it Iooks direetly north, othcrwise 
notl In the Ieditenean or Lewnt ( some obsee) it varies 7. atl. 
by and by 12. and then 22. In the Baltie Sea% nr oebnrg in Fhdand, 
the needle runs round, ff any ships me that way, though =31ain idley 
write otherwis% that the needle nr the Pole wiH hardly b# fod from his 
• reeçion. 'T fit   inqxired wheçher eeain 1 may be me of it, 
11.9rad. . z'arktl. ibi 36. &c., and that which is more prodigious, the 
variation vri in the saine pl, now taken acoEraiy, 'ris so much after 
few years qxite Mtered from that it : till we have better ingenoe, let 
our Dr. Gilet, and icholas rCabem the Jnit, that. bave both 'itten eat 
volumes of this subject, tisfy the inqfisi. Whether the sea  open 
and navigable by the Pole arctie, and which is the likelit way, that of Dati- 
on the ollander, under tho Pole itseoE whic.h for some reons I hold st : 
or by Fretum Davis, or Nova Zembl. Whether "Hudn's dioeo  true 
of a new round oc any likeiihood of Button's Bay  50. dee Hub- 
b's ope  60. that of zl tra, near Sir Thom Roe's welcome in orth- 
wt Fox, beg that the  ebbs and flows consantly the 15 
hou  onr "new car inform us tht Califomia is not a oe, bn an islanl, 
and the west winds make the neap tins eqnal to the sprg, or tht there ho 
any probhility to p by the tçs of ian to China, by the promonto f 
Tabin. If there b I sll soon perecive wheher bMarcus Polus the Venc- 
tiau's narration be te or fid, of that grt city of Quiuy and CambMn ; 
hether there  any such plac, or that  MttK Riccius the Jesuit hath 
written, China and Cataia be ail one, the eat Cham of Tartary an«l the king 
of China  the me; Xunin and Quy, and the city of Cambalu be tha 
]ew Peking, or sueh a woe 400 leaes long to par Chin from Tartary: 
heçher aPrebyter John be in Asi or Mx6ca; . Polus Veneus puta him 
in ia, "the most reeeived opion is, that he h emror of the Abyines, 
which of old w Ethiop, now ubia, under the equator  Affi Wheçher 
«Guin be an island or pa oç the conçinent, or that hung Snia's di 
covery of ra A ustr Inoegna, or [agdnica,   te  that of tl[er- 
cuus Erinni, or his of Up, or his of Lnia. An,1 yet in leood 
it my be so, fi,r without all q,tion it beg extended from the tropie of 
Caprioern m thc cirele Antaretie, d lying  it doth  the temperate zone, 
eaunot ehoose but eld in rime some flourhing kingdoms to suoeeedg ages, 
 Ameoe did unto the Spaniar Shouten and Le [eir have done we in 
the discovery of the Straits of Magellan, in ding a more oenvenient page 
"o .llare pacm : methinks some of o mode argonauts should proseeute 
the t.  I go by 3Iadagascar, I wod  that eat bird nruek, that 
ean ea a man and ho or an elephant, with that Arabian phoenix dribed 
by tAdrieomi; e the pdieans of Egypt, thooe S%vthian hes in Asia: 
a»d aerwards in Affiea examine the founins oI ilus, whether Herot, 
nee lin., 1. 5. cap. 9, Strabo. l. 5. give a trte OEu of h annua[ 
flowing, Pagaphetta dou rightly of if, or of Niger and Senegal; exa- 
mine Cardan, aligeFs ren and the test. Is it ri'oto tho Esian 
nd% or melting of ShOW in the mountains nnder the equator (for Jordan 
yrly overflows when the show melts in Mount Libamm), or from tho grt 
ffi C. . in  eat of efle di.  Le llb. !. cap. .  
lib. 3. c. 4. • 1612. • M. Bri hh map, d Nohwt Fox. 
Quiy, et p. 10. de Camb «b. 4. exp,. ad SIn  3. et b. 5. e. 18. a M. Po]  Asis 
Prcsb. Job. memiç b. 2. csp. 30. • Allui et aliL ¢ Lst. 10. Gr. At. s Ferddo de 
Qr. Anno 1612.  am næ confinent in Iongitndine 12 pa ephantem  sublime tollero 
pott. Pol 1.3. c. . ' Lib. 2. Dript. oe sance.  Katur. qt. 
r. Coco.  Exercit. 



dropping perpetual showers which are so frequeng go ghe inhabitants within the 
tropies, when the sun i vertical, and cause such wsg inundations in Senegai, 
B[aragnan, Oronoco and ghe resg of ghose greag rivers in Zon Torrida, whieh 
bave all eommonly ghe mme passions ag set imes: and by good husbandry 
and policy hereat2er o doubg may eome [o be as populous, as well tilled, as 
fruifful, as Egypg itself or Oauchinhina I would observe ail those motions of 
he sea, and from wha eauso they proeeed, from the moon (as he vulgr hold) 
or earh's mogion, which Galileus, in ghe fourgh dialogue of his system of ghe 
world, so eagerly proveq, and firmly demonsgraes; or win&, as °some wili. 
,Vhy in hat quieg oeen of Zur, in mari paeifieo, i is searee pereeived, in out 
Bvitish sens most violent, in the l[editerraneau and Red Sea so vehement, 
irregular, and diverse Why the current in that Atlantic Oceart should still bo 
in some places from, in some again towards the north, and why theycome sooner 
than go? and so ri'oto Moabar fo l[adagascar in that Indian Ocean, the mer- 
chants corne in three weeks, as ° Scaliger discusseth, they returrt scarce in 
three months, with the saine or like winds: the continual current is from east 
go west. Whether lIount Athos, Pelion, Olympus, Ossa, Caucasus, Atlas, be 
so high as Pliny, f»linus, ela relate, above clouds, meteors, ubi nec auroE ueo 
v«nti »lirant (insomuch that they that ascend die suddenly very often, tlm air 
is so subtile), 1250 pazes high, according fo that moEsure of Dicearchus, or 
78 miles perpendicularly high, as Jacobus hIazonius, sec. 3. et 4. expounding 
that place of Aristotle about Caucasus; and as PBlancanus the Jesuit contends 
out of C/avius and Nonius dcmonstrations d Crelusculls: or rather 32 sta- 
diums, as the most received opinion is; or 4 toiles, which the height of no 
mountain doth perpendicularly exceed, sud is equal fo the greatest depths of 
the a, which is, as Scliger holds, 1580 paces, Exerc. 38, others 100 paces. 
I would see those inner parts of America, whether there be any such great 
city of .Ianoa, or Eldorado, in that goldcn empire, where the highways are as 
much beaten (one reports) as between Iadrid and Valadolid in Spain; or any 
such Amazons as he relates, or gigantic Patagones in Chica; with that mira- 
culous mountain «Ybouyapab in the Northern Brazil, cujusj,«gu» slernilur i 
amcenissnmm planitiem &c. or that of Pariacacca so high elevated in Peru. 
The pike of Teneriffe how high it is? 70 toiles, or 50 as Patricius holds, or 
9 as Snellius demonstrates in his Eratosthenes: see that strange "0irknick- 
zerksey lake in Oarniola, whose waters gush so f'ast out of the ground, that thcy 
will overtake a swif horseman, and by and by with as incredible celerity are 
supped up : which Lazius and Wernerus make an argument of the Argonauts 
sailing under ground. And that vast den or hole called Esmellen in Musco- 
via, oe vsitur horrendo Matu, &c. which if any thing casually fll in, makes 
sueh a roaring noise, that no thunder, or ordnance, or wrlike engine can make 
the like; such another is Gilber's Cave in Lapland, with many the like. I 
would examine the Caspian Sea, and ee where and how if exonerates itsclf, 
af.cr it bath taken in Volga, Jaxares, Oxus, and those great rivers ; at the 
mouth of Oby, or whcre ? What vent the Mexican lake hath, the Titicacaa 
in Peru, or that cireular pool in the wde of Terapeia, of which Acosta, L 3. 
e. 16. hot in a cold country, the spring of which boils up in the midd[e twenty 
foot sqtare, and bath no vent but exhalation: and that of ,l[aremortuum in 
Palestine, of Thr,ymene, t Peruzium in Italy : the ]Iediterranean itsel£ 
For from the ocen, at the Straits of Gibraltar, theam is a perpetual current 
into the Levant, and so llkewiso by the Thracian Bosphorus out of tbe 



316 Cure of Melarwolg. [Part. 2. Sec. 2. 

Euxino or Lqack Sca, besides ail thoso great ivers of Nile, Po, Rhone, 
&c. how is this water consumed, by the sun or otherwise? I would fiud out 
with Trajan the fountains of Danube, of Cr«nges, Oxus, see thoso Egyptiau 
pyramids, Trajan's bridge, Grotte de. Sybilla, Lucullus's fish-ponds, the temple 
of Nidroso, &c. And, if I could, observe what becomes of swallows, storks, 
cranes, cuckoos, nightingales, redstarts, and many other kind of singing birds, 
water-fowls, hawks, &c. seine ofthem are only seen in summer, seine in winter; 
seine are observed in the snow, and at no other rimes, each having their sea- 
sons. In winter net a bird is in lIuscovy te be found, but at the spring in an 
instant the woooEs nd hedges are full of them, saith "Herbastein : how cornes 
ît te pass? De they sleep in winter, like Gesner's Alpine mice; or de thcy 
fie hid (as Olaus affirms) "in the bottera of lakes and rivers, siiriura conti- 
res ? oftcn se found by fishermen in Poland and candia, two -ogethcr, 
mouth te mouth, wing te wing; and when the spring cornes they revive again, 
or if they be brought into a store, Or te the tire-side." Or de they follow tho 
sun, as Peter Martyr, legat. Baby/ona l. 2. manifestly convicts, out of his own 
knowledge; for when ho was ambassador in Egypt, hc saw swallo;vs, Spanish 
kites, Sand many such other European birds, in December and January very 
f.miliarly flyiug, and in great abundance, about Alexandrin, ubiflor/ 
arbores ne viridaria. Or lie they hid in caves, rocks, and hollow trces, as 
most think, in deep tin-mines or sea-cliff., as s]k[r. Carew gives out I con- 
cludc of them all, for my part, as Munser doth of cranes and storks; whenco 
they corne» whither they go, incomper$mn ahwc, as yet we know net. We see 
thcm here, somc in summer, seine in winter; "their coming and going is sure 
in thc night: in the plains of Asia (saith he) thc storks meet on such a set 
day, he that cornes last is torn in pieces, and se they get them gone." Many 
strange places, Isthmi, Euripi, Chersoncsi, creeks, havens, promontories, 
straits, lakes, baths, rocks, mountains, places, and fields, where cities haro 
been ruined or swallowed, battles fought, creat(tres, sea-mousters, remora, &c. 
minerals, vegetals, Zoophytes were fit te be oonsidered in such an expedition» 
and amongst thc test that of ©ttarbastcin his Tan'far lamb, « ttector Boethius' 
goosebearing tree in thc orchards, te which C/ardan, l/b. 7. cap. 36. d 
varetat, subscribes : "¥eromanntm' wonderful palm, that ffly in HispanioL% 
that shines likc a torch in the night, that one may well sec te write ; thos« 
sl)herical stones in Cuba which nature bath se ruade, and those likc 
beasts, fishes, crowns, swords, saws, pots, &c. usually fouad in thc metal 
mines in Saxony about Mansfield, and in loland near Nokow and lallukie, as 
• OEunster and others re. tre. lny rare creatures and novelties ech part of 
thc world affords: amongst thc rest I would know for a certain whcther therc 
be any such mea, as Leo Suavius, in his comment ou l)aracelsus d 
tuend, and aGag, dnus records in his description of ]Iuscovy, "that in Luco- 
moria, a province in Russia, lie fast asleep as dead ail wiuter, from the 27 of 
lovember, like frogs and swallows, benumbed with cold, but about the 24 of 
April in the spring they revive adn, and go about their business." I would 
examine that dcmonstration of Alcxander ticolomineus, whether the earth'a 

• In campis Lovicen. solum vlsuntur in nlve, et ublnam vere, state, autumno se cc]taut. Herme$ 
Polit. I. I. Jal. Bellius. • Statim ineunte vere sylvoe strepunt eorum cantilenis. }luscovit. comment. 
• Immerffunt se fluminibu lacubulue per hyeraem totam» &oE • Coeterasque volucres Pontum hyem 
dveuiente  nostr regionibu Europeis tranvolantes, • Survey of Cornwall. b Porto ciconioe 
quoi. ara è loco reniant, qu se conferant, lncompertum mihue, ag, men venientium, descendentium, nf gruum 
vemsse cernimus, noctmls opmor temporibus. In patentibus Asile campJs certo die congregant se, earn 
qu novttm lveuit lcerffiut, inde avolant. Cosmog. 1. .  126. • Commeut. uscov. • Hist. 
.cot. L 1. , Vertomannus, 1.5. e. 16. mentioneth ffi tree that bears -ttits to eat, wood to "ourn, bsrk to 
make rope, wine and watex to drivk, oH and sugar, and leaves as tiles to cover bouses, flowers, for clothe 
&c. • An.ims...if. ec_tam Csino, ut quis legee ve1 crber polit sine lteriu ope luminls, • Cosmog. 
Imb. 1. cap: , ¢ . ;. cap. 1. hbcnt olls à nstur forrmttas è terr& extractas, shffi ries illis k flgulis factl 
co'ona. psces, ave, et onmes animantium species, a Ut olet hirtmdlaes et rmm 9r fror  
ttdiae mori, et potea reuat v '- A9ri 



superfides be bigger ttmn the sea's: or that ofArchimeœe be truc, the super- 
ficies ofall water is even Search the depth, and sec that variety ofsea- 
monstex- and fishes, mermaids, sea-men, horses, &c. which i affords. Or 
whether that. be true which Jordanas Brunus scoff at, that if God did hot 
detain it, the sea would overflow the earth by reason of his higher site, and 
which Josephus Blancanus the Jesuit in his interpretation on those mathema- 
tical places of Aristotle, foolish]y fears, and in a just tract proves by many cir- 
cumstauces, that in rime the sea will waste away the land, and ail the globe 
of the earth shall be covered with waters; r/sure teneatis, amici ? what vhe sea 
takes away in one place it adds in another. ]Iethinks he might rather sus- 
pect the sea should in rime be filled by land, trees grow up, carcasses, &c. that 
all-devouring tire, omnia devrans e consumens, will sooner cover and dry up 
the vast occan with sand and ashe.. I would examine the true sent of thaV 
texrcstrial Iparadie, and where Ophir was whence Solomon did fetch his 
gohl: from Peruaua, which some sui»pose , or that &urea Chersonesus, as 
minicus Niger, Arias ]Iontanus, Goropius, and others will. I would censure 
ail Pliay's, olinus', Strabo's, Sir John [andevill's, Olaus ]Iaguus', ]Iaïcus 
Polus' lies, correc those errors la navigation, reform cosmogmphical charts, 
and rectify lontudes, if it were possible; hot by the compss, as some dream, 
with .Iark Ridley in his ttise of maguetical bodies, cap. 43. ior as Oabeus, 
magnet, phil9s, lib. 3. cap. 4. fully resolves, there is no hope thence, 
woald observe some better means fo find them out. 
I would h:tve a c»nvenient place to go dowa with Orpheus, Ulysses, 
tïiercules, • Lucian's ]lenippus, at St. Patrick's purgatory, at Trophonius' 
den, tïiecla in Iceland, 2Ema in Sicily, to descend and sec what is donc in the 
bowels of the earth: do stones and metals grow there still ho corne tir tes 
fo be tdigged out ïrom tops of hills, as in out mosses» and marshes all over 
Ftrope? How corne they to d/g up fish bones, shells, beams, ironworks, many 
çathoms under grouud, au..| anchors in mountains far remote from ail sens. 
Anno 1460 at Bern in Switzerland 50 fathom deep, a ship was digged ou 
of a mountain, where they got metal ore, in which were 48 carcasses of men, 
with other merchandise. That such things are ordinarily tbund in tops ofhills, 
Aristotle insinuates in his meteor Pomponius bIela in his first book, c. d 
_»/dia, and familiarly in the Alps, saith °Blancamt the Jesuit, the like 
fo be seen: came this from earthquakes, or from Noah's flood, as Christians 
suppose, or is there a vicissitude of sea and land, as Anaximenes held of old, 
the mountains of Thessaly would become seas, and sens again mountains 
The whole world belike should be new moalded, wheu it seemed good fo thos 
all-commanding power and turned inside out, as we do haycocks in harvest, 
top to bottom, or bottom to top: or as we turn apples to the tire, more the 
world upon his centre; that which is under the poles nvw, should be trans "lated 
to the equinoctial, and that which is uuder the torrid zone to the circle arctic 
and antarctic another wh/le, and go be rvciprocally warmed by the sun: or if the 
worlds be infinite, and every fixed star a sun, with his compassing planers 
]runus and Campanclla conclude) cast three or four worlds into one 
one world make three or four new, as if shall seem to them best. To proceed, 
if the earth be 21,500 mlles in Pcompass, its diameter is ï,000 from us to 
our antipodes, and what shall be comprehended in all that space Vhat is the 
centre ofthe earth? is it pure element ony, as Aristotle decrees, inhabited (as 
«Paracelsus thinks) with creaturcs» whose chaos is the earth: or with fah-ies, 

VId. Pererum lu Gen. Cor.  Lapide, et sllos, k In ecyomsnti Tom. 2.  Frfl% llb. d 
œImp. Georus Me lib. de mem. Jali BiHi, &c. m Simien, OH. Bchiis cent ub teoe 
rcr  in quoe qurn octo vera iner chor c. Fc et eonchoe in montib 
repcunur.  Lib. de locis Mathcmat. Atot.  Or pl,  Pa]ci hvl which Aust» Laetan- 
and some others, heid of oid m rond m a treuer, a Li. d Zfiph et igt ey pcutra 



318 Cure of Melancholy. [Part. 2. ec. 2. 

as the woods and waters (according to him) are with nyml,hs , or as the air 
with spirits ? Dionisiodorus, a raathematician in •Pliny, that sent a letter ad 
superos after he was dead, from the centre of the earth, to signify what 
distance the saine centre was from the per.fivies of the saine, riz., 42,000 
stadiums, might have donc well to have satisfied all these donbts. Or is it the 
],lace of hell, as ¥irgil in his Eneides, Plato, Lucian, Dante, and others 
poetically describe it, and as many of out divines think? In good earnest, 
_.knthony Rusca, one of the society of that Ambrosian College, in lilan, in 
great volume de nferno, lib. 1. cap. 47. i. stiff in this tenet, 'ris a corporeal 
iire tow, cap. 5, l. 2. as he there disputes. " SVhatsoever philosophers writo 
(saith "Surius), there be certain mouths of he]l, and places appointed for the 
punishment of men's souls, as at ]ecla in Iceland, where the ghosts of dead 
men are thmiliarly seen, and sometimes talk with the living: God would bave 
such visible places» that mortal men might be certaitly informed, that there be 
such punishments after death, and le_ara hence to fear God." Kranzius, Dn. 
£ist. lib. 2. cap. 24. subscribes to this opinion of Surius, o doth Colerus, cap. 
12. lib. de mmortal. an»ue (out of the authority bclike of St. Ggory, 
I)rand, and the rest of the schoolmen, who derive as much from 2'Etna in 
Sicily, Lipari, tticra, and those sulphm'eous vulcanioEn islands) making Terra 
riel Fuego, and those frequent volcanoes in America, of which Acosta, lib. 3. 
cp. 2. th:t fe'fl mount ttecklebirg in lorway, an especial argument to 
prove it, "where lamentable screcches and howlings are continually heard, 
vhich strike a terror to the auditors; fiery chariots are commonly seen to bring 
in the souls of men in the likeness of crows, and devi]s ordinari]y go in and 
ot." Such another proof is that place near the Pyramids in E-Tpt , by Cairo» 
as well to confirm this as thc resurrection, mcntioned by "Kornmannus, mirac. 
mort.lib, l. cap. 38, Camer,rius, oper.$uc, cap. 3» ]redenbachius» p«reg, ter. 
$anct. and some others, "where once a year dead bodies arise about ]Iarcll, 
and walk, after awhile bide themsclves again: thousands of people corne 
yearly to sec them." But these and such like tcstimonies others reject, as 
fables, illusions ofspirlts, and they will bave no such local known place, more 
than Styx or 1)hlegcthon, Pluto's court, or that poetical Infernus, where Homer's 
sol was seen hanging on a tree, &c., to which they feràed over in Charon's 
boat, or went down at ttermione in Greece, compendiaria ad inferos via, which 
is the shortes cul, quia ullum à m,rtuis naulum vo loci exposcut (saith 
• Gerbelius), and besides there were no fees to be paid. SVell then, is it ])eH, 
or purgatory, as Bellarmine: or Limbus p«lrmr,, as Gallucius wi]l, and as 
l'usca will ({br theyhave ruade maps ofit), for Ignatius parlour Virgil, some- 
rime bishop of Saltburg(as Aventinus Anno 745. relates) by Bonifacius bihop 
of ]Kentz was therefore called in question, because he hcld antipodes (which 
they ruade a doubt whether Christ died for), and so by that means took away 
the seat of hell, or so contracted it, that it could bear no proportion to heaven, 
and contradicted that opinion of Austin, Basil, Lactantius, that held the e trth 
round as a trencher (whom Acosta aud common experience more largely con- 
fute), but hot as a ball; and Jerusalem vhere Christ died the middle of it; or 
I)elos, as the fabulons Greeks fcigned: hecause when Jupiter let two eaglea 
loose, to fly from the world's ends east and west, they me at ])clos. But that 
scruple of Bonifacius is now quite taken awayby our latter divines: Frunciscus 
Ribera, in cap. 14. Apocalyps. will bave hell a material and local fil in tho 
centre of the earth, 200 ltalian mi]es in diameter, as he defines it out of t.hoso 
words, JExivit sanguia de terrd--2aer stadia mille sexcenta, &e. But Le,iua 

• Lib. 2. c. 112. • Commentar. ad annum 1537. Qulcqnld dicunt l*hilosophl, qualam sunt Tartarl 
ostia, et loca puicndls animis destlnata, ut Ilecla morts, &c. ub! mortuortm apiritas vi»uutur, &¢. voluit 
l)et extare talia loca, ut diseant morta]es, g Ubi rnierabiles eJulantium voees adiuntur, qui auditoribtm 
horrorcm incutiunt hand -ulgarcm, &c. - Ex aepuichris apparent mense Martio et rttrsas 'b terrain 
c abscondtmt -&¢. • Deacrilt.Gr«. lib. 6. de Pelop. • Conclure IgnatiL 



Mem2 .] Diyress;on of Air. 19 

llb. 13. d mor'busdivinls, cap. 21. will bave this local hell far less, one Dutch 
mlle in dimeter, ail filled with tire and brimstone: beeause, as he thero 
demonstrates, that spaee, eubieally multiplied, will make a sphere able to hold 
eight bundred tlaousatxd millions of damned bodies (allowing eaeb body six foot 
square) which will abundantly sufliee ; Cùm certum sit, inoEuit, factâ subdu.e- 
tione, ton futur'os centies tille milliones d«mnandorum. ]3ut if it be no 
material tire (as 8co-ïhomas, ]3onaventure, Soneinas, Voseius, and others 
rgue) if nay be there or elsewlaere, as Keekerman disputes, Sltstem. 27teol. for 
sure somewhcre it i8, certum est allcubi, etsi d,'.finitus circulus non 
I will end the eoutroversy in "Au.tin's words, ".Better doubt of thing eoneealed, 
than to eontend about uueertainties, where Abxaham's bosom is, and hell tire:" 
• Vis à nsueis, à contenffosis uru2uam rwertitur; seree tlae meek, the eon- 
tentious shall never fin& Ifit be solid earth, 'tis the fountain of metals, waters, 
whieh by his inuate retaper turns air into water, whieh spring, up in several 
chinks, to moisten the earth'. superficies, and that in a tenfold proportion (as 
.kristotle bolds) or else tlaese fouutains eome direetly from the se, ly bseeret 
l,assage,an«l so ruade fresh again, by running through the bowelz of the ertb; 
and are eitber thick, rhin, hot, eold, as tbe marrer or minerals are by whieh 
they pass; or as Peter ]Iartyr, Ocean. 1)ecaà. lib. 9. a,d some others hold, 
from eabttudanee of rain that falls, or ri'oto that ambient het and eold, whieh 
alters that inward heat, and vo er conseçuens the generation of waters. Or 
else it may be full of wind, or a sulphureous innate tire, as out meteorologlsts 
inform us, whieh sometimes breakiug out, causetb those horrible emhquakes, 
wbich are so ïrcquent in thcse days in Japan, China, and oftentimes swallov 
up whole cties. Let I,ucian's ]lenippus eonsult with or ask of Tiresias, if 
you will hot believe i,bilosoi,het , he shall clea- ail your doubts when ho makes 
a second voyage. 
In the mean rime let us eonsider of that whicla is sub dio, and find out a truo 
cause, if if be possiUle, of such accidents, meteors, alterations, as happen abov 
grouud. Whence proeeed that v.riety of manuers, and a distinct eharaeter ( 
if were) to several nations  Sonne are wise, subtile, witty; others dull, sad and 
henry; some big, some little,  Tully de Fato, Plato itt Timoeo, Vegetius and 
]3odine prove at largo, 7netltod. ca29. 5. ome sort, and .ome bardy, barbarous, 
ivil, black, dun, white, i it from the air, frora the soli, itdtuenee of stars, or 
some other secret cause  Why doth Africa breed so many venomous beasts, 
Ireland none  Açlaens ou-ls, Crete noue  a Why bath Dahlis and Thebes no 
svallows (so Pausanias informeth us) as wcll as the test of Greece, "Ithaca no 
hares, Poutus assez, Scythia swine  wheneo cornes thiz variety of com- 
plexions, colours, plants, birds, beast., metals;peeuliar almost to every place 
Vhy so many thousand strange birds and beasts proper to America alone, 
Aeosta demand, lib. . cat7. 36. wcre they creaged in the six days, or ever in 
2¢9h's ark? iï tlaere, wby are they hot dispersed and fotmd in other eotmtries? 
If is a tbing (saith he) bath long held me in susinse ; no Greek, Latin, 
IIebrew ever heard of them before, and yet as differing from out Europeaa 
anima, as an egg and a chestnut; and whicb iz more, kine, horses, sheep, &e., 
till tho Spaniards brought them, were never heard of in those parts  ]Jow 
cornes it to pazs, that in the saine site, in one latitude, to sueh as are 
there should be sueh differenee of soli, complexion, eolour, metal, air, &e. Tho 
8paniards are white, and so are Italians, when as tho inhabitantz about 

• 3ielus club;tare de oeeulte, quam ltigare de incertie, ubl llamma fç &c. «S . 
la)'nol pr,t, lect. 55. in Apoe. tA lhey corne om the se eo they rern to the s agaln by secret 
passug  In 1 likdihd the Ctitn S ven lelf in the Euxe or o¢eau. « Senee qt. lib. 
equ &e. Th. l'enn, b. de vit. hem. prog, ca. uit. t Af Quito In Pe. PI aur« quam 
tet-r  t in tut fodin . g Ad Cput bonæ pei coloe sunt ulgerrimi : Si sol  eŒEr non H spani 
g lt quc u a',,  ed¢m titud% oeq¢e dtœe ab quator% OEi ad &Cr bi ad Bor t q 



Cure of«Iel«ncholy. [Pa. $.  , 

bonze spe are blackamores, and yet both alike distant frein the equator : nay, 
they that dwell in thc same parallel line with these negroes, as about the 
Straits of ]Iagellan, are white coloured, and yet some in Presbyter John's 
country in zEthlopia arc dun ; they in Zeilan and ]Ialabar parallel with them 
again black : ]lanaraotapa in Africa, and St. Thomas Isle are extreme hot, 
both under the line, coal black their inhabitants, whereas in Peru they are 
quite opposite in colour, very temperate, or rather cold, and yet both alike 
clevated. ][oscow in 53. degrees of latitude extreme cold, as those northern 
countries usually are, having one perpetual hard frost all winter long ; and in 
52. deg. lat. sometimes hard frost and ShOW all summer, as Button's Bay, &c. 
or by fits; and yet h England near the same latitude, and Ireland very moist, 
warm, and more temperate in winter than Spain, Italy, or France. fs it the 
sea that causeth this diffcrence, and the air that cornes from iti Why then is 
IIster so cold near the Euxine, Pontus, Bithynia, and all Thracei frigidas 
regiones ]Iaginus calls them, and yet their latitude is but 42. which should 
be hot : k Quevira, or Nova Albion in America, bordering on the sea, was so 
cold in July, that our mEnglishmen could hardly endure it. At lSToremberga in 
45. lat. all the sea is frozcn ice, and yet in a more southeru latitude than ours. 
lew England, and the island ofCambrial Colchos, which that noble gentleman 
Mr. Yaughan, or Orpheus junior, describes in his Golden Fleece, is in the saine 
latitude with Little Britain in France, and yet their winter begins hot till 
January, their spring till hlay; which search he accounts worthy of an astro- 
loger : is this from thc egterly winds, or melting of ice and ShOW dissolved 
within the circle arctic; or that the air being thick, is longer before if be warm 
by the sunbeams, and once heated like an oven will keep itself from cold  
Our climes breed lice, "lungary and Ireland ma/J audiunin this kind; corne 
to the Azores, by a secre irtue of that air they are instantly consumed, and 
all our European vermin almost, saith Ortelius. Egypt is watered with Nflus 
hot far from the sea, and yet there it seldom or nevcr rains: lhodes, an island 
of the saine nature, yields hOt a cloud, and vet our islands ever dropping and 
inclining tomin. The Atlantic Ocean is stil[subject tostorms, but in Del Zur, 
or J[ari pacifico, seldom or never any. Is it from tropic stars, ap_ert/o uar- 
$arum, in the dodecotemories or constellations, the moon's mansions, such 
aspects of planets, such winds, or dissolving air, or thick air, which causeth 
this and the like differences of heat and cold  Bodine relates of a Portugal 
ambassador, that coming from "isbon to *Dantzic in Spruce, found greater 
heat therethan atany timeat home. Don Garcia de Sylva, legateto Philip III., 
king of Spain, residingat Ispahan in Persia,1619, in his letter to the Marquess 
ot Bedmar, makes mention of greater cold in Ispahan, whose latitude is 31. gr. 
than ever he felt in Spain, or any part of Europe. The torrid zone was by our 
predecessorsheld to be uninhabitable, but by out modern travellers round fo be 
most temperate, bedewed with frequent tains, and moistening showers, tho 
breeze and cooling blasts in some parts, as Acosta describes, most pleasant and 
fertile A5ca in Chili is by report one of the sweetest places that ever the 
sun shined on, Olympus ter«œe, a heaven on earth : how incompambly do some 
extol Mexico in Nova ttispania, Peru, Brazil, &c., in some again hard, dry» 
sandy, barren, a very desert, and still in the saine latitude. ]Iany rimes we 
find great diversity of air in the saine country, by reason of the site to seas 

ub Presbytero Johan. habitant subfusci surir, in ZeiIau et Maiabar uigrI, roque dlstantes ab Equator 
eodemqtte coeli paralleio : cd hoc magis mirari qnis possit» in tota America nusqnam nigros inveniri proeter 
])tmcoa ,n loco Quareno illis dicto : quœe hu» colori eausa eflcien c.oehve n terroe ¢lual.ta an soli pro- 
prieras, sut ipsorum hommum muata ratio, aut omnia t 0rteliu in Africa Theat. h Regio quocttnque 
anni temporc temperatissima. OrteL blnltas Gatlioe et Italioe regone, molli tepor et benlgna quadam 
temperie prorsus antecellit, Jovi. i Lat. 5. DanubiL  Quevira, lat. 0.  In Sir Yra. Drake'oe 
voyage. - Lansius orat. contra Hungaros. • Lsbon, lat. 38. • Dantzic, lat. 5. • De nat. novi orbes 
hb. l. cap. 9. Sttavissimus omnium iocua, &c.  The amo vsr¢t¥ of w,ther Lod. Guiccirdlne obrvoe 
b¢twixt Lieg¢ and Ajax hot fro- dtnt, descript. Bclg. 



Jfem. .] D;uresson of Air. 

]aills or dales, want of waer, nature of soli, and the like: as in Spain Arm- 
gon is asloera e sicca, harsh and evil inhabited; Etremadura is dry, sandy, 
barren most part, extreme hot by reason of his pLins; Andalusia another 
paradise; Valencia a most pleasant air, and continua[ly green; so LU if about 
"Granada» on the one side fertile plains, on the other, continual show fo be 
seen all summer long on the bill tops. That their bouses in the Alps are threo 
quarters of the year covered with show, who knows hot? That Teneriffe is so 
cold ai the toi», extreme hot ai the bottom : ]Ions Atlas in A£rica, Libanus in 
Palestine, vith many snob, tantos .nter ardores .fis ivibu, "Tacitus call 
them, and ladzivilus, et. 2. fo[. 27. yields it tobe far botter there than in 
any part of Italy: 'ris tnm; but they are highly elevated, near the middlo 
region, and therefore cold, oh Taucara solariun vacliorura 'efractionem, as 
Serrarius answers, cors. in 3. cap. Josua qucest. 5. Abulensls, çust. 37. In 
the heat of summer, in the klng's palace in Eseurial, the air is most temperate, 
1)y reason of a cold blast which c«,mes from the snowy mountains of Sierra du 
Cadarama hard by, when as in Toledo it LU very hot: so in MI other eountrles. 
The causes of these alterations are commonly by reason of their nearness (1 
say) fo the middle region : but this diversity of air, in places equally situated, 
elevated and distant from the pole, ean hard]y be satLufied with that diversity 
of plants, birds, beasts, which is so familiar with us: with Indians, everywhere, 
the sun Lu equally distant, tlae saine veoEical stars, the me irradiatiuns of 
planers, aspects like, the saine nearness of seau, the saine superlïcies, the saine 
soil, or hot mach different. Under the equator itself, amongst the Sierras, 
Andes, Lanos, as tterrera, Laet, and «Acosta contend, there is tan mirabilis 
et inoTinata varietas, such varity of weathêr, ut meril ar2rceat ingenia, that 
no philosophy can yet find ont the true cause of it. When I consider how 
temperate it LU in oue place, saith *Acosta, within the tropie of Capricorn, as 
about Laplata, and yet hard by af Potosi, iii that saine altitude, mountainous 
alike, extreme cold; extreme hot in Brazil, &e. Hîc ego, saith Aeosta, Thilo- 
so2ohiam Arstotelis meteorologicara velwmentèr irrisi, cùm, OEc., when the sun 
cornes nearest to them, they bave great tempests, storms, thunder and light- 
ning, greut store of tain, show, and the foulest weather: when the sun is verti- 
cal, their rivers overflow, the morning fait and hot, noon-day cold and moist : 
alI which is opposite to us. ttow cornes it to pass? Scaliger, poetices, l. 3. c. 
16. diseourseth thus of this subjeet. How cornes, or wherefore is this temo 
tarin siebrum dipositio, this rash placing of stars, or as Epicurus will,fortuiti, 
or accidental ? Why are some big, some little, why are they so confusedly, 
nnequally sitnated in the heavens, and set so mueh out of order ? In aH other 
things nature is equal, proportionable, and constant; there bejustw dimenMones, 
et prudens partium disloositio, as in the fabrie of man, his eyes, ears, nose, face, 
members are correspondent, car non dera ccelo oTere omnium Tulcherrimo ] 
Why are the heavens so irregular, neque Taribus nolibus, neque paribus ittèr. 
va/Hs, whence is thLu difference 1)iversos (he coneludes) e.ffïcere /ocorur 
Genios, to make diversity of countries, soils, manners, customs, chamcters, and 
constitutions among us, ut quantum vicinia ad cha addat, sldra distra- 
]ant ad perniciem, and so hy this means]/uv/o vel monte distincti surd dissi- 
mlles, the saine places almost shall be distinguished in mahners. But this 
reason is weak and most insufficient. The fixed stars are removed sinoe 
Ptolemy's rime 26 tir. from the first of ASes, and if the earth be immovable, 
as their site varies,o should countriesvary, and diverse alterations wouId follow. 
But thLu we perceive hot; as in Tully's rime with us in Britain, coe.lum vixa 
foex]um, et in quo jeacil generantwr aubes, &c.» 'ris so stilL Wherefore ]3odine, 

• Magin. Quadus. • Hlst. llb. 5. t LIb. I I. csp. 'L 
urbea in tare teaui Iterwfllo utraque montoa &c. 

• Llb. 2. cap. 9. Cur. Potoel et Plat 



322 Cure of Melanclwly. [Part. 2. Sec 2. 

T/wat. nat. l/b. 2. and some others, will bave all these alterutlons and effects 
immediately to proceed from those gcnii, spirits, angels, which re and domi- 
neer in several places; they cause storms, thunder, lightning, earthquakes, 
ns, mpests, gt wind flooJs, &c., the philoeophe[ 
refer th divemity to the flucnce of that empyrn hven : for some y the 
ecoentcity of the sun is corne neamr to the trth than in Ptolemy's time, the 
viue therefore of all the veta is decyed, men grow less, &c. There 
that obe new motions of the heavcn, new stars, pania a, COlne, 
clouds, cM1 them what you wl, like those Medin, Burbonian, Atrian 
planers, laly detected, which do hot decay, but corne and go, rise higher and 
lower, bide and show themselv amongst the fixed statu, amongst the planet 
above and benth the moon, at set rimes, now neer, now fher 
together, under; as he that plays upon a ckbut by pling it upand dowa 
alm his tones and tunes, do they the soEtions and places, though to us un 
ced; and from those motions proceed ( they conceive) diverse alemtion 
Çlvius oenjectuoes otherwe, but they be but conjectuoe About Dam 
ia Coeli-Syri,  a YParadioe, by reon of the plenty of wam, 
caa , and the deserts of Arabia baen, because of rock rolling s of 
nds, and dl T mountains qd inasa (ith Adricomius)  hab 
p«os, sasos, prœedp, r et t  prœe se fco, "u- 
habitahle therefore of men, bir, bst¢ void of ail een trees, plan, ami 
fti, a vt rocky horrid wildernea, which by no art can be manur, 'ris 
evideng." Bohemia is cold, for that it lies all along to the noh. But why 
should it be ao hot in EDTt, or thero never tain  Wlff should thoso 
"en and northtem nds blow continually and consoEntly so long 
together, in some plie at set tes, one way still, in the dog«lays only : hero 
pettmal drought, there dropping showem; here fog mis, there a pleng 
air; here "terrible thuuder and lightng at such set 
ail the yea¢ there on  the me latitude, to the rt no auch thing, nay 
qge opposite is ¢o be found  Somegim (m in et) on ghe one side of tho 
mounts it is hot, on ghe other cold, here SHOW, there wind, th fini 
auch. Fromundus in his hleteom will excuse or solve all this by the 
motion, but when there  such diversity to such as 
how can thag position hold 
Who can give a n of this veity of meom, that it should rain 
stones, froc, mice, &c., rats, which they call Zemr in orway, and 
maniftly observed ( Iunsr is) by the inhabitan, to dend and 
dl th some fecent showers, and like so many locus, conse all thag 
een. Leo er speaka m much of lost¢ about Fez in Barba there ho 
infinite swama in the fields upon a sudden: so at Arl  France, 1553, 
the e happened by the me mischief, ail their s and frais were devou 
g iwo&m lmirat et coEne (as Valeriola, obs«. . l. 1. 
obm 1. relates) coelum itd orant, &c., he oencludes, "it cod hot bo 
from natural caes, they OEnnot imagine whenoe they corne, but tom hvem 
Are th and such crottes, corn, wood, ston, worms, wool, bloC, 
lifted up in the middle reon by the sunbms, as tBaraoeHus the physician 
spu, and thenoe let fMI with showers, or there engendered  tCorneH 
Gemma  of that opinion, they are there conoeived by oeltial influences: 
othem suppose they are immiately from d, or proes raised by a and 
ons of spots, wch e pces of the i fo whom BooE., 

ffi Terra ma]os homlnes nnne educat arque puillos. , av. |. I. e. 5. s Strabo. • As under the 
equ.ato.r in..m, an__y parts, shower here at such a time, wlnds at such a rime, thc Brise they ca]l it. b Ferd. 
oreua, D. lovu orbis lnscript, • Lapidatum est. LIvie. d Cosmog. lib. 4. cap. 22. HOe tempesta. 
tibus decidunt è nubibus feculentia, depactmturque more locutorum omnia virenti&. « Hort. Genial. 
An • terra sursum rapluntur & ,olo itcrumque cure pluviis proecipitaatur  kc. f Tare omlnosus prO- 
vcntus in naturale cttsas referri riz poe, • Coamog. c. 6. 



em. 3.] Digression of4ir. 323 

flet. subscrbes. In fine, of meteors in general, Aristotle's reasons are ex. 
l»loded by Bernardinus Telcsit, by laracelsus his principles con futed, and other 
causes assigned, sui, sulphur, mercury, in which his disciples are se expert, that 
they can alter elements, and separate at their pleasure, mako perpetual motions, 
net as (2ardan, Tasneir, Peregrin, by seine magnetical virtue, but by mixture 
of elements; imitate thunder, like Salmoneus, snow, hail, the sea's ebbing and 
flowing, give lire te creatures (as they say) without generation, and what nets 
I . lqonius Saluciensis and Kcpler take upon them te demonstrate that no 
meteors, clouds, legs, b vapeurs, arise higher than fifty or eighty mlles, and all 
the test te be pro'er air or element of tire : which *Oardan, *Tycho and *John 
l'en manifestly confute by refracgions and mny other arguments, there is no 
such elemeng of tir0 at all. If, as Tycho proves, the moon be distant frein us 
fifty and sixty semi-diameters of the earth: nd as Peter Nonius will hve it, 
the air be se angust what proportion is ther betwixt the other three elements 
ad it Te wht te serres it? Is if full of spirits which inhabit iç, as tha 
laracelsians and Platonists hold, the higher the more noble, full of birds, or 
a mere vacuum o no purpose It is much controverted between Tycho ]3rahé 
and Christopher {otman, the landgrave of ]=[esse's mathematician, in their 
astronomical epistles, whether if be the saine Dialhanum , clearness, matter of 
air and heavens, or two distinct essences] Christoi»her Rotman, John 
Jordauus Brunus, vith many et.ber late mathematicians, contend it is the sume 
and one marrer tbroughout, saving that the highcr still the purcr it is, and more 
subçile; as they find by experience in the top of seine hills in °merica; ifa 
man ascend, he faints instantly for want of thicker air te refrigerate the heart. 
Acosta, l. 3. c. 9. calls this mountain Periacacca in Fera; if makes men cast 
vomir, he saith, that climb it, as seine other of those Andes de in the deserts of 
Chili for rive hundred toiles togethe.r, and for extremity of cold te lose their fin- 
gers and toes. Tycho will bave two distinct matters of heaven and air; but te 
saytruth, with seine small qualification, they bave one and the self-saine opinion 
about the essence and matter of heavens; that it is net hard and impenetrable, 
as peripat.etics hold, transparent, ofa quluta essentia, "*but that it is penetrable 
and sof as the air itself is, and that the planers more in it, as birds in the air, 
flshes in the sea. This they prove by motion of comets, and otherwiso (though 
Claremontlus in his An titycho stiffiy 6pposes), which are net generated, as 
totle teacheth, in the aerial region, of a hot and dry exhalation, and se con- 
sumed : but as Anaxagoras and Democritus held of old, of a celestial marrer: 
and as »Tycho, «Eliseus, Roeslin, Thaddeus, Haggesius, Pena, Rotman, Fra- 
castorius, demonstrate by their progress, pamllaxes, refraetions, motions of the 
planers, which interfere and eut one another's orbs, new higher» and thea 
lower, as $ amongst tha rest, which sometimes, as "Kepler confirms by his 
own, and Tycho's accurate observations, cornes nearer the earth than the 
and is again etsoons aloft in Jupiter's orb; and °other sufficient reasons, fur 
above the moon : exploEling in the mean rime that element of fire, those fictitious 
first watery movers, those heavens I mean above the firmament, which Delrio, 
Lodovieus Imola, Ptricius, and many of the fathers affirm; those monstrous 
orbs of eccentrics, and Eccent'e Epicycles deserens. Vhich howsoever 
'tolemy, Alhasen, Vitellio, Purbachius, Maglnus, Clavius, and many of their 
associates, stifl]y maintain te be real orbs, ecccntc, eoncentric, circles oequant, 

 Cardan lth vapour fise 288 mEes frein the earth, Eratosthenes  mll. I De subtil. I. 2.  In 
«-mn.  Proefat. ad Euclid. Catop. oe lnudia blr that Hve eontiuall In the air, and 
tre never seen ou ound but d : Sec Uly Alderovand. Oithol. Seul. ezerc, cap. 9. • e 
dtqpt. Amer. = Epist. b. 1. p:.83. Ex qnib constat noe ver  et oether diaphanu e, ueo 
refracflon alinnde quàm  cro re nsari--Non durs sut lmpei s qd& ubtil motuique 
Planetam fllb ced. • In Promu. lib. 2. exempL quinque. « lu Theorl nova let. oelti 157. 
• Epit. Astron. lib. 4. , Ma]tu nè hlnc nsequnntnr bsurda, et 1 nihil a]in ter Come  oether 
,nimve q noE orb duct tntur, zd ipsum sucicnter refellt. Tychoæ oe. 
pe 107, 



Cure of J[elancltoy. [Part. 9. Sec. . 

&c.. are absurd and ridiculous. For who is se mad te Lhiuk that there should 
be o many circles, like subordinate wheels in a dock, ail impenetrable and 
hard, as they feign, add and subtract at their pleasure. «[aginus makes elevcn 
heavens, subdivided into their orbs and circles, and ail too little te serve 
particular appearances: Fracastorius, seventy-two homocenta4cs; Tycho Brahd 
licholas Ramerus, Helisoeus xeslin, bave peculiar hypotheses of their own 
inventions; and they be but inventions, as most of them acknowledge, as we 
adroit of equars, tropics, colures, circles arcLic and antarctic, for doct4ne's 
ake (though 11amus thinks them ail unnecessary), they will bave them 
supposed only for method and order. Tycho hath feigned I kuow net how mauy 
subdivisions of epicycles in epicycles, &c., te calculate and express the moon's 
motion: but when ail is donc, as a supposition, and no otherwise; net (as he 
holds) hard, impenetrable, subtile, transparent, &c.,or making music, as Pytha- 
goras maintained of old, and ober Constantine of late, but still, quiet, liquid 
open, &c. 
If the heavens then be penetrable, as these men deliver, and no lets, it wero 
net amiss in this aerial progress te make wings and fly up, which that Turk in 
]usbequius ruade his fellow-citizens in Constantinople believe he would perform: 
and seine new-fangled wits, methinks, should seine rime or other find out : or 
if that may net be, yet with a Galileo's glas, or Icaromenippus' wings in 
Lucian, command the spheres and heavens, and e what is doue amongst them. 
,Vhether there be generation and corlption, as seine think, by reason of ethe- 
rem comets, that in Cassiopeia, 1572, that in Cygne, 1600, that in Sagittariu.s, 
1604, and many like, which by no means Jul. Cœesar la Galla, that Italiau 
philosopher, in his physicaI disputation with Galileus, de p/tenoraenia in orbe 
lunce, cap. 9. will adroit: or that they were created ab inltio, and show them- 
selves at set rimes: and as *Helisoeus Roeslin contends, bave poles, axle-trees, 
circles of their own» and regulax motions. For, non pereunt, sed .minuuntur et 
diparent, =Blancanus holds they corne and go by fits, casting thcir tails still 
frein the sun : seine of them, as a burning-g "lass projects the sunbeams frein it 
though net always neither: for sometimes a cornet casts his rail frein Venus, as 
Tycho obrves. And as • Helisoeus loeslin of seine others, frein the moon, 
with little stars about them ad stuporem astrononwrum; cure multis aliis 
coeIo m[raculis, all which argue with those ]Iedicean, Austrian, and ]3irbouian 
tars, that the heaven of the planets la indistinct, pure, and open, in which tho 
planets more certis legibus ac metis. Examine likewise, An coelum sit cola- 
rature ? ,Vhether the stars be of that bigness, distance, as astronomers relate» 
se many in "number, 1026, or 1725, as J. Bayerus; or as seine labbins» 
29,000 myriads; or as Galileo discovers by his glasse¢ infinite, and that via 
/actea, a confused light of small star like se many halls in a door: or ail in 
row, like those 12,000 isles of the hfaldives in the Indian ocean? Whether 
the least visible star in the eighth sphere be eighteen times bigger than tho 
earth; and as Tycho calculates, 14,000 semi-diameters distant frein 
,Vhether they be thicker pat¢s of the orbs, as Aristotle de[ivers: or se many 
habitable worlds, as Democritus ? Whether they bave light of their own, or frein 
the sun, or give iight round, as Patritius discourseth An œequ$ dictent à 
centre mundi] Whether light be oftheir essence; and that light be a substance 
or an accident ? Whether they be hot by themselves, or by accident cause heat 
Whether there be such a precession of, the equinoxes as Copernicus holds, or 
that the eighth sphere more ? A n bene philosoThentur , l:t. Bacoa and J. Dee, 
Aphor£w de multiplication specierum  Whether there be any such images 
ascending with each degree of the zodiac in the east, as Aliacensis feigas 

• In Theorlds plnetaram, three above the llrmarnent, which ail wlse men rejeet. , Theor. novs eoelest. 
Meteor. = Lib. de f==bric1 mundi, • Lib de Cometl • An ail; cruz et nubecu/s h coe1  o]tu 
atu'ctlcams quod ex Corsttllo rrt atriutt. 



açua super cœe[«m ? as latritiis and the schoo|men will, acrystalllne °watery 
]mcaven, which is bccrtainly tobe understood ofthat in the middle region? for 
otherwise, if at lToah's flood the water came £,m thence, if must be above a 
hundred years talliag down to us, as some calculate. Besicles, ln terra sis 
animata ? which someso co,fidently bclieve, with Orpheus, Hermes, Averroes, 
from which all other soulsof men, beasts, devils, plants, thes, &c., are derived, 
and iato which again, after some revolutions, as Plato in his Timoeus, Plotinus 
in his Enneades more largely discuss, they return (see Chalcidius and 
nius, Plato's commentators), as ail philosophical rentrer, in materiamprîrar. 
Ke.p!erus, Patritius, and some other Neoterics, have in part revived this 
opinion. And that every star in heaven bath a soul, angel or intelligence 
fo animate or more it, &c. Or to omit all smaller controversies, as matters of 
less moment, aud examine that main paradox, of the earth's motion, now so 
lauch in cluestion: Aritarchus Sam[us, Pythagoras maintaiued if of old, 
I)emocri tus and many of tlmir holars, I)idacus As t unica, Anthony Faarinus, 
a Carmelite, and some other commentators, will have Job to insinuate as 
mach, cap. 9. ver. 4. Qui commove$ terrar dz loco suo, &c., and that this one 
place of scripture makes more for the earth's motion than all the othcr provo 
against it ; whom Pineda coafates most contradict. Howsoever, if is 
vived siuce by Copernicus, hot as a trath, but a supposition, as he himself 
coafesseth in the preface to pope Nicholas, but nov maintained in good 
earnest by Calcagninus, Telesit«, Kepler, Pwtman, Gilbert, Digges, Galileo, 
Campanella, and especially by "Lansbergias, atur, 'ationi, et verltat$ 
consenaneum, by Origauus, and some others of his followcrs. For if the 
earth be the centre of the world, stand still, and the hcavens move, as the 
most received opinion is, which they call mrdimtam coli disposiionem, 
though stiffiy maintained by Tycho, Ptolemeus, and their adherents, u/s 
furor ? &c., vhat fury is that, saith bDr. Gilber, saiz animos, as Cabeus 
notes, that shall drive the heavens about wlth such incomprehensible celerity" 
in twenty-four hours, when as every point ofthe firmament, and in the equator, 
nust necds move (so Clavi,s calculates) 176,660 in one 246th part of au 
hour: and an arrow out of a bow must go seven rimes about the earth whil.t 
a man can say an Ave ]Iaria, if it keep the saine space, or compass the earth 
1884 rimes i,l an bout, which is supra humanam cogitationem, beyond humaa 
co,,ceit: ocyor etjaculo, et ventos veçuante sagitta. .4 man could hot ride so 
much ground, going 40 mlles a day, in 290 years, as the firmament goes in 
23 hours : or so much in 2.03 yeirs, as the firmament in one minute : 
increz//b//« v/etr: and the  pole-star, which to out thi nking, scarce moveth out 
of its place, goeth a bigger circuit than the sun, whose diameter is much larger 
than the diameter of the heaven of the sun, and 20,000 semi-diameters of th 
earth from us, vith the test of the fixed stars, as Tycho proves. To avoid 
therefore these impossibilities, they ascribe a triple motion to the earth, the 
suu immovable in the centre of the whole world, the earh centre of the moou, 
alone, above  and  beneath , , $, (or as 'Origanus and others will, ono 
single motion to the earth,still placed in the centre of the world, which ismore 
probable,) a single motion to the firmament, which moves in 30 or 26 thou- 
sand years : and so the planers, Saturn in 30 years absolves his sole and proper 
motion, Jupiter in 12, Mars in 3, &c., and so solve all appearances better 
than any way whatsoever : calcalate all motions, be they in longum or latur, 
direct, statiÇnary, retrograde, asccnt or desccnt, without epicycles, intricato 



326 Cre of Mdanclwly. [Part. 2. Sea $. 

ecccntrics, &c., rectius commodiusqe yer unicum moum oe, ith nsber- 
gius, much more oertMn than by those A1phonse, or any such bles, which 
are grounded om those other supposition. d 'ris true they y, acoerdg 
to optic pncipl the visible appearac of the plets do so indd answer 
to their maitud and orbs, and corne nzt to mathematical observations 
d preoedent oelculations, there  no repugnancy to phil aoms, beuse 
no peaetmtion of orbs; but then between the sphere of Sature and the 
men L there  such an credible and vt "spe or dtanoe (7,000,000 semi- 
dmete of the earth,  Tycho cu]at) void of sta : and bid, they do 
so enhanoe the bie of the st, enlarge their circuit, to solve tho ordinm T 
objections or parallaxes and retrogrdations of the xed staz, that altération 
of the pol elevation  veral places or latitude of citi here on rth (for, 
y they, if a man's eye were in the firmament, he shod not at all discern thaç 
grot annal motion of the earth, but it wod still appear putum indi 
bi& and em to be fixed in one place, of the me bigness) that it is quito 
opsite  reason, to natural phosophy, and all out  absurd  spropor- 
tional (so some will) as prodigio,  that ofthe s's soEt motion of hvens. 
But hoco, to grant this their tenet of the rth's motion:  the orth 
more, it is a planet, and shin to them in the moon, and to the other planet- 
ary inhabitants, the moen and they do to us upon the ealoE.h : but she sho 
doth,  Galileo,-Kepler, and others prove, and then p consns, the rt 
of the planets are inhabited,  well as the moon, which he grants in his dis- 
sertation with Galileo's Nu Sir "" that there be Jovial and Sature 
inhabitants,"&c.,andthose several plane have their seveml moons about the 
 the rth bath he, as Galileo bath already eced by  gs : Vfour 
about Jupiter, two about Satu (though Siti the Florentine, Founius 
Lioetus, and JuL Coesarla Galla OEv at it) yet Kepler, the empcror's mathe- 
matician, confirms out of his experience tt he w  much bythe me help, 
and more about Ma, Venus, and the rest they hope  find out, peradventum 
eveu amongst the fixed star, wlfich Brun and Bruti have alrody averred. 
Then (I y) the earth and they be planers alike, iabited alike, moved about 
the s the common oentre of the world alike, and it may be those two 'een 
chHdren which «Nubrigensis spks of in his rime, that fell n'oto hven, 
om thence ; and that mo stone that fe from heaven in Artl(s rime, 
olp. 84, anno rtio, ad Calmoe a, recorded by ertius and othe 
or Ancile or bucer  çs te, recordcd by Ft Vc may hkewe 
in with CampancHa and Brun, that which Pythagor, Arrchu 
Samitm, Heraclit, Epic, hIes, Demrit Leucipp maintaed 
their ages, there be "inite worl, and inite eart or syste, in 
«tr«, which 'Eebi collec out of their tenets, because infini sta and 
planers 1Æe unto th of o which me stick not still to mtain and pub- 
cly defend, sabu eo innabium munira in 
ambzne» :: a (Aria Hl. Londiis phi&s. Eur.) For  the tire- 
ment be of sueh an inoemparable bis,  theso Courrai gnts 11 bave 
it, infinum, a i,fin promum, so vt d fl of imemble sta 
beg JuriSte  extent, one above another, some higher, somo lower, omo 
rer, some hrtr o and so ar mder, aad thoso o he d gtt, ias 

ffi Wlc rnay be fll of planers, prhap, to  unsn,  tho$e about $upl, . u Luna circum- 
tts Pue quum si nneum t  in Lmm vivent crr, et m P]etum glubis 
sui ruut circar ex qua coniderion de m lnoe ma probabflite nclud quod 
et Tychonl Brah, è ola considtione vtit eom um ft. Kepl. d. eum. n. id. f. 29. 
 Temperareuon poum qu ex lnvent tu c montre, ve non absimil non m  Lun d etlam 
In Jov et rellqu Pnet inl . Kep]. fo. . Si non nt ao  Jovi globo, qui noter 
ranm hsnc vetatem o1 c bono quatuor iHi Ple Jovem ccmitant  • Some OE o 
above Jupiter I have sn mylf by the belp of a gl eight fect long. q Rer Ang]. 1. L c. 
viridib pue ti OE m v ut Br  haic nosoe oe. • bro Cont. 
p.. 



em. .] Dgresion oy A if. $27 

rnuch tha ff the whole sphere o aurn, and all hat is neluded in i, 
r« (as Fromun&m of ouvin iu h rac»  mnm 
argué) ehatur in s,  à bls non porcS, m imntan t d- 
taia bsr lurem  fixas, soE bsstar puti, &c. If o world be 
respect, why may we noç suppo a plurality of worl, tho infinite 
vhible h thefirment to be  my suns, with paaicular fix oeutres; to 
bave likewi their subordinate planets,  the sun bath h dancing stiH round 
him which Cardinal Cnus, Waarinus, Btnus, and some othe bave 
held, and some stffi mainhin, A ni, A rWtd innritœe, 
httion se, ssfsan, &c. Though they seem clo fo us, thcy 
infinitely distant, and  p co, they are infiuite habible worl: 
what hindersl XV@ hould hOt an iufinite use (as d is) produoe infito 
effeel as ie. Hil Deer. his. disput: Kepler ([ eonfess) will by no 
mea adroit of Brunus's infinite worlda, or that the fixed stars should be so 
many nz, xvith their eompsing planers, yet the sMd « Kepler beween jest 
and earnest in his perspoetives, lunar geography  a ærntio suo, ds't. 
nu. . ems in par to agree with this, and partly fo oentradic; for 
the pnets, he yields them o be inhabited, he doubts of the srs i an4 
so doth Tycho in  tronomical episfles, out of a oensideration of the 
vtity and greatns» break out into some such le speech, that ho will 
never beheve those great and huge bodies were made to no oher  tn 
this that we perceive, to flluminate the ea a point oensible in respecg of the whole. But who shMl dweH  the vt bodi, earths, worlds " ff 
they be bitedg rational crtures"  Kepler demands, "or bave they 
sou to be vedI or do they bit a better part of the world tn we do 
re we or they lords of the wor]dg nd how are ail things ruade for manY' 
 est dum hu pedire, e ffuod ,dum omn çtoe huc rtbmnt 
pra lem : 't hard fo determine: this only he proves, ha we are 
Troeclp mundi ai,tu,  the bes pl, best world, nrt the hear of the 
sun. rThom Campanella, a CMabriau mon in  seoend bk de 
rum, cap. 4, subseribes  this of Kepleri tt they are habited he 
tainly supposeh, but with xvhat kind of crt he cao y, he labours 
to prove it by ail means: and that here are infie worhls, ving de an 
apolo for Gaeo» and dedioetes th tene of   arclal Gajetantm. 
Othem freely spea routier, and would persuade the wodd (as rin 5Iar 
n compls) that out modcrn dignes are o voee and rigid agait mathe- 
matieians iguort and peevish,  not admitting the truc demonstrations 
and oerin oeations, that hey tyrannise over art» scienoe, and l plosophy» 
in suppressing their labou (ith Pomnati), forbidding them go wri, fo 
speak a truth ail to tan,tain their superstition, and for the profit's k¢ 
tbr those plaoes of Scripture which oppugn it, they ll bave spoken ad capture 
vuOi, and if ghtly demtood, and favourably inrprêted, nogai aH agat 
it: and  Otho Cmau, Astvol. cap. 1. part. 1. not, ny t divines» 
besides Porphius, Pmclus, Simplici, and tho heahen philophers 
t  oeta veai, Alosis Gen muam pop  cuju 
at,  gè ab h vd Phisoplm edit@ne, i»i»tu»: for 
ZIoses makes mention but oftwo planets  and , no four elements» &¢ Rd 
more on him»  «Grossius d Ji But to proceed» theoe d such hke 

.Kepler fol. 2. dlssert. Quld tmpeàit quln credamus ex hls inltils, plures allos mundos detegendos, vel 
Demoertto placnit) infinitos | "Lege Somnium Kepieri, edit. ifltS, zQuid igitur inquiea, mi sint 
In coelo plaren globi, aimiles nOStToe telluria, an cern illià ccrtabimus, quia meliorem mundl plagam teaea/ 
i nobilIores iliorum giobi, nos nou sumus creaturarum rationalium nobilissimi: quomodo igitur omnia 
proltex hominem ! quomodo uo« domiui opé-tutu Dei ! Kep|er. fol. 29. • Franckfortn ¢iuarto» 1620. ibid. 
16"22. • Pr'oefat. in Comment. in Genesin. Modo suadent Theolog0s, summ, Ignoratione versari, veras 
cientias admittere no]L et tyrannidem exercere ut eo li dogmatibus s auperfitiouibu. et rellKione 



irolent and bold attempts, prodiglous paradoxes, inferences must needs folle,v, 
if if once be granted, which 1Rotman, Kepler, Gilbert, Diggeus, Origanus, 
Çralileo, and others, maintain of the earth's motion, that 'tis a planer, and 
chines as the moon doth, which contains in it "bboth land and sea as the moon 
doth :" for se they find by their glaises that J[acu inface I, unce, "the 
brighter parts are earth, the dusky sea," which Thales, Plutarch, and Pytha- 
goras formerly taught: and manifestly discern hills and dales, and such like 
concavities, if we may subscribe te, and believe Galileo's observation But te 
avoid these paradoxes of the earth's motion (which the Church of Home bath 
]ately condemned as hereical, as appears by Blancanus and Fromundus's 
writings) our later mathematicians haro rolled all the stones that may bo 
stirred: and, te solve all appearances and objections, bave invented new hypo- 
theses, and fabricated new systems of the worhl, out of their own Dedaloean heads. 
Fmcastorius will have the earth stand still, as beforo; and te avoid that suppo- 
sition of eccentrics and epicycles, he bath coined seventy-two homocentrics, te 
solve all appeamncea lqicholas Ramerus will bave the earth the centre of the 
world, but movable, and the eighth sphere immovable, the rive other planets te 
move about the sun, the sun and moon about the earth Of which orbs Tycho 
]3rahé purs the earth the centre immovable, the stars immovable, the rest with 
Ramerus, the planers without orbs te wander in the air, keep time and distance, 
truc motion, according te that virtue which God hath given them. dHclLsoeus 
Roeslin censureth both, with Copernicus (whose hypothesis de terree m9tu, phi- 
lippus Lansberus bath lately vindicated, and demonstrated with solid ar.u- 
ments in a just volume, Jansonius Coesius "hath illustmted in a sphere). The 
said Johannes Lansbergius, 1633, bath since defended his assertion against all 
the cavils and calumnies of Fromundus his Anti-Aristarchus, Baptista hlorinu, 
and Petrus Bartholinus: Fromundus, 1634, bath written against him again, 
J. Rosseus of Aberdeen, &c. (sound drums and trumpets), whilst Roeslin (I say) 
censures all, and Ptolemeus himself as insufficient: one offends against natural 
philosophy, another against optic principles, a third against mathematical, as 
net answering te astronomical observations: one purs a great space between 
Saturn's orb and the eighth sphere, another too narrow. In his own hypo- 
thesis he makes the earth as before the universal centre, the sun te the rive 
npper planets, te the eighth sphere he ascribes diurnal motion, eccentrics, and 
epicycles te the seven planets, which bath been foanerly exploded; and se, 
iDttrn vitan stulti via in corttraria currmt, tas a tinker stops one hole and 
makes two, he correct them, and doth worse himself: reforms some, and mars 
ail. In the mean time, the world is tossed in a bL'mket amongst them, they 
hoist the earth up and down like a ball, make it stand and go af their plea- 
sures." one saith the sun stands, another he moves; a third cornes in, takîn$ 
them ail at rebound, and lest there should any paradox be wanting, he finds 
certain spots and clouds in the sun, by the help of glasses, which multiply(saith 
Keplertm) a thing seen a thousand times bigger in plano, and makes if corne 
thirty-two times nearer to the eye of the beholder: but see the demonstration 
of this glass in • Tarde, by means of which, the sun must turn round upon his 
own centre, or they about the sun- Fabricius purs only three, and those in the 
sun : Apelles 15, and those without the sun, floating like the Cyanean Isles in 
the Euxine  Tarde, the Frenchman, bath observed thirty-three, and those 
neither spots nor clouds, as Galileo, Epist. ad IZal.serum, supposeth, but planets 
oenoentric with the sun and hot far from him with regular motions. Christo- 



Icm. 3./ 29resson ,fAir. 3_09 

pher Shemer, a Gcrman Suisser Jesuit, Urscêt Rosâ, divid them lit 
afus, and will bave them to bc fixed inSol : and to absolve their 
peodical and replat motion in twenty-seven or tweuty-eight dys, hohling 
withM the rotation of the sun upon his centre; and all are so confident, 
they bave made hemes and tbles of their motions. The  Hollander, in 
ds«tatiuM cure Jpel, oensus all; and thus they digree amongt 
themselv, old and new. ieconcflable  their opinions ; thus Arstarclm, 
thus Hipparchus, thus Ptolemeus, thus Albateginus, th Alfraganus, 
Tycho, t.hus merus, thus Roeslinus, thus Fracastori, thus Cornicus 
h herents, thus Clavius and Maginus, &c., th their followers, vaLv and 
determine of the celestial orbs and bodi: and so wht these men connd 
about the sun and moon, le the philosophem in Lucian, it  to be feared, 
the sun and moon will hide themoelv, and be  much offended   she was 
with those, and send aaothcr msenger to Jupiter, by some nev-fangle,l 
IoEromenippus, to mke aa end of aH thos curious controversies, and seatr 
them ahroud. 
But why should the sun and moon be m]gry, or tuke exceptions af mathe- 
matieians and philosophers when  the like measure  offed unto , 
hielf by a compy of theologtem: they are hot connted fo soe thc 
and moon, measure thcir site and biggt distance in a glas% cMcula their 
motion or visit the moon in a ptieal fiction, or  dream,  he snith,  
¢adn  morab hune im, neque c sœec uurtum prlus, quid 
i Lun rno hoe cte gtum sit exporta, et quo  u»m ni somni- 
ao poenit, "but he and Menippus: or  Peter Cuneus, Bo o9am , 
nih eorum q scripturus m, verum es scitote, &c., q c fta, jkt 
, divin, r sti ntum  iGenii causa, hot in jezt, but in good earnet 
these gigantical Cyclops ll transcen,1 spheoes, heaven, star, into that empy- 
rean heaven; sr higher yet, and sec what God himself doth. The Jewish 
Tudists take npon them fo determine how God spends his whole tim 
aometim playing with Leviathan, mmetim overseeg the wod,1, &c., liko 
Lueian's Jupiter, that snt much of the year in paintiag butterflie 
and seeing who offered crifiee; telling the ho when if should tain, how 
much snov should fMI in such a pl, which way the wind shouhl stand in 
Greece» which way in Africa. In the Turks' Alcoran, Mahomet is taken up fo 
heaven, upon a Pegus sent on purp for him,  he lay  bed with hh wife, 
and afer me confemnce with God is set on ground again. The pagans paht 
him and mangle him after a thousand çhions; our h¢tioe, hismuti, and 
aomo schoolmen, eome hot  behind : some paint him in the habit of an old 
man, and make maps ofheaven, number the angels, tell their several « names, 
offis: some deny God d h providence, some take h office out of his 
hand, will "bind and loose in hven, relee, paMon, tbrgive, and  quarter- 
mterwith him; some call his Godhead  question, spower, and attributes, 
his mercy, justice, proden: they wfll know with "Cecilius, why go and 
bad are punished together, war, rires, plax, infest ail ike, why wicked men 
flouh, good are poor,  prison, sick, and iii at eau. Why doth he surfer so 
mach mihief and evil to be donc, ff he be * able to help  why doth he 
st good, or resist bad, reform out wfih» if he be hot ¢he author of siu, and 
let such enormities be commited» unworthyof hh knowledge, wdom, govern- 

It Lu:dtm. laf. An. 1612. ! e se subducant, et reliera staoue decm parent, ut riositatis finem 
cint. l ,lcrcules tuam fldem Satyra Menip. et. 1608. e,, 1 8hall nov enter upon a bold and 
memorable exploit; une never fore ttempted in this ge. [ hall explain this night's transactions in tle 
kingdom of the moon, a ple where no one h yet aive ve in his drame" * rdi venM Satyr. 
Menip. An. 1612. p Putnl Crons sic cipi or  Lli Satyre In a dream. « Ttemi 1. de 7. 
cund. • Tbey bave fetched T"  out of helÇ d canonne for eaiu whom they fi. * la 
MinUtie. elne delee tempt nt 1o ecra et pron nom et malotru fa Juxt% nullo 
erdie  flunK soutslegib forma domat, t V  vel impoten q peccam permitfi c. 



330 Cure of Melanc,.ly. [Part. 2. ec. 2. 

ment, mercy, and providence, why lets he ail thing. be done by fortune and 
chance Others as prodigiously incluire after his omnipotency, 
plures smiles creare deos ? art ex scaraboeo deum  &c.,  quo demun 
sacrificuli ? Sonne, by vlslons and revelatio, take upon thera te be familiar 
• vith God, and te be of privy council with him; they will tell how raany, and 
who shall be saved, when the world shall corne te an end, what year, what 
month, and whatsoever else God hath reserved unto himsell and te his angels. 
Sonne again, curious fantasties, will know raore than this, and inquire with 
 Epicurus, what God did belote the world was raade? was he idle] Where 
did he bidel What did he make the world ofl why did he then make it, and 
net belote] If he raade it new, or te bave an end, how is he unchangeable, 
infinite, &c. Sonne wfll dispute, cavil, and object, as Julian did of old, whora 
Cyril confutes, as Sitnon ]k[agus is feigned te de, in that x dialogue betwixt 
him and Peter: and Ammonius the philosopher, in that dialogical disputation 
• vith Zacharias the Christian. If God be infinitely and only good, why should 
he airer or destroy the Wol-ld? if he confound that which is good, how shall 
himself contin,e good] If he pull it down because evil, how shall he be free 
frein the evfl that made it evil' &c., with raany such absurd and brain-sick 
questions, intricacies, froth of human wit, and excrements of curiosity, 
vhich, as ourSaviour told his incluisitive disciples, are net fit for them te know. 
But hoo ! I ara new gone quite out of sight, I ara almost giddy with roving 
about: I could have ranged iarther yet ; but I am an infant, and net table te 
dive into these profundities, or sound these depths; net able te understand, 
rauch less te discuss. I leave the contemplation of these things te stronger 
vits, that have better abflity, and happier leisure te wade into such philoso- 
phical mysteries; for put case I were as able as willing, yet what tan one man 
do I will conclude with "Scalige; _hreçuoxluam os hominvs sumus, sedpartes 
hominis, ex omnibus aliquid fieri pote.st, idte non magnum ; ex singulis ferk 
niMl. 13esides (as Nazianzen bath it), Deus latere nos multa voluit: and with 
Seneea, cap. 35. de Co»re£is, Quid miramur tare vara mundi spe.etaoxla non 
teneri certis leglbus, nondum intelligi ? multoe sunt gentes quoe tantum de facia 
sciunt coelum, renier tempus fortasse, quo ista quce nunc latent in lu, cern dies 
extrahat et longioris cevi diligentia, ulta cetas non su.OTcit, posteri, &c., when God 
sees lais time, he wfll reveal these mysteries to raortal raen, and show that 
orae few at last, hieh he bath coneealed so long. For I ara of "his raind, 
that Colunnbus did hot find out Ameriea by chance, but God direeted him 
at that tirae to discover it: if was contingent to hira, but neeesry to God 
lae reveals and eonceals to whom and when he will. And which one said of 
history and records of fornner times, « God in his providence, to check out 
presumptuous inquisition, mTaps up ail things in uncertaiuty, bars us frora long 
antiquity, and bounds our seareh within the compass of sonne few ages:" many 
good things are lost, which our predeeessors raade use of, as Pancirola will 
better infornn you; raany new things are daily invented, to the public good 
so kingdoms, men, and knowledge ebb and flow, are hid and revealed, and 
when you bave ail doue, as the Preacher eoncluded, N/h// est sub so/e novura 
(nothing new unde» the sun). But nny raelancholy spaniel'a quest, my garao 
is sprung, and I must suddenly corae down and follow. 
Jason Pratensis, in his book de nwrbis capitis, and chapter of melancholy, 
bath these words out of Galen, "'Let them conne to rae to know what meat 
and drink they shall use, and besicles that, I sill teuch thera what retaper of 
 Quid feclt Deu ante mnndum creatum ? ubl vtxlt otlosu  uo ubjeet, &e. x Llb. 3. recog. Pet. 
cap. 3. Peter answera by the simile of an egg-shell, whieh la eunningly mage, yet of lleceaaity to be 
g is th¢ orld, e., that the egcellent tate ot heavea might be triade manifest, • Ut me laluma levat, 
• ic grave mergit onu. • Exercit. 184. • Laet. deacript, occid. Indioe. t Daniel princilio 
hi$torioe, • Venisnt ad me sudituri quo esculento, quo item poculento utl debent, et proeter alimentm,I 
tpsum potumque, ventos lpsos ttocebo» iem sëri ambieni temperiem» lnuper reglone qu. eligere 



ambient air t]ey s]all mae c]oice of, wbat wind, v]at countries they .hall 
choese, and what avoid." Out ofwhich lines of his, thus much we may gather, 
that to this cure of melancholy, amongst other thin, the rectification of air 
necessarily required. This is performed, either in reforming natural or arti- 
icial air. laturai is that which is in out election to choose or avoid : and 'ris 
either genera], to countries, provinces; particular, to cities, towns, villages, or 
private bouses. What harm those extremities ofheat or cold do in t]is malady, 
I bave formerly shown: the medium must needs Le good, where the air is tem- 
perate, serene, quiet, free from bogs, fens, mists, all nanner of putrefaction, 
coutagious and filthynoisome srnells. The eEgyltians by ail geographers are 
conmended to Le lti[cres, a conceited and merry nation : 
fo no other cause than the serenity oftbeir air. They that lire in the Orcades 
are registered by °Hectr Boethius and Cardan, to Le of fait complexion, long- 
lived, most healthful, frce fm ail manncr of infirnities of body and mind, l,y 
tenon of a sharp puriïying air, which cornes from the sea. The ]oeotians in 
Greece were du]] and heavy, crassi oi, by res.on oi a foggy air in which thcy 
lived, « oeot in crasso jurares aër am, Attica nost acute, pleasant, 
refilled. The cline changes hot so much customs, manners, wits (as Aristot|e 
2o[i. /b. 6, cep. 4. Vegetius, Plato, Iodine, fh(. ]/s. cap. 5. bath provc¢l 
af large) as con»titutions of their bodies, and temperture itsel£ In ail par- 
ticular provinces we see it confirned by experience, as the air is, so are tLe 
ihabitants, dull, heavy, witty, subtle, ncat, cleanly, clownish, sick, and sound. 
Iu Périgord in Frauce the air is subtle, healthful, seldom any plague or con- 
tagious disease, but hilly and barreu: the men souud, nimble, and lusty; bug 
in some parts of Guienne, full of moors and marshes, the people àull, heavy, 
and subject fo muy iufirmities. ,Vho sees hot a great difference between 
Surrey, 8ussex, and Romney lIarsh, the wolds in Lincolnshire and the fens. 
tte therefore that loves his health, if his ability will grive him leave, must often 
shift places, and make choice of such as are wholesome, Ialeasant, and con- 
renient : there is nothing better than change of air in this malady, and gene- 
ra]ly for health to wander up and down, as those t Ta'g.rri L7anlhese, thag 
lire in bordes, and take opportunity of times, plaoe, seasons. The kings of 
lersia had their summer and winter bouses; in winter at Sardis, in summer 
at Susa; now at PersepoIis, then at Pasargad& Cyrus lived seven cold months 
at BabyIon, three af Susa, two aU Ecbatana» sith Xenophon, and had by that 
eans a perpetual spring. The great Turk sojourns sometimes at Constanti- 
nople, sometimes af Adrianople, &c. The kings of Spain bave their Escurial 
in heat of summer, ]Iadrid for a wholesome seat, Valladolid a pleasant 
ite, &c., variety of secessus as all lrinces and great men bave, and their severa[ 
progresses to this purpose. Lucullus the Roman had his bouse at Rome, aU 
aioe, &c. Vhen Cm Pompeiu, Iarcus Cicero (saith Plutarch) and many 
oble men in the summer came to see him, at sui)per Pompeius jested with him, 
that it was an elegant an d pleasant village, full of win dows, ga]]eries, and all offices 
fit for a summer bouse; but in }ris judgment very unfit tor winter: Lucullus 
nade answer that the lord of the bouse had wit like a crane, that changeth ber 
country with the season; he had other bouses fltrnished, and built _Cor that 
]»urpose, all out as commodious as this. So Tully had his Tusculan, Plinius his 
Lauretan village, and every gentlemau of any fashion in out times bath the 
]ike. The  bishop of Exeter had fourteen several bouses all furnished, in time 
last. In Italy though they bide in cities in winter, which is more gentleman- 



332 Cure o./'.av,,,wy. Ll'art. 2. Sec. 

like, all the mlmmer tbcy eome abroad te thelr eounLry-honses, te recreate 
themsclves. Out gentry in England lire most lmrt in the country (except it bo 
seine few castles) buil,ling still in botteras (saith °Jovius) or near woods, eorona 
arborum virentium; you shall know a village by a tuft of trees af or bout it, 
fo uvoid those strong winds wherewith the island is infesLed, and cold winter 
blasts. Seine discommend moated bouses, as unwholesome; se Camden saith 
of PEw-elme, that it was therefore unfrequented, ob stagni vicini halitus, and 
all mach places as be near lakes or rivera. But I ura of opinion thet these 
inconveniences will be mitigated, or easily corrected by good rires, as « one 
reports of Venice, that graveolentia and ïog of the moors is suflàciently qualified 
by those innumerble smokes. ay more, "Thomas 1)hilol. l=Lavennas, a great 
physician, contends that theVenetians are genemlly longer-lived than any city 
in Europe, and lire many of thcm 120 years. But it is net water simply 
that se much offends, as the slime ud noisome smells that accompany such 
overflowed places, which is but at some ïew seasons airer  flood, and is suffi- 
ciently reeompensed with sweet smells and aspeeL in summer, trer pinget v««rio 
genmantla prata colore, and many other commodities of pleazure and profit; 
or else may be correctcd by tbe site, if it be somewhat remoLe ïrom tbe water, 
as Lindley, °Oro)r super montera, tDrayton, or a little more elevated, though 
nearer, as *Caucut, Amington, l)oleswoth, "$Veddington (te insist in such 
p .laces best te me known, upon the river of Anker, inWarwickshire, "Swarston, 
and  Drakesly upon Trent). Or howsoever,.they be unseasonable in wintel; 
or at seine rimes, they bave their good use in surnmer. If se be t.hat their 
means be se slender as they may net adroit of any such variety, but must 
determine once for all, and make one bouse serve each season, I know no men 
that bave given better rules in this behalf than out husbandry writera. «Cato 
and Columella prescribe a good bouse te stand by a navigable river, good high- 
ways, near seine city, and in a good oil, but that is more for commodity thaa 
health. 
The best soil commonly yields the worst air, a dry .sandy plat is tlttest te 
build upon, and such as is rather hilly than plain, full of downs, a Cotswold 
country, as being most eommodious tbr hawking, hunting, wood, waters, and 
ail manner of pleasures, lérigord in France is barren, yet by reason of the 
exeellency of the air, and such pleasures that it aflbrds, much inhbited by tho 
nobility; as mmherg in Germany, Toledo in Spain. Out eountryman 
Tusser will tell us se much, that the fieldone is for profit, the woodland for plea- 
sure and health ; the one eommonly a deep clay, therefore noisome in winter, 
and subject te bad highways: the other  dry smtd. lrovision may be had 
elsewhere, and out townsare generally bigger in the woodland than the fieldone, 
more ïrequent and populous, and gentlemen more delight te dwell in such 
plaes. Sutton Coldfield in a, Varwickshire (where I as once a grammar 
cholar), may be  sufficient witness, which stands, as Cumden notes, loco in- 
grate e serill, but in an excellent air, and ïull of all manner of pleasures. 
* Wadley in ]3erkshire is situais in a vals, though net se fertile  soll as seine 
vales afford, yet  most commodious sight, wholesome, in  deiicious air,  rich 
and pleasant seat. Se Segrve in Leieestershire (which town ci m new bound 
te remember) is sltuated in a champaign ut the edge of the wolds, and more 
barren than the villages about iL, yet no place likely yields a better air. And 
he that built that fait house, « Wollerton in ottinghamshire, is much te be 
commended (though the tract be sandy and barren bout it) for making ehoico 

• Deeript. Brlt. • In Oxforhlre. q Leander Albertus. rCap. 21. de vit. horn. prorog. 
• The poaseion of Robert Bradshaw, Eq. t Of George l'urefey, Eq. u The possession of William 
lurefey, Emt. • The seat of Sir John Reppington, Kt. • Sir Henry Goodicrea lately deceaed. 
•  heo.dwelltng-house of Hum. Adderley, Eq. • Sir John Harpar'm» Lately deccased.  Sir George 
Greselics, ht. • Lib. 1. cap. 2. t The scat of G. Purefey, Esq. • For I ara now incmbcnt of 
that rectotT, prcented thereto by my riht huourable patron the Lord lerklc¥,  ig 'rail¢A$ Willouhb¥. 



lem. 3.] 'r rect;Jïcd. 333 

of such a place. Constautine, llb. 2. cap. de AgoEcult. prMseth mountains, 
hilly, steep places, above the rest by the seaside, aud such as look toward tho 
north tpon some great river, as bFarmack in Derbyshire, on the Trent, envi- 
roned with hills, open only to the north, like Mount Edgecombe in Cornwall, 
which J]Ir. Carew so much admires for an excellent seat : such is the general 
site of Bohemia: serena Joreas, the north wind clarifies, "kbut near lakes or 
marshes, in holes, obscure places, or to the south and west, he utterly disproves," 
those winds aie unwholesome, putrefying, and make men sub.ject to diseases. 
The best building for health, according to him, is in "ffihigh places, and in an 
excellent prospect," like that of Cuddeston in Oxfordshire (which l;lace I must 
]onoris erg6 mention) is lately and fair]y built in a good air, good prospect, 
good soil, both for profit and pleasure, hot so easily to be matched. P. Cres- 
ecntius, in his lib. 1. de Agric. cap. 5. is very copious in this subjcct, how a 
bosse should be wholesomely sited, in a good coast, good air, wind &c., rarro 
de e ast. lib. 1. cap. 12. "forbids lakea and rivers, marshy and manured 
grounds, they cause a bad air, gross diseases, hard to be cured: "°if it be so 
that he cannot help it, better (as he adviseth) sell thy bouse and land than loso 
thine health." tic that respects hot this iu choosing of his seat, or building 
bouse, is mente captus, mad, p Cato saith, "and Ms dwelling next to hell itseliï 
according to Columella: he commends, in conclusion, the middle of a bill, upoa 
a descent. Baptista 1)ort., '///e, l/b. 1. cap. 22. censures Vmro, Cato, Colu- 
mella, and those ancient rustics, approving may things, disallowing soae, and 
• vill by all means have the front of a bouse stand to the south, which how if 
may be good in Italy and botter climes, I know hot, in out norther countries 
I ara sure it is best: Stcphanus, a Frenchman, proed/o 'ustlc. lib. 1. cap. 4. 
subscribes to this, approving especiallythe descent of a bill south or south-east, 
with trees.to the noh, so that if be well watered; a condition in all sites 
vhich must hot be omitted, as Herbastein inculcates, lib. 1. Julius Coesar 
Claudinus, a I»hysician, consult. 24, for a nobleman in 1)oland, melancholy given, 
adviseth him to dwell in a bouse inclining to the «east, and by ail means to 
provide the air be clear and sweet; which ]Iontanus, consil. 22,9, counselleth 
the earl of Monfvrt, his patient, to inhabit a pleasant bouse, and in a good air. 
If it be so the natural site may hot be altered oî our city, town, village, yet by 
artificial means it may be helped. In hot countries, therefore, they make the 
streets of their cities very narrow, all over Spain, Africa, ]taly, Greece, and 
many cities of France, in Languedoc especially, aad 1)rovence, those oeuthera 
parts : Montpeller, the habitation and university of pbysicians, is so bilt, with 
high bouses, narrow strects, to divert the sun's scalding rays, which Tacitua 
commends, llb. 15, Annal., as most agreeing to thir health, "'because the " 
height of buildings, and narrowness of strcets, keep away the sunbeams." 
Some cities use galleries, or arched cloisters towards the street, as Damascus, 
Bol'ogna, :Padua, Berne in Switzerland, Vestchester with us, as well to avoid 
tempests, as the sua's scorching best. They build on high hills, in hot coun- 
tries, for more air i or to the ,eside, as Baioe, :Naples, &e. In our northern 
coasts we are opposite, we commend straight, broad, open, fair streets, as most 
befitting and agreeing to our clime. Ve bui:ld in bottoms for warmth : and 
that site of 3Iitylene in the iland oïLesbos, in the Egean ses, which Vitruviua 

• lfont.nl et nmr|tlml slu lotes, accllve., et ad 9orenm vgentes.  e dwelling of S To. 
Durde Knight, Baronet. t In hls Suey of Cowall, vk 2. t Prop palud, stm et loca con. 
cav vel ad AoEçum, vel ad cidentem inclinat dom sunt mor.  Opoet itur  item 
dom in altfofib dffier et  ecnlaonem.  By Jom Bauo Dr. of Divinity, my quondam 
tor  Cht-ehure Oo. ow the Rlght Reveren Lord ihop Oo. ho buiit thi$ hoe for 
snd hi succion, u Hyeme ent vehementer -igid et oe$tate no $iub : palud en fi 
um re et dlffic morbo$, • Vend$ quot ib oi, et ! nequ, relinqu., • Lib. I. 
cap. 2. in Or¢o hbita. « Aora musis i Vitre. r do Orientera sen vit nobiliaire 
Inhabite et curet rit sit aer cl, ]ucidu, odorife$. EIIgat habitationem optimo acre 
• quo ft em et titudo tcctot'» non rde  orem 



834 Cure of Jllelancholy. [Part. 2. Sec. 2. 

no much discommends, magnificently built with fair bouses, sed imFrudentèr 
lositara, unadvisedly sited, beeanse i lay along to the south, and when the 
south wind blew, the people were ail sick, would make ma excellent site in 
out northern climes. 
Of that artificial site of house. I bave suflciently diseoxxrsed: if the platt of 
the dwelling may hot be aitered, yet there is much in choiee of such a ehamber 
or room, in opportune opening and shutting of windows, excluding foreign air 
and winds, and walking abroad at eonvenient rimes. «Crato, a German, eom- 
merads east and south site (disallowing eold air and northern winds in this case, 
r«iny we_ther and misty days), free from putrefnction, feras, bogs, and muck- 
hills. If the air be such, open no wiradows, corne hot abroad. ]Iontanus will 
bave lais patient hot fo stir at ail, if the wind be big or tempestuous, as most 
p«trt in Match it is with us; or in cloudy, lowering, dark days, as in }tovember, 
which we eommonly eall the black month ; or stormy, let the wind starad how 
if will, consil. 27. and 30. he mnst hot "ffiopen a casernent in bad weather," 
or in a boisterous season, consil. 299, he especially forbids us to opera windows 
to a south wind. The best sites for chamber windowso in my judgment, aro 
mrth, east, sonth, and which is the worst, west. LevintLs Lemnius, lib. 3. 
cap. 3. de occult. ,rat. r. attrbates so much to air, and rectifying of wind 
ara| windows, that he holds it alone sufficient to make a man sick or well; to 
airer body and mind. "fA clear air cheers up the spirite, exhilarates the mind ; 
a flick, black, misty, tempestuous, coratracts, overthrows." Great heed is 
thereïore to be taken at what times we walk, how we place our windows, lights, 
and houses, how we let in or exclude this ambient air. The F.gyptians, to avoid 
immode»ate heat, make their windows on the top of the bouse like chimueys, 
witla two tunnels to draw a thorotgla air. la Spain they commouly make gtat 
opposite windows without glass, still shutting those which are next to the sua : 
o likewise in Turkey and Italy (Venice excepted, vhich brags of ber stately 
gl:oEcd palaces), they use paper windows to like purpose; and lie, sub dio, in the 
top of their flat-roofed bouses, so sleeping under the canopy ofheaven, la some 
parts of Italy they bave windmills, to draw a cooling air out of hollow caves, 
and disperse the saine through ail the chambers of their palaces, to refresh 
them; as at Costoza, tho house of Cmsareo Trento, a gelxtlemara of Vicenza 
and elsewhere. ]Iany excellent means are invented to correct nature by art. 
If none of these courses help, the best way is to make artificial sir, which how- 
oever is profitable and good, still to be ruade hot and moist, and to be seasoned 
with sweet perfumes, apleasant and lightsome as it may be; to bave rosez, 
• -iolets, and sweet-smelliag flowers ever in their windows, posies in their hand. 
:Laurentius commends water-lilies, a vessel of warm water to evaporate in tho 
room, which will make a more delightfid perfume, if there be added orange- 
flowers, pills of citrons, rosemary, eloves, bays, rosewater, rose-vinegar, benzoin, 
labdanum, styrax, and such like guas, which make a pleasant and acceptable 
lerfume. Bessardus Bisantinus prefers the smoke ofjtmiper to melancholy 
peasons, which is in great request with us at Oxford, to sweeten out chambers. 
Guianerius prescribes the air to be moistened with water, and sweet herbe 
boiled in it, vine, and sallow leaves, &c., Oto besprinkle the ground and poste 
'ith rose-water, rose-vinear, which Avicennu mach approves. Of colours it is 
good to behold green, red, yellow and wkite and by ail mean- to bave light 

'CocalL 21. II. 2. Frlgldns ser, nubUosus, densus, vitandus, oeqnb ac ventl septentrionales, &e.  ConslL 
2. =Feestrrn son aperiat. Discutit ol horrorem crassi spiritù, mentem exhilart 
mn elm tare corpora, quam et animl mutationem lnde snbennt, pro eoeli et ventorum ratione, et eanl 
aliter gffecti oelo nubilo, aliter erenO. 4.De naruroE veutorum, cee Fliny, lib. 2. cap. 26, 27, 
ll. 7. &c. *Fines Morton parr. L c. . æAItomaru car. 7. BrueL Aër ait |ucidus, ben olens, 
humiluS. Montaltue idem es. 26. Olf.actus rerum suavium. Laurentius, c. 8.  Ant. PifilOs. cap. de 
shelanch. * Tract. 15. e. 9. ex redolentbu herbte et folii vitia ¥ittJ.fi-e a,]J,C].. &. d ]Da.imllttlt 
e.eto et aqua roeacea irrorsre Lam'eng. c. 8. 



Iem. 3.] Air ectied. 335 

enough, wlth windows in the day, wax candles n the night, neat ehambers, 
good rires in winter, merry companions; for though melancholy persov love 
o ho dark und lone, yet darknes is a great increaser of the humour. 
Although out ordinary air be good by nature or rt, yet it is net miss, as I 
]ve said, still te airer it ; no better physic for a melncholy man than change 
of ir, and variety of places, te trvel abroad and see fashions, ° Leo Afr 
speaks of raany of his countrymen se cured, without all othçr physic : amongs 
the negroes, "there is such an excellent air, that if uny of them bo sick else- 
where, nd brought thither, he is iustantly recovered, of which he was oïten 
eye-witne." Lipsius, Zuinger, and seine otbers, add as much of ordinary 
travel. o man, saith Lipsius, in an epistle te Phil Lanoius,  noble friend o[ 
his, new ready t.o mako  voyage, "can be such a stock or stone, whom that 
p]easant speculation of countries, cities, towas, rivers, will net affût." Senect 
the philosopher was infinitely taken with the sight of Scipio Aïricanus' house, 
nçar Linterum, te "¢iew thoee old buildings, cisterns, bths, teintes, &c. And 
how was ITuiy plcased with the sight of Athens, te behold those ancient and 
fairbuild[ngs, with u remerabrance oftheir worthy inhabitants, laulus zEmi - 
lius, tht renowned Pomn ¢aptain, after he had conquered Pe|eus, the lait 
king of Macedonia, and new ruade an end of his tedious wars, though he had 
been long ubsent frein Reine, and much there desired, about the beginning of 
autumn (a, Livy describes it) mude $ pleasant peregrln:tion ull over Greece, 
accompanied with his son Scipio, and Atheneus the brother of king Eumenes, 
le.ving the charge of hisarmy with Sulpicius Gallus. By Thessaly he went te 
Delphos, thence te ][egaris, Auli.% Athes, Argos, Laçedoemon,Megalopolis, &c. 
Ite took greag content, exoeeding delight in hat his voyage, as who doth no 
that shall atÇempt the like, though his travel be adjactationem majis q«am ad 
usure 'eiloub. (as one well observes) te crack, gaze, sce fine sights and thhions, 
spend time, rather thun for his own or public good ] (as it i te many gallants 
that travel out their best days, together with their means, manners, honesty, 
relion) yet if uvuilth howsoever. For peregriation charms our senses 
with sueh unspeakble and sweet variety, "that mme euat him unhappy 
thut never tmvelled, and pity his case, that from bis cradle te his old age 
beholds the saine still; still, still the saine, the rme. In, ranch tht ° Rhasis, 
cmt. lib. 1. Tract. 2. doth no only oemmend, but enioin travel, and such 
variety of objects te a melancholy man, "and te lie in diverse inns» te be drawa 
into severl compnies :" Montaltus, cap. 36. und mny neoterics are of tho 
saine mind : Celsus adviseth him therefore that will continue his health, te 
hve variurn vitoe gens, diversity of callings, occupations, te be busied about, 
"°sometimes te lire in the city, somctimes in the country ; new te study or 
work, te be intent, then again te hawk or hunt, swim, ran, ride, or exercise 
himself." A good prospcct alone will case me]uncholy, as Comesius contends, 
lib. 2. c. 7. de Sale. The citizens of Barcino, ith he, othervise penned in, 
melancholy, and stirring little abroad, are much delighted with that pleasant 
prospect their city bath into the sea, which like that of old Athens besides 
Balaminu, and many pleasant islands, had ail the vaHety of delicious objects : 
o are those lreapolitans and inhabitants of Genou, te sec the ships, boats, and 
pasengers go by, out of their windows, their whole cities being situated on the 
side of a bi|l, like Pera by Constantinole, se that ech honse almost hath a 
free prospect te the sea as seine part of Loadon te the Thé- mes : or te bave a 

*Lb. I. cap. de morb. A'ornm In [g, rltarum regone tanta aerls temperes, nf elqn[s alibi morbosus 
e6 advehat+ optlmœe stim nitati rtituat, quod multis accide ipse me oc vi. Lib. de 
eregrin. • Ept. 2. c. L Nec qu tare lap aut frutex, quem non tiret oena  variue 
poetio Iom» bium, gentiu  • Ep . t Lib. 2. de leb.  Lb. 45. t Kecker- 
m pa. polit.  Fin Moon  . prt. 1. • uttio de Io in Ium ltiner et voiagia 
.onga et indtet et hospite tu ve vo * ri % modo  b% pi m 



Cre of Ielanehol. 

[Part. 2. Sec. 

free prospect all over tlae city st once, as at Grana, la in Spaln, and Fez in 
A frica, the river running betwixt two declining hills, the steepness causeth each 
lao1se almost as well to oversee, as to be overseen of the test. Every country" 
]s full of such « delightsome prospect as well within "land, as by se.a, as Her- 
mon and "Rann in Palestina, Oolalto in Italy, the top of Tagetus, or Acro- 
corintbus, that old decayed castle in Corinth, from which Peloponnesus, 
(;r«ece, the Ionian andgean seas were seine/et simul ai oneview fo be taken- 
vellous fair prospect as well over lgihts, as that great city, rive Italian toiles 
long. and two broad, bythe river side: frein mount Sion in Jerusalem, the Holy 
Lad is of aH sides te be seen : such bigh places are infinite i with us those of 
the bestnote are Glastonbury tower, Box H_ill in Surrey, Bever Castle, Rodway 
Grange,'Walsby in Lincolnshire, where I lately received areal kindness, bythe 
aqmnificence of the right honourable my noble lady and patroness, the Lady 
)'rances, countess dowager of Exeter : and ttvo amongst the test, which I may 
tot omit for vicinity's sake, Ol,lbury in the confines of Warwickshire, where I 
bave offert Iooked about me with great delight, at the foot of which bill, °I was 
born : and Hanbury in Staffordshire, contiguous te which is Falde, a pleasant 
village, andan ancient patrimony belonging te our family, nowin the possession 
of mine elder brother,'Villiam Bm¢on, Esquire. "]3arclay the Scot commends 
thttof Greenwich tower for one of the best prospects in Europe, te see London 
on the one side, the Thame ships, and pleasant meadows ontheother. There 
be tho that say as muchand more of St. l[ark's steeple in Venice. xret these 
are at too great a distance : seine are especially affccted with such objccts as 
be near, te see passengers go by in seine great road-vay, or boats in a river, 
in $ubj«tum forum despicere, te oversee a fait, a market-place, or out of a 
1)leasant windowinto seine thoroughfare street, te beholda continual concourse, 
a promiscuousrout, comingand going, or a multitude of spectators at a theatre, 
a mask, or seine such like show. But I rove : the sure is this, that variety of 
actions, objcets, air, places, are excellent good in this infirmity, and all othcrs, 
good for man, good for beast. =Constautine the emperor, l/b. 18. vap. 13. ex 
1,eontia, "holds it an onlycure for rotten sheep, and any manner ofsick cattle2' 
Loelius à fonte z]ugubinus, that great doctor, at the latter end of many of his 
consultations (as commonly he doth set down what success his physic had,) ha 
melancholy most especially approves of this above all other remedies what- 
soever, as appears consult. 69, consult. 229. &c. "Many other things helped, 
but change of air was that which wrought the cure, an did most good." 

]IESIB. l'-V. 
£xerce vecti.fied of Jody and Mind. 
ro that great inconvenicuce, which cornes on the one side by immoderat 
and unseasonab]e exercise, too much solitariness and idleness on the other, 
must be oppceed as an antidote, a moderate and seasonable use of it, and that 
both of body and mind, as a most material cireumstance, much conducing te 
rhin cure, and te the general preservation of out health. The heavens themselves 
run eontinually round, the sun riseth and sers, the moon increaseth and 
decreaseth, stars and planers keep their constant motions, the air is still 
$ossed by the winds» the waters ebb and flow te their conservation nu doubt, te 
• Laudaturqu¢ domu longos qum prosplcR agros, • Many towns tîere are of that naine, saith Adrl. 
oeliUS, all hlgh-slted. "Lately resiged for aome sPeclal rea.ons, Ai Lin(lJey in Leicestershire thé) 
ossesiou and dwelling-place of Ralph Burton, Esquire m¥ late decessed father.  in lcon mn|morum. 
•/£Krotates ov in alium locum tranSportandoe sttnt, ut ai|ara aerem et aqua partic;gantea coalascant 
e4 corroborcntur. Ala uaili sed ez mutationo aeri pottaaimum curatt 



:Mcm. 4.] Ex2rcse 'ectfted. 337 

teach us that we should ever be in action. For w]dch cause ]ieron prescribes 
Rusticus the mouk, that he be always occupied about some business or othex, 
«' Ithat the devil do not find him idle.  "Senec would bave a man do some- 
thing, though it be to no purpose, bXenophon wisheth one rather to play ai 
tables, dice, or make a jester of himself (thoLgh he might be 
ployed), than do uothing. The CEgyptians of old, and mauy flourishiig com- 
monwealths since, have enjoined labour and exercise fo all sorts of men, to 
be of some vocation and calling, and to give an acount of their rime, to pre- 
veut those grievous mischiefs that corne by idleuess; « for as fodder, whip, and 
burtheu belong fo the ass: so meat, correction, and work uuto the servant," 
Ecclus. xxxiii. 3. The Turks enjoin all men whatsoever, of what degree, 
to be of some trade or other, the Grand Seignior himself 
out memory (saith Sabellicus), Mahomet the Turk, he that conquered Greece, 
st that very rime vhen he heard ambassadors of other princes, did either 
carre or eut woodeu spoon, or ff'ame something upon a table." c This present 
sultan makes notches tbr bows. The Jews are most severe in thL examination 
of time. Ail well-governed places, towns, OEmilies, and every discreet persou 
will be a law unto himself. But amougst us the bdge of geutry is idleuess: 
to be of no calling, hot to labour, for that's derogatory to their birth, to be 
mere spectator, a drone, fruges consumer« natus, to bave no uecessary employ- 
ment to busy himself about in church and commouwealth (some few governors 
exempted), "but to fise to eut," &c., to spend his days in hawking, huuting, 
&c., aud such like disports and recreatious ( which out casuists tax), are tho 
sole exercise almost, and ordiuary actions of out nobiIity, and in vhich they 
are too immoderate. And thence if cornes to pass, that in city and country 
so many grievunces of body and mind, and this feral disee of melancholy so 
frequeutly rageth, and now domineers almost all over Europe amongst out 
great oues. They know uot how to spend their rime (disports excepted, which 
are all their business), what fo do, or otherwise how fo bestow themselves: 
like our modern Frenchmen, that had mther lose a pouud of blood in a sin- 
gle combat, than a drop of sweat in any honest labour. Evcry man almost 
bath something or other to employ himself about, some vocation, some trde, 
but they do all by ministers anti servants, ad otia duntaxa$ se haros existimant. 
im ad sui i19sius Tlrumqte et aliorum Ternicien,  as one freely taxeth such 
kind of men, they are all for pastimes, 'ris all their study, all their invention 
tends fo this ulone, fo drive away rime, as if they were boru some of them fo 
no other ends. Therefore fo correct and avoid these errors and incouveniences, 
out divines, pbysicians, and politiciaus, so much labour, and so setiously ex- 
hort; and for this disease in particular, "there can be no better cure thau 
coutinual business," as Rhazis holds, "fo bave some employment or other, 
which may set their miud awork, and dist.ract their cogitatious." Riches may 
hot easily be had without labour and industLT, nor learning without stud¥, 
neither eau out health be preserved without bodil Z exercise. If it ho of the 
hody, Guianerius allows that exercise which is gentle, "and still after those 
ordinary fdcatious" which must be used every morning, hIoutaltus, cap. 26. 
and Jason Pratensis use almost the saine words, highly commeuding exercise 
if if be moderate; "a wonderful help so used,"Crato calls it, "and a gre.'t 

• Ne te dvaon otiosva invenit, • Protêt liud agere qum nihil, t Lib. 3. de dIctis Socrsti. 
ui teris e risui excitando yacht, aliquid fciunt, etsi lioeret h mclior açere, e Am compeHed 
eve man once a yr to tell how he liv.  Nostrà memori [ahomet Otbomn qui Grœeclm 
imperium subverfit, cure orar po$tulata audiret teum gentium, cochl 
sut iquid in tubulm gebt. • d fol. . of his voye to Jerusem. #Perkin C of 
Conscience» L 3. e. . q. • « Lclni Grunnio. "They em to i they we  to ien 
y mor r he dructlou of tbemsv and oe.   Non t c melior qusm iungere ils 
 eopuns; e administratlo fll mmum sitst crementu e q replnt animo 
m, et incutiant ils ver cogitatlon. Cour. 1. trot. 9. 
icatiou couvenlt. Ad hc morb ercitation qu rec et suo mre fl ifl coud 



338 Cure of Melanelwly. [Pat%. 2. Sec. . 

means to preserve our health, as ad,ling strength to the whole body, increas- 
ing natural boat, by means of which the nutrinmnt is well concocted in tho 
stomach, liver, and veins, fcw or no crudities left, is happily distributed over 
ail the body." Besides, it expels excremcnts by sweat and other insensible 
vapours; insomuch, that k Galon prcfcrs exercise before ail physic, rectifica- 
tion of diet, or any regimen in what kind soever; 'tis nature's physician. 
• Fulgntius, out of Gordonius de conserv, vit. ]wm. lib. l. cap. 7. terres exer- 
cise, "a spur of a dull, sleepy nature, the comtbrter of the members, cure of 
infirmity, death of diseases, destruction of ail mischiefs and vices." Tho 
fittest time for exercise is a little before dinner, a little before supper,  or at 
any time when the body is empty. ]Iontanus, consi. 31. prescribes it every 
morning to hi patient, and that, as  Calenus adds, "after he bath done his 
ordinary needs, rubbed his body, washed his hands and face, combed his 
head, and gargarised." Yv'hat kind of exercise he should use, Galen tells us, 
lib. 2. e 3. d« sanit, tuend, and in what measure, "°till the body be ready fo 
sweat," and roused up; ad ruborem, some say, non ad sudorem, lest it should 
dry the body too much others enjoin those wholcsome businesses, as to dig 
so long in his garden, to hold the plough, and the like. Some prescribe 
frequent and violent labour and exeises, as swing eery day so long 
together (ep/d. 6. Hippocrates confounds them), but that is in some cases, to 
some peculiar men ;  the most forbid, and by no mcans will bave it go f,aher 
than a beginning sweat, as being «porilous if it exceed. 
Of the labours, exercices, and recreations, which are likewise included, 
some properly belong to the body, some to the mind, some more easy, somo 
hard, some with delight, ome without, some within doors, some natural, 
some are artificial. Amongst bodily exercises, Galen commends ludmn 
o//, to play at ball, be it with the hand or racket, in tennis-courts or other- 
wise, it exerc/seth each pa of the body, and doth muoh good, so that they 
sweat not too much. It was in great request of old amongst the Greeks, 
Romans, Barbarians, mentioned by Itomer, lIerodotus, and 'liius. Somo 
write, that Aganella, a f-air maid of C,rcyr,,, was the inventor of it, for she 
psented he ti's hall ha eer was ruade to lausica, the daughter of King 
Alcinou, and taught hcr how to use it. 
The ordinary sports which are used abroad are hawking, hmtlng, M/are 
v«nand laberres, "one calls them, because they recreate bodyaad mind, "another, 
the "best exercise that is, by which alêne many bave been fYeed from ail 
feral diseasea." Hegesippus, l/b. 1. ca/. 3, relates of tterod, that he 
eased of a grievous melancholy by that means. Plato, 7. de/eg, highly mag- 
iyfies it,.dividing it int.o three parts, "by land, water, air." Xenophon, 
ro/eed, graces it with a great naine, Deoru», mnus, the glft of the gods, a 
princely sport, which they have ever used, saith Langius, «lds. 59. l/b. 2. a 
well for health as pleasure, and do at this day, it being the sole ahnost and 
ordinary sport of our noblemen in Europe, and elsewhere ail over the worloE 
Bohemus, de znor. g«,$, lib. 3. ra19. 12. styles it therefore, s$oEium nobii,n 
conmunitvr repreneur, udd sibi salis licere vonSendun, 'tis ail their study, their 
exercise, ordinary business, all their talk: and indecd some dote too much after 
it» they can do nothing elle, dicourae of nought else. :Paulus Jovius, decr. 

t L. 1. d sanltat, tuend. ! Exercitium aturoe dormlentis tmulatlo, membrorum Solarium, morborum 
medel fuga vltiortun, medicin& languoru d "etl'tlct|o omnium maloz um Crato. m Alimtl s il vt:lltricttlo 
Iro_,b.è c nco.c.t.ia.. - Jejuno veatre veaca, et alvo ab excrementis purgato, fricatis membrla, loti manibu et 
ocuu ce., gg. ce stra bile.  Quotmque corpus universttm intttres¢,s et floridum apparent, sudoreque, 
& Omnino sudorem vident, cap. . lib. 1. Valescus de Tsr. « Exercitium si excetlat, valtl 
ert.'uloSU. Sast. Salvianus de remed, l|b. 2. r.tp. 1. • Cmden Lu Stsffordshirv. • Fridevalliu 
,. L cap. . optims omnium exercitationum malti ab bac solttmmodo mo'bis liberatL : Jo»ephus 
Quercetanus dialect, poli, secS. 2. cap. 11. Inter omnis exercitia prœst&ntioe lattdem meretur. "Clrogl 
t monie l'vlio» prceltor heroum eo a moebi  vens:imbt  lttri cibi tmbatar. L Tyiu 



Tem. 4.] ,Exercse rectlf«d. 339 

Jri. doth in some sor tax our «'  Eaglish nobility for if, for living in tho 
country so mach, and too frequent use of it, as ff they had no other meaas 
but hawking and hunting te approve themseIves gentlemen with." 
tIawking cornes near to huning, the one in the air, as the other on the 
earth, a sport as mach affected as the other, by seine preferred, • It was 
ever heard of amongst the Romans, invented seine twelve hundred years 
since, and first mentioned by Firmicus, l/b. 5. cap. 8. The Greek emperors 
began it, and nov nothing se frequent : he is nobody that in the season bath 
net a hawk on his fist. A great art, and many "books written of it. It la 
a wonder te hear ° what is related of the Tuxks' oflîeers in this behalf, how 
many thousand men are employed about it, how many hawks of ail sorts, how 
mueh revenues eonsumed on that only disport, how mueh tilne is spent af 
Adrianople alone every year te that purpose. The b Persian kings hawk after 
butterflies with spaL-cows ruade te that use, and st.arcs; lesser hawks for hsser 
gaines they bave, and Uigïer for the test, that they may produee their sport 
te ail seasons. The ][useoviau emperors reelaim eagles te fly et hiads, foxes, 
&e., and sueh a one ,vas sent for a present te «Queen Eiizabeth: seine reelaim 
ravens, eastrils, pies, &e., and man them for thcix pleasures. 
Fowling is more troublesome, but all out as deligl,t.ome te seine sorts of 
men, be it with guns, lime, nets, glades, gins, strings, bai, pitfalls, pipes, calls, 
stalking-horses, settilg-dogs, deeoy-ducks, &e., or otherwise. Seine much 
delight te take larks with day-nets, small birds with ehaff-nets, plovers, par- 
tridge, herons, snipe, &e. Henry the Third, king of Castile (as Mariana the 
Jesuit reports of him, l/b. 3. cap..7.) was mueh affeeted "a with catehing of 
quails," and many gentlemen take a singular pleasure et morning and even- 
ing te go abroad with their qtail-pipes, and will take any pains te satisfy 
their delight in that kind. Th ° Italiens bave gardeus fitted te sueh use, 
with nets, bushes, glades, sparing no eost or industry, and are very mueh 
affeeted with the sport. Tyeho Brahé, that great astronomer, in the ehoro- 
graphy of his Isle of Huena, and Castle of Uraniburge, purs down his nets, 
aud manner of eatching small birds, as an ornement and a reereation, whereia 
he hilnself was sometimes employed. 
Fishing is a kind of hunting by water, be it with nets, weelcs, baits, 
angling, or otherwise, and yields ail out as mueh pleasure te seine men as dogs 
er hawks; "tWhen they draw theiï fish upou the bank," saith Tie. Henselius 
Silesiographim, cap. 3. speaking of that extraordinary delight his eountrymen 
took in £shing, and in making of pools. James Dubravius, that ][oravian, 
in his book de T/sc. telleth, how travelling by the highway aide in Silesia, ha 
round a nobleman, "s booted up te the groins," wading himself, pulling 
nets, and laboutSng as much as any fisherman of them all: and when som« 
belike objected te him the baseness of lais oee, he exeused himself "" that 
if other men might hunt hares, why should net he hunt erpsl" Many gen- 
tlemen in like sort with us will wade up te the arm-holes upon such occasions, 
and voluntarily uudertake that te satisfy their pleasure, whieh a poor man 
for a good stipend would searce be hired te undergo. Plutareh, in lais book 
de soler, aimal, speaks against all fishing, "'as a filthy, base, illiberal em- 
ployment, having neither wit ner perspieaeit.y in it, ner vorth the labour." 
]But he that shall eonsider the variety of baits for ail seasons, and pretty de- 

.Nobl]Itas omnis fere rbes fstidlt, castellls, et llbeore coelo gandeç gensqne dlItatem 
maximë ventione» et falconnm aucupiis tuetur. Jos. Scalig. commen in Cir. in foL 3. Salmuth. 
. de 'ov. repert, cern. in Panc. • Demetns Consttinop. de re accipitrar liber a P. GilUr latin 
reddit. li. episL Aquil ymachi et "£heodo[ionia  Ptoiomeum, c. • Lonicert Geffreu Jovi. 
 S. Antony bhere's oEtions. • llluit.  Coturnicum aucupio. * Fia Morhon, part 3. c. 8. 
fNon morem voluptem animo capiunK quhm qui fer intantur, aut ml nib comprehead 
quum reti ent uamo cud in rip uct. s ore piscam crub oeat, b SI 
principib venatio lepo non ait hon ue[o quomodo pUo cyprmor ve deb pudeud&. 
a Omnino ph ptio» no uo  b  oe quod n bet ge n 



310 C,,r« of Me/udwb. [rrt. . Sec. 

vices which or ang]ers bave invented, peculiar lines, £dse files, several sleight.% 
&c., will say, that it deserves like commendation, requirent, as much study and 
perspicacity a.s the rest, and is to be prefen'ed before many of them. Because 
hawking and hunting are very laborious, much riding, and many dangers 
accompany them; but this is still and quiet: and if so be the angler catch 
no fish, yet he bath a wholesome walk to the brookside, pleasant shde by 
the sweet silver streaoEs; he bath good air, and sweet smells of fine fsh 
meadow flowers, he hears the melodious harmony of birds, he secs the swan., 
herons, ducks, water-horns, coots, &c., and many other fowl, with their brood, 
which he thinketh better than the noise of hounds, or blast of horns, and all 
the sport that they can make. 
:SIany other sports and recreatlons there be, much in use, as wring;.ng, 
bowling, shooting, which Ascam commends in a just volume, and bath in 
former times been enjoined by statute as a defensive exercise, and an a honour 
to our land, as well may witness our victoqes in France. Keelpins, tronks, 
quoits, pitching bars, hurling, wrestling, leaping, running, fencing, mustring, 
swimming, wasters, foils, football, baloon, quintan, &c., and many such, which 
are the common recreations of the countryfolks, liding of great horses, 
running st rings, tilts and tournaments, horse-races, wild-goose chaes, which 
are the disports of greater men, and good in themselves, though many gen- 
tlemen by that means gallop qnite out of their fortunes. 
But the most pleaznt of all outward pastiraes is that of  Areteus, deam- 
bulatio per am.na loca, to make a petty progress, a merry jorney now and 
thon with some good companions, to riait friends, see cities, castles, towns, 
 Visere a.p arnnes nitido.%per amænaque Temp% [ «To aeethe pleasant flelds, the cry. stal fountain$, 
Et llacidaa aummis sectari m montibaa au,as." And take thc gcntle air amongs; the mountains. ' 

 To walk amongs¢ orchards, gardexr, bowers, mounts, and arboura, artifieial 
wildernesses, green thickets, archeu, groves, lawns, rivulets, fountains, and anch 
like pleasant places» like that Antiochian Daphne, brooks poola, fishponds, 
between wood and water, ira a lZair meadow, by a river aide, ° ubi varioe aviu 
cantations, florum col.ores, 7rcatorumfrutices, &c., fo dispot in some pleasan 
plain, park, run up a steep bill sometimes, or sit in a shady seat, must need 
be a delectable recreation, tlortus principis e domus ad delectatonem facta, 
vum syh.â, monte et piscine, vulg la montagaa : tbe prinoe's garden ai Fer- 
rara v Schottus highly maaifies, ith the groves, mountains, ponds, for a de- 
lectable prospect, ho was much affected with it; a Persiau paradise, or pleasang 
park, eould hot be more delect«ble in his sight. St. Bernard, in the descrip- 
tion of his monastery, is almost ravished with the pleasures of it. "A sick 
« man (saith ho) sits upon a green bank, and when the dog-star pareheth th 
plains, and dries up rivers, ho lira in a shady bower," .ronde sub arbores fer- 
ventis teraperat astra, "atd feeds his eyea with variety of objects, herba, tree 
to comfor his misery, ho receives many delightsome smells, and fills hia eam 
with that sweet and various harmony of birds: good God (saith ho), what a. 
eompany of pleasures hast thou ruade for man !" 1:le that should be admitted 
on a sudden fo the sight of such a palace as ha of Es¢urial in Spain, or to that 
which the ]Ioors built at Grenada, Fontainbleau in France, the Tul'k's gatlens 
in his seraglio, wherein all manner of bixds and beasts are kept for plcasure; 
wolves, bears, lynxes, tigers, li,ons, elephants, &c., or upon the banks of that 
Thracian Bosphorus : the pope s ]elvedere in Rome æ • as pleaaing a those 

a Prmclpua hlne Anglls gloria, crebrm vlctorlæ partœ. $ovlu$.  Cap. Y.  Fraeaatorius. • Amo 
])ulalione subtliale qua horteases roe minlstrant, ub fornice vir|di, pampinis virentibua concrnerata. 
*'I heophyl&ct, • Itiner,t. ltaL « -edet oegrotua cespite viridi, e; t-um in©|ementia Canieu|aris 
gerra excoquit et |©cat flumiaa ipse securua sedet aub arbore fronde et ad doioria sui solarium, n&rib» 
nls graraineas redole{; speciea, pa-©it octflos herbarm amoeaa viridita, aures suavi modulanuae demttlcet 
lictaxum coacenttm avitma» c. Daa boae quanta pauDcribua lrocttraa aolati J Dio¢L $cultts lib. . 



ioe,s/es in B«bylon, or that Indian ldng's ddightsome garden in °2Elian ; or 
tghose famou garderm of the Lord Cantelow in Fnoe, eod no ehoose, though 
he were never so 1 paid, but be much recread for the rime; or many of o 
noblemenM gardens at home. To take a boat in a plng eveng, and with 
usic o rosv upon the wal whieh Plutarch so uch applauds, 
admes, upou the river ineus: in those ThHan fields, beset with 
bays, where birds so sweetly sing that psengerg enchauted  le were wigh 
their heavenly music, oennium oru.n  cur«m oblic«ntur, forger forth- 
wit.h  lab6rs, oere, and grief: or in n goudoln through the Grand CI 
Venioe, to sec thoee goodly pas, must needs refrh and give connt to 
meneholy dull zpifit. Or to e the er rooms of a fair-built d sumptuous 
edifiee,  that of the Petu , o mueh renowned by Diodo and 
CuiSis, in whieh ail w almost bn gold, =ehairs, stools, thrones, 
naeles, and pilla of gold, plane troes, and viues of god, grapes of picio 
stones,  the other oraaments of pure gold, 
  Fuiget gemma floria, et jpide fva 
6trata mict T'io ' 
With sweet odou and poEfame generous wlne opiparo fare, &e., 
besides the goeantest young men, the tkirest 
tra,d, the rarest bui the world eodd affor and those t out wih eostly 
attd curio attires,  auporem q spntlum, with exqui music, 
"TfimMtioa's hoase, in eery chamber nweet oices eer sodg day and nigh, 
incomrab lus, ail delights and #sures in eaeh kd which to pleo 
the sens could poibly he devLsed or hoEd, eonvœe coroti, lia ebrf, &c. 
Telcmh, in Homer,  brought in  one ruvhetl almost at the sight of 
magunt pMa, and fieh fm-nite of Menela, when he beheld 
  ri$ fulgorem et ronantia ta eoru$eo [ « Sneh glitteflng of gold tnd bfightt br to eh 
Ao arque eleetl-O nitido, $ectoque elephanto»  Cler amber, dver pur aud ivo 
A rgentoque aimul. "falis Jov ardua $ed Jupiter'a lofty pal 'here the go o w 
&ulaue eoe¢ol item »plendcit Olym." W even 
It wl l«xam anbs, refresh the soul of man to sec fMtbuHt citi, streets, 
theatres, temples, obelis, &e. The tem#e of Jeraem w  faly bt of 
white mrble, with so many pymids covered with gold 
fulvo comsoE auto, nim  f ere obcæcat ocs itiant;um, 
glorious, and so glisened af" o that the speetato might hot well abide the 
ight of iç. But the inner ps were ail  eariously t out with eet, gol 
jewels, &a,  he said of Cleopatra's pMaee  Egypt,2Cr rab 
abotra$ aurum, that the beholdet wem amazeoE Vhat  i,lant  to 
sec ome geant or sight go by,  af eorotion weddings, and sueh like 
olemMties, to sec an ambdor or n prinoe 
ma, shows, filwor, &e. To sec two k fight 
ortm and Alender; Chute and Edmund Ironside ; Seanderg and Ferat 
Bssa the Ttk; whea no honore" one but e itseff 
 n enim pro rgore Tau 
Pro bore n certamen eragquoe proemia 
e lenç ed pro m risque quHectO. 
To behold a bnttle fought, like tMt of Crey, or A#neou, or PoieHe, 
 (ith Fro) an  &m fe pos, c. To sec one 
of Gm'e triumphs  old R,,me mvive or the e. To be prezent ai 

• LIb 13 de anlrnsl es» *& ,Pet. GilLlus. Paul. Henesltinerar. ItalLe. 1617. lod. Slneertm 
prope am. In uue fluminm rtpa. z Ael po, a oosoma.  marga lisère to uoact 
&» t Lnean « T fiture glitte with briant gel, with yellow jper, d the uch dzle 
...........  .... 
with their p ule dye." • 300 p, peIBtor yt m«oe rb p . lot  ur i _ u_c. 
ex omnim pulchtune delecti, s Ubi omuit u trep 
tlmbers were conaled by fid go]d."  llia 10. "For neither w the eontt for the bide of 
or r s becv wch c thc muM roEoe  e re» but for  



interview, "as that foEmons of Henry the Eighth and Francis the First, se much 
renowned ail over Europe ; ubi tartre aiparattt (saith l=[ubertus Vellils) 
triumphali pompâ ambo reges cura eorum conj,xgibus coite, ut nulla unqua» 
tetas ta»t celebriafesta viderit sut audierit, no age ever saw the like. Se infi- 
nitcly pleasant are such shows, te the sight of which oftcntimes they will corne 
hundreds of toiles, give any money for a place, and remember many years aft.er 
with sinlar delight. Bodine, whcn he was ambassador in England, said ho 
aaw the noblemen go in their robes te the parliament house, 
cunditate vidimus, he was much affccted with the sight of it. Pomponius 
Columna, saith Jovius in his lire, saw thirteen Frenchmen, and se many Italians, 
once fighV for a whole army: Qtodjttcundlssimnm spectaculum in vitâ dicit 
sud, the pleasantest sight that ever he saw in his lire. Who would net haro 
been affccted with such a spectacle? Or that single combat of fBrcaute thv 
Frenchman, and Anthony chets a Dutchman, beibre the walls of Sylvaducis 
in Brabant, arme 1600. They" were twenty-two herse on the one side, as 
many on the other, which like Livy's Itoratii, Torqtati and Corvini ïought f,,r 
their own glory and country's honour, in the sight and view oftheir whole city 
and army. g When Ju[ius Coesar warred about the banks of Rhone, there came 
a barbarian prince te sec him and the Roman army, and when he had behehl 
Coesar a good while, « "I sec th gods new (saith he) which before I heard of," 
«ec fieliciorem ulhtm vitoe me.oe sut oTtavi , sut sensi dient: it was the happiest 
day that ever he had in his lire. Such a sight alone were able of itself te drive 
away melancholy; if net for evcr, yet it must needs expel it for a tirer, lad- 
zivilus was much taken with the pasha's palace in Cairo, and amongst many 
other objects which that place affcrded, with that solemnityofcutting the banks 
ofthe Nile by Imbram laasha, when it overflowed, besides two or three hundrcd 
gilded galleys on the watcr, he saw two millions of men gathered together on 
the land, with turbans as white as snow; and 'twas a goodly sight. The very 
reading of feasts, triumphs, interviewe, nuptials, tilts, tournaments, combats, 
and monomachies, is most acceptable and pleasant.  Fl»mciscus Modius bath 
ruade a large collation of such solemnities in two great ternes, which whoso 
will may peruse. The inspection alone of those curious iconographies of Vem- 
ples and palaces, as that of the Lateran church in Albertus Durer, that of the 
temple of Jcrusalem in kJosephxs, Adricomius, and Villalpandus: that of the 
Escurial in Guadas, of Diana ai Ephesus in Pliny, erds golden palace in 
Rome, tJustinian's in Constantinople, that Peruvian Juga's in Cusco, ut non 
ab homiuibus, sed à chenwniis constructum videatur; St. Mark's in Venlce, by 
Ignatius, with many such; priscorum artiftcur, ooeera (saith that = interpretcr 
of Pausania.s), the rare workmanship of those ancient Greeks, in theatres, 
obelisks, temples, statues, gold, siIver, ivory, marble images, not miwreferntè 
çuum leguntur, 9uam quum cernuntur, animuut de2ectatiote comfilnt, affcct ono 
as much by reading almost as by sight. 
The country bath his recreations, the city his several gymnics and exer- 
¢ises, May games, feasts, wakes, and merry meetings, te solace themselves; 
the very being in the country; that life itselfis a sufficient recreation te seine 
men, te enjoy such pleasures, as thoso old patriarchs did. Dioclesian, the 
emperor, was se much affccted with if, that he gave over his sceptre, and 
turned gardener. Constautine wrote twenty books ofhusbandry. Lysander, 
xvhen ambasaadors came te sec him, bragged of nothing lnore than of his 
orchard, Ai sunt ordines mei. Vhat shall I say of Cincinnatus, Cato, 
T.ully, and many auch3 hor they bave beea pleased with iV, te prune, 

• ]etween Are and Qulues, 1519. eSwertIns In deiU fol. . vet orafim explo» virte 
et suu mabll  hostlb !.  coneu pat &c. s Patercul vol. pos  Quos 
antea avç qui ho.ie vi ds. ' Pdec Triumph. fol  Lib. 6.  -1 d beo Ju 



plant, inoculate and graft, to show so mauy several kiuds of pears, apples, 
plains, peaches, &c. 
= Nunc captare feras laqueo, hune fallere v]eo, | "Sometlmes wlth trap decelre, with line and atrlng 
Atque ctlam magno canibun circundare sal¢u [ To catch wlld birds and beass, encompasing 
lnstoeua &vibo mu-Ç inœeudere vepr." The grove wih dogs, d out o[ bh 'g." 
ucunds, in his refacc fo Cto, Van'o, Coluell, &c., put cu y hi 
confseth of himselÇ tht he ws mightily delighted with these hbndry 
studies, and took extraordinat T plenum iu them: ff the theory or specul 
tion can so much aect, what shall the place and exercise itse: the practicai 
pa do The mme coession I find h Herbash, Por, CameoErius, aud 
many others, wch bave written of that subjt. If my testimony were 
aught worth, I could y  much of mysclf; I ara v$ urnus; no man 
ever took more delight h springs, woods, groves, garde, wa, fishponds, 
rive gc. But 
« * Tanhlus  lab ltis fuent captat 
nd so do I; g let, poti non 
Every llace, every city almost hath  peculr wks, cloistem, teaces, 
groves, theatres, gean, game aud sever roertions; evcry country, some 
professed gymnics to exhilarate their mince, and exercée their bies. The 
» Gmeks had their Olympian, Pythiau, sthmian, Nemu gam h honour 
of Neptuue, Jupir, Apollo; Atheus hers: somv for houour, garlaads, 
crow; for «buty, daucing, ruuniug, leaping, like out silver gaines. The 
"Pmuns h the lents,  the Atheniaus, and Lcedoemonians hcld their 
public bauque, in Pritnoeo, Pathenoeis, Thperfi Phiditi, plays, 
machies, plRoes for s-fights, "thetres, amphitheatr, ble to contaiu 70,0(0 
men, whereiu tbey had seveml delightsome shows to eihmte the ople ; 
tgladiators, combats of men with theluselves, with wild bets, aud wfid bts 
one with anothet like out bull-baitings, or bear-baiting3 (iu wch 
cotmtrymen and citizeus amongst us so much delight, and so flquently use), 
dance on ropes. Juggle, wresfle comedies, tlgedies, publicly exhibited 
at the empemr's aud city's charge, and that with credible oest and magni- 
fioence. In the Low Cotmtfies ( «Metemu relates), before thesv wars, they 
had many solemu fets, plays, challeug, artillery gardens, oeeg of 
rbymers, rhetol'ician poet3: and to th day, such places are curiously main. 
taiued in Amsterdam,  apparu by that descriptiou of Isaac PonoEu, 
m A mstelod, l. 2. cap. 25. So likee hot long sinoe at Ffibg, in 
Gcrmany, as is evideut by that relation of  eRnder, they had Lus sep- 
tenna, lemn plays evet T vcR y, wch Boce, one of the owa 
ports, hath elegantly describ: 
« At hune miflco ect atch 
Quid memorem, veteri non oecura airin 
Ludorum pompa t" 
In Italy they bave solemn dechmatio o£ ceain select young uflemen in 
Floreuce (like those recite in old me), and public thtr in most or 
their citi, for stage-players and othe, to exerff aud recreate themlves. 
A aso almost, 1 ples have their oeveral ptimes; somv h summer, 
some in winter; some abroad, some withh; some of the body, somv of thc 
mind: aud diverse mea bave diver recreatio and eemise Domitiau, 
• VIrg. l. Geg.   The tlrsting Tu$ gap for e wat tat elnd 1i2 
doEir but can't enoy." P Bote] lib. 3. polit. p. 1. « $ee Athenoe mpnoso, • u«i votivk 
oeac I, ludic, Megalns, Cerl Florale% Marti &c. Roslnu 5. 12. • See LIpsl Amphithe- 
trum. Roain b. b. Meus de ludis Groecvrum.  150 men a onc ge li 
dog beara, &. = Lib. uit. et L 1. ad flnem consutudine non min laudabili qu veteri 
ia Rhetor Ry/hmom in urDibu$ e mmficipi ceisque die eceba« se sagitti gladtorc, 
&c. Alia i»genii, animiqu eeili qaoram prœecipm sudium, iucip plum oedi com,* 
di fabulls «cenici alique id genu ludis recrear = Orbis teoe ript. part. & 
] say of their spectacl produoed With the most mlflcent oerafio--a deee of 
dged  even by e Roms" 



Cure of J[dancholy. [Part. 2. Sec. 

the cmperor, was much delighted with catching flics; Aumlstus te play with 
nuts amongst children; "Alexander Severus was often pleased te play with 
whe!ps and young pigs. "Adrian was se wholly enamoured with dogs and 
horses, that he bcstowed monuments and tombs of them, and buried them in 
graves. In foul weather, or whea they can use no other convcnient sports, by 
reason of the time, as we de cock-fighting, te avoi,1 idleness, I think (though 
some be more seriouMy taken with it, si»end much time, cost and charges, 
and are toc solicitous about it), beverus used patoEridges and quai]s, as maay 
Frenchmen de still, and te keep birds in cages, with which he was much 
plea.sed, when at any time he had leisure frein public tares and businesses. 
tte had (saith Lampridius), rame pheasants, ducks, partridges, peacocks, and 
some 20,000 ringdoves and pigeons. ]3usbequius, the emperor's ortor, when 
he lay in Constantinople, and could net stir much abroad, kept for his recre- 
arien, busying himself te sec them fcd, almost all manner of strange birds 
and heasts; thiz was something, though net te exercise lais body, yet te 
rcfresh his mind. Coaradus Gezner, at Zurich in Switzerland, kept se likewise 
ïor his pleasure, a great company of wfld beasts; and (as he saith) teck great 
delight te sec them eat their ment. Turkey gentlewomen, that are perpetual 
prisoners, still mewed up according te the custom of the place, bave little else 
besides their household business, or te play with thcir childrcn te drivc away 
rime, but te dally with their cnts, which they have in dditiis, as many ofour 
ladies and gentlewomen use monkeys and little dogs. The ordinary recreations 
which we have in winter, and in most solitary rimes busy out minds with, are 
card, tables, and dice, shovelboard, chess-play, the philosopher's gaine, small 
trunks, sbuttlecock, billiards, music, masks, singing, dancing, ulegame frolics, 
jests, riddlcs, catches, purposes, questions and commands, "merry talcs of errant 
knights, queens, lovem, lords, ladies, giants, dwaffs, thieves, cheaters, witches, 
fairies, goblins, fiSars, &c., such as the old woman told Psyche in aApuleius, 
:Boccace novels, and the rest, xtrum auditime pri dzctantur, sertes nar- 
'atione, which se,ne delight te hear, seine te tell; ail are well pleased with- 
Amaranthus, the phflosopber, met Hermocles, Diophantus, and lhilolaus, hls 
companions, oue day busily discoursing about Epieurus and Democritus' 
tenets, very solicitous which was most probable and came nearest te truth : 
te put them out of that surly controversy, and te refi'esh their spirits, he told 
them a pleasant talc of Stratocles the physician's wedding, and of all the par- 
ticulars, the company, the cheer, the music, &c., for he was new corne frein 
it; with which relation they were se much delighted, that 1%ilolaus wished 
a blessing te his heart, and many a good wedding, °many uch mer T meet- 
ir. might he be at, "te please himself with the sight, and othet with 
arration of it." :News are generally welcome te ail out ears, avidè audimus, 
aures enim homlnum novitate, lcetmdur t (as lliny observes), we long after 
rumeur te hear and listen te it, • deum hmneris bibit aure vulgus. We are 
most part toc inquisitivc and apt te hearken after news, which Coeur, in 
 Commentaries, observes of the old Gauls, they would be inquiring of every 
varrier and Passenger what they had heard or seen, what news abroad 
" quid toto fiat in orbe, 
Quid Serea, quid Thraces agant s secreta noverc.% 
Et puexi, quLs amer," &c. 
as af an ordinary with us, bakehouse or barber's sh.op. When that grcat 
Gousalva,vas upoa some displeasure confined by King Ferdinand to the cityof 
Loxa in A-udalusia, the only comfort (saith mJovius) he had to ease hiz melan- 
• Lamprldlus. $partlau.  Delectstus iu$1s catulorum, porcellorum, ut perdices Inter se pugnarent 
• ut al aves parvuloe smsurn et deorsum volitarent, hin maxime delectatua, ut solitudines publics sublevaret. 
• Brumales loete ut possiut producere octes. a Miles. . * O dii similibus soepe convivii date ut lpso 
'tdeudo deIectetar, et postmlum nrraudo dele©tet. Theod. prodromus Amorurn di&]. interpret. GRberto 
Gaulinio. Epist. lih. 8. Rufliuo. • Hor. b Lib. 4. Gatlicm consuetudinis est ut vitoroe etin invites 
ueLetere og4at, et qud qu,lue corura autlicrit attt cob, u6rit de qu re quoertmt. ' Vit eu llb. . 



choly thoughts, was to hcar news, and to listen after those ordinary occurrences, 
which were brought him cure Fim, by letters or otherwise out of thc 
motest parts of Europe. Some men's whole delight is to tke tobacco, and 
drink all day long in a tavern or alchouse, to discourse, sing, jest, roar, talk 
a cock and bull over s pot, &c. Or when thrce or four good companions meet, 
tcll old stories by the fireside, or in the sun, as old fol -ls usuaLly do, quæ 
wmiter« sertes, rcmembering afresh and with plcasure anciettt matters, and 
such likc accidonts, which happened in their younger years: othcrs' best pas- 
rime is to gaine, nothing to them so pleasant. UHic F«r indsj«t, 
oquit amany .toe nicely take exceptions af card  tables, nd dice, 
such mixed lusorious lots, whom Gatker wdl eonthtes. Whicb though they 
be honest recreations in themselves, yet may jmtly be otherwise excepted 
as they are often abuoed, and ibrbidden  things most pernieio; 
em et damnosam, ' Lemnius OElls it. "For most part ia these kind ofdisports 
't no art or skill, but subtlety, cunnycatching, knveT, chance aud forto 
carries ail away ;" 'ris ambu[ato' ecuni«, 
'çcto mobllis horoe 
PeoEutat doo et cdt  teraJ. m 
They labour most  hot fo pass their te in honest disport, but for thy 
lucre, and covetousuess of money. InJoed'»tum lucm a svsn 
um convertitur,  »aneus observes. o fi'audum  ma&rum, 't the 
founain of eozenage and vlainy. "« thing so eommon a over Europe 
t day, d so generaHy abused, haç mauy men are utçerly done by 
their means spen, patrimo consumed, hey and he poseriy begçared 
besides awring, wranglg, drinking, loss of ime, d sueh inconvemences, 
which are ordary conconts: "rlbr when once/hey bave go s haun of 
such companies, d habit of gaming, they can hardly be drawn ff'oto i, bu 
as an ich i vill ickle hem, and  it is wih whoremte, on entered, 
hey canuoç easily leavo iç off:" Iret n iania po, they are 
upon heir spot. And la conclusion (which Carles he Sevenh, that good 
French ldng, published in an edic agains gamesers) und 1 et hila vit 
ugium sibi isque libe totiJhmil, &c. "Tha which was once heir 
livelihood, should havemainain wit, children, famy, is now spen and gone 
moeror  egta6 &c., rrow and begga sucoeeds. 8o good things may 
abused, and t which w first invened o «reresh men's weary spirits, whea 
hey corne from other labo and studies o exlamte he mind» o eneain 
ime and company, edious otherwise in hose long sdiary winter nigh 
keep them ri'oto worse matiez, an hones exercise is conrarily pervcted. 
he-play is a goed anti wity exercise of he mind for some kind of men» 
and fi br such melaucholy, his holds,  a idle, and bave extravagaaç 
imper/inen thoughts, or roubled with café, nong beter fo dtrac heir 
d, and aller their miaions: invented @orne y) by the "general of an 
army in a knfine, o keep soldie ri'oto mutiny: bu 2" if proceed from over- 
much sudy, in such a se i may do more harm than good  if h a gaine 
roublesome for some men's bras, oo fl of anxiey, aH ou  bad  sudy i 
bides i  s ges£y cholerie ffame, and very offensive o him tha loh 
mae. "Wm the Cnuer, in  yoger years» playing a che wih 

a Jnven. t They acconnt them unlawful because sortilegtous, m lnstlt, c. . In lais ludls plcrnrnque 
non ,trs &ut peritia viget» ae fratts, fllacia, dolus, astutia, cttstts, fortuna temerRas Iocurn habent', non rat|o 
consiliurn sapientla, &c. " In ,t moment ç'f fleeting rime it changes maters and submits to new con- 
l'o|." • Abtlstt$ tare freqtten$ hodie in Europa ttt plerique crebro harum usu patrimonittm profundatt, 
exhaustisque facultatibus, ad inopirn redigttntar, • Ubi s¢mel prurigo ista animum occuper[ oegre dincttti 
potcst, solicitlmtibus undique ejusdem faxinoe hornintbus, dtmnOsa ill4s voiupttes repcttmt, quod et scur- 
tatoribus insitum, &c. q Institttitur ista exercitatio, non lucri, sed valetudinis et oblectamenti ratione, et 
quo auimns defntigtus respiret, uovasque ire ed subeundos httmres denuo concipiat, •Latruncutorum 
htdus iuventus est à duce ut cure toiles intolerabiil faine laboraret, altero dle tslens ltcro ludens, OEmis 
obliviscerctur. Bellonius. ee mooE of this garr.e In Dauiel Soutr' Palnede ' d ariin lutlL l. . 
D. Hayward in its eju. 



346 Cure of '_gdanc]obj. [Part. 2. Sec. 2. 

the Prince of France (Dauphlné was net anncxed te that crown in those days) 
losing a mate, knockC the chess-board about his pare, which was a cause 
afterward of much enmity between them. For seine such reason it is belike 
that Patritius, in his 3. book, tir. 12. de reg. instit, forbids his prince te play 
st chess; hawking aud hunting, riding, &c. he wil| ailow ; and this te other 
men: but by no means te him. In ][uscovy, where they lire in stoves and hot 
bouses all winter long, corne seldom or little abroad, it is again very necery, 
ami thercfore in those parts, (ith 'Herbastein) much used. At Fez in Africa, 
where the like inconvenience of keeping within doors is through heat, it is 
very laudable; and (as Leo Afer tîlates) as much frequented. A sport fit 
for idle gentlewomen, soldiers in garrison, and courtiers that bave nought 
but love matters te busy themselves about, but net altogether se convenient for 
such as are students. The like I may say of Col. ]ruxer's philosophy game 
D. Fulke's $[etromachla and his OuronomacMa, with the test ofthose intricato 
astrological and geomctrical fictions, for such especially as are mathematically 
given ; and the rest of those curious games. 
Dancing, singing, masking, mumming, stage p|ays, howsoever they be heavily 
censured by seine severe Catos, yet if OlTortun.ly and soberly ud, may justly 
be approved. J[elius est fodere, quam saltare, saith Austin : but what is that 
if they delight in it| r Herno saltat sobrius. But in what kind of dance? ] 
-lnow these sports bave many oppugners, whole voh|mes writ against thcm .: 
when as all they say (if duly considered) is but ignoratlo Elenchi; and seine 
again, because they are new cold and wayward, past themselves, cavfl af all 
such youthful sports in others, as he did in the comedy; they think them, illico 
nasci sertes, &c. Seine out of preposterous zeal object many rimes trivial argu- 
ments, and because of seine abuse, will quite take away the good use, as if 
they should tbrbid wine because it makes men drunk ; but in my judgment 
they are too stern: there "is a rime for all things, a rime te mourn, a rime te 
dance," Eccles. iii. 4. "a rime te embrace, a time rot te embrace (verse ), 
and nothing bctter than that a man should rejoice in his own works," verse 2"2; 
for my part, I vill subscribe te theking's declaration, and was everofthat mimi, 
those May games, wakes, and Whitsun ales, &c., ifthey be net st unseasonable 
heure, may justly be permitted. Let them teely feast, sing and dance, have 
their luppet-plays, hobby-horses, rabots, crowds, bagpipcs, &c., play af ball, 
and barley-breaks, and what sports and recreations they like best. In Fran- 
conia, a province of Germany, (saith "Aubanus Bohemus) the old folks, after 
evening prayer, went te the alehouse, the younger sort te dance: and te say 
truth with Salisburiensis, satius fuerat sic otiari, uam turpius occupari, better 
de se than worse, as without question otherwise (such is the corruption of 
man's nature) many of them wfll de. For that cause, p]ays, masks, jesters, 
gladiators, tumblers, jugglers, &c., and all that crew is admitted and winked 
at : b Tota jocularlum scena procexl, et ":d spectacula adnissa sun, et infiMta 
tyrocinla va,itatum, ut his occuperrtur, qui perniciosiùs otiari solent : that thcy 
might be busied about such toys, that would otherwise more perniciously be 
idle. Se that as °Tacitus said of the astrologers in Rome, we may say of 
them, genus lwminum est quod in civat nostra et vitaitu.r semper etretineçbitur, 
thcy are a debauched company most part, still spoken against, as well they de- 
serve seine of them (for I go relish and distinguish them as fiddlers, and musi- 
cians), and yet ever retained. "Evil is net te be done (I oonfeas) that goo4 
may corne of it :" but this is evil Ter accidens, and, in a qualified sense, te 
avoid a greater inconvenienoe, may justly be olerated. 8ir Thomas More» in 



3fera. 4.] Exerc;se rcctcd. 3t7 

his Utopian Comraonwealth, ,,eas he will have none idle, so will he bave no 
man labour over hard, to be toiled out like a horse, 'ris more than slavish 
infelieity, the life of most of out hired servants and tradesmen elwhere (ex- 
cepting his Utopians) but half the day allotted for work, and h.'df for honest 
recreation, or whatsoever empl,,yment they shall think fit for themselves." If 
one half day in a week were allowed to oto" househdld servants for their merry- 
meetings, by their hard masters, or il, a year some feasts, lke those Yomaa 
Saturnals, I think they would labour hrder ail the rest of their rime, and both 
parties be better pleaed : but this needs hot (you will say), for some of thcm 
do nought but loiter ail the week long. 
This which I ara at, is for such as are fracti animis, troubled in mind, to 
esse them, over-toiled os the one part, to refresh: over idle on the other, to 
keep themselves busied. And fo this purpose, as any labour or employment 
,vill serve to the one, any honest recreation will conduce fo the other, so that 
be moderate and sparing, as the use of ment and drink; hot to spend ail their 
iife in gaming, playing, and pastimes, as too many gentlemett do ; but to revive 
our bodies and recreate out souls with bon,sg sports: of which as there be 
diverse sorts, and peculiar to several callings, ages, sexes, conditions, so there 
be proper for several seasons, and those of distinct natures, fo fit that variety 
of humours which is amongst them, tha if one wfll hot, another may : some in 
summer, some in winter, some gentle, some more violent, some for the mind 
aloue, some for the body and mind: (as fo some it is b,»th business and a plea- 
ant recreation to oversee workmen of all sorts, husbandry, cattle, horse, &e. 
To build, plog, projecg, to make models, cast up accounts, &c.) some without, 
some within doors; new, old, &c., as the selon serveth, and as men are 
elined. It is reported of Philippus Bonus, that good duke of Burgundy (by 
LodoviœeeaVives, itt Epist. and Pont. "/c[euter in his history) that the said dtoEe, 
st the matTiage of Eleonora, sister to the king of Portugal, at Bruges in Flan- 
ders, which was solemnized in the deep of winter, when, as by reason of unsea- 
sonable weather, he could neither ha'k nor hunt, and was now tired with cards, 
dice, &c., and such other domestic sports, or to sec ladies dance, with some 
of his courtiers, he would in the evening walk disguised ail about the town. 
so fortuned, as he was alking late one nigbt, he found a country feilow dead 
drunk, snorting on a bulk ; the caused his tbllowers to briug him to his palace, 
and there stripping him of his old clothes, and attiring him after the court 
fashion, when he waked, he and they were ail ready to attend upon his excel- 
lency, persuading hiu he was sorne great duke. The poor fellow admiring ho 
he came there, was served in state ail the &ty long; after supper he saw them 
dance, hcard music, and the res of those court-like pleasures: but late a 
night, when he was well ippled, and again fast asleep, they put on his o1,1 
robes, and so conveyed him to the place where they first round him. lqow the 
folio w had hot ruade them so good sport the day before as he did when he returned 
to himself; all thejes was, to sec how he Slooked upon it. in conclusion, aftr 
some little admiration» the poor man told his fi'iends ]te had seen a vision, 
consantly believed it, would hot otherwize be persuaded, and so thejest euded. 
Antiochus Epiphanes would often disguise himself, steal from his court., and 
go into merchants; g«,ldsmiths; and other tradesmen's shops, sit and talk with 
them, and sometimes ride or walk alone, and rail aboard with any tinke; 
clown, serving man, carrier, or whomsoever he met fitt Sometime he 
e insperato give a poor fellow money, to sec how he would look, or on set 

• Nemo desldet otIosus, Ira nerno asInlno more ad seram noctem laborat; nain eaplnsquam serrilis oerumn 
quoe opificum vit. est, exccptie Utopiensibus, qul diem in 24 horas dividunt, sex duntaxat operi deputan 
rehquum à somno et clbo cusque arbit'io peanitt,tur, • Rerum Bur$und. lib. 4. f Jussit hommem 
defcr'i ad palatium et leeto ducali coliocari, &c. mirari homo ubi se eo Ioci vider, • Quid interest, inqui$ 
Lodovicus Vives, (epist. ad Francise. Barducem) inter dlem ilhus et nostros aliquOt mmos! n£vfiI peaitu. 
nii quod &¢. • tien. Stephan. proefat, nerodv ri. 



318 Cure ofYI«lancfiol3t. [Part. 2. Sec. 2. 

lmrpose lose his purse as he went, to watch who round it, and withal how ho 
would be affected, and with such objects he was much delighted. ]iany such 
ttcks are ordinarily put in practice by great men, to exhilarate themselves and 
others, ail which are harmless jests, and have their good uses. 
But amongst those exercises, or recreations of the rnind withiu doors, thero 
is none so general, so aptly tobe applied to all sorts of meu, so fit and proper 
to expel idlcness and melancholy, as that of study : ,_qtudia s¢nectiem oblectaut» 
adolescenliam ahnt, secundas res o'nant, adversis ]mrfugi'am et solarium prw- 
bent, dtmzi delectant, &c., find thc test in Tully pro ArcMa Poeta. 
.f content, as te rend, walk, and sec maps, pictures, statues, jewels, marbles, 
,vhich seine se much magnify, as those hat Phidias ruade of old se exquisite 
and pleasing te be beheld, that as k Chrysostom thinketh, "if any man be sickly, 
troubled in ruind, or that canner sleep for grief, and shall but stand over against 
one of Phidms' images, ne will forger ail care, or whatsoever else may molest 
him, in an instant 't" There be those as much taken with ]Lichael Angclo's, 
Raphael de Urbino's, Francesco Francia's pieces, and many of those Itahan 
and Dutch painters, which were excellent in their ages; and esteem of it as a 
most pleasing sight, te view those neat architectures, devices, escutcheons, cents 
of arms, rend such books, te peruse old coins of several sorte in a fair gallery; 
artificial works, perspective glasses, old relies, Roman antiquities, variety of 
colours. A good picture isfalsa veritas, et muta poesis: and thongh (as IVives 
saith) artialia delectant, sed moxfitstidimus, artificial toys pleaze but for a 
rime; yet who is ne that will net be moved with them for the presentl When 
Achiiles was tormented and sad for the loss of his dear friend Patroclus, his 
mother Thetis brought him a most elaborate and curious buckler ruade by 
Yulcan, in which were engraven sun, moon, stars, planets, sea, land, men 
fighting, runuing, riding, women scolding, hills, dales, towns, castles, brooks, 
rivers, trees, &c., with many pretty landscapes, and perspective pieces : with 
ight of which he was infinitely delighted, and much eased of his grief- 

u m Continue ce apectaculo captu delcnito moerre 
Oblcctabatn'» in rnanibua tenens dei vplentlda dona " 

VTho will notbe affected so in Iike case, or to sec those well-furnished cloisters 
and galleries ofthe Roman cardinals, st) richly stored with all modern pictures, 
old statues ard antiquities  Cure se  sl)ectando 'ecreet simul et legendo, to 
sec their pictures alone and rend the description, as Boissardus well adds, 
whom wfll it hot affect  which Bozius, Pomponins Loetus, ])iarlianus, Schottus, 
Cavelerius, Ligorius, &c., and ne himself bath well performed of late. Or in 
some prince's cabinets, like that of the great dukes in Florence, of Fciix 1)la - 
tcrus in 13asil, or noblemen's bouses, to sec such variety of attires, fices, so 
nmny, so rare, and such exquisite pieces, of men, birds, beasts, &c., to sec 
those excellent landscapes, Dutch works, and curious cuts of Sadliex of Praguc, 
Albertus Durer, Goltzius Vrintes, &c., such pleasant pieces of perspective, 
lndian pictures ruade of feathers, China works, l'rames, thaumaturgical motions, 
cxotic toys, &c. Vho is ne that is now wholly overcome with idleness, or other- 
,vise involved in a labyrinth of worldly cares, troubles and discontents, that will 
hot be much lightened in his mind by reading of some enticing story, tle or 
îeigned, where an in a glasa he shall observe what ont forefathera have donc, 
thc beginnings, ruinss tklls, periods of commonwealthss private mea's actions 
disl,layed to the Iii'e, &c. °-Plutarch therefore call. them, se¢uMas mesas et 

t u Stdy !$ the delight of old age. the support of youth, the ornament of properity, the sole d refuge 
of veity» the comfort of domtic lift'" &c.  Orat. 12. siqu anime fuerit affiict ut oeg«G nec 
somnum ad,nitten i$ mihi videtm" è reKione vtns taHs m obcl o poe» quoe hu,nan vi 
atcia et dicilia accldere soient, t 3. De  oe zd. 19.  To. Rem. p. 1. 



ilem. .] Exercise rect;fied. 39 

beJ/ar/a, tbe econd course and juukets, ecause they were ua]ly rea«l 
noblemen's lents. Who  hot earaestly affected with n pionate speech, 
well penned, n elegant poem, or some ple3sant bewitching dcoue» le 
of elioos» b oblectat quædam placi fu cum hlhritat« conjuta 
ffulin h pos ns so ake ith nn orion of Libni, the sophister, 
that, as he confcseth, he culd hot be quiet till be had rend if all out. 
at&nem luam g ex parte, lsler d& ae prandiam, pra vo, 
ul intevmiss lom abs,lvi. « 0 arguera! 0 compionem[ I may 
aay the saine of this or that pleing tract, which will dv his attention 
along with it. To most kind of men it h an extraordhary delight to study. 
For what a world of books oflhrs itsel in ail subjccts, arts, and scienoes, to 
the sweet content d capacity of the reader?  arithmetic, geometry, per- 
spective, opti, tronomy, architecture, sculpture, painting, of which so mny 
and such elborte treat are of late written : in mechaaics and the mys- 
ries, mitary matters, navigation, "riding of horses, "fencing, swimming, 
gardening, planting, great tomo of hbandry, cke, falcon, hunting, 
fishing, fowling, &c., with exquisite pictures of all spots, gaines, and what hot 
In music, metaphysics, natural and moral philosophy, philology, in poliçv, 
heraldry, genealo7, chronolo, &a, they afford goeat tome or those studiea 
of tantiquity, &c., e$  qu stili _4rilht invtn, qu julius 
t[usic atnibu, quid divini A stronom, qu rti Geogr de 
ratnus ? What so sur% what so pierrot ? e that shal[ but e 
geometrical tower of Grezenda t Bologna iu Itly, the steeple and clock 
trburg, will admire the effects of art, or that engine of 'chimed, to 
remove the eah ielç if he h but a pla to fn his itrument: Archi- 
medis Cochlea, and rare devioes to coivate waters, musioEl truments, and 
tri-syllble echo again, agin, and again repeated, with myriads of such. 
vt tomes are extant in law, physic, nd divinity, for profit, pleasure, proetice, 
specuhtion, in verse or prose, &c. ! the names alone are the subject of 
whole volumes, we bave thounds of authors of all so, many great li braH 
fidl well fuished, ke so many dishes of mont, served out for several œMates; 
and he is a veblk that is ccted with mne of them. Some takean infi- 
nite deghç to study the very lanages wherein thes books ara itten, 
Hebrew, Greek, Sy@c, Chédé, Arabic, &c. Iethi it would please any 
man to lok upon  geographioEl map, a animum del«tatne allice, oh 
incribm m vam eg jucu»tditam, eg ad pniorem i 
are, chorographical, topographil delineations,  behold, a if were, ait 
the remote provinces, towas, cities of the world, d never to  foh of the 
limits of  study, to mesure by the sle and compas the extent, distance, 
exame thcir site. Charles the Goeat,  Platina -it, bd thoee dr silver 
table, in one of which superficies w a large map of Constantinople, in the 
second Rome neatlyenaved, in the third an exquisite dription of the x hole 
world, and much delighç he took in the What 'eater plure n there 
now be, than to ew those elborate maps ofOe,Mercator, Hondiu &c. 
To pese those books of citie put out by Braunus and Hogenberl To 
rd those exquite descriptions of hIanus, Iunster, en'cra, Lt, hIe]l 
Boterus, ander, Albertus, Camden, o Af«r, Adcomius, ic. Gerbelius, 
&a I Those mo expe&o of Christoph. Colnmb, efic Vpuciu 

• Ielanc{hoa de IIeli«doro. « I rend a eouslderable part of your speech belote d;nnoe, but aer I had 
dlned 1 finished it coml,letely. Oh 'hat arment what eloqence ! rPlun, • Ïhibauit. 
tas in aveaing the rt go foard and look fore them, n qa aloe ioo d about 
ing things p &, hath a eomplete bedon. Jan Biffons. -Cardsu. u t hat la more eubtle 
than rithmetii conclusions; what more aeeble than mlc honi; whst more divine than 
tronomic, what more certain than geomecaldonstratious [" • Hondi proefat. Merc 
s. "It allures the mind by its agreble atacion, on count of the lnel»ie ve d leb 
oe of the ucc d exci W a fex ste  owledg"  Atl 



350 Cure of Me[ancholy. [Part. 2. Sec. 

IIarcus Polus the Venetian, Lod. Vertomannus, Aloysius Cadamustus, &c. 
ïhose accurate diariesof Portuguese, ttollandet, of Bartison, Oliver à Nort, &c. 
:t/akluy,'s voyages, Pet. :lartyr's Decades, Bezo, Lett Linschoten's rela- 
tions, those Hodoeporicons of Jud. a ]Ieggen, Brocard the mouk, Bredenbachius, 
Jo. Dublinius, Sands, &c., to Jerusalcm, Egypt, and othtr remote places of 
the world those pleasant itinerariesof Paulus Henterus, Jodocus incerus, 
]Dux Polonus, &c., to rel Bellouius' observations, P. Gillius his surveys; thoso 
l»arts of America, set out, and curiously cul, in pictures, by Fratres a Bi T. To 
ste a well-cu, herbal, herbs, trees, flowers, plangs, ail vegegables expressed in 
their proDer colours fo the lile, as that of ]Iatthiolus upon Dioscorides, Dela- 
campius, Lobel, Bauhinus, and that last voluminous and mighty herbal of 
]eslar of Nuremburg, wherein almest every plant is to his own biaess. To 
ste birds, beasts, and fish of the ses, spiders, gnats, serpents, flies, &c., all 
e'eatures set out by the saine art, and truly expressed in lively colours, with an 
exact description of their natures, virtues, qualities, &c., as bath been accu- 
rattly performed by-Elian, Gesner, Ulysses kldrovandus, Bellonius, Rondole- 
tirés, Hippolytus Salvianus, &c.  Arcana coeli, naturtv secrets, ordiefft universi 
scire majoris felicitatis e dulcedins est, quam cogitatione quis assequi iossit , sut. 
mortalis sperare. What more pleasing studie can there be than the mathe- 
matics, theoretic.l or practical parts? as to survey land, make maps, raodels, 
dials, &e.,with which I was ever much delighted myself. Talis es I1at]temam, 
»ulchriudo (saith Plutarch) ut. !,.is iwlignum si divitiaru»n h«leras istas e 
Itdlas, e$uellaria spectacula co»ntarari; such la the excellencyof these studies, 
that ail those ornaments and childish bubbles of wealth, are hot worthy to be 
compared to them: credi mihi (saith one) extingui dulce eri$ ]rathematicaru 
artiura studio, I could even live and die with such meditations, nd tke more 
dclight, true content of mindin them, than thou hast in ail thy wealth and sport, 
how rich soever thou art. And as Cardan wcll seconds me, 
mgis est et gloriosun, hŒEc intdligere, qua», provi,ciis preeesse, formosu», sut 
ditem juvenem esse.* The like pleasure thtre is in all other studies, to such 
a. are truly addicted to them, tes suavitas (one holds) ut cu»t quis es degusta. 
verit, quasi poculis Circeis captus, no»t possit unqttam ab illis divelli ; the like 
sweetness, which as Circe's cu l) bewitcheth a student, he cannot leave off, as 
wc|! may witness those many laborious hours, days and nights, spent in the 
vvluminom treatises written by them; the same content. SJulius Scaliger 
was so much afftcted with poetry, that he brake out into a pathetical protesta- 
tion, he had rather be the author of twtlve verses in Lucan, or such an ode 
 l-[orace, than emperor of Germany. tNicholas Gerbelius, that good old man, 
xvas so much ravLhed with a few Greek authors restored to light, with hopv 
and desireofenjoying the rest, that he exclaims forthwith, Aroe/bus arque Idis 
omnibus erimus ditiores, we shall be ficher than ail the Arable or Indiaa 
1,rinces; of such est.eem they were with him, incomparable worth and value. 
eneca prefers Zeno and Chrysippus, two doting stoics (he wasso much ena- 
rnoured of their works),before any prince or generalof an army; and Orontius, 
the mathematician, so far admires Archimedes, that he calls him, Divinura 
]wmi:ze majorem, a pett.y god, more than a man; and well he might, for 
aught [ set, if you respect itme or worth Pindarus, of Thebes, is as much 
'enowned for his poems, as Epamiuondas, lelopidas, Hercules or Bcchus, his 
thllow citizens, lbr thcir warlike actions i et siJhraam res_pleins, non laaucivres 

• Cardan. "To learn tire mysteries of the he&ven, the secret woridngs of nature, the order of the unlvers 
|s a greater h&ppine$ and g'ati#iction thon a«]y mortal c think or expect to obtain." s Lib. de cupid. 
divit,am, bLeon. Diggffi. prœeft, sd rpet. prognos • i'1 capio voluptatl &¢. a [ 
ipperen. dits. 3. "" It  more honourable and gloo to understaud th« truths th to vern 
Drovin   beautlful, or to  yog."  Card. proeft rerum varier, • Poeti iib.  LIb. 3. 
Ode 9 Don at er tibi, &c.  De Pelouon. b. 6. dvt Gr  Qu  tegro 
ber¢mu Dfi boni» qu op quo thao n-   " 



Mem. 4.] Exerclse rectfied. 851 

A rstotdi quan Alextndr mi,erun (as Cardan notes), Ar]stofle  more 
knowu than lexander; for we h«xv« a bure relation of Alexander's doeds, 
but Aristotle, tvtus  in onu,n$s, is whole in his works: yet I stand 
hot upon this; the delight is it, which I aire at, so great pleasure, mmh swect 
content there is in study. *King James, 1605, when he cme to oee our 
Uuiversityof Oxfrd, and amongst other .c now went to view thut fmous 
library, renewed by Sir Thom Bodley, in imitation of Alexauder, 
departure brake out iuto th,t noble spch, If I were uot u kittg. I would be 
university mau : "aud if if were eo that I musg   prisouer, if I 
bave my wish, I wouId dese to haveno oçher prn than that brary, and to 
b« chained together with so mauy good authom e ,rt« magr." So 
sweet is çhe deHght of study, the more learniug they bave ( he that hath 
dropsy, the more he driu the thrstier he ) the more they covet to learu, 
and the last day is pr&r dcipulus; harsh at tiret learng is, radis amaroe, 
l»ugfrucus dc, according to that of Isocrat, pleant at last; the longer 
they lire, the more they are enamoured with the lu. Heinsi, the keeper 
of the libm T ag Leydeu  Hollaud, w mewed up iu it cH the year long; 
and tha which to thy thinking shouhi bave bred a lthing, ud in hhu 
gmater liIdng. "I no sooner (saith he) corne to the librry, but I bolg the 
door Vo me, excluding lus#, ambition, avarioe, and ail such vices, whe nur 
is idleness, the mother of iguoranoe, and melancholy herl and u the vet T 
lap of eternity, amongst so many divine soul I take my t, with so lohy 
a spirit uud swoet content, thatI pity a out groEt one aud r]ch meu that kuov hot this happiness."I ara hot ignorant in the meantime (notwith- 
standing this which 1 bave said) how rbusly aud bely, for the most 
part, out der gentry esteem of librari aud book hov they neglecg aud 
cougemn so gtat a treure,  inestimable  beuefit,  sop's cock did the 
jewel he fouud in th« dunghi]l; aud ail through error, iorauce, and 
of edution. Aud 't a wouder, with, to observe how much they wl 
vMuly ctway in unnecessaT expert, quo$ d ern$ (sith «Erasmus) 
gnatibus peniw, quatum abîmant a, scorta, compotat, prqf«ti,» 
non csariœe, pompoe, bea qta, amb, colax, rio, lud, &c., what 
in hawks, hound¢ laws vain bufiding, govmanding, drinking, sports, 
plays, ptimea, . If a wdl-minded man to the Iuses would sue to mme 
of them for au exhibition, to the farther mainnce or eulargement of such 
a work, be it oellege, lecture, hbrary, or whatsver else may tend 
advancemeut of learning, they are ao unwilling, so ave, that they had rather 
ae theoe which are already, with such cost and cure erected, utçerly ruined, 
demoled or otherwise employ; for they repine many and grudge at sucb 
gifts and reveuu so bwed: and therefore it were in vain,  Erasm 
el[ notes, val ab h, val à gotir qui se Mamnoe runt, imr 
bumrtasse ta ocium .ere, to soHcit or k any thing of such men that 
ara likely mued  rich; to this purpe. For my part I pity these me 
stgosjub  libenr, let them go  they are, in the catalogue of Ignora- 
mu How much, on the other side, are ail we bouud that are scholam, to 
those muuifioeaç Ptolomies, bount Mœeoeaas» hemid patron» divina 
»pirits, 
 " obis hœec otla feeen amque eEt ille mihi semper De  
athée bling fi-iend, a Deity bestow'd, 
or cver  I dm  1 th Goal." 
That ve pmvided for us so many we-mh hbmries,  well  in out 
t I¢k Wake mœe ret, m Si uquam mihi iu fat ti ut eapti ducat, ai mi det opti 
hoc cupoeem rcere concludi, h oetet Hiigar aura hlsce ptiv ncatena/t$ oetatem ere. t Epis 
Pfimlero. leruuque  qua im ac pem pouç f¢b p ob; ambiti«nem tem, amore 
bidinem, etc. exeludo, quorum parens t ivi imperifia n utx et in ipso oeternitatis emio, inter rot 
uœ anim dem mihi tumo, cure ingen qdem imo, ut subinde mt mv r 
cm c ignorer, • G 2. Cent. 1. Adag. 1. » Vg. eelog, l. 



lnblic academles in most clties, as in our private colleges? How shall 
remember «Sir Thomas Bodley, amongs the rest, rOtho Nicholson, and tho 
igh Reverend John Williams, rd Bishop of Lincoln (with many othcr 
piom acts), who besides that at St. John's Collego in Cambridge, that in 
Vestminsr, is nox likewe in F& xvith a library at Lincoln (a noblo 
poedenç for all corporate towm and citi to imitate), 0 ça t 
(vit OEtsi), qu egi ? But to my t«k again. 
Vhosoever he is therefore that  overrun with lirineu, or carried away 
with pling mencholy and vain oenoeits, aud for want ofemployment knows 
hot how to spend hh time, or cmcified with worldly tare, I oen l»rribe him 
no better remedy than this of study,  oempooe himself to the lrning of some 
art or ience. Provided alwa that this malady prooe hot fmm overmuch 
study; for in such ce he ds fuel to the tire, and nothing oen be more per- 
nicio; let him take heed he do hot ovemtretch h wits, and m;tke a skelea 
of himself; or such iuamoratos  read nothing but play-books, idle poems, 
jesu, Amadis de Gmtl, the Knight of the Sun, the Seven Champion Pahnerin 
de Oliva, uon of Bourdeaux, &a Such many times prove in the end 
m  Don Quixote. Study is only pribed to those that are otheise 
i,lle, troubled in mind, or OErried heoelong with vain tho,ghts and imagination¢ 
fo distract their cogitions (although variety of study, or some serio subject, 
would do the former no barre), and divert the oentintml meditions anothcr 
way. othing in this c better than study; semper alu r 
cant, ith Pi, let them lea sometng without book, transcribe, transte, 
Oe. Rd the Scfipture, which Hypefius, l. 1.  qt script. t. fol. 77. 
holds available of itoeg, "" the min,l  eroeted thereby from ail worldly carcs, 
and hath much quiet and tranqu[lliy." For as Austin well hath if, 'tis 
ent srum, ni  dr, omni pa avr, d vi hoe : 
'ris the bt nepenthe, suret oerdial, sweetest alterative, prent diverter: 
fi,r neither   Chrsm well adds, "thooe boughs and leaves of tmes which 
are plhed for OEttle to stand der, in the heat of the day, in summer, so 
much refi'esh them with their acceptable shade,  thc rding of t Scripture 
doth recreate and oemfort a distreed soul, in sorrow and affliction." Paul 
bids "pmy continlly ;" çuod c corporl, ct ani»facit, sith Senoea, 
 meat is to the body, such  madg to the so. "'To be at lehure with- 
out books is another hell, and to bo buried alive." CaMan OElls a libroey 
the physic of the soul ; ""vine authom fov the mhoE make men bold and 
oenstant; and ( yperius adds) godly oenferen will hot permit the mind to 
be tortured with absurd cotations." hh enjoins continual oeemnce to 
such melancholy men, perpetual discoue of some history, le, poem, new 
&c., teos s re  bere, oeç jucuum ç bus, We 
which fes the mind  mt and drink doth the body, d pleth  much : 
and therefore the id his, hot without good oeu, wod lmve somebody 
stfll OE oeriously, or dhpute with them, and sometimes "" to OEvil and wranglo 
(so that it break hot out to a violeht peurbation), for such altercation h like 
stiing of a dead tire to make it burn afresh," it whets a dull spirit, "and 
ll hot surfer the mind to be droed in those profound cogitions, wch 
melancholy men are commonly troubled with." b Ferdinand and Alpho 
kings of agon and Sicily, vere both cured by reading the history, one of 
Cti the other of Li, when no preoeribed physic would tke place. 

« Founder of our pub!le library in 0xon. • Ours in Christ Church, 0xon. * Animus levafur |nde 
|t euris rouira quiete et trauquilUtate fruens, t Ser. 38. ad Fratres Erem. • Hom. 4. de loenitenti 
l'am neque arborum ©omoe propecorum tugurils factoe, meridie per oestatem, optabllem exhibentes umbram 
eves ira rcflciunt, ac scripturarum ]ectio aJfictas angore auimas solatur et recreat.  Otium aine literL 
n3ors est, et vivi hominls sepultura. Seneca. • Cap. 99.1. 5"/. de rer. var. • Fortem reddunt auimtun 
et constantem; et plum colloqulum non permlttit animum absardcogitationetorqueri, aAltercationibus 
tantur, qu non permittunt animum submergi profaudis ¢.ogitationibu de quibua otio cogitat et txita.. 
tut in fia. Bodin. Drefat. al meth. hit. 



tarins ° relates as much of Lorenzo de' Medici. Y[eathen philosophcrs are so 
full of divine precepts in this kind, that, as some think, they alone are able fo 
seille a distressed mind. «Surir verba et voces, OEtibus lt, nc lenire dolem, &c. 
Epictetus, lalutarch, and Seneca; qualis il, quce teht, saith Lipsius, adversus 
omnes ammi casus admlnistrat, et ipsam mortem, quomod6 vltia eripit, infert 
virtttes ? when I rend Seneca, "°meçhinks I ara beyond ail human fortunes, 
on the top of a bill above morality." llutarch saith as much of IIomel; ior 
which cause belike Niceratus, in Xenophon, was ruade by his parents fo con 
l [omer's Iliads and Odysseys, without book,  in virurn bouum evaderet, as well 
t,» make him a good and honest man, a. te avoid idleness. If this comfort bo 
gel frein philosophy, what s]mll be had from divinity? What shall Au, tin, 
tJyprian, Gregory, Bernard's divine meditoEtions afford 
"Qui quid sit pulchrum, quid turpe, quid utile, quid non, 
i'lenius et melitm Chrysippo et Crantore dicunt.'" 
:y, wht shall the Scripture itself| Which is like an apothecary's sh-p, 
whcrein.are ail remedies for ail infirmities of mind, purgatives, cordials, altera- 
rives, cor,'oboratives, lcnitives, &c "Every disease ofthe soul," saith Sustiu, 
"' bath a pecldiar medicine in the Scripture ; this only is required, that th 
sick man take the potion which Goal bath already tempered."  Gregory calts 
il "a glass wherein we may see ail otlr infirmities," ignitum colloquitm, 
lasalm cxix. 140, 'Origen a charm. And therefore Iierom preribes P.u.- 
tieus the monk, "coninually to rend the Scripture, and fo meditate on that 
which he bath l, ad ; for as mastication is fo ment, so is meditaçion on that 
which we rend." I would for these causes wish him that is melancholy fo uso 
both human and divine authors, voluntarily fo impose some task upon himselt 
fo diver his melancholy thoughts : fo study the art of memory, Cosmus l,osse- 
lius, Pet. 1Lvennas, Scenkelius' Detectus, or practise Brachygraphy, &c., that 
will ask a great deal of attention : or let him demonsçrate a proposition in 
Euclid, in his rive last books, extract a square foot, or study &lgebra : than 
v¢hich, as  Clavius holds, "in ail human disciplines nothing eau be more ex- 
cellent and p!easant, so abstruse and recondite, so bewitching, so miraculous, so 
ravishing, so esy withal and full of delight," omnem liumanum capture supe- 
fa.re videtur. By this means yot may define ex un.qv2 leonem, a.. the diverb is, 
by his thumb alone the bigness of Hercules, or the t.rue dimcnsions of tho 
great TM Colossus, Solomon's temple, and Domitian's amphitheatre out of a little 
part. By this art you may contemplate thevariation of the twenty- three letters, 
which may be so infinitely varied, that the words complicated and deduccd 
thence will hot be contained vithin the compass of the fi,maament ; ten words 
may be varied ,0,320 sevel ways : by this art you may examine how many 
mes may stand one by anoçher in the whole superficies of the earth, some say 
148,.i56,800,000,000, assinando singulis passurn quadrature (assigning 
square foot fo each), how many men, supposing ail the world as habitable as 
France, as fruifful and so long-lived, may be born in 60,000 years, and so may 
you demonstrate with ° &rchimedes how many sands the mass of the whole 
world might contain if ail sandy, if yoa did but first know h»w much a small 
c;tbe as big as a mustard-seed might hold, with infinite such. lut in ail nature 
what is there sostupendous as to examine and calculatethe motionof the planers, 
their magnitudes, apogees, perigees eccentriciti.es, how fir distant from tho 

• Operum subc'ts, el. 15.  Hot. t Ft¢ndum est cacumine Olympi oenstitut supra ventes et 
.........  humn e" Who exvlain what is faw, foui, ef worthls, mure fly nd 
fithfIy than Chrysippus and Crantor " g In s. xxxw. omn morbm imi in  "p à habet medlCi- 
nam tantum opm t ut qui sit rager, non recmetpotionem qnam Dem temper$t.  In moral. eculum 
quo nm intue pous. I Hem. . Ut innmtione viris fugat, ils lectione malm. « lterum 
atqne iterum moneo, nt lmam eacroe »cript lecttone ocçp. Mtict vinum pabum meditio. 
lad 2. deBnit. 2. etem. ltt dipUn humni uihil prtti reritur : quippe mira quœedam 
umerorum eruit tm bstra et recondi nta nilo mi facilitme et volupte, rit» &c. m Whh 
utaed 1»00,0 wcights of brs. - Vide Glvium  «. de Srobosco. 



Cure ofMel, ancholy. [Paa. 2. Sec. 2. 

earth, the bignesa, thickness, compass of the firmament, each star, with their 
diameters and clrcumference, apparent area, superficies, by those curious helps 
of glasses, astrolabes, sextants, qudrants, of which Tycho Brahé in lais 
chanies, optics (°divine opties), arithmetic, geometry, and suoh like arts and 
instrume,ts? What so intricate and pleasing withal, as to peruse and prac- 
tise Heron Alexandrinus's works, de spi.talibus, de machinis begllvis, de machinal 
se rwvene, Jordani Vemorarii de londeribus propos. 13, that pleasant tract 
of 1Kachometes Bragdedinus de supe4zrum dtvw'nibus, Apollonlus s Comœee, 
or Commandinus's labom in tht kind, de centro gravitatis, with many such 
geometrical theorems and problems? Those rare instruments and mechanical 
inventions of Jan Iessonu and Cardan to this purpose, with many such 
experiments intimated long since by Roger Bacon, in his tract de PSecre$/s artis 
et naturce, as to make a chariot fo more sine animali, diving boats, to walk on 
the water by art, and to fly in the air, to make several cmnes and pulleys, qui- 
bus lwno trahat ad se mille lwmines, lift up and remove great weights, mills to 
more themselves, Archita's dove, Albertus's brazen head, and such thauma- 
turgical works. But especially to do strange miracles by glasses, of which 
Proclus and Bacon writ of old, burning glasses, multiplying glasses, perspec- 
tives, ut utus homo appareat exercius, to see afar off, to represent solid bodies 
by cylinders and concaves, to walk in the air, ut veracter videant (saith Bacon) 
aurum e argenture e quiuid aliud volunt, et quum ve'niant ad locum visionis, 
nild inveniant, which glasses are much perfected of late by Baptista Porta and 
Galileo, and much more is promised by Maginus and Midorgius, to be performed 
in this kind. Otocousticons some speak of, to intcnd hearing, as the other do 
sight; hIarcellus Vrenckcn, a Hollander, in his epistle to Burgravius, makes 
lnention ofa friend of his that is about an instrument, quo vide) quoe it vdero 
lwrizonte sint. But out alchymists, methinks, and l%osicmcias afford most 
rarities, and are fuller of experiments: they can make gold, separate and alter 
metals, extrac oils, salts, lees, and do more strange works than Geber, Lullius, 
Bacon, or any of those ancîents. Crollius bath ruade after his toaster Para- 
celsus, aurur, fulminans, or aurum volatile, which shall imitate thunder and 
]ightning, and crack luder than any gunpowder; Cornelius Drible a perpetnal 
motion, inextinguishable lights, linum non ardens, with many such feats; see his 
book de natrâ elementorum, besides hall, wind, maow, thunder, lightning, &c., 
those strnge fire-works, devilish petards, and such like warlike machinations 
derived hence, of which read Tartalea and others. Ernestus Burgravius, a 
disciple of Paracelsus, hath published a discourse, in which he specifies a lamp 
to be ruade of man's blood, Lucerna vitoe et martis index, so he terres if, which 
chemically prepared forty days, and afterwaxds kept in a glass, shall show all 
the accidents of this life ; si lampas hic clarus, tunc lwmo hilaris e sanus cor- 
ære et aninw ; si nebulosus et depressus, alè a.f4.tur, et sc I,'o statu hominis 
varlatur, unde sumptus sanguis; «and which is most wonderful, it dies with 
the paly, cure homine petit, et evanesci, the lamp and the man whence the 
blood was taken, are extinguished together. The saine author bath another 
tract of Mumia (all out as vain and prodigious as the first) by which he will 
cure most diseases, and transfer them from a man to a beast, by drawing blood 
ïrom one, and applying it fo the other, vel in plantain derlvare, and an A/ex 
phar»acum, of which I:oger Bacon ofold in his Tract. de retardanda senectute, 
to make a man young again, lire three or four hundred years. Besides pana- 
ce.s, martial anaulets, unjuentuva armarium, balsams, arrange extracts, elixirs, 
and such like maco-magnetical cures. Tow what so pleasing OEn there be 
as the speculatior, of these things, to rend and examine mach experiment or 

• DIstantIas coelorum ols OptIca dijudicat.  Cap. 4. et .5. q « If the lsmp bur brightly, then 
[he man i$ cheerful and healthy in rnind and body; il', on the other hand, he frorn whom the blood i tak¢ 
be melancholic or a spendthri then It will burn dimly» and flicker in the ocket." 



Mem. 4.] Exereçze rected. 355 

if a man be more mathematically given, to calculatc, or peruse Napicr's Loga- 
rithms, or those tables of mificial "sines and tangents, hot long since set out 
by mine old collegJate, good friend, and ]ate fellow-student of Christ-church in 
Oxford, "Mr. Edmund Gnter, which will peform that by addition and sub- 
traction only, which heretofore Reomontanuss tables did by multiplication 
and division, or those elaborate conclusions of his tsector, quadrant, and 
cross-staff. Or let him that in melancholy ccdate spherical triangles, aquar 0 
a circle, cast a nativity, vhich howsoever aome fax, I say with °Crcoe% 
dbimus hoc peulzntbts ingenils, we will in some cases llow : or let him 
make an ephemerides, rend Suisset, the OEleulator'a worka, Sealiger de emen- 
datione temporum, and Petavius his adversary, till he understnd them:. 
peruse aubtle Seotus and Suarez'a metaphyaies, or achool divinity, Oeeam, 
Thomas, Entisberus, Durand, &e. If those other do hot affect him, and his 
meana be great, to employ his purse and fill his head, he may go find the 
philesopher'a atone ; he may apply his mind, I say, to heraldry, antiquity, 
invent impresses, emblema; make epitha]amiums, epitaphs, elegies, epigrams, 
palindroma epigrammata, anagra ms, ehronograms, aerosties, upon his friends' 
names ; or write a comment on ]V[artianus Capella, Tertullian de pallio, the 
Nubian geography, or upon/Elia Loelia Crisp% as many idle fellows have 
essayed; and rather than do nothing, vary a verse a thousand ways with 
Putean, so torturing his wits, or as linnerus of Luueburgh, r 2150 time8 
in his PToeus Poe$icus, or Scaliger, Chrysolithus, Cleppis8ius, and others, 
bave in like sort done. If such voluntary tasks, pleasure and delight, or 
crabbedness of these studies, will hot yet d2vert their idle thoughts, and 
alienate their imaginations, they must be compelled, saith Christophorus à 
Vega, cogi debent, l. 5. c. 14, upon some mulct, ff they perform it not, quod 
ex oJficio incumbat, loss of credit or disgrace, such as our public Univeity 
exercises. For, as he that plays for nothing will notheed his gaine; no 
more will voluntary employment so thoroughly affect a student, except he bo 
very intent of himself, and take an extmordinary delight in the study, aboub 
which he is conversant. It should be of that natm his business, which 
volens wlens he must necessarily undergo, and without great loss, mulct, 
shame, or hinderance, he may hot omit. 
low for women, instead of laborious studies, they bave curious needle- 
works, cut-works, spinning, bone-lace, and many pretty devices of their own 
making, to adora their honses, cushions, earpets, chairs, stools (" for she eats 
hot the bred of idleness," Prov. xxxL 27. uees£t lanam e linum), con. 
ihctions, conserves, distillations, &c., which they show fo strangers. 
«" Ipa come l)r..eque operis ven|entibtt u]tro | « Which to her gsts she ehows, with all ber pelf, 
Hospitibus monstrare solet, non segniter horaa i Tht far my maid» but this I did mysel£." 
Contestata snaS, ced nec sibi deperiis se." 
Thia thêy have to busy themselvea about, household offices, &e., "neat gardens, 
full of exotic, versicolour, d2versely varied, sweet-amelling flbwers, and planta 
in al] kinda, which they are most ambitions to get, ettrious to preserve and 
keep, proud fo lossess, and much many rimes brag of. Their merry meetings 
and frequent visitation.s, mutual invitations in good towns, I voluntarily omit, 
which are so much in use, gossipping among the meŒner sort, &c., old folks 
bave theirbeads; an excellent invention to keep them from idleness, that are by 
nature melancholy, and past all affairs, fo y so many patraosters, avemarias, 
ereeda, if it were hot profane aaxd auperstitions. In a word, body and mlud 
mnst be exercised, hot one, but both, and that in a mediocrity; otherwiae it 

tPrlnted st London, Anno 1620. . Once astronomy reader at Greham College. tPrintcd at London 
by William Jone, 1623. «Ptyoefst. Meth..etroL • To t. tibi etmt dotes v|rgo, qttot atdert coelo. 
• Da pie Chrieti urbi bona et pax tempore noetro, aChaloneru Lib. 9. de ltep. AngcL aHortu 
ooronarit medicu et culinartt» &c. 



356 Cure of Melancholy. [Part. 2. Sec. 2. 

will cause a grcat inconvenience. If the body be overtired, if tis the mind. 
The mind oppresseth the body, as with students it oftentimes falls out, who 
(as blalutarch observes) have no cure of the body, "but compel that which is 
mortal to do as much as that which is immortal: that which is earthly, as 
that which is ethereaL :But as the ox tired, told the camel (both serving 
one master), that reïused fo curry some part of his burden, before if were long 
he should be compelled to curry ail his pack, and skin fo boot (which by and 
by, the ox being dead, fell out), the body may say to the soul, that will give 
him no respire or remission: a little after, an ague, vertigo, consumption, 
seizeth on them both, ail his study is omitted, and they must be compelled fo 
be sick together:" he that tenders his own good estate, and health, must let 
them draw with equal yoke, both alikc, "that so they may hapI,fly enjoy 
their wished hcalth." 

IEIB. V. 
Wa]d,g and terribl Dreams rect.ftexl. 
As waking that hurts, by all meaus musV be avoided, so sleep, which so 
much helps, by like ways, "%nusV be procured, by nature or art, iuward or 
outward medicincs, and be protractcd longer than ordinary, if iL may be, as 
being an especial help." It moistens and tttens the body, concocts, and 
helps digestion (as we see in dormicc» and those Alpine mice VbaV sleep all 
winter), which Gesner speaks of, when Vhey are so tbuud sleeping under th 
suow in the dead of winter, as fat as butter. If expels cares pacifies the 
mind, refresheth the weary limbs after long work : 
' • Somne, qules rerum, placidisslme somne deorum» ! s« Sleep, rest of thlng, 0 pleasing deity, 
Pax animi, quem cura rugit, qui corpora duris [ Peace of the soul, which cares dost crucify 
Fessa ministeriis mulccs reparasque labori." Weary bodies refreah and mollify." 
The chiefesV thing in all physic, tParacelsus calls it, omnia arcana gemma- 
rwn suFerans et metalloru»t. The fittest rime i. "Stwo or three houm after 
supper, when as the meat is now settled st the bottom of the stomach, and 'tis 
good fo lie on Vhe right side first, because at thaV site Vhe liver doth resV under 
the stomach, not molesting any way, but heating him as a tire doth a kettle, 
that is put to it. After the firsV sleep 'ris hot amiss Vo lie on the left side, 
that the ment may the better descend;" and sometimes again on the belly, but 
never on the back. Seven or eight hours is a competent rime tbr a melancholy 
man Vo rest, as Crato thinks ; but as some do, to lie in bed and hOt sleep, a 
day, or hall a day together, Vo give assent to pleasing conceits and vain imagi- 
nations, is many ways pernioious. To procure this sweet moistening sleep, it's 
best to take away the occasions (if it be possible) that hinder if, and then to 
use such inward or outward remedies, which may cause it. Cotstat hodie (saitb. 
Boissardus in his tract de magiâ, cap. 4.) multos ira fascinari ut noctes inteçras 
exigant insomnes, summd inuietudine ttnimtrru»t et corporum ; many cannot 
leep tbr witches and fascinations, which are too familiar in some places; they 
eall if, date alicui malarn noctem. :But the ordinarycauses are heaV anddryness, 
which must first be removed: a hot and dry brain never sleeps well: grief, 
fcars, cares expectations, anxieties, grcat buuinesses, tin aurem utramtte 
Tom. 1. de $anit. hend. Qui rationem corporls non habcnt, sed cgunt martalem immortali, terrestrcm 
there. wqualem pr.vstarc industriam : C:cterum ut Camelo usu venir, quod c! bos proe4ierat, cure eidm 
ervircut domino et parte oneris levure illmu Camelus recuaaset, paulo port et ipsiua cutcm, et totum onus 
eogeretur gestare (quod mortuo boc lmpletum), Ira auimo quoque contingit, dura defatigato corpori, &c. 
• Ut pulchram illam et amabilem sanitatem prestemus.  Interdicendoe wgilioe, aOmni paulo longiores 
©oucil4andL Altom&rns, cap. 7. Somnus supra modum prodeat, quovismodo conciliandus, Pao. *Ovid. 
In HippooE Aphorism. s Crato, cona. 2i. lib. 2. duabas attt tribus horis post coenam, quum Jam ¢ibus ad 
fundum ventriculi resederit, primum super latere dctro quiesceudum, quod in rai! decubitu Jecur sub vcn. 
triculo quleacat, non gravans sed cll]um calfaclena perinde ac ignis iebetem qui llli admovetur; post 
l)rimum aomnum quiesccdum latere ainistro, Sac. * Sœepius accidit melancholicis, ut nimium exsiccato 
gerebrO vigd.i ttuttcntux. IZicinu lib. I. cap. 29.  Tcr. "That yu may sloop calmly ou cithcr car." 



Mcm. 5.] IVa/in «nc areams rectO, d. 357 

oSiose uS dor,nlas, and ail violent pcrt*lrbations of the mind, mlst in seine sort 
be qualified, before we can hope for al,y good repose. 
day rime, or la in suspense, fear, any way troubled in miud, or goes te bed 
upon a fi, *stomach, may never hope for quiet res in the night; 
*ri somnos OEmun,  the *poet saith ; inns and such like troublemo 
places are net for sleep; ose calls ostlcr, auother tapster, one cries d shoutg 
another sings, whoops, halloes, 
Who net acctomed te such nos can «leep amener them ? Ie that will 
innd te take his rt mus go te bed ani soute, quieto e lib«o, with a 
"secure and composed mind, in a quiet place: otan& 
pôs quiet: and if that will net oerve, or may no be obtained, te ek thea 
such mearls  are requisite. Te lie in dean linen and sweet; belote he goes 
te bed, or in bcd, te heur "swt music" which icinus commends, l. 1. 
cap. 24, or  Jobertt, d. mc$. li. 3. cap. 10, " 
author tifi he be sleep, te bave a bason of water still dropping by hB bed- 
sid%" or te e near thut pleant murmur,  sn$is aquoe. Seine flood- 
gateg arches, falls of water, like London ridge, or seine continuat noo 
which may benumb the sensé, is mot, dlentgum e$ ra, $um  ipsa 
volungas somsfacgun$; a a gentle no te seine procures sleep, se, hich 
Bcrnardinus Tilesius, lib. de som, well obsees, silence, h a rk roem, and 
the will itself, is most ailable te others. iso commends frications, 
orde agood draught of strong drink beforo one goes te bed; I y, a nutmeg 
and ale, or a good draght of muscine, with a tot and nutmeg, or a possct 
of the saine, which many use in a morning, but methin, for such  bave 
dry bc, ara much more woper ai night; seine wescribe a «sP of vinegar a 
they  te bed, a spoonful, saith tius Tetrabib. l. 2. ser. 2. cap. 10. lib. 6. 
cap. 10, gita, lib. 3. cap. 14, t'iso, "a little after meat, because it rare- 
fi melancholy, d procures an appetit¢ te slip." D. 
and Iercurialis approve of it, if the malady prooeed frein the "splee Salust. 
Salvian. lib. 2. ca. l. de remed., ercul de Saxoniâ in an. lin, Mon- 
fMtus de rb. cails, cap. 28. de I«n. are altogethcr agaiast if. Lod. 
Ieœeatus, de gr. [m'b. eau. l. 1. cap. 17.  seine oeses dofl aow i. 
«his seems te de]iberate of it, though Simeon commend it ( uce perad- 
venture) he makes a questioa of if:  for baths, fomentations, oils, 
simples or compounds, inwaly taken te this ppose, "I shall sak of them 
elsewhere. I£ in the dst of the night, when they lie awake, which is 
te to and tumble, aad no sleep, "Raazo wod hure them, if if be 
wam wther, te fise and wa throe or four turns (tl they be cold) about 
the chamber, and then go te bed ain. 
Agaiast fearful and troublesome dreams, Ius aad auch inconveniences» 
wheresth melancholy mes are molted, the best remedy is te  a ght 
supper, d of such meurs  are easy of digestion, no hare, venison, beef, 
&c-, net te lie on his back, net te metate or thiak 
terrible objec, or pedMly lk of them before he 
be sMd  Luciaa after such conference, Hem sniare mfhi , I can 
tnk of aothing but hobgoblias: d  Tully noteç, "for the most prt olr 

 Ut sis nette lev]s, sit tibl c.na brevls. I Juven. Sut. 3, .. Hot. Ser, lib, 1. Sut. 5. « The fip sai]or 
and h ravling oempanion sing the pris of their aent sweetheas." • epostis cur omnibus 
quantum fle polt una c v¢stib &c. Kirt. • Ad horam somni a suavibus ntib et son 
deHnlre, p LecUo Jucd mat eo,  quem atteutior anim convet aut aq ab alto  
eubjec pelure delaba, &c. Ovld. q Acefi sorbitio, • Attenuat melancholiam, et  oencandum 
somnum Juvat. • Quod Ilenl acetum conv¢nlat, t Cour. l. a¢t. 9. metandum  aceto. = Se¢t. 5. 
Memb. l. Sue¢t. 6. = Llb. de it, tuend&  In Soin. Scip. fl enim fere ut cotafion nos et 
seon pariant aliquld  o, qe de omero scribit E de quo videoet è v 
lebat oegire et Ioqnl. 



358 Cure of Mdanctto?y. [Part. 2. Sec. 2. 

speeches in the d:y-time cause out fantasy fo work upon the like in out sleep." 
which Ennius writes of l:fomer: Et canis in somnis leporis vestigia lat/ra :  a 
dog drcams of a hare, so do men on .uch subjects they thought on lat 
"• Somnl& que ment« luduut vollt&ntibn umbrls, 
lgec delubra dera, rtec ab œethere numina mittunt 
Sed atbi quisque facit" & 
For that cause when ltolemy, king of Ept, had posed the seventy interpreter 
in order, and asked the nineteenth man what would make one sleep qtfietly in 
the night, he told him, "lthe best way was to bave divine and celestial mecIi- 
tations, and to use honest actions in the day-time." bLocL Vives wonders how 
schoolmen could sleep quietly, and were hot terrified in the night, or walk in 
the dark, they had such moustrous questions, and thought of such terrible 
matters al] day long." They had need, amongst the rest, to sacrifice to god 
Morpheus, whom «Philostratus paints in a white and black coat, with a horn 
and ivory box fu]] of dreams, of the saine colours, to signify good and bad. If 
you w ill knowhow to interpret them, resd Artemidorus, Sambucus and Card.n; 
but how to help them, ai must refer you to a more convenient place. 

MEMB. VI. 
SUBSECT. I.--Perturbatlons of th mlnd 'extifted. F'om 
 t tmost, oesi h grf af, &c. 
Wosora he  that sha hope to cure thh mMady in himself or any 
othm must fit recty the psions d perturbations of the mind: the 
cefest cure consists h them. A quiet mind  that volupté, or summum 
bum of Epicur;  re, ris vacare, ani tranqu se, hot to grieve, 
but to want caoes, and to bave a quiet soul, is the only pleasure of the world, 
Sena truly recites his opinion, hot that of eating and drinking, wch jm'ious 
Aristle liciously puts upon him, and for which he is stiH mten, 
audit  vapat, slandered thout a oee, and hshed by aH posrity. " 
and sorrow, therefore, are espially to be avoided, and the mind to be mitb 
gated with m@th, conancy, gd hope; v terror, bad objects are  ho 
move and MI such ons in who compares they be hot well pleoE" 
Gualter Bel, Feelius, . 43, hIerch cool. 6, Po, Jace 
cap. 15. in 9. Rh, Capivacci, Hfldeshei &c., M1 culoEte this  an 
especial means of their cure, that the "tds be quietly pacified, vah cou- 
ceits divmed,  it be poible, th terme, oeres, Sfixed studio, cogitations, 
and whatever it is that shaH any way molest or trouble the soul," hecae 
that other@e there is no good to be done. " e bodyh cefs,"  
Pla prov "proceed om the soul: and  the mind be hot fit tfied, 
the body can never be cured." cibiades ves (sMth Mam Ti) and 
is sick, his o desi ry m from Lyce to the pling pl, thece 
to the a, so into Sicily, thence to Lacedoemon, thence to 
Samos, then ag  Athe; Criths tth over M1 the city; Sna- 
pal  ]ovsick; th men are iH-affected ail, d can never be ced, 
the minds be othere qualifie& Cmto, thercfooe, h that oKenited Cool 

• Arlit hlst. *' .elther the alne of the go, nor the deifi tbemlv end do om the 
eane thoe eam$ which mock out min with th tting adow--we e them to ov.  
• Optimum de tib et bon.fs medir et es fere.  Lih. 3. de u$ . a.  ma mon- 
a qfiOnum pe n ter eo ut mer eoe terdum   non e aut de  in 
nebr sudoee vrbs faoer ad r st moo, • loen. lib. 1. d Sect. 5. Memb. 1. Su. 6. 
• Aul pbauon smè en me po et tia : que looe  demoend 
aritat  oe,mt boua spe; remov teor et eor ni qu non p 
t   pdè suvoeten teno ab o rovoE 8 Ab o a oeone qu 
oao av. Ccta ma coo ah o pro q nki ct,  c 
mime pot ChaId.  putat.  morbi aor ork an auimi. Renoldo tet. ut p 
ait  for% ritoe h Ly  oencZone i ncione  OE h i  Sii  



fem. 6. Subs. 1.] PasM.ons rect:fied. 359 

of his for a nobleman his patient, when he had sufliciently informcd hi.m in 
diet, air, exereise, Yenus, sleep, eoncludes with these as matters of greatest 
moment, Quod relbluum est, anira accid¢utia eovrigantur, frein which alerte 
proceeds meIaneholy; they are the fountain, the subject, the hinges whereon 
it turns, and must necessarily be reformed. "*For auget stirs choler, heats 
the blood and vital spirits; sorrow on the other aide refrigerates the body, 
and extinguisheth natural heat, overhrows appetite, hinders concoction, dries 
up the temperature, and pervert.s the understanding:" fear dissolves the 
spirits, infects the heart, attenuates the seul : and for these causes all passions 
and perturbations must, te the utmost of out power and most seriously, be 
removed. EIianus Zionaltus attributes se much te them, "Ithat he holds the 
rectification of them aloue te be suflicient te the cure of melancholy in most 
patients." Iany are fully cured when they bave seen or heard, &c., enjoy 
their desires, or l secured and satisfied in their minds; Galen, the common 
toaster of them ail, frein whose fountaln they fetch water, brags, l/b. 1. de san. 
tuend., that he, for his part, bath cured divers of this infirmity, solum anbni 
ad rectum institutls, by right settling alerte of their minds. 
Yea, but you will here hrfet; that this is excellent good indeed ff iL could 
be doue; but how shall if l effected, by whom, what art., what meaus h/c 
lab, hec opus est. 'Tis a natural ifirmity, a most powerful adversary, all 
naen are subject te passions, and melancholy above ail others, as being distem- 
pered by their innate humours, abundance of choler adust, weakness of parts, 
outward occurrences; and how shall they be avoided ? the wisest men, greatest 
1,hilosophers of most excellent wit, reason, judgment, divine spirits, canner 
moderate themselves in this bchalf; such as are sound in body and mind, 
Stoics, heroes, Viomer's gods, al1 are passionate, and furiously carried seine- 
rimes; and how shall we that are already crazed, fracti animls, sick in body, 
sick in mind, resist we canner perfvrm it. You may advise and give good 
precepts, as who cannot But how shall they be put in l,ractice I may net 
deny but our passions are violent, and tyramfise of us, yet there be menus te 
curb themi though .they be headstrong, they may be tamed, they may ho 
qualified, ff he himseff or his friends will bit use heir honest endeavours, or 
uake use ofsuch ordinary helps as are commonly prescribed. 
le himself (I say); from the patient himself the first and chiefest remedy 
must be had i for ff he be averse, peevish, waspish, give way wholly te hiu 
passions, will net seek te be helped, or be ruled by his friends, how is it pos- 
sible he should be cured  But if he be willlng, af least, gentle, tractable, and 
desire his own good, no doubt but he may magnam m(rrbi deponere partem, be 
¢ased af least ff net cure& 1o himself must de his utmost endeavour te 
resist and vithstand the beginnings. Principiis obsta, "Give net water pas- 
sage, no net a little," Ecclus. xxv. 27. If they open a little, they will m«ke a 
greater breach at length. Whatsoever it is that runneth in his mind, vain 
conceit, ho it pleasing or displeasing, which se much affects or troubleth him, 
"by al/possible menus he must withstand it, expel those vain, false, frivo- 
lous imagination.q, absur4 conceits, feied fears and sorrows; frein which," 
saith Piso, « this diseaso primarily proceeds, and takes his first occasion or 
beginning, by doing something or other that shall be opposite unto them, 
thinking ofsomething else, persuading by reason, or howsoevcr te make a sud- 
den alteration of them." Though he bave hitherto run in a fui/career, and 
precipitated himselï, foIlowing his passions, giving teins te his appetite, let him 

klrs bIdem movet, aanguinem sdurit, vitales spirltus a¢cendit, mcestitls n|versum corpus Inr|gldat, 
Calorelll nnst'u.m ext.. Su.., apltt.tu.destrut concoc .o..n.e.m i,mp .eAit rpun e. xtice m t ¢II. ,e.c.t . pervertit. 
(Itmrnobrem hc omlllS prorsus wtan«s snnt et pro vtrt xuen. e lll.l, p. . ex llls tOltlrn reme- 
dium| multl ex riais, aaditl &c. sauati sunt. m/ro viril>us annitendum in proedictis, tutu in aliis,  quibus 
mslum velttt  primari csusa oc¢saione rn nactum es, imaginationes absurd fsoeque e moestitia qum. 



36 Cnre of Mdancly. [Part. 2. Sec. 
now stop upon a sudden, curb himself in; and as *Lemnius adeth, "strive 
against with all his power, to the utmost of lais endeavour, and hot cherish 
those fond imadaations, which so covertly creep into his mind, most pleaing 
and amiable at first, but bitter as gall a last, and so heaxlstrong, that by no 
reason, art, counsel, or persuasion, they may be shaken off." Though he be far 
gone, and habituated mto such fantastical imaginations, yet .s °Tully and 
t'lutarch advise, let him oppose, fortify, or prepare himself against them, by 
premeditation, reason, or as we do by a crooked stafl bend himself another 
way. 
' p T tamen lnterea effuglto quoe tristla mentem J « In the meantlme expel them from thy mlnd. 
.«dicitant, proc«fi esse jube curaselue metttmque Pale fears, 8ad tares, and ffrief whlch doit grind 
• ullentem ultrices iraa aint omnial$¢ta." ] Revengeful angcr, pain ad discontent 
Let ail th¥ soul be seton merrimeat." 
Curas folle gravez, irasci credeprfanum. If it be idleness bath catted this 
infirmity, or that he pcrceive himself givcn to solitariness, to walk alone, and 
please his mind with f,»nd imaginations, let him by ail means avoid 
bosom enemy, 'ris delightful melanclmly, a friend in show, but a secret devil, 
a sweet poison, it will in the end be his undoing; let him go presently, task or 
set himselfa work, get some good company. I/'he proceed, as a nat files about 
a candle so long till at length he burn his body, so in the end he will undo 
himself: if it be any harsh object, ill company, let him presently go from it. 
If by his own def'ault, through ill diet, bad air, want of exorcise, &c., let him 
now begin to reform himself. "It would be a perfect remedy against all cor- 
ruption, if," as «Roger Bacon bath it, " we could but moderate ourselves in 
those six non-natural things." c'If it be any disgrace, abuse, temporal loss, 
calumny, dcath of friends, impr]sonment, banishment, be hot troubled with it, 
do hot far, be hot ana-n'y, grieve hot at it, but with all courage sustain it." 
(Gordonius, lib. 1. c. 15. d canser, vt). Tu contra aude$ior io. "Ifit be sictr- 
ness, il| success, or any adversity that bath caused it, oppose an invincible 
courage, "fortify thyself by God's word, or otherwise," a/a bonlspersuadenda, 
sct prosperity against adversity, as we refreh out eyes by seeing some plea- 
sant meadow, fountain, picture, or the like : recreate thy mind bysome contrary 
object, with some more pleasing meditation divert thy thoughts. 
• rea, but you infer again, facilè consiliurn damus aliis, we can easily gve 
counsel to others; every man, as the saying is, can tame a shrew but he that 
bath ber; si tdc esses, alibyr senires; ifyou were in out misery, you would find 
it otherwise, 'ris hot so easily performed. We know this tobe true; we should 
moderate ourselves, but we are ftriously carried, we cannot make use of such 
1-,recepts, we are overcome, sick, ma/ sani, distempered and habituated to these 
courses, we can make no resistance; you may as well bid him that is diseased 
hot to feel pain, as a melancholy man hot to fear, hot to be sad: 'tis within 
blood, his brains, his whole temperature, it cannot be removed. But he may 
choose whether he will ve way too far unto it, he may in some sort correct 
himself. A philosopher was bitten with a mad dog, and as the nature of that 
disease is to abhor ail waters, and liquid things, and to think stiil they see the 
picture of a dog belote them : he went for all this, 'eluctan se, to the bath, 
and seeing there (as he thought) in the water the picture of a dog, with reason 
overcame this conceit, quid cani cure balneo ? what should a dog doin a bath? 
a mere conceit. Thou thinkest thou hearest and seest devils, black men, &c., 
"Lib. 2. c. 16. de occult, nat. Quisquls huIc malo obnoxlus est, acr|ter obststat, et summa cura obluctetur, 
ec ullo modo foveat imaginationes tacite ob'epentes animo, blandas ab irdtio et amabilea, sed qtue adeo 
convalesc.un t, ut nu]la ratione excuti queant, o 3 Tusc. ad Apollouium. p Fracastoriu q Epis$. 
de secreUs art-i et nature cap. 7. de retard, sert. Remedium esset contra corrupttouem propriam, si qu]libet 
exe.rceret regimen anitatis, quod consltit in rebus sex non naturalibus. Pro allquo vituperio nou indig. 
.ner, n.ec pro amlsione alicuJus ri, pro morte alicuus, nec pro carcer nec pro exilia, nec pro al re, ne 
arascans, uec ttmess, nec doleas, ed cure summa presentia hec sustinea, • Quodsi incommod adver. 
si[atis infortunla hoc malum lnvexerint  iufractum animum oppona Dei verbo ejusque flduci, 
uulcia &c. Lcmniu.% lib. 1. ¢. le. 



'tis not so, 'ti. thy corrpt iaatasy; settle thine imagination, thou art well. 
Thou thinkest thou has.t a great nose thou art sic], every man observes thee, 
laughs thee to scorn; persuade thyself 'ris no such matter: this is fear only, 
and vain suspicion. Thou art discontent, thou art sad and heavy; but why 
upon what grouud? consider of it: tho art jealous, timorous, suspicious; for 
what cause1 examine it thoroughly, thou shalt find none at al], or such as is 
to be contemned, such as thou wilt surely deride, and couteran in thyself, when 
if is past. lule thyself then vith reason, satisfy thyself accustom thyself, 
wean thyself from such fond conceits, vain fcar., strong imanations, restless 
thoughts. Thou mayest do if  Es n nob.« assuescer« (as Plutarch saith), we 
nay frame ourselves as we will. As he that useth an upright shoe, may cor- 
rect the obliquity, or crookedness, by wearing if on the other side; we may 
overcome passions if we will. Qu[cqu:l b mperavi animus ob[nuit (as 
« Seneca saith) nulli tare feri a.ecus, ut non di.«ci])lin perdnenur, whatsoever 
the will desires, she may command : no mch cruel affections, but by discipline 
they may be tamed ; voluntarily thou wi|t hot do this or that, which thou 
ughtest fo do, or refrain, &c., but when tho art lashed like a dul] jade, thou 
wilt reform it; fear ofa whip will make thee do, or hot do. Do that vohm- 
tarily then which thou canst do, aad must do by compulsion: thou mayest 
refrain if thou wilt, and toaster thine affections. « As in a city (saith 
lIelancthon) they do by stubborn rbellious rogues, that will not submit 
themselves to political judnent, compel them by force; so must we do 
by out affections. If the heart will hot lay aside those vicious motions, and 
the fantasy those fond imagnations, we bave another form of government to 
enforce and refrain out outward members that they be hot led by out pas- 
sions. If ai)petite will hot obey, let the moving faculty overrule ber, let ber 
resist and compel her to do otherwise." In an ague the appetie would drink; 
sore eyes that itch would be rubbed; but reason saith no, and thefore the 
moving faculty will not do it. Out fantasy would intrude a thousand fears, 
suspicions, chimeras upon us, but we have reason fo rcsist, yet we let if be 
overborne by out appetite ; " imagination eforceth spirits, which, by an 
admirable league of nature, compel the nerves to obey, and they our several 
limbs :" we give too much way to out passions. And as t.o him that is sick 
of an ague, all things are distasteful ad unpleasant, wn e cib vito, saith 
Plutarch, hot in the meat, but in our taste  so many things are offensive to 
us, hOt of themselves, but out of out corrupt judnent, jealousy, suspicion, 
and the like; we pull these mischiefs upou out own heads. 
If then out judgmeut be so depraved, out reason overruled, will precipi- 
tated, that we cannot seek out own good, or moderate ourselves, as in ttàs 
disease commonly it is, the best way tbr ease is fo impart our misery to some 
friend, hot to smother it up in out ovn breast; aliur vii, cresvique tegendo, 
&c., and that which was most offensive to us, a cause of fcar and grief, quod 
«uno e coçuit, another hell; for  strangulat inclusus dolor arque exstuat 
infus, griefconcealed strangles the sou| ; but when as we shall but impart it 
to some discreet, trusty, lovg fiend, it is • instantly removed, by his counscl 
happily, wisdom, persuasion, advice, his good means, which we could hot 
vtherwise alply unto ourselves. A friend's counsel is a charm, like man- 
drake wine, curas soTi; and as a • bnll that is tied fo a fig-tree becomes 
gentle on a suddcn (which some, saith  Plutarch, interprct of good words), 

«LIb. 2. de Ira. uCap. 3. de affect, nnlm. ]t in civitatibus conamaces ql non cedunt politico 
Imperm ri coercendi sunt; Ira Deus nbis ind.dit altcram lmper,i formam ; i cor non deponi vitiosum 
affcctum, membr foras coercend& surir, ne ruant in quod affectus lmpell&t; et locomotiva, qu herili 
imperio obtemperat, alteri resltat, • lmaginati. impelht aplritus, et tnde nervi moventur, &c. et 
_ obtemperut hnagntionl et «ppetltul mlrabili foedere, sA exequeudnm quod Jubent. • Ovd. TrUst. 
iib. 5. Prticlpes inde calarnit&tis nostrae snnt, et velat exonerata lu eos srcina onere le'amur. 
Ariet. Eth. lib. 9. • Camerarius Ebl. 26. cent. ". -ympo$. llb. 6. cap. 



362 Cure of Mdancholy. [Part. 2. Sec. 

8o is a savage, obdurate hear mollified by fair speeches. "Ail adversity finds 
eaae La eomplainiug (as ° Isidoro holds), and 'ris a solaee fo relate if," 
* 'ATaO  «ga;aa« laver ra;goo. Friends' confabulations are comfortablo 
at all rimes, as tire in winter, shade in summer, quale soTorfessT.s in gramine, 
ment and drink to him that is hungry or athir.t; Democritns'8 eollyrinm is 
not 8o 8overeign to the eye8 as thi8 is fo the heart; good words are cheerful 
and powerful of themselves, but much more from friends, as 8o many props, 
mutually austalning each other llke ivy and a wall, which Camerarins bath 
well illustrated in an emblem. ,enit animura siraple.v vd svepè narralio» thc 
simple narration many rime8 easeth our distressed mind, and in the midst of 
greatest extremities; 8o diverse have been relieved, by • exorterating them- 
elves to a Faithful friend : ho 8ces that whieh we cannot sec for passion an'l 
discontent, ho pacifie8 our minds, ho will case out pain, assuage our anger; 
quanta wl voluptas, quanta securtas, Chrysostom adds, what pleasure, what 
security by that means ! "t Nothing so available, or that so much refresheth 
the soul of man." Tully, as I remember, in an epistle to his dear friend 
Atticus, much condoles the defêct of such a friend. ,, s I lire here (saith 
in a great city, where I have a multitude of acquaintance, bat nota man of 
all that company with whom I dare familiarly breathe, or freely jest. Vhere- 
fore I expect thee, I dêsire thee, I send for thee; for there be many things 
which trouble and molest me, which had I but thee in presenee, I could 
quickly disburden myself of in a walking discourse." The like, peradventure, 
nmy ho and ho say with that old man in the comedy» 

= Nemo çst rneorura amlcoram hodie, 
Apad qucm exprom¢re occulta mea. aud¢am»" " 

and much inconvenience may both he and he surfer in the meantime by it. 
fie or he, or whosoever then labours of this malady, by .al] means let him 
get some trusty fl'iend, t Semper habens PylademoEu« allzluem qui cure Orestem, a 
Pylades, to whom freely and securely he may open himself. For as in all other 
occurrences, soit is in this, Si çuis in coelun acendisse, &c., as he said in 
 Tully if a man had gone to heaven, "seen the beauty of the skies," stars 
errant, fixed, &c., insuavis erit admirato, it will do bm no pleasure, except 
he have somebody to impart to what he hath seen. It is thc best thing in the 
world, as  Seneca therefore adviseth in such a case, "to get a trusty friend, 
to whom we may freely and sincerely pour out our seorets; nothing so de- 
lighteth and easeth the mind, as when we have a prepared bosom, to which 
our secrets may deseend, of whose conscience we are assured as our own, 
whose speech may ease our suecourless estate, counsel relieve, mirth expel 
«mr mourning, and whose very sight may be acceptable unto us." It was 
the counsel which that politic  Commineus gave to ail princes, and others 
distressed in mind, by occasion of Charles Duke of Burgundy, that was much 
perplexed, "fit to pray to God, and lay himself open to him, and then to 
some 8pecial friend, whom we hold most dear, to tell all our grievances to 
him; nothing so forciblv fo 8trengthen recreat% and heal the wouaded soul 
of a miserable man." 

- Epist. S. lib. 3. Adversa fortuna habet in querelt levamentum; et malorum relatio, &c. d Alloqulum 
©harl juvat et eolamen amicL Emblem. 5& cent. l. cas David did go Jonathan, I Sain. zx. «Scneca, 
Epist. 67. • HIc in civitate magna et turba maglaa nemine m reperire po$sumtm quocttm auspirare f$mi- 
liaxiter aut Jocarl llber'e poimus. Qnare te expectamus, te desideramus, te arcessirnus. Mtflta sunt enlm 
qu me solicitant et augunt, qUze mihi videor aures tuas na¢tus, unius ambulationi sermone exhaurire 
posse, a '* I bave hOt a singie friend thi day to whom I dare discloe my secrets. =  Ovid. • De 
amiciti, s De tranqul. ¢. 7. Optimum est amicum fldelem nancisci in qnem secreta nostra lnfund- 
mus; nthfl oequk obiectst animum, quam nbi sint proeparat pectora in quoe tut eecreta descendant, 
quorum conscientia -que ac tu : quorum sermo eolitudinem lenlat, sententia consilium expediat, hilarita 
tristltlam dissiper, conspectusque lpse delectet. = Commeut. 1.7. Ad Deum confugiarnu.% et peccais 
veniam precemux, lnde ad amicos, et cul plurimum tribnimu nos patefciamu toto et aaimi vulaus quo 
afl]igimur :  ad reficiendum animum edflccitt 



SuscT. II.--Hdp front froids y counsd, co#t, fiir a o , 
t ty &«, sft, alteratn ofhis course OE l, r«i j«ts, &c. 
WE the patient of himlf h not able fo rest, or overoeme theoe hea- 
ting psions, his friends or phyician must be ready to supply that which is 
wting. S oit humnita  sapnt (which *Tly enjoineth in like 
) uid eum, curare, aut impr s deid corrigere. They 
mst oel join; c sat OEo, ith «Hippoerates, suumfwse ocittm, 
um Tte wgrotus, um astanç, &c. Fiat, they nmst scially betva.c, 
a melancholy disoentend irn (be it in what kind of melalmholy soeve-) 
never be left alone or idle: but  physicians ptscribe physic, cure custoditî, 
let them aot be left unto themselves, but with me eompany or other, lest 
that means they aggravate and incree the ; n oportet wgros hu- 
jusdi se sos vel inr içnos, val inr s qs n a»m aut qlOunt, 
as d. à Foe tom. l. coul. 35. prescribes. Zen« ctodire sg&mus 
(ith VSeneea)  sollti lè utantur; we wateh a sorrooEal peon, lcsg 
he abuse h litarhess, and so shod we do u melaucholy maff; t m abou 
me business, exercée or recmation, which may divert h thoughts, d still 
keep h otherse htent; for h nty is so resfless, opcrative and quick. 
that if it bv aot  rpctu action, ever employed, it w work upon itsel 
melanchol, and be ried away iastantly, with me fear, jealousy, dcon- 
tent, suspicion, me vain conceit or other. If his weakness be such tha he 
cannot ce what in am, correct, or thfy, if hov em by oeunoel, 
comfo, or uasion, by ça@ or foul means, to aenate h mind, by some 
affici invention, or some contm mufo to remove ail objets, causes, 
oempanies, oceions, as may any waya molest him, to humour him, ple 
him, divert him, and if it be possible, by altcring h coe of fife,  give 
him curity and satisfaction.  he oenoeal his grievances, and 1 hot 
bv own of them, "«they mt observe by h look, gestum motions, 
fanty, wt it is that offends," and then to apply remedies unto m : many 
aoe tantly cure when their minds ara sfied. "Alexander mak mention 
of a womun, "thut by rein of ber husbanffs long absence in travel, 
exoeeding evh and melancholy, but when she heard her hband w r 
turne beyond ail expectation, at the st sight of him, e w freed from 
all fcar, without help of y other physic stored to ber former hlth." 
Trincaveus, mg. 12. lib. 1. hh such a story of aVenetian, that being much 
troubled with melancholy, C'and teady fo die for gfie when he heard his o 
w brought to bed of a son, hsatly recovemd."  exander concIud, 
"If oar iutions be hot inveterate, by this a ey may be cured, 
especiaHy ff ey pmoeed from such a cause." o betr way  tfy, thaa 
fo remove the object, cae, oion, if by any a or means possible we may 
fiad it out. If he ieve, std in fear, bv in spicion, spen, or any way 
molesd, secte him, olur malum, give him tisfaction, the cure 
alter h course of e, there needs no oer physic.  the y be  or 
otherwhe affected, "consider (th Troeianus) the manner of it, a circum- 
»tances, and fohth me a suddea aileron]' by removing the ooeions, 
avoid all terrible objects, heard or sn, ""monstmus and pmgiom aspect," 
tales of devis, spifits, ghosts, tragicM stories; to such  e h fear they 
strike a gmat preion, renewed my tes, and reoEH such chimer 
• Ep. Q. at. o Aphor. pm.  Epist. 10. « 0bseando mo g manu, d oc 
hauti, P. r i melcholi compta ex long v pegaon et dè omnib 
rponden& qnum marls domum rev oet e &e. • Fr dolore morit quum nuuciatum 
t oroe  am eubitd repemvlt, t Nh[ e Jongo tere veyi 
ation coeare opoet, proeeeim abi malum ab  vnt t a u oemuem habuertt. 
• Lib. 1. p. 16. S! ex tia aut io affectu coeperl eciem coueiaoe aut aua grec 
 fionoe facere »o  vi monfl ctn & 



Cure of J[dan,'hobj. [Part. 2. Sec. 2. 

and terrible fictions into their minds. "r$[ake not so much as-mention of 
them in private talk, or a dumb show tcnding to that purpose : such things 
(saith G:dateus) are offensive to their imagingtious." And to thooe that aro 
nov in sorrow, "Seneca "forbids all soe companions, and such as lainent; a 
groanhg companion is an enemy to quietness." COr if there be any such party, 
at whoso presenc the patient is hot well pleased, he must be removed : gentlo 
speches, and faix menus, must first be tried; no hrsh lanuage used, or 
uncomfortable words ; and hot expel, as s orne do, one m.dness with another; 
be that so dot-h, is madder than the patient himself:" all things must be 
quietly composed; eversa non evertenda, sed erigenda, things down m'ust hot be 
dejectcd, but reared, -s Crato counseileth ; "he must be quietly and gently 
used," and we should hot do any thing against his mind, but by little and littl3 
cffect it. As a horse that starts at a drum or trumpet, and will hot endure th3 
shooting of a piece, may be so manned by art, and animated, that he can nog 
only endure, but is much more generous af the hcaring of such things, much 
more courageous thau before, and much delighteth in it: theymust hot bc re- 
tbrmed, ex abrupto, but by ail art and insinuation, ruade to such companies, 
aspects, objects they could hOt fmerly away with. ][any at first cannot 
endurc the sight ofa green wound, a sick man, which aftervard become good 
chitairgeous, bold cmpirics: a horse starts at a rotten post afar off, which coming 
near he quietly passeth. 'Tis much in the manner of making such kind of 
persons, be they never so averse from company, bashful, soligary, timorou., 
they may be ruade at last with those Romanmatrons, to desire nothing more 
than in a public show, to see a full eompany ofgladiators breathe out their last. 
If they may hot otherwise be accustomed to brootr such distastefifl and dis- 
pleasing objects, the best way then is generaily to avoid them. hIontanus, 
consil. 229. to the Earl of 3I-ntfort, a courtier, and his melancholy patient, 
adviseth him to leave the court, by reason of those con tin ual discon tents, crosses, 
abuses," %ares, suspicions, emulations, ambition, anger, jealousy, which that 
1-,lace aflbrded, and which surely caused him to be so melancholy at the first :" 
Jl[axinct qu<eque domus servis est plena superbis ; a company of scoffers and 
proud jacks m'c commonly conversant and attendant in such places, and able to 
make any man that is of a sort, quiet disposition (as many rimes they do) ex stulto 
insanum, if oncetheyhumourhim, a veryidiot, or starkmad. Athingtoo much 
practised in all common societies, and they bave no better sport than to make 
themsêlves merry by abusing some sflly tllow, or to take advantage ofanother 
man's weakness. In such cases as in a plague, the best remedy is cit, lonyè, 
tardk : (for to such a party, especiaily if he be apprehensive, there can be no 
greater misery) to get him quicklygone farenough off, and hot to be over-hasty 
in his retura. If he be so stupid that he do hot apprehend it, his friends should 
take some order, and by their discretion supply that which is wanting in him, 
as in ail other cases they ought to do. If they see a man melancholy given, 
solitary, averse from company, please himseff with such private and vain 
meditations, though he delight in it, they ought by all means seek to divert 
him, to dehor him, to tell him of the event and danger tiret may corne of it. 
If they see a man idle, that by reason of lais means otherwise will betake him- 
eff to no course of liïe, they ought seriously to admonish him, he makes a 
noose to entangle himself, his want of employment will be his undoing. If ho 
bave sustained any grog loss, suffered a repulse, disace, &e., if if be possible, 

- • - P. . ranquil. Proecipue vitcntur triste et 
omuia deplorntes; trsquittat, iuimicus est cornes perturb%tus, omnia gemen., • Illorum quoque 
homlnum,  quorum consortio abhorrent, proesentia amoveuda, nec sermonilms ingratis obtuudendl ; i quia 
irsauiam ab insauia sic curari stimet, et protervè utitur, magis quam eger insauit. Crato, consil. 184. 
coltzil. • MoUiter ac suaviter rager tractctur, Bec ad ea adigatur qu:e non curat, • Oh suspicioaa 
curaa, mmRLtionem» a, atbitionem, ir tc. ,'4a. locus ille ministrt et qu:e fccissont melanchulicum- 



relieve him. If he desire aught, let hira ho satisfied; ff in suspeuse, leur, 
suspicion, let hira be secured: and if il may eonveniently be, give hira his 
heart's content ; for the body cannot be cured till the mind be satisfied. 
aSoerates, in Plate, would prescribe no physie for Charmides' headache, "till 
first he had eased his troubled mind i body and seul must be curel together, 
as head and eyes." 
«eOcu]um non cnrabis sine loto capi/e 
Nvc capat aine loto c«rpore, 
Nec roture corpus vine aima." 
I" that may net be hoped or expeeed, yet ease hira with corafort, cheerfuI 
speeches, fuir proraises, and goo4 wordsç persuade him, advise hira. "][any," 
saith fGalen, « have been cured by good counsel and persuasion alone." "Hea- 
vinesa of the heurt of raan doth bring il.clown, bat a good word rejoiceth it," 
Prov. xii. 25. " znd there is he that speaketh words like the pricking of a 
sword, but the longue of a wise man is healt," ver. 18. Oratio naraTua 
8auci ani»d est remedim, a gentle speech is the truc cure of a wounded seul, 
as SPlutŒErch contends out of 2]ïlschylus and Earipides: "if iL be wizely 
administcred il easeth grief and pain, as diverse remedies de many other 
diseuses." 'Tis icatatlonis instar, a charm, aesuantis animi ve.ffigerium, that 
tme lepenthe of Homcr, which was no Itdian plant, or feigned medicine, 
which Epidarana, Thonis' wife, seul Helena for a token, as hlacrobius,7.,.ïatur- 
nul., Goropius Hermat. lib. 9., Greg. lazianzen, aud others suppose, but oppor- 
tuuity of speech: for Helena's bowl, Medea's unction, Venus's girdle, Circe's 
cup, cannobse enchant, se forcibly more or aller as il doth..h_ letter sent or 
rend will de as much  multun allevor çuum t«s llteras lego, I ara much eased, 
as  Tally wrote te Pomponiu Atticus, when  rend thy letters, and o.s Juliauus 
thc Apostate once signified te hIaximus the philosopher; as Alexanderslel)g 
with Homer's worl, se de  withthine epistles, «nquar l"æoniis medica»,entis, 
casque assiduè talUara recentes et novas iteramus; scrYe ergo, et assid«e 
scribe, or el. corne thyself; ami:us ad amicun renies. /ssuredly a wise and 
wc|l-spoken man .may de what he will in stteh a case; a good orator alone, as 
 Tully holds, ean aller affections by power of his eloquence, "eomfot such as 
are aflticted, erect sueh as are depresse.l, expel and mitigatc fea; lust, anger," 
&c. And how powerful is the charm of a discreet and dear frieud? Il& regit 
dicis aui,wos et emperat i'as. What may no he eflçct ks Chreraes told 
hlcnederaus, " Fear net, conceal il net, O friend! but tell me what il is that 
trouble. thee, and I shall surely help thee by coraforç, couusel, or in the malter 
itscl£" &rnoldtu, lb. 1. br«»iar, cap. 18. speaks ofa usurer in his lime, that 
upon a loss much melancholy and discontent, was se cm'ed. As imagination, 
fcar, grief, cause such passions, se conceits alone, rectified by good hope, 
counsel, &c., are able again te help : and 'ris incredible how much they can de 
in such a case, as Trincavvllius illustrates by an exaraple of a patient of his ; 
1)orphyrius, the philosopher, in Plotinus's life (written by him), relates, tha; 
being in a discontented huraour through insuflerable anguish of mmd, he wa 
going te make away himself: but meeting by chance his toaster Plotinus, who 
perceiving by his distracted looks all was net well, urged him te confess 
grief: which when he had heard, he used sach comfortablc speeches, that h< 
redeemed him ìfauc/bus Er&i, pacified his unquiet mind, insomuch that h. 

aN'isl prltt an]mnm turbatlsslmum curçet; ocul! sine caplte, nec corpus lne lm curari putot. 
* E Groeco. "You shail net cure the ey uni you ce the whole head aise; ner the hea unle the  hoi¢ 
body; ner the w]mle body, unl theso bid." Et nos non pauco,avimus, i motib ad 
debitum rero« lib. 1. de $nit. tuend, g Cousol.  Apolionium. $1 qu sapienter  sue tempore 
sdhibeaç emedia morbis diversis dive sunt; doltem sexe beni ablevat.  Lib. 12. Eplst. 
 De ngt. d nsol affiicto, dedut perteitos à timore cupiditt imprim  Iracdl com- 
primit, • Hcuton. Act. 1. Sn. 1. Ne metu ne çerer cre inquam h sut nsoldo, aut 
concilie, t re ]uvcro.  No foenerarem avm apud meos sic cat qui mtam peci 
raL  Lib. l. ¢onsH. 12. lncrebe dictu qun Juvenb 



366 Cure ofllelancholç. [ParC. 2. Sec. 2. 

was esily reconciled to himsdf, and much abashed to think afterwards that 
he should ever entertain so vile a motion. By ail means, therefore, fir pro- 
mises, good words, gentle persuasions, are tobe used, not tobe too rigorous at 
first, "'or to insult over them, not to deride, neghct, or contemn, but rather," as Lemnius exhorteth, "o pity, and by all plausible means to seek to redres 
them :" but if satisfaction may not be had, mild courses, promises, comfortablo 
speeches, and good counsel will hot take place; then as Christopherus à Vega 
dctermines, l/b. 3. cap. 14. d Mel. to handle them more roughly, to threaten 
and chide, saith °Altomarus, terrify sometimes, or as Salvianus wi/1 bave them, 
to be lashed and whipped, as we do by a sarting horse, pthat is affrighted 
without a cause, or as «lhasis adviseth, "one whih to spe, ak fait and flatter, 
another while to errify and chide, as they shall see cause. 
Vhen none of these preeedent remedies wi]l avail, it will hot be amiss, 
which Savanarola and 2Elian Montaltus so much commend, clvm clvo 
Telere, "rto dfive out one passion with another, or by some contrary passion," 
as they do hleeding at nose by letting blood in the arm, to expel one fear with 
another, one Fief with another. "Christopherus à Vega accounts it rational 
physic, non o2ieaum à rcione: and Lemnius much approves it, "to use a hard 
wedge fo a hard knot," to drive out one disease with another, to pull out a 
tooth, or wound him, to geld him, saith 'Platerus, as they did epihptienl 
patients of old, because it quite alters the temperature, that the pain of the 
ene may mitigate the grief of the other; " °and I knew one that was so eured 
efa quaran ague, by the sudden coming of his enemies upon him." Ifwe may 
l,elieve Pliny, whom Scaliger cal/s menclaforum patrem, the father of lies, 
Q. Fabius Maximus, that renowned consul of Rome, in a battle fought with 
tbe king of the A1]obroges, at the river Isaurus, was so rid of a quartan agae. 
Yalesius, in his controversies, holds this an excellent remedy, and ff it bo 
discreetly used in this ualady, better than any physic. 
Sometimes again by some feigned lie, strange news, witty device, artificial 
invention, itis hot amig to deceive theoE "'As they hate those," saith 
Alexander, "that neglect or deride, so they will ve ear to such as will soothe 
them T- Ifthey say they have swallowed fro or a shake, by all means grant 
it, and tell them you can easily cure it; 'ris an ordinary thing. Philodotus, 
the physician, cured a melancholy king, that thought lais head was off, by 
putting a leaden cap thereon; the weight ruade him perceive it, and freed him 
efhis fond imagination. A woman, in the said Alexander, swallowed a serpent 
as she thought/ he gave ber a rotait, and conveyed a serpent, such as she 
conceived, into the basin; upon the sight of if she was amendeoE The plea- 
aantest dot.age that ever I rend, saith °Laurentius, was of a genthman a 
Senes in Italy, who was afraid to pis, lest al1 the town should be drowned; 
the physicians caused the beilsto be rang backward, and told him the town was 
on tire, whereupon he made water, and was immediately cured. Another sup- 
posed lais nose so big that he should dash it against the wail if he stirred; his 
physician took a eat piece of flesh, and holding it in his hand, pinched him by 
the nose, making him believe that flesh was eut from it. Forestus, oSs. l/b. 1. 
had a melancholy patient, who thotht he was dead, " he put a fellow in a 

• e'mo lstlusmodi conditlonls hominlbus insulter, aut In illos sit seve¢ior, veram miserioe potàus Indo- 
leseat, vieemque dep]oret. ]lb. 2. cap. 16. •Cap. 7. Idem Piso Laurentius, cap. B. P quod timet uihil 
est, ubi ¢ogitur et vider, q Uua vice hlandiantur, una viee iisdem terrorem incutiant "Si vero 
fuerit ex novo malo sudito vel ex anirni accidente, aut de amissione mereium, sut morte ami¢i, lntrodtt. 
cautur nOva ¢ontraria his quoe ipsum ad gaudia moveant; de hoc semper niti debemu &¢. • LIb. 
cap. 1,. • Cap. S. Catratio olim à veteribu usa in morbi desperatia, &e. 
morbum morbo, ut clav'um e]avo, retundimus, et ma]o nodo malum euneum &dhiberaus. lovi e.go qui ex 
eubito hoatium incursu et inopl nato timore quartanam depuierat • Lib. 7. cap. 50. In acie pugnana 
febre quartana liberatus est. Jacchinus, e 15. in 9. Rhasis, Mont. p. 26. • Lib. i. cap. 16. averaantur 
eoa qui eorum affectua rident, eontemnunt. St rana et vipera comedLme ae putant, eoncedere debemna, 
et ..pem de cura tracere, • Cap. 8. de meL • Ciatam posuit ex Medicorum consilio prol eum» in quant 
alitim se mortuttm flngentem pesuit; hic in tissa acenh 



Mem. 6. Subs. 3.] Perturbations reet.j. 367 
chcst, like a dead man, by his bed.ide, and ruade him rear himself a Htt]e, 
and eat: the melancholy man asked the counterfeit, whether dead men use 
to eat ment? Ho told him yea; whereupon he did eat likewise and was cured." 
Lemnius, lib. 2. cap. 6. de 4. conp[ez, bath many such instances, nd $ovianus 
Pontanus, lib. 4. cap. 2. of Wisd. of the like: but amongst the rest I find one 
most memorable, registered in the °French chronicles of an advocate of Paris 
before mentioned, who believcd verily ho was dead, &c. I rend a multitudo 
of examples of melancholy men cured by euch artificiM invetions. 
MA and sundry are the means which philosophers and physic[ans haro 
prescribed to exhilarate a sorrowful heart, fo divert those fixed and intent 
ca,s and meditations, which in this malaày so much offcnd; but in my 
judonnent none so present, none so powcrful, none so apposite as a cup of 
strong drink, mirth, music, and merry company. Ecclus. xl. 20. "Wine and 
music rejoice the heart." dlhasis, cog. 9. 'acg. 15, Altomarus, caio. 7, 
_E]ianus ][ontaltus, c. 26 licinus, ened. rictor. Faventinus are almost 
immoderate in the commendation of it; a most forcilole medicine "Jacchinua 
calls it: Jason tratensis, Ca most admirable thing, and worthy of consider- 
ation, that can so mollify the mind, and stay those tempestuous affections of 
it." 3[ica esg menlis medicinc noestœe, a roaring-meg agaiust m¢lanchol)r, 
to rear and revive the languishing soul; "¢affecting hot only the ears, but 
the very arteries, the vital and animal spirits, it erects the mind, and makes 
it nimble." Lemnius, ins[t, ca. 44. This it wiI1 effect in the most dull, 
severe and sorrowful souls, "expel grief with mirth, and if there be any 
clouds, dust, or dregs of cares yet lurking in out thoughts, most powetoEully it 
wipes them all away," Salisbur. polig, lib. 1. cap. 6, and that which is more, 
it will perform all this in an instant: :'  Cheer up the countenance, expel 
austerity, bring in hilarity (GiraloE Camb. cap. 12. 'oo/. H/ber.), inform out 
manners, miigate anger;" Athenzeus (Di]rmosopisg. lib. 14. cp. 10.), calleth 
it an infinite treasure to such as are endowed with 
tisti corda nelos, Eobanus Hessus. Many other properties Cassiodorus, 
ep/. 4. reckons up of this our divine music, hot only to expel the greatest 
grief.% but "it doth extenuate fears and furies, appeaseth cruelty, abateth 
heaviness, and to such as are watchful it causeth quiet test; it takes away 
spleen and hatred," be it instrumental, vocal, with strings, wind, Qutv 
-liri, sie rmnt tl.exeri(ze /v.5erne[ur, &c. if cures al[ irksomcness and 
heaviness of the soul. Labouring men that sing to their work, can tell as 
ranch, and so can soldiers wheu they go to fight, whom terror of death cannot 
so much affright, as the sound of trumpet, drum, file, and such like music 
animates; mets rtir mo[/s, as Ceusorinus informeth 
"It makes a chilà quiet," the nurse's song, and many times the sound of a 
trumpet on a suddeu, bells rigin.g, a carman's whistle, a boy singing some 
ballad tune early in the strect, a|er, revives, recreates a restless pttient tha 
cannot sleep in the night, &c. In a word, it is so powefful a thing that 
ravisheth the soul, 'egitt aesuum, the queen of the senses, lay sweet pleasurv 
(which is a happy cure), and corporal tunes pacify our incorporeal soul, 
ore/ouens, dominatm in «rirnm ex¢rce, and carries it beyoud itselï, helps, 
e Serre. 1550 d In 9. llhaaia. Magnam vitn babt mu$1e. • Cap. de Manla. &dtnlranda profect 
res ct, eg dig- expenaionc, quod onorum concinnitaa mentem cmollia, $1statque proeellosaa ipaitt affec- 
tiones, tLanguen animn |nd¢ erigitur ¢ reviçiscit, nec tare aurea ah'loir, sed et onRu per artcria$ 
undique dlffu$o, apiritn tutu vitales [um animaloe cxcitat, mentent redd.en$ agilem, &c.  Muaica 
vennatate sua mentea ¢v¢ore eapit, &c. • Animoa triates $ubito exhilarat unblloa vultu eerenag, 
austerita[em reponit, Jucnndltatem eponit barbaricmqne fri deponere gente mores in$tituit irctmdiarn 
nitigat. iÇithara triatitiarnJunndat, timidoa farore attenuat, cruontam vitiam bland r¢flcit lau- 
guorom¢. ¥et Aretiaç t£aatilied au|iv lib.|, fol 21. Lib. dNatali ea.l. 



368 Cure of Me2anclwly. [Part. 2. Sec. 2. 

elevates, extends it. Scaliger, ezercit. 302, gives a reason of these effects, 
" • because the spirits about the heart take in that trembling and dancing air 
into the body, are moved together, and stirred up with it," or else the mind, 
as seine supposo harmonically composed, is roused up at the tunes of music. 
And 'ris net only men that are se affected, but almost all other creatures. 
You know the tale of Hcrcules Gallus, Orpheus, and Amphion, fcelices animas 
Ovid calls them, that could saza »wvere sarw estudinis, &c. make stocks and 
stones, as wcll as beasts and other animals, dance after their pipes: the dog 
and hare, wolf and ,a»vb; vicinumqu« luo prcebui agna latus; clamosu8 
graculus, stridula corix, et Jovis aquila, as Philostmtus describes it in his 
images, stood all gaping upon Orpheus ; and °trees pulled up by the roots 
came te heur him, E cou item quercum pinus arnica trahir. 
Arien ruade fishes follow him, which, as common experience evincetb,  are 
much affected with music. Ail singing birds are much pleased with it, 
especially" nightingales, if we may believe Calcagninus; and bees amonst 
the test, though they be flying away, when they hear any tingling sound, 
will tarry behind. " « Harts, hinds, horses, do, beaux, are exceedingly de- 
lighted with it." Scal. exerc. 302. Elephants, Agrippa adds, 1;.b. 2. cai. 24, 
and in Lydia in the midst of a lake there be certain floating islands (if yo 
will bclieve it), that after music wil] dance. 
But te leave all declamatory speeches in praise "of divine music, I will 
confine myself te my proper subject: besides that excellent power it hath te 
expel many othcr discases, it is a sovereign remedy against "despair and 
mclaucholy, and will drive away the dvil himsclf. Canus, a Rhodian fiddler, 
in Philostratus, when Apollouius was iuquisitive te know what he could de 
s'ith his pipe, told him, " That he xvould nmke a melaucholy man merry, and 
him that was merry much merrier than before, a loyer more enamoured, a 
religious man more devout." Ismenias the Theban,  Chiron thc centam', is 
said te bave cured this and many other diseuses by music alone : as new they 
de those, saith "Bodine that are troubled with St. Vitus's Bedlam dance. 
»'Timotheus, the musician, compelled Alexauder te skip up and down, and 
louve his dinner (like the tale of the Friar and the Boy), whom Austin, dz c/v. 
l)ei, lib. 17. ca2z 14. se much commends for it. ,Vho hath net. heard how 
David's harmony drove away the evil spirits frein king Saul, 1 Sain. xvL and 
Elisha when he was much troubled by importuuate kings, called for a minstrel, 
"and when he played, the hand of the Lord came upon him," 2 Kings iii 
Ccnsorinus dz natali, cep. 12. reports how Asclepiades the physician helped 
many fiautic persons by this menus:, ph.renetivorwn wnte morbo turbaas 
Jasoa t)ratensis, cap. dz Maniâ, hath many examples, how Clinias and 
Empedocles cured seine despcrately melaucholy, and seine mad, by this our 
,,u.a Vhich because if bath such excellent virtues, belike Homer brings 
in l'hcmius playing, and the 1Kuses singing at the banquet of the gods. 
Aristotle, Polit. l. 8. c. 5, Plate 2. dz legibu, highly approve if, and se cio all 
l»Miticians. The Greeks, Romans, bave graced music, and ruade it one of tho 
liberal sciences, though if be new become mercenary. All civil Common- 
wealths allow it: Cneius Mmflius (as •Livius relates) arme ab urb. cod. 567. 
brought tiret out of Asia te Reine singing wenches, ilayers, jestera, and all 

"Quod sp|rltu. qui in corde agitant tremn|um et snbsa|t&ntem reclplunt aerem in pectus, et inde excltantur, 
 spl,-iu nusculi moventttr, &c. o Arbores radicibtts avulsoe &c.  bi. C&rew of Anthony in decripto 
Cornwall, saith of whales» tll&t they will corne anti ahow themselvee dancing at the eound of  trumpet, fol. 
35. I. et fol 154. 2 book. «De cervo, eqao, c&ne urso idem compertum; mttsica afl]ciuntur, • Numcn 
inest numeris. 
sSoepe graves rnorboa modulatum carmen abegit, Et de.vperats v.onciliav|t o emo 
 Lib. D. Cap. 7. Moerentibus moerorem adimam, loetantem vero aeipso reddam hilariorem, am,,ntcm calidien 
c.liiosaî .d.lvie tmine correpturn, et ad Deos colendos pexatiorem, • lqatalis Cornes Myth. lib. 4. cap. 
. L|D- O. ae rep. Curat Mu|ca furorem Sancti Vit|. • Exilire  convivio» Cardan, aubtll, hb. 13. 
• l|iad. 1. • Libre 9. cap. !. P«alria» mbucietg-i&sque et convivalig ludorttm obIec{ameuta addit 
epuli ex &ia invexit in nrbcm. 



/iem. 6. Subs. 4.] Mi«d ,'ect(fied / 3rf,.th. 69 

kind of music to their feasts. Your pr'imes, cmperors, and persons of any 
quality, maintain it in their courts; no mirth without music. Sir Thomas 
Iore, in his absolute Utopian commouwcalth, allows music as an appendix to 
every meal, and that throughout, to ail sorta Epictetus calls nensara mutara 
preeseie , a table without music a man:jcr; for "the concert of musicians ata 
banquet, is a carbuncle set in gold ; and as the signet of an emerald well 
trimmed with gold, sois the melody of music in a pleasant baraquer." Ecclus. 
xxxii. 5, 6. »Louis the Eleventh, when he invite,l Edward the Fourth to 
corne to Paris, told him that as a prirlcipal parç of his eutertainment, he should 
hëar sweet voices of children, Ionic and Lydian tunes, exquisite music., he 
thould bave a----, and the cardinal of Bourbon tobe his confessor, vhich he 
used as a most plausible argatment : as fo a sensual man indeed itis. CLucian 
in his book, de saltatione, is not ashamed fo confess that he took infinite dclight 
in singing, d.'mcing, music, women's company, and such like pleasures: "and 
if thou (saith he) didst but hear them play and dance, I knoxv thou wouldst 
be so well pleased with the object, that thou wouldst dance for compauy thy- 
self, without doubt thou wilt be taken with it." So Scaliger ingenuously 
confesseth, exzrclt. 274. "ci ara beyond all measure affected with music, I do 
most xvitlingly behold them dauce, I aux mightily detained and allurcd witlx 
that grace and comeliness of fuir women, I ara well pleased to be idle amongst 
them." And what young man is not As it is acceptable and conducing to 
most, so especially to a melancholy man. Provided alvays, his disease proceed 
hot originally fmm it, that he be hot some iight inamorato, some idle phan- 
tastic, who capers in conceit all the day long, and thinks of nothing elsc, but 
how to make jigs, sonnets, madrigals» in commendaion of his mistress. In 
such cases music la most pernicious, a a spur fo a free horse will make bim 
run himself blind, or break his wind ; Incitanentura enira araoris r.usica, for 
music enchants, as lIenander holds, it wiil make such melancholy persons mad, 
and the sound of those ji and hornpils will hot be removed out of tho 
ears a xveek after, °Plato for this reason forbids music and wine to ail 
young men, because they are most part amorous, te iœe»tis addatur gni, lest 
one tire increase another, lLxny men are melancholy by hearing music, but 
it is a plcasing melancholy that it causeth ; and therefore to such as are dis- 
content, in woe, fear, sorrow, or deje¢ted, if is a most present remedy: i 
expels cures, alters theirgrieved minds, and easeth in an instant. Otherwise, 
saith Plutarch, $[usica »agis denenta quàn vinurrt ; music makes somo 
amn mad as a tiger; like Astolphos' horn in Ariosto; or Mercury's golden 
wand ir Homer, that ruade some wake, others sleep, it bath divers effects: 
and Theophra.stus right well proihesied , that dicasea were eithcr procured 
by music or mitigated. 

Svsv, c-r. IV.Mirt/ and merry company, falr objects, rernedies. 
MlaTr and merry company may no ho separted ri'oto music, both con- 
eerning and nccessarily required in this business. "]YIirth" (saith Vives) 
"purgeth tho blood, confirms health, causeth  fresh, pleasing and fine colour," 
prorogues life, whets tho wit, makes tho body young, livcly and fiU ibr any 
raatmer of employment. The merrier the heurt the longer the lire ; "A 
merry heurt is the lifo of tho flesh," Prov. xiv. 
days," Ecclus. xxx. 22 ; and thia la one of the three Salernitan doctox-» Dr. 



370 Cure o.fMeIanchol!]. [Part. 2. Sec. 2o 

lIerryman, Dr. Diet, Dr. Quiet, I which cure all diseasesMens hilarls, 
e9Euies , wderatct diata, k Gornesius, prcefat, lib. 3. de saL gen. is a great mag- 
nifier of honest mirth, by which (saith he) "we cure many passions of the mind 
in ourselves, and in our friends;" which t G-alateus assigus for a cause why we 
]ove mer1T eompanions : and well they deserve il, being that as  Maguinus 
hol ls, a meta-y companion is better than any music, and as the saying is, ctme.s 
],tcundus it viâ pro vchicd», as a waggon to him that is wearied on the way. 
Jtwunda cooEabe«latio, sales, joci, pleasant diseourse, jests, conceits, merry tale 
melliti zrborum globuli, as Petronins, ° Pliny, °Spondanus, » Clius, and many 
gond authors plead, at that sole epenthes of Homer, Helena's bowl, Venus's 
girdle, so rcnowned of ohl qto expcl grief and care, to cause mirth and glad- 
uess of heurt, if they be rightly understood, or seasonably applied. Ilx a word, 
' • Amor, voluptas, Venus, gaudium, ] «« Gratification, pleaure, love, Joy, 
Jocus, ludt sermo suavia suavitio." M,'th, sport, pie,tuant wor¢ta and no alloy." 
are the true epenthes. For these causes out physicians generally prescribe 
this as a principal en,ne to battcr the walls of melancholy, a chief antidote, 
and a suflàcient cure of itself. " ]y all menus (saith æ hlesue) procure mirth to 
these men in such things as are heard, seen, tasted or smelled, or any way 
l»erceived, and let them bave al] enticements and fait promises, the sig, ht of 
excellent beauties, attires, ornaments, delightsome passages to distinct their 
minds from fear and sorrow, and such things on which they are so fixed and 
il,lent. Let them use hunting, sports, piays, jests, mer T company," as 
llhasis prescribes, "which vill hot lct the mind be molestcd, a CUl» of gond 
drink now and then, heur music, and bave such companions vith whom they 
:tre especially delighted ; merry raies or toys, drinking, singing, dancing, and 
whatsoever else may procure mirth : and by no menus, saith Guianerius, surfer 
t]:em to be alone. Benedictus Victorius Faventinus, in his empirics, accounts 
il an especial remedy against melancholy, ': • to heur and see singing, dancing, 
maskers, mumraers, to converse with such merry fclloxvs and fuir maids." "For 
the beaut.y of a woman cheereth the conntenance," Ecclus. xxxvi. 2")_,. ]eauty 
ah)ne is a sovercign remedy against fear, grief, and ail melancholy fits ; a 
charm, as l)eter de la Seine and many other writers affirm, a banquet itself; 
lin gives instance in discontented Menelaus, that was un often freed by Helena's 
tir face : and  Tully 3 Tusc. cites Epicurus as a chief patron of this tenet-. 
ïn expel grief, and procure pleasure, sweet smells, gond diet, touch, taste, 
embracing, singing, dancing, sports, l,lays, and above the test, exquisite beau- 
tins, quib[«s oculi jucuzdè wverdur et anmi, are most powerful means, obvia 
fur»tu, to ment or see afair maid passby, or to be in compauy with her. Vie round 
it by experience, and ruade gond use of it in his own person, if 1)lutarch belle 
him hot ; for he reckons up the humes of some more elegant pieces; Leontia, 
]3vedina, ]tedieia, Nicedia, that were frequently seen in Epicurus' garden, and 
x'ery familiar in his house. Iqeither did he try il himself alone, but if we may 
give credit to b Atheneus, he practised il upon others. For when a sud and 
si«k patient was brought unto him to be cured, "he laid him ou a down bed, 
 Spiritus temperat, calorem excitat, naturalem virtutem corroborat, Juvenile corpus diu serat, vitam 
l)rorogat, ingcnium acu|t et hominem negotiis Quibualibet aptiorem reddit. Schola Saern.  Dura 
conturoeli-  ucant et festivu lenitate mordent mediocrea auimi oegritudines sanuri solent &c. t De mor. 
fol. bT. Amamus ideo eos [lui sunt faceti et juctmdi, m Regim. sanit, part. 2. Nota Quod amicus bonus et 
dilectus socit uarraUonibus suia jucundi uperat omnem melodiam. « Lib. 21. cap. 27. e Comment. 
in 4. Od) a. p IAb. Z6. c. 15. q nomericum illud Nepeuthea quod moerorem toltit et cuthimiam, et 
]ilaritatem parit, • Plant. Bacch. • De œegritud. capitis. Omni modo gcneret loetitium in iis de iis qnoe 
audiuntur et identur, aut odorantur, aut gtmtantur aut quoctmque modo sentiri possunt et aspectu for- 
narum multi decoris et ornatt3 et negotiatione j ucund et bi .dien tibus ludis, et promiais ditrahautur 
eorum animi, de re aliQua quam riment et dolent. 
 Utantur venationibu% indis, jocis, amicorum 
consortd, Quoe non sintmt animnm turbari, vino et cantu et loci mutatione, et biberla, et gaudio, ex quibne 
proecipue delectantur. « Piso. ex fabulia et lttdis quoerenda delectatio. His versetur [lui maximè grati 
unt, cautus et chorea ad loetitiam prosunt, a Proecipue valet ad eapellendam melannhnliam et.are in 
cantibus, lndis, et sortis, et habitare cure familiaribua, et preclpue cure pucllis jneu.tdis, • Par. 5. de 
avvcamentia, lib. de abeolvendo luctu, ffi Corporum complexus, Cantua, lttdi» forme &e. • Circ 
horto- Epicuri frequente, e Dypnooph. lib. l O. Coronat2t florido rto incenden odore in culcitr 
t,lu ..ca ct,llvcavit dulcicttlam potionem larol,mans pealtriam adduxit. 



][em. 6. ubs. L 

crowned him with a gadand of sweet-smelling flowers, in a far Ferfitmed closet 
delicately set out, and after a portion or two of good drink, which ho adminis- 
tered, ho brought in a beautiful young c wcnch that could playupon a lute, sing, 
and daace, » &c., Tully, 3 Tusc. scoff at Epicurus, for this his profane physic 
(as well ho deserved), and yct PhavJrinus and Stobeus highly approve of 
most of our looer physicians in some cases, to such parties especially, allow of 
this; and all of them will bave a melancholy, sad, and discouteuted persm 
make frequent use of honest sports, companies, and recreations, et incit«ndos 
ad Venerem, as dRodcricus à Fonseca will, aspects et cont«ctu pul«herrmarum 
emin«rum, to be drawn to such consorts whether they will or no. Not to b 
au audtor only, or v. spectator, but sometimes an actor himself. ])ulce est 
dedpere in loco, to play the fool now and thon is not amies, thcrc is a rime for 
all things. Grave Socrates would be merry by fits, sing, dance, and tke his 
liquor too, or else Theodorct belles him; so would old Cato, "Tully by his own 
confession, and the test. Xenophon, in his ympos. brings 
principal actor, no man merrier than himself, and sometimes ho wou]d "«ride 
a cockhorse with his cldldren,"  eqdt«re in arundine longâ (though 
Alcibiades scoffcd at him for it), and well ho might; for now and theu (saith 
lutarch) the most virtuous, honest, and gravest mon will use fcasts, jests, and 
toys, as we do sauce to out ments. So did Scipio and Lmlius, 
« Qul ubl se • vu]go et acena in aecreta rembrant,  «' Valorous Scip|o and gonfle L, elius, 
Virtus cipiadœ et initia spieutia Loeli, I ltemoved from the scene and u'ou so c]amorous, 
Nugari cure ilIo, et discinci iudere» done¢ Were wout to recreate themselve their robes laid by 
Decoqucreur oltts, motifi '" WhLLst sui)per by the cook wus making ready." 
lInchiveI, in tho eighth book of his Florentine history, givcs this note of 
Co»mo de' ]Iedici, tho wisest and gravest man of his time in/taly, that ho 
would "now nd thon play the most egregious fool in his carriage, and was 
» mach giron to jestcrs, players and childish sports, to make himsclf merry, 
that ho that should but consider his gravity on the one part, his folly and }ight- 
ness on the other, would surcly say, there were two distinct pcrsons in h/m." 
]ow methinks he did wcll in it, though  Saliburiensis be of opinion, that magi- 
trates, senators, and grave mon, should hot descend fo lighter sports, m .res- 
publica lude videatur: but as Themistocle.s, still keep  stern and constant 
crriago. I commend Cosmo de' Mcdici and Caztruccius Castrucanus, than 
whom Italy noyer knew  worthir captain, another Alexandcr, if *Machiavel 
do not deceive us in his life: "when a fi'iend of his reprehen,led him for 
dancing beside his dignity" (belike at some cusldon danee), ho told him again, 
qui sapit interdiu, vz unqua noctu desipit, he that is wise in the day may 
dote a little in the night. Pau}us Jovius relates as much of Pope Leo Decimus, 
that he was a grave, discreet, staid man, yet sometimes most free, and too open 
in lais sports. And 'tis hot altogether unfit or misbeseeming tbe gravity of 
such a man, if that decorum of rime, place, and such circumstances be observed. 
'Misce stultitia»n consilils brevern; and as *ho said in an epigram to Jais wifo, 
I would have every man say to himself, or to his ftend, 

m Moll, once in pleasatt company by chance, 
I wished that you for compoEny wouid riante .- 
Which you refuscd, and said, your years require, 
Now, matron-like, both manners and attire. 
Well, Moll, if needs you will be matron-like, 
"fhen trust to this, I witl thee matron-like: 
Yet moto you my love rnay never lessen, 
As you for ehurch, bouse, bed, ob»erve thls lesson : 
fiit in the church as solemn as a saint, 
]No deed word» thought, your due devotion taint. 

I Vell, if you wiil, your hea, your ,oul reveai 
To hiln that only wonnded souis can heal 
De in my bouse as busy as a bee, 
Having a sting for everT one but me; 
Bnzzing in everT corner, gath'ring hone¥ : 
Let notlaing 'aste, thtt costs or yieldcth money. 
• Anti when thou neest my heart to mirth incline. 
Th¥ tongue, wit, blood, warl]a with good cheer & wm-" 
Tlen of weet sport lct no occasion 
. But be as wanton, to.ving as an apo." 

• Ut rec]int£ uaviter In lecture pueii, &c. • Tom. 2. consult. 85. • Epist. Fam. lib. 7.  
epist. Heri demum bene potus, eroque redieram.  Valer. Max. cap. 8. lib. 8. lnterposi$A arundino 
©ruribus cuis, cure fiiiis ludens, ab Alcibiade risus est. • Hor.  Hominibt facetls, et ludis pucrilibu 
ullra modum deditus, adeo ut si oui in eo am gravitatem quam levitstem considerare licere, duas personne 
distinctas in eo esse diceret, t De nugis curial, lib. 1. cap. l./Iagistratas et viri graves, à ludis levioribt 
arcendl, k Mchiavel vita ejus. Ab amico reprehensus, quocl proeter dignitatem tripttdiis operam tlart-t, 
I"espondet, &c. n Tlmre is a ttme for ail things, to weep, lauglt, moRru, dance, Ecles. iii. 4,. m lier . 
 -',OE Joha Harrin£ton, Epigr. 0. • Lllcretia toto m licet usue die. Thaid notre volo. 



3;2 Cure of Mdanclwly. [Part. 2. Sec. 

Those old »Greeks had their Lubentiam Deum, goddess of pleasure, and the 
Lacedemonians, instructed from Lycurgus, did Deo Risui sacri.ficare, after 
their wars especially, and in times of peace, which was used in Thessaly, as 
it appears by th:tt of « Apuleius, who was ruade an instrument of their laughter 
himself : ""Because laughter and merriment was to season their labom's and 
modester life." °l?isus enilrt divum atgue hominu», e$ ceterna volulotas. 
Princes use jcsters, players, and have those masters of revcls in their courts. 
The Romans st every suppcr {for they had no solemu dinuer)used music, 
gladiators, iesters, &c., as 'Suetonius llates of Tiberius, Dion of Commodus, 
and so did the Greeks. Besides music, in Xenophon's Sympos. Phili.p.pus 
ridendi artlfex, Philip, a jester, was brought to make sport. Paulus Jovius, 
in the eleventh book of his history, bath a pretty digression of out English 
customs, which howsoever some may misconstrue, I, for my part, will interpret 
to the best "The whole nation beyond ail othermortal men, is most given 
to banquetting and feasts; for they prolong them many hours together, with 
dainty cheer, exquiite music, and icete jesters, and afterwards they fall a 
dancing and courting their mistresses, till it be late in the night." ¥olateran 
gives the saine testimony of this island, commending our jovial manner of 
entertainmcnt and good mirth, and methinks he saith well, there is no harm 
in it; long may they use it, and all such modest sports. Cteias reports of a 
Persian king, that had 150 maids attending st his table, fo play, sing, and 
dance by turns; and Lil. Geraldus of an !Egyptian prince, that kept nhe 
virgins still to wait upon him, and those of most excellent feature, and sweet 
voices, which afterwards gave occasion to the Greeks of that fiction of the aine 
]Itses. The king of z!Ethiopia in Africa, most of out Asiatic princes bave 
donc so and do ; those Sophies, hIogors, Turks, &c., solacc themselves after 
supper amongst their queens and concubines, uœeejucundioris oblecamenti 
causa (saith mine author) coram rege psallere et saltare coueverau$, taking 
great pleasure to sec and heur them sing and dance. This and many such 
menus to exhilarate the heurt of men, bave been still practised in all ages, as 
klmwing there is no better thing to the preservation of man's life. What shall 
I say then, but to every melancholy man, 
« • Utcre convlvis, non tr|stibus utcre amicis 
uus nugoe et risu», et joc sassa juvanL" i "Feast oRen, and use friends hot still so sud, 
Whose jcst and merriment rnay make thee glad." 
Use honest and chaste sports, scenical shows, plays, gaines; "Accedant 
javenurrue Clwri, mistcee p[læ. And as Marsilius Ficinus concludes an 
,pistle to Bernard Canisianus, and some other of his fi'iends, will I this tract 
to ail good students, "»Lire merrily, 0 my friends, free from cures, per- 
p]exity, angnish, grief of mind, live mea-ily," Icetitice coe.lum vos creavit: 
'" CAgain and affain I request you to be merry, if any thing trouble your heurts, 
or vex your souls, neglect and contemn it, alet it pass. "And this I enjoia 
you, hot as a divine alone, but as a physician; for without this mirth, which 
is the lire and quintessence of physic, medicines, and whatsoever is used and 
applied to prolong the lire of man, is dull, dead, and of rao force." .Dura fais 
si:zunt, vivite loeti (Seneca), I say be merry. 
"t.ee lusibus virentem 
Viduvmus ]anc jnventam." 
It was Tiresias the prophet's couusel to 3Ienippus, that travelled all the 
p Lil. Giradv hist deor. Syntag 1. q L[b. 2. de aur. as. • Eo quod rLçu es.et laboris et 
raodeetl victils comlimentum, • Calcag. epig. t Cap. 6I. In deficiis habuit scurras et adula- 
rotes. " Universa gens supra mortale oeteros conviviorura studiosissima. Ea enim per varias et exqui- 
chtittts dapes, interpositis Inusicis et Jocn]atoDbu" tri" rnultas 8oe ius hot 
o.r.eis et amo.ribu foeminarum indulgent, &c. • S-ntaf  p'" " as extrahunt, ac subinde productis 
munernm voctbus, cantuque symphonioe Paiatium Peï-,,'^e--=m- st. s" , Athe.neu, b. 12. et 14. assiduis 
. tutu ate roture petonabat. Jovius hizt. lib. 18. 
• Eobanus Hessus. • Fracastoriuh. t Vlvite ergo lt, 0 amici procu] ab angttstia, vivite læti. • Iterum 
I, recor et obtestor, vivite loeti : iliud quod cor urit, negligite, a 
vderit curare. Hot He was both 8accrdos et Medicua. Loetus in Proe.ens animuh quod ultra 
• Hoec autem non tare ut eacerdoa, amicit 
ntando vobis, quam ut medicus; nain absque bac una tanquam raedicinarum vita, medicinoe ozunes ad vitam 
roducendam a¢lhibitze Inoriuntur : vivite I-ti.  Locheu Anacreon. s Lucian. lecyomantia. Tom. 2, 



/fiera. /. Subs. 4.] Mind rect;fied y Mïrth. 373 

world over, even down fo hell itself fo seek content, and bas las ttrewell fo 
51enippus, fo be merry. "hContemn the world (saith he), and eoun that is 
in il vanity and toyc; this only eove all thy life long; be hot euriouc, or 
over colieitous in any thing, but wigh a well eomposed and ¢ontested estage 
to enjo 7 thycelf, and above all things fo be merry." 
ca SI Numeru n/I cenet aine amore Joelsque, 
/il eg Jucuadum, viÇaain amore Jocisque."l 
lothing better (to conclude with Solomon, Eccles. iii. 22.), "Than that a 
man should rejoice in hiz afftirs." 'Tic the came advice which every phy- 
cician in this case riags to hic patient, as Capivaccius to lais, "kavoid over- 
much study and perturbations of the mind, and as much as in thee lies, lire 
al heart's-ease:" Prosper Calenus to that melancholy Cardinal Cœesius, 
"amidst thy serious studies and business, use jests and conceits, plays and 
toys, and whatsoever else may recreate thy mind." Nothing better than mirh 
and merry company in this malady. " Il beghas with sorrow ("-ith Mon- 
tanus), il must be cxpelled with hilarity." 
But cee the mischief; many raen, knowing that merry company is the only 
medicine against melancholy, will therefore neglect their business; and in 
another extreme, spend ail their days among good fellows in a tavcrn or an 
aie-bouse, and know not othcrwise how to bestow thcir lime but in drinking; 
malt-worms, men-fishes, or water-anakes,  Qui bibunt solura 'anarura more, 
ihil comedentes, like so many frogs in a puddle. 'Tic their sole exercise to 
eat, and drink; to acrifice to Volupia, Rumina, Edulica, Potina, hIellona, is 
all their religion. They wish for Philxeuus' neck, JupiteFs trinoctium, 
and that the sutt would stand still as in Joshua's lime, to satisfy their lust, 
that they m_;ght dies noctesqu« pergrcecari et bibere. Flourishing wits, and 
men ofgood parts, good fashion, and good worth, basely prostitute themselves 
fo every rogue's company, to take tobacco and drink, to roar and sing scur- 
rilous song in base places. 
'* lnvenles aliquem cure percusore Jacentem, 
/>ermistum nutis» aug fttribtt aug fugitivia. ' 
Which Thomas Erstus obects to Paracel-us, that he would lie drinkln 
all d,y long with carmen and tapsters in a brothel-house, is too frequeu. 
amongst us, with men of better noe : like Timocreon of Rhodes, nuha bibens, 
« mulga volens, &c. They drown tbeir wits. oeethe their brains in ale, con- 
cume heir ïortunea, lose their time, weaken their temperaturcs, eontract filthy 
diseazes, rheums, dropsies, calentures, tremor, gel swolnjugulars, pimiled red 
laces, sor eyes, &c.; hea their livers, aller their conplexions, apoil thcir 
stomacha, overthrow their bodies; for drink drowns more thatx the sec and all 
the rivers tha fall into il (mere fugec and cacks), confound their souls, 
suppress reason, go from Scyl]a to Charybdis, and use that which is a help 
to their undohg. »Quid efer$ wrbo an ferro lereamve ruinâ «When the 
Black Prince wen to se the exiled king of Gastile into hic kingdom, ther 
waa a terrible batle ïough between the English and he Spanish : a las 
the Spanish fled, the English followed them to the river ci(le, where coma 
drowned them--elves to avoid their enemies, the rest were killed. ow tell 
me what différence is between drowning and killing? As good be raelancholy 

tOmnls mundana nngas oestim. Hoc solum lots vita persequere, ut prsentlbua bene comsitl 
minime cm'iosu aug ua in re aolicit quam plurimum pot vitm hilarem traduc, t"If the world 
think thag nothing cau be happy without love and mirth, en lire  love d jollity." k Hdeim, 
apicel.2, de 51ania. fol 161. tia literm eg animi pertbation fugiaç eg qutum potog jucunde 
vivat, i Lib. de atra bil Grviortbus eufis Idos et faceti aHquando tŒeepon jo et quoe »otent 
animum relare, m Consfl. 30. mal valetudo auc et contracta t Wfitia ac propterea exhilaratione 
aaiml removenda, • Athen. dnosoph. Hb. 1. , «Jven. t. 8.  Yo iH d him side ome 
c ut-thr along with sallo or thiet , or runaways. $ Hot. "What do ig aiify whether I peh 
by e or by the aword 1" « Frossard. hisg. lib. 1. Hipi cure Anglo v@ feue non eaç 



374 Cure ofllelanchol. [Part. o. ,_o.e" 3. 

still, as dtamken beasts and beggars. Company a sole comfort, and an only 
remedy te ail kind of discontcnt, is their sole miscry and cause of perdition. 
As Hermione lamented in Euripides, maloe znulieres mefecerunt malazn. Evil 
company marred her, may they justly eomplain, bad companion bave been 
their banc. For, "malus malum vult ut sit sui similis; one drunkard in a 
company, one thief, one whoremaster, will by his goodwill make all the test 
as bad as himself, 
« • Et 
locturnos jures te formidare vapore" 
ho of what complexion you will, inclination, love or hate, be if good or bad, 
if" you corne amongst them, you must de as they de : yea, «though it be te 
the prejudice of your health, you must drink venenum pro vino. And .o 
like gmsshoppers, whilst they sing over their cups all summer, they starvo 
in winter; and for a little vain merriment shall find a son'owful reckoning 
in the end. 

SECT. III. lIE31B. I. 
Sumor. I.-- Consolatoff Digrshra, eontabdn# the Remédies of all ,mctnner 
of Discontents. 
BCAUSE iu the preeeding section I bave ruade mention of good counsel, 
eomt'ortable speeehes, persuasion, how neeessarily they are required te he cure 
f a diseontented or troubled mind, how present a remedy they yield, and 
many rimes a sole suffieient cure of themselves; I bave thought fit in this fol- 
lowing section, a little te digress (if et least it be te digress in this subjeet), 
te eolleet and glean a few remedies, and eomfortable speeehes out of out best 
orators, philosophers, divines, and fathers of the ehureh, tending te this pur- 
pose I confess, many bave eopiously written of this subjeet, Plate, Senee.% 
Plutarch, Xenophon, Epictetus, Theophrastus, Xenocrates, Crant.or, Lucian, 
13oethius: and some of late, Sadoletus, Cardan, I5udoeus, Stella, letrarch, 
Erasmus, besides Austin, Cyprian, Bernard, &c. And they se well, that as 
l[ieromo in hke case said, s/ zwstrum areret ingenium, de illorum posset fon- 
tibus irrlgari, if out batTen wits were died up, they might be copiously irri- 
gated from those well-springs : and I shall but actum agere; yet because theso 
tracts are net se obvious and common, I will epitomise, and briefly inser 
seine of their divine precepts, reducing their voluminous and vasL treatises te 
my small scale ; for it were otherwise impossible te bring se great vessels into 
se little a creek. And although (as Cal"dan sai,l of his book de consol.) " I 
know beforehand, this tract of mine many will conternn and reject; they that 
m'e fortuuate, happy, and in flourLshing estate, have no need of such consolatory 
speeches; they that are miserable and unhappy, think them insufficient te case 
their grievcd minds, and comfort their misery; yet I will go on; for thi- 
must needs de some goo,] te such as are happy, te briatg them te a moderation, 
and make them reflect and know themselves, by seeing the inconstancy of 
human feli¢ity, othel-' misery: and te such as are distressed, ifthey will but 
attend and consider ofthis, if canner choose but give somecontent and comfor." 
.... Tis truc, no medicine can cure all diseases, seine affections of the mind are 
altogether incurable; yet these helps of art, i, hysic, and philosophy must net bo 
contemned." Arrianus and llotiuus are stiffin the contrax T opinion, that such 
precepts can de little good. Boethius himself canner comfort in some cases, they 
will reject .uch speeches like bread ofstones, Insana stultce mentis lwec solatia, • 
• Ter. • Hor. « Although you ewear tha you dread the night air." t'H iO,  ,%fcO,, « either drink 
or depart."  Llb. de. lib. propriie. Hos libroa scio mul&os speraere nain felices his se non lndigero 
putant, infelices ad solationem miserioe non aufltcere. ES tamen felicibas moderationem, dura lncoustao 
tiam humanoe fdicitatis docent, prstant; infelice si omnla rcctè .stimare velint, felices reddere possunt. 
Y, Nullum medicamentum otaries .,anare potest; aunt affec|u nimi quiproreus eunt insnabiles; non tam 
m'&i OO n" el)erai debe& aut m«dicinoe, sut phiLophi, • "Tho iv&ne eoneolstion of • foo liah mind. » 



Mena. 1. Subs. 1.] Remedie$ agalnt Dhcontent. 

Words add no courage, which rCati]ine once said fo his soldie, "a cap- 
tain's or°tion doth hOt make a coward a valiant man :" and as Job "feelingly 
said fo his friend "you are but mise.ble comforters ail." 'Tis to no purpnse 
in that vulgar phrase to use a company of obsolete sentences, and familiar 
ayings: as°PliniusSecundus, being now sorrowful aud heavy for the departure 
of his dear frîend Cornelius Rufus, a Roman senator, wrote to his fellow Tiro 
in like case, adhibe solatia, sed nova aliçua, sed fortia, quoe audierim nunquam, 
legerm nunquam : xtm quce audiq, quce legi omnia, tanto dolore superanttr, 
either say something that I never read nor heard of before, or else hold thy 
peace. 3Iost men will here except trivial consolations, ordinary speeches, and 
known persuasions in this behalf will be of small force; what can any man say 
that bath hot been said To what end are such paroenetical dlseourses yott 
may as soon remove ]Iount Caucasus, as alter some men's affections. Yet sure 
I think they cannot choose but do sonae good, and comfort and esse a little, 
though it be the sanae °gain, I ,viii say it, and upon that hope I will adventure. 
2Von meus hic sermo,'tis hot my speech this, but of Seneca, Plutarch, Epictetus, 
Austin, Bernard, Christ and his Apostles. If I make nothing, as ¢Montaigne 
said in likc case, I will mar nothing; 'tis hot my doctrine but my study, I hope 
I ,hall do nobody wrong to speak what I think, and dcserve hot blame 
imparting my mind. If it be hot for thy case, it may f,,r naine own ; so 
Tully, Cartlan, and Boethius ,vrote de consol, as well to help themselves as 
others ; be it as if may I ,viii essay. 
Discontents and grievances are either geneçal or pŒErticular; general are 
wars, plagues, dearths, famine, rires, inundations, unseasonable weather, epi- 
demical dise°ses v¢hich afltict whole kingdoms, territories, cities: or peculiar 
o private men, « as cares, crosse,, losses, death of friends, poverty, want, sick- 
ness, orbities, injuries, abuses, &c. Generally all discourent, °lwmines qua- 
timur fortuzwe salo. No condition free, quisque suos patimur maries. Even 
in the midst of our mirth and jollity, there is sonae grudging, some complaint. 
as Che saith, our whole life is a glucupricon, a bitter-sweet passion, honey and 
gall mixed together, we are ail miserable and discontent, who eau deny it If 
ail, and that if be a common calamity, an inevitable necessity, all distressed, 
then as Cardan infers, ',Swho art thou that hopest to go free Why dost thot 
hot grieve thou art a mol man, and hot goret°or of the world " 
quam sortem patiuntur otaries, Nemo reeuset, "' If it be conamon to ail, 
should one man be more disquieted than another I" If thott alone wert dis- 
tresse°, it werc indeed more irksome, and less tobe endured; but when thz 
¢alamity is common, comfort thyself 'ith this, thou hast more fel[ows, Sohtmet 
dseris socios kabuisse doloris; "ris hot thy sole case, and why shouldst thou be 
so impatient  "Ay, but °las we are more miser°hic than others, hat ,hall 
we do ? Fesides private miseries, we lire in perpetual fear and danger of 
common enemies: we have Bdlona's whips, and pitiful outcries, for epithala- 
miums; for l,leasant music that fearful noise of ordnance, drums, and warlike 
trumpcts still sounding in out ears; instead of nuptial torches, wc have firing 
of towns and cities ; for triumphs, lamentations 

• Sa]ust. Verba vlrtutem non addunt, nec lmperatorls oratlo faell ttrnldo fortem. "Job cap. 16, 
° Epist. 13. lib. I. b klor. • Lib. 2. Essays, cap. 6. ° Alium paupertas, allure orbltas, hune. n, orbi t 
Illum timor allure Injurloe, hune insidioe, illum uxor, filii distrahunt, Cardan. • Boethiuss 1. 1. met..% 
tApulcius, ,. florid. ihil hornini tarn prosper datum divinitus, quin ei adrnixtum sit aliquid difficultatis 
In arnpiissima quaque loetitia subest qtuedam querimonia, conjugatione quadam mellis et feiiis, • Si 
enet premantur, qui, tu es qui solus evadere cupis ab es Iege qu neminem p.roeterit  eur te mortalem 
[ctum et universi non orbis regem fierl non doler t  Fateanus, ep. 75. lleque cmqutua prœecipue doIendum 
eo quod aœecidit universis, t Lorchan. Galiobelgicus iib 3. Anno 1598. de Belgis. Euge ! sed eheu inqui 
qui° agemus  ubi pro Epithalamio Bellonœe flagellum, pro music° harrnonia terribilem lituorum et tubarum 
au°las clangorem, pro tmdis nuptialibus, villaruln, pagorm, urb,nm videas incendia; ubi pro jubiIo lament 
pro risn fletus aërem complent, k Ira est profecgO» et quisquis hoec videre abnuis huie secuio parure 
al»tUs es, aut potlUS nostrorum omnlum ¢onditioue iguor.% qnibus reciproco quod&rn nezu lta grtibu 
ta.,«:ia iti s inviccrn Uccdug. 



376 Cure oj r 3.re!anc13t. [Part. 2. Sec. 

an«l soit wa, and soit ever will be. He that refuseth to .e and heur, to 
surfer this, is hot fit to lire in this worhl, and knows hot the common condition 
of ail men, to hom so long as they lire, with a reciprocal course, joys and 
sorrows are annexed, and succeed one another." Itis inevitable, it may hot 
be avoided, and vhy then shouldst thon be so much troubled Grave nildl 
est ]u)ntini quod.fert necessitas, as Tully deems out of an old poet, "that which 
is neecssary cannot be grievous." If it be so, then comfort thyself in thi 
.... that whether thon wilt or no, it must be endured:" make a virtue of 
necessity, and conform thyself to undergo if.. *Si lo»9a est, levis est; si grao;is 
et, brevis est. If if be long, 'tis light ; if grievous, it cannot last. It will 
away, dies dolorem mituit, and if nought else, time will wear it out; custom 
will case it ; *oblivion is a common medicine for all losses, injuries, griefs, and 
detriments whatsoever, "»and when they are once past, this commodity cornes 
of infdicity, it makes the test of our life sweeter unto tt :" «Arque hoee olim 
memi,tissejuvabit, " recollection of the past is 1,1casant :" "the privation 
and want of a thing many .times makes it more pletsant and delightsome than 
bcfore it was." We must hot think, the happiest of us ail, to escape here with- 
out some misfortunes, 
Solicitttmquc aliqtfid lzetts intervenit.-- 
]caven and earth are rnnch unlike: "° Those hcavcly bodies indeed re 
frccly carried in their orbs without anyimpediment or interruption, to contha,e 
their course for innumerable ages. and tnake their conversions : but rnen ar 
red with many difllculties, and bave diversehindrances, oppositions still cross- 
i]g. interrpting their endeavours and desires, and no naoal man is free from 
hi law of .ature." We mus, no, therefore hope fo bave al1 things answer 
out own expccttion, to bave a continuance of good success and for, unes, 
tma ntnq,,am perpet«5 est bohu. And as ][inutius Felix, the loman consul, 
tol,i that insulting Coriolanus, drunk with his good fortunes, look hot for tha 
success thon hast hitherto had ; "oit ne ver yet happened to any man since 
beginning of the world, nor over will, to have ail things according to his desire, 
or to whom fortune was never opposite and advete." Even so it fell out to 
him as he fortold. And so to others, even to that happiness of Augustus : 
though he wêre Jupitcr's almoner, l[uto's treasurer, :Neptune's admiral, 
could not secnre bi,n. Sueh was Alcibiades' fortune, arsetes, tha grea 
Gonsalvus, and most f-amous men's, that as =Jovius concludes, "it is almos 
ftal to great princes, through thcir owa default or otherwise circumvented 
;'ith envy and malice, fo lose their honours, and (fie contumeliously." 'Tis 
till bath bcea, and ever will bc, 2'ihil est ab omni l»arte beatum, 
 There'a no perfection la o absolute, 
OEhat ome imptrrity doth hot pollute." 
Whatsoever is under the moon is subject to corruption, alteration; and so long 
as thon livest upou earth look hot for other. " "Thon shalt hot here final 
[,eaceable and cheerïul days, quiet rimes, but rathcr clouds, storms, calumnies 
uuch is out fate. » And as those errant planers in their distinct orbs bave their 
several motions, sometimcs direct, sîationar)5 l'ctrograde, in apogee, pcrigee 
! In Tusc. 1 vctcre pocta, m Cardan. lib. I. de consol. Est consolationis genus non love. quod 
lt«-cesitate fit ; sire fcras sire non feras, [Cl'llldlllll ¢$[ tal.'ltll, t bcneca, o Om'.ti dolor| 
tcm.us e.t medicina ; ipsum luctum extinguit, ivjurtas delet, omnis mall oblit imtem adfert. 
hoc quoque cou,modum omnis hffelicita, ua iorem vitam cure abterit relinqttit.  Virg. rOvid. 
" For there is no pl.lir perfect, tome auxiet£ alway interveues." • Lorcllall. Su ,t namqlle lnfera 
supel'i» humana tm-renis longe disparia. Ltell'-,ffl beatoe mcntes felalntur liberi, et s;ne ullo impedtment% 
$t,..lle oethel'ciqttœ orb etlrstt et conversiones uas jam ¢ulis innumerabil;.bus ¢ol|$tarttiirn conficiunt; 
• t.rurn hondne. tlagnis anguslii. eque hac natm', lege et qutsquam mot,allure $olutu3. t DiOllyaitl$ 
ll.tlicar, lib. 8. non entra Ilnquatn contigit, nec po$t homitle llatOl invellie$ quenqllam, cul omnla ex 
sententia gucceerint, ira ut nulla in rv fortuna  t ei adverata. Vit. Gonsalvi lib. ult. Ut ducibut fatal« 
gt clariiml » h ¢ulpa sua, tecus circumveniri cure malitia et invidia, imminutque dignitateper ontnmc|ia 
m,,ri, • In tOrTis pururn iii,tre œetherem non invaniea s et vert,os s._'oeao; nimbo lotlu procellan t ¢alUo 
nas. Lips. cent. OEtsc. ep. 8. 



Mena. 1. Subi. 1 ] Remed;es ogainst Discontet. 377 
oriental, occidental, combust, ferai, fie, and as car astrologers will, hve 
their fortitudes and debilities, by reason of those good and bad irradiations, 
conferred to eaeh other's site in the heavens, in their terres, bouses, case, 
detrinaeats, &c. So we rise and ïall in this world, ebb and flow, in and out, 
reared and dejec,ed, lead a troublesonae liïe, subject to many accidents and 
casualties of fortunes variety of passions, infirmities as well ff'oto ourslves 
as others. 
Yea but thou thinkest thot! art more naiserable than the test, other men 
are happy bu. in respect, of thee, their miseries are but fleabitina to thinc, 
thou alone art unhappy, noue so bad as thyselî. Yet if, as Socrates said, 
""Ail men in the world should corne and bring their grievances together, of 
body, mind, fortune, sorcs, ulcers, maclncs, epilepsies, agues, and ail thoso 
conamon calamities of beggary, want, servitu,!e, imprisonment, and lay them 
on a heap tobe equally divided, wouldst thou share alike, and take thy 
lortion ? or be as thou art l" Without qttestion thou wottldst be as thou 
ar. Ifsome Jupiter should say, to give us ail content, 
' Jam faciam quod vulti; erla tu, qui modb mlles, I « Well be't so then : you toaster soldier 
Iercator; tu consaltus modo, rsticas; llin{: vos,[ Shall be amerchant; you sir lawyer 
Vos hiuc mutatis discetlite partibu; ei  A country gentleman ; go you to this, 
Quid tatis t nolint." ] That ide you; why stand ye t It'a well as 'ti" 
"" Every naan knows his own, but not others' defects and miseries ; and 'tis 
the nature of all men still to rcflect uin themselves, their own m]sfortunes," 
hot to exanaine or consider othcr men's, not to compare themselves with others: 
To recount their naiseries, but hot their good gifts, fortunes, benefits, which 
they bave, or runainate on thcir adversity, but hot once to think on their pros- 
perity, hot what they bave, but what they want: to look still on them that go 
before, but hot on those infitite numbers tht corne after. "" Whereas naany 
a naan would think hinaself in heaven, a petty prince, if he had but the least 
Iart of that ibrtune which thou so nmch repinest at, abhorrest, and accountest 
 most vile and wretched estate." tIow many thousands want that which 
thou hast  how raany myriads oï poor alaves, captives, of auch au work day and 
night in coal-pits, tin-mines, with aore toil to maintain a poor liviug, of such as 
labour in body and mind, lire in extrenae anguish and pain, ail which thou art 
free from I Ofor$un«$s nimium bona si sua nôrin : Thou art most happy if 
thou couldst be content, and cknowledge thy lmppiness 
fruendo coynoscimus, when thou shalt hcreafter corne to want that which thou 
ow loathest, abhorrest, and art weary of, and tired with, when 'ris t)ast thou 
wilt say thou wert most happy: and after a little miss, wish with ail thine 
heurt thou hadst the saine cotent again, mightest le.ad but auch a lire, a world 
for such a lire : the renaembrance of itis pleasant.. Be silent then, rest satis- 
ficd, oeiw, in$uensq in aliorum iforunia solare nenSem, comfort thyself 
with other men's misfvrtunes, and as the moldiwarp in -,ZEsop told the ïox, com- 
I,laining for want of a ta[I, and the test of his companions, $ace$e, 
oculls captu» videtis, you complain of toys, but  ara blind, be qtfict.  aay 
to thee, be thou satisfied. Itis « rccorded of the hares, that with a gencrul con- 
sent they went to drown themsclves, out of a feeling of their naisery; but whea 
they w a conapany of frogs more fearfal thaa they were, they began to tako 
courage and comfort agaiu. Compare thine estate with others. ,.imiles 
«liorum resloiCe casus, mitius £sta feres. ]e content and test satisfied, for thou 
art well in respect to others : be thankful for that thou hast, that God hath 
doue for thee, he bath hot ruade thee a monater, a bcast, a base cretLre, as 
• SI otaries homine ana ma suasqne cm'as in unum cumulum conferreut, oequi$ divisura portionibua, &c. 
• | [or. ser. lib. 1. • tuod unn$quisque propria mala nowt, aiorum nesciat, in caua est, ut se inter alio 
niserum putet. Cardan. lib. 3. de consol. Ptutarch. 
qui se coelo proximos putarent, totilem reguos, si de fortnoe tuœe reliquii par ris minima ¢ontingat. 
loeth. le consol, lib. 2. pros. 4. b,, You know the value of a thmg from wanting more than from 
enjoying it." • H eiod. Esto quod e; quod mt alii, sine quelibet ee; Quod non e noli; quod 
lotoe e.e, veli. * ffopl ,b. 



78 C«e of Melancoly. [Par. 2. Sec. 

he might, but a man, a ChrLtian, sueh a man ; con-i,ler aright of it, thou art 
tull well as thou art. °(uicquixl vuh, haber« nemo potest, no man can tmve 
what he will, Illud potest riel& ltwd non habet, he may ehoose whether he will 
desire that which he bath net. Thy lot is fMlen, make the best of it. , t If 
we should ail sleep at ail times (as Endymion is said te bave donc), who then 
were happier than lais fdlow " Our lire is but short, a very dream, anJ while 
we look about, Simmortalitas adest, eternity is at hand : "heur lire is a pilgt4m- 
age on earth, which wise men pass with great alacrity." If thou be in woe, 
sorrow, want, distress, in pain, or sickness, think of that of our apostle, "Goal 
chtiseth them whom he loveth : they that sow in teurs shall reap in joy," 
PsaL exxvi. 5. "As the furnaee proveth the potter's vessel, se doth temptation 
try men's thoughts," Ecclus. xxv. 5, 'tis for ithy good, Periissesnisiperiisses : 
hadst thou net been se visited, thou hadst been utterly undone: "as gold in 
the tire," se men are tried in adversity. Tribulatio ditat: and whlch Came- 
rarius bath well shadowed in an emblem of a thresher and cern. 
"Si tritura abslt palels sunt abdlta grana l tf As threshin separates from straw the corn, 
los crux mundanis separat à paleis;" By crosses from the world's chaff are we born." 
'Tis he very saine whlch  Chrysosom eomments, Aom 2. n 3 A/ct. " Corn 
is net sepaed but by threshing, ner men frein worldly impediments but by 
tribulation." 'Tis that which t Cyprian ingeminates, ,Ser. . d immort. 'Tis 
that which  Hierom, which ail the fatbers inculcate, "se we are catechised 
for eternity." 'Tis that which he proverb insinuates. rocumentum docu- 
nentum ; 'ris thag which ail the world rin in our ears. 1)eus unlcum 
habet filium sine peccato, nullum sine.flagelle : God, saith °Austin, bath one 
son without sin, noue without correction. "°An expert seaman is tried in 
a tempest, a runner in a race, a captain in a battle, a vaiiant man in adversity, 
a Christian in tentation and misery."2Basil. hem. 8. We are sent as se 
many soldiers into this world, o strive with i, the flesh, the devil ; our life is 
a warfare, and who know it net ? r2Vort est ad astra ollis  terris via : 
"«and therefore pcra,lventure this world here is ruade troublesome unto us," 
that, as Gregory note., "we should net be delighted by the way, and fot'ge 
whither we are 
«* • Ite nnnc fortes, nbl celsa magnl 
Ducit exempli via : cur inertes 
Terga nudatis snperata telh,s 
Bidera domat." 
Go on then merrily te heaven. If the way be troublesome, and you in misery, 
in many grievances : on the other sideyou bave many pleasant sports, objects, 
swee$ smeLls, delightsome tastes, music, ments, herbs, flowers, &c. te rccreate 
your senses. Or put case thou art new forsaken of the world, dejccted, con- 
temned, yet comfort thyself, as it was said te Agar in the wilderness, ""God 
secs thee, he takea notice of thee : " there is a God above that can vindicate 
thy cause, that can relieve thee. And surely «Seneca thiuks he takes deligh 
in seeing thee. "The gods are well pleased when they sec great men con- 
tending with adversity," as we are te sec men fight, or a man with a beast. 
But these are toys in respect, " Behold," saith he, "a spectacle worthy of 
God i a good man contented with his estate." A tyrant is the best sacrifice 

• Seneca. *'SI dormirent semper omneS, nullus silo ftellcior esset. Car& • Senec de Ira. 
 Plato, Axiocho. An ignoras vitam banc peregrinuiiouem, &c. quarn apieutes cnrn gandio pe'currunt  
t ..i.c epedit; medicus non dat quod patiens vult sedquod ipse bonum scit.  Frumentum non egreditur 
lSI trlturatum, kc. I/'on est poena damnantis sed flagellum col'rgentis, m Ad hoereditatem 
oeternam sic erudimnr.  Confess. 6. o lauclerum ternpest» athletam stadium, ducem pugna 
agnanimum ealmnites, Christtanum vero tent&tio probat et examinat.  Sert. Herc. Fur. « Tbe way 
m the earth to the stars is hot so downy." q Ideo Deus asperum fecit lter, ne dura delectantur in via, 
oblivisCantur eorum quoe sunt in patria, • Boethius, 1. b. met. ult. « Go now, brave fellowa, whithr 
the lofty path of a great example leads. Why do you stupidly expose your backs  The earth brings the 
star$ to subjection.'" • Boeth. pro. uit. Marier spectator cunctorum desupcr prsesclus deus, bonls proemia, 
•nalis supplicia dispcnsans, t Lib. de provid. Voluptatem capiuut dii iquando magnos viros colluetante 
cure it&te vident, • Ecce apectaculum Deo dignum Vu" tortis mala fortnna compoitu- 



Sien,. .] emedle aans D;sconeal. 79 

fo Jupiter, as the ancients held, and his best object Ca contented mind." 
For thy part then rest satisfied, « cast all thy care on him, thy burthen ou 
him, "rely on him, trust on him, and he shall nourish thee, care for thee, givo 
thee thine heart's desire;" say with David, "God is out hope and strength, 
in troubles ready fo be found," Psal. xlvi. 1. "for they that trust in the Lord 
ahall be as lIount Zion, which cannot bo removed," Psal. cxxv. 1, 2. "as tho 
mountains are about Jerusalem, so is the Lord about his people, from henc- 
tbrth and fol" ever." 

hIEMB. II. 
Deformlty of body, slckness, baseness of birth, Teculiar dlscontents. 
PUTtCUt, t.t discoureurs and grievances, are either of body, mind, or for- 
tune, which  they wound the so of man, pmduce tMa melancholy, aud 
many great coaveaieaces, by that antidote of goed counl and persuion 
may be ead or expelled. Deformities and imffections of our bodies, as 
lameness, crookedness, deafnes blindness, be they innate or accidental, 
ture many men : yet this may comfort them, that thosc imperfections of the 
body do not a whit blemish the soul, or hiader the operations of it, but rather 
hclp and much incmase if. Thou art lame of body, deformed to the eye, ye 
th hhde hot but that thou mvest be a goed, a wise, upright, hoae mas. 
"• Seldom," saith Plutamh, "honesty and beauty dwell together," and ohen- 
tim under a thad-bare coat lies an ex,lient understading, sœel»$ sub a 
tritd itat sa v.  Coelius Muss, that famous preacher in Ita]y, 
xvhea he came fit iato the pulpit in Venice, w so much contemned by 
reason of h outside, a fittle, lean, poer, dejected on, "they were all rd 
to leave the church; but when they heard his voice they did admire him, 
and happy w that senator could enjoy his company, or invite him first fo 
his bouse. A silly fellow to loek to, may htve more wit, learning, honty, 
than he that struts it out  ml)llis jacta, &c., grandia gradies, and is ad- 
mired in the world's opinion: Vl soepe cadus nobile mr baba, the bes 
wine cornes out of an old vessel. How many deformed princes, ki»gs, em- 
pe, could I reckon up, philosophers, omtorsl Hannibal had but one eye, 
Appius Claudius, Timolon, blind, Muleass, king of Tunis. John. king of 
ohem, and Tsias the prophct. " The night th his pleasure;" and 
ior the lo of that one oense such men are commonly moemnsed in the test; 
they bave excellent memories, other good parts, mtic, and many rreations ; 
much happiness, eat wisdom,  Tully well discouroeth in his « Tusculan 
questions: Homer was blind, yet who (saith he) ruade more accurate, lively 
or better deptions, with both h ey Democtus xv blind, yet as 
Laertius writes of him, he sw more than ail Greece besicles, as « Plato cou- 
cludes, Tutu sa entis ooElus acutè iiig cernée, quum pntùn cor]or 
vulus resdt, when out bodily eycs are at worst, geRcrally the eycs of 
out ul seebcst. Somephilosophersand divineshave eviratedthemselves, and 
put out their eyes wluutari]y, the better fo contcmplate. Aagclus Pvlitin 
hoEd  tetter in his nose contually nning, fulsome in company, yet no 
so eloquent and pleing in his works. sop w crovked, Socrates purblind, 
long-legged, hairy; Democritus withcd ene leau and hh, ugly  
behold, yet shew me so many flourishing wits, such divine spirits : or, a 
little blryed contemptible fellow, yet who so senntious and wi Mar- 
ciHus Ficu Fber Stapensis, a couple of dwarfs; « Melancthon a sho 
• l Pet. v. 7. F- lv. 22. r Raro sub eodem lare honestas  foa habitaut. I Joseph Mucus 
vita ejus. • llomclo brevi, milent umbra hmini &c. Ad stupom ej erutionem et 
g}oquenti mirti t. tNoz haut su olupm. « Lib. . l flnem, c 9ott  
apiens et beaz» &o  In oenvivio. b . • Joachim Camari vil . 



380 Cure «,.fM«IznclJly. [Part. 9. Sec. 3. 

hard-favoured man. parvus erat, sed magnus erat, &c., yet of incomparable 
parts ail three.  Ignatius Loyol, the Il»tre,let of the Jesuits, by reason of 
hurt he reeeived in his leg, at the siege of Pampeluna, the chier town 
Navarre in Spain, unfit for wam, and less servieeable af cotu, upon that ac- 
cident betook himself o his beads, and by those means got mol honour than 
ever he should have donc with ghe use of his limbs, and properness of person: 
g Irulnus non penetrat animum, a wound hurts hot the sou]. Galba the emperor 
was erook-backed, Epictctus lame : that great Alexander a little man of stature; 
b Augustus Coesar of the saine pitch ; Agesilaus despicabiliformd; Boccharis 
a most dcformed prince as ever Egypt had, yet as I Diodorus Sicu]us records 
of him, in wisdom and "know!edge far beyond his predeeeasors. A. Dom. 1306. 
k Uladeslaus Cubitalis that pigmy king of Polaud reigned and fought more 
victorious battles than any of his long-shanked predecessors. 2Vullarrt virtus 
respuit staturam, virtue refuseth no stature, and eommonly your great va.st 
Lodies, and fine features, are sottish, du]l, and leaden spil'its. What's in 
them   Quid nlsl pondu, iners stolida'que ferocia wntis, W hat in Osus and 
Ephialtes (:Neptune's sons in Homer), ne acres long ? 
S'Qul or magntts Or;on, I « Like tall Orlon stalking o'er the flood : 
Cum perles incedit, medii per maxima N'erel [ When lth his brawny breast he cuts the wave 
Stagna, viam fiudeu$ humero supereminet undas." Hi shoulder scarce the topmost billow laves.'" 
What in 5Iaximinus, Ajax, Caligula, and the rest of those great Zanzum- 
mius, or gigantical Anakims, heavy, voEt, brb.rous lubbers  
--* "ai membra tibi dant grandJa Farcoe 
eutis eges !" 
Their body, saith * Lemnius, "is a burden to them, and their spirit- hot so 
lively, nor they so erect and merry :" Vor est lu magno corTore mica salis: 
a little diamond is more worth than a rocky mountain : wh;ch ruade A]exander 
Aphrodiseus positively conclude, "The lesser, the °wiser, because the sou] was 
more contracted in such a body." Let ]odine in his 5. . mdlwd, hist. plead 
the rest : the lesser they are, as in As;a, Greeee, they have generally the fines 
wits. And for bodily stature wh;ch some so much admire, and goodly pre- 
sence, 'tis trtte, to say the best of them, great nlen are proper, and tall, I grant, 
--caput inter nubila condunt (hide their heads in the clouds); but belli 
msilli, little men are pretty : "Sex/si bellus homo est Cotta, pusillus lwnw est." 
Sickness, diseases, trouble many, but without a cause; "» It may be 'tis for 
the good of their souls :" t)ars.fatifuit, the flesh rebels against the spirit; that 
xvhich hmoEs the one, toast needs help the other. Sickness is the mother 
modesty, putteth us in mind of our mortality; and when we are in the full 
carr of worldly pomp and jollity, she pulleth us by the ear, and maketh us 
know ourselves. « 1)liny calls it, the sain of philosophy, " If we could but 
lerform that in out health, wh;ch we promise in out sickness." Quum injïrmi 
.umus, "oTt'mi sumus; for "what sick man" (as ° Secundus expostulates with 
ufus) "was ever lascivious, covetous, or ambitious he envies no man, 
admires no man, flatters no man, despiseth no man, Iistens not after lies and 
tales," &c. And were it hot for such gentle remembrances, men wou]d have 
no moderation of themselves, they wou]d be worse than tigem, wolves, and 
lions: who shou]d keep them in awe "princes, maste]'s, parents, magisttates, 
judges, ff;ends, enemies, fait or fou] means cannot contain us, but a little sick- 
mss (as t Chrysostom obscrves), wiil correct and amend us." .And therefore 
« Riber. vit. ejus. • lacroblus.  Sueton. c. 7. 9. I Lib. 1. Corpore exil; et despecto, ced 
lngenio et prudcntia longe ante ne reges coeteros proevenien$.  Alexander tlaguini$ hist. l'olandLe. 
CoFpure parvu.s eram, coEbito vix ait;or Imo, 8ed tameu in parvo corpore magnua eram.  Ovid. ss Virg. 
Enei. 10. *" If the rates give you large proportions, do you hOt require facuities 1" a Lib. 2. cap. 20. 
Oneri est illi$ cot-poria moles, et spiritus mintm vi idL • Corpore breves prudent;ores quum ¢oarctata sit 
anioE ,t. . lngeuio p.O_llet cul -im natttra neÇavit. Multis ad salutem animoe profuit corpori$ .gritudo» 
]'etrarcn- q Lb. . Summa est rot;us Philesophioe i tales, &c. ffi « Wheu we are alck we are 
amiable." • Pliuius, epist. 7. Iib. Quem infirmum libido olicitat, aut avaritia, aat honores 1 hem;ni invidet» 
neminem re;rat tir, hem;hem despicit, sermone maligno non al;tut. * on terrer princeps, maist¢.r 
laarens juriez; &t -grtudo supervenien omaia ¢orrexlt. 



with good discretion, ° Jovianus Pontanus caused this short sentence to be 
engraven on lais tomb in Taples: " Labour, sorrow, grief, sicknesa, want and 
woe, to serve proud mastêrs, bear that superstitious yoke, and bury your 
dearest friend, &c., are the sauces of out lift." If thy disease be continuate 
and painfu] to thee, it will hot surely last: "and a light affiiction which is 
but ibr a moment, catLseth unto us a ç,r more excellent and eternal weight 
of glory," 2 Cor. ix. 17. bear if with patience; wornen endure much sorrow 
in childbex|, and yet they will hot contain; and those that are barren, wish 
for this pain; "be coumgeous, Zthere is as much valo«r to be shewn in thy 
be3, as in an army, or at a se tïght:" au vbzcelur, au vince, thou shalt be 
rid at last. In the mean time, let it take its course, thy mind is hot any 
way diabled. ]illbaldus Pirkimerus, senator to Charles the Fifth, ruled ail 
Germany, lying most part of his days sick of the tout upon his bed. The 
more violent thy torture is, the iess if wi]l continue : and though it be severe 
and hideous for the rime, comfort thyself as martyrs do, with honour and 
imrnortlity. That foanous philosophcr Epicurtts, being in as miserable pain 
ofstone and cholic, as a man might endure, so- ced himselfwith a conceit of 
immortality; "the joy of his sou] for his rare inventions repclled the pain of 
his bodily torrnents." 
Baseness of birth is a great disparagement to some men, especial]y if they 
be wealthy, bear office, and corne to promotion in a commonwealth; then (a 
he observes), if their birth be hot answerable to their cilin and to their 
fcllows, they are much abashed and ashamed of themselves. Some scorn their 
own father and mother, denybrothers and sisters, with the test of their kindred 
and friends, and will hot sufler them to corne near them, when they are in 
their pornp, accounting if a seandal to their greatness to bave such beggarly 
beginnings. Sirnon in Lucian, having now got a Xittle wealth, changvd 
naine from Sirnon to Simonides, for that there were so many beggars of 
kin, ud set the bouse on tire where he was born, because nobody hould point 
at if. Othet buy titres, coûts of arms, and by all menus scrcw themselvcs 
into ancient fami[ies, faLifying pedigrees, usurping scutcheons, and alt becauss 
they wou]d hot seem to he base. The reason is, for that this gentility is so 
much admired by a compauy of outsides, and such honour attributed unto 
it, as amon&t Germans, Frenchmen, and Venetians, the gentry scorR the 
commonalty, and wi]l hot surfer them to match with them; tbey depress, and 
::ake them as so many asses, to carry burdens. In our ordinary talk and 
fallings out, the most opprobrious and scurri]e naine we can "ten upon a 
man, or first give, is to call hirn base rogue, beggarly rascal, and the like: 
whereas in my judgment, this ought of ail other gdevances to trouble men 
lcast. Of 11 vanities and fopperies, to brag ofgentility is the greatest; for 
what is it they crack so much of, and challenge such superi«,rity, as if they 
were demi-gods Birth Tantcne vos 9en¢'ri, s tuit Juci veri 
erg, a mere flash, a cercmony, a toy, a thing of nought Consider the 
ginning, present estate, progress, euding of gentry, and then teli me what it 
is. "Oppression, fraud, cozening, usury, knavery, bawdry, murder, and 
tyranny, are the beginning of many ancient farnilies:  one bath been a 
blood-sucker, a parricide, the death of many a silly sou] in some unjust quar- 
rels, scditions ruade many an orphu and poor widow, and for that he is mado 

u lat. Ch Europ. dellcils. Labor, dolor, oegrltudo, luctus, servire pbis domin jum fera 
peratitionl quos habet aros pelir &c. ndimen vi surir. * Non tare mi qum proelio 
 irt etim lecW exhit: vin ant cet; aut tu febm relinqu, aut ipsa te. Senec& • Ti 
]ib. 7. fam. ep. Vi morbo laboran et noe mitten cte n ut riz incmea eaperet ; 
replebt hoec emnia aui gaaum ob memoam inventom, • Boetb. iib. 2. pr. 4. Hc 
exupera  t pudod deger san » Gçar. Ena polit thoe. t ,, Do such pmption in 
your orig po you" ¢ A pro peu emunt uobittem, ii illam lenocinio, alt veneficii alil 
acidiis; mtb erdiflo nobilitate ciliakplique ulation detractioa "t ci &c. Agrip. de 
uit. icnt. Ex hocio ve oa nobt et atrea 



382 Cure of Melanc]oly. [Part. 2. Sec. 3. 

a lord or an earl, and his posterity gentlemen fi»r ever after. Auother hath 
been a bawd, a pander fo some great men, a para,ire, a slave, °prostituted 
himself, his wife, daughter," to some lascivious prince, and for that he is 
exalted. Tberius pretrred mauy fo honout, in his rime, because they were 
fatuous whore-masters and sturdy drinkcrs; many corne into this parchment- 
row (so fone cal]s it), by flattery or cozeniug; search your old familles, and 
you shall scarce find of a multitude (as JEneas Sylvius observes), q«i 
zo,t ltabent ortum, that bave hot a wicked beginuing; aut qui vie2 do[,) eo faa- 
ti/il zor a«cendunt, as that plebeian in SIachiavei in a set oration proved fo 
his fellows, that do hot rise by knave T, force, foolery, villainy, or such indirect 
meaus. " They are commonly able that are wealthy; virtue and riches seldom 
settle on one man : who then sees hot the beginning of nobilityl spoils enrich 
one, usury another, treason a thh'd, witchcraft a fourth, flattery a fifth, lying, 
stealing, bearing false witness a sixth, adultery the seventh," &. One makes 
a _Cool of himsclf to make his lord merry, another daudles my young master, 
bestows a little nag on him, a third marries a crŒcked piece, &c. 2qov may 
it plcase your good worship, your lordship, who was the first founder of your 
family? The poet answers, "haut Pastor fuit, aut illud qtwd dicere nolo." 
Are he or you the better gentleman? If he, then we bave traced him to his 
frm. If you, what is it of which thou boastest so much ? That thou art Iris 
con. It may be his heir, his reputed son, and yet indeed a pricst or a serv- 
ing man may be the true father of him; but we vil1 not controvert that nowi 
married women are all honest; thou art his son's son's son, begotten and borlx 
infra quatuor maria, &c. Thy great great great gl'an,lçather was a rich citizen, 
and then in ail likelihood a usurer, a lawyer, and then a --a courtier, and 
then aa country gentleman, and then he scraped it out of sheep, &c. 
And you are the heir of ail his virtues, fortunes, titles; so then, what 
your gentry, but as Hierom saith, Opes attiquve, inveteratoe divitioe, ancien 
w«alth ? that is the definition of gentility. The father goes often to the devil, 
to make his son a gentleman. For the present, what is it? " If began (saith 
IAgrippa), with strng impiety, with tyranny, oppression, &c., and so it is 
maintained: weaith began it (no marrer how gt), wealth continueth and 
increaseth it. Those Roman knights were s called, if they could dispend 
per annum so much. kIn the kingdom of lqaples and France, he that buys 
such lands, buys the honour, title, barony together with it; and they that can 
dispend so much amongst us, must be c'allcd to bear office, to be knights, or 
fine for it, as one observes, nobiliorum ex cesu judicant, out nobles are mea- 
sured by their means. And what now is the object of honouri What main- 
tains out gentry but wealth I '=2Vobilitas sine repr«ectâ vilior algâ. Without 
naeans gentry is naught worth, nothing so contemptible and base. "Disputare 
de nobilitate gen..ï'is, sbe divitiis, est disputare de nobilitate stercoris, saith 
lqevisanus the lawyer, to dispute of gentry without wealth, is (saving your 
reverence), to discuss the original of a mard. So that it is wealth aloe that 
denominates, money which maintains it, gives esse to it, for which every man 
may bave it. And what is their ordinary exercise? "°sit to eat, drink, lie 
down to sleep, and fise to play :" wherein lies their worth and sufficiency? in a 
iiw coats of arms, eagles, lions, serpents, bears, tigers, dogs, crosses, bends, 
fesses, &c., and such like baubles, which t.hey commonly set up in their gai- 

• Plures oh prostitutas filia$, uxore nobiles facti; multos veuationes, rapin:e, eoedes, prestigla &c. 
Sat. bIenip. SCum enim hos dici nob,les riderons, qui divitiis atmndant, divlti vero raro vIrtutis sunt 
comites, quis non vider ortum nobilitatis degenerem  hune usure dtarunt, iHum spolia proditiones; hic 
veneficiis dittus, ille adulationibus, huic adulteria lucrum proebent, nonnuilis meudacia quidam ex Con- 
iuge qu.stum faciunt, pleriqueex natis, &c. Florent. hist. lib. 3. aJuven. 'A hepherd, or something 
that I should rather not tell."  Robusta Improbita h tyrannide incepta &c. • Gasper Ens thesauro 
.pvlit. ! Gresserus, ltinerar, fol. 266. - Hor. " Nobility without weath  more worthleas thau 
• .'I. nu.p. lib. 4. nu.m. 111. ' E:od. xxxtl 



leries, porches, windows, on bowls, platters, coaches, in tombs, churches, mcn's 
sleeves, &c. « Pif he can hawk and hunt, ride a horse, play af cards and 
dice, swagger, drlnk, swear," take tobcco with 
clothes in fashion, court and please his mistress, talk big fustian, q insult, 
corn, strut, contemn others, atd use a little mimical and apish complioEent 
above the rest, he is a complete, (Egregam veto [«ua'«r) a well-qua]ified gen- 
tlemnj these are most of their employments, this thcirgreatestc¢,mmendation. 
What is gentry, this parchmcnt nobility then, but as rAgrippa defines it, « a 
sanctuary of knavery and naughtiness, a cloak for wickedness and execrable 
vices, of/)ride, fraud, contempt, boasting, oppression, dissimulation, lust, glut- 
tony, malice, forrLicativn, adultery, ignorance, impiety ?" A nobleman there- 
fore, in some likelihood, as he concludes, is an "atheist, an oppressor, a epi- 
cure, a "gull, a dizzard, an illiterate idiot, an outside, a glow-worm, a proud 
fool, an arrtnt ass," Ventris et inguinis ma:wipium, a slave te his lust and 
belly, solâque libidinefortis. And as Salvianus observed of his countaTmen 
the A¢luitanes in France, sicut tulis primifaere, sic e2 vi2iis (as they were 
the firt in tank se also in rottenness); and Cabinet du oy, their on writer, 
distinetly of the test. "The nobles of Berry are most part leehers, they of 
Tomne thieves, they of/qarbonne covetous, they of Guienne eoiners, they of 
1)rovenee atheists, they of Rheims superstitious, they of Lyon« treacherous, of 
lqoïmandy proud, of Picardy insolent," &e. We may generally conclude, the 
greater men, the more vieious. In fine, as tneas Sylvius adds, "they are 
most par miserable, sottish, and filthy fllows, like the walls of their bouses, 
fait without, foui within." What dost thou vatmt of new ? " °What dost 
thou gape and wonder af ? admire him for his brave apparcl, horses, dogs, fine 
bouses, manors, orehards, gardens, walks  Why ? a fool may be possessor 
of this as well as he; and he that accounts him a better ban, a nobleman f,,r 
having of it he is a fool himsel£" low go and brag of thy gentility. This 
is it belike which makes the Turks at this day seora nobility, and all those 
huffing bombast titles, vhich se much elevate their poles : except if be such as 
bave got it at first, maintain it by seine supereminent quality, or excellent 
worth. And for this cause, the Ragusian eommonwealth, Switzers, and the 
united provinces, in all heir aristoeraeies, or democratical monarchies (if 
may se call them), exclude all these degrees of hereditary honours, and will 
adroit of none te bear office, but sueh as are leaïned, like those Athenian 
_Areopagites, wise, discreet, and well brought up. The Chinese observe the 
saine eustoms, no man amongst them noble by bioEh; out of their philosophers 
and doetors they choose magisttes: their politie nobles are taken frein such 
as be moraliter nobiles, virtuous noble; nobilitas ni olim ab oïcio, no à naturd, 
as in Israel of old, and their office was te dcfend and govern their country in 
war and peace, net te hawk, hunt, eat drink, gaine alone, as too many de. 
Their Loysii, Mand.rini, literati, licentiati, and such sa bave raised themselves 
by their worth, are their noblemen only, though fit te govera a state; and why 
then should any that is otherwise of worth be ashamed of his birth ? wh.v 
should net he be as mueh respeeted that leaves a noble posterity, as he that 
bath had noble ancestors? nay, why net more? for plures solen, orientem we 
adore the sun rising most part ; and how mueh better is it te say, Ego 
majoribus virute pruxi (I bave outshone my ancestora in virtues), te boas 

pocts commonstr si naturoe rob numerosa venere proben &c. « Difficile  ut non sit superbus 
div Atin. ser. 24. ,obtnilaliudnsiprobifurorrsplatrocinium, homici,lux 
venatio, violenti &c. • The fl took swsy my lord  the m 'w spposite. ' De miser. 
curie. Me suuç eptl auu tu suut, multt ut pie um suaire e«iosi. n Mir 
• t equ c ordinem famulo, laut men oedes, viH pi pisc $ylv, &c. hœec 
omnia stult qui pot. Pdal noster lenocinio nobil, tat . n Sylus. a Belloni 
. fib. 2. Y a Bcci b. 1. p. . Ad re$end remp.  doc[ore aut licflall 



3 C«re .,f.l/d«'lob./. [Part. 2. c. 3. 

himself of his virtues, than of his birth ? Cathesbeius, sultan of Egypt aud 
Syria, was by his condition -'t slave, but tbr worth, valeur, and manhood second 
te no king, and for that cause (as "Jovits writes) clccted emperor of the ]Iame- 
lukes. That poor Spanish Pizarro tbr his valeur ruade by Charles the Fifth 
5Iarquess of Anatillo: the Turkey Pashas are ail such. Pentinax, PhilliFpus 
Arabs, 5[aximinus, Probus, Aurelius, &c., frein common soldiers became 
emperors, Cato, Cincinnatus, &c., consuls, t'ius Sccundus, Sixts Quintus. 
Jhan Secundus, 1Nicholas Quintus, &c., popes. Soc-atcs, Virgil, Horace, 
libertina parte natus, • The kings of Denmark fetch their pedigrce, as soute 
say, frein one Ulfo, that was the son of a bear.   tenu! casa scep vir 
tagnus exoEt, many a worthy mati cornes out of a poor cottage. Hcrcules, 
ltomulus, Alexauder (by Olympia's confession), Themistocles, Juffurtha, King 
Arthur, William the Conqueror, ttomer, Demosthenes, P. Lumbard. P.Comea- 
ter, Bartholus, Adrian the fomoEh Pope, &c., bastards; and almost in every 
kingdom, the bost ancient familles bave been ai fixt princes' bastards'- their 
worthiest cal»tains , best wits, greatest scholars, bravest spirit in ail our annals, 
bave been base. ¢Cardan, iu his Subtlcties, givcs a reason why they are most 
part better able than others in body and mind, and se, per consequens, more 
fortunate. Castruccius Castrucanus, a poor child, fuud in the field, exposed 
te misery, became ln4nce of Lucca and Senes in Italy, a most complote soldier 
and worthy captain; Machiavel compares him te Se!pie or Alexander. "And 
'ris a wonderful thing (%aith he) te him that shall cousider of if, that all those, 
or the greatest part of them, tbat have done the grcatest exploits here up,n 
earth, and excclled the test of the nobles of ther time, bave been st!Il born in 
seine abject, obscure place, or of base and obscure abject paxnts." A most 
memorable observation, ° Scaliger accounts if, et ¢m prtetereuu.lum, max.i- 
morum virorum plerosue pattes ignoratos, marres impudicas fuisse, t " I 
could recite a great catalogue of them," every kingdom, evet T province will 
yield innumerable examples; and whythen should baseness of birth be objected 
te any man? Who thinks worse of Tully for being Arl»inas , an upstart  Or 
Agathocles, that Sicilian king, for being a potter's son  Ipbicrates and 
]larius were meanly born. What wise man thinks better of any person for 
nobility? as he said in SMachiavel, otaries eodem lttre nai, Adam's sons, con- 
ceived ail and born in sin, &c. "We are by nature ail as one, ail alike, if 
you see us naked ; let us wear theirs and they our clothes, and what is the 
difference ? " Te speak truth, as Bale did of P. Schahchius, "I more esteem 
thy worth, learning, honesty, than thy nobflity; honour thee more that thou 
art a writer, a doctor of divinity, than Earl of the Huus, Baron of Skradine, or 
hast title te such and such provinces," &c. "Thou art nore fortunate and great" 
(se' Jovius writes te Cosmo de' ]I«dici, then Duke of Floxnce) "for thy vnues, 
than for thy lovely wife, and happy children, ff!ends, fortune, or gTeat duchy 
of Tuscany." Se I accourir thee; and who doth net se indeed  Abdolo- 
re!nus vas a gardener, and yct by Alexander for his virtues ruade king of 
Syria. ]:Iow tauch better is it te be born of mean parcntage» and te excel in 

• Lib. I. hist. conditlone serrns, eoeferum acer belle, et anirni maffnitudine maxirnorm refrain hem'n! 
ecundus : oh hoec à Mameluchia in regern electus, • Olau Magnus, lib. 18. Saxe Gr&mmati¢us 
h qu» rex Suen,, et ¢ter& Danorum regain stemrnata.  Seneca de C, ntro. Philos. epist. © Corpore 
sunt et anime fortiores spurii, plerumque oh amoris vehementiam, seminis crass., e. d Vlta ttruecii. 
Nec proeter rationem mirum vider! debet, si quia rem considerare ve|it, omnes eos vel saltem maximam 
pro'rem, qui in hec terrarum orbe res pr.'estantiores ggressi sunt, arque inter c.'eteros tevi sui heroa exeel- 
luerunt, aut obscure, aut abjecte loco editos, et prog'natos fuise abjectis parenibus. Eorum ego C&taloïum 
hllinitum recensere possern, • Exercit. 265. e ,, It i & thing deserving of out notice, that most greM; 
l||ell were boru in obscurity and of unchaste mothers." • Flor. hist. 1.3. Quod i nudos nos conspicl 
onfingat, omnium un& eadernque erit racles ; narn s': ipsi nostraa, nos eorum vestes lnduaxnu, nos, &c. 
I't merito dicam, qttod simpliciter sentiam, Faulum Schalichlum scriptorem, et doctorem, pluris facio 
quam eomitem Huunorum, et Baronem Skradinum ; Fncy¢lopoediam tuam et orbem disciplinarum omnibu 
provinc is ante:ero. Bal,eus, epist, nuneupat, ad .5 cent. ultimarn ecript. Brit. I Prœef. hist. ltb. l. 
virtute tua major, quam &ut Hetrusci impcrii fortuna aut numero, et decor± prolis tz,-licitate tutior cvad 
 Ctu-tiu 



worth, te be morally noble, w],ic], Ls prefen'ed bef:c t],at natttral nobility, by 
divines, philosophers, and 'politicians, te be lea,-ned, honest, discreet, well- 
qualified, te be fit for auy mazmer of employment, in country and common- 
wealth, war and pee, than robe De$1aere.s Neoptoleml, s nme-y brave nobles 
sre, only wise because rich, otherwise idiots, illiterate, unfit for any manncr of 
»ervicel "=Udalricus, ]ad of Cilia, upbraded John Iluniadcs with t.he base- 
ness of his birth, but he replied, in te Ciliensis comltatus tu7,iler extbzyuRur, in 
me loriose 17itricensis exoritur, thine earldom is consumed with riot mine 
begins with honour and renown. Thou hast hd se many nohlc ancestors; 
what is that te thee V. e nostr voco, *when thon a a dizz.rd thyself: 
9uod prodest, Pontice, lon#o ste»mate ceser£? &e. I eondudc, hast thou a 
sound body, and  good seul, good bringing up Art thou vioEuous, hoaest. 
learned, well-qualified, religious, are thy conditions good?thon art a truo 
nobleman, perfectly noble: although born of Thersitesdmn m,,clo tu s------ 
.E«cldoe similis, non natus, sedJhctus, noble xa.--" ioZ,], "°fo," lteither sword, 
ner tire, ner water, ner sickness, ner outward violence, ner the devil himself 
can take thy good parts frein thee." ]3e net ashamed of thy bioEl, then, thon 
art a gentlemaa ail the world over, and shalt be honoured, when as be, strip 
him of his fine clothes, dispossss him ofhis wealth, is a funge (which Poly- 
nices in his banishment fouad true byexperience, gentry was net esteemed)like 
a place of coin in atmther couttry, that no man will t.oEke, and shall be cott- 
tenmed. Once more, though thou be a barbarian, bort at Tontonteac, a villain, 
u slave,  Saldanian negr% or a rude Virginian in Dasamonquepec, he a F,'ench 
monsieur,  panish don, a seignior of Italy, I cure net how descetded, of 
what family, of what order, baron, count, prince, if thou be well qualified, and 
ha trot, but a degenerate leoptolemus, I tell thee in  word, thou art  man» 
and ha is a beast. 
Let no terrœeefilius, or upstart, insul( af this which I have satd, no worthy 
geatleman take offence. I speak it net te detmct frein such as are welI 
deserving, truly virtuoas and noble: I de mach respect and honour trm get T 
and nobility; I vas born of worshipful parents myself, in an ancient fami]y». 
but I ara a younger brother, it concerns me net: or had I been seine grea 
heir, richly endowed, se minded as I ara, I should net bave been elevated ai 
ail, but se esteemed of if, as of all other humau happiness, honours, &c., they 
bave their period, are brittle and incoustaat. As he said of that ,«t 
river Danube, it riseth frein a small fountain, a little brook at first, sometimes 
b,ad, sometimes narrow, now slow, thea swift, inereased at last te an incredible 
greatness by the confluence of sixty navigable rivers, it vanisheth in conclusion, 
ioseth his naine, and is snddenly swalJowed up of the Euxine sea: I may say. 
of our gretest families they were ucau at first, augmented by rich marriages, 
l,urchases, ,»tfices, they continue for seine ages, with seine little alteratiua of 
ircumstmces, fortunes, places, &c., by seine prodigal sou, for seine default, or 
tbr want of issue they are defaced in m instant, and their memory blotted out. 
Se much in the meantime I de attribute te Gcntility, that if he be well- 
descended of worshipftd or noble parentage, he will express if in his conditions, 
Progenerant aquiloe columbas." 
And a]though the nobi]ity of out rimes be mueh like Otlr colas, more/tf numbet 
tntl value, but less in weight sad goodnes» wtth tiner stmps, cul% or outsides 

' Bodlne de rep. llb. 3. cap. S. in 2EneaS SIII, lib. 2. p. 29. » ' If children be prou 
haughty, fooish, they defile the obill of their kindred," E¢¢i. xxii. B. * Cujt« io nec lutte 
eril d, lice lucendlo absm ncc aqllal'Uffi vorane bsorberi vol ri morbl dtrui 
botb to some strange pce nakcd, ad ign«toN as Aristippus sd, yoa shall see thc diffcrence. Bacon's 
}says. q Fsmilt splendor nihil opis sttali[ &c. • 'lnvius hic ilistf» hltmallarltm rcrnm imago 
qnoe pas due sub inil$ in Immensum ct'un et subite ¢vancunt. 
edrand mitudinem excrescit, tamlemque In mari Ëuxo avariait. 
t ,, For ¢r¢e egl= de net procrvte iimid rmg-dov." 



356 Cure of Mdancdy. [Part. 2. Sec. 3.' 

tban of old; yet if he retain those ancient characters of truc gentry, he will be 
more affable, courteons, gently disposed, of fairer carriage, better temper, or 
more magnanimous, beroical, and gcnerous spirit, than that vu/9us ominum, 
tbose ordinary boom and peasants, 9i ado impro, ctgfestes, et i,wulti plrum- 
que surir, n« dicam mallciosi, ut nemlni ullum humanitatis oflïcium proestent, 
ipsi Deo si advenerit, as °one observes of them, a de, btish, uncivil, wild, 
« currish generation, cruel and malicious, incapable of discipline, and such as 
Iave scarce common sense. And it may be generally spoken of ail, which 
'Lemnius the physician said of Iris travel into England, the common people 
wcre silly, mdlen, dogged clowns, s«d mitlor nobilitas, ad omne humanitatis 
offwium pm'atissbra, the gentlemen were conrteous and civil. If it so fMI out 
(ira often il doth) that such peasants are preferred by reason of their wealth, 
chance, error, &c., or otherwise, yet as the cal in the fable, when she was 
turned to a fuir maid, would play with mice; a cur will be a cur, a clown will 
be a clown, he will likely savour of the stock whenco he came, and that inhale 
rusticity can hardly be shaken off. 
« • Licet superbus ambu]et pecuniî 
}'ortunu non mutst 
And thongh by their education such men may be better qnMified, and more 
rcfined; yet there be many symptoms by which they may likely be dcscried, 
ca affccted fantastica] caxriage, a tailor-like sprnceness, 
their proccedings; chomer than ordinary in his diet, and as Hierome well 
dvscrihes such a one to his epotian; "An npstart bora in a base cottage, 
that scarce al first had course bread fo fill his hnngry guts, must now feed on 
kickshaws and ruade dishes, will bave ail variety of flesh and fisb, the best 
oysters," &c. A begga;s brut will be commoaly more scornfnl, imperious. 
insulting, insolent, than anotber man of his tank : « l-othing go intolerable as 
a fortnnate fool," as Tully round out long since out of 
'ius niltilest, humili cure surgir in allure, set a beggar on horseback, and ho 
vfll ridt a gallop, a gfllop, &c. 
 • deavit in omne 
Dura se posse putat, nec lellua toev|or ulla  
Quam rvi rabie. in lib¢ra collt farentis;" 
lac forgets what he was, domineers, &c., and many such other symptoms he 
bath, by which you may know him from a truc gentleman. Many errors and 
obliquities are on both sides, noble, ignoble, jàctis, natis; yet sti]l in all 
callings, as some degenerate, some axe well deser-ing, and most worthy of their 
honours. And as Bosbequius sad of Solyman the hIagIfificent, he was tanto 
d7nus imperlo, worthy of that great empire. Iany meaaly descended are 
most worthy of their honour, politic nobiles, and well deserve il. ][any of out 
nobility so born (which one said of ]ephoestion, Ptolemeus, Selencus, Anti- 
gonu &c., and the rest of Alexander's followers, they were all worthy fo be 
monarchs and generals of armies) deserve to be princea And I ara so "far fortll 
of "Sesellins's mind, that they ought fo be preferred (if capable) before others, 
"as being nobly born, ingenuously brought up, and ri'oto their infancy trained 
to all manner of civi]ity." For learning and virtue in a nobleman is more 
eminent, and, as a jewel set in gold is more peciotts, and much fo be respected, 
such a man deserves better than others, and is as great an honour to his family 
as his noble family to him. In a word, many noblemen are an ornament to 
their order: many poor men' ons are singularlywell endowed, mosteminent, 
and well deserving for their worth, wisdom, lcarnin, virtue, valottr, integrity$ 

• Ssblns In 6. Ovtd. Met. fsb  t Llb. I. de . Comp]exionlbuz. • HŒEE. . Od. • And 
alth«ugh he bot of h wlth, Foëne h hot chged s nature." s Lib. 2. . 15. Natut sardid¢ 
tuolo et paupere domo, qui l mlo entem vtrem, &c.  ii fuuato insiplente Inlerabili. 
Claud. 1.9.  En,op. • Lib. 1. de Rep. G. Quoniam et commoore ut..nt oention% et hot 
co na, jam indc b p  mo cittem educ st s et sœeuefa 



lrem. 3.] 'em//es af/ainst Diacoutetts. 387 

excellent members and pilla., of a commonwealth. And thercfore to con- 
:lude that which I tiret inended, to be base by bhh, meanly born, is no 
sttch disparagement. Et sic dem»nstratar, quod erttt demonstrandum. 

:IEMB. III. 
Against Povertj and Want, with such other Adverstles. 
O:v- ofthe greatest mioeries that n befal a man, in the worll's eteem, is 
poverty or waut, which makes men steal, ar fMse witue, swear, for»wear, 
conteud, murder and rebel, which breaketh sleep, and catmeth death itselt 
5s rŒE ubrg rs ogrlo, no burden (ith Menander)  intolcrable 
as poverty : if makes men drate, it ets and dejts, censu ho,or, ceins 
amits; money makes, but poverty mars, &c. attd MI thh in the world's 
estm : yet if cnsidered arighb it is a great blsing in itoelf, a happy 
estate, and yidds no use ofoutent, or that men slœeuld therefore ouut 
themselves vile, hated of Ood, forsaken, miserable, uutbrtunat Cht him- 
self was poor, born in a manger, and had hot a hou to bide his head in ail 
his lire, "qest any man should make povey a judgment of God, or an odious 
estate." And  he was hilnselç so he informed hh Apstles and Disciples, 
they weoe ail poor, Prophets poor, Apostles poor (Aets iii. "Silver and gold 
bave I nonff 9. "As sorrowing (ith Paul) and yet Mways rejoicing 
h:viug nothing, and ye poeg ail things," 1 Cor. 
Philosophers bave been voluntary poor, hot only Ohristhns, but many others. 
ra¢es Thebanus was adored for  god in Ahens, "  nobleman by birh, 
ny servants he had, an honoural,le atendanoe, much wealth, many mano, 
fine aprel ; but when he saw thD, that ail the wealth of the world w bat 
brit¢le, uneertaia and no whit availing o lire wdl, he fltmg his burden iuto 
he oea, and renounoed his estae." The 
owned for oentemp of these fopperies, wherewith the world is *o much 
affected. Amougst Christians I oeuld rkon up many kings anti queens, hat. 
bave forkcn heir crowns and forun and willially abdicad hedves 
ff'oto these so mud eseemed oys  "many tha bave rethse,i honours, titles, 
d all this vain pomp and happins, which othe  ambitusly seek, and 
carefully study o compas and açaim iches I deuy hot are Oo,d's gooà 
girls, and l,lessings ; and lwn est in an, honout are from Ood  both 
rewar of virtue, and fit to be ught after, sued for, and may well be s- 
ed : ye no such great happin in having, or misery in wantiug ofthem. 
Dantur quidem bonis, ith Ausin, ne 
tlat bona, good men bave wlth that we should no think if evil; and bad 
men tha¢ they shodd no rely on or hold it so good ;  the r falls on hoh 
s, so are rich given o good and b, s bon 
goed only o the godly. But compare th esat, for çal par hey arc 
hot unlike ; and a beggaCs ehfl as 
ferior fo a prince's, 
wffi eily appe here 
the one, or mry in the other. He is rich, wealthy, fat ; what gcts he by 
it pride, soleney, lus, ambiçion, OEr, frs, suspicion, trouble, anger, 
¢mulaion, d nany filhy dees of body and mŒEE e hah indeed 
t Hlum paute xvlus ou « e qub Iroe lfinoe Julelum puret, gui pguper exo foret. 
Gl¢. in p. 2. ver. 18. Lu  Inter pro Thebos numatus, tum hbt gen, freuens 
fmuiltlum, dom smpl c Apeius Florid. I. 4. • P. esensi ep. 72. et 2. obtos rpul 
houor e onere miens; 
gltstlone; hic m pet otstione» illa ructatione; sius ie faso, qm hic lnedia ccstur. 
«. aoe. g In ilyerchen. 



vaety of dish, better re, sweet wine, plant 
elothes, lord i brveIy out, &a, and ail that which 3IilI admed 
 Lutin ; but with them he th the gout, dropsi, apople, pahi 
stone, pox, rheums, tahs, crudities, oppflations, i menehoIy, &c., lt ente 
in, auget, ambition, acoerdiug to  Chrysostom, "the sequel of ch h pride 
riot, iumperance, aogancy, fury, and ail rationM eotes." 
«   ti fregent cula 
Divitioe mo 
with their wfiety oî dish, mny such di oî bod nd md get in, 
whieh the poor mn knows hot o s turn 
«eontented mmolty (which, be 
in Romo, ruade a gfievous complMnt nd exclamation ginst rich men), 
the were mueh moEken  supposing such hppiness 
the best (id he) but ou know hot the several gripings nd disconnts :" 
the r lik« pad ws, f« thout, rotin ithin : dised, lthy, 
erazy, full of mp«rance's effeets ; «  nd who n roekon ha  you but 
knew their f, tares, nguish of md nd vexation, fo 
ubjeet, you would hereter nounce  riche." 
«  O si patean t pectora divi ] « 0 Chat their hr w but nieuo 
Quantos iut aublimis agit ] How fi of fear within, how furio 
Yortunametl Brutia Cote The nrow e enot o botero." 
Fante fret initier d tY 
ea, but he bath the world af lI that  rich, the 
z,   o  ««o (it is swoet te draw ri'oto a grt 
a happy man, qadored ke a god, a pc every m oeeks te him, app]auds, 
ouours, m him. He hath hono deed, abundanoe of 
but (as I said) withal ""pde, lt, anger, ftion, emtion, f, cares, 
spicion enter th  welth ;" for his intemperance he bath h 
crudities, gouts, and as fruits of his ioeen and fuess, lust, soEeiting and 
drukeness, a ner of diseases : poeuni augeur improb, the 
lthier, the ore dhont. "'He is expos te hatred, envy, pel and 
treon, fear of dth, deadation," &c., 't.is [a 
d the higher he cmbs, the ter  his ]. 
'««  ceoe avlore 
Decidunt  feritque 
Fga 
the lightnivg common]y oets on tire the highet towe ;  the more 
ement plcc he , the more subject te ll. 
Rumpitur numer arh uhea po 
Et subit6 nioe proecipitt opé." 
As a tree that is h laden with fit breks ber o boug, th thelr 
own catne they in tbemselv : wich Joachimus Cameraus hath 
elegançly expsed in his 13 Emblem, c. 1. « se cofi. The 
moens is their isery, though tbey de ap]y themselves te the times, te 
disoemble, colloe and flatter their es, obey, eond s wfll and com- 
ands, as much  ay be, yet toe equently they moEy, they ft them- 
selves lo se any hogs, as ne Sylvius observes, that when they are 
full fed, they may be devoed by th l»roes,  Seneca by ero w serve 
Sejanus by Tibeus, and Hamn y asue : I rolve with Grego, 
• G aile Tom. 2. [ Et t eonbelo foe atque oli ventis mo ndem edut. $ene 
t Diviti quel I temperi oganti upbi furor , omniue iationabIHs 
o. ' Juven. at. 6. «' Effeminate rich bave de-oeoyed the 
lux."  Satu. Ept. a Vos qd divit putafis feflc 
quoa pa hoec eorum quoe lstos cit t si uoet met et c quib obuoxfl s plt - 
«nd vob viti etimetis, w Sene In Herc. OEt. q Et is m st coo facit. 
odm, znsl «zpz sempoE solid fooe ludib. « Hot. 2. t. od. 10. * Qd me felicem 
toties JaoEt  t Q cecl b non t e 1o. Boa. 
ort. 



rem. 3.] ]em's «i Dconn. 389 
hono  a temçest, the higher they are e]evated, the more 
depred. For the test of h prerogatives which wealth affords,  he bath 
more  expes are the greater. " When goeds ince they are crecd 
that eat them; and what good cometh to the oe, but the holag 
creof with e ey" Eccles. iv. 10. 
  [il[[a fmeut[ tua wt ea 
Non tu c capter venter p[ quam me 
« an evll sickne, » Solomon oeils it, "and rerd to them for an 
verse. "They that will be rich çll into many fea d temptations, into 
many foo]h d noime l, which dro men  perdition." l Tire. ri. 9. 
"Gold d silver th dtroyed many," cl. i. 2. di soe[i 
d dbo[i: so wHtes ma; worldly w]th  the devi['s bait: and 
the Moen when she  fler of light  st faht m the Sun, the moe 
ealth they bave, the farther they are comn]only flore OE (If I had said 
this of melf, rich m od bave pulled me to pieces; but hear who saith, 
and who seconds it, an Astle) therefore St. Jes bids them "weep and 
how[ for the miri that sh corne upon them  their gold sll rt and 
canker, and eat the flesh  tire," James v. 1, 2, 3.  may then boldly 
conclude th "Theodoret, çcu divii «te, &c. «  oen 
you sll see a man abounding in wealt" çui çe 5 e rno 
i o»r, "and naught withal, I besh you oe m hot hapy, but esteem 
him unfounat% beoeu he hath my ocrions offcr  lire unjstly; 
on the other side, a poer man  hot merable,  he be go» but thercfor 
hapçy, tt those ev iç are ken om him." 
Non dentem ta vocaver H¢ !$ ot appy that  c 
Ree btum; reoEi octant And bath the world at w 
Nomen beat qui deom ut he that wise]y ¢ God's  
Munerlb sapienter ufl, Po d u them st : 
Durque cet paupeem patç That suffem and wlth pafle 
que letho flsgRi et." Abid hard poverty, 
d chth raer for fo 
Th do u 
ere now consioes his ppess# wat priveges th he more than other 
m or ther what ries, what es and doennts bath he hot mo 
tn other men  
Non eDIm g neque eoIa [ «Nor e norao ooEccm remue 
Summovet lictor mer tumt ] The miserable mts v the mind: 
 et cur Iueata coEc  car that He out, or tir ave [b'd." 
Tec volant." Thcgh-roofed ho wi huge beams coin« 
'T ot  lth oen ndioe m, let him  Job's venry, n Croe 
et Csi c,  s Pus OEur us ag ,  u« 
Croesus or ch Crsus OEot now commd hth, or get mseg a stomach. 
"H woip,"  Apeius descb him, in a his plenty aud at 
on,  forbidden to t, or ee bath no aœepi (sick  bed,  take no 
test, re eved with some coc see, conacted with fl et and eas% 
or troubloe in nd), when ,  the mntime, a h vehold are me, 
and the pst sant that he keeps doth conty feast." 'T 
/dlci,  Sene rms it, toed hapçin, infd fd, an 
kind of happiness,  it be appins at Oe. H gol , ctWrg of 
haess, and fooetio ait outwd enemie ot ee 
ward frs and 
« Reverue met omln, cque equac [ « deed m stlH attendg fe d 
Nec metut emi orum aut fee t  Nor aou cg, nor tierce wpons fe 
Audterque Inter reg reque n [ Wi  eonveme ey boldly, a 
Vt» nue gor reverentoe ab aoeo  Fg no flg t om gd 

rHor. "ATthough • hundred thou$and bushel of wheat may bave been thrhed  yo 
yvoe sm wlll not contn more than mine." • Csp. 6. de c . affect, rap. de prodfia; quo- 
ticunque vlfi suentem homem vide eue peimum, e  hune  utemu 
sed Infelioem censeam &e. aHoe. 1.2. Od. 2. Hor. lib. 2. .Fiod. lib. 4. Dlv illebo 
rdlcl» e  omni copis  clbum n al]t» c tcr to  si ¢ç stq 



390 Cr« of Mt,./. [Part. S. . 
Loo how many seants he bath, and so many enemles he suspects; for libey 
he entcans ambition; his pleasures are no pleasures; and that which is 
wot e cannot be priw or ejoy himse]f  other men do» his ate  a 
servitude. A countryman may trvel from kingdom to kingdom oce to 
provinoe, city to city, and glut h ey with delightful objets, hawk, hunt, and 
e those ordinary dispos, thout any notice taken, ail which a prince or a 
great man calnot do. e koeps in for star,  majtat dignit cat, 
 out Chin gs, of Borneo, and Tartaan Chams, those aur 
are id to do, seldom or never soen abrooe, ut j t ]izum erga se 
vant, wh;ch the ¢Pcrsian kin so precisely observed of old. A poor man 
takes mo»e delight  au ordina meal's meat, wh;ch he hath but oeldom, than 
they do with all the exoEic dainties and oentinual viands; Quipp 
oemt rarr s, 'tis the rarity and neoeity tht makcs a thing accept- 
able and pleut. Darius, put to flight by Alexander, drauk puddle water to 
qucach his thirst, and it w l,leasar, he swore, than any wine or me. 
excès,  SEl»ictetts aues, wl case a dlike; sweet will be sour, wh;ch 
anade tt mpemte Epicus sometimes voluuty st. But they 
always accustomed to the me dih (wh;ch are ntily dresoed by slovenly 
cooks, th-t after thcir obsoenities never oeash the bwdy hands), be they fish, 
flcsh, compouuded, ruade hes, or whatsoever eloe, are therefore cloyed; 
nectar's self grows loathsome to them, they are wea ofall their fine palaces, 
they are to them but  so many prisons A poor n drinks in a woodeu 
dish, and eats hLs ment in wooden spoons, wooden platm, then vesels, 
and such homely stff: the other in gold, sver, and precious stones; but 
with wht sucoess] i auto bibitur vnum, fear ofpoon in the on curity 
in the other. A poer man is ame to ite, fo speak h min fo do his own 
business himoe]f i  mittk paraMtum, saith i Postmtus, a rich man em- 
ploys a parasi, and  the major of the city, spks by the town clerk, or 
by Mr. Recorder, when he OEmlot exprès himselE Noni the natorhath 
a pule coat as stiff th jewels  h mind is full of vice; rin on 
gcm worth 20,000 rces, and  Pemx the Pemian king, an union in 
his r worth one huned pounds wclght of gold:  Cleopatra bath whol« 
boars and sheep served up fo her table af onoe dri jewc dolved, 
40000 sesterc  value; but to what end 
" um ti cure uc it iti aa q 
Doth s man tht  adry des;re fo drk  gold? Doth hot a cloth suit be- 
corne him  we and keep him  vain,  all the s, tins, 
taffcties and tissu? Is hOt homespun cloth  grt s prrvative agsit 
cold,  s coat of Tartar Ismb-wool, dyed  ain, or s go of giant 
br ero, ith Sueton., never put ou one garment twice, and thou 
aroe one to put on  what the diffenoe one's sick, the other sod: such 
the whole tenor of ther ves, and that wh;ch  the consumer;on and upshot 
of ail, death it kes the great derence. One ke a hen foeds on 
the duughill   dys, but is rved up at lt to  Lord table; 
othcr as s fidcon is fed vith paridge and pigeons, and caied on s mtel:s 
fist, but wheu he dies  flung to the muckhill, and there es. The rich man 
lires like Div jovially here on eab, mnt dihi, make the bt of 
it; and "bots himself in the multitude of  richï P xli 6, 11. 
thin his hoe "ed after his o uame sR connue for ever ;" "but 
* Hor. et m o Ire Ht mu]o vel  let que Tarière. f BnI. • Si mod 
aviima st mol, h Et in piis 1 coquus et pu ot mib ab exonatione vetztri 
omnia trtant, &e. Cd. !. 8. p. . de reram çiete. « Epist. kPhn. !. 57. p. 
z Zon 3, annal, m Piuch. t. . aHr. Ser. b. 1. Sat.  *p. 30. n 
 bi mdt. 



em. 3.J Remedie$ again Dicontents. 3fl 

perisheta like a beast." verse o0. -his way ntters his folly," verse 13. nab} 
larta malè dilabuntur» "like sheep they lie in the grave," vete 14. l"znct9 
descendunt ad in.fernum, "they spend their days in wealth, and go suddenly 
down to hell," Job xxi. 13. For ail physicians and medicines enforcing 
tuoe, a swooning wife, familioE comphiats, frieads' tears, drges, mggs, 
, ftmerals, for ail orations, counrfeit d acclamations, eulogium% 
epitaphs, hearses, heralds, bk moumem, lemaiti obelisks, and hlauso- 
leum mbs, if he baçe them, af let, Ohe, like a hog, goes to hell with 
guilty couscienco (opt lws divi inrn os suum), and a poor man's 
cuoEe : his memory stin 5ke the anuff of a candle hen it  pug out ; scur- 
rilous libels, and inamous obloqti company him. SVhen  poer Lazarus 
 D sacraum, the temple of God, lires and dies  true devotion, bath no 
more attendan but his o innoco, the heaven a tomb, desims  bo 
dissolved, buried in his mothes lap, and bath a company of «Angels rcady 
fo coavey h ul into &raham'a booem, he leaves un everlusging and 
woet memory behind him. Crass and Sylla are indoed stfll reoerded, but 
hot so much for the wealth  for their vicfies: Croes for his end, Solo- 
mon for his wdom. In  word "'o gc alth  a grt troubl% anety 
fo keep, grief go 1o it." 
« • Qutd  sd menti prr  
Op honor ambiant : 
• t cure fsa a mole paravc/» 
ut consider al] the other unknown, conoealed happinees, which a poor 
man th (I cull them uo, oEuse they be hot acknow]edged in the 
world's teem, or no taken), 0 fortutos nimium na si a n: happy 
they are in the meantime  ty wod ke notioe of it, make e, or 
it to theelves. «  pour m,a e  bter than a foolish ng," Eccles. il, 
13. "Foverty is the way to hven, the mr ofphilophy, the mother 
of religion, viue, sobriety, sister ofinnency, and an upght d." How 
many such encomiums might  d out of the OEthem, philphem, 
It tmubl many that are poer, they accot of it  a eat plague, curse, 
sign of 's hatred, ipm scel, damn vifiuiny itseif, a disque, shame 
and proach; but to whom, or why? «f fortune hath eavied me wealth, 
thieves bave robbed me, my father bath hot left me s,mh mvenues  others 
bave, that  ara  younr brother, bely born,--i sine lu« gen, sur- 
dmq parentum-n, of mean patentée, a di-dauber's n, ara 
therefvre to  blamed] n le, a bull, a lio is ot rejted for his poverty, 
and why shod a man?" 'Tis *fortunoe lum, n culpœe, fortune's £udt, nt 
mine. "Goed Sir, I ara a servant (to e "SeneoE's words), however your 
poor ftead; a servat, and yet your chamber-fellow, and yot oeider 
ter of it, yow feow-servnt." I ara thy drudge in the world's eyes, yet 
God's sight perveature thy tr, my soul is more precious, and  dearcr 
to him. t[am se diis curoe ,  Evanlus at lar prov in 
crobi, the mt oervaat  mo precio in lt sigh Thou art an 
epicure, I ara a goed Cistian ; thou a my paangs fore me in means, 
[vour, wealth, honour, Claudius's arcissus, Nero's Mas Domitian's Far- 
thens, a favourite, a golden slave; thon oevemst thy floom with murble, thy 
rooi with gol thy wh th statues, fine pictures, curio hangings, &c., 
sAdgenem Cerfs ne de et sanlne panct dcendu, t re et sicoa morte t}annL q 
all deliver his soul om the power of the av" Psal. xlix. 15. ffi Cvntempl. Idiot. Cap. 
aC,luisitio magni labo poio mai tmos, amiio mi doloris, • Boehi de conl, phil. l. 
« How contemplible s[olid min l'hey cov¢t rich and ntl d wh they bave obined th eo,a- 
OEodiIl of fe weight and mur thé, and hot for ey dend what  try vuablc." 
• Atin in Fs OExvi. nis Philosophioe mis  ium via • Bonoe mentis r pauper. 
 p tgoga piemtis bri çi mater, culta simpIex» bitu s ¢ousHio benuada. AçaL r Car, lan. 
Oppbrim,, non t paupe : quod latro epiç aut pater on reliquit cur mihi vit,o dateur, si fortuna 
diviti invidi$[ nonaqui non, &ce ffi Tuliy. Ept. 4. serv umme homo; 



392 Cure fMelanchJly. [Part. 2. Sec. 3. 
wht ofall thls? cacas opes, &c., what's ail this to truc happiness? I lJve and 
breatbe under that glorious heaven, that august capitol of nature, enjoy the 
brightness of stars, tbat clear lJght of suu and moon, those infinite creatures, 
plants, birds, beasts, fLshes, herbe, ail that sea and land afford, far surpassing all 
that art and opu[entcan give. 1 ara free, and wh;ch bSeneca said of ]ome, 
culmen liberos texit, sub narr, wre et auro postea servitus ltbitavit, thou hast 
.4 maltleve co«nu, plenty, pleasure, the world af will, I ara despicable and poor; 
but a wor,1 overhot, a blow in choler, a gaine af tables, a loss af sea, a sud- 
den tire, the prince's dislike, a lJttle sickness, &c., may make us equal in an 
instant; howsoever take thy time, triumph and insult awlxile, cinis ce(]uat, 
as "AIphonsus aid, death will equalJse us ail at last. I live sparingly, in tho 
mean time, ara clad home]y, rare hardly; is this a reproach ara I the worse 
fur it ara I contemptible for it ara [ fo be reprehended| A learned man 
in «Nevisanus was taken down for sitting amongst gentlemen, but he replJed, 
"my nobility is about the head, yours declJnes to the rail," and they wero 
silent. Let them mock, scoff, and revile, 'tis hot thy scorn, but his that mado 
thee so; "he that mocketh the poor, reproacheth him that ruade him," 
xi. 5. "and he that rejoiceth at affliction, shail hot be unpunihed." For tho 
test, the poorer thou art, the happier thon art, ditior est, o2 o melior, saith 
®Epictetus, he is ficher, hOt better tha thou art» hot so free from lt, env)'» 
hatred, ambition. 
u Beatus file qui proeu] negotii 
laterna ruxa bobas exercer 
Happy he, in that he is freed from the tumults of the world, he seeks no 
honours, gapes after no preferment, flatters hot, envies hOt, temporiseth hot» 
but lires privately, and weil contented with his estate; 
"Nec spes corde avida$,nec curam pascit inanem 
Securus qub fata ¢adant." 
Ie is not troubled with stars matters, whether kingdoms thrive better by 
succession or election ; whether monarchies should be mixed, temperate, or ab- 
solute; the house of Ottomon's and Austria is ail one to him; he inquircs 
hot aftr colonies or newdiscovcries; whether 1)eter were. af 1:tome, or Constau- 
tine's donation be of force; what comets or new stars siguify, whether tho 
earth stand or move, there be a new world in the moon, or infinite worlds 
&c. ][e is not touched with fear of invasions, factions or emulations; 
" Foelix llle anlmi al;risque slrnilllmus lpsis,  A ]appy sou], and like go God ]imself, 
Quem non mordaci rplcndens gloria fuco Whom hot vain glory macerates or st ifs, 
Solicitat, non fastosi mala gaudia Iuxus, Or  icked joys of tht proud swellin-, pelf» 
Sed tacitos sinit ire dise, et paupere cultu ]ut leals a sti]] poor and contcnted lire." 
 Exigit innoctue trnquilla silentia vit..' 
A secure, quiet, blissful state he hath, if he could acknowledge it. But hers 
i the misry, that he will hot take notice of if; he repines af rich men's 
wealth, brave hangings, dainty faxe, as Simonides objecteth to Hiero, he 
hath ail the pleaures of the world, kin [ectis ebur»wia dormir, vinu» phili 
bibit, optimi unguents ddibuitur, "he knows hot the aflfiction of Joseph, 
stretchiag himselfon ivory beds, d singing to the sotmd of the viol." And 
if troubles him that he hath hot the like; there is a difference (he grumblcs) 
vetween Laplolly aud Pheasant, fo tumble i' th' straw and fie in a down bcd, 
betwixt wine and water, a cottage and a palace. " He hates nature (as Pliny 
characteriseth him) tht he hath m-de him lower than a god, and is ang T 
t Eptst. 66 et 90. • lanormitan, rebus gestts Alph. • Llb. t hum. 218. quidam deprehensus quc 
sederct Ioco nobilittm, mea nobilita.% ait, est circa caput, vestra dec|inat ad caudam, • Tanto beatior e. 
quanto coilectior, fNon amoribus inservit, non appetit honores, et qualltercunque tel;crus satis habe 
hominem se esse ruera;uit, invidet hem;ni, hem;hem dtpicit, nemiuem mh'atoe sermon;bus nalignis o 
attend,t aut alitur. Plinius. • Polit;anus in rustico, a Gyges, regno Lydioe inflatus, scicitatum 
Apollinem, an quis mortaliurn se felicaor esset. Aglaimn Axcadum pauperrimum Apollo proetulit, qui ter. 
zninos agri sui nunquam excesserat, rure uo contentus. VaL lib. 1. ©- ?. Hor. hoec est Vlta solutoru 
mseraambitione, gravique. Amosvi. IProeft. lib. 7. Odtnatm "fflin quodinfradvoit 



lem. 3.] nedis =ybt is«or,. 393 
with the gods that any man goes bcfore h;" and Mhongh he bath ived 
much, y ( Sene follows it) «he tn it an jury that he th no 
more, and  so r from ving than for h tribeship, that he complains 
he is hot proetor, neither doth tt please him, except he may  consuL" Why 
is he not a prince, why hot a monarch, why not an emor$ Why shod one" 
man bave so much more tn his fellows, e bave all, another nothing  Why 
should one man be a slave or drudge to another $ One surfeit, another stae, 
one Hve at eme, another labour, without any hope of tr foe $ Th 
they gmble, muter, and repine: not considering that inconstcy ofhuman 
afin, judicially coufeng one condition with another, or well weigng their 
o present estate. SVhat they are now, thou mayest shortly be; and wha 
thou a they shaH likely be. Expect a little, compare futuro and times pa 
ith the present, oee the event, and comfort thyself with it. If is  weH to 
be discerncd in commonwealth cities, fames, as  pfivate men's estates. 
Ily was once lord of the world, ome the que of ciçi, vaunted hemelf of 
two myads of inhabitants; now that allmmanding country  pomeed by 
petty prc "Rome a sll village in respect. Greeoe of old the seat of 
civility, mother ofoeic and humaty; now forlorn, the nuée ofbarbam, 
a den of thieve Germy then, mith Tacitus, w ct and hoid, now fl 
of magnifioent cities: Athens, Corçh, Cartge, how flohing citi, now 
buried in their o rns! Cu,ra, apr  btrun lra, 
like so many wildernee a receptacle of d ast Ve, a poer fishcr- 
to; Paris, ndon, small cottages in Coer's te, now most noble emp 
rium Vois, Plantagenet, and Sciger how founate lies, how lely 
fo continue now quite exthished and rooted out. He stands aloft tday, 
fidl o vo, wealth, honour, and psty, in the top of forte's whcel : 
toemoow in rin, wor than notng, his n's a beggar. Thou art a poor 
servile ddge, Fœeoe ui, a very slave, thy son may corne fo be a princ 
with Iaminus, Athocles, &c., a senator, a general of an army; thou 
stdest bare  hm now, workest for him, ddgest for m and s, tt an 
altos of m: stay but a little, d his next he radventure  oeume all 
wth riot, be degraded, thou exalted, and he shall beg of thé. Thou slt ho 
his most honoumble patron, he thy devout rvant, s sterity shall , 
and do  much for thhe, as it w with Frisgobald d CromweH, it may ho 
for thc Citizens devour country gentlemen, and settle in the seaU; aftcr 
two or thr desents, they coquine 1 in o it retur to the city 
« --bave we d af a more fal rate 
Since this new anger e'd on o tatct 
q Nos incola venR; -- Eature will no peetuai heir i, 
Nain propnoe tellu hemm natur neque IH,  make the fa his proper or mine. 
Nec m nec ququ stait; nos expuiit OEe : He tu'd  out; but foi  s o 
 aut neqti aut vi scit J isJ'  law-suits and their avefi yet o, 
Or,  his fo and h law-suits p 
Some iong-llved heoE h  m out at lt.  
A laer buys out s or c]ient, after a 'e his cent's posterity buy ou 
him and his ; so t go rond, ebb and flow. 
"Nc  Umre  noml nupcr 0fe  "The fa, once m now b Umreu" namo: 
Dlctus erat, nui]i prop zcd cent    The e alon hot pp, we cim ; 
Nc mi» nc ak ;" Thon be hot with yo prient lot deprç 
And meet e futée with dad brut; 
 he id hen, çer js, ç  Dos  So say I of ld, housea 
oveab]es and money, mine tday, his anon, whose tmoow  In fine 
z Iachiavel obes), "tue and prosperity eget test; rest leness; 
riot ; riot doetction: from which we oeme again to go ws: goed 
oe De Ir cap. Si. lib. . Et si mu]tutu p in]urla pu/at plurann e; non tpro lba 
afl e querltr quod zoD sit ad proetam perdc; ncque c a si doeit Dsatus.  Lips 
admir. * 0f some 90,0 habitan now. eRd the story af lge  Jo Fox, his Ac and 



39t C«re ofI«lanclw/#. [Part. . Sec. 3. 
engender v]rtuous actions; vlrtue, g]ory, and prosperty: and 'ris no dlshonour 
then (as Guiccirdine adds) for a flourishing man, city, or state fo corne fo ruiu, 
.enor infelicity to be subject to the law of nature." Ergo terrena cacandc, 
sltnda coelestia, therefore (I say) scorn this transitory state, look up fo heaveJ, 
think not what others are, but what thou art: tQuâ parte locatus es in r« : 
and what thou halt be, what thou mayest be. Do (I asy) as Christ himself 
did, when he lived here on earth, imitate him as much as in thee lies. I-Iow 
many great Coesars, mighty monarchs, tetrarchs, dynasties, princes lived in 
days, in what plenty, what delicacy, how bravely attended, what a deal of gold 
and silver, what treasure, how many sumptuous palaces had they, what pro- 
rinces and cities, ample territories, fields, rivers, fountains, parks, fqrests, 
lawas, woods, cells, &c.  Yet Christ had none of all this, he would have none 
ot this, he voluutarily rejected ai1 this, he could not be ignorant, he could hOt 
err in his'choice, he contemned ail this, he chose th»t, which was saler, better, 
and more certain, md less to be repented, a men esr«te, even poverty itself; 
and why dost thou then doubt to follow him, to imitate him, and hisapestles, 
to imitate Ml good men: so do thon treatl in lais divine steps, and thou shalt 
hOt err eternal.ly, as too many worldlings do, that run on in their own dissolute 
courses, fo their confusion and ruin, thou shalt hOt do amiss. Whatsoever thy 
fortune is, be contented with if, trust in him, rely on him, refer thyself wholly 
to him. For know this, in conclusion, IVon est vo[entis nec currentls, sed mise- 
rentis Del, 'ris not as men, but as God will. "The Lord maketh poor and 
maketh rich, bringeth low, and exalteth (1 Sarm ii. ver. 7, 8.), he lifteth the 
poor from the dust, and raiscth the beggar from the dunghill, to set them 
amo]gst princes, and make them inherit the sent of glory;" 'ris ail as ho 
lleaseth, how, and when, and whom ; he that appoints the end (though fo us 
unknown) appoints the means likewise subordinate fo the end. 
Ye, but their present estate crucifies and torments most mort'al men, they 
bave no such forecast, fo see what m.y be, what shall likely be, but what is, 
though not wherefore, or from whom; hoc ang/t, their prient misfortunes grind 
their souls, and an envious eye which they cast upon other men's lrosperities, 
Iricinumue pecus grandius uber ]tuber, how rich, how fortmate, how happy is 
lle  Bt in the meantime he doth hot consider the other miseries, his infir- 
inities of body and mind, that accompany his estae, but still r«flects upon his 
own false conceived woes and wants, whereas ifthe mattcr were duly examincd 
"he is in no distress at all, he hath no cmse fo comllain. 
" toile luerel,  I "Then cesse complaining, friend, and learn tolive. 
Fauper enim non sst cul rerum suppetit usu= I He is no poor to whom kind fortune grants, 
Evea with & fugal hand, what Nture wants," 
he is not poor, he is not in need. "• ature is content with bread and water; 
and he that can rest stisfied with that, may contend with Jupiter himself for 
llappiness." In that golden age,'somnos dedit unbra saluIrres, Roture quoqu, 
lubricus amnis, the tree gave wholesome shade to sleep unde; and the clear 
rivers drink. The Israelites drank water in the wilderness; Samson, David, 
Saul, Abraham's servant when he went for Isaac's wife, the Samaritan woman, 
and how many besides might I reckon up, Egypt, Paiestine, whole countries in 
the "Indies, that drank pure water ail their lives. The Persian kings them- 
selves drank no other drink than the water of Chaospis, that runs by Susa, 
which was carried in bottles afer them, whithersoever they went. Jcob 
desired no more of God, but bread to eat, and clothes to put on in his journey: 
Gen. xxviii. 20. Bene est cui De.us obtulit Parca quod satis est manu; bread 
is enough " fo strengthen the heart." And if you study philosophy aright, 
sGuicelard. In Hiponest  null& Infeli¢itss subJectmn esse legl nature, &e. «Ferslu sOmne| 
dlvltes Qui coelo et terra rrnl possunt, • Hor. lib. 1. epist. 12. • Seneca, ep$st, t. panera et quarn natura 
desiderat, et hoec Qui habet, ipso cure Jove de fel|citte contendat Cllms simplex ramera sedat, vestis tentt 
frigu$ arcet. Fenec. elist. & mBoethius, • Muffoeus etahL B»ioniu Psal. 



lIem. 3.] Remedies against Discoureurs. 395 " 
sith aMaudarensis, ,, whatsoever is beyoud this moderation, is hot useful, 
lut troublesome." °Agellius, out of Euripides, accounts brea, l and water 
enough to satisfy nature, "ofwhich there is no surfeit, the test is nota feast, 
but a riot." aS. Hierome esteem. him rich "that bath bread to eat, and a 
potent man that is hot compelled tobe a slave : hunger is hot ambitious, so 
that it bath to eat, and thirst doth not prefer a cup of gold." If was no 
epicurean speech of an epicure, he that is hot satisfied with a little will never 
have enough : and very good counsel of him in the Spoet, "0 my son media- 
c.rity of reoans aees best with men ; too much is pernicious."  Divitioe grndes hominl sunt vivere par¢ 
,tZO I:|mo." 
And if thon OEust be content, thou hast bundance, 
thou hast little, thou wntest nothing. 'Tis aH oue fo be hanged in  cbain 
of gold, or in  rope; fo be fillcd with dinties or eorser ment. 
m  Si ventri bene, si lateri, pedlbulUe tuis, ail 1 ' If be]ly, sido, ad feet be well at eaa, 
Diviioe pote-unt regales addero maju." . prince's treasure caa thee no mors pieaae." 
Socrates in a fait, seeing so many thing bought and sold, such a multitude of 
people convcnted to that purposc, exclai.aed forthwith, "0 ye gods what a sight 
of things do not I want ? 'Tis thy want alone that keeps thee in health of 
body and mind, and tht which thou persecutest and abhorrest as a ferai 
I»lague is thy physician and 'chiefest fHend, which makes thee a good man, 
a healthfu], a sound, a virtuous, an bon°st and happy man." For when v]rtue 
came from heven (as the poet feigas), rich men kicked ber up, wicked men 
abhorred ber, courtiers scoffed at ber, citizens hated ber, and that she was 
thrust out of doors in every plae, she came at last to ber sister Poverty, wh°fo 
she hsA found good entertainment, loverty and Virtue dwell together. 
 «ZO vitre tuta facul[as 
lauper|, angustique iaa'es 6 ratinera noudum 
lntellecta 
IIow happy art thou ifthou coaldst be content. "Godliness is a great gain, 
if a man can be cntent with that which he bath," 1 Tire. vL 6. And all 
true hapiness is in a mean estate. 
çuas anmu.v manas faci, a kingdom in conceit : 
 anil amplius opto 
}Iai nate, nii ut prolria hec mi]ai ratinera faxl; 
][ bave enougb and desire no more. 
 Dii bene fecerunt lnopis me quodque pusLlll 
Fecertmt aaimi"-- 
'ris very well, and to my content. P 
quam lax.ara probo, let my fortune and my garments be both alike fit for me. 
And which « Sebastn Foscarinus, soin°rime Duke of Venice, causcd te ho 
engraven on h]s tomb in St. Mark's Church, " Hear, 0 ye Venetiaus, and 
will tell you wh]ch is the best thing in the wor]d : to contcmn it." I will 
engTave if in my heart, if shall be my whole study fo contemn if. Let them 
take wealth, Stercora srcus a»w2, so that I may bave security: bene qui laui, 
bene v/z/$ ; though I lire obscure, "yet I live clan and honest ; and when as 
the lofty oak is blown down, the sil]y reed may stand. Let them take glory, 
for that's their misery; let them take honour, so that I may bave hear's cas 
d Si recte ph|loophemin, quiequid apam moderationem supergreditur, oneri potius quitta usui est. 
° Lib. 7. 16. Cereria munus et a(lUSe poeulm mortale qu-unt habere, et quorum satentmquam et, luxua 
antem, un t coetera0 nou cpul.e.  Satis est dives qui pane non indiget; niminm pot°us qui eervire non 
cogitur. Ambi/iosa non est fames, &oE g Euripides, Menalip. O flii, mediocres diitioe hominibus con- 
veniunt, nimia vero moles pernidosa, t Hot. sO noetes coenoeque deim.  Per mille fraude 
doetosque dolos ejieitur, apud soeiam pauperratem eJuaque cul/ores diverten, lu eoram einu et tut°la deli- 
©iatur.  Lucan. "O protecting quality of • poor maa's life, frugal mean, gifoe scarce yet understood 
by the gods themelve." ffi Lip. miecell, ep. 40.  Sat. 6. lib. 2. o HOr. Sat. 4. • Apuieius. 
« Chytreus in Em'opœe delieils. Accipite, eiv Veuett, quod et optimum in rebu humauis, re humanaa 
• eontemnere, • Vah, vtvere °tiare nunc inbet, a Demea said, AdelFh. Act. 4. Quam multa non egeo, 
quam rouit• non dcsider0» ut 80cratc in pompa iii° in nundini. 



396 Cure ofIelawy. [Part. 2. Sec. 

.Duc me, 0 Juper, e tufatum," &c. Lead me, 0 God, whithcr thou wilt, I 
ara ready to follow i command, I will obey. I do nt envy at their wealth, 
title offices $ 
"Stet quleunque volet potcns 
Auloe culmine lnbrico, 
Me duic stret quiet" t 
let me lire quiet and al ease. • Erlmus forasse (as he comforted hlmsel O 
quando illi non erun, when they are dead and gone, and all their pomp 
vanished, out memory may flourish: 
--" • dant perennes 
8temmats non peritura 
Let him be my lord, patron, baron, earl, and possess so many goodly castles, 
'ris well for me" that I bave a poor bouse, and a little wood, and a well by 
it, &c. 
«Himeeonsolorvteturumsuavlu,a¢sl I'ent.  ] Withwhleh|feelmys¢lfmore tru]yblet 
Quoestor avu pater arque rneUa patruusque faia- "£han if my ire tho qutor' power poase¢d.  
I live, I thank God, as merrily as he, and triumph as much in this my mean 
estate, as if my father and uncle had been lord treasurer, or my lord mayor. 
He fecds of many dishes, I of one: • qui Chrlstum cura$, non mul$um cura 
quara de trrecioMs eibis stercus cofwiat, what care I of what stuff my excre- 
ments be ruade ? "• He that lives according to nature cannot be poor, and he 
that exceeds can never bave enough," $otus non su.fwlt orbi, the whole wurld 
cannot give him content. ", small thing that the righteous bath, is better 
than the riches of the ungodly," Psal. xx_xviL 16 ; "and better is a poor 
aorsel with quietness, than abundance with strffe," Prov. xviL 1. 
Be content then, enjoy thyself, and as bChrysostom adviseth, "be not angry 
for whatthou hast not, butgive Godhearty thanks for whatthou hast received." 
' • SI dal oinscula I lqe pete grandis, 
Mens• minuscu [ Lautaque prandi& 
l)ae referta, lire replet•.  
]ut what wantet thou, to expostu]ate the malter ? or what hast thou hot 
better than a rich man? "dhealth, competent wealth, children, security, 
sleep, friends, liberty, diet, apparel, and what not,"or al le•st mayest bave 
(the means bcin so obvious, easy, and well known), for as he inculcated to 
'«0 Vitar" quoe faclunt beattorem, 
Jucundissime Marri•Ils, hoecsunt| 
Re ]on parts lboreo ed relicts 
Li nunquam," 
I say again licou hast, or al te•st mayest bave il, if thou wilt thyself, and tlmt 
which I ara sure he wants, a merry heart. "Passing by a village in 
territory of Milan," saith St Austin, "I saw a poor beggar that had got belike 
his bellyful of me•t. jeting and mer»y  I sighed, and said to some of my 
friends that were then with me, What a deal of trouble, mad»ess, pain, andgricf 
do we sustain and exaggerate unto oumelvcs, to gel tbatsecure happinesswhich 
this poor beggar bath prevented us of, and which we peradventure shall never 
bave ? For tbat which h e bath now attained with the begging of some small 
pieces of silver, a temporal happiness, and present heart's case, I canr.ot coin- 

• pietetus, 77. cap. quo sur- destin•tus, et suquar alscriter, t. Let whosoever coveta il oceupy the 
highet piunacle of fame, sweet tranquillity shall satisfy me." u Puteanus, ep. 62. • Marullus. 
"The immortal Muses eonfer lmperishable pride of origin.  Y HOe erit in votia, modus agrl non Ita parvu 
Hortus ubl et tecin vcinus Jugis aquoe forts, et pauium sylvoe, &e. Hor. Sat. 6. lib. 2. Ser. • Hleronyr". 
• Seneca, consil, ad Albhmm c. I1. qui continet e intra naturze limites, paupertatem non entlt; qui excedit, 
eum in opibus paupertas sequitur, b Hom. 12. Pro his quoe accepLtl gratias •ge, noil lndignare pro 
qu nou aecepistl. © Nat. Chylreus delleiis Europ. Gustonil in œedibus Hublaul in coenacuio è reglone 
e.n .a..' If your table afford frugal rare wth peste, seek not, in strtfe, fo load It |avshiy.  • Quid non 
• et menus pauper quam clives t vilain, valetudinen clbum, somnum, libertatem, &c. Card. "/artiaL 
I. I 0. epig. 47. re,*d il out thyself in the author, f Confess. lib. 6. Transiens per veum quen(Lam 
Mediolanensem. animadverti pauperem quendam mendicur-, Jam credo larm jocatem arque rld¢utem 
 h]gemul et incutus um cure ami¢ qui mecum eranr 



fem. .] Remedie» again¢ Disconlent8. 7 
pass with ail my careful windin, and mning in and out. sAud surely the 
i,eggar w ver T me, but  w hevy; he  secure, but I timorous. 
nd if any m should k me now, whether  had rather be mers, or still 
 solicito and sad,  shwdd y, me. If ho shod ask me aga, 
whether I had rather be  I ara, or  this bear w,  shod sure choose 
tobe  I ara, toured still with r aud fea; but out ofpeevishness, and 
tot out of tth." Tht which St. Austin said of hielf here in th place, 
I may ty y to thee, thou discontented etch, thou covetous niggd, 
thou churl, thou ambitious and swelling ad, 'ris not waut but 
e which is the cae of thy woes; sertie thine affection, thou ht enoug 
 t Denquv lt n qumrendi, quoque habe pl 
Paupeem mei minu et finire laborem 
cipl; part% uo aveb uter" 
Iae an end of scraping, çurchasing this manor, this field, thst hoe, for 
th and that child  tho ht enough for thyse and them: 
• .- « qnod petls hic 
Est ubfl im si  non deflclt u » 
Tis at hand, at home aeady, wch thcu so earnestly seeest. 
«O si  ille 
Progim acç  nc denoat age " 
0 thaç I h but that one nook of ground, that field there, that çasture, 0 
vam azgentifs ç i r--O that I cod but d a poç of 
money now, to prche, &c., to ld me a new hoe, to mar my daghter, 
pce my son l &c. " 0 if I ight Lut lire a while lonr to see a]l thgs 
ttle me two or the yea I wod pay my debts," make aH my reckon- 
m even! bç they are corne and pt, and thou hast more busine than 
before. "0 mdn ço think  ttle that in thine old ge when thou 
ore, which in thy yoth thou csç hot now compose having but a ttle." 
Phus would firsç conuer ri and then ia,  uo  , and 
then live meily and take hh e : bt when C the orator tcld b he 
ight do that alreay, jam posse, r satied, conemning  o 
fvy. i p«wa e compoe gn, thou mast do the  d therefo 
Le composed in thy foune. Thou ht enough : he that  wet  s bath, 
be no more wet if he  flung to Tir, or into the oce itself: and  thoa 
adst aU the world, or s solid m of gold as big as the world, tho cansç hot 
ave more than enogh; enjoy thyse at length, and that which thou ht ; 
the nd is ; be oennt, thou t hot poor, ç rich, d so much the 
[uram, in wLhing 1, noç hang mo:. I y then,  j opé, 
s min pia('  EpicoeoE ace), add no more wealth, but h 
• thyde; d  "Cystom weU seconds him, i  d, 
divi; that's te plenty, hot to hsve, but hot to nt riches,  
  inœigere, ver« «ia: 'tis more glory to contemn, than to po; 
e  e,  , " and to want nothing is dine." ow many deaç 
dumb, hait, me, blind, mrale perdus cod  reckon ç çhaç are or, 
and with tremed, h imponmen bshmt, galley slaves, condeed 
fo the mes, qua, to gyv, in dgeons, perpetu thraldom, thon 
wch thou a ficher, thou t more happy, to whom thou art able to vo 

set certe file-lætastm', ego anxlus; seemms ille, ego tredus. Et  pereontaretm" me qIsplsm an 
exultare mal]em, an metuere, reaponderem, exu]tare : et si ruraus interrogaret an ego ta] eaem, an qual 
lmuc eurn me lpss curls coufectum eligerem; sed perversitate non vertate, • Ilor. i Hor. ep. iib. 1. 
O ai nuc morlrer, inquit, luanta et tlualla mihl lmperfects manerent : sed ml menslbua decem vel octo 
upervoEero, omnla redigam ad Ilbellum, ab omni debito creditoque me explicabo; proetereunt interim 
menSes decem, et octo, et cure illis anul, et adhuc restant pinra quam prlus; quid lgitur seras, O insane, 
nem quem rebus rats non Invaneras lnjuvanta, in aenecta lmpositurnm  0 dementiam, Qunm oh curas et 
mego.tl& tuo Judicio si infelix, quid putaa futurum quum pinrs upererint  Cardan. lib. 8. csp. 40. de rcr. 
. .t'iutar.h Ltb.d natati. p. l. oeApudStobeum aer. l. iom. lg. ln . 



398 Cure of MoencAMj. [Part. 2. Sec. 3. 

an altos, a lord, in respect, a petty princel Pbe contented then I say, repino 
and routier no more, "for thou art hot poor indeed but in opinion" 
Yea, but this is very good counsel, and rightly applied to such as bave it, 
and will hot use it, that have a competency, that are able to work and get 
thcir living by the sweat of their brows, by their trade, that have something 
yct; he t.hat bath birds, may catch birds; but what shall we do that are 
sltves by nature, impotent, and unable to help ourselves, merê beggars, that 
languish and pine away, that have no means at ail, no hope of means, no trust 
of dehvery, or of better success as those old ]3ritons complained to their 
]ords and masters the Romans, oppressed by the Picts, mare adbarbaros, bar- 
bari ad mare, the barbarians drovê them to the sea, the sea drove them back 
fo thê barbarians: out present misery compels us to cry out and howl, to 
n:tke our moan to rich men : they turn us back with a scornful answer to out 
Jsfortune again, and will take no pity of us; they commonly overlook their 
poor friends in adversity; if they chance to meet them, they voluutarily for- 
gêt and will take no notice of them" they will hot, they cannot hêIp us. 
Instead of comfort they threateu us, miscal, scoff at us, to aggravate out 
misery, give us bad language, or if they do give good words, what's that to 
relieve usl According to that of Thales, Eac// est a[ios wnere; who cannot 
give good counsel? 'tis cheap, if costs them nothing. Itis an easy marrer when 
one's belly is full fo declaim ag:tinst fasting, Qui satur estpLmo [audatjçunict 
ventre; "Doth the wild ass bray when he hath grass, or loweth the ox when 
he hath fodder?" Job v 5. « Nefue enim poptdo.Romano quiduam potest ess 
loEtius, no man living so jocund, so merry as the people of Rome when they 
had plenty; but when they came to want, tobe hunger-starved, "neither shame, 
nor laws, nor arms, nor magistrates, could keep them in obedience." 8eneca 
1,1eadeth hard for poverty, and so did those lazy philosophers: but in the 
meantime "he was rich, they had wherewithal to maintain zhemselves; but 
doth any poor man extol it? There "are those (saith °Bernard),that approve 
of a mean estate, but on that condition they never want themselves: and somê 
again are meek so long as they maysay or do what they list; but if occasioa 
be offered, how far are they from ail patience?" I would to God (as he said), 
"'No man should cornmend poverty, but he that is poor," or he that so much 
admires it, would relieve, help, or t se others. 
, o Nunc si nos audis, arque es divines Apollo, [ t, Now if thç hear'st u tnd art a good man, 
Dtc mihi, qul nummos non habet undc petat Tell him that wants» to get means, if you eau.  . 
]3ut no man hears us, we are most miserably dcjected, the scum ofthe worloE 
x l'ioe ld in nobisjam ¢ova p/aga/ocum. We can get no relief, no comfort» 
ao zueeour, r Et tihil nven£ quod mih£ ferre, t o2em. We have tried ail means, 
yet find no remedy: no man living eau express the anguish and bitterness of 
out souls, but we that endure itj we are distressed, forsaken, in torture of 
body and mind, in another hell: and what shall we do Wher, "Crassus the 
Roman consul warred against the Parhians» after an unlueky battle fought, 
he fled away in the night, and lef four thousand men, sere, siek» and wounded 
in his tents, to the fury of the enemy, which, xvhen the poor men pere¢ived, 
clamoribus et uhdatibus omnia comllêrunt , they ruade lamentable moan, and 
roared downright, as loud as Homer's lIars when he was hurt, whieh the 
noise of 10,000 men could hot drown, and all for fear ofpresent death. Bu 
out estate is far more traeal and miserable, mueh more to be deplored, and 
fr greatcr cause bave we to lamen j the devil and the world perecutez us all, 

Non iu paupertate, sed in paupere (Senec.), non re, sed oplnione laboures, • Vobis¢us Am'eliano. sed 
popu]us farnelicus inedi& l&boret, nec stras, leges, pudor, magitratua, eoer¢ere valeur, • One of the 
richest men in Rome. • Serra. Quidam sun t qui pauperes esse volnnt its ut nihil fllis deslt, sic com- 
men4ant ut nnltam patAantur lnopiau3; sun1 et alii mitea quamdiu diitur et agitur ad eorum arbitriurn, 
t Nelno paupertatem comrnendaret nisi paupe¢, a Petroniu. Catale. • Ovid "There ia ntt 
aI)ace leIt on out bodie for • feh etripe." • 0vid. • F|utaxch. vit. Craai. 



llem. 3.] Remtotes against Dscoten. 399 

good fortune hath forsaken us, we are left to the rage of begry, cold, hunger, 
thirt, natines, sicknes, irksomene, fo continue aI torment, Lbour and 
pain, to derision and contempt, bitter enemies ail, and iar worse than any 
death; death alone we desh, death we seek, yet cannot lve it, and what 
shall we dol Quod ma[}fers, assuesce; fer@ b«ne----accustom thyself to it, 
and it will be tolerable at last. Yea, but I may hot, I cannot, In  con- 
sumpsit ires .fo'tun noceno, I ara in the extremity of hummL adversity; 
and as a shadow leaves the body when the sun is gone, I ara now left and 
|ost, sud quite forsgken of the world. Qui .ace 
cdat ; comfort thyself with this yet, thou art af the worst, and before it be 
long it will either overcome theo or thou it. If if be violent, if cannot en- 
duire, «u sdveu', «u so[ve: let the devi] himself nd a31 the plagues of 
Egypt corne upon thee af once, fie u ce m[is, se.d colr audntio'f iD» be 
of good courage; misery i virtue's wheftone. 
°' • Serpens Itl srdor, sren 
Du]cia virtuti," 
as Cato told his soldiers narching in the deserts of Lybi, « Thirst, heur, 
sands, serpents, were p|easant fo a valiant man ;" hoourab|e enterprise are 
accompanied with dangers and damages, as experience evinceth ; they will 
make the rest of thy lire relish the better. ]ut put case they continue; thou 
art hot so poor as thou wast born, and as some hod, much better to be pitied 
thaa enved. But he it so thon haut lo8t all, poor thon at, dejected, in pain 
of body, gTief of mind, thine enemies insult over thee, thon art as bad as Job; 
yet tell me (sith Chrysostom), «was Job or the devi] the grmter conqueror 
snrely Job ; the b devil had I goods, he t on the muck-hi!! 
good naine; he lost his children, health, friends, but he kept hLa innocency; 
he lost his moey, but ho kept hii cinfidence in God, which was better than 
any treasure." Do tho then as Job did, triaml)h a Job did, "sud be hot 
molested as every fool is. e[ quâ 'cfo poro ? ]o shal] this be dinei 
Chrysostom answers,  s coeun cogivers , with great facitity, if thou 
shalt but meditate on heven, e Hannah wept sore, and troubled in mind, 
could hot est; "but why weepet thou," said F.lkanah ber husnd, « and 
xvhy eatcst thou noti why is thine heart troubledi ara ho  better to thee than 
ten sons" and she was quiet. Thou art hereevexed in this wold; but say 
to thyself, "Why rt thon trou]led, 0 my soull" Is uot Goal better to thee 
than ail temporalities, and momentary l)leasures ofthe worldi be then pacified. 
And though thou beest now peradventure in extreme want, tir may be 'ris for 
thy înrther good, to try thy ])tience, as it did Job's, and exercise thee in this 
life : trust in God, and rely upo him, and thou shalt be g crowned in the end. 
Vhat's this lire to eternityi The wold bath forsaken thee, thy friends and 
fortuncs a]] are goe: yet know this, that the very hairs of thine head aro 
numbcred, that Crod is a sIectator of ail thy miseries, he sees thy wrongs, 
woes, and wants. «  'Tis his good-will and pleaure it shou]d be so, and he 
knows better what is for thy good than thou thyselt: His providence is over 
ail, t ail rimes; he hv.th set a guard of ngels over us, and keeps us as the 
apple of his eye,  Pg xviL 8. 8oe he doth exalt, prefer, blcss with worldly 
riches, honours, ooEces, and preferments, as so many glistening stars he mkcs 
to shine bove the test : some he doth miraculously proteet from thieves, 
incursions, sword, tire, and aH violent michnces, and a the poet feigns of 

• Lucan. IIb. 9. • An qnum super flmo sedit Job° an cure omnla abstu]it disbolus, &e., pecuni 
rivt floEueis d hshi omui thuro precirem, • HOec dentm onte philosophemoE nec 
lnsipientmn ectibus stemur.  1 Sain. 1. 8.  Jm i. 2. "y brethr, un[ ig an exding 
Joy, wn u OEH inW ve [emptions.'" t AoEictlo dst intle¢[um; quos De dili ctit. 
eptimum quoeque u[ ms valetune sut luctu cit. Sen. s Qm rdet m te quum oelum 
lntueor, • Sen de pvidenti p. • Dfis i vis, dii mi nn[ quid [  mmod mem 
IHom. I. • 



00 Cre off«lancholy. [P-rt. 2. ee. . 

that Lycian Pandarus, Lycaon's son, wben he shot af /Ienelaus the Grecian 
with a strong arm, and deadly arrow, Pallas, as a good mother keeps flies 
from ber child's face asleep, turned by the shaft, and ruade if hit on the buckle 
of his girdle; so some he solicitously defends, others he exposeth fo danger, 
poverty, sickness, want, misery, he chastiseth and corrects, as fo him seems 
best, in his deep, unsearchable and secret judgment, and ail for our goooE 
"The tyrant took the city (saith k Chrysostom), God did hot hinder it; led 
them away captives, so God would bave if; he bound them, God yielded fo 
it: flung them into the furnace, God permitted it: heat tbe oven botter, 
was granted: and when the tyrant had done his worst, Goal showed his 
power, and the children's patience; he freed them:" so tan he thee, and tan 
thelp in an instant, when it seems to him good. «mRejoice hot against 
me, 0 my enemy; for though I rail, I shall rise: when I sit in darkness, the 
Lord shall lighten me. » Remcmber ail those maryrs what they lve en- 
dured, the utmost that human rage and fury could invent, with what ° patience 
they have borne, with what willingness embraced it. "Though he kill me," 
saith Job, "I will trust in him." Justus °inelugnabilis , as Chrysostom 
holds, a just man is impregnable, and hot fo be overcome. The gout may 
hurt his hands, lameness his feet, convulsions may torture his joints, but hot 
çectam rnentem, his soul is f,'ee. 
-- pUnepe, pecus» rem» | 'tPerhaps, you mean 
Leros» argenture tollas l]cet; in mnnlc|s e ] My estt|e, money, moveables, or 
Compedibus sœvo teneas ctttode."-- Then take them aH.--But, slave, if I command 
A cruel jilor shall th¥ freedom seize." 
«q Taire away bis money, his treasure is in heaven: bauish him his country, 
he is an inhabitant of that heaveuly Jerusalem: cast him into bands, 
conscience is fi-ee; kill his body, it shall rse again; he fights with a shadow 
that contends wih an upright man:" he will net be moved. 
 «si fractus Illnbatur orbi 
Impnvidum retient ruinoe. 
Though heaven itself should fall on his head, he will net be offended. Ho 
in impenetrable, as an anvil hard, as constant as Job. 
"• Ipse deu slmul arque volet me solvet opin0r." | «« A goal ahall soi: me free whene'ex I pleaaeP 
]e thou such a oue; let thy misery be what if will, what it can, with patience 
endure if; thou mayest be restored as he was. 'erris trroscrilgtus, ad «elum 
tropera ; ab ]mminibus desertus, ad Deum fu9e. "The poor shall net always 
be forgotten, the patient abiding of the meek shall net perish for ever," 
lsal, ix. 18 ; ver. 9, "The Lord will be a refuge of the oppreed and a 
defence in the rime if trouble." 
« Servu Eplctetus, mutilatl corporiS, Irus I u Lae was Epietetu and poor Iru$, 
Pnuper : st  Inter charus erat superis." Yet te them both Goal was propitious." 
Lodovicus rertomannus, that famous traveller, endured much misery, yet 
surely, saith Scaliger, he was vit deo charus, in that he did escape se many 
dangers, « God epecially protected him, he was dear unto him :" £odo in 
e«te, riSu[«ine, conm//e dv/ora/o/.,, &c. "Thou ar new in the vale 
vf misery, in poverty, in agony, "in temptation; test, eternity, haœepiness, im- 
morality, shall be thy reward," as Chrysostom pleads, "If thou trust in God, 
and keep thine innocency." zVon, si m 7tune e olim, sic eri sem2er; a good 
hem- may corne upon a sudden  expect a little. 

• Hem. 9. Vo|u|t m'hem tyrannus evcrtere, et Deus non prohlbnit; reluit captives dncere, uon imped|vlt; 
voiuit lJgaxe, conceit &c. t Psal. Cxiii. De terra Inopem, de stercore erigit pauperem, m Micah, 
vil 8. • Preme, preme ego cure Final&re, .'.fldvr'rtcvoç tltt r çbeJ.oç bw' ,ipa, immerslbilis sure sieur 
suber super marie septum. Lipsius. . HIc rire, hic sec.a, ut in oeternum parcas, Austin. DUs fruitur 
Irntia, supernt et cresclt mnlie. Mutium Ignls, Fnbricium pauperts, Regulnm tormenta, Socratem venenum 
superare non potuit, p Hot. epiet. 16. bb. 1.  Hem. . Auferet pecunlas t st hnbe in coelis : patri& 
dcjiciet, at m coelestem ctvitatem mlttet : vincu]n injicietl ai hnbet solntam consciennnm : corpua Inter- 
c!et, at te.r. m res.urger; Cure umbrnpngnnt qui Cure juste pngnat, • Leonide& • lodo In premura 
tentntmmeus» ent lostea bonum tuum requies» eteraite lmmorta]ita, cDabit Deu his quoque flnem. 



3[em. 3. Remedies ag«inst Discontents.  401 

Yea, but this expectation i if which tortures me in the mean rime; 
If«tur« vîpc«ns ti a» wt the  gvows the hoe starves: 
• des no, but hope well, 
"$poe Baç fibi mell 1 ta dut: 
Dura sp sper" 
Choer up, I y,  no dmyed  p ai aUro i « e that sows 
tea, s rcap in joy," Ps cxxvL 5. 
"S! fouue me toeute, 
per me content  
ope recsheth, as mach  me depresoeth ; ŒE beniugs hve mny 
rimes prosro events, aud that may ppeu at 1 which neve ws yet. 
«  dese accompIisheoE delights the so," Prov. xi 19. 
« z Grata pervet q non rabt h0ra:   « Which mak m" enjoy my oysiong wlsh'd at 
Wcome that ho hl oeme wh hopc  pt :" 
a lowerlng moing may tu to a tafteoon," e sot p candid ire 
di. "The bope that  defeed,  the finting of thc heart, but when 
dese cometb, if  a troe of fe," rov. xL 12, asimum t votl compas 
i. any mon are bath ehed and ele a t, but aïterwar 
toast happy ; and oftentimcs if sa flls out,  «Iacvel relates of Cosmo 
doE edici, that fortuna d renard citizen ofEop ' that all  youth 
w full of rplexity, danger, and e, t foy y wcre pt, and then 
al)On a sudden the sun of his honour broke out  through a cloud." 
ies ws fetched out of prison, and enry the Thd of Portugal out of 
poer motery, to be croed 
«MuRs unt ter Hcem suprue br" [ "Mau tg$ happen bccen the p and e lip." 
beyon  ho nd expccttiou msny thigs f out, u who knows 
y happen  ff um omiu dm S erwt,  Philippus id, 
ail te suns ar¢ no yeg seg, a day may corne to mke amends for 1. 
"Tough my ç«her and mohoE forsake me, yeg the Lord xv ggher me 
Psal. xxvii. 10. «Waig pafienly on the rd, and pe in him," PI. 
xvii. 7. " strong, hope and   the Lord, and he w comfot 
ghee, and give thee gne h's des]' saL xxfii. 1. 
«« Sperato et va,et reb seate sudls I  Hop and ree ourselt for pe." 
Fret hot thyoelç cse thou t poor, conmned, or hot  well for the 
t  thon wodest , hot respected as thou oughtest to , by birth, 
wocth ; or that whic   double eorroeive, thou ht en happy, honorable, 
anl rich, art ow dtressed d poor,  sco of men, • burden fo the wodd, 
irme  thyse and othe, thou hç lost  : [¢rum 
and  Bthius cl it, »Jmum g«n i»ortnii; this mde Timou 
ha m with melcholy, to think of  fomer fores and present mfor- 
tun : this one mkea mauy rable wretches oennt. I confs it 
a gt mise to bave been happy, the quintesoenoe of fccity, to bave 
honouble and rich, but yeç ily to be endd; oecarity sccds, and to 
a judicious ma a far bter estat¢. The loss of thy goo and money is no 
loss ; ""thou ht lost them, they woul otherwse ve lost thoe."  thy 
money be gone, "«thou a sa mach the hghr, ad as Saint Hierome 
pvdes usticus the mo to foe oe and follow Christ : « Gold and 
silver e too hea metals for him to car tha soeks heavem" 
«« z Val nos ia mare proximnm,  Smmi mstsm mail 
Gemm et lapid aum et inuti] Mittu acelo'm  beae poenitet." 

u Senec. • Igem0 desperet meliora ]apst. • Theocritus. "Hope on, Battus, to-morrow ma¥ bring 
better luek; while there's lire there's hope." ,Ovid. IOvid. bThales. ®Lib. 7. Flor. hist. 
Omnium feliciasimus, et locaplegissimua &c«dlucarceratu spe adoleaceatiam periculo mortis habuit, soli- 
e.ittldiv, is et dlacrimiais p|euam &c. Lœetior saccessit securitas qaoe aimul cure divitiis cohabitare 
ne$cit. Camden. * Pecuniam perdidlsti, fortaaak Kla te perderet manens. Senec. t Expeditior 
e ab pecnniarum acturam. Fortana opes auferre, non aaimum potest. Seneca. • Hor. 
out ewelz ad g¢ and usclca gold the cause of 



40 o. Cur of Mdanc/wbj. [Part. . Hco $o 

Zeno the philosopher lest all his goods by shipwreck,  ha might like of it, for- 
tune had done him a good turn : ORes à m aniraula auferr8 no» ]ootes$ : sho 
can take away my means, but net my mind. te set ber af defianoe ever 
after, for she could net rob him that had nought te lose ; for ha was able te 
contemu more than they could possess or desire. Alexander sent a hundred 
talents of gold te Phocion of Athens for a present, becanse he heard he was a 
good man: but Phocion returned his talents back again with aTerniit me in 
osrura. vlrura bonura esse te be a good man still; let me be as I ara: Non 
m| aurumposca, nec nîiorec/unlTlat Theban Orates flung of his own 
accord his money into the sea, abie, uram, ego vos mergara 
vobis, I had rather drown you, than you shozdd d[-own me. Can stoics and 
epicures thus contemn wealth, and shall net we that are Christians  It was 
nascu[a vox et preec[ara, a generous speech of Cotta in  Sal[ust, "Many mise- 
ries bave happened unto me at home, and in the wars abroad, of which by the 
help of God seine I have enduxd, seine I bave repelled, and by mine own 
valeur overcome : com'age was navet wanting te my designs, ner industry te 
my inte,ts : prosperity ner adversity could navet alter my disposition." " 
wise man's mind," as Seneca holds, "I is like the state of the world above the 
moon, ever serene." Corne then what can corne, befall what may befall, 
tura invictumue "anlraum oTpones : Rebus angustls animosus 
appare. (Ho.e. Od. 11. lib. 2.) Hope and patience are two sovereign reme- 
dies for all, the sumst reposais, the softest cushions te lean on in adversity : 
 a Durum sed levius fit patlenti 
Quicquid corrigera et nefas. » I « What can't be cared must be endure&" 
]f if oennot be he]ped, or amended, °make the best of it 
accommodat, sapit, ha is wise that suits limself to the time. As ai a gaine 
tables, so do by all stteh nevitable ccidents. 
« q Ira vita et hominum, quas cure ludas teserts 
Si iliud quod est maxime opus jactu non cadit 
Illud quod eecidit fortè, id arte ut corriga ;" 
If thon canst hOt fling what thou wouldst, play thy cast as well as thon canst. 
Everything, saith  Epictetus, bath two handles, the oue to be held by, the other 
hot : 'tis in our choice to take and leave whether we will (all which Simpli- 
cius's commentator bath i]lustrated by many examples), and 't/s in our 
power, as they say, to make or mar ourselves. Conform thyself then to thy 
1,resent fortune, and cut thy coat according fo thy cloth, ° U'$quimus (quod 
«iunt) çuando çuod vlumus non liceS, "Be contented with thy loss, state, and 
callig, whatsoever itis, and rest as well satisfied with tly present condition 
in this lire." 
u Feto quod e; quod sunt ali|, sine quemlibet ease; 
Quod non e, nolis; quod pote ease, relis." [ «Be as thon art and as they are, so le 
Others be atill; what le $.nd may be Covet." 
And as ha that is *invited fo a feast eats what is set before him, and looks for 
ao otber, enjoy that thu hast, and ask no more ofGod than wbat ha thnks fit 
fo bestow upon thee. on cuivis contingit adir« Corinthu, we may not be all 
geutlemen, all Catos, or Loelii, as Tu]ly telleth us, ail honoumble, illustrious, 
and serene, all rieh; but because mortal man want many things, " therefore," 
saith Theodoret, "bath God diversely distributed his gifts, wealth to che, skill 
to another, that rich man might encourage and set poor man at work, poor man 
t Jubet me postha© fortuna exl;edit|us Plilo.'oplarl. !" ! do not des|re riches, nor that a prlee ahou| 
be set upon me." s In frag. Quirites, rouira rihi lerictÙa domi, militioe mu]ta sdverss fuere, quorum 
alia toIeravi, alia deorum auxilio repuli et vlrtute mea; nunquam animus negotio defult, nec deCretis labor.- 
nuiloe res nec properoe nec adversse ingeuium mutabant.  Qualis mundi atatus su fa lunam sera e 
serenus. Bona meus =nllum trlstieris fortunoe recipit Ineurum, Val. tib. 4. e.. I. Qulll potest sperïrë 
desperet nihtl, • Hot.  2F-luam memeuto rebus in arduis servare mentem, lib. 2. Od. & P Eplct. 
. 18. Ter. Adelph. act. 4. ac. "/. • Unaquoeque res duaa habet &nsas, a]term quoe tenerl, alterstm qum 
ou lot.est ; in mauu nostra qum 'oluml accipere, • Ter. And. Act. 4. e. 6.  Epictet. lnvitatul 
d conv.lum, que appOnuntur comedis, non qtuerisultra; in mundomultarogltesquoedll n 
de provlaeut a. Mortales cure int mn ......... ega . p. 
........ . ...... rer . omnmm tndgt, s.deo deus ah. dv3tasa, suis paupertatem dlstribui* 
ai t, vaoU potten msterm $ubmintstreut; qui veto mope exerctstas m'tibtts 



Mem. 3.] Remedie against Discontents. 403- 

might learn several trades te thecommon good. As a piece of arras is com- 
posed of several parcels, seine wrought of silk, seine of gold, silver, crewel of 
diverse colours, all te serve for the exoneration of the whole : music is ruade 
of diverse discords and keys, a total sure of mx " small numbers, se is a corne 
monwealth of several unequal trades and call£ngs. If all should be Croesi 
and Darii, all idle, all in fortunes equal, who should till the land] As 
nius Agrippawell satisfied the tumultuousrout of Reine, in his elegant apologue 
of the belly and the test of the members. rho should build houses, make 
our several stoEs for raiments? We should all be starved for company, as 
Poverty declared ai large in Aristophanes' Plutus, and sue st last te ho as 
we were ai first. And tberefore God bath appointed this inequality of state3, 
orders, and degrees, a subordination, as in all other things. The earth yiehls 
nourishment te vegetables, sensible creatures feed on vegetables, both are 
substitutes te reasonable seuls, aud mon are subject avaongst tbemsdves, and 
all te higher powers, se God would bave it. Ail things thon being gbtly 
examined and dLily considered as they ought, there is no such cause of se 
general discontent,'tis net in the marrer itself, but in out mind, as we moderate 
out passions and esteem of things. NiAdg allucl nexessarium ut ss miser (saith 
"Cardan), çuam u Ce m(serum credas, let thy fortune be what it will, 'tis thy 
xaind alone that makes thee lor or rich, miserable or happy, tdi ego (saith 
divine Seneca),in villâ hilari et amnâ moestos, et nedid solitudine occupatos ; 
locus sed animusfacft ad tranquillitatem. I bave seen men miserably dejected 
in a pleasant village, aud seine again well occupied and ai good case in a 
solitm T desert. 'Tis the mind net the place that causeth tranquillity, and 
tlmt gives true content. I will yet add a word or two for a corollary, hlany 
rich mon, I date boldly say it, that lle on down beds, with delicacles pampered 
every day in their well-furnished houses, lire af less heart's ease, with more 
angtùh, more bodily pain, and through their intemperance, more bitter hours, 
than many a plsoner or galley-slave; " [oecenas in plumâ eequè vfilat ac Reçu- 
lus in dollo: those poor starved Hollanders, whom Bartison their captain 
lcft in Nova Zembla, arme 1596, or those "eight miserable Englishmen that 
were lately left behind, te wintcr in a store itt Greenland, in 77 deg. of lat. 
1630, se pitifully forsaken, and forced te shift for themselves in a vast, dark, 
and desert place, te stve and struggle with hunger, cold, desperation, and 
death itsel£ 'Tis a patient and quiet mind (I say it again and again), gives 
truc peace and content. 8o for all other things» they are» as old aChremez 
told us» as we use them. 
"Prentes, pa[riam, amleos, genus, eognatos, divifla.% 
Dœec pernde suflt ac ilJius animus qui ea possidet; 
Qui 9ti sc]t e1 bon; qui utitur non recte mala. "° 
« Prents, friends, fortaes, country, birth» alliRncc, &c., ebb and flow with 
out conceit; plee or Lpleae, as we accept nd coustrue them, or pply them 
fo ourelves." _Fcer çqefo'toE .soE, and in some sor I m)" tru]y say, 
prospcrity" snd advcrsity are in our own hands. Temo zdtur 
and which Seneca confirras out of his judgmcnt and experience. "Every 
man's mind is stronger than £x'ttme, and leads him te what iile ho will; a 
cause te himself each one is of his good or bad llfe." But will we, or nill we, 
make the worst of it, and suppose a man in the greatest extremity, 'ris a for- 
tune whiah seine indefinitely prefer before prosperity; oftwo extremes it is the 
best. Luxuriant auid 'ebus lzlerunu]u sexu.dls, mon in tprosperity forger 

• Si sin omnes eqnaes necesse est u omnes faine pereant; quis ao tam sulcare qu sement 
ere quis plt serere qs v expmeret  r Liv. D. 1. • Lib. 3. de ns. s Senec 
Vide Iscum Fontanum dpt. Amaterd. lib. 2. e. . • Vide Ed. Pclham's o edit. 10, 
Hutonflm. Act. L c. 2. « Epist. 98. Om fortuus vtior ipse a in uWamque psr  
«u duci b¢qu  Œeeoe  sibi a  ¢Fora quem nimium fove stum it. Pub. 



40t Cura of Melanchol$t. [Part. 

God and themselves, they are betted wlth their wealth, as birflsowlth hcn- 
bane: Smiserable ff fortune forsalre them,.but more miserable if she ta]Ty 
and overwhelm them : for when they corne te be in great place, rich, they that 
were most emperate, sober, and discreet in their private forttmes, as Tero, 
Orbe, Sritellius, Heliogabalus (ojatim imperatores ni.sl imperâssent) degenemto 
on a sudden into brute beasts, se prodigious in lust, such tyrannical opprossors, 
&c., they canner moderate themlves, they beeome monsters, odious, harpies, 
wha no  Cre triumphos, opes, ]wnores adepti aunt, ad voluptatem et otimr, 
deineps e eonvertun: 'twaz Cato's note, " they canner eontain." For thag 
cause belike.. 
x Entvapelus eulcnnque nocere volebat, ] `« Entrapelu vhen he vonid hurt a knave, 
Vesg'imeuta dabat pretios; beatus enim Jam» I Gave him gay clothes and wealth te make him brave: 
Cm pulchrts tunicls snmet nova eonsilis et spes» I Because new rich he vould quite change hi miud, 
Dorm|eL in lnoem scorto, poaoneL hon¢stum I Keep whore tly out, set honesty beàmtl." 
Otltciam." [ 
On the other side, in adversity rnny mutter and repine, despair, &a, both 
bad, I oeafes. 
. k nf calcens o|lm 
8i pede major erit, subvertet: a! miner, uret." 
"As a shoe too big or too little, one pincheth, the other sers he foog awry," 
»ed  malis minimum. If adversity bath killed his thousand, prosperity bath 
killed his ten thousand : thereîore adversity is te be preferred; x heev .froeno 
indge, illa solatio: ill« .f«llit, I«eŒE instruit : the one deceives, the otb.er 
iastructs; the one miserably happy, the other happily miserable; and there- 
fore many philosophers bave vohmtarily sought adversity, and se much cern- 
mend it in gheir precepts. Demetrius, in Seneca, eseemed i a greaç inîlieiy, 
tha in his liîetime he had no mifortune, m/serum cu nih//ru/uam acc/d/sse 
eders. Adversity then is net se heavily te be taken, and we ought no in 
such cases se mach te macerate ourselves: there i. no such odds in poverty 
and fiches. Te conclude lu -Hierom's words, "I will ask ouï .magnificos 
ha btfild with marble, and bestow a whole tonner or a thread, what dff- 
îeronoe between them and Paul çhe Eromite, th baro old man  They ch-ink 
in jewels, he in his hand: he is poor and goes te heaven, they are rich and 
.g.o o hell." 

IEMB. IT. 
A gaSs$ Servude, Loss of Lerty, lmTronmenf , Banshmen. 
.IWUDE, lo OE rty, imprent, are no such miseries  they ar 
held  be: we are sv and servts the best of  a:  w de reverenoe 
or mm, se de o mtem their suriors: gentlemen oerve noble, and 
nobl surd  n, om s no grae egnum, proes them- 
uelves are God's servants, «eg in psos impeum t J. They are subjec¢ 
 their o laws, and as the kin of Cha endure more tn 
prisonment» te mainta their state and eatn, they never corne abroad. 
lender w a slave te fr, Coeur of pride, Vespian te s money 
im oEer verum  s an num), Hefiogabal te hh gut, and se 
 the test. vers are slaves te their mtres, rich men te the gold, 
vourtiem generM]y te lg and ambition, and a slaves te our affections, 
Evangelus well diuth  "hIacrobim, and Senec e popher, 
m stutem lm  m he calls if, a continu shve, 
 beso oepgivated by vioes; and who  free y then dosg thou repine 
s Sen de bt. t. oep. t. moei  deser ah  mlHo  obrt. 
 a Hot. ept. b. I. ep. 18. k Hot.  Boet 2.  Ept. b. 3. L P. Eit. Libe¢ 
s ne tega q dom mob vtiç q o o lam pont preci huic ni mode 
qd qm defu[t vos gem bibib e con mIb noe fit; 
piç voe armes gna splet.  «' If maoEe llttle whether we are lved by men or 



Mem. 4.] Remedies aanst sconlel.  05 

oçatis est potens, Y[ierom sit.h, 9ni servlre rwn coitur. Thon carrlesg no bu 
dens, ghou a no prisoner, no drudge, and thouds wang ghag libey, gho 
pleures whieh ghou hg. Thon a nog sick, and whag wouldsg ghou have 
Bug itimur in vetitum, we mgaH eag of ghe forbidden fr. $Vere we enjoined 
go go go such 8nd such places, we would nog willingly go: bug being barred of 
out bergy, ghh alone gormengs our wandering so ghag we may og go. 
cifizen of ours, saigh «ardgn, w sixgy years of age, and had never bn forflt 
of the walls of the cityofMilan; theprinoe hea6ng ofit, commanded him hot fo 
stir out : ing now forbidden that whîch ail his le he had neglt, he ear- 
estly desired, and being denied, dore coeoE m obiit, he died for grief. 
What I bave id of servitude, I ag;fia my of imprisonment, we are 
prone. "What  our Hfe but a pron We Rre Ml improned i a 
island. The world itseff to some meu is a prin, o narrow as  so many 
dihes, d wheu they hve compd the globe of the cash, they would 
go  what  donc in the mn: in "Mulot, nd many other northe par, 
ail over Scandi they are imprned hall the yr in store, they date hot 
pcep out for cold. At *Aden in Arabia, they are pned  ail duy long with 
that other extreme of ht, and kp the markets  the ght. What  
ship but a prson And so mauy cities are but m  muny hives of be, ant- 
hills; but tht wch thou abhorrest, many sk: women keep in all r, 
and most pa of suer, to preoerve their bcuti; me for love of study: 
Demosthenes shav  brd beoeuse he wod eut off Ml ocrions om 
gog abro: how many mon and friars, anchorites, abdon the worldl 
onach in ue, pisc in ado. 't in prin Make fight use of if, d 
morfify thyself; "Where may a man conmplate tter than  soHtar," 
or study more than in quietness$ 3Iany worthy men bave been improned 
ail their live and it bath been occasion of eat hono and glo to thom» 
much public good by their excellent meditation. "toleme king of 
cure vir attenuat ir tine boraret, miro dcendi stud 
t, &c., now being taken with a gfievous infirmity of by that he could hot sgir abroad, became Stragds hor, fcll hard to his boek, and gave himœelf 
whdly to contemplation, aml upon that ocion (as mine author adds),  
clrimum çioe ontioe nuntu &c., to his t onour bt tha 
renoed hbrary ag endfia, whein wcre 400,000 vdumea Seveus 
Boethius never wriç so elegantly  in prison, aul so devoutly, for most of 
h eptles we dict   bd: "Jooeph," ith rAmt, "got moto 
credit in priori, than when he distribud corn, d was lord of hamoh's 
bouse." It bgs many a lewd riotous fellow home, many wandering ro 
i settles, that wouhl othcrwise bave boen e raving tigers, ined theelv 
and othcrs. 
anhment is no icvanco ai ail, Omne solum fti patrla, &c., oe patr t 
ubuue be t, that's a maa's cotry where he is wdl ai ee. hfany 
travd for plisse to that city, th nec to which thou art bah, d 
• vt a pa of the citizens are stmnge boa in other places l " 
atria, 't the count that are bo in it, and they would think theel 
banished to go to the place wch thou least, and from which thou a so 
loth to depa. 'Tis no disparagement to be a stmnger» er  ome to ho 
an exile. ""The tain is a stnger to the ea fivers to the a, Jupiter in 
Ept, the s to  Ml. The so  an alien to the body, a nightgale  
the air, a swaBow  a bouse, and Ganymo  heaven, au elepht at 
q Conol. 1.8. t 0 generos qd t vita n rcer imi I • Herbtein. « Veomann nsg. 
l. 2. c. 4. Commercls In ndinis noc hor secundob imio qui vit intoe  eercen. « 
vertor contemplatio quam in lltuel nbi studium lidi qu  quletel ffi . b. ex. gen. 
dier. lib. 1. p. 2. • In s. OExvL non it udat Joseph cure m sbnere  qn 
habitaret. . Boelhi. aPosa in fie¢i. Pereni sunt Imbr  t  fluvil In m 
Jul,iter apud gypto ol spud orang; hop s  coor lusca  r% do  d0mo» Gy- 



406 Cure of Melancttgl#. [Part. 2. Sec. 

Rome, a Phoenix in India;" and slch thing. commonly please us best, "which 
are most strange and corne the farthest otï Those old ttebrews esteemed the 
whole world Crentiles; the Greeks held ail barbarians but themselves; out 
modern Italians account of us as dull Ttansalpines by way of reproach, they 
-zorn thee and thy country wbich thou so much admires. 'Tis a childish 
humour to hone after home, to be discontent at that which others seek; to 
l»refer, as base islanders and lqorwegiaus do, their own ragged island belote 
Italy or Greece, the gardens of the world. There is a base nation in the north, 
saith "Pliny, called Chauci, that live amongst rocks and sands by the soaside, 
foed on fish, drink water: and yet these base people account themselves slaves 
in respect, when they corne to Rome. Ira est profe, ctd (as he concludes), 
lrtuna parcit in poenara, so if is, fortune favours some to lire at home, to 
their further punishment: 'ris want of judgmentz Ail places are distant 
from heavea alike, the sun shines happily as warm in one city as in another, 
and to a wiso man there is no differeŒEce of climes; frieads are ewry where to 
him that behaves himself well, and a prophet is hot esteetaed in his owa 
country. Alcxander, Coeur, Trajan, Adrian, wer as so many land-leapers, 
now in the eat, now in the west, little st home, and Polus Venetus, Lod. 
Vertoma|mus, Pinzoaus, f.Jadamustus, Columbus, Americus Vespucius, Vascus 
Ç,ama, Drake, Candish, Oliver Anort, Schoutien, got all their honour by vo- 
luntary expeditious. But you say such men's travel is voluntary; we aro 
compelled, and as malefactors must depart: yet know thiz of bPlato to be 
truc, ultorl Deo sttrnrna cura pere#rlnus est, God hath an especial care of 
strangers, "and when he wants friends and allies, he shall deserve better and 
find more favour with God and men." Besides the pleasure of peregrination, 
variety o£ objects will make amends; and so many nobles. Tully, Aristides, 
Themistocles, Theset, Codtas, &c., as bave been bani,hed, will give sufficient 
credit unto it. ead Pet. 2klcionius his two boo'ks of thiz subjccb. 

]IEMB. r. 
zl gai»rst Sorrow for Death of 'rlends or otherwe, vain Fear, &v. 
DF_r and departure of friends are thlngs generally grievous, "Ornnt«m 
quoeirt humanâ vitâ contingunt, luct«s arque mors sunt acerbiss-ima, the mos 
austere and bitter accidents that can happen to a man in this lire, in oeternum 
valedicere, to part for ever, to forsake the world and ail out friends, 'ris ultirnurn 
terribiliura, the last and the greatest terror, most irksome and troublesome 
unto us, d//onO quoties moritur, toties amittit suos. And though we hope ior a 
better life, eternal happiness, after these painful and miserable days, yet we 
eannot compose ourselves willingly to die; the remembrance of it iz most 
grievous unto us, espec4ally to such who are fortunate and rich : they start st 
the naine of death, as a horse at a rotten post. Say what you can of that 
other world, "]Iontezuma that Indian prince» Bonur es ess £c, theyhad rather 
be here. :Nay, many generous sp[rits» and grave staid men otherwise, arc s 
tender in this» that at the loss of a dear friend they will cry out, roar, and 
tear their hair, lamenting some months after, howling " 0 Hone," as those 
Irish women and Greeks af their graves, commit many indecent actions» 
and almost go beside themselves, lIy dear father, my sweet husband, mine 
only brother's dead, to whom shall I make my moan 0 m nserum ! Qu/ 
dabi in lachrymas fonterrt, &e. Vhat shall I do? 
«- Sed totum hoc studium l.ctu fratl-a mihl mors "My )rother's death my study bath undone 
Abtu1r hei mLero frater adempte mih; ! " [ Y¢oe's me ala my brother he Is gonel" 
sL|b. I. cap. I. Nul|ara frugem habent, potus,xlmbre: Et h getesslv/ncantur, &e. Libo 5. de 
}cgbas. £'mqne rgurs carest et micls, majorera &pud deos et spnd homines miserieard/am meretur. 
J(ardan. de consl_ 1ib. 2. • Seneca. • BenxS. «Sammo mne nlnaturn oriuntr, pPtora 



cm. 5 ] Remf/s aya; 1)coe. 407 
-ezentius would hot rive after  n: 
« e vlvo, nec ae hom lucemque relqu 
Sed linq' 
d Pompefs wife cried out af the news of ber husband's dt 
  Tu¢ mo pt te o non e dolor 
iolt luctu et ncia 
 aTacitus of Agppina, hot able fo mera ber passion. So when sho 
heard ber son w slain, she abruptly broke off ber wor changed conoe 
and colon, re ber , and fell a roaring doright. 
«  bi m lor oa reHqul 
E£! auibu$ ral, revolutaque ea : 
Evolat infix et foem 
Another would needs n upon the swo's point afer Eualu depae, 
- Fite m Mqus t ptet  me oa tela 
Conjici, 5 
O let me die, some goed man or other make an end of me. How d Aches 
take on for Patclu depturel A black cloud of sorrows overshadowed 
him,ith Homen Jaoeb rent his clothes, put ckeloth about los, owed 
for  n a long seaoen, and cod hot be oemfoed, but wod nes go do 
in the ave un h son, Gen. xv 37. Iany yes er, the remem- 
brance of such friends, of such accidents,  most grievous  us, to sec or 
hear of if, though it conce hot ourlves but othem. Scaliger ith of him- 
sel that he never oead Socrates' death, in Plates Phoedon, but he wept: 
At shed tels when he read the destction of Ty. But howver 
passion of sorw be violent, bitter, d eth çamiliarly on se, vant, d- 
creet men, yet it may surely be withs, if may be verted. For what is 
there in this lire, that if should be so dear unto us or that we shod so much 
deplore the depaure of a fi-iend The eatest pleasoees are common ciety, 
to enjoy one anotheFs plenoe, feting, hawking, hunting, b, woeds, 
hills, music, dancing, &c., ail this is but vanity and loss of rime, as  bave suf- 
ficienfly decred. 
« «  dura bibim, dura e t [ « it we n prk ouelv th weh 
puetl ] dtty, 
Poim» obreptt non ts nec." Old age un's at awa doth sally." 
 alchymists spend that small mocum they bave to get gold, and never find 
if, we lose and neglect etcrnity for a little momen plsure which we cannot 
enjoy, nor shall ever attain fo in th e. We abhor deth, pain, and 
ail, yct we wi]l do nothg of that which should dioete us from, but rather 
voluntily thrut ourselves upon ia "The lcivio poefcrs h whore before 
his fe, or goed estate; an ang 7 n his revenge; a parasite  t ambi- 
tious, honours; oeve, wealth; a thief  boety; a soldier his spoil; we 
abhor dises, and yet we pl them un ua" We are never better or ïreer 
from oeres tban when we sloep, and yet, which we so much avoid and lainent, 
dth  but a peTetual sleep; and why should it,  PEpics ar, so 
much aright  When wear death  not: but when death i then we 
are not :" our lffe  tedio and troublome unto him that liv bt; " 
a mry to be born, a pain to lire, a tuble to die :" death mak an end of 
our mise, and yet we OEnnot consider of if; a little before Smtes 
his portioli of cicuta, he bid the eitizens of Athens cheerfly rewelL and con- 
• Vlrgfl. "I Itve now, nor as y reHnqulh ce and li but I hall rel thé. »  Luth. 
 Overcome by e and unable  de i che excime ' Not  be able  die throngh ow for 
we b'" k . Ann. 1 "e oeto suddey fled hoe che the s forok hoe 
the  rolv d wi dishell loc she broke away, wing  a wom." m Vg. . 
• ' Traneflx m O Rut  yo. ve y pieW; erce me with yo thod owe."  Conf. L 1. 
« Juva o ator eco vi proeponi d a çarlt g, amblfio honor 
ava op moe rspinam, fur prm; morbos od et ece. Cdç  Sen; 9uum nos 
um mo non «t; cure veto mo ç tutu nos non m »ear«. e. 3. eoE  
wkve p ta mor. r t0, Apol. Soa. Sed Jam hora t c abk &c. 



408 Cure «:fMcncli. [Part. 2. Sec. 3. 

fluded his speech with this short sentence; "]Iy time fs now corne to be gono. 
I to rny death, you fo lire on; but whieh of these fs best, God alone knows." For there fs no pleasure here but sorrow fs annexed to it, repentance ïollows it. 
« "If I ïeed liberal]y, I ana ]ike]y siek or surfcit: if I lire sparingly, my hunger 
and thirst fs hot allayed; I ara well neither fifll nor fasting; ff I lire honest, 
burn in lust ; if I take rny pleasure, I tire and starve myself, and do injury to 
nly body and soul." " Ofso snaall a quantity of mirth, how much sorrow ! after 
so little pleasure, how great miseryl" 'Tis both w.ys troublesonae to nae, t» 
rise and go to bd, to eat and provide my naeat; eares and contentions attend 
me ail day lon fears and suspicions all my lire. I ana discontented, and why 
should I desirc so mueh to live But a happy death will make an end of 
ont woes and miseries; omnibus uns meis certa medela nalis; why shouldç 
hot thon then say with old Simeon, since thon art so well affected, "Lord, now 
let thy servant dcpart in peaee :" or with Paul, "I desire to be dissolved, and 
t6 be with Christ" ,eala nors çuoe ad beatan vilain adium aperi, 'ris 
blessed hour that leads us to a  blessed lire, and blessed are they that die in tho 
Lord. 13ut lire fs sweet, and death fs hot so terrible in itself as the conco- 
mitants of it, a loathsome disease, pain, horror, &c., and many rimes the 
malmer of it, to be hanged, to be broken on the wheel, to be burned alive. 
Servetus the heretic, that suffcred in Geneva, when he was brought to the 
stake, and saw the executioner corne with tire in his hand, lwmo viso igne 
horrendum exchtmavit, ut universum ]oI:ulum erterrefecerit, roared so loud, 
that he terrified the people. An old stoic would have scorned this. If troubles 
ome to be unburied, or so: 
 « non te optlma mater I "Thy entle parent all hot bu tee, 
Cndet humi, patriove onerbit mcmbra œcpnlchro; I Amongst thine ancestors e.ntomb'd tobct 
Alitibus iinguerc feri$, et gurgite mersurn But ferai lowl thy carcas8 shali dcvoar, 
Unda fctct, IASccqtc imgati ruinera lambent." Or rowneà ¢orpse htmgry, flsh maws hall scout, w 
As Socrates told Crito, it concerns me not what fs donc with me when I ara 
dead; ]acilisjactura seulclri: I care hot sa long as I feel it not; let thena 
set naine head on the pike of Teneriffe, and my quarters in the four parts of 
the world,pascam licet it crue« corvos, let wolves or bears devour me 
 Coelo egitur çui on habet urnam, the canopy of heaven cavera hina 
that bath no tomb. Sa likewise for our friends, why should their departure 
sa mach trouble us They are better, as we hope, and for what then dost thon 
lainent, as those da whona Paul taxed in his rime, 1 Thes. iv. 13, "that have 
no hope" 'Tis fit there should be saine solemnity. 
« z Sed sepelire decet defunctum, pectore fortt, 
Con•tantes, tmumqte diem £etui indulgentes." 
ffob's friends said not a word to hina the first seven days, but let sorrow and 
discontent take their course, themselves sitting •ad and silent by him. When 
ffupiter himself wept for Saxpedon, what else did the poet insinuate, but tha 
ome sorrow is gond. 
ca Quia marrera, nlM menti• laops, In ftmere natl 
'lcrc retat I".----- 
who can blanae a tender mother if she weep for ber children? Beslde, as 
bllutarch holds, 'tis not in our power not to lament, Indolentla non cuivi$ 
contingit, it takes away mercy and pity, hot to be •ad; 'tis a natural passion to 
weep for out friends i an irreïistible passion to lanaent and grieve. « I know 

• Comedl ail satletstem, grattes me Offendlt; parcl edl, non est expletum des|derlum; venerea delicla 
$eqor, hie rnorbt, la&situdo, &c. t Bern. c. . med. De tantillt loetitia, quanta trititia; post tantam 
• ol nptate.rn qlnam fit•vis mierla ! u Est enim mors pioram relit tran•itus de iaboloe d refrigerillrn tl 
expectatlone ad proemium, de agone ad bravium, • Vaticanus vita eJu. I Lnc z 11.9. Homer. 
"It is proper that, having indulged in becoming grtef for onewho|e day, you should commit the dead fo th- 
$epulchre.'" a {9 ioE b Cnsol. 1 AIUl. on t lbeal: ut*ta'a ptum 0 do|ere rnir i. 
¢t-dhun abolct. & 



hOt how (salth Seneea) bu someçimes 'tls g«,od fo be miserable in misery : 
and for the mos par all grief evacuates itself by tears," 
« • est qnœedam flere vo]nptas, 
Expletu lchrymis egeriturque doler:" 
'yet after a day's mourning or two, comfort thyself/or thy ]eavlness," 
Ecclus. xxxviiL 17. %Vert dece$ defucum navo çuces$z prosequi; "twaz 
Germanicus' adce fold, that we should net dwell too long upon out passions, 
te be desperately sad, immoderate grievers, te let them tyranuise, there's indo- 
lenioe ars, a medium te be kept: we de net (saith °Austin) forbid men te grieve, 
but te grieve overmuch. "I forbid net a man te be angvy, but I ask for what 
cause he is so :Net te be sad, but why is ho sad? Mot te ïear, but where- 
/bre is he afraidY' I require a moderation as well as ajust reason. «The 
Romans and most civil commonwealths have set a time te such solemnities 
they must net mom-n after a set day', "or iî in a family a child be born, 
daughtcr or son married, seine state or boueur be contrred, a brother ho 
redeemed frein his bands, a frlend frein his enemies," or the llke, they must 
l,%ment no more. And 'ris fit it should be se; te what end is 11 their funeral 
pomp, complaints, and tears When Socrates was dying, his friends Apolloe 
doru and Crito, with seine others, were weeping by him, which he perceiving, 
a.ked them what they meant: "for that very cau he put all the women out 
of the room, upoa which words of his they" were bashed, and ceased trom their 
tears." Lodovicus Cortesius, a rich lawyer of Padua (as  Bernardinus Scar- 
deonius relates), commanded by his last will, and a great mulet if otherwise te 
l»is heb; tiret no funeral should be kept for him, no man should lainent : but 
as af  wedding, music and miastrels te be provided ; and instead of black 
motu-ners, hc took ordc,, "* that twelve rb'gins clzl in -cen should caaTy him 
te the chltrch." ]Iis will and testament was accordiugly performed, and ho 
buried in St. ,ophi's chx'eh, kTully was much gxieved Cor his daughter 
Tulliol's death af first, until such time that he had confirn,ed his miud with 
seine philosophical precept, "*then he bcgan t triumph over fo,une 
grief, a**d for her reception into heaven te be much more joyed than belote ho 
was troubled/or her loss." If a heathen man could se fortify himself fron, 
philosophy, wlt shall a Chïitian frein divinity  Why dos thou se mce- 
rate thyf? "Tis an inevitable chance, thc first .t:tute in «£agn« 
un evex-lasting Act of l'arliamcnt, ail must  die. 
** * Constat etern- posltumque lege est, 
Ut constct gcaitum nihil." 
If canner be revokcd, we are all mortal, and these all commandlng gods and 
princes "die like men :" °--bwolvi Izzmile pariler el celsum calou, WclUalue 
summis izfima. "O weak condition of human estate," Sylus exclims: 
Ladislaus, king of Bohemi, eighteen ycars of age.. i** the flower of his youth, 
se potent, rich, fortunate and happy, in the midst of ail his friends, amongst 
o many «physicians, new ready te be "maràed, in thirty-six hours ickeued 
and died. We must se be goao sooner or Inter all, and as Calliopeius in tho 
comedy took his leave of his spectators and anditors, Vos vale$e e plaudite, 
Calliopeius 'ecensui, must ",ve bid the world frewcll (Eoet Culliopeius), 
hving new played out paxs, for ever be gon Tombs and monuments 
eOv|d. 4. Trist. eTaeltns, lib. . L|b. 9. cap- 9. de elvltate DeL /'on quro cure 
lraseatur ed eur, non utrum it tristls ed ,mde, non utrum tlmeat sed quid riment. *l:tus verbe 
minuitur. Luetui diea indcebatur eum nberi vaseant*tr, eum fratcr nuit, smicus ab hosplte eaptiçus domum 
retient, puella dcsponset .ur. - • Oh. banc causera muliercs abiegaram ne ta.lia facereut; nos hsec 
erubuims et destitimm  lcarymts. * hib. l. clin. 8. de laris. Jurtscousulti$ Fataviula.  12. 
Innupte pueiloe amiete viribus panuL% &e. * LiU. de ¢onsoL s Froeeptis plailosophie conflrmatum 
adversus omnem fortunoe viro, e te consecratà in ccelumqte recepta, tant affectus ltitia aura a¢ voXuptate 
quant&m animo capere posSum, ac exu|tare plane mihi videor victorquc de omnl do|or¢ et fortuna trium- 
phare. -- Ut l]gnum uri natttn srista secari, sic homlnes mort.  Boeth. lib. . met. . • Boeth. 
w Nie. HenseL Brealagr. fol. 47. q Twenty thcn prenent, • To Madalen, the du/;hter of C]rles 
-evcvth of Franco. Obcm|t noctcsque diequc 



410 Cuve of Melacol. [Par. . Sec. . 

the like fate, d.d« sunt fpsls quoçuefata sepulc£rs, kingdoms, pronces, towns, 
and cities, have their pefis, and are consumed. In thooe flourishing times 
of Troy, Myoenoe wm the fairest city in Greece, Grœe cunctœe imat, 
but it, al and that «'Assyn ineveh are qui ovehro :" the like h 
bath that Egtn and Boeotian Theb, Delos, commu œeciœe c 
lum, the common councfi-hoe of Greeoe, rand Babylon, the greatest ci that 
ever the sun 8hone on, hath now nothing but walls and rubbi8h left. "Quid 
Pan res ni  At  Thus "Pa complained in h 
rimes. And where is Troy itself now, Pepos, Cahage, Cicum, Spa 
gos, d all those Grecian cities Syru and Agrigentum, the est 
{owns in Sidly, which d metimes 700,000 habitts, are now decayed : 
tho names of Hiero, Empedocl &a, of those mighty numbers of people, 
oMy left. One Anacmis is remembered amongt the Schians; tho world 
itoelf must have an end; and evew pa of i Cœeroe itur urb n - 
ta,  Per r Gillius concludes of Constantinople, c sane quamdiu unt 
i,futura mi]d vitur immortal; but 'ris not : nor site, nor strenh, 
nor sea, nor laud, can vindicate a city, but if and aH must vanish at t. d 
as to a traveller, great mountains oeem plahs açar o at lt are hot dceed 
at all; cities, men, monuments dey,tec sol pst a china 
,* the nam are only lefg, tho af length foottcn, and are hvolved in 
peetual nigh 
"œReturning out of Asia, when I sailed from gina towards Megra, I 
begn (saith Serons Stflpicius, h a conlato epistle of h to Tully)  view 
the cout T round about. gha was behind me, Megara befor Poeus on 
tho right hand, Corinth on the lefç, whoEt flourishing towns hefore, now 
l»rostrate and overwhelmed belote ne eyes, I bega to think with mysel 
al, why are we mon so much disquied with the depaure of a friend, whose 
lire  much shortet «when 8o may goodly cities lie buried before us 
Rcmember, 0 Servi, thon a a man ; and with that I was much confirmcd, 
and corrected myse." Coect then likewe, and comfo thyoe h this, 
thoEt we mmt nearily die, and all die, tt we shMl fioe agn: as Tully 
held; Jucundue mtd congrsus nos futur, qm iuav  erbus 
dr, our cond meetg s be much more plent than our derturo 
was grievous. 
Ay, but he w my most dear and long fend, my sole frien 
« QulSTam idide°pitit pudor .'sut mod ]  ho  ble my woe  
ou mayest be mmed, I say with ne to confe it, « in such a Ctem- 
pg m t to have but one anchor,"go seek another: and for his pa thon 
dost m great injury  dese h longer lffe. " ""Wt thon have him crazed 
d sicy stfil," like a tir traveller that com wea to h inn, begin his 
journeyafr, "or  be foeed from hh mefi: thon ht more need rejoico 
that he  gone." Another complains of a mt sweet wife, a young wffe, Non- 
dura sturatflvum Pro8erpi cri, su a wffe m no moal man ever 
had, so goed a OEe, but she is now dead and gone, ç j cg 
srcopgo. I reply  him in neca's word ff such a woman at lmt ever 
 to be had, "«e did either so find or make her ; if he fouad her, he 
may m happily find another; if he ruade ber," as OEtobul in Xenophon d 
by s, he may m g cheap hform other,   taa suitur, qm bona 

• Asyrlorum reg]o funditus de]et&, t Omulum quot unquarn Sol aspexit urbium msxlms, aOvid. 
'What of ancieut Atheue but the naine remains " ffi Arcd. ilb. 8.  Przefat. Topogr. Constantinop. 
• "Nor tan its own structure preserve the eolld globe." • Epist. Tu]l. lib. 3. • Quum rot oppidorum 
¢adavera ante oclos projecta lacent, b Hor. lib. 1. Od. 24. • De remed, fortuit, d Exubeece 
tants tempestate qnod ad unam snchoram stabas, • VL egrum, et morbidum, sitibuudum--gude 
pottva quod his malis liberatus sit. fUxorem bonam aut invenisti, aut ec fe¢isti; al invener ali,tm 
Iabere te poee ex hoc intelligamu : si feceris» bene cres» aalv'us est attifez. 



Mena. 5 ] tleme]its agaist Discontents. 411 
ma fuit; "he need hot despair, so long  the saine mr  to  had." 
But w shegood Had she en  tried pemdvente  tt Ephesian widow 
 Petroni, by me swaggerg soler, she might net ve held out. Many 
a man wod bave been willingly rid of his : before thon wt bound, new thon 
a fe; "ffiand 'ris but a folly te love thy retors though they be of gold." 
Corne into a thi pce, you shH bave an aged ther sighing for a son, a 
pretty child; 
«  Impube pectus qle vol mpla ]  « He new 1 leep, 
Mollet Thra lecra." Wod make au lmpious Thrian weep.  
Or one fine ughr that died young. Ndam experta i gazdia prlm 
. Or a forlo son for his deoeased father. But why Pr it, por 
travit, he came first, and he must go first.  Tu 'ustra us 
wouldst thon bave the laws of nature altered, and m to lire always Julius 
Coesar, ugustus, Alcibiades, len, kVmtotle, lost their fathers young. 
why on e other side shouldst thon  heavfly take the death of thy ttle n 
«' um ula nec fato, met nec moe eri 
Sed er nte diem" 
he died before his rime, perhaps, net yet corne te the ]stioe of h age, yet 
w hc net moal  Hear that dine Epict, « If thon covct thy wife, 
friends, chdren sh»uld lire always, thon a a fool." He w a e chihl 
indd, dinus Apogin [achTm , a sweet, a loving, a fr, a witty cld, of 
eat ho, another Eteone, whom Pindarus thepoet and Az%tid the rheri- 
clan se much lament; but who can tel l wheth er he would bave been an honest man 
He might bave proved a thief, a roe, a spendthrift, a disobedient n, vexed 
and gaed thee more than aH the world sde he might have wrgled with 
thee and disaeed, or with his brothers,  Eocles and P,,lyces, and broke 
thy hea; he is new gone te etety, as anothcr Gymede,  the flower of 
his youth, " if he h rien," saith Plurch, "ri'oto the midst of a fct," 
bcfore he was drunk, "the longer he had lived, the woroe he would ve bn, 
e quo t« [o9 (Ambrose rhinO), cu[p« roaior, more sine, more te 
answer he would have had. Ifhe w naught, thon mayest be glad he is gone 
if good, be glad thon haut ch a sou. Or art thon sure he 
may be he was an hypoc»  many are, and howver he spake thee fir, 
pcrsdventure he prved, amongst the test that Icam Ienipp hcd at Jup 
tels wperivg-plaoe  Luci, for his fathefs death, be he new kept 
him short, he was te inherit much goo, and my fait manors afr s d 
ce. Or put ce he w very good, suppose the be, may net thy dd son 
expostulate with thee, as he did in the me oLuci, "why dost thcu lent 
my dth, or call me mblc tt ara much morc happy th thel what 
misfortune is çllen me  Is it becac I ara net  bald, crooked, old, 
rotten, as thou art  What bave I 1o» me of your good chcer, gay clothes» 
music, singing dancg, ssing, mem'y-meefings, t«[«ml [u5ts, &c., is 
that it  Is it net much tter net te hger at ail th te eat: net te tmt 
than  drink te t tst: net te be cold than te put on cloth te drive 
away cold You had more need jolce that I ara d frein dise, gues, 
care anxieti, livor, love, covetousness, hatd, en, alic% that I fear no 
more thieves, tyrts, enemies, as you de." ]d rem 
cur«re sepuo I « De they conce us at all» thk you, when wc are onoe 

wStult! et compedes licet aureas amare, b Hot. I Hot. lib. 1.0d. 74. tVg. & . 
1 Cap. 19. Si id tud ut or, ami¢i, [iberl peeo vivan lt . - Deu ques it Juvenca 
rapi Menan. aConol.  Apot Apollonius fius mss  flore dece ne nos  oeteitem 
dis, nquam è convivio abien pusquam in error¢m aliquem  temulenta incdere qu in longA 
aen £idere lent. • T. i. Tzact. de luctu. Quid m mortu miserum vo q te  mto 
flicior  aut quid aoerbl mg pu contigi t  quia o  m ene ut tu facJe s cu 
&c. O dcmen qd tibl dt  vita boni  nim at coen &c. nge mellnon urequam 
¢dere; non itir &c. Gaude otiu quod morbo$ et febr effug» augoroE anim &c. at q 
prodt» qd chry &a. p Virg 



412 C'ure o.fMelancot.¢. [Part. 2. Sec. 3. 

dea,1]" Condole hot others thon overmuch, «wi-h hOt or fear thy death." 
%çummura zec optes diem  netuaa ; 'tis to no purpose. 
«Exeessl è t mrumnls faelique luben$que [ I left this lrksome lire vrlth s]l mlno hearf, 
Me pejora ips morte dehine videam," Lest worte than death should happen to my part." 
"CardinalBrunduslnus caused thls epitaph inRome fo be inscribed on his tomb, 
t show hls willingaess to die, and ta those that were so loth to dcpart. 
Veep and howl no more thon, 'ris to small purpose ; and as Tul]y adviseth us 
in the like case, Aro quos ami.imus, sed quantum lu9ere par sit co91temu* : 
think what we do, not whom we bave lost. So David did, 2 Sain. xxii., 
"While the child was yet alivc, I fa.sted and wept; but being now dcad, why 
hould I fast  Can I bring him again  I shall go to him, but ho cannot 
return to me." Ho that doth otherwise ls an intemporate, a weak, a silly, and 
indiscreet man. Though ArLttle deny any part of intempemnce to be con- 
versant about sorrow, I ara of °Seneca's mind, "ho that is wise ls temporate, 
and ho that is temperate is constant, free from passion, and ho that is such a 
one, is without sorrow," as ail wise mon should be. The 'Thracians wept 
still when a child was born, feasted and ruade mirth when any man was buried : 
and so should we rather be glad for such as die well, that they are so happily 
freed from the miseries of thi lire. 3Vhen Eteoneus, that noble young Greek, 
was so generally lamented by hls friends, Pindaxus the poet feigas some god 
saying, ,b'ilete, lwmines, on enim miser est, &c., be quiet good folks, this young 
man is not so miserable as you think; ho is neither gone to Sty-x nor Acheron, 
sed 91oriosus et senii expers lwros, ho lives for over in thc E]ysian fields. Ho 
now enjoys that happiness which your great ldngs so earnestly seek, and wears 
hat garland for which ye contend. If our present weakness is such, we cannot 
moderate out passion in this bebalf, we mnst divert them by all means, by 
ding something else, thinking of another subject. The Italians most part 
sloop away care and grief, if it unseasonably seize upon them, Danes, Dutch- 
mon, Polandem and Bohemians drink it down, our countrymen go to plays: 
do something or other, let it hot transposc thee, or by "'premeditation make 
such accidents çamiliar," as U]ysses that wept for his dog, but hot for his wife, 
çm6d laaratus esset aTimo obfirmato, (Plut. de anim. tranq.) «accustom thysclf, 
and harden beforehand by eeing other men's calamities, and applying them 
to thy present estate;" 'roevisu est levlu quod fui ane malus. I wi]l 
conclude with Epictetus, "Lf thou lovest a pot, l'emember 'ris but a pot thou 
lovest, and thou wilt not be troubled when 'tis broken: if thou lovest a son or 
vife, remember they were morta], and thou wilt not be so impatient." And 
for fasse fears and all other fortuitous inconveniences, mischance% calamities, 
to resist and prepare ourselves, not to faint is best: .çtu[tum es[ timere 9uod 
vita no otst, 'tis b folly to feax that whlch cannot be avoided, or tobe 
discouraged at ail 
..N'am qulsqnl$ trepidu$ pavot vol optat 
Abjecit clypeum locoque motu$ 
/qectit qu valeat tral catenam. 
'-For ho that so faints or fears, and yields fo his passion, flings away hls own 
wcapons, makes a cord to bind himself, and pulls a beam.upon his own heaoE  

Against Envy, Livor, Emula2ion ltatred, Adoltlon, 8df-love, and all other 
Affeio. 
o,n's those other "passions and affeoEions, there is no beter remeAy than 
s mariners when hey go o sea, provide all things neeemary o resis a tem- 
 Hot" • ChytTeus fleliciis Europoe. • Epit. 85. o Sarflus de mot. gon. • Prme- 
tIitttione facem reddere quemque casum, l'iutarchus cousolatione ad Apollonium. Assuefae, ere non ¢stbtm 
devemus. Tull. lib. 3. Tuulan. quzt, • Cap. 8. Si ollam diliga*, nemento te olLtm diliger non 
portt, rbaberis e ¢onfractà; si filinm ut o,xorem, memento hominem k te diligi, &c. »Senec 
• Boëth. tib. . pros. . • Qui viam ferre on lotest, frre c.ontemgtum cogitur. 



çest: fo firh ouelves th hoaophic1 and Die preeepts, 
empl bpericulum e ali fere, si quod  usu siet: To balance out 
heas th love, chaty, meekn, patience, and counterpoise those iear 
motions of envy, livor, spleeg hatd, with their opposite viu,  we bend 
a crooked staff anoth way, to oppose "sufferance to la, tience to 
reprch," bountytooevetousness, fortitude to ptillamity, mees to anger, 
humility to pride, to emhe ourlv for what use we a so much dis- 
qeted, on what ound, what ooeion is it j or feigred I And then cithet" 
to p oe]v by ron, to dive by some other object, contra passion, 
or premeditation. [editari oec«m otet quo pacto adversam œerum 
rat, er[cla, damna, exilia rè redns semp co9itet , aut filii peccatum, 
aut ur mortem, aut morbu flliœe, communia esse œec: ri posse, ut ne 
quçd «nfmo sit novum. To make them çŒEmilioe, even a kind of cities, 
that when they hapn they may be less troubleme unto . In secnd 
ditare, quo cofirs «dvs«: or out of mature judgment fo avoid the 
effect, or dhaul the cae,  they do that m troubled with toothh% 
pull them quite out. 
"" Ut vat ctor, sibi restes amputat Ipse   « The beav bltes os stones fo save the rt : 
Tu quoqu¢ siq noccngabji tut cris." Do thou Ihe e wi that thou art opprt." 
Or  they that play at ters, exercise themselves by a fes cudgels how to 
avoid an enemy's bloc: let us arm ourlves ahst MI such violent hcur- 
sions, wch may vade out minds. A little experienco and practico wi 
inu  to it; vetu vules,  the pverb saith, o l«ud copieur, an 
old ibx  hot  ily taken in a sna; an old ldier a the world meth 
shod hot be dquieted, but rey fo reive all foun, encounrs, ana 
ith that resolute capta, corne hat may corne, to make awer, 
« ¢ non lla laboure ] u No labo com ai aware$ 
O virgo nova ml racles inopinaque surgit ] Fer I bave long b¢for¢ t wh may 
Omia g¢rc¢pi arque ao mec ant¢ pere.  
  non hoc pfimum mea pectora 
Sensegaora t. 
The commonwlth of Venice  «heir armoury bave this ption, «appy 
 that city which,  rime of ce, tks of war," a fit motto for eve man's 
pri hoe; happy is the man that provid for a futée t. ut many 
timcs we oemplain, repinc, and mutterthout a cause, wc ve way pions 
wemay rest,d w hot. Socles w bad bytu, envious, he oenfeed 
to Zops the physiognomer, aing h oZ if, ord and livio : but 
 he w Socrates, he did coec and amend hi Thou a ma]cio, 
envious, coveto, imtien, no doub, and lcious, ye  thou a a Chv 
tian, coc« and merate thye. 'T something, I coe, and able o more 
any man, fo c himse" oentemned, obuoe, neglecd, sgoed, derva[ued, 
"'lefç behind;" some canno endure it, no, no oett Lipsi, a man 
creet othcrse, yet too weak and pionatc in thé,  h words express, 
col9 o/ira, quos eço Mne fremztu non in,cor, nper 
.][oecenates et A9rippas eo,--summojam monte poitos. But he w much to 
vIame for it: to a we staid ma t  nothg, we OEot a be honoured 
d rich, ail Cœesars; if wc wl be oentent, o prient statc 
some men's option to be pfeeoE Le them go on, get w]th, ooEc, 
titl, hono, prefeents, and wt they  theelves, by chance, fiu 
imposte, simony, and ct mea,  too many do, by b, flat, 
and paritil tion, by impudence and rime-seing, let them cmb up 
to adnoemcnt  despi of tue, let them "go fore, cro me on eve 
b Ter. Heautont. • Eplcte c. 1. Si bor obec et toleranti convic pffitient &e.,  itz 
uevcfl viti vn obtemperab, • T. Phor. . Mciat EmbL t Vg. . g "My brut 
w hot oenscio o thls flrst  for I bave endoe $ ter."  at. Cheus deliciis 
Europ Felix citq rempote pi$ de Ho cotat. Oceupet exm bioe; mi to 
qul t. Hor. • Lip ept. qt. I. I. . #. 



41 Cure of elacoty.  t'at. 2. 8 3. 
.de," me non o.ndu,t modo n n ulos ncurrant,  he id, coting 
his former error, thy do nog offend me so long  thy n no ino  ey. 
I ara glofious and poor, ct pauptate, but I liv sec and qg : 
ghey ar dignified, hav gat means, pomp, d statu» they a gloriom; but 
what bave they th it ", ouble, anety, m much labour o mainin 
the plaoe th credit, as fo geg ig ag fig." I ara contented with my foun, 
poetator  lonçinçuo, and love Neptum procul à t¢rrâ spectare furtem: 
he is ambition, and no fisfied wih : "but whag gegs ho by ig  haro 
aH his lire laid open, his reproaeh oeen : no one of a homnnd but he bath 
done mo wohy of dispme and animadveion than oemmenda¢ion; no 
berger me o help this than to be pvate." t them run, ride, strive a 
so many fishes for a crumb, scra, climb» catch, snatch, cozen, oellogue, 
tempori aud fleire, take all amongst them» wealth hono» and get wh 
they can, it offends me hot: 
Lare ecro tutoque tegat  
« I ara well pleed with my founes," « io et reçno imtd Ma 
I bave lcarned "in what agate ever I ara, thereth go be contend,  
Philip. iv. 1 L me what OEn corne, I ara prered. ave rar 
anparvd, far nus et OEem. I  the saine. I was once so m ad o bustle 
abroa aud seek about for prefermeut, t myseg and trouble 1 my iend 
sed i$çl Iabor tantt«s prcit; am dttm o amcttm m ct, 
içnott »um, his »us, aIi larç promittunt, çnterc«dunt illi mecum oIicçt, 
i van »pe lactmtt ; dura alios amio, hos «açto, lIis )notes«o,«tas pit, 
dçuunt, amd f«tiçantur, eço dror, et j«m, mundi toesus, hum«noeçu« satur 
ç'delitat, acquieco. ud so I say still ; although I may hot deny, but 
tiret I bave had me "bountiful parons and noble benefacrs, «im iteri» 
i«gratus, aud I do thankfully aeknowledge it, I bave received some kindne, 
quod eu i[Iis 5encium rependat,  on pro vot,rtase ro merit, more 
perventure thau I deserve, though hot go my desire, more of them than I 
did expect, yet hot of others o my dese; neither ara I ambitio or covetous» 
br this whi] or a Suffenm o mylf what I bave raid, without prejudioe 
or alration shall stand. And now m a med hoe that stggl ai fi 
with MI his might and ma to get ou, but when he sees no remedy, ghat h 
bting will hot ser, lies still, I bave laboured  va, test mtisfied, and  
I may u that of Prudentiu 
«/nvei pom ;  e foun vet   Mine haven's fonn fone ad hoe adle 
fl m vob lutte nc os. '» ock othem now» fo I hye a w ¥o '" 

/tIEMB. ¥II. 
A gainst Repulse, Abuses, I,juries, Contempts, 1)isgraces, Contumelies, 
landers, , c. 
Repuhe.]  xr hot yet conclud% thi fo appease pions, or quie¢ ghe 
mind» tiH such ¢ime m 1 bave ee removed some other of thk more 
emeng and ordinary OEuses, which produce so vo tortures d deon- 
ents: go dive Ml, I nog hope; to poing alone ag some few of the ceft, 
is thag which I m 
 Llpsl, ept. I b. l. eplst. 7. m Gloria comltem habet indiam, p e emit retinendo se 
acquirendo, • Quid iud ambitios sibi parat quam ut probra ua patent  nemo va q non 
habet   plura vituratioe qm ude dira; h m non menus occulte, quam  beo 
latues, • Et omn lama per urb gaa udet. • Sera Her. F. q Hot. « I ve hke a Mng 
wthout any  ti acqsitions." s'« But ail my bour w unproflble; for while dth took off 
• omc of my ien to othe I rem own, or iitfle ke d tb deceive me wi le prom 
Wt I ara vg one p, pfivag other, mng m o to a t my  
)'ea glide away, 1  put off, d now t of the worl and eid wlth 1 w I t 
co«tent." ,The ght honourable Lady Fuc Co Dower ol Exeter. The rd rkley. 
t Distichon   militera Csti ë Gré. Engrav on  tomb  Ff. PaoeI th Ft 
 Rom Chye in decca. 



Mem. 7.] Rer,i o«int Discxttts. 415 

Repulse and disgrace are two main causes of discontent, but to an under- 
standing man not so hardly to be taken. Coesr himself bath been denied, 
 and when two stand equal in fortune, birt.h, and all other qualifies alie, 
one of necessitv must lose. 'hy shouldst thou take it so grievously? It 
bath a familiar'thing for thee thyself to deny others. If every man might 
hase what ho would, we should al1 be deified, emperors, kings, princes; if 
whatsoevcr vain hope suggests, insatiable appetite affccts, out prcposterous 
judgmcnt thinks fit wcrc granted, we should hase anothcr chaos in an instant, 
a more confusion It is some satisfaction to him that is rcpelled, that dig- 
nities, honours, offices, are hot always given by desert or worth, but for love, 
affinity, fi'iendship, affection, • great men's letters, or as commonly they are 
bought and sold. «, r Honours in court are bestowed not according to men's 
virtues and good conditions (as an old courtier observes), but as every man 
bath means, or more potcnt friends, so ho is preferred." Vith us in Franco 
(" for so their own countryman relates) "most part the marrer is carried by 
favour and grace; ho that canget a great man to be his mediator, runs away 
with ail the preferment." Indinissimus l»lerumrj prtrfertur, Fatinius 
Catonl, illaudatu laudatisslmo ; 
 ««Servt domlnantur$ escl]i 
Ornautur phaleri, dephalerautur equI." • 
An illiterate fool sits in a man's seat, and the common peoplc hohl him learned, 
grave and wise. "One professeth (bCardan well notes) for a thousand crowus, 
but ho deserves hot ton, when as ho that deserves a thousand cannot get tcn." 
qalarium zon dat multls salera. As good horses draw in carts as coaches. 
And oftentimes, which $[achiavel seconds, ° Priwipes non sunt qui oh insig- 
em virtuten principatu dign sunt, he that is most worthy wants employment; 
ho that hath skill to be a pilot wants a ship, and ho that could govern a com- 
monwealth, a world itself, a king in conceit, wanta means fo exorcise his worth, 
bath hot a poor office fo manage, and yet all this while ho is a botter man tha 
is fit to reiga, etsi careat regno, though ho want a kingdom, « « than ho tha 
bath one, and knows hot how to rule if :" a lion serres hot always his keeper, 
bu oftentimes the keeper the lion, and as ° Polydore ¥irgil bath it, multi 
toges ut pufdlli ob inscitiam non regunt sed reguntur. ][iero of Syracuse 
was a brave king, but wanted a kingdom; lerseus ofhIacedon had nothing of 
a king, but the baxe naine and title, for ho could hot govern it: so great places 
are often ill besowed, worthy persons uarespected. ]Iany rimes too, the ser- 
vants bave more means than the masters whom they serve, which « Epictetus 
counts an eye-sore and inconvenient. But who can help it ? It is an ordi- 
nary thing in these days to sec a base impudent ass, illiterate, unworthy, insuf- 
ficient, fo be preferr¢d before his betters, because ho tan put himself forward, 
because ho looks big, ean bustle in the world, bath a fait outside, ena tem- 
porise, collogue, insinuate, or bath good store of friends or money; whereas a 
more discreet, modest, and better-deserving man hall lie hid or have a repulse. 
'Twas so of old, and ever will be, and which Tiresias advioeth Ulysses in the 
• poet, "Acclpe quâ ratione queas ditescere," &o. la still in use; lie, fiat- 
ter and dissemble: if hot, as ho concludes, -« Ergo pauTer cris," then go 
like a beggar as thou art. Erasmus, ]Ielancthon, Lipsius, Budoeus, Cardan, 

• poederatus in 300 Laeedœemoniorum numernm non electus rlsit, gratulart se dieens elvittem habere 30 ¢ives se meliore, • KLing goes by favour, • 'nea Syi. de miser, curial. Dautur honores in cur/i 
non secundam honores et vrtutes, ed ut quique ditior et arque poteutior, e5 magi honoratu, • Seelo 
iius, lib. 2. de repub. Gallorum. Favore apud nos et gratin plermnque res agitur; et qui commodum 
aliquem nacti sunt interceorem, adtum fore habent ad omnea proefecturar, • " SlaveS govern; aases 
are decked with tTappings; horses are deprivel of them2'  |mperitus leritl nunm occupat, et sic 
apu vulgns 13abetur. ltle profltetur nxlJie coronatis» cure nec decem mereatur; alitts b diverso mille 
digno, viX decem consequi poteSt. ®Epist. dedic, disput. Zeubbeo Bondemontio, et Cosmo Rucelaio. 
e tuum la qui regnat, et regnandi sit Imperltu. • Lib. 2. hist. « Mintri Iocupletiore eunt 1 
utbua mtmstratur, • tinr. llb. . at. 6. "Learn lmw to grow rich." 



416 Cure of,]]«lancuiy. [Part. 2. Scc. 3. 

lived and died poor. OEsner was a silly old man, ba.ezdo innlxu, amongs all 
those hding eardinals, swdling bishops that flourished in his rime, and rodo 
on ïoot-clothea It is hot honesty, learning, worth, wisdom, that prefers mon, 
"The race is hot to the swit, nor tho battlo to the strong," but as the wiso 
n:tn said, h Chance, and sometimes a ridiculous chance, i CaOE i'rzm//u 
'idicul mulos evavit. 'Tis ïortune's doin as they say, whieh ma,le Bru- 
tus now dying exelaim, 0 mi.sera virtus, ergo niAil qàln verba eras, atgui 
eyo te tlua» rem exercebam, sed tu servieba.s fyrtu,we.  Belicve it here- 
after, 0 my friends! virue serres fortme. Yet be hot dicouraged (0 
my well deserving spirits) with this which I bave sui,l, it may be otherwis, 
though seldom I COLfess, yet sometime if is. But to your farther content, 
l'Il tell you a  tale. In Moronia pia, or 3[oroni felix, I know hot whether, 
nor how long since, nor in what cathedral church, a fat prebend fcll void. 
The carcass scar¢e cold, nany suitor were up in an instant. The first had 
rich friends, a good purse, and ho was reolved to outbid any man befot ho 
would lose it, every mansupposed ho should catTy it. The second was my 
lord Bishop's chaplain (in whose gifç it wg), and ho thought it his due to haro 
it. The third was nobly born, and ho meanç fo get it by 1ris great parents, 
patrons, and allie. The ïourth stood upon his worth, ho had ncwly ïound 
out arrange mysteries in chenitry, and other rare inventions, which ho would 
detect fo the public good. The fifh was a painful preacher, and ho was com- 
mended by the wholo parish where ho dwelt, ho had al their hands fo his 
certificate. Tho sixth was the prebendary's son lately deceased, his father 
died in debt (for it, as they say), left a wiïe a,d rnany poor children. The 
seventh stood upon fuir promises, which fo him and his noble friends had been 
tbrmerly made for the next place in his lordship's gift. The eighth pretended 
great losses, and what ho had suffered for the chureh, what pains ho had taken 
a home and abroad, and besides ho brought noblemeu's 1errera. The ninth 
had married a kinswoman, and ho sent his OEe fo sue for him. The tenth 
was a ïoreign doctor, a hte convert, and wanted mean The eleventh would 
exchange for another, ho did hot like the formera site, eould hot agree with 
his neighbours and ïellows upon any terres, ho would be gone. The twelfth 
and las was (a suitor in concdt) a right honest, civil, sober man, an excellent 
scholar, and such a one as lived private in the university, but ho had neither 
means nor money fo compass it; besides ho hated ail such courses, ho eould 
hot speak for himself, neither had ho any f%nds fo solicit his cause, and 
therefore ruade no suit, could hot expeet, neither did ho hope fbr, or look after 
it. The good bishop, amongst a jury of competitors thus perplxed, and noç 
yet resdved what fo do, or on xvhom fo bestow if, af the last, of hls own 
accord, mere motion and bountiful nature, gve i ïreely fo the university 
student, altogether unknown to him but by fume; and fo be brief, the aoede- 
mical scholar had the prebend sent him for a prescrit. The news was no 
sooner published abroad, but ail good students rejoiced, and were much cheered 
up with if, though some would hot believe if; others, as mon amazed, said i 
was a miracle/ but one amongst the rest thanked God for if, and said Aru,o 
j«vc tndem ,tudiosum ese, et Deo i?ro corde ser-ire. You have heard my 
talc: but alas it is but a talc, a more fiction, 'twas noyer so, noyer like tobe, 
and so let if test. Well, be if so thon, they bave wealth and honour, fortuno 
and preferment, every man (there's no remedy) must scramble as ho rnay, and 
shift as ho tan; yet Cardan eomïortd himseff with this, "" the star Foma- 
hant would make him immortal," and that * after his decease his books should 

h Solomon Eccles. Ix. ! I. I Sut. Henip. I, ,, 0 wretched virtue I yon axe therefore nothing bnt 
words, and 1 bave al] this rime b¢en looking pon yon as a reality, whi]e you are yom'self the »ave o! 
fortune" lTale quid est apud Valent Andre.am Apolog. manip. 5. apoL 39. m Stdta Fomahant 
tmmortal|tatem dabit, n IAb. de hb. propris. 



Iem. 7.J Remed;es ayainst Dhcontent. 417 

be found in ladies" studios: *Dignum laude virum Musa vetat rn. But 
,vhy shouldest thou take thy neglect, thy canvas so te heart? It may ho 
thou art net fit; but a Pchild that put on his Fther's shoes, hat, headpiece, 
b|astplate, breeches, or holds his spear, but is neither able te wield the one» 
or wear the other; se wuuldest thou de by such an office, place, or magia- 
tracy: thou art uufit: « And what/s dignity te an unworthy man, but" (as 
«Salvianus holds). "a gold ring in a swine's snout" Thou art a brute. Like 
a bad actur (se rPlutarch compares such men in a tragedy), diam fêrt, 
rox o aditur: Thou wouldest play a king's part, but actest a clown, speake 
like an ass. .J[afln pe21s, PAaëu, e. çuoe no v5"oEus isHa, &c., as James and 
John the sons of Zebedee, did ask they kuew net what: ecs, 
ecs; thou dost, as another Suffenus, overwcen thyself; thou art wise in 
thine own eonceit, but in other more mature judgment altogether unfit 
manège such a business. Or be it thou art more deserving than any of thy 
ank, God in his providence bath reserved thee for seine other fortunes, 
per /su. Thou art humble as thou art, it may be; hadst thou been 
preferred, thou wouldest have forgotten God and thyself, insultei over others, 
conemned thy friends, 'bcen a block, a tyrant, or a demi-goal, 
perbfo'mm: "»Therefore," saith Chrysostom, « good mon de net always 
find grace and avour, let they should be l,ïed up with turgent titles, grow 
insolent and proud." 
Injuries, abuses, are very offensive, and se much the more in that they think 
eZere»feredo initz vam, "by taking one they provoke anothcr:" but 
it is an erroneous opinion, for il that were true, there would be no end 
abuing each other; li lien 9enera; 'ris much better wi£h patience te bear, 
or quietly te put if up. If an ass kick m% saith Socrates, shall I strike 
again And when "his wi[e Xantippe struck and misused him, te seine 
fi'iends that wotùd have had hlm srike her aga[n, he replied, that ho would 
net make them sport, or that they shou|d stand by and say, Ei 
Aanippe, as we de when dogs ght, animate them the more by clapping of 
hands, liany mon spend themlves, their goods, friends, fortunes, upon 
smalI quarrels, and sometimes a other men's proeurements, with much vex- 
ation of spirit and angaish of mind, ail which with good advice, or mediation 
of friends, might bave been happily composed, or if patience had taken place. 
laience in such cases is a most sovereign remedy, te put up, conceal, or dis- 
semble it, te *forget and forgive, "not seven, but seventy-seven times, as 
often as ho repents forgive him ;" Luke xvii. 3. as out Saviour enjoins us, 
stricken, "te turn the other side :" as out "Apostle persuades us, « te recoin- 
pense no man evil tbr evll, but as much as is possible te bave peae with ail 
nen: net te avenge ourselves, and we shall heap burning coals upon out ad- 
versary's head." "For "if you pu up wrong (as Chrysostom comments), you 
get the victry; he that loseth his money, loseth net the conquest in this our 
philosophy." If ho eontend with thee, subm[t thyself unto him first, yield 
te him. )m' e dwrum ujaiu murm, as the d[verb i, two refractry 
spirits will never agree, the only means te overcome is te relent» ebseu/o 
Euclid in PIutarch, when his brother had angered him, swore ho would 
revenged; but ho gently replied, "Let me net Eve if I de net make the te 
love me again," upon which meek answer ho was pacified, 
«, Flectitur obsequ]o eurvatas ab Arbore ramu I « A branch if easlly bended yleld te thee, 
Frangis i vites experire tuas." Pull hard if breaks; tho differenee you 

• Hor. "The mue forblds the pralseworthy man to dle." • QU] induit thorscem aut galeam, 
« Lib. 4. de guber. Dol. Quld est dignltas indigno u]sl ch'eu]as aureas in naribas euis  In Lysandro. 
• Ovid. Met. t biagistra,tas virum lndinat. * ldeo boni vr] aliquando grat]am on aeclp|unt, ne 
lerbiameleventurventoaitate|actantl,nealtitudomunerisnegligentioreaelt]tiat, nElian, alnjuriaru.m 
remedinm est oblivio.  Mat. xviil. 22. Mat. v. 39. • Rom. xii. 17. * SI tolers inJuriam, vlctor 
evadls; qu] enim pecunlls privatus est, non est prlvatas vlctor in bac phflosophia. 
uit n. fuero: dispeream  ut me d¢inceps e, moe eflecexo, • Joac, h. Catea.axm Embl. 21. cent. 1o 



Thc noLle £tmily of thc Clonnl in omc, when th«y wcre expcllcd the city 
by tht fudo Alexander thc Sixth, gave thc bending branch thcrefore as 
an impre, with th motto, Fti pogt, fraçi non pot, to sigfify that ho 
might brk thcm by force, but so noyer make them st.oop, for thvy fled 
the dst of thcir hard usage to the kingdom of aples, and wc honourably 
cntcincd by Frederick the king, cording to their 11i. Gcutlen in 
this e might bave donc much more, and let ahane advcry be noyer ao 
perec, it may be by that means thou ycst win him 
ltiâ m imnn anim match, eof words py wrath, and the 
fiert spirits are so soonest overoeme; " genero tion will hot hurt a best 
that li prostra,nor an elephant  ocuous crêpure, but  infist inf, 
a tcrror and ourgc alone fo ch  are stubborn, and makc risuce. 
w the symbol of Emuel Phbe, Duke of Savoy, aud ho 
ten in it, for 
« rQuo qlsque t major,, magis t placabil ir ] a A eater man la ont pacifle 
Et  mot mens genero cpit." A noble lrit quicy satisfled." 
If as i»ocd by Gualcr Iapes, an old historiographcr of ours (who Hved 
4 yrs ainoe), that King Edward senior, and Llewcyn pdnce of Vales, 
beg at an terview vear Aust npon verv, in Glouctmhire, and the 
prinoe oent for, refed to corne tothe king; he would nes go over to him; 
xvch cwellyn peroeiving, " wcnt up to the ams h wate and cmbmciug 
his boet, would bave oeicd him out upon Ms shodcm, adding that hi 
hity and wdom had triumphed over s pridc and folly ; and thcreupou 
w roncilcd to  and did his homagc." If thou nst hot so win him, 
put it up, ifthou bst a truc Chdstian, a good difinc, an imitator of Christ, 
(" 'for ho w reed and put it up, whipped and sought no revcne ), thou 
wilt pr.y for the enemics, "kand bls them that pcccute thé;" be 
patient, mcck, humble, &c. An honcst man wfll hot offer thee injury, 
b  vult; if ho wcre a branglg knave, 't his çhion so to do; whcm 
 lt h as most tone; q q sttie  io, the moro 
sottish ho , still the more solent: "IDo not answer a ib,l aoeordg to 
nis folly." If he be thy superior, bear it by ail mean¢ ieve rot at it, 
him ke his coe; Annitus and ZIelitus "may k me, they OEnnot hu 
moi"  that generous Socrat ruade awer in like ce. Me im»w 
nand, though the body be tora  pie th wild horses, broken on the 
'heeÇ pinched with fiery tons, the soul OEnnot be dtracted. 'Tas  ordi- 
na T thg for t men to it and st, oppre je, tyre, to 
take wt fiberty they lt, and who re speak aga] isrn 
loedi, q  pos qN, a erable thlng'tis to be j ured of h ira, from wh oto 
 no appel: "and not fe to wte against  that can proscbe d puh a 
man at his plure, which i Polo w aware of, when Octanus pr 
voked him. 'Tas h I oenfess to be so jured: oe of Clo's three OEfficult 
th : "To kp counoel; spend his aime we ; put up inj:" but be 
thou patient, and Clive revenge unto the Lord. "" Vengnce as mine and 
 repay, ith the Lord."" I ow the r" ih "David, "l avengo 
the acd and jud the poor."" No m (  Pla fher ds) OEn so 
veoely uh Ms advery,  G will such  oppr erable 
«* Item Ie rem Jutam Juca 
oreque mc mct.'" 

d Heliodorus. • ReipBa reperi nlhil esse homlnl melius facilitate et clernentta. Ter. Ade]ph 
¢Ovi{L • Carnden in Glou. • Usque ad pectus ingres'us e sqnalr b &c., cymbam v*rnp]ectena, aapien." 
tissime tex, v*lt, tus humilitss mesm vicit superbiv*m, et sapieaUa triumphv*vit Ineptiam; Collum aacende 
quod eoutr• te ftuu exexi, intrabis terrain quv*rv hodie fecit tnam benignitas, &c. i Ch/TsoSOm 
contttmehts'" affecttm est et eas pertu]it', opprobriis, nec nltus est-. verberibtm• .ezus' nec vicem redd--ï °_s 
 Rom. xii. I. | Prov. m Contend xot with v* greater mv, n, Prov. Oe¢|dere losunt, • Non facile 
v*ut tutm In eum scrlbere ql potest proseribere, • Arcana tcere, otlum recte clloeare, in.uriv*m poe 
ferre, dici]limnm, • Psa.L xlv. rRorv, xii. sPsI, xiil. 12. ,Nullu tare voyerWinimieu suu,u 
uIcisci potest, quarn Deus sotet miserorum oppreasores, • Arcttu'u in Flaut. "lte sdjudicates Jmigmeat 
sain, ud puuie.s with • still greter laalty:' 



Mem. 7.] Remedle$ aga[nt Dscontents. 19 
]î here be any religion, any God, and that God be just, 
thon believest the one, believe the other : Erit, erlt, it hall be so. reme 
com after, ser sed ser, stay but a ttle and thou ht see God' 
judgment oveake him. 
XRaroantecedtemcelam J CYetwlthsuretetoughlaeand nlow, 
Dert pede pn eludo." Vengean Gerk thetremblin via'sspee." 
Thon shalt peroeive that rified of uel to gag, 1 Sm. xv. 33. "Thy 
swo bath ruade many women childless, so shall thy mother be cloee 
amont other women." It shall be doue  them  they ve doue to othe. 
Coadinus, that brave Sucvian prce, came with a well-prepared y into 
the kingdom of Napl w takeu priner by King Charl, and put  dth 
in the flower of his youth; a little after (ultionem Conradii rt, Pand- 
ph Collinuti, Hisa Neap. lib. 5. oeils it). King Charlegs own son, with two 
hundred nobles, w so taken pner, and behded in fike so. Not in this 
only, but in all other offenceg quo qttçquepeccat in eo punietur, zthey all 
be punished in the me nd, in tbe me pa, like nature, eye with or 
the ey hd dth or  the hd, ecution with peecution, lust th 
cffects of lust; let them march on with ensigns displayed, let drums bt on, 
tmpcts sound taratantaa, let them ck citi, tske the spoil of count]fies, 
mrder infants, deflower virng destroy, burn, percute, and tnni, they 
shall be lly rewarded af lt in the saine measure, they and the, and 
that to the deoert. 
oz Ad genem Cereris lne coed et «nlne au£1 ] "Few n i thelr 
Dcendt res et $ia morte tyrni." But tabb'd or mm'd to hell they 
Oftentim too a be conmptible fellw is the intment of God's 
fo punish, to roture, d vex them,  an ichneumon doth a crocodile. They 
shall be recompend according  the works of their hands,  Haman was 
hand on the gaows he prodded r Mordecai; "They shall bave soow 
h, and be destroyed fmm under the hn," Thœen. iii. 64, 65, 66. Onl 
be thon patient: "vincit quipatitur: and in the end thou shalt be crowne. 
ea, but 'tis a hard matr to do this, flesh and blood may hot abide it; 'ris 
çrave, çrave! no (Chsoom replies), non est çra'e, ô homol 'tis hot so 
grievou ,,b neither had God commanded it, ifit h been so diffict." But 
how shall if be doue? "Eily," he follo if, "ff thou shalt look to hven, 
behold the beautyof it, and what God bath promed fo such put up inj." 
But OE thon reslst and go about viro OE repe[lere, as the custom ofthe world 
to right thyselç or hast given just oeuse of offence, 'ris no inju then, but a 
condi punissent; thou ht deseed  much: A tepnpium, in te 
rendit cHm çuod à  ]ùit ; peccti, quiesce,  Ambrose expostula th 
Caln, Iib. 3. de Mbel et Çain. ¢iony of Syracuse, in h exile, was me 
to stand thout door, patentJr firdum,rtse nos raie quid foeim, quum 
in re essemus, he ly put it up, and id the fault where if w, on his 
v pride and sco, which   wpety he had fomerly showed othem. 
'T dTly's aom, fifre ea olestsim omines non dent, quoe 
eulp cracta sunt, self do, self bave, as the ng  they may thank 
themselves. For he that doth 'ong mt look to be onged ain; habet et 
mtca spl, etfmieoe sua bil inest. The least fly bath a splee and a 
ttle e a stg. "An ms overwhelmed a thtlewa's nt, the litfle bd 
pecked hh galled back in venge; and the humble-boe in the fable flung do 
îhe gls eggs out of Jupiter's lap. Bracide in Plutamh, put  hand into a 
mouse's nt and hu ber young on, she big him by the finger: I see now 
(ith ho) there  no creature  oentemptible, that wi hOt be reng 'T 
x Hcr . od. • Y Wlad. xt. 6.  Jurent. a Apud flIos non qui pafl, s q ft 
jam mir  Leo ser. b Neqne pcepiet Deus si sve fuit; d q ratione potero t filè 
i oelnm suexerh; et ejus pchtndln et quod cetnr De &c. oValer, lib. 4. oep. l. 
a r.p.Q. at. ¢ Cai b. b. cent.  fPap lnqt : n 



420 Cure offoencog. [Part. 2. Sec. 3. 
lex tallon, and the nature of all thinz so to do : ifthou wilt live qtietly thy- 
self, Sdo no wrongto others; if any be donc thee, put it up, with patience 
endure it, for "bthis is thankworthy," saith our apostle, "if any man for con- 
science towarc God endure griet and surfer wrong undeserved; for what 
praise is if if when ye be buffeted for your faults, ye take it patiently But 
if when you do wel], ye surfer wrong and take it patiently, there is thattks with 
God ; fur hereunto verily we are ca[Ied."Qui [ wnfert, ipsa sbi es¢is e 
per impatientiam qu5dbonus wn est, "he that cannot bear injuries, witnesseth 
against himself that he i no good man," as Gregory holds. ,, i,Tis the nature 
of wicked men to do injuries, as it is the property of all honest men patiently 
to bear them." zYmtrrobitas nulloflectitur obseuio. The wolf in the emblem 
sucked the goat (so the shepherd would have it), but he kept nevertheless a 
wolîs nature; la knave will be a knave. Injury is on the other side a good 
man's footboy, his.f/s Acltes, and a a lackey follows him vheresoever he 
goes. Besides, mserc est fortun quæ cure2 iimico, he is in a miserable 
estate that wants enemies :" it is a thing hot to be avoided, and therefore 
• vth more patience to be endured. Cato Censoriu, that upright Cato of 
vhom t'aterculus gives that honottrable eulogium, benèfecit qzwd aliterfacere 
wn potni, wa fifty times indicted and accused by his fellow citizens, and as 
°Ammianus well bath it, Quls erit inrwcen si clam vel palam accusdsse 
ciat? if it be sufficient fo accuse a man openly or in private, who shall be 
free  If there were no other respect than that of Chrtianity, religion and the 
like, to induce men to be long-suffering and patient, yet methitks the nature 
of injury itself is suflïcient to keep them quiet, the tumults, uproars, miseries, 
dicontents, anmizh, loss, dangers that attend upon if might restrain the cala- 
mitie of contention: for as it is with ordinary gmesters, the gmes go to the 
box, so falls it out to such as contend; the lawyers get all; and therefore if 
they would consider of it, aliena pericu[a cautos, other men's misfortunes in 
thi kind, and common experience might detain them. *The more they con- 
tend, the more they are involved in a labyrinth of woes, and the catastrophe 
is to consume one another, like the elephant and dragon's conflicç in Pliny;  
the dragon got under the elêphant's belly, and sucked his blood o long, till he 
fell down dead upon the dragon, and kil]ed him with the 11, so both were 
ru;ned. 'Tis a hydra's hed, contention; the more they ztrive, the more they 
may : and as Praxiteles did by his glass, when he saw a scurvy face in it, 
l»rake iç in pieces: but for that one he saw many more a bad in a moment : 
for one injury donc they provoke another cumfoenore, and twenty enemies for 
one. zVoli irritare crabrones, oppose hot thyself to a multitude : but if thou 
haut received a wrong, wisely conider of it, and ifthou canst poibly, compose 
thyself with patience to heur it. Thi i the afest coure, and thou .halt 
iind greatest ease to be quiet. 
«I ay the saine of oeoffs, s]ander, contume]ies, obloquie, defzrnatlons, 
detractions, pasquilling libels, and the like, which may tend any way to our 
disgrace : 'ris but opinion ; if we could negleeç, contemn, or with patience 
digest them, they would reflect on them that offered them at first. A wi 
¢itizen, I know hot whence, had a scold to his wife : when she brawled, he 
played on his drum, and by that mens madded her more, because she saw 
that he would hot be moved. ])iogenes in a crowd when one ca]led him back, 
and told him how the boys laughed him to oeorn, Ego , i,guit , non r/deor, took 
o notice of if. Socrates was brought upon the stage by Ax[stophanes» and 
g Qued tlbl £erl non I, alterl ne fecerl& h I Pe/. tf. »Slquldem malorum..proprium est lnferre 
damna, et bonorum pedieua est injurist, k Alciat. ernb. 1 laturstm expetm :urca licett toum 
recurre, m By mavy indgnitle we cone te digaifies. Tibi snbjlc|to qu £un t alls, furtnm, couvitia, 
Et in ris tll te Itdmteaia non excande.es. Epictetus. n Plutarch. quinquges C&toni dies dicta ab Inirnciï" 
o LIb. 18. * Hoe Io pro certo quod  cure stercore cero, vinco eu vincor, eemper ego macUloro 
• LIb. 8. cp. . q Obloquntus est probrumque tlbi Intulit qulsplarn, tire veva is dixerit eive 
maximum tibi coronam texueria st manetè convttium tuleria. Chr3a. in 6. cap. ad R »ffin. sex. 10. • 



misuse fo his fce, u he lughc  if i coneee hm no: and  lian 
r¢es of h whasoever od er Lad cciden er foune LefeH him, Eoing 
»r  m»rZ«k«Zem, rch on throuh Eoe an bd repos o immor- 
hty» no fo Le moved: for honesy is a sucien reward, r 
pmim; and  eur imes the soie recompence fo o we, , fo o weH: but 
naugktin wl ish itscffat lt, "Imlob is uiti supliu. 
the diverb is, 
" Q benè feeen t e faeta qen ] u They that do well, shall bave reward ai la 
Qui malè feruat, fta sueatur eoe:" But they that  h«U ee% for th'$ 
Y, but I ara hamed, disgrd, dhonoured, deaded, exploded: my 
notorious crimes und vfilai a oeme to ]ight (endi mum t), 
filthy lust, abominable oppr]on and avance li on, my g name's ]ost, 
my fortuue's gone. I bave been stitised, whipt at post, aigned and 
condemned, I ara a common obloquy, I bave lost my eam, odious, execmble, 
abhorred of God aad mem Be content, 'ris but a nine day wonder, and 
one sorrow drives out other, one psiou another, one cloud another, one 
rŒmour is expelled by another; every day almost corne new news to out 
ers, as how the sun w ecpoed, metrs sn in the air, monstre bon), 
prodiges, how the Tks were ovehrown in Pemia, an eahquake in 
vctiu, Calbria, Japun, or Chiu, an inundativn in HoUaud,  grt plae 
Constantinop]e,  tire at rate,  dh iu Germy, such a n  
x lo,  bhop, another hanged, depd, pssed fo dth, for some murder, 
tren, tope, theft, oppreion, all which we do h af first with a nd of 
admiration, dettation, consteation, but by and by they are bried 
silenoe: thy ç«ther's dead, thy brother mbbed, fe r mad, neighbour 
bath killed mself; 't h, ghtly, feful news at tiret,  eve man's 
mouth, tble tMk; but after  while who spks or ts of it It will 
 with thee and thiae offcnoe, it 1 be forgotn ia an int, be it e, 
rape, sodomy, murder, t, tron, &c., thoa a aot the fit offeuder, nor 
shalt hot be the last, 'ris no wonder, every hour such leçtom are called 
in question, nothing so common, uocu in po, çuonçue  a. 
Comfort thyoelÇ thou rt hot the sole mare If he that were gltless 
se should fling the tiret stoae at the% and he alone od ccu thee that 
ere fuultl, how mny executione, how many accuoem woùdst thot 
bave  If every man's sins were wtn in  foreh, and secret 
known, how many ounds would paraUeÇ if hot exceed te offenoe 
y be e judge that ga oenten the jury that condeed the% the 
statom that gazed ou thee, deserved much more, and were far more 
th thou thyself. But itis thine infelicity to  taken, tobe ruade a pubc 
emp]e ofjtice, to be a ror to the test; yet ou]d evev man bave 
de, thou wodest rdvente be  st  comrison; va oerd 
colu»as, voor sos aïe pished; the cat on do twenty thond times 
ome, nd are hot so mŒch  sken o 
us Non rete cipit tcnditur neque milvio, [  Tbe nef hot ld for klt or blr of pr 
Q maie cit nob;  q n ct t$."  ut for OEe h  o  we y. 
e hot maycd en, humanum mi re, e are a sne ily and 
hourly subject to temvtions , the best of us is  hocrite, a grievous oflènder 
 God's sight, ouh, t, David, er, &c., how many mol es do 
commit hall  y, be penitea k forgiveness, and make amends by the 
sequel of thy  ibr tç fo offenoe thou t committed oevoe 

,Tuliue, eplst. Dolabells, tu forti sis anlmo et tua moderatlo, eonstantla» eorum infatuer inJurta 
• Boetl3iua conaoL 1. 4. pros. 3. *" mongat leopl« in evr, r c.limate." • 1"¢r. Phor, 



"9 Cr# of Mdancho!y. [Part. 2. Sec. 3. 
credit by some nble exploit, as Themistocles did, for he was a most debauche, i 
and vicious youth, sjuventoE . lar foet oh, but ruade th 
world amends by brave exploit; at lms boeome a new man, and seek  b 
reformed. e that runs away ia a battle,  Demosthenes id, may figh 
aga; and he that hath a rail may stand  upght as ever h did belote. 
Ne oepet mda ps, a wicked liver may be reclaimed, and prove an 
ont man; h that is odious in prea hid out, an exile, may be 
again with ail men's favoum, and sinlar applause; so Tully was in Rome, 
Aleibd in Athens. Let thy disgraoe then be what it wfil, quod , i 
ftum  pos$ se, that which is pt OEnnot be reoEfied  trouble not thy- 
elç vex and ieve thyself no more,  it obloquy, disque, oec. o bettcr 
way, thaa fo negle conma, or m hot to regard it, to ke no reckoning 
of it, Dse robur argu dactas: thou be filtless it oencer th aot 
«sla vaniloquoe quid cur icu)a 
Lautcm cul'tne ara Diana canera " 
oth the moon tare fi)r the barking of a dog  They detmct, scoff and rail, 
aaith one, rand bark at me on every side; but I, likê that banian dog some- 
rimes given fo Alexander fir a poesent, viico ab ill so conmptu, I lio 
atfll and sleep, vindioEte myselfby oentempt alone. "Eps or AchU 
artus:  a tortoise in his shell, "virtute .n involvo, or an urchin rond» 
il or t, a lizard ia camomfle, I decline their fury and am fe. 
«' lnteitas viusque o muntmlne tut ] u vle and intety are their o lent% 
on pater versoe moibua vioe :" tare net for envy or what cornes from thcnce.  
Let thcm rail then, scooE and slander, sapons contumdiâ n «itr a wse 
man, Seneca thinks,  hot moved becae he knows, contra Sycopn 
sure non  redium, there is no remedy for it: kin aud princes, wioe, 
grve, pdent, holy, good mea, die, 11 are  seed alike. 0 Ja à 
tergo e ull« cn t, Anvoa and Postvou, Jupites mrdian., 
may hot help in th ms% they OEnnot protect; [oses had a Dathan, 
Coratb, Dvid a Shimei, Goal himself  blasphemed: um 
wndum tm' . It is an ordiuary thing so to be misuoed. u 
est cure benèce ma[è audire, the cefest men and most undeundg are 
 vilified; let him rase his oeurse. And  tbat lusty cour in sop, 
that oentemned the poer ass, OEme by and by ter th his bowels bmt, 
pk on h back, and w dedded of the me s: contntur ab 
i#  conmpse, et intur ab  quos #s i irise, they shall 
be contemned d laughed fo o of those whom they ve former]y derided. 
Let them contemn, de,ame, or uudelue, insult, oppress, scofl slander, 
able, ong, cue and swear, fei and lie, do thou comfort thyoelf with 
good nscience, in sinu gau, when tbey have al1 donc, « « a good oensciencc 
is a ntnual fet," nnoeency wl vdioEte itself: and wMch the 
gave out of Heoeules, dihfruur mth, enjoy thyl though all tbe world 
be set agnst thee, contemn and say with him, &gum mi/d 
my posy is, "uot fo be moved, that smy paadium, my brstplate, my 
bucer, th which I wa all injuries, offcnc, li, slande; I lean upon 
tt stake of modty, so receive and break under all that fooh force of 
liver and spleem" And whomever he  that sha11 obsee these sho truc- 
tions, thout all question he s mach case and benefit hielï 



]ffem. 7.] Remedies against Dscontents. 423 

In fine, if princes wotdd do justice, judges be upright, elergymen truly 
devout, and so lire as they teach, if great men would hot be so insolent, if 
soldiers would quietly defend us, the poor would be patient, rich men would 
be liberal and humble, citizens honest, magiztrtez meek, mperiors would 
give good example, subjects peaeeable, young men would stand in awe: if 
parents would be kind to their children, and they again obedient fo their 
parents, brethren agree amongst themselves, enemit.s bo reeonciled, ervant 
trusty to their masters, virgias chaste, wives modest, hu.sbands woukl ho lov- 
ing and lessjealous: if we cotdd imitate Chrizt and his apostles, llve after 
God's laws, these mJschiefs woald hot so frequently happen amongst us; but 
beiag most part so irreconcilable as we are, perverse, proud, insolent, factious, 
and malicious, prone to contention, anger and revenge" of such fiery spirits, 
so captious, impious, irreligious, so opposite t» virtue, void of grace, hov 
sho_uld it otherwise bel l[any men are very testy by nature, apt to miztake, 
apt to quarrel, apt to provoke and mizinterpret to the worst, every thing that 
is said or done, and thereupon heap unto themselves a great deal of trouble, 
and disquietness to others, smatterers in other men's marrera, tale-bearers, 
whisperers, liars, they cannot speak in season, or hold thcir tongues when 
they should, t;t suara parten itidera tacere, c'un alienc est oratio : they will 
speak more than cornes to their shares, in ail companies, and by those bad eoumes 
aeeumulate mueh evil to their own souls (qui conteglit, sibi coniclura fcit), 
their lire is  perpetual blRwl, they snarl like so mny dogs, with thcir wives, 
children, servants, neighbours, and all the rest of their fi'iends, they can agreo 
vith nobody. But to sueh as are judieious, meek, submissive, and quiet, these 
matters are easily remedied: they will forbear upon a.ll sueh occasions, negleet, 
contemn, or take no notice of them, dissemble, or wisely tutu it otï If it be 
a natural impediment, as a red nose" squint eyes, crooked legs, or any such 
imperfection, infirmity, disgraee, reproaeh, the best way is to speak of it first 
thyself, and so thou shalt sm'ely take away all oceazions from others to jest 
at, or eontemn, that they may pereeive thee to be careless of if. Vatiuius 
was wont to seoff at his own deformed feet, to prevent his euemies' obloquies 
and areasms in that kind; or else by prevention, as Cotys, king of Thraee, 
that brake a eompany of fine glasses presented fo him, with lais own hands, 
lest he should be overmuch moved when they were broken by chance. And 
sometimes again, se that it he disereetly and moderately doue, if shall hot b« 
amiss to make resistanee, to take down sueh a saucy companion, no bette 
means to vindicate himself to purehase final peaee : for he that suffers him- 
self to be ridden, or through pusillanimity or sottishness will let every man 
buffle him, shall be a common laughiug stock to flout at. As a cur that goes 
through a village, if he clap his rail between his legs, and ruu away, every 
cur will insult over him: but if ho bristle up himself, and stand to it, give 
but a counter-snarl, there's hot a dog dures meddle with him: much is in a 
man's courage and discreet carriage of himself. 
Many other grievances there are, which happen to morta]s in this life, 
from friends, wives, ehildren, servants, masters, companions, neighbours, out 
own defanlts, ignorance, errors, intemperauce, iudizeretion, infirmities, gc., 
and many good remedies to mitigato and oppose them, many divine preeepts 
to counterpoise our heurts, special antidotes both in 8eripture and human 
authors, which, whoso will observe, shall purchase much eaze and quietness 
unto himself: ! will point out a few. Those prophetical, apostolieal admo- 
nitions are well known to ail; wht Solomon, Siraeides, out Sviour Christ 
himself hath said tending fo this purpose, as « Fear God: obey the prince: 

• Mil. glor. Act. 3. Piantus. I Bion sald hic father wa a rogue hi mother &whore to prevent obloqny 
and to show tht nough¢ bclonged to him bue good of the mmd. 



424 Cure ofl[e/ancio/y. [Part. 2. Sec. 3. 
be sober and watch : pry continually: be an but sin net: remember thy 
lt : fhion net youelv te t world, &c., apply youelves te the rimes : 
stve net th a mhty man: rmpengoed for ev let nothing be done 
throngh oenntion or va-glory, but with meeess of mind, every man 
emg of othe betr than eg: love one another;" or that epitome 
of the law and the pphet which our Saviour ct, « love God above 
«1 thy neighbour  thylf; ' and "whaver you would that men should 
de  you, se de un them ;" wch lexander Severus writ  let of 
1 and used  a motte, =Hiem commends te Celantia  an exoellent 
way, amongst se manyenticements and worldlyprovocations, te recty her e. 
Out of human autho taEe the few cautions, "=Know thyl£ Be contented 
with thy lot. =Trot net wealth, buty, ner parasi, they wiH bring th te 
dtmction, °ave pee th ail men, war with 
vefore you 1. rware of, Had I t. s Hono thy parents, spk well 
of iends. Be tempête in four thga, lin, c, oc, et po. 
Watch tne eye. t 5[odora the expees. r muc speak Htle, 
ti  absti. If thou t aught a in another, mend it in thysel Keep 
thhe o oeun reçl net thy soerets, be silent in thine injurions. XGiçe 
net r te tale-Her, babbler, be net scilo in conçetion: Yjest with- 
out bitumes: give no m cae of offenoe: set thine bouse 
heed of suretyship, aF et d,  a fox on the ioe, take heed whom you 
tt. bLive net beyond thy mns. Giçe eheefftdly. Pay thy dues 
hgly. Be net a slave te thy money; d omit net ocion, embce oppor- 
tunity, lose no time. Be humble te thy s,pefio, respeiçe te thine equals, 
affable te ail, °but net faiar. Flatr no mare tLie net, demble net. 
Keep thy word and promise, be eonsnt  a good resolutiom Speak truth, 
Be net opiniative, maintain no ftions. Lay no wage, make no oempari- 
so. gFind no fadSs, meddle net with o$her men's mat. Admire no 
thyl£ hBo hot proud or popular, lnsult hot. Fort erent he. 
iFr hOt tt wch not be avoideL kGrieve hot for that which canno 
be reed.  Undervalue hot thylf, mAce no man, commend no 
hly. Go hOt fo law thout t cause. Strive hot th a ter man. 
Ct hot off an old friend, take heed of a roeonciled enemy. 
 a est stay hot toe long. Be hot unthankful.  meek, mercifuÇ and 
patient. Do goed to ail. Be hot fond of fa word °Be hot a neur in a 
faction; moderate thy passion. P Think no plie thout a tn. qAd- 
monhh thy friend in cret, oemmend him in public. Keep good company. 
rve others to be beloved thyself. A  or. Am r 
. Prode for a tempest. oli iar crr. Do hot prostitute thy 
 for ga. Me hot a fool of thylf to ke othe mers. h[a hot 
an old cmny or a fool for money.  hot over lici or rio. Seek tht 
which may be fod. Seem hot ear than thou art. Take thy plura 
soberly. Ocy  o. Live mey  thou t. tTake heed by 
other men's emples. Go  thou wouldest be met, sit  thou wodt bo 
• Lib. 2. ep. .  oce eelm.  Conten abL • Ne fld opib nue parl 
 prœe«ipitium. Pacem cure hominib hab bellum m vltii$. Othon. 2. imrat. $b. • Doemon 
te nunquam omn inveaiat. Hieron. q Diu deliberdum quod eudum t aemeL  Insipienti$ 
est ceçe non putain. Am parentem, si oequum; iter, fer ; pr ptib pietem, amici$ 
diiectiouem. « Com am. Qd de quoque viro et cui di 
quhm luas; vlve ut v. • Epictet : optime fe $1 e fuge$ 
dige q noli$ eL  Fuge $on. eroentatorem fito, 
• Spond prto noxa. • Carnets. b. 5. ut. 2. cave c ŒEE vel nemiui fld Epi 
• Tecum lta. • Bi$ dat qui cito dal  o$t t ocio lv « Nimia famfliari parit con- 
mpt. « Mdiu seile tium. • Armure neque ctHs ioEç qua um u 
tHor.lib, l. ep. 19. Necaludabisstudiaautieuapd Hor. ep. Hb. 8. tNè 
qives ex  Stm t  quod ri non pot.  De   iepambl ne dol. 
 T e  quti tibl fuel. -- emem vel ud v . - 
mors lon. • Solou lex spud Atel; IH Ub. 2. p. 12.  N  put .iue t 
mper se Deum  q Secretb amioes mon uda paiam, rut sme smabi . Eros 
et auteros gemelli VeueoE amatio etxedamatio. Plat. • Dura fm 



fem. 8. Remedes aganst Dcontents. 425 

îound, Uyleld te the mime, îollow the stream. Wilt thou lire îree îrom îoars 
and cares XLive innocently, keep thyself upright, thou needest no other 
keeper," &c. Look for more in Isocrates, Seneca, Plutarch, Epictctus, 
and îor dcfecm» consulm with cheese-ta'enchers and painted cloth 

IIE[B. VIIL 
A gains$ Melancholy itsdf.. 
«Evv«r man," salth YSeneea, "thinks his own burthen the heavlest,"and 
a melancholy man above ail others complains most; weariness of life, abhor- 
ring ail company and light, îear, sorrov, suspicion, anguish of mind, baslfful- 
ness, and those other.dread symptoms of body and mind, must needs agga-&vate 
this mioery ; yet eompared te other maladies, they are net se heinous as they 
be taken. For first this diseuse is either in habit or disposition, curable or 
;-ncurable. If new and in disposition, 'mis commonly pleasaut, and if muy bo 
helped. If inveterate, or a habit, yet they bave luekla intervalla, sometimcs 
well, and sometimes iii; or if more continuate, as the ZVejentes were te tho 
Romans, 'mis hosti ma#is assiduu quàra #ravi» a more durable enemy thaa 
dangerous: and amongst many inconveniences, seine comforts are annexed te 
it. First it is net catching, and as Erasmus comforted himself when he was 
grievously sick of the stone» though if was most troublesome, and an inoler- 
able pain te him, yet ira was no whit offensive te others, net loathsome te tho 
spectators, ghastly, fulsome, terrible as plagues, apoplexies, leprosies, wounds 
sores, tetters, pox, pesilenm agues are, which either adroit of no company, 
terrify or offend those that are pre.sen. Ia this malady, mhat which is, is 
whoily te themselves: and those symptoms nom se dreadfid, if they be compared 
te the opposite extremes. They are most par bashful, suspicious, 8olitary, &c., 
therefore no such ambitious, imprudent intruders as seine are, no sharkers, no 
conycatchers, no prowIers, no smelI-feasts, praters, paaders, parasites, bawds» 
drunkards, whoremasters; neceasity and cIefecm compe[ them te ho honest, 
as Mitio tord Demea in the acomedy, 
« rtec t neque ego neque tu feelmu 
Bou init eget faeere 
« If we be honesb 'twas poverty ruade us se :" if we melancholy men be nob 
as bad as he that is worst» 'mis our dame melancholy kepm us se: 2Von deera$ 
vluntas sed fa, ultas. " 
Besides theyare freed in this frein many other infirmiLies, solitariness makes 
them more apt te contmplate, suspicion wary, which is a necessary humour 
in these Limes, « ff am 19ol qui ma.vlm eave, la svetge causer cuRSus eU» "he that 
takes most heed, is often circumventd and overtaken." Fear and sorro 
keep them tmperat and sober» and free them frein any dissolute acts, which 
jollity and boldnesa thrust men upon: they are therefore no s£carii, roaring 
boys, thieves or assassins. As they m'e soon dejected, se they are as soon, 
by soft words and good persuasions reared. Wearisomeness of life makes 
them they are net o besotted ou the transitory vain pleasures of the world. 
If they dote in one thing, they are wise and well understanding in most other. 
If if be inveterate, they are insensai, most part doting, or quite mad, insen- 
sible of any wrongs, ridiculous te others, but most happy and secure te them- 
elves. Dotage is a smate which many much magnitr and commend: se i* 
simplicity and folly, as he said, th£cfuror, 6 SUleri, gt rnihi 19erpe2uus. Seine 
think fools and dizzards lire the merricst lires, as Ajax in Sophocles, 2Vihi 
 Dutn furet In eursu eurreutl ced furori. Crtlzaudum eum Crete. Temporlbt er*l, nec ©ontr 
Ilamlna tiare.  Nttlla cervier eustodia ltmocntià : lnexpugnabile munimentum muuimento non egere. 
Y Unicniqne .uurn onu |ntolerabile vRletnr. I Llvicts. aTer. Seen. 2. A{lelphus. b"'Twa.uot 
f3ae will but the wa}" wa wanting." Cf'lautun. d 'etroaiu Cat. 



scire vita.ucundi.ma, "'tis the plessantest life te know nothing; iners ma- 
forum remedium i9wrantia, " ignorance is a downright remedy of eviIs." 
These curions arts and laborious sciences, Ga|en's, Tully's, Aristotle's, Jus- 
tbfiau's, de but trouble the world seine think; we might live better with that 
illiterate Virginian simplicity, and gTOSS ignorance; entire idiots de best, they 
are net macer,ted with cares, tormentcd with fears, and anxiety, as othcr 
,vise men are: for as Che said, if ïolly WCl'e a pain, you should hear them 
howl, roar, and cry out in every house, as you go by in the street, but they 
are most free, jocund, and merry, and in seine fcountries, as amongst the 
Turks, honoured for saints, and abundaut|y maintained out of the common 
stock, g They are no dissemblers, |jars, hypocrites, for fools and madmen 
tell commouly truth. In a word, as thcy are distrêssed, se are they piticd, 
which seine hold better than te Le envied, better te Le sad than mewy, better 
te be foolish and quiet, quàm s«pere e ruji, te be wise and still vexed i Let- 
ter te be misel-able than happ.v: of two extremes if is tho best. 

8ECT. IV. MEMB. I. 
VzSCT. I.--Of -Phvsic which cureth with Meddnes. 
AEa a long and tedious discourse of these six non-natural things and thcir 
sêveral rectifications, all which are comprehended in diet, I ara corne now 
last to lPharmaceutlce, or that kind of physic which cureth by medicines, which 
apothecaries most part make, mingle, or sell in their shops. :Many cavil af 
this kind of physic, and hold if unnecessary, unprofitable to this or any other 
disease, beeause those countries which use if least, ilve longest, and are best 
in health, as 'Hector Boethius relates of the isles of Orcades, the people are 
still sound of body and mind, without any use of physic, they lire commonly 
] 20 yeaa, and Ortelius in his itinerary of the inhabitants of the Forest of 
Arden, "ithey are very painful, long-lived, sound, &e. kMartianus Capella, 
speking of the Indians of lais time, saith, they were (much like our western 
]ndians now) "bigger thart ordinary men, bréd coarsely, very long-lived, inso- 
much, that he that died at a hundred years of age, went before his time" 
&c. Damiamls A-Goes, Saxo-Grammaticus, Aubanus Bohemus, say the like 
of them t.hat lire in orway, Lapland, Finmark, Biarmia: Corelia, all over 
candia, and those northern countries, they are most healthful, and ver T long- 
lived, in which places there is no use at all of physic, the naine of if is hot once 
heard. Dithmarus Bleskenius in his accurate description of Iceland, 1607, 
makes mention, amongst other matters, ofthe inhabitans, and their manner of 
living, "which is dried fish instead of bread, butter, cheese, and zalt meats, 
most part they drink water and whey, and yet without physic or physician, 
they lie many of them 250 years." I flnd the saine relation by Lerius, and 
some other writers, of Indians in America. Paulus Jovius in his description 
of Britain, and Levinns Lemnius, observe as much of this our island, that thero 
was of old no use of mphysic amongst us, and but little af this day, exeept 
be for a few nice idle citizens, surfeiting courtiers, and stall-fed gentlemen 
lubbers. OEhe country people use kitchen physie, and common experience tells 
us, that they lire freest faim all manner of infirmities, that make least use 
ofapothecaries' physic. ]iany are ovetoEhrowa by preposterous use of 



-Mem. 1. Subs. 1.] Medicinal Physge, 27 

thcreby get their banc, that might otherwise bave eseaped : n seine think l,hy- 
sieians kill as rnany as they sve, and who c:m tell, "' o Quoi 'immison œeyros 
autumno occiderit une ?" "How many murders they make in a year," qui- 
bus impunè liet, homlnem oe¢idere, "that may freely kil! folks," anti have . 
reward 'for it, and aecording te the Duteh proverb, a new physicien must 
bave a new church-yard$ and who daily observes it not ]Iany that diti iii. 
uuder physieians' hands, have happily escaped, when they have been givea 
over by them, left te God and nature, and themselves; 'twas lliny's dilemma 
of old, "v every disease is eitlmr curable or incurable, a man recovers of ig or 
is killed by it ; both ways physic is te be rejeeted. If it be deadly it caunoç 
be cured; if it may be helpcd, if requires no physieian, nature will expel iV 
of itelf." Plate ruade ita great sign of au intempertc anti corrupt cornmon- 
wealth, where lawyers and physieiam did abound; and the Iomans distmtc, l 
them se much that they were often banished out of their city, as Pliny ami 
Celsus relate, for 600 years net admitted. It is no art at ail, as ome bol.l, 
no net worthy the naine ofa liberal science (ner law neither), as qPet. And. 
Canonherius, a patrieian of Rome and a great doctor himself, « one of their 
own tribe," proves by sixteen argmnents, because it is mereenary as new use, I, 
base, anti as fiddler i,lay for a reward. Juridicis, medicis, fisco las rivera 
•apto, 'ris a corrupt trnde, no science, arç, no profession; the b%,inning, prac- 
tice, and progress of it, all is nought., full of imposture, uneertainty, and doth 
generally more harm thnn good. The devil himself waz the fiffit inventer of 
if: Iuventunt est medicit. tteub suid Apollo, and whut was Apollo, but the 
devil? The Greeks first ruade au art of if, and they wcre all delud('d by 
Apollo's sons, priests, orades. If we may believe Yarro, Pliny, Columella, 
most of thcir best medicines were derived frein his oracles. JEsculapius lais 
on had his temples crccted te his deity, and did many çamous cm-es; but, as 
Lacmntius holds, he was a magician, a mere impostor, and as his successors, 
:Phaon, Podalirius, ]k[elarnpius, hIcnecrates (aaother god), by charms, spells, 
and ministry of bad spirits, performed most of their cures. The first that ever 
wrote in physic te auy purpçse, waz Hippocratee, and his disciple and commen- 
rater Galen, whom Scaligcr calls Fimbriam iIippocratis; but as  Catlan cen- 
sures them, both immethodical and obscure, as all those old ones are, their 
precepts confusd, their mediciaes obsolete, and new most part rejected. 
Those cures which they did, Paracelsus holds, were rather donc out of their 
patients' confidence, s and good opinion they had of thern, thau out of any skill 
f theirs, which was very small, he saith, they themselves idiots and infants, 
.s are all their aclemical followers. The xabians received if from the 
Greeks, and se the Latins, adding new precepts and medicines of their own, 
but se imperIct still, that through ignorance ofprofessors, impostors, mounte-. 
banks, empirics, disagreeing of sectaries (which are as many almost as there 
be diseases), envy, coveousness, and the like, they de much harm amongst us. 
They are se different in their consultations, prescriptions, mistaking many 
rimes the parties' constitution, t diseuse, and causes of if, they give quite con- 
trary physic; "u one saith this, another that," out of singularity or opposition, 
.s he said of Adrian, tultitudo medicorum princilem interfecit, "a multitude of 
physieians hath killed the emperorf' lus à ,dico quam à norbo pe'iculi, 
"more danger there is frein the physician, than from tle disease." Besides, 
there is much impostttre and malice amongst them. "Ail arts (saith XCardan) 

 Per mortes agunt experimenta et anlmas nostras ncgotlantur; et quod liis exitlale homlncm occidcre, 
ils imptmtas .-umm. Piiutus. °Jttven. POmnis morbs lethalis aut curabili in vitam 
deflnit aut in mortem. Utroqu Igitur mode medicina inutilis ; si lethalis, curarl non potest; si curabills, 
non requirit medicum : vatura ezpellet, qln interpretationcs politico-moralcs in 7 Aphorism. 
H lppoc, libro& r Proeft. de eontrad, med. s Opiio fseit meàicos : a far gown, • etvet cap, 
the naine of s doetor Is ail in ail. t lIorbuu allus pro aile cttrstur; aliud remedium pro aile. u Con- 
trarias profernt seneÇti. 4axL  Lib. & de ag. Omne arte fraudenl admitnmtz sola nl¢,io 



428 Cure f Melancho[y. [Part. 2. Sec. 

adroit of cozenlng, physic, amongst the re•t, doth appropriate if tu herself;" 
and telle a •tory of une Curtius, a physician in Venice; becase he was a 
stranger, and practised amongst them, the test of the physicians did still cross 
lim in ail his preoepts. If he prescribed hot medicines they would prescribe 
cold, mlscentes pro calidls fri9ida, pro frigldis humida, pro purgantibus astrin- 
gentia, binders for purgatives, omnia perturbabant. If the party miseatwied, 
Curtium damnabant, Curtiua killed him, that disagreed from them : if he re- 
eovered, then Ythey eured him themselves. Mueh emulation, imposture, malice, 
there is amongst them : if they be honest and mean well, yet a knave apothe- 
cary that administers the physie, and makes the medieine, may du infinite 
harm, by his old obsolete doses, adulterine dtags, bad mixtures, quid trro quo, 
&e. Sec Fuehsius, lib. 1. sect. 1. cap. 8, Cordus' Dispensatory, and Brassivola' 
Examen simpl. &e. But if is their ignorance that doth more harm than razh- 
ne•s, their art is wholly conjectural, if it be an art, naeertain, imperfect, and 
got by killiag of men, they are a kind of butchers, leeehes, men-slayers i 
chirurgeoas and apotheearies especially, that are indeed the pbysieiaas' laang- 
men, carnifices, and commun executioaers; though tu say truth, physicians 
themselves corne hot far bebind ; for according tu that faeete epigram o£ 
:hIaximilianua Urentius, what's the differenee  
 Chirurgiens medico quo diff.rt  sciilcet lsto» 
Enecat hic succi$, enecat file manu : 
Carniflce hoc ambo tantum differre videntur» 
Tardiùn bi facittut qxod facit file cit." • 
]3ut I return tu their 8kill i many diseases they cannot cure at ail, a apo- 
llexy, epilepsy, atone, stranguT, gout, 'ollere nodosam ne•uit medicina 
Podar«; a quartan amles, a commun ague smetimes etumbles them ail, 
they cannot su much as case, they know hot how tu judge of if. Ifbypulses, 
that doctrine, ome hold, is wholly superstitious, and I date boldly say with 
b Andrew I)udeth, "that variety of puises, described by Galen, is nelther 
observed nor understood of any." ,nd for urine, that is rneret'z mxlicorum, 
the muet deceitful thing of ail, as Fore•tus and some other physicians havo 
proved af large : I say nothing of critic days, errors in indications, &c. The 
muet rationai of them, and zkilfid, are eu offert deceived, that as Tholosnus 
inïers, "1 had rather believe and commit myself tu a mere empiric, than tu a 
raere doctor, and I cannot suflàcientlycommend that cmtom ofthe ]3abylonians, 
that bave no professed physiciaus, but bring ail their patients tu the market 
tu be cured :" which ]rIerodotus relates of the Eyptians: Strabo, Sardus, and 
ubanus ]3ohemus of many other nations. And those that precribed physic, 
amongst them, did hot eu arrogantly take upon them tu cure ail di8eazes, as out 
professors du, but some une, some another, as their skill and experience did 
serve; "dune cured the eyes, a second the teeth, a third the head, another 
the lower parts," &c., hot for gain, but in charit.y tu du good, they ruade nei- 
ther art, profession, nor tr-le of it, which in other places was accustomed: 
and therefore Cambyses in e Xenophon told Cyrus, that tu his thinking phy- 
siciaus "were like tailors and cobblers, the une mended our sick bodies, as the 
other did out clothes." ]3ut I will urge these cavilling and contumelious 
arguments no farther, lest some physician 8hould mistake me, and deny me 
physic when I ara sick: for my part, I ara well persuaded of physic: I can 
diztinguJsh the abuse from the use, in this and many other art and sciencezj 

Y Omnls oegrotus proprià eu]p perlt, sed nemo nisl medici beneflclo retituitur. A grippa, •" How 
doe the urgeon differ from the doctor I in this rspect : une ki/Is by drupe» the oti,er by the hand ; both 
unly differ from the hangmau ill thia way, they du sowly what he doe in an staut." a ,, Medlcine 
¢anuot cure the knotty gout." b Lib. 3. Crat. ep. Wlnclao Rsphoeuo. Atmim dicre, tut pttlsuum 
differenti, qn decrlbtmt-tu" ]t Galeno, ec ]t qtoqtm in/elllgi nec olei-varl lo.œe. © Llb. 28. cap. 
ynta.x. m't. mtrab. Mallem ego expert credere olum quam t  rattoclnantibu : neque tis laudaro 
loum lnstitutum Babyloulcum, &c. d Herod. Euterpe d Eg211tll. Apud eus singulorum morborttm 
sunt sinffull m .edicl; aliu• curat oculo, ælitm deate alitm ,put Iartoe oc¢ult alltm.  Cjrrip. llb. 
Nrelut vettu raetrttm rrelgtor & 



]em. 1. Sub-. 2.] .l[ediei, zal-Phye. 
fA llud num, alud r2, wine and drunkenne are two distinc things. 
I acknowledge if a most noble and divine scienoe, in so mueh thaç Apollo, 
«Eulapius, and the first fondera of i,  pro di bi, wero worthfly 
eounted gods by suceoeding agi, for  exceHency of çhe inventiom And 
where ApoHo a Delos, Venus at Cyprus, Diana af Ephus, and tho other 
gods were confined and adored alone in some pecdiar plaoes: scupi had 
his mple and alars eveoE where, in Corinth, Ldoemon, Athens, Thebes, 
Epidaus, &c. Patnius cords, for the titude of s ar, diety, wmh, 
and nessity. With all viruous and w men therefore I honour the naine 
and calIing,  I ara enjoin "fo hono the physicn for neoessits ke. 
Tho knowledge of the physician fteth up h hd, and  the ght of eat 
men he shoe be admd. The rd bath created medicines of the rh, and 
he that  w 11 hot abhor them," cl. lv 1. But of ts noble sub- 
iect how many negyrics are worthfly writn For my p, 
of Cartha, a se m puc dicere;  bave id, yet one thing 
will add, that flfis kind ofphysie very meraly and advioedly to be , 
upon good ocion, when the fooe of et will hot take pl. d 't no 
other whieh  y, en that which Arnoldus pseribes in s 8. Aphorm. 
"çA discreet and goodly physician doth fit endeavour to exil a e by 
medicinal diet, then by pure medicine:" and  his ninth, "he that may ho 
cured by et, must hot meddle with phyfic." So in 11. Aphorism. "i A modest 
and wi physiciau wl never hteu to use medicin, but upou urgent 
neceity, and that sringly too :" be ( he ad  h 13. Aphorm.), 
"kWhooeever k much physic in his yout shall soon bewail it   old 
age:" ptive physic esicially , which doth much debita natte. For 
wch cauoes some æhicians refrain from the e of purgatives, or el 
sparingly u thcm. iHenricm Ayres  a consultation for a melancholy 
pcon, would bave him take as fvw pges  he could, "bu there be no 
uch mecinea, wch do hot sal away some of otw strength, and rob the 
par ofo body, wken nature, and cau that caoechya," which mOelsus 
and othe orve, or dl digtion, and bad juice through ail the pas ofit. 
Galen h ie confeeth, « » that pmative phyc is oentrary to natte, tas 
away some ofo best spirits, and consum the very subsnce of our bo :" 
ut t without question, is   understo of such purg  are sea- 
nably or immoderately taken : thçv bave their excellent u in this,  well 
 most other infirmities. Of altemtives and cordials no man doubts, be they 
simples or compods. I wiH amongst that infinite vafiety of medices, 
wch I find  every pharmaoepoe, evet T physicn, hoebat, &c., single out 
some of the chiefes 
SuE. II.Simp oper fo [encl, affalns 
$IrDlc prorly applied to melancholy, are either sple or oempod. 
Simples are alrativo or putative. lterafiv are such  coe, 
stngthen nature, alter, any way hder or rist the dse; and they ho 
herbs» ston, minerals, &c., ail pror to t humo. For as ther« be 
dive tinct firmiti contiuuaHy veng us, 
o « Noo, " &0pwoo, ç p " wt «i [ "Dees steal both day d nlght on men, 
¢pavol ço«¢ gaa To¢ poff or Jupiter th  voioe om them :'* 
I 
So there be sever rcmedieg  p he saith, « ch dee a me&che, for evc 
¢Cha hom ¢ Pdena et pi mieus, morbum ante expeIIere sata tibia medicinaIib, qnam 
LC=;.;" h Cuicunnue tt poe men rtit sanit fend t penit  me 
mento, i Modt et sspte mc ngusm properabtt  phactm» nm gente uetate. 
k Qcunque phast  juventutÇeflebiçin eece. _. Hdh. Çc. 2.e el. foL  c i 
t feè mica pgï g non qnam a m e¢ pnv com aepa. _ v. 
Ba b. 8. cap. 12. De ct. nt. 0rune pur macan cçr pg 
ænccos et spiHtus abdnci sutanflam corpor aufe. Hea. op. 



430 Çure of .lf dancfioly. [Part. 

h,tm,,ur; and as seine hold, every clime, every country, .'md more than that, 
every ptvate place hath hh proper remedies growing ia if, peculir almost 
te th dumineering and most frequeat maladies of it. & qone discourseth, 
"wormwood growegh sp&ringly in Italy, bec,use most part there they be mis- 
affected with hot diseases: but henbaae, poppy, au,l. such cold herbs: with us 
it Germaay and Poland, great store of it in evct T waste." laracellus ttwrto 
yeniali, and Baptista Porta Physiog,onicoe lib. 6. cap. 23, give maay instances 
sud exaatplc f it, and bring mauy other proofs. For that cause belike tha 
I -.rned Fuchsins of Nuremburg, " rwhcn he came into a village, considered 
,lays what herbs did grow most frequently about it, and those he distilled in 
, silver alembic, moeng use of others amongst them as occasion serve&" 
kmw that many are of opinion, our northeru simples are veak, imperfect, net 
o well concocted of such force, a those in the outhern parts, net se fit te ho 
ued in physic, and will therefore fetch their drugs afar off: senna, cassis out 
of «.gypt, rhubarb frein Barbary, aloes frein Soeotra: turbith, ag:ric, myro- 
t,al;mes, hermodactils, front the East Indies, tbacco frein tire Wet, and aome 
vs far as China, hellebore frein the Antycirœe, or that of &ustria which bears 
t',m purple fleurer, which Matthiolus o much approves, and se of the test. Ia 
tlm kingdom of Valencia in Spain, SIaginus commeuds two mountains, 
I,ariola and tenagolosa, famous for simples; t Leander &lbet'tus, = Baldus 
mountain near the Lake Venaus in the tem'itory of Verona, te which ail tho 
hrbalLsts in thc country continually flock; Ortelius one in Al»uijs , lIuuster, 
Zlous major in Istria: others Montpelier in France; Prosper _h_ltintt prefera 
Egyptian simples, Garcias ab Hotte Indian before the test, anothcr those of 
l-.dy, Crete, &c. Iaay rimes they at over-curious in thi kiud, whom 
Fuchzius taxeth, Ltit. l. 1. sec. 1. cap. 1. "Xthat think they de nothing, 
except they rake all over Iadia, rabia, Ethiopia, tbr remedies, and feteh their 
l»hysic ri'oto the thrcc quarters of the world, and tk-om beyond thc Garmantes. 
I:my au old wife or country woman doth ofet more good with a few known 
and common garden herbs, than our bombast pllysiciaus, with ail their prodi- 
gious, sumptuous, far-t'etehed, rare, conjecturaI mudicines;" without ail ques- 
tion if wc bave net these rare exotic simples, we hold that ai home vhich i in 
virtue equivaleat unto thcm, ours wili surve as well as theim, if they be taken 
i:t proportionable quantity, fitted and qualificd aright, if no much better, and 
htore proper te out constiutions. But o 'ris for thc most part, a 1)liuy writea 
te Gallus, "YWe are carcless ofthat wlfich is near us, and tbllow that which is 
«:fa» off, te know which we will travel and aail bcyond the scas, wholly neglcct- 
ing that which i tmder our eyes." Opium in Turlrey dvth scarce off«nd, with 
us in a small quantity it stnpifies: cicut or hemlock is a strong poison 
Greece, but with us it bath no such violent effccts: I conclude with I. Voschius, 
• vho as he much inveighs against those exotic medicines, se he promiseth by 
out Earopean, a full cure and absolute of ail diseases; à capite ad 
".ostroe re/jioni iwrbæ nostria corToribus matis coulacuu, out ova iml»le 
agree best with us. t was a thing that Feraelias much laboured in 
)'rench practice, te reduce all his cure te out proper and domestic physic: 
did Janus Cornarius, and Martin Rulandus fit Germany, T. B. with us, as 
alTcareth by a trati.e of lais divulg4E in out toague 1615, te prov tho suffi- 



Mem. 1. Sub 3.] ledi¢inalPhys. o 

ciency of English medicines, te the cure of all manner of diseuses. If out 
simples be net altogether of such force, or se apposite, if may be, if liko 
industry were used, those far-fetched drugs would prosper as well with us, as 
in those couatries wheace new we bave °hem, as welI as cherries, atichokes, 
tobacco, and many such. There bave beeu diverse worthy physiciaus, which 
bave tried exoelleut conclusions in this kind, and many diligent, painful 
apothecaries, as Gesner, Bslr, Gerard, &c., but amongst the res° those t;mous 
public gardens of Padua in Italy, uremburg in Grmany, Leydea in Hol- 
land, lIontpelier in France (and ours in Oxford new infieri, at the ces° and 
charges ofthe Right Hoaourable the Lord Danve,-, Earl of Daaby), are much 
te be commended, wherein ail exotic plants almost are te be seen, and liberal 
allowance yearly ruade for their ber°er maintenance, that young students may 
be the sooner informed in the knowledge of °hem: which as aFuchsius holds, 
"la mes° necessary for that exquisite manner of curing," and as great a shame 
for a physician net te observe °hem, as for a workmaa net te know his axe, 
sav, square, or ay other tool which he mus of necessity use. 

Sum.c. III.Alteratlvea, tlerba, otMr Iregaables, &c. 
/kto.xçs these 800 simples, vhich Galeottus reckons up, l/b. 3. de promue. 
doctor, cap. 3, and many exquisite herbalists hve written ot these few fo|lov- 
ing alone I find appropriated te this humour: of which seine be alteratives; 
"bwlfich by a accru° force," mith Renodoeus, « and special quality expel future 
diseuses, perfectly cure those which are, and many such incurable effects." 
This is as vell observed in other plants, stoaes, minerals, and creatures, as in 
horbs, in other maladies as in this. 14ow many things are related ofa man's 
skull What several virtues of corns in a horacleg, of a volFs liver, &e. 
Of adiverse exeremeats of beasts, all good against several diseuses  
extraordinary virtues are ascribed unto plants  Oqatyrium et eruca l)enen 
erÉ/unt, ri°ex et nymphea semen extinguunt, rsome herbs provoke lus°, seine 
again, as agnus cas°us, water4ily, quite extiaguisheth seed; poppy causeth 
sleep, cabbage resisteth druakenaess, &c., sud that which is more te be 
mired, that such and such plants shou|d bave a peculiar virtue te such parti- 
cular parts, gas te the head, anisecds, foalfoot, beony, calamiat, eye-bright, 
lavender, bays, roses, rue, sage, marjoram, peony, &c. For the lungs, calamiat, 
liquorice, eaula campana, hyssop, hoïehouad, water germaader, &e. For °ho 
heax% borage, bugloss, saffron, balm, basil, rosemary, violet, roses, &c. For 
the stomach, wormwood, rein°s, betony, haire, centaury, sorrel, purslaim For 
the liver, darthspiae or camoepitis, germander, agrimoay, feanel, endive, suc- 
cory, liverwor, barberries. For the spleen, maideahair, fingerfrn, dodder 
of thyme, hop, the riad of sh, betony. For the kidneys, grumel, parsley, 
saxifraoe, plantain, mallow. For the vomb, mugwor, peanyyal, fetherfew, 
savine, &c. For the joints, camomile, St. John's wort, organ, rue, cowslips, 
centaury the less, &c. And se te peculiar diseuses. Te this of melancholy 
you shall find a catalogue of herbs proper, and that in every part. Sec more 
in Vecker, lenodœeus, Heuraius, l/b. 2. cap. 19, &c. I will briefly speak of 
°hem, as fim of alteratives, which Galea in his third book of diseased parts, 
pretrs beibre diminutives, and Trallianus bra, that he bath donc mer, 
cures on melancholy men àby moistening, than by purging of °hem. 
.Bqrage. ] In this catalogue: borage and bugloss may challenge the chiefcst 
place, wheçher in substance, juiee, roots, aeeds, flowers, leaves, decoctions, 
• lnstlt. I. 1. cap. 8. sec. 1. ad exquisitam curandi rationem, quoram ¢ognitio imprimis uecessaria est. 
b Quœe coeea ri ac specittca qualitate morbos futures •r¢ent, lib. 1. cap °0. lnstit. Phar. c Galon. lib. 
lupi epatico» ©uat. 4 Stercus pecoris al Lpilepsianl, &c. • Priustpint|e, rocker. . 
fa:{um educi¢, g Weeker. Vide OawIdum CroHiurn, }iD. de internia rerum signaturiss de herb i largi- 
cuJibu a.l Cn,u conveientib*m, h]de.,m Lam-e, ntiu cap. 9. 



dii]led waters, extracts, oil, &e., for such kin,l of herbs ho diverly varie& 
]ugloss is hot and mot, and thereforo worty rkoned up amont th 
herbs wch exil melancholy, and iexte the beaU, ale l. 6. cap. 
80.  simpl. . Difid, lib. 4. p. 123. Py mueh magnifi thLa 
plt. It y be diveely ed;  in broth, in k w in conserv, sups, 
c. It h an exoeHent cordial, and at t mdy most equently pro- 
s.'fibed; a herb indd of such sovereignty, that  Diodor/. 7.bl. 
lib. 25. p. 2.  l. 21. cap. 2. Plurch,j»pos. llb. 1. cap. 1. Dioscod 
lib. 5. p. 40. Coelim, l&. 19. c. B. suppose it w tht famom Nepenth of 
 ] [orner, wch Polydamn Thonh's wffe (thon g of Thebes  Egypt), 
I[ole for a tokeu of such rare viue, "tt ff taken steeped in wiae, if 
and cdren, father and mother, brother and ster, and all thy drest ien 
shodd e before thy face, thou eodt hot ieve or sd a te for theoE" 
 Qal aemel Id parera mtum Nepth Iaceho 
Huri hic lacham, n si uavima prol 
Si ges ei ch% arque prque 
Oppeh teocos feo nfo aocl." 
]Ie]ens commended bowi to exhara the hrt, had no other edient 
 ost of out criti conjecture, than this f borage. 
a.] Meli balm bath an admible viue to alr melancholy, be 
seped in out ordinary drk, extrd, or otherse ke Carda l. 8. 
much aires thh herb. It k¢ata d dri, ith mHeui, in the sond 
d%ee, with a wonder rtue comforts the h, and purgeth 
choly vapou from the spffit attol. in l. . cap. 10. in 
d they che other rtu to i h "n  help concoction, to clea the 
bn, expel a ref thoughts, and ano imaginati:" the me words 
in effect are in Aoenn liny, Simo Set Fuchsius, obe], Delampi 
and eve herbalist. otng tter for  that is mecholy t to steep 
t ad be   ordinary 
Mttol, h  fifth bk of Mecal Epistles, recko up scone 
"Onot ainst poison only, fg cess, and such  are vertigo, bnt 
to th mady; the root of it ten by it]f expe sorrow, OEth 
and ghtn ofhrt." 
Antoni M, tt oenowned physician to Coeur Aust in  book 
which ho t of the u of betony, cap. 6. wouderfy commends tt 
loEb, anim minum  ca tod, swur  t r, it prerv 
both boEly and d, fmm f, café, iefs; cur g sice t and 
many other , to whom ea subscrib, l&. 7. slml. . Difid, 
lib. 4. cap. 1. &c. 
old  much approved ait mencholy, and oen ed therefo 
out ora brot  g aga t and many other  
.] Lnp hop, is a soverei remedy; Fuchsi p. 58. P. 
uch extoh it; "Pit pg  choler, and pfi the bl& attoL p. 
1 0. in 4. Dbs. wondem the physic of hh rime e no more  of 
if, b it mrifi and clth : we  it to t pse  out ory 
beer, wch befo w tck d fume. 
Vormwo, oenta, peoyM, are e maed d ranch pr 
fid ( I shal[ r show), plly in hochoni mecholy, dafly 
 be , sod  whey: and  ua Eph aeus rela, by bg 
wd, helping oenoectio y mencholy men ve beea ced with th¢ 
quent  of them one. 



]Iem. 1.8aSs. 4.] .3Iedlcnal l°hgsc. 4-J3 

And because the slleen and blood are ofteu misaffectcd in mel.mcholy, I 
may hot omit endive, succory, daudelion, fumitory, &c., which cleause the 
blood. olopendri, cascuta, ceterache, mugwort, liverwort, ash, tmrisk, 
gcnist, maidenhair, &c., which must help and case the spleu. 
To theso I may acld roses, violets, capers, featheriw, scordiam, stoechas, 
rosemary, ros solis, saffrou, ochyme, sweet apples, wine, tobucco, sauders, &c. 
That Peruviau chamico, nonsrosâ faculate, &c., Liushcosteus Datura; and 
to such as are cold, the • decoction of guaiacum, China, sarsaparilla, sassafras, 
the flowers of carduas benedictus, which I fiud mach used by ]Iontanus in his 
Consultations, Julius Alcxandrinas, Loelius Eugubinus, and othcrs, a]ernardus 
Penottus prcfers his herbu solis, or Dutch sinda% before all the rest in this 
disease, "and will adroit of no herb upon the earth to be comparable fo it." 
It excels ttomer's moly, cures this, falling sickncss, and almost ail other infir- 
inities. The saine Penottus speks of an excellent balm out of Aponeusig, 
which, takeu to the quautity of three drops in a cup of wine, "twil! cause  
suddcn alteration, drive away dumps, and cheer up the heurt." Ant. Guiane- 
rius, in his Antidotary, hath many such. u Jacobus de Dondis the aggregator, 
repeats ambergrease, nutmegs, and allspice amongst the rest. But tiret cnnot 
be gcneral. Amber and spice will make a hot braiu mad, good for cold and 
moisi. Garcias ab I=[orto bath mauy Indian plants, whoso virtues he mach 
nagnifies in this discase. Lemnius, gnstit, cap. 58. admires rue, and com- 
mends it to hure excellent virtue, "x to expel vain imanations, devils, and 
to ease affiicted souls." Other things are mach magnified ï by writcrs, as an 
old cock, a ram's heud, a wolf's henri borne or catch, which Mcrcurialis ap- 
iroves; Prosper Altinus, the water of :Nilus; Gomesius ail sea-water, and ai 
seasonble rimes to be sea-sick: goat's milk, whey, &c. 
8vsEc:r. IV.P.recous Sones» Metals, Minerals» 
PtEcmvs stoues are diversc]y censred; many explode the use of them or 
any mineral in physic, of whom Thomas Erastus is the chier, in h/s tract 
against Paracelsus, and in an epistle of his to leter hlonavius, "z That stones 
cu work any wondcrs, let them believe that list, no man shall persuade me; 
for my part, I h.ve foand by expcrienoe thcre is no virtue in them." But 
Iatthiolus, in his comment upon  Dioscorides, is as profuso ou the othe 
side, in their commeadatiou; so is Cardau, lnodeus, Alardus, Rueus, Eucelias, 
Iarbodcus, &c. b Mtthiolus specifics in coral: and Oswaldus Crollius, Bas'l. 
Chym. prefcrs the sali of coral. Christopb. Encelius, lib. 3. cap. 131. will 
bave them to be as so.many several medicines against melancholy, sorrow, leur, 
dulness» and the like;  Renodoeas admires them, "besidesthey adora kings' 
erowns, grace the figers, enrich our household stuff, defcad us fmm enchant 
ments, prescrve he_lth, cure diseases, they drive away grief, carss» and ex]ai- 
larate the m/ad." The particulars be these. 
Granatus, a prccious stone so called, becaus it is like the kernels of a pome- 
gruau, te, and imperfect kind of ruby, if cornes from Calecut; "* if hung about 
the neck, or taken in drink, it much resisteth sorrow, and recreates the heurt." 
ïhe sme properties I find ascribed to the hyacinth and topaz, fThey allay 

• Heurnlus, I. . consll. 185. Scoltzil consil. "/7. a F,ef. lenr. med. Omu cspt dolor  
ph«umats to; sciM nam herbam m teis hc comparas,« vlribus e bomtate nci. t tim 
,tedicamenum iu celerl cord confoatlon et ad omu q ttG &c. u Rondoletl. 
Çuod vlm hsbct mam ad hiltatem et mul pro $eto bahut. ke ob. med. cen. 5. ob. . 
 Affiict men releva anl anaon e mon expert. Y cken Md 1. 
s Cra$on ep. vol. 1. Cret q t gemm mirsbflia ec;  Ç et ratione st eentis dldici 
al,t rem haber nu facile perdebit   verum.  L. de gemmis, b Mgtoe et 
¢oraH ad mechom prœecipue vent, e Marg et goe pt confot et r me- 
¢holi ganL d roefat.  p. pree. Hb. 2. sect. 2. de at. m. Re ron o 
laranç tritiam pelluuL • Enceli I. 3. c. 4. Suspens vel ebibit tstitioe mtum rstiç et  



43 Cure of 3Iclancloy. [Part. 2. Sec. 

anger, grief, diminish maclness, much delight and exhilarte the nind. "• If if 
be either earried about, or taken in a potion, it will increase wisdom," saith 
Cardan, "expd fear; he bra that he hath cured many madmen with it, 
which, when they laid by the stone, were as mad again as ever they were st 
first." Petrns Bayerus, l/b. 2. ca/. 13. veni mecum, Fran. ltteus, cap. 19. de 
9emmls, say as much of the chrysolite, h a friend of wisdom, an enemy te 
foily. Pliny, lib. 37, Solinus, ca19. 5°,, Albertns de Lapid., Cardan., Encelins, 
lib. 3. cap. 66. highly maguifies the virtue of the beryl, "i it much avails te a 
good understanding, represseth vain conceits, evil thoughts, causeth mirth," 
&e. In the belly of a swallow there is a stone round called chelidonius, 
,, k which if it be lapped in a fuir doth, and tied te the right a«m, wiil cure 
lunatics, madmen, make them amiable and merry." 
There is a kind of ony-x OElled a chalcedony, which bath thi same qualifies, 
,,! avails much against fantaztic illusions which proceed frein melaacholy," 
preserve the vigour and good estate of the whole body. 
The Eban stone, which goldsmiths use te sleeken their gold with, borne 
about or given te drink, m hath the saine properties, or net much unlike. 
Lovinns Leranns, Institut. ad. vit. cap. 58. amongst other jewels, makes 
mention of two more notable; carbuncle and coral, "= which drivo away 
childish fears, devils, overcome sorrow, and hung about the neck repress 
troublesome dreams," which propetoEies almost Cardan gives te that green- 
coloured ° eranaetris if it be carried about, or worn in a ring; Ruens te tho 
diamon& 
lgieholas Cabeus, a ;Iesuit of Ferrara, in the first book of his ]ffagnetical 
lhilosophy, cap. 3. speaking of the virtues ofa loadstone, recites many severM 
opinions; seine say that if it be taken in parcels inward, si quisper fruits 
voret, juventutem restituer, it will, like viper's wine, restore one te his youth; 
and yet, if carried about thera, others will bave it te cause melanchoiy ; ht 
experience determine. 
Mereurialis admires the emerald for ifs virhxes in pcifying all affections of 
the mind; others the sapphire, which is "the p fairest of ail preeions stones, of 
sky colour, and a great enemy te black choler, frees the mind, mends mannerg" 
&e. Jacobns de Dondis, in his catalogue of simples, bath amberase, os in 
corde cervf, q the bone in a stag's heart, a monocerot's horn, bezoar's stone 
(rof which ehewhere), if h found in the bdly of a little beazt in the East 
Iadies, brought into Europe by Hollanders, and out countrymen merehants. 
lgenodeus, cap. 22. lJ). 3. de ment. med. saith he saw two of these beast alive, 
in tho castlo of tho Lord of Vitry st Couber. 
Lapis lazuli and armenus, because they purge, sha11 be mentioned in their 
place. 
Of the test in brief thus much I will add out of Cardan, l,enodeus, cap. 9.3. 
l/b. 3. Xondoletiua, l/b. 1. de Testat. c. 15, &c. "• That almost al1 jewels and 
preeions stones bave excellent virtues te pacify the affections of the mind, for 
which canse rieh men se much covet te bave them : t and those smal]er tmions 
which are round in shel]a amongst the Persians and Indians, by the consent of 
ail writers, are very cordial, and most part avail te the exhilaratioa of the 
heurt. 
• Lapis hic getat sut ehlbitu prudentiam auget, noeturnos timore pel]it ; lsanos hec s&neri, et 
qnum lapidera ebjecerint,erupit itertm tultiti h lnducit sapientim, rugit tultkism. Idem 
Cardaal.% |uneticos jnvet, i Coufert ad honum |utellectum, comprimit mala cogitatione.% &c. Alacre 
reddit, kAlbertua, Eneelina, cp. /4.]ib. 3. Pli.]Jb.;7. cap. 10. Jacobade Dondis: dextrobrschio 
ligatus anat hmtticos, intanos, fscit amebiles, jucnudo. 1 Valet contr ldlsrtttica. l]lusiones ex 
elancholie. m Amentes sanat, tristitiam pellit, item, &.e. n Valet ad fugandos timores et 
demones, turbulente somn abiKit, et nocturnos puerorum timores eompesclt, o Somnie Ioeta factt 
argenteo ennulo gesttus.  Atrae bill sdverstur t 0rnninm gemmarum pu_eherrtma coeli colorera 
refert antmum rb errore tiberat, morea in meliu. mutt, q Longts moeroribus feliciter medetur, 
defiqnii& &c. tSee. e. Memb. 1. Subs. 5. s GestsmeU lapidum et gemmerum matlmum fert 
auxdium et nvsmen; unde qui ditea suntgemmss seeum ferre student, t Margarite et unlone qum 
& cone.ki et liaibas elm4 Yere et Indoe raide cordies surir, &e. 



Mcm. 1. Snbs. 4.] Me//clna P/,ys/v. » 435 

Minera/s.] Most men say as much of gold and some other minerals, as these 
]ave done of precious stones. Erastus still maintains the opposite part. 
pu. in Paracelsum, cap. 4.fol. 196. he confesseth of gold, "Uthat it makea 
the hea merry, but in no other sense but as if is in a miser's chest:" 
nild pudo simul a ummos conpor in arcS, as he said in the poet, it ao 
revlves the spirits, and is an excellent recipe against melacholy, 
x For çold in phyMc i a cordial 
2"herÇore he lovd gold in special. 

A urum potabile, Yhe discommends and inveighs against if, by reason of ths 
zorrosive waters which are used in it : which argument our Dr. Gain urgeth 
against D. Antonius.  Erastus concludes their philosophical stones and pot- 
able gold, &c., "to be =o better than poison," a mere imposture, a non ens; 
dug out of that broody bill belike this golden stone is, ubl nas«tur rhlivu2us 
nus. Parcelsus and hi chemistical iollowers, as so many Promethei, will 
fetch tire from heaven, will cure ail manner of diseases with minerals, ccoun 
ing them the ouly phyic ou the other side. Faraelsus calL C¢alen, ttippo- 
crates, altd all their dherents, infants, idiots, sophisters, &c. Apages/s/s0s 
qui Vuleanias isas metamorphosez sugillan$, inscitioe soboles, s«tpinoe pertinacice 
almnnos, &c., not worthy the naine of physicians, for want of these remedies: 
and brags that by them he can make a man live 160 years, or to the world's 
end, with their bAlexipharmacums, Panaveas, Mummias, unguentum Arma- 
,'ium, and such magnetical cures, Zampa vi e mortls, Balneum IDianw, 
alsamum, ,Electrur lagico-physivum, A multa Martial[a, &c. What will hot 
he and his followers effcctl He brags, moreover, that he was primus medi- 
covum, and did more famous cures than ail the physicians in Europe besides, 
« a drop of his preparutions should go ïarther than a drachm, or «unce of 
theirs," those loathsome and fnlsome iilthy potions, heteroclitical pills (so he 
calls them), home medicines, ad quormn aspoetu:n Cyclops tolyp/wmus ex]wr- 
ezcere, And thcugh some condemn their skill and magnetical cures as tend- 
ing to macal superstition, witchery, charms, &c., yet they aAmire, stiflty 
vindicate neverthcless, and infinitely prefer them. But these are both in 
extremes, the middle sort approve of minerals, though hOt in so high a degree. 
Lemnius, l/b. 3. cap. 6. de occul, nat. mit. commends gold inwardly and ou 
vardly used, as in rings, excellent good in medicines; and »uch mixtures as 
are ruade for melaucholy men, ith Wecker, rd/d. spec. l/b. 1. fo whom 
lenodœeus subscribes, llb. 2. cap. 2. Ficiuus, lib. 2. cap. 19. FeraeL meh. med. 
lib. 5. cap. 21. el Cardiacis. Daniel Sennertus, lib. 1. part. 2. cap. 9. Auder- 
nacus, Libavius, Quercetanus, Oswaldus Croilius, Euvonymus, Rubeus, and 
]VIatthiolus in the fourth book of his Epistles, Andreas à Blawen est. ad 
A[atthiolum, as commended and formerly used by Avicenna, Arnoldus, and 
many others: aMatthiolus in the saine place approves of potable gold, mer- 
cury, with many such chemlcal confections, and goes so fr in approbation of 
them, that he holds "eno man can be an excellent phyician that bath not 
some skill in chemistical distiilations, and that chronic diseases can hardly be 
cured without minerai medicies:" look for ntimony among purgera. 

u Aurum loetitlam generat, non in corde, sed lu arc$ vtrorum, • Chaucer. Y Aurrn non 
qoxiurn oh aquaa rodente, • Ep. ad blonavium. letailica omnla in universum quovimodo parta nec 
lut n commodè lna co mi.  In par. Stultim pfl occipit mei plus scit qu.omn . 
vffi doctor et crum mr annuH dtioroe eunt qum vter Gen et Ann barbt me 
iue experts t qum vffoe omn Ami b Vide Em Bafi, et. Frer. 8vo. 
I 611. Cro d othe e PI pflct t me qm tot  h et  d 
Itul¢ pr« mod indulgenç  ei non  mum, non ¢u abJi¢id oen.  Aim 
dioere nemlnem mic exllentem, qui non  bac dtiHone y t vem Morbi o 



EVSEC'r. V.--Compound a[teratives ; c¢r«re of compouncs, and mlxed phys. 
1)I,r'Y, l/b. 2L c. 1, bitterly taxeth all compound medicines, "f]Ien's 
knavery, imposture, and captions wits, bave invented these shops, in whicb 
every man's lire is set te sale: and by and by came in those compositions and 
inexplicable mixtures, far-fetched out of India and Arabia; a medicine for a 
botch must be had as çar as the Red Sea." And 'ris net without cause which 
he saith; for o¢ of question they are much te gblame in their compositions, 
whilst they make infinite variety of mixtures, as h Fuchsius notês. «They think 
they get themse.lves great credit, excel others, and te be more |earned than 
the rest, because they make many variatious» but he accounts them fools, and 
vhilst they brag of their skill» and think te get themselves a naine, they 
become ridictdou, betray their igaorance and errer." A few simples well 
prepared and understood, are better than such a heap of nonseuse, confused 
compounds, which are in apothecaries' shops ordinarily sol& "In which many 
vain, superfluous, corrupt, exolete, things out of date are te be had (saith (or- 
narius); a company of barbarous names given te syrups, juleps, an unneces- 
sary company of mixed medicinesi" 'udis bdigetaxtu¢ moles. ]Iany rimes (as 
Agrippa taxeth), there is by this means « imore danger frein the medicine 
than frein the disease," when they put togethor they know net v;hat, or leave 
if te an illiterae apothecary te be ruade, they cause death and horror for 
health Those old physicians had no such mixtures; a simple potion of helle- 
bore in Hippocrates' rime was the ordinary purge; and ai this day, saith 
kMat. Piccius, in that flourishing commonwealth of China, "their physicians 
-give precepts quite opposite te ours, net unhappy in their physic; they use 
altogether mots, herbs, and simples in their medicines, and all their physic la 
« manner is comprebended in a herbal: no science, no school, no art, no 
deee, but like a trade, every man in private is instructed of his toaster." 
ICardan cracks that he can cure all diseases with water alone, as Hippocrates 
of old did most infirmi'ties with one medicine. Let the best of our rational 
physicians demonstrate and give a suflïcient reason for those inhcate mix- 
tures, why just se many simples in mithridate or trea¢le, why such and such 
quantity i may they net be reduced te haff or a quarter  ]?rustrafit per plra 
(as the saying is) ywdfiepoestperpauciora; 300 simples in ajulep, potion, 
or a little pill, te what end or purpose? I know net what mAlkindus, (api- 
vaccius, ontagna, and Simon Eitover, the best of them all and most rational, 
bave said in this ]Snd; but neither he, they, ner any one of them, gives hia 
reader, te myjudgment, that satisfaction which he ought; why such, se many 
eimples log. ]acon hath taxed many errm in his tract  gradationibus, 
explained seine things, but net cleared. Iercurialis, in his book de composi. 
mede«'n, gives instance in Hamech, and Philonium lomanum, which Hamech 
an Arabis, and Philonius a loman, long since composed, but cra,¢s as the 
rest. If they be se exact, as by ldm it seems they were, and those mixtures 
o perfect, why doth Fernelius alter the one, and why is the other obsolete 
Cardan taxeth Galen for presuming out of his ambition te correct Theriacum 
Andromachi, and weas justly may carp at all the rest Ga]en's medicines ar 
ow exploded ad rejected; what Nicholas Meripsa, Mesue, Celsus, Scribaniua, 

fFraude hominum et Ingenlorum eaptur, ofllclnsa Invenre Ista., in qulbus sus cuique venalis proml- 
tltur vlta; atatim compositiones et mixturoe inexplicabiles ex Arabia et India, ulceri paro mediciaa i Rubro 
ari mportatur. • Arnoldua Aphor. 15. F-alIax raedicua qul potens mederi almplicibu compos]ta dolos 
aut rustra qurlt, h Lib. l. sect. l. cap. 8. Dura inflnlta medtcamenta miscent, laudem stb| compsrara 
 , mue as us suam prodant inscttiam, dura ostentant perltism et se rldiculos exhibeant, &e. l lulto 
llus perl.uli à medicamento, quam h morbo, &c. k Expedit. in Sina. Iib. L cap. 5. Proecepta medici dant 
ostrts diveraa, in medeudo non infellces, pharmacs utuntur slmplicibt herbis, radlelbt &,c. tota eoru 
Iedicina nostroe herbar proecepts continetur; nuilus Iudus bu jus arti quisque privatus  quolibet ni&. 
tro elditu. /Ab. de Aqus. m O//as¢. de Dos. n ubt.il. ¢&13. de s¢Aeati 



Mem. 1. Subs. 5.] fomDoun Alrave. 

Aetuarius, &c. writ of old, are most part contemned. ]ellichius, Cordus, 
Vecker, Quêrcetan Renodoeus, the Venetian, Florentine states bave their several 
receipts and magistrals: they of luremburg bave theirs, and Augustana 
Pharmacopoeia, pectfliar medicines te the meridian of the city: London her; 
every city, town, almost every private man bath his own mixtures, com- 
positions, receipts, magistrale, precepts, as if he scorned antiquity, and ail 
others in respect of himsel£ Bttt each man must correct and airer te show 
skil|, every opinionative fcllow must maintain his own paradox, be il what il 
will; Ddiran rçes, [etzntzr Achivi: they dote, and in the meantime th 
poor patients pay for their new experiments, the commonalty rue il. 
Thus others object, thus I may conceive out of the weakuess of my appre- 
hension; but te say truth, there is no uch f.mlt, no sueh ambition, no nove|ty, 
or ostentation, as seine suppose; but as °one answers, this of compound medi- 
cines, "is a most noble and profitable invention round out, and brought into 
physie with great jttdgment, wi/om, counel and dicretion." Mixed deacs 
must bave mixed remedies, and such simples are commonly mLxed as haro 
reference te the part affected, seine te qualify, the rest te comfort, seine one 
part, seine another. Cardan and Brassivola both hold thgt iVullm 
medicaznntr sinenoxâ, no simple medicine is without hurt or offence; and 
although Hippocmtes, Erasistr«tus, I)iocles of old, in the infancy of this art, 
were content with ordinary, simples: yet new, saith P"Etius, necessity com- 
pelleth te seek for new remedies, and te make eompounds of simples, as well 
te correct their barres if cold, dry, hot, thick, rhin, insipid, noisome te smell, 
te make them savoury te the palate, pleasant te taste and take, and te preserve 
them for continuance, by admixtion of sugar, honey, te make them last months 
and years for several uses." In such cases compound medicines may be 
approved, and Arnoldus, in his 18. aphorism, doth allow of it. "Ifsimp]es 
cannot, necessity compels us te use compounds ;" se for receipts and magistrals, 
dies die doter, one day teacheth anuther, and they are as se many words or 
Ihrases, Quw aune sur  ko,fffe vocabul¢ s volet usus, ebb and flow with the 
seaon, and a wits vary, se they may be inflnitely varie& "Quisçue 
lacitunt, quo caDiur, habe&" "EveLw man as he iikes, somany mense many 
ninds," and yet all tending te good purpose, though net the saine way. As 
arts and sciences, se physic is still perfected amongst the test; ]oroe musaru 
tu$rices, and experience teacheth us every day ' many things which out 
decessors knew net o£ Nature is net effete, as he saith, or se lavish, te 
bestow all her girls npon an age, but bath reserved seine for posterity, te 
show ber power, that sho is still the saine, and net old or consumed. Birds 
and beasts can cure themselves by nature» naturoe us ez iv/ergn/ue cog- 
oscu, uœe homines vi longo labore e doctH aseuuntur, but "men 
must use much labour and industry to find if out." But I digress. 
Compound medicinez are inwardly taken or ougwardly applied. Inwardly 
gaken» be either liquid or solid: liquid, are fluid or eonsising. Flnid» as wines, 
and syrups. he winez ordinarily used to thiz "'diseaso aro wormwood wine, 
tmarisk, and buglosstnra, wine ruade of borage and bugloss ghe eompositiott 
of which is specified in Arnoldus Villanovmaus» lib. c riais, of borage, haire, 
bngloss, elnnamon, &e.» and highly commended for its virgues; "ig drives 

o Quercetan. pharmaeop, resfitut, cap. 2. l¢obilisslmurn et uimum ve»m aumma m neee- 
tare invetum  tructum.  Cap. 25. Tetrabib. 4. r. 2 eci nc gR iqudo noxta 
qrere reme et ex mpiicib mpit fcer tutu ad pom, odore pfl tia  r- 
rtionem eimpfici, t  futures  cou.renflouera, &c. q C mpfi non p noei 
ëot  mvmi. rLips. Ep  Thoed. Proom Amer. fib. 9. tSgempm 
mç ¢bloe abole lem cm @ reoe et tm exat. Meho humo per 
in n  cereb   oeosls cm fh purga qb o deu et 
fuo vlnc retdoe pl jnva et ad rafl um ducia Tt ml m en quod 
vtdeflm m eon qum c Hberat q efl ex dia me et lmpo 1 cen 
cenda Ioqnebat, ao fene rit lafi retoe. FuR  pantimo meo vi tl  
t h pegriuo ome mea, ¢leemosyn  rib ctoe matronoe plor t 



43; Cure OEMd,ho[y. [Part. 2. Sec. 4. 
away leprosy, scabs, c|ears the blood, recreates the spirits, exila 
md, purgeth the brain o those anxio black mencholy m,and cleanseth 
the whoe body o that black humo by u,m. Towch I add," saith Vil- 
lanovan, «that it 11 bng madmen, and such gg bedlamit  arc 
tied  cins, to the e of the tenon agi Iy conscience bea me witne 
that I do not He, Iw gve mtron helped byth means; she w se cho- 
le,c, and  fuo soetim that she w almost mad, and bide heff; 
she id and &d she knew hot wht, scolded, beat her mds, and w 
ready to be bond tl she drank of this borge n and by thh excellent 
remedy w cured, wch a poer foeier, a silly beggar, tught her by chance, 
that OEme to cve an altos from door to door." Thejuice oboage, it be 
clfied, and d in wine, will do  much, the roos ced d steed, &c. 
th t. Mald, ar. d. who cit t oeo T verbaim out of Vilnova- 
nus, and so doth ainus, a physiciau of $Iilan, in his regimen of heMth. 
8uch anothcr exoellent compound water I find h Rube  dt. s. 3. 
wch he highly maifies out of Savarola, «for such m aro soHta, dull, 
hvy, or md without a cause, or be troubled with trembling of heur." 
Other excellent compound wate for melancholy, he cit in the saine place, 
« if the melancholy ho hot imed, or the tempertum over-hot." 
vomus hath a proeious uavitoe to this purpose, for such  are cold. 
ut he d most commend aum poti, and every wfiter prescrib 
chfified whey, with borax, bugloss, endive, succory, &c. of goat's milk 
especially, me hdefinitely ai aH tim, some thty days together 
the spring, every morng ing, a good draught. Syru ar very goed, 
and oRen ed fo gest ts umour  the beaU, spl liver, &c. 
p of bouge (there  a famo sç of borage highly commended by 
Laurenti to this puose  his tet of melancholy), om of king 
Sabo now oblete, of hyme d epithyme, hops, scoloçendfia, firy, 
aidenhMr, bant &e. These are most used for çlpativ  oth 
çhysic, mixed with dist wate of like nature, or in juleps other. 
Consting, arc coerves or confection; conserv of bouge, buglo, 
balm, fumi, sucoe, aidenhair, violets, ro wormwood, &c. Conf 
tio treacl mithridate, ec]egms, or Hnures, &c. Solid,  aromatical con 
fections: hot, da, diargaum cidum, dhu», dschum due, 
triua  gemme, lta Garni et lh, diagalinga, dimymum, 
dnum, dt plpa, dn, diaps, diannaum: Cold, 
as diavgarum fum, diogi, d abbat, dcodion, &c. 
eve phaopoe wi show you, with their tabl or longa that are ruade 
eut of them; th cont and the like. 
Outwardly ed  ocion serv,  amulet¢ oils hot and cold,  of 
mole, stœechados, ole, o, almonds, poppy, nymphea, dr% &e. 
 be used ater batng, or to procure sleep. 
Otments comd of the d speeies, o and wax, &c.,  
opum, some hot, some cold» fo moisten, procure slip, and coecç other 
ciden. 
Liments  moee ofthe me matr fo the ke puose : empiétera of 
herb fiowe roots, &c., with o, d other uom ed and bofled 
together. 
Catap, lv, or ultices me of een herbs, unded or sod 
ater tffi they be so which e appfied to the hoehoadri, and other 
 when the body h empty. 
 Cem ar appfi  ve s and ont, to ke away pa, 

qui trlstantur Mne easa, q vlts.t smlerum eocletatem et tremwnt corde =Modo non taflam. 
me.lancholl ut iore l¢mmuto  



[em. 2. Subs. 1.] l'ur9ing Simples. 439 
|mat, procure s|ecp. Fomentations or sponges, wet in some decoctlons, 
epithemata, or those moist medicines, laid on linen, te bathe and cool several 
parts misaffectcd. 
$acculi, or little bags of herbs, flowers, seeds, roots, and thc liko, applied 
te thc hed, heart, stomach, &c., odoramcntB halls, perf«mes, posies te smeil 
te, 11 which hve their several uses in melancholy, ss slll bc shown, whea 
I t»eat of the cure of thc distinct species by themselea. 

]IEMB. IL 
SCBSECT. L--Purgbg Simlle upward. 
]IELh¢hC.O(A, or melancholy purgng merceries, arc either simpIe or com- 
pound, and that gently, or violently, purging upward or downward. Theso 
folIong purge upwd. Yrum or Arabac, which,  esue ith, 
hot in the cond degre, and dry in the third, "i  oemmoy taken in 
wine, whey," or as with us, the juioe of two or three leaves, or more some- 
times, pounded in poet drink quMified vith a little quorice, or anis te 
avoid the fulsomeness of the te, or  sum Fernelil. Brsivola, 
Çatart. mcko if up mongst thooe simples tha only purge melcholy, and 
ueOius confirms  much out of his experience, that if purgeth Zblk choler, 
ke hellebore itoelf. len, l. 6. mpl&. and aatthiolus ascribe other vit- 
tues te it, and l have if purge other humours  well  thk 
Laurel, by Heurnius's method, adprax, l. 2. cap. 24. is put amongst the 
srong purm of nm[choly ; if  ho and dry in the fourth degree. Dio 
corides, l. 11. cap. 114. ds other effects te if. b liny oets down fifea 
belles in drink for a sufficient potion: it h commonly corrected with his 
oppoei, cold and moist,  jce of endive» pulane, and is ten in a potion 
te seven grai and a hM But th and asrab eve ntlewom in 
the country kno how te give ; they are two common vomit 
$c1 or a-oon, is ho and dry in he third degré. Braivo]a 
Crt. out of Mue, othem, and his o exrience, wifi bave ts sple te 
pur Cmelancholy alone. If is an ornary vot» n soEkm, ed 
with rubel in a little white we. 
White helIebore, which me call snoezig-powder, • strong purr 
ard, which many reject,  being toc violent : Iesue and verroes wiH 
admit of it, "dby ron of nr of suffooetion," "eeat n and trouble 
i pu the poor patient te," sith Dodumus. Yet Gen, lib. 6. simpl. 
and Dioscorides, cap. 145. aHow of i. It w indeed "frrble in former 
tim,"  liny nooes, but new familiar, insomuch that many teck if in tho 
days, « gthat were student¢ te quicken their wi," which Pemi, Sa. 1. ob- 
jects te Accius the poet, IlAas Accleba vatro. "It hel melancholy, the 
iMling sckness, madness, gout, &c., but net  be tea of old men, youths 
such  e weain, ce, or effeminate, troulfled with hdache, bigh- 
colour, or fear s¢rangIing," ith Dicorides. i Orib, an old physicu, 
bath wtn ve copiously, and approv of if,." in such affections which 
otherse hardly be cured." eurnius, l. 2. prax. moE.  vomitif, ll no 
bave if used "k but with t caution by ron f its renh, and then when 
timony wiH de no good," which caud Heoph te compare if te a stout 
• He: datur 1 r« 1a¢ aut no. s V mode expgat cerebm, 
Fuchsi. s Cros et biliosos h umor poe vomi educit, b Vomim et msm 
hydrop. &c. cMat a educit, d Ab ae ideo riendu oh ricum 
eCap. 16. ma  eduket molfis cure m fQuonm teibiie, s M dio atis 
ad pdenda a q mmentsbt. h Meder comitiib melanollci podi; vetur 
nib pu molHb et effat 1Collect. b. 8. cap. 3. In affectils Ils q dicur 
cursntur, HOlebom dam. kNon sine mmacsufione hoc roeeo ulemoe; t enim 
et qu ' m9 çn « morb  aum cv9t» m9do vd v ¢or 



captain (as Codronchus observes, cap. 7. comment, de IIelleb.) that will see all 
his soldiers go belote him and corne post lrncipia, like the bragging soldier, 
la himself; lwhen other helps rail in inveterate melancholy, in a desperate 
case, thisvomit s to. be take And yet for ail this, ifit be well prepared, it may 
be"securely given at first, nlIatthiolus brags, that he hath often, to the good 
of many, matie use of it, and Heurnius, "°that he hath happily used it, 1»1« 
pa-ed after his own prescript," and with good success. Christophorus à Vega, 
l/b. 3. c. 41, is of the saine opinion, that it may be |awfully given; and our 
country gentlewomen find it by their common practice, that there is no such 
great danger in it. Dr. Turner, speaking of this plant in his He»bal, telleth 
us, that in his rime it was an ordinary receipt amonggood wives, to give hel- 
lebore in powder to ii d weight, and he is not much against it. But they cio 
commonly exceed, for who so bold as blind Bayard, and prescribe it by penny- 
vorths, and such irrational ways, as I bave heard myself market fulks ask for 
it in an apothecary's shop: but with what success God knows; they smart oftcn 
for their rash boldness and fi)lly, break a rein, make their eyes ready to stalt 
out of their heads, or kiil themselves. So that the fault is hot in the physic, 
but in the rude and indiscreet handling of it. tte that will know, thercfore, 
vhen to use, how to prepare it aright, and in what dose, let him read Heur- 
nius, l/b. 2. pra. med., Brassivola de Catart., Godefi'idus Stegius, the emperor 
1Rudolphus' physician, cap. 16. Matthiolus in Dioscor. and that excellent com- 
mentary of Baptista Codronchus, which is instar omnlum de Helleh. alb. whcre 
ve shall find great diversity ofexamples and receipts. 
Antimony or stibium, which our chemists so much ma-mify, is either taken 
in substance or infusion, &c., and frequently prescribed in this disease. "It 
helps ail infirmities," saith PMatthiolus, "which proceed from black choler, 
falling sickness, and hypochondriacal passions ;" and for farther proof of his 
tssertion, he gives several instances of such as have been freed with it: qone 
of Andrew Gailus, a physician of Trent, that after many other essays, « im- 
putes the recovery of his health, next after God, to this remedy alone."An- 
other of George ttandshius, that in like sort, when other mcdicines f.ailed, 
"rwas by this restored to his former health, and which of his knowledge others 
bave likewise tried, and by the help of this admirable medicine, been reco- 
vered." A third of a parish priest at Prague in Bohemia,"  that was so far 
gone with melancholy that he doted, and spake he knew hot what; but af ter 
he had taken twelve grains of stibium (as I mysîlf saur, and can witness, for 
I was called fo see this miraculous accident), he was purged of a deal of black 
choler, like little gobbets of flcsh, and all his excrements were as black blood 
(a mediclne titrer for a horse than a man), yet it did him so much good, t.hat 
the next day he was perfectly cured." This very story of the Bohemiatt 
pricst, Sckenkius relates verbatim, Exoter. experiment, ad var. morb. cent. 6. 
obser. 6. with great approbation of it. /ercules de Saxoniâ calls it a pro- 
fitable medicine, ff it be taken after meat to six or eight grains, of such aa 
are apt to vomir, lodericus à Fonseca the Spaniard, and late professor of 
laduainItaly, extolsittothis disease, Tom.2. consul. 85. so doth Lod. ]ercatus 
de int,.t, morb. cur. lib. 1. cap. 17. with many others. Jacobus Gervinus a 
:French physician, on the other side, lib. 2. de veneni con.fut, explodes ail this, 
and saith he tvok three grains otly upon Mthiolus and some othet' com- 

1 tlç tetrab, cap. 1. ,er. 2. Ils solum darl vult Helleborum album, q see em non habg non  
ql Scopem meaç &c. m Cure lute mto, n Cap. 12. de morbs p. o N 
fe uHm noso prars HeHeboro slbo.  In lib. 5. Dioscor. p. 3. Omnib opitst morbis, 
Çuoz asbi excita comiaHb lue pim q Hochondac obent pio, q dr 
Gall den me lum huic medimento t De debet.   ni brc 
s. Id quod i id o, q hoc mirab medlmento  st. $ Q enolicns 
fac plan dplebaç mue stè loquebar, hc exhibim 12. . sblnm, quod pao post ara 
bilera ex o edux»t (ut o -i q vs tsnqusm ad miculnm adfui tta possum), et 



Iem. 2. Subs. 2.] Compound Purger$. 441 

mendation, but it almost killed him, whereupon he concludcs, "tantlmony 
is rather poison than a medicine. » Th. Erastus concura with him in hi 
opinion, and se doth 2Elian Montaltus, cap. 30. de mean. But what de [ 
talkl 'tis the subject of whole books; I might cite a century of authors pro 
and con. I will conclude with UZuinger, antimony is like Scanderbeg's awor, I, 
xvhich is eithcr good or bad, strong or weak, as the party is that prescribcs, 
oruseth it: "a worthy medicino if it bo rightly apl»lied te a strong man, 
otherwiso poison." For tho preparing of it, look in Evonlmit]wsaurus, 
Quercear Oswaldus Crollius, .Bcuil. Chim. .l?asiI. Valentius, &c. 
Tobacco, divine, rare, superexcellent tobacco, which goes far beyond ail the 
panaceas, potable gold, and philosopher's stones, a sovereign remedy te al[ 
diseuses.  good vomir, I confess, a virtuous herb, if if be well qualificd, 
opportunely taken, and medicinally used ; but as it is commonly abuscd by 
most men, which take it as tinkers de aie, 'ris a plagm, a misehief, a violent 
purger of goods, lan¢t% health, hell/sh, devilish and damned tobacco» tho ruiu 
and overthrow of body and seul. 

OLYVOVV and epithyme are, wlthout I exceptions, ntle purgera 
lancholy. Dioscorides will bave them void phlegm; but ]sivola out 
his experlenoe averreth, that they pue t humour; they are us in decoc- 
tion, infusion, &c., simple, mix, &c. 
ymlane ail rive kinds, are ppily Xprescrlbed aga]nst melancholy and 
qutan agues; Brivol spks out "Yof a thoand" experiences, he gave 
them in pills, dections, &c., loek for peculiar receipts in him. 
Stoech mito, dder, herb meoeury, mots of pe, genis or bm, 
pennymyal and half-iled cabbage, I find in this cataloe of purgera of 
black choler, origan, featheffew, ammoniac  sait, ltpetre. But these are very 
gentlc; alyppus, dmgon ot, centaury, dittany, oelutea, wch Fuchsius, 
168, and othe ke for senna, but most distinish. nna is in the mid- 
dle of violent and gentle pue doward, hot in tho second degree, dry 
the tiret. rvoh OEils it "an wonderful herb agait mecholy, if scou 
the blood, Hghns the spirits, shak off rrow, a most profihle medice," 
as bDodonoe te if, invented by the abians, and net heard of befom. 
It la taken diver ways, in powder, infusion, but most mmonly 
fusion, with ginger, or seine coial flowe added te correct it. Actuari 
commends it sodden in broth, with an old ck, or in whey, which is th 
common conveyer of ail sach things as purge black choler; or steeped 
wine, which Heuius count sufficient without any faher coectiom 
Aloes by most is sd te plrge choler, but Aumlian, lib. 2. a 6.  morb. 
¢r., Arctdanus, cap. 6. in 9, ha, Juus Alexandrinus» cons. 185. 
col., to, censé. 189. oeltz. prescribe it te this diseuse;  gfor the 
tomach a te open the hoemorrhoids, out of Mesue, Rhasis, Sempio, Avicenna: 
[enaus, ep. l. l. elt. 1. opposeth it, aloes, "Cdoth net open tho vers," 
or more the hoemorrhoids, which Leonhart Fucius, par, l. l. 
we affirms; but rivola and donoe defend Iesue out of the expe- 
rienoe; let « Vali end the contmvemy. 
Laph armenus and uli are much mafi by Alexander, l. l. cap. 
16, Avicen, tius, and Actuarius, if they be well washed, tt the water 
t ntlmonlum venenum, non me«icamtum. Cratl . e. vei d navium 
aem diimum medicamvnt ai reïe ttenr,  venenum.  Moer fugant; ulilmb 
dant melanchollcl$ et quatean llll hom  exper anm. Sui nitrnm, 1 arome. 
niacum, dront ra dictamnum, t Cflet ordin acide, iccat primo, advv omnla tia atrœe 
bllla valeh aaniuem mandat, apiritua Ifln»Daç morem acutl herbu mifica, bCap. 4. lib. 2. 
¢ Itecen tlo negant ora ven r¢¢g., a  0v a9¢rt ora v¢am. b. 9. ¢0n. 3. ¢ Vapore 



Cure of M'dand,,[y. [Part. 2. Sec. 4. 

ho no more coloured, fiîty times, some say. ,, r That ffood Alexander (saith 
Gaianerius), puts such confidence in this one medicine, that he thought all 
melancholy passions mighç be cured by it; aud I for my part bave oftentimes 
happily used it, and was never deceived in the operation of it."The like may 
be said of lapis lazuli, though it be somewhat weaker thau the other. Gar- 
cias ab Horto, It/st. l/b. 1. cap. 65. relates, that the gphysicians of the ]$Ioors 
familiarly prescribe if to ail melancholy passions, and ]Iatthiolus, ep. lib. 3. 
btï of that happy success which he still had in the administration of it. 
:Nicholas ]Ieripsa puts it amongst the best remcdies, secl. l. cap. 12. in Anti- 
dotis; "iand if this will hot serve (saith Rhasis), then there remaius nothing 
but lapis armenus and hcllebore itsel£" Valescus and Jasou Pratensis much 
commend pulvis hall, which la ruade of it James Damascen. 2. cap. 12. 
]ercules de Saxoni, &c., speaks well of it. Crato will hot approve this; iL 
and both hellebores, he saith, are no better tha poison. Victor Trincavellius, 
lb. 2. cap. 14. fouud it in his experience, "kto be very noisome, to trouble 
the stomach, and hurt their bodies that take it overmuch." 
Black hellebore, that most renowned plant, and famous purger of melan- 
choly, which ail autiquity so much used and admired, was firsç round out by 
3Ielanpod]us a shepherd, as Pliny records, lib. 25. cap. 5. who, seeing it to 
purge his goats when tbey raved, practised it upou Elige and Calene, King 
lroetus " daughters, that ruled in AroEdia, near the fountaiu Clitorius, and 
restored tbem to their former health. In Vlippocrates's time it was in only 
request, insomuch that he writ a book of it, a ftïgment of which remains yet. 
Theophrastus, mGulen, lliny, Coelius Aurelianus, as ancient as GMen, lib. 1. 
cap. 6, Aretns, l/b. 1. cap. , Oribasius, lib. 7. col&ct, a famous Greek, Etius, 
ser. 3. cap. 112 & 113 p. /Egineta, Galeu's Ape, l/b. 7. cap. 4, Actuarius, 
Trallianus, lib. . cap. 15, Cornelius Celsus only remaining of the old Lutins, 
lib. 3. cap. 23. extol and admire this excellent plant; and it was geuerally so 
much ¢steemed of the ancients for this diseuse amongst the rest, that theyseut 
all such as were crazed, or that doted, to the Anticyroe, or to lhocis in Achaia, 
to be purged, where this plant was in abundance to be had. In Strabo's time 
it was au ordinary voyage, 2Vavigef Anicjras; a commou proverb amoug the 
Greeks and Ltins, to bid a dizzard ora mad man go take hellebore; as in 
:Lucian, Menippus to Tantalus, Tantale, desilds , lwlleb a'o epoto tibi opuest, eoqu 
sane meraco, thou art out of thy little wit, O Tantalus, and mu.st needs drink 
hellebore, and that without mixture. Aristophanes in lresliS, drink hellebore, 
&c., and ttarpax in the aComedian, told Simo and Ballio, two doting fellows, 
that they had need fo be purged with this plant. When that proud Iena- 
:rates  a, had writ au arrogant letter fo lhilip of lI.acedou, he sent back 
no other answer but this, Cosulo tibi ut ad Anticyrara la con.feras, noting 
thereby that le w crazed, abTu helleboro indigere, had much need of a good 
purge. Lilias Geraldus saith, that E[ercules, after all his mad pranks upon his 
wife and children, was perfectly cured by a purge of bellebore, which an Anti- 
cyrian administered unto him. They that were sound commonly took it to 
quicken their wits (as Ennius ofold), o Qui non nl.ri potu adarma--prosilui$ 
d/cenda, and as our poets 8rink sack to improve their inventions (I fiud itso 
registered hy Agellius, lib. 17, cap. 15.) Carneades the acdemic, when he was 
to write against Zeuo the stoic, purged himself with heilebore first, which 
P l%trouius lmts upon Clarysiplma In such esteem if continuedformany agea, 

fTrtet. 15. e. 6. Bonus A|exander, tsntsrn lapide Armeno eonfldentlsrn habnit, ut omnes melsneho|ieas 
lsssioues ab eo cttrari pose crederet, et ego inde soepimime u*us sure, et in e.,us exhibitioae nunquam 
fraud&tua fui. g Maurorum medict hoc lspide plerumque purgant melancholiam, &OE IQuo ego 
,oepe feh©iter uua sure, et rnsgno cure auxilio, iSi non hoc, nihil restat nisi he]leboru, et ispis 
m'nenus. Consil. 184. ScoltziL k Mu]rg eorporg vldl b, rsvlssim htnc agILsts, et stornacho mnitum 
ebfiss I Cure vidisset sb eo ettrsrl cspras frentes s._ m Lib. . simll, med. 'seuIolo, act. 
oecn. ult. helleboro hisce homln|bu, olm et.  flot. • In Satyr. 



][cm. 2. Subs. 2.] C°rnT°uneI Purgers. 443 

till af length ]Iesue and seine other Arablans beg.m te reject and repreheml it, 
u peu whose au thority for many following lustres, it was m uch dehased and q, dte 
out of request, held te be poison and no medivine; and is still oppuffaed te 
this day by Crato and seine junior physiciens. Their reasons are, becan.e 
Aristotle, l. 1. de p/an, c. 3. said, henbane and hellebore were poison; 
Alexander Aphrodiseus, in the preface of his problems, gave out, that 
ing of hellehore) "'Quails fed on that which was poison te men." Galen,/. 6. 
p/d. cern. 5. Text. 35. confirme v.s much: JConstantine the emperor in his 
Geoponicks, attributes no other virtue te it, than te ki]l mice and rats, flics 
and mouldwrps, and se izaldus, Nicander of old, Gervinus, Sckenk;_us, anti 
ome other Neoterics that bave written of poisons, speak of hellehore in a «bief 
place, t:Nicholas Leonicus bath a story of Selon, that besiegig, I know net 
what city, steeped hellebore in a spring of water, which by pipes was conveye, l 
into the middle of the town, and se either poisoned, or else ruade thera se feeble 
and weak by purging, that theywere net able te heararms. Nothwithstanding 
ail these cavils and objections, most of our late writers de mch approve of it. 
UGariopontus, lib. l. cap. 13, Codronchus, cern. de lleb., Fallopius, lib. de. »ced. 
purg. simll, cap. 69. et consi[. 15. Trincvelii, ][ontanus 239, Frieme[ict 
consil. 14, Hercules de S:txoni', se that it be opportunely given. Jacobus de 
Dondis, Agg. Amatus, Lucet. cent. 66, Goder. Stegius, cap. 13, Hollerius, and 
ail ourherbalists suhscribe. Fernelius, meth. med. lib. 5. cap. 16, "confesseth 
if te be a terrible purge and hard te take, yet well given te strong men, and 
such s hure uble bodies." P. Forestus and Capivuccius forbid it te be t:tken 
il substance, but allow if in decoction or infusion, both whlch ways, P. Mena- 
vins approves above ail others, Eist. 23 l. Scoltzii; Jacchinus in 9. Rhasis 
commends a receipt of his own preparing; Penottus another of his chemicd|y 
prepared, Evoaimus another. :Hi|desheim, spicel. 2. de mel. bath many examplcs 
how it should be uaed, with diversity of receipts. Ieuraius, l/b. 7. pra. 
cap. 14, "calls it an innocent medicine howsoever, if it be well prepared." 
The foot of it is only in use, which may be kept many years, and by seine 
given in substance, s by Fallopius and Brassivola umongst the test, who 
brags thut he was the tiret that restored it again te its use, and telle a story 
how he cured one ]Ielatsta, a madman, that was thought te be possessed, in 
the Duke Ferrar's court, with one purge of black helIebore in substance: the 
receipt is there te be seen; his excrements were like ink, he perfectly healed 
af once; Vidus Vidius, a Dutch physicien, will net adroit of it in substance, 
te whom most subscribe, but as before in the decoction, infusion, or which is 
11 in all, in the extract, which he prefers belote the test, nd calls sav 
rnedicaznntun, a sweet medicine, un easy, that may be secmly given te 
omen, children, and weaklings. Baracellus, lwrt geiali, terres it 
2roestanti medicamentsm, a medicine of great worth and note. Quercetan 
his Sl)aglr. Phar. and many others, tell wonders of the extrct. 'macelsus, 
bove ull the test, is the greatest admirer of this plant; and especially the 
extract, he calls it theriacum, terrestre ba].samum, another treacle, a terres- 
trie[ haire, instar ornniur, 'all in ail, the sole and lest refuge te cure this 
malady, the gent, epilepsy, leprosy,  &c. If this will net help, no physic in 
the world can but mineral, it is the npshot of ail Matthioltm [aughs af those 
that except against it, and though seine abhor if out ofthe authority of Mesue 

1 CrsO0 eonsçl, lB. I. . Et! multi maffnl vir| proben In bonam psrtem scclDlsnt medi non pr0bcm. 
t Vcuutur versée eotuic quod hominib toxlcum est. lLib. 23.  7 12. I. tDe var. hier. 
 Co [ncolume reddi e juveniie ecit, x Veter non ne cause usi sunt : Dilis ex Heebor, 
..... --*'- a*ur men c.  Innocens m¢tu, mo te per. 
9urgao, et o pe se * c ' s In Cart. Ex ana sois evacuafloue r vi t 
et qule lnde xit. alv vxemlum apud kenklum et açud Sltum, eç. 1. P. Monavl se 
stolidm ¢ lacet hec epoto trib eut qtur viclbas, b Ultimum refu, exemum mica: 
mentum, quOd tera oi g¢ q¢que coe xativ:s  non t  hc pertinent; m 



and dare hot adventure to preecfibe if, «'yet I, (salth he) haro happily nsed 
it six hun¢h-ed tirae without oflënce, and coraraunicated it to divers worthy 
physicians, who bave given rae grcat thanks for it." Look for receipts, dose, 
preparation, and other cautions conceraing thi slraple, in  Brassivol, 
laxaelsus, Codronchu, and the rest 

SUSECr. III.--Compound Purgers. 
CoPov3rD raediclnes which purge raelancho]y, are eithcr taken in the supe- 
rîor or inferior parts: superior at raouth or nostrils. At the raouth swallowed 
or hot swallowed : If swallowed liquid or solid : liquid, as corapound wine of 
hellebore, scilla or sea-onion, senna, linura Scilliticura, Hdleb,ratura, wh:ch 
dQuercetan so much applauds "for raelancholy and madne.s, either inwardly 
taken, or outwardly apptied to the head, with little pieces of linen dipped warm 
in it." Oxymel Scillhicum, SyrUlOUS t[eIleboratus raajorand rainor in Quereetan, 
and SyruloUS Genistce for hypochondriacal raelancholy in the sarae author, cora- 
pound syrup of succory, of furaitory, polypody, &c. tteurnius his purging 
cockbroth. Some except against these syrups, as appears by "Udalrinus Leono- 
rus his epistle to hIatthiolus, as raost pernicious, and that out of lippocrates, 
coctamovere, e medicwrl, non cruda, no raw things to be nsed in physic; 
this in the following epistle is exploded and soundly confuted by latthiolus : 
many juleps, potions, receipts, are coraposed of these, as you shail find in ]_il- 
deshei fa, sp/cal. 2. leurni us, l/b. 2. cap. 14. Gcorge Sckenkius, Itd. med.pra. &c. 
Solid purges are confections, electuarie., pills by theraselves, or corapound 
with others, as de bpide lazulo, armeno, pil. inv, of fumi$ory, &c. Confec- 
tion of laraech, which though raost approve, Solenander, sec. 5. con.vil. 22. bit- 
terly inveighs against, so doth Rondoletius Pharmaop. officina, Fernelius and 
othcrs; diasen, diapolypodiura, diacassi, diacatholicon, Wecker's electuarie 
de Epithyrao, Ptoleray's hierologadiura, of which divers receipts are dailymade. 
Etins, 22. 23. coraraends HieramRu.. Trincavellius, cons//. 12. l/b. 4. ap- 
lroves of Hra ; non, in(]ui, invenio rlius medicamentun, I find no better 
medicine, he saith. ]=[eurnius adds pil. aggrega, pills de Epithyrno, tril. Id. 
][esue describes in the Florenin Anidotary, Pilu sine quibus esse nolo, 
lilul4z Coclioe cura He[loro, t'il. Arabicoe, Feetid, de quinque generlbus 
virabolanorum,&c, hloreproper toraelancholy, notexcludinginthe meantirae, 
turbith, raanna, rhubarb, aaric, elescophe, &c., which are hot so proper to this 
humour. For, as ]Iontaltusholdscap. 30.and Montanus, choleraetiaratrarganda 
quod atroe sltpabulum, choler is to be purged because it feeds the other :: and 
sorae are of an opinion, as Erasistratus and Aselepiades raaintained of old, 
against whora Galen disputes, "tthat no physic doth purge che huraour alone, 
but all alike or what is next." hlost therefore in their receipts and raagistruls 
which are coined bore, raake a ralxture of several sirapl and corapounds fo purge 
all huraours in general as well as this. Sorae rather use potions than pills to 
purge this humoua; because that as tteurnius and Cruto observe, h/c succus à 
sicco remedio cegrè rahitur, this juice is hot so easily druwn by dry reraedies, 
and as Monanus adviseth 25 tons. "A]I *drying medicines are to be repelled, 
as aloe, hieru," and ail pilh whatsoever, because the disease is dry of itelf. 
I might here insert many receipts of preseribed potions, boles, &e. The 
doses of these, but that they are common in every good physician, and that I 
ana loth to incur the censure of Forestus, l/b. 3. cap. 6. de urinis, "h agaiast; 
e Tetarl pom me eexeentt ]aominib Helleborum nigrum exhlbuL., nullo proru ineommodo, 
d Plaarmacop. Optimum oet 1 maniam et omne melan©holiem affecfu*, tare Intr anmptum, tutu extrin. 
ecua capitt cure lintenli$ in eo madefati tepide admotum, • Epiat. th. lib. -. Tale Syrupl noc. 
 Lsaiml et omnibua modia extlrpandL f Purganti e¢ebant medlcamenta, non unum humorem attrahere, 
d qnem©unqne attlgerint in euam natartm convertere, gReligaatur onme. ericeante medicin, ut 
Aloe, Hiera, plule queeunque, h Contra eo qui lingua vulgari ¢1; vera¢llla remed et medic.mat 



tbose that divu/ge and publish mediines in their mother-tongue,  and lest I 
shouid give occasion thereby to some ignorant reader to practise on him8elf, 
without the consent of a good physician. 
Such as are hot swallowed, but only kept in the mouth, are gargarisms 
nsed eommonly after a purge, when the body la soluble and loose. Or 
apophlegmatisms, masticatories, to be held and chewed in the mouth, whieh 
are gentle, as hyssop, origan, pennyroyal, thyme, mustard ; strong, as pelli- 
tory, pepper, ginger, &e. 
Such as are taken into the nostrils, errhina are liquid or dry, juiee of 
)impernel, onions, &e., castor, pepper, white hellebore, &e. To these you 
may add odoraments, perfumes, and suffumigations, &e. 
Taken into the inîerior parts are clysters strong or weak, suppositorlesof Cas- 
tiliansoap, honeyboiled to a consistenee; orstrongerof seammony, hellebore, &e. 
These are ail nsed, and prescribed to thiz malady upon several occasions, 
as shall be shown in its place. 

IIEMB. IIL 
Chirurgical l?emedles. 
r lettlng of blood three main circumstanees are to be considered, « 
how much, when." That is, that it be done to such a one as may endure if, 
or to whora if may beloug, that he be of a competent age, hot too young, nor 
too old, overveak, fat, or lean, sore laboured, but fo such as haro need, are 
full of bad blood, noxious humours, and may be eased by it. 
The quantity depends npon the party's habit of body, as he la strong or 
weak, fltll or empty, may spare more or less. 
In tho morning is the fittest time: some doubt whether it be best fasting, 
or full, whether the moon's motion or aspect of planets be to be observed 
some affirm, some deny, some grant in acute, but not in chronic diseazes, 
whether beîore or after physic. 'Tis Heurnius' aphorism à 19Idebotom aupl- 
candura esse curatlonem, non à pharmacia, you must begin with blood- 
letting and hot physic; some except this peculiar malady. But what do 
L{oratius z ugenius, a physician of Padua, bath lately writ 17 books of this 
ubject, Jobertus, &c. 
Particular kinds of blood-lettlng in ltuse are three, first is tha openlng a 
rein in the arm with a sharp knife, or in the head, knees, or any other parts, 
as shall be thought fit. 
Cupping-glasses with or-without scarification, ocyssmè comlaescurd , saith 
Fernelius, they work presently, and are applied to everal parts, to divert 
humours, aches, winds, &c. 
Horse-leeches are much nsed in melancholy, applied especially fo the 
hoemorrhoi&. Horatius Augenius, l/b. 10. vap. 10. Platerus, de ment/s a//enat. 
vap. 3. Altomarus, Piso, and many others, preîer them before any evaeu- 
ations in this kin& 
]Cauteries or searing with hot irons, combnstions, borin, lancln, 
which, because they are terrible, Dropax and Sinaplsmus are invented by 
plasters to raise blisters, and heating medieines of pitch, mustard-seed, and 
the like. 
Issues still tobe kept open, ruade as the former, and applied in and to 
everal parts, bave their use here on divers occasions, as shall bo showm 

l-Quls,'qusnnm, quando. It Fernellus, llb. 2. cap. 19. 1Renodœens, llb. 5. cap. 91. de IK, Mereurinlts 
llk & de orxt. med. cap. 2A. leurniu lb. 1. lrx, me4. Weeker. &c. 



SECT. V. MEMB. I. 
SVssEc-r. L--Partlcdar Cure of t tare serM A'ioe ; 
TE geneml cur thus briefly emined and disct it remains new te 
apply the medicin te the throe ptic sci or kinds, that, accor 
t, the veral par affecd, ch n may ll in seine sort ho te help or 
 himselE I 11 treat of head-mencholy first, in wch,  in all otr 
good cur, we must begin th diet,  a matr of most moment, able on- 
tim of itlf te work this effect. I have rd, ith urenti, cap. 8. 
$[th. tt in old es which bave gotten the upper hd or a habit, the 
manner of livg  te more pari»ose , tn whatsoever n be dmwn out of the 
most precio box of the apotheries. T et,  I have said,  net only 
in choice of mt and drin but of all those other non-naturel rhino. Let 
a be cl and mot most pa: et motening, of go juic  of 
dcstio and net windy: drk clr, and well brew, net too strong, ner 
too small. "hlake a melcholy n fat,"  m.Rhis saith, "and thon t 
fish the re." Exercise net too remiss, ner too violent. Sloep a Httle 
more than ordina. Excrements dy te be voided by art or ture; and 
wlfich FerneHus enjoins h patient, co. 4. above the test, te avoid all 
paio and urtious of the minoE t him net be alone or idIe (in y 
ad of melancholy), but still compaed with such friendsd mm he 
most affects, ntly dred, washed, and combe aording te  ability af 
lt, h clean sweet linen, spruce, handsoum, decent, and good apparel; for 
nothing sooner dejects a man tn want, ualor, d nastines¢ foui or old 
clotlles out of fhion. Conceg the medicinM pa, he that wiH tfy 
ff at large ( thh proeedent of diet) d see Ml at once, the whole cure 
and nner of it  every dhtinct sci, let him cousult with Gordo, 
VMoec, with Prosper Calent, l.  airs b  Card. Cum, Lau- 
reuti, p. 8. es 9.  n. lian Montltu d« . cap. 26, 27, 28, 29, 
30. Dot. ab Altomari, cap. 7. art OE. Hercules de Sxoni in Panth. 
cap. 7. e$ Trot. «j pr.  . per BoOm, OE. «i, 1620. 
cap. 17, 18, 19. Savanarol . 82. Tract. 8. cap. 1. Sckenkius, in az. 
curat. I. . Heur, p. 12. de rb. Victorius Faventinus, 
«I[ayn. e$ Emr. dhe, SicK. 2. d« n. et . Fel. Platr, 
Scke, Bruel, P. Bayes, Fortus, Fuci, Cappiçci, Rondoletiu 
Jon Prais, Hust. Salviam de red. lib. 2. cap. 1. Jacch in 9. 
, OE Mert, de I. rb. r. l,. 1. cap 1 
prt. . lib. 1. cap. 21. de l. Po, ou &e. that have ced out of 
thoso old Gree, b, and Latin, wtsoever £s obserble or fit te 
used. Or let h rd tho coue d eonstao of Hugo 
«omd. 13.  14. ner SolMder, il. 6. $. 1. 
Crato, eo. 16. l. 1. Iontu 20, 22. and  foHowg eo 
Loeli à Fonte Eubus, co. 44, 69, 77, 125, 129, 142. Feefiu 
«o. 44, 45» 46. Jt Coe Claudin MereuriM, mmbi, 
neu &e. ere he shall d picr receipts, the whole metho 
çrepativ, p, coectom, ave cora  t vafiety and abd- 
ae: out of which, bo every n nnot stand te rd or pere the 
I w cot for the benefit of the rder, mo few more notable mece 

Ssmc-r. II.--Blood-lettlng. 
• PH,-BOToï is pr0miscuously usd before and after physlc, commonly belote, 
and upon occasion is often reiterated, if there b any noed st least of it. For 
m Cont. l|b. I. . 9. fein a lmplnatiolleiD, e|  lmplno£1ltur, removetar mInm, n ]IIQ. 



Mem. 1. Subs. 3.] Prep'r:t;ves anl Pargers. 
Galen, and many others, make a doub of bleeding at ail in this kind o head- 
melaucla«91y. If the malady, ith Piso, cap. 23. and Altomar 
Fuehsiu cap. 33. " shall prod pmarily from he miflëed bm, 
paien in sueh e sll hot ed a ail  bleed, exeep he bld otherso 
abound, the veim be full, iuflamed blood, and the party ready to r d." 
In immatefial mdanehdy, whieh espially cornes from a eold dsmpemture of 
spits, Hereules de Saxoni p. 17. wil[ hot t of phlebotomy ; «urentius, 
p. 9, approv ig out of tho authority of the bas; but  Mesue, Rhis, 
Alexander appoint, "»especiaHy la the hed," fo open the vers  the for 
hd, nos« and ears is good. They commouly set cuppingles on th 
party's houlde, having tiret sifi the place, they appIy hoo-leech on 
the head, and in ail melaueholy dise, whether ential or aceideutaÇ they 
oeu the hoemohoids tobe opened, ving the eleveath aphorm ofthe sixth 
book of Hippocmt for their grod and waaut, which ith, "That in 
melaucholy and mad men, tho vacose tumour or hoemorrhoids appearing doth 
hl the sme." Valese prescribes blood-letting  all three nds, whom 
Salluat. Sala follow "cil the blood abord, which is disoertted by the 
fulns of tho veins, his ptent diet, the pty's laughter, ago, &c. begin 
with the median or middle vein of the arm :  the blood be ruddy and clear, 
stop it, but  black  the spg rime, or a goed sn, or thick, 
aeeordg fo the party's streugth: and some eight or twelve da ater, opea 
the head vein, and the veins in the forehead, or provoke if out of the nostrils, 
or cupping gloses," &c. Trallian allows of this, "If the bave been any 
suppsion or sppiag of blo at nose, or hoemorrhoi, or women's months, 
then to open a vein in the hd or about the aukles." Yeç he doth hardly 
appmve of this courue, if melaucholy be situated iu the hd aloue, or  any 
other dotage, "except it primarily proc from blood or that the malady 
be increed by it; for blo-letting refrigemt aud dries up, except the body 
be ve fl of bloC, and a ud of ruddins in the fce." Theretbre I con- 
clude with Aoeteus, "t before you leç blood» deliberate of it»" and we consider 
1 ecutoes belongiug toit, 
SUECT. III.--Preaiv a Purgers. 
a blood-letting we must pmceed to other micines; fit pmpare, and 
then pro'ge, Aug stulun urgare, make he body clean belote we hope to 
do any good. Valter Bruel would have a pmctitioner begiu fit with 
clyster of s, which he prescribes befo blood-lettiug: the common so, 
eœeualis, ontaltus, cap. 30. &c. proceed fmm lenitv to preparatives, and 
o to pur Lenitiv a well own, d«tium &nivun, dianm, 
dial&, &c. Prepamtives are usuaHy sps of boe, bugloss, appl, 
fumito, thyme and epithym with double  much of tho me doction or 
dt water, or of the atem of bugloss, balm, hops, en,ve, seolopeudry, 
futo, &c. or the sodden in whey, which must be reirated and us for 
many days together. Purges corne lt, "which mt not be  at aH, if 
the malady may be otherse helped," beoEuse they weaken nature and d so 
much; and in glving of them, "Uwe m bn with the gentlt tiret." 
8ome forbid ail hot medicines, m exander, and Salanus, &c. 
o SI ex pmsrio cerebfi affectu melancholicl even aninis det¢one non gen nisI oh all 
¢au sanguls mittatur,  multus lu vi &c. tra enim fatigatur corp 
phlebotomia ontis. q Si sang abdeç quod sci ex venarum pletion ct ramone 
prt ru oel, te et i tdatur medlana; et si nis apparet c et rue G suppri- 
at; ut si ver% si niger aut cr ittatur fluere pro vit oe% ricin pmt 8 veI rg en 
spcriatur cephl prfi nag affoe et vena onfi aut anls provocetur st-ris per n &c. r Si 
quib  oe suppr st me, c. to ¢are opoç t vcna 
cerebro  NisI o dut à gn ne morb de augr : pmebotomza renagerat et 
isi rp t vde geum, rnbd, t C gnem deere oet, deeratione indiget. 
Arete Hb. 7. c. 5. UA Ieniob pid (Vc P» Bel) rique mecent 9m'- 
gfib utend, ni t o9 



18 Çure o.f elanclwly. [Parg. 2. ¢tee... 
 irt, hog mcines crease ghe de « Xby g goo much." 
Purg doward ther han upwa, o poio raher han ph, and when 
you ben physie, peevere and continue  a eoe; for  one ob»ees, 
 nwve  n ucere i omnib alm t;  stir up the humour ( one 
purge commonly doth) and hot to procute, doth more haro than o& They 
muet ntinue in a co of physic, yet hot so that they tire and opprs 
natte, oen çu natuoe, they must now and then mt, and let nat 
have some test. The most gtle purges fo be th, are oenna, si 
epithe, mbalan, OEthoficon: if theso prevail nog we y procd 
stmnger,  the cooEection of hech, pfi. Indoe, ioe, de aieret, 
lapis armen d lal  Or ff pilh be  d; some 
1,oth heHebor  the ç pe, amgsç the rest Aretus, "bbeuse 
e w resh a gentle mece." Laurenti and ercul de xo 
• vould have timony tried t, "ff the pay be strong, and if way vea" 
« Trincavel prefem erologodium, fo whom Franc exander in s 
'mL 5. subrib, a veT goed medicine they co¢ if. Bu¢ Cmo  a 
cou of h, for the Duke of Bavaria's chanoeor, whoy joe it. 
I d a vt chaos of medices, a coion of receip and 
umont ite, appropated  t e; me of the cef 
hcae. eTo be s-sick tiret,  ve T good af seonable tim. 
bosm ttoli, with wch he va and bots he d so many ral 
cr, "ri never gave it (mith he), but aer once or twice, by the help of G, 
they were ppfly cur." The mater of mag it he sers do at rge 
]ds td book of Ept. fo Grge Han a physic Wter Be 
] [eues, make menton of if th eat approbation;  doth Scken 
h memorable c, and exrimental meces, c. 6. obs. 37. Tt 
amo Heebome of Montanus, wch he  oen repars   
tions d oemoel  28. lo OEan. s, e c. 148. 
d, and acks, "gto be a most soverei medy for  melancholy r- 
so, wch he hath on ven without offenoe, and found by long exri- 
ence and observations fo be such." 
Quercetan proEem a sp of heebore  h ,çpag[rlca PI. and Hee- 
l»oroEs extract cap. 5. of  vention ee (" a most e mece 
hot unfit  be given chilien") before aU remees whatsoever. 
arace, in s book of black hellebore, ats t mece, bu 
is prered by him. "It h most ceain (ith he) that the tue of 
hm-b  eat, and oemable  effect, and ttle derg from balm ilf; and 
he that ows we how to ke e of if, bath more a th Oe the 
contain, or a the doctom  Geany can show." 
an Montt  s exqui work  orb. is, ca. 31. 
e a scl receipt of  o wch   pctice "k he fotely used 
becae i  bu sho I w t i do" 
  Sympl de p«mh ij, aquœe rag. ii. 
ebori ni'i per nocm infi In gata 
 v¢l 8 . manWfa¢ oeatA 
Other receipts ofthe me  ts purpose you sha find  m. 
ah' p Hali, and Jon P«ateh ter m: the coeion of w 
Qna  «xicn m«rbnm augen$. YGnlne Trot. I. e. 6. Po.  Rhh, 
ex llclleboro. b Lib. . is mementis morb non obsui, c Modo ute der 
r»bt. « Consi]. t0.1.1. in. 1. t. c. 6. aatlon ob vomJtem pro»unt pl morboe 
pit et omnibus oh qnos Hlebom bibit. Idem Diood lib. 5. p. ]3. Ana tel a 
unquam dem qu ex una aut alters mption% Deo juvsn erint sd utem titu 
g Lib. 2. Inter composi purgatia macholm, h ngo exmento s  Obseat 
¢holicos se offen eeb ¢nrandos valere. Idem ronslone sd Anbertum, Vera •  --. " 
[imd co8 nJ itu ti et o1 mmodam sicuI , ut etIam u-  mm, 
tr, pot. ICe t hherbœevutem msmam mibilem mqé -t°sdmin" re à b 
E qutïrl  re n pl b  qu to s:btl coh ut om doter ..... mo. 
k Quo t  s   m 



Mem. 1. Subs. 3.] Pr«parativ and Purg¢rs. 9 

out new London Pharmacopoeia bath lately revived. "lPut c«e (saith he), all 
other metlicines rail, by the help of God this alone sh:dl de it, and 'ris a 
zrowned medicine which must be kept in secret." 
' ]. ]pIthyml semune.» lapidla lazull, agarlcl ana iJ. 
cammoii, J, Charlophillorum numero 20: puiverisentar 
Omni et ipsitts çulverLs aoeap. 
Te these I mayadd Arroltli vinum Bugossatum , or borage wiae belote men- 
tioned, which m ]Kizaldus calls vinun nirabil, a wonderful wine, and Stockerus 
vouches te repent verbatirrt amongst other reeeipts, lubetzs his acompound 
water out of,S'ava:zaro: Pinetus his balm ; Cardan's/'tdv/s frtttthg, with 
which, in his book d curis adrnirandis, he boasts that ho had cured many 
melancholy persons in eight days, which °Sckenkius puis amongst hi. obscrva- 
ble mediciues; Altomaa'us his sytap, with whlch Phe calls God se solemnly te 
witne3s, ho bath in his k/ad done many excellent cures, and which Sckeukius 
«ni. 7. observ. 80. mhntioneth, Daniel Sennertus, l/b. 1. part. 2. cap. 12. se 
much commends lulandus" admirable water for melaucholy, which cent. 2. 
cap. 96. ho names qpiritunrvitoe aurettr, Pavot, what net, and his absoluto 
medicine of 50 egs , curat. Empir. cent. 1. cur. 5. te be taken threoin a morn- 
ing, with a powder ofhis, qFaventinus, prac. Em?ir. doubles this number of 
eggs, and wll haro 101 te be taken by three and three in like sort, which 
Sailust Sa[viau approves, de red. ced. l/b. 2.¢. l. with seine of the saine powder, 
till ail be spent, a most excellent romely for ail melancholy and mad mon. 
' ]. Epithyml, thyml, ana drachmas duas, sa¢chari albl nnclam nnm er0cl grana tri 
(nn&momi dr&chmam naam; tico» fiat 
Ail these yet are nothlng te thoso %l.emical preparatives of ¢1 çuct C]ta[idonia, 
quintessence ofheilebvre, salis, extra, fs, distillations, oils, Aurum potabil«, 
Dr. Anthony in hia book d auropota, b., «dit. 1600, is ait and al1 for it. " 
though all the schools of Galenists, with a wicked and unthaakful prido and 
scorn, detest it in their practiee, yet in more grievous diseases,wheu theirvege- 
tals will de no good, they are compelled te seek the help of miueals, though 
they use them rasKly, unprofitably, slackly, and te no purpo.e." Ihenanus, 
a Dutch chemist, in his book de ,_çal  puteo emergente , takes upon him te 
apologise for Anthony, and sets light by ail that speak against him. Dut what 
de I meddlewith thi great controversy, which 
Let Paracelsus, Quereetan, Crollias, and the brethren ofthe ro3y cross, defeud 
themselves as they may. Craie, Erastus, and the G-qenists oppugn. Para- 
celsus, ho brags on the other aide, ho did more famous cms by this means, 
than 11 the Galenisa in Europe, and cals himseLf a monarch; Galon, lippo- 
crates, infants, illiterate, &c. As Thessalus of old railed against thoso 
Asc[epiadean writers, "the condemns others, insults, trittmphs, overcomes ail 
antiquity (saith Galon as if ho spake te him), declares himself a conqueror, and 
crowns his own doings." u Onedrop of theirchemica[ preparatives shall de more 
good than ail their fulsome potions. Erastus, and the test of the Galenists 
vilify them on the other side, as heretics in physic "XParacelsus did that in 
physic, which Luther in divinity." "YAdruken rogue he was, 
gician, ho had tho devil for his toaster, devils Iris fŒmiliar compŒnios, and 
IHo¢ posito quod alke medicinoe non valeant, Isin tuuc Dol mlscrlcordil valebih et est medicina ¢oronata 
q*tm secrotiasimb tencatur, m Lib. de artiL meoE  Se,t. 3. Optimum rem .dium aqua compoeitz 
avanaroloe. OSckenktus, obser¢. 31. Donatua ab Altomari, cap. 7. Tester Deam, me multos 
melancholicos hv solis syrapi su cura&s, faces priOa pargatioae, q Cenmm ova et vam, qaolinet 
maue sumant or& sorbilia cure equ¢nti pulvere supra ovum aspers,% et contineant quousque assmpseriut 
centum et uatm, mgaici et metanclolicia utilLmum remedium, r Quercetan. cap. 4. Pltar. Oswaldua 
çroilitm. • Cap. 1. Licet toi& Galenbinrum achol, mineralia son sine hnpio et ingrate rasta k sus practic& 
¢tetestentur; rames in gravioribus morbis, onmi vegetabilium derelictO subsidio» ad miaerali& confugi,,nt, 
liet et temer¢, ignavitr, et inutiliter usurpent. Ad flnem librL t Veterea maledictb la,osait s vincit, et 
contra omnem tmtiquitatem coron&tar, ips¢que à ge vicier declaratur. Gai. lib. L meth. ¢. 2. u Ced- 
fou, bUS de s&l¢ &lyntl;il. • Idem Paraceisus in medicina, quod Luth.Tus in theoiogia. YDisput. in 
oeuudems parte . lagas ebtlussilliteratu damnn*mpr-¢eltor¢m 



450 Cure of 
what he OEd, w d,me y the help of the de." Thus they connd and 
il, and eve mari ite ooks ro and con, e adhuc b jude l : let 
them agree a they wl, I proceeoE 
SUECT. I.Aveders. 
AVERTE and purgers mt go together,  nding all fo the saine pur- 
'pose, to divert this bellio humour, and turn if another way. In thh range, 
clys and suppositories challenge a chier plaoe, to draw thh humour om 
the bin and heart, to the more ignoble pas. Some would ve them still 
used a few days between, aud those to be ruade with the boiled seedsofas% 
fennel, and b saffron, hops, thyme, epithyme, mallows, fumitory, buglo, 
polypody, nna, diene, hamech, cass, diacathocon, hierologou off of 
olets, sweet almonds, &c. For without question, a clyster opportunely ed. 
çannot choose in this,  most other maladies, but fo do very much good 
Cysteres nutriun[, sometimes clysrs nourish, as they y be prepad, as I 
s formed hot long sice by a learned lecture of o natural philosophy 
reader, which he handled by way of dcourse, out of some other noted phy- 
çians. Such things  provoke urine most oemmend, but notsweat. Trinca- 
vellius, cosil. 16. cep. 1. in head-melancholy forbid it. P. Bayes and othe 
approve frictions of the outward parts, and to bathe them with warm watt. 
Instead of miry frictions, Cardan prescribes rubbing th nettl ti they 
bster the skin, wbich likewise SBardus Visontin so much maes. 
Sneezing, masticatories, and hases are generHy received. [ontaltus, c. 31. 
ildesheim, spl. 3. fil. 136 and 238 give several receipts of aH thr. 
erces de Saxoni relas of an empiric in Venice "bthat had a strong 
water fo purge by the mouth and nostri, wch he still ed in head-men- 
holy, and wotdd sell for no gold." 
To open months and boemorrhoi is ve good physic, " eif they bave 
been formerly stopp." Fventln would bave them openèd th horse- 
leeches, so wod Herc. de Sax. ; Juli exandrinus, coing. 185. Scoltzii 
thin o fitr: amost approve hor-leech  t e, to be apped to 
the forehead, enostrils, and other places. 
[ontaltus, cap. 29. out of Alexander and other, pcribes « rcupping- 
gloses, and issuesin the le thigh." et, l. 7. c««. , gPaul golus, 
8ylviu» wfll bave them without scarification, "applied fo the shoders 
and bk, thighs and fee:" U[ontaltus, cap. 3L « bidsopen an iue  tho 
arm, or hinder part of the head." ipiso enjoi ligatures, frictions, supposit 
ries, and cuppg-gls, stiH without soErifioEtion, and the test. 
Cauteri and hot iro are to be used "k the sute of the croc, and 
the seared or cemd place suffered to r a good whfle. 'Tis hot s to bore 
the sku th an strument, to let out the fuligino vapo." Sallt. SMd- 
anu   . l&. 2. cap. 1. "lbecsuse t humour hardly el to other 
physic, wod bave the leg caud, or the left leg, below the knee, mand 
the hed bored  two or three pl," for tt if much avaih to the eation 
of the vapours: "ni saw (saith he) a mehncholy man af Rome, that by no 
remedies cod be healed, but when by cnce he w wounded in the hd, 
and the  broken, he w exceHently cured." other, to the mimtion 
• Mtoe D. Lapwort  Ant. Phfloç. cap. de melan. ctlo rtic &e. • Aq foim 
urgans o n qum non vt o vendere. ¢ Mercuriale, cofl. . et 30. hoemoloi et 
uoîo jyÇ mo eeo upprloe Om habuet, d Laen 
.. y  • . cap. . nav OEc. Cucurbitoe sic, et fonne oee lnistro. g Hileim 
mpc 2 aporoe i cerebro trahendm 
" " " " " n  uuivel, eucbli cc, humoeim  do 
moE c pe et cra. h Fonneam pe ]t 
ict. .  Cautertum fiat mu 
rnll um minul Ç t w ob f oe ex" 1 " - « etam 
. . . P   parut. Quonmm dc . 
mmen id t m velee caute ant e ao a en m Fiant d - . oedit ahm 
tî °  momchofieum q 



Mem. 1. Suhs. 5.] Alterative. 451 

of the bcholder% "°breuklng hs hed with u full from on high, was instantly 
recovered of his dotage." Gordonius, cap. 13. part. 2. would bave theso 
cauteries tried last, when no other physio will serve. "PThe head fo be 
shaved and bored to let out fumes, which without doubt will do much good. 
I saw a melancholy man wounded in the head vith a sword, his brain-pan 
broken; so long as the wound was open he was well, but when his wound 
was heuled, his dotage returned agMn." But A]ex, der ]Iessaria, a professo, 
in Padua, l/b. l./tract, med. caI. 21. de melanclwl, will ullow no cauteries at 
all, 'ris too stiff a humour and too thick as he holds, tobe so evaporated. 
Guianerius, c. 8. Tract. 15. oured u nobleman in Savoy, by boring alone, 
"«leaving the hole open v, month together," by means of which, after two 
years' melancholy and madness, he was delivered. Ail approve of this remedy 
lu the suture of the crown; but Arculanus would bave the cautery tobe ruade 
with gold. In many other parts, these cauteries are prescrlbed for melancholy 
men, as in the thighs, (Mercuriallz, consil. 86.) arms, legs. Idem, consil. 6. and 
19 and 25. ]ffontanu% 86. Roderieus  Fonseca, tom. 2. cosult. 84. Ffo l, ypo- 
cl, md. coxâ dextrd, &c., but most in the head, "if other physie will do no good." 

VBSECT. V.--A lteratlves and Cordi.a[a, corroboratng, resolvin 9 
tiw Eel[, and ndbg  Tempament. 
ECAVSE this humour is  mMi of itsel and so hard to be removed, 
the reliqu are to be cleaed, by alterativ, cordials, and such mns: the 
temper  fo be altered and amended, th such things  foifyand strenhen 
the hea and brain, "'which are commonly both affccted in t mMady, 
and do mutually mffcct one another: 'hich are stiH to be given every 
other duy, or some few days insed after a pur, or like physi  
ooeion es, and are of such force, that many tim they help alone, and 
 "Amoldus holds in h Aphorisms, are to be "prefeTcd before oe other 
medicines,  what kind soever." 
Amongst this number of oerdia apd altemtives, I do hot find a more present 
remedy, than a cup of wine or stmng ink, if it be soberly and oprtunely 
used. It makes a n bold, hardy, coumgeous, "wetteth the wit," if 
moderately taken, (and  lutarch "saith, bmp. 7. çuœest. 12.) "it mak 
those which are othe ddl, to exhale and evapomte e unkincense, or 
quicken, (Xenophon adds)  oil doth tire." "A tmous cordial," Matthiolus 
m Dioscoridem calls it, "an exoellent nutr]ment to refish the body, it mak 
a gd colour, a flourishing age, helps concoetion, fort the stomach, takes 
twa obstructions, pmvoke urine, driv out excrements, procures sleep, clrs 
the bloed, expels wind.dnd cold poison, attenuate concos, diipat ail 
thick vapou, and fliginous humour." And that which  all  ail to my 
lmrpooe, it takes away fear and sorrow.  Cur e dsipat Evi. "It glads 
the heart of man," l. civ. 15. Ioeri du seminarium, tIelcn's bowl, 
he sole nectar of the gods, or that truc nepenthes  omer, which puts awy 
tare and grieÇ as Oribi, 5. Colc$. p. 7. and some othe will,  noght 
çlse but  cup of od wine. It makes the mind of the kg and of the 
tttherle both one, of thc bond and iee man, poer and rich ; if turneth ail 
his thoughts to joy a mirth, mak him remember no sow or dcbt, but 
oEt altem vldl melancholicum, qui ex alto dens non sine astantlum admiratione, libatns est. 
Rada caput et fiat caUterium In capite; oc dubio ista faciunt ad fumvrum exhalationem; idi 
melancholicnm h fortuna gllo vulneratum, et ¢ranium fet, quamdin vulnus apert, catu 
optime; at cure vuln natum reversg t mania, q Usque ad duram marrera trepanari fi, et per 
ense apee stetit, rCord ratio mp habenda quod cerebro oempaUtur, et se iuvicem offieiunt. 
 Aphor. . Medicina Theriac proe oeteris eilgd t Ga]en. de mp. IIb. 3. c. 3. moderate vinum 
sumptum acult Ingenlnm. u Tardos aliter et ist thnris in modum exhare facit, x Haritatem 
ut oleum flammam excitat, • Virib retinen caracum exiu, nutendo ori alimentum 
Ol,timu oetatcm floridam facl eorem Innatum foyer, concoctionem juva omachum roborat, excr 
mentis viam parat, urinam move, eonm oncili veneur, frigi«los flatus di«ipt, Ços 
tenua  coquit dufit, c. I Uor. b. 2. od. 11. « Bt dipa ong ." août.  



452 Cure ofz]lelancol/I. [Part;. 2. Sec. 5. 
em-icheth his heart, and makes lim spk by lents," Esdt i. 19, 20, 21. 
Jt v lire itself, spits, wit, &c. For which cause the ancien  Bchu% 
Liber p à libao, and bcce4 to aoeh and Æall stiH un an 
alr. "eWine murbly dk, and in time, brin gladn and cheerid- 
ns ofd, it cheereth God and men,"Jud i 13. tit Eacclus , it 
makes anold wife noe, and such  are  seto forger e andbe mer T. 
"acch et alcfls requlem morlib aff Wine ma a oubled  fo r 
a oet dnro compede vlu fortJ' Though feet wlth fte be opprt." 
Dcmetrius  lutarc when he feH to Seleucus hands, and w pnc 
in S% ""spent his rime th oe and drink that he miht so  his - 
contend n and avoid thooe oentinua] cotations of h present oendition 
whercwith he w tormen" Therefore Solomon, rov. xi. 6, bids « wine 
be given to him that  rdy to perish, and to him that bath -ief of h, 
let him drink that he forget his povey, and remember h misery no more." 
,o[ aim onus mit, it eth a burden so, nothin speier, 
nothing better; which the prophet Zachariah çeoeeiv, hen he id, "tt in 
the rime of [sias, they of Ephraim should be glad, and their h shod 
rejoioe as through we." I which makes me veT well approve of that pretty 
description of a ft  Sartholome Angcus, when grace w said, theoE 
han whed, and the ests scientlyexhilarad, with goed co,swee 
musc, dainty fare, oearatn 9rat, la it«u a«e im ruur, 
as a croHaT fo conclude the fet, and continue their mirçh,  aoe cup came 
in to chr their hearts, and they drank h]ths to one ahother ain and agi. 
Vhich  ]. Freric [atenesi Cr. Chrt. lib. 2. cap. 5, 6, & 7, w an 
ohl custom in all ages in every commonwealth, so  they be not enforced, 
bible  ontiam, but as  that royal ft of Ahuerus, wch ]ted 
180 days, "without compion they drank by order in golden veels," when 
and what they would themselves. T of ink  a mst y and parab]e 
remedy, a common, a chp, st rdy against fr, soow, and such trouble- 
some thoughts, that mo]t the nd;  brimstone with tire, the spi on 
a sudden arc enghoEned by it. "o better physic" (ith m his) "for a 
elancho]y man : and he that can keep company, and carozse, nc no other 
micines," 'tis enough. His countryman Avicea, 3 I. doct. 2. cap. 8. pro- 
ces farthcr yet, and I bave him that is troubld in mind, or melcho]y, 
hot to drink only, but now and then tobe drnnk : excellent good physic it  
for t and many other dièse. Magniuus, Eeç. son. rt. 3. c. 31. w bave 
them tobe so once a month at lt, and ves hh re for if, "kbeuse i 
scou the body by vomir, urine, swt, of ail manner of suuiti, and keeps 
it cl" Of the saine mind is Sen the opher,  h book  trang. 
lib. I. c. 15. nuç ut in ali    usq vendum; 
Cur rzz't, tt ddur, it  good sometim fo be drunk, it helps 
soow, depreth es, and so concludes th tract with a cup of wine: , 
epicur nets, nding to ]oosens of e, ly and athem, mtn 
alone by some heath, olute Arabians. prone Christi and  
exploded by abbi [oses, tt. 4. GuHel. Pcenti% I@. 1. ca. 8. VMes 
de Taran[«, and most aoeu]y ventilated by Jo. Sylvaticus, a late writer 
and physician of Man, . oent. cep. i. where you sha find th tenet 
COl,io«ly confid. 

bPansanias. VS.vracides, xxx! 28. dLegtur et prlscl CatonlsSape mero calulssevlrtus, ein 
I)ocula et aleam se pr,cipitavit, et ils fere tempus tradtLxit, ut oegr&m crapul mentem levaret, et conditionis 
pre.scntL cogitaiones quibus agitabatur obritts vltaret, fSo did the Athenians of old» aa Suldas rei&te 
and eo do the Germsus t this ty. g Lib. 6. cap. 9. et 2t. de rerum propriett, hEsther, i. 8. 
iTract. 1. cont. l. I. lon oetrua iaudabilior eo, vel cra r-elior; qui melanchoIieua, utatur eocietate 
homlnum et biberia; et qui potet autinere usum viril, non indiget aha medlcina, qu.o.d eo sont omnia ad 
usum.n.ecess .&yia hus pasaionis, kTum quod equatur lnde sudor» vomtzo uri • 
sugernmtates & corore rcmoveatur et remant cortt mundum. - 



]Iow-oever you say, if this be true, that wine and strong drink bave such 
virtue to expel fear and sorrow, and fo exhilarate the mind, ever hereafter 
let's drink and be merry. 
« 1 Prome reeonditum, Lyde steuua, ccubm, ] « Corne, lty Lyda, 11"s 
Capsciores, puer, huc sffer Scypbos, [ And, sirrsh drawer, bigger pots we lack, 
Et Chiu vins uut Lesbi." n $cio winea tbt hve 
I y with him la mA. Gelli, « lefs mintn the vigo oour souh th 
a mode cup of win%" uffat i usure  sch, "and drink to refh 
o mind; if there be any cold soow in it, .r toid bhfidncss, let's wh 
it ail away." u vino/i cu; so xth * oraoe, oe th Ac»con, 
Let's dve do OEre ith a cup ofwe: and so say I too (though 
ne mysel0, for ail this may be done, so that it be modtly, soberly, oppor- 
tuuely ed : so that "they be not dnk with we, wherein h exc,," which 
out °Apostle forewarns; for as rysoetom well commen on tt pce, 
tita datum  vinum,  ad ebrtat, 'tis for mih n% but hot for 
madness: and wiH you know wheoe, when, and how that is fo be undemtoed 
Vis de u bum  vinum ? Audi qu dca$ Scura, hr the Sip- 
tnr, "Give wine to them that are in soow," or  Pa bid Timothy drink 
wine for his stomach's ke, for conctlon, hlth, or some such hont 
om Other,  PPny tel us; ff singular moeeration bv hot had, 
«qnotg so pernicious, 'tis mere vinegar, bnd a, poison itself." 
But hr a more feaM doom, Habac. . 15. & 16. "Woe be fo him that 
nak  neighbour dnk, shameful spewing shall be upon s glo." Let 
hot good fellows triumph theroEo (sth [attolus), that I haro so much 
eommeuded we; if iV be immoderaly taken, "ste of making glaJ, if 
confounds both body and soul, it makes a giddy hd, a sorrowful hrt." 
And 'tw weH id of the poet of old, « We causeth mirth and ief," 
rnothing so good for some,  bad for othem, especlly 
ca cal«  ent, that are hot or inflmed. And so of spices, they 
alono,  I bave showed, cae head-melancholy themselves, they must 
use we  an tordiny drink, or in thcir diet. But to determine with 
Laurentius, c. 8.  . wine is bad for madmen, d such as are troubled 
with heat in the inuer pa or brains; but fo melancholy which 
most is), wine, berly ed, may be very goed. 
I may y tho me of the decoetion of CM roets, ssaf, mapilla, 
guaium: Chin ith Ianard, mes a goed colour in the face, takcs 
avay melancholy, and all infirties preeding fmm cold, even so sapoe 
rira provokes sweat mightfiy, guaiacum dri, Claudinu¢ con. 89. & 46. 
Iontanus, Capivacciu¢ c,l$. 188. Scolzii, make 5"equent and od t of 
gttaiacum and China, "Uso tt the liver be hOt inced," 
arc cold,  most mehncholy men are but by no m to  mentioned in 
hot. 
The Turks bave a dSnk Hed coffee (for thoy use no wine), so named of a 
bey  black  soot, and  biffer (like that black drink which 
amont the oemouians, and pha the me), which they 
and sup as warm as they can surfer; they spend much time in thoee coffee- 
bouse, whieh are somewhat like o alehoes or taverns, and there thcy sit 
ctting and king to drive away the te, and to ho mer togee 
I Hot. m Lib. 15. 2. noct. A. Vlgorem anl mora ç! u tueamur, et eefto im r«fo- 
que animo  quid in  vel fm.doe isti vei toena vereœe erig mu 
7. * Od. . ]lb. l. . am proeat ebum me quam mo JŒee o Eph. v. 18. ser. 19. 
cap. 5.  Lib. 14. 5. fl icioius virib  mod a veuum, q Theoi I'l. 
d loeti et dulorem.  Rçdeu. v )[ercualis conil 25. Vlnum kidi, optimum. 
[eimum na me]a, ehol t Yee» con»ff.  e » v 
M j non 



beoEuse hey find by experlence that kind of drink, se used, helpeth digestion, 
and procureth alacrity. Seine of thcm take opium te this purpose. 
Borage, balm, sffron, gold, I have spoken of; Mont.situe, c. 23. commends 
soerzouera roots condite. Garcias ab Horto, p[«nt, hi«t. lib. 2. cap. 25. makes 
mentiott of an herb called dat.ura, "x which, if it be eaten, for twent.y-four 
hauts followlng takes away ail »case of grief, makes them incline te laughter 
and mirth :" and another called bauge, like in effect, te opium, « which pues 
them for a time into a kind of ecstasy," and mmkes them gently te laugh. One 
of the ]oman emperors had a seed, which he did ordinarily est. t.o exhilarato 
himself. YChristophorus Ayrerus prefers bezoar st.one, and the confection of 
alkermes, before other cordiale, and amber in seine ca.ces. « z Alkermes cern. 
forts the inner parts;" and bezoar st.one bath an epecial virtue against all 
melancholy affections, "ait rofresheth thc heart, and corroborates the whol« 
body." bAmber provokes urine, heIps thc body, breaks wind, &c. After 
purge, 3 or 4 grains of bezor stone, and 3 grains of ambergrease, drunk or 
taken in borage or bugloss water, in which gold hot hat.h bcen quenched, will 
de mach good, and thc purge will dimlnish less {the heart se refreshed of the 
strongth and substance of the body. 
Buccini albi subtilis& pulverisat. jj cure 
yrup. de cort. cltri; t electuarium. 
Te bezoar stone most subscribe, ]Kanardus, and em¢taj, ochers; «if takes 
away sadness, and makes him merry that useth it.; I bave seen seine that 
bave been much diseased with faintness, swooning, and melancholy, that tak- 
ing the weight, of three grains of this st.one, in the water of oxtonm, have 
been cured." Garcias ab Horto brags how many de3perate cures he bath donc 
upon mclancholy men by this Moue, whan all physicians had forsaken them. 
But alkermes many except against; in seine cases if may help, if if be good 
and of the best., such as tlt of Montpelier in France, which dIodocus Sin- 
cerus, Iti#zerario G«lliv, se much magnifies, and would bave no travelleromit 
te see if made. But it. is net. se ueral a medicine as the other. Fernelius, 
c,msil. 49, suspects a]kermes by tesson of its best, "enothing (saith he), sooner 
exasperates this clisease, than the use of hot working meats and mecllcines, 
and would bave them for that cause warily taken." I conclude, therefore, of 
this and all other medicines, as Thucydides of the plague at. Athens, no 
remedy could be prescribed for it, 1Vain quod uni profuit, hec aHis erat eitio : 
there is no catholîc medicine te be had'- that which helps one is pernicious 
te another. 
Diamargaritum frigldum, dlambra, diabovaglnatum, de, ctuarium vtificans 
Galeni et R£asis, de gemmis, dianthos, diamoschum du]ce et amarum, etua. 
rium conciliatoris, syrujo. Cidonium, de omis, conserves of roses, violets, 
fumitory, enula campana, satyrion, lemons, orange-pills condite, &c.» have 
their goocl use. 
 f I, Dlamoschi dulcls et msrt, aua ij. 
Diabuglossatl, Dial3orsginatl eacchari violace|, 
anaj. misce cure eyrupo le lml; ' 
Every physlclan i full of such reoelpt.s: one on]y  wi]I adcl for the rarenes 
of if, wch I find recorded by many learned aut.ho, as an approved mediclne 
x Per 2 laor enurn dolris omnem toli]t, et ridere fa¢lt, • Hlldeshelm Pleel . • &ikerme 
ornais vltalia viscera mire confortat, • Contra otaries melanchollcos affectu confert, se certain et ipeiu| 
uu omnes eortlis et corpori vites mirum In modum reflcL b Succinum vero alb/mimum eonfortt 
ventTiculum, flatum dlcutit, urinam movet, 
advcrsu ome . . eGarci.a:s, ab.Horto, aromatum llb. I. ca . 
morbo mel•n¢holico conducmt, et vennum. Ego (mqmt) utor in morhl melan¢]3lo 
&c, et deploratos hujus usa ad lortinam gxuitatem retltni. Sec more In aUhlnna" book de lap. Bezoar 
. 45. d Edit. 161"/. MonspeliJ electuarium fit loreciocimum Aleherm. &e. • 
une oeque exasperat, se alimentorum vel cahdiorum usus Alcherme ldeo oenee,--- .  orum 
moneam, tante edhibenda callds medtcamenta fSckenkïn I • .t --- - e qUOd eemel 
...... . . - . --- ............ te© mam, ad menus 



Mena. 1, 8ubs. 5.] 0ure fl-eacJrclanchaly. 4.55 

against dotage, head-naelancholy, and such diseases of the brain. Take a 
gram's head that never meddled with an ewe, eut off at a blow, and the horns , 
ouly take away, boil it well, skis and wooI together; after it is welI sod, take 
out the brains, and put these spices to it, cinnamon, ginger, nutnaeg, naaee, 
eloves, ana  1. mingle the powder of these spices with it, and heat them in 
a platter upon a cbafing-dish of coals t%ether, stirring them well, that they 
do sot burn; tako heed it be noç overmuch dried, or drier than a calf's brains 
ready fo be eaten. Keep it so prepared, and for three days give it the patient 
lasting, so that he last two hours after it It may be eaten with bread, in an 
egg or broth, or any way, so it be taken. For fourteen days let him use this 
diet, drink no wine, &c. Gesner, hst. animal lib. 1.19ag. 917, Caricterius, 
ioract. 13. in Virh. de ¢nerl. pag. 129. Iat.ro : Witenberg. edit. Tubing. lag. 62, 
naention this medicine, though with sonae variatfon$ he thab lift naay try it, 
«and many such. 
Odoranaents to smell fo, of rose-water, violet flowers, balm, rose-cakes, 
vinegar, &c., do nauch recreate the brains and spirits, according to Solomon. 
lrov, xxvii. 9. "They rejoice the heart," and, as some say, nourizh : 'ris a 
question commonly controverted in our schools, an odores nutriant: let Ficinus» 
lib. 2. cap. 18. decide it; hmany arguments he brin to 13fore if; as of Demo- 
critus, that lived by the smell of bread alone, applied fo his nostrils, for some 
few days, when for old age he could est no meat. Ferrerius, lib. 2. meth. 
speaks of an excellent confection of his naaking, of wine, saffron, &a, which 
he prescribed to dull, weak, feeble, and dying mes to smell to, and by it to 
bave donc very much good, eequ$ ferè proEuiss« olfactu et potu, as if he hacl 
given them drink. Our noble and learned Lord  Veru]am, in his book de vite2 
et morte, commends, therefore, aH such cold smelLa as any way serve to refli- 
gerate the spirit,. ]Iontanus, con»il. 31, prescribes a form which he would 
bave his naelancholy patient never fo have out of lais hands. If you vill haro 
them sparically prepared, look in Oswaldus Crollius, laz-il. Chymica. 
Irrigations of the head shaven, "lof the flowers of water-lilies, lettuce, 
violets, canaonaile, wild naallows, wether's-head," &c., must be used many 
naornings together, hIontan., eonsil. 31, would have the head so washed once 
a week. Loelius à fonte Eugubinus, consult. 44, for an Italian courir, troubled 
vith head-naelancholy, repeats many naedicines which he tried, "kbut two 
alono which did the cure; use of whey ruade of goats' milk, with the ex'tract 
of hellebore, and irrigations of the head with water-lilies, lettuce, vlolets, 
canaonaile, &c., upon the suture of the crown." Piso commends a rana's lungs 
applied hot to the fore part of the head, or a young lanab divided in the back, 
exenterated, &c. ; all acknowledge the chief cure in moistening throughout 
Some, saith Laurentius, use powders and caps to the brain; but foraznauch as 
such aronaaticalthings are hot and dT, they must be sparingly administered. 
Unto tho heart wo naay do well to apply bags, epithenaes, ointments, of 
xvhich Laurentius, c. 9. de rndan, gives examples. Bruel prescribes an epi- 
theme for the heart, of bugloss, borage, water-lily, violet waters, sweet wine, 
balm leaves, nutmegs, cloves, &c. 
For the belly, naake a fomentation of oil, mis which the seeds of cummin, 
rue, carrotq, dill, bave been boilecL 
Baths are of wonderful great force in this malady, nauch admired by n Galen, 

ff Caput arlctla nondum expertl venerem, uno letu amputatum, cornlbus tantum demotis, inteffrum eum 
lana et pelle bene clixabi, tutu aperto cerebrum eximes, et addes aromata, &c. 
u»tus, et vinO potUS rnelancholiam curat, et rasttra cornu F.hinoceroti$, &c. Sckenkius. h Instar in 
matrice, qubd sursurn et deorsum ad odoris ensum proecipitatur. " Viscount St. Alban's. i Ex 
decoctO florum nympheoe, lactuc violarum, chamomila, altheoe, caplti vervecum, &c. k Inter auxili a 
multa adhibits, duo visa stmt remedium sdferre, uu seri caprini cure extracto Hellebori, et irrigatio ex 
lcte Nympheoe viol.s.r,, rn, .&.c. sutttr coronali adh.ib.ita; his rcmediis.sanita p.risfl!n& adeptes est. 
I C-nfert et pulmo ar,et,, cal,dus ag.u. per dorsum mv,sus, excnterata.% aamotu 
catai, rut.% datte.», .tCz;hi t'ot't,t. a ib. 3. '.la luc 



456 Cure o.f' ela,c/wly. [Part. 2. Sec. 

Etius, Rhasls, &c., of sweet water, in which are boiled the leaves of mallows, 
roses, violets, water-lilies, wether's-head, flowers of buglo, camomile, melilot, 
&c. Guianer. cap. 8. trac$. I5, would bave them used twice a day, and when 
they corne forth of the baths, their back bones te be anointed with oil of 
almonds, violets, nymrhea, fresh capon grease, &c. 
Amuleta and things te be borne about, I find prescribed, taxed by seine, 
approved by Renodoeus, lalaterus (amuleta inqui non nligenda), and others; 
look for them in Mizaldus, laola, Albertus, &c. Bassardus Vcontinus, ant. 
Ihilos. commends hypericon, or St. John's wort gathered on a PFriday in the 
heur of" Jupiter, whcn if cornes te his effectual opemtion (that is» about the 
full moon in July); se gathered and borne, or hung about the neck, if mightily 
helps this affection, and drives away all fantastical spirits." q labiles, a Greek 
author that flourished in the rime of hlichael laaleolos, writes that a sheep 
or kid's skin, whom a voff vorHed, rlI«e:b«s iMu-mani raptus ab ore lupi, 
ought net af ali te be worn about a man, "because if causeth palpitation of 
the heart," net for any fcar, but a secret vhue which amulets bave. A ring 
made of the hoof of an ass's right fore foot carried about, &c. I say with 
°Renodoeus, they are net altogether te be rejecte¢L laeony doth care epilepsy; 
[recious stones, most dieases; fa wolï's dung borne with one helps the colic» 
a spider an ague, &c. ]3eing in the country in the vacation rime net many 
years since, st Lindley in Leicestershire, my father's house, I first observed 
this amulet of a spider in a nutshell lapped in silk, &c., se applied for an a¢me 
by • my mother; whom, although I lew te have excellent skill in chirurgery, 
«ore eyes, aches, &c., and such experimental medicines, as all the countt T 
where she dwelt can witness, te bave donc many ïamous and good cures upol 
diverse poor folks, that were otherwise destitute of help : yet amont ail othcr 
experiments, this methought was most absurd and ridiculous, I could sec no 
oearrant for it. Qail arawa cumfebre? For what antipathy? till af length 
rambling amongst authors (as often I de) I found this very medicine in Diosco- 
rides, approved by Matthiolus, rcpeated by Alderovandus, cap. de Aranea, lib. 
de insectis, I began te have a beter opinion of it, and te give more credit te 
a mulets, when I saw if in seine parties answer te experience. Seine medicines 
are te be exploded, that consist of words, characters, spells, and charms, which 
can de no good ai all, but out of a strong conceit, as Pomponatius proves; or 
the devil's t)olicy, who is the first founder and teacher of them. 

Suns.cr. VI.--Correclors of Accldens o procure Slee 2. Aga£nsg fea:fu 
1)reams, Rednezs, &c. 

Ve- you have used al1 good means and helps of a]teratlves, averte, 
diminutlves, yet there will be stiilcertain accidents te be corrected and amended» 
as waking, fearful dreams, flushing in the face te seine ruddiness, &c. 
Waking, by tesson of their continual cares, fears, sorrows, dry brain.u, is a 
symptom that mueh crucifies melancholy men, and must thereIore be speedily 
helped, and sleep by ail means procured, which sometimes is a sufficieat y remedy 
of itself without any other physic. Sckenkins, in his Observations, bath an 
example of a woman that was se cure& The means te procure it, are inward 
or outwar¢L Inwardly taken are simples, or compounds; simples, as poppy, 
nymphe.a, violets, roses, lettuce, mandrake, henbane, nightshade or solanunl 
aaffron, hemp-seed» nutmegs, willows, with their seeds, juice, decoctinns, dis- 

o Tetrab. 2. ser. I. cap. I0. P Cap. de rnel. collecturn die vener, hors Aovls cure. ad..Energlam venlt, I. e. 
ad pleuilunlurn Julll, Inde gesta et collo appeusa hune affectum apprime Juvat et zauat]cos splritua expelllt 
q L. de pro.pri.etat, anlma;, ovis i lupo corept-'p pellcm non esse pro lndumen.to e.orporis Uaurpandam cordiï 
euim palp, tat, onem excltat, &c. rZIart. Slhar. iib. I. cap. 12. ffi atius, cap. -1. Ter 'ser • 
u Dioscoride% Ulyasea .Iderovandu$ de aranea, x Liatreaa Dorothy Burton he died, 169 " • " -" 
• omno curata et eitr& medie! &ailiam» foLI,5, • -ooio 



blem. 1.8ubs. 6.] Cre of TIead-Mdancholy. 457 

tilled waters, &c. Compounds are syrups, or opiates, syrup of poppy, violeta, 
verbasco, which are common|y taken with distilled waters. 
- diacodil j. dla.eordil  lquoe |tctlloe 
mlta fiat potlo ad horam eomnI eumenda. 
leque licholal, 1)hilonlura lomanura, Trphera magna, tdJulv d Cyno- 
gIossa, Dscordium, Laudanum Paracelsl, OTium , are in use, &c. Country 
folks commonly make a posset of hemp-seed, which Fuchsius in his herbal so 
much discommends; yct I haro seen the good effect, and it may bo used 
where better medicines are hot fo be had. 
Laudanum _Paracelsi is prescribed in two or three gwains, wlth a drachm of 
Diascordium, which Oswald. Crollius commends. Opium itself is most pat 
used OEtwardly, fo smell fo in a ball, though commonly so taken by the Turks 
to the samc quantity Zfor a cordial, and at Goa in the Indies; the dose 40 or 
50 grains. 
14ulandus calls Requkra cholal, uhlraura re.fuglum, thc last refuge; but 
of ghis and the test look for peculiar reeeipt in Victorius Faventinus, cap. da 
plrens., YIeurnius, cap. de man/a, l-lildesheim, splcel. 4. de somno et vlgil. &e. 
Outwardly ued» as oil of nutmegs by extraction, or expression with rosewater 
to anoint tho emples, oils of poppy» nenuphar, mandrake, purslain, violets, ail 
o the ame purpose. 
ontmL consil. 24: and 25. much eommends odoraments of opium, vine- 
gar, and rosewater. Laurentius, cap. 9. prescribes pomander- and nodules 
ee the reeeipts in him; Codronchus» awormwood go smell 
Unguentura Alabastrltum, poTuleum , are used go anoint the temples, 
trils, or if they be too weak, they mix affron and opium. Take a grain or 
Cwo of opium, and dissolve i with hree or four drops of rosweater in a spoon, 
and after mingle with ig as mueh Unguentura populeura as a nut, u it as 
before: or else gake hall a draehm of opium, Unguentura populeum, oil o| 
nenuphar, rosewater, rose-vinegar, ofeaeh hall an ounce, with as mueh virn 
wax as a nut anoint your temples with some of if, ad horam somni. 
8aeks of wormwood, mandrake, °henbane, roses ruade iike pillows and laid 
under Che patient's head, are mentioned by aCardan and izaldus, "fo anoint; 
he solos of he feet with he f of a dormotme, the teeth with car wax of 
dog, swine's gall, harc's ears :" eharms, &o. 
Frontlets are well known fo every good wife, rosewater and vinegar, wlth 
a little woman's milk, and nut.megs grated upon a rose-eako applled go both 
emplea. 
For an emplaster, take of eastorlum a draehm and a half, of opium halî a 
eruple, mixed both togegher with a littlo water oflffo, mako two small plazera 
thereof» and apply them o the mples. 
Rulandus, cent. 1. eut. 17. cent. 3. cur. 9. preseribes epithemes and lotlon 
of ho hend, with the deeooEion offlowera of nymphea, violet-leaves, mandrako 
roogs, henbane, whito poppy, ter¢, de 8axoni', stillicid/a, or droppin, &o. 
Lotions of tJae fee do much avail of the aid herbs: by theso means, saith 
Laurentius, I think you may proeuro sleep fo the most .melancholy man in 
world. 8orne use horseleeehes behind the ers» and apply opium fo the place. 
 Bayerus, l/b. 2. e. 13. sers down ome remedies against fearful drems, and 
mch as walk and Calk in their sleep. ]3aptista Porta, Moxj. na¢. L 2. e. 6. o 
iroeuro pleasn dreams and quiet test, would havo you take hippoglossa, 
or tho herb horetnguo» balm» go use them or their distilled waters after 

s Bel]onlus, observat, lib. $. cap. 15. lItndlnem et Isbores anlml tol]unt; Inde Gsrclss ab Horto, lib. I. 
cap. 4. sirop, med. • Absythlum somnos allieit ofactu, b Read Lemniua, lib. her. bib. cap. 2. e4 
Mandrake. • Hyocyamn sub cerviea]i viridis. 1 lautam pedie iungere pigucdie gliris icunt 
e¢aci|rnum, et quod vlx credl potest dente$ innneto ex eorditie aurium caais mtma profundKm c 
¢.i]ie./Xc. Cardn oie rerum vsrietat. ¢ Veni mecum lib. 



458 C«re of «;Ielancolst. [ParL. o.. ec. 5. 

supper, &c. Such men must not eat beans, peas, garlic, ouions, OEbbago 
veon, re,  bk  or y mt hard of tion ai pr, or 
on the bks, &c. 
t , buln, flg n the faoe» hgh colour, ruddn are 
coon evan, wch much roture many mehncholy me when they 
mt a man, or corne in  compy of the bette, stmnge, ar a mÇ or 
 ty nk a p of e or rong n they are  red and flect, d swt 
  they d boen at a yofs ft, oestim si  «ss, if exoeeds, 
g they tnk eve man oboerves, k nofioe of it : hnd fr alone  effe 
i suspicion thout any other oea Sckenus, s. . l. 1. sa of 
a wting gentlewoman in the De of Savofs co, that w so much 
offended th it, tt she led do  m, and offed Biams, a physician, 
ail that she h   ced of it. And 't most te, that h ny Ludod- 
cus ith   book  P«, "bln either hu or hein," such 
men I ara sure it hu If it prooe @oto picion or fr, i FeloE Plar 
prbes no other remedy but  reje and coute it: Idp 
sciieZ,  a k wohy physicn  o  raid  a end of ne in le 
e, compling thout  OEe, ppose one loek red, wht tter 
ma lht ofit, who o it$ 
Ifit trouble at or afr meals (m  Jobem ob, d.t. I. I. c. 7.), 
aoe  little exercée or stg, for many are then hot and red  the faoe, or 
 they do nothing at a pecially women ; ho would ve them let blo lu 
both as, fit one, then another, two or tee ys betwn, if blood abound ; 
to e ctiom of the other pas, fet especly, d wmg of them, b 
came oftt consent which  betwn the hd and the feet. m d tI 
 regete the çaoe, by wg if on th rose, olet, nenupr, 
tuoe, love ter, d the like: but the best of all is that c virginale, or 
stred quor of Htar: it  dively prepared; by Jortus th 
lg]r, arpent, unc. j. cesæ camæ, 5j. phuroe, Dij. dissolvanttr 
m soni, æ,  nup a u. j. eti vini albi, unc. ij. 
aliq as resit,  transmittur p phi.  sur in vase 
vitr,   b te f qtM irrur. = Queean spir, pr. cap. 
commen he water of o' spa for rudess in he oe. « Gra, 
283. 8coltzii wod fa ve hem e a summer he condie flowe 
of succo, strawbe waer, ros (cuppg-ges are goo for he 
il. 285. et 286. anà o defee pur¢ bloed h he infion of sea, 
vo, bnlm a. » olle ew one cur alone th he use of 
co boed, and d for ve monh eve moing  he summer. « It 
 go ovexgh o anoint he faoe wih barris bloed, and  he morg 
wh i wih sçrawben anù ¢owslip water, $he juioe of ùiste lemo,jui 
of cucbe, or   the oee of melon, or kee OE h bn small, 
or he roos of o d eù th mh bn  bake i in  oven, 
o cble i in stw water, t or  put esh ¢he ¢ur  a d f. 
If i trouble them a meal  hat flhg,  o i doh, th swting 
or he e, y m avoi a olen ions aud action,  laugng, &c., 
strong ù, and i ve fith,  one dugh, h , d ha about 
he midst of their meal avoid ai ail tes da 1, d espeelly 



tCto preb the oen fit of d m, o s noblemsn 
fo be ten belote ner or supper, to the tity of a chestnut. 
er g,  tt of oes. The doeoon of the roo of sohlstle belote 
mt, by the ssme author  much apçroveoE To t of s ked spple me - 
adv, or of s prerved oe, mmid prepred th meat d of 
lt, to kee do fumes : hOt to study or fo be tentive afer me. 
' . Nuclrum peI  melon, ana 
 o L JJ.  ut 
UTo apply pping gls to the shoulde  ve goooE For the other 
kind of ddess wch  ttled in the ce with pimple &c., because it 
pes hot  my subject, I 1 hot meddle with if. I refer you  Crato's 
counse, old, lib. 1. evoEr. cap. 39. 1. ulde, Peter Fores de 
uco, lib. 1. o. 2. To ter, eurial Ulm, oadoleti, 
ni, Menadous, and othe that ve itten largely of if. 
Those other ec and spto of hdache, palpitlon of h, 
$igo, delulum, &c., wch trouble many melchol men, becae they 
aro copiomly hed apa  evc physicn, I do voltiIy ot. 

]IEI[B. II. 
H the melcholy blood possth the whole body with the braln, it 
bestto begln with blood-tting. The Greeks pri the y median or middle 
ve fo be opened, and so much bloed to bc taken away  t patient maywell 
pare, and the cut tha is me mt be de enough. The Arabus hold if 
fittest to be ken from tt a on which side there is more pain and heavi- 
ness in the hd : if blk blood issue foh, bleed on ;  it be clear and good, 
let it be sntly suppre "bause the malice of melancholy  much 
correed bythe goodness of the b]ood." If the py's strength  hot admi 
much evaction  this nd ai once, it must be yed a and aga : ifib 
may hot be conveniently taken om thv arm, it must be taken om the knees 
and ankles, esplly  such men or women whoeehoemorrhoids or mont bave 
been stope ail the mady continue, it  hot ami to errate 
in the forchead, d fo rns in the an who are mencholy for love 
matte; so to widows that are much ieved and troubled with soow and 
cares  for bad blood flows  the hrt and so crucffies the mind. The hoemor- 
vhoids are to be opened with an stment or ho]eh, &a Soe more in 
Iontaltus, ca F. 29. bkenkius hath  ample ofone that was 
aoeidenhlwodingh, muchbleedhg -eedhimommelancholy. Diet, 
diminutiv, alrativ oerdis, oerrecto  bere, hred  ooeiou 
see "eall the study must be to make a mencholy man  d then tho 
cure is ended." Diuretica, or mecines to proche e, e preb by 
eome h t d, hot d cold: hot, where the ht ofthe Hver doth not forbid; 
eld, where the ht of the liver  ve t : damongst hot are parsley roo 
lovage, fennel, &a : cold, moa eds, &, th whey of goal' m wch 
 the common oenveyer. 
To  and epurify the blood,  sowthistle, , senna, en,ve, car- 
du benedictus, ddelion, hop, maidenhair, mito, buglo, bomge, &c., 
with their juice, decoctions, dted te, sps, &c. 
t lm ¢o  el. ldur ns    te pnam  oenm  m 
t De rlcum uc, al ante m euatur, v 
p ZPo. Man  a zSui moH m k le tate co- 
t. aFervnte mo ex qcq e n de deb b Obstt fol 1St eatu. 
ex   e oh m u «S t em.e ut meo ç: Z quo 
(cnicufi; inter l em  men   po qu 
um ronoe» Uvl% nt  e c ct e quo ter reme 



460 Cur6 of Melancholy. [Part. 

Oswaldus Crullius, Basil. Chym. much admires aalt ofcorals in this case, and 
2Etitm, terabib, ser. 2. cap. ll. ||ieram Archigenis, which la an excellent 
medicine to purify the blooà, "for aH melancholy affections, falling aickness, 
none to be compared fo if." 

MEMB. III. 
Smszoe. I.--Cur« qf Hypochoadrlacal Mdanchoy. 
I ts cul, as in the test, is eseially requir the rectifioEtlon of tho 
sx non-naturel things above ail,  good diet» which Moneanu¢ consul. 2. en- 
joins a French nobleman, "fo bave an especial cre of if, wlthout which all 
other remedies ein vai" Blood-letting is hot to beud, except the tient's 
body be very full of blood, and that it be derived from the liver and spleen to 
the stomach and his vesoeh, then fro dw if back, to cut the inuer velu of 
either arm, some say Che sa[vatella, and ff the mady be continuate, gto open 
a rein in the fohead. 
Preparatives and alteratives may be used 
be rester had  well fo the liver, spleen, stomach, hypochondries,  fo th 
hrt and bmin. To comfo the hstomach and ner pas aiast nd and 
obstction¢ by Aretcus, Gle bius, Auren, & and many lar 
ritem, are sti prcribed the decoctiona of wormwood, centaury, penny- 
roui, tony sodden  whey and dMly drunk ; many have been cured by 
this medicine alon¢ 
Prosper tinus and some othem  much maify the ter of fle agas 
this malady, an eapecial goed mmedy for windy-melaneho]y. For which reon 
bee Ptolemeus Phildphus, when he maied hia daughter reuioe fo th 
king of Assois (as Cel.us, lib. 2, reoerds), magis impeis Ni 
]ussit, fo s eat charge caïd the water of Nile fo be carded with her, and 
gave command tha during her le she should use no other drinL I find tho 
tht commend u ofapplc% in splenetic and this kind of melancholy (lamb's 
wool, some call if), xvhich howsoever approved must oealnly be corrected of 
cold rawness and wind. 
Codmnchusin s book de s abysnth, maifi the oil and lt of worm xvood 
above ail other remedi» " iwhich worka better and speedicr than any shapl, 
whaoever, and much fo be pmferred before l tho fulsome decoctions and 
sions, whieh must offend by rein of their quantity; thia alon in a small 
me taken, expels wiud, and that mo foibly, moves ure» clnseth 
the stomh of ail gross humoum, cditi, helps apti," &c. Araoldus 
bath a wormwood we which he wod haw e wch every pharmc 
poein speaka of. 
Diminutives and purges may kbe 
which Montanus, ¢oil. 230. for an Itali abbot, in this d prefem befom 
a other simples, « land the must be often d, stfll abstaining om 
wch are more violent ]est they do esrate he atomach, &e., and th 
mischief by tha means be incred.  Thoh in som physians I find 
very strong purrs, hellebore itself pefibed in th affection. If if long 
contue, vomits y bc taken aer ment, or otherse gently procured with 
warm r» oxel, &c., now and then. Fuchsiu% cap. 33. ptscribes hello 
bore ; but st te hoed  th malady, which I bave oe waed, of hot 
fLaentia% cap. 15. esios a ven Inteam tus bhil œe. S  penax morb 
venam fron serbe. Be h Ego am c mho delegffi 
! tlu$ et ci u r eroet quam lt dta 
[[oma urenuu  I& z  und pi 1: a emenob m endu 
 vm eeren 



5rem 3. 8uba. 1.] C'are f llgpochondriacal M«lancholy. 

461 

medieines, " becanse (as Salvianus add») drouht follows heat, whieh increa.- 
eth the cil•case :" and yet Baptisa Sylvaticus, contrer. 32. forbicls cold medi- 
cines, "because they inerease obstruction•, and other bd symptoms." But 
this varie as the parties de, and 'ris net easy te determine which te use. 
"°The stomeh most part in this infirmity is eold, the liver hot ; scarce there- 
fwe (which ]Kontanus insinuates, corsil. 229. fi)r the Earl of Ianfort) can you 
hclp the one ad hot hurt the other:" much discretion must be nsed tako 
no physie af ail he eoncludes without great need. Loelius 2Eugubinus, consil. 
t;»r an hypochundriacal German prince, used many medicines; but it was after 
ignifiel te him in PletteroE. tbat the decoction of Chinaaud sassafcas, and sait 
of sasafras, wrought him an incredible good." In his 108 con•uit, he used as 
hapl)ily the saine remedies ; this te a third might bave been poison, by over- 
hcating lais liver ad blood. 
For the other parts look for remedles in Savanarola, Gordonius, ][assaria, 
:Mercatus, Johnson, &c. One for the spleen, amongst many other» ] will net 
omit, cited by Hildesheim, spicel. 2. prescribed by ]Iat. Flaccus, and out of 
the authority of Benevenius. znthony Benevenius in a hypochondriacal 
passion, «q cured an exceeding great swelling of the spleen with capers alone» 
a meat befitting that infirmity, and frequent use of the water of a smith's forge 
by this physic he helped a sick man, whom all other physicias had for.akeu, 
that tbr seven years had been splenetie." And of such tbrce is this water, 
"rthat those creatures as drink of it, have eommonly little or no spleen." Sec 
nmre excellent medicines for the spleen in ltim, and SLod. ]Iercatus, who is a 
great magnifier of this medicine. This Chalyb$ proeparatus, or steel-drink, 
much likewlse eommended te this disease by Daniel Sennertus, l. 1. part 2. 
cap. 12. and admired by J. Coesar Claudinus, l?espons. 29. he calls steel the 
proper talexipharmacum of this malady, and much mamaifics it ; look for 
receipts in them. Averters must be used te the liver and splcen, and te soeur 
the meseraic rein• ; and they are either too open or provoke urine. You eau 
open no place better than the hoemorrhoids, "which if by horse-leeches they 
ho ruade te ttow, Uthere may net be again such an excellent remedy," as Plater 
lmlds, Sallust Salvian. will adroit no other phlebotomy bnt this; and by 
experience in an hospital which he kept, he round all mad and melancholy men 
woze tbr other bloodletting. Laurentius, cap. 15. calls this of horse-leeches 
a sm remedy te empty the spleen and me•craie membnme. Only ][ontanus, 
eo/. 241. is against it; "Xto other men (saith he) this opening of the 
hoemorrhoids seems te be a profitable remedy j for my part I de net approve 
ofit, beeause it draws away the thinnest blood, andleaves the thickest behind." 
JEtius Vidtts Vidius, Iercurialis, Fuchsius, recommend diurctics, or such 
things as provoke urine, as aniseeds, dill, fennel, germander: ground pine, 
sodden in water, or drunk in powder; and yet P. Bayerus is against them; and 
se is Hollerius : "ll melancholy men (saith he) must avoid such things as 
i)rovoke urine, because by them the subtle or thinnest is evacuated, the thicker 
marrer remaills." 
Clysters are in good request. T4ncavellius, lib. 3. cap. 38. for a young 
nobleman» euteems of them in the ftrst plat% and Hercules de Saxonlâ lagh. 

mLIb. . cap. 1. Quonlam ¢alldltate conJtmcta et slceitas quoe malum suget. Qulsquis frigidl 
axii| hec morbo u.us fuet-it, i$ ltrctiuem vique •ymltomata aagehtt, o Vetrtulv. 
rumqtm fagidu epar calidum; quomodo ergo ventriculum calefciet, vel refrlgerabit hepar ine alteriu 
aximo detrimento   Signlflcatum per literas, incredibilem utilitatem ex decoctO Chin et Sassafras 
percepiss- q Tumorem •pleni incurabilcrn ola c.pparl curavit, cilm tll -ritndini aptissimo : oloq ue 
ttsu aqu, in qua fber feTarhm soepe candens ferrera extinxerat, &c. rAnimalia qu apud hos fbros 
edncaltUl', exiguos habcnt lieues, • L. 1. cap. 17. t Continuus ejus usus sempcr felicem in oegris fiem 
est asSc,|uutu•, u Si Hemorrolde fluxerint, nullum roetalgtit es.et remedittm0 qtu sangulsugis admotis 
provocari poterunt, observat, lib. 1. pro hypoe leguleio, • Aliis apertio hoec in hec morbo videtur utilis- 
simal mihi non admOdlm probatur, quia sanguinem tenuem attrahit et crassm reliaqult. ILib. 2. cp. 
13. omnc m¢iaachol/el dcbeat omittre urlmun provo¢aati guoalam er  duftgr nubtlle et 



4ç2 Cor« of /'«/lwy. [P-r. 2. Sec. 

lib. 1. cap. 16. is a gr,-at approver of them. "'I have found (saith he) by 
experience, that many hypochondriacal melancholy men bave been cured by 
the sole use of clystera," receipts are to be had in him. 
Desides those fomentations, irrigations, inunctions, odoraments, prescribed 
for the hed, there muse be the like used for the liver, spleen, stomach, hypo- 
chondries, &c. "aih crudity (saith Piso) 'ris good to bind the stomach hard" 
to hinder wind, and to help concoction. 
Of inward medicines I need hot speak ; use the saine cordials as before. In 
this kindof melancholy, some prescribœe btreacle in winter, especially before or 
after purges, or in the sprlng, as Avicenna, ¢ Trineavellius mithridte, e Montal- 
tus poeony secds, unicorn'a horn ; os de corde cervi, &c. 
Amongst topics or outward medicines, none are more precious than bath, 
but of them I bave spoken. Fomentations to the hypochondries are very good, 
of wine andwater in which are sodden southernwood, melilot, epithyme, mug- 
wort, senna, polypody, as also °cerotes, fplaisters, liniments, ointments for the 
spleen, liver, and hypochondries, of which look for examples in Laurentius, 
Jobertus, lib. 3. c. 1. lra. ¢ned., Montanus, cors//. 231. Iontaltus, cap. 33. 
]Xercules de Saxoniâ, Faventinus. And so of epithemes, digestive powders, 
bags, oils, Octavius lfforatianus, [ib. 2. c. 5. prescribes calastic cataplasms, or 
dry purng medicines, Piso gdropaces of pitch, and oil of rue, applied aL 
certain times to the stomach, tothemetaphrene, orpart of theback whichisover 
against the heart, JEtius sinapisms; l[,mtaltus, cap. 35. would bave the thighs 
to be bcauterised, Mercurialis prescribesbeneath the knees; Loelius 2Eugbinus 
conil. 77. for a hypochondriacal Dutchman, will bave the cautery ruade in the 
right thigh, and so Montanus, consul. 55. The saine Montanus, consil. 3£ 
al,proves of issues in the arms or hinder part of the head. Bernardus Paternu 
in Hildesheim, splcel. 2. would bave iissues made in both the thighs; kLod. 
Mercatus prescribes them ne the spleen, aut prope v«ntriculi r«ionm, 
«,r in either of the thighs. Ligatures, f,-ictions, and cuppiug-glasses abovv or 
about the belly, without scaxLfication which Felix Platerus so much approves 
may be used as before. 

.» Suscr. II.Correctors to exd WirM. Aganst Costlveness, &«. 

I¢ tlfis kind of melancholy one of the most offensive symptoms is wlnd, 
which, as in the other species, 8o in this, bath great need to be corrected 
and expelled. 
The medicines to expel it are either inwardlytaken, or outwardly. Inwardly 
to expel wind, are simples or compounds : simples are herbs, roots, &c., as 
galanga, gentian, angelica, enula, calamus aromaticus, valerian, zeodoti, iris, 
condite ginger, aristolochy, cicliminus, China, dittandcr, pennyroyal, rue, 
clamint, bay-berries, and bay-leaves, betony, rosemary, hyssop, sabine, cen- 
tare'y, mint, camomile, stoecha affnus castus, broom-flowers, origan, orange 
pills, &c.; spices, as saffron, cinnamon, bezoar stone, myrrh, mace, ntmegs, 
pepper, cloves, ginger, seeds of ar, ise, fennel, amni, cari, nettle, rue, &c., 
juniper berries, grana paradisi; compounds, dianisum, diagalanga, diaciminum, 
diacalaminth, dectuarhtm de bacc4 lauri, benedicta lazativa, FuIvls ad status, 
antld, flo«nt, trulqs carninatlvus, wromaticum 'osatum, trextc[e, mithridate, &e. 
OEhis one caution of Gualter Bruell is to be observed in the atering of 

• Eg experlentLa probavl, rnu]toe Hypcndriaeos soqo usa Clyeterum fules3 ansto aln crudltata 
eptimum, ventriculumarctiu a]ligarL bj. Theriscoe, vere proesertim et tat. e Cons. lB. 
'eïàÎrêni.mCaùûrnt.L _c_n,.l. ,. . • Dro.vax t p,c.e, nava.ll,.et olco rmeo mgtr çentrlculo, e toti 
 -   m rurtvus muses.  rontauexe ent m utroque crure. I IAb. 1. c. 17. 1 De 
mentis alienat, c. 3. fiat-us egre_de dicutiunt materiamque evocant, mCavendqrn hic diligenter -* rnU]turn 
r.alcfaclentlbus, arque exsiantàbua, |ire aliments fueriat  rave medicameula : nonnulh enim ut vento- 



l[ern 3. Subs. 2.] Cure of I[ypodmndriacal Melancholy. 

463 

these hot medicinea and dry, « that whilst they covet to expel wind, they do 
hOt inflame the blood, and increase thv disease; somethnes (as he saith) 
medicines must more decline fo heat, sometimea more to cold, as the cir- 
cumstances require, and as the parties are inclined to heat or cold." 
Outwardly taken to expel wind, are oils, as of camomile, rue, bay, &c. ; 
fomentations of the hypochondrie., with the decoctions of dill, pennyroyal, 
rue, bay leaves, cummin, &c., bags of camomile flowers, aniseed, clnnmin, 
bays, rue, wormwood, ointments of the oil of spikenard, wormwood, rue, &c. 
n Areteus prescribes cataplasras oî camomile flowers, feanel aniseed, cummin, 
rosemary, wormwood-leaves, &c. 
° Cupping-glasses applied to the hypochondries, without scarification, do 
wonderthlly resolve wind. Feraelius, cons//. 43. much approves of them al 
the lower end of the belly; p Lod. hlercatus celle them a powerful remedy, 
and testifies moreover out of his own knowledge, how many he bath seen 
suddenly eased by them. Julius Cœesar Claudinus, les]oons. OE. res]o. 33. 
admires these cupping-glasses, which he calls out of Galen, "q a kind of en- 
chantment, they cause such present help." 
Empyrics have a myriad of medicines, as to swallow a bullet oî lead, &c., 
which I voluntarily omit. Anaatus Lusitanus, cent. 4. curer. 54, îor a hypo- 
chondriacal person, that was extremely tormented with wind, prescribea a 
strange remedy. ]Put a pair of bellows' end into a clyster pipe, and applying 
il into the fundament, open the bowels, so dmw forth the wind, nature noJz 
admittit vacuum. He vaunts he was the first invented this remedy, and by 
means of il speedi]y eased a melancholy man. Of the cure of this flatuous 
melancholy, read more in Fienus, de flatibus, cap. 26. et pass[m alias. 
Against headache, vertigo, vapours which ascend îorth of the stomach fo 
molest the head, read Hercules de Saxoni, and others. 
If costiveness offend in this, or any other of the three speeies, il is to ho 
corrected with suppositories, clysters or lenitives, powder of senna, condito 
ptxmes, &c. R Elect. lenif. $ succo rosar, ana  . aisce. Take as ranch as a 
nutmeg al a lime, hall an hour belote dinner or supper, or pli. nastichin. 
 j in six pills, a pill or two al a lime. Sec more in Montan., consil. 229. 
:Hildesheim, spicel. 2. P. Cnemander, and lIontanus, commend "rCyprian 
turpentine, which they would bave fami]iarly taken, to the quantity of a 
small nul, two or three hours before dinner and supper, twice or thrice a 
week if need be; for besides that il keeps the belly soluble, il clears the 
£tomach, opens obstructions, cleanseth the liver, provokes urine." 
These in brief are the ordinary medicine which belong to the cure of 
melancholy, which if they be used aright, no doubt may do much good; Si 
non levando, ¢altem leniendo valen$ peculiaria benk selecta, saith ]3essardus, 
a good ehoice of particular receipts must needs case, if hot qfite cure, hot 
one, but ail or most, as occasion serres. .E¢ quœe non prosunt in9ula , multa 

sitste et rgitn eompesesnt, huJusmodl utentes medlcmentI, plurtmum peecant, morbnm lc angente : 
debent enim medicamenta declinre gd cafidum vel frigidum secundum exigentiam circumstanti'um, s ci 
t patiens incllnat a6 cal. et frigid, n Cap. 5. lib. "L o Pieo Brael. mire eatut rolvit, P Lib. |. 
e. 17. nouuUllos proe tenslone ventris deplorato« Illico retltuto hls vidimus, q Velut ineantamentum 
qnodda.m, ex flatuoeo splritu dolorem orturn levant, r Terebtnthinam Cypriam habeant famfllarem, 
ad quantitetem leglutiant nuels parv tribus horla ente prliurn vel eoenem, ter eingaUe ptimeis 
prout expedire videbitur; nsm proeterquam quod air nm mollem efltc, lt, obatr¢ctioues eperit, ventrictflum 
pgrgsg grtnam i>rovoct hepar mtmdificat. 



THE 
SYNOPMS OF TItE TIIIRD PARTITION. 

lleroical 
or Iove- 
llelan- 
choly, in 
which 
consider, 

Prefaee or Introduction. ,S',rbseet. I. 
Love's definition, pedigree, object, fair, amiable, gracions, and pleasaut, from whieh 
cornes bcauty, graee, which ail desire and love, parts aff¢cted. 
' Natural, in things without lifc" as 10ve and hatred of elcmeuts ; and with 
lire, as vcgetable, vine and elm, sympathy, antipathy, 
Scnsible, as of beasts, for pleasure, prcservatioa of kiad, mutual agree- 
meah custom, bringing up together, &c. 

Division 
or kind or 
Eub». 2. 

Profit- 
able, 
,Stbz. 1. 
Simple, 
which Pleanh, 
hath ,Subs.  
three 
objccts, 
as.L 

Health, wealth, honour, we love our benefae- 
tors: nothing so amiable as profit' or that 
which bath a show of commoditï. 
Thiugs without life, ruade by art, pieture% 
sports, gaines, sensible objects, as hawks, 
hounds, horses; or mon themselves" for 
similitude of mnners, ntural affection, as 
to friends, children, -kinsmeu, &e., for glory 
such as commend us. 
(Before marriage, as Heroical 
Of wo- .) Sect. 2, vide  
men, as Or af ter mrri_c' as Jeo2ouj. 
Eet. 

[ Y[onest, ( Fucate in show, by some error or hypocrisy; 
Euba. 3. " «orne seem and are hOt; or truly tbr virtuc, 
( honesty, good parts, learning, eloqueuce, &c. 
Mixed of / Common good, out neighbour, country, friends, which 
ail three,| charity; the defect ofwhleh is eau.se of much dicon- 
which  teat and melancholy. 
extends | or J In excess, ride 
to 21/. 3. [God, EeoE 4. ln letect' t4de  
• [emb. l. 
llis pedigree, power, extcnt to vegc;..bles and sensible creaturcs, as we]l 
mcn, to spirits, devils, 
IJ.is name definition, object' part affected, t.vranny. 
[ Stars, temperature ful diet, place, cotmtry, clime, condition, idle- 
ness, ,S. 1. 
lgatural alluremcnts" ad causes of love, as beauty, its praise, how 
it allureth. 
Comeliness, g'race, relting from the whole or some parts, as face, 
Causes, eyes, hair, hnds, &e. ,S,bs. 2. 
31emb. 2. ç Artificial ailuremeuts, and provocations of lust and love, gestures, 
apparel, dowry, money, &e. 
[ Quest. Whether beauty owc more to Art or Nature? Eu.b». 3. 
Opportunity oftime and place, conferenee, diseourse, music, sing- 
ing, dancing, amorous tales, lascivioas objects, familiarity, gifts" 
promises, &e_ ,S'ubs. 4. 
Bawds and Philters. Eub. 5. 
/  Dryness, paleness, leanness, waking, sighing, &e_ 
Sy'mp- Of body ( Quest. An detur pulsus amatoriu 
toms or  [ Ç Fear, sorrow, suspicion, anxiety, &e_ 
signs, or j Bad, as  A hell, toment, tire, blindness, &c. 
.Mem& 3.  Of rein&  or g 
(Dotage" slavery, ne lect of business. 
| ¢, .  Spruceness, neatness, coura«e a,tness to 
{ ooa, as  l«arn music, siuging, dancing', poretry, &c. 
lrognostics; despair, madness, phrensy, death, 2ffemb. 
By labour, diet, physic" abstinence, ,Subs. I. 
To withstand the beginuingr, avoid occasions, fair and foul meau, 
change of place, coatrarv passion, witty inventions, discommend 
Cures, the former, briag in anoiher, Eubs..o. 
By good eounsel, persuasion, from future miseries, ineonveniences, 
emb. 5.' &e., Eubs. 3. 
By philters, maglcal, and poetlcal cure.% 
To let them bave their de.sire dispnted pro and con. lmpediment 
removed fessons for ig ,,Subs. . 



!laOlS£s «,.f tl ZIdrd Fcrttlon. 

'fils naine, definition, extcnt, power, tyranny, kremb. 1. 
Division,  To many beasts, as swans, cocks, bulls. 
Equivo* / Improper To kings and princes, of their subjects, snccessors. 
cations To friends I parents, tutors over their clAldxen or other- 
kinds, or wise. 
E6s. L Proper Before marriage, corrivals, &c. 
Afterl as in this place onr present subjcct. 
[dleness impotency in one p-rty melancholy long ah. 
fin tbe parties scnce. 
Causes, . themselves, They bave been naught themselves. H.rd usage, un- 
] kindness, wantonness inequality of years person 
,Sect. 2. or fortnnes, 
from otbers. Outward entieements and provocations of others. 
Symptoms  Fear, sorrow, suspicion, angnish ofmind, str.nge actions, gestnres, look 
Memb. 2.  speeches, locking np, outrages, severe Iaws prodigious trials 
Prognostics JDespalr, madneas to make away themselves, 
Memb. 3. ] and others. 
[ By avoidiug occasions, ahvays busy, nevcr tobe idle. 
|/3y good couusel, advice of friends, to contemn or dissemble it. ,S'ub& L 
Cures, J/3y pre¢ention before marriage. Ylato's communion. 
Memb. 4. '[ To marry snch as are equal in years birth, fortunes beauty I of like con° 
| ditions, &c. 
[ Of a good family, good education. To use them well. 
"A proof that there is such a species of melancholy, naine, ohject God, 
what his beuty is, how it allureth, part and parties affected super- 
stitious, idolnters, prophets, hereties, &c., Sabs. 1. 
[ From  The deviI's aIlurements, fale miracles, priests for 
Causes, | others,  their gain. Politiciaus, to keep meu in obe- 
or ( dience, bad iustractors, blind guides 
Sub& 2. /  from them- ( Simplicity, lest, ignorance, solitariness melan- 
selvcs.  choly, curiosity» pridc, vziu-glory, decayed 
{ image of God. 
{ZeM without knowledge, obstinacy, superstition, 
Gene- } arrange devotion, stupidity, confidence, stiif 
rai " fente of their tenets, mutual love & hate of other 
[ sects, beliefof incredibilities, impossibilitie& 
' Of heretics, pride, contumcy, coutempt of others, 
Symptoms, wilfulness, ain-glory, siuguLrity, prodigious 

'In e.xcess 
of such 
as tlo 
that 
which 
is hOt 
required. 
lIemb. 1. 

In defcct, 
Memb. 2. 

'ubs. 3. or 
Parti- 
culax. 

paradoxes. 
In superstitious bllnd zel, obedience, arrange 
works fasting, sacrifices, oblations praye, 
vow% pseudo-rtdom, mad and 
cusms, cemoni, obseatiou 
In pseudo-prophe, sions, xelations, dreams, 
pmpheci new doctcs» &, of Jews 
files, Mahometa, & 
Hew docines, parox, blahee 
stupiœee, despa, damuatiom 
By physi if need be, conference, good coaseÇ 
persuio compuion, coectio pent. 

Q«oeritur an co9i de6ent  
Secure, void (Eplcures, atheists, magicians, hypocrites, such as bave eau- 
 OfgTace and . terised consciences, or else are in a reprobate seuse, worldly- 
I fears.  eecure, some philosophers, impenitent sinners, ubs. 1. 
l'The devil and his allurements, rigid preachers, 
or | that wound their cousciences melancholy, con- 
{ Causes, ) . templation, solitariness. 
Distrusfful, [,Sub&,2. How melaucholy and despair differ. Distrush 
or too ri- | | weakness of faith. Gilty conscience for of- 
morous, as | [ fence committed, misunderstanding Ser. 
desperate.   . (Fear, sorrow, angulsh of mind, extrene tor- 
In despair  ympoms, ] tures and horror of conscience, feaffuI 
.... id«r. / ,3uo. o.  dreams conceits, visions, &c. 
....  |Ærognostics.'Blasphemy, violent deatbm ,Su65. 4. 
/ (Ph sic, as occasion serve.s, conference, hot to 
Y 
l. Cures, q. 5. ,] be iàle or alone. Good counsel, gooà coin- 
( p.ny, aH comforts and contenU, &c. 



TIIE TttlRD PARTITION; 
LO V-E-IELKN CH O L . 

TEE FIRST SECTION, MEIBER, SUBSECTION. 

'!, l'refaee. 
r will no be wantlng,  psum«, on« or oher tha will meh dseom- 
mend me  of h retse of love-melaneholy, and objee (weh a Er 
m  hh pree o 8 Thomas ore suspects ofhis) "ha 
for  e, oo o1  subjee o spek of lovo symptoms, oo 
and fi «done for  wnçon poe,  feeling young lov«-siek gll, n emi- 
nate comier, or some such idle person." And 't truc they say: tor by the 
naughtess of men iç  so corne to ps,  bCasin obsees, ut ct 
aurib vox anwr suspecta sit, et 6tva, the very me of love is odious to 
chaster ea; and thefore some agMn, out of an affected ty, will 
a for t namds sake bcfore they read a woM; dhsembg with m 
CPetroni, and seem tobe an that their ea are violated th such obscene 
aeches, that so they may be aded for ave posophem d staid 
ne. They nnot abide to he tak of love toys, or amorous doeu, 
vultu, gtu, oc in their outwaM acti averse, and yet  the oegita- 
tions hey are MI out  bad, ff hot worse than othem. 
u d Ebui posuitque meure Luttera libr 
Scd cor Bruto» Brute rced% 
ut let these cavea and couneit Catos know, that  the Lord John 
aweoed the queen in that Xtan eGzo, an old, a ave dcreet man is 
fitt to coe of loe matrs, bee he bath e]y more experienoe» 
obseed more, bath a more staid judent, OEn better disoern, rolve, 
dcuss, ade, give better OEutioç, and more so]id preoepts, better iorm 
audi in such a subjeoE, and by rn of  riper yea sooner ve. 
esid, i i ]c amor v« subtimtdum, there 
exoeptl at; love  a scies of melancholy, d a nec pa of t my 
tati, which I may no ot; oe suscep iviendumfit : so Jacos 
Iysim pleeth for elf  h ttion of Lucian's diMoes, 
so do I; [ m and I peffo my k. And that sho exe of Ieroer 
for  etion of Artoeneta shaU Le mine, « f If I bave spent my time 
, let hot them Le so ie a  roE" But 
EI snt,  ought hot  exc or repent myseff of t subject, on wch 
many ve and wohy men bave 4tten whole volumes, Plato, Plutarch, 
aEncom- fooe- levl¢ se ug uam ut eolom deceant.  Lib. 8. oquent cap. l& de affc 
us mort vifio fit q pciara quoeque  pravos  veunt, e Quoti de amatiis meutio 
ta   hem excdut; m vera istitia vio aur 
qu   Phop tuenr. d Ma. s, 
-my ok tde; wh he rere she ok tt up aga and OE" 
  t oa ti. n ipst lt  legendo. 



Ieut. 1. Sub.n. 1.] Prefa«. 
llotinus, Maximus Tyrius, Alcinous, Avicenna, Leon ]ebreus in the large 
dialogues, Xenophon, sgmpos. Theophrastus, ifwe raay believe Athenoeus, lib. 
13. cep. 9. Picus Miraadula, Marius ZEquicola, both in Italian, Kotmraanaus, 
de line Amoris, lib. 3. Petrus Godefridus hoEtla handled in three books, P. 
I[oedus, and wlaicla almost every playsician, as Arnoldus, Villanovanus, Valle- 
riola, OOserva. d. lïb. 2. observ. 7. EIiam Iontaltus and Laurentius in their 
tretises of melancho.y, Jason Pratensis, de rorb. cci1). Valeseus de Tarauta, 
Gordonius, Hereule» de axonia, SLwanarola, Langius, &e., bave trented of 
apart, and in their works. I excuse myself therefore with Peter Godeti'idus, 
Valleriola, Fieinus, and in gLangius' words: "Oadmts llilesius wfit. fonrt, een 
books of love, and why slaould I be asharaed te write an epistle in faveur of 
young raen, of this subjeet " A eompany of stern readers dislike the second 
of the JEneids, and VirgiPs gravity, for inserting such amorons passions itl art 
heroieal subjeet ; but hServius, his eomraenttor, just.ly vindieates the poet's 
worth, wisdora, and diseretion in doing as he did. Oastalio would net haro 
young raeu rend the i Oantieles, beeanse te his thinking it was too light and 
amorous a tract, a bllad of ballads, as out old English translation hath it. 
might as well forbid the reading of Genesis, beeause of tlae loves of Jaeob and 
/aehal, the stories of Sichem and Dinah, Judah and Thamar ; reject tho 
13ook of Nurabers, for the fornieations ofthe peoplc oflsrael with the Moabltes ; 
that of Judges, for Smpson and Diilah's erabroings ; that of tlae Kin, for 
David and 13erheba's adulteries, tlae inoest of Kmmon and Tharaar, Sulomon'a 
c«,ncubines, &c., the stories of Esther, Jud£tla, Susanna, and raany such, 
Dicearchus, and soute other, orp at Plato's raajesty, tlaat he wouId vouchsafe 
te idite such love toyz : araongst the test, for tlat dallianee witla Agtho, 
• ' Suavl dans Agathonl, anlmam IIe in labra tencbam ; 
Egra etenlm propcran tanqtmm abltu.ra fttJ' 
For ray part, salth k [aximns Tyrius, a great platonist hirasel »w 
fa»ri admiratio habet, sex] etia»n stupor, I de net only admire but stand amazed 
te rend, tlaat Plate and Socratea botla should expel L[omer ri'oto their city, 
because he writ of suela liglxt and wanton subjects, Quod,fanoet, cutn 
]da coneumbentes inducit, ab i»nmortali nuh« contectos, Vulcan's net, Mars 
and Venus' fopperies before all the gods, because Apollo fled wlaen he was 
persecuted by Achilles, the lgods were wounded and rn wh£ning away, as 
]Iars that roared louder than Stentor, and covered nine actes of ground witla 
his ll, rulcan was a summer's day falling down frora heaven, and in Lerauos 
Isle brake his leg, &c., with such ridiculous passages ; when as botla Socrates 
and Plate by his teatimony writ liglater themselves : quid enim tare dista$ 
(as he follows it quam aans à temper«nte, formarun* admlrator à dernente, 
what can be raore absurd than for grave philosophers te tret ofsuch fooleries, 
to adraire Autiloquus, Alcibiades, tbr their beauties as they did, te run after, 
te gaze, te dote on fait Phoedrus, delicate Agatho, young Lysis, fine Char- 
raides, lgnccine 1)hilos'-rphum decent l Doth this become grave philosophers 
Thus peradventure Callias, Tlarasimachus, Polns, &ristophanes, or seine of hi.u 
adversries and emulators miglat object ; but neither they ner mAnytus and 
lIelitus lais bitter enemies, that couderaned hira for teaching Critias te tyran- 
aise, his irapiety for swearing by dogs and plaintrees, for his juggling sophistry, 
&c., never se rauch as upbraided him witla iraptu love, writing oi speiking of 
that subjeet ; and theretbre witlaout question, as he concludes, botla Socratea 
ad Plate in this are justly te be exeused. But suppose they had been a little 
• Med. el)Ist I. I. elx 14, CMm Mile. te.ste Su|4 de ho¢ Erotlco Amore 14 llbros 
ligebit in gratLam mlolescentum banc cribere epitolam, hComment, in .. '.neid. 
amores meram impudlcll;iana onare vid.etm" niai, &¢. k Ser. . 1 Quod risum et eorum amores 
¢ommemoret. m Quum mu3t ci obje¢Isnt quod. Critiara tyrannidem docui.st, quod Platonem 



468 o-M'enc£,y. [Part. 3. Soc. 1. 

overseen, shou|,l divine Plato be defamed ? no, rather as he said of Cato's 
drunkenness, if Cato were druuk, it should be no vice at ail fo be druuk. They 
reprove 191ao then, but without cause (as nFicinus pleads) "for all love 
honest and good, and they are worthy to be Ioved that speak welI of lova" 
"Being fo speak of this admirable affection of love" (saith ° Valleriola) « there 
lies open a vast and philosophioE1 field to my discourse» by which many loyers 
become mad, let me lcave my more serious meditations, wander in these phi- 
losophical fields, and look intothose pleasant groves of the ][uses, where with 
unspeakable variety of flowers, we may make gar]ands 
adorn us only, but with thetr pleasant smell and juice to nourish out souls, and 
fill out minds desirous of knowledge," &c. After a harsh and unpleasing dis- 
conrse of melanchoIy» which bath hitherto molested your patience and tired the 
author, give hian leave with PGodefridus the lawyer, and Laurentius (cap. 5.) 
to recreate himselï in this kind after lais laborious studies» "since so many 
grave divines and worthy men bave without offence to manners, to he]p them- 
elves and othet, voluntarily written of it." Heliodorus, a bishop, penned a 
love story of Theanes and Charic]ea, and when some Catos of his time repre- 
hended him for it, chose rather, saith q icephorus, fo ]eave his bishoptàc 
his book. 2]neas Sy]vius, an ancient divine, and past forty years of age 
rhe confesseth himself, afer Pope Plus Secundus), indited that wantn hiztory 
of Euryalus and Lucretia. And how many superintendent oflearning could 
I reckon up that have written of light tntastical subjecs  Beroaldus, Eras- 
mus» Alpheratius, twenty-four rimes printed in Spanish, &c. Give me leave 
then fo refl'esh my muse a Iittle, and my weary readers, to expatiate in 
delightsome field, hoc deliciarum campo, as FonseoE terms it, to season a 
surly discotu-se with a more pleasing apersion of love mattem : diar, 
vitam convenir, as the poet invites us, curc nugi, &c., 'tis good to sweeten our 
lire with some pleasing toys to relish if, and as Pliny tells us, maçna para 
»$udiosorum amoeni$a quoerimD, most of out students love such pleant 
tsubject Though hIacrobius teach us otherwise, « u that those old sages 
banished all such light tracts from their studies to nurse's cradies, to plcase 
only the car ;" yet out of Apuleius I will oppose as honourable patrons, Solon, 
Plato, XXenophon, Adrian, &c. that as high]y approve of these ttaties. On 
the other side methinks they are hot to be disliked, they are hot so unfit. I 
will not peremptorily say as one did, Y$am suavi dicamf«rwra, 
i qui $alibu non dlcte«r, I willtellyousuch prettystorie, tht fotd befailhim 
Shat is not pleased with them ; iVue dizain e quce vobis usui 
volu]oai meminisse, with that confidence as Beroaldus doth his enarrations on 
Propertius. I wiil hot expect or hope for that approbation which Lipsiu gives 
to hi Epictetus; pluis foEo quum rdego ; semper ut zovum, e quum repdivi, 
fepetndum, the more I read, the more shall I covet to read. I will hot press 
you with my pamph]ets, or beg attention, but if you like them you may. 
Pliny holds if expedient, and most fit, serltat,t jlwnd-i/, en in scpti 
condire, to season our works with some plea.nt discoure ; Synesiu approves 
iL licet in ludicris ludere, the toet admires it, Omnv t-ulit Functum ui micui 

nCarpunt alii Platonlcam rnaestatem quod .l)rl nlmium Inulrit, Dlcearchus et alii ; ed mal 
Onmi amor honestus et bonus, et amore d|gm qui 
cap. 7. de admirando arnoris affect di«urus, ngen$ pater campu et philos0ph|cs, 
ductmtm" ad insaniam, libeat modo vagari &c. quoe non ornent mcdo, sed fragrantia et ucculentia 
Jucunda penius alant, &c.  Lib. l. p*fat, de amoribus ens relaxandi animi cansa labori]sslmi$ 
• tudiis fatigati i quando et Theologi se hi jnvari et juvare lll.is moribus volunt, q Hist. Iib. 12. 
cap. 34. rprfmt, quid qusdragcnario conveuit cure amore? Eo vero agnosco amatrium scrip- 
tutu mlhl non convenire, qui Jam mer|diem proetergressus In veperem fror. neas Sylv|us, proefat.  Ut 
severlor studla lis amoenltatlbus teclr eondire po$sit Accius. tDiscum quam philosophum audir 
e,,upronoeme Bab¥1oniu et Ephesius qui de more seripserunt, nterque arnore Myrrb 
Crene., et Adonidis. Sulds. YPet. 
w'ho ha joined 



lfem. 1. Subs. 1 ] lroEaee. ,t69 
utilv dulvi; and tbere bc those, thout qution, that are mo wliug fo read 
such toys, th I ara to write : "Let me hot Hv" saith Arctie's ton, 
"ffI had hot rather hear thydisoeurse, thau s a play !" No doubt but 
there'be mo of her nd, ever have en, ever will , m Hierome brs 
me witn. A çar ter part had rather rd Apulei thau Plato : Tu[ly 
himself confeeth ho could hot udcmtand Pto's Timoeus, and thereforo 
cared less ,r it; but every hoolboy hath tbat fmoas testament of Grni 
Corooetta Porclhs at h fingr ends. The comicl poet, 
--" Id slbi noI edit lum da, 
Fopo ut plreu qu lct " 
ruade this hls only care and sole study to plee the eople, tickle the ear, and 
to deligbt; but ne emest intent is  much fo profi  to please; 
 pou pcerem, quam u populum juvarem, and the my wtings, 
ha take like gil,led Fills, which are so composed as well to tempt the appe- 
tie, and deceive the plte, as to he]p and medicina]ly work uço he whol« 
body; my lines shall hot only rcreate, but recty the mind. I tk I hve 
eaid enough;  hot, let him tht is otherwi mind, remember tha 
*[audavensis» "he w in hL« lire a philosopher (as &usonius apologizeth for 
him), in his epigrams z loyer, in his prpts most evere; in his epistle fo 
Coerellia, a wanton." Annianus, Stflpicius, E'emus, Ienandr, and many old 
oe sid, did in $cri2t re write Fesceaines, Atllan, and lai- 
vio songs; m m«m; yet they had  »wrus oer«» 
«tem» thy wcr« chute, severe, and upright liver 
æ, Ct e decet plum pctam 
Ipsum, veicos nihii nec car, 
Q t deaique habent em et lepoee " 
] ara of Catullus' opion, and mke the saine apolo in mlne o bohalf; 
21oc m quod scribo, pendet 2»umoE  aliorum senta e$ auctota ; 
 ls«.forsan anio, sed i-nsann seçr. Aqu &eur lwc anire ; 
ego, scil.  o sure,/unni à  ni/dl al&num pto:  ,I which he 
urgeth Ibr himoelç aused of the IoEe lult, I  justly pld, sdva  nob 
»i,açroba . Howsoevermylineserr, myUfeis hoest, ivitavenda 
, majocosa ff/d. u I prume I need no such aœologies, I need hot, 
 Socrates in lato, cour his face when he slke of love, or blush and hide 
m/ne eyes,  allas did in her hood, when she w consulted by Jupiter abou 
Iercu's marriage, çd  nup$i virgo coui$ur, it isno suchlcivio, 
obscene or wanton doee; I bave hot oflnd yo chuter ers wih any- 
thing that is here tten,  xny French aud Italian auth in their mera 
]anuage of ]are hsve done, nay some of our Latin pontifical writers, Zanche 
Asori, Abul, Burcus, c., whom kIiwt aoeuseth  be more laoei- 
io than Virfi  riapeiis, etroai in Catectis, Aristophanes 
trt, laiis, or sny other pgan profane writer, çu tare atroc (one 
o) hoc gre poecârunf u mul ingenss scrip obscoenatum 
coe «ent . 'Tis hot scurrile this, but chute, honest, most rt 
riou d even of religion itselE "Incens ( he said) wth the love 
finding love, we hve sought if, znd ound if." ore yet,  bave 
 geadl c,pidiore quam ego benl, Ith Lnclan. b Plus capl voluptatis ind quam cndis 
In tbt ludi& VProoeo  IiaoE Mto major pa Mili fab revo]ventium quam Plovis 
 bm d "b he k fo be s on]y bin hat the plays whlcb he  shu]d pl the 
" In ta phflo«oph  Epim. amator,  Ei,istos tul  proeceptb ve& 
ms shou]d be te d pus. bt h s vees ne hot i him i th tpec; tbey msy hetefor 
con wlt nd hou.  f'"  t I te ends omet uu OEe opinio d t hoty 
otbe: or pe ara I n I oniy follow mada: But th far l.y ho den: we  bee 
  me e  and yoe, [ t  e n and tm man, and at m s I . 
" I  moL and tak no hane tion uited fo m" h Ma i Ov» k 1  s rip. 
p. 13. I Bhius, notes  Coe]finam, I9dum Hi m F, Comment OE ri. oro 



70 Zov-Moenchoy. [P-rt. 3. S. 1 
and added somethlng fo th ]ight treate(if ]ight) which w not in the fomer 
editions, I ara hOt hamed to oenf it, with a good nauthor. çuod tdi 
pri c bjectum pr posbant, 
animum utcunq =i$m  ai. uS jam $ta  cmum in num 
em, $cptniq Gè eS à $ti  profsb med alnæ  cinge- 
rem. has ali à »  ocpat&nlb inri 
vduti l cu  reatni 
e d arque iterre 
 no ignoram os rse rtores 
inim$ furos. p 
d th much ve I thought good fo y by way of prefe, lest any man 
(which q Godefd feared h h k) shod blame 
nes hness. in sking of lovga oes, enticemeu, mp, remedies, 
hwful and lawful love, and lust itselÇ ri sak it oy to tax and deter 
othem fm it. hot to teach, but to show the va.ries and fopperies of tbia 
heroical or hercule love, Sd to apply remedies to it. I w treat ofth 
with e Hbey  of t test. 
' t d dim vobi vos polo di multl 
b et ite  cha lt 
Condemn me no, good reader, then, or cenre me har, ifsome pa ofthis 
treatise o thy hking as yeg  too ligh; bu consir ber 
mu und, a naked man o a modest woman  no otherwe han a pic- 
gure,  Aagua Livia rul id, and % s, a an, 'is  'is 
gxen. If in hy oensnre i be oo light, I adse hee  pus did his 
rder for me ples of Plaut, os qua 
hey like the« no, let them ps; or oppose hat hieh is good fo hat which 
 bad, and rejoe no thereîore ali. or fo inw tht ver of siaL nd 
ih erom Volfiusoappl i o my prenpurpoee, 
dce, n oluea; some is good, 
sa further wih m eh I have ierted 
e n  gvat, cirman qm è tlag, d p, m è 
po') some thir% more homely» gh» or cooEl, lins gratii, 
ould requez every man  inret W the bt, d  Ji Coeur SoEliger 
beught Cardan (siquid urbani lu m à nob&, 
Hierony Cardane,  me ma cas). I bech thee, good reader, hot to 
miske me, or miscote what  here itn 
nia Poëm numina, bO  o     ca. 'Tis a 
oemieal subjee;  sober  I cmve pardon of wt  i» and desire 
thee fo spend thy judgment,  st small ults, or fo be sgent 
but if thou likç spk well of it, and wish me good 
hunc» Areusa, mihi conce em.* 
I ara resolved howsoever, vd, l, a sd(um irare,  the Ol- 
pi, with the fiemian wrtlers in Postrat, ldly fo show myself 
 Anthor Coeltln Ba lnter.l « at. overcome 
o enlarge and improve my volées, I bave dev«»t¢d my othe«e reloE&t mind to the laur; and .ow tor the 
sixth rime bave I taken up my pe and applied myff  fiteratu 
e Hot. lib. I. Ode . " I  oempeed to reve y  and te my er u " • «= ough 
I w by no ms laut tt new lum=o wd hot be wsntg to oeure my n lucog "* 
q B P ne quia teme os putat dpe de amom leninil de pra foitionlb 
1ei &OE r Tndo et  his detedo hum Ivm 
i ¢s lor nobis eunt,  mmonlo et Juvenlb hæ hie ut atnt m eg 
. Matiras Cape  I.  nupL phfloL n u   po 
oub . t CaH. "Wt I tell yo do you   t mfid and make thkse p 
like  °ld w°m' u r°s nud  feminm nlhil h stak  xony it q 



]Iem. 1. Subs. 2.] Objevts ,.fLove. 471 
this common stage, and in this tragi-come«ly of love, fo a verM pas, somo 
satically, somo comically, me in a mixed tone, as the subject I hav«  
hnd gives occasion, and present ce ll require, or offer itself. 
Svsnc. II.--ove's Beglnning, Object, Dnitn, Div 
"Lovr:'s limits are ample and eat, and a spoeious walk ifbath, beset wlth 
thorn:;," and for that cause, which ZScaliger reprehends in Cardan, «hot 
lightly fo be psed over." Lt I incur rite me censure, I ll examine aH 
the ds of love, his tu, benning, difference, objects, how it is hont or 
dishonest, a vil¢ue or vice, a natural psion, or a doe, s power and effects, 
how far it extends: of which, although something bas en said  the first 
partition, in those sections of perturbations ("for love and hatred are the 
first and most common p:sion, from which all the test afin, and are attend- 
ant,"  Picolomineus hohls, or  Nich. Caussinus, the primut mob of M1 
other affections, which carry them all about them), I ll now more copiously 
dilate, through ail his pas and severM branches, that so i$ may better appear 
what love is, and how if varies with the objects, how  defct, or (which is 
most oMinary and common) immodemte, and  exoe» OEuth melancholy. 
Love univemMly Saen is defined to be a dire, as a word of more ami»le 
signification : and though Leon Hebreus, the most copious writer of this sub- 
ject, in his thiM dialogue make no ffemnce, yet in his first he distin£sheth 
them again, and defines love by desire. ,,b ve is a voluntary affection, and 
dsire fo ej,»y that which is good. CDesim wisheth, love cnjoys; the end of 
the one  the begiming of the other ; that which we love  present; that 
hich we desire is abnt." "ait  worth tle labour," saith Plotinus, "fo 
vonsider well of love, whether if be a god or a devil, or psion of the min or 
partly god, partly devi], partly passion." He oencludes love to paicipate of 
all three, fo ari om desire of that which  beautifui and fa, and defines it 
to be "an oeon of the mind desing that which £ od." "Plato calls if 
the great devfl, for its vchemençv, and sovemity over aH other psions, and 
dfines if an apti, "fby which we desire some good fo be preoent." icinus 
in his comment adds the word fa  th£s defittition. Love is a dese of 
enjoying that which is goed and fait. Austin dilates thEs common defition, 
and will have love to be a delectation of the h, "gfor someçhing which we 
seek fo win, or joy to have, coveting by ,lire, rting in joy." SoEliger, 
Jçc. 301. taxeth these former defiions, and w hot ha love fo be defined 
by desire or alpeti ; "for when we enjoy çhe thin we desire, there reins 
no more apl»eti :" as he de,es if, "Love is an affection by which we are 
either unid to the thing we lov% or peetuate o union ;" wch a-ees in 
part with Leon Hebreus. 
ow this love vari  its obje varies, whlch Ls always good, amiable, fi 
adous, and pleant. "iAH thgs dke that which  good,"  we are 
taught in the Ethlcs, or at least that which to them see  be good ; quoE 
enin  mali ( AtiŒE welI infers) d mihi ? puto nih in noE t 
b; thou t wish no barre, I suppose, noill in a thine action, thoughts or 
dees, nUtg li vis; k thon wilt hot hure bad corn, bud soil, a naughty tre 
ap. 29. EX atone. pnmœe et mmunissimoe perturbation ex qubus terœeotur  m snnt pedi$. 
$ci bAmor  voluntarlus affectus et de8ide re na fendL eDideum opm 
amor m qbue t ; amorce pcipium, dide flns, amamm a d Pclpio I. de ore. 
0perœe pre$ium t de amore se um Ds, an Doemon, an pio qum animoe,  pm De 
p:m Doemon, pslo pai . or  actu animl »num diders, • M Doemoa n 
 Boni pulchquv fendi didefium, gGodeid L l. p. 2. Amor t ddtio  cus ad 
tq, propret qu êoEez-t tu appet«d et udlum pereudo per dide cue  
cens per gau, h Non t amor ddum aut appefit ut ab omb hnus  ; n m 
potimur amata r on manet appetitus; est Jt afft quo cure re ata aut imur, aut unionem 
erpcuamu i Omnia appetunt n. k em non  lam, m scgWm, d bo 



472 Lo'-Mdancwty. [Pa. 3. Sec. 1. 

but ail good ;  good servant, a good home, a good son, a good friend, a good 
neighbour, a good wife. l¢rom this goodness cornes beauty ; from beauty, 
grace, and comeliness, which result as so many rays from their good 
make us to love, and so to covet if : for wel if hot pleasing and gracious in 
our eyes, we should hOt seek- "l No man loves (saith/Lristotle 9. mot. cap. 5.) 
but he that was first delighted with comeliness and beauty." As this fait 
object varies, so doth our love ; for as lroclus holds, Omne lulc]rum amabile, 
every faix thing is amiable, and what we love is f-air and gracious in our eyeq, 
or at least we do so apprehend and stiil esteem of if. " mAmiableness is the 
object of love, the scope and end is to obtain it, for whose sake we love, and 
which our mind covets fo enjoy." And if seeras fo us especially fair and good ; 
for good, fair, and imity, eannot be separated. Beauty shines, llato saith, 
and by reason of its splendour and shining causeth admiration; and the fairer 
the object is, the more eagerly if is soughf" For as the saine Plato defines if, 
,, a Beauty is a lively, shining or glittering brightness, resulting from effused 
good, by ideas, seeds, reasous, shadows, stirring np out minds, that by this 
good they may be united and ruade one." Others will bave beauty to be the 
pelection of the whole composition, « o caused out ofthe congruous symmetry, 
measure, order and manner of parts, and that comeliness which proceeds from 
this beauty is called grace, and from thence ail faix things are gTacious." For 
grace and beauty are so wondeloEully annexed, "p so sweetly and gently win 
our souls, and strongly allure, that they confound our judgment and cannot be 
distinguished. ]3eauty and grace are like those beams and shlnings that corne 
from the glorious and divine sun," which are diverse, as they proceed from 
the diverse objects, to please and affect out several senses. "qAs the sl0ecies 
of beauty, are taken af our eyes, ears, or conceived in our inner soul," as Plato 
disputes af large in his Dialogue de lulchro, Phoedro, Hyppias, and after many 
sophistical errors confited, concludes that beauty is a grace in ail rhino, 
de[/ghting the eyes, ears, and soul itself; so that, as Valesius infers hence, 
svhatsoever pleaseth out eaxs, eyes, and soul, must needs be beautiful, fair, and 
delightsome to us. "rand nothing can more please our ears than music or 
loacify our minds." l¢air bouses, pictnres, orchards, gardeus, :fields a fair 
hawk, a fair horse is most acceptable unto us ; whatsoever pleaseth our eyes 
and ears, we cail beautiful and faix ; " a Pleasure belongeth fo the rest of the 
senses, but grace and beauty fo these two alone." A. the objects vary and 
are diverse, so they diversely affect out eyes, ears, and soul itsel£ W-hich 
gives occasion to some fo make so many several kinds of love as there be 
objects. One beauty ariseth from God, of wlaich and divine love S. Dionysius, t 
with many fathers and lgeoterics, bave written just volumes, De amo,r« Dei, as 
they terre it, many paroenetica] discourses; another from his creatures ; thero 
is a beauty of the body, a beauty of the soul, a beanty fim virtne, f0rmam 
rrtartyrum, Austin calls it, çuam vldemu oculi anlmi, which we see with the 
eyes of out mind ; which beauty, as Tully saith, if we could discern with theso 
.orporeal eyes, admirabiles sui arno¢es excitare$, would cause admirable affec- 
tions, and ravish out soul. This othcr beauty whlch ariseth from those 
extreme parts, and graces which proceed ri'oto gestures, speeche.% several 
uotions, and proportions ofcre.qtures, men and women (especially from wome 

1/emo amore capttur ni qui fhert Bnte foB spedeque delec m ablle obJm amo et 
P cus adepo e floE c at sm. A elfim t ut eo u, et forain boni 
bet et Ppue de et pl Ploe, . . p. 2. et . 8.  35.  F est 
vi r ex ip no man r   rafion br effet, aos ezci ut r 
  ant. o Pchtudo t deco compoflfl ex oengente orn m et ione 
poEi ens, et  de piens a dici1 et r o palchroe o. • G et 
c I ter os demn i vehemter gunt, et ibiHr t, ut 1 
v lhil hc m «- -- P. pcdm*s ba oe aune, sut npmnt lntem 



[em. 1. Sub.. 2.] Objets Lov«. 473 

which ruade those old poets put the three gTaces still in Venus' company, 
attending on her, and holding up ber train) are infinite almost, and vary their 
names with their objeets, as love of money, covetousness, love of beauty, htst, 
immoderate desire of any pleasnre, eoneui,iseence , friendship, love, good-will. &e. 
and is either virue or vice, honest, dishonest, in exeess, defec, as shall ho 
zhowed in his place, tIeroieal love, religious love, &e. hich maybe reduee, l 
te a twofold division, aceording te the principal pms which are affeeted, 
brain and liver. Armr et amictia, which Sealiger, Exercitat. 301, Vle.iu. 
snd ]ielancthon warrant ou of Plate ç' and g« frein that speech of 
lausanias belike, that makes two Veneres and two loves. , u One Venus is 
ancient without a mother, and descended ri'oto heaven, whom we call eelestial ; 
the younger, begotten of Jupiter and Dione, whom commonly we eall 
]icinus, in his comment upon this place, cap. 8, following Plate, calls these 
two loves, two devils, or gond and bad angcls according te us, which m till 
hovering about out seuls. "rThe one rears te heaven, the other depresseth 
us te hell ; the one gond, which sthz us up te the contemplation of that divize 
beauty for whose ske we perform justice and ail godly offices, study philo- 
aophy, &e. ; the other base, and though bad yet te be respected ; for indeed 
both are gond in their owua natures : procreation of children is as necessary as 
that finding out of truth, but therefore called bad, because if is abud, and 
withdraws out seul frein the speculation of that other te viler objeets," se far 
]icinus._ S. Austin, lib. 15. de civ. Dei et sup. Psal. lxiv., bath delivered 
nauch in effect. " Every creature is gond, and may bc loved well or ill : " 
and " Two cities make two loves, Jerasalem and ]3abylon, the love of God 
the one, the love of the world tbe other ; of these two cities we all are citizens, 
as, by examination of ourselves, we may soon find, and of which." The one 
love is the roof ofall mischief, the other ofall gond. 8% in his 15. cap. lib. 
de amer. Ecclesice, he will bave those four cardinal virtues te be nought else but 
love rightly composed ; in his 15. book de oir. Dei, cap. 22. he calls virtue the 
ortier of love, whom Thomas following l. part. 2. queest. 55. art. 1. and quoest. 
56. 3. qucest. 62. art. 2. confirms as much, and amplifies in many wordso 
t' Lucian, te the saine purpose, bath a divisiou of his own, "One love 
born in the ses, which is as various and raging in young men's breasts as the 
aea itself, and causeth burning lust : the other is that golden ehain which 
was let down frein heaven, and with a divine fury ravisheth out seuls, 
te the image of God, and stirs us up t¢ eomprehend the innate and incor- 
ruptible beauty te which we were once created." ]3eroaldus bath expressed 
ail this in an epigram of his : 

** Dogmata dlvlnl rnernorant ml vers Platoni, 
Stmt geminae Veneres et geraluatus amor. 
CoeIestis Venus et nullo generata parente, 
Quoe easto snctos uectit arnore 'lro. 
AItera ed Venus est totum vulgata per rbem. 
Quoe divilm rnentea alliga,*, atque homiaam ; 
lmlaroba , .ducrix, laetulang," &OE 

°' If divine Pato's tenets thcy bc trne, 
Two Veuerea, two loves ther be ; 
The one frorn heaven, unbegotten still, 
,'hieh knits out ouln in 
The other farnous over ali the world, 
Blnding the hearts nf gods and rnen ; 
Dishonest, wanton, and seducing ahe, 
Rules whom abc wiL1, both where and wboE » 

This twofold division of love, Origen likewise follows, in his Comment on 
the Cantieles, one frein God, the other ri-oto the devil, as he holds (understand- 
ing if in the worse sense), whieh many others repeat and imitate. Both whieh 
(te omit ail subdivisions) in exeess or defect, as they are abused, or degenerate, 
cause melaneholy in a partieulax kind, as shall be shown in his place. Austin, 

u Duoe Vcnere dno arnorcs ; qnarrn nna antiqu:or et sine marre, coelo nata, qtmrn eoeIestern Ven,rem 
m ucupamus ; alters ve Juor à Jove et Dione proa quam vulgaire Venerem vus. Y Airer ad 
sua egi ar depmit ad tnfea  alter excitat hominem  voE pchtudem ltndam, 
cujuS  phUoph studia et Justiti & gOmnls creata c bons sit, et ne ama pot et 
mul  Du ta duo cit smc ; Jalem çit or DeS, abylonem or uli  n 
qui«que  qd amet Int et invenict de œit civ. bAH mari or, u fem va fluctuan 
 a j uvcn mc rercu &c. tcr a¢a cat lo dcç bon forcm mtib m  



in another Tr.ct, makes a threefold division of this love, xvhick we may use 
weii or iii : "« God, out neighbour, and the wor]d : God above us, out neigh- 
bout next. us, the wor]d beneath us. In the course of out desires, God bath 
three things, the world one, out neighbour two. Our desire to God, is either 
fi)m God, with God, or to God, and ordinarily so runs. From God, when it 
receives from him, whence, and for which it should love him : with God, when 
it contradicts his will in nothing : to God, when it seeks to him, and tests itself 
in him. Out love to our neighbour may proceed from him, and run with him, 
hot to him: from him, as when we rejoice of his good safety, and well doing: 
xvith him, when we desire to bave lfim a fellow and companion of our journey 
in the way of the Lord : hot in him, beeause there is no aid, hope, or confidence 
in man. From the world our love cornes, when we begin to admire the Creator 
in Iris works, and glorify God in his creatures : with the world it should run, 
if, according to the mutability of ail temporalities, it should be dejected in 
adversity, or over elevated in prosperity : to the world, ifit would sertie itself 
in its vain delights and studies." Many such'partitious of love I could repeat, 
and subdivisions, but lest (which Scaliger objects to Cardan, Exercitat. 601.) 
,, d I confound filthyburning lust with pure and divine love," I will fullow that 
accurate division of Leon Hebreus, dial. 2. betwixt Sophia and Philo, hcre 
he speaks of natural, sensible, and rational love, and handleth each apart. 
'atural love or hatred, is that sympathy or antipathy wlfich is to be seen in 
animate and inanimate creatures, in the four elements, metals, stones, gravis 
tendunt deorsum, as a stone to his centre, tire upward, and rivers to the ses. 
ïhe sun, ruoon, and stars go still round, «Amates naturoe debita exercere, for 
love of perfection. This love is manifest, I say, in inanimate creatures, lï[ow 
comes a loadstone to draw iron to it jet chaff$ the ground to covet showers, 
but for ]ovel To creature, S. Hierom condudes, is to be found, 9uod non 
tdiuid oenat, no stock, no stone, that hath hot some feeling of love. "Tis 
more eminent in plants, herbs, and is especially observed in vegetables ; a 
between the vine and elm a great sympathy, between the vine and the cabbage, 
between the vine and the olive, t 'irgofui t Eromlum, between the vine and 
bays a n-eat antipathy, the vine loves hot the bay, "gnor his smell, and 
vill kill him, if he grow near him ;" the but and the lentil cannot endure 
one another, the olive  and the myoEle embrace each other, in roots and 
branches if they grow near. l,ead more of this in Picolomineus, 9rad. 7. 
cttp. l. Crescentius, li. 5. de a9rlc. , ]3aptista Porta de ma 9. lib. 1. cap. d 
lant. odio et e[ement, sçm., Fracastorius d s.. rn. et antip, of the love and hatred 
of planers, consult with every astrologer. Leon ]ebreus gives many fabulous 
reasons, and moraliseth them withal. 
Sensible love is that of brute beasts, of which the saine Leon lï[ebreus, dlal. 2. 
assigns these causes. First, for the pleasure they take in the act of generation, 
maie and femme love one another. Secondly, for the preservation of the 
species, and desire of young brood. Thirdly, for the mutual agreement, as 
being of the saine -kind : Sus sui, canis cani, bos bovi, et asinus asino pub 
clte»rimus videtur, as Epicharmus held, and according to that adage of Dioge- 
nianus, Adsidet usçe 9racu[ atmd 9=cnlum, they ranch delight in one 
another's company, i.'o'micoe 9rata est frmica, cicada clcadw, and birds of a 
feather will gather together. Fourthly, for custom, use, and familiarity, a.s if 
a dog be trained up with a lion and a best, contrary to their natures, they vill 

OS pllmu« ; i nos mDndu& T Deu duo p  mundu habeç c. d Ne con- 
dm ven et foedos  btl leratum cm pur o, et ero, . • F p. I. oe 
ex A fOin Mb. 11. de Clôt. i. oee c stat md  fAIciat. S Pot: 
Vi u u amat, nec ¢Jus or ;  prope OEt, ene pp lenfl ve. • Spathia 
olei et m  et c  complect du c L ]. 47.  
 9, 



lem. 1. Subs. 2.] Objects o.fLov. 475 

love each other, ttawks, dogs, horses, love thelr masters and keepers: many 
stories I could relate in this kind, but see Gillius de £ist. anim. lb. 3. 
those two Epistles of Lipsius, of dogs and horses, Agellius, &c. Fifthly 
bringing up, as if a bitch bring up a kid, a hen ducklings, a hedge-sparrov 
a cuckoo, &c. 
The third kind is Amorevgnonls, as Leon calls it, rational love, [ntdl,ti- 
vus amor, and is proper to men, on which I must iasist. This appears in Gd, 
angels, men. God is love itself the fountain of love, the disciple of love, as 
Plato styles him; the seant of peace, the God of love and peace; hav« 
l)eacc with all men and God is with you. 

"k Quisqul venerattr OIympum, 
Ipse sibi mtmdom subjicit atque Deam." 

"lBy this love (saith Gerson) we purchase heaven, and buy the kingdom 
of God." This mlove is either in the Tfity itself (for the Holy Ghost is the 
love of the Father and the Son, &c., John iii. 35, and v. 20, and xiv. 31), or 
towards us His creatures, as in making the world. Arnor mundurafeci, love 
built cities, mundl anima, invented arts, sciences, and all agood things, in- 
cites us to virtue and humanity, combines and quickens; keeps peace on 
earth, qhietness by sea, mirth in the winds and elements, expels ail fear, 
anger, and rusticity; Circzdus a bono in bonura, a round circle still from 
good to good; for love is the beginner and end of ail out actions, the efficient 
and instrumental cause, as out poets in their symbols, impresae% °emblems 
of rings, squares, &c. hadow un¢o u 

*'SI rerum quoerlq fnerit quis finis et  
I 
Deeine; nain causa e.t unica elus &mor. '° | 

"If flrst and lait of any thin you wlt, 
Cesse; love's the oIe and on]y cause of i:  
Love, saith 1 Leo, ruade the world, and afterrarcls in redeeming of it, "God 
so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten son for it," John ii. 16. 
"]3ehold what love the Father bath showed on us, that we should be called the 
sons of God," l John iii. 1. Or by  sweet providence, in protecting of it; 
either all in general, or Is saints elec¢ and church in paticular, whom He 
keeps as the apple of His eye, whom he loves freely, as Hosea xiv. 5. speak% 
and dearly respects, q Chariot es ipss hors,9 quam sib. Not that we are fait, 
nor for any merit or graee of ours, for we are most vile and base; but out of 
His incomparable love and goodness, out of  Divine lqature. And this is 
that Homer's golden chan, which reacheth down from heaven to earth» by 
which every creature is annexed, and depends on his Creator. He ruade all 
aith Moses, "and it was good ;" ]:le 1oves it as good. 
he love of angels and living aouls is mutual amongst themselves, towards 
us militant in the church, and all such as love God; as the sunbeams irradiate 
the eaa'th from those celestial thrones, they by their well wishes reflect on us, 
 in salure hominum promovendd alacres, et constantes adminstr, there is joy 
in heaven for every sinner that repenteth; they pray for us, are solicitous for 
our good, t Casti genii. 

Wol regat eharRas, mxave deslderinm, 
Loetitipxe et amor Deo oonjtmctt"* 

Love proper to mortal men is the third member of this subdivision, and the 
subject of my following dÆscourse. 



476 Love-3!danchoTy. [Part. 3. Sec. I: 

]IEMB. II. 
StmsE"r. I.--.Eove of 3fen, tol, icl va  tda O3jects, 1"', Pa. 
oI. 
VALmIUS, l. 3. 'n 13. defines this love which  in men, "to be Uan 
affeoEion of both powe, appetite, and reon." The rtional resid in the 
brah, the other in the liver (a befi»re hth en id out of P and others) ; 
the heurt is diveely affecd of both, and cred a thousand ways by cont. 
The sensitive fculty most part ovelul n, the so is OErried hood- 
winke& and the derstanding cptive ke a bst. ,,x The hea  vaously 
inclined, sometim they are mey, metim d, and from love ari hop% 
and fer, jlousy, fury, despel-ation." Now this love of men is divele, and 
vi  the object var, by which they are entice as vigne, wom, 
eloquenc profit, wealth, money, fme, hono, or oemeHns of n, &c. 
Leon Hereus, in  fit alogue, reduceth them all to these thr, 
um, tu, pfitable, pleant, honest (out of Artotle belike 8. 
.) ; of which he coth af large, and whatsoever  beutif and ir 
i refe' fo them, or any way fo be direoE "YTo profitable  l-ibed 
healt wealth, honour, &c., which  rather ambition, dire, covene, 
than love :"ends, chHdoen, love of women, all delightf and 
object a refrred to the ond. The love of honest thin oe in 
viue and dom, and is poefd before that which  profihble and plant : 
iteEectual about tht which  honest, aSt. Austin s "profible, worldly 
plant, crnM ; honest, spiritual, bOf and om aH three, rtdt charity, 
friendship, and te love, which respecs d d our neighbour." Of 
of the I 11 befly te, and show  what  they cu melancholy. 
ongst ail these çir enticing objects, whic h proche love, and witch the 
so of an, there h none so moving, so fooeible  fit ; and that which 
OEieth th it s show of commo..lity. Hlth hdd  a precio thing, 
cover and pre which we w dergo any misery, dfi bitter potions, 
frly ve our goo : restore a n to h healt  pue H open to thoe, 
bountfful he , thanul and beholng to thee ; but ve m wlth and 
hono, ve m old, or what shall be for h advanhge d prefeent, and 
thou shalt command  affection, oblige m eternlly fo thee; hea hand, 
lire, and all  af thy æl-ViCe, thou art  dr and lovg fend, go and 
gracio lord and mter, h Iecoen  he  thy slave, thy vl, most 
devote, affectioiie and bound  ail duty : tell him good tidgs  th kind, 
there spoke an aageÇ a bles hour tt br  gain, he  thy cture, 
• nd thou s creator, he hugs and admir th ; he  thine for ever. o 
losne so attctive  that of profit, none so ç« n objet  this of gold 
« nothing  a man sooner tn a good tre-n, boty and beraty com- 
mand body and soul : 
 M,me (crede m) plt homue due ] u   doth pl th God nd me 
t do Jupir ip t" d Jupir   won by c" 
Gold of aH other is a most decious obje ; a sweet ght, a goodly lustre 
if bath : 9rati aum çn som intmur, saith Aust and we d rather 
e it th the s Sweet d plent in gettg,  keeping ; it so aH 
out hbos, lerable  we take for it, be employments, endure bitter 
flouts d taunts, long joeys, hvy bde, aH are made hgh and ey by 
u ns nnc aptivoe poteu nunc raflonal r rehro reide t bepate, e, 
x r vae clt,. nc. gaud nc. moere ; st. ex. amo na 1o timor, ror, 
h,»ul u aoE . p. 1.  Lib. de IK uoEe munu ale Jucund, ituae 
b  sIn b fit afl et ci q pit de et pro c 



[em. 2. Subi. 1.] 05jects ofove. 
this hope of gain ; A i; p,tdo ipse 
area. The 8ight of gold refresheth out 8pirits, and ravi8heth our hrts, 
that Babyloan ment d dgolden wedge d Achan  the camp, the very 
sight and heag ts on tire his 8o with deso of it. I will make a man 
run te the antipodes, or ta at home and turn parasite, lie, tinter, prostitute 
himoelf, swear and bear fal witness; he wi ventre h body, kl a ng, 
murder h father, and damn 
 ehe well obse, the ms of gold Lq firer than all your Grwian pictur, 
that Apell, Phidi, or any dotg pMnr cod ever make: we are enamour- 
ed with it, 
' fPdm fer yoga,  nctis notera mp 
Divitioe ut 
AH «ur labou, studs, endeavo, vows, praye and wea, 
te comps it. 
« g H  flla l famular maximus orbis. 
Dira  reram, domitfixque peeuni4 fatl." 
" is is the eat godds we adore and wop; t i« the sole object of out 
desire." If we bave if,  we thé, we are ade for ever, fice happy, 
princes, lord & If we loso it, we e dulL beau, dejd, doentent, 
emble, desperate, and m. Our es and be se eb and flows with 
out commoty; and  we are endowed or enrichi, se are we belov and 
esteemed : if  no longer th out wealth; when that h gone, and the 
object removed, rewell ffienhip:  long  bounty, good cheer, and rewar 
were   hoped, ien enough; they were tied te thee«by the eth, and 
ould follow th  crows de a cafés: but when thy goods are gone and 
snt, the lamp of the love is out, and thou slt  conmned, scome 
hated, injured, hLueian's Timon, when he v in prosperity, w the sole 
spectacle of Groe, only aded ; who bu Timon  Every body loved, 
honoed, appuded him, eh man offer 
n te him; but when his gold waa spen his fa posssions gone, rewell 
Ton: none se ugly, none se deformed, se oous an object Timon, no 
se ricous on a sudden, they gave m a penny te buy a ro, no man wod 
ow him. 
'Th the geneml humour of e world, commodity stee oto" affections 
thughout, we love thooe that are foute and rich, that tive, or by whom 
we may receive mutual kindnes hope for ke couesi, get any good, gain, 
or profit; haro those, and abhor on the other side, which are poor and mise- 
table, or by whom we may sustain loss or inconvenience. And even ose that 
were new fzmiar and dear uuto us, our loving and long fdends, neight, 
men, alH, with whom we bave conveed, and Hved  se my ons 
for seine yea pa, strig st te ve one another aH good oennt and 
eninment, with mutual vitatio, fetings, dpor, office, for whom 
we would ride, n, spend on,lys, and of whom we bave se ely and honour- 
ably spoke te whom we bave given  those tgent titles, and macent 
euloums, most exoellent and mt noble, wohy, w, ve, leed, 
vant, &c., and maified beyond mee: ff avy controvey a between 
us, seine tsps, inj, able, me  of out goods be detained, a pieoe of 
nd coe  be tio,  they cro us 
commodity, we dent and deprs them npon a sudden: neither affinity, 
sannity, or old acquantce c cont us, but lje e Ca 
. A golden apple se altogether by the   ira maowbone or honey- 
comb were flg amongst b: father and son, bther and sr, smen 
are ai ode: and lk what mace, deadlytroe  nt that  ha 
d Jos. .  Petr0 blter.  Juvenali. g Jo Secun Hb. sylv  Luc 



478 Zove,-Mdan¢hogy. [Par. 3. Sec. 1. 

done, Tcrribil., dlrurrt, pestilerts, atrox, ferum, mutual i,juries, de, ire of 
rcvenge, and how te hurt them, him and his are all our studies. If out plea- 
sures be interrup, wo van tolerto it: out bodies hurt, we canput it up and bo 
reconciled : but touch our commodities, wo are most impatient: fah- becomes 
f,_,ul, the graces are turned te harpies, fi-iendly salutations te bitter impreca- 
tions, mutual feastings te plotting villanies, miings and counterminings; good 
words te satires and invectives, wo revile  contra, nought but Iris impetoEections 
aL in out eyes, he is  base knave, tt devil,  monster, a caterpillar,  viper, 
a hogrubber, &c. Deslnit i-ri piscem nuIier formosa supernè; kthe scene is 
altered o tt sudden, love is turned te hate, mirth te melancholy : se furiously 
are ve most part bent, out affections fixed upon thia object of commodity, ad 
upon money, the desiro of which in excess is covetousness: ambition tyran- 
niscth over our sou]s, an ]I bave shown, and in defect crucifi as ranch, as if 
tt man by negligence, ill husbandry, improvidene, prodigality, wasto and 
consume his goods and fo'une_, beggary follows, and melancholy, he becom 
an abject modious and "worse than an irLfide!, .in net providing for his 
family." 

$U»SECr. II.Pleasant Objecs of Love. 

't.EASA.'Vr objects are infinite, whether they be such as have lire, or be with- 
out life; inanimate are countries, provinces, towers, towns, cities, as he said, 
Pulcherrimam insulam videmus, etam cure non videmus, we see 
i:;laLd by description, when we see it net. The °sun never saw a faircr city, 
The'ala Tempe, orchards, gardens, pleasant walks, groves, fountains, &c. The 
heaven itself is said te be Pçair or fou]: iair buildinffs, fair pictures, all aff¢i- 
ficial, elaborate and curions works, clothes, give an admirable lustre : 
admire, and gaze upon them, ut ptzeri Junonls avem, a.s children de on tt pea 
cock: a fab- dog, a fah- herse and hawk, &c. qrTlzessalus amat uum pul- 
linu»b bucdum Egylotius , Lacedtemoni« Catulum, &c., such things we love, 
are most gracious in out sight, acceptable unto us, and whatsoever else may 
cause this passion, if it be superfluots or immoderately loved, as Guianerins 
observes. These things in themselves are pleasing and good, singular orna- 
ments, necessary, comely, and fit te be had ; but when we fix an immoderate 
eye, and dote on them over much, this pleasure may turn te paiu, bring much 
sorrow, and discontent unto us, work our final overthrow, and canse melancholy 
in the end. ]Iany are carried away with those bewitching sports of gaming, 
hawking, hunting, and such vain pleasures, as I bave zaid : seine with immo- 
derate desh of faine, te be crowned in the Olympies, knighted in the field, 
&c., and by these means inate themselves. The lascivious dotes on his fait 
mistress, the glutton on his dishes, which are infinitely varied te please the 
palato, the epictu on his several pleasures, the superstitious on his idol, and 
rats himself with future joys, as Turks feed themselves with an imaginary 
lersuasion of tt sensual paradise: se several p]easant objects diverse]y atïec 
diverse men. :But the fairest objects and enticings proceed ftm men them- 
aelves, which most frequently captivate, allure, and make them dote beyond 
measure upon one another, and that for many respects : first, as seine suppose, 
by that secret force of atars, (quod zne tibi ternerat astrum ?) They de sin- 
gularly dote on such a man, hate auch again, and can ve o reason for it, 
t ffon a¢to te Sabidi, /c. Alexander admired Ephestion, Adritm Antinon 
qero Sporns, &c. The physicians refer this te their temperament, astrologer 
te trine and ext/le aspects, or oppçsite of their everal ascendauts, lordz 
It «'The but f a beautiful wma wlth the rail of" a fb.  IpoE . sera . rnemb, 
m I Tire. L 8. • Lip$. epi,t. Camdeno. o Leland of St. Edmondbury. • Coelum serenum oelum 
V'LIm fœdlm. 01i{1. ||b. I. de ngJÆ q Credo equidcm v¥ ducez  3-mot- vltt. 



iIem. 2. Subs. 2.] Objects of Zov«. 479 

their gonitures, love and hatred of planers ; UCicoaa, fo concord and discord 
of spirits ; but most fo outward graces. A mer T companion is welcome and 
acceptable fo ail men, and therefore saith • Gomesius, princes and great mes 
entertain jesters and players commonly in their courts. But YPares cmr, 
p'trlbasfacilllme congregantar, 'ris that "similitude of manners wbich ries most 
men in an inseparable link, as if they be addicted fo the saine studies or dis- 
ports, they dc|ight in one another's companies, " birds of a feather will gather 
toether : if they be of divers inclinations, or opposite in manners, they car 
zeldom agreo, flecondly, aaffability, custom, and fitmiliarity, may cour•ri; 
nature many rimes, though they be differ«nt in manners, as if they be country- 
men, fe|[ow-students, colleagues, or haro been fellow-soldiers, brethren i 
affliction ( acerba calamitatn, societas, diversi etan* inge,i homin, e conjuuglt), 
aoEnity, or some such accidental occasion, though they cannot agree among.,ç 
themselvea, they will stick together like burrs, and hold against a third ; so 
aftcr somo dicontiauance, or death, enmity ¢easeth ; or in a foreign place; 
ss Pas¢itur in vivSs livor, post fat& quIe«cit : 
Et ceciderc otia, et tristes mors obrult ira& " 
A third cause of ]ove and bat•, may be rnutua] offices, acceptum $enefwiztm, 
a commend him, use him kindly, take his part in a quarrel, relier• him in his 
misery, thou winnest him for •ver ; do the opposite, and be sure of a perpetual 
enemy. Praise and dispraise of eaeh other, do as mu•h, though uuknown, as 
eSchoppius by Scaliger and Casaubonus : mulus roulure scabi ; who but Sca- 
liger with him ? what eneomiums, epithets, eulogiums ? A tistes $apientiw, 
2)erpetuus dictator, lit•rature ornamentum, Eurotgoe miraculum, noble ealiger,  
icredibilis ingenii prœestantia, &e., diis poius quam hombdbus per omnia con- 
parandus, scripta •jus aurea ancylla de coelo delapsa poplitibus veneramur 
tlexis, g&e., but when they began to vary, non• vo absurd as Scaliger, so vile 
and base, as his books de. Bwfdonm familial, and other satia-ical invectives 
nlay witness. OvhL in lbln, Arehilocus himself was hot so bitter. -Another 
grett tie or cause of love, is consanguinity : parents are dear to their children, 
children to their parents, brothers and sisters, eousins of ail sorts, as a heu 
and chickens, ail of a -laot : every erow thinks.her own bird fait-est. ]Iany 
memorable examples are in this kind, and 'tis portenti simile, iï they do hOt : " a 
mother cannot tbl'get ber child :" Solomon so round out the true owner: love of 
parents may hot be eoncealed, 'tis natural, des•ends, and they tht are inhumaa 
in this kind, are unworthy of that air they breathe, and of the four elements; 
yet many unnatuml examples we bave in this tank, of hard-hearted parents, 
disobedient children, of idisa-eeing brothers, nothing so common. The love 
of kinsmeu is ga'own eold, "kmany kinsmen (as the saying is) îew fTiends ;" 
if thine estate be good, and thou able, par pari 'eferre, to requite their kind- 
ness, there will be mutual eorrespondence, otherwise thou art a burden, most 
odious to them above ail others. The last object that ties man and man, i 
comeliness of person, and beauty alone, as men love women with awanton eye : 
which x«' iZq is termed heroieal, or love-melancholy. Other loves (saith 
Pieolomineus) are so called with some contraction, as the love of wine, gold, 
&e., but this of women is predominant in a higher strain, whooe part affeeted 
is the liver, and this love al•serres a longer explication, and s]aall be dilated 
apm bi the next se•tion. 
u Omnlf. mag. lib. 12. cap. 3. • De sale genali, / 3. c. 15. Y Theod. Prodromu•, arnor, lib. 3. 
• Similitudo roam larit avaicitiavn, a 'i, 3, de anima, b Qui ivn,.tl fecere aufragtuvn, sut  
pcrtulere vlncult vel ¢ollailii ¢onjarationtm'e o¢ie,ate jnngOntur, Illvlcem amant: I1rutorn et Casium invioenl 
hffetaos Cw.arimus dominatus ¢ou¢iliait. 2Emflins Lepidtm et Joliu« laccu.% quum eent inina[clim| 
ccneores renunciat! ,imultate Illico dclosuere. $cu]et. cap. 4. de cauea amor. e Pai)lniu& dlsocrales 
demonico proec.ipit ut quum allcuJue amicitiam vellet, Illttm laurier, quod latin inittnrn amorl •it, vltuperatio 
eirnuttatum, • Suspect. lect. 1113. 1. cap. .. f « The prient of wllom, perpetual dictator, ornament 
of lit•rat•re, wonder of Europe." g "O incredible excellence or leus, &c., more cooelmrable to god=" 
than man', In every re=pect we venerate your ,,vritinl=e on bended kneea, a we do the aield that fell from 
la•aven." b Isa. x]Jx, ! Raxa et concotdia fa'atrum, k Gad. L cap. 22. 



480 Lave 'lelancho?,¢. [Pari,. 3. Sec. 1. 

SvnsEc'r. III.--Lronest objets of Love. 
BE.«V'¢ is the eommon objeet of aH love, «  jet draws a straw, so doth 
beauty love :" virtue and honty are t moti and giçe  r a lustro 
 the test, eially  they be scere and right, not OE, but proeding 
from te form, and an ineorpt judgment; those two Ven' tws, Eros and 
nros, a then most fi and ft. For many rimes otherwise men are 
deoeived by their flatteng athos, dsemblg camelion outsid, ho- 
crites, that make a sho of t lov ling, ptend honty, ue, ze, 
modesty, th affect loo and oeuurfeit gest : feied prostatio 
ofçen steal away the heas and vou of men, d deceive them, 
tt et umbr, when  reverd and deed, there  no woh or honty at 
it them, no tth, but mere hocy, subtty, avery, and the e. As true 
fi-iends they are,  he that CoeHus Seedus m by the highy side  d 
h'd it  in t tempog age to distfish such compao, or to 
them out. Such athos  theze for the most pa belong to 'eat men, and 
by this glozing flattery, aabty, and such le philters, so ve and insinua 
i[tto their avom, that they are ken for men of exoellent wo wisdom, 
learng, demi-gods, and so scw themselves into diti, honou, 
1,u the men OEe hah coction oe and  many tim st  eh 
bo.'s couo in a commonwIth ovehrew theelv and othe. 
Tandler and some autho make a doubt, whether love and hatred may be 
compelled by philte or charte ; Cardan and Mbodius, by precious ston 
axd amulets trologers by elecfion of tes, &c.  mi zH elsewhere dis- 
cul. The te object of ts honest love is ue, wom, honty,  real 
worth, ltform, and this love cannot deceive or be compelled, 
abil , love itoelf  the most potent ptm, ue and dom, 
9rature «, the sole d oy ce, hot counteffelt but open, hon, 
i:nple, naked, « °doendg from hean,"  o apose bath it, an iaed 
habit from God, weh hath ven seve gifts,  wit, leang, tones, for 
which they »hl ho able and grio, Eph. iv. 11.   Sa stature and 
a goodly prence, I Sam. i" 1. Joseph round vo in hamoh's cou, 
Ge xx for ' peon  and Dael th e poes of the eunuch 
Dan. x. 19. Cist w ioas with God and me Luke iL 52. There 
still some peiar oe,  of good oe, eloquenoe, wit, honty, wch 
 the um , t mover, d a most forcible loatone to 
f:tvou and good w of men's ey, , d ctio  them. en 
" J spake, they were all tohed at his ae (Luke  47.), and 
vondered at  grio words whieh prooeeded flore  mout"An omr 
za away the heas of me d  other Ohe, ç vult, un v, he 
1' them  him by pch alone : a swt voice caeth adoration ; and he 
tt OEn utr se  go wor,  o ord pe,  OElled a proper 
man, a dive spit5t. Yor wch OEe bee, o old poe, Sn 
lsçue m, ruade Iercy the gentlem-her to the Gres, mpn 
of eloquenoe, and those charities to be Jupir's and Eone's daughte 
doended flore above. Though they be othese deforme crook, ly to 
behold, tho good pa of the d denote them ir. lato coends 
the buty of crat : yet who w more m of countenoe, ste, and 
gfly to look upon  So are and have en many eat plosophe  q Gre- 
go Nn obse, "deformed most p  that which  to be sn 
with the ey,but most elegant  that which  not to be seem  Sæ 
 s« . sop, Democ6tus, totle, PoHtnu Meethon, 
lv . de  ut pm uoEum c forain   m . Nihll  hom 
pr«b o j fil I 0.  Gtior t po veens  corpe  q Oa 18. d q 



Mem. 2. Subs. 3.] tZ»nest Obj.'s of ove. 4 

Oesner, &c. withered old men, ,çi[en A[«¢hde, very harh an.1 impolite to 
the eye ; but who were so terse, polite, eloquent, nally learned, tcmperate 
aud modest  No man then ling w so fair  Alcibiades, so lovely q ad 
upem, to the eye, as rBoethim observ, but he had Cor turp 
nt«, a most defoed soul ; honesty, rtue, fir condition, are eat 
entloem fo such a are well ven, and much avafl  get the favour and good- 
11 of men.. Abdolominus in Cius, a poor man (but wlfich mine author 
notes "* the cauæ of s poverty w his honesty"), for hh modesty aad con- 
tinency from a pvate rn (for thcy fod him dg in h garden) 
salud king, d prefeed before aH the maficoes of s rime, 
voA$ urâ aurooE dgncta, «a purple embroidered ga,ent was pub 
,pon him,  and *hey be him wah mlf, and,  he w wohy, ke upon 
him the style and spirit of a ng," continue his continency and fl*e mt ofhis 
good pas. Titre Pomponlus A tticus, that noble citizen of Home, was so 
c*mditioned, of so sweet a caie, that he w gerally beloved of all good 
men, of Coeur, Pompey, Antony, TuIly, of vem sects, &c. moEeas roEi- 
t«t Coelius Nepos tes) $o bonS,are coequutu$. Operoe eliu», 
«udire, &c. If  worthy of your attention, Li cri. "  you that orn alI 
b**t ch, and ve no esem fo virtue, except they be wealtl W withal, Q. 
Cincinnatus had but four actes, and by the connt of the sena was 
dictar of me. Of such ount were Cato, Fabcius, Arhtid, Autonius, 
Probus, for their eminent woh : so Cmsar, Trajan, Alexander, admired for 
vlour, y Hœephesion loved Alexander, but Parmenio the g : Tus 
humani geins, aud which Aurelius Victor bath of Vespatian, the darliug of his 
rime,  z Edgar EtheHag w in England, for his  excellent virt**es : their 
memot T £ yet foesh, sweet, and we love them ruant as after, though 
be dead : Suavem nerm $,d reliquit, saith Lipsius of his friend, ling and 
dead they e ail one. ,, b I haro ever loved  thou knowt ( Tully wro 
fo Dolabella) Marcus Brutus for his eat t, singular honesty, constancy, 
swee conditio ; and believe if « there is nothing so amiable and fair 
virtue." " I d do mightily love Calsinus, (so Pfiny writes to Sossius,) a most 
dustous, eloquent, upright man, which  a in ail th me :" the affection 
came from h good parts. And  St. Austin comments on the 8th Plm, 
"« there is a peculiar auty of justice, and ward beauty, wlch we see with 
the eyes of out heas, love, and are enamoured with, a  marty,:, though 
thir bodies be torn in pieces th d bets, yet th beauty shines, and we 
love their rtu." The rstoioE are of opinion that a e man  only fair 
and Cato  Tully 3  Fini contends the saine, that the lineaments of 
the mind are far çArer than those of the body, incomparably bond them 
widom and valour cording to g Xenopho oepecially derv the naine of 
beauty, and deno one fair, et bwompargiter pu t ( Austin 
holds) ves Çhnum quam He Groe¢m. « Wine is strong, the 
kg is strong, wOmen are strong, but tn, th overcometh all things," Esd. i. 3, 
10, 1 l, 12. "Bleed h the man that findeth isdom, and getteth under- 
st:mding ; for he merchandise themof is betr than silver, and the gMn 
thereof betr than gold ; it  more precious an pear, and all the tngs 

r 43 de consul. $ CauÇa e! paupertats, phtlooplia, sit pleM.e prottas fui t Ablue coins et 
cape re animum et i eam fortunam, 
proe dlvis humsna çpemt, nec vi'tl loc putant nisi opes 
n ctatorem omanum electu Y Ciu 
oba co, omp officia a]iu auios demerentur, b Ei,ist: 
M. Brutum propr ¢ua Km 
ihll est, mihi  ute formoi  abiH e Ardente amor exciret, si simuim ejus 
 os noearet. P Phove. d Epis llh 4. Vidi diHgo m rectum, d,tm, qu 
apud me ns[mum es • Est qndam pchtudo Jushdoe qm dem iis rd, amamus, et 
¢xArdcimu& ut  yb qtum eomm mbra bestioe ierarent, e alh defoe& & f Llpsi,ls 
»m[Iduc. ad Ph Sic. IIb. . d. 
çm p*oeiu mctat. 



48. Love-felancholy. [Part. 3. c. I. 
thou nst esire are no to e oempsred fo ber," Prov. 
te, just, upght, and goed  I say it agai is only fair :  it  pod 
of 3Iagdalene Qun of France, and wffe to Le XI., a Scottish womau by 
birt tt wang forth  an eveng th her i, she spied M. 
one of the s chaplain a sy, old, i h-favoud man ft loep in a 
bower, and kid m swoetly ; when the young la ughed at her tbr t, 
she plie that it  hot  pemon tt she d embr and revenoe, 
but, th a ptonic love, the e auty of k his souL 
ue bath boen adore admire a singur ltre th proded flore it : 
d the more virtuous he , the more aciom% the more admireoE No man 
 much followed upon h  Cht Mmself; and  the Psalmist 
xlv. 2, "He w fer than the sons of mem" Chsostom, H 8 in Mat. 
Bernard, Ser. 1,  ornnibus sanct ; Ain Ciodore, H. in 9 3[. r- 
poet it ofthe  buty of his mon; there  a divine jty  his loek it 
shed le ghtng and drcw ail men  if : but B, C9ril. lib. 6. p. 55. 
Esa. dorct, obiu, &a of the beauty of  nity, juice, 
eloquenoe, &c. Tho in PL v. ofboth ; and so doth Baradi d Peter 
Morale, l.  oet. J  Ma, dg  much of Joseph and the 
V Iary, læc als f prœeser oms, m aoeording to that pre- 
diction of Siby Cumea. Be they prient or abnt, nr , or  o this 
auty shes, and w attract men many mlles to oeme and sit it. hto 
and Pythagor le their country, fo see thooe se ian pes : Apol- 
lonius travelled into top, Pem, fo comult th the Magi, Bracni, 
mnosophts. The Queen of Sheba OEme to vit Solomon ; d "my," 
saih a Hierom, "went out of Spa and remo piac a thousand mlles, to 
behold that eloquent Livy" : o Muhi Rom n uS urbem pcrrim, a 
urb et b minum Oclavianum, soE u$ hu unum ine audirentçue, 
h Gadus prcti sun$. o besuty lv such an imprio str so dee 
« or li the  of men clor t ue. 
 q Nn per d aut Ictor 
Aut statua  flngem 
Tem pulciem am v habet 
"no psinr, no aver, no caer  expr ue's luse, or thooe ble 
rsys that corne Rom it, those enchantg ys that eno postety, tho 
everlasting rays that continue to the worlffs en&" Iany, ith Phavorinus, 
lhat loved and aired Alcibiad  his youth, ew hot, ed hot for 
cibiades a man, nuc in$ut quwreb$ Albm; but the buty of 
Socra  st the e ; r virtue's ltre never f,  ever fish d een, 
»emp va to aH succeeng  d a most attractive loedstone, to dw 
and o»mbe ch  are prient. For that rein le, Homer feins the 
throe Gmc  be ked d tied hd  hand, bae the hea of mea 
are so fiy united with such ac. " O eet bds (Sena 
which so hpppfly oembe, that thooe wch e hound hy them love ther 
bindem, dg thM much more barder to  bod," and  so many 
Gelons   uted into one. For the natm'e ofte ienp  to comb 
 be e affec of one d, 
• « t Vce  aorte amb idem, toEque to 
e$ oevo' 
 the et salth, ffi fo contimm one and the saine. And where t love 
taks pce there  oe d Quietn, a te corrndenoe, pee 
ebà , , u ueu.  Dom te ei t ne num mum ha 
= »" "u : or t ua  ho ad  trshen. 
tciUfiut e  t tnoE, q  & v . cupit ¢ti dcU et  um r. 



Mer-. . Subs. $.] Hones. Objecs of Love, 483 
amlty, a diapon of vows and hes, the me opiniom,  between UDad 
and Jonathan, Damon and Pythi, Pylad and OreS, Nysm and 
Eualus, Theus and Ph-ithom, they 11 lire and dis geher, and 
secute one anogher with goed tums. am inci in are turMmum 
ane, net only ving, but when their en are dead, with ombs and 
monuments, Ne, epitaphs, elegie, criptions, pyrami, olis, sgatu, 
imag, pictur, hhries, poeq, aah, feasts, anversaries, many ages afier 
(m Ph's oehoh did) they 11 parmtare stoE omit no goed office that 
may tend te he preseation of their names, horions, and eteal memo. 
Illu eo, illu cd, um oere, &c. « He did expss his ffieuds 
colou, in wax, in bs, in ivory, marble, ld, and sver (m Pliuy reports of 
a citizen h me)., aud in aç au,tory net long siuoe recied a just volume 
of s lire." In another phoe, bspeakg of an epi.am which Maial h 
comsed h praise of him, "¢ He gave me  much  he might, and would 
have dons r.ore ifhe could : though what OEn a m give mo than honour, 
glo, d eteity ? But that which he ote radventuoe, wiH net con- 
tinue, yet he ote it te ntinue." 'Tis all the oempee a pr holar 
make his weH-deg patron, Mecœen, friend, te mention   Iris wor, 
te decate a book te his naine,  te hh lff, &c.,  a out poets, orato, 
historiographers bave evoe dons, and the grtest revenge such men take of 
their veafies, te rsute them th satires, hvectiv, &g,  and 'ris both 
ways of great momeuç,  «Pla ves us te understand. Paulus Jovius, 
the çuh book of the life and doeds of Pope L Decim, his noble patin, 
conclud h theoe words, "eBecause I canner houour him m other rich meu 
de, with  endeavour, afftion, and piety, I ve uuderken o -i 
lifo ; finoe my fort 'i net vo me leave te make a more sumptuous 
monument, I will peffo thoee ntes te s cd hes, svhich a sfi. perhaps, 
but a liberal wi can aord." But I fore. 'here t te love is wanting, 
there can be no dru ce, frienhip fim teeth outward, oeunterfeit, or for 
seine by-mscts, se long dissembled, till they have satisfi their o ends, 
vhich, upon every small ioa, brks out lute enmity, open war, defianoe 
heart-bugs, whiapng, calumnieh conntions, d ail manner of bitter 
melancholy dhcontents. And tho men which bave no other object of theff 
love, than greatns wlt authority, &a: ame ther feared than loved 
ec aman$ q«emuan,  aaangur ab llo : and howsoever boe with for a 
rime, ye for thcir tyranny and oppression, gHping, veton, cmwish 
haness, folly, intemperance, impudence, and such ke vices, Chey are 
nemlly oo, abhoed of all, both God and mem 
"'n uxor lm te lt, non filioE% otaries 
"we and children, friend, neighurs, all the world fores them, would 
fign be d of them," and re comtled mny tim to y vioteut hnds on 
theoE, or el God's judents oeake them : std of aoes, eome fues. 
o h r Abiail, a woman of sar wiom, w acceptable  David, 
Nab w churh and el-conditioned; ad therefore Mordeeai 
reçei:ed, when man as exeeuted, Hamn the favou, "tt had 
at above the other proe to whom a the s servants tlmt sd in the 
,,eloEedmhelhisso"iSa. L '«Beyondtbeloveoçwomen-" XVirff. 9 
. Q super enimem oe conjecit amim nfe YAniç aimœe di AtiL 
¢o0 4. p. 6. Quod de VDgilio Borali: t eervanimœe didium me tPliiu& alllum 
argento e aro, iU ere, ore «1% et nuper gettt uibi auitorio ingentem de 
ua b rL episL llK 4. epiet. . b Lib.i¢. ep. 61. P auo. • Dedit m quant pot 
maxim, tu mp ai eL me d hominl di po maJ q glo la. et 
ni? Atnonth,qumsipL lemensctquamentlat 
teva, dLIb. l&de Legib. aam emmbent,& epa men studio et 
ple conribendoe  eJ m spi. et postqm aumpmom oende pro founa non lich 
exio d eo forte ra ge monumento ju ncso ce.i lvent. f I S xx*. 



48 Love-Mdancholy. [Part. 3. ,Se.e. 1.' 

garez, bowed their knees and reverenced." Though they flourish many time.% 
such hypocrites, such temporising foxes, and blear the world's eyes by flattery, 
bribery, dissembling their natures, or other men's weakness, that cannot so 
apprehend their tricks, yet in the end they will be discerned, and precipitated, 
in a moment: "surely," sith David, "thou hast set them in slippery places," 
/)s. xxxviL 5. as so many Sejani, they will corne down to the Gemonia]l 
scales ; and as Eusebius in hAmmianus, that was in such atthority, ad 
j«bendum r»tlgeratorem, be cast down headlong on a sudden. Or put case 
they escape, and test unmasked to their laves' end, yet aftêr theh" deth their 
memory stinks as a snuff of a candle put out, and those that durst hot so 
much as mutter against them in their laves, will prosecute their naine with 
satires, libels, and bitter imprecoEtions, they shall nm/è audire in all succeed- 
ing ages, and be odious to the world's end. 

:MEMB. Iii. 
C£aHty composed of all three .Kinds, Pleasant, Profitable, 11onest. 
Bm t love that oemes ri-oto profit, plet, honest (for ont good turn 
a- auother  equity), that which proeeeds om tho law of nature, or from 
discipline and philosop hy, there is yet another loveeomunded of a the thr, 
wlfich  charity, and includes piety, dilution, benevolence, friendship, evea 
ail those vtuo habi ; for love  the cirdo equaut of 1 other affections, 
of which Attotle dilates af large   Et, and  commanded by God, 
which no man ca well pertbrm, but he that b a Cti and a te rege- 
herate man; this is, "iTo loveGod above a,and our eighbourasouae;" for 
t his love  lychnns acce et ns, a communioEting light, apt  iHumi- 
tate itself as well  othem. Al other objets e fait, and very beautitid, I 
confe ; khdred, iance, feadship, the love that we owe fo our oeuntry, 
nard, wealth, pleasure, hoour, and uch moral rpect &c., of which read 
k copio Aristle  h morah; a man b beloved of a man,  that he  a 
man ; bu aH the a  more eminen and eat, when they shall proceed 
li-om a anctified spirit, that bath a te uch of religion, and a referenoe to 
ç od. Nature binds M1 crtures to love their yog one ; a hen  prrve 
ber brood will  upon a lion, a d w fight with a bull, a w with a r, 
«sfilyshoep with a fox. So the saine nature urgha man to lovehis parents, (idii 
9ne pnt n odb, d te mag qm os am os ) and thLs love 
I,e lved,  Tully holà, "m thout desMble offenoe:" but much more 
God's commandment, which eujos a filial love, and an obeence  this kind. 
,, n The love of brethren is t, and ke an arch of snes, where if" oue 
dplac, all com down," no love so forcible and strong, honest, to the com- 
btion of which, nature, foe, virtue, happfly concur; yet t love com 
sho of lU °Du et decorum pro pat ¢i, oit ot be expred, what 
a deM of charity that one me of cont conns. A»  a 
Tro stipd t; the Decfi did se vove, Hortfi, Cu Scœevola, 
odrus, sacrifice themselves for their cot's peo and g. 
"q Una OEeç Fabi« ed !lum memt o ] " One y the Fabli ntoutly 
Ad lum , roEt a ." Oe y tbe Fab were destroyer" 
Fiy thound Englishmen lost their lires wfllingly near Battle Abbey, 
d,-fenoe of their country. P. miliu L 6. sp ofs setom of Cala 
thnt came with halrs  their hnnds to the g of gd, to e for the 
h Am. laroelltn I. 11. ! Ut mnnd duo polln ntat : I lel DcI amoee Del et pxlml 
duobus  funmentis ncl ; mhina mun  sl una de  ttur ; lex nt vina si unl 
ex  k 8 et 9 b. I T. AQelp 4, 5. m De amiK  Chad ent lu] ni 
u   t. AnUO 17. db Mayer. nal. bl, tb. I 



Mem. 3.] Dviso of L. "46 

reat. This love makes se many writers take such pains, se m my hitoriogra- 
phers, physicians, &c., or st let, as they pretend, for common safety, and 
their coun's benefit.  atu ; amical, son commzn sacra ; 
friendshp  a holy naine, and a cred commuon of ffien. ,,t  the 
sun  in the en   fenhip n the wofld," a most divine and 
heavenly b.moE As nuptial love mak, t perfects mkind, and h to be 
prefeed (ifyou will std to thejudgment of CorneSus Nepos) before affiaity 
or coity; pl n amcitiâ va smil[tudo n quan ans» 
the co of love bind faster tn any other wreath whatsoever. Take th 
away, and ake a pleasure, joy, comfo, ppiness, and rue connt ou of 
the world; 't the eatest rie, the ses indene, strongest band, and, as 
out modera Maro ces i,  much to be ptferred bfore the test. 

"x Hard ls the doubt, sud difi]en]t to deem, 
When all three knd of love togeher meet ; 
And do diprt the heart with power extreme, 
ghether shall weigh the balance down; to wit, 
The der affection unto kidred aweet, 
Or raging tire of |ove to women kind, 
Or zel of frlends, combin'd by virtiis moet; 
But of them alI the hand of virtuous m:ud. 
Methinka the gentle hear should most aasarcd bind. 

«* For natural affection ecen doth cesse, 
And quenched is with Cupid's greater flame; 
But fai[hfnl friendship doth them both suppres% 
Ald them with mastering discipline doth tamej 
"l'hrough thoughts aspirng fo eternal faine. 
For as the soul doth fuie the erthl¥ ma+ 
And all the service of the body frame, 
 |ove of soul doth love of body pass, [bras." 
No Ie. than per|ect gold stlrmotmts the meanet 

Y A faithful friend is better than Zgold, a medicine of miry, a an only pos- 
session; yet this love of friends, nuptial, heroical, profitable, pleasant, honest, 
all three loves put together, are little wortb, if they proceed hot from a true 
Christian illunnated soul, if it be hot done in ordi ad Deux, for God'.« 
sake. "Though I had the gif of prophecy, spake with tongues of man and 
angels, though I feed the poor with all my goods, give my body fo be bued, 
and h.ve hot this lov-, if profiteth me nothing," 1 Cor. xiii. 1, 3. 'ris splendi- 
dura pcca$um, without charity. This is an all-apprehending love, a deifyin.g 
love, a refined, pure, divine love, the quintessence of all love, the true philoso- 
pher's stone, Non potes enbn, as b Austin infers, veracer amcus esse homnis, 
islfueri ipsius primltus verhatis, He is no true friend that lovcs hot God's 
truth. And therefore this is true love indeed, the cause of all good to mortal 
man, that reconciles all creatures, and glues them together in perpetual amity 
and firm league; and can no more abide bitterness, hate, malice, than fait and 
foul weather, light and darkness, sterility and plenty may be together; as the 
sun in the firmament (I say), ao is love in the worhl; and for this cause, 'ris 
love without an addition, love, love of God, and love of men. ,,c The love of 
God begets the love of man ; and by this love of our neighhour, the love of 
God is nourished and increased." By this happy union of love, "dall well 
governed familles and cities are combined, the heavens annexed, and divine 
souls complicated, the world itself composed, and all that is in it conjoined in 
God, and reduced fo one. aThis love causeth true and absolute virtues, tbe 
lire, spirit, and foot of every virtuous action, it finisheth prosperity, easeth 
adversity, corrects all natural incumbrances, inconvenlences, sustained by aith 
• nd hope, which with this out love make an indissoluble twist, a Gordian knot, 
n equilteral triangle, and yet the greatest of them is love," 1 Cor. xiii. 13, 
,, r which inflames our souls with a divine best, and being so inflamed, purged, 
and so purgeth, elevates to God, makes an atonement, nd reconciles us unto 
him." g That other love infects the soul of man, this cleanseth ; that deprese, 
thi rears$ that causeth tares and troubles, this quietness of ndad; this 

• Tuly. | Luelanu ToxarL Amcltla ut sol n mundo, &c. u Vit. Pompen- AtticL x Spencer, 
Faërie Quene, lib. . cant. 9 etaff. 1, 2. I Syracide. • Plutarch, precosum numism& a Xenophon, 
verv amicu prestantitma posaelo, b Eptat. 5t • Greg. Per amorem Dal, proximl g]g'[dtur  et 
ler huc amorem prox.iml, De| nutitur, d P|ecolomlnens, grad. 7. cap. Z hoc lai|ci allloris nodo ligantur 
ftmle, ¢dvitates, &e. • veras absohitas hec parig virtute radix omnlum virtutum, mens et spirtu& 
f | Jivxo e..oga urnOt [ncelldlt, Incensoç Imrgat, purgtoa elevst ad Denm. Deum i]a¢at, bom[nem Deo cou° 
c|lat. Bernard. g Ille inflcit, hic perflcit illa ]ept'imig, hic elevat; hic tranqulfitatem, lI¢ curas pm-g-- 



486 I,o'ee-Md,choly. [Part. 3. Sec. 1. 
Jureras, that deforms our lire; that leada te repentnee, this te heaven." For 
if once we be ttaly linked and touched with this charity, we shall love Ood 
above all, out neighbour as ourself, as we are eujoined, Mark xii. 31. Matt. 
xi 19. pel»rm those duties and exercises, even all the operations of a good 
Christian. 
"This love suffereth long, it is bountiful, envieth net, boasteth net itself, 
net puffed up, it deceiveth net, if seeketh net lais own things, is net provoked 
te anger, if tbinketh net evil, it rejoiceth net in iniquîty, but in truth. 
suffereth ail things, believeth ail things, hopeth ail thing.," 1 Çor. xiii. 4, 
6, 7 ; "if covereth ail trespasses," Prov. x. 12 ; "a multitude of sins," 1 Pet, iv. 8, 
as our Saviour told the woman ha the Oospel, that washed his feet, "many 
sius were forgiven ber, for sbe loved much," Luke vil 47; "if will defend the 
fatberless and the widow," Isa. i. 17; "will seek no revenge, or be mindful of 
wrong," Levit` xîx. 18 ; "will bring home his brother's ex if he go astray, as 
if is commanded," Deut. xxiL 1 ; "will resist evil, give te him that asketh, and 
net turn frein him that borroweth, bless them that curse him, love his enemy," 
I:ttt. v; "bear his brother's burthen," Gal. vi. 7. He that se loves wiil be 
hospitable, and distribute te the necessities of the saints; he will, if it be pos- 
sible, bave peace with ail men, "feed lais enemy if he be hungry, if he ho 
athirst give him drink ;" he wiil perform those seven wor-ks of mercy, « ho 
will make him.elf equal te them of the lower sort, rejoice with them that 
rejoice, weep with them that weep," Ron xii; he will speak truth te his neigh- 
bout, be courteous and teuder-hearted, "forgiving others for Christ's sake, a 
God forgave him," Eph. iv. 32; "he wîll be like minded," Phil. iL 2. "Of 
oue judgmeut; be humble, meek, long-sufferiug," Colos. iiL "Forbear, forget 
and forure," xii. 13. 23. and what he doth shall be heartily doue te God, and 
net te men. "Be pitiful and courteous," 1 Pet. iii. " Seek peace and foilo" 
it." tIe will love his brother, net in word and tongue, but in deed and tixlth, 
John iii. 18. "and he that loves God, Christ will love him that is begotten et 
him," John v. I, &c. Thus should we iilingly de, if we had a true touch of 
this charity: of this divine love, ifwe could perform this whieh we are cnjoined, 
forger and forgive» and compose ourselves te those Christian laws of love. 
'q 0 foeix homlnum ge.nus. 
quo coelum re$1tar regatl  
"Angelical soùs, ho blessed, ho happy should we be, so loving, how mighl 
we triumph oer the devil, and have another heaven upon earh!" 
But this we cannot do; and which is the cause of ail our woes, miserie, 
diseontent, melaneholy, kwant o this charity. We do 6eem 
ontemn, consult, vex, torture, molest, and hold oe anoher's nosea fo the 
grindtone hard: provoe, rail, scoff, calumniate, challenge, hure, abuse (hard- " 
hearted, hnplacable, malieios, peevish, inexorable as we are), fo sat/sfy out 
lnst o pvate spleen, fr toys, trifles, and impertinent ocasios, spend or- 
selves, goods, friends, forunes, to be revenged on ot adversary, to ruin him 
and his. 'Tis ail out study, practiee, and business how to plot miscb_/e m/ne, 
countermine, defeud and offend, ward orselves, injure ohers, hurb a11; as if 
we were born to dornischief, and that with sueh eagerness and biterness, 
with sueh rancour, malice, rage, and fury, we proseeute ot intended designs 
that neither atEnity or consanguinity, love o fear o God or men can contaiu 
us: no satisfactio, no copoition will be accepted, nooices wiil serve, no 
bmission; though he shall upon hîs knees as Sarpedo did to Glaueus in 
er, acka.o..wledging his_erro.r, yield himse with teurs in his eyes, beg his 
p con, we wili not relent, lbrve» or foger, till we bave cofounded him and 
i Boealus, h. ¢. meL . 
lnstlt, m. | lqodm tu Clrl kqurueDeliquinm palàtur clmrta, odifim  Io¢o e.¢ei. BI1. l. 



Mem. .J Cha. 487 
his, "moee dice ofhis bones," as they ay, see him rot in prison, banish hi 
friends, followe,  om i«vunz gelons, rooted h out and ail hi. posterity. 
Moste of me  we are, do, wolve% m tigers, fiend% incarm devils, we 
do hot only oenten oppress, and tyranse ouroelve, but  so many tire- 
brsnds, we set o and amate others: our whole lire is a petual combat, 
a con, a set batfl% a snar] fit. Ezis dea  settled in our teits, » 
 li, opsing wit to wit, wlth to wealth, strenh to st»ength, fox,unes to 
founes, iends to friends,  at a oea-fight, we tu out broadsidcs, or two 
milIstones with oenthual atttion, we fi ouelves, or break anoçher's ks 
and both are ned and consumed in the end. B[iserable vretehes, to fitt and 
enrich omelve we care hot how we get it, Quocune nodo rem; how many 
thoands we undo, whom we opps by who in and downfidl we arisc, 
whom we injur% OEtherle ehdre widows, common eieties, to satisçy out 
o private lust. Though we bave myriads, abundanoe of wealth and tta- 
sm'e (pitvss, merciless, remor»ele, and charitable in the highest 
and out poor brother in nd, sieess,  great extremiç, and nov ady to 
starved for want of food, we had rather, as the fox to]d thc ai»e, his hil should 
swoep the gd stl, than cover  buttocks; ther snd it idly, consume 
if with dogs, haw, hounds, unneceary blding in riotous apparcl, ingur- 
gitate, or let it be loet, tn he should bave part of it °rather take from 
that ttle whieh he th, than reeve h. 
Like the dog  the manger, we ncither use if ouelve% let othe make 
use of or enjoy it; pa with nothing we we lire: tbr want of disposing out 
hoel and setting things  order, set a the world together by the ea 
afr our death. Foot Lazas H howg at his ga for a few crumbs, ho 
only oee ehipph, offals; let h ar and howl, famish, and eat his own 
flesh, he rests him hot. A poor decayed ksman of s oets upon him 
the way in ail  jollity, and runs beg.ng bareheaded by him, eonjuring 
tlose former bonds of frienhip, ance, eonsanguity, &c. uncle, eouin, 
brother, ther, 
"Per ego h ]. dextrque tuam t 
SI quidqu de te mei, fuit aut tibi quam 
« Show some plty for Christ's sake, pity a siek man, an old n," &c., he 
cares ot, de on: pretend sieess, inetable loss of limbs, goods, plead 
suretyship, or spwrk, es, common lamities, show thy wants and im- 
perfections, 
"Et si per sancmJuratua dit 
Crt non ludo, cCu toite cud.  
« Swr, prost, te d d ail his angels to wtness, qre 
thou a a eounffeit OE'k, a eheater, he is hot touehed with it, pauper ubi- 
çwjace, ride on, he kes no notioe of it." Put up a Upldition  him i 
the naine of a thousand mns, a hospita], a spiral, a priu, 
they ery out to him for aid, de on, surdo arras, he cares hot, let them eat 
ston devour themselves th ver, rot in their own dung, he cas hot. 
Show him a deeayed haven, a bridge, a sehoo], a fortification, &c., or some 
pubc work, ride on; od yo worsp, your honour, for Gvd's ke, your 
cots sake, de on. But show him a 11 whereh h naine shall be regis- 
tend  goldën lette, and commended  a postety, his arms set up, vith 
his de to be en, then radventure he w stay and contribute; or if 
thou nst thunder upon him,  apists do, with ttacto d me»irio 
wor, or peuple  by t means he shafi ve h soul out of hell, and 
fie it flore purgato ( he be of any religion), then  a elood he will 
m HIrue admnt ua  nH¢r °Si  gehn abit, pauperem qui 
n : qd de ¢o t q puperem dut[ 



488 Love-.felancholy. [Part. 3. Sec. 1 
listen and stay; or that he have no children, no near kinsman, heir, he cares 
for, at least, or canner well tell otherwie how or where te bestow his posses- 
sions (for carry them with him he cannot), it may be then he will build seine 
school or hospital in his life, or be induced te give liberally te pious uses after 
hLs death. For I date boldly say, vain-glory, that opinion of merit, and this 
enforced necessity, when they know net otherwise how te leave, or what better 
te de with them, is the main cause of most of our good works. I will net urg 
this te derogate frein any man's charitable devotiou, or bouuty in this kind te 
censure any good work; no doubt there be mauy sanctified, heroical and 
worthy-minded men, that in true zeal, and for virtue's sake (divine spirits), that 
out of commiseration and pity extend theh" liberality, and as much as in them 
lies de good te all men, clothe the naked, feed the hungry, comfort the sick 
and ncedy, relieve ail, forger and forgive injuries, as true charity requires; yet 
most part there is Mmulatum quid, a deal of hypocrisy in this -kJnd, much 
deiult and defect. PComo de 3Iedici, that rich citizen of Florence, ingenu- 
ously confessed te a near fi-iend of his, that would know of him why he built 
se many public and mamxificent palaces, and bestowed se libexally on scholars» 
net that he loved learning more than others, '-but te qeternise his own naine, 
te be hnmortal by the benefit of scholars ; for when his friends were dead, 
• valls decayed, and all inscriptions gone, books would remain te the world's 
ead." The lanthoru in rAthens was built by Zenocles, thetheatre by Pericles, 
the famous port l°yroeum by ]Iusicles, l°allas l°alladium by Phidias, the l°an - 
theon by Callicratidas; but these brave monumenta are decayed ail, and ruined 
lon, smce, theLr bmlders names alone fiourish by meditation of writers. And 
as She said of that Maxàan oak, new cut down and dead, toElius .49rlcd¢e 
nan c[ta stlrps lara diuturna quam quoe Toetoe versa semina Toteat, ]ao 
plant can grow so long as that which is ingenlo sata, set and manured by those 
ever-living wits. tAllon Backuth, that weeping oak, uuder which Deborah, 
lebecca's nurse, died, and was buried, may hot survive the memory of such 
everlasting monuments. Vin glory and emulation (as to most men) was the 
cause efficient, and to be a trumpeter ofhis own fame Cosmo's sole intent so to 
do good, that all the world might take notice of it Such for the most part 
£s the charity of our rimes, such out benefactors, ]lecoeuates and patrons. 
Show me amongst so many myriads, a truly devont, a right, honest, upright» 
meek, humble, a patient, innocuous, innocent, a merciful, a loving, a charita- 
ble man! U29robus quis zobiscum viril? Show me a Caleb or a Joshua! D& 
mihi ]Iu»a vrum-----show a virtuous woman, a constant wife, a g»od neigh- 
bout, a trusty servant, an obedient child, a true friend, &c. Crows in Ati'ica 
are hot so seant. He that shall examine this "iron age whereln we lire, wher 
love is cold» t.iam terras A«trea reliffuit, justice flcd with ber assitant» virtue 
expelled 
 « • Jtloe soror, 
Incorrupta fida, nUdle verlt," 
all goodness gone, where vice abounds, the devil is loose, and see one man 
filify and insult over his brother, as if he were an innocent, or a bloek, op- 
press, tyrannise, prey upon, torture him, vex, gall» torment and crucify him, 
starve him, where is charity  He that shall see men Zswear and forswear, 
lie and bear fa]se witness, fo advantage thetnselves, prejudice others, hazard 
goods, lires» fortunes, credit» all, to be revenged on their enemies men so 
anspcakable in their lusts, unnatural in malice» such bloody desimamenta 
• Joviua, vlt club. lrnmortalltatem beneflcla ilterarum, lmmortail gorhJa quadam tpldtt$ eno 
Cuph'l. Q«od cive qulbua benefectst perituri moenia rultura, etal  numptu icata, on librt 
s Pll{arch. Pexi¢le. • Tullitm, llb. I. de legibtm, t Gen. .xv. 8. z Hot. z Dru-ara genuz 
$amtm. 'The  ofustlce, honot Invlota{e, ard naked ruth." " TulL pro Ro Mentirl 
• - c.usa mea? ego  caplde et libenter mentlar tu& c..usa; et ai quudo m vla lerJrm'e t anttlnm 
$ comlmdJl facial, lartnm for clto. 



Mem. 3.] CT, arily. 489 

Italian blasp]mming, Spauih renouncing, &c., may well ask vl,ero is charity ? 
He tht hll observe o manywsts, such endl oeutetio,such plotting, 
dening, so much money snt with such eage and fu, eve T man 
for himself, s own ends, the devfl for a: so my distressed sou, such 
mentable mp so my cfio, nspiraci, section, oppreions, 
abuses, jurie such -udging, repining, conut, so much emation, envy, 
so many brawls, quarrels, monvmachies, &c., may weH req-e what is bema 
of charity  when we sec and d of such cruel wa, tumts, upars, bloody 
battl, so many amcn sl«Un, so many cities nated, &c. (for what ee is the 
subject of all o stode almost, but bs, bow and guns l) so many murdcrs 
and macres, &c., whcre is chaty  Or soe men whoy devote to Gvd, 
churchmen, prvfc»sed divines, holy men, "bto make thc tmpet of the gospe[ 
the trpet of xvar," a company of h-born Jests, aad fiery-spited ri-Jars, 
fem proefirre to all oetions :  so ny ebrands set aH the wor[d by the 
ears (I y nothing of their oententions aud »aiug books, whole ag spent 
w»iting one against another, and that with such vcncy and bittcrne, Eio- 
n ser»wnib e$ sa ni9ro), and by their bloody quitio, that  thiy 
years, Baie sMth, comed 39 princes, 148 ear,235 baron, 14,755 commous; 
worse than those ten percutio, may jusfly doubt where  charity Obseo 
vos çua bi demu» CZtuil e theoe Chrhtia I beech you tcll me: 
he that sh observe and ee the tn, may y to them Catoto Coeur, 
cr,»uoe  ifvris dicun«rfals.t exti»s, "se I think thou art of opinioa 
there  neithoe heaven nor hell." Let them pretend rcHon, ze, make 
what shows they xvfll, give aluxs, ace-makers, frequent »mons,  we y 
e af the troe by the fit they are no better than hoc»ites, epic, 
athets, with the "Cbol  their heas they y there  no God." 'Tis no 
marvel then  being so uucharitahle, hard-heaed as we are, we bave so 
frequet and so many disoentents, such mencholy fits, so many bitter pangs, 
mutual disoerds, all in a combtion, often compint so mmon evanoes, 
general miscle, si tantoe it terr tragoedioe, quibus labactatur  mcrè 
lu«eralur hu»anum genus, so many pestilen, wars, uproa, losses, deluges, 
fi, in,dations, God's renonce aud a the plagues of Ept, corne upoa 
us, since we are so currh one towards anoer, so respecfless of God, and 
ne]ghbours, and by our cryg si pull these mc»i upon our own heads. 
ay more, "ris justly to be tçared, wch Jooephus once d of hk oetry- 
men Jews, " if the Roma had hot corne when they d to ck their city, 
surely it had been swaowed up with some eaoEhque, delu, or fircd from 
heaven  Som and Gomorrah : thdr despe»ate mace, ckes ana 
peess w such." 'Th to be suspccted, ff we continue these -etched 
ways, we may lv,,k for the e heavy vitatio to me upon us. If we had 
any seine or fccling of th tMngs, surcly we should hot go on  we do, 
such irregu[ar oetes, practhe [ manner of impieties ; out whole ca»iage 
wotfld hot be so aveme om God. If a man would but nsider, when he 
 the dst d f OEreer of such prodigio and ctable tio, how 
displeing they are in God's ght, how noxious to himseg,  Solomon told 
Joab, 1 n, iL «' The Lord shall bg this blood upon the becs.  
Prov.  27, "sudden deoelation and destruction shail corne ke a 
upon them: affliction, gtds the rewa»d of h hd shl be ven hic" 
Isa. fil 11, &c., "they shafi fMI into the pit they have ged for othcr," 
aad when they o scpiag, t)'rag, gettg, wafiog  ttm w[th, 

SGalllenrt in Treb. Polllo lacera, occlde, mes mente Ircer Rabie Jecttr hcendente feruntur prœcipite& 
Vop|c« of .kurettn. Tttntum fudit Saagulnh quantum qttia ¥lni pOtaçit, b Evsngelfi tubam belli tubam 
f.tctunt; in pulpit'L pacem, in colloquiis bellnm suadent, o PeL  I. " De beilo Judalco. lib. 6, 
c. 16. Puto al Roman! contra nos venire tsrdsnt, sut hlatu terroe devorandam fue clvitatem, aat ddtvio 
perttu«am, sut l'ulmina ac Sodoma cure inceadio pam'am, oh depertam »vpuli. Jc. 



490 Zow-Mdawlly. [Part. 3. Se 2. 

« this night, O fool, I will take away thy sonl," what a severe acconnt they 
must make; and how egracious on the other side a charitable man is in God's 
eyes, hawr/ s/bi 9rat/ara. ]k[att. v. 7, "Blessed are the merciful, for they 
shall obtain mercy: he that lendeth to the poor, gives to God," and how it 
shall be restoreoE to them again; "how by their patience and long-suffering 
they shll hep coals on their enemioE heds," lom. xii. «and he that fol- 
loweth after rghteousness and mercy, shall fiad rvhteousness and glory; sm'ely 
they would check their des;res, curb in their unnatural, inordinate affections, 
a.«-ee amongst themselves, abstain irom doing evil, amend their lires, and 
learn to do well. "Behold how comely and good a thing it is for btlnn to 
lire together in runion: it is like the precious ointment, &c. Iow odious to 
contend one with the other !" g.|[iseri quizl luctatiuneul[s ]tisce v,Jumus ? ecce 
«wrs supra caput est, t supremum llud tribunal, ubi et dicta t facta nostra 
examimnda sun$ : ,b'aplamus ! "Why do we contend and vex one anothcr 
behold death is over our heads, and we must sholoEly give an account of all 
out uncharitable woMs and actions : think upon it: and be 

SECT. II. IEMB. I. 
SVSZC-'T. I.--Hero£cal lov causeth .J£elancholy. 
I;xtent. 
I the preceding section mention was ruade, amont other pleasant objects, 
of this comeliuess and beauty wlùch proceeds from women, that causeth hero- 
;cal, or love-melancholy, i more eminent above the rest, and properly called 
love. The part affected in men is the liver, and therefore called heroical, 
because commonly gallants. oblemen, and the most generous spirits 
possessed with it. l=tis power and extent is very large, hand in that twofold 
division of love ). and là ithose two veneries which lito and some 
other make mention of, it is most eminent, and x¢zr" .;Z called Venus, as I 
bave said, or love itself- Vhich although it be denominated ff-oto men, and 
most er;dent in then yet it extends and shows itseff in vegetal and sensible 
creatures, those incorporeal substances (an shall be speeitled), and hath a large 
dominion of sovereignty over them. ]IJs pedigree is very ancient, derivl 
from the benning of the world, as kphoedrus contends, and his tparentage of 
such anticluity, that no poet could ever find it ouk ]:[esiod makes ' Terra and 
Chaos to be Love's parents, before the gods were born : Ante deos om»es pri- 
mure generavit a»wrem. Some think if is the serf-saine tire Pmmethetm 
fetcheJ frm hcaven- 1)lutaxh a»ator, libello, will bave Love to be the son 
of Iris and Favonius; but ocrates in that pleasant dialogue of Plato, when it 
came to laiz turn to speak of love (of wlfich subject Agatho the rhetorician, 
zag»//o7uus Agatho, that chaunter Agatho, had newly given occasion), in a 
poctical strain, telleth this talc: when Ver,us was born, all the goda we 
invited to a banquet, and amongst the rest, n Porus the god of bounty and 
wealth; Peni or Poverty came a begging to the door; Porus well whittled 
with nectar (ibr there waz no wine in those days) walking in Jupiter's garden, 
in a bower met with Penia, and in his chSnk got her with child, of whom was 
born Love; and becauso he was begotten ou Venus's birthday, Venus still 
attends upon him. The mor&l of tlùs is in °Ficinus. Another talc is there 
borrowed out of Ariztophanes : Pin the beg4nning of the world, men had four 
• Benefaclt anlmoe aoe lr mLerlcor¢ f Concordla parvoe re creoeunt, dscordla maxL-nœe dilabuntur. 
• LIpaiu$. h Iemb. 1. lb. 2. ! or et arnicitia, k Phoedaa oat. in laudm mor|s l»latonL 
¢onvilo. | Vide Bocca de Genlal. doerum, m Se• the Iloral n Plut. of that fletlen.  Afllnentioe 
Deu "Cp. 7. Comment. Lu Plat. eonviium, • .e more 
eont. l& 



lIem. 1. Subs. 1.] I, ovgs Power and Extent. 491 
arms and four feet» but for thelr pride, beca thoy eompared themoelves with 
the go, wor paed to halves, and new peradventure by love they hope te 
ho uited ag nd ruade one. Otheise thus, q Vulc mot two lovem, and 
bid them k what they would nd they shod have if; but they ruade awer, 
0 Yu&ane .faber Dum, &. " 0 VuloEn the gods' gret smith, we ech 
thoe te work us uew in thy furn and of two ko us oae ; which ho pre- 
ntly did, and ever soe trie lovem aro dther ll one, or elso des te bo 
ud." hIauysuchtulsyoushafifindon ffebroeus, d£ 3. andtheir morM 
tv the The on why Low  stfll inted young (as Phout *and 
othe wfil), "" eauoe yog men are mot al»t te love; soft, fait, and fat, 
bee such fol are soonest taken: naked, ause Ml grue affection  sim- 
l»lo ad open : he smil, buse me and ven te dclights: hath a q,fiver, 
te show his power, none can pe :  bfind, becnuse he se net where ho 
stfikes, whom he bits," &c. ] power nd sovereity is expresoed by tho 
tets,  that he  held te  a god, and a eat commanding god, abovo Jupi- 
ter himself; Muus Doemon,  Plate calls him, tho strongest and merrioet of 
all the gods aecording te Alcino nd uAthenoe Anor v&orum tex, 
tex et d, as Euripides, the god of gods and governor of men  for we must 
aD de homage te him, keep a hoday for his deity, adore in s temples, 
womhip  age (nu» enb c non es nud», nonn), aad sacrifice 
te s tr» that conquers a, and les all: 
" laem cure ine, cewo et apte 
Cure Anteo et 5tymphaUc avtb luc 
« I had mher contend with bal, lions, bears, d angs, than h Love ;" 
he  se power1, enforceth s ail o pay tfibute te h, domium over ail, and 
oaa make mad and sobor whom he  hsomuch t Coec h Tuy's 
Tculans, holds m te bo no better thaa a fod or aa idiot, th doth net 
acknowledge Love te  a grt god. 
" Cul  manu t qnem  dementem vellt, 
quem aFoe quem  mbum jici,  . 
Tha oan make sic and cure whom he . Homer and Stesichos wero 
boh ruade blind, ff you wl befievo  Leon ebroeus, for saking agahst his 
godhead ; and though Aristophanoe degmde him, d 
fy jected om the counc of the gds, had  wings dipped bides, 
he ght corne no more amongst them, d  s OEher dgre baned 
heaven for ever, and confined te dwell on rt, ye he  of ha Cpowez 
majesty, opotency, and dominion, that no creae can thsnd 
• ' d Imçerat Cupide etlam ds pro arbiio, 
Et ips oere ne aipot¢ pot¢ Jnpltcr." 
e  more th qger-ter xth the go. 
Thetlde uŒee, umbr  cum Jove:" 
and bath hot so much posseson  domion. Jupitor  w tued 
into a sat, shepherd, a bL a swa a golden shower, and what no for 
love; that  ¢Lucian's Juno ght well objoed to him, l 
thou ar Cupid whirlig : how did ho insult over a the other go, 
eptune, Pan, Mercy, Bacchas, and the test? gLucian bgs  Jupiter 
complaig of Cupid that he could hot  qet for m; d tho moon 
q ves 3. de anlma; am  ut s aibu$ et mlnls nos reflng  ex 
revit, et exinde amaor uum t et mm esse tunt. r See more i a Com Im. Drum. 
],hdostus de Imaglnlbus. LIHus GIrdas Stag. de dl hout & $ Juvenls pl.gltur qnod 
amore plerque Juçenes plunr ; sic et mollis, osu nud, quod mplex et apertus hic tne 
rider quod oblectentum rœe se fe% ¢ haretr . t A tty P«pe coEves hab upero et 
I,roru  Orphe  u Llb. I& p. 6. D}Thnoso. a Reat et 
Ovid. YPntaa. Sden . 1- & cap.dedi Syrl& a Dal.3. hA conco Deo reject 
et ad majorera ejus Iomm, , e Fmlne ntaUor. d Sophoelça. • ,, He divtde e empire 
Of the a with Thetf s Sh with $,fe Have wi Jov" lfore. 4. 



492 Lov«-Mdancho?y. [Part. 3. Sec. 2. 

lamenting th=t .he was se impotently besotted on Endymion, even Venus her- 
selïcon£essing as much, how rudely and in what sort ber own son Cupid had 
nsed her being his g mother, "new drawing her te Mourir Ida, for the bve of 
that Trojan Anchises, new te Libanns for that Assyrian youth's sake. And 
although she threatened te break his bow and arrows, te clip his wings, h and 
whipped him besidcs on the baxe bsttocks with her phantophle, yot ail would 
net serve, he was too headstrong and uaru]y." That monster-conqueriag 
Hercules was tamed by him : 
• 'Quem non mille fera, quem non StheneleJu hostit, I Whom netther beasta ner chemine eould tame. 
h'e.¢ potu|t Juno vincere, vlcR amer." .or Juno's mighg subdu Love queli'd the a, me. 
1rouf bravest soldiers and most generous spirits are enm'atl with if, i tdr/ 
ulieribus blanditiis permittunt se, et inquinantur amplexibus. Apollo, tht 
took upon him te cure ail diseases, k could net help himseff of this; and the- 
fore I 8ocrates calls Love a tyrant, and brings him triumphing in a chariot, 
whom Petrarch imitates in his triumph of Love, and F-aeastorins, in an 
elegant poem expresseth at large, Cupid riding, lIars and Apollo ibllowiag 
his chariot, Psyche weeping, &c. 
In vegetal creatures what sovereiffaty love bath, by many pregnant proofa 
and familiar examples may be proved, especially of palm-trees, which are 
both he and she, and express net a sympathy but a love-passion, and by raany 
observations bave been confirme& 
• . sa Vivant in venerem frondes, omuisque veissim 
Felix arbor amah notant et mntua palmœe 
Foedera. populeo auspirat pop,a|ua iclg,t 
Constançine de Agrlc. lib. 10. cap. 4. gives an instance out of Florentius 
]ris Georgics, of a palm-tree that loved most fervently, "aand would net be 
comîorted until such rime her love applied herself unto ber ; you might see 
the two trees bend, and of their owu accords sçretch out their boughs te 
¢mbrace and kiss each oçher: they will give maniîest signs of mutual love." 
Ammianus 5IarcelLinus, l/b. 24, repos that çhey marry one another, and fall 
in love if they grow in sight ; and when the wind brings the smell te them 
they are marvellously affected. Philostratus n I»aginibgs, observes as much, 
and Glen, lb. . de ocf «.l'ectis, cap. 6. they will be sick for love ; reaAy te 
die and pine away, which the hnsbandmen perceiving, saith o Consçançine, 
"stroke many pahns that grow together, and se stroking again the pglm that 
is enamoured, they carry kisses frein one te the other :" or tying the 
leaves and branches of the one te the sçem of the other, will make them both 
flourih and prosper a great deal beter : "Pwhich are enamoured, they can 
perceive by the bending of boughs, and inclination of their bodies." If any 
man think thi8 which  say te be a talc, let him read that story of two palm- 
trees in Italy, the male growing at Brundusium, the femme at Otranto (related 
by Jovianus Pontanus in an excellent poem, someçime tutor te Alphonsus 
junior, King of lgaples, his secretary of state, and a great philosopher) 
"which were barren, and se continued a long rime," till they came te sec 
one another growing up higher, though many stadiums asunder. Pierins in 
his Hieroglyphics, and Melchior Guilandinus, Irem. 3. erat, de patjro , ci 
this story of Pontanus for a truth, o e moto in Salmuth Çoeen. in -Pa- 

S Qutple xnatrean lpatu qqns media me  hune  Id ins lsœe ca & h J. 
pdem et  ii  na cu ndi iAltopd, fol 79. k uls or t mibfl 
lcrb l Plutch  Amato Dlr quo ato nt rq mgru m Cud 
depL vener, a " ees e flnenoed by lov d eve flo tr  OE foek e pton: 
ms n mnt vow oplar ig  pl, ne  p] and  brh  aider." n N ri 
uue  ad oum e. fesla t mui deidei  o M pm oen- 
gequm m  ue  anm een% que manu attn qu nm 
znuo inre vnr, ezfl oencubitum tiam   qm veo  det ¢ctu 



]YIem. 1. Subs. 1.] ° I, ovg» Power and Extent. 493 
vol. de -ova 'epert. Tir. 1. de no orbe, MoEalds kreano-um» llb. 2. Sad' 
Voyages, lk. 2.foE 103. g'c. 
If such f be in vegetals, what shaH we tnk of seible creates, how 
much more olent and apparent sha it be  them 
"q Omne ad genu In  homlnumqne fera [ "  klnd of creature 
Et gen oeqnore, pccud, pIctue volucre« And flsh of 
 fu tgemque rut; mor omets iem." J And pated blr do re alike 
Th love b ual sway.'" 
 rHlc de et teM  fisai dot." 
Common expeence and out sense wffi orm  how olently brute bets 
nt'e crried away with this pssio hoxes above the resfuror 
e7uaru. «  Cupid  Lucian bi Ven  mothcr be of good cheer, 
for he wgs now far with lions, and oentim d get on their b, hold 
them by the renne, and de them about ke horses, attd they would 
him with their taiL«." s, beau, nnd boe e so fnrious in this nd they 
kill one another : but escioey cocks, t on d hnv, which are o tierce 
th:tt yotl may henr them fight hlf a me ooE saith UTurbeile, and many 
t imoe 1 eaeh other, or corail them to abandon the L that thv may remain 
ntters in the pl ; " and when one bath driven his eo-rival away, he 
rtiseth h ose up to the air, and looks alof,  though he gnve thanks to 
nature," whieh aflrds m sueh great delight. How bds are oed in this 
kind, appea ott of Atotle, he  hnve them to sg obfutura ezwre»,, 
ibr joy or in ho of their venery whieh  to corne. 
"g eHoe pflmum volucres te DI tuumque 
fignifint lnitum percsm corda t vL  
'« Fishes pine away for love d wax lean," if y Gomiugs authority 
ten, ad are mpant too, some of them : eter Gelfius, l. 10. de 
animal, te wonders of a triton in Epivus : there was 
shore, where the oeunt wenches fewh water, they, =ttons, stu caa 
wod set upon them and ery them fo the oez, nnd there dro them, 
they wod not yield ; so love tnnnith  db crtur. 
]atural for one best to dote upon another of the sme d ; but wt stnge 
t] T is that, when a best s]l dote upon a ma  So Grammatical, l. 
Dav. ht. bath a sto of a bear that lov a woman, kept ber 
long te and begot a n of ber, out of whose loi proeoeded mny oher 
kin : this is the onal belike ofthat common tle of Vlentine and Oon : 
Elian, Yny, eter Gellius, are 11 of such relations. A peaeoek in Lncia 
loved a maid, and when e OEed, the peack ped. " 
boy cnlled Hes, d when he died the fish came on lnd, d so perhed." 
The e ns Gelli, li. 10. cap. 22. ot of Appion, 
dolphin af Put loved a cd, wold corne ofen  m, let 
be ad cy h about, « banal when by siee the cd w tken 
away, the do]phin OEed. "« CEve book  fll (sith usquius, the 
emroFs orar th the and signior, hot long inoe, ep. 3. ga. Turc.) 
and yield ch insnoes, to beeve which I w alwa raid le.t I shold 
be thought  ve croit ço fnbloE, unt I sw a lx whieh I hnd fvom syri, 
so a.ffvcted wrds one of my me that it cannot be deed 
love with hi Whe y mn w prient, the be wod use mny notable 
entioements and plnt motion, d when ho w gog, hold  bek, and 
q Vlrg. 8. Georg. rope. SDiaL deom. Confld mater, leonibus 
sure, et pe oenscend[ eo ter et apprehendi jub; uom more bidens eos gito, et 
adbldluntur, t Lnes proe amore ft. Fl i. 8.  16. At. L 6. hist. anim, u Cap. 17. of 
his book of htg, x Lucrefi. I De e Ilb 1. c. 1. F ob smorem munt, pseuut, 
. s Hauflen  c reventes ex  s tone mpehen$ 
quemque abor  pefiiet Hel In o cis explravlL b Posuam puer mor ab[lt, et 
lç'oe d«iphus pe  Flenl sunt H Çuib fe lu homb] mma fae  qb e qui,lem 
t g ul dc m¢ hom[nibu ff 



4.94 /M,znchdy. [Part. 3. Sec. 2. 
look ater him when ]e was gon ve A i h bsenoe, but most jnA 
whcn he retuned : d when y mn went from me, the bt exp 
love with contuM sckn, nd er he h pined wy some few y 
die&" $uch nother sto he hth of a crane of ajo, that loved a 
pid, that wonld walk ny wy with him, nd in h bsence ek about 
t:,r h, make a noe that he might hr heB nd ock af h door, "dand 
when he took  t fewell, ç«mhed hee." $nch pretty prn eau 
love ply th bir, fish, bts : 
 ( Coeloet oeth, ntl, toe clames habet Yen 
$olue  omuium pe obnet.)" 
and ff ail be oen that is ebly repo th the spirits of the air, and 
devils of heu themlv who are  much enoured and do (if I may use 
that word) as any other creatures whatsoever. For if those stot be 
that are wtn of inb and sucbus, of nymphs, lcions fauns, t, 
and those heathen go which we devils, those lous Telch, ofwhom 
the Ptonists ll so many fai,les ; or those famiar moetin  out days, 
cmpy of tch and devfls, there is me probabty for if. I know that 
Diaaus, Wie, l. 1. cap. 19. e 24. and some othe outly deny it, 
that the devfl bath any oeal copulation with wome that the devfl kes no 
i,leu in such facts, they be mere fanti, aU such relatio of iucubi, 
succubi, lies and tales  but Austin. lib. 15.  civil. D doth acknowledge it: 
Eraus, ( Lami, Jacob Sprenger and hh collègue, & fZanchius, 
cap. 16. lib. 4. « o. ei. Dandin, in A.  A i, l. 2. xt. 29. 
c. 30. Bodin, llb. 2. cep. 7. and Pamcehus,  grt chpion of this tenet 
amont the r wch give sd culiar stan, by many timoni 
lroofs, d confessions evince it. eoEor Boethius,  h Scottih hto, 
bath three or fore" such exampl, wch Cardan courras out of him, [ib. 16. 
cep. 43. of such as have had fam company many yea th them, and 
that in the habit of men and women. ostrat  his fÇurth book 
poii, bath a memorable stance  thh nd, which I ay hot omi of 
«,ne Ieppus Lyci, a young man twenty-fivey ofage, that gog between 
Cence d Couth, met such a ptm  the habit of a ç gentle- 
oan, which tang him by the hand oeed h home to ber hoe in the 
suburbs of Cotnth, and ld him she w a Phoecn by birth, and ff he 
ould ta with ber, " ghe od he ber sg and play, and ink such 
wine  neveranydrk,d no an should o]t hi; but she beg fir and 
lovely would lire and die with him that w fr d lovely to behold." e 
yog man, a ploæpher, otheise std and cet, able fo odemte 
psions, though hot t of love, taed with her awhfle  hh eat connt, 
«nd af lt mar:ied her, to whose weddg amont other ts, 
l,nius, ho, by soe ],rÇbable conjectures, round ber out  be a serpent, a 
lmia, and that ail ber ihlnitu w ke Tlush gold descbed by omer, 
o subnoe, but ere illusions. 'hen she saw heeg descried, she we, 
and ded Alloni to be sflent, but he would hot be oved, and thereun 
she, plat house, and all that w in it, vhhed in an snt : "hany 
thoun took notice of t fact, for it was done  the idst of Greeoe.  
abine in his Comment on the nth of Ovid's Ieohos, at the le of 
Orl,heus, telleth us of  gentlean of Barda, that ior many mont togher 
bewaed the loss of his ear wife ; at lenh the demi in ber habit me 
çooe«l him, and told h, oEuse he w  imlrtuna for he that she 
nunq bibfi ; te flv« iurbablt nu}lus ; pulch aem ko -. vl.  m. h i 
factura h ¢oOvêr quod  «d çz.i ges  



Mem. 1. ub.. 1.] Z«oe's Power and Eent. 93 

would corne and lire with him again, on that conditmn he won]d be 
married, never swear and blaspheme as he used former]yto de; for if he did, she 
shou[d bo gono: "iho vowed if, married, and lived with ber, sh brought him 
children, and governed his bouse, but was still pale and md, and se continued, 
till on day falling out with him, ho fl[ a swearing; she vaaished thereupon, 
and was never after seen. kThis I bave hcard," aaith Sabine," frein persons 
of good credit, whicla told me that the Duke of Bvariadid tell it foracertainty 
te th Duke of axony." One mor I will rlate out of Florilegus, ad annu»r, 
1058, an honest hi.storian of out nation, bec:use he telleth if se confidently, as 
a thing in thoso days talked of ail over Europe: a young gentleman of Reine, 
the saine day that he was married, after dinncr with tbe bride and his friends 
went a walking into the fields, and towartks evenin gE te the tennis-court, te 
rccreRte himselï; whilst he played, he put his ring upon th finger of Venus 
statue, which was thereby ruade in braas; after he had snfficiently played, 
and new ruade an end of his sport, he came te fetch his ring, but Venus had 
bowe[ ber finger in, and he could net get it off. Whereupon loth te make 
lais company tarry st present, hev left it, intending te feteh it the next day, 
or af seine more ¢onvenient rime, went thence te supper, and se te bed. 
the night, when he should corne te perform those nnptial rites, Venus steps 
betwecn him and his wife (uuseen or felt of ber), and told ber that sbe was hic 
wife, that he had betrothed himself unto ber by that ring, which he put upou 
ber finger: shc troubled him for seine following nights. ]fie net knowing how 
te help himsclf, ruade his moan te one Palumbus, a learned magicien in those 
days, who gave him a letter, and bid him st such a rime of the ifight, in such 
a cross-way, af the town's end, where old Saturn would pass by with his as- 
sociates in procession, as commouly ho did, deliver that script with his own 
hands te Saturn himself; the young man of a bold si,irit , accordingly did it 
and when the old fiend had rend it, he called Venus te him, who rode before 
him, and commanded ber te dliver h£s ring, which forthwith she did, and se 
the gentleman was freed, llany such stories I find in several authors te 
confirm this which I bave said ; as that more notable amongt the re.gt, of 
Philinium and Machates in m Phlegon's Tract, de rebus rnirabilibu., and though 
many be against it, yet I, for my part, will subscribe te Lactantius, lib. 14. 
et«T. 15. ,, a God sent angels te the tuition of men ; but whilst they lived 
amongst us, that mischievous ail-commander of the earth, and hot in lust, 
enticed them bylittle and little te this vice, and defiled them with the company 
of women: and Aaxagoras, de resurrect, °]lany of those spiritual bodies, 
overcomo by the love of maids, and lust, tailed, of whom those were boom wo 
eall giants." Justin ]iartyr, Clemens Alexandrinus, Sulpitius Severus, 
:Eusebius, &c., te this sense make a twoïold rail of angels, one frein the begin- 
niag of the world, another a littlc belote the deluge, as Moses teacheth us, 
'openly profesing that theso genii ean beet, and bave carnal copulation 
with womea. At Japan in the East Indien, at this pset (if we may 
believe the relation if qtravellers), there i an idol called Teuehedy, te whom 
one of the fairest irgins in the country in monthly brought, and 
lrivat room, in the tbtoqui, or church, where she airs alone te be deflovered. 
Af certain rimes  the Teuchedy (which in thonght te be the devil) appears te hcr, 
and knoweth ber carnal]y. :Every month a tir virgin in taken in ; but wha 
becomes ofthe old, no man ean tell. In that goodly temple of Juliter Belus 



4J6 Love-Mdnc?w[y. [Part. 3. Sec. 2. 
Babylon, there wa a £tix chapcl,  sMth Herodot, an eye-witness of it, 
which wa spndh strt lect  appo a aur a brave boed, a ble 
f gold, &c., into wbich no creture came but one only woman, which their 
god ruade choice of,  the ChMdean priests told him, and that their god lay 
wlth ber himself,  at Thebes  gypt ws the like done of o1,1. So that 
you soe this  no news, the devils themselves, or their jugçling pris, have 
played such pranks in MI agi. Many dn stiy contradict t; but I will 
conclude with tLipsi, that since "exampl testimoni, md confession, of 
those uappy women are so uifest on the other sid and many even in this 
our town of LouvMn, that itis lely to be so. u One thing I will d, tht 
suppe that  no age ps I know not by what destiny of this unhappy 
time, bave the ever appred or showed thelv so many leches devil 
sat, and gen,  in this of ours,  app by the day natations, and 
juqicil senn upon record." d more of this question in Plutarch. vR. 
Nu, Austin.  civ. Di, lib. 15. Vier, lib. 3.  p»'oestç. Dwm. Giraldus 
C«tmbrensis, itiar. Ca*. lib. 1. Malleas, m. qt. 5. part. 1. Jacobus 
}cuss, lfb. 5. cap. 6.l. 5. Godclmn, lib. 2. cap. 4. 
 sacra p]to, cap. 40. John Ni(lcr, Fnar. lib. 5. p. 9. Stroz. Cicoa, 
l. 3. cap. 3. Delrio, Lipsius Bodine, »wl. [. 2. cap. 7. ereri lu Gen. 
lib. 8. i 6. p. ver. 2. ng James, &c. 
8vs. II.--How Ze tyranneth er m. Ze, oe Heral l]lencholy, 
h dniti.m, pa 
Yov have heard how t t-ant Love rageth with b bts and spits; 
now let us coidcr what pions it catseth amont men. 
X Impro a, quid non mtal p«ta coç ? How it tickl th' hearts 
of moa[ men, Horresco voEen,--I ara almost afrMd to la, amazed, 
Yand hamcd, it hath wrought such stundous and prodio effccts, such foul 
offen ve indeed ([ may aot deny) first united provinces, buflt citi and 
by  perpetual gencration mak and prerves mannd, propates the 
church ; but ff it rage it  no more love, but burning lnst, a dis frenzy, 
mdns,helL st oes , v t immlis, est  ia ; 'tis no 
vuous habit this, but a vehemcnt peurbation of the md, a momr of 
natte, wit, and art,  Alex  Athenoeus sers it out, vilitèr a, 
eiter tinum,trore proeceTs, bore infractut l fda b - 
, &c. It subvms gdoms, overtows citi tos, amili ma 
corpts, and makes a macre of mca; thunder and ]ightning, wam, 
plaes, have hot done tg mischicf to mkind,  t bmng lt, ths 
l,vutish passion. Let Sodom and Gomoh, Troy (which Dar lnTgius, and 
Dictys Crctcns wfll make good), and I know hot how manycities br oeoerd, 
 et fuit ante Helam, &a, all succecding ag wiH sucribe: Joannao[ 
aples la Italy, Fredegunde and Bmmhalt in Fnoe, a to are 
these bsifisks. Bid those daily monomachi, muMem, effusion ofblood, 
rapt, flot, and immodera expe, to t their lusts, beggary, shame, 
L,ss, tortum, punhment, dis loathme dioes that pved ri-oto 
thcnce, woe than calentur and pestilcnt fevem, those oen gouts, x, 
«rthrit, palsies, cramps, satica, concision, aches, combtions, &c., whi 
torment the body, that feral mclancholy which ccifi the soul  this lire, 
and everltg torments in the world to corne. 
otthstang thcy ow these and many such miserie¢ thrts, to 
 D Ip hoc bfll qul t Phiolooe tol I. I, cap. 20. 
af exempla turbot nos  muliem quotIdoEnoe confion de mltione omea 
Lovanto exemp u Unum o o a me uHo  oevo u eopia Saom, et lacium 
l«tom Gem  otend qutum hune quotidianoe naatio et Judicialeœ nntioe prolemm. 
 Virg. Y ' For it  a hame to spc OEtl. hings wldch e ne of them 
aPiurç toe. hoE a b. I 



]Ietm 1. Subs. o.] Zovgs Tower and Extent. 497 

will surely corne upon them, rewards, exhortations,  contra; yet either out 
of their own weakaess, a depraved nature, or love's tyrauny, which so firiously 
rageth, they surfer themselves fo be led like an ox to the slaughter: 
descens.us tlvern 0 they go down headlong to their own perdition, they will 
commit folly with beasts, men "leaving the natural use of women," as b Paul 
sith, "burned in lust one towards another, and man with man wrought 
filthi ness." 
Semiramis equo, Pasiphtë tauro, Aristo Ephesius asnoe se commiscuit, Fui- 
vins equœe, alii canibus, captes, &e., unde monstra nascuntur aliquand, Cen- 
taure, ,Slvani, et ad terrorera hominum p'odigiosa spectra : Nec cure brutis» 
sed ipsis lwminibtts rem habent, quod peccatum Sodomioe vulg3 dichur ; et fre- 
çtens ollm vitium apud Orientales illos fuit, Groecos «imirum, Italos, Afros, 
Asianos: c Hercules ttylam habuit, Polycletum, Dionem, Perithoonta, Abdo- 
um et Phryga; aliietEuristiumab Hercule amatumtradunt. Socratespulchro- 
rttm Ad,le.scentra caus freqttens Gymnasura adibat, flagtiosoqus spectaculo 
pascebat oculos, quod et Philebus et Phoedon Rivales, Charmides et àreliqui Pla- 
tonis D/agoni, satic suloerq.e testalw'tt facittnt : çuod veto Alcibiades de eodera 
Socrate loŒEuatur » luben conticesco, sed et abhorreo ; tantum incitarnentuln lprce- 
ber libidini. At hune perstrinit Theodoretus lib. de curat, grœec, affect, cap. 
ultimo. Qttin et ipse Plato suurrt demiratwr Agathonem, Xenol»hon Cliniam, 
rirgilius Alexin, Anacreon Bathyllum : Qtwdautem «le Nerone, Claudio, cœete- 
rorumçue portentosd libidine memorioe proditum, nallern à Petronio, Suetonio, 
¢eeterisue petatic, quand3 omnem idem excedat, quàm à me expectetiz; sed 
vetera quemmur. A pud Asianos, Turcas, Italos, «unqttam fequentius hoc 
çuàrrt lwdrrto die vitium ; Diana Romanorum Sodemia ; offïcinoe horum ali- 
otbl apud Turcas," qui saxs semina mandant" arenas arantes ; et 
frequentes quereloe, etiam inter ipsos ctmjuges hdc «le re, quoe virorm concubi- 
tum illicitum calceo in oppositam partem verso magistratui indicant; «ullurn 
apud [taos familiar« magi peccatum, qu et post fLucianum et gTatinm, 
ris voluminibus d«fendunt. Johannes de la Csa, Beventius l»iscopus, divinura 
opus vocat, suave scelus, adeoquejactat se ntm alid usure Venere. Hihil u.itatius 
tlud onaclws, Cardinales, sacrificulos, etiam lafuror hic ad vnortem, ad 
itsanlam, iAngelus Politianus, ob pueri anorem, violentas siId manus 
.Et horrendum sane dictu, qztantum apud nos parfum wmoriâ, scelus de.testa- 
d-um hoc seevicrit I Quum enlm Anno 1538. prudentissimus Rex l=Iericus 
Octarus cucullatorum coenobia, et sacrificorum collegia, votariorum, per vene- 
rabiles lem Doctores Thomam Leum, lichardum Laytonum visitari fecerat, 
&c., taaato numero reperti aunt apud eos scortatores, ¢inoedi, ganeones, pœedi- 
ec, ne, puerarii, pœederastoe, Sodomitoe (kBalei verbis «tor), Ganimedes, &c. 
in unoquoque eorum novam ¢redideris Gomorrham. 'ed vide si lubet 
Catalogum apud eundera Ba]eum; Puelloe (inquit) in lectis dormire non pote- 
fane ob fratres necromantieos, tt œec d apud votarios, urnachos, smwtos scilicet 
lwmuncones, quid in foro, çlu£d in attlâ factum s'ttSlers ? quid aIrud nobiles, 
quid lnter fornices, quam on fœeditatem, quam wn spurcitiem 
turpes illas, et w ominandas quidem mo¢urchorum lnastutrathrnes, masturbct- 
fores, mlodericus a Çastro vocat, tura et eos tui se invicem ad Venerem 
tandam flagris coedunt, Stdntrias, Succubas, Atbubeias, et lasciv4nte lumba 
'rboxIes illa mulierculas, quœe se inqcem fricant, et l'œeter Eunuchos 
ad Venerern explendam artiftcicsa illa veretra Itabent. 1rhino 



408 Zov-Mdancl. [Par. 3. Sec. . 

mirere, foemina foemlnam Constantinopoll non ila prktem deperiit, ausa rem 
FlanJ irwrlibin, mutato cul2u mtita vlrum d nuptiis Æernumem init,  
br nup t : s ah ip c Busbequium. Omio n a 
rs  Eptiaoes, i cum fsam vs bu.nt;   
vam li, qui etiam ido e$ ii depuiS. o t fab 
yaHonis apud °Ovidium ; M et ai ageslppum bei Jud. 
l. 2. cap. 4. onti C. Coesaris gatu¢ roE«te lio, l. 35. cap. 3. 
q  m se qui Chrtum cdit, tu Atalantœe et Helenm 
ad li inceg ut tolet eas veg:t  ta oEi pmGs; i 
stm boe Fortunœe deit; (n, l. 9. p. 37.) ius Bo deoe,  
 q pars oo v, Ppt ad stupra (qd a ) et ne  os qui- 
dem a libine exoeptum. ellogabalus, p u ca co 
r, Lamprld.  us. «Hostius idam s f, e$ i dispo, 
fer,  n fad nitudi us  nam vd ga, 
 e$ foeminam ps, qd d&tu fum  abindu.m. Ut 
T t, quodad rplutchum Gllus Ulyi objet. Ad hunc usque diem 
apud nos neque m mm'em, neque foena foemam amant, quia multa 
apud vos memombil et proecla fi feoerut : ut es mises facia Her- 
c berbem cta socium, amioes deseit, &c. Vestrœe libidin intra 
suos naturœe fin oeez non punt, qn insr flui exundant atrocem 
foetatem, tumulte, cooEusionemque naturœe gnant in me Venel: n et 
capz, porcos, equos ierunt vi et foeminœe, io btiarum amore em 
nt, de Minotaufi, Centau, Sylvani, Sphg, &c. Eed  
dom, aut  fas ram q non  sre convtit (c im ct 
summodo, d caa n Mmili • Rodeficus, spta vdim),  
4ngnt e$ depravat mtoE foedmi sce tlti, &c.,  m di 
i hoe sdis iulnare. 
I oeme at lt to that heroioE1 love wch  toper to men and women, la a 
frequent oee of melancholy, and dezw much mther to be called bug 
lt, than by such an honourable title. There  an hont love, I cooE, 
which  natural, u octus captiva cda inum, ut à mul 
n pos para, "a sec'et az to oeptivate the hs of men,"  
t ristopher Fonseoe proves, a strong hument, of a most attractive, ooeult, 
adante propey, and powel vue, and no man living n avoid it. 
» Et i m  s , aut p , au beua. e  hot a man but 
a block, a vew stone, a  u. aut uchr, he bath a gourd for 
h head, ap for his beaU, that bath not felt the power of it, and a m 
creature  be round, one  an age, Qui nuuam oeflra ae; y 
for s ianimus n, do we either yog or old,  Zhe sai and 
none are excepted but ea and the Mus: so pid  Lucian complai 
to h moer Venus, that amont oe the res  ows oed not pie 
them. But ts nuptial love  a common pon, an hon, for men  love 
in theway ofmage; ut  a fn,  m m. b You 
ow mage  honoble, a bleed cag, appoted by God mff  
e; it brds te peaoe, tmnqHty, oentent, and happin,  n 
t aut fuit unqm mt tio,  Daphnoe  ¢luch cod well 

nHerodotus 1.2. Euterpoe: UXOTeS lnMgnlum vtrorum on etatim vIt faneras tradnut codendas, ae 
te cas quidem foemlnaa quœe formotoe mmt., sed qnatridtm ante defuncta e cure ils salinaril concxtrnbant 
&e. o Metam. 13. i Seneca de ira. !. 11. c. 18. * Iu]lua est meatus ad quem 
on pateat adltua impuIicitloe. Clem. Alex. p&dag, lib. 3. c. 3. q Seneca 1. nat. (uast. r Tom. P. 
Gryllo. s De int'b[s In'alierm. !. 1. ¢. 15. t Alnphitheat. amor. ¢. 4. interpret. Curtio. u neaa 
Eylvlua Juvenal. *" And he who bas et felt the lnuence of love i8 either a stone or • beast." • Tertul. 
prover, ib. 4. adversua anc. cap. 40. • *" One wbom o maiden'e beauty had ever afl'ected." • Ch•ucer. 
s Tom. 1. dlaL denture Lucinua. Amore u ardent usoe. b "Aa m•tter eek form, o womaa tttrn 
towarda man." • In •re•ter, dialog. 



3em, 1, Subs, 2.] Love's Pow and Extat. 499 

prove, e çuoe gen¢r humano invmortalltatm Tavat when they ve without 
jag, scolding, Iovgly  they shod de. 
 d Fe r  smpli   rce happy they, 4 more h« thst, 
Q,aos lp,s tenet pl nec n  Whom bd  love se flly . 
Dlus querlmonlis at thout brawh tUI dth them p 
Supre  solt or e. » "Tk v d noyer 
As Seneca ]ivedth his Pau]a, Abham and Sarah, Orpheus 
As nd Poetus, Artemis and Iauso]us, uLius Celer, that wou]d 
bave it enven on his mb, he had ]ed his e th Eea, h d wife, 
foy-thr yea eight months, d never fe out. ere  no pleure in 
this wor]d comparable to if, 't mmum tçt 
div reliras, A Yentet im in roulée uid j  
tiq nus Mi hun voluptat,  tone hold% thero'a sometg 
a woman beyond a bureau defight; a maetic viue, a chang quality, an 
oceult and powe motive. The hnd les hoe  hea but ahe ag 
commanda hh beaU, ho  ber seant, she  on ly joy d content ; no happi- 
ness is fike unto i, no love se eat as ts of m and wffe, no su comfo 
as gpc u, a sweet wffe :  Omn ar gn, soE ap in conjug« 
ma3. When they love at last m fsh as they &d at tiret, i C'r cro 
coeclt conjugi,  Homer b  kissing Helen, afr they 
maned n year», protesting thal tt ho loved ber m dr m ho did the 
tiret heur that ho was betrothed. And in the old age, when they mako 
mueh of one anoer, safing, m ho did te his wife in the 
« • Uzor ramus quod voEImua, et moflamur, « Dcar w1¢¢ let'a lire In love md dio 
Set nomen umpaim in thlamo : As hitherto we bave In a goo  wi fl : 
ec ferat la dio ut commutemur in v Let no day change or airer out affection% 
Qu tibi m juve tuque pue mihL" But let's be young W oe ather 
Such should conjugal love be, still the me, and as they are one flesh, so 
shoul4 they be of one mind,    atocratical govement, o,e consent, 
] Geon-ke, co«lceç« in unm, bave one hea in two hodies, ]] and 
the saine. A good wffe, «ccording  Fluh, should   a looking-gls 
fo pnt ber husud's ce and pamion :  he be plnt, she 
mer : if he laugh, e ou]4 smile : ff he look sad, she should paipa 
of  soow, and bear a  with him, and so they shou]d contue  mutu 
love one towards anoer. 
.« m Et me ab smo tuo deducvt n.dla n "o sg shall pa myIe om e eet 
ive ego Tyonus. ve ego r ero." [ Though I Hve esr oe Tithon' 
And she again to him, as the nBde sa]uted the BHdeoom of old in me, 
ubi tu Cai, o semper Ca, be thou stI Caius, I' be Caioe 
'Tis a happy ate this deed, when the fota la bloed (salth Solomon, 
rov. v. 17.) "and he joiceth with the wffe of his youth, and she 
as the long d and pleant roe, aud he de]ights in ber continua]ly." Dut 
t love of ou la immodem, inoina and hot to  comprehended  any 
ounds. It wl hot contain itoeff wit the union of maman, or apply to 
one object, but  a wandeg, extrvat, a domeerig, a 
iegab]e, a destctive pion : sometimes th buring ]t rageth af 
a, and then it  properly cMled jealousy ; sometimes boEore, and then 
it  OEBed heroil melancho]y ; it extends metes to co-vals, &c., g 
rapes, cests, murdem : Mavc A ntonius oeeg Fatim 
Cavacal Juli ercam, ero mar, Calg s«ff, Cyn Myr- 
ha.mm, &e. Dut it la confined wit no tels of blood, yeam, sex, or 
whatoever else. Some furious]y rage belote they corne to dcretion or age. 

d Hot. • Lucetlu, f Fonseca. • Hot. 
eld In love and in yegrs together." k Ausonltt 

h Propert. ISimonldee, gr¢ a She grows 
IGeryon mnictte symbolum, m Propert, l. . 



00 Love- Jrdand y. 
o Quartilla in Petronius never member she w  d ; and the we of 
Bt  Cucer, crks, 
ç At,ine Luct,i sold ber denhed 
o doera ui u in.mm 
fessed quen af n year of a and w but teen when she hid the spies, 
 q Hugh Broughton proves, to whom Seus the Jt, quœest. 6. in cap. 2. 
Josue, ubscb. Generally women be#n pubien, 
lire,  Julius PoEux cites, l. 2. cep. 3. m«s. ou of Arisphanes, rat 
foueen yeax old, then they do offer theelv, and me puly ge. "o 
&fer saith, that h fi a man hl soe d a maid af fourtn yea of 
age, they are so forward, and many amont  afr they corne into the teens 
do hOt Hve without husbands, but ger. Vhat pr$ in t d the ddle 
ages have played h hot  be recorded. i ,ni ,in tum li,  or 
tenture, no tone can suciently declare, eve to  full of men and 
women's insatiable ]ust, el' eHogabal BonosL 
,zu, e Qiti Amplim deern, &c. ey neigh after other men's 
wives ( Jeremia cap. v. 8. comrhheth) e f ho, or range Hke town 
bulls, rap vb'çinum  OEuarm,  my of out eat ones do. lomon's 
'dom w exthihed  ts tire of lust, on's strenh enervad, 
piety in Lot daugh quite forgot, vity of pxesthoed  's ons, 
reveren,l old age in the Elde that would viola Smnua, iM duty 
Absalom  h temother, brotherly love h &mmon wards s ster. 
man, di'he laws, prpts, eoations, fc of d d me fait, foui 
eans, faine, fortune, shame, ace, honour OEunot oppose, stave o or 
withstand the fu of it, omn nci amor, 
forcibly draw, or hold so t, 
scooehing ms under the eqoctÇ or extremity ofcold wit the circle 
ctic, where the very oe are fi-ozen, cold or tord zone, ot avoid or 
pel t ht, freT, d ge of motal men. 
,, u Quo fu#$ ah demen$, nulla 
Ad Tau raglan, ue seuetur amor." 
Of women's unnatur, =iatible lt, what country, what vage doth hOt 
comph  Mother and daughter sometim dote on the me man, çather 
and n, mr d aut, on one wom 
« d tmor, sed eenata libido, 
Nat rch of vows and oaths, fu, dotage, adnem, might 
Yet th is more tolemble 
but for an old fool  dote, 
be more absm-d  &nd yet 'hat o common 
œetate si occng, zulto in»aniut . Eome dote then more th ever 
they d h their youth. How any decrepit, boat, hl t.hen, bn- 
eled, oeked, thl 
you see ckering stl h eve plaoe I One gets lfim a you OEe, another 
a couezan, and when he 
dy  Chon's boat, whe he bath the trembg 
Çffunonem am imita,  uuquam 
m et ubinde maJobut n,e aI,I,hi, onec ad oehtem pe'et  ut Mlo vitlum, . P Poi 
di.  terp. C Bsio ex ]t. ¢Ange p:ur. en[m tEpioEetuN c. 42. merm 
atatim rb o I. move clpiK 
I  t   p= yo" x De muherum 
°mn ooequevgi°uoeunUque I . exisUmo.= oSt  "  t v¢ lt d a e lg 



lIem, l. Sub.. 2.] Lor.'s Pmve" and Exlen. 50 

hiu feet, a perpetual rheum in his head, "a eontinuate eough," a his .iglï 
tkils faim, thiek of hearing, lais breath stinks, all his moisture is dried up and 
gone, may net spit from him, a very ehild again, tha. canner dress himself, or 
eut his own meat, yet he will be dreaming ot and honing after wenehes, what 
eau ho more unseemly I Worse it is in women than in men, when she iz oetata 
declivis, diu vidua, mater olbn, paru», d«cor$ m«triraoffum seoE£ videtur, an 
old widow, a mother se long since (bin Pliny's opinion), she doth very tmseemly 
eek te marry, yt whilst she is se eold a tronc, a beldam, she eau neither see, 
ner heax, go ner stand, a mere d earease, a witeh, and searee feel j she eatter- 
wauls, and must have a stalllon, a champion, she must and will marry again, 
and betroth herself te seine young man,  that butes te look on, but for ber 
goods ; abhors the sight of her, te the prejudiee of ber good naine, ber owa 
tuxdoing, grief of friends, and ruin of ber ehildren. 
But te enlarge or illustrate this power and efibets of love, la te se a eandlo 
in the sun.  It rageth with all -orts and conditions of men, yet la most 
evident among suel as are young and htsty, in the flower of their years, nobly 
deseended, high fed, sueh as llve idly, and at case; and for that cause (whieh 
out divines c_ll burning lust) this gferinus bsanus amer, this mad and beastly 
passion, as I bave said, la named by out physicians heroical love, and a more 
honourable title put upon it, Amer nobiliz, as  Savanarola styles it, because 
noble men and women make a common practice of if, and are se ordinarily 
affected wlth it. vicenna, lib. 3. en. 1. t,','t. 4. cap. 33. calleth this pa.ssioa 
Ilihi, and defines it "ito be a dizease or melancholy vexation, or anguLh of 
mind, in which a man continually meditates of the beauty, gesture, maunem 
of his mistress, and troubles himself about it: desiring," (as Savanarola adds) 
with 11 intentions and eagerness of mind, "te compass or exjoy ber, kas com- 
rnonly hunters trouble themselves about their sports, the covetous about their 
gold and goods, re is he tormented still about his mistress." Arnoldus Villa- 
novanus, in hi book of heroical love, defines it, " a continual cotation of 
that which ho desires, with a confidence or hope of eompassing it ;" which 
definition his commentator cavils at. For continual cogitation iz net the ge, nus 
bu a symptom of love; we continually think ofthat which we hate and abhor, 
as well as that which we love ; and maay things we covet and desire, vithout 
all hope of attaining. Carolus à Lorme, in his Questionz makes a doubt, A, 
amer s/t norbus, whethcr this heroical love be a disease: Julins Pollux 
Onomazt. lib. ô. cap. 44, determines it. They that a in love are likewize 
" sick ; lasclvus, salax, lasciviens, e qui in venerem furit, verè eus oe9rotus. 
Arnoldus will bave it improperly se called, and a malady rther of the body 
than mind. Tully, in his 1'usculans, defines it a furious diseuse of the mind; 
llato, madness itself. Ficinus, his Commentator, cap. i 2. a species of mad- 
ness, "for many bave run mad for women," F.sdr. iv. 26. ]3ut n lhasiz "a 
melancholy passion ;" and most physicians make if a species or kind of melan- 
choly (as will appear by the symptoms), and treat of it aparj whom I meaa 
te hnitate, and te discuss if in all his kinds, te examine hiz several causes, te 
show his symptoms, indications# prognostics, efièct, that se if may be with 
more facility cured. 
ïhe part affected in the meantime, as o Arnoldus supposeth, « is the former 
• Ocull callgant, aures graviter nuditmt, capilli flunt, cutis arescit, flatus olet, tussis. &c. Cyprisn. b Lib. 
& Epist. Rlxlnu$. « liatqu'e toi'pis inter arid hales podex, d Csdvero eo ut ad inferi revel- 
viderl posait, vult adhue catullire. « lqarn et matrimonis et desletum enium. neas Silviu. f QuitI 
loto terrsram orbe ¢muunus? quoe ci'tta qttod oppidttm, quoe falndi& vacat amstorum exemplis ? ueas 
8itvtu Quls trigeaimum annum natt nullam amoris csusa peregtt lndgne facin us ? eRo de me facio cojec- 
turam quem amor la mille periculn mJnit, g Forent-us, Plsto. h Pract. major. "il'act. 6. cap. I. 
Rub. 1 I. de oegrlt, cap, qttod his multum contingat. 11:loec oegritudo est solicitudo mdancholica la qtm 
homo applict sb| conttnuam cogitationem super l]chritudive ipsiun qunm amah gestuum, moram. 
If Animl forte acctde quo quia veto habere nim, avlditgte coxcupic|t, ut tudos ventores, aurum et ope 
avarL I Asatdu cogitatlo ulr rem deMeratam, cure confidenti ol)tinendi, ut spe apprehenum delee- 
tabile &,e. m Movbtm eorporis potius quam anhnL  Amor e$l pa.io rnelsacholi¢ o Oh ca]e¢¢* 
taor, om ptrltuum pars antcrior capi borat oh coaumptiottem buadtati 



t50S Love-_'ffdanchoO. [Part. 3. Sec. 

part of tbe bead for want of moisture," whicb his Commentator rejects. Lan- 
gins» med. ep/s, l/b. 1. cep. 24. will bave this passion seated in the liver, and 
te keep residence in the heart, " te proceed tiret frein the eyes se carried by 
out spirite, and kindled with imagination in the liver and heart ; coget 
jecur, as the sayin is. Medium fere per epar, as Cupid La Aacreon. For 
some such cause be]ike q Homer feigns TiioE liver (wbo wa. enamourec] of 
ltona) te be still guawed by two vulture- day and night in hell, "r for that 
young men's bowels thns enamoured, are o continuaily tox'mented by love." 
Gordonins, cep. 2. port. 2. "s will bave the testicles an immediate subject or 
cause, the liver an antecedent." Fracatorins agrees in thi with Gordonins, 
irw[e praitus ima{lln.atio venerea, erecto, &c. titillatsimam partem vocal, ira 
nis extruo semin 9estiens volup non cesa nec asidua veneris recordaio, 
aoMit Gnastivinius, Comrg. 4. 3ec prob. 27. Ariet. But t properly it is 
passion of the brain, as ail other melancholy, by reason of corrupt imagination, 
and se doth Jason Pratensis, c. 19. de morb. ceraSr/(who writes eopiously of 
this eroticaI love), place and reckon if amongt the affections of the brain. 
u ]Ielancthon de animâ confutes tbose that make the liver a pax affected, 
Guianerius, Trac. 15. cap. 13. et 17. though many put ail the affections in the 
heart, refers if te the brain. Ficinns, cap. 7. in Conviviuna P/atome, « wilt 
bave the blood te be the part affected." Je. Frietagius, cap. 14. noce. med. 
aupposetb ail four affected, heart, liver, brain, blood; but the major part concur 
upou the brain, x 'ris imaginatio lœesa; and both imsnation and reason are 
zaisaffected; becanse of his corrupt judgment, and continuaI meditation of tbat 
whicb he desires, he may truly be said te be melancbo]y. If if be violent, or 
his disease inveterate, as I bave determined in tbe precedent partitions, 
imagination ad reaon are misaffected, first one then the other. 

IEMB. II. 
8UBSECTo L--Cause, OE Herocal Love, Temperature, 
O  OE the remott ara star. Y ius, cap. 19. i they are most 
prune te ts bng lus% tt bave Ven in o  the horoope, whea 
the Moon and Ven bo mutuaHy cte or such  be of Ven' oemplexiom 
 Plutarch terpts trologicy that ]e of Ma and Ven «  whose 
getur  and  e in njction," they are commoy lcivio% and 
women, queam; «  e gd we of Bath co  Cucerf 
But of a those astrolo#oel aphor wch I have ever d, that of Catin 
is most morable, for which howser he  bitterly 
oeus, a mMape ar, and me oem (which b he ff suspecMd) 
yet met it  oe, doight, p and genuo. 
tue, or exmple, he bath the wor of   9 and  in  digni. 
ucam. Et pao post, CogiMtio Veum  
• Aanimt oenoElbt ddeo 1 atoe p u] la 
le.re innde, q Oy. et Mor. ¢ Od. r Quod em cin  oln b 
amer iat pleb  Tfl quoad m nJc epar eutem, pt 
t pt pao oebrl e oh p anatioem. u Cap, de 
   mnoncus app. Conçn vehemens ex oepto Jdiclo ttivoe ti 
• Cot   p eti Oto qb oenb Venus erlt  n vel Luna 
vene vemeuter pexe et q em pleone st Dti. 
foe meoE 1. de audlend, s Commit  Gen p.  b Et   boe pa h pm 



Iem. 2. 8ubs. 1.] Causes of Love-.;lelanehol#. 503 

facto implere wn lioEiX, aut f exisse potentem puduit, 9,ti asdud t 
sure voluptatem. Et bi, ob  et  d,minium et rad&rum mixtionem, pro 
fuum.fuit ingenium, s lcum, egoq turpi libdinl deditus et obscœen. 
o f Cardan ofmsd qd de  fatetur ideo a ut utilitam adrat stud&s 
hujusce dcipli, and for thia ho h tmdu by Marceua, when as  effee 
ho ith no more tn what Grego Nnzen of old,  Co h zeholar, 
ebant se mihivisendœe mulieres, quarum prœecellenti elant et decore spec- 
tabili tentabatur meœe integt pudicitéS. t quidemagtium vitat flnica- 
tionis, at munditioe OErginal florem arcand cordis citione foedavL Sed 
• em. Aptior ad meinam venerem st quo genesi Ven est in silo 
culino, et in Satur finibus aut oppoeitione, &c. Ptolome in quadfip. 
plura de his et sialia habet apmata, longo produb u conmat 
et ab exlrienti mt peffecta, inquit commentar ejus Coedanus. o. 
Camne, Astrologioe loE. 4. cap. 8. articub 4 and 5. iiam amatori 
remonstrantia,multa proe ter aecumat aphm4sma, quoe q& volet, consu- 
lat. Chkomantici ex cino Venefis pleque conjectnmm facit, et mon 
eneris, de quom decretis, Taisnem, Jo de Indae, Genium, cete- 
rosque si lubet, spici. Physicns divine whoHy om the temrato 
and compleon; phleatic o are seldom ten, cording to Ficinus 
Comment. cnp. 9; natumy melancholy less than they, but onoe taken they 
e never fr  though my are of opion flatuo or hyphonacal 
melanoly  most su bject of aH othem to this fity. VMescus si 
the strong aon for a OEe, Boe ahundoe of d, Gordo 
of se, and spirits, or ami  the seed, which e the violent d ous 
passions. e thence are on OEught, yog fo mt apt to love, 
and by the good Hs, th eLucn, "wod bave a bout th eve one 
they see :" the colt e  oemmon  aH complo. Theomest a young 
and lusty gallant kuowledgeth ( the id author) aH th to be ve 
in , "I ara so amorously ven fyou may sner number the a-nds, 
and show aing om the ski, than my sevel loves. pid had shot all 
h o at me, I ara deluded th various des one love sueds an- 
other, and that so on, that fore one  ended  beg th a cond; she 
that  lt  st fairoEt, and she that  preoent pleth me most:  an 
hy's hd my loves , no Iola  help me. Ie ey are so 
mot a refuge and ncty of love, thst they draw ail auties to them, and 
are never satisfied.  ara  a doubt what  of Venus this shod be : 
al, how bave I offd ber so  vex me, what HippoHtus ara I  What 
Telchin  my geusl or  it a natural ffeoEion, an here passion " 
noer in gacrn coesæth that he d twenty swthrts  Athens 
at onoe, fieen at Cot  my at Theb, at sbos, and at hoees, 
tce  many in Ioni t'ioe  C twetty thoud  a: or  a 
t Flla arm oml  « Canot cot the leav  
'5sti refee cct Or san ï th' Çcean s  
Aut comput«re aren Then t my lov I pray.  
]n oequvre nnivers, 
His eyes are hke a banoe, apt fo propend each way, and to  weighed 
do with eve wench's loeks,  h a weathek, his affeion tder, 
or napthe itoelç wch eve  objet, swt smfle, or str's favour 
on fir Ge]4, act. 15. cap. 14. refe  t to «the hot 
te of e ticl," 'erandus a renchan  h totife JId. (wch 
d Fol. .  Edit. • Dia o. f Clti mflg fluc   o ddben 
Çnm amer meog; alil mor ii ut, se puu dgnt lore lncipit sequ. 
umtdls oculis meus hbitat sy] onm forain ad se rapien ut nul tiate explett. 



Ibook came ri,st fo my hauds after the third eclition) to certain atomi in tho 
seed, "such as are very spermatic and full of seed." I find the saine in A_ristot. 
sect. 4. prob. 17. si non sccernatur semen, cessare tentig{nes non possunt, as 
Gnastivuius his commentator translates it : for wh!ch OEuse those young men 
that be strong set, of able bodies, are so subject to it. Hercule de Saxoniâ 
bath the saine words in effect. But most pa,"c I sy, such as are aptest to love 
that are young and lusty, lire at ease, stall-fed, free from care% like OEttle in 
a rank pasture, idle and solitary pe,sons, they muet need irçuitullire, a 
Gnastiviaius recites out of Censorin : 
" k Mens erit apta cap! tutu quum loetlssma rernm, [ «' The mlnd is apt to lust, and hot or cold, 
U seges in lmgi luztriabit hamo." A con luxnxiates in & berger mould.'" 
The place itself ml:es much wherein we lire, the clime, air, and discipline if 
they concur. In Dur ]Iisnia. saith Galen, near fo Pergamus, thou shalt scarce 
nd an adulterer, but mny ai Rome, by reason of the delight of the seat. 
It was that plenty of all thing% which ruade Corinth so in.mous of old, and 
the opportunity of the place fo entertain those foreign comers ; every day 
stmngers came in, at each gate, from all quarters. In that one emple of 
Venus a thousand whores did prostitute themselves, as Strabo writes, besides 
Lais and the rest of beter note: ail nations resorted thither, as to a school of 
renus. Your hot and southern countries are prone to lust, and far more incon- 
tinent than those that lire in the north, as Bodine discourseth at large, ]lethod. 
]ist. cap. 5. lolles Asian'ci, so are Turks, Greeks, Spaniards, Italians, even 
ail that htitude; and in those tract% such as are more fruitful plentiful, and 
riel!clous, as Valence in Spain, Capua in Italy, domicilium luu Tully terms 
if, and (wh!ch Hannibal's soldiers can witness) Canopus in Eypt, Sybaris, 
Phoeacia, Baioe, mCyprus, Lampsacus. In nlaples the fruit of the soil and 
pleasant air enervate their bodie% and alter constitutions: isomuch that 
Floms call it, Certamen Bacchi et Ve#ri% but o Fol!or admires if. In Italy 
and Spain they bave theh- stews in evm great city, as in Rome, renice, 
Florence, wherein, some say, dwell ninety thousand inhabitant% of wh!ch teu 
thousand are courtezans; and yet for ail this, every gentleman almost hath 
a peculiar mstress; fornications, adulteres, are nowhere so common: r5s esg 
jamtotaluanar; howshouldaman lire honest amongstsomanyprovocations 
now if vigour of youth greatness, liberty I mea and that impunity of 
wh!ch grandees take unto themelves in this kind shall meet, what a gap muet 
it needs open to all manner of vice, wth what fur wll it rage] For, as 
Maximus Tyrius the Platonist observes, libido conseçuuta @um fueri ate- 
am improbam, et prrularn llcentam, et ercnatam audacarn, &c., what 
wiil hot lnst effec in such peons] For commouly princes and great men 
make no scruple at ail ofsuch marrer% but with that whore in Spartian quic- 
quid liber lice& they think they may do what they list, profess if publicly, and 
mther brag with Proculus (that writ to a ff!end o[ his in ome, Pwhat fmous 
exploits he had done in that kind) than any way be abashed af if. Çlicholas 
Sanders rehtes of Henry VIII. (I know hot how truly) Quodpauca 
ptlcriore# Çua# no colcgpîe't, et patci$ma concg])îerit 
't, "Hesaw ve few maids that he did hot des!re, and desired fewer whom 
did hot enjoy :" nothing so f-amiliar amongst them, 'ris most of their business: 
Sardanapalns, [essalina and Joau of Naple, are hot comparable fo rmeaner 
! Prntœd at Paris 1624, ev¢n year aft¢r mv flrs[ edition. I Ovld de ar. 1 
roecoe. Rerum omnium a¢uentia et lc¢i raira opportunit nullo non die hop|t |u porta adv¢rt¢bant. 
Templo Veneri mille meretrice e prostituebant, m Tota Cypri Inula delitiis incumbit, et oh Id tantum 
luxurioe dedia ut it olim Vener! acrata. Orteliu. Lampsacu ollm Prlpo acer oh vlnum geuero,um, 
loei deli¢ia Idem n A " Ne o|'tan " 
- - g P  ! delectatio, ¢legantta, amoenlt vlx lnra modm humannm con- 
. «.. w î©u _nerpre. P Lamprldius  Quod d¢em noetibl. eentum 



M,;m. 2. Subs. 1.] Causes of £ove-Mdancholy. 05 

meu and women; Solomon of old had a thousand coneuhines; Ahasuerus his 
eunuchs and keepers; lgero his Tigellinus, panders, and bawds; Che Tar]% 
Muscovites, Mogors, Xeriffs of BarbaiT, and lerAan Sophies, are no whit 
in/brior to them in our rimes. Delectsjig on»dun 
preestantiorum (saith Jovius)pro inperatore ; et quas il& liuçui, nobilee habeœe; 
they pro u,d toaster up weaeh as we do oldiers, and bave their ehoice 
the rat'est beauties their eountries caa ufford, and yet all this eannot keep 
them from adultery, ineest, -odomy, buggery, and such prodigiou lusts. 
may eonclude, that if they be young, fortunate, rich, high-fed, and idle wi6hLd, 
if i almost impossible that they .hould lire honesç, hot rage, and preeipitato 
themselves iato the: ineonvemences of buraiug lu.t 
' g Ofium et reges prius e beat 
ldlenes overthrows all, Vacuo pe«tore re9nat amor, love tyranniseth 
idle person. ,4more abundas .4ntip]to. If thou haut nothing to do, 
vidi vel amore miser torquehereThou shlt be haled in pieces with evy, 
last, ome passion or other, tIomines nihil agendo malè a9ere disvunt; 'ti. 
Aristotl's simile, "xas match or touchwood takes tire, o doth an idle persoa 
love." Quoeritur $/istus quare sit]àctus adulter, &c., why was 2Eg[stus a 
whoremaster? You need hot ask a reason of it. Ismenedora stole Baecho, a 
woman forcel a man, a YAu_rora did Cephalu.: no marvel, said Plutarch, 
Luxuriansopihus more howinum muliera$/it: she was rich, fortunate and jolly, 
and doth but as men do in that case, as Jupiter did by Europa, Neptuue by 
Amymone. The poets therefore did well to feign all shepherds loyers, to give 
themselves to son and dalliances, beoese they lived such idle lires. For 
love, as aTheophrastus defines it, is oti,si animi a.ffectus, an affection of au 
idle mind, or as bSenee describes it, Juventâ gOnitur, luxu nutritur, ferds 
alitur, otioque i«ter loeta fortunoe honœe; youth begets it, riot maintams it, 
idleness nomsheth it, &c. which makes Gordonius the physician cep. 20. 
part. 2. call this diseuse the proper passion of nobility. Now if a wek 
judent and a strong apprehension doeoncur, how, saith ]ffercule8 de Saxoni', 
shall they reskst? Savanarol appropriates if almost to "dmonks, friars, and 
religions persoas, beoeuse they lire soritary, fre daintily, and do nothing :" 
and well he may, for how should they otherwise chooee 
Diet alone is able to cause it : a rare thing to see a young man or a woman 
that rives idly, and rares well, of what condition soever, hot to be in love. 
eAlcibiades was still dallying with wanton young women, immoderate in hi 
expenses, effemLaate in his apparel, ever in love, but why? he was over- 
d ericate inlais diet, too frequent and excessive in banquets, Ubicungue $ecuritas, 
ibi libido dominatur; luit and seearity domineer together, as St. Hierom 
averreth. Ail which the wife of Bath in Chaueer fl'eely iustifies, 
For all go Mcker, a cold engendrelh hall, 
A liquori* t, onçue fnut bave a bquorih 
Especially if tJaey shall furher if by choiee diet, as many times those Sybaries 
and Phoeaces do, feed riberally, and by their good wilI eat nothing elso bu 
• lascivious meats, f Vinim inprimi» generosum, legumen, fabas, radices om- 
liur ener ur ezè conditc8, el /aro pzere a,¢ersas»cardo8 
cas, g eruca$, raas, ]orros, ccas, nucern ]eam, am/çdalas dulces, electaaria, 
»!/ruloOS, succos, cocMeas, concAas, pisces optimè prœeparatos, aviculas, testiculos 
 lu iuseov.  Catullus ad Lesbiarn. UHor. x lolit. 8. hum- 28- rit naptha ad Ignem, sic amor 
ad llloa qui torpescnnt oclo. • PausaniaS Atti¢. lib. 1. Cephalus egregia form r juvenis ab aurora rapUs 
quod t amore capta esset.  In amatorio, a E Stoboeo ser. 6 ". b Amor otios, c'a est soilici. 
tuante, e Principes plerumque oh licenti«m et adfluentiam divitiarum lstam passionem soient incurrere. 
d Ardenter appetit qui otiosam vitarn agit, et cornmuniter incurrit hoec pa,in solitario deiltiose vivente 
incontinentes, religioSOa, &c. epIntarch, vit. ejus. ! Vina parant arfimoe venc.xL g ed nilxll erttc 
itmt balbique laz, es; Improb& nec proAt j rn atureia tibL UviL 



06 £o-Meno[y. [Part. 3. Sec. 2. 

animalium, ova, condimenta dlversorum generum, raolles lectos, pulvlnaria 
Et quicquid ferè medici impotentid rei venereœe laboranti prœescribunt, hoc q/uai 
diaat#rion habent in delitiis, et his dapes mult dlicatiores ; rnulsum, exquisila& 
et exoticas fruges , aromata, Flacentas, ex]yressos succos raulti ferculis arlatos, 
ipsumque vinum suavitate t-intentes, e¢ quicquid culina, pharmacopoeia, aut 
quceque ferè oflïcina suministrare possit. Et hoc plerumque victu quum se 
9aneones infarciant, hut ille oh Chre.seida uam, se bulbis et coc/deis curavit; 
etiam ad Venerem se parent, et ad banc palestram se exerceant, quî fieri pos- 
sit ut non ra/serè depereant, iut non peTdtus insaniantf .stuans venter cito 
despuit in libidinem, V[ieronymus ait. kpost prandia, Callyroend. Qu/s 
enim continere se potest? 1Luxuriosa res vinum, fomentum libidinis vocat 
Augustinus; blandum àmonem, P, ernardus; lac veneris, Aritophanes. ]gon 
.Etna, non Vesuvius tantis ardoribus oestuant ac juveni]es medulloe vino plenoe, 
addi mHieronymus : unde oh optimum vinnm Lamsacus olim lriapo socer: 
venerandi lacehi socia, apud nOrpheum Venus audit. Hœec si vinum sim- 
plex, et per se sumptum prcestare pos$it, nam°quo me ]3acche rpis 
plenum? quam non insaniam, quem non furorem à cœeteris expectemus? 
PGomesius salera enumerat inter ea quoe intempestivarn libidinem provocare 
soient, et s&]ciores fieri foemlnas oh esum salh contendit : Venerem ideo dicunt 
ab Oceano ortsm 
 nde rot in Veneta cortorum mill|a curant | 
In promptu caula et e.st Venus orta mari." 
t inc fcta at¢r hCe Oni eonux, ruçue fortsse s«' « e 
e?,,it. //«¢ea tenture olim in «,nori ralernt, « coro»« e 
lis stauoe Æacefoneentur. » Cueb£s/n vino »acerats tuntur Indi Ori- 
ente d Venerem eCeiand«m, e " 'ura¢ r«de fries Cnoe radi 
«osdem e.fectus habet, taliaque er6oe eminit mag. nat. li6. 2. cep. 1. t Bap- 
tist Port ex Indi 
nita  iœelia apud Ithasin, Matthiolum, Mizaldum, coeterosçue medicos 
o«urunt, çuorum e mentionem fecf, ne çuis inpertior  os seopulos 
ipœen9at, sed pro vfrili tançuam sytes et cautes cosult e'ugbzt. 

EUISECT. IL--Other causes of Love-)Ielancholy, çight, eauty fiom the Face, 
es, ot]er par, and how  piceth. 
M such ca may be ckoned up, but they ot avafl, exoept opr- 
tuty be offered of te, place, and those other bu objet, or acial 
enticemen,  sing, conference, oe, gtu concur, th such Hke 
cio provtio. Koug   book de linea ar, mak rive 
deoes of lt, out of ULucian beHke, which he handles h rive chapon, 
V, Colloquium, Conct, Os, Tact. x Sht, of  other,  the fit 
step of th uy love, though someme i be prevented by rection or 
g, or xather oenoed. For there be those so apt, credo, d fe to 
love, that ff they h of a pror man, or woman, they e  love belote 
see them, and tt merely by relao  Achl Tati ob fSuch 
 the temmoe d lust, tha they e  much maimed by repoS, 
they w the Csthen a fich young gentleman of Byzanoe  Thce, 
g of ucippe, SosttoE f daughter, w f  love with ber, 
h Peonl. C me mox cible validiobu& & 1 U e apnd Sken qui pot poEIonem, 
orem et quaor ancill proximo cubicu[o bant ¢ompriL k . t. . 1 SoEacid. 
et or vque n moderabile sdnt. - m LIp. ad Olympiam. n Hno. o Hot. I. 3. OoE 25. 
• De e b. cap. 21. q Kom b. de i  ci ab ho aromatum llb. 
i Saz r  i me it i q eomedat, aut onem biba memb subito egit. 
Afer. b. 9. cap. t. t Q non 1 entib d et ge ngentib ntum vek ut ke umme 
Lu. Tom. 4. al. amok. Sghk nferenc o  touch." 
 vt, zooEom oato m sndie or cuiç et   audione 



em. 2. Subs. 2.] C'auses of Love-.l;Idancholy. 

507 

out of faine and common rumeur, se rnuch incensed, that ho would neec]s haro 
ber te ho his wife." And sornetimes by reading they are se affeeted, as he in 
• Lucian eonfesseth of hirnself, « I never read that place of Panthea in Xcno- 
lhon, but I arn m rnuch affected a if I were present with heC' Such persons 
cornrnonly b feign a kind of beauty te themselves; and se did those three gen- 
tlewomen in e Balthasar Castilio fall in love with a young man horn they never 
knew, but only heard him comrnended: or by reading of a lettor; for there is 
a grace cometh frein hearing, « m a moral philosopher informeth us, "m well 
frein sight; and the species of love are received into the phantasy by relation 
alerte :" e cupere ab aspect% sic vdle ab auditu, both senses affect. Ite,'- 
dura et absentes amctmus, sornetirnes we love those that are absent, saith Phi- 
Iostratus, and gives instance in his friend Athenorodns, that loved a maid ai 
Corinth whorn he never saw; non oculi sed mens vider, we see with the cyes 
of out understanding. 
But the rnost farniliar and nsual cause of love is that which cornes by sight, 
which conveys those admirable rays of beauty and pleasing graces te the heaxt. 
Plotinus derlves love frein sight, ïgoç quasi got««ç. fSi nescis, oculi sunt in amora 
duce$, "the eyes are the harbingers of love," and the first step oi love is sight, 
as g Lilius Giraldus proves at large, hist. deor. syntag. 13. they as two sluices 
let in the influences of that divine, powerthl, soul-ruvishing, and captivating 
beauty, which, as hone saith, "is sharper than any dart or needle, wounds deeper 
into the hear; and opens a gap through out eyes te that lovely wotmd, which 
pierceth the seul itsel£" (Ecclus. 18.) Through it love is kindled like a tire. 
This amazing, confoundbag, admirable, amiable beauty, "ithan which in all 
nature's treasure (saith Isocrates) there is nothing se rnajestical and sacred, 
nothing se divine, lovely, precions," 'ris nature's crown, gold and glory ; 
boum si on summum, de summis tamen non infrequevter triumphans, whose 
power hence may be discerned; we eonternn and abhor generally such things 
as are foul and ugly te hehold, account thern filthy, but love and covet that 
which is fair. 'Tis  beauty in all thin which pleaseth and allureth us, a air 
hawk, a fine garment,  goodly building, u fait bouse, &e. Tllat Persian 
Xerxes when he destroyed ail those temples of the gods in Greece, eaused thag 
of Diana, in integrum servari, te be spared alone for that exoellent beauty and 
magnificence of if. J_nanimate beauty can se eommand. 'Tis that which 
paiaters, artificers, orators, ail aire af, as Eriximachus the physician, ha ]Plate 
tontends, "lit was beauty first that rninistered occasion te art, te find out the 
knowledge of carving, painting, huilding, te fmd out rnodels, perspectives, rich 
furnitures, and se rnany rare inventions." Whiteness in the lJly, red in the 
rose, purple in the violet, a lustre in ail things without life, the clear lighg of 
tht rnoon, the bright beams of the stm, splendeur of gold, purple, sparkling 
diarnond, the excellent featuro of the home, the majesty of the lion, the colour 
of birds, peacocks' tails, the sflver scales of fish, we behold with singaflar 
delight and admiration. "mAnd which is rich in plants, delightful in flowers, 
ondefful in beast, but rnost glorious in rnen," doth make us affect and ear- 
nestly desire it, as when we hear any sweet harrnony, an eloquent tongue, see 
any excellent quality, curious work of man, elaborate art, or aught that is 
exquisite, there ariseth instantly in us a longing for the sarne. We love such 
men, but rnost part for corneliness of lerson$ we call them gods and goddesses 



g08 Zoe-Mdac&,?y. [Pat. 3. Sec. 2. 

divine, serene, happy, &c. And &ail mortal men they alone(nCalcagnimls 
holds) are free from calumny ; qui divitiis, maçistratu et gloriâJtor«nt, bjurid 
lacessimus, we backbite, wrong, hate renowned, rich, and happy men, we repino 
st their felicity, tltey are undeserving we think, fortune is a step-mother to us, 
a parent to them. "We envy (saith o IsocïaoEs,) wise, just, honest men, 
except with mutual offices and kindnesses, some good tttrn or other, they extorg 
this love from ris ; only f-air persons we love st tiret sight, desire theix acquaint- 
ance. md adore them as so many gods : we had rather serve them than com- 
mand others, and accourir ourselves the more beholding to them, the mom ser- 
vice they enjoin us: though they be otherwise vicious, dishonest, we love them, 
favour them, and are ready to do them any good office for their Pbeauty's sake, 
though they have no other good quality beside. Die igitur formos« adole- 
cens (as that eloquent Phavofinus breaks out in q Sgoheus), die Autiloque, sua- 
viùs hectare loqueris ; dic 6 Telenache, vehementiùs Ulysse dicis ; dic A lcibiades 
u$cunque ebrius, libetius tibi licet ebrio auscultabimus. " Speak, faix youth, 
speak Auti]oquus, thy words are sweeter than nectar, speak 0 Telemachns, 
thou ar more powerful than Ulysses, speak Alcibiades though drunk, we will 
willingly hear thee as thon art." Faults in such mm no faults : for when tho 
said Alcibiades had stolen Anytus his gold and si]ver plate, he was se far from 
prosecuting se foui a fact (though every man else eondemned his impudence 
and insolency) that he wished it had been more, and much better (he loved him 
dearly) for his sweet sake. " o worth is eminent in such lovely persons, ail 
imperfections hid ;" no, enim facile de his ques plurimum diligimus, turpitu- 
d5tem suspicamur, for hearing, sight, touch, &c., out mind and all our senses 
are captivated, omnes sensusJbrmos delectat. ]Iany men bave heen preferx ed 
for their person alerte, chosen kings, as amongst the Indians, 1)ersians, Ethi- 
opians of old; the properest man of person the country could afford, was elected 
their sovereign lord; Gratlor est pulchro veniens è cm'porc virtus, rand se haro 
many other nations thought and donc, as e Cmis observes: Ingens 
in corporis mjestate veneratio est, "for there is a majestical presence in such 
men ;" and se far was beauty adored amongst them, tha¢ no man was thouht 
fit te mign, that was net in all parts complete and supereminent. Agis, king 
of Lacedoemon, had like te bave been deposed, hecause he married a little wit, 
they would net bave their royal issue degenerate. Who wonld ever bave 
thought that Adrian the Fourth, an English monk's bastard (as tl)apirins 
Iassovins writes in his life), inops à suis relictus, squalidus et miser, a poor 
foaken chi]d, should ever corne te be pope of lome$ But why was it? 
ra acrl ingenio, facundiâ expeditâ, eleganti corpore, facieque loetâ ac hilari 
(as ho follows it out of Uubrigensis, for he ploughs with his heilr), "he was 
wise, learned, eloqnent, of a pleasant, a promising countenance, a goodly, 
per man ; he had, in a word, a wirming look of his own," and that carried it, 
for that he was especially advanced. Se "Sanl was a goodly peon and 
a fair." Maximinns elected emperor, &c. Branchus the son of Apollo, whom 
he begot of Jance, Succron's daughter (saith Lactantius), when he kept King 
Admetus' herds in Thessaly, new grow a man, was an earnest sttitor te his 
mother te know his father; the nymph denied him, because Apollo had con- 
jnred her te the contrary; yet overcome byhisimportunity at last shesent himto 
his tather; when he came into Apollo's presence, ma/as/)e/reverentr osculatus» 

n L. de calomnie. Formosi Calumnia vacant; dlemus alios mellore looe potos, for nobls nover- 
m illi  o lndem pie tibu, jfis, fi, benefic siu norem extorquent ; los folS 
amamus et po velut pectu benent*a oegimur, et 
m qua  eramu momqu  P Formoe majtatem Barb 'erentur, n aHi mor 
qu qmv mta fo  donna ç H b. 5. Cui  eL PoUr. q . Plurc 
L ej Brini Sab " Vue apparu moee aceliy  a ely na." ' Lib. 5 
aomque o non os 
utc Bo u b. X . 6. 



]em. 2. Subs. 2.] Causes fLove-$['Jaw bj. 
e caed hse so we, and w so f a young man, that Apollo w iufi- 
nitely taken th the buty of h peon, he oeuld aroe look off m, 
sd he w wohy of such parents, gave him a oeo of gold, the spirit 
diation, and in conclusion ruade him a demi-go 0  l»erbafmœe, a 
goddess beauty is, hom the ve go ador nain hros dii ang 
Ar domina, Iovs harblnger, lovffs loadstone,  'itch, a cham, &c. 
Beauty  • dower of itself, • sufficient patfimony, an ample commendation, an 
vccate eptle,  x Luci y Apulei, Taquellu and me othe conclude. 
]p& digfma, buty d«es a om, saith Abule, paradox 2. 
cap. 110. oaty ; and  "more bave got this hono and eterty for thei 
buçv, than for all other vi besid :" and such'as are f, "are ohy 
to be honoured of God and men." That Idalian Ganymede w therefore 
tbtched by Jupiter in heve Hoephestion dear to Alexander, Anto fo 
Adria la ca]ls beauty for that oeuse  pfivilege of nature, aturoe 
«/enis us, nature's masr-pie a dumb oemment ; TheoFhrtus,  silent 
fraud ; still rhefic, Calories, that pemuades without a spoech, a ngdom with- 
out a ard, cause utul pens oemmand s so many oepi ; 
cra, a tyranny, "which tniseth over tyrants themselves ;" wch ruade 
Diogenes belike 11 proper womeu queeus, q,dfacet £oni 
petit, buse men were so obedient fo the commands. They will adore, 
orage, comphment, and w  a common wench (it she be fair)  ffshe ere 
a ble oman, a counte, a quoen, or • godds. Those temperate young 
en of Greeoe erected af Delphoa a golden image ith fite cost, to the 
cteal memo of he the oeuoEezan,  lian relat, for she as a most 
eauti woman, insomuch saith aAthœeu that Apellea and mteles drew 
enus'a piure from her. ua young men  gdore and honour beau 
nay kin themlves I say will do it, nd voltary submit the vereity 
fo  lovely womam "Wine la strong, kin aro strong, but a omn 
strongest," 1 Esd. iv. 10.  Zerobal proved at ]ae to Kg Dariu 
prc and noblemen. "Kin t at d oemmd s and land, &c., ail 
.,y tribute  the king ; but women make kings pay tfibute, and bave domi- 
nion over them." en they bave got gold and sflver, they subit aH  a 
butil woman, ve themselv holly fo ber, gape and gaze on ber, andall 
men dese ber more th gold or silver, or any precio tng : they-fll leave 
father and mother, and venture the lires for ber, hb«mr and travel to get, 
and bfing aH the gai to womea, al, fight, and spofl for the mtress'a 
sake. And no king so strong, bxxt a fait woan  stronger than he is. "AH 
thgs" (ashe rooes) "fear to tuch the g; yet I saw h and Apame 
his concub the daughter of the mous Baas, sittg on the right hand 
of the king, and she took the oeo off h head, and put it on ber o, and 
utroke him th ber left hand ; yet the g gaped and zed on ber, 
when she laughed, he laughed, and when she  an he flattered to be 
reoenced to ber." So buty commands even k themselv ; nay whole 
vmi gnd gdoms are oeptivad together with the kin: efma 
as, fum c£ritudo captive; vlncentur pecie, qui n ncentu 
œel. d 't a eat marrer saith aXenophon, "and of hich aH ir 
emona may wohily brag, that g strong man must labonr for  ling ff he 
ill bave aught, • vaHant man must fight d endanger himself for it,  we 
mas apeak, show mse, d il ; but a fa and boutfful Fon doth 
x D. orum e. . de mia. LIb . nnub. oep. 2Z Vlrgo foa et  oppl pauper, 
dta  ls«»crat l,lur oh forain mola adepfi t Çm oh reliqu o te 
• Lucign T 4. orl ,oemon. Qui fl, me ap D et pud homlnea hono eL Mu eom- 
endati q elol ad eommum elor. _ __  LIK 9. yak. hi nta fomœe elegan ul ab 
 nu & b E Iv. 29. ge hom. 23.  Nm   ts tyrnl 



xvith ease, be oempse  d without any pns-king :" O and men 
hven and h oep to hono m ; eve one pities him above other, 
he   noe «and all the world  wling  do h goooE rChacl fe 
to the nd of p but when a the rt were put to the edge of the 
sword, she Mone w prerved for ber peau. Sen Cotinople 
ck by the Tur Irene eap, d w so  om being de a ptive» 
that she even ptiva the rand Seior oe.  d omond t 
over g Hen the econ 
 h I w r an oe 
He round y pf the lege of uty, 
at it hd power  d a d¢.  
Ft oh hc forain  u r. olor/s 
A nd th OE çi are tken th it,    ave dy proved. 
, E«ç 'tuç,  «d F«t¢»u/ i»n «i» c. 
l,utl aet a fieroe spot  aceoE or wen as Troy w tken, 
the wa ed (as Ceme en quotes out of Eçide), 
].len, th  o and,  eg the sole OEuse of ail those wa and 
e: ut when e w er foE oe,  one amzed af er oevne buty, 
let s wn  and em ber de e ad o wer to strke so 
sword ( te g )  d1ed th a uti ct, ad veHty itoe 
overoeme. ieHd the ortor, when ne  ¢ent w d at Athe 
or er ]ewns e o orner defenoe  er OEu, ut tear]ng ber ur 
et, slos er ked ret to te jues, t wie oemel]ns 
er boy ad ale gture tey were so oved ad astoned, tat tey 
did acqt ber fohwit nd let ber go. 0 nole pieee ofjtloe ! me utor 
exe]d : d wo  e tt wod hot rther lo  st ad ro 
s oee, th Ove ntenee ast the jty of buty  uh rer 
 oe w  ]ovely and , tt when he fought  the Te wars,  
oe ad oen by enoeare» o enemy wod offer fo ste af or u 
u« immutat beauty.  temse]v e moved wt ]t. 
trodden on y d oes for a pmet, "te wd e stood in admi- 
rer." Wereoro did tat roy    çeius, en she fled flm te 
tev  en,  a de, mke sue an asophe fo er  on whom 
re ; (for what ew se fo the cont, ut tht he w an ) i 
m eve day e d e sould work no ore, tort o more, but rt 
ch promi to a db bt ut tat she roeved the poor  to 
. L _  owi h. Tur h Di  mpt of 8on& 1 So  plg. " 
Sms t 1 pm m eam  fe  lden Helena atu  
 w ut fe exde &oE m T forme ft ut m  los   for 
uo  obnd zp Jumen miDo fuit ;  nolL n Lib. & m 
you  rre me W tuf p d my   w . w hono  I Qwe y 



takeuwithherbeauty; forhedidoften obliq*tocollopedcspuelloedecorosbasiare, 
kiss her f  she rode, et ad delatul vul tentaLat 
coant  much   m w  ber deoE spch, d besides he 
ome foeg,  she coaoeived of her miry. And why did Tkeog[ne'$ hoo 
in el[odos Pcue, pranoe, nd go so proudly, exultan alacter et 
biens, &c., bu t such  me uor upposeth, he w 
mter dixses ipsum eTuum pulcfirum intel[içe pulchram domine formam  
A fly Eghted on q Ialthiug cheek  he lay asloep; 
him,   psrite of , standing by, well peroeived, non utpunget, 
oscuretur, but oely to ks hi  rashod th  ve 1oo. - 
nimate crets, I auppose, bave  touch of this. en a drop of rpsyche's 
OEndle fell on Cupid's shoulder, I t se it w to  it. When Venus 
tan  meet ber ro-choeked Ados,  an elegant "pt of ou sets ber ont, 
 « the buho lu the 
me h her n me  ber 
olne twine about ber le to mae ber 
And  d oeveg hoe for D 
 ipse amore cçtttr»  eo holds, tke  itse   love: fvr 
wheu Hero played upon ber lute, 
"te wanton a In twenty g fo 
r ber finge 
and those lifious wiuds ayed Daphne when she fled from 
 ,, u audbt or vea 
Obaque adv babant flh v. 
ore ent ]oved Hyacinthus, and Othy ricthon's daugter 
v£ rpit, &c., he toooE ber away by force,  she w [ag with other 
wenches af Iss, and gat Zet d li h two sons of ber. 
and watel are enamoured th t our buty, is 
theair ud wind for wen auder wm  the 
h trident d at do the wav, but 
"Tbey tlll mouned up lntending o have k'd 
d fell  ps IoEe  b ty  
The Xriver A]pheus was  ]ove th ethu,  se tc the te hee 
 "desque mu c pillo 
un Alphei veel recit amor; 
sra ego ympha'" Y . 
hen out Thème and Is 
"sOnla e sonanç nnexu brebis pa]le 
Mutue expc ectun a lr  
chus and e, ad ow many long ve oen  reckon up, whom 
beauty bath enthHed  I y notng ail t we of idol themelves tat 
bave comtted ido]atT  this d, of ]oong-g], that ve n ra 
in leve ( you w be«ve çt), hen theh"  
to dress them. 
« Et si non habeo n s fia ens [ "oh I no n 
Exh et cal ntlo m,,l on. [ Yet y sweet 1oo do [e 
Digm h quoHva specn ImIDa, flamms And wheD y spn 
undt opi sauc membr '» MI my wod meb ve d b." 
 cod H you such other sto of soee that 
b[ooks, or finge» some y, I know hot weH wether, 
repo, and of a oeld bath tht suddenly smoke d w very hot whe 
P thlop. I. 3. q Athene 1. 8. r Apel Anr. ino. s aksprs t Marlow 
 v. Met. I.  v. Met. b. 5. Y "d  ber hd plng off the drops om ber 
ff th hein  l the I of A]pheus. I w/oerly an Ach nph," 
• "Thelr ltps rd with oud k  ar are d th the 
uty td by te fo c"   b toe ptns h ut [umme 
divos tue hon pv, cur urere  nt  n. "'  e wonder how grt the 



/12 Love-J.felanchd.y. [Part. B. ee. 
of all the tales in this kin, that is the most memorable of a Death himelf, 
when he should bave strucken a sweet young virgin with his dart, he fell in 
love with the object. Many more such could I relate which are te bo believed 
with a poetical ith Se dumb and dead creatures dote, but men are mari, 
stupified many times at the first sight of beauty, amazed, e as that fishermaa 
in _4_ritænetus, that spicd a maid bathing herself by the se-side. 
" ! S-IUIa mthl eunt omnia membrg 
A calAt¢ ad caleem, zenu*que onml perilt 
De pector, tare nmensu. etupor animam invalt mihL  
a nd as g Lucian, in his images, confesses of himselt that he was at 
istt'e's presence void of ail sense, immovable, as if he had seen a Gorgon's 
hcad: whieh was no such cruel monster (as hCoe]ius interprets it, l/b. 3. cap. 
9.), "but the very quintessence of beauty," seine fair creature, as withouç 
donbt the poet understood in the £rst fiction ofit, at which the spectators 
were amazed, l ,l//ser/qu/b il-rta nites, poor wretches are compelled 
the verf sight of ber rvizhing looks te run mad, or rnake away with them- 
belves. 
« k They wait the etence of her $cornful eye 
And wlaom ahe fvours llve thv other diea" 
 leliodorus, l/b. 1. brings in Thyamis almost besides himsel, when he saw 
Charicila first, and net daring te look upon her a second time, "for he thought 
it impossible for any man living te sec ber and contain himselï" The very 
fÆme of beanty will fetch them te it many miles off (such an attractive power 
this loadstone hath), and they will seem but short, they will undertake any 
toi] or trouble, m long journeys. Penia or ktalanta shall net overgo them, 
through seas, deserts, mountains, and dangerous places, as they did te gaze 
on t'syche: « many mortal men came -far and near te sec that gloriouz objeeç 
of ber age," Paris for Helena, Corebus te Troja. 
" lllin Trojam qui forte dlebu 
« who inflamed with a violent pazsion for Cassandra, happened then te be in 
Troy." KJng John of France, once prisoner in England, came te visit his old 
friends again, crossing the seasl but the truth is, his coming was te sec the 
Countess of Sailsbury, the nonpareil of those rimes, and hiz dear mista'esa 
tat infernal god Pluto came fom hell itself, te steal Proserpiuei Achilles 
lef ail his friends for Polixena's sake, hiz enemy's daughter; and ail the n Gre- 
clan gods forsook their heavenly mansions for that fair lady, Philo Dioneus 
daughter's sake, the paragon of Greece in those days; ed 
ecm c, ertira omnes dff cou#«ra expeterent : "for she was of such surpassing 
beauty, that ail the gods contended for ber love." o Formosa divis 
tmel : " the beautiful maid commands the goda" They wiil net only come 
te sec, but as a falcon makes a hungry hawk hcver about, follow, give attnd- 
ance and service, spend goods, live, and ail theh" fortunes te attainl 
« Were beauty under teuty lock kept fxt 
Yet love breaks throuh, and picks them al/af last. " 
XV'hen fair p ]ero came abroad, the eye, heaxts, and affections of ber spec- 
tators were st/l/attendanf on ber. 
u q Et medioa inter vl..tue auperernlnet omne [ « rSo far above the re fatr Hero e]ùned, 
l»erque urtem a]cmnt vefientem umin intar." ] And 

d Idem Anger. • Oberupu]t mtrabundus membrorum eleu & Ep. . t Sto  . 
• « My m me r. 1 w overe om h  foo  -ion .  t a atnr er- 
burden my oE"  Pa abat quo mi  ex hoe ft su lps t ioborem 
e ft. h Ve OErgon bu oee  fooe d spidos de ! Hor. 
Ode  k Ms Her i Asp oe n t  te, et bfle ms ut 
aumm emot  em quoique vtt ut OEn habeb t  et oer 



Iem. 2. ubs. .] eautg a Çaus. 513 
8 When Peter Aoetins L,mretia came fitt te ome, and that the £tme of ber 
l,uty, urbanarum ,m r ve»'at,nw on ad ndam m, 
&c. were spread abmad, they me in ( they say) tck and threefold te sec ber, 
and hovered about ber gat,  they did ofold  La of Corinth, and Phne 
«,f Thebes.  Ad «usjacit Groec totafor, "ai whose gares lay all Greece." 
"UEve man ught te get ber love, seine th gaHant and costly apparel, 
seine with an affecd oe, seine with music, othera with rich fts, pissant 
discoume, multitude of followem ; them with letters, vows, and proes, 
mmend themse]ves, and  be cious in ber eyes." Happy w he thaç 
could sec ber, tce happy that enjoyed ber oempany. Charmides xiu 
was a pmper young man, h comee of peon, "and ail goed qualifies, far 
exoeeng others ; whenver fait Charmid oeme abroad they oeemed all 
 be h love ith him ( Crifi scris their ge), and were troubled 
at the ve sight of him; mycame near him, many followed him whereso- 
ever ho went," as tho Yfm sp«t d Acontius, if ai any rime he 
wMked abroad: the Athe les stoeed on cibi; Sappho and the 
Mitflenean women on Phaon the air. Such lovely sights de net only plee, 
entice, but ravish and aaze. Cleom, a dehcate d tender youth, prient 
at a st whi Anodes s unde ruade in Piroeo ai A thens, when he sac- 
ficed te Merry, se stupified the ts, Dine Astippus, Agasthen, and 
the test ( Charidemus in tLuchn rehs it), tha they could net eat their 
mt, they sat MI supper rime gazing, gbndng at him, stlg loo, and 
admiring of his beauty, hIany wfil condemn the men that are se enamoured, 
for fods; but mme again commend them for i; many rejec Paris's judgment, 
and yet Lucian appmv of it, admiring Pat for his choice; he wouhl bave 
donc as much msdf, and by good drt in his mind ; beauty is te be pre- 
feed « fore wealth or wisdom.". Athenoetm, Dpnosopt, lib. 13. 
cap. 7, holds it no such indignity for the Tmjam or Greeks te contend ten 
years, te spend se much labour, lose se many men's hes for Hden's =ke, 
Cfor  ir a lady's sake, 
"Oh tam uxoem e priVatiSa 
B more refe" 
at one woman wa woh a kingdom, a hundred thoand other women, a 
world idf. Vell ght «Sterpsichores be blind for oerphg at  fair a 
ereature, and a jt punZshment it was. The saine testimony gi Homer of 
the old men of Troy, that wem sl,ectatom of that single oembat tween Paris 
and blenda a the Seian gare, when Helen stood in presenoe; they id ail, 
the war w wohily pmlonged and undertaken  for ber sake. The very 
gods themoelves ( Homer and r Isocrates reoerd) fought more for Hden than 
they d against the giants. When Venus lest h son Cupid she ruade 
proclamation hy Mercu, that he that cod bHng tidings ofhim should hav« 
seen ks ; a noble reward seine y, and much hetter than se many golden 
talents, seven such khs te many men were more precious çhan seven dties, 
or se many province. One such a k alerte would rover a man if he were 
a d#ng, huavlolum Styg Mc te  va3 reda, & Great &lexander 
maed Roxane, a poor man's child, only for ber pemon, t 'Tw well donc 
of Alexander, and heroicMly donc; I admioehim for i Orlando w mad for 
Angeh and who doth net condde  hap ? Tbe died for 
¢ Poo aL 1 Laflm donk  . Bahio Octane. t Propel  Veum 
lendore et eleganfia, ambitione cefi oni nfili &. afiam iioe. x  tœete 
cor plate et ee dule mlraudus appebç oete utem pti eJus amn vld£br, 
Y Aetns  10 TooE & Dia[ meretr, reictent et  formam e] ob,tupe«oeut a 
Chdo;plentioe mto pchdo proefe et opibua b Indium nihfl t Tm fo et 
$chivoe teindre tare lngo peoe e h ¢ Dira qdem  pe q çel objet Achl 
 belli u probanda fui Proper. b.  d Cns qui Henœe fo  • ose 
mutino Turks that mnd at MahomeL when they saw lrene, exced  abc owl« fin 
laudem Hevoe era $ Ap:tL mB H ¢ hcum b l& iCuffi l. I. 



514 o-Mdco,j. [Part. 3. Sec. 
Dido for neas ; who doth hot weep, 
in cosetion of ber estate 
oeuld e for ber." 
,t th  hot the mtr  hd ; what pregtive t uty bath, o 
hat power d soverenty it , and how tr such erso that so uch 
a,le, and dote un it, are tobe justified ; no 
he question is, how and by wt mn uty produceth th effect  y 
sighg : the eye betrays the souÇ and 
t wounds and  wounde  an especl cae and itrent, th  the 
8ubje and in the objet. ,1 s t, it gi in the ey, decenth  the 
brea»t;" i conveys theoe beauteou rays, 
vidi u poil. J[ars v nc, vat cup. Shechem xv Dih the 
daughr of Leah, and deed her, Gen. xxxiv. 3. Jacob, RacheL xxix. 17. 
"for she w beautiful d fair." Dard spied Bathheb afar off, 2 Sam. 2. 
The elders, Susann,  that Orthomeniaa Strato saw ir ristocl the 
daughr of Theophane, bathing herself at tht Hercyne well in badc and 
were OEptivated  an insnt. Vrun oci, apaerunt ptora 
Ammou fell ck for Thamar'a sake, 2  xiii. 2. The auty of Esther 
was such, that she round çavour hot oy in the sight of huer, "but of ait 
those that looked upon her." Gerson, Ogen, d some others, co.tended 
that Christ himseff w the irest of the ns of men, au I Joseph next unto 
h spwbs proe i £q«titun, and they 
e T peton was such, that he fod oEace aud iXvcur ofl tho tt looked 
ul)on him. Joseph was so fa, that, 
decurrerent per mtru», et adtras, they tan to the top of the walls and to 
the windows  gaze on him,  we do oemmo:ly to sec some t pemoge 
go by : and so Matthew Pal' dcris ZIatflda the Empre going tlu'ough 
Cufie op. Ioral the Jesuit saith as much of the Virg hlary. ntony 
no sooner w CIeopat but, saith I)pian, lib. 1, he w enamoutd of 
°Theseus at the tiret sight ofHclen w so btted, that he teemed hlf 
the ppiest man in the world ff he might enjoy h, d to that pme 
eeled down, and ruade h pathetical prayers unto the god qChaïicles, by 
chance, espyg that curious picture of sMliug Venus naked in ber ten ple, 
stood a grt we zmg,  one amazed; at leugth, he brake to that mad 
passiote speech, "O fortuna god Mars, that wt und  chains, an 
ruade riculofor ber sake!" He could hot conhelf, but std he: 
picture, I know no how o, and hfly desired to  so disgraced  Mars 
w. d 'hat d he that his bettem had not donc before h 
 " r atque qs de  on hb opt 
n enus came st to hve ber oemens w such, that ( mine 
author ith) "Sali the g.)da OEme flocking about, and lud her, ch of 
them went to Jupir, and dmired he ght have ber fo be his wife." Vhe 
fair Anhlochus OEme  presenco, as a canne  the dark his beauty sh 
ail men's ey ( Xophon describ the er of it) "were ioEantly fixed 
on him, and moved ai the sight, insomuch that they oed hot conl them- 
selv, but in ture or loo it w discerned and expresoeoE" Those other 
se hearg toucg, nay much penetrate and affc but none so much, 
none so forcible as sight. r» re »i la ara v Achilm, 
Ac w moved  the midst of a battle by fair B»ioeis, 
koEnf ISen amor in h ofitoe, mOd. FmL nPlnt °L de pt 
Ju et Mar  Lucian Charidemou supra o mo feH 5i h f  q Lucian 
amon Inmn qdm  furibd excla 0 foUe d Mars q pmpr banc 
vinc L r Or. leL I. & s Om i ple t, et  o bi Ue au 
Com de Vencr t Ut  I n e 



Mem. 2. Subs, 2,] Beu « Cs«. 515 
Judith captivate 1 ha greaç Capai oloçeraes: Dlfl, Samsou  Ro- 
round, UHen the Second Roxolana, Solymn tho [gaficont, &c. 
" fs womu oercom tire nd sword." 
"Y Nouht under heaven  strongly doth &lido Dv th the power of an hea-bulng 
Th¢ scnse of man and ail his mind s And lapt In flower of a golden tr, 
As bçauty's lovdit batt, that doth proem That ean wlth mcltin plvasure mollify 
Gteat waors erst thei¢ ri)ur  »uppr The dea'd he«r ud to 
And ghty hands foget thvr mann 
Clitiphon ingenuously confesseth, that he no sooner came in Lecippe's 
l,resenoe, buç that he did corde tremere, e ocrais loEs¢ivks intgri ; 
wounded at the first ght, h hea pd, d he couldnot poss[bly tutu 
eyes from hec. So doth Calysirh in eodor, lib. 2. [sis Prie»t, a 
oId man, complain, who by chanoe aU Memph seeing that Thciaa Rodophe, 
ntight hot h,»[d hh ey off ber: "»[ wflI hot coaoea[ it, she overoE me 
with ber presence, and quite aulted my continency which I had kept nntv 
nSne old age ; I reshted a loag rime my bodily ey with tho eyes of my 
uadetanding ; aç last I was oenquered, and  la a tempt OErried head- 
I ,ng." «Xenophiles, a phflosopher, railed aU womea doright for many 
years ther, scorned, hand, offed af them ; coming af lt into Daphn 
a air md's company ( he oendol his mishap to hh iend Demaritis), 
though free belote, It«s nu an cupidi«s, w far in love, awl quite 
overcome upo a sudden trtus sud, rater a D,Thide, &c. 1 confesa 
ara ken, 
« d la hoec flexit  animumque labentem 
I cou]d hold out no longer. Such another iap, but woa: had Str .toc]es 
the physicia, that Llear-eyed old man, mco pus (so • Prodromus dscribc 
15m) ; he w a severe woman's-hater ail his lff%foe« et contufiosoE semper 
itfoemin«s prof«tus,  bitter pecur of the whole sex, hamaaas aspides 
'ip«as apTelt, he forswore them ail st, and mock them wheresver he 
ctme, ia such vile rms, ut trem et soror ods, that ffthou hdst heard 
him, thon wouldst bave loathed thiae own mother and sistem for his word'» 
sake. Yet this old dotg fool was ken at t with that oelestiM and divine 
look of M) riIla, the dughr of Anticles the gardener, that smirking wench, 
that he shaved off his bushy beard, paiuted his ace,  cm-led his hair, wore a 
laul crown to oever his baM pate, and for ber love bid w rdy to 
mad. For the ve day at he marri he w  fuous, ut s l 
mit ptave posset ( a terribl a monstrons long day), he conld not stay till 
if w night, sed omnib insa[at«t in lamum Jti irrapi$, the meat 
soErce out of his mouth, without y leave tag, he would needs go psently 
to bed. What yog man, therefo, froid men be so intemrate, can secure 
himseffi Who can say  will aot be en th a beautithl object  can, 
[ will contain. o, saith « Lucian of his mistoes% he h so air, that ff tiou 
ost but  ber, she wiI1 stup thee, kfll th stght, and, Mdu ke, 
tun thee  a stone ; thou cnst hot puI1 thine eyes ri'oto ber, but as 
damant doth imn, she l ca thee boud headlong whither he will heli 
infect thee ke a blL t holds both in men and women. Dido was 
UDvlevit omn eg animo mulier x Nain vlncit et vel iem, femqne si qua pchra est. Anacreon, 
Isnr  h Faee Qavenc. Ailles Taçi lib. l. a Stim  eam conemi,t 
oculos a virne averlere cona m,  i repugnabanl. $ Pudet oecer non ceabo men. Mempm 
• c prum cir ne anxt imi hoere sne ep. 17. d Vg . • "She one hath 
pflvate my fetngs, and fixe4 my waveng min" • Amarto al. f Comique  epecum 
m$k g lmag. PoUtre. Si tm tem turi% staluis inobfltoem te i : ci oenpexer 
e.tm, n lquetur fl $ ab  amovendl; aucet te al;itum qnque voluet, ut 
  trahere ferunt amame 



518 Love-lelanchol#. [Part. 3. Sec. _o.. 
Vemt; for ho bcing s sweaty fuH#uous blaeksmith, w desrly belved of 
het when fait ApoHo, ble Mereury wero rejeete raid tho tst of tho 
sweeced gods fomaken. Many women ( Petronius «obse) sdus 
cnt ( y men are more moved th kitehen wenehes, nd • poor mrket 
md, tn 11 the fllto court nd city dames)  oner dote upon 
slave, • oeant, a di uber, • bront,  eoo a player,  they see his naked 
legs or arms, tl«s brhM, r &e., le tt hunman elger h Pho- 
satus, though he be all in rags, obseene and y, besmeared e  demn, 
a gipsy, or a eMmney-sweeper, thon upon a noble galMnt, irc, Ephestion, 
Aleibiades, or those embroidered eotiet full of sk and gol& gJusthe's 
we,  eitizen of Rome, fe in loe with Pyhd a phyer, and w rdy to 
rua rond for him, had hot Galen e hdI*d ber by chanoe. Fatin tho 
emprs dod on 3 feneer. 
ot one of a thoand lh in love, but there  some peer part or other 
whieh pleeth most, nd inflm him bove the test. h A eompŒEny of young 
philosophe on a time fell at eiance, whieh pa of a woman was moet de,i- 
l-al,le and pleaaed be somo d tho foreh, son the teeth, somo tbe 
eyes, cheeks, lip neek, ehh, &e., the eontrovety was referred to La of 
Corhth to deeide; but she, smiliag, d, they were  eompnny of foo 
suppose they had ber whero they he what would they lfimt æek Yet 
this notwittanding I do ey n  qu vtru» wgttvet ol»ino 
all parts are attractivo, bu espechlly k tho eye@ 
" det Ie mlcant 
Sidefibus B os' 
which are loo's çowlet ; maUUl»iŒE amor, £he shoelng homs, " ho hks 
of love ( Arandus will), he guide, ouchsone, judges, lm in  momen 
cure mad men, and make 8ound fol mari, he watchmen of he body ; wha 
do hey no" How vex hey no 1 h  e, and (which henoe 
l. 13. dip. cep. 5. aud Taius hold) hey are he chier ss of love, and am 
Lernuti  bath oeetely expressed in an eleg ode of , 
"Amorem ocellis flammeo her I '« I saw Love tn in m mls' eyes 
Viril inidentem, credite poster  Sparklmz, beeve i a 
Ftresque circum ludibundo d his attendan playlng round about, 
Çum phre voliare e re s Witk bow and ow roEy for to 
ealiger calh he eyes, "çupld's arrows; he one, he lighning of love 
he pp, he en :" » Balçhazar asçilio, he OEs, he chario, ho lamps 

of love, 
ls œemua Inmlna telll, 
Lumina quoe possent eollicitare deos. TM 
Love's orators, l%tronius. 
• '0 blandos oculos, et{ facetos, 
Et quadam proprla nota loquaeoe 
llic est Venus, et leves amores. 
Arque »ps in mvdo sedet volnpta&" 

" Eyes emulating star lu Iight, 
EnticAng gods ,t the flrst sight ;" 

I «' 0 sweet and Irrey speaking eyes, 
Where Venus, love and ploere lies." 

Lovo's torches, touch-box, naptho and matches, qTibullus. 
"lllius ex ocullç quum vu]t exurere divo% | "Tart Love wben he will set the gods on tire, 
Accendit geminas lampade* acer amor." | Llghtens the eyes as torches to desire." 
Leander, at the first sight of Hero's eyes, waz incensed, saith [usoeus. 
" Simul in r ocu],rum radiis crescebat fax amurum, I ci Love's torches 'gan to burn flrst in her eyes, 
Et cor fer¢ebat invecti ignis lmpetu ; t And set hls he tri on tire whlch never dise: 
Pulchritudo enim celebris immaculatoe foeminœe, ] For the fair heuty of  virgin pure 
Acutior hOminibus est veloci sa,.dtt,t, fs eharper than a dart. ,md doth inure 
Oculus verb via est, ab oculi ictibus A deeper wound, which pierceth to the heart 
N'ulnttS dil tbitur, et in precordta viri manat, n By the eyes, and causeth euch a cruel smark n 

• FoL 5. SI serrure viderint, aut flatorem altiu cinctum, sut pulvere peffusum, aut histrlonem in scensm 
ttaductum &c. f Me puichrs, fate.r carere form,, venml luculenta----nostra est. Petronius CataL de Priapo. 
g Galen. la Calcagninu Apo]os Qnœe pa maxime desiderabilis ? A.li frntem 
i luter foemineum, k Heusius. 1 Sunt enim oculi, proecipuoe pulchritudinls sede lib. 6. m Amor;s 
hamL duces, Judices et indices qui momento insanos sanant, sanos e cogunt, oculstlsslm! corporit 
egcubitore& qutd non a:nt ? Qttid 8on cogunt? ri n O.cel.[/rm. 
cap. 11. memimt oh elegantiam, o Cynthla p ma sms miserum me eepit ocellis, eonts¢tum nullls snte 
cupidinibus. Propert. 1. 1. P In cataleet q De Stdpicio. lib. 4. r Pulchrltndo lpsa 
radios in pectus tt,auti dirnanans ama m rei f«rmam lu culpsit» Tatiua I. 



lIem. 2. 8ubs. 2.] Beaut?j a Cause. 519 
"A modem poet brings in Amnon COmlaining of mmar, 
,s et me clno I " It w thy beauty, 'tw thy pleaslng e, , 
Oecidlt IHc r et fooe lepo, " [ y grace and comnes d me beugle ; 
1 I le nitor, illa atiu, et verus dr Thy roe-like citk% and unto punie OE 
IIIoe oem,dans ppuram, et s roç qen Thy love c and goldcu ued ." 
Ocullque vIncue aur nodo c,,m"  
tPhilostratus Lemnius cries oui on his stress basilisk yes, ardedestces, 
those two burning glasses, they d so inflamed his so, that no war could 
quench it. "What a tyranny (saih he), what a penetration of bodies is this I " 
thou dr«west with olvnce, and swallowest me up, as Charybs doth 
with thy tcky eyes : he that tils into ts guff of love, tan never get ou." 
Let this be the oerollat T then, the trongest bea of beauty are stl dçed 
from the eyes. 
« u am quia lumina tanta, tanta t " For who sch eyes wlth h OEn see, 
l'oser luminibus suis tueri, [ And hot fohwioE etour'd be ' " 
on statim trcpidan$que, alpltansqu 
I 
Froe idcfi oestuantis au ?" &c 
Au4  meu c«tch dotre by putting out  leg or an rm, wth those 
glnces of te eyes they first inveigle oue another, xCyttlt[« pr[»m su mis 
•  qne cepit ocdlis. Of MI eye (by the wuy) black u most amble, 
enticing and fir, which the t obsees in oemmeung of his mistss. 
"Y 5ectandu» nig ocul, Oro caoeilç" which esiod mir  his 
cmena, 
« a Cujua à veIc nintlbs oculia [ « From ber bck ey«, and from her golden 
TIe quidam spirat ac b aur Venere.'" As il" frm "¢enu came a io'ely ace." 
and aTritot  h [iiœeuen[çr oc[osfiz»ws ml/ci., b omer useth 
tbt epithet of ox-eyed, iu describiug Juno, beca a round black eye £s the 
best, the u of bcuty, nd fhet t?ooE blk ths woe : which Polydore 
irgil txeth in our nation: A ngli u T[urimsn cœesi ocsl.we hve gy eyes 
for the most p't. BptLsta Porter, Plysiogw. lib. 3. purs gry colvur upon 
ehil,lren, they be childish ey, dull nd beau. 5[any commead on the other 
side panish ladie», and those dGek dme at thi day, for the blackns of 
their eyes, as Por doth his Neapolitan yog wives. Suetonius describes 
Julius Coes to hve boen &jr vegetisçue ocs[ »icantibus, of black quick 
srkling eye: nd although Averroes in  Colliget wi have such peons 
timorous, yet with,,ut qution ey e most Rmoro. 
Now last of ail,  wl show you by wht means beauty doth tscinte, 
vitcl),  some hold, aud work uu the sou[ of a mtu by the eye. For 
certinly  m of the poet's nd, love doth bewitch and strange[y change us. 
et ¢ Ludit amor sesus, nivs erstrinLct e  ' Love mocks out aenN cnrbs oar lirti 
Lirtatem anim, raira nos fitscinat arte. [ And doth bcwitch us vith his art and rings, 
Credo aliquis doemofl subiens prordia flammam [ I thik some devil gets into ourentrail% 
Concit, et raptam tollit  zdine mentez" And kinoees eoa nd heves out sos from 
eliodo, Hb. 3. prov af large, ftht love is witchcrft, «if gets in a out 
eyes, pos, nostrils, engenders the sme quaties and affections in us, as werv 
in the party whenc% if ctme." The m«nner of the fascition, as Fic[uus 
10. cap. coin. i l«. declares if,  thus: "3[ortl men are then especial]y 
bewitched, wheu  by often gzg one on the other, they direct sight to 
sight, joiu eye to eye, and so drink and suck in love betwevn them ; for tho 
beginuing of th disease  the ey And thefo he that ht.h a cl eyo, 
though he be otherse deformed, byoften ioeking upon him, will makeone md, 
aud tio him çst to him by the eye." Lrd. Vriu», lib. 1. cp. 2. def«s- 
• Jacob Coelis Amnon. Tragœe AcC 1. s 1.  Rosoe foosam oculis ncnntur, et hilaria 
vultu$ elentiæ coron l'hHosttus decib, t Eplst. et in delic abi et oppugnatonem reliu% 
fl:tm noK extinguIt  nm ab amore ip flammascnit inoendium : quoe corporum penetratio, quœe tis 
hwc F &c. u Loecheus Panthe x Perflus. "The etched Cynth#a first ptivat wth 
sprklinff eyes." Y Ovid. amom, lib. . eg. 4. ScuK Herm  Cc di b llI 1. 
¢ Hist. Iib. 1 d Sat' reoEtlonç fol. 67. v Mautuan. f Amor per 1o nard, r«s influcn 
&c. Mortes m summopere ftm" qu fiquentsi Intuitu acivm dh'igeu  Id  
itorc polleat oclorl  



 0 .oe-Mdancoly. [Part. 

«ag. elleth us, that by this interview, "gthe purer spirits are infcted," the 
one eye pierceth through the other with hi rays, which he sends forth, and 
many men bave those excellent piercing eyes, that, which Suetonius relates of 
Austus, their brightne is such, they COmlael their spectators to look ,»iii 
and can no more endure them than the sunbeams, hBarradius, l/b. 6. cap. 10. 
d« larmoni Evtmd. relaorts as much of our Saviour Çhrit and ipeter 
l[orales of the Virgin Iary, whom Nicelahorus describes llkewise to have been 
yellow-haired, ofa wheat colour, but of a most amiable and piercing eye. Tho 
rays, as some thinlq sent from the eyes, carry certain spiritual Valaours with 
them, and so infect the other laarty, and that in a moment. I know, they that 
hold t, isiofit itra »Kttendo, will mke a donbt of this; bu Ficinus proves it 
f:'oa blear-eyes. "kThat by sight alone, make others blear-eyed; and it i 
m re thxn muifest, ghat the vaponr of the corrupt blood doth get in toge- 
ther with the rays, and so by the contagion the spectators' eyes a infecte&" 
 *ther arguments there are of a basilisk, that kills afar off by sight, as that 
El,hesian did of whom tPhilostratus speaks, of so pernicious an eye, he 
poisoned ail he looked steadily on: and that other argument, menstruea 
.t[emiur, oui of Aristotle's lroblems, morbosœe Capivaccius adds, and mSep- 
alius th¢ commentator, that contaminate a looking-glass with beholding 
Jt. « nSo the beanas that corne from the ageut's heart, by the eyes, infect the 
spirits about the patients: inwardly wound, and thence the spi»its infect the 
blood." To this effect she complained in °Apuleius, "Thou art the cause of 
my grief, thy eyes piercing through mine eyes to mine inner parts, bave set my 
bowels on tire, and therefore pity me th:t ara now ready to die for thy sake." 
Ficinus illustrates this with a familiar example of that h[arrhusian Phoedrus 
and Thehan Lycias, "PLycits he stores on Phoedrus' face, and Phoedru 
fastens the halls of his eyes upon Lyciq, and xth those sparkling rays sen, ls 
out his spidts. The beams of Phoedrus' eyes are easily mingled with the 
1,eams of Lycias', and spirits are joined to spiris. This vapour begot in Phoe- 
drus' heart, enters into Lycias' bowels: and that xvhich is a greater wonder, 
Phoedras' blood i. iu Lycias' heart, and thence corne those ordinary love- 
speeches, my sweefleart Phoedrus, and mine owu self, my dear bowels. And 
Phoedrus again to Lycias, O my light, my joy, my soul, my lire. Phoedrus 
f»llows Lycias, because his heart would have his sph'its, and Lycias follows 
Phoedrus, because he 16vos the seat of his spirits; both follow; but Lycias tho 
earnester of the two; the river hath more need of the fountain, than the foun- 
tain ofthe river; as iron is drawn to that which is touched with aloadstone, 
but draws hot it again; so Lycias draws Phoedrus." But how cornes it to 
p:ss then, that the blind man loves that never saw? We rend in the 
Lires of the Fathers, a stooE of a child that was brought up in the wilderness, 
from his infancy, by an old hermit: now corne to man's estate, he saw by 
chance two comely women wandering in the woo&: he asked the old mau 
what creatures they were, he told him fairies; after a x¢hile talking obitèr, the 
hermit demanded of him, which was the pleantest sight that ever he saw in 
his lire ? tic readily replied, the two qfairies he spied in the wilderness. So 
that, wiçhouç doubt, there is somo secret loa'toae in a beautiîul woman, a 

gSp|ritus laur|ores fascinantur, oeulu  se radios emlttlt, &e h Lib. d lau]ch. Jex et far. 
I Lib. 2.  23. colore triticum referent, crine fl va, acribus ocu]io. It Lippi solo iatutu altos lippo$ 
ftciunt, et pater una cnrn radio vaporem corrupti sanguinis emanare, cuJus contagione oculos specnti 
lnficitur. 1 Vita Apollon. m Comment. in Ari.stot. Probl. n Sic radiua à corde percutienti$ 
rniau$, reimen proprittm repetlto cor vulnert, per oculo et aagulnem Inflcit et $pirittta, subtili quadam ri. 
CatiL llb. . de aullco, °Lib. 10. Cau omnis et origo omni pr.entia dolorla tute ca; iatl enim 
oculi, per meoo oculoa ad inttma delapsl proe¢ordia, acernmum meia medullls commovent hoendinm; erzo 
iaorore tui eaua perountl P Lyela in P.h..lfi. vult.um iahiat, .Phoedru_ la oculo$ Lyeiœ cintllla 
suarum defigit oculorum; cumtlue cintilli & Beqtutur -loEdru. Lyctam, quia cor autm petit apiritum; 
Phoe, lru Lyclaa, tlula .pirttua proprim sedom )ostu.'4 '. V'el'u'IA L) 'ia   Dœemonl inquit qu iii 
h » Erem0 nuper occurrebant. 



]forn. 2. Subi. 3.] A'ti.ficl Allure»:nt». 521 
mag-aetic power, a natural iabred affection, which movour concupiscenoe, and 
 h gs, 
"lethln I bave • mlstre yet to 
d still I see I lov I ow hot whom.  
'Tis te indd of nstural and chaste love, but net of this heical psion, or 
rther bruth burninglust of which we trCat ; we sak ofwandeg, wto 
adult«m eyes, which,  rhe saith, "fie still  t as se many soldiers, 
and wheu they spy en innocent specttor fix«d on them, shoot  th, 
and preseatly bewitch him: especiRlly whea they s[l gaze and glot, as 
wautoa loyers de one upoa another, and with  plant eye conflict participR 
ch other's seuls." Hence you tory pooeeive hov ey and ho quickly we 
may be tken in love; siace af the twiaklin.ç of an eye, Phoedl-tis' spirits 
se rnicious]y infect Lyci' bloooE "seither  it any wonder, if we but 
consider how many other seaoes closely, and  stiddenly are caught by infec- 
tion, plgue, itch, bs, flux," &c. Th« spirits tsken in, wili net let him mst 
that hth received them, but egg m on. ,,t[ 
estsaucia are ; and w« may maaifestly perceive  strange eduction ofspit 
by such as bld af nose after they be dd, et the prence of the muMerer 
bt read more of this h mus, l. 2. de o«ult, nat. ir. c,-c T. 7. Vallerio 
lib. 2. observ, cap. 7. Vsi contr. Ficinm», Catin, Labavi de cruet 
caaveribus, &c. 
Sumcr. III.--2rtcial alluremets of Le, Caus and Pvvocat[ons te 
Lust ; Gtures, ts, Dower, &c. 
ATAL beauty is a stronger loadstone of item, 
temption, nd pieroeth te the very heart; u forma verundm nocu mihi 
visa lel; but much more when thooe acial enticements and provocations 
of gestures, clothes, jewe, pigments, exortious, shdl  annexed un it ; 
tho»e other circumsmuces, oprtunity of te and plce shall concur, which 
of themlves Moue were ail sufficieat, each one in particulr te produce thi 
effcct. If is a question much controverd by seine wis men, for»m dea 
plus arti an natu'oe ] Vhether natur or artificiel objects be more powerful 
but net dccided: for my pu I ara of option, that though buty itself be 
great motive, and g[w au excellent lustre i rdoE, in beggy,  a jewel 
on a dunghill will sMae and ct hls rRys, it OEnnot be suppressed, which 
t[cliodorus feins of OEariclia, though she -ere in bear's wee 
used, artfficial is of more force, and much te be prcfced. 
• . x Sic denta sibi dc gl  "Se toots gle em« a preRy on 
Empti$ oibus lnce cocu $ [ Set out with new-bought teeth 
Sic q grior t cadente mor Se foul Lycorb blacker tan ber 
Cel'a ebi plet Lyor" eH adm new finer tn e." 
John Lerius the Burndian, cap. 8. It. mvlgat. i»t Bral. is Itogether on 
my side. For where (saith he) af out coming  Brazl, we found both men 
and women nak  they were boru, without any covering, se much  of their 
pvities, d could net be pemuade by out Freumen that lived a year th 
them, te wear any, "YhIny will think that out se long commerce with nked 
women, mt nds ho a gret provocation te lust;" but he concludes other- 
wLse, that their nakedness did much less entico them te lcidousaess, than 
out women's clothe "And I d'« boldly affirm (ith he) that thooe gfitter- 
iug att, oeunterfeit colo, heudge, cled hrs, plaid coRts, clouks, 
r Ctillo de aic, l. 3. fol. 228. Ocull ut mt In insldlls emper recbt, et sublto  snm eagitt 
emitlt.  eNcc mim si reliques morb q ex oengione nunt 
r.tum. em. &OE t Lucretius. "And the body naturally $ee wence It is that the d  se wçd.:d 
by love." n In beuty, tt of faveur  proEeed fore t of colour and dent motion ls more than 
that of lavent. Bon'e Ey& x aRi$. Y blul tl opinautur 
eun I,4vbris ntxd ac plm cam foeminia, ad libioenem provor at 
,a;n «-'un foen nr eait A eve''e $plendid OEum cçltum, 



522 I, ove-Moencl,,ly. [Part. 3. Sec. 2. 
gowns, costly stomachers, guarded and loose garment, and all those other 
accoutrements, wherewith out couutrywomen counterfeit a beauty, and se cm-i- 
ously set out themselves, cause more iuconvenience in this kind, than that 
barbarian homeliness, although they be no whit inferior uuto them in beauty. 
I could evince the truth ofthis bymanyother arguments, but Iappeal (saith he) 
te my companions at that present, which were ail of the saine minoE" Hi 
c(mntrymau, lffooEaigne, in his essays, is of the saine opinion, and se are many 
others; out of whose asertions thus much in brief we may conclude, that 
beauty is more beholden te art than nature, and stronger provocations pro- 
ceed frein outward ornaments, than snch as nature bath provided. It is truc 
that those fait sparkling eyes, white neck, coral lips, turgent paps, rose- 
coloured cheks, &c., of thomselves are potent enticers ; but when a comely, 
artificial, well-composed h»ok, pleasing gesture, an affected carriage shail bo 
added, it nmst needs be far more forcible than it was, when those curious 
needleworks, variety of colours, purest dyes, jewels, spangles, pendants, lawn, 
lace, tiffanios, f-air and fine linen, embroideries, calamistrations, ointments, &c. 
shall be added, they will make the veriest dowdy otherwise, a goddess, when 
nature shall be fuhered by art. For it is net the eye of itself that enticeth 
te lust, but an "adulterous eye.," as Peter terres it, 2. il. 14. a wanton, a 
rolling, lascivious eye: a wandering eye, which Isaiah taxeth, iii. 16. Christ 
himself, and the ¥irgin Mary, had most beautifnl eyes, as amiable eyes as 
any persons, saith  Baradius, that ever lived, but withal se modest, se chaste, 
that who.soever looked on them was freed frein that passion of burning lust, 
if we may believe Gerson and bBonaventure: there was no such antidot 
againt it, as the Virgin 5iary's face; 'ris net the eye, but carriage of it, as 
thçy useth it, that causeth such ffects. When Pallas, Juno, Yeuus, were te 
win Pa4s' faveur for the golden apple, as if is elegantly described in that 
l,leasant interlude of puleius, Juno came with majesty upon the stage, 
• [inerva gravity, but Venus dulc« subridens, constitlt ameetè ; et gratissimoe 
Gratiæ det,,t propiti tute, &c. came in smiling with ber gracious graces and 
exquiite music, as if she had danced, et nonnun9eeuam satare solis oculis, and 
which was the main matter of ail, she danced with ber rolliug eyes : they 
were the brkers and harbingers of her stite. Se she make ber brags in a 
modern poet, 
u d Soon could I raake my brow te tyrannise, 
And force the world de horaage te mine eye  
The eye is a secret orator, the first bawd, Anoris port, and with private 
looks, winking, glances and smiles, as se many dialogues they make up the 
match many times, and understand one another's meanings, before they coe 
te speak a word. Enrialus and Lucrutia were se mutually enamoured by 
the eye, aud prepared te give each other entertainment, before ever they had 
conference: he asked ber good will with his eyes ; she did s,ffragari, and 
gave consent with a l,leasant look. That f Thracian Rodolphe was se excellent 
at this dumh rhetoric, "that if she had but looked upon any one almost (saith 
Calsiris) she would bave bewitched him, and he could net possibly escape it." 
For as gSalvianus observes, ï the eyesare the windows of out seuls, by which 
as se many channels, ail dishonest concupiscence gets into out hearts." They 
reveal out thoughts, and as they say, .frons ani»d index, but the eye of the 
conntenance, t (2uid trrocacus tt,ere ocdlis ? &c. I may say the saine 
smiling, gait, nakedness of parts, plausible getures, &c. Te laugh is the 
• Harm evangei, lb. 6. cap. 6. • Serra. de concei vi g. Physiognomla virginis otaries movet ad casti- 
ratera, b& sent. d. 3. q. & rairum, virgo formoissirna, se It nmine concupita.  Met. 10. 
d RomoDd's comp]aint, by Sain. DanieL *Eneas Si]v. f He]iodor. 1. 2. lodo|phe Thracl& tare 
iuevitabili fascino iustrnet, tarn e:acte ocuIIs lntucns attraxit, ut s! in illaa quis intid s:ct, flert non 
quin caperetur, g Lib. 3. de providvtia: ,fimi fencaLt-oe oculi, et umllia lmproba cupittitaa per 
t,muam cana]cl intro:t, la 



Mem. 2. Sabs. 3.] ArloEcia! .41luremenls. 52.3 

proper passion of a man, an ordinary thing te stalle; but those cotmterfeit, 
composed, aflëcted, artificial and reciprocd, those counter-mes are the dumb 
shows and prognostics of ter matters, w they most pa e, te 
veigle aad deceive; though many fond loyers again are se fiquontly mis- 
taken, and ied into a fool's ptrade. For  they sec bu a fait mMd laugh, 
or show a pleant contenance, e seine gracio words or gestures, they 
apply if ai[ te themselves,  doe ioE t[teir fvour; se e loves the ho 
i willing, eoming, &c. 
"Sttu undo det quoà pehra nell ala flde I "Whcn a fod   flr md for  
tm ftu credit  qud amare çet;" He thin he loves , 't but  
They mke an a of it, as the poet telleth , 
Qtrit arque fille bac quoque pae deeor." And ek a plet g' W tt me 
And 'tis as great an enticement as any of the test, 
-- "k subsit molle pue 
Cor tibl ritb lit." 
"She makes thine hrt leap with a pleasg gentle smile of hers." 
,, m Dulce dentem len amabo, 
Dul .Ioquentem," 
"I love lage as muclt for smiling, as for diseosing," del«tata ilL 
tan bndum, as he id in Petronius of his mistre beg well pleed, she 
gnve se sweet a stalle. It won Ismenius, as he n confesseth, Is 
«m«tum., I8mene smiled se lovingly the sond te I saw her, that 
net choose b,t admire her: and Galla's sweet smile qte overeame °Faustus 
the zhepherd, .Ire 1i motis blcmdè brit ocdl. Ail other gestuoes 
the body will enforoe as much. DaIhis  q Luciu was a ioor ttered wench 
when I knew ber tiret, id Corbile, 19«nnos et I«ca, but new she is a stately 
pieee indeed, hath ber mids te attend her, brave attir, money in her pue, 
&c., and will you know how this came te pa8z "by setting out herzelf afer 
the best ashion, by ber plent caiage, ability, sweet smiling upon ail," 
. bIany womcn dote upon a man for his compliment only, and good be- 
lmviour, they are 'on  an instant; too credulous te beeve that eve lighç 
wanton suitor, who secs or mak love te them, is instantly ennmoed, ho 
eertainly dos on, admes them, will surely my, when  he means notng 
less, 'tLs his ordinary caiage in ail such companiea. Se both ddude h 
other by such outward shows; and amongst the test, an upright, a comely 
græe, courties, gentle lutations, crges, a mcg gait, a deoent and 
affected paoe, are most powerl entieerz, and wch the pphet Iah, 
courtier himse d a 'eat observer, objected te the daughte of Zion fil 
16. "they minced as they went, and ruade a tinkng with the feet." Te 
8y the truth, what can they net effet by sueh means  
"tst nare decks th In theIr st attires 
Ol youth and auty which the world aire¢ ' 
"q Urtvoce, manu, grsu, 19«to'e, fi'on, occis." en a shaH be 
annexed te beauty, whea wil and guiles 81 teneur; for te sk as it is, 
love is a kind of legerdemain; merejuggling, s festion. Vhen they 
Heir fait hand, fine foot and leg withal,tt9nun i eum  
saith r Bslthnr Castio, llb. 1. th set us s longing, "and  when they 
pull up their pettioeats and outward ents,"  ually they de te sho 
thcir fine stocking and thooe of purest sken dye, gold fi'inges, les, em- 
roiderings (it zhall go hard but when they go te church, or te any other 
poe, I shall be seen), 'ti8 but a springe te catch woodoeeks; and  s Chry- 
i Ovid de ae amanoE k Pmi. 3. Sa 1 Vel oentum Chafltes fldere pntareç M«sens of 
m lier. Od. 22. lib. 1. a Etuthl I. 5. t Manan. P Tom. 4. meHL aL Ezoando seipm 
eieganter, falem et hilaire  reudo er ¢ncto idendo suave se bland qd, . 
rVel d foe vestimentum de inda eleçet, nt pedum ac fibiam p iqua c»nspIclatur, dtm] tem- 
plum stt Iocum aliqtem leEt. œeSe quod non foeminoe rb oehabient. Non l,»quu 



B24 Lore-3lelandwI#. [Pax 3. Sec. 2. 
ostom teileth them downright, "though they say nothing with theh" mouths, 
they sk in the gait, they speak with their ey, they spk in tho car- 
go of the boxes." And what shall we y otherwise of that bafing of 
their nec, shoders, nakoe brets» ar and wrts» to what end o they 
but only fo tempt men fo lust ! 
,' t Nain qd lteolu sine, et Ip 
oe te fe e lite ppHl 
H t oer pot, po ado; 
ere needs no more,  uFredericus Matenesius we]l oberve bxt a crier to 
go belote them so dree to bid us look out, a tml,et to sound, or for 
fect a sow-gc]der to Çlow, 
** x Look ou look out and s I In ch and gaudy clth 
Wt obj thb may   Bot whither away God knows, 
& gnt dy gooe 
or to what end and purpose But to lve all these fanttil raptus, 
prooecute my intended theme. akedns, as I bave d,  an oous thing 
of itoelf, eium amor; yet if may be so d,  pa, d at t te, 
that there OEn be no such enticement  if 
t, y NOe ml  Dia plac noe nuda Cyther 
a volupt 1 habet, h 
David so çied Bathsheb, the eldcr Sus: =ApeB was enmoured 
th Camppe, when he w to pa ber naked. Tiberi in . cap. 42. 
supped with Sestius Gaus an old lecher, linoso s,  e u 
ad»inGtraT'en : me y  much of ero, and Pontus uter of Carol 
Puax Amongst the bylouians itwas the customofome lcivioqueans 
to dance frMng i that faon, ith Curtius, lib. 5. and Sardus  r. 9em. 
l. l. vrit of other  that effec. The  Tusoe at some set banquets had 
naked women to attend upon them, which Leonic  Va« . lib. 3. 
96. oerms of such other bawdy nations. ero would bave filthy pictm 
till hnging in his chamber, which  too commonly used  out tim, and 
Heogabal, ai«m o agen , u  ven«em imitaT'ett : So thgs y 
be abtmed. A servant maid in toenetus spied ber mter ad mts 
through the key-hole b men-ily dissed; upon rite siht she fell in love th 
her mter. toninus CaraoElla observed his mother-inAaw with ber 
brts amorously 1Md open, he w so much moved, that he sMd l si 
O at I ight; which he by chance overhearing, reçlied  imçudently, 
« uqu lib let, thou mayt do what thou wt: and un that tempta- 
tion he mried ber: th objet w not  cae, hot the tng itse but 
that unseem]y, decent OErrie of 
Vhen you bave ail done, veniu à  saçitoE, the eatt provocations 
of lt are m oto" appare[; God kes, they y, mn shap, d there 
no motive e to it; 
 • lch  eveu bu beaufi, 
&noE most bewitch a etch eye.  
 filthy kve, a deformed quea a cmoked rc, a maukin, a wltch, a 
xvtten posg  hedgestake ay be so set out and tHcked up, that if 
nake  r a show, as much enamour  the rt : many a sy feHow is so 
tken. mum luxuz auiun, one ca it, the t nre of hmt; 

tJovlanus Pottanus Baiar. lib. !. ad Herm|onem. « For why do you exhib[t yottr 'milky way, ° your 
uucoveretl bosomsP What sise is it but to eay plairdy, k me, ask me, I wiIl surrender; and wlmt i that 
but Iove'a call P " tt De ltxxu vestium discur& 6. ihll aliud deeet nisi ut proeco vos proecedttt, & 
x |fyou can tell how, you msy sing thls to the tune tf aow-gelder blows, YAttson. eplg. 98. " leither 
draped Diantt nor naketl Venus pleaes me. One hva too much voluptuousnem ttbout het- the other noue." 
• Plir lib. 33. cap. 10. Gampe.«leu nudtm picturus Apelles, amore eJus Illaqueatus est.  In Tyrrhenis 
eonç'iiis nr,«oe mtoEeres mlnlstrabant, b Amatrtt mlscentes vidit, et in Ipi« complexlbus audit,  
• aorit iude cuptdo in ICtus virgtn • Eitst" L lib 2. d $I,.u tian. • »ld,lcy's &rcad. 



Mena. 2. Suba. 3.] , ArliialAllur¢ments. 525 
f Bossus, aucupum anmarum, lethaem artndiw, a fatal ed, the greates 
bzvd, frte lenodnium, sa,gui»e lachTmls p&randu»» saith g Iatenesius, 
and with tests of blood fo ho deplored. No tt coliae of clothcs 
therefore fo ho ¢ondemned, and thos usual ornaments : thero la a decency 
aad deoemm  t as well  ia other things, fi tobe used becoming several 
persoa aad befittiag ther etates ; he is ofly faatticl that is hot la fhion, 
aad Hke as old image ia ar haagiags, whea a mariner of attire is gcaerally 
reived ; but whea they are  new-fungled,  unsid,  wodigious in their 
attires, beyoad their mea and fortua, uabefittg their age, place, qualit.),, 
condition, what should wo otherwise thiak of them ? Why do they adora 
themsels with  maay oeloum of herbs, fictitious flowers, cnrious 
works, quaiat devices, sweet smdg odoum, with thoso inestimable riches of 
pecioas ston, prls, bie¢ moads, ememl, &c.  Why do theycrowa 
themls with gold aad sflver, e oeronets aad tir of veral fhion,, 
deck thema,«lvea with pendans, brelets, r-rings, chMns, giles, ringa, pins, 
si)angles , embroideries, shadows, rebatoes, veicolour bands ] why do they 
make such glorious shows, with the srfs, fthem, ans, mk% fuis, laces, 
tiEmies, ruffs, çall OEils, uffa, damasks, velvets, tiels, cloth of gold, silver 
tissue  with colours of hevens, stars, plnets : the strength of metals, stones, 
odours, flowem, bitS, beats, fi»hes, aad whatsoever Ati-ioE, Asia, America, 
ses, had, ar and ia«lut T of ma can afford  Vhy do they use and covet 
such novelty of inventi,,ns ; such new-fangled rires, and spend sud inesti- 
mable sums on them  " To wh end are those crisped, faloe hait-», painted 
tces," as à the tirist obsees, « such a comp gait, no a step awry" 
Why are they like so maay Sybarites, or eco's Poppoe, Ahasuerus' concn- 
biae so costly,  long a dresiag, as Coesar was marhalling his army, or 
hawk la pruaing  l Data mollunr, dura co»uer, an es$ : a  gardcner 
hk hot so much dellght or pains in  gardes, a horseman to dmus hi 
horse, sœur s armour, a mariner about his ship, a merchant his shop aud 
shobook, as they do about their faces, aad ail those other pars : such set- 
tiag up with oerks, strMghtenig with whMebones ; hy  it, but  a daynet 
ctcheth larks, to make yo(mg mes soep unto them  Philrus, a llant 
lu Astoenetus, advised hb friend Ponus t ke heed of such entioements, 
"for it w the swt uad and motioa of his mistrs's spangles and bran- 
lera, the smefi of ber ointmen that captiva him tiret, Iila jhie n$ prima 
rt«na meæ. uid sibi vuh pixum turba, saith mI,uoEan, "to what uso aro 
pia¢ pos, gls, ointmea, irons, combe bods, tting-sticks ? why 
bestow they ail the triraoni d hbands' yerly œevenu on such 
iboleri " abna TaSri»wn sing«l aurus; "hy use they dragons, val)S , 
snake for chain¢ enamdled jewels on the nec» ears " diguam po$ius 
fe f«ro manus st eligari» a utan ia vè dmco sen$ : thcy 
had naore need some of them be tied in bedlam with iron chai, hure a hi 1) 
for a tire, a»d hairoths next to their skias, and instead of w»ught 
bave the chee stigtised with a hot-on ; I say, nae of o Jeze, 
instead of paiating, if they were well seed. But why is ail th labour, ail 
this cost, preparation, 4ding, ning, tr-fetched, aad dear boughç stuff'¢ 
« °BeoEu foroth they would be fait and fin% and whcre natte  defec- 
tir% supply it by art." PSngui q ra nou rube, acte r«b, (Ovid)  and 
fDe imm,,d, muller. ]tu. $ l)lur. 6. de hxu veatium, h Proni, foi. 95. quo apeclant flexoe 
comm? quo facl mem at;ta et ulorum m etulutta 
t'Fer. *' They e  ycar to deck and comb themselv" k P. Arefin Houlus non ira exercetur 
visen horti equ eq, iN nsut iiv[bus  ! Èpis 4. on aillal Ho onantium, 
odor unguentorum, - m Tom. 4. aL Amor. vc plen muoe infccita omnem arito'unl 
opulcntim  h lmpendun aconeN pro monfiibus han q utinam veto draines nt Lucian. 
n Sen«. o Ct de u b. L Mulieris omni ho¢ impris  vo es% ut foo lnt, aut 
i vctp non siu vidtur men oee  et si qua parte nat$ dcfui ais ppet aungunt : de lloe 
ciei uactncN dolor  ŒEEuciat in arct:tndi$ coaàbu, &c. P Ovi epht. 3Ie 



{i26 Lov¢-Ie[ancoby. [Part. 3. Sec. 2. 
to thst purpose they anoint and peint their faces, fo make Helen of Hecuba 
-parva»upe extarn, ClUepgel{araEuropen.  To this intent they crush in 
their teet and bodies, hur and crucify themselves, sometimes in lax clothes, a 
hundred yaxds I think in a gown, a sleeve, and sometimes again so close, ut 
nudos exlrflmant artus, q lVow long tails and trains, and then short, up, 
down, highæ low, thîck, thin, &c. ; now little or no bands, then as big as cart 
wheels ; now loose bcdies, then great fardingales and close girt, &c. Vhy is 
ail this, but with the whore in the Proverbs, to intoxicate some or other ? 
oeulorura decipulam, rose therefore calls it, e2 iadicem libidinis, the trap ni 
lust, and sure token, as an ivy-bush is toa tavern. 
" Qubd pulchr,s Glyeere autans de pixlde vultu, I "0 Glyeere, In that you peint o much, 
Qubd tibi compo$1toe nec sine lege comoe : [ Your hair la en bedeekt in order ueh, 
Qubd niteat digat adam% Bervlhm In aur With rin-s oit rinçure, braeelet$ in your car, 
on aura dlvinu, se4 sein quil eupi.  Although no prophct, tell I cas, I [e¢.  
To be ahnired, fo bo gazed on, to eireumvent some novice ; as many rimes 
they do, that instead of a lady" he loves a cap and a feather, itead of a maid 
tha should bave verum colorera, corpus solidura et succi plenum (as Choerea 
deseribe his mistress in the Spoet), a painted face, a ruff-band, air and fine 
lines, a coronet, a flower (t 2Vaturceqe. putat quod.fuit art;.fw£s), a wrought 
waitcoat he dotes on, or a pied pettieoat, a pure dye instead of a proper 
woman. For genemlly, as with rieh-furred conies, their cases are far better 
than their bodies, and like the bark of a einnamon tree, whieh is dente rthan 
the whole bulk, their outward aeeoutrements are far more ptcious thaa their 
inward endowments. 'Tis ton commonly 
• , u Auferlrnur eulm et gemmls, auroque teguntur I °° With gold end jewels ail le cnvered, 
Oluni ; pars minraa est ipa puolla stti." [ And Wlh  strange lire we re wo/l 
(WhLle she's the leas part of hersclf) 
And with sttch baubles quite undune." 
Why do they keep in en long together, a who]e winter 8ometimes, and wi]l 
ont be seen but by torch or cand/elight, antl corne abrod with all the pre- 
paration may be, when they bave no busine, but only in show themselve_z  
,b'pectatum venut, ve£unt spectentur ut ipsœe. 
"• For what is teant7 If it be ont secs, 
Or what is't to be secs, if ont adndr'd, 
And thoagh admir'd, ualesa in love tlesir'd " 
why do they go with such counterfeit gait, whieh YPhilo Judoeus reprehends 
them for, and use (I say it again)sueh gestures, apish, ridieulous, iode'cent 
attires, sybaritical tric -Le, ficos genis, purpuissam veni, cerussara fronti, leges 
oculis, &c., use tbose sweet perfumes, powders, and ointments in public, floek 
fo hear serinons so frequent, is it for devotion  or rather, as zBasil telle them, 
to meet their sweethearts, and sec fashlons ; for as he saith, commonly they 
corne en provided to that place, with such curions compliments, with sueh 
gesturea and rires, as ff they shou]d go to a daeing-sehool, a -tage-ply, or 
bawdy-house, titrer than a ehureh. 
« When such a she-prlet cornes ber ma$$ to say, 
Twenty to OSe they all forger to pray." 
" They make th(e holy temples, conseerated to godly martyre and rdiom 
usea: the shops of impudence, dens of whores and thieves, and little hette 
than brothel houses." When we shMl sec tbese things daily donc, their 
bande bankrupts, ff ont eornutos, their wives light housewives, daughters dis- 
honest ; ad hear of sueh dissolute nets, as daily we do, how should we think 
otherwise ? what iz their end, but to deceive and inveig]e young mes  As 
• ** A listorted dwarf, an Europ&" qModo caudata9 tunica &e. Bossu rScribaniu, 
Chri*t. cap. 6. s "/'er. EUU Act. . 9ce. 3.  Stroza fil u Od. • S. DanieL Y Lib. de 
s'icflmia. Fracto lncessu, obtuita lascivo, calamL-rata, ciocinnata, f-ucata, receus lots, purpuriat pre- 
li,»oqneamlcta pallioo, epirans unguenta, ut juveuum animes circumvenlat, • Orat. in ebrio Impu- 
tlç:nter e ma.(:u]orllm aspectibus exponunt, lnsolenter cornes Jsctalates, trahnt tunlcas pedibus collidemes, 
es, q In remplis memori martyram con.cratl ; pomoerium civttatl olcinam ftcerunt impudentim 



]Iem. 2. Stbs. 3.] A rt i, fi «ial A llurernents. 527 
tow takes tire, sueh entieing objeets produee thelr effect, how ean 
Vhen Venus stood before Anehises (as  Homer feigns in one of his hymns) 
in ber costly robes, he was instantly taken, 
"Chm ante Ipum staret Jovls fllia, vidcns eam I "' W'hen Vcuus tood be£ore Anchises flrt 
Anch,ses, ahnirabatur formaml et StUl3enda vestes I }le wa amazed to 
Erat enlm induta peplo0 lffnei8 radiis splendidiore; I For she had on a bond as red as tire, 
Habcbat quoque torque fulgtdos, flexiles hd,ees, I And glittering chains, and ivy-twisted ptres, 
Tenerum collum ambicbant monlfia pulchra, About her tender neck were co.tly brooelacs, 
Aurea, var|egata, °' And nec.klace/, o! gold, euamelYd ouehea" 
So wlaeu Medea cme in pïeoence of 5azon first, attended by ber nymphz au4 
ladies, as she is described by Apollouius, 
'" Cuncta$ verb Igfi Instar sequcbatur plendoro I "A lustre followed them like flamtug tire, 
Tantum ab autel8 fimbrii resplendebat jubar0 [ .And frorn their golden bordera came neh beame, 
Accendttque in ocnlt dttlce destderittrm" latelx in I eyes 13rovok'd a aweet desire." 
Such a relation we hxve in ¢ Plutarch, when the quees cme and oflèred them- 
sehres to Antony, "« with diverse i,reoents, xnd enticing ornements, Asiatie 
allurements with such wonderful joy and festivity, they did an inveigle the 
Iomans, that no man could contain himself, all was turned to delight and 
pleasure. The women transîormed themsehres to ]3acchus shape, the men- 
children to Styrs and lans ; but _ntony himself ws quite besotted with 
Cleopatr£s wcet speeches, p]ailters, beauty, pleasing tires : for when s]ae sailed 
long the river Cydmts, vith such incredible pomp in x gilded ship, herself 
dvèsed llke Venus, hec maids like t-he Grace, ber page like o mny Cupide, 
Anthony was amazed, and rapt beyond himself." ]eliodot-az, lib. 1. brings 
DoEmeneta, stepmother to Cnemon, "whom she e saw in his scart's, ring, robes, 
au,1 coronet, quite mad for the love of him." If ws Judith's pntofles 
rari»hed the eyes oî lo]oîernes. And fCardan is hot azhamed to confess, 
tiret seeing his wife the first time ail in white, he did admire and instantly 
love ber. If tbese outwxrd ornamentswere notofsuchforce, why dothgaomi 
give Ruth counsel how to please ]3oaz and hJudith, seeking to captivate 
Jto]ofcrnes, washed and anointed ]nerself with sweet oiutments, dressed ber 
hair, and put on cotly attires. The riot itt thi kind bath been excoezive in 
times past  no man almost came abroad, but curled and anointed, 
 ! Et rnatutino sudans Crispinus amomo, 
Qaantum vix redvlent duo funera," 
"one spent as much as two funerals st once, and with perfuaaed hairs,"kel ro&a 
canos oàorat catffllos «4ssyrlaque nardo. 3A'hat strange things doth ]Sueton. 
relate in this matter of Callgula' riot  And Iliny, lib. 1. & 13. ead more 
in Diooeorides, Ulmus, Arnoldu, lndoletiu de.fueo et àecoratone 
now an art, as it was of old (an ha 8enec records), oJ)ïcince sunt odores 
¢iura. Women are bd and men wore, un differece t aH between their au4 
out times ; "agood manner (as 8eneca compla2ns) are extlnet with wanton- 
ness, in tricking up themzelves rnen go beyond women, they wear harlot' 
colours, and do hot walk, but jet and dance," hic »ulier, hcec vit, more like 
players, butterlies, baboons, apes, anti than men. So ridiculots, moreove; 
we are in out attires, and for cost zo excessive, that as ][ierome sid of nid, 
Uno fdio villarwm ins'ant y».etia, uno lino decies sestertiûm inseritar ; "tis as 
ordinary thing to put a thou8and oaksand ahundred oxen into a sui of apparel, 
fo wear a whole manor on lais back- What with shoe-ties, hangers, points, 
caps and feathers, oearçs, bands, cuffs, &c., in a shor space Cheir whole ptri- 
monies ax eonzumeŒEE ]eliogabMus is taxe4 by Lami»rid£tts , and admired 
• Hymno Vener| dicsto, b Argonaut. 1.4. e Vit. nton. d RegSa domo oratuque certante, sese se 
formarn $uarn Antonio nfl'erevtee. &c. Crn ornatu et incredihili pompa per Cydnum flnvttma 
aurata pnIJpi, tpsa ad rmilltudincm Vencri ornata, puelloe Gratiis eimile pueri Cupidinibu$, Antonis 
vi.um tupefactus. • Amictum Chlamyde et cornais quum prtmtma aspexit Cnemonem, ex potestate 
lnentisexcidit, fLib. dehb. prop. gRnth, lil. 3. bc&p./x.b, IJuv. Sat. 6. kUor. lib..od.ll. 
! Cap. 27. m Epist. 90. a Qtticquid est boni morte levitate extinguitur, et politura corports mttlebres 
tnundttiç sntecesslmu coloees meretrlcioe vlrl eumimu tenero et molli gradn eUl>endimun gradum, non 
amba:amu& nat. qu.t, llb. 7. ca 9, 31. 



Sec. 

his age for wearlng jeweis in his shoes, a common th]ng in our rimes, hot for 
emperors and princes, but almost for serving men and tailors; al] the flowers, 
stars, constellations, gold and precious stones do condescend to set out the:r 
shoes. To repl-ess the luxuryofthose Roman marrons, there was °Lex Valeria 
and Oppia, and a Cato fo contradict ; but no laws wi[l serve to repress the pride 
and insolency of our days, the prodigious riot in this kind. Lucullus's ward- 
robe is put down by out ordinary citizens; and a cobblet:s wife in Venice, a 
comesan in lrlorence, is no whit infcrior fo a queen, if olr geographers say 
true: and why is al] this 3 "Why do they glory in their jewels (as p he saith) 
or exult and triumph in the beauty of clothes  why is all this cost to incite 
men the sooner fo burning lust. They pretend decency and ornament ; but 
let them take heed, that while they set out their bodies they do hOt damn the/r 
souls;" 'ris q Bernard's counsel: "shine in jewels, stink in conditions ; have 
purple robes, and a torn conscience." Let them take heed of Isaiah's pro- 
phecy, that their slippers and attires be hot takcn from thcm, sweet bails, 
bracelets, ear-rin, veils, wimples, crsping-pins, glasses, fine linen, hoods, 
lawns, and sweet savours, they become hot bald, burned, and stink npon a 
sudden. And let maids beware, as rCyprian advseth, "that while they 
wander too Ioosely abroad, they lose hOt their virginities :" and like Egyptian 
temples seem fait without, but prove rotten carcases within. How much 
better were it for them to follow that good counsel of Tertullian "To bave 
their eyes painted with chastity, the Wod of God inserted into their ears, 
Christ's yoke tied to the hair, fo subject themselves fo their husbands. If 
they would do so, they should be comely enough, clothe themselves with the 
silk ofsanctity, damask of devotion pul'ple ofpiety and chastity, and sopainted, 
they shal] bave God himself fo be a suitor :" "let whores and queans prauk up 
themselves, tlet them paint their faces with minion and ceruse, they are but 
fuels of lust, and sigs of a corrupt soul : if ye be good, honest, virtuous, and 
rel]gious matl'ons, let sobr]ety, modesty and chastity ho your honour, and God 
himself your love and desire." 2Iulier rectè olet, b n$hil olet, then a woman 
smells best, when she bath no perfume ai al]; no crown, chain, or jewel 
(Guivarra adds) is such an ornament to a virn, or vh'tuous woman, ua»t 
virgin pudor, as chastity is: more credit in a wise man's eye and judgment 
t.hey get by their plainness, and seem fairer than they that are set out with 
baubles, as a butcher's meat s with pricks, puffed up, and adorned like so 
many jays with variety of colours. It is reported of Cornelia, that virtuous 
Roman lady, great Scipio's daughter, Titus empronius' wife and the mother 
of the Gl'acchi, that being by chance in company with a companion, a strange 
gentlewoman (some light housewife belike, that was dressed like a May lady, 
and, as most ofour gentlewomen are, "was u more solicitous of ber head-tire than 
of ber health, that spent ber rime between a comb and a glass, and had rather 
be fait than honest as Cato said), and have the commonwealth turned topsy- 
turvy than her rires marred) ;" and she did nought but brag of her fine robes 
and j ewels, and provoked the Roman lnatron to sh ow hel: Corn elia kepi her 
in talktill ber children came from school, and these, said she, are my jewels, 
and so deluded and put off a protd, vai, fantastical housewffe. Iow much 

 libiosum ,noendi  }I Bom de imnoder. er. ctflu, q Ep tf3. fnt mo]ib 
oHb soren prpurat vti& nscna pno» p. 3. 17. r De rirai habitu ; dnm  
cti d evsg n vo]k dunt  n Cleme enu fib. de pchr, an 
lbioE oe Lib. de ctu muli oos depioE vundi fen m a onem deL aecten 
nib Ju Chéri, put mat bjent, sic fe et t ez oa : vte vos   
i, by»sino ncU puapuoe; ttpdeumhabebitisre 
k tbt Romoe it ; pp ac ce ora pent, fomen fi et ptoe men 
in; vesl oen de ei puciti  e. B Pu u 
de cat i dœcoee qm ,te e ter t et eum diem rd nior  
qum houttor  rempub, minus ba curant q  n 



5Iem. 2. Eubs. 8.] Art;jTcial Allurem, nt». 5o9 

hetter were if for our marrons te de as she did, te go cvilly and decently, 
 lIonestœe mulieris instar çuoe utitur auto pro eo quod e, ad ca tantum quibus 
opus et, go me gold m ig la gold, and for that me if es, and when they 
need it, than to consume it h flot, beggar their hbads, prostiguto them- 
solv, Javelle oghem, and perdventure dama their own aos I How much 
moro wod it be fo the honour aad credit I Thua doing, 
of Blesil, " Furi did hot so triumph over the Gauls, Papydm of the 
nitoa, cipio of uantia, m 8he did by ber temperance;" pulla semper ves, 
&c., they should t and domheor over lt, fofiy, v-glo, ail auch 
ordinate, furioua nd ruly pioas. 
But I ara over geo,I con fess, and whig I stand gaphg er e dothes, 
ther  another eag afiurement (in the world's eye ag least), which h 
fo hve stolea oug of aight, and tht is money, veniunt à dote sittœe, money 
mak the mach; Movv gg0v ««oe,: t eucetothemt, cum 
carne ndimentum, a good dow: T with a fe. Iany men ff they de hear but 
of a eat portion, a ch heir, e more mad than they had a the beauteous 
ornament, and those good ps a and nature can afford, they %are net 
for honty, bgg up, bih, beauty, pemon, but for money. 
 b Can et equos ( Ce) qrlm « Our dogs and hor still from the bt 
obil e à bon progenie;  e earefiflly see nd well mxy they speed: 
lm veto uxorem, miique ptr li ut for our 'iv,  t]wy prive wlthy 
Ducere on curer r bonus,  or fo, we cro uo wha tey 
MoŒo ci magnam dotera afferat." 
If she bo rich, then she is fir, fine, absoluto nd peffect, then they bure ]ike 
re, they love ber drly, ke ]»ig and ]»le, and are ready  bang themselve 
@ they may hot hve ber. othing so familiar in these days,  for a young 
man to mar an old w@e,  they y, for a pieoe of gold ; aslnum auro onus- 
tutu; and though she be an old crone, and hve never a tooth  ber head, 
neither good conditions, nor z good tce, a natal fool, but only rich, she 
bave twenty young gallan to be suito  an instant.  8he id  e- 
to, non me, sed mea ambiunt, "t hot for ber sake, but for ber lan or 
money; and aa excellent match if were (as he added) if 8he were away. So 
on the other side, many a yo lvvely md w ct awy hete 
old, dotg, decrepit dzard, 
* o Bis pu effrto qugms bglttt ore, 
tht is rheumatic and gouty, th me twenty emes, erhaps but one eye, 
one leg, never a nose, no h on s hd, t   brins, nor honty, 
he hve land or dmoney,he H bave  belote aH oter ito, 
$it dit'es borbarus ille laeet. « If he be rlch, he la the man," a fin e ma and 
a pror m» 8he wl go to Jcakt or Tidore with h; GaleM» 
monte .aura. 8 Gil Goosep, Sir Amoro LFool, shaH hve ber. 
d m Phemmi  ttoenetus ld Emmusm, absç arçento o»mia 
vatt% bang  that bath no money, "'ris fo no purpose to ta of marage 
without means," gtrouble me hot th such motion; let othe do m they 
woE "I'I1 be sure to bave one shll maiin me fine ad bve." $Iost are 
of ber mind, ae moribus ultima fier çuti% for a conditions, 8he 
inqe t them another rime, or whe oe  done, the mat moee, d 
eve body gone home. iLucian's Lycia wm a çroper young maid, and had 
many fine geatlemeg to ber 8tors ; Ethecl, a sonator'8 n, Mesus, 
merchant, &c. ; but she foook them a for one Pim, a be, ute, bd- 
x Luclan. • No alc Foel de GalHs, non Pap de Samlb Sclp[o de umantla tumphi 
 ill o icendo in hc çrte.  Acrn. 4. i tum autre.  Aoe cum  v viver 
mecum, b Tbg. o Co. I. 9. de Rub. Ag. d Uzor dut Daen, &  Ovi,L 
f Ep. 14. forain spcant  per i ego pe, &¢.  mi uegofi f. g Qui 
earet gento, uff utit . h Juvis. i Tom. . meL . mtos $mato r 



530 Love-Ielanc»o!y. [Pas. ô. Se. 2. 
pated knave; but why w if  « H father lately dled and left him sole 
heir of hLs goods and nd8." This  not amongst your dt worms alone, 
poor snak that wi prostitute their uh for moaey, bu wih t b:dt you 
may OEh o most point, puint, and filtrio princes. That proud 
upta dooeg Bhhop of Ely, in the rime of Richard the Fiat, vicety 
  absence,  Nubrige relas iÇ,  fortify sel d mainta 
tne, ropinquarum suarum connubi, plu»os sibi potentes et nobila 
dencire curaw, maed h poor nswomen(whieh oeme foh of orndy 
by drov)  the ceft nobles of the land, and they were glad  aceept 
of such tches,  or fou for themlv, thek so, nephews, 
qu m roec[aram anitem sub spe magnoe promotion non opret ? Who 
would hot haro donc  much for money and preferment   mine author 
oer, g of Bri,marfied Rowena the daughter of Henst the Sxon 
pce,  moM eaemy; but whefo she h Ken for herdow T. 
Iageo, the t De of Lithuan 1386, w ghtily emoured on 
edeng imuch that he tnrned Chrtn from a Pagan, and w bapted 
hieH by the naine of Ula]au d ail h subjects for hec ke: but why 
w it ] she w daughter and he of Pond, and his deke w  bave both 
kingdoms incorrat into one. Charl the Gret w an earnest suitor fo 
Irene the Emprs, but, ith mZonam, oh regnum, fo aex tho empo of 
the Et  that of the Wt. et what is the event of a ch maths, that 
a so ruade for money, goods, by deceit, or for bug lust, quos oeda lido 
co»junit, what foows '1 they are almost m at  but 't a mere flh 
 chaff and straw soon fired, bura vehemently for a while, yet out in a 
moment;  are  such match ruade by those a]lemen of bning lust; 
where them  no respect of honty, pareng% ue, religion, eduoetio 
and the like, they are extinhed  an itant, d td of love cornes 
hate; for joy, repentanoe and desperation item. Francisera Barba  hh 
fit ok de re uxo, c. 5, bath a story of one Plip of Padua that fell 
love th a commoa who, d was now rey  n mad for ber;  father 
hag no more so let him enjoy her; "nbut ar a few days, the young 
man ben  loath, c«»uld hot so much  endure the sight of her, and flore one 
madns fe]] o another." Such event commoy bave ail these loyers; and 
he tt  m, or for such respects, let them look for no better sucss 
than Meneua had th Hele Vulcan with Ven, The with Phoed, 
5Iinoa with Pip, and Claudi th M1 sme, n-ow, ry, 
melancholy, doatent. 
SUBS. IV.Importunity and Oportunity of Time, Place, Coferc 
course, Singing, anng, 3lic, Amo Tale, Olffec, 
nilrily Tokens, resen, rib, romùes, Prottag, Tears, c. 
ALL these allurements hitherto are afar o and ara tance; I wi oemo 
nrer  those oer dee of love, wch are cooEerenoe, ing, da 
due, sng, danc, amom tal, objec, prn, &c., wch  so 
y Sy s away the hs of men and wvmem For,  Tacitt 
oboe, £ 2, "°It  no sufficient trl of a mMd's affection by ber ey 
one, but you must y metg that sh be more available, and e such 
other forciMe engins; therefore e ber by the hand, g ber 
k Lib. , p. ] . qu »obium  por oebi aut io aut e ugorem lpere cupl obltam 
iqua propquam  on iperet obvii$ manibI Quum bam acciverat è Nonl in 
Augfiam ej re afi 1Alexder 6uia Sat. Eo dpt, m Tom. . .  Libido 
stat deferbui% um pi et quod   ntopere adamavit peat, et ab tuae rg 
gor t. o De p volante pum f  o non  t d ei quid 



lIem 2. ubs. .] Artgqc;al llluremcnt. .._ 31 

hard, and sigh withal; if che accept this in good part, and seem net te be 
much averse, then call her mitress, take ber about the neck and kiss hot," 
&c. But this canner bo donc except they tiret get opporttmity of living, or 
comlng together, ingress, egreas, and regress; lettera and commendation 
may de m,ch, outward gestures and actions: but when they corne te lire 
near ono another, in the saine etreet, village, or together la a house, love 
kindled on a sudden, lKany a serving-man by tesson of this opportunity and 
importuuity inveigles hia mater'e daughter, many a gaIlnt loves a dowdy, 
many a gentleman rune upon his wife's maids; many ladies dote upon their 
men, as the quoen in &riosto did upon the dwarf, many matches are se ruade 
in baste, and they are compelled as it were by Pnecessity se te love, which haut 
they been free, corne in company of otbors, seen that variety which many 
1,laces afford, or compared them te a third, would never havelooked one upon 
another. Or had net that opportunity ofdiscourse and familiarity been offered, 
they would bave loathed and contemned those whom, for want ofbetter choico 
and other objecte, they are fatally driven on, and by reason of their hot blood, 
idle life, full diet, &c., are ïorced te dote upon them that corne next. And 
raany times those which et the tiret eight canner fancy or affecç each other, 
but are harsh and ready te disagree, offended with each other'e carriage, liko 
]eedict and Beatrice in the qcomedy, and in whom they find many faults, 
by thi living together in a bouse, conference, kissing, colling, and such liko 
allurements, begin at last te dote insensibly one upon another. 
If was tbo greatest motive that Potiphar'e wife had te dote upon Joseph, 
and r Clitlphon upon LeuciplaO his uncle'e danghter, because the plague being 
af Bizance, if waa his fortune for a rime te sojoura with ber, te sit next ber at 
the table, a» he telle the tale himself in Tatius, lib. 2. (which, though it be but 
a fiction, la grounded upon good obsecvation, and doth well express the 
of loyers,) he had oppottmity te take ber by the hand, and after a whflo te 
Irise, and handle ber pape, &c., which ruade him almost maA. Ismenius the 
orator makes the like confession in Eustathins, lib. 1, when he came first te 
Sosthene'e house, and at et table with Cratistes his friend, Ismene, Sosthene's 
daughter, waiting on them "with ber breasta open, arme halï bare;' zVuda 
Tedem, dsclncta sinum, spoliera lavertos: after the Greek fashion in those 
rimes,-- ' nudos mdia plus parte facettes, as Daphne was when she fled frein 
t'hoebus (which moved him ranch), was ever ready te give attendance on him, 
te fill him drink, ber eyes were never off him, rogabundi oculi, thoso speaking 
eye,, conrting eyes, enchanting eyes; but she was still smiling on him, and 
vhen they were risen, that uho had got a little opportunity, " he cane 
and drank te him, and withal trod upon his toes, and would corne and go, and 
when she could net speak for the company, she would wring lais hand," and 
b|ush when she met him: and by this means tiret she ovorcame him (blbens 
anwrera haurie5an sirauO, she would kiss the cup and drink te him, and 
smi]e, « and drink where he drank on that side of the cup," by which mutuel 
compressions, kissings, wrinng of bande, treading of feet, &a Ipsam mih 
videbar sorbillaxe vi'ginem, I aipped and sipped o long, till ai length I was 
drunk in love upon a udden. lhilochariaus, in yAristœenetus, met a fait 
xvaid by chance, a mero stranger te him, he looked back et ber, she looked 
back af him again, and miled withaL 
« • IlIe die lethi prtmu primulue ma]orum 
Cause fuit" -- 



3 ore-.'Idanclwl#. [Part. 3. Sec. 

mu.t needs be a great enticcment. Parthenis was so taken. 8 Mî voz {sta 
a u  ae anim ; 0 sr Harpedona(she lents) I ara don 
,, t ho seetly he s, I' s a bold wor he is the propret man that 
ever I w h mylge: 0 how sweetly he sine, I die for  ke, O tt he 
wod loçe me agah !" If thou ,]st but h ber sing, th u Lucian, 
"thou wo&t forger father and mother, foe a thy ends, and foow 
ber." Helena  ghly commended by XTheoct the poet for ber swee 
voioe and musicj none oed œey  we  she, and Daœehnis h the saine 
Edyon, 
"Qua tbl  du]ce e et vox amabi fl Daphn  "How sweet a fe th Daphn how lovely a voioe 
Ja  au te en q e} gerel" [ Honey itb ot  plt  my coioe." 
A sweet voioe and uslc are weu] entioe. Those Sa 
wench, tooe, Onthe andAgathocle  
id over helv,  y PluS'ch oenn. Centum lumin&» 
citum ca$ Arg at,  d a h ey, a so cm by one 
sffiy pi, tt he loet  heaoE Cfitiphon complais   Tatius ofucip's 
sweet t "he hea ber play by chanoe ni»on the lute, and sg a pretty 
ng fo it  commendations of a rose, out ofold Anacroen bele; 
"Ro honor deue flo ]  Ro the fst of a fl,,we 
R., flos orque vum. I Ro delight ofhigher powt 
Hominum m t vo}up :R ejoy 
Dus a Gratiam. Ro the ple of fine wome 
ore[ smorls h Ro e G's osmen 
R am Dioneg" . Re Dione swt conn  
To th effect thc lovely g th a meloo air upon ber golden -ed ha 
or lu, I know hot weH whether, play d ng, ad that tpoed 
yond mse "and that raed his h."It w Jon's coue 
ranch as  buty, or any other of  good p which degh Med 
__,, s Deltabar 
 sul fvta dulcibue verb" 
]t w Cleopatra's sweet voioe and œlant speech which veigled tony, 
above the test of ber enticementg V«5a l-iga mbwm, ut ur ua 
fu, " bg ho are bound th tope, ao are men's hearts with 
wor." "Her wor b  e," Eccl. ix. 10. Rox betched 
Soln the Iaoenh and Shore's e by thh en, ne overoeme Edward 
the Fouh, b Omnus u « rri/m Ve. The 
Cucer oeeoE  t out of ber exrienoe. 
Bo f oli de.et  for riche, 
= Peter etœes Lucretia teeth as much and more of hee " oeunr- 
feid bon,y,  ff I d ba virgo rgin, more t a 
looked ke s e, I w so deme and ch, I d add such t 
sech, sis and motio upon  oco, that my sptato and auditora 
ere stup, encnted, fn  to the p, ke so many stoc d 
ston" Iany sffiy gentlewomen oee fetched over 
of  and swaggerg compao, tt equently He noblemen's favou 
rhymg CoatiTonaRon or Bombomachid, that bave 
notg  them but a few pyes en and compen, vain bgocians, 
imgudeat tdem, tt c soeat ble ofhtsdlords'oemba le 

"'l'ne weet und ofhi volce 
canentem dlmua. P mato.o Dts]og« Puellam Cythara 
b Catu]lux 
.Flaqusm virgt. veet 



llem. 2. Subs. 4.] Artijci($l Allurements. 535 
d Lucian's Leontiscus, of other men's trnvel, brave ad enture., and such cern- 
mon tvial news, ride, danoe, g old b tunes, and wear the cloth 
£sbion, with a go gmoe; a fine weet genfleman, a proper man, who eould 
net love him 1 8he w bave h though all ber friends say no, though 
beg with him. Seine aga are ineensed by rg amorous toys, Amas de 
Gaul, Pmerin de Oliv the Knight of the Sun, &c., or heag such tal of 
 loyers, dcriptio of their rsons, lascivious deou, such  Atyanass 
][clen's waiting-woman, by the report of Suid, wt of old, de riis concubitKs 
modis, and after her Phile and Elepntine; or those fight tracts 
Çkrtides Milesius (mentioned by lutarch) and round by tbe ersus in 
Crsus' army amongst the sils, etine's dialo, with ditti, love-songs, 
&c., must needs set them on tire, qth sueh e pictures,  thom of Arethm, 
or wanton objecta of what kind sver; "no stmnger en,ne than  heur or 
rend of love toys, [ables and diseoumes one sth), and many by th mea 
are quite mad." Aç Abdera  Thraoe (Anomeda one of Em5pide trage- 
dies being played) the petors were o much moved with the objet, ami 
thom pathetical love speeches of ëmeus, amener the rest, "0 Cupid, 
of Gods and metb" &c., that every man almost a good whfle after ske pure 
iambics, and raved stfll on e' 8pch, "O Cupid, oe of Gods aud 
me" As oermen, boys and appntices, when a new zong is pubhed with 
us, go singing that new te st  the stmet they contually acted that 
tral part of eme, and in every 's mouth was "0 Cupid,"  every 
tt, "O Cupid," in eve bouse lmost, "0 Cupid P*ee of Gods and 
men," pronouncing stfll like stage-playem, "0 Cupid;" they were se 
poessed ail with that rupture, and thought of that pathetical love sech, 
they could net a long te after forger, or drive it out of their minds, but "O 
Cupid, Priaoe of Gods d men," w ever in thc mouths. Ts le ruade 
Aritotle, Polit. lib. 7. cap. 18. forbid yog men te ee comedies, or te heur 
amoro raies. 
«  lloec tur Juven equam facflque puelloe 
Ispiciaut" 
ne adolcentes venereis insuescant, fo avoid aH ocrions and objets. For 
what wffi hot such an objec dol Ismenius, m he waed in sthene's rden, 
being now in love, when he mw so many klciviom pictures, Thfis' maage, 
and I ow hot what, wm almost beside seoE And to say tth, ith 
lcivious objeet who is hot moved, to sec others day, s, noe  d 
mueh more when he ha como to be aa actor himlf. 
To ki and be se which, amont other lmcivio provocatiom, is 
buen ig a ng, aad a mt forcible batry, m fectious, Xenophon tks, 
m the poison of a spider a great amment, a tire itse prooemium aut 
onticoemm, the proloe of burning lust (m Apuleim ), lt itseR 
m Venus quintoE parte sui ecta i»buit,  strong at, that conque cap- 
tains, and those all commnding forces Çomque erro seddor osculo). 
Amtine's Lucretin, when she wod la dn overcome  tor of he% 
and bave ber desire of , « took h about the nec and sed him 
and aga," and to that, whieh she could hot otherwise effet, she ruade him 
o speey d wfigly ondes And 'ris a continu msault,çh 
à Tom. 4. dll. merlt, • matorlm emo vehoeen vehement eapidit ineitafio t, Tati i. L 
De lur et delicil mpo$i. ge Syl 1.  ma«hi,a valior uam loetio 
soepe e bmo fabuli$ ad rorem icendtoe, h Mlg. 1. l. i b. 1. 
ihi 1. L Fict psnt snum ad Venem, &c. Horati ad r vers intempersnflor ffaditur 
vain cnbicnlo sue slcspoe cltur habse Sspit ut quocque rexi inem coit refeen 
Snetoni t. . 10 ut pby]ngl fici m Ber. "Venus hth b with th 
quintenoe of ber necrï  HeIn»i. « You may conqu wlih the sword, bu you are nquered 
s ," o Apco m  proz t pe deosct  peto. P eto 



3 Love-Melanctol. 
non dit indpitque semer, slwnys frh, and r«ly o qben 
bium nul fine rminatur, sed semper recs et, d th a fiery uch 
th ik 
J o muo mb ore 
Einlly when they shll be lcioly ven,  he 
Woeslàm deoscuIata Fotb Catenatbcert, t Obrto alçlèr gabdIo. 
 uloe o Cont  b " 
 çu or, 
The o] d   moved; x am pluribu ocul l«bra critabant, 
quoç m&turam fient, inter mutuo «onpl anim anhelant, 
« ey brehe oug her sou d spir] together 
 Bnlthar Ctio, « chge h d spiris, nd mgle ffecions  ghey 
do k, nd i is tacher  conntion of'the md  of the body." d 
lhough the s be delighoeme nd plent, 
olum dul duI Ambroi, such   nymede gnve Jupir, tare 
i, sweet tn Cntar bam, honey, d OScu um aorem sti[lani 
lovoppg s; for 
«'e lUflowoe, OEe  1 net  e 
Ye they leave  some impion, e that of alo or g, 
ue Ut ml ex b mtm ] fo d ]  At  Am ltg w hot er. 
Sol fl tr hcra n At t b here   hot m tt.  
ey e dit 
afQd me moll pU  I " "y do th tne 
d fib o P" &OE d th   me p " 
ey are dtructive, d the more the woe: set quoe me perdunt, oscul« 
ille dabat, they e the be of the serable loyer. The be hont 
 I deny not, osculum chatatis, iendly es, modt , vtal- 
vgin , officio and oeremo , &c. Osli sensus, acAium 
omps, ing and embmcing are proper  of Natte  a man; but 
the are o lcio s, h Imlicuqoe suos rcum a co« lactos,&c. 
too oentinuate and too olent, irac n hed«oe, non OEnnt osla 
nchoe; they cfing e i, close  an oysr, bi  dov, meret6cios 
ke bitg of fips, cure aitom: Tare impvesso ore (th k Lucian 
t' iabia detrahant, inr deoseuIandum ordicatdes, gum 
que  mamm attrectans, &c. ch   e gave  Gyn, innuma 
oscula dedit non reuçnanti puo, rem inad,s, umemble 
ore th s, or o homely :  those tt ]he spe of, Hcctur 
ab ipsa ene 7 sua, &c. with such othcr obeti that v love 
ch are aboable d pecio , Peter de mo cas. cons. hol 
eve  a manv h e er rfiage, be mtale peccatum, a mo 
e or tt of erome, Hdugt t quisqu in em uam ardenf 
«st amator; or tt of Thom Secs& qu. 1. artS. 
touch h  d tely yo membe    OE a 
lei 1. I0. et C t Pe Apei x PeUo   oe Y Pem 
dt t; m fl q oe oei aCa bLu T 4, 
EI l& h 0 "She fold her  d my n" 1  



]Iem. 2. 8ubs. 4.] A, tificiu1.41lurem¢,,ts. 37 
oscul«m sig t«le pcum, or ghg of Durd. Rl. li5. 1. cap. t0. 
stis deben co, & oemp, oto temple uo soni uptiarum 
inlereitu, wha hH beeomo oî ail sueh immodesç  znd obeno 
aefio ho forerunne of bruh lus,  hot lu itoelf] Vh shnll bomo 
of them h on bo their own wive u whn bave I o do 
his 
hç whieh I alto aç, is  show you the progrès ofç buing lusç; 
epiozo the»eforo ail h whieh I bave hitheo said, wih  mfli examplo 
ouç of h olegan Iusoeus, observe bu th me those amorous proeeedit 
of Lnder and Hero: they bcgan firt to look one on another with a lcivio 
look, 
« Obllqu} Intuens Inde nutl ] « Wth beck d nods ho flt began 
Nutibusmutuinducens In errorem mentem puel. To t Che wen's mind, 
Et ills  ntrs nutibus mutes juvenls ] With bec and n.*ds and smil aga 
Leaodri quod amorem non reouiU&c. Inde [ An answer he did flnd. 
Adibat in tenebris tact quidetn stringcns ] And in the dark he took ber by rite han 
Ross puelloe ditos, ex imo sp'abat [ And wrung It har and sighed 'ievos!y, 
chementer  lnde ] A nd ki'd ber too, and woo'd ber  he might' 
Virnls autem benè olens colhtm osculat I With pity m% sweetea, or e 1 die, 
Tae verbum ait amos ct stimulo, ] And with auch wor and gturoe  there 
rcc audit et amol'is merere mel, &c. ] e won  m' fvooe st  
ic fzt recant perauit mentcm puelloeY' 
The me proceeding is elegantly descrbed by Apooni  s Amonauti, 
betwoen Jon and Mede, by Eztathi  the ten books of the love 
smeus and Lene, Achill Tai between  CUtophon and Leucippe, 
Cuoer's neat oem of TgHus and Crseide; and  that notable talc 
Pewonius of a soldier and a gentlewoman of Ephesus, that w so Famo all 
over a for ber chasty, and that moned for ber hband : the sol, lier 
wooed ber with uch rhec  lover uze to do,---[atone etm 
amo? &c. st lat,fnipertinaclam ps« t, he got ber good wfl not 
oy to sati»  lust, but to bang ber dead hband's body on the cro 
(which he watch stead of the thieFs that w newly stolen away), wlst 
he woo ber in ber cabi Theoe are tales, you wl y, but they bave most 
ignat moral, and do veR exprez thoze or proeeengz of dotiug 
loyer. 
any such allurements there a, nods, jests, wink Hes, estlinm, 
tokens, çnvou, symbo, lette, valentin, &c. For which cause beke. 
Gfidus, l. 2.  am. wod sot have women len to wfite. Many such 
provooEtio are  when they corne ia preence, Pthey w, and  
 Malo me Galate petit Icivs puel I «' y mie ith an apple o 
Et fugl OE saliez» et  cupt ante vider, *  nd htily  covert go 
To hide her but would be 
With ail ber h bm'e» Goal owsP 
ero so t6ppcd away om Lder  one displee 
* q Yet  she went 11 oflen lk'd 
And many or excuses did ahe  
To nger by the 
but if he choe to oveake ber, she L most averse, nioe and coy, 
 Denegat et pua aed t super oa v."  « Sbe seems hot won, but won ahe la st lengt 
In mn s women  but hall the 
Somie ey He open nd re os rble nd cog, p, yidg, 
wiing o erce, to ke  green gown, wi  eperd in 
EdyL 2L fo le he cos, &¢.,  ply nd dlly,  uch eo, 
corne,  they spy their advantage; and then coy, close again, so ce, so 
surly, so demure, you had much betr rame a oelt, catch or xde a wfld hoe, 
gh get ber favour, or win her love, hot a look, no a se» nota  for a 
neula qnl umpll, $1 non  eetera pCç & OCou pla¢ull ma snl tolll  ar arque 
11 quoe va.bat cruel adfl.  h ovi genl me, nolt ubl Vefi ubi no cuit  Ter. 
c. act. 4. . L q Marlowe. 



538 - Love-Mdanclio!y. [Pat't. 3. Sec. 2. 

kingdooE r Aretine's Lncretia was an excellent arLn in this kind, as she 
telL ber own talc, "Though I w by nature and  mo butfful and 
yet by the tc I oeemed to be far more able than I w, for that wch 
men tly soek and nnot attah, draws on the affection with a mos 
fo desire. I had a stor lov me drly (d she), and the  mo ha 
ve me, the more eagerly ha wooed me, the more I seemed  negle, 
soe  and wch [ commoy gave othe I would hot let him soe me, 
oenvee with me, no, not bave a kit. To   the mo, and fetch him 
over (for m only I a at) I nad my o ant to bng in 
pen from a Snhh oet, wt ha w in my oempany,  if he h 
the oet's ant, wch ha did exoeBently weH orm : t Coe  
Turco, ' my lord and mter hath sent yo hdysp a smaH psent, and parg 
of his hunting, a piece of veso a phent, a few pafidg, &c.' (ail wch 
she bough with her o mouey), 'commen  love d rvice to you, 
desg you to acoept of it in good part, and he m ve shortly to oemv 
and soe yon.'" Vithal she showed  ring, glov, sg, coronets which 
othe hoe oent ber, when there w no such matter, bu oy to ccvent 
him. u By the mns (as she oenclud) "I ruade the or genfleman so mad, 
that he w rdy to spend him d ventre his de blood for my 
se." Phnna, in XLucia p¢ioed aH t long fore,  it aH ap 
nn yon by ber discou ; for when Dipl ber sweetheoE me  sec her 
(  dy cusmm was) she oed un hi wod hot vonchsafe him ber 
company, but ed Lampfius hh co-rival, at the me rime Ybefore his faoe: 
but why w it I To make  ( she lleth her mother that cd her for it) 
mo jous; to whe s love, to corne th a ter aptite, and 
know that ber favo w not so sy to be  3[any other tficks she d 
bdes t ( she there coth), for she wod igll out with, d anger 
m of s ppose, pick quaeh upon no oon, buse she wod be 
reoenced  him agai Amtiun iroe a rediratfo,  the old 
sang is, the Falg out of love is the reneg of love ; and accorg  
tha of Artoenet,undes aum st is œe, love  
by j  the sbms are more cious after a clou And rely this 
aphorism h most true; for  Ampe orms C«s  the id Lucian, "zIf 
a loyer be hot jous, any, wphh, ap  11 out, sigh and swe, he h no 
te loyer." To ks and co hang about her neck, prot, swr and h, 
e but or T spms, int adhuc et ct a ; bu 
 he be jo, , apt  te, &a, ben$ speres Iicet, sweet sir he 
is thiuo o; yet ff you let  alohe, ho him, pl m, &a, d 
that he peroeivo once he hath you sure, thout any co-riv  love 
lh, and he l noE OEro so much for yo the (th she) OEn 
sk out of exfienoe; Demophant a ch feow w a suitor of e, 
seemed fo neglt m, and gave better enment fo Cad the painter 
befo h faoe, priip abiit, verb e imectatus at t ho went away aH 
in a cfe, cg and sweag, but ag lmg ha oeme submittg m vow- 
ing and protestg he lov me most drly, I should bave  he h, d that 
ha wod  he for my ke. Therefore I e thee (d sr is) 
d  maids, not to me your s over dly; tsols im nt oe 
vùm ,entiunt» 'tw e them proud d lent; but now d then rejet 

r Pornodidascolo dis1. ItaL Latin. Donat. h Gc.,p. ]arthlo Germano Qnanqnam natura, et arts eram 
formosissima ito tamen astu tanto speciosior videbar, quo¢l emm oculis cupitum .gr proebetur Imtlto 
I:nag affectoz humno incendit. | Quo I:mortbua I:ne douks propifiabat eo peoribua l]ltLm mOtJJJ 
tr..t.bam ne basium Impetravit. &e- t Come de monte Tureo Hispauua ha* de ven&tiona m parte 
rnts,tjultqne peram*nter offre, ni hoe qualecunque donum Juo nomine acciplaa, u HlS artibua hominem 
ira excantabam, ut pro me file ad omnia paratu& &e. x Tom. 4. dia]. meret. Y Relicto il]o, gre lp*i 
lnterim facien& et omnino difltcilis, • S! quia enlm nec Ze]otypns, Iraseitnr, nec punat a]iquando arngtor, 
nec perjurat, non est habendtL« amator. &c. Totus hic igns Zelotypia con.-tat, te. maJAmi axore i,de 



BIem. 2. Subs. 4.] 4rtoEclal 411ureme:«ts. 
them, estrange thyself, et  me a s atq 
out of doo once or twice, let him nce attendance; follow my couel, and 
by ts mea "you shall make him mad, corne offrounoey, stand to any con- 
ditions, aud do whatsoever you H bave h. e 
tic; yet in the said Lucn, 5Ielis metnks had a tck beyond all tb; 
for wheu ber suitor came coloey on, to st him up, she wt one of s co- 
rival' mes and ber o  a paper, J[elsa ama[ 
[dsam, OEing if to be stuck upon a post, for a gazers to behold, and lost 
it  the way whera he u to walk; which when the silly nooe perceive,1, 
statim ut git edid, itantly apprehended it was so, 
&c., "banal o when [ w  des.if of h love, four montha aer I recovcd 
him again." Eugcnia drew Timocles for ber valentine, and wora 
long te aer  ber bosom : Camoena singled out Pamphi]us to dance, at 
3iyson's wedding (some aay), for there she saw him fir; Foelicianus over- 
took Coea by the highway ide, offered h seice, thence OEme rucher ac- 
quainoe, and thenoe came love. But who OEn ret half the device 
at Aretine expeHenccd, what concsited Lucian, or wanton AstoenI 
They 11 deny d take, stiy reihse, and t eaestly oeek the saine, rel 
to make them corne th more eages, fly from ff you follow, but ffaverse, 
as a shadow they ! follow you again, fi«9nt suittr, sequentemfugit; 
h a regahhg retreat, a genfle luctancy, a smiling threat, a pretty 
plet peeshness they wfll pu you o and bave 
enticemen. For as he saith, 
«  on et foa tl, noe quoe lt bella ride [ « 'Tts hot enough thongh he be fait ofhu 
Debet lgari more plere ul, I For ber o e thi vulgar compliment : 
] »ic nale, lusu, ermon, grati ri I u pret to)' and sts, aud saws d smil 
iaet noe ¢andioria ,,ç."  far be}'ond what beau 
 For thh use beke Postratm, h  as, makes dirse loves, "somo 
young, some of one age, some of another, some wind, some of ono 
ofanother, some with torche 8ome with golden al,pi 
snares, and other engines h the hands,"as Proius bath prettily ptcd 
them out, lib. 2. et 29. and which oeme inrpt, diverse entioements, or 
divee affections of loyers, which if hot alone, yet joiatly may bt(er and 
ovetome the stmnst cotitution 
If is mported of Decim and Valenus, tho two notofio pcrsecuto of 
the chuoeh, that when they could eoroe n yog Chfistian by no mns 
 Hierome records) to mcrifice fo thek idoh, by no toments or pmmes, they 
took another course fo tempt hlm: they put him hto a fa garden, and set 
yog eouez to dally with him, "tshe took m about the neck and k£sed 
h and that which  hot fo be med," nibç attrtare, &c., and all 
thoso entioements wch might be m, that whom toments could hOt, lovo 
migh barrer and beleaer. But such w hls eonstancy, she eould hot over- 
me» and when th lt eno wod te no placo, they lefç him ço hh owa 
ays. Af g erkley  Glonctere, there was h rimes st a nunne 
(ith Glte 3Iapes, an old tooapher, that ved 400 y sinoe), 
"of wch thero w a noble and n ç ly abb : Godwin, that subtile 
Erl of Kent, trang that way (seekg no hoe but hers), leaves a nephew 
of hic, a proper yog gan (  he  been sick) with her, 
back agi, and gives the yog man chge  long to coffeit, fll he had 

• Venientem vldebia Ipm denuo ivflammatm et prorsus inanlentem, b Et siccm fere de Illo 
oe, pt mene quatuor ad me rediit, e Foni Ce d ]magm deom, fol. 327. vario 
amor ci qnos aliqul lnterpretan mflpB affect  loeebr alios puello pue ato aIio$ 
poma ae los sitt altos lueo &e. • EpisL Ub. 3. ta Pa Eretoe. /Meretx 
oepecios cept decai singere 1 complexlb  colore in fibidem ncitato, .  Camdcn 
in Gloucteh hmc præt nobllis et foo abti Godwinus com ndole bflll non ip, 
sed ua cupien reliqt nepotem u forma ¢legantim taaqm  o re-trret ; 



bJ, O Zove-.Melanctwl#. [P.rt. 3. Sec. o. 

deflowered the bbêsa, and as many besides ofthe nuns s he eould, and leaves 
him withal, rings, jewels, girdles, and sueh toys te give them still, when they 
came te vizir him. The young man, willing te madergo sueh a business, played 
his part 8o well, that in short spaee he got up most oftheir bellies, and wheu 
he had donc, told his lord how he had sped;  lais lord madeiustnfly te the 
eotu, tells the king how sueh a nunnery was beeome a bawdy-house, procures 
a visitation, gets them te be turued out, and begs the lands te his own use." 
This story I de therefore repeat, that von may sec of what force these entiee- 
ments are, if they be opportunely usec, and how hard it is even for the most 
averse and sanetified seuls te resist such allurement John /Iajor in the 
life of John the mouk, that lived in the days of Theodosius, eommends the 
hermit te haro been a man of singular eontineney, and of a most ausre lire; 
but one night by chance the devil came te his eell in the habit of a young 
market weneh that had lest ber way, and desired for God's sake seine lodghtg 
with him. ,,i The old mau let ber in, and after seine eommon eonferenee of 
her mishap, she began te inveigle him with laseivious talk and jests, te play 
with his beard, te kiss him, and de worse, till at last she overeame him. As 
he went to address himself to that business, she vanished on a sudden, and tho 
devils in the air laughed him to scorm" Vhether this be a truc story, or a 
tale, I will hot much contcnd, it serves fo illustrate this which I lmve asid. 
Yet were if so, that these of which I bave hitherto spoken, and such like 
enticing baits, be not sufficieut, there be many others, which will of themselves 
intend this passion of burniug lust, amout which, dancing is noue of the least; 
and it is au engiue of such force, I may hot omit it. Incitarnen$um libidinis, 
letrarch calls it, the spur of lust. "A k circle of which the devil himself is 
the centre, l Many womeu that use if, bave corne dishouest home, most indif- 
ferent, noue hetter." m A nother tcrms it, "the companion of ail filthy delights 
and euticenaeuts, and 'tis hot easily told what incouveniences corne by if, what 
currile talk, obsceneact.ions,"aud many timessuch monstrousgestures, such las- 
civious motions, such wanton tunes meretricious kisses, homely emb'acigs, 
 un (ut Gaditana canoro 
Inclpiat prurire choro, plaueuque probatoe 
Ad terrain tremula descendant chine puell 
Irritamentum Veneris Inguentis)" 
that it will make the spectators mad. Vhen that epitomizer of o Ttgs ]ad 
to the full described and set out King Ptolemy's riot as a chief englue and 
instrument of his overthrow, he adds, tympanum eZ tripudium, fiddling and 
dncing: "the king was not a SlCtator only, but a principal actor himself-" 
 thing nevertheless frequently tsed, and part of a gentlewoman's bringing 
up, to sing, dance, and play on the lute, or some such instrument, before she 
-an say ber paternoster, or ten commandments. 'Tis the next way their 
parents think to get them husbands, they are compelled to leaxn, and by that 
axeans, p Incestos amores de teruero rneditanwr ungue ; 'tis a great allurement 
as it is often used, and many are undone by it. Thais, in Lucian, inveigled 
Lamprias in a  znce, Herodias so far pleased Herod, that she made him swea 
to give her what she would ask, John Baptist's head in a platter.  lobert 
Dake of lqormandy, riding by Falais, spied _rlett,% a faix maid, as she danced 

b I]le Implger regem adlt, abbatlssam et euas prgnantes edocet, erp|oratorbus mlssls probst, et Ils 
¢Jectis,  domino suo mauerinm accepit, i Post sermoues de casu suo euavitate ermonis conciliat ani- 
znum hminla, mnumqe inter colloqu!a et risus ad barbare protendit et palpare coepit cervicem suam 
et oscularl; quid multal Captivum ducit militera ChritL Complexuraevanescit, demonez In acre mon&. 
chum rierunt, k Chore circuin& euus centTUm diab. 1 bIultoe inde Impudicoe domum rediere, pinre 
ambigu, mellor nulla, m Turpinm deliclarun3 cornes est externa saltatlo; neque certWfacile dJctu qu 
mal•bine visus laauriat, et quœ pari•t, eolloquia, monstresos, inconditos gestua, &c. n Juv. Sa•. 11. 
" l'erhaps you may expect that a Gaditanian with • tunefuI company may begin fo wanton, and girls 
• pproved with •pplause Iower themselves fo the ground in a lascvlous manner, a provoeative of langulshin 
desire, e Jus•in. !. 10. Adduntur instrnmenta inxurloe, tympan• et trlpudiai nec tan s0ect&tor r 
sed nequiti maister, ,. P Hot. t. 5. Od. 6. q Jva.rde vit• ejus. 



rem. . Subs. 4.] Artic;alAllurcrae.t«. 541 

on  green, and wa. o mueh enamoured with 
e with her ha nigh. Owen Tudor won Qun Cahere% affection in 
danoe, falling by ehnoe with hh hend  ber lnp. Vho OEnno parallel heso 
fi ou of his expeenee Rpeipp a noble galln  h Greek 
Artoeneu% eeing Pnare a fidr young genflewomau dancing by oeiden, 
w  ar  love th her, h for  long e aer he eould flfink of nohing 
bu Pnaret: he came raving home 11 of Panaret: "Who would 
dmke ber, who would no love ber, ha hodd bu see ber danee as I did 
O aimble, 0 divine Panareta ! X bave n old and new Rom% many ir 
cities, many proper women, but never any e o Panarea, hey are dross, 
dow aH to Panareca ! 0 how she nced, how she tfipped, how she ted, 
with what a ace  happy h that man that shall enjoy ber. 0 mos¢ 
rable, only, Panareta l" When Xenophon, in 8ymsio, or Banquet, had 
dcoursed of love, and d ail the enghes that might  deviscd, to more 
8ocrat, amogst the st, fo ste  the more, he shus up ail with a plea- 
sant interlude or danoe of Dionysi and iadne. ,, t Fiat Ariadne dssed 
like a bride came in d took her plaoe; by and by Dionysius entered, dancing 
to the music. The stars did all admke the young mas OEge; and 
Afiadne hee]f was so much affecd wich the sigh% that she oetdd soe sit. 
After a whHe Dionysius holdhg Aadne, and hcend with love, bowing 
ber kne, embraced her fi¢, and Usd her with a ; she embrac him 
agah, and ksed h with hke affection, &c.,  the dance required; but they 
that stood by, and w tl, did much applaud and commend them th for it. 
And when Dionysius rose up, he rad ber up with him, and many pretty g- 
ura% embraces, kisses, and love compliments psed beten them: which 
wheu they saw fait Beh and utl adne  sweetly and so unfci- 
edly ksing each other, so Mly mnbmcg, they swore they loved doed, and 
were so flamed with t.he object, that they gan to muse up thelv, 
they would bave flown. t the lt when they saw them sti, so wngly 
embracing, and now ready to go to the bride-chamber, they were so ravhed 
with it, that they that were unmarfieswore theywouldfohwith man-y, and 
those tiret we maed caHed tantly for their ho, and goped home 
fo the ves." What eater motive can there be than t bung lust 
xvhat so violent an oppugner I ot vithout good «au therefore  my 
general eouncils condemn i so ny fathe abhor it, so many ve men 
speak against it; "U hot the company of a woman," saith $yracid, 8. 4. 
"that  a sger, or a dancer; neither hear, lest thou  taken  ber 
crtins." In rco non tare cernitnr çnam discilur libido, uoeds h»lds, 
lust  theatres is hot en, but learned. Gre aaen that eloquent 
dine  ho lat the stm T msdf), when a noble end of h solemnly 
in him with other bhops, to  daughter Olympia's wedng, refud to 
corne: "rFor it  absu to oee an dal gouty bhop sit amongst dance;" 
he held it unfit fo be a sctar, much ls an actor. Nemo saltat sorius, 
Tully writes, he  hot a sober man that danceth; for some such reon 
ehke) Domitian forbade the oman sena  dance, and for that fac 
removoe my of them om the oenate. Dut tho, you 

rOl'wlmm le begat Willlam the Conqneror: by the saine tok she fore ber ock do, saylng, 
Epist. 26. Quls on mirat est saltem  Quis non vldit et avit  veterem e novam vl Romain. 
libi simllem on viril Pansret ; fellx ql Paareta ir, &e.  Pnelpio n e]ut onsa prodit, 
#ola reeedlt; prodiens IUi¢o Dionysi  ameros ntante tibia sItabat; airaH snnt otaries It 
Ju, eem, ipu rin t voE poedt ¢onquire; poste veto cure Dionysi m exit, &¢. 
te sexlt Dlonysifl exlt s rncm llcebafle eetsre gt osefllanlium, et Inter se 
pleetentim ; q utem ecbat, &e. d exemm dent eos m smplexlb impcatos et jamjam 
uis et Inc:tati t dem feren, dom fesfinant.  Llb. 4. de ntemnend. amodb. 
Anysium eplst. 5. Y mœfiv  t» et à nupt sbhoen Inter st podsi vlde 



 t2 Zove-Meznchly. [Part. 3. Sec. 2. 
and Pagan (lances, 'tis the abuse that causeth such inconvexience, and I do 
hot well therefore to condemn, spek against, or "innocently to accuse the 
best and p]essantest thing (so eLucian calls it) that elongs to mortal men." 
You misinterpret, I condemn it hot; I hold it notwithstmding an honest dis- 
port, a lawful recreation, if it be opporttme, moderately and soberly used: I 
am of Plutarch's mind, « a that which respects pleasure alone, honest recrea- 
tion, or bodily exercise, ought hOt to be rejected and contemned:" I subscribe 
to b Lucian, "'ris an elegant thing, which cheereth up the mind, exercLseth the 
body, delights the spectators, which teacheth many comely gestures, equally 
affecting the ears, eyes, and soul itsel£" Sallust discommemis slnging and 
dancing in Semproni, hot that she did slng or dance, but that she did it in 
excess, "ris the abuse of it; and Gregory's refusal doth hOt simply condemn it, 
but in some folks. ]Iany will hot allow men and women to dance together, be- 
cuseit is a provocation to lust: they m ay aswell, with Lycurgus and M-ahomet, 
eut down all vines, forbid the drinking of wine, for that it makes some men 
dul 
 ¢ 1ihli prodet qnod on loedere posset idem  
Igne quid utilius t" ---- 
I s.y of this as of all other honest recreations, they are llke tire, good and 
bad, and I see no such inconvenience, but that they may so dance, if it be 
doue at due rimes, and by fit persons: and conclude with Wolfons « Hider, 
and most of our modern divines : Si decoroe, graves, verecundoe, l[ea [uce 
onorum virorum et matronarum onestarum, tempestiv fiant, probar{ ossunt, 
et dcbent. "There is a rime fo mourn, a rime to dance," Eccles. iii. 4. Let 
them take their pleasures then, and as ehe said of old, "young men and 
maids flourishing in their age, fair and lovely to behold, well att.ired, and of 
comely caxriage, dancing a Greek galliard, and as their dance required, kept 
theh" time, now turning now tracing, now apart now altogether, now a courtesy 
then a caper," &c., end it was a pleasant sight to see those pretty knots, and 
swimming figures. The sun and moon (some say) dance about the earth, the 
three upper planets about the sun as their centre, now stationary, now direct, 
now retrograde, now in apogee, then in peri9ee , now swift then slow, occiden- 
toEl, oental, they turn round, jump and trace,  and  about the sun with 
thosethirty-three lIaculoe or ]ourbonian planet, circa Solemsaltante Cuthar- 
«lum, saith Fromundus. Four Medicean stars dance about Jupiter, two Ans- 
tri«m about Satin'n, &c., and ail (belike) fo the music of the spheres. Out 
greatest counellors, and staid senators, at some rimes dance, as David before 
ihe ark, 2 Sain. ri. 14. lIiriam, Exod. xv. 20. Judith, xv. 13. (though the 
devil hence perhaps hath lrought in those bawdy bacchanls), and well may 
hey do it. The greatest soldiers, as fQuintilianus, SEmilius lrobus, Coeliu 
hodinus, have proved at large, still use it in Greece, Rome, and the most 
vorthy senators, cantare, $altare, Lucian, Macrobius, Libanus, Plutaxch, 
Julius, Pollux, Athenoeus, have written jttst tructs in commendation of 
n this out ge it is in much request in those countries, as in all civil com- 
monwealths, as Alexander ab Alexandro, lib. 4. cap. 10. et lib. 2. cap. 25. 
bath lroved at large, iamongst the baxbarians themselves none so precious ; 
all the world allows it. 
 k Divtla con|emno tlls, tex Crese, tuamque 
Vendo Asiam, unguentis, flore, mero, choreiaP 

• Rem omnlnm In mortallum vtta optimam innocenter accusare, a Quoe honetsm voluptatem repl¢lt, 
sut corporis eaercitium, eontemnl nm debet, b F-Jegantisima re est, qtl et mentem zult, corpu 
exerceat, et spectantes oblectet, multos gestes decoros docens, oculos, sures, animum ex iuo demulcens. 
© Ovid. d System. moralL pkllosophioe, • Apulein. 10. Puelli, pueileque virenti florente oeintul 
form conaplcui, vete ltkli, Incesu gr&tIoE Grœecgnicam ltant Pyrrhicam. dispoaitl ordiuatiolbus 
decoro. bitu Inçrrab&u, uunc In orbem fl¢zl, hune in obliqusm œeerlem connst, nunc la qnadrum Cunefl 
munc n e $epsrat% OEc. fLlb. L ep. ll. • V|t Epaminondoe_ h IAb. $o i seA 1". lr t. r 
 D¢cL lazo, L¢xiu Haclnit &r. IAngertanus Erotopoedinm- 



BIem. 2. Subs. 4.] 4rt'i,:1.41l«r«m,ont«. 543 
 l'lato, in his Commonwealth, will bave daneing-hoos tobe ma intained, « tha 
young fol might meet, be aeqd, soe one another, d be soen;"y 
more, he would bave them dauoe naked; and scos ai them that lau.h ai 
it. But Eusebius, œep«r. Evad. l. l. cap. I l. aud Theodoret, lib. 9. 
cura. çrœec. o«t. wohy lh him for it; aud we they ght: for one 
ith, "m the ve sight of naked rts cauoeth enormo, exdhg concu- 
pisoece and stirs up both men aud women to bug ht." There  a 
mean h all things: this is my censu in brief; daucing  a pleamnt rec- 
atiou of body aud mhd, ff sober and modt (such  out Chxtian dances 
are), ff mpestively used; a furious motive to buihg lust, ff  by Pagans 
heretofore, unchastely abused. But I prooeeoE 
If these alluremeuts do hot take pl, for n Simies, that t masr of 
dallhn shall not beve moe better, the more effectlly to move others, 
and satisfy their lust, they will swear d lie, proe, pst, forge, coun- 
terfeit, brag, bbe, flatr and dmble of all sids. 'Tw Lucrelis court- 
sel in etine, Si v amd fi, pritte, fiqe, jura, Fjura, j, dm, 
mentire; d they put it wefi  practice,  Apofio to Daphne, 
 ,« o mihl Delphica tellus  « Delphos. Clar and Teos e m 
Et « laros e Tcncdo patareue reg l  And Jupit  known my se fo be." 
Jupiter est genitor" 
P The poor swains wl do  much, q][i[ es  sutt  m/ti vai 
aui; "I hve a thoaud shp, good store ofcattle» and they are a at ber 
 ,. r Tibl nos, tibi nosWa supelle 
Ruraqae servieriat "' 
".houe, ]and, goods, ar ai ber oervic%"  he is hlmse. Dinomachu  
seuator's son lu s Luciau,  love with a wench ieor to m in bth a 
founes, the sooner to accomph h desire, wept unto hez and swore he 
loved ber th a h beau% and her alone, and that  soon  ever hLs 
tther  (a very ch man and almost drepid) he would make ber  fe. 
'.rhe md by chance ruade ber mother acquted Jth the busine, who beg 
an old fox, well experienc  such atte, told ber dughter, now rdy to 
yicld to his desi, that he meant nothing ls, for dost thou tk he will ever 
care for thee, bving a poor wench, t that may bave his choice of aH the beau- 
ti in the city, one noble by birth, with so many talents, as young, better 
qualified, and faner thon thyoelf daughr, beUeve him hot: the maid w 
abhed, and so the atter broke o Vhen Jupir wooed Juno t (Lili 
Girald rela it out of au old comment on Theoeritus), the better to effect 
his suit, he t,ed mse into a cuckoo, d spg ber one day walkg 
along, separated fro the other goddes, cauoed a tempt suddeuly to arise, 
for fer of which she fled fo shelter: Jupiter fo avoid the storm likese flew 
into ber p, i 9iis Ju çremium o, who Juno for pity 
covered  ber "apron. But he tned moe fohwith to his own shape, 
began to embra and offer violenoe unto ber, sed  t tu azuoI, 
but she by no mes would yield, « pol/i cium obtiu@, t he 
vowed and swo  ma ber, d then she gave consent. Ts fa w 
done ai Thorax , wch ever after was called Cuckoo hl, d  ual 
remembranoe there was a temple erecd to Tca Ju, o  the saine place. So 
poweul e fa pm, vows, ot and prottatio. It   orm 



64,4 Love-3£danclwly. [Part. 3. Sec. 
tn too in t aae fo belie the age, which d uy do» that mn 
fo " aga d bhelo, too met, 
« r Cua octam epldat 
to say they are younger than th are. Caides in the id LoEan loved 
Philematium, an old maid of foy-five yeam; "she swom to  she w but 
thiy-two next De--ber. But to diemble  t nd,  miliar of aH 
aides, and often it tak. tFallere credentem res estoperosa puellam 't on 
done, no such at s, Egregm ver5 laudem, et spolia 
and notMng  fi-equent  fo e their estat, fo prefcr the suits, and 
advanoe themselves. [any men  fctch over a young woman, widows, or 
whom they love,  hot stick to ack, forge d fci y tg com next, 
bid his boy fetch his cloa mpier, glov, jeh, &c., 
g )ldcn-tissue brch, &c., when tbe  no such marrer; or mae any scruple 
to ve out,  he did in Petroni, that he was mter of a ship, kept so many 
soevants, and fo peona the pa¢ the bett¢r, ke un them to be gentle- 
aen of good hooe, well descended ad allied, him appel st bmker2, some 
roevenger or prick-loe tafio to stand un them for the time, swr they 
have gmat poesessios, "bribe, lie, cog, and fot how dly they love, how 
l.r.wely they w mainin ber, le any 1oEdy, oeuntess, duchess, or queen; 
thy sha ve goûs, tiers, jewe, coaches, and OEroch choice et, 
« OEhe heada of paooE tonL of nlghtingal I Splflt of s and of vioiet 
2he braina of peaoeck sud of ostrich J 
OEhe bath  be the J of giowe 
as o]d Vo]pone coued Coelia in the "comedy, when  they are no snch men, 
hot woh a oat, but mere sharkem, to make a forttme, to get the des,e, 
or ee pretend love fo snd their idle hors,  be more we]com and for 
better entement. The conclion , thcy meaa notg less, 
*'Y I metnunt ]ursre, nihD promltte cant: [ «Osths, vow, promises, are much prot¢çted 
ed sm ac c»pidoe ments aatla Hbdo   But when tbeir mind d it »s tisfied, 
Dic n meer n pensa ct ;" Oat vow 9rom ¢ te nlect;" 
though he solemy awear by the geus ofCoesar, by Venu slne, Hymen'a 
deity, by Jupiter, and aH the other gode ve no cret to h wor. For 
when love swear, Ven ugh Venus oec perjurla ret, 
smfies, d ons it witL  ve "Plato gives out; of all perju, tt 
alone for love matrs  forven by the go. If proses, fi, oaths, and 
prottations, w not ava they H to bbes, token gifts, and such le 
its. Plur£m auto concil£atur amor:  
golden hcwer, and ber adne th a lovely cm (wch w rwda 
tmnslad mto the hvens, d there for ever sn); they wiH m chickens, 
florin cros, angcl aH manner of oe and 
must he oeainly do tt  apeed, me my fts, banqueS, tatlo, 
nd ber some pmsent or other eve foot. 
(sth "Hoedus) et ebroe fiant largitiones, he must 
beml, seek and sue, hot fo ber on]y, but to  ber foHowem, ien, çamili 
fiddlers, pandem, paites, d househo]d servants; he mt suate him- 
self, and sely w,  L of a so, messenge% posera, 
m  warde or um'especte& I had a s&tor (thaArete'aLn- 
ris) that when he OEme to my bouse, ung gold d si]ver about, 
boea chaoE Another sr I d  a ve cholec fuHow; but I so hanoeed 
 Hot. aevlt I]]a ecundum prK Igedm ad pmm Debr comp]am 
t Od. u am donis vincitur omnis amor. CatoE L el b. x Fox,  . s 3. Y Catl 
ffi Peuriffi Ht m anm Jupiter, et vento lta lee ]ut, TIb. Ub. 8. et 6. ffi  PhIle. pejerffin. 
bus h  lI icunt, b CtuL e Llb. 1. de ntnendis mob. d Di. ]t. genm 
 pai projiclebat. iiim hab mr qui snpplex fle genibus, &e. 'ulus recs aliat 



Iem. 2. Subs. 4.] ArtftZ Atluterrzta. 5|5 
him, that for ail his fumlng, I brought him upon lals knoe. f thcre had bn 
an excelleltt bi in the market, any novelty, fish, fruit, or fowl, mcadel, or 
malmsey, or a cup of net wine in ail the OEty, it wzs presented presently te 
me; though never se dear, hard te corne by, yet I d iç: the poor fellow 
se fond ai l, that I th ff I would I mighç haro ld one of his eyes out of 
his head. & third auitor w a merchant of Reine, and h mnuer of wooing 
w with Oexqite music, ¢otly bnqueçs, poems, &e. I held him off till 
length he proste promised and swore pro vir9inita ve9ao » do»tatum, 
I should hav ail he had, bouse, goo, and laads, T coubit solo; rneither 
w there ever any conjurer, I ink, te chm a spirit» tt d such atten- 
tion, or ghty wor,  he did exquito phes, or general of y army se 
many sttage te win a city,  he d tt'ic and de,ces te got the love of 
me. Thus men are aive and pive, and women net  behd thcm in 
th kd: A udax  omnia foemina, çuoe vel anmt vel odit. 
 They  crack, counteeit, and collogue  well  the best, th handker- 
clfiefs, and wrought ghtcaps, pe¢ posies, and su ys:  he jtly 
compled, 
"1 Cur midis o] nempe ut vlo]en ret; I  y doçt thn send me o]e, mv 
d vio o m violta t " .  To mak¢ me burn more violent, 1 
With olet too violent thou ar 
To ote and wod my gtnttv beaU. 
en nothiug else 11 sexe, the t refuge is the tenta. II scrip (- 
 aem) mix« chrym et spi, 'twt am and sig, I write this 
(I take love to witne), saith k CheHdou to Philouius. L«mina 
fmin«, m flumina &chrym, tho burning torches ara now tae3 
fo floods of t. tiuds Lucretia, when ber sweethrç cme to , 
 wept in s bosom, "that he might be muaded those  were 
joy of his retrm" Quafi  Petmnius, when nought wvuld move, fuit 
woeping, and  Balthar Ctfiio  them out, "To theoe crodile's 
te thcy wi11 add sobs, fie igZs, and sowl cotenauce, pale colour, 
1cannes, and ff you do ut stir abroad, these fiends are ready fo meet you 
every tu, with such a sluttish neglecd habit, dejecteà 1o0  ff they were 
now ready to die for your sake/ and how, ith he, sha a yog novice th 
beset, escael" Bat believe them hot. 
«, n animam ne crede pul 
amq t foem tuor  
ou thinkest, peradventure, buse o f ber vows, team, e, and protesta- 
tion, she  lely the, thou t ber h, hd, d affection, when 
doed there la no such matt,  the Spah wd said, g«t  
uum  , alterum in poe'td, tium çui di spir, she wi bave one 
wecthrt in b another  the gate, a third ghing at home, a fourth, 
Every yotmg mn she ues and Hk bath as mu ingrat, and shot  soo 
enjoy her as thyself. On the other ude, wMch I bave sd, men are  çalse, 
let them swear, protest, and 1le; P Qd v dn, dru» milG ll. 
Thcy love some of them those eleveu thotd virgi af once, and me them 
beeve, ch particule, he is beotted on ber, or love one t they e 
t«jr  gnticn temque nbus verbls uq est, qam e exqttn mihi dzctis, 
• Chaucer. h A h crudcle genus nec tutum foemina n  TibuL I. 3. ele. 4. i Jsqan Po 
k Aslœenetu  X episU 13. 1 Suaviter flebam, ut pensum t l:h proe auo s re4itùs 
mlht emanar m Li & hl$ nord,mU t sabti cour p3d gemebun vox, itts -pi 
lachoe prope Innumersb I se t brm omnt  Muore  in om fere veo 
n ma Ut ds Janam mobund pu n Pei « uet hot yo h to womeu, for the 
wave  1 trhus t  fldety." eÇoel& t 7. hio lnret, oib adeU et 



and then ber alone; l]ke Mi]o's wife in Apuleius, lib. 2. Si q,em conaperil 
«pecioace forrme juveaem, venustate ejua ,'umitur, e in eum animum iorquet. 
'Tis their eommon compliment in tht case, they earo net what they swear, 
say, or do: One while they slight them, care hot for them, rai] downright and 
scoæ at them, and then again they will run mad, bang themselves, stab and 
kill, if they may hot enjoy them. Henceforth, therefore,nu/2a viro 
jurardifoemlr credat, let hot maids believe them. These tricks and counter- 
feit passions are more tamfliar with women, .fitwtn lde delori faeiet aut vit 
dies, miaerere amangia, quoth Phoedra te Hippolitus. Joessa in rLucian, told 
Pythias, a young man, te more him the more, th.t if he would net lve her, 
she was resolveà te make away hersel£ "There Ls a emesLs, and it canner 
choose but grieve and trouble thee, te hear that I hve either strangled or 
drowaxed mysel£ for thy ake." ot.hing o eommon te this sex as oaths, 
vows, an«l protestations, and a. I haro already said, tears, which they haro at 
command, tbr they ean se weep, thag one would think their veoE hearts wero 
dissolved within them, and would corne out in tears; their eyes are like rocks, 
whieh still drop water, di ,rioe laehrgmce e2 audoria i modŒEm t«reri toromotce, 
saith Aristoenetus, they wipe away theix tears like sweat, weep with one eye, 
laugh with the other; or as children tweep and cry, they can both together 
"anale pue]]ram Lchr7mis moveare memeuto, [ tCre net for womea' tears, I cotmse| thec 
Ut flereut oculos erudere suo" They teach their eyes as mueh te weep as se '° 
And as much pity is te be taken of a woman weepin, as of a goose going b tre- 
foot. When Venus lest ber on Cupid she ent a crier about, te bid evcry 
one that met him take heed. 
,, x Si fleutem asplcias, tre mox fallare caveto  [ "Take heed of Cupld's teurs, if cautelous, 
Sin arrdeblt, magts effuge; et oscula si fors I And of hi smiles and kimes I thee tell, 
Fcrre volet, fugito; sunt osc'a]a noxia, in ipsis If that he effet't, for they be noxioua, 
Suntque veuen htbrL%" &c. And very poison in hi Lips dvth dweiL" 
Y A thousand years, a Castilio conceives, "will scarce serve te reckon up those 
alluremnt and guiles, thst men and women use te deceive one another with.' 
SUSEcr. V.Bawds, Philtr», C, uaea. 
WHE.' al] other en, ries rail, that they can proceed no iarther of themselves, 
their last refuge is te fly te bawd, panders, magical phi]ters, and receipts; 
rather than fidl, te the devil himselt'- F[ectem ai neqeu »uperos, Adwro»t 
movebun. And by those indirect means many a man is overcome, and pre- 
cipitated into this malady, if he take net good heeoE For these bawds, first, 
they are everywhere se common, and se many, that, as he said of okl Croton, 
Zomnes hic au cptnur au2 caitan2 , either inveigle or beinveigled, we may 
say of mo-t of out cities, there be se many professed, cunning bwds in them. 
Besicles, bawdry is become an art, or a l]beral science, as Lucian calls it; and 
there be such tricks and subtleties, se many nurses, o1.1 women, panders, letter 
carriers, beggars, physicians, friars, confesors, employed bot. it, that nu2/ua 
tradm'e ail, suïia, oe saith, 
--« • treeetis versibus 
Sua impuritia. traloqui nemo potest." 8uch oecu|t noe, senography, polygraphy, Niu «maua, or magntieal 
telli,g of their minds, which Cabeus the ffesuit, by the wy, counts fbu'tous 
-nd faLse; eunning onveyances in this kind, that neither uno's jealousy, ner 
I)anae's custody, ner &rgs' vigilancy ean keep them sale. 'Ti tho last and 
• $eneca lippot r Toux t diat met'iL tu veto aIiquando moerore aflicieris ubi audlerts me k mefps& 
|aqueo tui caus4 suffoeatam aut in puteum prcipitstm, • Epist. 20. 1. . t Matrouoe tient duobtt$ 
oculis, moniales Qnatuor, v,rgiues une, meretrices uull u Ovid. • Imagines deorurn, foL 32. b 
]a.»szhl amore fugitive, quem Politiauus Latinum fecit, • Lib. 3. mille ri• annl tuicerent l omues illas 
machllmtioaes dolosque commemorsndos, qnos viri et muliere8 ut as invicem vircumveuiant, excogiinre 
• oleue Petroniua • Plantua "l'rlemitm. " Thr hondred ver woald ot cOmpri t&t 
Inle.¢ecie." b Dc Magaet.  Lib. . cap. 10. 



Mem. 2. Subs. 5.] Arti.ficix,l Allurements. 547 
commonrefnge to use an assistant, suehaz thatCatanean Phflippa was to Joah 
Queen of Naples a e bawd's help, anold woman inthc busios»as dlyrrha d 
when she doad on Cynir, and oeuld hot compas ber dire, the old jade ber 
nurse w ready at a pinch, d inquit, opemq 
a (porte timen) edulitas erit «Tta tibi, fear if hot, if if be possible to be 
donc, I wiH effeet it: mn t mul mier imupabil, eCoelestina said, let 
him or ber be never ao honest, watehed and rerved, 't hard but one of the 
old women 1 get aecess: d sece shall you find,  tA ustin observes, in 
a nunne a maid alone, "" she eannot bave egress, before ber dow you 
shall bave aa old woman, or some prating gossip, tell ber aome tales of this 
elerk, and that monk, defibing or eommendg me young g'ntleman or 
other un her. .... As I w walng in the street (sth a gd fellow 
Petronius) to sec the to oeed one eveing, gI spied  old woman in a 
corner lling of eabbages and roots (as o hucrs do plums, apples, and 
suehkefruits) ; mother(quoth he) ean youtdl mewhere Iedwell'l he, beg 
well l)led with my foelish urbanity, plied, and why, sir, should 
Vith that she roee up and went befom me. I tk ber for a wise woman, and 
by-und-by she led me into u by-lane, and told me there 
reped aga, I ew hot the home ; but I pereeived, on a sudden, by the 
naked queans, that I w now eome into a bawdy-hou, and then too late 
ben to eurse the tmaehet T of thh old je." Such trie you sll bave 
many places, and amongsç the ret it la or,la in Vee% and  the land 
of Zan, for a man to be bawd to h own wife. o sner sh you land or 
corne on shore, but,  the Comie Poet bath it, 
.'h Mor hune mereces habenK l Rogant cuJafls siK quod ei nen 
Ad po ttunt accule,s, anc  ost 
Si q 9ereina nav  po aderst, 
These white devis bave thelr panders, bawds, and factors in erery place to 
ek about, and bring in custome, to tempt and way-lay noviee and sly 
trvelle And when they bave them once within the eluteh,  gidius 
[e in h comment un Valefius Flcus dcbes them, "t with pro- 
mises and pleasant discome, with gifts, tokens, and tkingteir opportuties, 
hey ly nets which Lucretia cannot void, and baits tht Hippolitus himself 
wou]d swaHow; they make such strong asults and battexes, that the goddess 
of viinity caot wittand them: We gifts and brib to more Penelo, 
and with thats aLle to terlSa. Howmanyroserpin, withthose 
catehpoles, doh lu take The e he leepy ds with whieh their zouls 
touched descend to hell; this the g]ue or lime with weh the wivgs ofthe 
nfind once taken OEmxot fly away; the devH's ministe to allure, entice," 
[any young men and maids, without aH question, are inveigled by these 
Eumedes and their assoeiates. u the are tvi and weH knoxYn. The 
most sly, dgerous, and eunngLawds,e yourknavish physieians, empyries, 
mass-priests, monks, kjesui, and friars. Though it be against HiI, ptes' 
oth, some of them will give a drain, promue to restore mdenhead, d do 
it witout danger, make an abortion  need Le, keep down the l'aps, der 
conoepton, prure lt, make them able xvith atyrions, and now d then 
mCaç, eleg. 5. llb. I. Venlt in exltium da len meu d 0 I0. met eParabo Bahll. 
fDe it. Em. c. 3. a rorem vtx qu ru hujus ts iam mveieN ante cujua f¢nestram 
non nus g. vel nugigel mer sede quoe eam fabs occvpet, rumvbus pcat, 
ont' . gAcste I an vendebat, et go inqu, atcr, nunquld  ubi ego laUit 9 delec- 
 illa ni tare s et quid nem inquit  cosuxitque et cepit me prcedere; vinam ego 
uta &c., nu video mere et in luçanar me ductu sero egecmtussnlcu 
$1enech. " Uarlo nd Htt mdens d to e quays to aa t e and nation of eve 
ip that aves, aer whi the thIv hen W  the new-me." I lom everbert, 
molHunt dUoq, et vppoum temp ucupm ueoe gent quos 
parant qu vel tur ]ppolitu seret, &c. oe nt nt virgoe aO,riroe quibu- conmcoe 
ad Orc &dunt h.,c glu quo comptoe mentium  evoe nequet, 



6 18 Love-M«lancol#. [P',u't. 3. Sec. 2. 

step in themselves, lqo monastery so dose, bouse so private, or prison so well 
kept, but these honest men are admitted to ceustu-e and ask questious, to feel 
their puise beat al their bedide, and al[ under pretenco of giving l)hyaio. 
ow as for monks, confessors, and friaxs, as he said, 
• ' 1 Non audet Styt, lua Pluto tentare quod audet '* That Stygian PluO dates hot tempt or do 
t'.rerda monw:hua, plenaque flaudts al,us;" I V bat an vl hag or monk wtll undergo ;*" 
either for himselïto stisfy his own lust, for anotherif he be hired thereto, or 
both at once, having such excellent means. For under colour of visitation, 
auricular confession, comfurt and pena,ce, they bave free egress and regress, 
and corrupt, God knows, how many. They tan such trades, some of them, 
practise phyaic, use exorcisms, &c. 
 That lwreaz az ant to «ealk and ER 
T«'e not oealA'a Ihe Limiter himaef, 
]n ever-y bual and under erery, tree, 
'her¢ ne2xi# no otwr lncubu but I 
 In the mountains hetween DauphinéandSavoy, the tHars persuaded the goo,! 
wives to counterfeit themlves possessed, that their husbands mlght give tlwj, 
freo aces, and were so thmiliar in those days wiçh some of them, that, as o,e 
°observes, "wenches could hot sleep in their beds for necromantic iars : and 
the good abbess in Bocaccio may in aome sort witness, that rising betime, 
mistook and put on the fiiar's breeches instead of ber veil or bat." You have 
heard the stotT, I presume, of Plaulina, a chaste marron in YEgesippus, whom 
che of Isis' priests did prostitute to Mundus, a young knight, and ruade ber 
believe it was their god Anubis. Iany such pranks are plyed by ourjesuits, 
sometimes in their own habits, sametimes in others, like soldiers, courtiers, 
citizens, scholars, gallants, and women themselves, lroteus-like, in all forns 
and disgxfises, that go abroad in the night, to inescate and beguile young 
women, or to bave their pleasure of other men's wives; and, if we may believe 
qsome relations, they have wardrobes of several suits in the colleges for that 
purpose, ttowsoever in public they pretend much zeal, seem to ho very holy 
men, and bittexly preach against adultery, fornication, there at-e no vefier 
bawds or whoremasters in a country; "whose aoul they should gain to God, 
they sacrifice to the deviL" But I spare these men for the present. 
The last battering enines are philters, amulets, spells, chaxns, imagcs, and 
such unlawful means: if they cannot prevail of themselves by the help of 
bawds, panders, and their adherents, they will fly for succour to the devil him- 
self. I know there be those that deny the devil can do any such thing (Crato 
e/r/sS. 2. l/b. med.), and many divines, there is no other fascination than that 
which come by the eyes, of which I have formerly spoken; and if you desire 
to be better informed, xad Camerarius, oer. subcis, centS. 2. c. 5. Il wa given 
out of old, that a Thessalian wench had bewitched King lhilip to dote upon 
ber, and by philters enforced his love ; but when Olympia, the Queen, saw the 
maid of an excellent beauty, well brou0ht up, and qualified--these, quoth ahe, 
were the philters which inveigled King Philip ; thosc the truc charms, as 
I-Ienry to osamond, 
• " • One accent from thy lils the hloo¢l more warm 
"lhaa ail the lhilers, exoreiam and eharms.'* 
With this a]one Lucretia brags in tAretine, she could do more than all philo- 
sophem, astrologers, alchymists, necromancers, witches, and the test of the 
crew. As fut- herbs and philters, I eould ever -kill of thym, "The sole 

lEn. Sytv. mChaucer, ln tbe Wife of Bath'ata] aH. Stepham, Apol. Herod. h'b. I. cap. 2L 
eBale. .Puelloe I.n lectis dormDe 10» loterant. PldeJn Josephus, lib. I& cap. 4. qLiber edit. 
Auglxetæ Vfmdelicorum, Au. 1608. r(duarum anime lucran debent Deo, criic&ut diallo, •M Dray- 
tn. Her. epist, t l'ol-nodJdacalo 
l)hilosophL latmlogl, necromantlcl, m., 
thIiter obetupefieri cocgi, ut Instar ldoli me 



philter that ever I used was kissing and emb'aclng, by whieh alone I ma,le 
,,,en rave like beasts stupified, and compeiid them to worship me like an id«,i." 
I n our time. itis a common thing, saith Eratus, in his book de Lamiia, for 
witches te take upon them the making of these i,hilters," uto force men and 
women te love and hate whom they -ill, te cause tempests, diseams," &c. 
by chat'ms, spells, characters, knots.-----=h/c 2"hessala rendit 19hiltra. $t. 
ILierome proves that they eau de if (as in PIilarius' lire, epist, lib. 3) ; he hath 
a story of a young man, that with a philter ruade a rnaid mad for the love of 
him, which maid was after cured by Hilarian. Such instances I find in John 
qider, Formicar. lib. 5. cal». 5. Plutarch records of Lucullus that he died of a 
philter ; and that Cieopatra used phiiters te inveigle Antony, amongst other 
aiurements. Eusebius report. as much of Lucretius the poet. lanormltau. 
lib. 4. de gest..41plwnsi, bath a story of one Stephan, a leapolitan knight, that 
by a philter was forced te run mad for }ove. But of ail others, that which 
Petrarch, eplst, famil, lib. 1. ep. 5, relate of Charles the Great (Charlemagae), 
is most memorable. /:le foolizhly doted upon a woman of mean faveur and 
condition, many years together, wholly delighting in ber company, te the great 
grief and indignation ofhis friends and followers. When she w de«d, ho 
mbrace ber corpse, as Apollo did the bay-tre for his Daphne, a,d caused ber 
coflin (richly embalmed and decked with jewels)te be carr,ed about with him 
over which he still lamented. At la.st a venerable bishop, that fvliowed hi 
court, prayed earnest}y te God (commiserating his lord and master's case) te 
know the tr,e cause of th mad passion, and whence it proceeded ; it was 
revaled te him, in fine, "that the cause of the emperor's mad love lay under 
the dead woman's tongue." The bishop went hastily te the carcass, and took 
a small ring thence ; upon the removal the emperor abhorred the corpse, a»d, 
instead of it fell as furiously in love ith the bishop, he would net uffer him 
te be out of his presence ; which when the bishop perceived, he fltmg the ring 
into the midst of a great lake, vhere the king then was. Frein that heur tho 
emperor neglected ail hL other ho,se dwelt af Ache, built a fair bouse in 
the midst of the marsh, te his infinite expense, and a temple by it, whero 
after he was buried, and in which city all lais posterity ever since used te ho 
crowned, lIarcus the heretic is accused by Irenoeus te bave inveigled a young 
nmid by this means ; and seine writers speak hardly of the Lady Katherine 
Cobham, that by the saine al she circumvented HumphreyDuke of Gloucester 
te be ber hnshand. Syciuius 2Emilianus summoned Apuleius te corne befo 
Cneius lIaxiraus, proconsul of Afriea, that he being a poor fellow, "had 
bewitehecl by phfltex ludentiila, an anciexat rich marron te love him," and, 
Leing ,a'orth se many thousand esterees, te be his wife. Agrippa, lib. 1. 
cap. 48. occult. ældlos. attributes much in this ind te i'hiltcr, amulcts, inmges: 
and Salmutz, cern. in l'androl. Tir. 10. de Horol. Leo/fer. l/b. 3. saith, 'ris an 
orKna 7Practice at Fez in Afiàca, l"rcestigiatm'es ibi pltres, qui co9unt amores et 
cotcubit.us : as skilfui alloutas that Hyperborean magician, of whom Cleodemus, 
in «Lucian, tells se many fine feats performed in this ldnd. But Erastus, 
"Vierus, and others are against it ; they grant indeed such things may be donc. 
but (as Wierus discometh, lib. 3. de Lamiis, Cal». 37.) net by charms, incan- 
rations, philters, but the devil kiraself; lib. 5. 
se doth Freitagius, noe. ted. cap. 7. Andreas Cisalpinus, cap. 5 ; and 
tnuch 8igistnundus Scherecziu., calx 9. de hlrco noct,rto, proves ai large. 

u Sagoe omnes sll arrogant notflara. 
«rdi t«mpat elcltand, morb,»s lnfligenoE  a Juve],s BaL Y Id refe He Koa 
de lr. mor Hb. I. ca;. I Perle amavlt mOier quandam, ilH apleb q. summa c 
h,linatione uo,atm et dolor z Et lnde tos In Epiopm foEer um er a Aquisnu 
vaso Alx b Im s mpl et 
rove oeta foemina ib 



5.90 - £ove-Mda,wl, ly. [Part. 3. Sec. 

,, • Unch.qte women by the help of these witche, the devil's kitc]len maids, 
bave their loves brough to them  the ghg, and oerried back a by 
phantm flying in the ir in the keness of  goût. I bave hd (th he) 
divers confess, çhç they h¢e been so OEed on  goat's hck to the swoet- 
heurts, many mlles in a ght." Ohers are of opinion tht th fts, which 
most suppose to he done by chrm nd phHte, are merely effcted by natura[ 
cauoes,  by mau's blood chemioelly prepared, whieh much av, saith 
Erntus BureaUx, it Lucer,a  et rt IndUe,  amem coian- 
dura et odium (so huntsmen make their dogs love them, and farinera their 
pullen), 'tis an excellent phflter,  he holds, s vulgo pere gran 
but hot fit tobe ruade common : and  be J( i»a, mandmke root man- 
drako rapplea, precious atone, dead mea's cloth, OEmiles, 1 Bchica, 
p.«n poraus, Hyppoma, a ceain hair in a gwoWs rail, oe., of which 
1¢has, Di,)acorides, Porta, Wucker, Rub2a, M-ddtts, bertua, trot: 
swallow's beaU, dt of a dovds henri, .n ,k,,»a vale linguoe vlpefafan, cere- 
be asinorum, [a ui, pMlloht quibus iafan obvduti nascuntur, funis 
stangti h.»min, pis  n AquJ, &c. See more h Scken 
observat, medici,l, lib. 4. &c., which are  forcible, and of  much tue as 
that funtain Salmac in hVitruvi, OvioE Strabo, that ruade aH such mad for 
love that drank ofit, or that hot bzth at i Ak h Germany, whein Cupid once 
dipt his arrows, which ever sinoe hath a peculiar virtue to make them loyers ail 
that wash h if. But hear the poet's owa description of it, 
'. k Unde hic le,or uls te epentibu u ? I Inquit, et h pharetr slnt monumenh 
Tcla oHm hic lude i:n tinxit or; [ Ex o feeç ue hic mergitur hosp 
Et gaudens ido novo, fee pcrenn C non trier pecto, 
These abovnamed remedies hve hppily s much power as tiret baçh of Aix, 
or Vem' enchnted roee,  wch, ith Hztzles Cornes, " Love toys and 
dHnce, plentnes, sweetn uons, subtleti, ntle speeches, 
ail witchcra to enforce love w contined." d moto of these in Agrippa 
de occulg. 1%i. lib. 1. cap. 50.  45. MMleu% &. t. 1. oe. 7. 
Delrio, tare. 2. q. 3. [ib. 3. Wies, Pomp,mati, cap. 8.  ia. Ficin 
lib. 13. TI. Plot. Calcag, &c. 

ZIEMB. Iii. 
Symptbms or signs of Love-Melanclwly, in Body, Min goo 
SYoMS are either of body or md ; of by, leness, leann, dffn 
&c.  allid n a, oe h t apt amanti, as the poet dcribe» 
lovem:fadta»tc&m, love OEeth leanness, mAcenna & II&It c. 33. 
" makes hollow ey. dn sptoms of ts dise,  go smg fo them- 
selv, or tg as ff they saw or heard some delectable object." VaHeriol 
loE. 3. obs, c«tp. 7. Laurentins, cap. 10. fius ZIontalt 
Lan, epit. 24. l. 1. ept. d. defiver as muc 
corpus grac, oculi ca, lean, paleu nis qui prsit cib 
,'  one who tr, d with ked/bot ua a snake," hoow-eyed, thek ey 
« lmpuoe mueres ora venefim, diabo coquam, amator u   n dunt et dueun 
mi[eo rci in re von[ mtos no qui c  s & fMe appl mni OE heroE 
bi   g Of w r Ph . p. 2 et  15  .  Qtan, li 7. h Lib. I 1.  8. Vene 
implicat e, qui   bibL Idem . Me • Stb Gg. 1. 1 L Guiccie dp 
A, lU  Gcr. k Bthe Vene  quo  et dc Hui benevolet et btti 
sion, fraud et veneficia udetur. «" euoe   to wte bubbng  the ld mo 
h? Cup once un a Bine py oe hern hh a of stl. d dht th e hng 
od, he i bofl on for ever, and rein e memo of my quiv. From 
In w few venture  b but whever dot. h h  utly u th love" IO 
Fi¢ hune amor 1 colotw, Met • m $ia ej p t' xvmio 1, 
rt pe dent u,bi,  si qu dbHe ide,-en aut auenh 



Mem. 3.] I/mptorts of Love. 551 
hidden lu thcir headq,---  Towr?ue nftidi c cec , they rio 
way, aad loek iH ith wag, r, sigha. 
" Et q tenebant sta Phoeb fl 
0 n gentfl n patn 
"And ey that once rivled the loc of Phoebus," lose tho patrl 
parera1 Imtre." SVith oans, grief, ess, due, 
__,* o Nua Jam Ce subit 
Ca sut sutls 
nt of appetite, &c. A reou of ail thé, p Jo Pra ves, « heu 
of the distraction of the pirits the liver doth hot peoEorm h pa, nor tns 
te ameut in bloed as iç ought, and for that cae the memrs are weak 
for want of sustenance, they are leau and pine,  the herbs of my gaen do 
this month of [ay, for waat of raira" The een niches therefo oen 
happeneth  young women, a cachera or  evil habit fo men, bide their 
ordi, ary sighs, complats, and lentatious, wch m'e too frequent. 
drops from a still,--ut occluso stil[ut ch iy lir, doh Cupid's e 
voke tea om a trne loyers eye% 
« q e mlgh Ma dld off for Ven us shfle  __- r Ils tiHat In unda 
Prlvily moistening his ho check [ T et Ig q tiEat ora qr,  
th many such ke psiom. Vhen Chariclia w euamoured of Theagln, 
m Heliodorus sets ber out, "she w hall dtract, and spake she knew 
hot what, sighed to hee hy much awe, and  ]eau upon a sudden :" 
and when she  besoted on ber son-in-hw, "r form, 
oeil, &c., she hoe ugy lens, hoHow eyes, stl thought% short  &c. 
Eurialis,  an epistle nt to Lucret, h mistress, compin amont other 
grievances, t mili  somi e coEi m «bstulti, thon bas taken my stomach 
and my sleep ri'oto me. So he dcfis it adght: 
His sle. Ai# m.al, Aiz d.k, in Aire berefl,- 
T/* ln he wah, a drp a a 
i ey ! a gly fo behold 
Hi Iww pale d ah fo unfo 
nd obta he was ever one, 
And aki ail the nht  mo u 
Thcritus EdyL 2. mak a f md of Delhos, in love with a young 
of Minda, oenfe  ranch, 
 Ut vldi ut inan ut anlm mlhl maie aff est, ttO ner en I h than m I w 
Miroe mihi forma bebaç neque amph mpam ly u fa' aud [ no more did 
Ullum curabam, sut quando domum redoeram For any pom [ knew hot where 1 w 
ovl, sed me ardens quitta morb con.ume But slck I w and evfl I did fre  
Dubui  lecto e dm, et noc dem» I Lay un my d n y and nigh. 
Deflueban capite caI,oE iç»uo  req A elen I w   men'a sigh" 
O et 
AI1 the ssions a we extssed by = that heroil t  the perron of 
Dido : 
*'At non fx anlml Fhoenb nec quam I "Unappy DI 6 hot fl at 
lvitur  mN uque  Dtol-e are$ [ But  aw and kes  
Aoelptt  gemmaut c rmque «gc d up she g agai whfi re md e 
t or,"  d rag ve t ber breasa" 
Acctmq SanazaE, Eç« 2.  Ga[., in the saine mater feins 
Lychoris Ytocnting heeff for nt of s[eep, sighing, sobbing, and lamen 
ihg; and Etathius  hh Ismem much troubled, and "ptiug st heat, 
st the sight of h mtre," he cod hot sleep,  bed w hor a Ail 
u Senee Hi o eca  • De orl eere de e amora Oh aplum dition 
hepar o«io uo non funt, n verfit lme.tum m ne ut debeaU Ergo membra debfli& et 
pensa b oel marc lenue u herbœe In horto m hoe men Mo  ob 
dcftu q Faede Queen t. & nt t t. r Amator Em & e LIK • imo e et qdv 
obd loqoE,  abue a«a emte%  auoe co eubi amlsit, t Ap u Cuoer, 
In the ight'e Ta  Vg.  4.  D vaga pm dera fulg nume log tfi 
hor et lto u ¢ubi eirau,lo era pig alieb creb pd cor  p 
I.ne$ a Gor a 2 amRtant  cib tt, et maoet do tm cor,ua 



52 ot.e-3IelancIwl#. [Part. 3. Sec. 2. 
make lnn, want of appetite wan of sleep ordiry syml»ms, and by 
that meaa they are brought oen  low,  much alred and chmgcd, that 
 b he jted  the oemedy, "one ce knows them te be thc me men." "Atent Juvenum latoe ra nte 
aque et mc q fit amo dolor." 
Y,[y such çtoms there are of the body te ce ]ove y,u 
be « are»n? C a ma ith Solomo Prov. vK 27, cay tire in hh 
besoin and net burn2 it w[ll hardly be hld; though they de a they oen te bide 
it, it mus out, plus çm m $i may bo dcribed, ççu« 
teyitar, ltus  œeslua ynis, 'Tw iphan the comian's obsea- 
tion of old, Love d drunkes canner be conceale Cdare alia ss, 
/,,'oeter d, viz otum, &c. words, looks, gestur, all wl betmy thern ; but 
two of tho mos notable sgns are obse by the pulse and countenanco. 
Vhen Antiochus, the son of Seleucus, was sck for Stranice, hls mother-in- 
law, and would net cooEs his ief, or the cause of hh dise, Ertmtu 
the physchn, found him by  puo and countenace te be in love with her, 
,, d bause that wheu she oeme in prence, or w named, his pe vari, 
and he blushed bide" In t very rt w the love of Callcl, he sou 
of Polycles, discover by Panacoea tho phys[cçn, as you may rcad tho sto 
at large in eArtœenetu By the saine si Galen bm tha he fod out 
Jua, Boëthi he consul's wifo, te dote on Pylad the player, beoee at 
naine still sho both alred pe and countenance,  fPolyarchus did at he 
ame of Argenis. Fmnc alius, l. 3. ctr. 13. . contr, de 
thero h any such puls ati, or that love may ho se dierned; but 
Avicenna confirms th of len ou of his experience, l. 3.  ]. and 
Gordonius, cap. 20. "gThelr pœe, he sth,  inohate and sç,  she go 
by whom he love" nus, ea 24. l. 1. K $. Nevhoen, l. 4. 
u. 66. syl. nupthl, VesoEs de Taranta, Gane, T,'act. 15. ale- 
riola sets down t for a symptom, " Difference of pu, neglcct of busin, 
want of sleep, often ighs, blu»hlngs, when there is any spoech of their mrs» 
tre manifcst sis." But amongs the rest, Joseph Stthiu that Polo 
in the fifth book, cap. 17. of h Doctre of Poes, holds that this and all 
other l»slons of the mind y bo ovemd by the pu. "id  you 
• vill lnow, saith he, v]mther the men suspected be such or such, touch the 
ares," &c. And in his fouh book, fouoenth chapter, ho sp of 
pailar pulse, "kLove makes an uneql pu," &c., he gives inshnce of 
a gentlewoman, a lmien of h, whom by his mes he fod te be much 
enamoured, and with whom : he named many perso, but at the la when his 
naine came whom he suspected, "m ber puise begau te , d te 
swter, and se by vften foeling ber pulse, ho perceived what the malter w." 
Apollonius, Argonm«$. lib. 4. pocticay seg down the meeting of 
and Mede makes them both o blh aç one another' sight, and a the 
th«y were no able te spak. 
  n tus Paeno 
Tremo, oeue po[Qm pe 
Phoeda trembled a the sight of Thais, ohe swt, blow sho, Cra 
munt ac poplit,are troubled with palpition of hea upon the 
vccion, c romum i, ith °ristœenetus, the het  at their mou 
b Ter. Eunuch. DIi bo quid hec et, adeone hom]nes mutaE ex amo ut on co eundem 
e I ¢ Ovl& Met. 4. " e more il b conced the more it ggles  brk thrvh 
e t." d Ad eJs nomen b$ et ad tum pu vaebt. P]ur.  Ep. i& t Bk. 
hb. t. Oc meco more ent, g Fu m velox et orna g roulier Qm amat fob 
trauL h Sla eunt atio ab  opere ueto, pvm mnç p «ebr r c rot 
,» e re , et mmotio p i Si nore via a h,,mm susfi  sin  m 
aefia k Amer t lnu inordio& 1 In nob, c o Qm,m bor 
adulte a i eptam et Çusm lt &e. m pit dli pua var et fe oelcriu et 
InvenL  Euc t. . . 2. o Ep. 7. b.  Tener udr  r tlllt 



]tem. 3.] çj,nplorns of Zoo, e. 033 
leaps, theso burn anti fi,eze (for love is fi, ice, hot, eold, itch, lever, n, 
pleuy, what not), theylook pale, red, and ¢ommonly blush af the fit ¢on- 
groes; and someLes through viden agitation of spid bleed a nooe, or 
vhen he is talked of; wch ve igu » Eustathius mak an arm¢nt of 
Ismeue's affection, tt wheu she met ber sweeth by chauoe, she chand 
ber countenance to a maiden-blus 'T a common thing amont loyer, 
q ArnuIphus, that merT-conceited bhop, bath weH expred  a facetious 
epim of bis, 
"terno fies slbi dat r.pona bnr [ "eir fac answer, and  blhg 
Et tener afftum prot utr pudor," &c. Bow both «ffecoEd ar they do betra}ç" 
]}ut the best conjectus a taken ri-oto such symptoms  apar hen they 
are both present; all the spoeches, amous glan, tions, lcivious ges- 
tur ll bctray them ; they c:mnot contain themselves, but that they wl be 
still ing. rStratocles, the physicn, upo his wng-dy, wben he 
his meat for kissing the bride, &c. Fiat a word, and teu a ss, theu some 
other compliment, and then a , then au idle question, then s ks, and wheu 
he hd pumd h wits dry, can y no mo, kiing and coing are never 
out of oeon, *Hoc   inci]tq snp,' never sg  end, tanother 
ks, d then another, another» and another, &c.] s 0 
Corne ks me Con  
u u Cenm b&sla etie ,, x flr ve a hund 
Centum ba mie Then a tn then tnother 
ille la mi]lie dre en  the other 
Et tot mita mll]ieq, AOE • o mtd  mor" 
Qnot t eu]o 
Qu»t sunt sidera 
lttls puuteie 
igam conto lmm  
 formo Noer (As Cslullus fo 
a mihl bia mHl deinde oentum, 
Deln mille ter  secda centm, 
e nsq altera millt deindc centm." 
OEill you equal with the store, a the ass, &c. So Venus d by Ler A,lonis 
the moon with Endymion, they ara still llying and coHing,  so many ,loves 
C'olubate ba centes labis» and that with alty and codage, 
Os, et spirant rennt dentib 
tTare mso e t  inde lça tnt, c«ce çecllnata, « as Lampas 
in Lucian kissed Thais, Plippus her in toenet," a»e lmpha m 
furi adltoet, ut v£x br« lve oet, tum os mih oent ; bArete's 
Lucreti by a stor of hc - so sMuted, and 'ris their ora fhiom 
Atq çrmt arctè figent ¢ula" 
Thcy cnnot, I say, ¢onin themlv, they s-BI be stBI hot only jolug 
hands, kissg, but bracing, treadg on their t, &c., g into the.r 
boiras, and that lib, et  ctatlone,  CPostratus confess¢th to h 
natress; and Lampri in Lucian, JIaillas e, T« num cm 
dextrd, &c., feelg their paps, and that soerce honestly sometim; as the old 
an in the «Comedy weH oboerved of his son,  o  am manum 
ltuic puelloe in = iee  id hot I see thee put thy hand  ber 
bosom] go t% ith ary such love tricks. *J=no in Lw_'t aru»» tom. 3. 
• LIK !. q LexovieneiS eplsc t eodo prodromus Amsrto dlaL imo teret. 
• Petro CataL t Sed um ego ue et um Petam k luis be& postque unum et 
da rogabo. Loecheus An u Jo. Secund b*. ?. XTransls orimitad by M. B. John 
our arch poe in I.ie 119 ep. • LuereL 1. 4. -- Lu d. Tom. 4. Merik d et epeen 
a Ei 1. b I»educto ore lougo me io dcmmoe e  m as tango,   Ten 



554 Zove-Melancttoly. [Part. 3. Sec. 2. 
dicd. 3. complaîns to Jupiter of Ix_ion, "fhe looked so attentively on ber, an,l 
sometimes would sigh and weep in ber company, and when I drank by chance, 
and gave Ganymede the cup, he would desire to drink still in the ver T cup that 
I drank of, and in the saine plae where X drank, and would kiss the cup, and 
then look stcadily on me, and sometimes sigh, and then ain smile." If it 
be so they cannot corne near to dally, bave noç that opportunity,amiliarity, or 
acquaintance fo couler and taik together; yet if they be in presence, their eye 
will betray them : Ubi amor ibi oculus, as the common saying is, "whel 
look X like, and where I like I love;" but they will lose themseIves in hec looks 
"Alter In a]terins Jactantes lumina vultt, 
Quarebant taci:l noter ubl eet amor." 
"They cannot look offwhom they love," they will imprrr« em ip oculi, 
deflower ber with their eyes, ho stiil gazing, sçariug, sealing faces, smiling, 
glancing at ber, as gApoilo on Leucothoë, the moon on laer h F.ndymion, when 
she sçood still in Caria, and at Latmos cau ber chariot tobe stayed. They 
must all staud and admire, or if she go by, look afer ber as lon as they can 
see ber, slae is anbnoe «uriy«, as Anareon cMis ber, they cannot go by ber 
door or window, but, as an adamant, slae drvs their eyes o it; tlaough she be 
hOt tlaere prient, tlaey mus needs glance çhat way, and look back to i. 
Aristoenetus of iF-içhemus, Lueian, in lais Imagin. of himself, and Ttlus of 
Clitophon, sy as much, I[le ocuos de Leucppe kuw]uam dejiciebat, and 
rnany loyers confess when they came in their mistroE presence, they couid hot 
hold off their eyes, but looke, l wistfully and steadily on ber, inconnivo aspectu, 
with much eagerness and g'reediuess, as if they would look through, or slaould 
never bave enough siglat of her. Fixi, ardens obtutibus hwre; so she will do 
by him, drink to him with ber eyes, nay, drink him up, devour him, swallow 
him, as ]lartial's ][amurra is remembered to bave doue : Inspexit nollesptwros, 
oculisçue comedit, &c. There is a pleasant storT to tlais purpose in Aravat.Ver - 
tom. lib. 3. cal». 5. The sultan of Ssn's wile in Ar.bia, because Vertomanuus 
was fair and w]xite, could not look off him, from sunrising to suusetting; she 
could hot desist; she mde him one dy corne into ber chamher, oe 
orce spatio intueb«tur, on à n unguam aciem oculorum avertebat, n obser- 
vans veluti Cupidbtem quendam, for two hours' space she stfll gazed on him. 
A young man in ILucian feil in love with Venus' picture; he came every mora- 
ing to ber temple, and there continued ail day long mfrom sunrising to suuset, 
unwilling to go laome at night, sitting over against the oddess s picture, he did 
continuallyiook upon ber, and mutter to himselfI know hot what. If so be they 
cannot see them whom they love, they wiil still be walking and wait.ing about 
their mistresses' doors, taking ail opportunity to see them, as in =Longus 
Sophista, Daphnis and Chloe, two loyers, were stiil hovering atone another's 
gates, he sought ail occasions to be in ber company, fo hunt in summer, and 
catch birds in the frost about ber father's bouse in the winter, that she might 
see him, .and he ber. "°A kins palace wa hot so diligently attended," 
saith Aretine's Lu¢q'etia, cas my bouse was when I lay in Pwme ; the porch 
and street was ever fuil of some, walking or riding, on set purpose to see me 
their eye was stiil upon my window; as they passed by, they could hot choos 
but look back to my house when they were past, and sometimes hem or cough, 
or take some impertinent occasion fo speak aloud, that I might look out and 
observe them." 'Tis so in other places, 'ris common to every loyer, 'tis ail his 
f Attentt adeo In me t,pexit, et intertlum Inzemlscebat, et lachrwnabatur. Et i quando bibenx 
$ Quiqne omnia cernere debes Leucothoeu apecta, et vrgine ttgis "in tma qtms mtmdo debes oculos, Ovid. 
Met. . h Lucia tom. & qnoties ad Cariarn venL currmn aigris, et desuper aspeeta 1 Ex quo 
te primurn rldl Pythia slib oculos vertere non fuit. k Lib. 4. i Dial. Amont m Ad occasum 
soli oegï- d0mnm redien% arque roture dlem ex advero deoe xlen$ re¢t& In lpsam perpetuo ocnlorum 
direxit,  m Lib. 3. o Regnm lmlatium non tare ¢[ilienti cttto[ia septum fuit, a oede 
*tipabant, &¢ 



Iem 3.] ,çVrnltor of Love, 555 
fecity tobe wlth ber, fo talk with ber ; he  ner we]l but in ber oempany, 
nd wi wlk "P çen or eight rimes a«lay throuh the strvvt where she 
dwel and make slveles erran to see ker ;" p[otting stoE where, when 
awl how to sit ber, 
"q ve b oe 
Com rpett 
An,l when he is gone, he th every miroite 
dy, ten days a whole yr, tl he soe ber aain.  Temora  nur e 
çuoE um moE$. nd  thou 
onum, fsoE, v, farewell swthe, , e«si» Argent, oec. Far 
wc[[ my dear Argenis, once more çar¢we[[, fwe[[. nd though ha  go mee 
ber by compact, and that very shotly, perchanco to-morrow, yet loth to 
depa, he'H take his 1 agMa and a and then corne back ag:t, look 
aKer, and shake hh hand, wave his kat afar off Now gone, ha thinks it long 
ti ha seo r again, and she hi the cloc aro scly set bac the 
pt, 
« t Roi mo#oon   Rodophela P 
a procure lempus  qaer." 
hc loo out aL window st to sco whcthcr 
wcnt nine tim  thc sidc tlmt y,  eo iï ber Dcmophoon we proh- 
ing, nd u Tro  to thc ciy gtes fo look foc hi, Çrecido. 
and ick till she æc h again, ovh in thc mentimc 
sad, and why oemes ho Dot  whcrc is ho  why br ho promue  why rat- 
ries ho  long  mire he is hot wcll ; sure ho hth somc chanco; sure he 
forgcts hioEself nd me ; with infini such. And thon oenfident Mn, up she 
gcts, out shc looks, li and qcs, hcrkcns, kcns ; 
sure ho, evcry sting in thc strt, now ho 
 aoli d jra, ., OEc longe day tht evcr w, so c xvcs, r- 
less and impatient ; for A»r n ur 
timc's quickly gone tht's spcnt in ber company, thc cs sho, thc way 
]cant; ail wethcr  go whHst ho gocs to ber hoc, hct or cold; thongh 
s tecth chuter in h head» ho moves hot; wct or, 'tis a one; wct to the 
s, ho fee if hot, cr hot ai let for it, but  ily endure it nd ranch 
mo, bu it  donc with alrity, and for  mistrd sweet skc ; ht the 
burdcn bc nevcr so hvy, love mak it Hght. xJcob 
for achcl, and it s qck]y gonc bec,de ho lord ber. onc so meTy 
if ho my hppi]y cnjoy ber comny, ho 
may hot, dcjectcd  an int, sotary, silt, ho depuis wccpg, lamenLg, 
signg, complag. 
But the sympms of the mlnd  loyers arc a]most fite, and so divers, 
that no ai oen oemprchcnd thym; thoh thcy bc mc somctim, nd pt 
beyond themse]vcs for joy : et most pa ]ove  a p]ac, a urc» a hcll, 
a bittcr sweet i,sion t lt ; y X m  afe 
d du et ammm. 'T sua amant» dont detabg, hre 
 t Et me meHe bnt 
Et me foee nt or « 
e  summer fly or sph$s  or a rainbow of  colou» 
fa, fouL an fu of tion, though most 
word, the Spsh Inqition  hot comoEble to it 
P U   e etti v teptlm ambnt  udem 
pt h & T MOE q H. r oei 
ctt tolet  t8 cu n Chau. ffi Gem  20. Y Pntu CteL t Stobœe  Groec 
• ' we n honey it pl me, more biffer  g it 



556 Love-J£eY.anchgly. [Part. 3. Sec. 2. 
cut;on" as if is, as he calls it in the poet, an unquenchable rite, and what hot 
bFrom it, saith Austin, urise " biting cares, pertm-bations, pasious, sorrow., 
leurs, suspicions, discontents, contentions, discords, wars, treacheries, enmitie.s, 
flattery, cozening, riot, impudence, cruelty, knavery," &c. 
,, e dolor, querelm, , Aut si triste magts potest qld e 
Lamentatio, lachrymœ perennes ] Itos tu das comite ,%eœr 
Le.uguor, anx.ietas, amaxiudo; 
These be the companions of loyers, and the ordinary symptoms, as the poe 
repeats thcm. 
*° dI.n amore hee insunt vttis, 
Suspiciones, inimicitioe audacL 
e [nsomnla, 'umna, errer, terror, et fuis, I °' In love these vices are ; suspicions, 
Excogit&ntia excors lmmodestia [ Peace, wrl and impudence, detrsction& 
Petulantla, cupidita, et malevolentla ; Dreams, caves, and errors, tcrrors and affrtghta, 
Inlueret eti&m avttaa, desidm, tnjm'ia lmmodest prgnks, deviccs, sleighta and f]tghts, 
InopLt, contumelia et dispendium," &c. lleart-burnm-,, want, neglects, desire of 
Loss contmuttI, expeuse, and hurt a, rnong.  
Everypoet is full ofsuch cata]o,tes of love syrnptom; bu fear and sorrow' 
rnay jutly ch.llenge the chier ]»lace.. Though Hercules de Saxoni, cap. 3. 
T-at. de menc/t, will exclude iar from love-melancholy, ye I ara otherwi.e 
persuaded, fRes est sol2icii p/ena tbnor/a «mer. 'Tis full of fe'r, anxiety, 
doub, cave, peevishness, suspicion; it turns a man into a woman, which ruade 
tteiocl belike imt Fear and P'leness Venu' dughters, 
--*' Marri clypeo atque arma seeantl 
A]ma Venus peperit Pailorem, unaque Timorem:  
because fearand love "re still linkecl together. Moreover they are ap to mis- 
take, amplit, too credu]otts sometimes, too full of hope anti confidence, and 
then ag'aLu very jealous, unapt to believe or entertain any good news. The 
comical poet hath prettily painted out tla passage alnongst the test in 
logue betwixt Mitio and 2E»chines, a gentle father and " lovesick son. " 
of good cheer, my son, thou shaIt bave ber to wife. _/E. A_h father, do you 
mock lne ttow | M. I lnock thee, why I 2. That which I so earuestly de,ire, 
I more StLSpect and fear. M. Get you home, and send for ber to be your wile. 
.E. Vhat now a wife, now fther," &c. These douUt, anxieties, suspicions, 
are the leat px of their torrnents; they break many times from passions to 
actions, speak fairæ and flatter, now lnot obsequiou» and willing, by and by 
they are averse, wrang]e, fight, -wear, quareel, laugli, weep, and he tha doth 
trot so by flt.q, hLucian holds, is hot t.horoughly touched with toE loadtone of 
love. So tlaeir actions and paions are intermixed, but of ail other pa&sion, 
sotrow bath the greatest slaare; iIove to inany is bitterne itself r«r 
lato calls it, a bitter I)otion, an agony, a plague. 
" Eripite htmc peatem perniclemque Irdld ; [  O take away thl$ plague, thl m]sehief fr.,m me, 
{tlÆ mihi s,brepen* imos ut torpor lat artu.% | SÇhicil a a numbne. over ail my boJy, 
Expulit ex omni pectore lmtitia&" | EzpeL my joys, and, makes my sorti so he,v¥." 
Yhoecha had a taxe touch of this, when he cried ou 
' ko Tl,is, utinam esset mi/ I u O "l'hai, would thon hatlt of these my palos a p-trt, 
Pars mqua amoria tecnm, se paritër fleret rit [ Or a if doth me now so if woulti m.ke theo 
Aut hoc tibi dolert itadem ut mihl doleL" 
So tmd tha young man, when he roared agaln for àiscontent, 
*« 1 Jacter, ©roclor, agitor, stimu]ur [ *' I ara vext and tos'd, and rsck'd on love's 
Versor in mnor,a rota miser [ Where not I ara  bttt where ara, do hot feel." 
Exanimor. fvror, distreltor, derip|or Jan|mire" I 
Ubi eum, ibi non sure ; ubi non sure, ibi et 
The rayon in tnLucian ruade ber moan to Venus, that ]ae was a]most deaxt for 

b De clvitat, h'b. 2. cap. 20.. Ex eo oriuntur rnordaces eure, perturb&tionea, moerores, formidinea, insan& 
gau6ia, disordie, lire.% bella, lnsitltle, iracundi, inimicitioe, fallaioe, adttlittio, ff'art.% ftlrtutr nequltia, im- 
pudentia. © Marulins, L L d Ter. Eunttcl • Pluttt_% ttercat, fovid. 8 .delphi, A'-t. 4. 
scea. -. M. Bono nlmo es, duces uxorem hane, EsoEnes. E. Hem. pater, nnm tu I ddis Hle tlutle ? M. Eto te 
te, qumobrem ? E. Quod ta, m Hlisere cuplo, &.e. h Tom 4. dlal. mnorurn, l Aristotte, 2. Rttet. 
love theraf.Jre in the lra.iblc p,rt. OvioE k Ter. Eunueh. Act. 1. se. 2. li'iautus, m l'oto. & 



Mem. 3.] ,ffgmltoms of£ore. 557 

love, pereo equlden, amore, and ai'ter a long tale, sho broko off abruptly an,1 
wept, "nO Venus, thou knowest my poor heart." Charmides, in Lucian, 
,vas no impatient, that he sobbed and sighed, and tore his hair, and said he would 
bang himseoE "I ara uudone, 0 sister Tryphena, I cannot endure these love 
pan ; what shall I do " Vos 0 dii Averrunc 8oh' me hs vu, 0 ye 
gods, free me from these cares and miseries, out of the angish of his soul, 
»Theocles prays. Shall I say, most part of a lover's ILf is full of agony, 
anxiey, fear and grief, complaints, sighs, suspicions, and cares heigh-ho 
heart is wo), full of silence and irksome sofitariness 
"Frequenting shay bowers in discOntent, 
To the air hi fruitless clamours he wKl vent," 
e.c«p a suca tmcs ha he hah uc« ierv«, p]easan ga]es, or sudden 
altemtions, as if his mistres smile upon him, give him a good look, a kiss, or 
that some comïort&ble message be brought him, his service i accepted, &c. 
He i then too confident and rapt beyond hmself, as if he had heard 
nightingale in the spring bcfore the cuckoo, or as 
presence, Quia unuam bac norta vit ta glorlosum corpus vhllt ? humai- 
Saten transcender vdeor, &c. who ever saw so glorious a sight, what man cver 
enjoyed such del]ght? ]Kore content cauot be given of the gods, wished, had 
or hoped of any mortal mare Ïhexe is no hapçiness in the world comparable 
to hic, no content, no joy to thi, no life to love, he is in paradise. 
" Quis m« na Ivt foeUcior ? aut raagis bac est I "Who Ives 
Opmndura vita dicero quia pot¢ri ? la thi out lif ma S 
H will no change fortune in tha case with a prince, 
Donec gratueram t|bi, 
Perarum vigul rege beatlor." 
The PerAan kings are not so jovial as he is, 0 '.fs$us dle$ lwmin£s, 0 happy 
day ; so Choerea exclaims when he came ri'oto Pamphil h sweetheart well 
pleased, 
«' lun¢ e pmfectb Intercl tmm pevpeti me 
le hoc gaudium conter t aliqus ErtuLue." 
"IIe could fiud in hi heart to be killed instantly, lest if he lire longer, somc 
sorrow or sickness should contaminate hLs joys."  little after, he was so 
merrily sut upon the saine occasion, thaç he could hOt contain himsel£ 
• ,U 0 lmpularea, e¢qu|s m vtvit h«di frtunatir ? 
Stam otauem esteuder¢ ;" 
" Is'ç possible (0 my counçrymen) for any living to be so happy as rayself 
No sure it cannot be, for the gods bave shown ail their power, all gheir good- 
ness in me." Yet by and by when this young gallant was crossed in 
weach» he lament» and cries and roars dowa-right : OccidiI ara 
undone, 
' Neque vtrgo est usqusm, neque eo, qn|  conpeetu llarn ara]si meo, 
U bi quoeram, ubi investigem, quem percuncer, qum 
« The vlrgin's gone, and I ara gone, she's gone, she's gone, and what shall 
where shall I seek ber, where shall I find ber, whom shall I ask ? what way, 
what course shall I take? whag will become of me "x 
agebag, he was weary of Iris lire, sick, mad, and desperae, 
auid hic, quo nur me proecIoite datera. "Tis not Ghoerea's case this alone, 
but his, and his, and every lover's in the like stae. If he hear ill news, bave 
bad succss in lais suit» shc ft-owa upon him» or taat his mistrec in his presence 



58 Lot-Meanc7w?y. [Paz. 3. Sec. 

respect an ,ther more (as ZHoedu observes) "prefer another suitor, speak more 
t:tmiliarly te Mm, or use more kindly than himself, if by nod, stalle, message, 
she discloseth herself te another, he is instantly tormented, none se dejected 
as he in," utterly undone, a castaway, sIn quem./brtuna omnia odiorura suorum 
crudd/ss'raa tea exo»rat, a dead man, the scorn of foîtune, a monster of fox-- 
tune, worso than nought, the loss of a kingdom had been les bAretine's 
Lucretia ruade very good proof of this, as she relates it hersclf. "For whcn I 
mde seine of my suitors believe I would betake mysclfto a nuunery, they took 
on, as if they had lest father and mother, because they were for ever after te 
want my company." Omnes labores levsfuvre, all other labour was light : c but 
this might net be endm'ed. T«i carendum quod erat" for I cannes ho 
• vithout thy company," mournful Amyntas, painful Amyntas, careful Amyntas; 
btter a metropolitn city were sacked, a royal army ovcrcome, an invincible 
armada sunk, and t'ety thousand kings shotld perih, tban ber little finger 
ache, se zealous are they, and se tender of her good. They would ail tm-n 
friars for my sake, as she follows it, in hope by that meoEns te meet, or see me 
again, as my coafessors, aS stool-ball, or aS barley-break : And se a:rwards 
vhen an importunate suitor came, "dIf I had bid my maid say that I was net 
aS leisure, net within, busy, could net speak with him, ho was instantly asto- 
nished, and stood like a pillar of marble; another went sweax'ing, chafing, 
cursing, foaming, e]lla sibl vox itsa Jovis viole,tior ird, cure tonat, &o. tho 
voice of a mandrake had been sweeter music: "but he te whom I gave 
entertainment, wasin the Elysian fields, ruvished for joy, quite beyond himself." 
'is the geneml humour of ail loyers, she is their stern, pole-star, and guide. 
tdeliziunu animi, deliluiumue sui. As a tulipant te the sun (which out- 
herbalists call Narcissus) when it shines, is Admirandus flos ad radtbs solis s« 
pandwns, a glofious flower exposing itself; gbut when the sun sets, or a tem- 
pest cornes, it hid itselï, pines away, and bath no pleasure left (which 
Carolus Gonzaga, Duke of Iantua, in a canse net unlike, sometimes used for 
au impress), de ail inamorat te their mistress; she istheir stm, their Prlmum 
wb//e, or anima informans; this h one bath elegantly expressed by a wind- 
mil1, still moved by the wind, which otherwise bath no motion of itself. Sic 
tua ni s]iret gratia, truncus ero. " He is wholly animated frein ber breath," 
his seul lives in ber body, i sola clavez ltabet interltds et salutis, she keeps the 
keys of his life: his fortune ebbs and flows with ber faveur, a gmcious or bad 
aspect turns him up or down, Mens mea leacit Luvia lu:e tuâ. Howsoever his 
present state be pleasing or displeasing 'tis continuate se long as he kloves, ho 
cxn de nothing, think of nothing but ber; desire bath no test, she is his cynosure, 
hesperus and vesper, his morning and evening star, his goddess, his mistress, 
his lit, his sou1, his everything; ch'eaming, wa-king, she is always in 
mouth ; his heart, his eyes, ears, and ail his thoughts are full of ber. 
His Laura, his Victorina, his Columbina, :Flavia, 'laminJa, Coelia, Delia, or 
lsabeila .(call ber how you will), sbe is tho ole object of his senses, the sub- 
stance f his seul, n/du/us animoe sutt, he magnifies ber above measare, totus in 
//br, fuil of ber, can breathe nothing but ber. "1 adore ]Keleboea," saith love- 
si ck ] Calisto, "I believe in Melebœea, I honour, admire and love my Meleboea; 
lfis seul was soused, imparadise.q, imprisonel in his lady. "Vhen  Thais 
took hcr leave of hœedria,nti lhria, e nunuid aliud vis ! Sweet- 

Lib. l. de contemn, smorilms. S! quem allure re«pexerit arnica suvtus, et famflisrius, si quem a]oqnnta 
fuerit, si nutu, nuncio, &. statim oeucistttr, • Cslisto in Celeina. b Porllodida.c. dia, L ltaL 
l'stre et marre se aiguli orbos censebant, quod meo contubernio carendum esset, e Ter. Sui caren- 
dura quod erat. d Si reeponsum easet dominsm o¢eupalsm esse aliLqlue vacaret, file mtaclm -ig 
lïo sudito velut in marmor obrigait, ski ce dmnxre, &c. st eui fsvebam, in campts Elysiis esse videb,tur, dtc. 
e.ntuan, f Lecheu g Soie se ocealt&ste, out tempeatate venlente, tsttm c]suditttr me languecit 
b Ernblem amas 13. i CalLsto de Meleboe& k &nlms non est ub| anmttt ced bi amaS. 1 Celetnc" 
sct. L c.rclo in Melebleam, &c. m Ter. Lum,ch. ct. I. ac. . 



lIem. 3.] ,.ymlatoms .f  ,ve. 
heart (sh id) will vou command me y rucher servico  he ready rei,e,I , 
d gave  thh cllage, 
--" egone quld relira  ] ss Dost k (my dear) wh8t sei 
Diea nocesquc amca me, me dider [ o love me day and night is a 1 crav 
[e eper, me  obiect, me to  Depend an hup tUB covet e to 
ble t poatremb tm qudb ego em tu8." Diizht thyseg  me, be whiiy mtn 
Fe koow, my love. tt [ ara 
uç MI h needed no, you  say; ff she affc¢ onc she w be hh, settb 
ber love ou him, on him alone, 
AudRque wdetque" 
uhe eau, she me thk and drcam of aough¢ ehe bue him» contiuully of 
a d Orpheua on 1 
*' Te dule coJ te lo in Uttore meeu [ « On thee eweet wtfe w ail my 
e vete e, OE 4ie4 nebam." Mo eveg» 4  
nd Dido upon ber 
'* ct q me Insomnia teeot, ] «« And ever d anon she tnks upon the man 
lult vi vs et pluma rrit imago. ' Tht w o   fair, o bth 
Clitopho  the tiret book of Achilles Tati, complaineth how that 
mistrs Leucippe rmend him much more  the night than in the day. 
" For aH day long he had some object or other to distract  sensé, but 
the night  ran upon ber. 1 night long he lay Pawake, and could tnk of 
notlg ee but ber, he could hot get her out of h miud; towas morning, 
sleep took a little pity on him, he slumred awe, but all s drems wero 
of 
" q te noc sub t'i I « In the dm'k nlgt I ¢oEk. em. and final 
Alloquor, ampllor, falsque In lmane som  That ng jo# s dive my ref 
Gauacimm ppant a 
The se complt Eurialus m to his Lucreti«, « rdy and night I thik 
of thee, I wh for thee, I talk of theo, cR on thee, look for thce, hope for 
thé, delight rayeR" in thce, y and mght I love thee." 
t, $ N hi vpere 
Burgente dunt oreç. 
 roi4m fuentc le w 
Moing, evening, ll is like with me, I have stle thoughts, «' t Te 
#tima sed u6i am. 1 Eve d brcathe in thce, I wh for thé. 
*, u O nlvm q te poterit m! reddere lucem, 
O mihi feBcem terque qteue em." 
« O happy day that sha restore th  my sight." In the meantime he 
rav on her; ber swoet tce, ey, ctions, gestures, hands, feet, speec 
length, bredth, height, depth, d the test of ber dimensions, are so sueyed, 
meure and Mken, by that Astrolabe of phanty, nd that  violently 
sometimes, th such eaestness and eageess, such continuance, so stng 
an imagination, that at length he thi he s her inde ; he talks with ber, 
he embraceth ber, Ixion-le, o dun ub, a cloud for Juno,  he sad. 
h prœer Leucppe c#o, Lippe mihi ppetu in ocul, et animo 
v«atur, I sec and medita ofnought but Leueippe. Be she prnt or abnt, 
ail  one; 
Quem dederat çre f«m met mot." 
That pression of ber bety  sti fixed ia  nd" Yrent 
ltore ult :" as he tht  bitn th a m dog thi MI he es do 
m Virg. 4. u, e Inrdlu i, et aur oeeupam doet anum, at ntn 1 
mn uIum mus, nec tan ex o puella abfi sed nmnia mihi de ucippe ma ent. 
 fota h noe omum bi ¢ n vioE Ter. q Bu hand. sylv. r m Eylv. h Te diea 
oetue amo, te co#to, te desidem, te v, m epeo, te se, . tecum oblto me, 
s hor. Bb. • ode 9. t Peo t Tibia, 1. & Eleg. & x d. Ft. . ver. 775. "Alough 
e re of h fair fore  wanflng, the love weh if ed m."  Virg. . 



560 LoveMdanc?wly. [Part. 3. .. 
dogs in his meat, doga in his dish, dogs in  drink: hh mLstr  in h 
yo, m, hea,  a  sensé. Valleriola hd a merchant,  tient, 
the me pre,lioement; and  Ulric Molitor, out of &ti th a atory of 
one, tt through vehemency of h love pion, t thought he w  m 
tr present with him, ahe oEed with m, E$ comm cure  
baSur, st embrcg . 
ow ff t pion of lovo cn produco such effet, if if  pleantly 
nde wt bitr tormen shall it breo when if  th fr and oentinl 
rrow, atmpicion, care, agony,  commoy it h, at ampanie wt an 
inlemble ap mt it bel 
- -"on m and «*Mot Gara th hot  my tem 
rgara o quot deme As Iover'e br ha ievo wo, 
Pectore cur longs nex d ed  wch 10ve 
Uue oetc, 1 q peni 
Cel amor rç muet.  
Vhea the kg of Bbylon would ve h a cou.let of h, r long of 
 young lady of the royal blood, and kr above h £ortun, b Allonius in 
preaoe by ail mens ped  let him lone; "For to love and hot eajoy 
was a most ukable eut, ' no tant could vent the e pishmeat 
 a gaat at a OEndle,  a sho spe he would oee e. For love 
a perpet cflx, a anini, a wre, m$ omni ama, a ievo 
wound  love st d • lover's h  Cupid's qver, a coung 
e acoede  hune gwm, &c.  inextinguible e. 
"Æatar et c«dt mum, 
E ardet intus, qu ta var 
As tna geth, se doth love, and more than tna or y a tire. 
" $ Nain amor  Lar¢o 
VuO aorem flm moen$ 1 » 
Vulcan's flames are but smoke  t For e, ith Xenopho bus 
them alone that snd nr if, or uch if; but ts e of love bueth and 
soercheth ar o and  more hot and vehement than any tel tire: i Ign 
i,  futé, 'ris a e  a tire, the qtenoe of tire. For when ero 
but Rome,  Cato th, he fir ho, coumed moEs  and 
goods; but t e devo the  ielf "and kone ul  worth a huued 
thond boxes." o war n quench this wild tire. 
« I  pe s abrbt   "A tire he tk iu hi$ breas 
1 q noe   pot nec b [. Which war cod n quencb, 
ld qu, nor a 
Excep it be t and sigh for  they y chnoe d a Hte 
-m c nntia 11 c te fro I " thy whi nec N me r 
Sic me blanda t Neoe ili, ] th roE thy cheek thy wann ey that roU : 
ic p mo noe pe Were it n for my oppg t at hludcr, 
UtTo  me uhmœementvi'penn  I shooE  q bt up foroEwi  r." 
 e  e Hghtg, which mde tho old Grech pt Cupid, in 
any of the ntempl, çh JupiFthunderIts in hhnds; for it wound 
and cnnot be rceived ho% whence if cme, where it pieroeoE "o 
" P Êet mo mma m, 
Et t no t aub cre " I u A ne wo an  tire it w 
d fly  s d etly  p" 

• D Pyth,mi a Juno, nec iroe deflm tautum, nec tela, nec hoçtL% quantum tute porta nimi 
ttlapsn«. khus ital. 15. bel. Punic. de amor b Phflotrattts vita eju«. Maximum tormentum quod 
txc.gltexe vel doere te ponrn, t fpse amor. I Auaoniu  35. d Et coeco carpitur Igne ; et Inih| 
ese ole .rt ult.r.a me,u ignJ Amyntaa. • Ter. Eunne_ fben. HippL g Theoeritu& ixIyL . Levibut 
cor eet v3olabtle teIi I Ignl tangentee rlum urit, at forma procul aztutea inflammat. I lonit. 
k Mjor i]1 tlamma qme consumit tmam animam, quam qttm .ntum millia ,rporugl. | ank gl. , 



Iem. 3.] ,çgmpo'ma of £o'oe. 
13ut by-and-by if began fo wage and bu amah; 
-"q Pec lnsanum vapor. "tis fle vt eth la the veins. 
morque ct. ln  rorat nd soellleh entlls.  when fit but 
l»eni$ d, aue  vena$ mt  bo, It nimbiy ns aiong the bemn 
Veh i me et ven ten d at the t the wle it 
Ut ag t amma percer trabe&" 
braham offemaus, l. 1. am conjaL cap. 2. p. 22, rclat out of 
lato, how that Empedles, the plosopher, w prut at the tting up of 
one that ed for love, "rhis heat was combust, his hver smoky, his lungs 
ded up, insomuchthathe vely beHeved hts soulwas either sodden or round 
through the vemency of lovSs tire." XVhich like ruade a mode writer 
of amorous emblems exprès love  by a pot nging over the tire, 
Cupid blowing the c. s the ht consumes the water, "tEiz sua c- 
sumit viscera coEc a," so doth love d up his dical moture. othcr 
compar love to a elting torch, 'hich stood too ne the tire. 
*'t Sic quo qui prcpi  pueUoe e ] " e nearcr he unt« hit mires I 
So tt to 8ay th,  uCtilio describes if, "The begiing, middle, end 
of love is n..ngh else but sowow, vexation, agony, oten, irksomeness, 
wearisomens; 8o t o be ualid, ngly, merab]e, 8olita, discourent, 
dcjted, o wish for doah, o complain, rave, and o be evh, are the 
signs and ordina ions of a lovsick o" Th contual paiu and 
torturo makes hem forge hemselves,  they ho far gone with i in doub, 
despair of obtaing, or eagerly benf, o neglt ail ordary 
*'Xpendcnt opera te,t minoeqne 
lom gcnt q machina 1o" 
Love-slck ido lef ber work done, so did  Phædr 
' Paas te vant 
Et ter lpt pe bunt 
Fausus  tS[ann, £ook no pleure in any thing he did, 
u la q hl de erat, null labor 
Ptore, eesus ine. et ens totore 
And 'is he humour of them Ml, o be reless of their o and their 
tates, as the epherd  aTheoctm, Et c barba inculta est, sqlhliq 
cpli, their beards flag, and hey bave no more re of pmnking themselve 
or of any business, hey OEre hot,  hey y, which end goes forwar. 
*'b Obne ege et a domeica to « Forgetlng flocks of she and cot 
e Urit, et aoe  luoE eadtt ar* [ qe  ,her waye ous and 
Love-ck àChœer, when he e from amphfla's house, and had hot so 
good welcome as he did expeet, w all amok, aeno moets him, Quid trt 
 ? W hy t thou  sad man  un /wheuce comest, how doest but he 
sadly replies, o ]wrele « nue un eam, çue quorsum m, 
lr's oblit sure , I bave so forgotten mysel I aeither know where 
ara, nor whce I corne, nor 'ther I w, wt I do. . "eow so" Ch. 
" I ara in love." rudens sc. 'fvivus que pereo, nec quid aœant 
sclo." "ge that et had  thoughts free ( loetrattm Lemus, in an 

q SeneC& rCor roture combusfurn, jetmr eufurnlgatam, pu]rno «refuS& ut am mm film 
animam b e aut oeb, oh m ardorem quem patiuntur oh iem amor EmbL 
Am 4. et & tGrotim. ULib. 4. nain li mo nue pcip nue media lud habcnt 
qui qm moll dolor,cla defatigafiones, adeo ut m  moeror nfit tndine 
torque ole tar wmperque debsccha nt cea amantl a et ceœe fion. x 'irg. 
2n. 4. " e workn are tepI, profs of t wa]ls, and 6olding riïing to'rd the OEe are 
ail spended." Sene Hip. at "le chute op d the web h finihed from ber hand" 
x Eclog. 1. *« o  no bin pled my ve-eick br my fati beme dot, my mld toid, 
and 1 lo my  for  d ng."  EdyL 1 b MK Eclog. . • Or. $Iek I& de 
Polhemo: t obt  que o; Jamque tibi fo & dT. Euci 
eQ q o. fTer. Euc g om cob q ve et pulche hflophim 
roecegtis «çer inmpslK q ivcr cioeUes coeque n &. hc sm lntendit oper,  
2o 



epistle of bi% deacribes this fiery passion), and spent his time like a hard 
student, in those delightsome philosiphical precepts; he that with the sun and 
moon wandered ai1 over the world, with starsthemelvea ranged about and left 
no secret or small mystery in nature unsearched, eince he wa enamoured can 
do nothing now but think and meditate of love matter day and nlght com- 
poseth himself how to please his mistress; ai1 his study, endeavour, is to 
zpprove himself to his mistress, to wln his mistress' favour, to compass 
desire, to be counted ber servant." "Nnen Peter Abelard, that great scholar 
of his age, "hCu{ soli pa2u/$ sc/b// qu/cru/d era$" («whose faculties wem 
cqual to any d[fficulty in learning "), was now in love with Heloise, ho had no 
m, ind to visit or frequent schools and scholars any more, Tcediosum nihi 
/ui (as  he confesseth) ad scholas 1.,roceder% vl in iis marari, all his mind was 
en his new mistress. 
Now to this end and purpose, if there be any bope of obtining his sit, to 
prosecute his cause, he wiil spend himsel goods, fortunes for ber, and though 
be lose and aiienate ai1 his friends, he threatened, he cast ofl and disiaherited 
for as tbe poet saith, kM mot/qu/s b,4em de  though he be utterly tmdone by 
it, dis-aced, go  begging, yet for ber sweet sake, to enjoy ber, he will 
'fllingly beg, hazard all he bath, good% land% shame, scandal, ame, and life 
itself. 
 Non recedam eqne qnlecam, noctu et Interdlu, ] "I21 noyer test or cesse my sit 
Prius profecto quam aut ipsam, aut mortem lnvesttgavero." | OEill aile or death do make me raut" 
Parthenis in IAristœenetus wa ful]v resolved to do as mucb- « I may bave 
botter matches, I confess but farewel shame, farcwell honour, farewell honty, 
farewell friends and fortunes, &c O, Harpedona, keep my counsel, I will 
]eave ail for his eweet sake, l wi|l bave bim say no more, contre 9entes, I ara 
reso]ved, I wi|] bave bim." " Gobrias, tbe captain, when be had espied Rho- 
danthe, the fait captive maid, fell upon his lcaees before Mystilus, the genera], 
vith tears, vows, and ail the rbetoic ho could, by tbe sca be had former]y 
received, the good service he bad doue, or watsoever else wa dear unto him 
besought his governor ho might bave the captive virn to be his wife 
suoe spolum, as a reward of his worth and service; and, moreover, he would 
tbrve him tbe money wbich was owing, and ail reckonings besidcs due unto 
him, "I ask no more, no part of booty, no portion, but hodanthe to be my 
çife." And wben q ho could hot compass ber by fait means, ho fell to 
lreachery, force and villany, and set his lire at stake at last to accomplish 
desire. 'Tis a common humour tis, a generai passion of ail loyers to ho so 
affected, and wbich Emilia told A_ratine, a courtier in Castilio's discourse, 
"nsureIy Aratine,/f tbou werst hot so indeed, thou didst hot ]ove ; inge- 
uous]y confs, for if thou hadst been tbroughly enamoured, tbou wouldst 
bave desired nothing more than to p]eae thy raistrass. For that is the 
law of love, to will and nill the saine." «°oettum el[e e nolle, veli 
ruod 
Undoubtedly this may be pronounced of tbem a]l, tbey are very slaves, 
drudges for the rime, madmen foo]s, dizzard% araiiwrii, besi¢]e themselvea, 
and as blind a heetle. Their q dotage is most eminent, A mare dmul 
ipsi Jovi on daur, a Senec holds, Jupiter himselïcannot love and be wise 
both together $ the very best of t]aem, if once t]aey be overtaken witb this 
passiin, the most staid, dicreet, grave, generous and wise, otherwise able to 
h Pars ep|ta]i| eJus. ! Epist. pries, k Boethins, l. S. Met. ]t. ] Ep|st |lb 6. Va]eat dor 
valeat hvnesta valeat honor, mTheodor, lrodrous, lib. & Amor Myst[li genibus obvolutu uber- 
timque lachrimans, & lihil ex toto proeda lreter lhodanthen virginem accip:am, nLib. . Cert 
riz credam, et bona ride fateare Aratne, te non ame deo vehementer; si euim vere amasses, n]hil pritts 
a.u.t_pe.tius .qus. amarre mulierl piacere. Ea enim amoriz lex est idem voile etnolle, eStroz 
mL p.g.. ,....Quippe  omnl ex atrs bile et amore l>ro'niunt. Jaon Praten. 
amor poe mmu est, Carda. l/b. i. de alie. 



l[en. 3.] 8y»poms of 
gove hemsdv«% in his commit moEny ab»urgities, many indec, unb 
fitting the grvity nd pemo. 
« Samson, David, Solomon, ercul, Soerat," &c. are jtIy txed of indis- 
crotion in this point; the middle so e betwoen hwk nd bzrd; nd 
lthough they do peroeive aad acknowledge their own dotal, weakness, fu, 
yet they cannot withstand it; as woH may witness those expoststio and 
çgnfessions of Dido in VirgR. 
"t Q,zod rfi,} polit, vincit  reat ror, 

• ' She ees and knows ber fsult, and doth 
Aginst ber fllthy lust she dolh conteud. 
And whither go [, what ara I ab.ut 
Aud God forbid I yet doh it in the end.'" 

'« With raglng lusl se burns, and ow reeslls 
ller vow, and then despslrs, and when 'ris past, 
Her former thoughts she'll proseeute m hate, 
And what te de she knows net st the last." 

Bhe will and will net, bhors: and yet as Medma did, doth if, 
«« Trahir Invitam uova vis, ailudque cupide, s iegson pulls one way, burnin lust another, 
$ens ahuri sutdet ; video meliora proboqu, She es and knows at's goe but she dvth nth. 
« x 0 frau amorque,  mtls otm luter, 
 me abat Y 
e major pR of love are cred headlong ke se many brute 
report counsels one way, thy fricnds, fooEun shame, disace, danger, and 
en occn of car that wiIl ccaily follow; yet this furio lust precipitat, 
cmmterpoeth, wcig down  the other; though if be their utter undoing, 
l,crpetul iumy, ]ose, yet they w[ de if, d become af st in»enati, void 
• f sense  degenerate into dogs, hogs, asses, btt; as OEulfiter  • bull, 
Apuleius an s, Lycaon a woli Tereus a lapwg, YCalisto a br, EIpenor, 
and G]I into sne by Circe. For what eIse may we think tho geous 
poets te bave shadowed in thelr -itty fictionsaud ems but thata man once 
ren over  s lt ( *Fulgentius interpre that of Apu]ei lct. 
er) "is no better than • bt." 
• , s Rex fucram, 8¢ cris det, sed rdlda vita [ "l w a ng, y ¢ my esç Is 
Immm  nto cine fit avem." [ Bat by my fllte am oeme te thia  
The bldness i  out  -eat,  manifest  the wkn d dotage, 
or rather  inoeparable oemçanion,  orda sign of it, ]ove  mzd, 
the ying , Cupid's blind, d o are aU 1 foIIoweoE. Quisqis 
raam, aam pu »e Dianam. Eve loyer adm h mtress, though 
she be ve deformed of herse -çvoured, oe, pimpled, pale, re 
yew, tned, taow-f bave  swoIIenj ugghr  platter ,.or a tn, han, 
ctty faoe, bave clouds in ber faoe, e crookc y, bald, gogle-eye Lle- 
eyed, or with stag ey, he ]oo e  sq'd car, hold ber head st 
w, beau, d hollow-eyed, bk or yellow aout the ey, or sqneyed, 
spow-mouthed, Yersian hook-nosed, bave  srp fox nos%  red nose, 
Cha fiat, t nose n«re »i paturon,  ne like  promon, 
tushe rotin eth, lac uen, bro eth, beetle brow, • witch's 
. beard, ber breath stk al[ over the m, ber nose op wter and smer, 
with a vaan poke under ber chin,  sharp c, lave red, with a long 
r Mantu "oever  in love le  ave, he follows bls e  a ptive bls pt, and 
wes » yoke  h Submtsve neck"  Virg.  4 "She be te s t stop£ed  the middle 
er ber di" t n Hippol. « What report rr rs love forbi" u Met. 10. 
z Bu¢ha , Oh an d Iov d dlson m whither bave you led me 7" 
woman le Dke a b. s Fer lndt dura r m idem   red a Alct  up 
mbk A lmmum upup rcora am  ve h nlhH us, n libioEosl ab 
Ov M b Lve m e a f g w repra ever g OEer  it  



56t Zove-3Iclanchobj. [Part. 3. Seo. 2. 
crane's neck, whlch stands awry too, pendulis 
double jug," or else no dug, la that oçher exçreme, bloody fallen fingers, sho 
bave fi]thy, long unpared nails, scahbed hands or wrists, a tanned skin, 
rotten carcass, crooked back, she stoops, is lame, splea-footed, "as slender in the 
middle as a cow in the wais," g,,uty legs. her ankles hang over her shoes, her 
feet stink, she breed lice, a rnere changeling, a very rnonster, an oaf irnperfect, 
ber whole complexion savours, a harh voice, iacondite gesture.% vile gait, 
a vast virago, or an ugly rit, a slug. a fat fustylugs, a truss, a long lean raw- 
bone, a skehton, a sneaker (si qua latent melin'a prtta), and to thy judgment 
looks like a rnard in a lantern, whorn thou coulds hot fancy for a world, but 
hatest, loathest, and wouldst bave spit in ber face, or blow thy nose in ber 
bosom, remedlum amorls fo another man, a dowdy, a slut, a scold, a nasty, 
tank, rammy, filthy, beastly quean, dishonest peradventuro, obscene, base, 
beggarly, rude, foolish, untaught, peevish, Itns' daughter, Thersites' sister, 
Grobians" scholar, if he love ber once, he admires ber for all this, he takes no 
notice of anv such errors, or imperfections of body and mind, nIpsa hcec 
ddectant, veLti Balbinum Polypu Agne ; ho had rather bave ber than any 
wornan in the world. If ho were a king, she alone should be his queeu, his 
empress. O that ho had but the wealth and treasure of both the Indies to 
endow ber with, a carrack of diamonds, a chain of pearl, a cascane of jewels 
(a pair of calf-skin gloves of four-ponce a pair were titrer), or sorne such toy, 
fo send ber for a teken, she should bave it with ail his hear; he would spend 
rnyriads of crowus for ber sake. Venus herself, Panthea, Cleopatra, Tarquin's 
Tanaquil, Herod's ]k[ariarnne, or Mary of Burffandy, if she were aiive, would 
hot match ber. 
s,  Vln¢lt vultu hoec T3dario 
Qui moverunt horrida 
Let Paris himself be judge) renowned ttelen cornes short, that P, odopheian 
Phillis, Larissean Coronis, Babylonian Thisbe, Polixena, Laura, Lesbia, &c., 
your counterfeit ladies were noyer so fait as she is. 
__u  Qul¢quld ¢rit placldl, lepldl, gratl, atqne facetl, I *«Whate'er is protty, pleasant, facete, well, 
Yivida ¢unctorum retinea l'ang0ra deorum." Whate%t Pandora had, he doth exce: " 
 Dicebarn Trivlceformam nihil esse Diance. Diana was hot to be compared to 
her, nor Juno, nor Minerva, nor any goddess. Thetis' feet were as bright 
silver, the ankles of Hebe clearer than erystal, the arms of Aurora as rud,ly 
as the rose, Juno's breasts as white as snow, Minerva wise, Venus airl but 
vhat of this I D.dnty corne thou to me : She is al1 in ail, 
"h Coella rdens [ "I Falres/of £ah', tlt fIrno_s oth cxcel.  
l:s Venus, inceden Juno, 6Anvs ]oquen" 
]phemerus in Aristoenetus, so r admireth hi mlstress's gond pars, that he 
ake proclntioa of them, and chllengeth al[ corncrs in her behal£ 
,, k Whoever sw the beautle of the east, or of the west, let them corne fxom 
all quartrs, ail, and tel[ trtth, if ever they saw such an excellent feature 
this is." A gond fl[ow in Petronius cries out, no one tan tell his Idy's 
fine fature, or expre it, çulcuid di:eris minb eri, &c. 
 No tongue ean ber perfections tell, 
In whose each part, al tongues may dwelL" 
][ost of your lover are of hls humour and opinion. She 
taxe creature, a phoenix, the sole cornrnandress of his thoughts, queen of his 
d @Hot. ser. llb. sst. |.& "Theeverything p]easehlm, ssthewenofAgnadid Ba]b]nux" dTho 
aughter snd heir of Csro|n Pugaa.v. e enec in Oct¢i& 
• hieh caue<l such dreadful war Loeeheu& gbIantnan. EgL I. h AngeriaAu& I Faëri 
Queene, Cant. lyr. l. k Epist. 1. Quls tmqun form vidit orienth, qub occidentis, reniant 
nmne et d:cut vera¢e an t.m LnIgnem vlderin¢ formam. 



Iem. 3.] $ïnltOrn o.f I, o'v«. 
eshs, his oy delit:  Triton now feegly sin tat love-sie 
"' Canids Leuoeth pl  plet  elne,  "Falr ueoth b elne ple me e, 
S GaoEt plet lon ma ob u." But Gs]t dooE by  ¢ roet 
ts in the world, the ot glorio n ; whtsoeer, I y, 
tmible, sweet, ], nd decio, gre o Htt]e for ber. 
"Fhoebo pcor et or¢ PhoebL" J « HIs Fhoe b  fr, he b  bHgh 
he  the s's lustre, d 
Sta sun, moens, e, sweet-sme]g flowe, odos, pemes, colon, 
gold, sver, lyon, pr precious ston, SHOW, paind bitS, dov, honey, 
sugar, spioe, caot expre ber, so , so nder, so t, sweet, so 
 she. 3loll cunuli ca, &c. 
,« o Lydia 11 puella dlda, [ "Fina Lydl y mlœee$. hi 
Quoe n anper 1, et lilium, [ Te m, the lily do hot gh¢e me 
lbamqe lm room et blda  rose  whi, the   d 
Eueh a diptio out Engsh omer mak of a ça dy: 
P at Emff t fair to 
F th tke l-oer alro  he. 
I no't l,  fair OEtlœe to. 
In th ve lhre qolyphemus cous Gat : 
"Candidior folio ulvel Ga listH. [ " gr Galet n OEe wh]te thte-nd. 
Hodior pmW, I peeor no, [ Fre.her than a fi bigher tban 
Splenoeoeor vitro, tenero hor hoeOo. OE ghr than 0, more n than a 
o1 et cy plum et lacte to." Soir OE awan's do, or ought tiret msy b 
So she  m n, in that conceited oe of Lucia which Jo}m 
8ecundus, an elegt Duh mode poet, bath tralad into voeo. Whea 
Do and tho other snphs upbrided ber with hot agly mia lover¢ 
olyphem she repes, they speak out of en d mce, 
, r Et plb ina hue mers vos stimulare vider, 
qod non vos ifld us me Folyphem eg:" 
Say what they could, he w a prier ma d  Heloise t to hev 
sweeth er Abelar i  Aust w'b impera uem peter. 
a[l gu« esse oer quoEm or im?«; che hd rer be 
his quean, an the world's empss or quoen,--on M  JuS« ipefort 
vdit,--she wod nos change ber love for Jupiter 
To y tg she h  most loatome cato; sud  when a 
feow coended once tt exq pierre of ele mde by geu, 
"for ho saw no such buty h if; ichomach  love-sick sptator replied, 
ume g s oculo»  d gib, take m ey and thou t 
she is a godd, do on her fohth, oeunt a ber c u; her per- 
fcctio, infiitie absduge d peffe:  she be flat-noee she 
hk-nosoe, gly; ff dfish d ttlg pretty  ff 1, proper d m-e, 
o brave fithh oaoea; ffcked, ; ffmonstus, oemely; herdefea 
are no defts t , che hth no dcforti lm  ips 
foetd, though she be ty, some,  8t' bitch, or aeno's sow; 
thou hadst  eve bave  shake in thy boeom,  toad h thy dh, and llest 
ber witch, dev, h, th ail the filthy names thou cat hvent; he admires 
ber on the other side, he h hia idol, lady, mt, tvenerih queen, tho 
quhtseuce of beauty, an angd, a star, a gdess. 
Tlmu art y Ve thou my godde a 
lhy haowed temple y  my 

m Cslcsg, nlnl dial. Gs]at. " Catullo$. oPetronll Catalect. P Chaneer, In the Knlght's Tale 
 ovid. Met. 13.  " It Is envy evhlenflY that proml-S you. becaue Poly]hemus doe hot love YOU as ho 
does m" • Plutsrch. sibl dxlt tare pulchrm non Vie 



[Part. 3. Sec. 

The fragranee of a thousand courtezans is in her face: 
lwee Cçpi8 aut Stran; 't net Ven' picture that, ner the Spanih 
inhnts, u you suppose (good sff), no p, or ng's daughr: no, no, but 
hh die mistr, foooth,  dainty Dulchea, hh dr tip, te whozo 
sewioe he h whoHy eora, whom ho aIone adoro. 
• . x Cul mparas Indiens et pavo. [ "' To whom nçe,l s 
mabll eciu, et uens œehoeoEx. = A '  a phoex  quenh  
All the ac veneries, eleganci, ple», atd ber. e pfe hcr 
befvre a myri of court ladies. 
• 'Y I[e thst ends Ph or 
Or ani or Ge 
Tit) o[ Mel.b2s. by yo 
t m  mut  love OEe pr v  
ay, bcfore a te Js and dde themoelves. Se Quint Catulhs 
admired his sqnyed fend i. 
«' Pa h[ iict (Coe]et) dice s ] "« By yr]v 
[o vi pchor  D.  ?he'e noue of you  bave  f a hue." 
AH e bomt epithets, pathetioE1 adjuncts, inoempaUly Fir, curioly 
nt, divine, swoet, inty, delicio, &c., pretty utiv, coru, 
çolu &c. lant nam may be vented, big, moe, lmb, 
pigney, kid, houey, love, dove, chicken, &c. he purs on ber. 
« s Me el, mea sv' menm r, 
e solum, mei 
"y lire, y ]ight, my je my glo," Marçar« spec{oso, 
o»o nund pretiosa $orde, my swoe argaret, my ole delight d 
ling. d m eghodomant oeued IzabeHa: 
«' By a klnd word and tur that he mlgh I « me and h dde, nd  m 
Me lb ber h dr beaU, his }v love ]  ]ov h apvly  lovy ." 
lIjoyf oeo, d  nwt 
Eve T cloth she wea, every hion leth h ave me ; hoe h,l, 
0 qu« diçitos, çuos I« K nus ! pretty f prty oeronets, ber 
swoet oee, sweet voice, ne» O that pretty ne, ber ne d lovely 
loo, ber eve thg, lovely, swt. ble, and pretty, pretty, pretty. 
ve nme 0et if be wt if H)  a most pretty, plg naine; I beeve 
no there  me oect power and tue in , every action, sight, habit, 
geturej he admires, whether he pi%v, s& or danoe, in wt - soever she 
goeth, how excellent if w, how ell it bme ber, never the e n or 
hroE à]l  us, m doeen bd. - t ber wr wt she 
woE de what he 11, y wt zhe , e Ququ in d, s fit» om 
d. He app]auds d ad' everytg she w th or dot 
« f lllam quluid at, quu va vel [  ate'er she do, or wther c'er she 
Comt m su.mrque d;  A oet and plg 
n lvit   dt  pilH Or I. or bind h h. or mb it up, 
a oemit,  t revn s.  She'a to  honed  wt  dot w 
  indult,fm : ur,  fm« t» let ber be drd 
or e aH is e, she  excellent st butl, fa, and lovely to 
eholoE Women de  much by men ; nay more, far fonder, wker, and that 
by many pax "Corne te me, my dear Lyc" (sMth  in h Ar- 
toenet), «corne qcy, swtht,oe oer en e t mere clo 
bloceads  OE, nobody  thé." Thy loo, word gtur, action 
&c., "are compbly beyond aH othe." en w never se much 
bt on ber Adent, Phoedra se dgh in HipHt, %e  Th 
 Thysbe  ber   zhe  enmoed on ber 
«' Be thou th magol and I 1  the 
Be ou OEe r, d 1   OEe 



I could repeat centnries ci" sueh. ow tell me what greater dotage or blind- 
ness can there be than this in both sexes? and yet thcir "slavery" i moto 
eminent, a greater sig of their folly than the test. 
They are commonly slaves, captives, voluntary servants, Amator 
manCil«um, as iOatilio terres him, his mitress' servant, ber drudge, iwisoner, 
bondman, vhat nut "He composeth himself whol]y to ber affections fo 
please her, and as .Emi]/a said, makes himse]f ber lacquey. Ail his care, 
actions, ail his thoughts, are subordinate to ber wfil and commandment :" ber 
most devote, obsequious, affectionato servant avd vassal. "For love 
k Cyrus in Xenophon we|l observed) "i a mere tyranny, wore than any di 
e&e, and they that are troubled with it desire to be free and cannot, but are 
barder bound than if they were in iron chah|s." Whst greater captivity or 
slavery can there be (a *Tully expostates) than to be in love1 "Is he 
lree man over whom a woman domineers, to whom she prescribes laws, com- 
mï.nds, torbids vhat she will herself; that dates deny nothing she demands ; 
she asks, he gives; she calls, he cornes; she threatens, he fears; .Nefuissi- 
?hum hune serrure puto, I account this man a very drudge." And as he fol- 
lows it, "mis this no small servitude for an enamourite to be every hour 
combing his heal, stiffening his beard, perfuming his hair, washing his face 
with sweet water, paiting, curling, and hot fo corne abroad but sprncely 
crowned, decked, and apparelled ?" Yet these are but toys in respect, to go 
to the barber, baths, theatres, &c., he must attend upon ber wherever she 
goes, run a]ong the streets by ber doors and windows to see ber, take all 
opportunities, sleeveless errands, disguise, counterfeit shapes, and as many 
forms as Jupiter hiself ever rock; and corne every day to ber bouse (as he 
will surely do if he be truly enamoured) and offer ber service, and follow ber 
np and down from room to room, as Lucretia's suitors did, he eannot contain 
himself but he will do if, he must and will be where she is, it next ber, stil! 
talking with ber. ,, n If I did but let my glove fall by chance" (as the said 
Aretine's Lucretia brags), "I had che of my suitors, nay two or three at once 
ready to soop and pick it up, and kiss it, and with a low congé deliver if unto 
me; if I would wall:, another was ready fo sustain me by the arm. A third 
fo provide fruits, Fears, plums, cherries, or whatsoever I would eat or drink." 
AIl this and much more he doth in ber presence, and when he cornes home, as 
Troilus fo hls Cressida, 'ris ail hls meditation to recourir with himselî his 
actions, words, gestures, what entertainment he had, how kindly she used 
in such a place, how she smiled, how she graced him, and that inflnitely pleased 
him ; and then he breaks out, O sweet Arensa, O my dearest AntiphiL% O 
Inost divine looks, O lovely graces, and thereupon instantly he makes an epi- 
gram, or a sonnet to rive or seven tunes, in ber commendation, or else he rumi- 
nates how she rejected hls service, denied him s kiss, disgraced him, &c., and 
that as effectually torments him. And these are lais exercises between comb 
and glass, madrigals, elees, &c., these his cogitationa tSll he sec ber agaim 
:But all this is easy and gentle, and the least part of hi labour and bondage, 
o hunter will take such pains for his gaine, fowler for lais sport, or soldier to 
sack a city, as he will for his mistress' favour. 
« o Ip cornes ven|sm, neque me lebrosa movebtmt 
Saxa, nec obliquo de.te tlmcudu aper." 

I Llb. 3. de attllco alterlu affectn! se roture compoffidt, s poe studet et Ipslusanem ma 
sequam IiL k Cyropoe& L . amor , et q amant oput eo fiberl non 
m,,rbo, neque llba tamen pout, d validi Mitate ligatl 
forent. 1 In do An file mihi ¢ der car m impôt  Cul leg ponl prHbit, Jube 
• etat quod videtr. Q [1 [mrt[ ega lhfl ad¢  lt dnd 
minaur  extimiscendum, m lilauo a t  amatom 
calamistroquo barbare comu, fanera s Molenflb dllue, 
Ineautl quid ilfl exeidi evare inde quam çrompfllm e¢ isi osculo compacto mi mmeudar 
&c. o .. Yor wHl tbe  ro aflght me. uur e crk-t r, 



568 Lav-Melancholl/. [Part. 3. Sec. 2. 
As Phoedra fo Hippolitus. o danger shall affright, for  that be tme the 
ets feig Love  the soa of Ma and Venus;  he bath delights, pleus, 
elegan om s mother, so th he hardness, valour» and ldn from 
ather. And 't te tt BeaM bath; A more U i, ih nti, 
nothing so boterous, nothing so nder as love. If once, therefo, enamoured, 
ho will go, run, ride many a toile fo meet her, day and night, in a very dark 
night, endure soerchhg heat, oeld, wait in ost and show, a, tempt, t 
hi çeeth ehatr h his hegd, çhose nohern winds and showe OEnno cool or 
queneh hi flame of love. Inmptd c noa terretue, he will, take my 
word, austain hunger, thi, Peeabig oan pmpet orang, "love will 
nd out a way," thugh thiek and rhin he wi to ber, 
t'identue am tranab, he will a through an ocon, ride pose over tho 
Alps» Apenninea, or Pyrene hilh, 
"P lem maue fluetu arque b 
'enfi para est anslr' 
though if in dagge with the points doward, Eght or drk, 
( Roscida p ras F«unus ad anra vtit,) for ber sweet sake he 
undeake erculs twelve labours, endure, ar &c., he fee it hot. 
" qWhat shaH I y," saith oedu «oftbe grt uge they undergo, 
sgle oembts they undeake, ho « they wi venture their lires, crp in 
wdows, t, climb over walls to corne to the sweeths" (anointing 
the doo and hinges with oil, because they ould hot creek, tread soft, sw, 
wade, watch, &o.), "and  they be surp«ed, leap out at windows, cast them- 
selves headlong do, bing or brg their legs or arms, and sometimes 
losg le iself,"  Cto did for his lovely 3Ieliboe er some of their 
o confsiom, prostations, complaints, proffe, exstdtions, whes, 
brutish attemp, lau in this nd. ercles oexed Omphale, put on an 
apn, took a dtaff and spun : Tso the ldier w so submissive to Thais, 
tt he w soleed to do whatever e enjoined, rço me iidl m, 
et fiam çuod jubé, I ara at ber oervice. Phostrat in an eptle to 
istoess, "eI ara rey to die, sweetheart,  it be thy wiH; allay  thit 
whom thy star hath scorched and done, the founti and five deny no 
man 'ink tbat mes; the fount doth hot y thoŒE shalt hot drin 
the apple fhou shalt hot eat, nor the fait meadow wa hot in me, but thou 
ah,ne wilt hot let me corne nr thee, or s tbee, contemned and dped 
die for grief." PoSent, when h stress Ciroe d btt fro upon m in 
Peroni, drew his sword, and bsde ber t , stab, or whip him to deat 
wodd strip himself ned, and hot rt. Another wiH take a journey to 
Japan, Lonçoe naviçation lest  ra: a thd (she say it) wi no 
sak a word for a twelvemonth's spacc, ber coand sha be most ino]ably 
kept: a foh will take Hercules's club from m, and th that cention 
in the Sh u Coelestina, H k tcn men for  stress euss, for 
word of ber mouth he will cŒEt buckle in two le pippins, and flap down me 
]ike flic, Eliue çuo mt çe dlu« oidi cup. ZGaleat of 
did a little mo: for when be w most mad for love of a k maid in the 
city, she, to t him bele what he would do for ber sake, bade him  jest 
]p into the river Po if he loved ]ter; he forthth d leap hdlong offthe 
bhdge and w drowned. Another at Ficinum in Eke psion, when his 
misfres. by chance (thiung no hm I dre swer) bade him go n& th 
P Plurc amat. di q Lib. I. de ntoe. amor. quid refersm eom perces et 
amlm oedes per fentr inel sfilliciaiaque eessi indeq detbtt,  aut prœecipiteN memb 
nn lduut. sut snta aiL r Ter. Euc AcL . 
obeundum mom,  tu jubé; banc sitim mln d quam  
ega & t SI idere phoeç f«m meure d  verbefl conkn 
u A 15. 18. lmpers mi;  deccm viros, &OE x Gr E. p¢ll t depeen, per 



em. 3.] Symptoms of ove. 5C9 

next night af ber doors hanged himsd£ "Money (saith Xenophon) 
a very accept.ble and welcome guest, yet I had rather give it my dear 
ClLia than take it of others, I had rather serve him than command othe., 
I had rather be his drudge than take my ease, undergo any danger for his 
sake than lire in security. For I had rather see Clinia than ail the world 
besicles, and had rather want the sight of ail other things than him alone 
I ara angry with the night and sleep that I may not see him, and thank the 
light and sun because they show me my Clinia: I will run into the tire for 
sake, and ff you did but sec him, I know that you likewioe would rzn ith 
me." o Philostratus fo his mistress, "=Command me what you wiil, I will 
do it; bid me go fo sea, I ara gone in an instant, take so many stripes, I ara 
ready, run through the tire, and lay down my lire and soul at thy fcet, 'ris 
doue."So did '.olus to Juno. 

"Tuus  regina quod optas 
]xp|orare labor, mihi Jua capcsre f . 
And Fhædra fo l,t, 
fe vel sororem Hippolite aut famuhm voc 
ammquo pvu e ervRium er." 
• , a Kon me per t Ire si Jub 
Pigt galat inedi Pin 
on  per i h ant inf[a aina 
£uueter. paratus bensib pe¢tu dar 

0 queen It Is .hy pains fo enjoln me stdl. 
And 1 ara bound to exexute th¥ wlL" 

" 0 eall me sster, call me serrant, choose. 
Or rath«r ervag, 1 &mthine to use." 
"It shall hot grieve me fo the snowy hiIh, 
Or frozen Pin lus' tops forthwRh to climb, 
$ay but the word. for I ara aluaya t/une." 

Callicratides in CLudan breaks out into this passionate speech, "0 God of 
even, 'nt me this lift for ever to sit over agat my tss, an to 
h her sweet voice, to go in and out th ber, to hve eve other bushs 
common th ber; I wod labour when she hbou; 1 when she sails; he 
that hates her shod hte me; and ff a tyrant  ber, he should il 
if she should die, I would hot ve, and one ve shod hold  both." 
dFini Kl, s  nt a. Abrooem in etoenet 
 the like petition for hh Dell)hia,Tecum ve am, cum obm 
lubs. "I desh-e to lire with thee, and I m ady to die th thee." 'TU 
the same strain which Thea used   Ccleg "so tht I ay but 
enjoy thy love, let me e prently : » Leander to  Hero, when he bought 
the s xvv to let  go qetly to  love, and ll h oeming bk. 
Sparcite dura Tropo, rç dura ¢. "Spare me whit I go, dwn me 
 I rets" 'T the common ho of them a, to oentemn dt to 
wh for deat to coront death ts ¢ Quippe ç nfa, nec Onis, 
e oEdpitiu.m, nec ftum, noe en, ue lvs grav videtur; 
« 'T their dusire" (sth Tyfi) "go e." 
a'au4 rimer oem. ¢upR e h ip-oa 
"e d noç fear dth, ho deseth such Ul,On the very swords:' Though 
a thound ago or dev keep the gat, Çerbe selÇ 8oyroa 
and Procrt hy h wt, d the way  dgerous,  csible 
thmugh fie fles and over buhg coultem, he ' adventure for  thh. 
And   Peter Aberd lost  testides for  eloe, he  I y hot 
ventre an cion, but Efe itsel£ For how my llants offe» to lo 
the ves for a ght's lodng with Cltra  those days ! and ia the 
 Int¢lllgo pnlam r ,endimam. meam en btin dar Cnioe quam ab alils accl- 
• ideam,  aum et ]1 atiam habeo quo i Cm o»teDnt. go etmm ¢ çaia 
eut rere i et ,0 vos quoque mecum UlS ai videret $ Impe=a qdvh; vavig jub nave 
conendo; plag cipere. pi, et-r; mam profunder% in ! c non re, lubes [-io. 
a ne  ii,p. g. 2. b Ilujos o vivo& morm huJus ero. rrop, hb. 2. v  vat; 
III& m. Id. « D . blB=i   es u[t ait vi h pm'pet ex advcrm amicm 
$e et ve luenm aur . ai mo&tur, vivere non nebo, et id et epcm 
d BunoE " ¥hen she  my ve sh  be at rt  the mb." eEplsL 21. Sit ho¢ votUiil 
diis am Delphldem, ab ca ama lm  et luenoem auX. lor. g 1 b Lge 



570 Love-Me.anclwly. [art. 3. Sec. 
or moment of dexth, 'tis the sole comfort to rememr their d mt% 
  Zorbo   Frce, and Brdimart  B«by;  ci &d  ily. 
--k whe  fd al. 
ut On I  Fl teth b h 
11«  cn9 and o ent 
aen Captaln Gvbri by an u,lucky accident had reoeived 
woun   tru elazt, erble man that  a (insad ofothcr 
devotions) he cries out, shall  e before I oee my swoethea Ronthe 
a m«r (ith mine author) a qulcquid h«an , 
so love trip, conms, sults over death itsel£ Thin pryoun 
men lost their lires for that t pda' ke, the daughter of Onomau 
ng of Elis : when that ha condition w rropoeed of dth or ctory, they 
ade no count of it, but oeageously for love died, tM Pelops at lt won 
ber by a sleight. As many gnta dtely adventured theb 
blo for Atan, the daughter of Schenius,  ho of marriage, a van- 
uished and overm t ppomen bya fewgolden appl happily obed 
s st. Fee, ofold, fought with a s mor for Andromed's sake 
o t. George fi-oed the ns daughter of Sa (the golden legend is mine 
author) that w exços to a dragon, by a retable combat. Out 
eant, and the S Lanoelo of the day  ho wfil dventure  much for 
la' fayot,  the quioe of Dam, Kght of the S h" Dev 
vuthpton, or tht renowned r, 
 nOrlando, who long lme had loved d 
Angeli the fair, and for ber ke 
Ab.ut the world In nion$ far and nr, 
he  a v dtard, a oeward, a blk and a best, that wifi hot do as uch, 
but they w sure, they w; for it is  ora tng for the motos 
of out time to say d do more, fo sb te arms, oe in 
tht Than Thero, tht bit off h own thumb, poca v ad 
œemulaum, to mako : co-val do  muc 'Tis equent with them to 
chenge te field for te dy and '   run a tt, 
Pat elther  ( Holy they 
d then up d  it again, 
 And th tbelr es boEh so $orely pour. 
 neither plate nor ml su$tn'd the 
ut veld k ke rotteu w der. 
d e d flh e h,ng r thr;  
and in ber qreÇ to fight so long "tifi their hd-piece, buce be 
roke and swor hacked ke so many ws," for they mt hot e ber 
abd in any so, 'ris bphemy to sk t ber, a dhhonour thout 
aH go rct to naine ber. 'Tis common with th creat to 
hlths upon the bare kne though it we a e  the botm, no matr 
of what mture, offit cornes.  she bid them they  go bfoot to Je- 
s]em, to the t 's cot, to the Et In  fetch ber a bird to 
wr in ber t: d th Dke d Cavenh  rond about the world 
for ber swoet sak vs vt, e twioe seven y  J d for 
chel; do  much  tsmunda, the ughr of Tancredus, poe of 
alea, d for Gard ber te love, t  h when 

I Ariost k Chncer, in the Kniht's Ta]e 1Theodorus prodromus, Amorum h'b. 6. Interpret. 
Gau]miuo. mt)vid. 10 Met. Higin,u.., c. 1$. n.4A'i/l, lib 1. Cant. ]. staff_ 5. OpItXL diaL 
nmor. i Fsete Queene, canL 1. lib. 4. et cant. 3. 1i6. 4. q Dum eaœt pet, ents Inst.r Sel"s 
exclus, scutum, &c., I Barthio.% C]etina. r Lebi sex eythi septem Justina bibatur. SAs 
Xanthffim for the love oi/uripl)e , omncm/urosm peragrvit. Partheniu Exo caI 8. t Beroa]dus  



3.] Sy,nptom.  L »e. 571 

Artemesia drank ber hushand's bonus beaten to powder, and so bury hm, i** 
herself, and endure more torments than Theseus or Paris. Et his colitlr 
Venus mag qu« thure, et vtim, xth such sacrifices  the 
toenetus holds) Venus la wc pleed. Gcnerally they undeake any pain, 
lgboxr, y tsil, tbr their mhtrd sake, love and admire  oervanK hot  h.r 
alone, but to ail ber friends aad followers, they hug amd emhrace them for h,.r 
ke; ber dog, picguoe, and every ghing she w, they adore it as a relic. 
any man corne ri'oto ber, they feast him, reward him, will not he out of hh 
eompmzy, do him ail ooes, stifi remembefi;,g, still talking of ber: 
• , x am si abat qaod ames, presto aimulra men 
llli eg nomea dulco obrvatur ad a" 
The very carrier that cornes from him to ber la  moet we]come est; au,l 
 he bfing a letr, she will «d it twenty tim ove, and  Y Lcretia did by 
Eualus, "kiss the letter  thousand rimes together, and then ad it :" And 
CheHdon by Ponins, after many sweet klsses, put the letr in her boeom, 
« And ki agai and offert look thereon, 
 d ay the meug¢r thatouid  goue:" 
And ask many pretty questions, over and over agahh  hosv he looked, wha 
he did, and what he id? In a word, 
,,a Vt placere eae ami vu!t mL t pedieq.[ "He ves to p]ee his miesç, and ber mai 
Vt OEmg t eam c et tulo meo." [ Hr seT and ber dog, d " weH 
If he get any remnant of hers,  bk-point, a feather of her fn,  shoe-ti 
a lace,  rg, a bracelet of hair, 
• " b Piasque repm hceis; 
Aut digi m 
hewes it for a favour on h arm,  hîs ha finger, or next his beaU. Her 
pictu he ad twice  day, and for two hours gether ll not loek off 
as Ldamia did by Pmtesilaus, when he went  wa "'¢sit at home th 
picture belote her :'  er or  bracelet of he is more precious than any 
saint's lic," he lays it up   cskeO (O blessed rec), and eve day will 
ki it: ff h her presence, his eye is never off ber, d &k he will whcre 
she dk, ff it be posble, lu that ve T place, &c. If absent, he wi walk in 
the walk, sit under that te here she did use to sit,  that bower, in 
ve st, f m« oslait, d man y years er sometimes, thougk 
she be far disnt and dwell many mfles o he loves yet to wa that way still, 
to have 1 chamber-window loek that way: to walk by at ver's side, which 
(though f away) rs by the house where she dwe, he loves the wd biows 
to tha ct. 
"O quotles 1 phs prorantib ll  «« O happy stem n that blw that way, 
Fec pchr vis  ventL " For yoa 1 e my 10v¢'s " oe to-dy.  
e wi send a msage to ber by the nd, 
'IVos auroe Alpin p  mauflb 
Hoec  poHate," 
g he does to confer with some of ber acquaintanoe, for s hem is still with 
ber, h OElk of her, admiring sud commenng her, lamenting, moang, 
hing himse any tng for her sake, to bave opportunity  see her, O that 
he might but enjoy her presencel So did Fhilostt to his streg, ,,i O 
appy ground on which she troads, and happy were ] ff she wod trd upon 

u EplsL 17. L ¢. • Lucrettu "For ff the obtect of your love l)e absent, ber Image l present, 
and hcr sweet nmne la stlll familiar in my ear&" • nea Sylviu. Lncretla qnum accepig Eariali lkeras 
hilaris statim milHesque papizLtrn basiavlt, a Medits inseralt paplili litteram eJus. mille prtu panens 
auavi•. Arlst. 2. epL I& • Plautus, Asinar. : Hor. ** Some token snatched from ber arm or her 
:cntly rcsisring flnger." e I!la domi sedens Imaginera ejus flxis oculis assidue conspicata, d 
dstractcd will lmprint kisse on the door&" • Bnchanan SyIv, tFracastorius lqaugero. " Ye 
alpine wind.% ye mountain breezes, best these giRa to ber."  Happy servants that serve ber, happy men 
t'hat are In ber company, h lqon IpSo solum sed lpaorum memoriam amant. Lucian. 1Epia. 0 tor 
|ILt solum I b¢tua cgo ai ma lcsvez; fltua tuus amne aia/er¢ potest, & 



.572 Love-Moenchol v. [Part. 3. Sec. 2." 

me. I tlfink ber eonntenance would make the rivera stand, and when she eomea 
abroad, birds will sing and corne about ber." 
** Ridebunt valle.ç. 15debunt obvie Tempe, I "' The flelds will laugh, the pleasant vaey bure. 
|u flo,'em viridi pltint ibi humtt." nd ait the grain will tnto flowers turm" 
O,,tn/s Ambrosia sFir«bi aura. -k Whcn she la in the meaxlow, she la fairer 
than any flower, for that leste but for a day, the river la pleasing, but if 
vauisheth on a su,lden, but thy flower doth hot çde, thy stream la gTeater thaa 
the sea. If I look upoa the heavea, methinks I ee the aun fallen down to 
.hiae below, and thee to shiae in his pLace, whom I desire. If I look upon the 
night, methiaks I see two more g|orious stars, Hesperua and thyseL£" & little 
airer he thus courts his mistress, 'aIf thou goest forth of the city, the protect- 
ing gode that keep the towa will rue after to gze npon thee: if thou sa/| upot, 
the seas, as so many small boat% they will ibllow thee: what river wou/d hot 
rue iuto the ae" Aaother, he sighs and sob% swears he hth Cor scissure, 
a heart bruised to powdcr, dissolved and melted within him, or quite goae 
from him, to his mistres' bosom belike, he is in an ovea, a slamander in the 
tire, so scorched with love'a heat; he wisheth himself a saddle for ber to sit on, 
a posy for her to smell to, aad it would hot grieve him to bo haaged, if ho 
might be strang|ed in her garters: he would willingly die to-mon-ow, so that 
site might ldll him with ber owa hand, m Ovid would be a tien, s gaat, s ring, 
Catullus a sparrow, 
'* • 0 si tecum ludere s|cut |psa po&sera, 
Jt trites aalmi levare cuuas." 
nareon, a glas%  gown, a chMn, ay 

" Scd specnlum ezo ipse tiare, 
Ut me tuum usque cet'na 
Et vestis ipse flam, 
Ut me tuum uue gestes. 
Iutart et opto in unda, 
Lavera tuo ut anus, 
lardus puella tiare, 
Ut ef,o tcipsam |tltltlstmt 
Sire fascit in Impillis, 
Tuo et monile collo, 
l:iaraque calceus, 
,%*ltem ut pede tique calces." 

0 thrice happy man that shall ejoy her: 
and PSalmaci to Hermaphroditus, 

,,o But I a looklng-g|ass woud 
8tEl to be Iook'd upon by thee, 
Or I, my love, would be thy gwn, 
By thee to be woru up and down 
Or a pure well full fo the briras. 
That I mlght wash thy pnrer liml: 
Or, l'd be precluua balm to "noint. 
With choicest care each choiceet Joint 
Or. i I r-ight, l would be fain 
About thy neck thy happy chan 
Or would it were my blessed hap 
To be the lawn o'er thy fait pap. 
Or would I were thy shoe, to be 
Dally trod upon by the" 
a they tht s-w Hero in luseu% 

--" q Felices mater, &. felix nutrlx. 
Sed Ion cunctL% Iongque beatior fdie, 
Quem uoEn  et  abere 
e me psioa ruade her brk out  the comedy,rroe 
guoe cure  ban& " happy are h bedfeows;" and  she d of Cpru% 
Eta q OEi urfura s, bleaed h that woman that sha be fe, 
nay, tce ppy she that sH enjoy m but a night, tU oe J 
sce]$ro iaran» such a night's lodg is woh Juites soeptre. 
Q mo or" 
"0 what a bllssful nlght would if be, how so, how sweet a d " She wl 
advente a ber te for such a night, for a nccrean» a ba  alon 
Qul te videt btu 
Beior qui te audmU 
Qui te potitur est De "g 
The sulhn of Sançs wlfe in Arabi when she h soen Vertomannu% that 
k Im cptst. In pm cure L flor $uperat: illl pulchr] sed unln$ utum diei: flnviu$ e  evat. 
al ttltlS flus'i tlla in,or. Si tlum pic. so]¢m ex]gmlo cidL.$ e in tea ambular.. I Si clta 
egfçdeti quentur  dli cu$te tlmCtaenlo mmoti ; $l navie qeentur; quia flu m um 
,t.m flgaret  m EL IS.  * "Oh. ,f 1 Itllght ouly dmlly wlth 
my miud. œee m Ca. 3 "EngGhed by M.B iiolUday, in 
Ib. 1. q Xenopon. Cyro. lib. .  i'laatut do mflit æ Lucian. t E Gro R ni 
z., lle h hai,i,Y  ho  thc *nvre happy  ho he  8o w Jo'a e" 



eomely tveller, lamented fo herIf in gh manner, " 0 God, ghou has 
mad thi man w[er ghan the sun, bu[ me, e husband, and all mychildren 
black; I would fo God h wet my husban,1, or tha I had ueh a on :" 
fell  weepg, d o impaien for love af st, that ( oiphar'a fe 
by ffoph) he would hve hd him g¢n  th ber, ahe aent way Gazelle, 
Tegeia, orna, ber waiging-malds, looeed h with fait promioes and 
and wd him wih l the rheri¢ she eouldxtremum e mi,eroe 
munus mntl, "nt th£ lt reques to a wrehed loyer." But when he 
gave hot consent, she would bave gone with him, and lefç ail, fo be h page, 
h oet, or  laekey, Ce»'t« segui clrum co ut unb»-« s, so tt she 
might enjoy h, threateg moreover  II hee" . Men  do as 
much and more for women, spend goods, lands, lires, foes ; gs 
leave their crow  King John for Iati]da the nun at Dunmow. 
 m But kiu tu thé« yet pflleg'd may b 
r b a monk  I m hve with the * 
e ve gods wll endure any shame (oEtu OEu g g  tiSus 
&c) be a spectacle   and Vn were» fo all the rest ; so dd Lucian's 
Iercury wish, anradventure so dost thou. They w adventure the ves 
with aity- .pro qu«  uam nay more, o q 
m U ri, I 11 die tce, nay, twenty tim for ber. If she die, 
thera no remedy, they must die with her, they oennot help it. A loyer in 
CMcagnus, wro this on his dardes mb, 
«« Quinela obliK d non Qnineia ola obii K  « Qainela m dr fs dd. but hot 
Qui»e obiiç t cure Quinc et ip obfl; [ For I ara deS, and with ber I ara gone: 
liisu obit, obit gratl lus obR, Swt amii mi ea, ail with ber do reat, 
ee mea nc ama  p,   ulo " d m  to for 'tre hot OE m 
How many doting love upon the like oecion might say the saine  But 
the aro toys  rç they w h=ard the very  for their mtresd 
kO. 
*« Arque iqnl luter Jnven mls  et vcrbm  ] «' 0ne s dd,  heaven wod I hot 
Mon ego in coelo cupercm Deus ess [ dcsire t  fo go, 
tm orembs do er » If t t mine o houso I had 
uch  e e  Hero." 
enus fook heaven for AdoS" çecoe[o œeftur n. 
Jnivere,  Chaucer, thought when he had  r lay he should never go to 
heaven, he hould We so en'y here on earth ; had I such a mtress» he 
« e Coelum dlis ego nn uum i4m  « I wou]d hot  thelr 9rospefl, 
ed rtem ml d me invtdetent." e go shod envy my flici." 
Aother  earnest]y dir to behold  sweethe, he  oeventure and 
leave aH this, d more thzn t to e ber alone. 
"' d 0mnla quoe pat;or msla si nsare relit for& I "If ail tuf mlschis were 
Uns iqua nobi$ proepefltat dfl ] And G wouid gve me wbat I quesd, 
MOe precor, ut fint, Iiant me ceere eora I would my mJstre" prince o,ly 
Cor  vm q net h, " Which doth mine h In pn tive koep.  
But who  reckon un the dotage, madnoes, rvitude and bldness, the 
fooh phanères d vaties of loyers, their rmen, whes, ie atmpts 
Yet for  t. amongst so many ome, aburd, troublome eymptom 
inconveniences, pnttioEl fi and psionsweh re usuallyincident to such 
ovs, there be some good and acel quaties  loyer, whic th afl 
tion camet]L " " 
As t kes wise men thon, so many tin]es it akes foo 
bome wise ; • it k b fellows become generous, eowds courageo,"  Cardn no out of lutrch; covetou., liberal and magnicent; clown 

YLod. Vertomsunus, navig. IIb. 2.  $. 0 de,m, hune creast! sole eandldlorem, e dier me,  eonJugem 
eum,  vatos meos otaries niin Utam i  lbit Ge leia, Ga)zer et 
on¢t,  n   M D. a Hor. Ode 9, b.   Ov. MOL lO. • Bucn Hendsyl. 
d Petra • Cdan. l . de p.  Hbu$ genesos efficere le ex di$ audace ex av splen- 
dido ex sibus clvil  udebus e ex  reliosvs ex  dosue 
 d flco ex mu elut 



74  /.ove-dancTw[,./. [Part.. 3. Sec. 
civil ; cruel, gentle ; wickod profane persons fo become religious ; slovens. 
neat ; chut]s, mereiful ; and dumb dog, eloquent; your y &-on qdck 
and nimble." Fer  oet , that tierce, cel, and de Cyclopa 
Polyphemus sighoe, and shed many a oet ar for GalatoEs e. Io pioa 
causeth eater teratio, or more vehement of joy or ontent. Plutarc 
b'¢mpos, l. 5. ç. 1, fth, « that the so of a man in love h fitH of 
lcffum and swt odou, and ail mauner of p]eg n and tune,  
much that it is hard  say ( he adO) wheer love do mo meu mo 
hrm tn goo" It ad spi d mak tm, otherwhe so and silly, 
g-nerous aud oeurageo, gAfat awr. ine's love mo 
Teseus so adventuro and Medea's buty Jn so co; 
a tirem.  Pla h of ophion that the love of Ven ruade Ma so 
v.doro. " A young man will be mch ahed fo commit anyfo offenco 
tlat shaH corne  the heafing or sight of  mist"  i he that dired 
of hh enemy now dng, to lay h th his faoe upwd,  amsi vire[ 
e  a r9o vuleratun, lt  sweeth should y he w a cow 
" And if it wero kpoible to bave an ay const of loyers, such  love, or 
are beloved, they would be exaordina valiant and  in the govement, 
nmdesty would deh them flore doing ams, emuhtion inci them  do that 
xvhich h good and honest, and a few ofthem wod overoeme a t company 
of others." The is no man so puslnimous,  ve a dastar whom love 
xrould not hcen, make of a divine mper, and  heical spifit.  he said 
in like , Tota rt coe[i ,  r, &c. Notg can terr, 
,thing can maythem. But  Sir BIan,limor and ParideÇ tho two bvo 
f i kghts, fought for the love of f Florimel in presenoe 
• , m And dran th thelr swor th rae anew, { Ado  If theoE spEn  e w 
Like two m mtiv h other ew, [ That  the g,ud th punie bld w,ts pren 
A]td shie[ d $hare, d mal d r and hcl ] And l vir o stcd th body gor 
So fri«,uly c other d  [did hew: [ Yct rcy o  bthe wo  they releuL 
As ff their uh at onoe they would ve teur,  So moal w theIr ce md   
Oat of eoE brt that ea of blood d tr [ That bo olv (n yield)  &¢ 
E-ery be swain in love wiH de to do  much for hh dear mtr' ke. 
e xs fight and fetch am Clum, at mo buckler of Arg, to 
do her oervice, adventure af a, dertake any entee. And  an 
tle Spaard, then Governor of Sluys, me awer to Iarqu Spinol ff 
the enemy brought 50,000 de against him he wod koep it. The nhe 
xvort, Oliver and wland, and forty dozen of pee are ail in ]m, he h all 
inertie, mour ofproo more than a m and  this e l»roved beyond 
himsel£ For  °Agatho contrit, a truc loyer h h j mpera, and 
x'aant. « PI doubt no therefore, but ff a man had such  my oflove 
{ Ctilio supposeth) he ht soon oenquer aH the world, except by 
he met with such anoer amy of amomtos to opp it." qFor  perha 
they might fight  that f«l dog and  ha  the hvens, coue one 
another rond, d never me an enoE Cto t Fer&hand g of 
 wod never bave conqued Granadg h hot Qun Ibel and ber 
1 been prient at the siege : "r It ot be expresd what coge tho 
Slh gh took when the hdi we prient, a few Spath& overme 
a multitude of Ioo." They H dergo any danger whaoever,  S 
%Valet y in Edward the Tds time, stuck  of ladi' favou, fought 
like a drago For soli «,  sp holds, pro «m mori 
f Anlma hominla amore pfl  rea subus  oEbua: Pues na  • O h [u 
eono : amor Vener Iam deL  forum t; olnm moEme oeubere m qunm 
amat... nm tu. qd mtntem. oetendIL. IPlurc. Ar. 4L k  quo pa flefi 
  cm ex «  pz . .  . a oenv, v Lb. • de A. nou dubi q 
-i vltum noer  or stm cwr  n fo c iqao eea 
et  quo omn r nL • Hyginus  e et le.re 1 et dlmar, roE 



only loyers will die for their fiends, and in their mlstress' quarre]. And for 
that eauss ho would bave women follow the camp, te bo speetators and choeu- 
r tgers of noble actions: upon such an occasion, the t Squire of Dames himselF, 
Sir Laneelot or Sir Tristrm, Coesar, or Alexander, shail net be mors resoluto 
or go beyond them. 
1Vot courage only doth love add, but as I sai,1, subtlety, wJt, and many 
pretty deviccs, U 2Vam(lUS dolos inspirat amer, f raudesqus ministrat, XJupiter 
ira love with Leda, and net knowing how te eompass his des[rs, tmaed himseLf 
ito a swan, and got Venus te pursue him in the likeness of an eagle; whieh. 
she doing, for shelter, he fled te Leda's "lap, e2 in ejus gremio se collocavt, Led 
embreed him, and 8o fell fst asleep, sed dorminera Juplter comtrressi, by 
which meaus Jupiter had his witt. Infinite such tricks love eau devise, such 
fine feasts in abundance, with wisdom and wariness, Yqzisfo21ereloOSSit 
ten. Ail manner of civility, deeency, compliment and good behaviour, fus 
salis a leporis, polite graees and merry conceits. Boeaeeio bath a pleasant talc 
te this I)urpose, whieh he borrowed frein the Greeks, and whieh Beroaldus 
hath tm-ned into Latin, Bebelius in verse, of Cymon and Iphigenia This 
Cymon was a fool, a proper man of person, and the governor of Cypras' son, 
hut a very ass, insomueh that his father being ashamed of him, sent him te a 
tkrm-house he had in the eount7, te be brought up. Where by chance, as his 
nmnner was, walking alone, he espied a g,llant young gentlewoman, named 
Jphigenia, a burgomaster's daughter of Cyprus, with ber maid, by a brook 
ide in a little thieket, fast asleep in ber smock, where she had newly bathed 
]ersel£: "When z Cymon saw ber, he stood leaning on his stafl; gaping on 
]er immoveable, and in amaze ;" st last he fell se far in love with the glorious 
object, that he began te rouse himselî up, te bethink what he was, woutd needs 
f:ll,»w ber te the eity, and for ber sake began te be civil, te learn te sing and 
danee, te play on instruments, and got ail those gentlemanlike qualities and 
£omldiments in a short spaee, which his friends were most glad of. In brief 
le beeame, frein an idiot and a clown, te be one of the most eomplete gentle- 
arien in Cyptaas, did many valorous exploits,and ail for the love of mistress Iphi- 
gt.ni& In a word, I may say thus mueh of them all, le them be never se 
clo'nish, rude and horrid, Grobians and slut. if once they be in love they will- 
bs most neat and spruee; for, Omnibus rebus, et nitidis nioribu anteveni. 
amer, they wiil follow the fashion, begin te trick np, and te bave a good 
oi)inion of themselves, vnust«tem cuire mater %tus; a ship is net se long a 
¢igging as a young gentlewoman a trimming up herselî against ber sweetheart; 
cornes. A paJnter's shop, a flowery meadow, no se gracious aspect in nature's 
storehouse as a young maid, nubilis ]ouel, a Novitsa or Venetian bride, that 
looks for a husband, or a young mn that is ber suitor; eomposed looks, eom- 
posed gait, dothes, gestures, actions, ail conaposed ; ail the graces, elegances 
in the world are in ber face. Their best robes, ribands, chains, jewels, lawns, 
linens, laces, si)angles , mnst eome on, /rroeter qxtm 'es 19atitur stt«dett ele,- 
9antice, they are beyond ail measure coy, niee, and too curious on a sudden 
'ris all their study, ail their business, how te wear their clothes neat, te be 
lolite and terse, and te set out themselves. No sooner doth a young man sec 
his sweetheart eoming, but he smugs up himself, pulls up his doak new fallen 
abouç his shoulders, ties his gatoEers, point.s, sers his hand, cuffs, slieks his 
]sait, twires his beard, &e. SVhen lIercm T was te corne before lfiz mistress, 
--'« «Chlamydemque ut pendeat apt [ ' H put hi ¢loak in erder, llmt tlae lace, 
OlOat. ut lmbu totumque aplet aurum." Ad bem and gold-work 

t Speter's Faerle Queene, 3. lok, csnt. & u Hyglnus, I. 2. *' For love th inspoe s with station  
d lugg  us ffau.*" z Arat tu Phoeno YVirg "'hocau decetve  io'er." Bunc 
bi copt t mo balle innix immob efl et mirabd  s Plutus C set 
   Plaut °Ovi ct. 2. 



$ 7  Zove-.?Ielancholj. [Part. 
Sdmac|s woRld not be seen of Hemaphroditus, till she had spmoed up 
he first. 
 d  tamen an ilL e pperbat I. ]  nr did slte m thonh "w ber 
Qm  mI*os qu*m circumspe ara*crus,/ 1"ili she coms helç and td'd ber 
t flnxit tum, et meruit fonno derl.'" *d t her I   m  re. "* 
Ven d  ordered the rentrer, tha when ber son e n w fo apr 
Lofore Queen Dido, he w 
** Os hnmeuc deo slmilis fnamqne Ip coram 
CHcm nnto genetH lumenque juventoe 
m'pBm  tos oc ara 
"famqne t! fo Jamque  tibi cu pcen [ " And then he dld be to nk im, 
Jam dos tis ts Poiheme caplo 'o plalt sud comb h he, and brd 
J:tm Hb utsm tlbi flee redere barba [ And Ik  fa l" th" wat  t 
Et ectsre fes  ua et mponere tu&" And  po hiH for  be 
][e w npon a dden now 8pee and kee  a new ound hatehee. Ho 
now gan to bave a good option of s o featur and good ps, now 
to be a 
 Jm Gaa venK nec mera delce nos I «' Cerne now, my Gtt  me noK 
C.: ego me no, quidue  imaue vioe [ or my poor prents; fer but yestery 
Œee aq» ue m m foa den  I w myself f th" water, and methouh¢ 
F ir I w en o e net I y." 
'« S Son sure eb infi nnper me in Uore  
Cure pld ventis effet 
'Tis the eommon humour of ]I uito fo trc np thee]v fo 
in pçsre], pè tus, nt, oem, nd curled, h powdered h, 
et t, wih  long loveAoc  ower  hi r, peed glov 
eve dy new ,  the fhio vrie; gog   he trd upon eg 
]ie 8we 8 ,igh, renounce  ook, gh d len, now d theu 
for his hrd hp, 8n rk ove  h ha hts, nd, donUle 
4,roeches, re in fon, how to cn h rd, nd er  loek fo u up 
brod, th he  side be coponden to the we:" he ay 
verwise,  Jian that apoetae emperor w for weqng a long hu 
cM ortion he de 8£ tioch fo exe e]f, he doh ironioEy 
conoe  young lver, e ue e ore çecff   e " 
drik in nt, and £ha. which i    e uf e ad  çrin." 
g£ oher good quies  oro feBow  endowed th, 
]e eo ing nd doe, ly uon 8oe instrument or oh,  
du he wII,  e be Iy tnçed weh t lotone of love. 
d 0 M  e ïr ! 
ade hie • g- • n- a He e . 
,,ia- --- , meL I& gVi» -{  , ,ovcly Dl of yout d "ven a lt I te 
cend Bte    e .- b EI - -- .fo I lately w mm e q 
 qu vt qu lt t  "», onquam et  
 bed ci »---  d q   Mt. u la - m  et nflo t 



k Erasmus bath if, Musicam doter amor et Poesln, love will m.ke them musi- 
cians, and to compose ditties, madrigals, clercs, love sonnets, and sing them 
to several pretty tunes, to get ail good qtmlitie.s may be had. IJupiter per- 
ceived Mercury tobe in love with Philoloa, because he learned languages, 
l,olite speech (for Suadel herself was Venus' daughter, as some write), arts 
and sciences, quo virgini ph«ceret, ail to ingratiate himself, and pieuse his 
ntistress. 'Tis their chiefest study to sing, dance; and without questiou, so 
m:my gentlemen and gentlewomen would hot be so well qualified in this kind, 
if love did hot incite them. « "Who," saith Castilio, "would learn to play, 
or give his mind to music, learn to dance, or make so many rhymes, love- 
songs, as most do, but for women's sake, becattse they hope by that means to 
I,urchase their good wills, and win their favour]" VTe sec this daily veri.fied 
in out young women and wives, they that being maids took so ranch pains to 
siu.g, l,lay, and dance, with such cost and charge to their parents, to get those 
graoeful qualities, now being nmrried wfll scarce touch an instrument, they 
cure hot/br it. Constantine agricult, lib. 11. cap. 18, makes Cupid himself 
to ho a great dancer; by the saine token that he was capering amongst the 
gods, "nhe flung dom a bowl of nectar, which distilling upon the white rose: 
ever since ruade it red :" and Calistratus, by the help of Doedalus, about 
Cupid's statue °ruade a many of young wenches still a dancing, to siguify 
belike that Cupid was much affected with it, as without ail doubt he was. For 
st hi and Psyche's wedding, the gods being present fo grace the feast, Gany- 
mede filled nectar in abundance (as PApuleius describes it), Vulcan was the 
cook, the Hours ruade ail fine with roses and flowers, Apollo played on the 
harp, the ]Muses sang to it, sed suavi Jlusicre s,«per inçressa Ie»us stzltavit, but 
his mother Venus danced fo his and their sweet content. XVitty q Lucian in 
that pathetical love paage, or pleasant description of dupiter's steating of, 
Europa, and swimming ri'oto Phoenicia fo Crete, makes the sea ca}m, the winds 
hnsh, Neptune and Amphitrite riding in their chario to break the waves 
before them, the trito dancing round about, with every one a torch, the sea- 
nymphs half-naked, keeping rime on dolphins' backs, and sinng Hymeneu 
Cupid nimbly tripping on the top of the waters, and Venus herseLt" coming 
after in a shell, strewing roses and flowers on their heads. Praxiteles, in ail 
his pictur« of love, feigns Cupid ever smiling, and looking upon danc¢rs; and 
i Saint Mark's in Rome (whosework I know hot), one of the most delicious 
i,iece, is a many of rsatyrs ,dancing about a wench asleep. 8o that dancing 
still is as it were a necessary appendix to love matt¢s. Young lasses m'e 
never better pleased than when as upon a holiday, aiïter evensong they may 
neet their sweêthearts, and dance about a maypole, or in a town-green under 
a shady elm. 1Nothing so familiar in "France, as for citizens' wives and maids 
to dance a round in the streets, and often too, for want of better in»truments, 
to make go«d music of their own voices, and dance after it. Yea many rimes 
this love will make old men and women that have more toes than teeth, 
dance," goln, corne kiss me now," mk and mure; for Comus and 
]-Iymen love masks, and al1 snch metwiraents above messure, will allow men fo 
I, nt on women's apparel in some cases, and promiscuously o dance, young and 
ohl, rich and poor, generous and base, of ail sorts. Paulus Jovits axeth 
Austine iphus the philosopher, "'for that being an old man and a public 

Chil. 4. cent. 5 pro. 16. 1Martians Cttpella, lib. I. de nupt plfllol, gara lm teno amore teneri, 
studio plur hare compt OE famitio diiplin & m LIb. 3. de ai. uis ¢hoteia 
insudre nisi foemin csutsl Quis mioe tt navsret operam nl quod i doee per- 
ulcere speret I Quis toi iss moeret, nisi ni de ecs ss OE mer exlicaret I n Cr 
n¢oEsris everit Its snd Deo q in am ¢aden rosam prbsm re OEfecit. o Puel 
¢hm'et cJuvenRem Cupiis statusm fecit. PhilosWst. lm. . . de stu. Exercitium amo 
$1,1iim. P Lib 6. Met. q "£«,m. g. rKomsn de r. mort. pt. 5. cap. 2. S&t. pue 
th,tanientl insnltsntium. &e. s Vlew of Ff. « Vita . Puel amore septui senex usqne ad 
i.:saniam ep/u& mui/is llberis sueptis : n]ti non sine pudore ntpext nem et phBooephum 
2r 



578 r.v«-.fSan«lly. [Part. 3. Sec. 2. 
professer, a f-ther of many clildrcn, he was se mad for the love of a young 
maid (that which many of his friends were ashamed te see), an old gouty 
fv]]ow, yet wou]d dance aîter fiddlers." Many laughed him te scorn for it, 
but this omnipotent love would bave it 
, u lIyacinthh]o bacille  "Love hasty with bi, purple staff did mako 
Properans «mer, me adegit [ Me follow and the dtuce te undertake." 
Violenter ad sequendum." 
And 'ris no news this, no indecorum ; for why7 a good reon may be given 
of it. Cupid and death meet both in an inn ; and being merrily disposed, they 
did exchange seine arrows frein either quiver; ever since young mendie, and 
oftentime old men doteX ic iur Ju'eni,  oibudus amat. And 
who can then withstand it7 If once we be in love, young or old, though out 
teeth shake in our heads like virginal jacks, or stand parallel asunder like the 
arche ofa bridge, there is no medy, we must dance trenchmore for a need, 
over tables, chairs, and stools, &c. And Pnctm Prancum is a fine dnce. Plu- 
tarch, ç#nios. l. quoest. 5. d,th in seine sort excuse it, nd telleth us moreover 
in what sense, ll«sicarn doter anor, licetriùfi«erit r«dis, how love makes them 
that hd no skiil before learn te ing and dance; he concludes, 'ris only that 
power and prerogative ]ove bath over us. "YLoe (as he holds) will make a 
silent man speak, a modest man most ofllcious; dtfll, cluick; s]ow, nimble; 
and that which is most te be admired, - hard, hase, untractable churl, as tire 
doth iron in a smith's forge, free, Facile, gentle and easy te be entreated." 
l,'ay, 'twill make him prodivn/ in the other extreme, and give a hundred 
esterces for a uight's lodging, as they did of o]d te Lais of Corinth, or 
d«ceta dracmarum rnillia 19ro uicd nocte, as ]Iundus te aulina, spend ail 
1 fortunes (as too many de in ]Jke case) te obtain his suit. For which CaLSe 
many compare love te ie, which makes men joviM and merT, frolie and 
sad, whine, sig, dance, and wht net. 
But above ail the other symptoms of loyers, this is net lightly te be over- 
passed, tht ]ike]y of what condition soever, if once they be in ]ove, they tm-n 
te their ability, rhymers, ballad-makers and poets. For as Pluta.rch ith, 
"They will be winesses and trumpeters of their pal'amours' good parts, be- 
decking them with /erses and commendatory songs, as we de statues with gold, 
that they may be remembed and admired of all." Ancient men will dote in 
this kind sometimes as t'ell as the test; the heat of lo'e will thaw t]eir frozen 
affections, dissolve the ice of age, and se far enable them, though they be sixty 
yeara ofage above the girdle, te be scarce thirty béneath. Jovianus Poutauus 
makes an old fool rhyme, and turn Poetater te please his mistress. 
ï 
For thon canst make an old man young agaln." 
They will be still singing amorous songs and ditties (ff young especially), and 
canner abstain though if be when they go te, or shouid be at chrch. 
hure a pretty story te this pm9ose in «Vestmonasteriensis an old writer o| 
ors (ff you will believe if) An. Dom. 1012. at Colewiz in Saxony, on Christ- 
mas eve a company of young men and maids, whilst the priest was at rnass in 
the chm'ch, were singing catche3 and loe songs in the churchyard, he sent te 
thera te make less noise, but they sug gn tl: nd ff yott  you shall 
]ave the very song itselï 
«' Equltabat homo per sylvarn frondoam, ] "A fellw rld by the greenwood s]de 
Ducebatque eecum llesvinden formosam, ud fair Meswinde was his bride, 
Qtid et•mu•, cur non imuat" [ V«hy stand we so, and do hot go  

u Anscreon. Carrn. ?. x Joach. ]el|ius, Eplg. *« Thus youth dles, thus in death he love&  Y De 
tacirurno IoqUacem facit, et de verecundo ofl]ciosum reddit, de negligete industrium, de soeorde lrnn|o-rnm 
• Josephu antiq. Jud. lib. 18. cap. 4. • GeLlit 1. |. cap. 8. Prefium noctis ecnturn seStertis  ï|. 
enim volunt uarm roalrmn pulcl3rttudinis preconcs ac teste c.e, ea laudibu, et cantilenis et versibu 
exornare, ut auto statu ut memoreutttr, et ab omnibus &dmiretttro c "um. 2. t. Dialogto 
 Flote hiat. fol. 298. 



Mem- 13.] ..¢mpeom of Loe. 79 

This they sung, he chaft, till at length, impatient as he was, he prayecl to 
lHagnus, patron of the church, they might ail three sing and dance till that 
rime twelvemonth, and so •they did withont meat and drink, wcarisomeness or 
giving over, till at year's end they ceased singing, and were absolved by Here- 
bertns archbishop of Cologne. They will in all places be doing thus, young 
f,,lks espeeially, reading love stories, talking of this or that young man, such a 
fait maid, singing, telling or hearing lascivious tales, scurrilons tunes, such 
objects are their sole delight, their continual meditation, and as Guastavinius 
adds, Coin. 6 4. 'ect. 27. Pr. Arist. oh semlnis abund.tntiam crebroe cogita- 
tiones, veners fruens recordatio et lyruriens voluptas, &c. an cantest longing 
cornes hence, pruriens corFus , irruriens an6na, amorous conceits, tiekling 
thoughts, sweet and pleasant thoughts; hence if is, they ¢an think, discourse 
villingly, or speak almost of no other suhjeet. 'Tis their only des|re, il" it may 
be done by art, fo see the!r husband's picture in a glass, they'll give nythig 
to know hen they shail be married, how many husbands they shall have, by 
cromnyomantia, a kind of divination with fonionslaidon the altar on Christmas 
eve, or by fasting on St. Anne's eve or night, fo know who shall be their first 
husband,.or by amphitomantia, by beans in a cake, &c., to bnrn the saine. 
This love la the cause of ail good conceits, gneatness, exornations, plays, 
elegancies, delights, pleasant expressions, sweet motions, and gestures, joys, 
comforts, exultant|es, and all the sweetness of our lire, qualis jam vita tàret, 
aut quid jueundi sine aureâ Venere ? i Emoriar cure ist on amplius nilt 
curafuerit, let me lire no longer than I may love, saith a mari merry fellow in 
]Himnermus. This love is that sali that asoneth out harsh and dull labours, 
and gives a pleasant relish to out other unsavoury proceeding., kAbsit amer, 
surgunt tenebrte, torpedo, veternum, pestis, &c. All out feasts almost, masques, 
mummin, banquets, merry meeting, weddings, pleasing songs, fine tunes, 
poems, love sot4es, I,lays, comedies, attelans, ji, fescenines, elees, odes, 
&c. proceed hence. IDanaus, the son of Belus, at his danghter's wedding 
Argos, instituted the first plays (some say) that ever were heard of symbols, 
emblems, impresses, devices, if we shall believe Jovius, Contiles, Paradine, 
Camfllus de Camillis, may be ascribed fo it. Most of out arts and sciences, 
painting amongst the test, was first invented, saith mPatritius ex amo.is be. 
tic/o, for love's sake. For when the danghter of = Debnriades the Sycioaian, 
was to take leave of ber sweethca now going fo wars, 
tabesceret, to comfort herself in his absence, she took his picture with coal npon 
a wall, as the candle gave the shadow, wh|ch her father admiring, perfected 
atîerwards, and it was the first picture by repo- that ever was ruade. And 
long al'ter, Sycion for painting, carving, statuary, music, and philosophy, was 
preferred before ail the oit|es in Greece. °Apollo was the first inveator of 
1,hysic, divination, oracles; Iinerva found ont weaving, Yulcan cnrious iron- 
wu»k, Iercury letters, but who prompted ail this into their heads ? Love 
dVunquam talia inz'enissent isi talia ad«»ssent, they loved such things, or 
ome party, for vhose sake they were undertaken at first. 'Tis true, Xulcan 
nmde a most admirable brooch or necklace, hich long after Axion and 
Temenus, Phegins' sons, for the singular orth of if, consecrated to Apollo, 
a t Delphos, but Pharyllus the tyrsnt stole it away, and presented it to A riston's 
wife, on whom he miserably doted (Parthenius tells the sto T ont of Phylar- 
ehus); but why did Ynlcan make this excellent Ouch? to give I-Iermione 
Cadrons' wife, whom he dcarly loved. 11 ont tflts and tournaments, orders of 

• Per roture snnum cantrunt, plnvi super illo non ©ec|dit on frlru non calot, ou tis, ec litudo 
flios affecit, &c. f His eorum omLna in¢ribuntur de qulbus quernt, g Huic mntis, ornatum 
|e orem, dels, ludos, elegantiam, omnem deuiqe vit avitstem debernus, h HygLnus. cap. 27,2. 
l E Groeco. k Angerlanus. l Lib. 4. rit. I i. de prin. |nstit. m Pi|n. iib. 35. cap. 12. n Gerbe]|us, 
|. . descript. Gr. o ransus, i. 3. de symbolis: qui prlmus symbolam excogitavlt volait nimirum 



the garder, golden eece, &c.roS 5 «««owe her 
nn to ]ov and many of out hto. By ths means, th Jovus tcy 
would express ther long minds to the tre» and  the beholde. 
the sole subjoe alost of et, 11 our nvention tends to t, all out son 
whatever thosc old Anreons (and thefore Hesiod mak the Iuses and 
Grac stfil foHow Cupid, and as Plutarch holds, Menander and the test of the 
e were love's p5ests) : aH our Greek and tin epiammatis,love writers. 
Antony Diogens the mos anen, whose epitome we find in Phoci Bibli 
theca, Longus Sophlsta, Eustatus, Aches Tatius, Aristoenetus, Hchodos, 
Ylato, Plutarch, Lucian, Partheniu Theodo Prodromus, Ovid, Catullu 
Tibull, &c. Our new Ariostos, Boyar, Au,hors of Arcadia, Urania, Faee 
Queene, &c. hIalus, Ltichius, Angeanus, Stroza, Sendus, Capellanus, 
&c. with the rcst of those facete modern ets, bave itten in th kind, e 
but  so many spto of love. Their whole books are a synopsis or 
brea T of love, the po4uous of love, legends of loyers' hv and death and of 
thcir memorable adventures, nay more, quod guntur, qu laantur ami 
t&5ent,  PNevisanus he laer holds, "there ner w any excellent et 
that vented good fables, or ruade laudable vernes, which w hot in love m- 
self ;" h he hot taken a qll from Cupid's wgs, he cod never bave written 
so amomusly  he did. 
u qCynthia te ratera fecit, lasCre Propertl, « Wanton Proeiu and tty 
Igeium Galli pulchra Lycoris habe. Snbtie Tibul]u and learncd Ca¢uliu 
Fama ct arguti emesls formosa Tibulli It w Cynthl Lla. Lychori 
Lbia dictavit, docte Catuile, tibi. OEhat ruade you poets ail; and if 
b'-u me PeiignuN nec sperne¢ Mantua ratera, (»r Corinna chance my paramour to 
l qua Corna mihi, si quis exis erit." Virgil and Ovid shl ot dp]¢ 
,« x on me inib rincer nec TaCe Ohe 
cc Linus." 
etrarch ura ruade him so ramons, Astphel's SteIla, and Jovianus Pon- 
anu mistress w the cause of hh rois, violets, ies, nuitioe, bladitiœe, 
j,»ci, deoer, nardus, ver, corolla, thus, [ars, Pall Venus, Charis, crocum, 
Lus, unentu costum, lhoe, myrrh usœe, &c. and the rt of 
his poems; why are IoEans at this day generay so good poets and paintem 
ecause eve man of any çashion amont them bath his mistress. The ve 
rusti and hog-rubbem, Menalcas and Cordon, quifoete¢ de stce uino, 
those fulsome knave if onoe they tte of this love-quor, e inspired in an 
instant. Iteoe ofthose aoeurate emblems, curions imprses, gaudy mques, 
tilts, uaments, &c., they bave their wak, Wtsun-ales, shepherd's 
lents, meefin on hoHdays, cotry dances, rodeys, tg their names 
on ts, true lover's knots, pretty g. 
« With tokenN hear dided, and halfrin 
Shepherda la the Iov are  y as kings." 
Choosing lords, la, ngs, queens, and valentinus, &c., thcy go by coupl, 
« Corydon«s Phil]l Nysa and 
With dainty Douibei d Sir 
Instead of odes, piams and elees, &c., they bave the bMlads, count 
tunes, "0 the bmom, the bonny, bonny broom," ditties and son, " 
LcUe, she doth excel,"--they must  eoe and inoEte a in rhyme. 
«, t Thou honeysuckle of the hawtho hedg e thon the Lady Creetlight to 
Vouchsafe In Cupid's cup my heart to pledge; Sir Trolly Lolly 'l]l I prove to thce. 
My hear¢s dear bloooE s'eet Ci is thy rou Wtten  hte, fareweH y cows]p 
Worth ail the aie in Gammer Gubbin' bouse." Pray let' a unday at the ehoe 
1 say no more, affalrs call me away, 
y fathe horse for provder duth 
our most grim stoioE and veoe posophers wfil melt away with th 
P LIh. 4. hum. I02, Svoe nnptialis poetoe non veniunt fabul, ant vs laudatos faclnt, nlsl qni ab 
amorc fu'int excitati, q $lm'tiaL ep. 73. ]ib. 9. r Virg. Eciog. .  one shall excei me in poetry 
t cither¢cant.¢heHoed.Thrlan Ohe,t .  1600.n°r oHo." $ Tenb rlb mi nomina sCben ut 



][em. 4.] Cre of Lore-zrelancloly. - 581 

.ion, and if" Atheneus belle them net, At.[4ippus, Apollidots, Autil,hanes , 
&c., bave marie love-son ça and commentaries of their mistress' praises, x orators 
write epistles princes give titles, honours, what noti YXerxes gave te The- 
mistoeles Lampsacus te find him wine, Magnesia fur bread, and Myunte for the 
test of his dit. The ZPerian kings aLlotted whole cities o like use, 
civitas mulieri redimicul«zm proebeat, /wec in coll«zm, hoec i crites, one whole 
city served te dresa ber hair, another ber neck, - third ber hood. Ahasuers 
would ahavo given Esther hl£ his empire, and bl=[erod bid Herodias "ask 
what she would, she shonld haro ig." Caligula gave 100,000 sesterces te 
courLezan st first word, te buy ber pins, and yet wher, ho was solieited by tho 
senate te bestow someghia o repair the deeayed walLs of lome for the com- 
monwealth's good, he would givo bn 6000 sesterees st mosg. Dionysius, 
that 8ieilian tyrant, rejected ail iris privy couneillors, and was se besoted 
/Iirrha his çvourito ald mistres, thag he wonld bestow no office, or in tho 
mos weighties business of the kingdom de aught without ber especial advice, 
prefer, depose, send, entertain no man, ghough worthy aud well-deserving, bu 
by ber consent; and ho again whom .he cornmended, howsoever unfit, 
worthy was as highly approved. Kings and emperors, instead ofpoems, build 
cities; Adriau built Anginoa in Egypt, besides constellations, temples, altars, 
statues, images, &c., in the boueur of his Antinous. Alexander bestowed 
infinite mms te set out his Hephestion te all eternity, dSocrates professeth 
himsel£ love's servant, i&¢noran in ail arts and sciences, a doctor alone in love 
matters, et quum ah'enarum rerum omn'um sc,'entrain diteretur, saith eIax- 
inlus Tyrius, his sectator,/tjtts ne.qotiiprofessor, &, and ts he spake open]y, 
st home and abroad, sg public feasts, in tho academy, in ?'yroeo, Jycoeo, sub 
Platane, &e., the very blood-hound of beauty, as he is styled by others. 
i concludo there is no end of love's symptoms,'ris a bottomless pit. Love 
stlbjecg te no dimensior, s; net te ho surveyed by any art or englue: and 
besides, I ara of tHoedus' rnind, "no man can discourse of love rentiers, or 
judge of them aright, that hth net ruade trial in his own person,:' or as JEneas 
Sylvius gad¢]s, "bath no a little doted, been mad or love-sick himsel£ I con- 
fess I ara but a novice, a contemplator only, 2Veo quidsit amer ec 
I bave a tincturo; for why should I lie, dissemble or extase it, yet home sun 
&c., net altogether inexpert in this subject, wn um pr«ceptor amaMi, and 
what I say is merely reading, ex aliorum.foran ieTtiA , by mir, e ow obser- 
vation, and ogher' relation. 

MEMB. IV. 
l'rognostics of Love-Mela,tcoly. 
WHA res, ferments, cares, jea]oies, suspicions, feam, ie, anetie», 
accompany such  are in love, ] bave suciently id : the next question 
what wfll be the event of such miee% what they forel. Seine atm of opi- 
nion that this love oennot be cured, ullis amer ea't mcdicabilçs herb, if 
accompi them te thei lest, Idem amer exkio est pecori pecorque magçstro. 
"The saine psion consumes both the shp and the shepherd," and  o 
continuate, that by no persuion almost it may  reeved. "Bid me net 
 Lib. 13. cap. Dipnoaophi,t. x ¢e Ptean. epi$t. 33. de sue Sçargareta eroaldn &e, en. Steph. 
apoL pro Herod. • Tul, orat.4. Vert. • Es/b. v. b Mat. 1. ]Tt eGravissimis rei negoii$ nihiI si. 
aioe $ co,$e,$11 feciL o,qfle acfi u scollo communivit, &e. Hich. BeH. dcoun. 6. de 
amer. 4 Ans famlus omem ecieutim 4iffitetur, amau4i tme e s¢ieutissim 4octm aosci 
eNe. 8. fQnia horum ribere mvltl potL ni qui et  aiiqautum insanit [ [ Lib. 1. de con. 
tcmnendia ol'ibu$; opiner hec de re neminem sut ceptare rtè po autj ure q non in es veatll r 
attt  fecerit periclum, h" I ara net in love ner de I know what lqve may be." i Semer 
n unqam mouus est qui amer. n. $ylç. 1 Eufiai. ep. ad Lucreti. m, apud Eneam Syivium : Rog ut 
;lla c  $ l'hb relmqucre 



582 Zm, e-Moenclwl. [Part. 3. Sec. 2. 
love," id Eualus, «bid the mountns corne down into the pl bid the 
ve n back te their rounds; I oen  on leave  lov%  the s lve 
h comme;" 
cm Et rl oeuos vc et montons umb I"Fitsbawsntthflsthemotalnsshad% 
Et olnerÇdentIvI et mn vent  Woods sinng bir the wiud'a 
Q mi dcedent foo Ui i."] Th my   love 
Bid me net love, bid a df m hr, a bd man see, a dumb sk, lame 
n, counsel tan de no goo a sick man caot h, no phyc 
'on pros,tnt domino qtoe prosunt omnib artes.  Allo oeoE, and 
Jupiter himself cod net be cured. 
« a Omn bamano$ rat medleina dolores» ] tf Pbyg¢ n on ee e dlse 
Solus amer morbi non bet aiflm." o Ëxcel,ting lov that  it hot app.  
D,t whether love may be cured or no, and by what means, shaH be expet 
in his place ; in the mean time, ff if take his cour, and be net othee d 
or amended, it br out in outg oKen and proo events. mor 
tf Liber violenti dii sttnt, as PTati observ, et eousque animum incdunt, 
t«t pt«dor obliezci co9ant, Love and Bah 'e se olent go, se fiu4oly 
rage in out minds, that they make  fort ail honesty, shame, and 
civility. For such men ory,  are thorougy poed with t 
huo, bome insensoti et insaç for if  qamor ian, 
cMls it, beside theeIv, and  I have proved, no betr than b, i 
tional, stupid, head-stron& void of fear of God or men, they frequently fot 
swear themselves, spend, sal, commit incests, ra, adteri, mm'tiers» 
dt.poI,ulate tow, cities, countri, te tfy the lt. 
a r A deS! "i$, and mlschief such doth wor 
As never yet did gan Jew» or T" 
The wa of Troy may be a sucient witns; and  Appian, 1. 5. t. ith 
of Antony and Clpat, "t The love brought themselv and 
extreme and miserable calamiti," "the end of ber is  bitr  wo-woed, 
and  sharp  a two-edged sword," Pv. v. 4, 5. "Her ft go do  dth 
ber steps lead on te hell. She h more bitter than dth, (Eccl.  28.) and 
the ser shaH be keu by ber." t Qui in amoreprœepitavit, 
quàm qui saxe salit. « UHe that ns hdlong frein the top of a rock h no 
in se bad a e  he that faBs in t ff of love." "For henoe," ith 
XPlat "com repentce, dotage, they lose themselv, the wits, and 
ake shipk of the fo almgether :" mne,  make ay them- 
selv and othe, olent dth. rognsticatio est tolis, ith Gordo, 
o succurratur iis aut zn anm cadut, aut toriuntur ; the prooi 
tion h, they w either n mad, or di "For if th psion contue," ith 
alian 3[ontaltus, "it mak the blood hot, tck, and black; and ff the 
inflammation get into the bra, with continual meditafion and wag, if 
d if up, tt madns foHows, orelse they make awaytheelv" 
, Corydon, qœe te dement cepit ow,  old adO, it 
work theoe effec, ff it be net prently help; "tThey H pine away, 
mad, and die upon a sudden;" acilè incident in anm, th V 
quickly mad, ni sccurratur» ff good order be net taken, 
« e Eheu iste ]um quiu[s amoris haç [  h h yoke of lov wbi¢h who h 
fs pri  nrit  per petit"  quote don ud that at 

m Bnchat an, Syl. n Propert. lib. . leff. 1. o Est orcus illa vis» est immedlbBiN res rabl lnv 
• Lib.  q Virg_ Ec 3. r R.T.  Qui qde amer uoue et tom E-pm extroejs amitabu 
involt, t Plaut. u Or cocus ponde ie  amore ppi. At. 1.2. de elv. .   
x Di. uc oritur poenltenti dperafio, et non dt lngi  cure re sim atomise. Y Idem 
• c. Rabidam factu Orln. Juv. SCap. de Hoico Amo. H pio 
you " b ni fiant aut bl Ip doEan mo agert. Lgu  m  m 
ptiun, o C 



Mcm. 4.] Cure of Lore-Melanchoty, 
Se he confessed of hcrself in the port, 
0' d Iranla prlusquam luis sentier.e, I "I sa]l be mad before il be yercelved, 
VOE i,I11 intervalle h furore absum." A lIr-breadth off source ara 
As mad as Orlando for his Angelica, or Hercules for his Hylas, 
"Al llle raelaat tlnt pede dncebant, furi|mnduat I "He went he ear'd mot whther, mari he 
lgam illl svtt Drus intusJecur 'laniabat." "/he cruel Ood se tortur'd him, alasl" 
Al the sight of Hero I canner tell how many ran mad, 
• ' QAlius vulnua celan insanlt pulchritudine lmell" I "ladneaaAnd hllstcomethe dOthon hime°neeallike a 
Go te bedlam for examples. Il is se well known in every village, how many 
bave either died for love, or vo|untary ruade away themselves, that I need net 
much labour te prove il: t lVec modus eut requ&s nisi nmrs reIeritur amoris : 
death is the common catastrophe te such persons. 
« • Morl mihl eontint¢at, non enlm alla I  Wonld I were del ! for nonht, God knows 
Liberatio ab oerumnia fuerit ullu pacte lstl » ]ut death can rid me of these 
As soon as Euryalus departed frein Senes, Lucretia, his paramour," never 
looked up, no jest could exhilarate ber sud mind, nojoys comfot ber wounded 
and distressed seul, but a little after she fell sick and died." But this is a 
gentle end, a nattu-al death, such laersons commonly make away themselves. 
propriotlne in talaine ltetus, 
Indlgantem animera vaCUaS effudit la aaraa " 
se did Dido; çed mort'atout ait, sic sicjvat ire per um$ras; h Pyramus and 
Thibe, lledea, i(_Joresus and Callirhoe, kThea-fines the philosophe]; and ruany 
myriads besides, and se will ever de, 
" 1 et mihi fort:s « Vhever heard a story of more woe, 
Est manne, est et amer, dabit hic in vulnera virea » I "fhan that of Julict and ber lemeo ? 
ead laarthenium in roticis, and lalutarch's amatorias narratiows, or love 
stories, ail tending almost te this purlaooe. Xralleriola, li6. 2. o6serv. 7, bath a 
lamentable narration of a merchant, his patient, "m that raving through impa- 
tience of love, had he net been watched, would every while bave offered violence 
te himself." Amatu.s Lucitanus, cent. 3. car. 56, bath such aanother story, and 
Felix Plater, rted. observ, lib. 1. a third of a young gentleman that studied 
physic, and for the love of a doctor's daughter, having no hoi, e te compas 
s desire, poisoned himself. PAnne 1615, a barber in Frankfort, because 
wench was betrothed te another, cul his own throat. At lqeoburg, the saine 
year, a young man, because he could net gel ber parents' consent, killed his 
aweetheart, and afterwards himself, desiring this of the magistrale, as he gave 
up the ghost, tbat they might be huried in one grave, Quodque rogls speres$ 
tmà requies«at in « râ, which rGismunda besought of Tancredus, ber father, 
that she might be in like so buried wlth Guiscardus, ber loyer, that se their 
bodies might lie together in the grave, as theh" aouls wander about  Campos 
lvçenles in the Elysian fields,(lus durus amer vruddi tube oeeredit, t in a 
nyrtle grove 
«' et myrea elr¢mn 
Sylva tegit: cnroe non ila in morte rellaqunt." 
You bave net yet heard the worst, they de net offer violence te t]aemselves in 
this rage of lust but unto others, their nearest and dearest friends. XCatiline 
killed his only son, rnisitgue ad orci lallida, lethi obnubile, obsita tenebris loca, 
d Lnctan Imag. Se for Lncian's mstrraa, all tlat saw ber and could net eoy ber, ran mad, or hanged 
themelvea QMuSteu fOvid Met. lO. -'nea Sylvius. Ad ejus decessum nunquam visa Lueretia 
ridere, nttllis faeetiir jocia, nulle gaudo potnit ad ltitiam renovari, mox In œegritudinem incidit, et sic brrr! 
contabnit. Anacreo. h ", Dut let me dte, she aays, thus; thus il ia better te tleacend te the shade" 
1Paussuias Achalcis, 1. ?. I blegaxensis amore flagrans, Luciar Tozn. 4. | OvioE . met. m Yurio 
bnndtt$ putavit se dere imaivem puelloe, et corm ]vqu! blaudieas illi, &c. n Juven. 
o Ju,enls Medic[noe operam dans doctors fzliam deperibst, &c. P Getardn Arthns Gallobelgcn& nund. 
vernal. 161-% reliure novacu]a apera]t, et inde expiravtt- q Cuzn renuente parente ntrvque et ipsa virgme 
frui nvn poet, ipum et tp.m izterfecit, hec à rnagistraz leten, zt in codera zepuchro epeliri poszzt. 
• Bocaccio. • Sede eorum qui pro zmori• impatientia pereunt, Virg. 6. neid. t "' Wbom cruel love 
with its ustlvg po er destroyer." u,, d a z11¢ gzove oezl tl Ihe; zox de caxea xv.lLuuh 
th ¢' en in dtt iLs]." • . Va.l. 



8 Love-J/enco[y. [Part. 3. Sec. 

£»r the love of Aurelia Ori.tella, quSd ejus nupt;as rlvofillo recusaret. YLao- 
dice, the siter of Mithridates, poisoned her husband, to give consent to a base 
fvllow whonl s|le loved.  Alxander, to please Tha, a concubine of his, set 
Persepolis on tire. a'Tcreus' wife, a widow, and lady of Athens, for the love 
of a enetian gentleman, betrayed the city; and ho for ber sake, murdered hi 
wife, the daughter ofa nobleman in Vence. bConstantine ])espota ruade away 
Catherine, his wife, tuled hi son Iichael and his other children out ofdoo 
for the love of a base scrivener's daughter in Thesalonica with whose beauty 
ho was enamoureoE Leucophria betrayed the city where she dwelt, for hot 
sweetheart's sake, that wa in the enemies' cmp. dpithidice, the governor's 
daughter of Methinia, for the love of Achilles, betrayed the whole island to 
him, ber fther's enemy, e Diognetus did a much in the city where ho dwelt, 
for the love of Policrita, ]Kedea for the love of Jason, she taught him how to 
tame the fire-breathing brass-feeted bulls, and kill the mighty dragon that 
kept the golden flece, and tare ber little brother Absyrtus in pieces, that hcr 
fitther -/Ethes might bave something to detain him, while she ran away with 
ber bcloved Jaon, &e. uch acts and scenes bath this tragi-comedy of love. 

»E. V. 
UBSECT. L--Cure of Love-z]ldanchol#, b Labour, Diet, Phy.ç;c, Fastlig,,'c. 
ALTIIOUGH it be controveed by saine, whether love-melancholy may be 
cured, because it is  in-istible aud violeut a pion j for m you 
--" ffaes desoens Avei; I '* It ls an ey pge d to heU, 
$ed revore wlum, superue evere  a; [ But to oeme b onoe er you ot wciL'* 
llic labor, bac opus 
Yet without question,  it be taken  tlme, it may be helped, and by many 
good remedies amended. Aoenna, lib. 3. Fe cap. 23. et 24. se down 
seven compendious ways how this malady may be e, altered, and expeed. 
Savanola 9. principal oboervatio, Jon Pratcnsh pr--ribes eht les 
t,csi,] physic, how this psion may be med, Laurentius 2. ain prpts, 
Atoldus, Vlleriola, Monta]t, Hdeshe, Lavus. and othet-s fo us 
otherwise, and yet aH nding  the me puoe. The sure of w [ will 
briefly epitome (f I light my candle from theh- rches), d en]arge again 
upon occasion,  shall seem bt  me, d that r me o method. e 
first le  be obseed in this stubbo and unbrioeed pon, is exeise aud 
diet. It  an old and we-knox sennce, i Cerere et Ecofget Venus 
(love o oeol without bread d e). As an gidle denta e, berM 
feedg, are great cauoes of it,  the opite, labour, slender d spg diet, 
with oentual b, are the best and toast ord means to prevent it. 
 OUa  tollas pe#re Cnpin ac I «'Take iene away. and put to flight 
Contemptœeque jenç et ee luoe c  e Cni,id's ar  torches We no 
Iinea, Diana, Vta, and the ne  were hot enoured 
cauoe they ever were idle. 
u h F blandifioe açpl.fis ad h UIn vn are  y 
Frustraneqtioe vens ad h lfl vain are ail your avee 
Fa detioe obsidebitie h, Delight& deoei prtie 
Ft h iHecebroe,  proitatc lghs, k and 
Et lri& et oul& et si, And whate'er le donc by ar 
Et qui me a oerda tum To be a lover' 
ndh eba at venen" 
Tis in v  oet upon those that are b. 'Th Eavanarol's td 
Y beL lib. . E 6. g i, Iib.   alnd de b. c Hb. 9. 
or Athenam dl &c. b lbo Gg. u b. 8. Uxoroe ioet be  Miaulera 
fllinm dere abhoik lonioe ore eap potal i & epahenl Et. b. cap. 
d Idem, ca. 21. Gubeato $i A¢lt$ amore pta eitem proK • Idm p. 
$ Ot. narum fi  h Buc HendeyL 



Mem. 5. Subs. 1.] Cure of Love-feIact [y. 585 
Ocpazi n mtdt et mn neçotlis, and Avicenns precept, cap.  .  Cedi 
ar «s;  «e, tut . To be busy stfll, and,  k Gtdanerius eujois, 
about matters of eat moment,  it may be.  Iain adds, "cver to 
be idlv but ai the hors of 
 met ni I « For Ifthou dost hot ply thy boo 
• ce snte dlem m cure lamine, s non ] By candllht to study ent, 
luteud nimum tudiis, et reb honti Employ'd about ome hout hin 
vidia vel amore mer torquebere." En or love ah thee tormen'" 
No better physic than fo be always occupi, oerioly 
 n C in pat  tenu blt, [ «« F dot tbou  pr folk are oflen 
oec delica eligen pll dom ] And y plac $ molesed be " 
Medique $o lg aff¢tu tenet  » bc. ] 
Bwauoe poor pple rare oearsely, work hard, go wolward and ba. o 
lbe$ u« un paut pcat e. ç Guianeus thercfv presc-ibes 
 patient "to go with ir-cloth next  skin, to go bare-footed, and bar 
legd h cold weather, to wp hi now and then,  mo do, but above 
311  fist. Not with sweet we, mutton and portage,  many of those ten- 
tcr-bellics do, hooever theyput on Lenten face, and whatver they ptend, 
but from all manner of meat. Fasting h an all-suoEcit remedy of itsel? 
for,  Jon Pmte ho]ds, the bodi of such perso that fc liberally, 
and Hve at ese, "q a full of bad spots and dcvils, devih though; o 
better physic for such pai, than to ft." Hildesheim, sd. 2. to thi 
hunr, add" oftcn baths, much exercée and sweat," but hunr and 
]e prescrib f the test. And 't deed out Saous oracle, "This kind 
of del is hot ct out but by sting and prayer," wch mak the çthers 
so moderate h coendation ofsting. As "hunr," saith mbrose," 
a friend OE virnity, so h if an enemy  ltscivousness, but fus ovexoEhrows 
ctity, and fostereth a mner of provocaons." If thiue hoe be o 
lty, Hicrome oeseth thee  take away me of  provender; by this 
mns those Pau«, ilaries, Anthoni«.s, and famous anchorites, subdued the 
]usts of theesh; by this means Hila-ion "ruade bises,  he ed his own 
body, letve cking (so t ierome relat of him in his life), when the dev 
tepted him to any such foul ocnce." By tlis mea thos u Indi 
tains kept themselves oenfinent: they lay un the grod oever with skin 
 the red-shan do on heather, and eted themselves spagly on one dh, 
which Gtanerlus would bave all yog men put in pctice, and  tt will 
hot sexe, = Gordoni "would bave them undly whipd, or, to cool the 
comge kept in prn," and there fcd th bread and water t thcy acknow- 
ledge their error, and become of another mhd. If impronment and hunger 
will hot take them down, accordg  the dictions of that y Thcban Cratcs, 
"time must wear if out; if rime wi hot, the last rege is a halter." Bu 
thi you will say, is oecal]y spoken. Howsoever, ft& by oe 
must be stl us ; and  they must regain ?rom mch m fooEcrly men- 
tionS, which cause venery, or provoke lust, so they must use an opposite 
ffi Whe must be altogether avoided of the younger so. So  Plato prescris, 
and would bave the magistt theelv abstah om i L for exampls sake, 
i Ovld. ]i. 1. reme « Love yle] to blness; e employe and you'l] e afeY k Cap. 16. cir 
vu exer. 1 Part. 2.  . r. Sgn. His prêter horam sonl, nla per ofium set. m 
lib. 1. pist. 2. n Senec o ,, Fover bas hot the m«s of feeding h plon." P ct. 16. p. 
18. e nuda cae cilicium posent tempore fdo aine OEigls, et nudis pedib incedant, In pe 
]eJunen iu ne verrb d &c. q Doemonib referta t coora nostr illorum proecipuo 
i delica¢ia vesctur eduliis, advolitant, et corporibus inrent hanc oh rem jejuium impdio 
fur ad pucitiam, rVlus ait ateenuat, balnei frequens us et sutio cold ths, hot hot, na*h 
$1inus, part 3. ca. 23. to dire over he and  in a cold ver, & *Ser. de la fames arnica 
xlrgitati t, Inlmica lIviœe; sat veto fitatem per et nuit iebr, t Vita 
li. . epist.  tentet eum on tillatioe inter ter Ego qui el]e, ad  suum 
faelsm. &c. u Sabo, I. 15. Geog. sub peilib cuban £c. x Cp. 2. . 2. Si »It juvenl% et non 
vult obedir flel]etur equenter et foC[ter, dnm inc]piat foetere. Laei ]ib. 6. p. 5. 
edetur fa;  aliter, tcm; s non ho% lue g VoEa pt imo Vne &c. a 



86 Love-Jff dancoly. 
lighly commen«ng t Crhinns for teir 
'w  good ec,  c«,mmendable thg, o ha i were no donc for m 
inr resçec,  those old Eptian ahsned from we, beoEuse om 
Yabulous poe h given ou, we prang firs ri-oto the blood of he gns, or 
u f upeiion, ns out ode Tk hu for ternce, i heig ani 
t'i  vitmfo», a plae i ff ioderaly kem Women of old 
fr that oeuse, b hot countries, were forhid the e of it; as severely punished 
f,_,r dxnng of wine as for adultery; and yog fol,  onicus hath 
recorded, Var. h¢t. l. 3. cap. 87, 88. out of the and othe, and is s 
practed  Italy, and some other cotri of Euro and i  Claudius 
3linoes bath weH fllustmd   Coent on the 23. Emblem of ciat. 
 choioe  tobe ruade of other et. 
 Nec mlnus ec spm t tsre s]ace l  Eng are n-t gond fr to be tsken, 
Et qcquid veneri oera nostra ra" And  civious m mt  fork. » 
Those opposite mts which ought to be ed are cucumbem, melon, pulal,, 
water-, e, woodbine, am, lettuc, wch m so much oemmens, 
lib. 2. cap. 42. and hliId, ]$. . to th puose; tex, or ams tus 
before the test, wch, ith CMg, th a wondel ve  it. Tho 
Athen women,  theh- solemn fes OEed Thesmophe, were to abs 
ne days 'om the mny ofmen, during which rime, th fian, they IMd 
a certa herb, med hane in theoE beds, wch d those dent flam 
of ]ove, and d them from the rments of tt olent ion. See more 
in Por, hlattol, Croentius, l. 5. &c., and what eve herhat a]most 
and physici hath itte cap.  Sayr 
the test. In me ca aga, they be ranch dejected, and brought low 
by, d now ready to despair through anh, ieç and o nble a feel- 
ing of their e, a cup of e and f et  hot a, d  Vcus 
adeth, OEm aliâ  ve»em soep co, which n, et. . 
l. I. e. 24. approv out of Rhis (ad sidtnem c ina) and 
Ge seconds it, cap. 16. racf. 16.  a ve pxfitable remedy. 
"ement tibi quum iina, 
nci aut va prto esU tentime rmpi 
M non ego nu' c. 
fason ratens mhscbes to th oeunse] of tire poet,  îm at toit 
pr aut i$ œegi As it did the rang lust of ue, gui 
 ilniam ais lennoe  singf noc n p r- 
gi»avit. And to be unk o by fits ; but this h mad phic, ff it be at ail 
to be pemittoe. If hot, yet me pleure is  be owe  that wch 
Viv speaks of, lib. 3.  azim. "hA lov that th  it were lost e]f 
through impotency, patience, must be caHed home  a traveHer, by mic, 
fethg, good whe, ff need bo to dkne itse which many so ranch 
commend for tho g of the d, aH k of soEs d merents, to seo 
fa pictes, han, bings, pleut fields, ohar, garde, oves, 
pon&% pools, rivera, hhg, fowlg, hawg, ht to hr me hl 
and pleant oe, reag, to e exercise t he wt, tht new sph 
ay succeed, or by some vehement afftion or con pion 
till he  y wned f»om ger, picio , fm, &c., d habituated 
into othoe cote." »zp tm t ( 
lovc-sick toaster)  sm jlar t, cc s, dic 
b Non mines i num bIbimt c oe adnItenm dmI:en 
eap. 23. Mabflem m baba. d C mie iqua afio pe oeiro t uimum. Id. Lau- 
renti p. ll. • Hot. fCap. 29. de morb. reb. g Bodn »rat. de ore. h Amato] 
¢nju  pro impottla m amot op t uS paulafim animu velu à peratione domum revoce 
per music, oenvl &c. P cupi» fab  foe 



Mcm. 5. Subs. 1.] Cure of Love-Melancholy. 687 

Ideasant companlon te sing and tell merry tales, songs and facete histories, 
sweet discourse, &c. And as the mclody of music, met'riment, singing, dan- 
:ing, doth augmea the passion of seine lovers, as k Avicenna notes, se it expel- 
lcth it in others, and doth very much good. These thin must be warily 
applled, as the parties' symptms vary, and as they shaIl stad varously 
aflbcte,1. 
If there be any need of physic, that the humours be altered, or any new 
matter aggregated, they must be cured as melancholy men. Carolus à Lorme, 
amongst other questions discussed for his degree at Montpelier in France, bath 
this, ,4a arnantes et amentes iisdem rernediis curentur? Vhether lovers and 
madmen be cured by the same remedies? he aflïrms if; for love extended is 
mere madness. Such physic then as is prescribed, is either inward or outward, 
as hath been formerly handled in the precelent pmition in the cure of melan- 
eholy. Consult with ralleriola, observat, lib. 2. oserv. 7. Lod. Mercatus, lib. 2. 
vap. 4. de roulier, aect. Daniel Sennertus, lib. 1. part. 2. cap. 10. IJacobu§ 
Ferrandus the Frenchman, in his Tract de arnore Erotiçue, Forestus, lib. 10. 
observ. 29 and 30, Jason Pratensis and others for peculiar receipts, mAmatus 
Lucitanus cured a young Jew, that was almost mad for love, with the syrup of 
hellebore, and sueh other evacuations and purges which are usually prescribed 
te black choler: nAvicenna cSntlrms as much if need require, and « o blood- 
]etting above the test," which makes amŒEntes neMnt arnentes, loyers te corne te 
themselves, and keep in their r]ght minds. 'Tis the saine which Schola Saler- 
nit«na, Jason Pratensis, Hildesheim, &c., prescribe blood-letting te be used as 
a principal remedy. Those old Scythians had a trick te cttt ail appetite of 
burning lust, by Pletting themselves blood under the ears, and te make both 
men and women barren, as Sabellicus in his neades relates of them. Which 
almuth. Tir. 10. de tIerol, comment, in Panclrol. de net,. report, hlercm'ialis 
var. lec. lib. 3. cap. 7. out of Hippocrates and Benzo say still is in use amongst 
the Indians, a reason of which Langius gives Kb. 1. epist. 10. 
luc faciunt medicamenta venerem sopientia, ut camphora pudend[s all:qata, 
et in bracltd gestata (quidam ait) membrum flaccidutn reddit. Laboravit ho« 
•norbo virffo nobilis, cul inter ccetera prcescrlpsitmedicus, ut larninam plumbeam 
mdtis foramiuibus pertusam ad dies vi(Jinti porlaret in dorso ; ad exiccand«m 
v:ro sperma jussiteam qttam parcissime cibarl, e$ tnanducare frequenter corian- 
drum prcep«tratum, et se»e lactucee et acetosce, et sic eatn à mrbo liberavit. 
Ferre impediunt et remittunt coitum folia salicis trita et epota, et si£requentiu.s 
usurpentur ipsa in totum auïerunt. Idem proestat Topatius annule gestatus, 
dexterum lupi testiculum attritum, et oleo vel aqua rosatî, exlfibitum veneris 
toedium inducere scribit Alexandcr Benedictus: lac butyri commestum et 
semen canabis, et camphora exhibita idem proestant. Verbena herba gestat 
libidinem extinguJt, pulvisque ranoe decollatoe et exiccatoe. Ad extinguendum 
eoitum, ungantur membr genitalia, et renes et pecten aqua in qua opium 
Thebaicum sit dissolutum; libidini maxime contraria camphor est, et corian- 
drum aiccum frangit coitum, et erectionem virgoe impedit; idem efficit syna- 
pium ebibitum. Da verbenarn in potu et on erigetur virga sex diebus ; utere 
menthd siccd curn aceto, ertitalia illlnita succo hyoscgarni aut cicutw, coitûs 
etppetiOtm sedant, c. t. serMnis lactuc. Joortulac. corandri, etna 5j. rnenthce 
,wcw 1. sacchari alblss. ïtij. pugver-iscentur omnia subtiliter, et post ea simul 
misce aoEua enttpharis, f. confec, solida in rnorsulis. Ex his sumat mane 
unum quum surgat. Innumera fero lais 8ixailia petas ab Hildishemo loco 
proedicto, Mizaldo, Porta, coeterisclue, • 



$8 Lot-Md.a/mlwly. [Paxt. 3. Sec. 2. 

Sueser. II. lVit]stand the bestinninFs, avo4d occasions, cange lda plie : 
Jir andul means, co«tror9 pns, wit wdt invent : fo brin 9 i, 
anoli«G azd dcommend te Jormer. 
OTan good 1 d preoeps are enjolned by out physicians, wch,  hot 
Moue, yet oely oenjoined, may do m uch; the fi t of wch is stare prb- 
cipiJ, to wittaud the begning, q Ququis i,t primo obstiit, Pepuli'que 
amorem lutus ac v fuit, ho that will but rt at fit, may fly be 
conqueror at the last. Balthr Ctio, l. 4. urgeth t prcript above 
the rt, "rwhen ho shall chauoe (ith ke) to gkt un a womau tkat bath 
good behaviour joined with ber exoe]lent rson, aud 11 perceivo h eyc 
with a nd of eedin  pull uuto them this imago of buty, and 
t  tho heart: shMl observo hielf  be somewht inoed with this 
influonce, which moveth witll : when he shH doe those subflo spivits 
sprkling in her eyes, to administer more el to tho e, he must ly 
withstand the beinnin, roe up reon, stuped almost, forty s 
by aH mea, and shut up aH those pes, by wMch it my hve ontmnoe." 
'Tis a precept which aH oenc un, 
,, s Opprime dura nova sunt subiti m semin morb ] « y quiek disem wIst It fs frh to-day, 
Dura liceç  pmo lumme te pe" By ail mns crh, thy ft at st $p 
Wch cannot soEer be done, than  he cooE h ef and pzion 
some judicio iend t(qui tacit«s «rt maç uritur, the moro ho concls, 
the greter  his ) that by h good advioe my hppHy ee m on 
sudden; aud withoEl to avoid occio, or any emtanco that may 
va his sese, to remove the objoet by  m; for who  stand by a 
,, u Suilite obseero et mitte Istsne for 
Q misero mihi smtnti ebibit sguem.  
'T good theoeo to keep quite out of her company, which erom  much 
labours  PMa, to epotin; Chrys so much culcates in s. in 
&ern. Cypritt, and many other fathe of the church, Saeldes  his ninth 
clmpter, Jan Prtensis, Svaro[, &rnold% Vaerio, &c., a6 every 
physician that trLs of th ubjec ot only to avoid,  x Grego Tholo- 
sus eorLs, "sing, danoe, a spehes, kem, love-lette, nd the 
]ike," or  Castio, [ib. 4. to convere with them, he them speak, or sing, 
(toabius  «udire bcu» Mbttem, tho t beLr hear, 
YCrin, a ent hiss) "=those amblo ses, adrbM gré, 
sweet getm'es»" wch theh- presenco affor. 
« a Neu espl Hmeut tolitb molnneul% 
Et is papiHamm orMcui 
but a ta] naine, mentlo or oe#ttion of them, and of y other women, 
peo, circutnce, amous book or raie that may mr any osion 
of remembnce. Prosper adveth young men hot to re tho Canticl, 
aud me rts of nes t oer tim; but for such  m enamoured 
they forbid,  before, tho me mentioned, &c., especilly  sighg they 
m ot o much  corne nr, or lk upon 
Astere *ibi ue o couerre mcum.  
"G=e hot on a mid," ith Sid, "t away tho ey from a beu- 
t womn," c. 9. v. b. 7. 8. «t, oeufs, th Dard, or  thou 6ost 
q genet, r Cure In mullerem lnflde quœe tutu foret mom tt eoum hsbe et 
oclo$ een$it fomoe ad  ime cure sviditate qt r$ e ee, e. t ovid. de rem. 
lib. L t ne Silvi. u laut r. « llemoçe  throw ber uite out of doo she wo 
d=ank my love-iek ioo4.  z Tom. 2. li. 4. ¢tp. 10. Syt m. tre. Mir vit¢t t 
semo, et septa imp,di ll &e. I Lib. de Sinl. or. T admirsbiiem splendom 
tism, eintiB amtbll r g mavim«., &e. a LIp$1, hrt. I. lib. a. antiq, let. b 
de t. litu compsr, ep. 6. e Lcreti. "It i b*t to th t mble   fo of Iov 
at'»t om ig d toty vt the d m tho 



them as Ficlnus a«lv[th, le net thie eye be iate ad ibMi,, de no 
intend her mo than the res : for  dpropeius holds, ]ps« aliment ibi 
nazima poebe a, love as a snowball enlargeth itself by sight : bu as 
Hierome te etian, aut oealèr a, aut oequalè na, either see all 
able, or let all alone; make a leae with thine ey,  «Job did, and that  
the safes coue, le a alone, see none of the othing sooner revives, 
"or wxeth sore again,"  Petrrch holds, "than love doth by sigh." "As 
mp renews mbition ; the gh of goI, covetosness; a beautus ojec 
sets on tire this burning lust." t muhum sis iitat un im. Th« 
siht of drink make one dry, and the sight of meat creaseth appetite. 'Tis 
daugemus therefore  cee.  gyouag gentleman in merriment would needs 
put on his m[tmss's clothes, and wa abmad aloue, which some of ber suitors 
espying, sle him away for ber that he represeated. So much c sight 
entbrc. Especially ff he bave beeu formerly euamoud, the sight of h 
mtroEs strikes him to a new fit, and mal: him rave ny days after. 
«' I lnflrml caua pusllla noter, " A slckly man a little thing offcnd 
Ut ene exttctu cierem $i ulphe ranges, A b,'mstone doth s tire decayed renew, 
Viveç et ex miimo maximus ignis et : And make ig bl fresh, doth love'dead flamea 
Sic nii vitabis q.icquid renovabit orcm, lI that the former object it review." 
Flamms recrudet, quæ mode nla fit. * 
Or, as the poe compas it te embers in ashes, wch the 'ind Llows, kg 
sole à vezt, &c., a ca]d head (as the saying is)  on bken, d wood 
q&ckIy kindles, and when they bave been formerly wounded xvith sight, how 
cn they by seeivg but Le inflamed I ]sine&us acknowledgeth as much of 
] imse, when he had been long absent, and almost forgotten his mtr,"  at 
the first sight of hcr, as straw in a tire, I bnrned afresh, and more th ever 
I did before." "Chac w as much moved at the sight of her dear 
Theagin% after he had boen a eat stranger." nIertil in Aristoeneîus, 
swore she would never love Pamphilus agn, and did moderate ber psion, o 
l,mg  he w aent; but the next rime he came in pence, she could net 
contaln, e am» attrectari se sii, &c., she broke ber vow, and d pro- 
fusely embrace him. Hermotinus, a young man ( the said °author) is all 
out  unstaid, he hd forger his stre quite, and Ly his friends 'as wel[ 
weaned frein ber love; but oeeing ber by chance, açnovi vder vtiç 
«mmw, he ved amain, ]ll« tar emerç vuti lid« st« ce])i elucere, 
&c., she did appear as a blang sr, or an angel te  sight. And it is the 
common pion ofall love   overcome in this . For that cause belie 
Alexander dirning this inconvenienoe and danger that cornes by seeg, 
"P when he heard Daugs fe se much commended )r her beauty, wouhl 
scarce adroit ber  corne in his sight," foreknong beke that of Plutarch, 
i»'mosa» cldere peussMmm, how full of danger it is te see a proper 
woman, and though he w intemperate in other thin, yet  this perbè se 
9esse, he -ied himself bravely. And  when as Araspus, in Xenophon, 
had se much magnified that divine face of Panth te Cyru% "qby how much 
he was fairer than ordina, by  ranch he w the more unwilling te see ber." 
Scipio,. youn man of twenty-three yea of age, and the mot beautul of 
the omans, equal in pexn  that Gcian Charnu% or HomeFs h'e, at 
the siege of a city in Spain, whea   oble and most fait young gentleoma 



590 Zove-'lelanchobj. [Part. 3. Sec. 
,vas brought unto tdm, «iand he had heard she was betrothed te a lord, re- 
warded ber, and sent ber back te her sweethear." St. Austin, as BGregory 
repors of him, e cure sorore uide/n  putavi labilztndur, wou]d lao$ 
in the bouse wih his own siztr. X_eneeraez lay with Laiz of Corinh ail nigh, 
and would no oueh ber. Soerates, hough aH tho city of Athens 8upposed 
him te dote upon fair AleibiaAes, ye when he hd an opporunity tsolu» eur 
so/o o lie in he chamber wih, and was wooed by him besicles, as he aid 
Aleibiadez, n publiely eonfessed, forrar slrrevit e uperbè contem2oslt , ho seorn- 
fully rejeeed him- erareh, that had se rnagnJfied his Laura in everai poems, 
when by the pope' meens she was offered unie him, would no aeeep of ber., 
"xI is a good happiness te be free frein this passion of love, and great dis- 
ere[on il; argues in such a man hat he can o eontain himse]k; bu wheu hou 
at once in love, te moderate thyseIf (as he saith) i a singtùax point of wisdom. 
«Y/arn vltare plaffas In smorls ne Jaclalnnr l  To avold ench nets fs no sneh mastery, 
'on ira difficile est, qttm capture retlbns Jpsls [ But fa'en, ecape i. sll the victory." 
Ex|re, et validos Veneri perrumpere nodos" 
]3ut, foramueh as few men are free, so disereet forez% or that can contain 
themseIves, and moderate their paions, to eurb their senses as no o sec 
them, hot fo look lasciviou$ly, hot o eonfer with them, sueh/s the fury of 
hed-trong l.sion of rang lus, and their weaknefrox i «rdr à 
'it., as he terres i, ".ueh a fm-ious de'.re nature bath iuscribed, auch 
uupc]ble deligh ç." 
" Sc DJvoe 'enerls fur0r, 
/nssni ade ment|bus incnbst," 
'hieh neither tenon, eounse], Povery, pain, miery, àmdgery, art.s c/o/or, 
&e., ean deter hem from; we mu uoe ome speedy menus to corree and 
]»vevent ha, and all other/nconvenience», wh|eh corne by conference and he 
/ike. The best, readiest, surest way, and wh|ch all approve, is oci uaio, 
o send them several ways, hat hey may neither hear of, see, nor bave au 
opportuniy to send fo one anoher agi|n, or l;ve together, o cm »o, as 
any Gi]bertines. '/ong«/o à a-/d, 'ti Savanrols's fourth foie, and Gor- 
don|us' preeept, d/tahatu ad giz ç/ones, send him fo trvel. 'Ti 
that wh|eh most run upon, as so many hotmd. with fu]l ery, Poets, divines, 
philosophers, phyieians, /I, m p: Yalesius: "as  sick man 
mu»t be eured w[th change of air, Tu]ly, 4 'ucuL The best remedy i o ge 
thee gone, Jason Pratenis: change air and soi], Laurentiu. 
« Fnge littus amatum, j ,, c Ovld. ! procul, et |onga earpere l)erge vi. 
• "Jrg. Utile finie|mis abstinulsse loets.'b  aed fue tULtS erL." 
Tmve]ling i an antidote of love, 
"d,lsgnnm ier ad docta pro¢scl cogo 
Ut me longa gravi eolvat amore via." 
For thîs purpose, saith ePt'opertius, my parents sent me fo A[hens; tie and 
]atience wear away pain and grief, as tire goes ou for want of fuel. 
o¢ulia, «nimo t /rrocu[ ibi[ «mot. ut so as they arry o» long enough: a 
whole year çenophon precribes C'toa[u, riz enim intr« lwc tem]s ab 
amo'e »«na'//oter/a: some wil] hardly be weaned under. A II tlfi Helniu 
merrily inculcates in an epitle fo his fl'iend Primies; fir -ft, then arry, 
thirdly, change thy place, fourthly, think of a haiter. If change of place, con- 
tinuance of ime» absence,  no wear if ou wih thoe œercceden remedies, 
r LJvlus. cnm eam reg'u]o tm]dam desponsatam nd|vlsset, muneribus cnmulatam rem|sit.  Ep. 39. I/b. 
t Et en loqui poster que soli amore.s loqu] olen¢. u Platoni Convivio. • Heliodorus, lib. 4,. expertem esse 
amori beatitudo t; ai quum csptna sis, ad moderationem revocare an|mure prudentis ingularis. 
Y Lucretins, }. 4. zH.dn.%/ib, l. de amor. contemnend, aLoei mutatione tanquam non convalescens 
eurandus t. cap. | I. b « Fly the eherihed shore. If is adviable to withdrsw ri oto the ace near iL" 
¢ Amoram.., I. 2. "Depart, and take a long journey--safety is in flight only." d QuisquJs Palat, loca not 
ocen[; (hes writudinem sdimit, abentis delet. Ire licet procni hinc ps'Llue relinquere fine Ovid. 
• Lib. 3 eleg. 2,. f Lib. |. ocrt. memor. Tibi, O C,i[obulc, consttlo u| mtegrum annum absis, 
• l rozimçtm oet ol; esu_,-Lu. 2. t mvram t¢m)oris oppons. 3. et locum mu[¢. 4. tt d.o Laque.o 



it will hardly be rernoved: but the.e comraonly are o( (oree. Felix Plater, 
observ, lib. 1. had a baker to his patient, almost mad for the lofe of his mai, I, 
and desperate; by removing ber from him, he was in a short space eured. 
Isoeus, a philosopher of_A_s8yria, was a most dissolute liver in hi8 youth, loalhm 
lasciv&ns, in love with ail he me.; but after he betook himself, by hia fi'iend's 
adviee, to Iris study, and left women's compsny, ho waz 8o dmnged that h« 
cared no more for plays, nor feasts, nor masks, nor song, nor verses, fine 
clothes, nor no such love toys: he became a new man upon a sudden, tanquam 
si lOriores octdos anffssset (saith mine hauthor), as if he had lost his ibrmer 
eyea l%ter Godefl5dus, in the last chapter of his third book bath a story out 
of St.-A_mbrose, of a young man that meeting lais old love after that longahsence, 
on whom he had extremely doted, would scarce take notice of ber; she won- 
dered at if, that he should so lightly esteem her, called him again, I«nibat di«tis 
animnm, and told him who she was, Eyo sure, in9uit: -lt e9o non sure ego; 
but he replied," he mas hot the saine man :" proripuft sese tandem, as i-/aeas 
fled from Dido, hot vouchsafing ber any farther parley, loathing his folly and 
shamed of that whlch formerly he had donc. k2Von sure stultus ut antejam, 
IVe«ra, « 0 eoera, pu your tricks, and practi hereafter upon somebody else, 
you shall befool me no longer." Petrarch }mth such another tah of a young 
gltant, that loved a wench with one eye, and for that cause by his parents 
was sent to travel into far conntries "aier some years he returned, and meet- 
ing the maid for whose sake he wa sent abroad, asked ber how, and by what 
chance she lost ber eye no, said she,  bave lost noue, but you bave fimnd 
yours :" signifying thereby that ail loyers were blind as Fabius saith, ytmanlcs 
deformâjttdicare o ossunl, loyers cannot judge of beauty, nor scarce of 
anything else, as they will easily confess after they return unto themselves, by 
some dicontinuance or better advice» wonder at their own folly, madness, 
stupidity, blindness, be rnuch abashed» "and laugh at love, and call it au idle 
thiug, coudemu themselves that ever they should bo o bezotted or misled; 
and be heartily glad that they bave so happily escaped." 
If so be (which is seldom) tha hange of place wi]l hot effect this alteration, 
then other remedies are fo bo annexed, fair and foui means» as to persuade, 
promise» threaten, terrify, or to dîvert by sonae contrm T passion, rumour, tales, 
news, or some witty invention to alter his affection "by some greater sorrow 
to drive out the less," saith Gordouius, as that his bouse is on tire, his best 
ïriends dead, hiz money tole « m That he is ruade some great governor, or 
bath some honour, office, some ;r...eritance is befallen him." He shall be a 
knigbt, a baron : or by some false accusation, as they do such as bave the 
hiccup, to nmke them forger it. S. Hierome, h'b. 2. elgist. 16. to lusticus 
the mouk, bath an instance of a young man of Greece, that lived in a monas- 
tory in E-pt, "that by no labour, no continence, no persuasion, could be 
diverted, lut at last by this trick he was deli -ered. The abbot sets one of his 
conven to quarrel '-th him and with some scandalous reproach or other to 
defame him before conapany, and then fo corne and complain tiret, the witnesze 
were likewise .uborned for the plaintiff. The young man wept, and when all wero 
against him, the abbot cunningly took his par, lest he should be overcome with 
immoderate grief: but what need many words by this invention he was cured» 
and alienated from his pristine love-thoughl»juries, slanders, contempts, 
disgraces,slretœeque injurie formœe, "the însult of ber slighted beauty," 
are ve forcible means to withdraw men's affections, cant uraelid a'ect£ anatores 

h Pbiiostratus d vltÆ Sophlstmrnm. I Vir. 6. . k Buchu. ! Auuuncientur rade i ut 
m,,r trititm posait minoroe obfus, m Aut quod ait ftus nall aut habit horcm maun. 
n Adoics Groec erat la Epti coenobio qui nla opus maitu&ne, nuHa persuione flammam 
oerat scdare : onaerii r ac ae rvavit. Imperat cuidam è ciiN &c. Febat ill omne 
'tun t, et  oegitionib t ava. 



59"2 Love-9lelncoy. [Part. 3. Sec. 2. 

omare d«sfnunt, as °Lucian saitb, loyers reviled or neglected, eontemned or 
naisused, turn love to bate; Predeam.  2Von si me obsccrct, " I'll never love 
thee more." Eçone il/ara, quce '[Iura, quce me, quw on? So Zephyrus hated 
}/yacinthus because he scorned him, and prefeTed his co-rival Apollo (Pale- 
y,hwtusfab. Nar.), be will hot corne again though he be invited. Tell him but 
how he was scoffed at bebind his back ('ris the counsel of Avicenna), that 
love is false: and entertains another, rejects him, cares hot for hira, or that 
she is a fool, a nasty quean, a slut, a vixen, a scold, a devil, or, which Italians 
commonly do. that he or she bath some loathsome filthy disease, gout, stop,e, 
stangury, falling sickness, and that they are hereditary, hot to be avoided, he 
is subject to a consumption, bath the pox, that he bath three or tbur incurable 
tetters, issues; that she is bald, ber breath stinl% she is mad by in]aeritance, 
and so are all the kindred, a hare-braln with many oth,.r secret infirmities, 
vhich I will hot so much as naine, belonging to vomen. That he is a her- 
maI,hrodite , an eunuch, imperfect, impotent, a spendthl'ift, a gamester, a fool, 
a gull, a beggar, a whoremaster, far in debt, and hot able to maintain ber, a 
common drunkard, his mother was a witch, his thther hanged, that hehath a 
wolf in his bosom, a sore leg, he is a leper, bath some incurable diseuse, that 
he will surely boat ber, he cannot hold his water, that be cries out or walks in 
the night: will stab his bed-fellow, tell all his secret in his slecp, and that 
nobody dare lie with him, his bouse is haunted with spirits, with such tar- 
ful and tracal things, able to avert and terrlfy any m an or woman living, Gordo- 
nius, ca19. 20, part. 2. hunc in modo consulit; -Paretttr aliqua veula turlolsMmi 
aspectu, cure turlict viii abilu: et portet sulus .qremitm pannum menstrualem, 
et dicat qnod amica ua sit ebrioa, et quod m[nfjat in lecto, et quod es[ epileptica 
et impudica; et quod in corore uo 'utt excrecenti eno'mes, cure Jietore 
anhelltus, et aliæ enormitate, quibus vetuloe attt edoctæ : i zobt his lmrsuaderi , 
tebitb extrahat qpanum netstrualem, coram focie portando, eclamando» talLç 
est arnica tua ; et si ex hi on demiserit, non est ]omo, ed diabolt incarnatus. 
Idem fere, Avieenna, cap. 24, de cur Elishi, lib. 3, Fen. 1, ract. 
rent e immundas vetuloe, ex 9ulbus abominatlonem incurat, et re rordidas, 
et hoc aiduet. Idem Arculanus, cap. 16. in 9. _lhasis, &c. 
Withal as they do diseommend he old, for he beter effecing a more speedy 
1 teration, ]zey mu commend anoher paramour, a[lcram bdncere, set him or 
ber o be wooed, or woo some oher ha shall be fairer, of beer note, beter 
trtune; birth, parentage, much o be preferred, "SI»veies alium M te hic 
Jbstidi Aleis," by his means, whieh son Æratensis wisheb, 
ream of affection another way, "çuccesore noro truditur omttis am<rr;" or, 
as Yalesiu adviseh, by %ubdividing o diminish i, as a grea river cu into 
many channels rurm low a last " UItortor et ut paritìr bina habeati 
arnicas," &c. If' you suspeet o be taken, be sure, saith the poe, Vo bave wo 
isre.ses a once, or go from one Vo anoher: as he ha goes from a good 
tire in cold weather is loth Vo depart fom i, though in he nex room here be 
a better whieh will afresh him as much; there i.s as mueh differeme of £œec as 
lic ignis; or bring him vo some public shows, plays, meetings, 'here he may 
see variety, and he shall 1Lkely loathe hls firs choice: car T him bu te the 
new town, yea peradvenuxe o the new bouse, and as aris los OEnone's love 
by .eeing ]elen, and Creida forsook Troilus by conversing wih )iomede, 
he will dislike ]xis foaer misress, and leave ber quite behind bim, as 
lIï Aridne fas aslecp in the island of DJa, ose¢k ber fortune, tha was e 

o "I oto. 4. P Ter. q Hypatla Alexandrns quendam se adamant¢m prolatls mullebru I>annILS, et in 
eum conjectis ab amorls ineania liberavit. uidas et Eunapitm. r avanarola, reg.., s Vrg. Ecl. 3. 
" You will eSily final anolher if lhib A]exis disdains yoll." t Distribntio amoris fiat in Iqur 
ad plre amie.a animmn ai,plicct, u 0vid. « I recon,mend yo to ]aave two mstl-ce$." • ll'ginu 
sab. 43. 



B[e,n. 5. Subs. 2.] Cure of Zove-Me[anehobj. 93 
11 loving mistress. Y runc prmum Dorida vet ator coetpsg, as he 
said, Dol-la la but a dowdy te glas. As he thaç looks himself a gl forgera 
his physiognomy fothwith, his flatteng glas of love mill be diminished by 
remove; after a little absenoe if mfll be remitted, the next fait objec 
likely alter it. A young m in tLucian was pitifully in love, he came te the 
¢heatt by ehanoe, and by seeing other f:dr objeoEs the% nt sanitatent 
recig was fully reeoveid, "aand went mey home as ff he had ten 
dmm ofoblivon." A mense (saith an Apologer) waa bmught up la a chest, 
there fed th fragments of bread and chee, though thcre eould be no berger 
mt, till eoming foh at lasg, and feedg liberally of other variety of viands, 
lthed his former lire: momlise this fable by thysel£ lato, in  seven 
bk De Zegibus, bath a pxtty fiction of a eity under ground, « whieh by 
fittlo holes seine smaH sx of light OEme; the inhabitan thoughç there oeuld 
net be a better place, and at heir first, eoming abroad they might net endure 
¢hc light, œegerrimè sole»n ituerl; but ter they mere aecus$omcd a ttle te 
iç "they deplor their f¢llows' mise that lived der ound." A sflly 
loyer  in like stage, noue se fait  h mistre ai firsg, he eats for noue but 
her; yct aoEer a whe, when he bath eompad ber with othe, ho abhom ber 
naine, sight, and memory. "T generally grue; for  he observes, e riore»» 
flamnam novus ignis extdit; et ea ntult, tura, ut proesentes 
ament, one tir« drives out nnother; snd such is women's wkness, that they 
love commollly m tht is present. And so do many men ; as he oeesse 
he loved Amye, till he ssw FlorLt, and when he saw Cynth, forgat them 
both: but fair Plfis was ineompŒrnbly beyond them all, Cloris surpasæd ber, 
and yet when he espied Amalfis, she was his sole mistxs ; O divine 
ryllis: qn procera,  ad instar, qm gan«, quàm deeens, &c. 
lovely, how tall, how eomely she ws (saith Polemius) ti he w another, and 
then she w the sole subjee of his thought In conclusion, her he lov bt 
he saw lt. Tfiton, the se god, st loved Leueothoë, ti he OEme 
presenoe of 3filoene, she w the eommandress of s hrt, tfll he saw Galate$: 
bat ( gshe eomplains) he loved another eftsoons, snother, and another. 'Tis 
a tbg, whieh by Hierom's rert, hth been ually pxet£sed. "h 
posophe drive out one love with another,  they do$ peg, or pin with 
pire Whieh those ven Persin prinoes did to Ahuexs, that they might 
requite the desire of Queen Vhti with the love of others." Paan 
Eliac saith, that therefore one Cupid w painted to eontend with another, 
and  take the land om him, because one love drives ou another, 
,, i Alt«us vites btrahit alter a ; and Tully, 3. Nat. Deor. dputing with 
C. Cotm, makes mention of three several Cupida ail differing in offie Felix 
Plter, i the first book ofhis oentions, bots how he end a dowerin 
asfl, a patient of h, by this strtagem done, tht doted upon $ poor sean 
 mMd, when  friends, chdren, no pemuion eod serve to afieate 
md: they motioned him to other honest man's daughter in the to, vhom 
he lovoe, d ved with long afmr, abhorring the ve naine and sight ofthe 
first. ter the death of Lueretiu, Eualus would adt of no comfort, 
the Empemr Sismond mried m  a noble lady of hh oeurt, and 
sho spaoe he w eeŒEE 
Y Ponl. « Lib. de al a E [ho e hila«,  1 phanam bfivlonls bibl«$et 
b Mus  cisa nais,  v In quem  p uubterran modicum lucis bR. d Dcplorant 
eorum mifiam q aht¢rre tllh loci vim den  Tiu¢ fih.  f Asnet, epist. 4. 
g Cin. Dial. (a Mox ali pr m proet qm p oclo aK h Epis 
Hb. ri. 1 PP i [erem amooem novo, qui cla c]avo repeer quo4 et uero r 
pnclp peam fecer t Vtoe rem 4i¢m amot oemureu i OvioE "e 
exe the Influence of nolher." k Lubri vte ifidu, consolallones nou adis]t, donoe Cr 



9 Zove-Melanchol. "Part. 3. Sec. 

 there be divem ua of th bmng lt, or heroicl love,  there be 
my good remedi to  and help; mont which, good coul ud per- 
auion, which  should hve handled  the t place, ara of t moment, 
and no tobe omitd, hIany are of opinion, tha  th blind htrong 
sion cooel OEn do no good. 
• . 1 Qoe em r m se neque ]nm nne mod  "1 thl, bath nelth den. or an end, 
Hsb, o eam o regere non pores'" [ How shod ce or oeuet if end ï' 
" mQu enim d«s oe ara.ri " But, without question, good cou,ci 
and adce must needs be of t iorce, esciaBy if it sh prod from 
 fitherly, revemnt, dhcreet peo a man of authority, whom the parties 
do respect, and  awe of, or om ajudicious frien of itself alone it h able 
to vert d suoEce. Gooui% the physico, attbuWs so ranch toit, that 
he would bave it by all means d i the tiret place. Atur ab il con- 
s@ viri çu tit, osndo r« sli, jidum inrui, 9a& Para. 
di. He would bave some discreet men m uade them, after the fu of 
psion is a httle spent, or by absence allayed; for it h  tempestive st tiret 
to ve cote  to comfort parents when their childmn are in that tant 
depaed; to no puose to prescfibe ncotioe, corals, nectarin, potions, 
omer's nepenthes, or Helen's bowl, &c. on cabit poetus tund¢ she will 
lent d howl for a son : let pion bave  cour a whfl and then ho 
may proceed, by forhong the serableevents and dangemwhich wiB surely 
happen, the pai of hell, joys of Parad, and the hke, which by their prepos- 
te»o coues they shafifloffeit or incur; and 'th a fit method, a ve gobd 
nmans, for what =neoE said of oe, I say of love, Sine mistro disdtur, 
•  gtro desur, 'tis leaedofitoeff, but haroey le without a tutor. 
'Th hot a therefom fo bave me such over, to expostula and show 
them such absditi, inconvenienoes, impeoEeio, dcontents, as usuaBy 
follow; which their blindn, fury, maess, OEnnot apply unto themselves, or 
ll hot apprehend thmugh wcakness; and good for them to disclose them- 
selves, to give car to friendly admonition. "TeB roc, sweetheart (saith Try- 
phena to a lovsick amid h PLucian), what is it that troubl thee 
pedventure I can e thy md, and fthoe thee in thy st;" and 
without questio she ght, and so mayt thon, ff the patient be OEpable of 
good counoe d wfll hear at le,et what may be said. 
If he love at ail, she is either  honest woman or a whore. If 
let h read or  fo him that 5. of Solomon's Proverb Ecclus. 26. 
Ambro l@. 1. cap. 4.  s boek of Abel d C, Philo Judoeus  
. Pth, di. in Am, pen, and thooe tee books of Pet. 
Hmd  c. ib, n Syl' ta Epistle, which he o to 
his end icho of Warthge, wh/ch he OElh OEm OEzi am, &c. 
"qFor wt's a who,"  he th, "but a poler of youth, rru of men, 
dtctio a devoer of patrimonoe a dooEall of hono, fodder for tho 
de the  of dth, and supplement of belli" Tal a»wr t 
anis, &c., a bitr honey, sweet poiso delioE dtruction, a volt T mis- 
chief, mum nu stquinium. And  tPe Aretine's Lucret 
ITer m g. L . "'For what llmit h wve?" n Lib. de bL t. p. I ono 
mu mus, Io.g duene ded]ud L Petch ep@L b.  8. P TooE • 
mer Fo etz Ip  amom tum nonil nler q d m mc si œuvetutis 
exl,Uat, ro rap]na oeu n; paimo devorat hono pies, pabum dli, 
mor m pplem ? rnmem ho rbeuL s Conmpe ldit  
«im vi n b m oelle, doe venenum, peIcl de mum sntu,ç 
I Pod dt 1 g  vJ. surbi 1 la OE  e na sunt qto 
pmp, meretroE pf«on flt. Supbm major qum openoE r vis q lins v¢ner 



em. 5. Subs. 3.] Çr oeLoveJfenclo[. 95 

notable quean, cont'esseth: "Gluttony, anger, en, prlde, sacrilege, thef, 
slaughter, were al| boru that day that a whore began ber profession ; for," as 
she fu|lows it. "her pride is greater than a ch chmTs, she  more envious 
than the pox, as oElicious  melancholy,  covetous  hell. If from the 
beginning of the world any were , por, ma., bad  tho surlativo 
deee, 'ta whore; how many bave I undone, cauoed to  wounded, sn! 
O Anton, thou sst u what I ara without, but withiu. d nows, a pufldlo 
of iniquity, a sin of sin, a pocy quean." Let him now that  dotes medi- 
tare on this; let him e the event d sucoe of others, Samson, Hercules, 
olofernes, &c. Tho finite mischief attend it : if she 
wffe he loves, 'ris abomi,able  the ght of God and men ; adulte  ex- 
l)rely forbldden in God comndmcnt, a moal si able to endgr h 
soul: ff he  such a one that fea God, or bave any religion, he will eschew 
if, and abhor the loathsomeness of his own f f he love an honest mai«l, 
'tis  abuse or mar her: ff to abus, 't foication, a foui fact (though 
some make light of R), and almost ua] fo tery itse. If to mar, let 
him riously consifler wt he takes  hand, loo belote ye leap,  the pro- 
verb , or settle  affections, and examine fit tho party, ad condition of 
h estate and he whether if be a fit m:tch for fox, unes, years, parentage 
and such other circumstanoes,  si suoe Vris. ether if be ely to 
procd : if hot, let h wisely stave mself offat the fit, ctwb in his inordi- 
nate psion, and moderate  di, by tg of some other subject, diver 
his cogitationa. Or ff it  hot for h g  ne, forewarned by [er- 
cui T  a dtam, left Dido's love, and in ail hte got him to 
.,x Mneste urgesmque vot frtemqueClothem, 
Cem aput ¢iti jubt" 
and although she d oppose th vows, tears, prayers, and imprecation, 
" nl file movetur 
et thy [er-rean re thee against all afiurements, seem del]ghts, 
pleg ward or outward provocations. Thou mayest do this 
avr  perç iam, nec fra sororem a çather dot no on his 
daughr, a brother on a ster; and why a it is uaturM, unla, 
fit. If he be sick]y, sot, deform, let hm thk of his deformtes, ces, 
infirti; if in dbt, let him mnate how to pay  dbts: if he be in any 
danger, let him sk to avoid if   he bave any law-it, or oher busess, he 
may do well to let his loe-mat alone d follow it, labo in  vocation 
whatever it is. But if he OEnnot so ee himoel yet let him wisely premed- 
 o both the estates; ffthey be unual  yrs, she young and he old, 
hat  unfit match must it needs be, an uneven yoke, how absd and in 
dnt a thing is it  Lycinus  Luclan told Tous, for  old balO 
croo-nos knave fo marry a yong wench; how odious a thing it 
old leer  What shold abald fellow do wth a comb, a dumb doter th a 
p, a bnd man with a loong-gls, and thou th such a wfe  Ho 
absd it is for a yong man fo ma an od e for a pieoe of good. But 
pu c she be equal in years, bih, fortunes, and other qaalitms co'pond- 
eut, he doth dese  be coupled in maage, which is an hooumble estat 
ut for what respec Her buty belike, d comeliness of rn, that 
eommonly the main object, e  a most absolu fore, 
]orma» Paphia eS Char$ $uere decoram but do other men affirm 
much or  it  er  hisjudent] 
Oppra ramone meutttur," 

• Qua31s extra sure vldes, qrtalis intra novit De x oeg. « He Is Mcth rgs, and e 
ve Cloth: and orde em ailently fo prepre the fl" • "He  moved by  tear he cannot be 
duc to hear ber wor" s To 2.  voU Cv cure  num ha um,  a Peom 



98 Lov«-Mdsnctwy. [P.rt. 3. Sec. 2. 
I won]à wih thee to respe, th  Senec, not ber rson bt qualities. 
" W you y that's • good bde which hth a lded scbbd, embroidexi 
with gold d jewel 1 o, but tht wch hath • good edge and po well 
td mel, able to rist." Th beauty  of the body alone, and what 
is that, but  bGgo anzen llh us, " a mk of time d sick- 
ness" or  Boethi, "cas mutable  a flower, and 't not nature so mak us, 
but most pa the fitty of the beholder." For k other, he oe no such 
atr: Dic mili  grs l tibi videur, " I pray thee te me ho 
thou est my sweethea,"  she ked ber ster  -toenetus, « dwom 
 so mtch adme, mhin he is the sweet gentleman, the ppest man, 
that ev«r I saw : But I ara in love, I oe« ( « f), d OEnnot 
herefore well judge." But  ne fr indeed, golden-haim  Anacreon his 
atlus (fo exane paicurs), she have eF[amm[os ocus col c- 
teo, a lmre sgtne oemplexion, ttle mouth, oeral ps, whi tth, sort and 
plump neck, body, hand% fee a ç and lovely to behold, composed of 
ace% elegancies, an ablute piece, 
«' f Lumina int Md Juonl dexa 
Mamflloe Vener, u: a marl doinoe,"  
Le Cher head be fm Pme, paps out of AustEa, belly fi'om nce, ck 
from Brabant, hands out of Eugland, ft from Re, buttocks from Swier- 
land, let ber bave the Spash gait, the Venetian e, Italn oempment and 
endowments : 
• ' hCdlda de arde$t lumlna flamml [ F  Venerem eoel 
leileg puum depront ora borem ; 
Let ber  such a one throughout,  Luci deiphe  
Euphanor of old pad Ven, toenet deb Lais, another Helen, 
Chacle, Leucip, Lucreti Pandora; let ber bave a box ofbuty to 
hee still, such a one  Ven gve Phaon, when he OEaed ber over the 
fo; let ber u ail helps a d ture can yield; be e ber, 
whom thou wi]t, or 1 these  one ; a ttle sicess, a feve5 smaH-pox, 
wod, ar, loss of an eye, a 1, a violent psion, a dtemperature of 
heat or oelO, ma a in  inst, dfigures ail; c]d-beang, old e, that 
tynt rime wfil  Venus to Erys ; ragg rime, OEm, vah ber un 
sudden; ter she th been m-ried a a whe, d the b]k ox th 
trodden on ber toe, she wiU be so much altered, and wax out of favour, tho 
wilt not ow ber. One ows o fat, another t ln, ac., modt 
pretty pleasing eg, sweesing Sn, mincig merry oH, dty cg 
DoI, nt cy, joUy Job, ble eH, sg Kate, bouncg , with 
black ey ir Phillis, with fine white h, fiddug Fn taU Tib, slender 
ib, ac., 1 quickly 1o their ce, grow fulsome, stale, , beaU, dull, 
sour, and all at lt out of fhio Ubifl» [us ayuti«, 
blad sus, ac. Those f sparg eyoe w loek dull, ber 
w be pe, , cold, ugh, d blue, ber sn gge that  and nder 
superfici wfil be hard d bath, ber whole oempleon change  a moment, 
d  iatd writ to Kg John, 
 I ara hot now  when ou w'st me 
hat fvour on ls vanlshed and pt: 
hag r«»sy blush lgpt lu a IIIly v 
ow  with morph¢w overow ad 

a Epist. 76. gladium bonum dic non cul deauratus est bltlaena nec c va gemm 
oed c  ndum t aci et ucro mimen omne ptu b Pchrido coori 
tempo et morbi lubri oral   o mubtate fucior, nec a naa fo f d 
pecnfi infil d EpL 1 I. em ego depereo juven  pchem de ;  fo 
are pci de amie non cte Ju Lu B "Bright ey and enow-white n" flde 
Let my elita' .y  e Jo' r d e'a' ber br Venueç her 1 til'." 
Bebi  . h Petro car. " t b cyoe   bght  e 
the ro ber hair ah ore than gol ber honle I lips  ruby-colo; let r u  rn 
d suçcor to Veau, let h   ge  • delà," & 1. 



lIem. 5. Subs. 3.] Cure of Love-Melnltly. 599 

'Tis so in the rest, their beauty rudes as a tree in winter, which Dejaalra hath 

And as 
In t ke s stk defoed sh«*ws : 
O buty t  r d Jouey goe 
And de»rb d and !o, and me to noug, 
Ar'd ofol  t by c-bih bronght: 
 mother h r me of my gr 
 crk old age ng  ap" 

To conclude with Chrysostom, « l When thou seest a faix and beautiful person. 
a brave Bonaroba, a bella donna, quae salivam mavea$, lepidam puellam eS 
çuan tu facilè urnes, acomely woman, having bright eyes, a merry countenance, 
u shining lustre in her look, a pleasant gTace, wringing thy soul, and increasing 
thy coacupiscence; bethink with thyself that if is but earth thou lovest, 
a mers excrement, which so vexeth thee, that thou so admirest, and thy 
rang seul wi[I beat test. Take ber skin from ber face, and thou aha[t see 
ail loathsomeness under if, that beauty is a superficial skin and bones, nerves, 
sinews: suppose ber sick, now reviled, hoary-headed, hoilow-cheeked, old ; 
within ahe is full of filthy phlegm, stinking, putrid, excremental stuff: shot 
and snivel in ber nostrils, spittle in ber mouth, water in ber eyes, what filth in 
ber brains," &c. Or take ber at best, and look narrowly upon ber in the 
light, stand near ber, nearer yet, thou shalt perceive lmost as much, and love 
less, as m Cardan well writes, minus amant qui acut viderd, though Scallger 
deride him for if : if he ses her near, or look exactly st such a posture, who- 
soever he la, according fo the true rules of symmetry and proportion, those 
I men of Albertus Durer, Lomatius and Tasnier, examine him of ber. If he 
be elegansformarum spectator, he shall find many fanlts in pbysiognomy, and 
iii colour: if form, one side of the face likely bigger than the other, or crooked 
*,ose, bad eyes prominent veins, concavities about the eyes, wrinkles, pimples, 
red streaks, freckles, hairs, wart% neves, inequalities, roughness, seabredity, 
l)aieness, yellowness, and as many colours as are in a turkeycock's neck, mavy" 
indecorums in their other parts; est quod desideres, est quod amputes, one leers, 
another fi-owns, a thixd .gapes, aquints, &c. And 'ris tme that he saith, 
"'l)iligenter con.rklerantl raro facies absolula, et çuoe vhio curer, seldom shall 
you find an absolute tce without a fault, as I bave often observed; hot in the 
face aione is thiz àefect or dispropoion tobe round, but in ail the other 
parts, of body and mind; she is faix, indeed, but foolizh; pretty, comely, and 
decent, of a majestical presence, but, peradventure, imperious, dishonest, 
acerba, inirlua , selî-willed: she is rich, but deformed; bath a sweet face, but 
bad carriage, no bringing up, a fuie and wanton flixtj a neat bdy she bath, 
but it la a nasty quean otherwise, a very slut of a bad k5nd. As flowers in a 
garden bave colour soins, but no smell, others bave a fragrant smell, but are 
unseemly to the eye; one la unsavoury to the taste as rue, as bitter as worm- 
wood, and yet a most medicinal cordial flower, most acceptable to the stomach ; 
so are men and women ; one la well qualified, but of ill propo»tion, poor and 
base: a good eye ahe bath, but a bad hand and foot, fceda pedes etfoEda manus, 
a fine leg, bad teeth, a vast body, &c. Examine all parts of body and mind, 
I advise thee to inquire of all_ Ses ber angry, merry, laugh, weep, hot, cold, 
sick, sullen, dressed, uudressed in ail attires, sites, gestures, passions, eat ber 
meals, &c., and in some of these you will surely dislike. Yea, not her only 
let him observe, but ber parents how they OEr T themsêlves: for what 



602 Loe.Ielancol. [Part. 3. Sec. 
V'Li«h malle the devil llike, as most rpre hold, when he hoe ten 
away Job's goods, cp etftu ba, hIth, chdren, frien, to pe 
cu m the mo, lve his cked e,  Pheda proves out of Tertul, 
Cypfian, Atin, Cysostom, Prosper, Gaudenti, &e. ut  mt 
i 9enus viro ç, to vex and 11 him wo, m t ioE, than 
ail the fiens in he  owg the oentio of a bad woman. Jupiter 
tr hini pesti um, saith Simonid : "ttcr dwell with a 
dragon or a on, than kp ho with a wicked wife," Eoel. v. 18. 
"betr dweH n a wildeess," Prov. x 19. "no ckedns ke to ber," 
cl. v. 22. "She  a sorry h, an h conance, a woded 
ind, wk hds, and fble ee" ver. 25. "A woman d dth aoe two 
the bitterest t in the world ;" urmihi duc t ]wdoE id mis 
 dicte,  dum et pe« te. Ter. And. 1. 5. And yet for ail ts we 
bachelo dire  be ma ; th that vl vih, we long for it, 
c upt / r, id « du« t. "T the sweet tg in the world, 
I wodd I had a wffe, ith he, 
• 'For faln w0fl I lve a tlngle  
 1 fl get me a g 
eigh-ho for a husband, eri she, a bad hband, nay, the womt that ever w 
 betr than none: O blfd maage, O moet weloeme mage, and ppy 
are they that are so oeupled : we do eaestly sk it, and are never well t 
we have effect it. But th what rate  hke those bds  the kEmblem, 
that f about a ege,  long  ey eodd fly away at their ple 
well of it; but when they were ten d might not get loo,though they had 
the me mt, ped away for see, and wodd hot eat. So we eommcud 
matag 
" donee m  
Aspim domin; fl po heuJ   
«  long  we are woee, may s and oeil at out l,lse, nothing 
swoet, we are h hven  we th ; but when we are onoe tied, and bave 
loet o lirty, mae is an he" "ve me my yeBow hose a :" 
mouse h a trap lives  mey, we are  a purgato 8ome of , ff hot he 
itse. D llum it,  the proverb , 't fine talking of war, and 
mage swt h eonmphtion,  it  tried ; and then  w are mt 
dangero me, eve u at dth's door, so i &c. 'hen those 
Ih e, ith i Stanihut, were fsd by g Hen the Send (at 
what te he kept  Cltm at Dub) d h ted of  pee 
cheer, generous wh ty re, had seen s mm ph of silver, 
enamelk bet th jeweh, golden OEnoetic, goedly rieh ngs, brave 
fuite, hrd h trumts oeund, fifoe, m and his exquisi mic 
aH ; when they had obsexwed h majesti prenoe as he t h le 
ro, crowned,  s soeptre, &e.,  hh roy seat, the pr men were so 
amd, enoured, and en th the objet, that they were pi 
 tini tyrotarchi, w and ed of the o ty and mater 
of OEe. They wod aH be Englh fohwith; who but Engh ! but when 
they had now subt themlve and loet the former hbe, they beg 
 bel mme of them, othem repent of 'hat they d done, when it w too 
la 'T so th us bachelo, when we e and bold tho swoet 
th gaudy shows that women me, obsee thek plant gtur and 
c, ve f theoE syren t, e them doe, &c., we t thek eow 
ditiom a  fine  their ça, we ara hken with db sis, in ampln 
ruimus, we mv we bu, d wodd n be med. But when we t the 
! neoE k Ama. Emble 1  b H 1. . mGmm  gena 
lala db a  Concltaa bunam clgor t]b t,  



]IeL 5. Subs. 3.] Cure o .Love,-.,][danclwly. 603 
rn}series, cares, woes, that accompany if, we make out moan many of us, 
out at length and cannot be releasec[ If this be truc now, as some ot 
experience ill inibrm u, frewell wiving for my part, and as the comical l»Ot 
merrJly saith, 
• , n Perdstr file peime qui fcemlnam I ' o Foul fall hlm that bronght the second match to 
l)nXit ecil_udu& nain nihil primo impre¢or | [ The flrst 1 l-h no harrn, poor man, alai 
Iguarua ut puto  prmu fuite" He knew net what he did, uur hat iq wa&  
What shall I say to him that marries again and again, PStu/t.c mar/t.a[ 
porrigit, ora capis«ro, I pity him not, for the first time he must do as he may, 
bear it sometimes by the head and shoulders, and let his next neighbour 
ride, or else run away, or as that Syracusian in a tempest, when ail ponderous 
things were to be exonerated out of the ship, quic mazcmum podus er«t., fling 
lais wife into the sea But this I confess is comically spoken, qand so I pray 
yu take it. In sober sadness,  marriage is a bondage, a thraldom, a yoke, 
a hindnce to ail good enterprises (" he ]aath married a wiîe. and canm,t 
corne"), a stop to all preferments, a rock on which many ax saved, many im- 
pinge and at cast away: hOt that the thing is evil in itself or troublesome, 
but full of contentment and happlness, one of the three thins which pleso 
God, " when a man and his vife agree together," an honourable and hapI, y 
estate, who knows it not  If they be sober, wise, honest as the Ioet infet» 
u t Si camaos nanci:antur amorea, [ ' If fitly match'd be Inan and wife, 
lullum ii abet wlupttis genre" 1o pleare'a wautig to their lire.  
But to undiscreet sensual persons, that as brutes are wholly led by sense, 
a feïfl plague, many times a hell itelf, and tan give lttle or no content, 
being that they are often so irregular and prodigious in their ]usts, so divere 
in thêir affections. Uxor nomen dgnit.is on roluplat.is, as Uhe said, a wife 
is a naine of honour, not of pleasure : she is fit to bear the oflïce, govern a 
tmi]y, to bring up chfldren, sit at a board's end and carve, as some carnal men 
thik aud say; they had rather go to the stews, or bave now and then a snatch 
as they can corne by it, borrow of their neighbotu, thau bave wlves of their 
own; except they may, as some princes and great me, do, keep as any cour- 
tezans as they will themselves, fly out intptmè, X_Per, wlere uzores alienas, that 
polygamy of Turks, Lex Julia, with Coesar once enforced in Roe (though 
I.evinus Torrcntius and others suspect it), ut.; oeares ot et. uas e//en 
that every great man might marry, and keep as many wives as he would, or 
Irish divorcement were in use : ïbut as it is, 'tis hard and gives not that satis- 
faction to these carnal men, beastly en as too many are : 'hat sti]l the 
came, to be tied,  to onej be she never so faix; never so virtuous, is a thing they 
xnay hot endure, to love one long. Say thy lleasure, and counteffeit as thou 
• vi]t, as a Parmeno told Thais, zVecue t.u uwJ cris content.c, "one man vill never 
]lease thee ;" nor one voman many men. But 8s blan rellied to ]xis father 
Iercury, when he asked whether lac 'as rnaied, _A'equaquaTn pcter, arnŒEtor 
edm sure, &c. "1o, father, no, I ara a ]over still, and cannot be contented 
v;ith one voman.'* lythias, Echo, Menades, and I kuow hot how many 
besicles, were his mistresses, he might not abide marriage. Varieas delecta, 
• tis loathsome and tedious» what one still  vhich the satirizt id of Iberina, 
is verified in most, 
,, • Unus lberinœe vit euflicit  oeyus I]lud [ u "Tl no! one man wi]l erve ber by ber w'll, 
Extorquebi ut hoee oculo conWnta ait uno." | .As eoon he'll laave one eye as one man stilL  
As capable of any impression as nater/a lrima itself that still desires new 
»Eubulm Lu Crl]. Athena'u, dypoopb|st. 1. 13.  3. °Tranelated by my brother0 Ralpla 
Buon. P JuvenaL " V, ho tbrut» hts foolL«h ncck a econd rime mto the halter." q Hoec m 
tlectem dlcta cave ut credaa r Ba£helora always are the bravent mem Ba¢on Setk elernity in 
• -emory, iot LU posterily, like Epatinenda that, ln.-tead of children, lefe two great victorie hehind 
wbich he called hl two daughtera • Ecclu& xxviii. L t Etlripidea, Anclromach. u Elim Veru«. 
Imperator. Spar. vit. e)u x Bot. • Quoi! licet, iagratum eel. • tor better for wore, for ficher 
,orer, in ickneaa and in hea]th, & 'tic durue eermo Io a en«nal man. a Ter. act l. oE 2. EuntloE 
Lucn. tom. • aeque cure un& aliua zea habetu contentm furn e Juvenal. 



604 Love_'lelancho O. [Part. 3. Sec. 2. 
form., llke the ses their affections ebb and flow. IIusband is a cloak for seine 
te bide the vany ; on married she may fly out st ber plemm, the naine 
of hband la a sanctry te make ail good. Eo vtun (th Seneca) 
 vim habit, n ut irt adulterum. They are rJght and stmight, 
m true Trojans  mine host's daughter, that Spanish wench in d &riosto, 
good wives  Messa]in $Iany men o  constant in their choi, and 
good hbands m ero himself, they must bave their pleut of ail they e 
and at  a word far mot fice than any womam 
F, tr th be  of ealoy, 
Goo] en bave oen  wives, as bad a Xantiç w to Socrat, levora to 
St. , IabeEa to out Edward tho cond ; ami good wives are  oen 
matched fo iE-hands, Matrone fo Herod, rena to Diocieti Theodor 
to Theoçl, and Thyr to Gurmunde. ut  witt y nothg of Iute 
and bad hnsands, of bache]ors and the vic  teir 
Errer subect îor a jut vo]um too we] kow ah'eady n ee W e, town 
and clty, they need no bzon : and test I should mat any match, or 
loving ai, for th çtseut I wiE let them 
ing that men and women are so ieligio, deçraved by natur so wau- 
dering in their affections, so bruth, so nbeoE to dieement, so unvbrvant 
of mariage rites, what shai] I sy  If thou beest such 
on such a wif wht concovd can there be, wht hoçe oî agreement 
cojuffm but cjurgm,  the  d Fc n the "E]em, vee and 
elToite  natm'e : 'ris twenty to one thou wfit hot may to thy contentent : 
ut   alotte W foy bianks were ŒEwn oemm only for one pe, out of 
tudeyou sE hardlychoose a od one: a sm ee hence then, lift.le oemfort, 
"1 ec ing uam trgs loet e" ] tt If he or he  such 
Thon h:g mH better  one." 
f se be ban'en, he is not&c. f sue bave gcEe 
hot good, thouh tbou be wa and circumpec, thy chinée wi]l undo thoe, 
ficun domu tipro 9ravilir,* thon tnotbe able to bring thM 
up, " hnd what gréer misery cn there be than to beget children, to whom 
thou canst le,ve no other hettan but hunger and thst " icu> 
dontur, stridez voc rogantu pam, petrat atr c : what se 
gcievous as te t them up te the wide world, te s for themselves 
1,1ague e te want : and when thou hmt good m, and art very OEful of 
their education, they will net be leŒEE Think but of that old proverb, 
• i,« vlava, Iwroum filii no, eat meu's so Idom de well; 0 utlnam 
sut coes sem au$ o caren  "wod tt I had either reined 
single, or net had chfldren,  k Aust exclaims in Suetonius. Jacob had 
 R euben, Simeon, and Le; David an Ammon, an Abom, Adoah 
en so are oemmonly foo iomuch tt Spartian conclude¢ 
ope magnéto virorum oTtbnum d uti rdiquse ium : they had been 
much betr te bave boen cI 'T too oeon  the middle so%; thy 
sos a dmnkard, a gamesr, a sndthrift ; thy daughr a fool, a whore ; 
thy ants ly drones and thieves ; thy neighbo devfl they will make 
thee w of thy lire. " mIf thy wife be frowd, when she may net bave 
ber  thou t better be buried ave ; 8he w be se impatient, mng 
t, and romg e Juno  the ttsgedy, there's nothing but mpts, 
an uprom-."If she be so and fooh, thou we betr bave a block, 
d Ll  Cmmr. 82. co  fim«nId g ild make mlf«n mo ier. Bon. 
'" 8hewillslnk your wholetabhmeutbyher fecdity.., h Hnu Epist. P lmfiqua 
pro ro ad qu hfl ex hoerite t per eni[e d prær mem et ai 1Cha Fon- 
eoE k Li e«bi com I ble fuet  sine libee . m Lemn] 
 I. Si moro.  non in omnib o, o   b om eura m 
 tgmtae, &OE b. 2. ner. IOL eylv. nn. 



]Iem. 5. Subs. 3.] Cure o.fLove-fc[anc]wbj. 
will shamo theo and reveal thy secrets; if wise and lcaed, well qualified, 
there is as much danger on the other side, muller docta», dere 
«imum, saith Novisauus, sho will be too inolcnt ami pvish, 
am quà, te, Cnel-ia mater. Take heed; ifshe be a slut, thon wflt loatho 
ber; if proud, abc'Il beggar the "°she' spond thy patrlmony 
Arabia will hot seo to perihme her hair," saith Lucian;  çair and wanton, 
abc'l[ nmko theo  cornuto; if defi»rmed, sho will paint. "ç If ber face b 
filthy by nature, sho will mend it by m-t," ienis et adscitlti impouris, 
"which who can end,re " If she do hot paint, she will look so th}ç thou 
canst hot love ber, and that peradventuro wfll make thee dishont. Comos 
l. 12. ht. relates of Ctsimiru qtht ho was unchto beoEuso hh wo 
A]eida, the daughtcr of Henry, Landgravo of Hesse, was so dcformod. If sho 
be poor, she bings beggary with ber (saith evnus), mery and dcontent. 
If you y  mai it  eerta how she prove3, HOee forsan 
sali; algta toEi. r If young sho  kely wanton and untaught; if lusty, too 
lascivious; and if sho be rmt satisfied, you know where and when, 
]urçia, all is an uproar, and there  little quietness to be hadl ff  ol,l 
maid, 'tis a hazard she dies in chihlb; if a.rich widow, indus te i, m, 
thou dost halter thysel »ho will mo ail awŒy beforehand, to her other 
chil'en, &at dinam qu posait ]erre tonaten ? she wfll t theo 
stfl[ iu tho tth with her fit husbattd ; if  young widow, sho 
tble and immodest. If she be ch, well descended, bng a 'eat dowry, or 
be n9bly allied, thy wife's friends w eat theo out oi bouse and home, dves 
uimm oedibus nducit, sbo will be so pmud, so high-minded, so imperious. 
Fornih t mwj inrabi dite, "the's nothing so intolemble," 
thou shalt bo  tho toel of a gos-hawk, "uo will rido upon theo, domiaeer 
as sho t," wcar tho beches in ber oHghrchica[ government, nd beggar 
hee bides. Ur«s div s«rvutem oegunt (as Sena hi them, 
lib. 2. clam. 6.) Dotera accepi, inperu p&'di. They will haro sovereity, 
pro conj«ge »dnmn acsis, they w have attendance, they 11 do what 
they st. XIn takhg 3 dow T thou loæst thy libey, s Getrat, libertas exit, 
hazardest to estate. 
"m sunt arque alioe mul h manis d 
" wlth many such inconveences :" say tho best, she is a commandlng seant 
thou haut better have taken a good uwo mMd in ber smock. oe thea 
thcre  such hazard, if thou be wh« keep thyse as thou art, 't good to 
match, much better to bo free. 
" Y procreare iiberos 
Hcle verb be es, iŒE mtb est 
«  Art thou young ? then match hot yot ; if ohi, match hot at a." 
And thorefore, wlth that phflosopher, still mako answor fo thy fends 
impoe th fo may, ad/ iul¢pm» 't yet uasobl 
wfll 
Comider ithal how free, how happy, how secure, how heavly, in roepect, 
a sgl« man  aas ho d  tho comly, t ti quodrSwatun se 
a JuvenaL  1 would rather bave a Ventlan nch than the Comeli moher of 
 TO 4. Amore: omnem martti optiam pronde m abiam pillis redvIe P idem, et 
qis noe mcntis sustinere quet,  qSbi ancils quod xor ej defoior e r ,, Ferhav 
she wUl hot uit you. * s fl. nup. I. 9. nuoE 5. Div@ ducit temstatem, paupoe ram ; ducns 
a wife " u Si tta e lperio ntznu,que vlro eq[are eouabitur. Fetrarch. 
man nsh ber husban he fs ang dimpuden and fuoErepro Ecclu v. 22. cct ri 
ubere nc mc Y Futu Mil. Glor. acL Z. . I. 'OTo be s father 
frecm IzB me  gSt«,bæus, fer. 66. Alez. ab exan lib. 4. cap. 8. a Ïhey hl attend 
e mb In heaven» bccausc they were hot defil with wmen, Ac. ziv. 



606 Lore-.'IdanclwbJ. [Part. 3. Sec. 
»wat, ux''em u»n hoeui, and tha which ail my neighou admi 
applud me for, c.mn so gre s happiness, I never h  wife ; eonsidcr 
how conntedly, qfiefly, netly, plenifully, sweefly, snd how men-ily he lires 
he bath no man to ro for buç msel noue o ple, no charge, noue to 
cou,roi him,  tied fo no ridence, no cure o e, moEy go and corne, when, 
whither, live where he wfil, his o mster, and do what he list himl£ 
Consider the exce[lency of rgins, b Vi9 o cum uit, makge plen- 
i.&eth the earth, but dity Paradis; , EIeus, John Baptist, were 
bchelors: rnity h a pcio jeweÇ a fair garland, a never-fing flower; 
c for why w Daphne ttned to a green bay-tree, but to show that rgiuity 
is imm,,rl  
"d Ut flos  sept etus nltur hort [ Sc rgo dura lntta manet, dura cra su 
]oEnot po nullo cont ratro, I C Cn at,"  
Qum mct aur at 1, edut lmber, &c, I 
%*h'giMty  a fine pictm,   Bonzventure czlls it, a bls thing in itlf, 
and ffyou wiH beeve a Papt, meritorious. And although there be me incon- 
veniences, iromeness, solitatess, &c., incident to such peins, want of the 
comforts, quæ oeçro assa$ et r oeçrum, fomeum par, o9 nedm, 
& embracing, dalliance, ing, cong, &c., thooe rio motives d wanWn 
plcures a new-marfied wife mot rt enjoys; yet theyare but ys in respect, 
eaily to  endured, if coerd to thooe equent incumbrnoes of mmTiage 
Sotae my be otherwe avoided th mh, mic, od company, 
business, emploient ;  a word, fGau minus,  minus it; for their 
good night he shMl have od days. And methinks me t/me or other, 
amongst so many rich bachelo, a benefactor shotdd be found to bud a mon- 
tioel college for old, decayed, deformed, or discontent mM fo lire together 
in, that ve lost their fit love, or otherse misoeoeied, or e are ing 
owsoever to leoe a single fe. The rt I say are toys in rpect, and 
ciently rmpensed bythose numeble contentsand incomparzble prieges 
of r#nity. Think of these things, cooEer th Hves, and oensider t of ail 
the commodio prerogatives a bachelor bath, how weH he  esteeme how 
etHy welcome to oe h friends, qur ment obsei,  
observes, th what couneit cousies they wiH adore h, follow  pre- 
sent him th girl, mt n; "if nnot be believ (saith g&mmianu) 
th what humble seioe he shaH be wohippe" how loved and respect : 
« If he want childn (and bave m), he sha be often invlte atnded on 
by prince, and ve advocas to pied h ca for notg,"   lutarch 
aoE. Wt thou then be reveren, and had in estimation 
« I domin men et domini tex 
Lusefit n nec filia dulcior illa? 
Live a single man, ma hot, d thou shalt soon rceive ow to Hoere- 
dipetoe (tor so they were OEoE of old) wiH seek after thee, bfibe d flatter 
thee for thy favour, fo be thine he or executor: &nti anoE &tefi those 
famous pis  th kind,  Titt d k Seu have rrd, sh 
ot go yond them. Peripltomines, that good peona old mn, 
z, we detood this in Plaut: for whea Pleusides eo him 
b Nuioe rlent a r#nit Parad Hic. e Dphne in lau mper nte mor- 
loe docet glo#am ratm rib pudicitnt tibu& d Ca. r. nuptli. "  tho flower 
that ows I the sret Inclosu of the gard, unk  the floc pred by the plgr which 
 the brz refresh, the ht $trenhes, the tain mak ow:  is  r whilst unuche whilst 
dr fo ber v, but when ce $he foeit ber chtity," &oE c DieL ut. c. 2 pchermum 
um inflnifi p, gem et r$ spi,. f MaoE • Lib. 2. qua obo divei 
lantur hm e lir  Hune al ad m vint, pflnceps bc mu]atur, otor at 
painantur. LIb. de mo . 1 AnaL 11. ' If yon wh  be mr of your hou t no ttl 
On play in yo haK% nor y littlo daughter y mo dr, abaen c m& Pt d o 
mpao " k 60 de bcfl & 



lem. . Subs. 4.] ç,,.r« of Zoe-.rn«o. 607 
fo marry that he mght bave chdren of s o, he readily repllcd in t 
rt, 
"Quado ha mtos ¢cato quld opus mihl t * Whilst I bave kin. what 
s P ow ! lire well. and  1 wl. mo bv 
unc n vo  fon, arque anim, ut lube And when I dle. my go«» !'11 glve away 
M na m morte coatis m Inleaiant. TO them 
i pud me t. me cm'n vt quid . hat sit e. and send  prely oy 
eoE vell d uve who 
iml mittt muner ran  
is rpe thou shalt bave in like muer, ling ss he did,  single man- 
ut if thon mar onoe, I coitato in o  te ervumfoe, bethink thyself 
wt a alve if is, whst a hea burden thou sIt undertae, how hrd 
tsk thou a tied to, (for  eme hath it, 9ui 
# #e ligat,) and how continuate, what squalor attends it, wht irk- 
someue, what charges, for we and cIdreu a a perpetual bill of charges; 
besid  myriad of OEs, eries, aud trouLles; for  tht comical PIutus 
ely and tly id, he that wauts trouble, must get to be mer of a ship, 
or may a wife; and  another seco h we and childn have undone 
me; so many and such iufinite cumbrauces accompany this kiud of le. 
Fhermo,  intuit, &c., or  he id in the comedç m Duxi xorem 
çua OEi æ«« dl, ati ii, al s. Ail fts and invitations cee, 
no frieud  teem thee, and thou shalt be comlled to lment thy misery, 
and make thy mn with nBartholomœe Scheroeus, tht famous poet laureate, 
and pfessor of Hebrew  WittenLerg: I had finished this work long sce, 
but that iter alis dsrs  zt quoe o ili perte 
use his o woMs), amougst many meries whch almost Lroke my bk, 
# ob Xatipmm, a show fo my wife tormeut my md above mea- 
sm'e and beyond the st. So shalt thou be compelled to complaiu, d fo 
c out ai lt, with o Phoroneus the wyer, " How happy 
}d wauted  wife ç' If th which [ have id will 
Lemui Hb. 4. cap. 13, de occul. . i. E»pensoe de ctitt, . 6. 
cap. 8. oman  rinita, Pta   »wr. di,d. actics atæ amandi, 
BarLart  e , Asoe n polit, cap. 3. 
ium Nevau the laer, lva ut. almost in ery page. 
Sss£cz. IV.--P/«#, I« and Toet«[ Cure#. 
ERE peuasions and other remedies will hot tae place, many y to 
nla means, philte, amets, mc spelh, ligatures, crcte, chRr, 
which  a wound th the sper of Achie if so mde d caud, must so 
be cul. If ford Ly spelh and philte, th ParIsus, it mu be eased 
by cha, 3. [OE. 2. cap. 28. and byincttions. Ferneli T«tI#. ib, 
6. csp. 13. Skei, [OE. 4. oberv. . hath some exples of such 
bave beeu so maoElly OEused, and macally cul, and by wioehcraft 
ith Baptts Conchus, . 3. cap. 9.  . vert. Malins na cp. 6. 
Tis hot peitted to be doue,  coess ; yet oRen attempted: see more in 
iem, . 3. oep. 18.  proetlç.  ii# p« 
oe»Z 3. ect. 3. di9ut. çic. Crdan, Hb. 16. cci. 90. kons up mauy 
maetcal medicin, as to piss through  ring, &c. Maldus, ct. 3. 30, 
Baptist Pot, Jon Ptens, belius, . 87, Matthiolus, &c., prcbe 
I E Grœeco. m er. Adelph.  I heve m afe ; what mlse if h eil up°u me I s we 
$o, a h  followed." n Itinea in pImos iuoeone 
i xor dt, uilt mihi  mm«m felldtetem defui&L P Extln lit ex nnmentom 
RleficiIs neque im b esh n«u& rce st, q ex venefis amorc rvatl nt, ni  mult 



608 Lore-Melandwl.. [P,rt. . ec. o. 
Jart [dum gymnoopt,toe apud Postmtum, lib. 3. Sanguls 
ebit omm amo senm it : au»tam [arci Am'elii em, 
t awre capm, ila pit cotl oem leralam, ert Julins 
Capitoha. Eome of out trologers wfil effet as much by characteristioel 
t;s c spsos, &c. Oto" old ets and fantastil writ bave many 
t:tbulous oemedies for such  aoe love-sick,  that of Prote»fl«' tomb 
l'hilostt, in h diMogue between Phoe and Venir: Venitor, upott 
oion discoursing of the rare virtues of that shne, lling him that Pro- 
siLaç alt and tomb "qcures Mmost aH mater of dhees, comumpfio, 
dropsies, quaan-aes, sore eyes: d amongs the rt, such  are love-sick 
shall there be held." But the most mous  rLeuoEta Petra, that novned 
rock  Gre, of which Strabo wris, Gg. lib. 10. aot far from St. hIaur, 
s dth Sands, lib. I. from which k  any loyer flung him down hdlong. 
lin w iasmntly cured. Venus, afr the death of Adoais, "whea she could 
take no test fr love," "Cum va su eretflamma »dus, ce to 
temple of ApoHo to ow what she should do to be sed of ber pain: Apollo 
sent her to Leucata Petra, where she pripid heroelf, and w forthth 
id; and when she would needs kaow of him a n of it, he tdd her 
again, that he had oKea observed tJupir, when he w enamoed on Jun% 
tbither go to ee d wh himself, and afr him dive others. Cepl 
for tbe love of Protda, Dego,et' daughter, ld do here, that Lbian 
Sappho for Phaon, on whom she mrably doted. UCulin oestro pca 
stmmo proeceps it, hoping th to e helç and to be fi'eed of ber love 
«  Hic e Deucon Phoe en amore I ** Iiither ecalion came, whe Pyoeha's leve 
lersIt, et lœe cotre preit u  Toented him, and leapt clown to the s 
 mot rugit or,"&m And had O  at ail, but by aud by 
is love w gone and ç quite away.  
Ts mediclnc os. SoEliger spea o Asonum/nnt l. 18. 
t aciro. de 7. rdi nir. and other write. liny repos, that 
amont e Çyze, the is a weH consecroEd to Çupid, oî which if y loyer 
taste,  psion is mitigated: and Anthony ezMi, Ima. dn 
Cpd. saith, that ongst the ancienta there w Y» etl, "he toek 
burg torche, an extitguished them in the river; his atatue w fo  secn 
in the temple of Yenus eusina," of which Oid mak etio and saith 
"that ail love of old went thither on pilima, that would be 4d of theiv 
]oe-pangs." ausi,  Zhoclc, ws of a mple dedicated 
i spdunc» fo Yenus in the vat, at aupact in Achaia (now Lepanto) 
which your widows that wod bave cond hban, ruade their suppl[oEtio 
tothe godde ail mater of suits concerto loem were coenccd, and 
the ievanoes helped. ŒEhe me author, in Achaici tdls  much of thc 
river "nelus in reece; if any loer whed himoe in it, by a oecret vuc 
of that water (by rn of the extreme coldnoes bele) he w healed of 
lo's tormen, b  id ç soenatfit/ which  it be so, that 
water,  he holà,   «ro iosi, tter than any gold. Wherc one 
all these remediea wiH te çlaoe, I o o other but that ail loe must 
ake a hd d rel,  they did  c Aous, and ccify uid t 
nt their quest, or satisfy tir desir 
q «urat omn morb, phhise hyos et ulm mcro et çeb ana lar et amore 
pt mi atb eos dulceK r., e mo % vehoEent f expel- lov" • Cat]u 
t Qu Junonem depit Jupiter Imtenter, ibi  ]avar   Mcnander. « Scken by 
gad-fly of l,»v shed hdlog from the eit." z Ovi . 2 l. Y Apud antiquos amor th oBm 
fuit, is atds c  profluenm ineabat; hus s Vener Eleugnoe templo vibaturç quo 
c,,nfluebanK qi coe memoam depone oleban  Lib. fO. Vo el ncupant amatore 
de ¢aubt d p duoe muUer ut ibl tc a dea nupll poanh  Rodiflus, anL le. 
]lb. 16. p. 25, cl« It levus. Omni amore libeh b ene **e  avd remedy of love 



Mem. 5. Suba 5.] Cure e.f ,ov¢-MoencIvlyo 609 

ir Desire. 
Tz lt refuge nd suroet remedy, be put  prctice in the utmost plie, 
when no other mea H tke effe¢t,  fo let them go together, and enjoy one 
anoth: Fo$issi. turc $ uS os am suoE Four, saith Guianeriu 
cap. 15. trac£ 15. scpius himse]f fo t malady cannot invent a better 
remedy, quàm uS an$i c atnagum, d(Joa Prate) thaa thaç a loyer 
hve  desiro. 
" Et parttr tolo b[nl J ungantnr in nno, [ «' And let them bath 
Et pco demr eœe Lviuia nJux." And let a 
'Tis te spoei] cure, fo let tem ]eed i v yoe, for ]oe is a p]eu- 
I if te sest and the est cu,'t Savanro]a's ] recet, 
cipM illib[e remedy, the lt, sole, ad safest refuge. 
 "" Ju] sols pot nos extiner¢ flamm ] «' J]a alêne u quench my des]re, 
on nv, non gcl d te ne pa" Wlh neiher 
When you ve all doue, ith Aoenn, "thero is no speedier or saler coue, 
ta  join the paries together according to their desires sud hes, the 
custom d form of w ; and  we bave seen h quickly restorod to 
foer heult that w languhed away fo skin and bon; fer his des 
w mtisfie his dioeonnt ced, and we thought it strange 
therofore that  such css nute  to be obeyed." Areus, an old author, 
lib. 3. cap. 3. bath an instance of young man, iwhen no other mes could 
prevu, w so ey relieved. Wht remi then but to jo them 
man'ge  
« k Tunc  bia morMunculqu$ 
ueptim dare. utuo 
plez ce et t j ;  
« th y te ss d coI, lle nd look bbi into one nother's eyes." 
 their sires belote tem di«l, they may ten tte the1ves with 1oves 
pleutres, whic they bave so long wished and expecte 
«* Aue uno slm In ro qulen 
Conjto i ore 
t solos aat qete  una.  
Yes, ut  «0r, c o, this OEanot conveent[y be done, by oen of 
many nd sevel imçediments. Sometimes both ?ies te] are hot 
ae: ?sret tuto, mte, ins, wil] hot give consent: l, cus- 
toms» statuts, hder : ovey, superstition, fe and spicou : mny men 
dote o one womsn, t  u[: e o  mch o im, or tem, and 
in modty must nvt, OEot woe,  un]ng fo coes  willig to love: 
rd is the chvice ( if  in Eu?hue) when one  comlled eiter by 
to die t gef, or by sçkg to ]ive with shame." 
the fr Lady Elabeth, Edw te Fouh  dughG when he w 
enmored on e te Sevent, tat noble young prince, and ne lut 
king, whcn she broke foh  tht pioute sçoech, «  that  wero 
wohy of that cvmely ?nce] but my ter being de ] ant friends to 
motlo ch a mtter  at shaH I y  ] ara all oue, and dre hot ope 
my mind to any. Wht   a¢qt my moirer th 
What  me of the lords ? aucity wauts. O that I might but confit th 
him, perhaps in coume I ght let sp such a word tt might cover 
d p. 19. de mor. r • Ptie$ pomr re ama  fleri pvlt, fima  p.  In 9. Rha* 
fSi  ud, nu et po c  g Peoni CaoE h Cap. d iiihL Nou invitur ¢ur 
ni remen nneoni$ imer eo eudum modum pron,  leg et  vlmu  mem rtitu- 
tutu, q]am verat ad areftiom  evaut tra uam nM & 
qneu ex amo sbir  haum, uM pueoe se  r . k Jovi4 
onuu B b. L I pcele's h è L S. Bru'. Aadr 



ç l O Love-Mek»choly. [Part. 3. Sec. 2. 
nine inention " ow y modcst mai may th eonoer I ara a poor 
eant, what sall I o  I ara a fatherle cd, and want m, I ara 
blithe and buxom, young nd lusty» but I have never a sutor, 
et o s rogatum vm,   she d, A oempany of silly feo look fike 
that I shod woo them snd sp fit:  they wouldand nnot woo qu 
rimum «d surnom  behg merely psive they msy hot ke suit, with 
any such lets snd inconveenoes, which I know 
su ch a e  shg " Fortune my foe " 
$ome e so cous h this bel  those o1,1 omans, our ode Vene- 
th Dutch and Fnch, that  two pai dearly love, the one noble, tho 
other ioble, they may hot by ther ws match, though equal otherwise in 
years» fort, eduoEtom and a good affectom In Germany, except they 
n prove their gentiHty by three desoen, they o to match th them. 
 nobleman mt maria noblewom: a baron, a ron's daughter; a knight 
a kht's; a ntleman a ntleman's:  sla so their sla, do they 
deees and falies. If she be never  Ech, lr, weB qualified otherwi 
they w make hm foke ber. The Sniar abhor a widows; the T 
repute them old women»  pt fivend-twenty. But the are o sevoee 
law and strict ctoms» dn içu awri, we are all the sons oî Ada 
"t opposite to te, if ought hot fo  so. gan : he lov er most 
tently, e lov noç  d so è nra. « Pan loved Echo; Echo» tyrs; 
Satyrus» Lyda 
tum ipsi am osu 
 ey love and loate of aH , he loves ber, e has hm; and is loathed 
of him on vhom she do." Cuçid bath two rt one to for lov aH of 
gold, and that sharpPQd fit auratum ; another bhmt, of ld, 
and that fo der;fuçat c, at lud amorem» " thh dispels tt 
crs lo." This we see o o vered in o eommon exenca 
« OEorus drly loved that vrgn Callyhoe; but the more he lord ber, tho 
more she ted him. OEnone loved Pa» but he rejd ber : they a stiff 
of  sides»   bnty were therefore crd  undo, or  done. I We 
er aH attenance, a obsace, I my and 
,  mtress pity me, I snd myself, my t 
wh ber favour (as he complai,s  tho Ecloe), I lainent, sigh, wp, and 
make my moan to ber, " but she  hard  nt"cautis Is m- 
i  fa d hard  a mond» she 
um, or hear 
-" ft la vnt 
Wht sha I do  
" I wd h  a young  shod d 
Bu , he  I love hot yo" 
I Ove, I bribe, I send pnh, but they are fe x t t Cordon» 
 ua r . I protest, I swr, I 
« Y ue repent amor 
«« She neglects me for aH t, she dexdes me," conterons me, she has me, 
« PlHd flou e :" C, f, cu du uryde, sti chuflh, 
c  
Lu  Cn «. 19. aio Intr. mï. 
cE Gho Mo OvI&E M I.  e eo one 
tè ambat lho n, et qu emt Chéri amor veementiOr,  et pueliœe 
mm b eJ amore ienior. • V. 6  SErm, EgL 
fr my  she avo y praye d  fleH  my " 
 VOEg.  L- 



Mem. 5. Sub.. 5.] U,,'e ofove-Mdac£,ly. 611 

And ti mos true, many gentlewomen are se niee, they scorn all suitor, 
crueify their poor prmou, and t nobody good eaough for them, 
daty te ploie  Daphne heeH. 
" ultl $ tiere, t au t¢ut,  "Mny did w hoe, but he 'd them stilh 
N quLd Hymç quid amer, qld t unb[a e"  And d she wod net m T by het wifi." 
 we they wl +t my,  tey s+y t let (whe 
less), another while mot yet, when 't thir oy dire, they rave uu it. Site 
«iii marry ai las but net m: he  a pror matx deed, and well qualed, 
but he wants means: auother of ber suirs bath good mea, but he wants wit 
one  too o1 another too young, too deformed, she likes net his oeta-iage: a 
thd too Mosely given, he  rich, but ba rn: she will be a geutlewumau, a 
loey,  ber ster is,  ber mother is : she is a out  il  we brough 
up, hatk m good a portion, d she loo for as good a ma as Matilda or 
Dofinda: if net, e  resolved  ye te tarry, se ap are young maids te 
boggie ai every object, se soon won or lest with every to, se qcy diverS, 
se hard te be pied. In the meantime, qt tors amans  one suior piues 
away, lauishetk  Mve,  quot zqu, cogit I auother sig and griev» 
zhe car net : and whick atro objeced te 
"ec ma#« EuD'ati gemltn, iue mcve [ "I$ o more mov'd th tho  $1gh« and tear 
Qm çr¢c turb« flectitur ora  [ Ofh ehe$, tn 
Tu juve q non fooMor r in b ] Thou tm'st thc fMrt youth in ail or cty, 
fiperm et ano ce# amor« mo" I d m't hm al»t mad for love te 
ey take a pride  prk up themoelves,  make young men euamoured. 
catare vites a syerre catos, te dote on them, and te  mad ibr their 
sakes» 
*, o sed fllls illa m  "i ggardly thelr favou they 
aetibu aut voc u trba aiL  "l'hey We te be belov' yet eoern the ver.'" 
AB 8t and eexTioe h o ttle for them, presents too be 
am,t--e si.  At]ant they mt be oveun, or net won. 
ny young mon a  obti, and  ciou in their choioe,  tffrutti- 
caHy proud, iultg, doeeitL e-hed,  ,agble 
the other side; 
** d Mtl um Juvene m petie pueH I « Young men and msl d:d te hlm 
ed t  tenera mm ra 8ul,b a, I But i9 his youth,  plud,  coy w Ii 
  juven n peflere pu" Yog mou  maz e m ae" 
Echo wep and wooed him by ll m bove the test, ve e for pity, or 
pity me tbr love, but ho w obst]na, An a emorr q««m s tibi copi 
ostrg, "ho wo6 rther e thon g[ve co,nt." yche 
Cupid, 
,« • Foo tut  Pyche forera requlK ] "Fr Cupld, thy fait Pyche te thee 
t ot   de puerque pu;  A tovy « a fine young gaut ws ;" 
but ke rejected ber nevelhel. Thus y lovel de hold out  lynx, doting 
on themelves, tnd  the o liht, ti m toEe end they corne W Ùecorned 
and jecm  Stroza's GHna w, 
" Te Jurent, te  sen due  J "Both yog and old 
Quoe fue prooer pubc e pri" ït ou w a  joy d t " 
Di ere ho  joy tue love of uy. w 
They be  be oentemned theelves of othevs,  ho w of his show, and 
take up h s Fvor cura, or a old oerving-man t t, that might ve 
the@ choice of right good machos  the you; e tt genetus mare 
fYlutc, which would adroit of none but et ho, but when 
eut offd me sho clo, and he new w ee]fo deformed 

tOvd Met !. « Erot. lib. 2, bT. H. "Te cspt[vtte the me.a, but despLe them « ner. -.n-e * 
k  . .  d -M.,ot.  • i:'t'ac.natt tt, DI. da amm. I DiaL Ara 



[Part. 3. Sec. 

matches {o b matie. For I ara of Plate and =Bodine's mind, that tgmilies 
bave their bounds and pet-iods as well as kingdoms, beyond which for extent 
or continuance they shall net exceed, six or seven hundred years, as they there 
illustrate by a multitude of examples, and which Peucer and YMelaucthon 
approve, but in a perpetual tcnor (as we see by many pedigTees of knights, 
gentlemen, yeomen) continue as they began for many descents with little 
alteration. Howsoever let them, I say, give something te youth, to love; they 
must net think they can facy whom they appoint; =Amo enim non impera 
tar offectus libe i çuis alius e ces e¢cigens , this is a free passion, as l]iny 
said in a panegyrie of ]ris, and may net bo forced: Love crave liking, as the 
saying is, it reclê mutual affections, a correspondency: i«vito non datur neo 
au.fertur, i my net be learned, Ovid bimself canner teach us how te love, 
Solomoa describe, pelles paint, or Helen express it. They must net thereforo 
compel or intrude; quis enira (as Fabius urgeth) amare alieno anime pote.st ? 
bu consider withal the raiiee of enforced marriages; take pity tapon youth: 
and uch above he res as have daughter te bestow, shonld be very careful 
and providen te marry them in due rime. Syracides, cap. 7. ers. 25. ealh i 
• '  weighty marrer te perform, se te aarry a daughter o a man of undertand- 
iug in due time:" Virgin eni mpstivè locandœe, as bLemnius admonish- 
eth, [ib. 1. cap. 6. Virgins must be lrovided for in season, to lrevent many 
diseases, of which eRodericus à Catro de .mrb rnul=rum, hb. 2. cap. 3. and 
od. Mercatus, lib. 2. de rnulier, oec$, cap. 4, de nelanch. virglnum eS vdua- 
'um, have both largely discoursed. And therefore as well fo avoid these ferai 
maladies% 'tis good to get them husbands betimes, as to prevent some otber 
gross inconveniences, and for a thiug that I know beaides; ub nup$iarur, 
Semus eS oe$as adveneri$, as Chrysostom advîseth, let them hot defer it; they 
},erchance will marry themselves else, or do wore. ]flevisanus the lawyer do 
hot impose they may doit by right: for as he proves out of CmoEius, and some 
oher civilians, Sylvœe, nup. lb. 2. humer. 30. "dA maid lSt 25 year of 
,ge, against ber parents" co_ent may marry such aone as }s unwoaoEhy of, and 
iferior to ber, and ber father by lawmust becompelled to give ber acomleten 
dowry." Iistale me no in the meantime, or think that I do apologise hem 
for aay headstrong, umly, wauton flirts. I do alprove that of St. Ambrose 
(Commeat in Genesis xxiv. 5}), which he bath written touching Rebecca's 
spousals, "A womau hould give unto her parents the choice of her husbaud, 
• lest she be reputed fo be malapert and wautou, if she take upon her to make 
ber own choice; ffor she should rather seem to be desired by a man, than to 
,{eare a man herself." To these hard parents alone I retort that of Curtius 
(in the behalf of modester maids), that are too remiss and careless of their due 
time and riper years. For if they tarry longer, to say truth, they are past 
date, and nobody will respect them. A woman with us in Italy (saith 
g&retiue' Lucretia)24 years of age, «is old already, past the best, of no 
account." An old ïellow, as Lycistrata confesseth in hAristophanes, et /$ 
canu, cio uellam virgnem duca$ uxorem» and 'ris no news far an o]d ïellow 
to marry a young wench : but as he ïollows it, u//er brev/s occaso e, e 
hoc non apprehenderil, nem 2¢ ducer uxorem, expeclans veto $edeg ; who cares 
for an old maid she mav set, &c. A virgin, as the poet holds,/a/va e 
pedans louella vrRo , is li'ke a flower, a rose withered on a suddn. 
"i Qsm modb maseentem ruti]us conspexit Eous, « $he {hst was erst a maid aa fresh as May, 
liane r'di en sero velere vidit auu." I fs ]ow a o]d croo, time o tea]s away. ' 

lmprlmis nnKs danda occaa/o lapsus. |. lib. I. 54. de. vit. [nstit. e See more pro't. I. e, 
mem. . sub 4. d Fi]ta excedens num . pot «c tre n,ar e lnu« sit mtu  m 
et videfl k o quam i  «pe----- « Mer apud m 24.  vea  et p 
 Comoe Lyt.  Dire t¢r. A, edy. I 



Mern. 5. Subs. 5.] Cre of Zove .][dancholy. 615 
Let them take rime thon while they may, make advantage ofyouth, and as ho 
prescribes, 
' k Coll/ge vlrgo rosas data flo norus et no'a pubcs. I "Fait rnaid, go gather roses In the prlme 
Et me:flot esto oeurn ste propor&ro ttzum." Ad thmk ha us a dower ao goes on tf me.  
1et's ail love, dura res anniq snunt, while we are in the flower of yeaxs, 
fit for love matters, and while time serres : 
' ISole occldere et rldere posun#o  u m Snns that set msy r4e agslno 
obia eurn semel oceidlt brev lux, ] But If once we lose this light, 
lox est per9etub una dormlenda. '° 'Ti$ with us perpetuat ldght." 
F'ot evoc,bi[e empus, rime past cachot be recalled. 
exhortation, we are 11 commonly too forward : yet if there be 
ail be hot a it ho]d, as Diogene strck the fat,hot when the son swore 
because ho taught him no botter, if a maid or a young man miscarry, I think 
their parents oftentimes, /mardians, overseers, governors, neçz vos (saith 
IChrysostom) « supplicio immunesevadetia, d wn stim ad nut[s, &c., are in 
v. much fault, and a severely to be punihed as their ehildren, in provid]ng 
for them no sooner. 
ov for such as bave îree liberty to bestow themselves, I could wish that 
good counsel of the comical old mn were put in practice, 
•  o Opulentlores paflperlorum nf fliia |  That rlch mon would marry poor rnatdens sorne, 
lndotas ducan[ uxores domum : ] And that without doW]To and so bring them home 
t multb flet clvita concrdtor So wouloE much cnc«rd be in out city 
Et inwdi nos minore utemar, quam utlrnur, °° Less envy hould we bave, much more plty." 
f they would eare less for wealth, we should have much more content and 
quietnessin a commonwealth. ]eauty, good bringing up, methinks, is a sufl]cient 
pot'tion of itself, PDos es suc formez puellis, "ber beauty is a maiden's dower," 
and he doth well that will accept of such a xvife. Eubu[ides, in q Aristoeuetus. 
mtTied a poor man's child,fac@ on illoet«bll, of a merry coutenance, ad 
heavenly visage, in pity of ber etate, and that qxtickly. Acotius coming to 
DeIos, to cri£ce to Diana, fell in love with Cydippe, a noble lass, andwanting 
mean to get ber love, fluvg a golden apple into ber lai) , with this inscription 
uIn it, 
"Jm) tlbi ane per ytlca sacra Dianfe, [ ca I wenr byall the rites of Dlana, 
Me tthi, ventururn ¢«mitem, epcnmmue ttururn, °" | l'll corne and ho thy 
8ho conidered of if, ad upon 8ma]l inquiry oî bi8 pexon and etat, was 
married unto him. 
" leed fs the 
"/-h4t is io; long a doing.  
As the saying is; vhe the parties are suflciently ]no: to each other, wht 
needs such zerupulosiy, o many chumstances dt-,st thou know ber 
tion-, ber bringing up, l]]e ber person I let ber means be what they wi]|, take 
]aer without any more ado. rDido and Eneas were accidentally driven by a 
storm both into one cave, they ruade a match upon it ; Iassinissa was married 
to that fait captive Sophonisba, ]ing Syphax' wife, the s«tme day th:,t ho saw 
her rst, to prevent 8cipio LoeIius, lest they should determine otherwie of ber. 
If thou lovest the party, do a much : good education and beauty i a compc- 
tent dowTy, stand hot upon money. Fran olim a:«rei hoine (8»ith Theocri- 
tus) et adanzans çedam«bani, in the golden world mon did  (in the ign of 
Og belike, belote staggeg inus begn  domineer),  ail be te that 
is reported : and somo few now-a-days 1 do as much, here ad theoe one; 
't weH dne methinks, and aH happine eII them for o doing, tLeontius, 
a pIosopher of  thons, h  ir dughr OEHed.Athenaiz, 
lep  re (ith e author), of a comely cade.ge, ho gave ber no por- 
k ld Cnlu m ated by M. B. Johno n Hem. 5. - l.  cap. 4. !. o Flau 
P Ovi q Epi» 12. L . Eli n]ugcm pauperem, dota  ubik deamavi es 
eJ Inopl r VIrg. m s Fabi ctor: or lpse conjut pulo Kc. t Lip, 
beb Mayer. SelL t I.  l& 



618 Love ]rdancol/. [Part. 3. Sec. 
or find bimselfgrieved with such predictions, as Hier. Wolfius weH saith in 
his astrological g dialogue, n snFrœetan decre2a, they be but conjectures, 
the stars incline, but net enforce, 
**Sidera ¢orporibus prsot ¢oe|estl vostrs, 
Sunl; ea de viii ¢ondigg namque lute : 
Cogere ced neqneunt animum rstione fruentem. 
Qulppe Bub Imperio soliu IIe de! et." h 
wisdom, diligence, discretion, may mitigate if net quite alter such deerees, 
oruna ma d cujusque fijitu" nribu, i Qui ¢«uti, Fruclentes, voti compote.s, 
&c., let no man then be terrified or molested with .uch astrological aphorisme, or 
be much moved, eitherto vain hope or leur, frein uchpïedictions, but let every 
man follow his om free  in this cas and de as he sees cause. ]etter 
i indeed te marry thon burn, for their soul's helth, but for their present for- 
tunes, by ome other menus te pacify themselves, and divert the stream of this 
/iery torrent, te continue as they are, k rest stified, lugentes vir9iiaHsflore» 
ic aruisse, deploring their miery with that eunuch in Libaniu, since there 
no help or remedy, and with Jephtha's daughter te bewail their virginities. 
Of like nature is superstition, those rah vows of monk and friars, and 
as lire in religious orIers, but fr more tyrannical and much wote. Tature, 
youth, and h[s fm-ious passion forcib]y inclines, and rageth on the one side 
but their order and vow checks them on the othet:  Votoque sue s«a forma 
çepuflzat. What merit and indulgences they heap unto themselves by it, what 
commodities, ] knownot; but ] ara sure, fxom uch rasb vows, and in]auman 
manner of lire, proceed many inconvenienc% many dieases, many vices, ma- 
tupration, satyriasis, mpriapimu, melancholy, mdness, fornication, adultery, 
buggery, sodomy, thefto murder, and all manner of mi.chiefs : read but ]3ale's 
Catalogue of Sodomites, at the vi.itation of abbeys here in Englnd, Henry 
Steæhan. his Apol. for Heredvtus, that which U|ricus writes in one oï hi epi- 
tles, u,, that Pope Gregory when he -aw 6000 .kulls and bone ofinfant taken 
out of a fishpond neax a numery, thereupon retracted that decree tf l)riests ' 
marriage, which wa the OEuze ofuch a ]augher, wa much gr[eved at it, 
and purged himself by repentance." lead many .uch, and then ask what 
te be doue, isth/s vow te be broke or notl o, -ath Bel]aanine, cap. 
de JoacA. meHus es scora'i e2 u 9uan de voo coe.libav ad nu?tios 
letter bm or fly out, thon te break thy vow. And Coster in  Enchi'id. 
coeliba. «acerdotum, .[th it i absolutely gravius eccatu:;, "°a gTeater sin for 
a priest te marry., thon te keep a concubine at home." Gregory de Valence, 
eap. 6. de coeliba, mintains the saine, aa thoee Essel and LIontanit of old. 
]nsomuch th.t many votaries, out ofa small persuasion ofmerit and holiness in 
t]is kind, wilI sooner die thon mazTy, though it be te the sving of their lires. 
PAnno I419. Pius 2, Pope, James Y[o.s, nephew te the King of Porugal, 
and then elect Archbishop of Lisbon, being very sick at 'lorence, "qwhen 
lds physicians told him, that hia dhease was such, he muet either lie with a 
wench, marry, or die, cheerfully chose te die." ow they commended 
for it : but St. Paul teaheth otherwie, "]3etter marry thon burn" and 
St. ]7[ierome gravely delivers it, A llve su leçe C¢eam, o2ice Chrlsi, aliud 
nian., aliud 2aulus ogr prwcili , there's a difference betwixt God's 
orinances and raen's laws : and therefore Cyprian, Epist. 8 boldly denounccth» 
inpiuïn esi, adtde'un e., acri[etu e, 9uodcula ]tuwto f rore 
g Prflx. gen. Leovltl|. h ,' The stars in the Bkles presde over out person, for they are mode 
atter. Tht y cannot blod a ratiooal miod, for that i under the oentrel ofGo only." 1 Idem Wol/us, 
diaL k'«Thatia, makethebestofit, and ta#.ehialotasltfah." IOvid. l.b{et. "TheirbeantTis 
lnconaiatent -ith theIr vow." m Mercurialia de Priapimo. n Memorabile quod UIrlcu epiato|a re[c, t 
Gregorlum qnum ex llina qoadam s]iat plu qnam vex raille Infantnm capita vdset, IndemniSe 
lecretn .m. de coelib&tu totam ¢.dl c,ttlsam eollfett, ¢Ando iltld poenItent[oe fruetu ptrge. Kemnish.$ 
ex enc,l. rldenl. part.  de coelib&tu sacerdotum. OSl nubt, qum si demi concubloam al,,, 
PAphonsus Cicaouius, hb. de gest. pootiflcum, q Cure medlcl Buaderent ut.ut naberet *u 
sic mort¢m vil*xt po*se, mortem potine intrepIdus expeets it,  



Merm 5. Subs. 5.] Cure ofLove, MdacJy. 619 

t dispositio divans o/etur, if is abominable, impious, adulteu% and suori- 
legious, what men make and ordain after their own furies to cross God's laws. 
 Georgius Wicelius, one of their own arch divines (Ispect. eccles. ag. 18) 
exclaims against it, and ail such rash monastical vows, and would bave such 
persons seriously fo considcr what they do, whom they adroit, Cze in posteru» 
quor¢ntur de inanbus stupr, lest they repent it st last. For either, as ho 
tbllows it, you toast allow them concubines or surfer them o marry, for scarce 
shall you find threo priests of three thousand, qui per oetatem  sortent, that 
are hot troubled with burning lust. W-heroforo I conclude, i is an unnatural 
and impious thing to bar men of this Christian liberty, too severe and inhu- 
man a cdict. 

]3ut man aDne. a|a Ihe hrcl stonc 
FuR ctell by kinds ordinance 
Covtrain¢d i. and bi/satules bouvd 
A »d debarreci frorn al :h pazance: 
Wha! mean¢th ths, ha! i Ihi pretene* 
Qf iaws, • i, against ail right of k iode, 
Wi?wul a camç so narrmo mon fo 

[any hymen repine st/Il at priests' marrlages above the rest, and hot at 
clergymen only, but of all the meaner sort and condition, theywould have none 
marry but such as are rich and able to maintain wives, because their pariah 
belike shall be pestered with orphans, and the world full of iœeggax : but 
u these are hard-hemted, unnatural, monsters of men, shallow politicians, they 
do hot Xconsider that a great pa of the world is hot yet inhabited as it ought, 
how many colonies into America, Terra Australis incognita, Africa, may be 
sent1 Let them consult with Sir William Alexander's Book of Colonies, 
Orphens Junior's Golden Fleece, Captain Whitburne, Mr. Hagthorpe, &c. and 
they shall surelybe otherwise informe& Those politic Romanswere of another 
mind, theythoughttheircityand countrycould never betoo populous. Adrian 
the emperor said he had rather bave men than money, fnale se horninum 
adjectione amph'are imperiun, quam pecun¢î. Augustus Coesar ruade an 
oration in lome ad cve/ibes, to persuade them to marry; some countries com- 
pelled them to marry of old, as zJews, Turks. Indians, Chinese, amongst the 
rest in these dayh who much wonder at out discipline to surfer so many idle 
l,ersous fo live in monasteries, and ofteu marvel how they can live honest. 
 In the isle of aragnan, the goveraor and petty king there ,lid wonder at 
the Frenchmen, and admire how so many ri-Jars, and the test of their company 
eould live without wive, they thoaght it a thing impossible, and would hot 
believe it. If these men should but survey out multitudes of religious bouses, 
observe out numbers o! monasteries all over Europe, 18 nunneries in Padua, 
in Venice 4 cloisters of monks, 28 of ntms, &e. e «ue/eonem, 'ris to thla 
proportion, in ull other provinces and cities, what wonld they think, do they 
live honest ? Let them dissemble as they will, I ara ofTertullian's mind, that 
few tan continue but by compu]sion. "hO chastity (saith he) thou urt a rare 
goddess/n the world, hot so easily got, seldom continuate: thou mayest now 
and thon ho cmpelled, either for defect of natre, or ff discipline peruado, 
decrees enforco :" or for some such by-respects, sullenness, discontent, they 
bave lost their first loves, may hot bave whom they will themselves, want of 
means, rash vows, &c. ]3ut can ho willingly conta/n  I thlnk hot. There- 
fore, either out of commiseration of human imbecility,/n policy, or fo prevent 

• LrpiL oe. SV|de v]tsm ns elt. 16,  D. T. Jes. tLIda,  aucer' ow of Cu 
m 'T noE mtlde but idn whi uth begga, g  to t them awork, and bng  up  
e hont tr • on. Clu lib. ri6. Su& Buxtohi s Chude Alve  hJs hleL 
of the Frenchmen to the le of Ma, . 161 . b Bars qutdem des tu  0 ebfl   i 
ec ae veffoe rut   unquam  oh natoe foetm. velai ipa çg 



620 Low-Mdnchoy. lart. 3. Sec. 2. 

zt far worse inconvenience, fur they hold some of them as necessary as meat 
and drink, and because vgour of youth, the state and retaper of most nen's 
bodies do so furiously desire it, they have heretofore in some nations libera]]y 
admitted çolygamy and stews, a hundred thouand courtezans in Grand Cairo 
in Egypt, as ladzivihL observes, are tolerated, besides boys: how many at 
Fez, lome, Naples, Florence, renice, &c., and sti]l in many other provinces 
and cities of Europe they do as much, because they thinl young men, church- 
nen, and servants amongst the rest, can hardly live honet. The consideration 
of this belike ruade ribiL, the Spaniard, when his £riend dCrassus, that rich 
loman gallant, lay hid in the cave, u volupa um oea, i« de»ida 
/tcre, to gratify him the more, send two elnsty lasses to accompany him all 
that while he was there imprisoned. nd Surenus, the larthian genera], 
hen he waTed against the Pomans, to carry about with him 200 concubines, 
as the Swiss soldiers do now common]y their wives. But, because this come 
i hot generally approved, but rather ¢ntradicted as unlawful and abhorred, 
fin most countries they do much encourage them to marrige, give great 
rewards to such as bave many children, and mulct those that will hot marry, 
Ju um loE«ro,rum, and in Agellius, lib. 2. cep. 15. Flian. l/b. 6. cap 
ralerius, lib. 1. cap. 9. g,Ve read that three children freed the father flore 
painful offices, and rive from ail.contribution. " woman shall be saved by 
bearing children." Epictetus would bave all marry, and as Plato will, 6 
legius , he that marrieth hot before 35 years of his age, mnst be compelled 
and punished, and the money consecrated to Juno's temple, or applied to 
public nses. They account him, in some countries, unfortunate that des with- 
out a wit, a most unhappy man, as kBoetiL infers, and if at all happy, yet 
oEortun/ojé[/x, unhappy in his supposed happiness. They common]y deplore 
his estate, and much lainent him ibr it. : O, my sweet son, &c. See Lucian, 
de Iuctu, and fol. 83, &c. 
Ye notwithstanding, many with us are of the opposite prt, they are 
ried themselves, and for others, let them burn, tire and flame, they care hot, so 
they be nottroub]ed with them. Some are too curions, and some too covetons, 
they may marry when they will both for abilityand means, but so nice, that 
except as Theophi]ns the emperor wa presented, by his mother Euprosune, 
vith a]l the rarest beauties of the empire in the great chamber of his palace 
at once, and bid to give a golden app]e to ber he liked best. If they migh' 
sotaoEe and choose whom they list out of all the fair maids their nation aflbrds» 
they could happily condescend to marry: otherwise, &c., why should a man 
marry, saith another epicurean tout, what's matrimony but a matter of money 
why should free nature be e,trenched on, confined or obliged, to this or that 
nan or woman, with these manacles of body and goods? &c. There are those 
toothat dearly love, admire and follow women all their lives long, 
ewloes, never well but in their company, wstly gazing on their beauties, 
observing close, hanging aier them dallying still with them, and yet dare hot, 
• _]1 not marry. ]Iany poor people, and of the meaner sort, are too ditrnstful 
of God's providence, "they vll hot, date hot for such worldly respects," far 
of want, woes, miseries» or that they shall ]ight, as " Lemnins saith, on a 
scold, a sut, or a bad wfe." And therefore, m Juvbm 
dera colun, they are resolved to lire single, as  Epaminondas did, "°V/ a/ 

• Peregrn. HlerosoL d Plutarch. vlta eus, adolesceutla, medlo constitutu, • AncIllas doas egres 
forma et oetatiflore, fA]ex, ab Alex. 1.4. c. 8. STresfilfi patrem ab excublis, quinque ab omnibus 
oflicli llberabant, h Prcepto primo, cogatur nubere sut mulctetur et pecunia templo J unonls ded|eet.tr 
et publics fiat. i ConsoL S. pros. . k lic. Bill. EptoE phllos. 1 Qui se capitro natrionli alligarl 
on patuntur, Lenn. lib. 4. 13. de ot||t, lift. Abhorrent multi i matrimonio, ne moroam, querul&mo 
acerbamo amaram uxorem preferre coantur, m Sene HipoL n C.lebs enirn vixert nec sd 
uxorem ducendam unquam induci lotult, eSene Hip. » Thcre is nothing better nothing preferablo 
to a ainle life." 



esse p,fius, radius il coeibe a," and ready with HippcUt to abjre a women 
  n, iw, fio, ror, . ut, 
"u HIpll nei qu fu  bon 
Hippo n  
"a], por ppotus, thou knowest net what tou saest, 'ris othee, 
poHt, qme make doubt, «  Ho  dc«n, hether  holar 
hould m, if he be fa se wl bfing him bac frein s ammar te 
hem book, or el th ksing and daIance she wl hinder h studï; if 
foul with lding, he OEnnot well intend  both,  hilippus Eeroldus, thaç 
greaC ononian doctor, once wt, mediri $m aud« l.r«rum, oec., bu ho 
recanted at lt, and in  ln so with te conoeived word, he d  tho 
world nd ll women for#veuess. But you shl hve the s  he 
hoelf, in his Cmmentafies on the sixth of Apuleius. For  long rime 
c ei d. I could net abide mrrge, but   rambler, 
I too  snatch wheoe I could get it; naï more, I rail at mHage down- 
right, and  a public uto,  hen I did terpret hat 8 th te of Juvenl, 
out of lutah ad 8, I d p up all the dioEeries I eould 
women; but new reeant with 8teslchos, lDzodm e«o» e« ne eemer 
 ord m«*m, I approve of mtage, I ara gld I m ied mau, 
I ara hearçil glad I bave  e, o sweet a wife, se noble a e,  young, 
se ch  we, se loving  we, and I de sh d desire ail oth men te 
man; d pay holm, that as of old iart did by otensius, 
«ntia b us, Çalphu te niu, udentilla te puleius. hold the 
eaudle whilst theŒE husbands did mitate and wH, se theirs maï de them, 
and  taï der CmPa doth te me. Let other men be averse, r then 
ff at women, and ay wt theï cn te the contra, r M e 
eoE* , c., a single an g  appy man, ., but th  a to. 
dulc«, « , , çue  eAor ; the men « too ditfful 
and much te blase, te u uch peoehes, uprd uu«orum d,e 
crb  . "ey must net condemn oe for seine." &s thero 
anï bad, the be «onxe d wiv ;  seine ho cious, corne be uous. 
ead wha 8olomon bath said  thr praes, v. i. and eides, 
ç « 30, "Bless  the man that bath  viuous OEe, for the number of 
days sh  double.. & virtuous woman joiceth ber hubnd, and she 
fidfil the ea of his fe in pce. A goed wife is  go portion {and xvi. 
), an hp, a piar of rt,  lm qea, x   . fm*r 
« « em. nd 30, "e that bath no fe wandereth te and fro 
oung." Miut «troe *ç« roe, women a the sole, oyjoy, and 
"tA OEe   yog m's miettes,  midoee age' compaon,  old m's 
" Optima vl sseio e uxor benevo]   Isn's bt esslon is a lonç 
itJgns Jr et aveens lmm ej  t » ] he tempe er and tes  
• here  no joy, no eomfo, no sweetnes, no pleau  the world « 
of a good fe, 
"hm eum ebra demi conj fldne mlt 
Unsn dmt ' b 



622 Lo«-Mdc,ly. [Part. 3. Sec. 
saith out Latin romer, she is still the saine in sickness and in health, his eye 
hL hand, his bosom friind, hls partner at all rimes, his other self not fo b 
separated by any calamJty, but ready fo share ail sorrow, dsconeot, and as ths 
Indian women do, lire and die with him, nay more, fo die presently for him. 
Admetus, king of Thealy, when he lay upon hs death-bed» was told by 
Apollo's Oracle, that if ho could get any body.to die for him, he should lire 
longer yet, but when ail refused» hi parents e decr¢p, fiends aud foilowers 
forsook him, Alcestus» hi wif% though young, most willingly undertook it 
what more can be desred or expeced ? And although on the other side there 
be an infinite number of bad husbands (I shouldra downright against some of 
them), able fo dicourage any woman  yet there be some good ones again, and 
those most obsewant of nrriage rtes. An honest country feilow (as Fulgosus 
relates it) in the kingdom of INaples,  at plough by the sea-sidi, saw his wile 
carriid away by Maurtanian ph'ates, he mn after in ail ha.ste» up to the chiu 
first, and when he could wade no longer, swam, calling fo the governor ofthe 
ship fo deliverhis wife, or ifhemust nothave her restored, to let him follow as a 
prisoner, for he was resolved to be a galley--lave, his drudge, wiiling to endur 
any msery, so that he might but ejoy his dear wife. The Moors secing the 
man's constancy, and relatng thi wholi matter to their governors at Tuni», 
set them both iYee, and gave them an honest pension to maintan themselves 
during their lives. I could tell many storles fo thi effect; but put oese it 
prove otherwie, becan se marragç is troublesome,  holly therefore fo avoid it, 
is no argument  « « He that will avoid trouble must awd the worloE" (Euse- 
bius proepar. ]'««çd. . cp. .) Some trouble ther i in mariage I deny 
not, Eti grare it matrimo«ium, saith Erasmus, edulcatur tamen uti, &c., 
yet there be many things to * sweetn it, a pleasant wlfe, plaeen xor, pretty 
children, dulces çt[, delicioe.lb,rum iominum, the chiefdelight of the sons of 
men; Eccles. il. 8. &c. And howsoever though it were all troubles, 
publicxe causd devorandum, grave quid libe«ter subeundum, it must willingly 
be undergone for pubfic good's sake, 
 S Audlte (populus) hœec, inquit Susarion, l "Hear me, O my conntrymen, sa|th SnIron. 
14aloe sunt mulieres, veruntamen O populres, I 'omen are naught, yet no lffe without one. °" 
Hoc sine mlo domttm inhabitare non ItceL" 
 Ma[um et roulier, ed wecess«um »alum. They are necessary evi]s, and 
for our own ends we must make use of them fo bave issue,  Su/v/e V«u 
'estituit um«nm 9es, and to propaate the church. For fo what end 
man born ? why ]ives he, Lut fo increase the world  and how shail he do tba 
well, if he do hot marry  Matrimonim hum«o gene iznmorta]it«tem 
saith Tevisanus, matrimony makes us immorta], and, accotling fo k Tacitus, 
'tiz.rmsfmm imperii munimetum, the sole and chief prop of an empire. 
 ]ndiy ivit per quev non vivit et citer, " which Felopidas objected o 
minondas, he was an unworthy member of acommonwealth,that left hot a child 
after him to defend it, and as a Trismegstus fo his on Tatius, « bave no 
commerce with a single man f Holding belike that a bachelor could hot lire 
honest]y as he should, and with Georgius Vicelius, a great divine and holy 
nan, who of htte by twenty-six arguments commends marriage as a thing most 
necessary for ail kind of persons, most laudable and fit to be embraced: ami 
is persuaded withal, that no man tan Ilve and die religiously, as he ought, 
without a wife, persanes erMvem Tosse ege pie vivere, eqe bene 
OEtr« xrem, he is fa]se, an enemy fo the commonwea]th,/njurious fo himselî, 
,eC. mJu..ts.m.are .agrum coleret; .O.mn|s enhn mL,,eloe Irnmemorem conjuga]Is amor eum fe¢ers 
ne mgenn mlmratone, tanta hommts ckartae motus rex liberos  jus., &. d Qui vuit 
Cypride.dul¢e Mlmner. fExlnus. E Sselo. hMenttBd¢,r, ieiita. Jl}p. hic3 laum. l. 
• Hist. llb. • 1 Fa ,ngenlus. "He lires contemptibly by whom no other i, " m Irtmon. hb. 
cal,. 23, u Noli sot-iett¢m habere, &c. 



l'em. 5. Subs. 5.] Cure of I, ovJ[elanclwll]. 
destructive to the world, an apostste to nature, a rebel agalnst heaven and 
earth. Let our wilïul, obstinate, and st,rie bacholors runinate of this, "If we 
eould live without wives," as Marcellus Iqumidicus said in °Agellius, "ve 
would all want them; but because we cannot, let ail marry, and consult rather 
go the public good, than their own private pleasure or estate." If were au 
happy thing, as wise PEuripides bath it, ff we could buy children with goll 
and silver and be so provided, tiw mulivrun conrjressu, without womea's 
company; but that may not be: 
' qOrbus aceblt iuallldo turp «ltu, | "Earth, ar.  laud eftou would coue t uought 
Vanurn sine ullius clzssibtts stsbit rnara, I Thc world it.sel should bc to rui brotlght, i' 
Alesque coelo deet-tt e sytvis fera" 
ecessity therefore compels us fo marry. 
But wht do I trouble myselï to find rguments fo persuade fo, or commend 
marriage? behold a brief abstract of II that which I bave sa/d, and much 
more, succinctly, pithily, rthetica]ly, lersl]CUOUS.v, and elegantly delivered in 
twelve motions fo mitite the m/series of marriage, by rJacobus de Vorne, 
I. R es Y ha, bes qu tueatr et augea.--2. Yon es$  oEbes çuoe yuoerat. 
3. Se¢udœ 'es sun  ]'icaa du/llwlur.4. 4deree sunt? Consolat«r, 
adde, onus 1ardpa u tolvrab/ .ft.5. 1)omi es Y solhudiMs oedu», 
oet.5. Foras ? Discedenem vis proseqtur, «bsee desid¢rat, rede,- 
em  ecpt.7. Yi]dl jucundum absqu sociea : lulla socletas matrl- 
monlo ,avior.--8. Yinculum ¢mjgalis cIw'iis «d«maninum.9. Accres- 
et dul¢ aïnium turba, duplicaur numerus p«re»tum, fratrum, sororum, 
vpoum.10. Plchr« is prole parens.--11. ex Moss seriifeae maer- 
monii exevcau', ç««no ampliu eæIiba$um:--I 2.  atrŒE oear 
OEugit, « voluas yudem 
I. Hast thou means? thon hast none fo ]eep and increase it. °. 
none thon hast one to help fo get it.3. A.rt in prospcrity thine hapliness 
/s doub]ed.4. Art in adversity? she'll comfort, asaist, bear a part of thy 
burden fo mke it more tolerable.3. Art at home? she'll drive away melan- 
cho]y.6, fi_rt abroad  she looks after thee going ïrom home, wishes for the 
in thine absence, and joyful|y welcomes thy return.7. There's nothin$ 
de]ightsome without society, no society so sweet as mat, rimony.8. The banal 
of coj ugal love is adamantine.9. The ssveet company of kiusmen increaseth, 
the number of parents/s doubled, of brothers, sisters, nephews.10. Thon 
a ruade a ïather by  f'ir and happy issue.--ll. ]loses curseth the barrea- 
ness of mtrimony, how much more a single life12. If nature escape 
punishmeut, surely thy will shall hot avoid it. 
AIl th/s/s true, say you, and who knows if hot? but how easy a marrer 
fo answer these motives, and fo make n Aoej«roel[a cluite oplosite unto it 
To exercise myself ] will esay : 
I. Hast thon means? thon hast one fo spend it.2. Hast none! thy beg- 
gary/s increased.3. Art in prosperity ? thy happlness/s ended.4. Art 
adversity? like Job's w/fe she'll agavate thy misery, vex thy soul, make thy 
burden intolerable.5. Art ai home he'll scold thee out of doors.--6. 
brod? If thon be wise keep thee so, she'll perhaps graft horns in thine 
absence, scowl on thee coming home.7. othing gives more content than 
oliariness, no solitariness like this of  single life.8. The band of Inarrmge 
is adamantine, no hope of Ioosing if, thoa art undone,--9. Thy number in- 
creaseth, thon shalt be devoured by thy wife's friends.10. Thon art ruade a 
cornuto by an unchaste wife, and sha]t bring up other folks' children, instcad 
of thine own.l I. laul commends marr/age, yet he preîers a s/ngle I/fe.l :. 
]s mrriage honourb]e] What au immortel crowu belongs to virginlty? 
o Lib. I. cap. . Si, Inquit, Qulrttes, sie ore ee poevaus, orur.es carerevms  .ed quona-n sic est 
s'flui potius ptbllc quam voluptai cnsulendum. P Ieurn foret si liberoe auto eL rgcnto mcrc.zr/, 
• eae. lly. r Gen. ii. Adtoram a[mIc. :. 



62 Love-Blelancoly. [Part. 3. Sec. 2. 
So Siracides himself speaks as much as msy be for and agsinst women, so 
doth almost hilosopher sud con, 
every plead pro every poet thus srgues the 
case: (though whatPcsres tndgs horinur what they sayi) so can I conceiv« 
peradventure, and so cnst thou: when all is said, yet since some ho good. 
some bad, let's put it to the venture. I conclude therefore with Scnica, 
« cur Toro vduo ]a¢ ? 
Tritem ]uventam olve: nunc luxurap 
Effunde hbena optimo$ ttoe 
'fluere prohibe, 
"ny dost thou lle alone, let thy youth and best days to pass away" ]ffarry 
whilst thon mayest, donec vveni c«niies adent moros«,whilst thou art yet able, 
yet lusty, B Elig« cul dica.s, tu mihl soh p[«ces, make thy choice, and that freely 
forthwith, marre no delay, but tarte thy fortune as if flls. 'Tis true, 
" t camltos et qui inciderit 
In malam uxore felL qui in bonam.  
'Tis a hazard both ways I confess, to lve single or to marry, UVam et 
ducere, e wn durer« malum es¢, it may be bad, it may be good, as it is a cros 
and calamity on the oue side, so 'ris a sweet delht, an incomparable happi- 
ness, a blessed estate, a most unspeakable benefit, a sole content, on the other, 
'tis all in the proof. Be not then so wayward, so covetous, so ditrustful, so 
curious and nice, but let's all marry, mut.uosfov«rds a]lew; "Take me to 
thee, and thee to me," to-morrow is St. Valeutine's day, let's keep if holiday for 
Cupid's satre, for that great god Love's sake, for Hymen's ske, and celebrate 
x Venus' vigil with out ancestors for company together, singing as they did, 
"Cra amer qui nauquam amavit, quque amavtt, « Let those love now who never lov¢d before 
cr amer, nd thre who alwaye lored now loe the more; 
Ver novum, ver Jam canorn, ver natu$ orbis est, Sweet lve are born with every opening spring 
Vere concordut amores, vere nubunt aites, Birds from the tender bough theix 
Et nemus coma reolvit, &c- &. 
Crs8 amer. ' 
«. L emiu  . «. . . Godeîrid  A. . 3. ««. 1. 
  ro, &c.,ad [ doub hot bnt in the end he w 
rnt ih eroId, o pnnoe for ] forer îol]y, /nsoe peten- 
ti-&l dittie$, dee fo be reconci]ed fo the derby oî th ea od Love, o a 
plrme fo hîs shrîe, offer fo ] ine, scfioe upon h lr, 
w/l at lt fo ebrace are as the test: There w hot be foun 
]Oe, « 'o, hot in (;bat sever îr/y of o, o shall reïe o subit his 
ave beard, sd super]ou |ooks  the clppin oî  wîe. o dee îro 
] e]ows in th point." « or wht ore willy (as • arro holà) 
proper an see ] s f we,s set OEe, a lov OEe" OE the orld 
fford s beter sht, sweeter conten, s îe objetS, s more eos 
inee then th oî mre i the lait d best reîue, d cre oî heroiel 
love»  dob. are clered, snd /mpecment remved;  8y 
rms, but t eeorn to boh their deire they be happilyjo/ed, 
,Send Idm h e l Ih   e . 
If  paries be ple ask their bns, "th  mach. eFitur hodnthe 
spic, o Dosicle; hodanthe and Dosicl s go gether, CHtiphon 
« & "d h  wh  may y, " a my on p]"" t Enpld "Uappy tbe 
 who  met a b wff happy who fod t gd on" u E G V lib. T. oe ?. 
a, and hot m . a lly e."  Pi We b vem  Y D non te 
n e orb e fib. . n l&  emo  çea 8 f 
-. mL 9. I. or. q  oeem  b Cu. Cono 



and Leucip, Theagn and arlc]e, Poarchus bath his Argenls, Lys- 
der Cata (te mako up the mk), aYotiturq s  Iplds Iantl 
A nd rou in luit and in quiet 
and delays brought thematch bout, yet let them take th of  rtoenet 
(that se may) ior the coo: "tarer many troubl and oes, the mar- 
riages of [ove are more sweet and plnt." As we oemmoy oenclude a 
comedy with a g wedding, and shag of hand, lefs shut up o coue, 
and end all with an  tmium. 
Fdit u, God ve them joy together. 
ad 0 H I um factura, 'ris well dune, Ha 
re,   Dim» 'tis a happy conjunction, a foxua match, au 
even oeuple, 
« Arabe a[ml arabe prhn vbu arabe 
Floreten ann 
"they both exoel in gffts of by and mhd, are both equal in y, youth, 
gour, Mty, 8he  fait and lovely 
rin or Alcibie 
«. k lu ni lubet et brevl  « Then modily go @o ad toy, 
Libero da." d lets hvo ee y a boy." 
«  Go ve a sweet smell  inceuse, and bng foh owe  the lily : that 
we may y herfter» Scit Mtor tus est amphi pr. In th« 
mntime I 
# m Ire. a 0 luvene  non muura resta columb I « Centle youih& go o youreelv beflme 
Bracln non hedcr nequ¢ vcan osuia conoe."  Let net the dov ou your murmuring% 
And in the mo bette,  those o Lacedoemonian les saluted Helena and 
lenela, sging ai the window and shhg good success, de we at you: 

Salve O sponsa, salve felix, det vo'o|s Latons 
Fe[icem sobo[em, Venus des det oeqa[em amore 
]ter oe u¢u; Sa¢ durabi]es divifi, 
orm]re i pectora muCu orem 
Et ide I" 
Even all your liv long, 
 • Contingat rubis turum couroe 
Coicu i" 

« Gond morrow, toaster bridegroom, and rnlstres 
any falr lovely bees te you betide I ride 
Let Ven te you mutual love proc 
l et Satn ve you ch te endure. 
Long may you tleep in une auother's aoe 
lpg aweet d d ft h'om  

"l-nelove of turtle hap te you, 
And ravene' years stttt te reuw." 

Let the Muses siug, (as he said ;) the Graces dance, net st their weddings 
only, but ail their days long ; "se couple their hearts, that no irksomeness 
or anger ever befal them : let him never call ber other name than my joy, 
my light, or she call him otherwise than sweetheart. Te this happiness of 
theirs, let net old age any whit detract, but as their years, se let their mutual 
love and comfort increase." And when they depart this lire, 
a concordes quoniam vixere tut anos, | "Bec.anse they haro o sweetly llv'd tOgethcr s 
Auferat hors dues esdem, nec cojugis usquam I Let net une die a day before the othcr, 
Butasuoe videat, ue sit tumulandu ab fils." tte bury her, she him, with even rate, 
Oe heur thetr so let jotly aepaate." 
 Fortunati &robe el qid mes carmlna possunt, 
lu!la diea unqnam memori v exlmet oevo." q 
Arque hoec de amore dlxisse suflciat, sub cor'ectione, r quod ait ille, cujusçue 
radius sentientls. Pluïa qui volet de remediis amoris, ]egat Jasonem Prat. 
s«m, Arnodum, J[onaum, ,Savcmarom, Lcmglum, Valcum, Crmisonum, 
dOv|d, eEplst. 4.1.2. Jucundioresmn]toet uavlores]ong post molestas turbas amantium npti:e. 
f Dlim merninisse Jnvabit. g Quid ezpectatis, ltus fluut nuptie, the mi% guests, and alI the good cheer 
h within, h The cov¢luslen f Chaucer'e puera of rro||us and Creseid. i C&tullus. I Cataliu. 
J. Secundtta Sylvar. lib. Jarn virgo thal&rnn TM eubibit uude ne virgo redeat, marre, cura. I Eccitm. 
xzxlx. I. m Galet| Eplthal. n O uoctem quater et quater beatam.  Theocritna, idyL 18. I Erasm. 
EplthaL P. F-gidU. Nec maltent mdo eed duo chariairn& pectors indieselubtli rnutu benevnletm od 
corpulent, ut nihi| uquam eus incedere pcit lrœe vel toedii, llla perpetuo nlhil audiat ntsi. mes lux: file 
vicirn nihil Uisl, anime m! : arque huic jucundit&l ne eenectus detrahat, irno potiu &liQuid adangest. 
q" Happy both» if my verses have &ny cbarm& ner shall rime ever detract from the ¢nemorable examlde 0£ 
yuur hvoe." r Kurnmannus de l.neà amm. 



f Lore-3felandwly. [Part. 3. Sec. & 

A[exanrum Eneicum, aurentlum, Valerzm,  Poetis 2Vaeonem. b 
notratbu C[taucerum, &c., with whom I conclude. 

• For mit oeffs here and eer parf» 
l #pe hem aH und ecti, m, 
d ut  aH in pour d li 
o lr oe mie dimifluli 
Of m % Ih I ou beseech : 

SECT. III. ]IEMB. I. 
SUgEcT. I.--Jeaousy, its Equlvocations, «me, D»d¢i, , 
nds; OE P, Parts, Frn. In , Me: bore ge, 
as Civa;  afler,  in thls pce. 
Vseus de Tan,cap.  Ioenc. lian Montaltus, Fe 
Gefius, pu jealoy for a OEe of melancholy, othe for a symptom; 
be melancholy peons amont the ions and rturbatio of the 
d, are most obnoous  it. But methin for t latitude it th, and 
that prescrire above other orna sptom% it ought  be treated of 
a species apa, beg of so t and ement note, so fudo a po and 
almost of  t extent  love itse  t nedetto Varc holds, "no love 
thout a xture ofjealousy," çui n t,  a¢. For these es 
wfll ate, and trot of it by itse,  a tard-branch or nd of love melan- 
choly, which,  heroi love goeth commoy before maage, doth lly 
foHow, e, and cc  like , dese therefore to be rtified aHke, 
reqres  much e and indt, in settg out the æver us of it, prog- 
nosti and cur ch I bave more gly done, tt he that  or th 
boenjlous, may see his eor  in aglass he tt  not, maylea  detest» 
avoid it moe, and e othe that e anye affoeted th it. 
Jlousy  descd and defined  be " a oea suspicion which the 
loyer bath of the pay he chiefly loveth, lest he or she should be enamoured 
of other  or any ger de to enjoy me buty alone, to bave it proper 
to himoeonly: a fr or doubt, lest any foreier should picipate or sha 
th  in h love. Or (  SHger add) "a fr of losg ber favo 
whom he  eaestly affs." Cardan OElls it « a y 1 for love, and a d 
of en lt auy man shod bege ."  Ludodc Viv defin it 
the ve me wor&, or Httle exng  se 
ere be many other jealoi but properly so lled  ;  that of 
parents, tuto, ar over theoE cdren, 'ien whom they Io, or 
uch as are le  their warhip or protectio 
 Stor non reIt bac notre a oe 
ue o qp qui ve iert " 
As the old m  the comedy med out in a pon, and om a so]ici 
fear and re he d of h adopd son; « b not of buty, but lest they 
should , do s, or any way ctt, dgmoe ( Viv no) or 
endanger themsdv and us." e j w so soHcitous for  n Theoeus 
(when he went  fight with the omur), of  succès, lt he shod be 
foi]ed, d Pro  tim per in pç. We are st apt  sus 
the wot  such doubtf , m my wives  their hban&' anoe, 
s F[n  ok of ofl d Crsel& t In hls OraUon of Jeou, put out bv Ff 
 Beuede VchL x ercit. 3l 7. Cure mem ne ama rei exbem poba 
de tos t d i ne q s qu smam uatur. s 3 de AUim 
ot eve one ofthe lav that weut  mt him reed  night om the supper " b R. de Anim 
Œaumur zelotia de pnptUl libes chque curoe nostroe coucreti& non de form aed ne me 
•  ne nob bique pt om. ç flutar, d Sen  Herc. 



$[cm. 1. Subs. 1.] alous 9 of P,';nce. 62 

$)nd mohers in ¢helr childres, lest if absent tlaey slaould ho misled or sick, 
and are continually oxpeeting news frein them, how they de f.re, and what is 
beeome of thom, they canner endure te haro them long out of their sight : oh 
n»y sweet son, O my dear ehild, &c. Paul waz jealous over the Church of 
Corinth, as ho eonfesseth, 2 Cor. xL 12. " With a godly jealousy, te prescrit 
them a pure virn te Christ ;" and ho was afraid still, lest as the serpent be- 
guiled Èe, through his subtilty, se their minds should be corrupt frein tho 
simplicity that is in Christ. God himself, in seine sense, is said te be jealous, 
"al ara a jealous God, and will visit :" se Psalm lxxix, g. "Shall thy 
jealousy burn liko tire for over l" 13ut these are improperly ealled jealousies, and 
by a metaphor, te show the eare and solicitude they haro of thetm Althougk 
somejealousies express ail the symptoms ofthis wkich we treat of; fear, sorrow, 
angnish, anxiety, suspicion, haered, &a, the objec only varied. That of seine 
£tthers is ver T eminent, te their oens and heirs; for though they love them 
dearly being children, yet new eoming towaxls man's escale they may net well 
abide them, tho son and hoir is commonly sick of tho father, and tho father 
again may net well brook his eldest son, inde simultates, plerumque contentiones 
et inimicitiœe; but that of princes is most notorious, as when they fear ce-rival», 
(if I may se call them) successors, emulators, subject, or such as they haro 
offended.  Omnisque potestas impatiens consortis erit: "theyare still suspicious 
lest their authority should ho diminished," Sas ono observes; and as Comineus 
bath if, "it canner be expressed what slender causes they bave of their ga-ief 
and suspicion, a secret disease, that commonly lurks and breeds in princes" 
familles." Sometimes it is for their honour only, as that ofAdrian the empot- 
er, "i that killed all his omulatoa." Saul onvied David; Domitian Am4cola, 
because ho did excel him, obscure his boueur, as ho thought, eelipse his ûtme. 
JEune turned Proetus' daughters into kine, for that they eontnded with ber for 
beauty;  Cyparissoe, king Eteocles' children, were envied of the goddesses for 
their excellent good parts, and dancing amongst the rest, saith  Constantine, 
"and for that cause ltung headlong frein heaven, and buried in a pit, but the 
catch ¢ook pity ofthem, and brought out cypress trees te preserve their morne- 
ries." miobe, Arachne, and ]iarsyaz, eau eestify as much. ]3ut it is mos 
grievous when if is for a kingdom itself; or matters ofcommodiey, it produceth 
lamentable effects, especially amongst yraata, in despotico 1reporte, and such 
as are more feared than beloved of their subject, that get and keep their 
overeignty by force and fear.  Quod civibus tenere te invitis scias, &c., as 
Phalaris, Dionysius, Periander held theirs. For though fear, cowardice, and 
ieal,,usy, in Plutm'ch's opinion, be the common causes of tyranny, as in/qero, 
Caligula, Tiberiu% yet mos take them te be symptom. For "°what slave, 
what hangman (as Bodine well expresseth this passion, l. 2. c. 5. de rep.) can 
se eruelly torture a eondemned person, as this fear and suspicioni Fear of 
death, inïamy, ferments, are those furies and vuleures/bat vex and disqnie 
tytantand torture them day and night, with perpetual trrors and affrights, 
envy, suspicion, fear, desire ofrevenge, and a thousand such disaeing pertur- 
bations, tura and affright the seul out of the hinges of health, and more griev- 
ously wound and pieree, than those cruel masters eau exasperat and vex their 
apprentices or servants, with clubs, whips, chains, and torturer" lMany terrible 
oxamples wo bave in this kitd, amongst the Turks esl,ecially, man 7 jealous 

#Exod. xx. fLéchit. $D&noeua Aphorls. polit. emper metuunt ne eorum suctot mlnnsr. 
 BelH NeapoL ]l. 5. i Old non pot quam u e$ In a hant moEroris et #picionis, et 
• ic t morb occtu qui in fmflii prlncipum reat, kO oemo intefit. Lprid. 
IConsnt. at¢ult, lib. i0. ¢. . Cari Ecl flli sa]tte ad emnlationem deam  puteum 
demoli eunt,  a misoeat& cupres inde pruxit, mOvid. et. n Seneca. o Qu 
autem eatfex addic suppii¢io cdœeiius c quam met  Met iUqua ortis, infami e¢iat us, 
sun[ il ultc furiœe quoe rannos exagitallL &c. Multo acerbi sat et pgt, quam udeIoe 
 rço vtncto»/tib  tormt cerare pount. 



62ç Lorc-=l«lncho[y. [Part. 3. Sec. 3. 
outrages; PSemus killeA Kornut s youngest roter, rive of h nephews, 
 taça  and dive othe, q ajzet the second Turk, jealo of tho 
vato and tns of Achmet sa, OEd  tobe sla. rSolymau 
the Matricent murded his own son ustapha; and 't an ordina tng 
amongt them, fo make away their brothe, or any comptiez, at the 
cog to the cro: 'ris ail the lemnity they u at their fathers' fe 
Wht md pru in his jlo  &d erod ofold comtin Jewry, when ho 
mcred aH the chiMren of a year old "Vale the emperor in Constan- 
tople, when  he le no man alive of quahty   ngdom that had 
naine ben th Theo; Theodot Theognost Theodos Theod, &c. They 
went aH to their long home, because a wrd ld him that naine should 
sucoed  h empe. And what fuo dig bath tJo. B that 
Mcoan tt, pmcted of te  It h a wonder to read that strange 
suspicio wch Suetous reports of Claudius Coeur, and of Domitn, they 
were afraid of every man they w: and which Hern of Antous and 
Gel, those two jealous brothem, the one could hot endure so much  the 
other's ants, but ruade away him,  chieft foHowem, and a that be- 
longed to him, or we, his weH-shem, uhlmin «perceivg hieH to 
be oous fo most men, because he w corne fo that heht of honour out 
of base benin, and suspectg  mn parentage would be objected to 
hiln, OEused a the natom that were nobly deended, fo be ain in a jeous 
humou, tued oe the servants of Alexander  predessor out ofdoom, and 
slew many of them, becae they lamented the ter's death, susctg 
them to be tmim, for the love tbey bave to b" When Alexander in 
 had ruade Clit s dr friend to be put to death, and saw now (th 
*Cui) an a5enation in hh subjec' heurts, none durst ta with him, he 
began  be jeo of himlf, lest they should attempt  much on him, 
"and said they Hved hke so many d bets  a wfldee, one afraid of 
another." O mode sto afford us many notable examples, x Heu the 
Td of France, jealous of Hen of Lorrae, Duke of Gse, ao 1588, 
OEed m fo be murdered  his o chamber. Lo the Eleventh 
so suspicious, he duret hot trust  chfldre», eve man aut  he mpected 
for a t,zitor: my strange tricks Comeus telleth of  ow jealo 
our en the aFoth of g Richard the Secon<  long  he 5voe, afr 
he w deposed and of hh o son Hey  his lter days ch the 
prce wefi perceivg, OEme to it hh father   sics, in a watchet 
velvet gown, f of eyelet holes, and th needles sticg  them ( an 
emhlem of jeoy), and  pacffied  suspicio Father, aer me speech 
and protation hich he had used  that puose. PeetuM imp6son- 
ment,  that of be bDuke of ondy, in tbe ys of He the 
forbidding of murage to some perso with such e oeicts and prohibition, 
are or  oe star. in a word (e he d) tee thgs OEe jeousy, 
a mighty s, a  ture, a ir wife; or where there h a cmcked title, 
much tymnny, and extio In out state,  being d ri'oto ail the 
feam and , we may be most e and happy under the rei of out 
frtuna pce : 
«d ls foe bath deted h]m to one I He   se he hatb no cause fo 
But  aH h pple univelly  [ Jeou or dreadful of disloyalty 
And hot fo them but r the lofe a}on Te ptal whern h n 
 hi they act  plc wurthily. Is heldofaH our h and aH o 

P Lo»iverns, To. 1. Turc. ]lt. c. 24. q Jorius t ira ejus. rKnowles. Busbequiua nd. fol. 
 icepho Hb. 11. c. 4. Soeurs, b. ç. p. 35. eque Ves alic pevercit q Th coomine 
Voretur. t Aland. Gamin. Muv. ht. dcrip, e. 5. u D. Fletcher, ttmet omn ne d 
Bot. 1. . btaximln vie  »flen qnod ex Inmo 1o  tannin fOrtam vit orib 
 gere b me. ne na,H ot objioeret, omn Alexi proed, mUom 
ex aula eJecl plb itt, qu m nt  mo   de mee, x Lib. 
8. qu foe litudlne vebL tent im, timen Y e fol. 56. ffi  cap. belli, lib. 
nn pro homi»i fidebat t om» insid sibi pubat, a Camn'a R, b 3lat. Fa. c R. 
ao  bien jeoie, d DauieÇ m h Feg t'te to the g. 



lV[em. 1. Subs. 1.] Jealousy of Beast». 629 
] I rove, I confe.s. eoe equivocations, jealousles, and many uch, which 
crucy the souls of men, are hot here pperly mnt, or in this dtinction of 
ours hcluded, but tha alo which h for buty, ndhg  lovo,and whein 
they OEa brook no oe-rivM, or endure any paicipation : and th jealousy 
belongs oea well to brute beasts,  men. Some creatures, saith  Viv 
dov, cocks, bulls, &c., aro jealo  we  men, d  much mov, for 
fc of commuom 
"tGrege pro toto tella Juvenc J « In Venus" cause what mlgh battles make 
$i conjugio timuere suo, Your raving bull and sUrs for thcir hcrd's ake : 
oacnnt timldi prœelia ceci.  And harts d buc that are so timorous. 
t mit OEu concepi ,i« faro? 'i ght an o.  once they be but 
In uHs, hors, goats, tis is most apparenfly cerneoE u]ls pecily, 
ufium in pascu o adaittR, he wiU hot adit another bull to teed in the 
ame pture,ith g Oppian : which Stephanus thorius,te king of Poland, 
ud as an iprs, with that otto, Regnu», o cpit duos. . T. in 
Dlon oî JeMou»y, te]leth a sry of a swan aout Windsor, that finding a 
srn cock with his mate, did swim  ow hot Low many mfies afer to 
him. aud whcn ne had so done, me bk and killed his heu ; a certa truth, 
e saith, done upon Tham,  many watermen, and neighbour gentleen, 
can 1]. Fid«t suam [(eret; for y pa, I do beEeve it ay e te; 
wn ve ever been bruded with tht epithet oîjealousy. 
ISome sy as mch of eIephsnts, that they are mo jea]ous than any other 
cceatur whocver; ad those old Eptians,  kpieri irmeth us, 
exprès in their hieroglypcs, the pio of jeousy by s cmel; 
tt £rg the wot still about matters of venery, he ]oves solitudes, that 
ay enjoy hh pleasure a]on CI i quoscunçue obvi insuruit , 
ztimulis a9itatus , he w qua-el and fight th whosoever com next, man 
or ast, in his jlous fit I bave rd  much of m croco; and ff Peter 
[art's uthoriy be authentic, legat. Babylonœe» lib. 3. you shall bave 
stnge ta]e fo at purpose confideny related. Another sto of 
ealoy of dogs, see  Hiero FaLricius Tract. 3. cap. 5. de loueld 
aimalium. 
ut t furious pion  most emlnent  men, nd  oe well amon 
bachelors  m«ed men. If it appât amongst bchdors, we coonly 
thcm rivah or co-rivals, a metphor deed om a river, rivales à rivo; îor 
a river, sith Acron ) Hot. Art. Poet. and Donat. in Ter. Eune. divid 
oemmo -ound between two men, nd th participate of it, so is  woma, 
iuoEerent between two , both kely to enoy ber; and thenoe 
thh emulation, which bk out m«ny rimes to temçestuous tos, and 
duoeth lamenble effects, mrder itse h much cruelty, many 
mbats. They oennot endure the Ieast ju doe unto them be theiv 
htress, and  ber de£enoe  bi off oe ano.her's n; they are most 
impatient of any tic,t, dhe, lt emulation or participation  tht kind. 
« L«et laeert»tm Larçi mordx emni. Memnius the Roman ( Tul]y 
tel the toT, de oratorë, lib. 2.), beg co-riwl with rs Teca, bi 
him by the arm, which £act o£ hiswso famous, that it afterw-ds ew to 
f,roverb in thosv prs. PPhoedria could hot abide h co-xval To; for 
when Paxeo demanded, nmquiŒE atiud imperasY whether he wotdd com- 
and him any mox'e ioe: « o more (sith he)but to spek   beh 
3. de nlm cap. de . Anlmali« quoed*m zMotl *nn, ut o]ore ¢o]umb gai]l, ta, &c. oh 
memm commuionS, fbenec& s Lib. 11. Cynogct. h Chsucer,  h Amb]y vf Fowl& 
Alderovd. k Lib. 12. I Stbt mens c  vener, litudin amat quo t ls foemina 
ltur, m Croc zelot! etuxom ImÇ & n Qui didit a communem ; inde 
deducitur  antes. o I rmu cbil. 1. cent. 9. adO. . P Ter. E. Act. 1. sc. 1. M aostm 
erusto verbi et t oemul q.o pote ab ea peto. 



30 Zove-)lIelancoly. [PaOE. 3..%zc. 3. 

and to drive away his co-rval if he could." Constantlne, in the eleventh 
book of his husband .ry, cap. 11, bath a pleasant raie of the pine-tree; qshe 
was once a faix maid, whom Pineus and Boreas, two co-r]vah, dearly sought; 
but jealous Boreas hroke ber neck, &c. And in his eighteenth chapter he 
telleth another tale of rMars, tbat in h[s jealousy s]ew Adonis. Petronius 
calleth this passion amantium furiosam wmulationem, a furiou emulation ; 
and their symptoms m-e well expressed by Six Geoffrey Chaucer in hi.s first 
Canterbury Tale. It will make the nearest and dearest friends rail out; t]iey 
vill endure ail other thiug to be common, goods, lands, moneys, participate 
of each pleasure, and take in good part any dis'aces, injuries in another 
kind ; but as PropeoEius well describes it in an elegy of his, in this they will 

surfer nothing, bave no co-riva]s. 
'STu lhi vel ferro pectus, vel perde veneno» 
A domina tantùm te modo toile mes : 
Te socium vitoe te corpors ese l]cebit, 
Te dominum admltto rebus amice mels. 
Lecto te eolnm, lecto te deprecor uno, 
/Iia]em ]>ou2 o ego ferre Jovem." 

This jealousy, vhich I ara to treat ot 

«Stab me wth sword, or poison strong 
Give me tO work ly bane: 
So thou court hot my ! so thou 
From mitre mine refrain. 
Cummand myself, my body, pure 
• s thine own goods take al/. 
nd as my ever dearest friend. 
I eer w,e thee sha]L 
0 spare my love. to bave a]one 
Ber to m)eli I crave, 
lay, Jv$e himself rll hot endure 
ly rival for to bave." 
is that which belongs to married men, 

in respect of their own wives ; to whose estate, as no sweetness, pleasure, bal» 
pine.s can be compared in the world, if they lire quietly and lovingly together; 
so if they disagree or be jealous, tbose bitter pills of orrow and grief, disas- 
trous mischiefs, mischances, tortures, gripings, discoureurs, are hot tobe sepa- 
rated from them- A most violent passion itis vhere it taketh place, au 
unspeakable forment, a hellish torture, an infernal plague, as Ariosto calls it, 
"a firy, a continual lever, full of suspicion, tear, and sorrow, a martyrdom, a 
mirth-marring monster. The sorrow and grief of heart of one woman jealous 
of another, is heavier than death, Ecclus. xxviii. 6. as tpeninnah did Hannah, 
vex ber and upbraid ber ore." 'Tis a main vexation, a most intolerab|e 
burden, a corrosive to all content, a frenzy, a madness itself; as u Benedetto 
Varchi proves out of that select sonnet of Giovauni de la Casa, that reverend 
lord, as he styles him. 
StrBS]CT. II.--Cause of Jealousy. lVho are nos apt. IdIeness, raelancholy, 
impotewy, long absence, beauty, wantonness, naught themselves. Allure- 
ments from time, tIace, persons, bad usage, cause». 
ASrROLOEaS make the stars a came or sig of this bitter passion, and out 
of every man's horoscope will give a probable conjecture whether he will be 
jealous or no, and st what time, by direction of the significators to theix several 
]womisors: their aphorisms are tobe xad in AIbubator, Pontanus, Schoner, 
Junctine, &c. ]3odine, cap. 5. raeth, hier. ascribes a great cause to the country 
r clime, and discourseth la" rgely there of this subject., saying that southern 
men are more hot, laecivious, and jealous, than such as live in the north; they 
can hardly contain themselves in those hotter climes, but are more subject to 
]rodigious lust. Leo A£er telleth incredible things almost, of the lust and 
jealousy of his cotmtrymen of Africa, and especially 8ueh as llve about Car- 
thage, and so doth every geographer of them in xAsin, Turkey, Siniards, 
tahana Germany bath hot so manydrunkards, England tobacconists, Franco 
dancers, Holland mariners, as Italy alone bath jealous husbands, And in 
Italy some accotmt them of Piacenz more jealous than the test. n Ger- 
4 Pinus puella quondan fuit. &c. r Mar gelotypu Adonidem Interfeeit. S IL T. t ! Sain. i. s. 
• Blazon of Jealousy. • Muliernm condJtio misera ; ullam bonetam erednnt nisl domo conclu 
vivat.  kïnea Morion, a-Nomen ge]ot'bioe iu(I iato| loc oIl habet, hb. . e_ 8, 



Iem. 1.8ubs. 2.] Causes of Jealousy. 631 
rnany, France, triain, Scandia, Poland, ][uscovy, they are no se roubled 
with this ferM malady, Mthough Damianus à Goe, whieh I de mueh wonder st, 
in his topogrphy of Lapland, and Herbastein of Ruia, agaiust the strearn of 
ail other geographers, would fasten it upon those northem inhabitants. Alto- 
rnarius Poggius, and Muuster in his description of Baden, reports that men 
and women of ail sorts go commonly into the baths together, without ail suspi- 
cion, "the narne ofjealousy (saith Muuster) is net se much as once heard of 
among them." In Frieslaud the wornen kissthem they drink te, and axe kissed 
agMn of those they pledge. The virus in Holland go hand in hand with 
young men ri'oto home, glide on the ice, such is their harmless liberty, and 
lodge together abroad without suspicion, which rash Sausovinus an Italian 
makes a great sign of unchastity. In France, upon smail acquaintance, it 
usual te court other rnen's wives, te corne te their bouses, and accompany them 
arrn in arm in the street.% without imputation. In the most northern countries 
young rnen and maids familiarly àanco together, rnen and their wives, awhich, 
iena only exeepted, Italiens may net abide. The bGreeks, on the other side, 
bave their private baths for men and wornen, where they rnust net corne near, 
ner se much as sec one another: and as c Bodine observes, lib. 5. de repub. 
« the Italiaus could never endure this,  or a Spaniard, the very conceit of if 
would make him mad : and for that cause they lock up their women, and will 
net surfer them te be near rnen, se rnuch as in the dchurch, but with a parti- 
tion between. He telleth, rnoreover, how that "when he was ambassador in 
England, he heard Mendoza the Spanish legate finding çault with it, as a filthy 
custorn for men and wornen te sit promiscuously in churches together: but 
Dr. Dale the rnaster ofthe requests told him again, that it was indeed a filthy 
custom in Spain, where they could net contain themselves fom lascivious 
thoughts in their holy places, but net with us." Baronius in his Annals, out of 
]usebius, taxeth Licinius the emperor for a decree of his rnade te this effect, 
Jubens ne viri simul cure mulieribus in ecclesid interessent: for being prodi- 
giously nanght himselï aliorum natura» ex suâ vitiosâ mente spectavit, he se 
esteerned others. But we are far frorn any such strange conceits, ad will 
lermit out wives and daughters te go te the tavern with a friend, as Aubunus 
eaith, mode absit lascivia, and suspect nothing, te kiss coming and going, which, 
as Erasrnus writes in one of his epistles, they cumaot endure. England is a 
laradise for women, and hell for horses: Italy a puradise for horses, heil for 
wornen, as the diverb goes. Seine rnake a question whether this headstrong 
ltssion rage more in women than men, as ][ontaigne 1.3. But sure if is more 
outageous in wornen, as all other rnelancholy is, by tesson ofthe weakness of 
their sex. Scaliger, Post. lib. cap. 13. concludes against wornen: "eBesides 
their iacoustancy, treachery, suspicion, dissimulation, supersti.ion, prude (for 
all women are by nature proud), desire of sovereignty, if they be great worne 
(he gives instance in Jtmo), bitteress and jealousy are the most rernarlblt 
affections. 
 Sed neque fulvœee sper media tare fulv lza ira et [  Tiger, boat, bear, vlper, llene. 
Fulmlneo rapidcs dura rotat oto cane I  womaa'e fury carmot express.'* 
fSorne say red-headed women, pale-co|oured» black-eyed, and of a shrill 
voice, are rnot subject to jealousy. 
'1 HIgh eelur in a woman el.oler ahew, 
laught are they, peevsh, proud, 
But worst of al red, ehrill, and Jealotta.  



8SA ZovM.dwly. [P«r. S. Sec. S. 

their husbands tarry too long abroad upon uauecessary business, well they may 
mtsl»ect: or if they run oni way, their wives af home wil| fly out another, 
pro quo. Or if present, and give them hot that content which they ought, 
 P»'imum ingraWe, mox invisoe noctes quoe per $omnum transiguntur, they 
cannot endure tolie alone, or to fast long. el°eter Godefridus, in his second 
book of Love, and sixth chapter, hnth a story out of St. Anthony's lire, of 
gentleman, who, by that good man's advice, would hot meddle with his wife in 
the passion week, but for his pains she set a pair ofhorns on his head. Such 
another he hath out of Abstemius, one persuaded a new married man "fro 
tbrbear the three first nights, and he should ail hislifetime alto: be fortunatc in 
cattle," but his impatient wife would not tart T so long: well he might speed 
in cattle, but not in children_ Such a talc hath Heinsius of an impotent and 
slack scholar, a mere student, and a friend of lais, that seeing by chance a fine 
damsel sing and dance, wou|d needs marry ber, the match was soon made, for 
he w young and rich, genis gratus, corpore 9la6ellus, arte multiscius, et.for- 
tund opulentus, like that Apollo in gApuleius. The first night, having liber- 
ally taken his liquor (as in that country they do) my kind scholar wasso fuzzled, 
t|mt he no sooner was laid in bed, but he fell .fast asleep, never waked till 
morning, and then mch abahed, p$trpures formosa ro$is clm. ttrora ruerel 
when the air morn with purple hue 'gan shine, he ruade an excuse, I know not 
what, out of Hippocrates Cous, &c., and for that rime it went cun-eut: but 
when as afterward he did hot play the man as he should do, she fell in league 
• vith a good fellow, and whilst he sat up late at his studv about those criticisms, 
mending some hard places in .Festus or Poux, came cod to bed, and would tell 
her still what he had donc, sK . did hot muth regard what he said, &c. « hShe 
would have another matter mended much rather, which he did not conceive 
•vas corpt :" thus he continued at his study late, she at ber sport, alibi enim 
fi'stiras noctes agRaat, hating ail scholars for his sake, till af length he began 
to StLspect, and turned a little yellow, as well he might; for it was his own 
fitult; and if men be jealous in such cases (ias off it falls out) the mends is 
in their own hands, they must thank themselves. Who will pity them, saith 
qeander, or be mucb offended with such wives, sideceptoeprits virosdecipiant, 
et cortutos reddant, if they deceive those that cozened them first. A lawyer's 
• vife in kAristoenetus, because her husband was negligent in his business, 
qtando lecto danda opera, threatened to cornute him : and did not stick to tell 
l'hilinna, one of her gossips, as much, and that aloud for him to heax: "If 
he follow other men's matters and leave his own, l'Il bave an orator shall 
l,lead my cause, I care not if he know it." 
A fourth eminent cause of jealousy may be this, when he that is deformed, 
and as Pindarus of Vulcan, sine gratiis natus, hirsute, ragged, yet virtuously 
given, will marry some fah- nice piece, or light housewife, begins fo misdoubt 
(as well he may) she doth hot affect him. Lis est cumforrnd magna pudici 
tioe, beauty and honety bave ever been at odds. Abraham was jealous of his 
•vife because she was fair: so was Vulcan of his Venus, when he ruade ber 
creaking shoes, saith m Philostratus, ne noecharetur, sandalio scilicet deferente, 
that he might hear by them when she stirred, which Jlars indignèferre, 
not wll pleaed with. Good cause had Vulam to do as he did, for shv was no 

d Heins|uq. e Ux«r enJadam nebilis qnnm debitnm maritale «acra passionls hebdomada non obtlneret, 
alterum adiit, fNe tribus prioribus noctib rem haret c  ut et in peoeribus foatu ab 
uxore moroe impatient &c. gTom ntem bene et pudt neminl moltus doiendo transit; 
rogne autem quum ulliu$ $c[ finoris sibi k et ert pudere sudi  dicebat c dolora 
c_??m cç.. Duo poeoepta js un nçte expriç nemim  et honte vixerat, 
eauuumuquere«m«qnpoterat. utloptnoretTrebatihocneenkHb. 1. hAlri 
Io« ementlonem r opç qnem pt  file non veni i Su another te  In der 
de Jocosei h flt tal k Lib. 2. . 3. SI petit allen neotds operam re sui negligens, et ali 
,ihi oratnr qui rem meam agat. 10d. ra t ar frmoe tue plt m V 
m aod 'ioEtt  cMccntu 



Mem. 1. ubs. 2.] Cause," of Jealousy. 
]oneter than she sould be. our fine ces bave commonly this 
if is ard to find, saith Frcis Fhelph in n epistle to Saxol  fricu, I, 
 rich man honest,  proper woman hot proud or unchste. "Can 
d onest too" 
oSoepe etenlm oculult pl s hydrs sub her 
Sb ecie fooe, Inuto  pè mzto 
equsm im venl" 
Ie that ma a fe that  sno fair alone, le im look, sth VBarbat, 
for no betr sneoess than Vulean had with Ven, or Claudius with Ielin: 
d 'ris poible almost in sueh ees the wffe shod oent, or the good 
an not be jlous: for when he  so defeive, weak, -proporoned, un- 
pleing in thooe parts whieh women most affeet, and she most absolutely fait 
and able on the other side, ff she be not very uoly ve how ean she 
love h and although she be not fait, yet ff he ade ber d thi ber 
so, in h conoeit she  absolute, he holds it possible for any man livg not to 
do  he doth, to look on ber and not lmt, hot to covet, and if 
pany ith her, not to lay siege to ber honty : or ee out of a deep appr 
hension of his imies, deformiti and other men's good parts, out of his 
o Httle woh and de, he distmsts himoelf, (for what is jealousy bt 
dtst) he spects she OEot affeet him, or be not  nd and long 
she should, she cealy love some other man better than 
qNem, lb. 4. hum. 72,  bave barrenns to be a main eau of 
jlousy. If ber husbaud not py the man, some other al they ill 
lve no remedi unyed, and theupon the good m ows jealo 
eodd give an insce, but be if  if ia 
I find th t'eon ven by some men, beoee they bave been formerly 
naught themoelves, they thi they may be o seed by othe, they tned 
up tmp fore the ds ere shuoEedj they shall bave therefore le9em 
«, Hke for Hk 
 r Ip miser doeul, quo poster ludere pscto I « Wteh  I w. I taught h ba fo 
Ctod, eheu nc premor sr me&.'" And now me o ely  e put upon me.  
a/a mens, a[us animus,  the szg , iii dço.itio OEe 
u Sere le none Jlous, I doest ps my 
But he thst bath defiled other's wife, 
And for tbst he htmse]f bath gone astrsy, 
He trghay th h wife w Ue that wsy.  
To the two aove-ed caus, or oenat of th rge,  may ve ell 
aex thoev cirmsnces of te, plie, peo, by wch it eUbs and flows, 
the el of t y,  tViv tly observes; n such e ciden or 
ocrions, çrocding 'om the çai themœelv, or cthe, wch much 
gvate and intend t sicio umo. For y en are so lioly 
 elther out of  depraved nature, or t uch bey, ch they do 
aume to temselv, y rson of the eatn,  that they e noble 
en (for/centa peccand, et mtiudo peccantium e great motives) 
the o iv be never so , noble, vtuous, bon,t, we, able, nd well 
given, they muet bave cange. 
,, u Qui dura le.rirai Juneuntur fe lec. [ u o ing mstch'd fo wives most 
Virtute egregiis, fscieque dooque puelliN [ ohle» d Æ fly out ivio." 
Scorts tamen, foedue Iupg q in fÇice 
Et per adte novs cere gsudis ttt." 
Quod let, ingraum est, that hich is orna,  nplent. ero (saith 
Tit) abhoed Octa h o OEe, a noble uous dy, and loved Acte, 
a be qun  rçect. XCenthus jecd Sultia, a noblems daughter, 
and coed  or svt maid. tanta est a[nd n ssa vo[uptas, for 
eHor. ept. 15. «O h the seent ln td nt the loeoE  der 
nd o h the e clstion effected s le without the hhsnd's pv ty." P De  uxo& t. 1. 
cap. 5. q C stel sun ex mutione vi  putsnt coneipere, r TibuN e]. 6. 
t 3 de An]m. Crcit  ecrc zelo'is cu  « temporib negc, u 



636 Lore-l]I«lanctwbj. [Part. 3. Sec. 

that "Ystolen waters be more pleasant:" or as Xitellius the emperor was 
wont te say, Jucundiore$ amore$, qui cum ]ericulo habentur, like stolen venisop., 
still the sweetest is that love which is most difficultly attained : they like better 
te huut by stealth in another man's walk, than te bave the &irest course 
that may beat game of their own. 
'  Asvlce ut In eoelo rnod sol, md luns mintret  « As •un sud rnoon n heaven ehane thelr 
Si etiam nobLs uns paells par/zm ¢t. °" | Se they change ]ove though oftcn te the worse2" 
Or that seine fait object se forcibly raoves them, theycnnot contain themselves, 
lc it heard or seen they will be af it alTessus, the centaur, was by agree- 
ment te cart T tfercules and his wife over the river Evenns ; no sooner had 
h set Dejanira on the other side, but he would have offered violence unto 
her, leaving ]=[ercules te swim over as he could : and though ber husband was 
a spectator, yet wodd he net desist till Hercules, with a poisoned arrow, shot 
him te death, bNeptune saw by chance that Thessalian Tyro, Eunippis' 
wife, he forthwith, in the firy of his lust, counterfeited her hnsband's habit, 
and ruade him cuckold. Tarquin heard Collatine commend his wife, and was 
se far enraged, that in the midst of the night te ber he went Theseus stole 
Ariadne, v/rapuit that Trazenian Anaxa, Antiope, and new being old, Helen, 
a irl net yet ready for a husband. Great men are most part thus affected ail, 
"as a herse they neigh," saith Jeremiah, after their neighbours' wives,--«t 
visd pullus ad/innit er]uâ: and if they be in company with other women, though 
in their own wives' presence, they must be courting and dallying with them. 
Juno in Lucian complains of Jupiter that he was still kissing Ganymede before 
ber face, which did net a little offend ber: and besides he was a counterfeit 
A mphitryo, a bull, a swan, a golden shower, and l,layed many such bad lranks, 
too long, too shameful te relate. 
Or that they care little fir their own ladies, and fear no laws, they dare 
freely keep whores st their wives' nose 'Tis too frequent with noblemen te 
be dihonest; P[etas, probitas,.fides, rit,ata Sons sn$, as ehe said long since, 
liety, chastity, and such like virtues are for private men: net te be much 
looked after in great courts : and which Suetonius of the good Princes of 
time, they might be ail engraven in one ring, we may tly hold of chaste 
i,otentates of our age. For great personages will familiarly run out in this 
kind, and yield occasion of offence, fMontaigne, in hi. Essays gives instance 
in Coesar, Mahomet the Turk, that sacked Constantinople, and Ladislaus, king 
of lTaples, that besieged Florence: great men, and great soldiez% are com- 
monly great, &c., probatum est, they are good doer. Mars and Venus are 
equally balanced in their actions, 
 S Militls In Raies nidum fecere columboe, [  A dove withln s head-plece marie ber net, 
Appret Mrti quam sit mic& Venus." 'Twixt Mars and Venus see an intereat." 
]pecially if they be bald, for bald men have ever been snspicious (rend more 
in Aristotle, ect. 4. prob. 19.), as Galba, Otho, Domitian, and remarkable 
Cœesar amongst the rest. h Urban£ sert, ate uxores, moecum ca[vum adduc£mus; 
besicles, this baid Coesar, sith Curie in neton, was omnim nulerm 
he ruade love te Eunoe, queen of]aurit.nia te Cleopatra te Posthumia wife 
te Sergins ulpitins; te Lollia, wife te Gabinins te Tertulla of Crassns ; te 
l[utia, Pompey's wife, and I know net how many besides: and well he might, 
fr, if al1 be true tht I have read, he had a license te lie with whom he list. 
]ter alos onores Coesari decretos (as ueton. cap. 52, de Julio, and Dion, 
lib. 44. relate)ju (lli datum, cum quiuscuque foemi se jungendi. Eve T 
private historywfll yield suchvarietyofinstances: otherwise good, wise, dicreet 
ea, virtuous anà valiant, but too faulty in this. Pdamns hd fty sons, but 

Y Prov. Ix. 17. • Propert. eleg. 2. a Ovld. llb. 9. Met. Pauanlas Strsbo, quam erer]t Imbrtau• 
lyemalibus. Delanlram suscipit, ]lercu]ern harde equi jubet, b Lnciau, rem. 4. © Flutaxch. 
d a. v. tL v cue.c. f Lib. 2. c. 21. S l'ettonius, Cst4L h -uetoll. 



lIem. 1.8ubs. 2] Cu«ses of Je, alouV. 
seventeen alerte lawfully begoten, i Philippus Bonus le fourteen btards. 
Loreo de edici, a good prince and a we, but, ith Iacvel, 
ously lmeiom. None se valiant  Ctcci CtoEn but,  the said 
author hath it, none se ineontent  he w. And 't net only predonant 
in -andees th çault : but if you il take a t man's testony, 't mi- 
liar with every be soler  France (and elsewhere, [ think). "Thia ce 
(saith mine author) h  oemmou th us iu France, that he is of no account, 
a me coward, net wohy the naine of a soldier, that  net a notcfiou 
whoremteç" In Italy he  net a gettlema that be»ides his wife bath net 
a courtezan d a mtrs. 'T no mael, then, if pr women in such c 
bo jlo, when they sha]l œee theraselves manifestly neglected, contemned, 
loathe unkindly med: theh" dloyal husbands te entetaia othe in their 
roo, and my rimes  cou la.es te their faoes: other men's ves 
wr their jewels: how haH a poer woman in such a  merate ber pas- 
sion  a Qu tibi hune Dido cernenti talia se Y 
ow, on gho ogher sid% shall a pr man eonain himself from ghis ferai 
lady, when he shall o so manifes signs of h fe's iaoensganey when, 
 Milo's fo, she dogea upon every yog man she secs, or, 
Sog,deserto sequitur ilum marilo, "des ber hband and flIws 
Clius." Though ber husband be proper d a, fait and lovdy o behold, 
able go ve eonenmen o any one wom, yeg she wi ge of ghe forbidden 
fi: Juven's Iberina go  hair, she   well pleed wigh one eyo  ono 
man. If a young gallg eome by chanoe ingo her prenee, a 
ghag oen wear  cloches we  fhion, wih a !oek, jingling spur, a feaher 
gg ¢an enge, nd wiM oemplimeng, oeurç a genflewoman, 8he vesupon 
him, "0 whag  lovely pror man he wm," anoher Heeor, 
gy man, a demiod, how weely he eaied himlf, wih how eomely 
gmce, ic oculo,  ille manu, ic ora erebat, how ngly he did wear 
cloches! p Qam e»e ore, 9uam fti ptore et armis, how b«vely did 
ho deoue, de, 8g, and dance, &e., and ghen she bens go loaho ber 
husbad, epunans oscuIatu, o ha¢ him and  filghy beard, hia 
eomplexion, o 8d of Polyphemus, qtotu qui aiem, totu ut hiru det, 
he h a rammy fulsomo feow,  gobn-faeed fefiow, he smeIls, he sin, 
coepas imul allt)«mgue uctagi 9uando ad thalamum, &e., how like 
dizzard,  foel, an s, ho loo, how like a elo ho behaves himself! 
woE nog oeme n him by ber o good IÇ bu wholly rejes h, as 
• d her fliginoua uln, a lg, Nec e hune mense, Dea nec d9nata 
oubli est.  o did Luerefia, a lady of noe, er she had bu seen 
in urialum totafebatur, domum rerera, &e., sho wod nog hold hot ey 
offh in hh prenoe,Utantum eçç decu enitet ore, and 
oed nk of nono bu h odit virum, she loahed ber husbaad fohwith, 
mlghg nog abido him: 
xEt eonJugalls ne#igens to, viro [ AII gslnst the lsws ofmatEmony, 
rnte, acerbe aeat ftidio; » he d abhor hr 
and soughg ail oppounity te sec ber sweethe agi. New when the od 
m s observe h wge se ghtly given, "te be se ri'ce and faiar with 
eve garni, ber immodesty d wantonn," ( ï Camerafius no) it must 
nee yield mtter of spicion te m, when e st pr up h¢rseh" beyond 

I Pontus Heuter, vite eJus. k Lib. 8. Flor. hist. Dux omnlttm optimua et saplentleimn ced In  verea 
prodigios. IVite t'cciL Idem or mariti$ abalienatit, meli, lib. 2 de Repnb. Gai* 
Iorum. Ira hune epud inflmo$ obtint hoc tium,  nuius fe refii ei e ia milm qui non in 
oue max oella et ulterio. nVtrg.  4. « What now mt have bu Dido's eationa 
when che wloeed the doigs t" o Eplg. 9. lib. 4. P Virg. • n. q Soed syL r,, A nd 
belch out the efi of onlo d gHc." ene Sylvl. t" Nelther s god honoured hlm with 
 tbl or a godd  h bed." u VWg. & n. *' Saeh beauty hin in his aefui fesr." 
a S. Græco Simonid. YCont 2. ca. . Oper. eubeis, nmlies liberin$ et f*miiiari commc c 



G38 Love-][elawoly. [Part. 3. Sec. 3. 
]er mearLs and forunes, makes impertinent joney, uunes vitations, 
stays out so long, wifl such and such companio,  frequently go to plays, 
m, fsts, and all public meeting, shall me ch immodt gestur 
froe sch d with show some dilate of ber own hband; how oen he 
chooee, "though he were another Socrat, but be spicions, and itantly 
jo ] .... a ocratic tandem faciet transcedere rueras;" more espially 
when he shall ke notice of their more secret and sly tficks, whi to couto 
the hbands they commonly use (dura ludis, ludos hwc teit), they pretend 
love, honour, chmtity, and seem to rpect em before all men g, sn 
in show, so cunningly can they dsemble, they will hot  much m look upon 
atother man in h presence, bso cht so reous, and  devo, they can- 
hot endure the naine or sight of a quean, a hlot, out upon ber ! and in their 
outward caage are most long and officious,  kiss their hmbd, and 
hg about s neck (dear husband, sweet husband), and with a comsed 
countence lu him, espially when he comoe home; or  he go from 
home, weep, sigh, lainent, and take upon them to be sick and swoon (like 
Jocundo's we  cAriosto, when ber husband wm fo depa), and yet aant, 
., they coee hot for him. 
 ye m the thought (quoth he) mak me so'aid e doleful ys sud nlght 1 hall 
'hat scarce the brth abideth in my brem«t; From meat my mouth» om sleep wi keep mine 
] "oe, my sweet love and wife, Jocundo saioE ey 
And weeps  fast, and comfos ber hls best, &c. That very nlght th«t went before the 
U thi might hot age the woman'a pa That he had poluted svly fo depart, 
'ecds must I die belote you corne agai Jocundo's wife w sick, and swoon'd for 
or how to keep my fe 1 c devi» id s s, so heavy w ber 
And yet for a the counteeit tea and protatio, Jocdo coiug 
LoEck  a h fvr a jewel he hoe forgot, 
"tlis chute and yo-fellow ho fonnd [ Yct by hls face w ely detected : 
Y«k'd with a knav sll honty neglec [ A beggar's brat bred by him from hls adl 
he terer aleepg very  d now w riding on  mtefs 
Tlms n they cunningly counterfeit,  d]atina db their customs, 
« s the husLands, whom they had ther s han.g on a glow and 
swear they love m dearer than the o liv, whoee so they would 
ransom for the ttle 
" slllls  peutlo dctur, 
oe vi cupit auam e te. » [any of them oeem to be pce and holy foooth, and wiU go to such a 
e church, to heur ch a good man by aH meu an exceUent man, when 'ris 
for no other intent ( he foHows if) than "to sec and to be see fo oboee 
what fashio are  , to moet some pander, wd, mo friar, or to entice 
e good fellow." For they pelade themlv,  fean show 
"That it  neither s nor shame fo Ee with a lord or pah prier, ff he be a 
roper man; gand though she knl vfm and ply devoutly, 't (saith 
lata) hot for ber hband's welre, or cdren's good, or any fend, but 
for ber sweetheart's tu, ber pander health." If ber hband would bave 
er go, she feins heesi, Et simu&t bit cw[use ca: ber 
ach, and se not st: ut  ber pramo k  much, he  for 
 1 o, st sE hou of e ght.   the dom vf [alabar, and 
about Goa  the East nes, the women are  subtEe that, th a ccrta 
i they give them to dve away cares  they y, "kthey w make them 
 Voe liber olorum eoUoq utrfi pam verec mot immi, & 
a Cha]oner. b What is here said» is hot pucial to hont women, c Lib. 28. se. ]3. d Di. 
amor. Pendet fa]l et blanda circg o$cula mti, quem in ec si fle poe deul vet : i vitam 
ehorem e sus Jejando OEat : qu cette non redlmeret anlma tellt si pet. Adng 
templ ut rem divinam auÇ ut ip mulant, sed vel ut monhum fratrem vel ulte n 
ocul  Hbldinem provoc b. . Nu 81. lp ibi peuaden quod tenm cure pnei 
el e p non t pudor, nec petum, g De roga non pro te m,  ati vo 
æusciplç s pro rigu moec  at. pro vedlne lon ai otet. h Tibull. i Gord 
Ah dep. Inoe Oent. Linchoen. k «arci ab Hoo, hist. h. 2. p. . Dtu herbam 
vot et dcbiç tm proellv aunt ad venerem muer ut ros tnebent poe  hor quore quod 
  ide recordtur» t dort, et vost ofioncm pumz  ce rfitu  



Mem. 1. Suhs. 2.] Caue of Jëalous. t;39 
sleep for twenty-four hours, or so intoxicate them that they tan remember 
nought oî that they saw done, or heard, and, by whhg of their îeet, rtore 
them again, and se make their husbands euekolds te their fs." Seine are 
i-disposed at ail tim» te all persons they ke, oth more wary te seine 
at such and such se,  Augets via, non niplenânavivectoremtollebat. 
Bu  ha id, 
By force of eloquen, or hclp of ar, 
Of women'e Ucherioe the hdredth park" 
Both, te say tth, are ofn faulty; men and women ve just occasions m 
th humour of disoentent, agvate and eld marrer of suspicion : but mos 
pa of the cOE ca proed om other adventifio accidents and c- 
cumsances, though he pai be free, aud boh well given [hemselv. The 
diree caoeiage of seine lascivious gallaut (et è contra of seine ght woman) 
by hh ofn frequting of a bouse, bold uoemly gesures, may make a 
breach, and by his over familiariy, ff ha  incled  yellownes colour him 
qui oug. If he be poor, bly born, sai[h Benedetto Varchi, and otheise 
unhandsome, ha suscts him the lem; but if a proper man, such 
cibiades in Gece, and Castrucci Castcanus in Italy, we desoended, 
oemmendable for his good parts» ha taketh on [he more, and wacheth h 
doings, m Theodous the emparer gave h OEe Eudoa a lden apple when 
ha w a suitor te ber, weh she long ar bestowed upon a young gaHant 
the cou, of ber pecial acquaintance. The emparer, pying t apple in 
his hand, suspoe[ed foh[h, more han w, hls wffe's shonesy, baed 
him the cou, and frein [hat day foowing forhe çoaompany ber any more. 
hA rich marchant had a ça fe; aecording o h ctom ha went 
in his abmnce a good fellow tempd his wife: she de.ad him; yet ha, dying 
a ttle r, gave her a legacy for he love ha bore hŒee. Ag h rein, her 
ealous husband, au she had go more by d çhan he had doue 
tued ber away npon suspicion. 
New when ose other circumsances of rime and ple, opporunity and 
importuni[y shall concur, what wHl they net effec 
Se wll ha k tlm  he'fi be hure h¢ wfll net ml : 
eu ha that !ov¢$ her gamom¢ vain, nnd rampera toys wlth 
Br low thn[ nwme[h in ber ey te dire in ber 
 a plays, mks, eat fets and banquets, ena singl out h fe te nce, 
another co ber in  pn a trd empts hŒee, a fourth tes with 
a pling compmt, a swt s tiates hieg with an amphibo- 
le,cal speech,  hat me companion  the °Satit d te  Glycefium» 
ade et interorem palmam amabi[iter concugins, 
a Quod meus hous habet anmst Impunè lieebl 
Si deder aob quod tu hortu» hsbet ;" 
wlth many such, &c., and then  he ith, 
For aer a t f, Vino se suum nescit amlea v&um. Noah (saith 
"erome) "shewed h nakedn  h denn, weh ior six hdred 
yeam ha h eov'ed in sos." Lot lay wih  ughte  his dn 
as Ceras th M.rhqu enim Venus e curat? The 
oentent may be oveome, or ff otherwe they keep b company, they that 

1 Avatar% l|b. t. st. "/5. m Llplus Polit, 
• «' SIoElng close te ber, and shlng her hand lovlngly?' q Tlbull. r ,, Aer wlne the mistr 
oen able te dlstinish ber own loyer." s EplSL 85. ad Iceannm : Ad u horoe ebtaetat nud 



C40 Lore-:IdaneoI. [Part. 3. Sec. 3. 
are modcst of themse]ves, and dare hot offend, "confirmed by Uothe% grole 
impudent, and confident, and get an ill habit." 
" • Alfa qu.stus gratin rnatrtrnonlurn corrumpit, 
Alia pcca mtllts vult motbi habere 
Or if they dwel] in suspected places, as in an infamons inn, near some stews, 
near moaks, friars, :Nevisanus oeds, where be many tempte and solicitors, 
i. lle persons tbt frequent theh- companies, it may give j ust cause of suspicion. 
]Iartial of old inveighed against them that counteoEeited a disease to go to the 
Lathj for so many rimes, 
« relleto 
Conjuge Penelope venir, sbit Helen" 
Eneas Sylvius purs in a c-veat against princes' coms, because there be rot 
f,rmosijuvenes çuipromittuzd, so many brave suitors to tempt, "Jc. "Ylf 
you leave ber in such a place, you shall like]y find ber in company you like 
hot, either tbey corne te ber, or sbe is gone fo them." Kornmannns make. 
=t dvuLting jest in his laseivions country, Yir9inis il[ibata censeatur ne castitas 
ced quam feçuenter accedmt scolares.  And ]ldus the lawyer scoffs on, 
«/uum scolaris, inçuit, loquitur cure 19uel[eî, non prœesemitur ei dicere, Pater 
uoter, when a scholar talks with a moEià, or another man's wffe in prvate, it 
i presumed he saith hot a pater noster. Or if I shall see a monk or a fi-iar 
climb up a ldder st midniht into a virgin's or widow's ch,,ber window, I 
h]l hardly thiaoE he then goes fo adminter the sacraments, or fo take ber 
confession. These are the ordinary cauoe ofjeMousy, which are intended or 
rcmittcd as the circumst-nces vary. 

IE31B. II. 
SUECT. [.--çjrnporns of £ealous#, Fear,,çorrow, çuspiclon, strange Actions, 
Gestures, Outrages, Lock*n 9 up, Oaths, Trials, Laws, ,$-c. 
Ot ail passions, as I bave already proved, love is most violent, and of those 
bitter potions which this love-melancholy affords, this bastaxd jealousy is the 
gre-test, as aplars by those prodigions ymptoms which it hath, and that if 
1,roduceth. For besides fear and sorrow, which is common to ail melancholy, 
anxiety of mind, suspicion, aggravation, restless thoughts, paleness, meagre- 
ness, neglect of business, and the like, these men at farther yet misaffected, 
and in a higher sttin. 'Tis a more vehement passion, a more furious pertur- 
bation, a bitter pain, a tire, a pernicious curiosity, a gall corrupting the ltoney 
of out lire, madness, vertigo, plague, hell, they are more than oïdinarily di.- 
quieted, they lose Imnum pacis, a Chrysostom observes; and though tley be 
rich, keep sumptuous tables, be nobly al]ied, yet miserri»i omnium surir, they 
m most miserable, they axe more than ordinazily discontent, more sad, A,. il 
trhtius, more than ordinarily suspicions. Jealousy, saith bVives, "beget 
unquietness in the mind, night and day: he htmts after every word he best% 
evel T whisper, and amplifies it to himself (as all melancholy men do in other 
matters) with a most unjust calumny of others, he misinterlxets everything is 
said or done, most apt to mistake or misconstrue," he pries into every cornet, 
follows close, observes to a hair. 'Tis proper to jealousy so to do, 
 Pale hag, infernal fary, pieasure's smart, 
lnvy' obse'er, prying in evcry part." 
Besides those strange gestures of staring, frowning, grinnlng, rolling of eyes, 
menacing, ghastly looks, broken pace, interrupt, precipitate, half-turns. 
a Nihfl auden| primo, post ah aliis confirmatoe, audaces et confidentes surir. Ubi semel verecnndioe limites 
tra»leint, s Eurlpides, !. 63. '" Love of gain induces one to break ber msrrige vow, a wLh |o ha v 
ssoctt¢s to keep ber in countenance actuates others.  Y De miser. Curialium. Aut slinm cure en invenie 
sut isse allure reperies. * Cap. 18. de Virg. • .*/oln. 38. in c II. Gen. Etai magnis afliumst divitiis &c. 
b 3 de Anima. Otaries voces, auras, omnes sasmTos captat •elotypua, et amplifient almd se cure iniqui- 
s ira& de ]guli calumai. laximê suspici b et ad pvra eredcadum lroclives. 



wi sometlmes [gh, woep, ob for anger, emp uos »' m a 
$i$fundun,sw and beli slnder any man, cume, thoea br«wl, 
ld, fight; and sometimes aga tr and speak , k forveness, 
and co coudemn his rhne and foHy, vow, pinot, and swe he w never 
do so a; and then eftsoo, impatient  he , rave, roar, and lay about 
m ke  maman, thump ber sides, dmg her about perchance, drive ber out 
of doors, send ber home, he  be voroed forthwith, she   whore, &o., and 
by-d-by with ail subssion compmcnt, entrer ber ir, and bng ber 
aga, he lov ber dearly, she  h swt, most nd and lovg we, he wi]l 
hot change, nor lve ber for a ugdom ; so he continues off and on, us the 
toy tak him, e objeet movoe hi but most part bmwling, fretting, unquieç 
he ig accging and cting hot 8trangers only, but brothe and sieurs, 
ftherand mother, nearest d dt iends. Ho thinks with those Ialians, 
« Chi non toeca paren, ad 
ible  ho effecoE s a heron hen he fish, st prying on ail side; 
or  a OEt doth a mou, his eye is never off he; he gloats on h, on ber, 
aoeately oboerving on whom she loo, who loo at ber, what she th, 
doth, at dier, at supper, sitting, walkhg, at home, abroad he  the saine, 
tiH hqg, mandring, zing, sg, affghted th evry sH object 
why did she sm why did e pity him, commend him why d she dnk 
twice to such a maul why d he offer fo , fo dance &c., a who, a 
who, an nt whore. A th he oeesth h the poet, 
«« d Omnia me ten tim]d um, ignore  I  Each thlng afflgh m I do 
Et mer in i suspicor e vi ] Ah pardon me my far, 
Me lt i m ibi dabit uh mat, I doubt a man iz hid 
 ro, et cure q dot amt " OEhe cls at thon do»t wear." 
s it hot a n  woman's appal  hot somebody h that grt ch or 
d e door, or hangh, or h some of those baeh may uot a man 
steal h af the whdow with a ladder of pes, or corne do the cuey, bave 
a  key, or get in when he  lcep  a mouse do but stir, or the 
blow, a cement clatte tt's the vain, OEere he is: by his good-will no 
n a soe ber, lute ber, speak with ber, she shal[ hot go forth of 
sight, so much  to do ber needs. Wo  bot. a7çus, &a Argus 
t so keep  cow, that watchl dragon the lden fleece, or Cerbe the 
tmhg  of he  he keeps h wffe. If a de friend or near kman 
corne  guet to  hoe, to it m, he wl never let hlm be out of 
o Eght and company, ]est, peradventure, &c. If the necessity of 
bhs be such that he mt go om home, he doth either lock ber up, or 
commit hoe with a de of injunctio and protestations fo me trusty frieuds, 
lim and ber he  and brins to ove : one sent  t in his absence 
to waWh another, and ail to oboee h wif d yet ail t w hot oerve, 
thoh  bushs ho very gent, he will when he  hag way corne 
agah  all po h» e om supper, or at dnight, and be ne, and 
omimes ]cave  busins undone, and as a stranger court h own wife 
vome gd habit. Though the be no danger af a, no OEuse ofspicion, 
he ve  such a place, where I hersoE cod hot be dhonest ff she 
woul y he suspects ber  mu  if she were  a bawdy-house, some 
prhoEs coin% or  a common n, where aH come ght bave ee accès. 
l[e  ber on a sudden all to nought, she is a stpet, a light houwif a 
bitS,  t whore. No peuion, no proton OEn dive t pion, 
notngeem, sece orvettio Itmoststrantopo 
wt outr acts by men and women bave en comtd h t d, by 
2 



12 Zove-,lrdanchJy. [Pa. 3. Sec. 3. 

women especlally, tbat will run after their husands into all places and com- 
panies, tas Jovianus Pontanus's wi£e did by him, follow him whithersoever he 
went, it matters hot, or npon what business, raving like Juno in the tragedy, 
miscalling, cursing, swearing, and mistrusting every one she sees. Gomesius 
in his third book of the Life and I)eeds of Francis Ximenius, sometlme arch- 
bishop of Toledo, bath a strange story of that incredible jealousy of Joan 
queen of Spain, wife to king Phillp, mother of Ferdinand and Chaxles the 
Fffth, emperors; when ber husband Philip, either fur that he was tired with 
his wife's jealousy, or had some great business, went into the Low Countrles: 
she was so impatient and rnelancholy upon his departure, that she would scarce 
eat ber meat, or converse with any man; and though she were with chi]d, the 
season of the year very bad, the wind against ber, in all baste she vould to 
sea after him. leither Isabella ber queen mothe; the archbishop, or any 
other friend could persuade ber to the contrary, but she would ai'ter him- 
SVhen she was now corne into tho Low Countries, and -]indly entertained by 
ber husband, she could not contain herself, "gbut in a rage tan upon a yellow- 
haitd wench," with whom she suspected ber husband tobe naught, "cut off 
ber hair, did beat ber black and blue, and so eh-agged ber about." Itis an 
ordinary thing for women in such cases to scmtch the çaces, slit the noses of 
cuch as they snspect; as Henry the Second's importune Juno did by losa- 
mond at SVoodstock: for she complains in a  modern poet, she scarce spake, 
 But files wlth eager fui T to my face. I So fell she on me In outrageous wi$e, 
Offering me moet unwomanly dLsgrac. [ As could dilain and Jalomy devi.  
Look how a tigrea% 
Or if it be so they date hot or cannot execute any such tyranrdcal injustice, 
they will miscal], rail and revile, bear them deadly hate and malice, as 
iTacitus observes, "The hatd ef a jealous woman is inseparable againt 
such as she suspects." 
• 'k l'ua vis ffammoe tumldlque ventl | "IVlds, weapons, flarnes nake hot uch hurl¥-buxl¥, 
Tanta, nec teli metuenda torti, | As ang omen tmn ail topsy-turvy." _ 
Quanta chm cou viduata toedls 
I 
Ardet et odit. 
So did Agrippina by Lollia, and Calphurnla in the days of Claudius. But 
women are suflïciently curbed in such cases, the rage of nen is more 
eminent, and frequently put in practice. See but vith xvhat rigour those 
jealons husbands tyrannise over their Foot wives. In Greece, Spain, Italy, 
Turkey, Africa, Asia, and generally over all those hot countries, l]rulieres 
vestrce trra vestroE, arate sicz vtis, ]Iahomet in his Alcoran gives this power 
to men, your wives are as your land, till them, use them, entreat them fair or 
tbul, as you will yourselves, u.[ecato.r leye du'd vivuz mulieres, they lock 
them still in their bouses, wldch are so many prLsons to them, will surfer 
nobody to corne at them, or their wives to be seen abroad,ec campos 
licea¢ lustrare iae»tes. They must hot so ranch as look out. And ff they be 
great persons, they bave eunuchs to keep them, as the Grand Seignior among 
the Turks, the Sophies of Persia, those Tararian Mogors, and Kings of China. 
Ynfate ¢rtasculos castran inzumeros t 'egl ervn, saithnliccius, ';they 
geld innumerable infants" to tds lurpose; the King of °China "maintains 
10,000 eunuchs in his family to keep his wives." The Xeritîes of ]3arbary 
keep their courtezans in such a strict manner, that if any man corne but in 
sight of them he dies for it; and if they chance to see a man, and do hot 
instantly ery ont, though from ther windows, they must be put to death- The 
Turks bave I know hot how many black, deformed eunuchs (ibr the white serve 
Ant. DiaL $Rabie ¢oneepta, ¢.sarlem abrat, Imelloeqe m|rabillter Intans fa¢em vbitnms edavlt. 
$ Danlek IAnnaL lib. 12. Princili mulieri gelotypoe et in alia mulieres qua mpect habet, odmm 
inseparablls, k Seneca in Medes. 1 Aie.otan cap. BovL% interprete Ricardo pr. c. 8. Conflltationi- 
m Pluttm. 



bfem. 2.] yrnon of 3eo, 643 

for other ministeries) to this purpose sent commonly from Egypt, deprived in 
their childhood of ail their privities, and brought up in the seraglio at Con- 
stantinople to keep their wives ; which are so pemaed up they may not confer 
with any living man, or conversë with younger women, bave a cucumber or 
carrot sent into them for their diet, but sliced, for fear, &a, and so lice and 
are lef alone to their unchaste thoughts all the days of their lices. The vul- 
gar sort of vomen, if at any timo they corne abroad, which is very seldom, t 
visit one another» or go to their baths, are so covered, that no man can sec them, 
as the marrons were in old Rome, leetica sut selld tec recto, so p Dion and 
Seneca record, Vdatæ totæ icedunt, which q Alexander ab Alexandro relates 
oï the Parthians, lib. 5. cap. 2L which, with Andreas Tiraquellus his com- 
menCator, I rather think should be uuderstood of Persians. I bave not yet 
saLd ail, they do not only lock them up, sed et pudendis seras adhibent: hear 
what Bembus relates l/b. 6. of his Venetian history, of those inhabitants that 
dwell about Quiloa in Afica. Zusitani, n(luit , quorundam civitates adierunt, 
qui natis statt» foemi,is naturam consuunt, quoad urinve exitus ne im]9ediatur, 
eas9ue 9uum adoleverit sic consutas in matrimonium collocant, ut sponsi prinu 
cura sit conglutSatas puelloe oras ferro iuterscindere. In some parts of Greece 
af this day, like those old Jews, they will not believe their wives are honest, 
nisi panuum mstruatum prima notre videant : our countryman Sands, in 
his peregrination» saith it is severely observed in Zazynthus, or Zante ; and 
I.eo Afer in his time at Fez» in/kfrica, non credunt virgi«em esse nisl videant 
sanguùwa. mappam ; si non» ad parentes pudore ric[tu'. Those sheets are 
publicly shown by their parents, and kcpt as a sign of incorrupt vrginity. 
The Jews of old exami,ed their maids ex tenui membrana, called Hymen» 
which Laurentius in his anatomy, Columbus, lib. 12. cap. 16. Capivaccius, 
lib. 4. cap. 11. de uteri qèctibus, Vincent, Alsarius Genuensis, çuoesit. noE. 
vent. 4. Hieronymus h[ercurialis, consult. Ambros. Paret, Julius Coesar Çlau- 
dinus, Respons. 4. as that also de ruptura venarum ut sanguis.fluat, copiously 
confute; "ris no sufficient trial they contend. nd yet others again defend 
it, Gaspar Bartholinus, Institut. Auat. llb. 1. cap. 31. Pinoea of Paris, Alber- 
tus Magnus de secret, roulier, cap. 9 & 10, &c., and think they speak too much 
in favour of women. *Ludovicus Boncialus, l/b. 2. vap. 2. muliebr, naturalem 
illam uteri labiorum constrivt&nem, in qud virginitatem consstere volunt, astr5- 
gent[bus medivinis .fieri posse vendicut, e si de.florat sint» astutoE UmuKeres 
( irgluit) nos fallunt in hs. I der A]sarius Crucius Genuensis iisdem fer$ verbis. 
Id¢ra Avicenna, lib. 3./'en. 20. Tract 1. cap. 47.  Rhasis, Coninent. lib. 2L 
1)mdericus à Castro, de nat. mul. lib. 1. cap. 3. An old bawdy nurse in Yris- 
toeneta, (like that Spanish Cœelestina»  quoe quinque mille virgies fecit 
mulieres, totidernu mulleres arla sus vlrgines) when a fair maid of her 
acquaintance wept and ruade ber moan fo ber» how she had been deflowered, 
and now ready to ho married, was afraid if would be perceived, comfortably 
replied, Voli vereri, filia, &c. "Fear hot, daughter l'Il teach thee a trick to 
help if." 5'ed hœec extra callem. To what end are all those astlogical ques- 
tions, an sh virgo, an sit cazta, an sit roulier? and such strange absurd triala 
in Alberta Magnus, Bap. Porta, l]lag, lib. 2. cap. 21. in Wecker. lib. 5. de 
secret, by stones, perfumes, to make them plss, and confess I know not what 
in their sleep; some jealous brain was the first founder of them. And fo what 
passion may we ascribe those severe laws againstjealousy, JVum. v. 14, Adul- 
tcrers, Deut. esT. x:ii, v. 22. as amongst the ]ebrews, amongst the Egyptiana 



[Part. 3. Sec. 3. 

(read aBohemus, l. 1. c. 5. de mot. gen. ofthe Carthagnlans, cep. 6. of Turks, 
lib. 2. cap. I I.) among.»t the Athenians of old, Italians af this day, wherein 
they are to be severely puuished, eut in pieces, burned, vivl-combm.io, buried 
alive, with several expurgations, &c., are they not as so many symptoms of 
incredible jealonsy  we may say the saine of those resta1 rirons that fetched 
•vater in a aieve, as Tatia did in Rome, anno ab urb. condit 800, beforo 
senators; and bEmilia, virgo innocer, that tan over hot irons, as Emma, 
Edward the Confessor's mothcr did, the king himself being a spectator, with 
the like. Vre read in NicephorUs, that Chunegunda the wife of Henricns 
Bavarus emperor, suspected of adu]tery, iniulaa adu[terii ler igitos 
Twre illozsa ranif, trod upon red hot cou]rets, and had no harm: such another 
story we find in P, egino, lib. 2. In Aventinus and Sigonius of Charles tho 
Third and his wfe Richarda, An. $87, that was so purged with hot irons. 
Paunias saith, that he was once an eye-witness of such a miracle at Diana's 
temple, a maid without any harm at all walked upon burning coah. Pins 
Secund. in his description of Europe, c. 4 relates as much, that it wa com- 
r, only practied at Diana's temple, for women to go barefoot over hot coa], to 
try their honesties: Plinins, Solinus, and many woEters, male mention o" 
 Geronia's temple, and Dionysins Halicarnassus, lib. 3. of ]Hemnon's statue, 
'hlch were used to this purpose. Tatins, lib. 6. of Psn his cave (much 
v]d St. Wilfrid's needle in korkshire), wherein they did use to try maids, 
«whether they were honest; when Leucippe went in, avlasmus exudb'i 
»onus cce}i: kutin  civ. Dei, lib. I0. c. 16. relates maay such examples, ail 
vhich Lavate» d« svecr, par. I. cap. 19. contends to be done by the illusion of 
dcvils; though Thomas, uces. 6. c potentd, &c., ascribes it to good angels. 
Some, saith OAustin, compel their wives to swear they be honest, as if perjury 
were a fesser ain than adu]tery; fsome consu]t oracles, as ])hoerus that blind 
-king of E-ypt. O thers reward, as those old Romans uscd fo do; if a woman 
were contented with one man, Corona pudiciliv¢ donabatur, she had  crown 
of chastity bestowed on ber. When all this will not serve, saith Alexander 
Ga,uinus, cap. 5. d¢scrp$. Muscoviev, tho hIuscovites, if thcy suect their 
wi,es, will beat them till they confess, and if that will no avaS1, like thos 
wild Irish, be divoreed at their pleasttres, or else knock them on the heads, 
as the old s Gauls have done in former ages. Of this tyTanny of jealousy read 
more in Parthenius, rot. cap. 10. Camerarlus, cap. 53. lwr. subc/s, et cent. 2. 
cal». 34. Cmlia's epistlcs, Tho. Cha2oner d repub. Ang. lib. 9. Arlosto, lib. 31. 
stsse 1. Fœelix Platerus, observa2, l/b. 1. &c. 

]L[EMB. III. 
l'ognscs of ffealousy, Des2ai" , Madness, o  away tmselv a ores. 
THosE wch are je, most pa, if they be hot othee reHeve 
" proceed om spicion to tred, om hatred to e, ma, 
urder d de." 
"1 A pe  whose most damnable effe I y hlch a man  madne near  g 
Divem  deep dr  e bave sough   we  ul  -ith ]t . 
In their mae many tes, saith k Vives, they mae away themse]v and 
otheoE Which duceth Cypan to call if, Fœecundam et miplicempn,. 
Jbt$ cladium et semnarium tum, a tf mlsceÇ the sea of 
 Ql mu vlola,s  execabanç e mille r daban b om Ha   uden$ 
Femnia :ueo. Virg. d lsmene w  ffi by Diana's weH,  wbl m did m, unc we 
ro, EustmhiuN lib.   Con end  oees 21 cap.  P  re pa  
per deceiu orum cont de s pci HerooE Eu g Cr,    Ga 
toe niMue In or habuet potta h 1 dolo  1o  ufius 
dememes dt. Ak. commenL in p. a Ga]t. i 1o, Hb. 3L ataoE  k 3 de 



offences, and fountain of murders. Tragical examples are too common in thi 
kind, both new and old, in ail ages, as of ICephalus and Procris, Phoerus of 
Egypt, Tereus, Atreus, and Thyetes. nAlexander Phœereus waù murdered 
of his wife, oh 19clli, ca$ds sustiionera , Tully saith. Antoninus Verus was sa 
ruade away by Lucilla; Demetrius the son of Antigonus, and Nicanor, by 
their wives, tterculespoisoned byDejanira,°Coecinna murderedbyVespasiaL 
Justina, a Roman lady, by ber husband. PAmestris, Xerxes' wife, becausv 
she round ber husband's cloak in Masista's bouse, cut off h[asista, his wife'- 
paps, and gave them to the dogs, flayed ber besides, and cu off ber ears, lips, 
tongue, and slit the nose of Artaynta ber daughter. Out late w»iters are ful! 
of auch outrages. 
qPaulus 2Emilius, in his history of F'ance, bath a tcal story of Chil- 
pericus the First his death, ruade away by Ferdemmde his queen. In a jealous 
humour he came from huntin& and stole behind his wife, as she was dressi» 
and combing her head in the sun, gave ber a familiar touch with his wand, 
which ahe mistaking for her loyer, said, "Ah Landre, a good kuight shoul,l 
strike before and hot behind :" but when she sav¢ herse|f betrayed by 
presence, she instantly took order fo make him away. Hierome Osorius, 
his eleventh book of the deeds of Emanuel King of Portugal, to this effect 
hath a tr:tgical narration of one Ferdinandus Chalderia, that wounded Gothe- 
rinus, a noble countryman of his, at Gon in the East Indies, "rand cut offono 
of his legs, for that he looked as he thought too familiarly npon his wife, which 
was afterwards a cause of many quarrels, and much bloodshe&" Guianeriu. 
cap. 36. d oegriSud, qna$r, speaks of a silly jeulous fellow, that seeing his child 
new-born included in a canl, thought sm'e a Fmnciscan that used to corne to 
his house, was the father of it, if was so like the friar's cowl, and thereupon 
threateaed the f4ar to kill him: Fulgosus of a woman in larbonne, that cut 
off ber husband'- privities in the night, because she thought he played 
with hcr. The st,ry of Jouuses Bassa, and ir hlanto his wife, is vel| 
known to such as bave read the Turkih history; and that of Joan of Spin, 
of which I treated in my former section. Her jealousy, saith Gomesius, was 
the cause of both theh- deaths: King Phi]ip d]ed for grief a little after, as 
tMartin his physician gave it out, "and she for ber part after a melanch»ly 
discontented liie, misspent in lurking holes and cornera, ruade an end of ber 
miseriea" 'oelix tlat«r, in the first book of his obseTations, hath many such 
instances, of a lhysician of his acquaintance, "Uthat wa first mad throuh 
jealousy, and afterwards desperate : of a merchant " that killed his wife in 
the saine humour, and after precipitated himself:" of a doctor of law that 
eut off his man's nose : of a painter's wii in Basil, anno 1600, that 
mother ot niue children and had been twenty-seven years man'ied, yet after- 
wards jealous, and so impatient that he became desperate, and would neither 
eat aor drink in her own house, for fear ber huband should poison ber. 'Tin 
a common sign this; for when once the humours are stirred, and the imagina- 
tion misaffected, it ill vary itself in divers forms; and many such aburd 
sympfoms will accompany, even madness itself. kenkius observa$, lib. 4. cap. 
1Hygna, cap. I 9. Ovld, &¢ m Phoers, gYPtI tex* de OEcRate °ra¢ulum c°nsulena visnm ci rediturum 
• ,,cpt t OEuh3s abluigï, et lotio 11ulleis qu allorum vlroum eset expers; u.xo2s urinarn xpertua nhil 
proEcit, et aliarum frustra, ena ornles (en egcepta per quam curatu.s fuit) unum in locum coactaa cnc;e- 
rnavit. Herod. Euterlx n O]c. ltb. 2. oAm-elius Victor. P Herod. lib. 9. n t'alliope. laaiœe 
axorem excarnificat, mer-lilas proescindit, casque cabus abjicit, filiœe aares prscindil, iabra, linguam, 
q Lih t. Dura forn,e curandoe iltenta capilluln in ole pectil, & rn&rito per lusum le'Rer Iercu 
tupervelente vlrga, riu subol'o, mi Landicc dizit, frcntem ir utts petet &c. fgrito cos lc¢to attouitg: 
cure Landreo m, in zjus mortem conspi¢ah et statim inter venandum etI]cit, rqus Goœe tt.xorem Iabea 
6otherinum iriellem UuenOam Vivam qul uxorae oeulos sdjecisset, lngentl vnet 
et tibtam abscilit, tmde n,atu e..le& Eo quod infns narus involutua esaet panniculu, ¢redebgt 
filium fstrla  ncisci, &c. g gelotypla reginœe regis r.ortem accelersvit paulo post, ut larianu medieu.s 
n,hl retullt, llla autm atza bile ild¢ exaitata bi latebra e aubdu©ens pr 



6.16 . Love.lelancol 9. [Part. 3. Sec. 3. 
de Utr. bath an example of a jealous woman that by th me•us haoE my 
fits of the mother: and in his fit book of some tt thuh jealoy tan 
mad : of a bsker that geided mself Vo t h ws houesty» . Such 
exampl are too commo 
MEMB. . 
SUBS. I.Cue  Jy ; by OEvoldlng oecas, no    : good 
cel;  conn ifi ot  wch  ck  up : o dse il, 'c. 
As of aH other melancholy, me dbt whether this oey may be 
or no, they think 't like the Sgout, or Switrs, whom we oeonly 1 
Valloons, those ed le, ff onoe they te ion of a ce, they OEn 

never be got out. 
"Qui timet ut su it, ne quls slb[ snbtr&hat iii•m, 
Ille Machaoni& vix opo alvus erit." 

"• Thls Is the cruel wound agalnst whoqe smart. 
o liquor'a force prevails, or any platster, 
lo skil| of slars, no depth of makc art, 
Devised by tit grest ¢lerk Zoroater, 
A wotmd that so infecte the soul l|d 
As aB our eense and rea.on Iv doth ma.ter: 
.A wound whose pang and orment  eo durable 
A• tt may rlghtly ealed be incurabl« °* 
Yet whaV I haw former]y said ofother raelancholy, I wi]] y •gain, iV may ho 
cured or mitigated at leat by some contrary paion, good counel and persua- 
sion, if iV be withstood in the beginning, rnaturdy ressted, and as 
ancients hold, "athe ails of iV be pared before they grow too long." 
better means vo resist or repel it than by avoiding idleness, Vo be still serlouly 
busied about some matter of importance, Vo drive out those vain fears, foolish 
fntasies and irksorne suspicions out of hi head, and then to be peruaded by 
hi judicious ffiends, Vo give ear te their good course| and advice, and wisêly 
to consider, how rnuch he dicredits himself, his frlends, dihonours hischildren, 
di.graceth hi fmtly, publiheth his shme, and a a trumpeter of his own 
xrdsery, divulgeth, maeerates, grieves himself and others: what an argument 
of weakness iV is, how absurd a thing in its own nature, how ridicu]ous, hw 
btish a pas.ion, how ottish, how odious; fr as Hierome well bath iV, 
Odim sui face, et ipse novlss/nt ibi odio es, others haro him, and at lazt he 
hates hiraself for iV; how harebrain a diseae, rnvA and furious. If he will 
bnt hear them speak, no doubt he may be cred, eJoan, queen of Spain, of 
v¢ltom I bave formerly spoken,mder pretence ofchnging r wa sent Vo Com- 
plutum, or Aie•da de la Henera, where Ximenius the archbishop of Toledo 
then lived, that by his good cotmsel (as for the present he waz) she rnight be 
eased. " For a dease of the sou], if concea]ed, torttLres and overturns iV, 
and by no phyic can sooner ho rernoved than by a dicreet man's cornfortble 
speeche." I w]] hot here insert any conso]atory sentences Vo this prpose, or 
forestll any man's invention, but le•ve iV every one to dilate and arnpoEy as ]30 
shall third« fi in hisown judgznen: let hirn dve with Siracides, coEp. 9. 1. 
"e hot jealous over the wife of thy bo$om ;" read that cornfortable and l»ithy 
speech to this pmTse of Ximenius, in the author himselt as iV is recoE-ded 
Gomesius; consult with Chaloneï, lib. 9. de felmb. Ango'. or Cœelia in ber 
epitles, &c. Only this  will add, that if iV be coidered aright, which 
causeth this jealous passion, be iV just or unjut, vhether with or witho 
cause, true or çalse, iV oght noç eo heinoly Vo be taken; 'ti no such real or 
capital natter, that iV should make so deep a wond. 'Ti a blow that 
hot, an isenible smart, grounded rnany rimes upon falepicon a]one, and 
o fostered by a sinister conceit. " she be hot dishonet, he troubles and 
• ToUere uodostm neclt medlcina pod•ffram, • Arlosto, llb. 31. etaoE t Veter¢ matm 
unffues amorls ese radendo, priusqukm prodncant se niml b In Joviannm. e Comeitts, hb. & de 
reb. £estis XlmeniL d Urit enim proecordia segritudo anm! eompre.«a, et in gngustit abducla ,ntegn 
|ubvertt, nec allo medlcamtne facilius erigitur, quarn cordati homtnis sermon« 



macerates himself without a cause; or put case which s the wors, he be a 
cuckold, it canner be helped, the more he stirs in it, the more he aggravatcs his 
own misery. How much better were it in such a case te dissemble or coutemu 
if  why should that be fcared which canner be r«dressed ? nzd tandu 
posuerunt (saith o Vives) quum fleti maritos  poss vident, many womerb 
when they see there is no remedy, bave beeu pacified; and shall mea be mor 
jealous than women? 'Tis seine comîort in such a case te have companions, 
bblame misers socios ibuse dolors; Vho caa say he is free Vho can 
assure himself he is net one de proeterio, or secure himself defturo  If it 
ere his case alone, it were hard; but being as it is almost a common cala- 
mity, 'ris net se grievously te be taken. If a man bave a lock, vhieh every 
man's key will open» as weil as his own, why should he think te keep if private 
te lfiaaself In seine countries they make nothing of it, ne noM/es uidem, saith 
tLeo Afer, in many parts of Africa (if she be past tburteen) there's net a noble- 
man that marries a maid, or that bath a chaste wife; 'tis se commoŒE; as the 
mooŒE gives horns once a month te the world, de they te their husbands ai 
least. And 'tis most part taae which that Caledonian lady, gAetocovus, a 
British prince's wife, told Julia Augusta, when she took her up for dishonesty, 
" We B4tons are naught ai least with seine few ehoice men of the better sort, 
but yon Romans lie with every base knave, you are a eompany of common 
whores." Severus the emperor in his time ruade laws for the restraint of this 
vice; andas hDion Xlicoens relates in h2s ]Jfe, trict tillict toechorum, three 
thousand cuckold-makers, or natttroe monetam adulterantes, as Philo calls them, 
fa. lse coiners, and clippers of nature's money, were summoned into the court ai 
onca And yet, 2Vert omnem molilor quce.fluit undam videt "the railler secs net 
all the water that goes by his mill:" no doubt, but, as in out days, these were 
of the commonalty, ail the grcat ones were net se much as called in question 
for if. i]Iartial's Epram I suppose might bave been general]y applied in 
those licentious rimes, Omnict solus habes, &c., thy goods, lands, money, witst 
arethine own, b'xorent sed ]tabes, Cndhle, cure populo; but neighbour Candidus 
your wife is common : hasband and cuckold in that age if seems were recipro- 
cal terres; the emperors themselves did wearActœeon's badge; how many 
Coesars might I reckon up together» and what a catalogue of cornutcd kings 
and princes in every story? gamemnon ]Ienelaus, Phillippus of Grcece» 
Ptolomeus of /Egypt, Lucullus, Cœesar, Pomlius , Cato, Augustus, Antonius» 
Antoninus, &c., that wore fait plumes of bull's feathet in their crests. The 
bravest soldiers and most heroical spirits could net avoid iç. They have been 
active and Fassive in this business, they have eithcr g[ven or taken horus, 
k King Arthur, whom we call one ofthe nine worthies, ibr ail his great valour 
was unworthily served by Mordred, one of his round-table -lmigh$s: and 
Guithera or Helena Alba, his fait wife, as Leland interprets it, was an arrant 
honest woman. Parcerezn l/benter (saith mine author) Herolnarum lvesoe 
jestat, s non htooe veritas aurem ve{vare, I could willingly ink at a 
fair lady's faults, but that I ara beund by the laws of history te tell the truth ". 
against his will, God knows, did he write it, and se de I repeat it. I speak 
net of out rimes ail this while, we bave good, honest, vrtuous men and women, 
hom me, zeal, fear of God, religion and superstition contains-" and yet for 
all that, we bave many knights of this order, se dubbed by their wives, many 
good women abuscd by dissolute hasbands. In seine places, and such persons 
yeu may as seon enjein them te carry water in a sieve, as te keep themselves 

e3 De snlm- fLib. 3 S Argetocozl, C$ledonlI regull or, Joe Aa m 
houoetè vee, rude nos cu oçù  consuetae , vos Rom autem 
m homin oenspra h Leg de moec fi ex OEvib pl  J vtl. I  & Epg. 2. 
Aer. ; prem libent hero  met  non o vert 



648 Love..k¢daacobj" [Part. 3. Sec. 3. 
hon at shall a man do now 
hadi how shaH he be ed By sng a divorce t  hd to be effoed: 
  c, , caO, th ca the tr so cugly, tat thoug if ha 
 oemmon  simony,  cicr and 
yet t nnot be edently proved, or they ey en 
have a ve oeus fo wah» or th tha o pth ail de t and 
U 
 Ne  Caduoes 
dam Ceo oecbem vd  
« sho  hardly  surpred by ber husband, be ho never so wary." uch 
betr th fo put if up: the more he striv 
own shame: make a vue of neity» aud oenceal it. Y but the world 
tak notice of it, 't in eve mas mouth : let them  eir ple, of 
whom speak thcy not  th noe From the hlght to the lowt th are 
th ceed ail: thm-e  no remedy then but patience. It may be 't h 
own çt» and he bath no on  oempi 'tis qu o q, she is b, ho 
is woe: "ntnk thyse hast thou hot done  much for some of thy 
neighbours? why dost thou reqe tha¢ of thy wff which thou t hot per- 
lbrm thyseff] Thou rgt like a town bul why mi tu so inoend ff sha 
tread a'y " 
"• Be [t that e won br c wcdlock's She 
law d 
And leaves her husband and bom  : Who 
Yet oemmonly it is hot 'lzhout cau 
he  hçr m  s her go  wt nd se love crave lov e  lika" 
a semp stut, saith « Nenpar 
eau. And therefore,  well oeveth Simcid cap. ix. 1. "tch ber not an 
cvil lesn against thyse" wch  Jansenius, Lnus, on h xt, and 
Chianus interpret»  no other to be undemod than that e do thee 
hot a mceL I do hot exc her  accusing thee; but ff both be naught, 
ntend thyseff t; for as the old ying , a goed husband makes a go wif 
Yea but thou repfiest. 't hot the like rn txt man and wom, 
iough ber fault my chilien are brds» I may hot ende it; rSit aru- 
lenta, sit imposa, odiga, &c. Let her soeld, bmwÇ and spend, [ care hot, 
wd3 st casta, so she  honest, I 
may hot, I will hot; « my faith, my faine, te eye muet hot 
he diverb , N tilur tactum ]hma,, ou$. I say the saine of my 
wife, uch alÇ use , take all but ia I acowledge that of neoE to 
be true» Nuius b junda pssio 
the pion ofanygoed thing thout a compaon, t only exced, I y 
T/ds. d why t Even ts which thou so much abhoest, if may  for 
thy pmgeny's goe atter  any m's n than the, 
]rus, oer Seius. or me Ievi, the wn sweherd's, a shepherd's son: 
and we is he, that like Herces he hath y two theml ïor thou thyoelf 
ht radventure more des an a hoe, more rti of dy d 
mind, a mnkered uÇ crabbed condition, make the wot of 
vuln insanab,  ln ib,  it  cable, m it is iible. 
But a thou sure it is so tr agit il tu "doth he so ddZ" It may 
he thou a over-suspicion, and thout a cae 
' part, born af eight mont, or e , d , they fondly meoE he 
got it; ff she sp or ]augh mily th such or such men, then prently 
she  naught with them; such is thy weakne: wher chaty» o a wel- 
poeed d, would teret  to the bt. St. Fc» by choe g 
lnduigns ti  ab uxore exils qu non ip prP Plnt. o V libie c I qu.ils 
rtla c 8i ei modic  abet i IP 
nu:  Lcm  4.  13. de L nat. m. 



Mcm. 4. Sttbs. 1.] Cure of £eaj. 649 
a friar fmilia-ly kissing another man's wifc, was so çr om misconcciving 
that he prently led down and thaed God there w so much chity 
Ictt: but tlwy on the other side w cbe nothing m natural ca, indge 
othing to famiHarity, mutual society, endship ; but out of a sinter su 
picion, prntly lock them clo, watch them, tnkg by those mea 
privent ail such conveenc, that's the way to lp it ; wher by such 
tricks they do 'avate the miscefi 'T but in v  wah that wch 
will ay. 
.. u Noe etodi si relit uHa te; ] " None n  kt resng for her pa ; 
Nec mentem rvare N Iicet omn ees; ] Though y  kept clo withln ber hea 
Omntb excl t adr erit." Advou lurks, t' exclude It therc's no art." 
A'g, with a hdxd eyes ot koep ber, e hu u soep fii «mot, 
a lit x At'oto. 
u If aH out h were ey, yet re they d 
We hba of o wives ehod be bcayeoE '" 
Hierome holds, Ur imd s  pot,  
c«ss c« es csi, to what end  a your custody I  honest 
woman OEnnot be kept,  honni woman ought aot  e kept, neoessÆty 
keeper hot to be tted. c iu, uodp[u amont; that wch 
any covet, OEn har]y be prerve as y Eisbue tks. I ara of 
Eu SylOE mind, "z Those jo Itns do very i  lk up the 
svives ; fox" women are of such a dissition, they wl most covet that wch 
is deuied ost» nd od lst when they bave free erLy to esps." 
is in vain to lock ber up if s e dihonest ;  tyr«num imum, as our 
great [r. Atot]e oeils it, too tan a tk, most unfit : fr when he 
perceives ber hand ob ber and vusçec, loEp«c, ith a e- 
nns, b'oc Ztypo di ux c] ato, se  experateoE 
eeks by 1 mea  vindicte hee, and  tereforo offend, becue 
is unjttstly tscted. The bt coue then is to let tm bave the@ o 
w], give them free libey, thout y 
"In vain our fHends from this do us deho 
For buty woE  where  most rrt" 
f she be honest  Lucret to Coatus, Laoa  Protcsila, Peneloçe 
to her Ulyss, she wil]  oentinue ber honor, goed ne, croit, 
cojuz semi»er UlysÆ o ; "I h always e Penelope the we of Uly." 
tt]  POC[aS' wife, n e ]utarc» ced ber husbd "ber alth, treasure, 
wo-ltl, joy, dg]tç» orb and spher » he w e. The vow she ruade unto 
her d man ; love, virtue, lion, z],  better keee th  thoso 
locks, eunuchs, pro ; se w hot be oved : 
" At mlhl vel tell optera prl ia delat, ] tt Firs I degre e h 
Aut pater omnipons igat me fmine ad umbras, [ Belote I ola mine 
Paloent umbr Erebi, nmque profunda, Or thunder om above ve me to 
At, pudor qm te violem, aut tJa olv" WioE ose e ghos d ugly gh to dwelL" 
She h reso]ved with Dido to be cte; though ber hband be Fh she w 
be true : and  Octav wxt to ber tony, 
« eese valls that here o keepe et of g 
ShaH keep me  unotted to the 
And ty that I will do OEee gh 
l'Il never   ho, on thon ame me 
Tu ber ]oese fo ail those Tans and Sat, she w hot 
the tine of Valence the Emror, saith fSt. At, one Archim, 
of Atioch, oflèred a hed ds of gold W a ir young wffe, d ides 
to set ]er huband free, who w then b«vmd sd, a dark pner, 
l»ro unius noct concuitu: but the chate matx'on od hOt cept of if. 
u Ovid. amor. l]b. & eleg. 4 . XLib. 4.  7. Pollt. I. 8. e. 11. oç. SEu et Lt 
Çu, uxore occluduoç meoJudicio minus utHter ciunt; st en eo eo mies ut 
cnpi% quod mimb deatur; slD habent hab mlnus dvquçnt; 
on çit sne ca • Quando cot I h veere. u Anlus. 
re:md:tre suum, thurum suttm, &OE d Vlrg.  ¢Diel. fl de serra. 



650 Lov-Mdanchd:l. [Par. 3. Sec. 

When Ode eommended Theana's fine arm to his fellows, she took him up 
short, " Sir, 'tisnot common :" she is wholly reserved to ber husband, hBilia 
had an old man to her spouse and lais breath stunk, so that nobody could 
abide it abroad æ "coming home one day he reprehended lais wife» because she 
did hot tell him of it : she vowed unto him, she had told him» but she though 
every man's breath had been as strong as hiz." tTigranes and Armena lais 
lady were invited to supper by King Çyrus -" when they OEme home, Tigranes 
aked his wife, how she liked Çyrus, and what she did especially commend in 
him  "she swore she did not observe hlm ; when he t.eplied again, what 
then she did observe, whom she looked on She ruade anwer, ber husband, 
that said he would die for ber sake. » Such are the properties and conditions 
of good women : and if she be weil glven, she wiil so carry herself; if other- 
wie she be naught, use ail the meaus thou canst, she will be naught. 2Vor, 
dees annus sed corruptor, she bath so many lies, excuses, as a hare bath 
muses, tricks, panders, bawds, shifts, to deceive, "tis to no purpose to keep ber 
up, or to reclaim ber by hard usage. "Fait means peradventure may do 
somewhat." kObs¢(luio rinces altius ipsetuo, lIen and women are both in a 
predieament in this behal so sooner won, and better paeied. Duei volun, 
o eogi: though she be as arrant a eoid as Xntippe, as cruel as Medea, as 
clamorous as Heeuba, as lustful as lIessalina, by sueh means (if at ail) she 
may be reformed. Many patient Grizels, by their obsequiousness in this 
kind, bave reelaimed their husbands from their wandering lusts. In Nova 
Francia and Turkey (as Leah, laehel, and Sarah did to Abraham and Jaeob) 
they bring their fairest damsels to their husbands' beds ; Livia seconded the 
lustful appetites of Augustus : Str«toniee, wife to King Diotaxaxs, did hot only 
bring Eleera, a fait maid, fo ber good man's bed, but brought up the ehildren 
begot on hex; as earefully as if they had been ber own. Tertius Emiliuz' wife, 
Cornelia's mother, pereeiving ber husband's intemperanee, rent dissimulavit, 
ruade mueh of the maid, aud would take no notice ofit. new-married man, 
when a piekthank friend of his, to curry favour, had showed him his wife, 
tuniliar in private with a younggallant, eourting and dallying, &e. Tush, said 
lte, let him do his worst, I dare txast my wife, though I dare no tru.t him. 
The best remedy then is by fait" means; if that will hot take place, to dissem- 
ble it as I say, or turn it off with a jest : hear Guexerm's adviee in this case 
vel joco excipies, vel silentlo eludes; for ffyou take exceptions at every thing 
your wiïe doth, olomon's wisdom» Hereules' valour, Homer'a learning, 
,»ocmtes patience, Argaas' vilance, will hot serve turm Therefore .Minus 
nalun, ma less mischief, llevisanus holds, disslrulare, to be Cuzarun; 
emptor, a buyer of cradles, as the proverb is, than to be too solicitous, °"A 
good fellow, when his wife was brought to bed belote ber time, bought half a 
dozen of craches beforehand for so many children, as if his wife should con- 
tinue to bear children every two months." PPertinax the Emperor, when one 
told hlm a fiddler was too familiar with bas empress, ruade no reckoning of it. 
/nd when that ]Iacedonian Philip was npbraided with his wife's dishonesty, 
cure to victor regnorum ne populorum esset&c., a conqueror ofkingdoms could 
hot rame his wife {for she thrust him out of doors), he ruade a jest of it. 
.'aloleïztes lortan cornua in pezore, stuli in fronte, saith llevisanus» wise men 
ocar their horns in their hearts, fools on theh- foreheads. Eumenes, king of 
Pergamus, was at deadly feud with Perseus of lIacedonla» insomuch that 

$ 0 qvm form.vus lacerts hic I quidam lnquit ad œequa]es tonus ; af HI pnII, lnquI non est 
 ia Dinu[um vm nem habuit et spitm foetid hanm, quem quum qmdam egprobt  
i  umqd libi, men Tie$ v]de  ulcher  et um, lnq epol, . Xen«»p Copd 
i. • Ovi4E. 1  Peoech'e Tale of Patient GroEei iv. Chanter. m Sitv. nupt. b. 4. um. 80. 
u Emu& o um eplt or ri$-e 8eoEndo a nuptih men.  quln vel » oeem, 
et ! foe nxor einguli$ bimenb parent.  Juli CspRol.   : qum p CioEar or 
dDge mlm curio fuiL 



)Iem. 4. Subs. 1.] Cure of Jea'[ouÆy. 651 
Perseus hearing of a jouey he w te take te Delphos, qset a company of 
oldie te intercept m . psage; they d it congly, and  they 
suppod lef m stoned te death. The news of t fact w brought intly 
 Pergam; Attal, Eumenes' brother, prlimed mself king forthwith. 
ok s8on of the croc, and maied 8tratonice the quoe But by-and- 
by, when congT news w broht, that g Eumene w aHve, and 
cog te the city, he ld by Iris crown, lef s wffe,  a pfivate man wet 
 moet him, and conatulate his retu. Eumenes, though he knew al1 par- 
ticula d, yet dsembling the marrer, khoey embraoed hh brother, and 
toek his wife into hh vour again,  ff no such matter had boen heard of 
delta. Jocundo, in oto, round his wffe in bed with a knave, both leep, 
went h wayg and would net  much  wake them, much 1 reprove them 
for i rAn honest fellow fing in Hke sort his wffe h played False ai 
tables, and borne a man too many, drew hh dagger, d swore if he had net 
tn h very friend, he would have l]ed him. other hearing one h delta 
that for m, which no man deires te be done by a deputy, foowed in a rage 
wiflt his sword drawn, and havg overtaken h, hid adu]tery te hh chage 
the offender hotly puued, confesed if w te ; with wch confon he 
 sathfied, and se lefç m, swearing that ff he hd denied it, he wod 
bave put it up. ow much betr h it te de thé, than te acerate 
impatiently te rave and ge, te enter an action ( Aïnoldus Tius d in the 
court of Toouoe, ainst Iarfin Guee, hh fellow-ler, for that he coun- 
teeited  habit, and w too famiar with his we), se te divulge his own 
shame, and te main for ever a cuckold on record I how much better be 
Cornelius Tacitus than Pub Coutug te ndemn in such caes, or take no 
notice of it  $Ielius sic errate quam Zdotyioe cur, sMth 'asm, se co- 
'e, better be a wittol and put it up, than te trouble himoeff te no purpose. 
d thoh he wiH net noEus do'»tie, be an s,  he is an ex, yt te 
$'ink at it  many de  net amiss ai seine times, in seine cases, te me 
»ties, ff it be for his commodity, or seine great n's sake, his landlord, 
patron, nefactor, (as Calb the oman aith Slutarch did by hloeccnas, 
and Phayus of gos did by ng ip, when he promised h  ooEoe 
on that condioa ho might e with  wffe) and se let it ps: 
" t 1 me hand oenltet, 
Scflicet bo i videre c Jove." 
" if never tmub]es me (sd Amphitrio)   couted by Juœiter, let if net 
mol thee thenj" be fends th ber ; 
• . u Tu m Alcma ore anqm  at 
Redi ' 
" ceive Alcmena te your ace agaln ; let it, I eay, make no brch ol 
]ove tween you. Howoever the best way is te conoEmn it, vhich Hen ] l. 
kg of France vied a courtier of his, jea]ous of hi8 we,and comp]aining 
of ber unchasteness, te reject if, and comfot't self; for he that suspects h 
ffe's incontency, and irs the ope's cul, shall never Hve a me heur, 
or ]eep a quiet night: no remedy but patience. When aH i done accoing 
te that counsel of Yevisanus, si vitim uxois corr[gi n potest, firetdum t : 
ff it may net be he]ped, it must be endured. ate viam et usnete taciti, 
'ris phocl' advice, koep if te thelÇ and whlch Chrysostom c st«am 
p]ti[osoph[oe  mestim gymum,  hooI of œhosophy, ut if up. There 
 no other cure but te te wear if out» lnjuriam emedium t oli»  
q Dlosult atos Çui Ipm tecert; hI protenus mandatnm exuenN  e et x dra, 
et Stratotcem quoe t uupr orem ducit; sed postquam au.vit fraoe ver &c. Aum 
¢omlter eplç pristmque or comple mso honore spud  habuiU r See Jo 
• oEes in 28. book of iosto. ' ator  tFut e  pL u lde x T. Del. 
njaK Freuc Lib. . n. & 



652 Lovoe.oenchobj. [Part. 3. c. 3. 
they had drunk a ught of Lethe in Trophoni' den:  oenclu,]e, e 
bereave ber of if, d re minu, rime and patience mt cnd 
SUE. II.--y « be  af Mage, ]»'s Communy, 
rry a Grn, Phs, Ss,  ma o eq 
OF such meces  conduce fo the cure of t mdy, I bave sufficlently 
tread; there be some goed remedies remaing by way of prevention, pre- 
caution, or admotio, which if righfly practised, may do much goooE 
 h Çoonwt  prevent thh misceç bee, would bave  tgs, 
wives and cdren,  as one: andwhich Çoes  s Çommen oeed 
of the old Britons, tt st inhabited ts lan they b ten or twelve 
wives aotted  such a mfly, or promcuoly to be d by  many men; 
not one to one,  th , or four, rive, or s to one  in Tm-key. The 
Nichot, a st that spmng, sMth Austin, from Nicho the doen, 
would ve women inderent; and the OEuse of t thy sec w Nichol 
the deaoen's jealousy, for whlch when he w oendeed to purge e of 
his offence, he broached his hey, that it w lawful to lie th one other's 
wiv, and for any man  e with ; ]e to the Anabaptists in Ister, 
that wod court with other men's wives  the spirit moved them: or 
Mahomet, the seducing prophet, would needs  women  he lt himoe to 
beget prophets; two hdmd and rive, theh- oemn th, were  love with 
him, and he  able  foy men. Amont the old Çahan, 
e hemus res out of Sablicus, the g of the oeunt T lay with the bride 
the t night, and onoeina year theywent procuoy ail together. Munster 
Cosç. l. 3. cap. 497. ari the benng ofthis bth custom (unjtly) 
fo one Picardus, a Frenchn, that invented a new oect of Adamit  go 
naked  Ad did, and  use promcuo vene af set rimes. en the 
priest mted that of Genes, "Incre and multlply," four wentthe OEndles, 
in the place whe they met, "and thout a rpe of age, peons, condi- 
tions, catch that catch may, every man k ber that came next," &c. ; some 
fasten th on thoee ancient Eohemia and usss: gothers on the iabN 
tants of Mambrium, in the Lucee vaey in Pieont ; and, 
praced  Scotland amont Cstis themselves, til Kg Maloelm's 
rime, the king or the lord of the wn had the maidenhds. 
of hdia in our age, and the ilandcm,  ont the Babyloans of 
old, they ll prostitute the wiv and daughte (wch Chaloeoendfl a 
Grk modem wrir, for want of tr inlgenoe puts npon  Brins) to 
such travefie or afag men  corne amont them by chance,  show 
how r theywere om this feral vice of jealousy, and how tt they 
i The kings of lecut,  d. Yemann rela, wi t touch their 
iv, tfll one of the Biar or high priests bave 1 t wlth them, fo 
mn their wombs. But th Es and [ontts, two strange sec 5 
old, wem  another extreme, they would hOt ma at al or bave any ciety 
with women, "m buse of theintemperance they held them a fo be nanght," 
  T. a L. de herea nm de zele eulpare, gan  cau  fe nf  q veet 
te; quod  ft  ectam i vem  q plet  differen foeminamm. 
b Sleide Coin. e co d cor e et Bibandro. • De mor. gen b. I. p. 6. uu 
re devdoe ebentr, fLum extmet,nee peonoe et oefiœ bi revercn  qu 
que per tenebr di merem cooiU g Lnder Albe F  cunc  oedem 
nveniene post impur confortera, exc I  Venerem k h LoŒEE Vemn 
v.  K cap. 8. et M Pol iik 1.  4 Uxores vtob pro»tnU IDi Blk 
 rit Age  chesm orem benspro$tuit. kHer,,dot.  Eto Mnler Babyloni 
 hopite oentoe oh argm qu  Vea cm mua hk 
p. 4. p o non ini quam  diiore rdoEe no up flora t. m Bhem 
cap. 3. ld nuboee nollent oh mr mtempe n 'vc v  pu 



evisanus the lwyer, [iV. 4. um. 33. sy. nup. would bave hlm that is 
iucHned to t mady, to prevent the wot, may a quean, 
c,  abe alem boni gud n dectur, qu » m 
«'»ingi$ alii». A forctor  Senecu oenstuprated two wenches in u night; 
fiwsatfaction, theone desid  bang him, the other yhioE n ierome, 
ng of Scuse  Sicfiy, poused himseHto itho, keeper of the stews; and 
tolemy took ais a common whore tobe hh wife, had two sons, Lntc 
and  by ber, and one daughr Irene: 'ris therefore no such unkely 
thing. A citizen of Eube geld mself fo t his wff's honesty, 
and to be freed om jealousy; so did a baker in Pil,  the saine innt. 
But of all other predents in th kind, thut of qComb  most memoe 
table; who  prevent his masr's suspicion, for he w a butiful yog 
m, and sent by Seleucus  lord and king, with Stratoce the qun to 
oenduct ber ino Sya, fearing the womt, gelded himself before Le went, nd 
]e h nitals behLnd him in a box sealed up. H mtre by the way fell 
in love with him, but he hot yielding to ber, w accused to S¢leucus of incon- 
tinency ( that Beemphon was  ke e falsely rduced • by Sthenobi 
to ng rætus ber hband, OEn  po8s ad coium inducere), and that bv 
ber, d w themfore at hh eomhg home t into pn; the day of heg 
appoind, he w sufficiently eleared and auitt by showing hh pviti, 
which to the admiration ofthe holders he had iberly cut off. The Lydians 
ud fo ld women whom they suspected, sMth onicus. var. lHst. l. 3. cap. 
4 9.  weH as men. To t purpe, rSaint Froncis, beeause he used to con- 
fess women in privat% to prevent suspicion, and prove himself mMd, stfipped 
hiseH before the ishop of Asse and others : and Friar Lnard for the 
came OEuse went through Virbium in Italy, without any gaents. 
Out Pseudo-cathocs, to help thee inoenvenienoes 'hich rod ri'oto 
jeMonsy,  keep themlves d their wiv honest, make oevere laws; agast 
ul prn dth; and withal foioetion, aveal sin, as a sink  eonvey 
t fo d st stream ofeoneupeenee, they appoint d peut stews, 
those pun and pissant hners, the mooe  seeure the wives in all popu- 
lous cti, for they hold them  necsa  ehnres ; and howsoever 
nwful, yet to uvoid a 'ear mLschieÇ to be lerated in poHcy,  ury, for 
the hur of men' hs; and for t end they have whole coeg of 
tout,ans h the s and eities. OfCa's md belike thatwould haro 
his serv (m all cyri cdtus caa, dno œere, uS graa faci- 
 aren, coet intm i.ntd) fam with some such fene 
creat, to avoid worse mioehiefs in h bouse, d ruade alIowanoe for it. 
ey ho]d it impossible for ie peinons, yog, rich, d ]ty, so my 
servant, monks, iars,  lire honest, too tanc a burden  compel them 
to be chmst and most unfit to surfer por men, yoger brothe, d soldie 
at aH  mar,  those diseased persons, votries, prie servants. There- 
fore,  we to keep and ee the one  the other, they lerate and k at 
these d of broel-hoes d stews. any probuble arments they bave 
to prove the laoEulnes, the neoety, and a toIeration of them, 
and withut qution  poficy they are hot to be oentradicted: but togcther 
in refigion. Othe prcbe te, sl, chms to koep men und omea 
hont, t Ilr u album m noet m$a æ suum: Ape fd hir, 
et ip, et exsa, cca in o, &c., et n allure proet«  a. In 
,uli vim mitta, et tum solum dgigat, &a But the 
Pagan, implo, refigious, absurd, d fi&ous deviez. 
a Shanu& roefa Be. AH b lupa merecoe, tho dict  om dt; Ftolomoena 
aidem nob um duxit et ex ea duo$ flllo euepi  oPue oreno. Fe later. 
 t L confoE. Bou«vcn  6.  FrauoE  l'lurc K  t Vecker Hb. . et. 



654 Lo-Mdancoly. [-Part. 3. Sec. 

The best means to avold these and like inconvenlences are, to take away the 
causes and occasions To this purpose » Varro writ atyram feniFFam » but 
if is lost. • Patritius prescribes four rules tobe observed in choosing of a wifo 
(which whoso will may read); Fonseca, the Si>animal, in ls 45. c. 
4 mor/, sers down six special cautions for men, four for women ; Sain Neander 
out of Shonbernerus, rive for men, rive for women; Anthony Guivarra many 
good lessons; y Cleobulus two alone, others otherwise; as first to make a good 
choice in martage, to invite Christ to their wedding, and which  St. Ambrose 
adveth, Deu cojugii roesider habere, and to py to him for her (A Do- 
tino eirf d«tur xor irru(]fs, Prov. xix), not to be too rah and precipitato 
in his election, to run upon the fnst he meets, or dote upon eve T stout fait 
piece he sees, but to choose ber a much by his ears as eyes, to bo well-advised 
• vhom he takes, of what age, &c., and cautelous in his proceedin An 
man should hot mart T a young woman, nor a young woman an old man, « Qtà» 
*a inœequa vedunt ad artttra juvenci I such matches must needs minister 
a perpetual cause of suspicion, and be distasteful to each other. 
' b 'ecina ut in tumul super arque cadavera bubo. [ "' Nlght-crow on tombe, owl sits on carcss dcad. 
Talis ap¢d Sophociem nostra ImelLt det." So 1| t wench with $ophocleS in 
For Sophocles, as *Athenoeus describes him, was a very old man as cold as 
January, a bed-fellow of bones, and doted yet upon Archippe, a young cour- 
÷ezan, than which nothing can be more odions. «erz marus .xouveni 
in9ratu est, an old man is a most unwelcome guest fo a young wench, unable, 
unfit-" 
Omn horret amor Ventlue Hymenqua  
nd as in lie case a good fel]ow that had but a peckof corn weekly to grind, 
yet would needs buld a new mill for it, round hi error eftsoons, for either he 
must let his mill ile wvte, pull if quite down, or let others gl4nd at ik So 
these men, &c. 
Seneca therefore disal]ows aH suchunseasonable matches, lwbent en{m alc- 
dlcti [ocu,t cre5ræ uFtioe. And v tTully farther inveighs, " 'tis unfit for 
any: but ugly and fi]thy in old age," 'ur¢ seni[is am, one of the three things 
gGod hateth. Plutarch, in his book oentra Coçt, rails downright at such 
]ind of marriages which are attempted by old men, ¢uljam coo'e imoti, 
e2 à voluFtatils oe«tl, ca,t a,i, no, and makes a question whether 
some cases it be tolerable at least for such a man to marry--Tui 
afectat ,'iw 'iribu, "that is now past those venerons exercices/' "a a gelded 
man lies with a virgin and sighs," Ecclns. xxx 20, and now complains with 
him in Petronus, fuzwrat est Iwc Fars jam /uæ.fi olim A c]dl.kas he 
done, 
«« h ViMt puelloe nuper ldoneu, 
]ut the questio is hether he my delight laimself as those Friapeian pop 
vhich in their decrepit age, lay commonly between two wenches every night 
eonta fonosa-um, e ctreeio, um altue 9audea ; and a many 
doting sh'es do to their ow shame, tbeir children's undoing, and their fmi- 
lies' confusion : he abhors it, ntuam b agresi e fu'ioso domino 
it must be avoided as  bedlm toaster, and hot obeye& 
 Alecto. 
Ipa fces poefert nubenta'tms, et mlu Hymen 
Triste ululat"--1 

gCltator  Geliio. XLib. • "rit. • deintlt, relpu, de off]cio marlti. Ye cure ea blande nlnds 
agas. ne objurge proesentibus extranela • Epit. 70. • Ovid. "How b•dly b-teers of derent age 
areyokedtothep]ongh." bAJc_iat, emb. Il& @De-Imo$opb. L 3. cap. 12. dEttrtpides, ePontanus 
hia.-um lib. 1. "Maidene ahun their embracea ; Love Venua. Hymen, ail •bhor them.  fOc, lib. Luxuria 
cure omnl oetatt turpia, tutu seectutl foedime, g Ecc|ua xxviL "An o]d man thst otes"  
h Hot. lib. 3. ode 26. "e was lately a match for & maid. and cotended hOt inglorloualy.,, J "Alet0 
herself hoid the torch at such nuptl, ad mahcioua Hymen sadly how." 



Mem. 4. Bbs. .] 7re of JeaY,sj. 633 
the devil himsel£ ke such mtches.  vin mus reckons up thre 
thin wch generay dturb the peaoe of ra; the fit is when 
mar temptive or unonably " manymoal men m precipitately 
and inoeidertely, when they are effeto nd old: the seoend when they 
mar uuequally for foun and bth : the thd, when a sick impotent per»o 
weds one that is sound, oe upoe spsr«tr : many diskes inttly 
foow. any doting dar, it may hot  denie  Plutrch confesseth, 
«  recreate thelv with such oblete, ueonable and filthy remedie 
( he calh them), th a remembranoe of their foer plemres, 
nature they stir up their doEd flesh :" but an old ]echer is abominable ; 
lerl uens,  Nevan holds, oemilur l«  i¢s«, a womau 
that marries a third rime may be presumed to be no honester than she should. 
Of them th, thus Ambrose concludes in hh comment upon Luke, « n they 
that are oeupled togeçher, hot  get childreu, but to satfy their luit, are 
hbands but foroEto,  th whom St. Au»tin coents: matrimony without 
ho of chfldren, w #wgri»iu», scoium d 5,  hot a wedding, 
but ajumblg or coupg together. In a wvrd, except they wed for mutual 
society, help and comfor one ol another ( wch respects, thouh °Tiberius 
dny it, without question old ib may wcll ma, for sometimes a mau bath 
most need of a we, accorg to Pucciu% when he hth no need of a we 
othei it is most odio, when an old achentic dza, that bath 
tt  hi ve a i[rium, sha flicker air ayog wench that h bthe 
and 
Veto per et b columb  
at mn he more detesble  
"q  no caplte s enex n«m I " ou old goat, oa lher, naugh man. 
Jam pn oetis, animue foeti  With aLinkZng brth, art thou in love ? 
enex hiroeo  osare merem ? Mt th be sLtveng? she sl,ewa to eoe 
Yet,  some w, it is ucb more lerble for an old an to arry  young 
Ca tbe Roman, Critobulus,   Xeopbon,  Tyrqueil ofite, Juli 
liger, &c., ad ay famo pecedets we hve in that d; but ot è cotr«: 
't hot beld fit for an ancienb woan fo atch with a young an. For 
ro [H,   [OEL Li [LLa» fi, "t Cha's match between 
« Cc d Coe, nd tbe devii hioe mreiy weH pleed wiçh it. And 
thereore,  tbe » poet vghs, thou oid Vtustin bed-dden quean, tt art 
ow skin ad 
"   pl. qorqne nt dent  '« on ht three h fo eth. a ret 
Peca doe. cumqne foi  Like ahvpper. an emmet's cr 
oslorem q gens otola ontem. A OEn more rzgged than thy coat. 
 eum Ib par mam." d du e spLd¢r's web to 
Ius thou ma a you again And ye ducenas ire zup«m pos rles 
«a«n : howsoever i is,   Aple v ou of  Meroe, cgr 
ansua, pns, abhzndua,  pestilent match, abominable, and no  
endured. In such e how oen ey oheroe choose bu be j]ous, ho 
shod they aee one with other   ineqEy is hot  yers only, but 
 bih, lorgnes, conditions» d a good y qualifies, s çu o apCè 
ube p«» "L my couusel, saiçh AŒEthony Guiverrs, fo choose such a one. 
Ci Civ duca, o Xobi» ]e a citizeŒE mach with  citizen,  geu- 
kCap. ri. lnati  optim«m m; ms mol a proepltsnter et incondoea nubi Iu 
ate q m spts k quum enex oloenl n morbid div upe  Obet% 
nard& polilnm csrnem  enec ex«i,t, m Llb. • nn. . m ç veto non prr pro 
aed explen libin aa elbi m oet Io, non m oeu qu foi hsbentar, o Lex 
er the aow-wte g-dove&" q l't. t,«'cs. r Sp a Vide nl . 
t Ca]a L poetaru, u stal. lb. 3. , F4, z L I.  • od. "' Iyou wo m 



66 I, ove-MelacIly.  Pa'. 3. Sec. $. 
tlcman with a gcntlewoman; he that observes not thls ltcept Csaith he) 
generum se.d malum -enium, on nurm se.d $'uram, on voe Com 
l$fomçm m $, tead of a ir wife sha have a fro'y, for a fi son- 
in-law a mere fiend, &c. examples are too frequen 
other main caution fit to be obseed  ts, that though they be equal 
yea, bih, founes, and other condition, yet they do hot o virtue and 
gd education, wch Mo and Antipar so much ccain 
«' D t ma paren 
Vir.  memens al(eri  
If,  Plutamh advheth, one must eat modlmn sal, a bushel of sal wfth 
before he chooee his friend, what oere ould be had in choosing a wife, his, 
second sclç how socitous ould he be to ow hcr qualiti and behavlour 
and when ho  sed of them, not to pfer bh, forte, beauty, bcfore 
brinng up, and gd conditions. « Coquae g of ckolds,  one meily 
said, accompaai he goddess Jcalousy, both tllow the faires, by Jupr's 
appotment, and they sacrifice fo them together : buty and honty seldom 
agrée; straight pemonages have often cmoked manne; fait faoes, foul vices; 
good complexions, ifi condition. Sus2dcn m  l,  
auty (saith  Chsostom)  full of trehe and spicion : ho that bath a 
fait wHe, cannot bave a woe mheç d yet mus cove t, as ff nothig 
else in marriage but that and wealth were to  rpted. « Francis Sforza, 
Dtke of Milan, w  curio  this behalç that he would hot mar the 
Duke of Mantuçs dauçhter, except he might oee her naked fi: which 
Lycurgus apind in  laws, ad hIorus  his Upian C,»mmonwealth 
al,prov" d In Italy,  a rav¢ller oboerves,  a man bave three or four 
dxughtem, or mot% and they prove çair, they are marHed efsoons: if 
fi,rmcd, they change their Iovely names of Luc, Cthi Camœen call them 
Dorothy, Ursul Bridger, and  putoEhem into monrie  if none wre 
t for marriage but such  are emineatly : but the are 
tces: a moecst vrgfn weH contion, to sach a ir snout-piece is mtch 
be prefer. If thou wilt avoid them, take away ail OEusea of suspicion and 
jcalousy, ma a coame plece, feh her from Candra's temple, wch 
vont in Italy to be a sanctuary of all deformed mai, and so thou shalt be 
sure that no man wifi maçe thee cuckold, but for spioE A cltizen of 
in France had a filthy, dowdy, dcform slu fo hs we, d finding her in bed 
th another man, cried out  one am; 0 merl quoe t« ne« h 
adit ? 0 thou eh, what nsitybrought the hither?  wefi he might; 
for who can affect such a one But this is warily te deod, moet offcnd 
 another extreme, they prcfer wealth before beauty, aud seshe be ch, they 
OEre hot how she look; bu hese are al[ ott  fuly  the s. 
uœe for,   Saburiens adviseth,   ram asb, 
• orr«»  the ht in Chauoer that w mafed tean old woman» 
 d ail y afl hid m  an  
ve  cre of hy wife's compleon, 1 ws tou sees noter, hou 
"Si bi defol con, si ea ren 
I OEn erhaps ve itnoe. Motum esposdde çuod  b¢ dur, 
"Pent e le « ch hnce,  weH  th ¢hl whi hablally avo]d 
busban"  Balab, hist. Panel, I. . p. 33. bHo 80. Quipchr to nihil 
peJu hare po e Au& d lerar, ltsL Cclonioe e 1620. Nomlne  GOe. foi. 
displicuit qu doe flb munt nomen lnd]m in Baptm et pro Cr& BIOe 
qd dt  Iam. ant ip nomln thi Camoen  enlc  var. lib. 3. 
 43. Alum rnum foum Candroe templ Plurch. olyt. 1.8. p. 
yv c  defo, yooe mald buul,  bs om e 



lk..m. 4. 8ubs. 2.] Cure °fJealous3t. 657 
a misery to possess that which no man ]ik: ou the other side, c 
tditur quodplure.« am«t. nd as tho bragging ao[dier vnd in the comedy, 
imi t mis pm  mim dm. Seipio d never so hardly 
besiege Cahago,  the young gants wi beset thine hoe, one with wit 
or person, mother with wlth, &o. lfshe be fait, ith Guzo, e wfll be 
suspect hwsoever. Both extremes are naught, Puhrs cit 
f cop, the one  sn beloved, the oher lov : one is hary kept, 
beuso proud and aogant, the ocher hot woth kpg ; what  to be dono 
in th caso  En.us in B[enelippe adviseth th as a frieud fo ke 
forum, M  hoEe icoumditiam one of a middlo size, neither tou 
fa» nor too foui,  Nfor»s maç qàm miAi casta pcet, with old Cato, 
thoh fit let her beauty be,  tsi,  illib«ia, betwn both. 
This I approve; but of the other two I resolve with Salisburiensis, coe 
, both rieh ak endowed alpe, ori mise formis betur quamf- 
mosa svatur, I had rather mar a fir one, aud put if fo the hazar than 
tmubled with a blowzo ; but do thou m thou wflt, I speak only of myse. 
owsoever, qd itum eo, I would advise thee thus much, be she fr 
or foui, go ehose a wifo out of a good dred, parentage we brought 
la an houest pluoe. 
« iPrimnm nimo tlbl pmpon quo sanine 
Qim fo qua oetate, quibuue te omnla virgo 
orib»  jcto veit no ut pnt. " 
He thst ma-i a wiîe out of a susted u or alehou, bnys & hoe 
S;ithfield, d r a servir in Paul's,  the divoEb is, 8hag ]ikely bave 
a jsde to his horse, & kve for  mn, an &rrat hoest woman to h wif 
' œesmitur esse ¢mgrg simili», saith k Nevinus] "Such I a mother, 
uch  daughr;" mi ci [m , cat to ber 
a m Siicet expeet ut adat matoe honestos 
Arque aos mor quhm quos hbet 1" 
"Ifthe mother be hont, i ail ]eood the dughter w 
tke after ber  al] d quatiea," 
« Credeu" PIphae nou lponte faram 
Tauritam " 
"If the dm tt, the foal  hot ambIo." fy last caution , that s womaa 
do hot bestow hmelî un & tboI, or su spparent meIucho[y ou; 
]ousy  & symptom of that die, and iboIs h&ve no modemtio. ustins, 
a Roman lady, w much persecud, snd aer de away by ber jcalous 
husbd, she caused and ejoined th epitaph,  & cveat  othe, to be 
engraven on ber tomb: 
« n DiacRe ab exemplo 3gstlnoe, discRe pa ] = Lea psren a] d by 3ustlna's c 
e nubst fatuo  vtra vo," & Your cdrea to no dz for fo 
Airer m'iage, I cn give no betr admonitions tn to use their ves weH, 
and which & friend of mine told me test  & red man, I  II you 
 chp, th icostratus in o Stous, to void çttre stre, and for 
ns' szk `= when you are i b ke heed of your 's flat]g 
over night, and cumin serinons  the morg." t them do their endea- 
vour kewe to maint them to their mns, which atci ingemat, 
sud let them bave y with dcretion,  rime snd p]sco reqres : many 
women tu queaus by compu[sion,  q enus obse buse their 
bads ro so haï, and keep them so short i et snd appm'e[, 
¢gt  eret, poverty snd huEer, wsnt of m, kes them dis- 
bon,t, or d usage; their urlish behaour foroeth them  fly out, orbd 
h Mal. « ot the mt fait but the mo vluo pIees me.  I Cbalouer, ]lb. 9. de rub. 
 Llb. 2. hum. 159. 1 i geuetroE ct cte quoque s çlt; si metrlx mater, filia s eri 
m Juven. t. 6.  Camerariu cent_ 2. cap. 54. oper. subcls, o Sr. . Quofi smis quifim 
• ne ii dixi fiicm vobis, In cubii cveud adl=ttlo 'per maue clor. P L[b. 4. t,t. 4. 
co matl et or qD  sJ up  fil on crant fie xoribgç 
d= ititut. Reipu cp. de o .... • " • ..... 
$u 



58 Lore-JIelan«lob./. [Part. 3 Sec. 
examples, they do if to cry quittance. In the other extl.me some are too 
gberal, m the pverb , l'«rd mdum sibi ct, they mke a rod for their 
o ta, m Candaul d fo Gyges  r Herodotus, oemmend h wife's buty 
himself, d besides would nds bave him  ber naked. Whilst they give 
the wives o much liberty to gad abrooe, and bountlful allowanco, they aro 
accm  their own eries; ani um pmè ot,  
jibes, they haro deformed u, and by the patin and colou procuro 
o(liu» mriti, the hband's haro, especiay, c merè vcaur 
lobra ritL Besid, the wives ( tBi[ no) I»inr e ponu 
nm aspoet-ib, jact tut, ic, et coram tripudnt, impudently 
thrust themselves in other men's compani, and by their det wanton 
crfige pmvoke and tempt the spectot Vtuous women should keep 
hoe; and 'twas well oed d ordered by the Greeks, 
 "« muB ne qua in publiera 
Spectdam ae ee arbitro prbeat ro:" u 
-hich made hias bee at Elis int Ven trng on a toe, 
symbol of women's silence and houkeepg. For a woman abroad d alone, 
 like  deer broke out of a park, quam mille vatores iuuntur, whom 
eve hunter follows; and besid in such plac she nnot  well vincate 
heelç but  at virn Dah (Gen. xxv. 2), "going for to sec the daugh- 
x of the lan" lost ber vhginity, she may be deed and overen of a 
udden: [el damoe quid «i proeda sum 
And therefom I ow hot what l,hilosopher he w,tht wod huve womea 
oeme but thce abroad MI their time, "Yto  bapted, maied and buried ;" 
but he w too strait-loe& t them have the fibety in goed , and go in 
good , modJton ansçiioess oemrelitqnt, agood feHow d, 
o that theylook hot twenty yea younger abroad than they do at home, they 
hot spruoe, ne angels abro, t dowdi, sluts at home; but ek by 
mns  ple and give content to the hbds:  be quiet bove 
t, odient, sfient and patient; they  hmenoed, g, cd a fittle, 
the wiv mt hot ffi OEmple again, but take it in good pal. An honet 
woman, I oeot now te]l where she dwelt, but by repo an hon wom 
w, hearing one of ber goips by cnce compl of ber husbd's pætience, 
told ber n excellent mmedy for it, and gave ber thal a g ofwar, wch 
when he bwled she should hold stfil in h mouth, and thut toties 
 ofn  he chid; she d so two or tee tim th go sucer, and at 
lenh seeg ber neighur, gave ber at than for it, d wod 
know the ingreents, a she told ber  brief what it w, "fuir water," and 
no more: for it w notthe water, but ber oeence which vrm the cure. 
Let eve oward woman imitute t exmple, and be quiet t d and 
( bM. efius prc) a n caution it    obseed of 
. good matrons that love their credits,  corne ttle abrooe, but foHow their 
work t home, look  their ho'asehold affuim and private bus oecom 
itmb,  sober, thriy, wa, ccspect, modt, and oempose them- 
elv to rive  the husban' m,  a gd hoewe should do. 
 ¢ Qnœe sdlis gasa eoll, pIta la 
Fle opus n fooe ,ma 
C puela, ci fosque rouo 
C volve" . 

r In Clio. Speciem n.xorls supra modum extollens, fecit ut illsn nud&m eoram asplceret, s Jnven. 
Sat. 6. '" Ile ctunot kiss his wife for paint." t Orat. contra ebr. u ,. "fhat a marron shou]d hOt be 
oeeen in public wlthcttt her htteband a her pokeean." • "Helpless deerl what are we but a pr¢y " 
• Ad baptimum, xnstrtoniuro et tumu]um, s/on rociferatur Kla i mritua obganni&t, • Fraudera 
tperleus Ostendit ci non aquam ced ellsutium lracnndize moderaxL b Horol. princL llb. 2. cap. 8. 
l)iiigenter caçendum foeminia ilIu.tribtts ne frequsuter exeant, • Chaloner. "Une who delihts in the 
labour ofthe ditaff, aud beg'uile the hour of labour wth tt eong: ber duties aaume an arof virtuotm 
,ty whe, n ahe is busied ai the wheel and the epindIe with ber maid, n 



Iem. . Subs. 2.] Cure of £ealoy. 
Howsoever 'is good o keeç em çve, no 
d Quisquls custodit uxorem vectlbus et 
LI eibi sapoen stit  et nihd pit." 
ad more of this subject, orol, pnc. lib. 2. er roture. Aoe, polit. 
Cyprian, Teu]lin, o de muler, apparat. Godefridus de A mot. /. 2. 
cap. 4. Levinus Lemns, cap. 5. de institut. Christ. Barbarus de re uxor. l. 
2. cap. 2. Fruncis Ptfitius & institut. Reipub. lib. 4. TiL 4 et 5. de 
q mariti et uxor, Crt. Fo Ahithea$. Amor. cap. 45. Sm. 
eander, 
These cutions conce Mm; and by thoee or hh o discretion othere 
he cannot moderate hielç h ien mu hot be wnthg by the wdom, 
f if be posble, to give the party grieved tisfoa, to preveat and remove 
the oions, objects,  it my be  secure h. If if be one loae, or maay, 
to der whom he spects or af what rimes, in what plaoes he  mo 
ince, h wht comies, e enus mkes a qutioa whether a young 
i,hysicin ought fo be mitted in cas of slcs, into a new maed mffs 
bouse, to admhfister a jep,  syp, or me such physic. The Pers of 
old wod hot surfer  young physician fo corne mongst womeu, fApollodes 
Cous ruade xerx cuckold, ad w fter buried ave for it. 
Atoenetus had a fine young genflem  hL proner; gh commeration of 
h yoath and person he let m loose,  enjoy the libey of the priso but 
he uakindly ruade him  cornuto. Ienelans gave good welcome to 
stger,  whole bouse and fily were t his commd, but he gently 
stole way h best beloved wife. The 
of Lacedoemon, by hcibioees an ee, for s good enteainment, he w too 
fair with Tim his we, begetting a child of ber, called Lficdes: and 
brgghg moreover when he cme home fo Athen tt he hd a son ould 
be g of the Lacedemoans. If such objects were removed, no doubt but 
the pai ght ily be satisfied, or that they could u them gently and 
intret them well, hot fo reve them, scoff 
commoy they do, 'ris a hnmn iafiity, a etble vexation, nd they 
hod hot dd grief  grieÇ nor agava their me, but soek  plie, 
and by all mns We them content, by good counsel, removg such offensive 
objets» or by mediation of me creet frieds. In old Rome there w 
temile erd by the mtrons to tht Viriplaca Dea, another to Ven 
vertoeorda, quoe maritos uxoribus reddeba benolos, wther 
hapned betweea mn and e) they did satly reso : there they did 
offer aacfice, a white hrt, Plutarch records, 
(oeme say the le of Juno's tem[»le), and make theh" prayem for conju 
l»oe: beforo some khfferent arbitrato and fends, the mtter w hrd 
between m and e, and commoy oemposeoE In oto" rimes we want no 
oeed chch or good men fo end such controvemies, if use wero ruade of 
them. Some say tht precio stone called beus, othe a diamond, hth 
exceent vtue, contra hostium injuri, et cojugatos invem conliare, 
 reconcile men and wiv to mtahunityd lovej you may try t whea 
yo wfil, d  you see cause. If ne of 11 these mea 
hke place, I know hOt what remedy to prescribe, or whither such peins may 
go for ease, except they c t mto the saine m Tkey pad, "Whem 
they sha hve  many f" wives as they 

d Menuler. "Whoever guards hls wife wtth bo] ad ba 1 repent hl naow policy  Lib. . 
mure. 1 . fCts  Pslcis flnxit vvoe morb oese n c poe 9i c ro concbere 
bac ae voit compos, &c. g Ex.frit vcu solumque demi at e hu stnpravit conjugem. 
h Plutarch. vlt . I nu Lb. 2. 19. Ve,l, lib. 2. p. I. kAld ab Alexandro, I. 4. 
p. 8. gen. er. I Ff. Rueus de gcmm L 2. cap. . et 15.  6troztus Cico iib. 2. cap. 15. iri 
n can. hbent idem uxor uot volant c ocnl claimi quç. uqu  quem prêter mt 
 sang &c. rdenbacchi, ]de  Bocm & 



660 Love-JIdanclloly. [Part. 3. Scc. 4. 

such as look on none but their owu husbauds," no fear, no danger of being 
enckolds; or else I would bave them observe that strict rule of aAIphonsu. 
to marry a deaf and dumb man to a blind woman. If this will not help, let 
them, to prevent the wort, consult with an °astrologer, and sec whether tho 
ignificators in her hor¢cope agree with his, that they be not in signis et par- 
tibus odos inuentibus aut imperantibus, sed muSuo et amicè antisciis eS obe- 
dientbts, otherwise (as they hold) there will be intolerable enmitie between 
them; or else gel him sigillum veneris, a characteristical seul stamped in tho 
day and hour of Venus, when she is forLunate, with such and such set words 
and charms, which Villanovanus and Leo Suavius prescribe ex sigillis magici$ 
S, domonis, Hermetis, Raguelis, &c., with many such, which Alexis, AlbcrLus, 
and some of out natural macians put upon us: ut roulier cure aliquo adulter- 
are non Iossit, incide de capillis ejus, &c., a,d he shall smly be gracious in ail 
women's eyes, and never suspect or disa'ee with his own wife so long as he 
wears it. If this course be hot approved, and other remedies may hot be 
had, thcy must in the Ltst place sue tbr a divorce; but that is somewhat difli- 
cult fo effccL, and hot ail out so fit. For as Felisacus in lais Tract dejusta 
uxore urgeth, if that law of Constantine the Great, or that of Theodosits aud 
Valentiuian, concerning divorce, were in use in our rimes, innumeras propemo- 
dura vd,ta haberemus, et coelibes viros, we should have almost no married 
couples lcft. Try Lherefore those former remedies; or as Tertullian reposes of 
I)emocritus, that put out his eyes, Pbecause he could hot look upon a womau 
without lust, and was much troubled to sec thaL which he might hot enjoy; let 
him make himself blind, and so ho shall avoid that cm and moletation of 
watching his wifo. One other sovereign remedy I could repeat, an especial 
antidote against jealousy, an excellent cure, buç I ara hot now disposed to tell 
it, not that like a covetous empiric I conceal it for any gain, btt some other 
reasons, I ara hOt willing to publish it if you be very desirous to know 
when I meet you next I will IoeradvenLure Leil you what if is in your car. This 
is the best counsel I can ve; which he that hath need of, as occasion serves, 
may apply unto himselE In the mean rime,  dil ragera terris avertite 
estem, qas tho lroverb is, from heresy, jealousy and frenzy, good LoM 
deliver us. 

SECT. IV. MEMB. L 
Sus.'r. I.--Religo»«s «'Idancholy. Its object God; what hls beauty ; tlow 
it allares. The parts and parties acted. 
TT there is such a distinct speci of love melancholy, no man bath ever 
yeç doubted : but whether ts subvision of relig& zgdancholff ho 
wrantab[e» if y be controveroE 
«' POEgI erMe medo  carie vagantem 
Linqui % qu nulla pedum vtigia ductmç 
I bave no pate fo follow   me of the test, no   imlta. No 
hycian hah  yet tctly itn of if as of the other; M1 acknowledge 
is a most notable symptom, some a cau, but few a species or ind. 
exander, h, &oenna, and most of o late wHçe,  Gordonius, 
Fuchsins» Plater, Bmel, Montaltm% &c. reat it  a sptom. USomo 
zeem  be sped of the Holy Ghost, some ke upon them to be pphets» 
 Uxor ea dut mm sardum, &OE oe Valt. b. differ. m. In Alcabltlum, ubl plu 
Cap. 4 Apol. quod mulier siue ucuplsea plcere non pomet &c. q 
ptilea om the world." r CaeoE reli e It  atill oenvet gbout relion and auch divine 
oj, aGroti. « Proc ye m, nor de me i the raidie of y jouey, where no footcp 
I m no Whee}tra cate te ant of foer ch*tion." t Lib. 1. cap. 16. nonnuli opinmnibm 
ddictl $unk et fntura ae pmdicere bitrantur. u Alii$ vldctur 
itu saact0, t ciit rhetar% t m fu 



lem. l. Subi. 1 ] el[glots lIda,woly. 661 

seine are uddieted te new opluions, seine îoretell strnge thing,, de tatu mundl 
et Anthsti, th Gordonius. Seine will prophesy of tho end of the world te 
 day almost, and tho fa of the Antiehrt,  they haro been addicd or 
brought up ; for se melaneholy works with them,  Xurenti hold. If 
they hve been precisely given, ail their meditntions nd tht 
conclusion produce stmngo effects, the humour imprints sympto aorg 
te their several inclitions and oenditions, wch makes Gue d 
*Felix Plar pu too much devotion, bld zl, foEr for etornal punirent, 
and that lt judent for  eu of thoso enthussOe and dp«rute 
but seine de net obscurely make a tineç speci of i, diving love-melan- 
eholyinto that whoee objeet iswomen ; and to the other who obje is 
Plate, in Convio, makes mention of two distinct ies: and amener out 
eote5, lIereules de Son, lib. 1. ra md. cap. 16. p. de }1elaneK 
doth expressly treat of it in a dtct speei. "Love melaacholy (saith he) 
is twoEold ; the first is that ( whieh peradventum seine will net vouchsat 
th ne or si of melancholy) affût[on of tho wh[eh put God for their 
objet, and are altogether about pmyer, fasting, &c., the other aut women." 
Peter Fortus in hh oboervations deliveth as much in tho mo words: and 
Fefix Plates de mentis alienat, cap. 3. freqntsima est çus specie in q 
¢«randd sœepissimè muhùm fui impedit; 't  frequent se; d they 
bave a ground of what they say, forth of Areteus and Plato. beteus, an old 
author, in his third book, cap. 6. doth so divide love melaneholy, and defives 
this second tm the first, which eom by iption or othese. CPlato 
in h Phædms hath th words, "-Ao' priera in Delphos, d at 
Dodon, in thek fury de many pretty fts, and benefit the Gt, but never 
in their rht wits." e makes them all mad,  well he ght; and he that 
shall but oensider that sumtition of old, those proous effeets of if 
its place I will shew the several fues OE out fatidi¢i  pythonas, aiby, 
enthusi, pudopphets, heretics, and sehismatics in these out latter ages) 
slm inÇly eos, that all the world g nnot afford se mueb matter of 
des se many stupendo sptoms,  upemtition heresy, sehhm 
brought out: that this species lone may be prHeled te 11 the remet, h 
glter latitude, and more miracous eflcts; that it more ots and inf 
tua men, than y other abovo named whatsoever, does more barre, wor 
more dqetn te mannd, and h more eeed the sou of mortal men 
(sueh bath been the devffs et) th wrs, plgues, aice, dt%h, 
famin and a fle mst. 
Gi mobutattl« lve, and Iwl set beforeyour ey  briefa stupendous, 
vt, infinite ocean of inerediblo madn d foy : a soE fart of shelv and 
rock» sds, fs, emS and eontra tid, fu of feafful monste, oeuth 
hapes, rg wv, mpts, nd siren oel, baleyonian seas, unspeak- 
able e, sueh oemedi d tragedi, such bsurd nd rieous, feral d 
mentble fits, that I know net whether they ê more  bo pitied or deded, 
or my be believed, but that e doey oeo tho samo still praeted  out days, 
f exampl nova noria, h obje of 
kind that are still reprented un u broa ai home» 
out boms. 
But fo I ean corne te treat of the several errors and obEqtloe, the 
es» symptoms» affectio» &a, I must sy ometg 

x Cap. 6. de Melncb. Y Cap. 5. Traclat. rnltl oh tImorem DeI nt melachclI et morem gehnoe. 
They are still Weubled fer their sins. z Pister c. 13. a Melchoa Eroti vel q cure amore  
duplex t : prima quœe b liis fo non mere nomen mchoU est afftio  q pro objecte 
roponunt Deum et ldeo nil sliud curant sut cont quam Des, jejunl vili: sltera oh muHere 
Alia repefitur luroris specics  pmma vel à secd deorum ga,tmm, vel affia uinu for hIo 
wenit, c Qi in Delpids futur prmdicunt vat et  Dodoaa sact'dut feu qdem ulta J 



6eo l?el;3ious JIer_ancho. [Part. 3. ec. 4. 

object of this love, God himsclf, what this love is, bow it allureth, whence it 
proceeds, and (which iz the cause of all eux m£series) how we mitake, 'ander 
and swerve frein if. 
Among, st all those divine attributes that God doth vindicate te himself, eter- 
nity, omuipotency, immutability, wizdom, maje, ty, justice, mercy, &c., lais 
àbeauty is net the le,st: one thing, saith David, have I desired of the Lord, 
and that I will still desire, te behold the bcauty of the Lord, Psal. xxvii. 4,. 
And out of Sion, which is the perfection of bcauty, hath God shined, 
l. 2. Ail other creaturos are fair, I confess, aud many other objects de much 
entmour us, a faix heure, a fair herse, a comely person. "ci ara amazed," 
saith Austin, "when I look up te heaven and behold the beanty of the stars, the 
bcanty of angels, principalities, powers, who can express it'I who cau suffi- 
ciently commend, or set out this bcauty which appears in us se faix a body, 
8o fait a face, eyes, nose, cheeks, chin, brows, all Ikir and lovely te behold ; 
esides the beanty of the seul which canner be discerned. If we se labour and 
]e se Inuch affected with the comeliness of creatures, how shall we be ravizhed 
svith that admiïable lustre of God himself |" If ordinary bcauty bave such a 
prerogative and power, and what is amiable and faix, te draw the eyes and ears, 
heaxts and affections of all spectators unto if, te more, win, entice, aI]ure: 
how shall this divine ferre lvish ont seuls, which is the fotmtain and quint- 
essence of ail beantyI ('cdum pulchrum, »ed puichrior cœeli fabricator; if 
heaven be se fai; the sun se fait, how much fairer shall he be, that ruade them 
fait ] " For by the greatness and beauty of tbe creatures, proportionally, the 
xnaker of them is seen," Wisd. xiii. 5. If there be such pleasure in beholding 
a beautiful person alone, and, s a plausible semon, he se much affect us, what 
shall this beauty of God himself, that is infinitely fairer than all creatures, men, 
ange]s, &c. fOmnç pu[chritudo .florum, hominum, angdorum, et rerum 
omn ium pulcherrimarum ad Dei pulchritudinem collata, noac est et tenebroe, all 
oher beauties are nigh ielf, mere drkness fo hi. our inexplicable, ineom- 
prehensible, nnspeakable, etemal, infinite, ndmirable and divine beauty. This 
lustre, puldritudo omnium pulcherrima. This beauty and "g zplendour of the 
divine majesty," is it that draws all ereatures fo if, to seek it, love, admire, and 
adore it; and those heathens, pagaus, philosopbers, out of those relics they 
have yet left of God's image, are se far foh inceused, az net only te acknow- 
ledge a God; but, though ai'ter their own inventions, te stand in admiration of 
his bounty, goodness, te adore and seek him; the magnificence and structure 
of the world itself, and beauty of all hiz creatm-es, his goodness, providence, 
protection, enïorceth them te love him seek him, fear him, thongh a wrong 
way te adore bim: but for us that are Christians, regenerate, that are 
adopted sous, illuminated by his word, having the eyes ofour hearts and under- 
standings opened ; how fairly doth he offer and expose himself Ambit nos 
/)eus (Austin saith) donis et.tormâ snâ, he woos us by his beauty, gifts, pro- 
mises, te eome tmto him; "hthe whole Scripture is a message, an exhorta- 
tion, a love-letter te this purpose ;" te incite us, and invite us, God's epistle, 
as Gregory calls if, te lais creatms. He sers out his son and hiz church in 
that epithalamium or mystieal song of 8olomon, te enamour us the more, com- 
paring lais head "te fine gold, hiz locks cuxled and black as a raven, Cant. iv. 
5. his eyes like dores on rivera of watei% washed with milk, his lips as 
dropping down pure juice, his hands as rings of gold set with chrysolite: and 
his church te a vineyard» a garden enclosed, a fountain of living waters, an 



Iem. 1. Subs. 1.] That if is a distinct spec,«s. 663 

orchard of pomegranatcs, with sweet scents of saffron, spike, calamus and 
einnamon, and ail the trees of ineense, as the chlef spic.es, the fairest amongst 
women, no spot in ber. kh£s sister, his spouse, undefiled, the only daughter of 
ber mother, dear unto ber, far as the moon, pure as the sun, looking out as 
the morning;" that by these figuree, that glass, these spirituel eyes of con- 
templation, we might perceive aome resemblance of hiz beauty, the love be- 
tween his church and him. And se in the xlv. 1%alm this beauty of hia ehurch 
is comparêd te « "queen in « vesture of gold of Ophir, embroidered raiment 
of needlework, that the king might take pleasure iu her beauty." Te ineense 
us further yet, t John, in lais apocalypse, makea a description of that heavenly 
Jerusalem, the beauty of if, and in if the maker of it; "Likening it te a city 
of pure gold, like nnto clear glass, shining and garnished with ail manner of 
]tcious atenes, having no need of sun or moon : for the Lamb is the light of 
it, the glot T of God doth illuminate it : te give us te understand the it, finite 
glory, beauty, and happiness ofit.  /flot that if is no fairer than these erea- 
tures te which it is eompared, but tat this vision ofhis, this lustre ofhis divine 
majesty, canner otherwise be expressed te our apprehensions, "no tongue can 
tell, no heart oaa coneeive it," as Paul saith, hIoses himself, Exod. xxxiii. 18. 
when he desired te see God in his glory, was answered that he might net 
endure if, no man eould see his ace and lire. Sensibileforte destr«it sensum, 
« strong objeet overcometh the sight, according te that a.,dom in philosophy : 
f«lgorem s«,lis fèrre non pores, multo magis creatorls; if thou caner net endure 
the sunbeams, how eanst thou endure that fulgor and brightness of Him tha 
ruade the sun ? The sun itselfand ail that we tan imagine, are but shadows of 
it, 'ris visio preecellens, as m Austin ealls if, the quintessence of beauty rhin. 
"which far exceeds the beauty of heavens, sun and moon, stars, angels, gohl 
and ailver, woods, fair fields, and whatsoever la pleasant te behold." Ail thos 
other beauties rail, vary, are subject te corruption, te loathing; "nBut this i 
an immortel vision, a divine beauty, an immortel love, an inàefatigable love and 
beauty, with sight of which we shall never be tired ner wearied, but still the 
more we see, the more we shail eovet him." "° For as one saith, where this 
vision is, there is absolute beauty; and where is that beauty, frein the saine 
fountain cornes ail pleasure and happiness; neither tan beanty, pleasure, hap- 
piness, be aeparated frein his vision or aight, or Iris vision, frein beauty, 
pleasnre, happiness." In this lire we bave but a glimpse of thls beauty and 
happiness : we shall hereafter, as John aaith, see him as he is: thine eyes, .us 
Isaiah promiseth, xxxiii. 17. "shall behold the king in lris glory," then shall 
we be perfectly enamoured, bave a full fruition of if, desire, p behold and love 
him alerte as the most amiable and fairest object, or sumnum bonun, or 
chiefet good. 
This likewise shonld we new bave done, had net out will been corrupted ; 
and as we are enjoined te love God with ail out hearç, und all out seul: for te 
that end were we bon, te love this ohject, as qMelancthon discorseth, and te 
enjoy it. « And him our will would have loved and 8ought alone as our sure- 
mure bonum, or principal good, and all other good things for God's aske: and 
nature, as she proceeded frein it, would bave sought this fountain; but in 
this infirmity of human natnre this order is disturbed, our love is corrupt :" 
and a man is like that monster in r llato, composed of a Scyll, « lion and « 
man; we are carried away headlong with the torrent of ont affections: the 



G6$ IeliÆ[ous Mdancholy. [Pari;. 3. Sec. 

• vorld, and that infinite variety of pleasing objects in if, do so allure and ena- 
mour us, that we cannot so much as look towards God, seek him, or think ou 
]lira as we should: we cannot, saith Austin, rempublicam coelestem co#itare, we 
eannot contaiu ourselves from them, their sweetness is so pleasing to us. llar- 
riage, saith  Gualter, detains many; "A thing in itself laudable, good and 
necessary, but many deceived and carried away with the blind love of it, haro 
quite laid aside the love of God, and desh'e of lais glory. Ieat and drink 
bath overcome as many, whilst they rather strive to I»lease, satisfy their guts 
and belly, than fo serve God and nature." Some are so busied about mer- 
chandise to get money, they lose their own souls, whilst covetously carried, and 
vith an insatiable desire of gain, they forger God ; as much we may say of 
honour, leagues, friendships, health, wealth, and all other profits or i»leasures 
in this lire whatsoever. ,, t In this world tbere be so many beautiful objects, 
plendours and brightness of gold, majesty of glo7, assistance of ffiends, fait 
promises, smooth words, victories, triumphs, and such an infinite company of 
l,leasing beauties to allure us, and dmw us from God, that we cannot look after 
]im." And this is it which Christ himself, those prophets and apostles so 
Jnuch thundered against, 1 John, xvii. 15, dehol us from; "love hot the world, 
J,or the things that are in the world: if any man love the world, the love of 
the Father is hot in him, 16. For all that is in the world, as lust of the flesh, 
the lust of the eyes, and pride of life, is not of the Father, but of the world : 
and the world passeth away and the lust thereof; but he that fulfilleth the will 
ofGod abideth for ever. "lIo man," saith our Saviour, "can serve two masters, 
but he must love the one and hate ihe other," &c., bonos vdmalos mates, bani 
velmalifaciunt amores, Austin well infers: and this is that which ail the 
i:tthers inculcate. He cannot (u Austin admonisheth) be God's friend, that is 
delighted with the œeleasm-es of the world : "make clean thine heart, purify 
thine heart; if thou wilt see this beauty, prepare thyself for it. It is the eye 
of contemplation by which we must behold it, the wing of meditation which 
lifts us up and rears our souls with the motion of out hearts, and sweetness 
ofcontemplation :" so saith Grego] T clted by XBonaventure. And as YPhilo 
Judoeus seconds him, "He that loves God will soar aloft and take him wings; 
and, leaving the earth, fly up to heaven, wander wiih sun and moon, stars, and 
that heavenly troop, God himself being his guide." If we desire to see him, 
we must lay aside all vain objects, which detain us and dazzle our eyes, and 
as ffi Ficinus adviseth us, "get us solar eyes, spectacles as they that look on 
the sun: to see this divine beauty, lay aside all material objects, all sense, and 
then thon shalt see him as he i" Thou covetous wretch, as aAustin expos- 
tulates, "why dost thou stand gaping on this dross, muck-hills, filthy excre- 
ments behold a far fairer object, God himselfwoos thee; behold him, enjoy 
bim, he is sick for love." Cant. v. he invites thee to his slght, to corne into 
his fair garden, to eat and drhik with him, to be merry with him, to enjoy 
lais presence for ever.  Wisdom cries out in the streets besides the gares in 
the top of high places, before the city, at the ent]Tofthe door, and bids them 
give ear fo ber instruction, which is better than gold or precious stones; no 
pleasures ean be compared fo it: leave ail then aztd follow ber» vos exlwrtoe"  

• Horn. 9. t eplst. Johannls. cap. . nitos conJn deceplt, res alloqui alutads et necd eo quod 
co  amore dept dvini amo et gio] tuaium in tverum abjecerunt; plumos cibn et pot 
pert, t In mundo lendor opum, glorioe m amicitia psidi verborum blditi volu, t 
tutu omnls genea fllebr cto tumphL et inflnita alia ab amore dei noa absahunç &c. u la 
Pal. gii. Dei c  non tt qui mdi uis deloetatur; ut banc forain d mda rç 
rena cor, & x Contemplationi pluma noa ublevat arque inde mur intentione ¢or dcedine 
contempiflonia distct. 6. de 7. Inb. Y Lgb. de vict : am Deum, aublimla petiU aumpa 
ails et   c volaU reliera terr cudu abeandi cure 1 I stellmqne a milifl ip 
Deo du. g In coin. Plat. p. 7. ut Solem  o1 fle de 1  ut nam ici« pul- 
chç idin, deltte mateam, demitte aenanm, et Dem qualia ait videbis.  Ava quid hi  
&c., pchrr t qui te Sit ips v  b.tuz. b rov. voE 



l,[em. 1. Subs. 1.] Causes of ReIi9ous $[e?anc]to?y. 
arnicl et osecro. In CFicinus words, « I exho and besch yon, that vot 
would embre and follow ts dine love with ail yonr hrtsatd abiliti, by 
ail offices and endeavours make ts so loving God p»pitious unto you." For 
-hom aloae, ith «Plotinus, "we mt forsake the ngdoms and empires of 
the whole eth, s, laad, and a,  we de to be ingrafted to him, leavo 
aB md fllow him." 
ow, formuch as thh love of God is a habit infused of God,  Thom 
hdds, 1.2. quoest. 23. "by which a man is inclined to love God above MI, and 
his aeighbour  himself," we must pray to God that he ll oa our eyes, 
make clear out heart that we may be capable of his glorious =y and 
form those dufies that he requires of us, Deut.  and Josh. xxiii. "to love 
God above ail, and our neighbour  ourself, to keep h commandmeat 
this we kuow, sMth 1 John, c. v. 2. we love the chfidreaof God, whea we love 
God and keep  c3mmandments." Ts is the love of God, that we keep 
h commandmeats; he that loveth hot, oweth hot God, for God is love, 
cap. iv. 8. and he that dweBeth in love, dweEeth in God, and God in him ;" 
for love p-snpposeth knowledge, çaith, hope, and uais us to God himl;, 
tLeoa Hvbmus delivereth uato us, and  accompaed with the f ol God, 
humihty, meekness, patience, ail thooe viu, and chaty itsel£ For if we 
love God, we shMI love our neighbom and perfo the duti which are re- 
quired at o hands, to which e are exhorte4 1 Cor. xv. 4, 5; Ephes. iv. ; 
Cdoss. ri.; om. . We shall hot be en'ious or puff up, or bot, 
disdn, think evil, or be provoked to anger, but surfer ull things; eadea'our 
to kp the unity of the epirit in the bond of peace." Forbear one anothcr, 
forure one another, dothe the naked, visit the sick, and peom M1 those 
orks of mercy, which gCl¢mens Alexaadrinus cal amor etamicid2 
tionem et extentionem, the extent and c,mplement of lo-e; and that hot 
fr or worldly respects, but ordb ad Deum, tor the love of God himse. 
This we shall do ff we be truly enamoured ; but we oeme short  both, we 
neither love God nor out neighbour as we should. Out love h spiritual things 
 too defective, in orldly things too exoessive, there is a jar in both. 
love the world too much; God too little; ourneighbouraotataB, or forour own 
en, Vulgus amicitias utilitate obat. "The chier thing we reslmct is out 
commodity;" and what e dois for fear ofworldly punishment, for va-glo, 
rra of men, fashion, and such by respects, hot for God's sake. We neKher 
know God aright, aor seek, love or womhip him as we shod. And for these 
defects, we involve oelves into a multitttde of errom, we swee from this 
te love and worship of God : which i« a e unto us of speble mise- 
ri; runng into both extremes, we become foo, maen, without »ense, 
as now h the next plaoe I I1 show you. 
The paries affed are innumerable almost, and soettered over the face of 
the earth, far d nr, and so bave been in aB precedent ages, ik'om the ben- 
ning of the world to these rimes, of all sorts and contions. For method's 
ake I wi reduoe them  a two-iold division, accordg tv those two extrem 
ofexcess and defect, impiety and mpemtition, idolat d athem. ot that 
there  any excès of vhe womhip or love of God ; that cannot be, we tan- 
hot love God too much, or do our duty  we ought,  Papists hold, or bave 
any peoEection h t e, much le supererote; when we bave aH done, we 
ara unprofitable servants. ut buse we do aliud ogre, zeMous thout 
knowledge, and too solicitous about that which  hot nT, busying our- 
elve about erçeat, ne¢dls, idle, andva oeremonies, popu& 
• Cp. 18. Ro Aorem hnc dlnum toHs vibos amplexaminl; Deum vobis vmni ociorum genere 
propitium licite. « Cap. . de pritudine rea et iml,ea totius teoe et aris et oeli opoct abjicere 
ri a sps eonvera elie i. • Habitus à Deo infusu per queln jnclinat homo ad di]ige/zduzn 
l,eum eur omni, fDi. I. Omnia convertit aor  ieius pu/chti uat. 85tz'omatum/ib. 



666 leligiou M«la,,co#. [Part. 3. Sec. 4. 

as the Je wh d[d about sacrifices, oblations, offerigs, incense, new moons, feast«, 
&c., but Isaiah taxeth them, i. 12, "who required this at your hands" 
bave too great opinion of our own worth, that we can satisîy the law; and do 
more than is required at our hands, by performing those evangelical counsels, 
and such works ofsupererogation, merit for other% which Bellarmine, Gregory 
de Valentia, all their Jesuits and champions deîend, that if God should deal in 
r[gom- with them, some of their Franciscans and I)omlnlcans are so pure, that 
nothing could be objected fo them. Some of us again are too dear, as we 
think, more divine and sanctified than others, of a etter mettle, greater gifts, 
and with that proud Pharisee, contemn others in respect of ourse|res, we are 
better Christians, better learned, choice spirits, inspired, know more, bave 
special revelation, perceive God's secrets, and thereupon presume, say and do 
that many rimes which is hot befitting tobe said or done. Of this number 
are all superstitious idolaters, ethl,iCS, Mahometans, Jews, heretics, len- 
thusiasts, divinators, prophets, sectaries, and schismatics. Zanchius reduceth 
such infidels to four chief sects; but I will insistand follow mine own intended 
method: ail which with many other curious persons, monks, hermits, &c., may 
be ranged in this extreme, and fight undcr the superstitious banner, with those 
rude idiots, and infinite swarms of people that are seduced by theoE In the 
other extreme or in defect, march those impious epicure% libertines, atheists, 
hypocrites, infide, worldy, secure, impenitent, unthankfu], and carnal-minded 
men, that attribute all to natural causes, that will aeknowledge no supreme 
power; that bave cauterised consciences, or lire in a reprobate sense; or such 
desperate persons as are too distrustful of his mercies. Of these thero be 
many subdivisions, diverse degrees of madness and folly, some more than other, 
as shall be shown in the symptoms: and yet all miserably out, peTlexed, 
doting, and beside themselves for relion's sake. For as kZanchy well dis- 
tinguished and ail the world knows, rcIion is twofold, true or false; false is 
that vain superstition of idolaters, such as were of old, Greeks, Romans, pre- 
sent hIahometans, &c. Timorem deovum inanem, Tully could terre it; or as 
Zanchy defines it, Ubifalsi dii, autfalso cultu colitur/)etz, when çalse gods, 
or that God is falsely worshipped. And 'ris a miserable plam, a torttre of 
the sou], a mere madness, Rel'.#qiosa insania, mMeteran calls if, or insanus 
error, as nSeneca a frantic error; or as Austln, In,anus animi morbs, a 
furions disease of the sou]; insania omnium insanisslma, a quintessence of 
madness; °for he that is superstitious can never be quiet. 'Tis proper to man 
alone, uni superbia, avaritia, stperstitio, saith llin, lib. 7. cap. 1. arque etiam 
po$. soevit defuturo, which wrings his sou] fr the present, and to corne: the 
greatest misery belongs to mankiud, a perpetual servitude, a slavery, 
timore timor, a heavy yoke, the seal of damnation, au intolerable burden- They 
that are superstitious are still fearing, suspecting, vexing themselves with 
auaries, prodiges, false tales, dreams, idle, vain works, unprofitable labours, 
as qBoterus observes, curd mentia ancitite ver$antur: enemiesto God and to 
themselves. In a word, as Seneca concludes, Reli9io 1)eum colit, 
destruit, superstition destroys, but true relion honours God. True religion, 
ubi refus Deus verè colit«r, where the true God is truly worshipped, is the way 
to heaven, the mother of virtues, love, fear, devotion, obedienc% knowledge, &c. 
It rears the dejected sou] of man, and amidst so many cares, miseries, perse- 
curions, whlch this world affords, it is a sole ease, an unspeakable comfort, a 
sweet reposal, Jugum suave, et leve, a light yoke, an anchor, and a haven. 
adds contage, boldness, and begets generous spirits: although tyrants rage, 
persecute, and that bloody IActor, or sergeant be ready to martyr them, aut 1/ta, 

1 De primo prsecepto, kDe rellg. I. . Thes. L 12 De uat. deoram, m Hl,t. Belgi lib. 8 
a Snpertitio error insanus est. epist. 223. o  ara qui $perztJtione imbnrus t qui¢tus ear, e atmq 
iot,;. 1 Greg. q lollt, lib. I. cal, 13. 



lIem. 1. Subs. 1.] 'arties «jîrected. 67 

aut morere (as in tho.e persecutions of the primitive Church, it 
practice, as you may read in Eusebius and others), though enemies be now r,:a«.y 
to inva(le, and ail in an uproar, r,5"ifractt.ç illabatar orbis, impavidosferleJ,t 
ruince, though hcaven shouhl rail on his head, he would hot be dismayed. BI 
as a good Christian prince once ruade answer to a menacing Turk, facil2 scele- 
rata homi»um arma contemttit, qui Dei proesidio tutu.* est: or as Phalaris 
te Alexander in a wrong cause, he ner any other enemy could t, rrify him. t,r 
that he haasted in God. Si Deus nobiscum, qui« contra nos? In ail cal, ini- 
ties, per-eeutions whatsoever, as David did, 2 Sain. il. 22, he will sing with 
him, "the Lord is my rock, my fortress, my strenh, my tfige, the tower 
and horn of my salvation," &c. In all troubles and adversities, Psal. xlvi. 1. 
"God is my hope and help, still ready te be fonnd, I will net herefore 
&c., 'tis a fear expelling fear; he hath perce of conscience, and is full of hope, 
which is (saith tAustin) vita vitœe rnortalis, the life of this our mortal lire, ho I o 
of immortality, the sole comfort of our misery : otherwise, as Paul saith, we 
of ail others were most wretched, but this makes us happy, counterpoising our 
hearts in all miseries; superstition torments, and is frein the devil, the author 
of lies; but this is frein Goal himself, as Lucian, that Antiochian priest, ruade 
],is divine confession in UEusebius, Ancrer nobi de Deo Deu$ est, God is tl,e 
author of -ur religion himself, his word is our rule, a lantern te us, dictated 
by the Holy Ghost, he plays upon our heurts as se many harptring, and wo 
are his temples, he dwelleth in us, and we in him. 
The pat-t affected of superstition, is the brain, heart, will, understan,ling, 
seul itself, and ail the faculties of it, totttm compositnm, all is mad and dotes : 
new for the extent, as I say, the world itself is the subjeet of it (te omit that 
grand sin of atheism), all times have been misaffeeted, past, prescrit, "there 
is net one tbat doh good, no net one, frein the prophet te the priest," &e. 
lamentable thing it is te consider, how many myriads of men this idolatry and 
superstition (for that comprehends ail) hath inatuated in all ages, besotted by 
this blind zeal, which is religion's ape, religion's bastard, religion's shadow, 
false glass. For wher God hath a temple, the devil will have a chapel : 
where God hath sacrificas, the devil will hve his oblations: where God bath 
ceremonies, the devil will have his traditions: where there is any religion, the 
devil will plant superstition ; and 'ris a pitifid sight te behold and read, what 
tortures, misees, it hath procured, what slaughter of sonls it bath ruade, how 
if rgeth anaongst those old Persians, Syrians, Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, 
Tuscans, Gauls, Germans, Dritons, &c. lritannia jam ]todiè celebrat tare 
attonitè, saith x Pliny, tantis ceremoniis(speaking oîsuperstition) ut dedsse ]ér- 
sisviderlpossit. The Britons are so stupendly snperstitious in their ceremonies, 
that thcy go beyond those Persians. ]e that shall but read in Pausanias 
alone, those gods, temples, altars, idols, statues, so curiously ruade with such 
infinite cost and charge, amongst thcse old Greeks, such multitudes of them 
and frequent varieties, as YGerbelius truly observes, may stand amazed, and 
never enough wonder at it ; and thank God withal, that by the light of tho 
Gospel, we are so happily ri'ced from that slavish idolatry in these out days. 
]ut heatofore, almo.t in all countries, in ail places, superstition hath blided 
the heaVcs of men; in ail ages what a small portion bath the truc church ever 
been! ])irisum imTerium cure Jove JDœemon habet.  The patriarchs and 
their iamilies the Israelites a handful in respect, Christ and his apostle and 
hot ail of them, neither. Into what straits bath it been compinged, a lJttle 
flock ! how bath mperstition on the other side dilated herself, en'or, ignorance, 
barbaris, folly, madness, deceived, triumphed, and insu]ted over the most 

r Hot. s Epist. Phalar. t In Psal. iil. u LIb. 0. cap. ri. x Lib. 3. Y LIb. 6. descrfpt. Gre. 
*:lla ct via qu«e non innnmerls tdolis est referta, q anlum tunc temporis In misem'ims mort potnti 
et çt'flcli» Tyl-anntdle batan ex*fruit, z,, "lhe dvfi videe the empe with Jupiter." 



6ç Ileliffius Mel«ucholy. [Part. 3. Sec. 4. 

wise, ,lisereet, and understanding men, philosophers, dynasts, mouarchs, ail 
were involved anti overshadowod in this mist, in more than 0immerian clark- 
vess. *deo ignara $,«perstitio mentes hominum depravat, et nonnunçuam 
sapient,tm animos transversos agit. _A_t this present, quota pars! l:[ow small 
a part i truly religiousl l:[ow little in respect! Divide the wodd into six 
p'.trts, and one, or hot so mach, is 0hristians; idolaters and Mahometaus pos- 
8ess almost Azia, Afriea, Ameriea, ]Iagellanica. The kings of 0hina, grea$ 
Cirera, Siam, and Bot-ueo, Pegu, Deeeaaa, Narsinga, Japan, &e., are gentiles, 
i3olater, anti mauy other petty princes in Asia, Monomotopa, Congo, and I 
kuow not how many negro princes in Africa, ail Terr Australis incognita, 
»,ost ofmerica, pagans, oEering all in theh- several superstitions; and yet ail 
idola$ers. The ]lahomegans extend themselves over the great Turk's domi- 
nions in Europe, Afriea, Asia, to the Xeriffe in ]3arbaxy, and his erritories 
in Fez, Sus, ]Iorocco, &e. The Tartar, the great Mogor, the 8ophy of Per- 
8ia, with most of their dominions and subjects, are at this day Mahometaus. 
Sec how tho devil rageth: those at odds, or differing among themselves, 
some for kli, some Enbocar, for Acmor, and Ozimen, those four doctors, 
]Ialmmefs sueeessors, and are subdivided into seventy-two inferior seets, as 
¢ Leo kfer xports. The Jews, as a eompany of vagabonds, are seattered over 
ail parts; whose story, prescrit es,tte, progres from rime to rime, is fully set 
down by alIr. Thomas Jaekson, Doetor of Divinity, in lais comment on 
creed. A ilfgh part of the world, and ha»dly that, now professeth CHRIST, 
but so inlarded and interlaced with several superstitions, 
sound part fo be round, or any agreement amongs hem. Presbyter John, in 
Afi'iea, lord of those Abyssinians, or Ethiopians, is by his profession a Chris- 
flan, but so different from us, with such new absurdities and eeremonies, sueh 
libergy, such a mixture of idolatry and paganism, Othat they keep little more 
than a bare title of hristiatfity. They suffit polygamy, circumcizion, stupend 
f.mtings, divorce as they will themselves, &c., and as 
Virgin Mary, so do they on Thomas Didymus belote hrist tThe Greek or 
F_stern Church is ren$ from this of the West, and as they bave four chier 
patriarehs, 8o bave they four subdivisious, besides thoso Nesçorians, gaeobins, 
8yrians, Armenians, Georans, &e., seattered over Asia ]I_inor, 
&c., Greece, Walaehia, ireassia Bulgaria, ]3osnia, Albania, Illyricum, 8cla- 
'onia, 0roati, Thraee, 8ervia, P, asci, and a sprinkling amongst the Targax, 
the Russians, Museovites, and most of that great duke's (tzar's) subjeets, are 
part of the Greek hurch, and still hristians: but as gone saith, temporis 
successu multas illi addidernnt snperstitiones. In proeess of rime they bave 
added so many suparstitions, they be rather semi-ebritians than otherwise. 
OEhat which remains is the Western hurch with us in Europe, but 8o eelipsed 
vith several schisms, heresies and superstitious, that one knows hot where 
to find if. The papists bave Italy, 8pain, 8avoy, pari of Gemany, France, 
Xoland, and a sprinkling in the test of Europe. lu Ame4ea, they hold ail 
hat which 8paniards inhabit, Hispanis Iova, Csella Aurea, Peru, 
the Easç Indies, the Philippinoe, some small holds about Goa, lIalaeca, Zelan, 
Omus, &c., which tho Portuguese got hot long sinee, and those land-leaping 
jesuits bave essayed in China, gapan, as appears by their yearly letters; in 
Aïrica they bave Melinda, Quiloa, llombaze, &e., and some few towns, 
drive out one superstition with another. Poland is a reeep$acle ofall religions, 
where 8amosegans, Socinians, Photinians (now proteced in Transylvania and 
l'oland) Arrians, anabaptists at to be found, as well as in some Geman citiea 



Mem. 1. Subs. 2.] ffauses of Refi#iou lel, ncloly. 669 
Seandia  Chrisn, but hDamianus -Goes, tle Pougal niglt, eompls, 
so mixed th magic, pagan rit a,! oeremoni, they may be as well counted 
idol: what 'lcitu formedy sn..l of a le nation»  verified in the 
"iA people subjec to superstition, contra to reon." And some of them 
 about Lapland and the PHapians, the dev's poesion, to this day, 
hoec ffe (saith mino kauthor) Satan htenus possesit çuod 
mirandum d do&ndum, and which  to be admired and pitied; 'any of them 
be bapte which the kings of Sweden ranch labour, they e within seven or 
ne days after, d for that OEuse they wiH hardly be brought to Cisti- 
aty, but womhip stiH the devil, who daily appea to them. In their idola- 
tro coues, Gaudentib diis patriis quos religlose voient, . Xet 
are they ve supettitious, hke out wHd Ih: though thcy of the betr 
note, the n of Denmark and Sweden theelve that govern them, bo 
Luerans; the rent are Calvint» Lutherans, in any equally mixed. 
d yet the emperor hlms dukes of a Bavar» and the 
eleco, are most  profsed papiers. And though some pm of Franco 
«l Ireland. Gr »tn, half the OEntons  Swltzerland, and the Low 
tr, be ClvoEts, more defcoEte th the r, ye af odds amortit them- 
selve hot free ri-oto supettlo. nd whlch Bchard, the monk 
depton of the Holy Land, afr he had censured the Greek church, and 
show the erro, concluded at 1» ffi e e in mœe 
 thiœe, I y d ant there be nofopes  o chch.  a data 
of war stopid in one pce breaks out to another, so doth suttlo. 
y nothing of nabaptts, Sns, Brownts, Baowts, Famsts» &c. 
There  supeton  our praye, often  our hearng of serinons, bter 
conntions, invectives, peecuto, srange conoeits, besid dlver»ity of 
opio» schsms, fctions, Æc. But  the Lord (ob cap. xlii. . 7.) 
Eliph, the Ternaire, and h two fen, "his wrath w dl«d againt 
them, for hey had hot spoken of him thn that we rht :" we mayjustly 
of the matics and heretics, how e soever in theh  on conceit, 
ee oç de o OEey sk nog they think hot, they wrie hot ell 
G, and  they ought. And herefore «id uo, »ff or  Ermu 
conclud to Dorphs, ce eoloç àcim, aa q ecc, 
dde ed, q ««bro m«d«a«  hat shall we wh them but anam 
enem, and a ood phyician But more of the diënc, paradoxe 
Olfio mad pran»  the sympto: I now hatn o the s. 
SUE II.Caes of Religious melanchol. From the devil bg miracles, 
apparitions, orac&s. His instruments orJrs, offt&ians, t»riests, 
osWrs, 11«retics, blind #uides. n tm simplitg fear, blind zeal, 
rance» solitariness, curiositg pride, vain-fflorg res«m£iion» c. h 
fasa«ç, solitariness, hoe, JbaG c. 
W are taught  Holy ScEpture, tha e "evil ngeth abroad like a 
roarhg lion, st seekg whom he may devour :" d  h severM shapes, so 
by e enes and de,ces he goeth about  seduee us; sometimes he 
trsforms himoelf to an gel of ght; and  so eunnhg that he  able, 
if it were poble,  deeeive the ve decà. He  be wohipd,  m God 
himse and h so adored by the heathe and teeme& And h imitation 
tt die power,  nEusebius observes» °to able or emulate God's glo, 
 DanoEn adO, he wl bave all homage, sace, obérions» and whats 
h Dlort. Gentis Lapp. I Gens superstitionl obnoxi rdiomb advenu, k Boards de Magia. 
Ina scptimum aut nonum a baptismo diem moritur, llc fit, &c. Cap. de Inoei tvœe nctoe. 
mPla In Crlt. Doemon stodnthoum etrum domlni, utanialiu; echominibed 
et Ionlbus Imperant, vaticini aurais, nos test. lm fere lax. Tyrius, . I. et 26. 7. medios vt 
doem inter Deos et homin deorum minisrro pd hominum, a coeio ad homines dcendent. 
n Dc præpara/. Eangel. * 'cl in num Dei vel  ntionem. din» coin.  b. 2. 



church,  are liticlaus, samen, pt hereti, blind guid, imposto 
poeudo-prophets,  propaate s supetition. d fit to beçn of ]iticiaus 
it bath ever beena çriuç aom  ith them fo mn ]on or supeti- 
tion, whch they determe of» alter and vry un al] occions  o them 
sms best, they mae religion mere 
oeÇè alel ad regdos Igi amos ac stperstto,   Tacit and iTully hold. 
Austin 1. 4. de civitat. D c. 9. censur Scoevola ying and ackmowledg 
edire civitates relionefalli, that it w a fit thhg citi should be deceived 
by region, arng to the verb, i mund vult , tur, if the 
world 11  gull, let it be loe, 't od howsoever to keep it in sub- 
jectlon. 'T that k Afistotle and  Phto inculca 
neglecd, bfin pla to the city, ons a gap to aH naughtinem." 'T 
lhat which ail out hte poticia ingema. Cromerus, l. 2. po. list. 
 l. 3.  irementis urbium. Clapmatts, 1. 2. cap. 9.  A rcan um- 
b. cap. 4. lib. 2. polit. Capt Machiavd will bave a prince by ail mns to 
counteeit refion, to be supetitious in show at lst, to m to be devout, 
equent holy exerdoes, honour dignes, love the church, affe prits, 
um, Lycu, and such law-make were d did, on ut hism 
sed ut subditos re@bm metu.facilius in o contineant, to keep people 
obeenoe.  Nam naturdi ( Card wfites),  Chtiana  cci et, 
j««stitioe, fid simplicitat, Ac. But ts en-or of bi, Innocentius Jentettus, 
a Foench lawyer, thoerem. 9. mmt. 1.  elig. and Thom Bozi  hh 
bookiugentiumetEnmmhavecopiouslycond. Many liticns, 
I dare hot deny, mt refi#on 
Khout hy, ara tly zealous and oeligious themselv. Jtice and 
refi#on are the two chief props and supe of a weH-goveed common- 
wealth; but most of them are but Macavelians, counteffeits only for pofifical 
ends; forsohts r (wch CamneHa, p. 18. atlsmi tumvtti observ), 
 amont out mo,te Turks, reib. Finis, as owing 
ani, impium; and that, as bdlicus defive, "Aman without refigion, 
 fike a home without a bfidle." o way better to cb than sumtifio to 
tei men's oeienoes, and to koep them in awe: they make new laws, 
statut invent new reli#o, oeoemonies,  so many sng home, to their 
ends. r Hoee im (rdig@  faa sit, dum»w va edatur, animera 
f««iam dt, libidinu erca, bdis bpi obse9it . ere- 
fore (ith Polybi of Lycoegus), "d he mmin oeremo, hot that he 
w supetitio lf, but that he perceived moM men more apt to embtce 
parox th aught eloe, and dnmt atmpt no e th for fear of tho 
go." Thh w Zamols's stratagem amongst the racia, umds plot, 
when he said he h conference with the nymph geria, and that of Sefius 
with a hm; to get more cret to thdr decà% by defing them om the 
go; or ee they d a by die stin, which ichol Den well 
obse of Lycur, Solon, d Mos, they had the 
sro, by Jupiter  8o Mahomet roEen'ed hh new ws to the * angel 
Gabfid, by whose ion he gave out they were mad Calila in Dion 
feied himff to be faar with Ctor and PoHu and my ch, wch 
kept those Roma der (who,  Macavel prov,, lib. 1. 
12. we Bdigio ae moti, mt supetitiom) : and d curb the people 
g Rell,  they hol  poli, Inveded alone to keep 
ovL 5.  Veem. k Zeleuch prœeU legs qui m aut reportera inhabitant, pcnos ee 
opoet  Deos. I I0. de legib. Religio nlecta maxim ptem  civitatem fer omninm 
ecele fen at. mCd om. 
o Homo ne reon eicut equus sine o. 
f oy t it  enpposed to   d it 11 meental fer«,ci, rtin 1 
jets." r Lib. !0. Id Lycn c. non qnod ipse 
facili amplectl, nec r grav audere eine pericnlo deom. 



C73 

Inore by this means, than by force ofarmç, or severity of h,Lman laws. Sola 
pl&¢cula ectm «,gnoscebat (saih Vaninus, dial. 1. lib. 4. 
arcaa) speaking of religion, qu hci cOitgr , mjnates veto  phisophi 
neqquan, your grandees and philophers had no such conceit, sed ad 
impeii corornationen et amplatnou quam sine proetextu reloion 
non poterant; and nany thomands  all ages haro ever held m ranch, Phflo- 
sophers espedally, animadvtant bi semper hœec se fabellas, atn ch 
lutt publieoepoEestatis sihre cogantur, they were stfll silent for fear of laws, 
&c. Te th end that Syfian Phyresides, Pythagor his ter, brched in 
the East amongst the heathcns, first the immortMity of thesoul, Trismegtu 
) did in Egypt, with a many oftigned gods. ThoFrench and Bton Drds 
in the Vest fir.t taught, saith t Coesar, non interiee anlmas (that seuls did heu 
die), "but aftoE dth  go fmm one te another, that se they might encourage 
them te virtue." 'Twas fi»r a pohtio end, and te thh purpo the old Upoets 
tigned those Elysian field their acug bIinos, and Rhadanthus, the 
infernal judge, and those 8tygian lakes, fiery hlegethons, Pluto's kingdom, 
and ¢ariety oftorments after death. Those that had done well, went te tho 
Eysian fields, but evil doe te Cocytus, and te that buing lake of  hell wi 
fie and brimstone for ever te  tormented. 'Tis thh which y lato laboure 
for in his Phoedon, et 9..de rep. The Tur in theoE Alcoran, when they 
clown rewards, and several puhments for eve particuhr ¢irtue aad ce, 
when they persuade men, that they that die h battle sH go rectly te 
heave but wicked livem te eternal torment, and all of all sos (mu le 
out papistical purgary), for a oet rime shall be toured 
appea by that tract which John Baptista Alfaqui, that 3Iaufitanian priest, 
new turaed Christian, bath ittea in hh coutatiou of the Alcoram After 
"a man'a death two black angels, Nuuqr and equir (se they call them) corne 
te him te hh grave and punish him for his precedent sius; if he hved well, 
they torture him thc less; ff ill, per indint cructus ad di judicii, they 
incsançly push m te the day of judgment. Venw vlveium qui ad 
]wt ment@nent non totus et et c«,nt»ffscit, the thought of thh ctces 
them all their hces long, and makes them spend thdr days in ting and 
prayer, ne ma c contingant, &c. A Tar prince, saith Iarcus Pohts, 
lib. 1. cap. 28. OElled Sen de Monfibus, tire tter te establish his ve- 
ment amongst his subjects, and te keep tlmm in ave, round a convenient 
in a plent vMley, enviroued th hiBs, h «*wch 'ho ruade a delicious 
park full of odofifemua flowem and its, anda palaoe of aH worldly eonn," 
that oeuld mibly be dedsed, music, pictur, variety of mts, &c., and 
cltose out a certain young man, whom with a asoi orffeus potion ho 
benumbed, that he perceived nothing: "and se ft leep 
him te be oenveyed into thLq fair gaMen;" where aer he had lived awhile 
in ail such pleures a sensual man oeuld desire, "He cast him into a sleep 
ain, and brought him forth, that when he awaked ho might tell othoes ho 
had been in Parade." The like he did for hell, and by t means brought 
his people te aubjection. BeoEuae heaven and hell are mentioued 
turcs, and te  beHeved necs by Chriians: se cunngly  the de 
and s minutera, in imifion of true relion, coungeit and forge the ke, 
te circumvent and delude hh mpetitious tbllowem. any such tficka and 
impostures are acted by pohticns,  Ca escially, but with vt effect 
 will diourse  the aymptomg 
 LIb. 16. beiR GllcL Ut metu mort negleo, ad dtem lncltarent u De  ]c Luclanm de Inctu 
m. I. Homer. Ody I l. Virg. n. fi  Baratheo tre et flma stante oeum demerbam. 
Y Et3. tic r¢pub, omnls Institutio oltnm ce vernoe u¢ de  ne entier oh ommt nu 
a Iole • Citra , vi4ri pntavit mnm  pchem um, fiob odorat et ab 
lcnum, . a Fo/um quend dedit quo inatus et av] pare oi, prCltS, in ridari terim 
duccbatur, &e. b Aqne it¢r mcmorat potum bibendum exhiber, et 
 gwu evare por¢ solntg g  X 



[Part. 3. Sec. 

Next to politicians, if I may distinguish thenn, are sonne ofour priests (who 
nnake religion policy), if hot tr beyond them, for they domineer over princes 
and statesmen thennselves. Carnifm exercent, one saith they tytuniso 
over men's nsciences more than any other tormentors whatsoevet; partly for 
their commodity and gain; Edigionum enim o:nnium abusus (as Postellus 
holds), quoestus sci[ice sac.fwum in cazsa e.s: fr eovereignty, credit: to 
maintain their state and reputation, out of ambition and avarice, which are 
theix chief supporters: what bave they not made the comon people beiJeve 
]mpossibilities in nature, incredible things; what devices, traditions, cere- 
monies, bave they hot invented in ail ages to keep men in obedience, to enrich 
themselves Quibus qœestui sunt capti #uprstition animi, as àLivy saith. 
Those Egyptiau priests of old got ail the sovereignty into their hands, and 
knowing, as eCurtius insinuates, nul res ecaius multitwlineTn regit 
superstitio; melius vatibus quàm ducibus parent, vanâ re[igion capti, etiam 
im2otelttesfoemin; the common people will sooner obey priets than captains, 
and nothing so forcible as superstition, or better than blind zeal fo fuie a 
multitude; have so terrified and gulled them, that if i incredible fo relate. 
Ail nations almost bave been beaotted in this kind; amongst out P, ritons and 
old Gauls the Druids; nnagi in Persia; philosophers in Greeee; Chaldean» 
amongst the OrientM; Brachmaani in India; Gymnosophists in Ethiopia; the 
Turditanes in Spain; Au.-rs in Rome, ha;'e insulted; Apoilo's priests in 
Greece, Phœebades and Pythonissoe, by their oracles and phantasms; Amphi- 
arius and lais companions; now mahometan and paffan priests, what can they 
hot effect? How do they hot infatuate the world? tldeo ubique (as Scaliger 
writes ofthe mahometan priests), tum gentium tutu locorum, gens ista sacrorum 
ninistra vul/i secat spes ad en qu ilsi fingunt somnla, "so cunnigly car- 
they gtll the commons in ail place and countries." But above ail othera 
that high priest of Rome, the data of that monstrons ad superstitious brood, 
the bull-bellowing pope, which now rageth in the West, that three-headed 
Cerberus hath played his part. "g Whose relion at this day is mere policy 
e. state whoily composed of superstition and wit, and needs nothing but wit and 
tmperstition to maintain if, that nseth collegea and relious houses to as goo'3 
purpose as forts and castles, and doth more at this day" by 
scribbling parasites, fiery-spiritd friars, zealons anchorites, hypocritical con 
fessors, and those pretorian soldiers, his Janissary jesuits, and that dissociable 
society, as Langius terres it, postremus diaboli conatus et sœeculi ecremetum, 
that now stand in the fore front of the battle, will have a monopoly of, and 
engross all other learning, but domineerin diinity, i 
belli, and fight alone almost (for the test ar but his dromedaries and asses), 
than ever he could have donc by gawisons and arnnies. "¥hat power ofprinc 
or penal law, be if never so strict, could entbrce men to do that which for cou. 
sciene-sake they will voluntarily undergo ? As tv fast from ail flesh, abstain 
from marriage, rise to their prayersat midnight, whip themselves, with stupend- 
us fasting and penance, abandon the world, wilful poverty, pezçorm canonical 
and blind obedience, fo prostrate their goods, fortunes, bodies, lires, and offer 
up themselves at theirsuperiors'feet, athiscommandl What so powmçulan 
engine as superstitionl which they right weil perceiving, are of no religion 
ail themselves: Frimum enim (as Calvin rightly suspects, the tenor and 
practice of their life proves), arcant illius theologiw, quod apud eos reejnat, 
caput est, nullum esse deum, they hold there is no God, as Leo X_ did, ]:Iflde- 
brand the magician, Alexander VI., Julins Il., mere atheists, and which the 
=ommon provexb amongst thrm approves, «  The worst Christians of ItMy are 
 Ltb. I. de orb. Coneord. cap. 7. d Lib. 4. • Lib. 4. 
onsult de princ inter provlnc. Europ i Lnctan. "By themselve utatn thc brttut of every b&ttle" 
• . Ed. ad in his Rel'io. 



]Iem. I. Sub 2.] CusA ef .Relgous Al'elancl«,lg. "675 
the Romans, of the Romans the press are wildes, the lewdes pests a 
preferrvd te be cardi£% and the bddest man amon the OErdih 
chooea o be po," hat  an epice,  most pa the popes are, infide 
and Lucianist for o they hiak d believe; end whaç h aid of Christ te 
be fbl and impostures, of heavea and he day of judgment» 
immmality of the » are a, 
"I Rores vu, verbue inans, 
« Dr, toys, and old wivoE tales.  Yet  so many m whetstones fo me 
other too cut, but cttt not themselves, though they be of no religion ai 1, 
they w me othe most devout and superstitious, by proes d thrts, 
oempeÇ enfo from, and lead them by the nose Hke so many bears in a Hne 
when  their end  hot to propaga the church, advance God's ngdom, 
scck His glory or common good, but to enrich theve to enrge their 
teto to doeer and oempel them to stand  aw to ve  subjtion 
to the SOe of Rome. For what otheise oem they i mu,ul$ , 
ptur, "siuce the world wishes to be lled, let it be gled, 'tis fit if 
shonld  sa Ad for which Aat cites Vaso to maint his Roman 
reHgion, we may better apply fo them : multa vra, çuoe vu[g scrv 
t e tru some tl, which for their own ends they wiH hot have the 
h commonty take notioe o£  well may witns their intolcrable 
covetmns, stage forgeries, fopri, fooleries, umghteo subtlties, 
postures, irisions, new doctrines, padoxes, tditio, ç mh-acles, 
wch they bave stfll forged, to enthraÇ circumvent and subjugate them, to 
tain the o esa One while by bulls, pardon, indgenc and 
their doctres of good works, that they be meritorio, hope of heaven, by 
that mes they ve so flceced the commolty, and spm-red on ts ffee 
superstitio hme, tlmt he ns himse bld, and  an s to OEr burde. 
OEhey bave so amped Peter'spatmony, tt fmm a poor bishop, he  become 
e um, Domin do»nina»tiu a demigod, as s cnoms make h 
(FeHnus and the rest), above OEd hi«lf. And for his wealth and PtemmH- 
ti»  not erior to many k]n: qh cardin prince' companions: and 
in eve gdom almost, abbots, is, mon, is, &c., and h er, 
ha engred a rthird part, half,  some places ail, into their handa Thrce 
pn elec  Germany, bhops; besides Magdeburg, Spire, Stsbg, 
Breme, Bbcrg, &a In France,  Bodine, lib.  repub. ves us fo under- 
and, the revenu are 12,300,000 lies; and of twlve parts of the 
nu in Fnce, the church poeseth seven. The Jesuits, a new ct, ben 
 th age, bave,  SMiddendor[,ius nd tPelg reckon up, three or lbur 
undred colleges  Euro, d mm revenues than my proes. In Fmnoe, 
 Aoldus proves,  ty ym they bave got b tum libram 
annua, 200,000£ I say notng of the rt of the orde. Ve ve had 
in gland,  Armacnus &motmtes, above 30,000 fr at onoe, d 
USd oellects out of Loed and othem, ost 600 ligious hou, and 
ear 200,000.  revenu of the old renç belong to them, aid imag 
of gold, sfiver, plate, te, goods and ornaments,  x Weever OElcula 
and esems them at the solution of abbeys, woh a mon of gold. 
many towns in ery kingdom bath superstition eched] Vhat a de of 
monçv by mty reHcs, ag, idolatry, bave their ma-pri enod, 
1S¢ m Vioe flN acu ddere quoe forum v¢ exor$ ip $oE 
De b.  p. 31. o eng thei o th Pa t Ch«t'a P e bath the chy of Spoleto 
Ity, OEe rqul of Ancon. beslde Romc, and the tofies en Bolo Fea  A- 
gnon  anc  q Este a e, et cl h m. r The Li pt their 
i.s those stuç of mo, tain, s Lib. . de Acsde. t Pfa li de paroz. JuiRom. 
pvincis habet CoL 36. eapol. 23. Vene 13. Lucit. 15. lndia olen . Br 20,  
çom t. H . x lS. cap. of  fer mOnea 



676 ehj{ou «lw//. [Part. 3. S, ,. 4. 
and what sums bave they rapoe by thelr other tric] retto in Italy, 
Vingham h England,  tho days, U nia auto nnt, "where cvery- 
thing shin with gold," sth Ermus, St. Thom's shHne, &c., y witn. 
 Delphos  renowaed of old in Groeoe for Apollo's oracle, Ds commu 
cbulum  poum 
weMth were sustMned by lion, were hot 
get but a relic of me st, the Vn Ia's picture, idoh or the  tt 
,-ity L for ever ruade, it noe no other mainnaaoe. ow ff any of tho 
their impost or juggg tHcks be oentrove, or OEed in qution: ffa 
mmous or zealoas Luther, an Heroi Luther, 
him, dare touch the mon' bees, MI is in a oembtio a h h an uproar : 
Demetrius d h sociat are ry to pu him h pie, to keep up 
he trdes, "Grt h Diana of the Ephia:" with a ghty shout oftwo 
hou 1o they w roar d not be 
Now for their authoHty, what by auHcul confusion, satfaction, penance, 
Pes key thundegs, exoemmunicatn &c., roaring bu, this gh 
1,t of Rome, shaag hh Gorgon's hd, bath  rrified the so of manv 
a sy ma ted over majesty itoelç and swaggered genemlly over a! 
Eope for many agi, d sti doth to some, holng them  yet in slavh 
ubjection,  never tanning Spani did by their poor negroes, or Turks 
by the Dey-slav. "The bhop of Rome (saith Stapleton, a parite 
of h, de M. Ecc. loE. 2. p. 1.) bath done at hout arms, which those 
Ro emperom oetdd never achieve th foy leo of soldiem," depod 
]d, and crowned them again with h foot, made fHends, and oerrect a¢ 
his pleure, . 'Tis a wonder, th MhveL Fre**ti h. l. 1. 
« what slavery King Hen II. endured for the dth of Thom à Bkett, 
what tgs he w enjoined by the Pope, and how he submitted himlfto do 
that wlfich in out t a pvate man wod not endure," and  through 
superstitiom d He IV. dhp ofhis empe, stoodbarefood th 
at the gaa of Canossus. Fredericthe Emror w trodden on by exander 
III., another held Adrn's sth*rup, gJohn med the kn of Pdulphos 
the Pope's legate, &c. Vhat de so many thoand Chtia travel from 
Franoe, Bri &c., into the Holy Land, snd such huge su ofmoney, go 
a pilotage so OEmifiarly to Jerulem, to crp and crouch, but s[ah sur- 
station ? What mak them so frly venture the v, to leave their native 
oeuntri, to go 
s fo meet dth, murder kings, but a fMse persuion of merit, of nonioEl 
or blind obeenoe wch they imtil hto them, and ate them by stmnge 
illio, hope of beg ma and saints? such pretty fea n the dcvfi 
work by priets, d so weD for the own vantage OEn they play the pa. 
nd ff if ere hot yet enough, by pests and poEticiansto delude makind, 
and cmcffy the souh of men, he bath more actom in  tragy, more irons 
in the tire, another soene of hereti tiom» ambious ts, ilent spits, 
schti, impostor¢ fae prophe, bld gdes, that out of pride, sin- 
laty, va-glory, blind L cae much mo madn yet, t MI in an uproar 
by their new doct, paradoxe, figments, crohe, make ne 
subdio, ne secte oppooe one superstition to another, one kingdom 
anothcr, oemmit pHnoe and subies, brother ait brother, ther t 
  the n and destction of a commonwlth, to the dturbance of 
 d to me a general oension of  tat. How did those ria 
Y PaI in Li lib. 3. em de ch b. . eu$ moe o et vde Ine]* lama. 
a Exerc& E. CoH. 3. di. 
J d  re evek  em oek  pe k  q perator Ro,ni 40. leionibus 



677 

rage of old  how many did they eircumvent Those Pelagian., 
&c., their names alone would make a just volume. How many silly souls 
bave imposto st duded, dtwn away, and qe ienated flore Chrtl 
Lucn's Alexander Simon Mas, whose statue was to be seen and adored 
Rome, saith Jtu Iaryr, ïm d S«, &c., afr h de--e, fApol- 
lonius Tiauœeus, Çynops, Eumo, who by counterfeitg some new ceremoes 
and juggling tricks of tha  Syria, by spittg tire, and the le, got n 
army together of 40,000 men, and did much harm : with E  s, of 
whom Nubrigens speaks, oE. 1. c. 19. that  King Stepheu's days itated 
most of Chlt's mcle fed I know no how many people  the wde, 
aud bIt ctles in the a, &c., to the sucg of muliud of poor u. 
In Fmnoenia, 1476, a be mte fellow 
ptach, John ehe by naine, a ntbe at ichousen, he suoed 30,000 
peons, aud was taken by he oemmoaly to be a mostboly n, corne 
heaven. "T«]men lefç heir sho, women their dista, servauts tan 
ri'oto tbcir asrs, chdre from their pnçs, schola le the tuto, ail 
to ht lm, some for novelty, some for zeaL He was bmt at t by tbe 
Bbop of WaroEburg, and so he and h heresy vanihed 
any such imposto, fae prophets, bave v in every ks rei what 
chronicles wl ot afford such exmples thatas so many  ui, bave 
ld men out of tue y, teified some, delud ohers, tat are ap to be 
mrried abou by the blstof every d, a de constan mitude, a silly 
compauy of poor souls, that follow alÇ aud are clutered ogeher e so may 
IebbI lu a tide. Vhat prodigio follies, madus» restions, ecutions, 
absurditie imssibiliti, the impostors, heretioe, &c., bave thrt upou 
the wodd, what strauge effeea sh be shown  the symptoms. 
Now the meam by whieh, or advantages the devil and his infeal minutera 
tak  to delude and disqet the world with sueh ie oeremoM, fMse d 
trucs, supertitious fopries, are from themsdv, innate for, ignorance, 
implieity, hope and fear, those two battoeing no and pei engin, 
with the oLec, reward and punhment, pgatory, Lms Patère, &c. 
hieh now more than ev tyran ; "hfor what proee  ri'ce flore 
athem, superstition, idolatry, sehism, heresy, impiety, thek aem and fol- 
lowers thenoe they proc, d ff-oto that me dyed age of God, 
weh  yet remaining  ua 
"1 Os homini ube dt, eque tuefl 
Out own oenseienee doth dietate so mueh unto us, we know thee  a God 
d ture doth info us i ug ge tare battra (saith Tly) 
deat hæe psio Dm se; sed n Scyt, 
Hypbors dset ( Maximus Tyrius the Platont, s. 1. fher adO), 
 con'it c inrum habita, let him dweH where he wilÇ  what 
oet soever, there  no nation oe barbous that  not peuaded them la a 
God. It is a wonder to rd of that finite supetition amortit the In,us 
in ts nd, of their tenets in Ameri v suo quq libu var ¢ ve- 
rab«ntur superstltiose, plantas, «nilla, mont, &e. om 
han (some few places excepted as he n, that had no God af a) So 
"the hçens dedare the glory ff God, and the firmament decles  handy 
'ork," salm xi "Every create wHl evince 
quoellbet l'ba dm. ont sunt, faen invi, as the said Tyri pro- 
ce, wi or ni, they mt acknowledge if. ŒEhe I,hosophers, Socms, 
fHieles ¢ontend Apolloniu  bave boen a t 
 Ms/ar ('osmog. I. • c. 37. Ar/iflc ex ocis, arator è iv foeuoe  colu. & qi ue qu,da 
rap n prmtibus et domln rects eunU  Comb demum ab Herbilei Epl 
evanuih h Null non pr«,vincia hribç, Atheismis, &¢. pien Nuilus orb an ab bi-ce beJlui$ 



lato, Ploinus, Pythagor, Tfismes, Sen Epictet, those agi, 
rtdds, &c. went  far  they cod by the gh of nature ; kma 
¢ urd d spta rdunt, «writ many thiu weH of the natu of 
God, but they had but a co ht, a g" 
• '1 Quale per Inoem lam b lu ma 
" he that wa by moonse in a wood," they oped  the dk ; they 
hoe a gross owledge,  he  Euripid, 0 D ququoE 
ive rr, w allud qu], and that of tot]e, E enium m«r . And 
so of the moty of the soul, and future happe 
ani (ith Hierom) P9tor«s smnv, Democr n cr, inco 
l«ne mnis  ocraes in c«rcere dis«v ; I, Perse, CotA, 
&c. Phsopnur. So me d th«, me tha  they conoeived them- 
se]ves, which the devil perceing, led them faher out (mn 
and ruade them worsp m  the God th stocks and snys, d e 
themse]v  their own dtion, a he thought fit hiel spired his 
i,ests and minLters with ]i and ficçions to psecute the me, which they 
tbr the o en were as wng ço under, takg advte of theoE n- 
],]ioEty, fe and ioranoe. For the common people are as a flock of sheep, a 
d tera rou void many tim of common oenoe, a ere 
tru cau wi]l go wtheoever they are led:  you ld a mm 
ov a gap by the hors, ail the rt wi foow, nHon q eundum, s quâ 
iur, they wi do  they e othe do, and  the prinoe wil] bave hem, let 
him be of what reon he wi]l, they are for him. ow for these ido]ate, 
axentius and Liciu then for Consentie a Christian. °Çui CArtu»t 
«, a pOE, d«mum  D, for two home' spaoe; qui Chtu»t 
 colun,  uti ini£ , oeum   ; and by and by 
idoters again der that Aposte Jauus;  AxTian undcr ConScrit, 
good Catho again under Jonnus, "And ]itt]e derenoe there  betwoen 
the discretion of men and cn in th ce, pecl]y of old fo and 
women,  PCaan disoeueth, when  they are ed with f and sur- 
stitio and wth other men's fo]ly axtd dhonty." So çhat I may y the 
ioce  a OEe of the supetitio a sptom, and ma ielf: 
pp[ii ca« , p[iu sui. Their o fr, foHy, stupity, to be 
deplored lethar, is that wch v occin to the other, and s the 
eri on their o heada For  a the religions and superstitions, 
amongst our ido]ate, you sh] fiud that the parti fit affected, a 
de, iomnt ople, old fol that are tumlly pne to petition, wk" 
women, or me poor, de, illitem peo, that e at to be wrought upon, 
and lled  th  prone without either expiation or due oeidetion 
(for they te up relion a trus as at meroe' they do their r)  beHeve 
ytg. And the bt m they bave to brch firs or  mn it 
hen they have don h  keep them stl  ioranoe: for "iomnoe  the 
other of devotion,"  a the wor]d o, d these tim  amply 
tn Th bath boen the del's pmctioe, and  fern ters'  ail 
a; hot as o Sao by a few sly fisheen, to od the wom of 
the wor]d,  ve puUcas and sner but  ke advante of the 
ranoe, to conve them and the ocia; and that th way better eect 
'hat they tend, they hein,  I y, with poer qstupid, m perso 
 Iahomet d when he pubhed  Alcor, whtch  a pi of work 
• chl. ! ïrg. 6.  m Supltlo ex Iorantla nIta eme ex fio ullone 
 o eb.  t fluc et c  oet nie quem imploreç 
,a a e le dep   &   nn  o Ve Sarom 
ann 32t t ust  De  vaemt« !. a a 3a Pam vero st pivir a 
ue. m m n  mmm, c m et supeoEione et ena gi 



679 

(saith r Breclenbachius) "full of nonsense, barbarism, coufuAon, ithout rhyme, 
reason, or any goed oempoeition, first publhed to  compny of rude stics, 
hog-bbem, tht had no scretion, judent, art, or understnding, nd  so 
till maintained." For it is a part of their poH to let no mn commen dare 
to dpute or 1  question to t day ny part of it, be it aever  absurd, 
creble, fidicou çbo  it , mt be beHeved impl, un pin of 
deth no man must dare to contict it, " God and the emperor," . What 
else do our papists, but by keeping the people in aorce ent and broch 
their new ceremoni nd traitions, when they con the scripture, rd 
iu tin, nd to some few Mone, feeding the aIavish peole 
with tul out of legen, and auch ke tbulo noetio I Whom do they 
begin with but collaed 1, some few tradesmen, supetitio old folks, 
ilhrate peinons, weak wome discontent, de, silly oempao, or oner 
circument I  do MI out hismatioe and hereti. Mcus and Valentan, 
heretics, in Irenoe, suc first I know hot how many women, and mdo 
them believe they were prophets, t Fr Coelius of Do suced a com- 
pany of silly womem What e ll our nabptists, browts, baos, 
fis, but a compny of de, flliterte, capfio, be fellows What ar 
most of our pptB but stupid, iomnt and bnd bayards? how shod they 
otherwe be, when  they re brought up and kept stiH in darknJ " 
their pastom (saith Lvate hd done the duties, d instcd the fl 
 they ought, in the principl of Cistian relio or had aot forbiddenthem 
the reading of ptu, they had hot been  they e." But being so 
moe  the Hv in superstition, d car hoed-winked ke hw, how 
c they prove otheroe thon blind idiots, and supetitio asses  wt else 
shl we expect t their hands either is if scient  keep them blind, and 
in cimmeriun daress, bt withÇ  aschoelmr doth by h boys, to 
them follow their boe, metes by good ho, promis nd encourage 
ents, but most of ail by fr, strioE dcipHne, severity, threats and punh- 
mnts, do they coogue and the up the sy urs, and so bg them 
into  foels' parade.  er aiun$, i zecSèci, do well, thou shMt be 
crowaed; but for the most pa by threats, terrom, d afl}ights, they tyran- 
nie nd i the distressed souls : knowg that fer alone  the le and 
only m to keep mea  oence, accoing to that hetichium of Petro- 
nius, m in orbe deos fois t, the fear of some e and supreme 
we, keeps men  obedience, mk the people do the duties: they play 
un their consciences; which w pmcted of old  Egt by their 
lnts; when there w  ecpe, theymade the people beHee God 
a, great meea wet  corne; they tke Ml opportiti of tal 
cauœeB fo delude the pple's se, and with fe tal out of pnrgatory, 
fei appitio, ethquak  J apon or C, tragi exampl of 
dev, posio obsessions, floe miracles, couneit oas, &c. They 
do so st over and restrain them, neve hoby so dar 
ot Yoffend the ls traction, tread, or scaroe loek a: Ds be ( Luvater 
exclus) ft o cntum  puzgato misè o1 goed God, how 
my men have been merably acted by t fiction of purga 
To these oevang of hope and fear, iornce d sin»pcity, he hat 
seerM en, traps, devices, to batter and enth, omitting no oppouni- 
ti, acoerdg to men's severM cHtionB abti, to circumvent and 
o them, to mta  supemtitio, someti to stupffy, best them : 
 Poen. [ero  5. to riptum eonfusum sine ordre veI colore, absque n et tione 
ticitmo& Idem diB dismw, et proue « qui iue erant dioetios, ut jue pen 
s Lib. L cap. 9. Vent. h 9. t eten,  . ht. Belg. u Si ducr su ft oci, 
 plebem Oei mm r institunt  nœe chtnoe pibus, u OE pt m' 
•eut, de m ult,s p,'U idub,o c 8casint. x Curtl   
Coa THdcut. dr l'w'ario, s I- OE 15.  



(80 d;gua Jrelancof!]. [Part. 3. Sec. 

sometimes again by oppositions, çactions, to set all af odd and la an nproar; 
sometimes he fec one ma and makes him a principal agent; aometimca 
who]e citi, countris. If of meaner ao, by stupidity. ¢uonical obedienc% 
bd al, &o.  of better no, by pride, ambition, popularity, vain-glory. 
If of the clerc. d more eminent, of betr parts thau the rt, mo led. 
eloquenç, he pu çhem up with a vn conceit of the own wort $¢ia 
inflati, they begin to well. and corn a tho world  respect of theelves, 
and theupou turn hoEeti, schmti, broach new doctrine, framo nev 
crochets and the liko; or ehe out of too much learg become mad, or out of 
curiosity they will srch to God' cret and t ofthe forbidden uit : or 
out of pumption of their hole and good gins, spatious. become pro- 
phets, enth, and wt hot  or ehe if hey bo pled, sconten 
and haro hot ( they suppose) prefement to their woh. vo somo ce, 
repulso, neglec or hot esteemed  they fondly lue themselves, or out of 
omulation, they begin presently to rago and ve, coelum rroe mt. they 
becomo so impatient  an inst, that a whole gdom cauuot contah them, 
they w set all h a combtion, all at varioe, to be revenged of their adver- 
. aDonatus, when ho saw Ceciliaus I»refewod before him in tho bishop- 
tic of Carthage, turned heretic, d so did Aria beoEo Alender w 
advanced : wo have exampl at home, and too many oxporiments ofsuch per- 
sons. If they be la.en of botter note, the me engin of pd% ambition. 
emulation, and jealousy, take phce, they wfll be gods theelv: bAlexander 
n India, after h ctories, beoEme  insolent, he wod be aod for a god t 
and those oman emperm OEme to that helght of madn, they must havo 
templ bufit to them, cfifioes to their deities, Dits Augustu% D. Claudius, 
. Aianus :  eogabalus, "put out tt vl tire at Rome, exlled the 
r, and banished ail other religio a over the world, d would be tho 
sole God him" Out T, Ca kings, t Chams, and $Iogo do 
ttle ]s, suming divine and bombt titl to themselv; the mner sort 
are too cmdulous, and led with blind zl, bd obedienoe, to prosecute d 
nminin whatever their soth lde s propose, what they  pride and 
sinfity, reveuge, vlory, ambition, spleen, for gain, shall rhlymain- 
tain and broach, the dcipl make a matter of consciece, of he and dam- 
nation, if they do it no d wi rather foke ves, children, hoe. d 
home, lands, goods, foun, le itse]f, than omit or abjure the ]eç tiçt]e «»f 
it, and  advance the common cauæ, dergo any mefies, turn tmitors, 
ss, pseudo-may with fl msuoe and hope ofreward  that other 
world, thattheyshaceainlymeritby it, w heaven, be OEnoed for sain 
Now when they are truly posed th bld zeal, and led th super- 
stition, he hath many other baits to inveigle d inçatuage them faher yet,  
make them quite moified and mad, and that under colore" of peoEection to 
mefit by penanoe, going wolwm-d, whipping, ms, fastings, &c. An. 1320. 
there was a sect of whippem in Germany, tt, to the nisment of the 
beholders, lahed, and cruelly toured themselves. I could ve many other 
instances of each paicu. But the works so done are meritofio,  
ope oato,  cd, for themselves and othem, to make them macerate 
and consume their bodies,  rtut  ua, those evangelJ cosels 
are propounded, m o pseudo-oEthooE OE them, canonial obedienoe, wilfltl 
poverty, Ovo ofchtity, monke, and a so]itv le, whichextend almostto 
11 reHo, d superstitions, to Turks, ChJ, GenoE, Abyssi, 
Greeks, Lats, and a countfi. Amongst the test, ftg, contemption, 
sogta, ara  it were certain ra by which the devfi doth batr and 
a A b us. lib 8. • Lampdlus a eJu 'irne v et m iem Rm 
ex)inxt, et es ubique per orm teoe relilo, uum h stndes ut lus donc lerctur. 4 FI* 
101 bta. ter. k & Co«mug. tap. 19. s Vot cbai mouachat 



]iem. 1. Subs. 2.J C«uses ofPellgious Melancholy. 681 
xvork upon the strongest constitations. 2Vonnulli (saith Peter Fostus) oh 
longas idias, st'ad e meditates coelges,  rebus sr  relig- 
agitant» by uting overmuch, and divine mcditations, arc ovcrcome. oç 
fting is a thing ielf to be ucommended, for if is an exoellent menus to 
koep the body in subjection a prepaltive to devotion, the physic ofthe soul, 
by which chaste thoughts are engendcred, truc zeal a divine spit» whcnce 
wholome counseh do preed, concupcenoe  restrn, ciotm and 
minant lusts and hamours are expellcd. The fath are very much  com- 
lnendation of i and, as Calvin note¢ " sometimes immodote. The moth«:r 
of health, key of heaven, a spiritual wing to erea u¢ the chariot of e ttoly 
Ghost, bner of falth" &c. And 'ris te they y of it, ff iç be modera¢ely 
and asonably n, by such parti  Mooes, Eli, DaSe C-ist, and 
g atles me use of it; but when by this mes they wi supererogate and 
 Ermus well taxeth, Cœeelum n suoE'ere putant »u i, eaven 
toc small a rewd for it; they make choice of rimes and mente buy and ll 
their merit¢ attribute more fo them than fo the n Commandments, and 
cont it a greater sin to est ment in Lent, t]an to kill a man, and as 
sayeth, Plus rpciunt assura piscem, quam Chrtum crucifixum, plus 
hem 9m» Sol,»none, quibus i ore G'hr$us, Epicurus lu corde, " pay more 
respect to a brofied fish than to Christ mified, mure regard to ualmon than 
to 8olomon, have Christ on their lips, but Epicurus in their hrts," when some 
counteeit, and some attlJbute mo to sueh wo of theh than to 
death aud »ion ; the devfl oets in a foot, utrangely dcludes them, and by 
that means makes em to ovehrow the mperature of their bodies, and 
hazard the souls. ever y strange ifiusions of devils amongst bel-toits, 
amchotes, never any vions, phantms, apparitions, enthsiasms, prophets, 
any revelations, but immode»ate fting, bad diet, sickess, melcholy, 
tarhess, or some such rhino, were the precedent cas» the foroeunnet or 
concomittn of them. The best oppounity and sole occasion tho deviI 
to do[e them. h[arciHus Cogaat, lib. 1. oene. cap. 7. hath many stories fo 
this ppose, of such  after long fasting hure boen seduced by devfls; d 
"ith a mh'aculous thing to relate ( Catin writcs) what strange accidents 
pmce from çting; dreams, superstitions, contempt of torments, desire of 
death, propheos, paradoxcs, madness; fastg natumlly prepares mes to 
the things." lonks, anchoritos, and the like, after much emptess, bome 
olancholy, veigino, they think they hear strange nois cotffer wioE hob- 
goblin devils, rivel up the boxes, et dura hostem insequimur, sMth GregoT, 
e& quem diliglmus, trucidamus, they bome bare skeleton. 8a d bones 
elumn. Hilarion, as kHierome repo in his lire, and Athanasius of Ant 
nius, w so baro with fting, "that tho 8kin did 8carce stick to the bon; 
for want of rai»ours he could hot sleep, and for want of sleep becamo idle- 
headed, heard evex T night infants cry, oxen low, wolves howl, ons roar (as 
he thought) clattering of chains, trange voices, and the fike illusions of 
devils." Such symptoms are common to those that fg long, are soli, 
given fo contemplatmn, overmuch sotariness and mitation. ot that the 
things (as I said of fasting) a to be dcommended of themoelv, but ery 
behoveihl in some cases and good : sobriety and coatemplatioa jo out sou 
fo God, as tLat heathea orphyrie can H us. " WEcstacy  a ste of 
 IIIçtl I ethum lidc porla 1 »aldlS vita angelorum,  g Ca$tigo corp meu PaoE h Mor 
encore, iLlb. 8. cap. lO. e rerum valetate: admirativne d,a unt quoe I,er Jejuum hue 
ntvgut : mn eupettilio, contempt lt«,ru, mortie dideri, obstinata opinio, ean,a. 
jcjunium naturaliter proeparat ad ha'c omnla, k Epist. L 3. ltç attcnvat full jejvnio et g, m 



$82 JtIiçgoua Mel, andwh d. [Part. 3. Sec. 4. 

future happiness, by which we are utfited unto God, a divine melancholy, a 
spiritual wing Bonaventure terres it, fo lift us up to heaven : but as it 
abused, a rnere dot•ge, madness, a cause and sympom of religious melan- 
choly. ,, n If you shail at any time sec (saith Guianerius) a religious person 
over-superstitious, too solitaT, or mueh given to fasting, that man will eertainly 
be melaneholy, thou mayest boldly say it, he wiil be so." P. Forestus bath 
almost the same words, and °Cardan snbtil lib. 18. eg cap. 40. l./b. 8. de 'erum 
voErietate, "solitariness, fasting, and that melaneholy humour, are the causes 
of ail hermits' illusions." Lavater, de sp«ct, cap. 19. part. 1. and part. 1. cap. 
10. put soliariness a main cause of such sletrums and apparitions ; none 
saith he, so melaneholy as monks and hermits, the devil's bath melaneholy; 
" Phone so subjeet to rasions and dot•ge in this kind as sueh as lave solitary 
laves, they hear and act strange things in their dotage." qPolydore Yirgil 
lib. 2. de lrrodiçiis, "holds that those propheciea and monks' revelations, nuns' 
dreams, whieh they suppose eome from God, fo proceed whoily ab inainctu 
doevrumum» by the devil's means ; and so those enthusiasts, anabaptists, 
pseudo-prophets from the saine cause, rFraeastorins, t/b. 2. de intellect. ill 
bave ail your pythonesses, sybils, and pseudo-prophets to be mere melaneholy, 
so doth M,'ierus prove, lib. 1. cap. 8. et l. 8. cap. 7. and Areulanus in 9. Rha- 
sis, that melaneholy as a sole cause and the devil toge•bel; with tàsting, and 
solitariness, of such sybilline prophecies, if there were ever sueh, which with 
"Casaubon and others I justly except at; for it is hot likely that the Spirit of 
God should ever revcal sueh manifest revelations and predietions of Christ, to 
those Pythonissoe witehes, Apoilo's pries•s, the devil's ministers (they were no 
better), and eoneeal •hem from his own prophets; for these sybils set down all 
partieular cireumstanees of Christ's coming, and many other future accident• 
far more ,perspieuous and plain than ever any prophet dicL But howsoever 
there be no l°hoebades or sybils, I ara asured there be other enthusiasts, 
prophets, dii .Fatidici 5Ia, (of whieh read Jo. Boissardus, who bath labo- 
riously colleeted them into a great •volume of la•e, with elegant pietures, and 
epitomised their llves) &c., ever bave been in ail ages, and still proeecding 
from those causes,  qui visiones suas enarrant, samniant futura, 17rev[,haisant, 
et ejusmodi deliriis agit•ai, Spiritum Sanctunt #Ci communicai pu•ana. 
That which as written of Saint Francis' rive wounds, and other mach 
monastical effects of him and others, may justly" be refen-ed to this our 
melancholy; and that which ]latthew Paris relates of tho X monk of 
Evesham, who saw hcaven and hell in a vision ; of Y Sir Owen, that 
went down into Saint Patrick's purgato T in King tephen's days, and 
saw as much : SValsingham of him that showed as much by Saint Julian. 
]3eda, lib. 5. cap. 13. 14. 15. et 20. reports of King Sebba, l/b. 4. cap. 11. 
eccl. hisf. that saw trange visions; and Stumphius telvet Cornac, a cobbler 
of Basle, that beheld rare apparitions at Augsburg, *in Germany. Alexan- 
der ab Alexandro, gen. dier. lib. 6. cap. 21. of an enthusiast.ical prisoner, (ail 
out as probable as that of Eris Armefius, in llato's tenth dialogue de Relmb. 
that revived •gain •en days after he was killed in a bat•le, and told etrange 
wonders, like those raies Ulysses related to Alcinous in Homer, or Lucian's 
vera historia itoel Ô was still after much olitariness, fasting, or long sickne 
ta Si religiosum fa|mis JOutait viderls observatatem, and•citer rnelanc]mlicum 
o Solitudo 11. meus ..ra laboribus atxii et jejtmi, tutu tempexetum cibi* lnutat agregt,bus, et humer 
tvelauchollca lteremitL ilhtiolnlm catlsoe eunt. 1 So|itudo et eau..• al0paritionurn ; ml]li vS'iouil0us et 
hinc delirio malzis obnoxil .qmt quam qui coilegiis et eremo viv'ul]t motaatbi ; tle I leumque melencholici 
oh victum, eolJtudiem, q Mon•chi ecee lmtant Irophetare ex Deo, et qui eolitariam agunt vit•m, quum 
sit instinctu demon um ; et ac fallmatur fatidice ; a malo genio habent, qcoe put•n• a Deo et tic entbuslastoe. 
r Sbyllm, PythlL et prophete qui divintre soient, onme fans••ci mm• melancholici, • Exereit. c I. 
t D.e dis-iamtione et magncis prmtigil& •aidera, xPost I - dierum prece$ et JeJunht, mlrtbile videbat 
ramone,l, • FoL 84. vit• Stepheni, et fol 177. post trium menglum inediam et ianluorem per 9 diea nthil 
c.medem aut biben, • After contelmplatiot in an ecelaey; 
ee millions of example In our 
John ttAjor tl¢ vit•in Vatrtti 



Iem. 1. Subs.3.] SymTtoms of lellglous Melancholff. 683 
when their brains wero addled, and their bellies as empty of meat as thei," 
heads of wit. Florilegus bath many such examples, fol. 191. che of 
Gutlake of Crowald that fought with devils, but still after long fasting, o,er- 
much solitariness, bthe de,il persuaded him thmefore te -fast, as ]Ioses and 
Elias did, the better te delude him. oin the saine author is reeorded (3arolus 
/lagnus' vision An. 185. or ecstacies, wherein he saw heaven and hell aftr 
rnueh fasting and meditation. 8o did the devil of old with Apollo'a pricsts. 
Amphiaraus and his fellows, those Egyptians, still enjoin long fasting beFore 
ho would give any oracles, trhluum à cibo et vino abstineret, °before they gave 
any answers, as Volateran, l/b. 13. cap. 4. records, and 8trabo, Geog. l/b. 14. 
deseribes Charon's den, in the way between Tralles and issum, whither t.he 
priests led sick and fanatic men: but nothing pefformed without long fasting, 
no good te be donc. That seofiïng CLueian eonduets his Menippus te hell by 
the dietions ofthat Chaldean Mitla'obarzanes, but af ter long f-asting, and such 
like idle preparation. "Vhich the ,lesuits right well pereeiving of what f.,rce 
this fazting and soliary mediation is, te alter men's minds, when they would 
make a man mad, ravish him, improe him beyond himself, te undertake seine 
great business of moment, te kill a king, or the like, tthey bring him into a 
melancholy dark chamber, where he shall see no light for many days together, 
no company, little meat, gha,stly pictures of devils ail about him, and lea,e him 
o lie as he will himself, on the ba,e floor in this chamber of meditation, as they 
call it, on his back, side, belly, till by this strange usage they make him quite 
maxi and beside himself. And then after seine ten days, as they find him ani 
rnated and resolved, they make use of him. The de,il bath many such faeto, 
many sueh engines, which what effect they produee, you shall hear in the fol- 
lowing symptoms. 
Sussrcr. III.--,çymptoms general, love te thelr own sect, hate of all other 
rdigion, obstiwtcy, peevlshness, ready te undergo any danger or cross for 
it ; Martyrs, blind zeal, blind obedience, fastings, vows, belief of incredibi- 
litiês, impossibilities : Particular of Gentiles, Malwmetaus, Jews, Chris- 
tians ; and in them, heretics old atd new» schismatics» schoolmet, Trophets 
enthusiasts, 
Fsr Heraclltus, an deat D,'mocrtus? in attempting te speak of these 
tymptoms, shall I laugh with Democritus, or weep with Hemclitusl they are 
se ridiculotts and absurd on the one side, se lamentable and tragical on the 
other: a mixed scene effets itself, se full of errors and a promiscuous variety 
of objects, that I know net in what strain te represent it, When I think of 
the Turkish paradise, those Jewish fables, and pontifical rites, those pagan 
superstitions, their sacrifices, and ceremonies, as te rnake images of al1 matter, 
and adore them when they bave done, te see them kiss the l,yX, creep te the 
cross, &e. I canner choose but laugh with Democritus: but when I see them 
whlp and tortux, e themselves, grind their seuls for toys and trifles, desperate, 
and new ready te die, I eannot choose but weep with I-[eraclitus. When 
a priest say mass, with ail those apish gestures, murmurings, &c. read the 
customs of the Jews" synagogue, or hlahometa Meschites, I must needs glaugh 
at their folly, risum teneatis, amici ? but when I see them make matters of 
conscience of such toys and trifles, te adore the devil, te endanger their seuls, 
te effet their children te their idols, &c. I must-needs condole their misery. 
When I see two superstitious orders contend pro aris etfocis, with such bave 
b Fol. 199. l'oet abstinent|se curaç mlr illulonet dttmonnrn audlvit, e Fol. 155. lost certain 
lneditationem in vigilitt diei domlnicse  htiolleill habuit de purgatorio, d 1Toi mtltos clive maaent 
¢tnaillo sacerdotllnl uJtilta invc¢ante • In Nccromant. JEt cibll qnidelll glande erant, potue aqu 
• tctu e, da dire,  f John Everardrtt Britannx Remanue lib. edit. lfil 1 decl'iben ail the 
 • Vm'aua mappa componer rmum  . pra;, 



ad holoE  [nd c«prb, some wvite such grt volum fo no çuose, ke 
o muc çM t o $ effcct, teir satin, vtiv, alog, d aoE 
 fictio; wen I s gve lrned men ra and scold Hkv butter-women. 
eth 'ris çtty sport, and fit for Clphur and Democrit to ugh a 
ut when I oee so much blood spilt, o many murde and mçes,  mny 
cvue batfles fought, c. 't a titrer sujoet îor ert.  lment, is 
[ern when he sat by thc ke ide with Vovti and hd seen the white 
and red dmgon fight, belote hv gn to interpret or  spk, i pro- 
rupit, feH a weeping, and then proeeed to dlare to the ng what if mnk 
1 should first pity aud bewa t e of human d with some psiona 
preFa, wg mine eyes a fountin of ars,  Jereh d, and then to my 
t«s For it  that et torture, tt iernal pgue of mortal me omnlu» 
l»estium ptintsin stit, nd able of itlf alone  stand  option 
to ail other plagu, miri and lamiti whatsoever; r moto cruel, more 
pestifeu mo grievous, moto generM, moto olen of a gréer exnt. 
Oher f and rrows, grievanees of body and mind, are troublome for tho 
time; but this is for eeer, eoErnal dmnation, hell itoe, a plague, a tire: aoE 
indalion h ur one province alon and the loss may be rvered; but this 
supetition involves  the world almosh and en neeer  remedi 8iek- 
ne and sorrows eome and go, but a supetitio soul th no rt; p«r- 
»titio» i»but anim nuGm qu se pot, no pe, no quietn. 
True refigion and supemtition  qte opposi, lo«è divsa ruii et 
1,,  Lactntius describe the one ere- the other dejects; dlon, 
]ffas, vra imper; the one   sy yoke, the othŒee an htoleble buen, 
an ablute tyrnny; the one a sure anchor, a haven ; the other a temtu- 
o ooenn; the one make the oher mars; the one  wisdom, the other h 
folly, madness, indication; the one uoEeigned, the other a oeterfeit; the 
one a dilint obrver, the other an ape; one leads to heaven, the other to 
helL But these diffcmnoes wfll more evidently apr by eir picul 
sptoms. What mlioa , and of wt pax it doth co eve OE- 
cm wH1 teH y«u, what sympms it hath, and what effets it produth : ba 
tbr their superstition, no ngue OEa ll the no pen expre they ara oe 
many, o divee, so cerhin,  inoemnt, and so diff-ent from them- 
elv. bt mui pstitn quot  soe, one ith, there be  many 
upertitio in the world, as thero be s  hven, or dev themœelv 
that are the fit foundem of them : with zueh rieulo, absurd symptoms 
and signs, so my sever rit, eeremo torments and vexatio eom- 
]aayg,  may weH express and bem the de  be the author and m- 
tMner of them. I will only pot at some of them,  unçu« om, e ai 
the test, and those of the ehief kinds of utition, whieh ide us Chr- 
tns now doneer and eei the world, Gtil, hahometa, Jews, &o. 
Of the symp some be genemÇ ome paieul  eaeh private ct: 
gen to ail, ar an extraorda loe and affeion they br and show  
ueh  are of the own et, and moto than Vatinian hate to eh  ara 
opposi in region,  they OEH it, or ee om them  the superstitio 
rit, bnd zeal (which   mneh a sympm  a OEu), vain frs, bd 
oenee, needle wo»ks, ineredibfliti, impossibiHti, moustro r and 
ceremoni% wilfulnes bldness, obstiny, &e. For the t, whh  love 
and hat  ontan ith, nulla firm amtia çuàm çuoe crahur 
h£; nu dcord major qm oe à rdlç; no eater eoneord, no 
ter deord than that hieh proeeeds from reom It h oedible to 
rela, d hot o doey exrienoe evce if, what o çn, »moe 
h o t Cçhuus o Hot. I  de  kro L de b I  M 



]_rem. 1. 8ubs. 3.J ymlotoms of Ig, e!bjou, M'e[anclwbj. 8 
f(ct (  Rieh. Dinoth w6tes), ve been oflae f-r mae of religion in 
ran, nd wh hurlyburli 11 over Euro for hes many years. 
quoE tare impoteuter rap homine, qua sscepta de salu opin ; 
ro  om çe,t cpa et anbs vove sott, et arctsimo 
n vin s« in,cm colllgar«. We at M1 brethren in Cht, seans of 
rd, membem of one body, and thefo e or should be af let dearly 
bdove ueparably allied in the great¢ bond of love and milrity, united 
paaket hot only of the me css, but coedjutor comfi)ers, helpex, st ail 
rimes, un all oeeions:  they did in the primitive church, Acts v. they 
«old thek patrimoes, and d them af the apostle' feet, and many 
memorable exampl of mutual loee we bave had under the ten general pee- 
cutio, ny sinco. Exampl on the other side of diord none like, 
oto" viour saith, he me therefore into the world to set father against son 
&e. In imition of whom the devil belike  m stit irrepsit veroe relG 
#i imatz, supetition  stHl religion's ape,  in ail other things, so 
t) doth so combine and glue together  superstifio followers  love and 
affection, that they will lire and die together: and what an innate hatred hath 
he stl inspid to any other sumtition opposite How those old Romans 
we affected, those ten persecutions y 5e a witns, and that cel execu. 
tion in Eusebi, a li aut ««, sacfice or die. No grear hate, more 
oentuate, bitter hction, wam, pemecution in  ages, than fi,r mattem of r 
lion, no such feral opposition, father against son, mother agast daughter, 
husband ainst fe, city agast city, ngdom agat kg,lom:  ofold 
st Tenta and Combos: 
• " [mmortale odlll et nunqnam nabfle nu [ "lmmortal ha It brd, a wound pa cure, 
ide fnror vulgo, quod utuina vti«»rum  .çnd   the commons atilI to endure: 
Ot urque Iocu quum eolos cret habendoe Beuse one city t" other' go«l  vain 
Ee de quos içe oelau" rid and hts alone  go ainin. n 
The Turks at this day ¢ount no beSter of us than of do, se they commonly 
ca us giaou, infidels, miscreans, e Shat Sheir main qel and oee of 
Chrtian persecuiom If he will tu Turk, he shall be entertained as 
brothev, and d  good esem, aMussulman or a believer, which  a eatet 
tic te them than any aoEnify or continity. The gews sick togeSher 
so ny bur; bus as for She test, whom they OEH Gentiles, hey de haie and 
abhor, tey oettno$ endure the Msiah shod be a common saollr fo us all, 
and raSher, as p Luther writes, '%ban Shey that new offat them, ourse Shem, 
perue and revile them, s be cohei and brethren with them, or bave 
any pa or fellowship  She Messiah, they would crucify the Meh 
tes over, and God himselÇ his angeS, and all s creatures,  if were pos- 
cible, though they endut a thou=d he for it." Such  their 
towards u. ow for Papiss, wha$ in a common nse for he adwncemen$ 
ofheir religion hey wiH endure, our Sraitors d pseudo-oEthoH wiH decre 
unto us; and how biter on the other side fo their vees, how violent 
bent, les those Mafian t record,  thooe miseble slaughe aS erindol 
and Çabriers, She panh inqi$ion, he uke ofvs tyranny 
Eounries, She Frech mascr and civ w. " q antum rel@ potut 
suae m." "uch ckedne d relion puade." 0 there 
ouly, but ail over Europe, we read of bloody batçlea, rac d wheel ae- 
tions, çaoEions, opposi$ions. 
" robvta 
InveoEiv and contentions. They had rher shake banals th a gew, Tur 
or,  the Spards do, surfer Moo to lire amont them, and Jews, than 
m GaM. hist. lib. I. t Lactantl. eJuv. Sat. 15. P Commen  MIca Fe non postant 
ut !11o Mei cmunis ar sit, no«tm gaudium, . bleiue vel decem dies ccifixud 
esent. Ipsun,qne Deum si 1 fle poster, una cu angells et erent b c absterrentur ab 



r,8a leliylous ,lelancholy. [Part. 3. Sec. ¢. 

Protestants; « myname (saith B Luther) is more odioua to t]lent than any thid 
or murderer." So it is with all heretica and schismatica whatsoever : and none 
so pazsionate, violent in their tenets, opinions, obsinate, wilful, refractory, 
peevih, factions, singular and stiff in defence ofthem, they do hot only perse- 
cute and hate, but pity ail other religions, account them damned, blind as it 
they aione were the true church, they are the true heirs, have the fee-simple of 
]aeaven by a peculiar donation, 'ris entailed on them and their posterities, their 
doctrine sound, per funem aureum de ccelo delapsa doctri,a, " let down t¥om 
heaven by a golden tope," they alone are tobe snved. The Jews at this day 
are so incomprehensibly proud and churlish, saith t Luther. that solisalvari, soll 
dombd terarum salutwri volunt. And as n Buxtorfius adds, "so iffnorant and 
self-willed withal, that amongst their most understandingrabbins you shailfind 
nougfit but gross dotage, horrible hardness of heart, and stupendous obstinacy, 
in ail their actions, opinions, conversations: and yet so zeaious withai, that no 
m.-m living tan be more, and viudicatethemseives for the elect people of GOD." 
'Tis so with ail other superstitious sects, Mahometans, Gentiles in China, and 
Tartary; out ignorant Papists, AJaabaptists, Separatists, and peeuliar churchesof 
Amsterdam, theyalone, and nonebut they tan be saved. ,, x Zealous (as Paul 
saith, Rom. x. 2.) without knowledge," theywill endureany misery, any trouble, 
surfer and do that which the sunbeams will hot endure to see, Rdi#ionis acti 
,er//s, ail extremities, losses and dangers, take any pains, fast, pray, vow chas- 
tity, wilful poverty, forsake ail and follow their idols, die a thousand deaths as 
some Jews did fo Pilate's soldiers, in like case, ezertosproebentesjuffulos  
• naJtifestproe seferentoe, (as Josephus bath it)car£orem esse rira sibi le9is 
at'ioe observationem, rather than abjure, or deny the least particle of that 
religion which their fathers profess, and they themselves have been broxght 
np in, be if never so absurd, ridiculous, they will embrace it, and without 
£tther inquiry or examination of the truth, though it be prodigicusly false, 
they will believe it; they wiil take much more pains to go to hell, than 
we shall do to heaven. $ingle out the most ignorant of them, convince his 
tlnderstandin, show him his errors, grossness, and absurdities of his sct, 
2Von persuadebis etlamsi persuseris, he will hot be persuade& As th»se 
pagans told the Jemtitz in Japona, y they would do as their forefathers bave 
done: and with ltholde the Frisian P4nce, go to heil for company, if most 
of their friends went thither : they wiil hot be moved, no persuasion, no tor- 
ture tan stir theoE So that papists cannot brag of their vows, pove.rty, 
obedience, orders, merits, martyrdoms, fastings, altos, good works, pilgrim- 
ages: much and more than ail this, I shall showyou, is, and bath been done 
by these superstitious Gentiles, Pagans, Idohters and Jews: their blind zeal 
and idolatrous superstition in ail kinds is much at one; little or no dift;:rence, 
and it is hard to sav which is the greatest, which is the grossest. For if a 
man shail dulyconsiler those superstitions rioE amongst the Ethnics in Japan, 
the Bannians in Gusart, the Chinese idolaters,  Americans ofold, in Mexico 
especiaily, Mahometan priests, he hall fincI the saine goverument almost, the 
saine orders and ceremonies, or so like, that they may sm ail apparently to 
be derived from some heathen spirit, and the Roman hierarchy no better than 
the test. In a word, this is common to ail superstition, the is nothing so 
nad and absttrd, so ridieulous, impossible, inctdib!e, which they will hot 
believe, observe, and dilJgentlyperform, as much as in them liez; nothing so 
monstrous fo concdve, or intolerable toput in practice, so cruel to surfer, which 
they will hot wilhngly undertake. So powerful a thing is supe]tition. " O 
• Ad 6alat. Comment. omeu odtoslus neum tlum ull homlcld tut lut. t Comment. in licah. 
Jdeo ineompreh¢m'bllis et spers eorum superbia, &c. u Synagog. Jndœorura, es. 1. Inter eorm lntelli- 
gentilmooe Rsbblnos ni] preter lgnoranlam et in«ipientiam ffrs,,dem Invenies, horrendam lnduraflonem, 
et obtinationem, &c. • Great Is Diana of the Eohe-iun, Act xv. Y Malnnt cure illl in•nire, quarO 
cure alils bene sentir •Acosa, I. . sO Ago"Ylte, religioni tttoe noloe $ulerntmt fbuloe eoe 
Iacred2bile lost«in tain . _ 



Iem. |. Subs. 3.] Syaptom, ofRdlglous l[elancholy. 
Egyp (as Trismegi.stus exclaims) thy relion is lables, and such .q postcrity 
will net believe." I know that i, tmm religion itsel[, many my.steries are se 
apprehended alerte by fidth, as that uI the Trinity, which Turks especiall F 
deride, Christ's incarnation, resurrcctiou of the body af the last day, q,wdideo 
eredeutum (saith Tertulli.un) quodincredibile, &c. many miracles.net te be con- 
troverted ordlsputed o£ l}lirarinonmmari saplentia vers est, saith bGerhar- 
dus; eS in dvg«i.s (as a good father informs us) qucedam «redet, da, quoeda, 
admi'anda» &c. seine thinga are te be believod, embraced, fo[lowed with ail 
submission and obedience, seine again admired. Though Julian the apostate 
scoff st Christians in this point, quod cal, tlvemu intellecturn in obsequium fidei, 
aaying, that the Christian creed is like the Pythagorean Ipse diœeit, we mako 
out will and understanding too slavishly subject te our tïaith, without farther 
examittion of the truth; yet as Saiut Gregory truly answers, out croed is alti,. 
arlsp'oestantioe and nmch more divine; and as Thomas will, piè consideranti 
semler suppetunt çaliones, osgendentes credtbilitatem in mysbriis supernatura,- 
libus, we de absolutely believe it, and upon good ressens, for as Gregory well 
infometh us; 17ides non habet nwritum, ubi humana ratio qucerit experimen- 
tutu; that ith bath no merit, is no: worth the naine of faith, that will net 
apprehend without a certain demonstration : we must and will believe God's 
wurd; and if we be mistaken or err in out general belief, as CRichardus de 
ancto Victore vows he will say te Christ hixaself at the day of judgment; 
"Lord, if we bo deceived, thou alone hast deceived us :" thus we plead. But 
for the test I will net justify that pontificial consubstantiation, that which 
 Mahometans and Jews justly except st, as Campanella conïesseth, A theisrni 
t'iumphat, cap. 12. fol. 125, dicillimum dogma esse, ec aliud subjectum 
w4is hcereticorum blasl»hemii$ , et sgultis irrisio»dbu» politicoe'um çeperirL They 
laold it impossible, Deum in pane manducari; and beside they scoff at 
vide gente» comedentem Deu», suum, iluit qulda» [aurus.  tlunc Deun, 
uscoe et ver»es irridett$, quum ipsutr tolluut$ et devorat, subditus est 
aTtoe, et latïones furantur, lriidera aurea itumi prosternunt, e $e tan,en 
de..[èndit hic Deus. Q,î jïeri lootest, ut iteger in si»gulis hostice particulls, 
idem corpus numero, tare multis lociz, coelo, retira, &c. But he that shall read 
h 'Turks' &coran, the Jewg Talmud, and Papists' golden legend, in the mean 
rime will swear that such gross fictions, fables, vain traditions, prodigious para- 
doxes and ceremonies, could never proceed frein any other spitit, than that of 
the devil himself, which is the author ofconfu,ion and lies ; and wonder 
witha| how such wise men as have been ofthe Jews, such learned under- 
standing men as Averroes, Avicenn, or those heathen philosophers, could ever 
be persuaded te believe, or te subscribe te the least part of them : sut fraudeur, 
o detegere: but that as g Vanninus answers, ob publicoepotestatisfvrmidine», 
allaerwrelohilosophi non a.debant, they durst net speuk for fear ofthe law. But 
I will dcend te partlculars : read their several symptoms aad then guess. 
Ofsuch symptoms as properly belong te uperstition, or that irrêligious 
aligion, I may ay as ofthe rest, seine are ridiculous, ome again feral te 
relate. Of those ridiculous, there eau be no better testimony thaa the multi- 
tude of their gods, those absurd names, actions, offices they put upon them, 
their feasts, holy days, sacrifices, adorations, and the like. The Egyptians 
that pretended se great antiquity, 300 kings before Amasls: and as hlela 
writes, 13,000 yeam frein the beginning of their Chronicles, hat bragged se 
much of their knowledge of old, for they invented arithmetic, astronomy, 
geometry: of their wealth and power, that vaunted of 20,000 cities: yet ai 
the me tlme theix idolatry mad superstition m'as most gross: they womhipled , 
b Ieditst. 19. de coena domin, eLib, I. fie trln. cap. . si decelt| m, &c. d Vide Samsati 
lloxr' ili Ov let«molhce -I'$ fablea.  DiaL . de o'acms. 



as ] iodols Sicu]us records, sun and moon under the name of Ish and 
and ai'ter, such meu  were neficial  the or ay creature that did them 
good. In tl]e city of Bubti they ador a car, sth Herodohm, Ib d 
srks, an ex (saith Pliny) leeks and onio, IacroLius, 
"l l'o,m et coepc deos Imponere ubib a 
Scong kLucian in his rer Htor: wch,  he conçeseth hlmlf, w 
ot l»Ctuivcly written  a tth, but in oemicl hion te glance at tho 
moustrous fictions and oss absurties of  and nation,  deride with- 
ouç doubt this prodio Egtian idoltry, feins thh story of m; that 
when he had æen the Elysin fields, and was new coming away, damanthus 
gve hha a mallow root, and ade him çray te that whcn he w in any perH 
vr extremity; which he did aoeorngly; for when he me te Hydamordi in 
the island of treachero women, he ruade his prayers te  foot, and w 
iusntly delivered. The $yt%ns, Chaldeans, ha«l as many pper gods of 
their on inventi-n; e te d Lucian de ded ffrd. Ioruey, cp. 22. de 
vitat, zeliT. GulieL $tuckius,  acroun acciouoe Gentil. 
Peter Faber $emesr, l. 3. c. 1, 2, 3. $elden de dils //, Purch" pil- 
e'image, m osimts of the Romans, and Lus Giraldus of the Greeks. The 
omans borrowed fm all, besides the o gods, wch were majeure and 
niorum rentière,  Vao hol, oeain and uncert; seine cele»tial, oelec 
ad eat one othe indigeno and 8e-dei, Lard, Lemure 
Svteres, and ParasOl, dii tute&es amener the Greeks: go of all r, 
)r all functions; seine for the land, me fvr s; seine for hven, seine for 
hcll; seine for pions, des, seine for h, soe ir wdin, hus- 
anlry, woods, waters, rdens, ooehoed &c. Ail actio and ooE, 
ui, $alus, Liberté, Foecihs, Strenu $timul, ort, Pan. $ylvanus, 
t«p, Fiera, Cloacinaf$tercutius, Feb, Fallor, Invidi, Proteia, isus, 
Angeron, Volupi3, Vacun ViriphoE, Venerand Pal, eptuni Doris, 
l ngs, emperors, valiant men that had done any od ooes for them, thcy did 
likewise oenonise and adore for , and it w ually done, itatum 
vtiç«os,  Jac. Bosd well observes, de(cre omi«s çui benci 
not[esflwaret, and the devil w sti]l ready te ond the iun, stati 
se i.qessit illorum ep«[c, sta, tem[ aris, &c. he crept  the 
temples, statues, temps, alta, and was rdy te give ocles, cure eaoes, de 
dracles, &c.  by Jupiter, sculapius, Tisias, Allo, Iopsus, Amçhiarau 
&c. dii et oi-dii. For  they weoe dii, de-god seine ii 
Ds e ltomi,  Ia °Ti«, the Platot, . 26, e 7, ma}ntains and 
j ustifies in many words. "When a goed man di, his body  bued, but 
oul, ex ie m adit, bomes forthth a demi-goal, notg s- 
tged with mity of air, or vaety of fos, rejoiceth, exults and se that 
]rft buty with  ey ow beg deified, in oemmetion he helçs 
his poor friends here on rth,  ked and ies, for, succou, &c. 
lmnhhh those that are bad and de as, as a od geni te çtt and 
govern moal men açpod by the go, se they w bave it, ordahing me 
ibr provin, veine for çrivate men, seine for one ooe, seine for another. 
ector and AcH st soldie te t day; ulapi  sick men, the 
iosci oeaçng men, &c. d sornettes upon ocion they show them- 
selves. The Diocu Herces and ulaçius, he w hise (or the devil 
«« lJaing proceedd te dey lks d onio yo 0 'pt, 'ohip suçh god  kPrœefat. 'er. 
IoEirL fol 1494. m Rosl. tiq. Rom. 1. 2.  I. et deiceps, n Lib. de vaoe et 
l'wfiis In 5vp. o Coco Falo IntereL afl ab s e aut figur vaete 
netur, errmltibu sumlal» & De h jt or t ge  tuter hmbu bn 



Mem. 1. ubs. 3.] ,_qymptom of Rd;ylous-Metan«oly. 089 
good men only do they bus adore, but tyranS, momte dev ( r 8tius 
veighs), eroa, Domit, HeliogabM, tlywomen, andaan whore 
amost ¢he r " or aB tents, pl, creatur, they ign go;" 
« Et domlb s, the e eq ltis 
Aio olt geos " 
ith Pdentlus. Cuna for cradl, Dive for sweepg hous, 
knots, Prema, Pmmda, Hen, Hymeneus, for weddings; Com the goal 
of goed feHows, go& of silence, of comfo, Hebe goddess of youth. $lena 
tam, &c., male and female go&, of aD ages, oexes and mension 
with ards, without beards, married, unmaied, begot, hot bo af ail, but, 
 Minerv sta out of Jupiter's heM. Heod recko up af ai let 30,000 
 Vao, 300 Jupiters.  Jeremy told them, theh" gods were to the 
mtitude of cities ; 
« Qulcquld humu pela coelnm mblle 
Id ere deo co et flu mmaa"  "atever eave  d ladga 
, se and ver God w th and 
And wch was most absurd, they ruade gs upon such q,lilous occasions ; 
" As chi[dren make babie (so saith «$oeus), theh" poets make gods," et 
ços aant in tpl, lu in Tt,  Lactantius scoffs. Satu, 
m, $elded bimsel d eat s o cen, a cel tyrt d4ven ou of 
nom by bis son Jupir,  goed a god  himsel a cked, lavious 
palt kin çfCrete, of whose rapes, lts, mm'tiers, ]]aies, a who]e volume 
is too httle to re]at Yenus, a notoous strumt,  common as a barr's 
cb, Ma, Ados, Anchises" who%  a eat she-godd s wel[  the 
rt,  much nowned by th pts, with many such; d the gods s» 
bulously «l foohly ruade, cemoniis, Aymr«is, et canti celebfant ; their 
eo, loti'us et çadia, amies, ias, nptias  libt»t procreati¢mes ( 
Eebius well taxeth), wedn, rth, and moment, loves, anges, and 
qe]g they d ce]ebte in hymns, and sing of  their oi T son, 
if were publishg their vai. ut see mo of tbe o4nals. XVbeu 
omus was ruade away by the tion oftbe senators, to pacify the peop]e, 
usProcus gave outtbat omus was taken up byJupiter into heaven, 
and therefore to be ever af ter adored for a god amon.t the oms. 
pbanes of Ept d one on]y son whom he dear]y ]oved; he erected 
statue in hishous wbich his ants did ado with rnds fo pacy their 
mter's ath when he w angry, so by htfle and httle he w adored for a 
g-d. ç did amis for ber husband lus, and Adrian the empeser by 
b on tinous. or  a ch harlot  ome, and for tbat she ruade 
the oemmonwea]th ber he, ber bibday w so]emnised long er ; and 
make it a more plausible bo]iday, tbey de ber gd of flow« an«l cri, 
fi fo ber amongst the test. The mations of ome,  ionysius Mir- 
oeus retes, use at their entreaty Coolan desisted from h wa, 
oensected a cbch tnoe m=lii/ and t en arba had a temple 
ereeted, for that somewhat was ams about hair, d so tbe test. The citizens 
of Alan, a smaD to in As Minor, fo y vour witb tbe owans 
{who then wad  Gece th Peeus of Macedon, and were formidable fo 
the pas), consecmd a temple to the city of ome, and made ber a god- 
ds, with annua] gaines d sacfices; so a  of boxes was deed, 
shamel flatte on the one side to give, and to]erable arganoe on tLe other 
to ¢ept, upon so e and absurd an iom T]y w to Attic, that 
 daughter Tu]Do]a ight be ruade a godd, d adored as Juno and 
 Sm ent. p non ene me solum, d et unos w i colunk q2uus hum 
hoendnm  modum poento immnnitate vexa  foe meretn   ap. . ae 
tel De xent  poet ut fan pnpp, t Proem.  Ca pho& s bi" . I, 
De çobis m   dt. t Anth. Vd Imag.. deo. . u lttlics ndo 
]endenl amimlne vaoque loets glme. o flort conl ]um seent &OE pu- 



690 lïcKgious Melanclwbl. [Part. 3. Sec. 4. 

IinexTa, and as well shc dezerved if. Their holy days and adorations were all 
out as xSdiculousj those Lupercals of Pan, Florales of Flor, Bons den, Anna 
Perenna, Saturaalz, &c., as how they wea'e cdebrated, with what lazcivions 
and wanton gestures, bald ceremonies, • by what bawdy priests, how they bang 
their noses over the smoke of sacrifices, saith YLucian, and lick blood like fiiez 
that was spilled about the altax. Their carved idolz, gilt images of wood, iron, 
ivory, silver, brass, stone, o[irrt t.'uncus erŒeera, &c. were most absurd» as being 
their own workmanship ; for as Seneca note, adorant ligneos deos, e fabros 
interirrt quifecerunt, contemnunt, they adore work, contemn the workman; and 
s Tertul/ian follows if, ,.i lwminas non ossent diis propiKi non essent dii, had 
it net been for men they had never been gofls, but bloeks still and stupid, 
statues in whieh miee, swallows, birds ruade their nests, spiders their webs, 
and in their very mouths laid their exerements. Xhoso images, I say, were 
ail out as gross as the shapes in which they did represent them: Jupiter with 
a ram's head, ]Iereury a dog's, Pan like a goat, Heeate with three hegxls, one 
with a beard, another without; see more in Carterius and "Verdurlus of their 
monstrous forma and ugly pieturez: and whieh was absurder yet» thcy told 
them these images came frein heaven, as that of ]Iinerva in ber temple st 
Athens, quod è coelo cecidiss credebant ac«doe, saith Pansanias. They formed 
seine like storks, apes, bulLs, and yet soriously believed ; and that whieh was 
impious and abominable, they ruade their gods notorious whoremasters, inec. 
tuous Sodomites (as eommonly they were ail, as well as Jupiter, ]Iars, Apollo, 
lIercury, Neptune, &c.), thieves, slaves, drudges (forApollo and Neptune ruade 
tiles in Phrygia), kept sheep, Hercules emptied stables, VuloEn a blacksmith, 
nnfit to dwell upon the emh for their villainies, much ]ess in heaven, as 
"Iornay well saith, and yet they gave them out to ho such; so weak and 
bmtish, some to whine, lainent, and roar, as Isis for ber son and Cenocephalus, 
as also ber weeping priests ; ]ars in Homer to ho wounded, vexed: Venus 
tan away crying, and the like ; than which what can be more ridiculous  
Vonne ridiculum lugere quod colas, el colere quod lugeas ? (which ]I_hautiua 
objects) Si dii, eut plangitis ? si rnortui, cur adorati» ? that it is no marvel if 
eLueian, that adamantine perseeutor of superstition, and lliny could se seoff 
st them and their horrible idolatry as they did ; i£ Diagoras took Hereules' 
image, and put it under lais pot te seethe his portage, whieh was, as he said, 
Iris 13th labour. But see more of their fopperies in Cypr. 4. tract, d. Idol. 
varietat. Chrysostom adrers. Gentil. Arnobius adv. Gents. Austla de cie. 
Dei. Theodoret. d cura£ Grcee. aëe. Clemens Alexaadrinus, ]Iinutius Felix, 
Eusebius, Laetantius, Stuekius, &e. Lamentable, tragieal, and fearful thoso 
symptoms are, that they should ho se far forth affrighted with their fietitious 
gods, as te spend the goods, llvez, fortnnes, preeious rime, best days in their 
honour, te «sacrifice unto them, te their inestimable loss, -ueh heeatombs, se 
many thousand sheep, oxen with gilded horas, goats, as °Croesus, king of 
Lydi f]arcus Julianus, surnamed ob crebras hostias Victimarius, e Tauriere- 
nus, and the test of tbe Roman ernperors usually did with much labour and 
cost ; and hot emperors only and great ones, pro communi bono, were at this 
charge, but private men for their ordinary occasions. Pythagora oered a 
hundred oxen for the invention of a geometrical problem, and it was auodinary 
thing to sacrifice in  Lucian's rime, " a heifer for their good health, four oxen 
• Magna religione quoeritur quœe possit adulterla plura umerar Minut. • Lib. de crifleil$, Fume 
lnhiantce et munearum in mvrern eant, uincm exugentes eireum aras effusum, • Imag|uee Deorum, Ilb e 
loescdût, • De ver. reli cap. 22. lndgni qui terrain calcet, &e. b Octavian • Jupiter Tra- 
g • , de sacrificil.- et passlm alia, d rififi •everal kinde of sacrifices lu Egypt Mjor reckous up, ton 2. 
©II. or which read mre i] cap. I of L$urentius Pignorius his Egyp charactrs, $ cause ofwlnch Saubiu 
give sub lib. 3. cap. I. • lier. d. CIo. Immoiavit lecta pecora ter mille De|pk]a, uua cure lectIs phial 
tribus. ! Superstiiosus Juli4nus iunumeras sine parsimonia peeudes mactavit. Amianas 25. Bove albL 
[. Csar| salutem, I tu viceis perimus: lib. 3. Roman| observantisslml unt eeremonlarun bello proe- 
rlim. g De sacrificiis: buculam pro bona valetudine, bove quatuor pro diiLii» centum pro regno, 
overnque tauro$ pro sesp]te a TroJa redRu» &o 



Mem. 1. Subs. 3.] Eymtotom of dglous Melacoy. 

for wealth, a hundred for a klngdom, nlne bulls fur their sale return from 
Troja to Pylus," &c. Every god ahnost had a peculiar sacrifice--the Sun 
horses» Vulcan tire, I)iana a vhite harO, Venus a turtle, Ceres a hog, Proser- 
pine a black lamb, Neptue a bull (read more in h Stukius st large), besides 
heep, cocks, corls, frankincense, to their undoings, as if their gods wero 
affected with blood or smoke. « And surely ( t saith he) ifone should but repent 
the foppere ofmortal men, in their sacrifices, feasts, weshipping their gods, 
their rites and ceremmfies, what they think of them, of their diet, bouses, 
orders, &c., what prayers and vows they make; if one should but observe their 
absurdity and madness, he would burst out a laughing, and pity their folly." 
For what OEn be more absurd than their ordinary prayers, petitious, k requests, 
acrifices, oracles, devotions  of which we bave a taste in lIaximus Tyrius, 
serra.l, l°lato's Alcibiades Secundus, l°ersius, Sag. 2. Juvenal. Set. 10. thero 
likewise exploded, lacnt opimas e lo¢ngues hostixts deo çua esu'ienti, pro- 
fitndunt vi«a tat¢xrr stient, lumna accendunt vdut n teneis aent(Lac- 
tantius, l/b. 2. cap. 6). As if their gods wero hungry, athirst, in the dark, 
they light candl¢, offer ment and drink. Aud what so base as to reveal their 
counsels and give oracles,  v/sco'ttm, sterqullnis, out ofthe bowels and excre- 
mental pars ofbeasts ? sord/dos &os Varro truly calls them thcÆefore, and well 
he might. I say nothing of their magdficent and snmptuons temples, those 
majetical sttctures : fo the roof of Apollo Didymens' emple, ad brartchidas, 
as tStrabo wries, a thousand oaks did hot sutïlce. Who can relate the glorious 
splmdour, and stupend magnificence, the sumptuous building of Diana ai 
Ephesus, Jupiter Ammon's temple in Aïrica, the Pantheon ai Rome, 
Capiol, the Sarapium st Alexandria, Apollo's temple st Daphno i the suburbs 
of &ntioch. The great temple st lVexco so richly adorned, and so capacious 
(for 10,000 men might stand in if ai once), that fuir Pantheon of Cusco, 
described by Acosta i his Indian History, which eclipses both Jews and 
Christiaas. There were i old Jerusalem, as soin« write, 408 syuagoges; 
but new Cairo reckons np (if m Radzivihm may be believed) 6800 mosques. 
Fez 400, whereofS0 arc most maificent, like St. Paul's in London. Helena 
built 300 fait churchesin the Holy Land, but one Bassa bath built 400 mosques. 
Tho Mahometaus havo 1000 monks in a monastery; the like saith Acosta of 
Americaus; Ric¢iusof the Chinese, for men andwomen, fairly built; and moto 
richlv endowed somo of them, than Arras in rtois, Fulda in Germany, or 
St. Edmund's-Bury i England with us: who ca descbe those curious and 
costly statues, idols, hnaga, so frequently mentionedin Pausanias? I conceal 
their doaaries, pendants, other offerings, presents, fo these their fictitious gods 
daily consecrated, a Alexander, the son of Amyntas, king of Macedonia, sent 
two statues of pure gold to Apollo ai Delphos. ° Croesus, king of Lydia, dedi- 
cated a hundred golden files in th« saine place with a golden altar: no man 
came empty-handed to their shrines. But thes are base offerings in respect ; 
they offeredmen themselves alive. The Leucadians, as Sttbowrites, sacfioed 
evm'y year a man, averruncandoe deorum 
tonts proecpitio dejecrunt, &c. and they did voluntarily mdergo it. The Decii 
did o acrice, Dits rtanibus; Curius 
ail strangely deluded to go so far fo their oracles, to be so gulled by them, both 
in war and peace, as Polybiusrelates (which theiraurs, priest vestal virgins 
OEn witaess), fo be so superstitious, that they would rather lose goods and lires 
than omit a=y ceremonies, or offend their heathe, godsl lqicias, that generons 
sud valiant captain of th« Greeks, overthrew the Athenian navy, by tesson of 
h De sacrls Gentil. et eacrlflc. Tyg. 1.96. I Enirnvero el quls re¢enteret o.u stalti morteles In festin, 
• acriflciis, diis adorandis, &c. quoe vOta faeiant, quld de Ils statuat, &e. hand scio an risurus, &¢. k Max. 
Tyrhls, ser. I. Crcesns regum omnium stu]tissImus de lel>ete conen]R, a]iue de nnmero arenarum, dmeaaiona 
maris &c. 1 Ltb. 4. m lertgr, tikroaoL m lhtu o Hcrodott. 



692 ]J/9us feclwly. [Part. 3. . 4. 
his too much supetltlo  beoEuse the au told h if was ominous fo set 
sail from the haven of Sse whilst the mn w ecpoed; he ed so 
long till his enemio beged him, he and MI h amy were ovehro 
q Parta of old were so tthh  his kind, theywould thcr lose avicto, 
y lose their own ves, than fight  the night, 'tw a the relion. 
The Je would make no ristance on the Sabbath, when Pomi bieged 
Jelem ; and some Jesh Christians  Ai set upon by thc Goths, 
suffered themselv un the me ocoesion fo be utterly vanqhe& 
sutition of the Dibrenses, a boMering to  Epis, besied by the 
Turks,  mirulous almost  repoS. BeoEuse a de dog w flung  the 
ouly founin which the city had, theywoddie of thi all, rathertn dHnk 
of that r unclean water, and yield up the city upon any oenditions. Though 
the proetor and chief cite   drk fit, ing all good peuion 
their superstition w such, no sang wod oerve, they mt all fohwith die 
or eld up the city. Vix aum ips r (saith  Barletius) tantam per- 
stitm, v ae mam nc causam tantoe d val  m, 
qtum n dubem m poti quam admrbn pos turmn. e 
s w o ridiculo, he was ashed fo repo if, cae he thought 
n,,body wofid beEeve if. It  und fo relate whut strange effects thh 
idolat and supemtition hath brought foh ofthe latter yeam in the Indies 
and th,.se bordefing pa: t in what ferai shapes the u devil  adore  id 
mali innnt,  they my; for in the mountss betwixt SoEn«lern and 
Aleppo, at this day, there e dwelg a oeain kd ofpple oelled Coerds, 
coing of the race of the ancient Pahians, who wohip the devil, and alleg« 
this rein in  doing: God  a goed man and wi do no haro, but the devfl 
i bad and mt be pled, lest he hu the If h wonde to te how the 
dedl deludes them, how he tees them, how they offer men and women 
sacrifices to him, a hundred at once,  they d 
of old, the finest children, fike Aamemnon s Iphigenia,&c. At Mexioe, 
when the Spaniards tiret overoeme the they dMly cfifioed va inum 
 è vivtium p tracta, the heas of men yet livg, 20,000 in 
a year (Aoesta, lib. 5. cap. 20) fo the ido]s ruade of flour and men's bloo 
and eve year 6000 ioEm of both oex: d 
they bu the wiv with hban deed, 't fl  repoS, and der 
to befieve. 
" am cmen habent t 
Conj udor t non fic 
andbm them ave, t goods, seants, hom wh a ndee es,  twe]ve 
thound at once amortit the Tartam, when a -eat cham depart or an 
empemr in Ameri: how they plae themoelves, which abstain om  that 
bath life. le tho old Pgor, th immodemteft, b the 
ana about Suret, they of China, that for supemtition sake never eat 
fiesh nor h all their lires, never mT, but rive  de and by-pla, 
sud some pray to theidolstwenty-fohom tother thout anyinterio 
bitg of their ton when they have done, for devotion's ke. Some agMn 
are brought fo that madne by their supemtitlons pfies (tt te them such 
« stories of immoty, d the joys of hcaven  that other fife), e that 
 Bote, ht lib. 2. enp. 1  q utarch t Cr. 
• Lib. ri. de gess nde-be t In temphs immaa Idolom monsa niciunUoe, mamor 
li lu¢e  Ricci. e De en plare non et 
t«nt, & x Fer. Coux Wbl. Polu  'eomnu& nag. fi 6. p. 9. P. r. 
{«ean. d  Propein b. 3. e]e. IR. ** The  a nt ont tbe g iv   wch I 
follow *e bband, and hot be allowed  e for him  unt a d_a" * Mathi * Iio 
bEpt Jei anno 1549. avet  Idemqne Ricciexl,ecad Sin I. I. r J 
r apud eoe to e  about et piib oh reonem, 
eleu, c Ad immo OEitnçm oe pirt i matra  $ mnifi mol h i 
¢ prœepos Immo]in stu$o raaz, t re rct 
[t «l.u. 



many thousauds v,,hmt-arily break their own necks, as Cleombrotus Ambor- 
ciatts» auditors of old, precipitate themselves, that they may participate of 
that unspekable happiness in the other world. One poisons, another straugles 
himse[f, and the King of China had done as much, deluded with the vain hope, 
had ho hot been detained by his servant. But who can sufficiently tell of 
their several s, perstitions, vexations, follies, torments I may conclude with 
d Possevinus, Religiojeacit asperos dtes, lwTnines fe'rls; tperstltio ex ]wminibu. 
rira, religion makes wild beasta civil, superstition makes vase mon beast 
and fools ; nd the discreetet tht are, il" they give way toit, are no bettet" 
than dizzrds ; nay more., if that of Plotinus be true../s uns religlonis ncolms , 
u$ ei ,em collmus similes.fiazus, that in the drift of religion to make us like 
hira whom we wo-ahip : what sha- ll be the end of idolaters, but to degenerate 
into stocks and stones ] of such as worship these heathen gods, for dii gentium 
dceraon, ebut to become devils themselves ] 'Tis theretbre exltlosus error et 
»axirn$ periculosus, a most perilous and dangerous error of all others, as 
fPlutarch holds, turbulenta passio hominem conternans, a laestilent, a trouble- 
some passion, that utterly undoeth men. Unhappy superstition, gPliny calls 
it, mor$ non]Tniur, death takes away life, but hOt superstition. Impious and 
iffaorant are far more happy than they which are superstitious, no torture like 
to if, none so continuate, so general, so destructive, so violent. 
In this superstitious row, Jews for antiquity may go next to Gentiles : what 
of old they have done, what idolatries they bave committed in their groves and 
high places, what their Pharisees, Sadducees, Scribes, Essei, and such sectariv 
bave maintained, I will hot so much as mention : for the present, I presum,, 
no nation under heavea can be more sottish, ignorant, blind, superstitious, 
wilful, obstinate, and pcevish, tiring themselvea with vain ceremonies to no 
pm]aose ; ho that shall but rend their rabbins' ridiculous comments, their 
strange interpretation of scriptures, their absurd ceremonies, fables, childish 
tales, which they stedfastly believe, will think they be scarce rational crea- 
tures; their folish  customs, when they rise in the morning, and how they 
prepare themselves to prayer, to meat, with what superstitious washings, hov 
to their sabbath, to their other feasts, weddings, buria|s, &c. Last of all, tho 
expectation of t hoir Messiah, and those figments, miracles, vain pomp tha 
shall attend him, as how ho shall terrify the Gentiles, and overcom them by 
new diseases ; how Michael the archangel shall sound his truml»et, how ho 
ahoe gather ail the scattered Jews in the tIoly Land, and there make them a 
great banquet, "iWherein shall be all the birds, beasts, fishes, that over God 
r, ade, a cup of wine that grew in laaradise, and that bath been kept in Adam's 
cellar over since." At the first course shall be served in that great ox in 
Job iv. 10, "that every day feeds ou a thousand hil]s," Poe. L 10, that 
great Leviathan, and a great bird, that laid an egg so big, "kthat by chance 
tmnbling out of the nest, it -knocked down three hundred tall cedars, and 
breaking as it fell, drowned one hundred and sixty villages :" this bird stood 
Ula to the kneea in the sea, and the sea was so deep, that a hatchet would hot 
fall to the bottom in seven years : of their Messiah's lwives and children 
Adam and Eve, &c., and that one stupend fiction amongst the test: when a 
Pman prince askd of rabbi Jehosua bon Hanania, why the Jews' God was 
compared to a lion ; ho ruade answer ho compared himselfto no ordinary 
but to one in the wood Ela, vhich, when ho dsired to see, the rabbin prayed 
1 Catfone in lib. IO. Boulul de tepub, f,»L I I t. • Quia Ipslus dlaboli rit nequltiam referant. ! Lib. 
de superatit, g Homin,bns vitre finis mors, non autem superstitmnD, profert hoec suos terminos vt-rs vitœe 
£nen h Buxtorflus, Synagog. Jud.  4. Ivter precandum voeo pediculos atÙngat, ¢el picem, aut per 
guttur Inferlus ventura emittttt, &c. Id.  b. et 1. ¢I- 6. ! Iltic omnla an|vna]l piston, arcs, quos 
l)eus unquam ceav|t ma¢tbuntur, et vinum generosum, e If Cujus iapsu cedrl altissiml ê00 dejec I 
Jnt, quumque  lapon ovm fuerat confracturn, pq 160 inde eulm3ersi, et alluvione inundatL i Et-ery 
king of the world 8hli eend 
dathtera eh. tte,d on him, 



[Part. 3. Sec. 

te God ho might, and forthwith the lion set forward, .m But when ho w 
four hundred mlles frein IRome ho se roared that all tho great-bellied women 
in IRome ruade abortioas, the city walls fel[ down, and when ho came a hun- 
dred mlles nearer, and roarcd a second rime, their teeth fol[ out of their heads» 
the empoter himself fell down dead, and se the lion went back.  With an 
infinite number of such lies and forgeries» which they verily believe, feed 
themselws with vain hope, and in the mean rime wi]l by no persuasions ho 
diverted, but still crucify their seuls with a company of idle ceremonies» lire 
like slaves and vagabonds» wfll net be relieved or reconcled. 
lahometans are a compound of Gentiles» Jews, and Chrstlans and se 
absurd in their ceremonies» as if they had taken that which is most sottish out 
of every one of them» full of idle fables in their superstitious law» their Alco- 
ran itself a gallimaufry of lies, tales, ceremonies, traditions» precepts» stolen 
frein other sects» and confusedly heaped up te delude a company of rude and 
barbarous clowns. As how birds» beasts, stones» saluted Mahomet when ho 
came fxom Mecca, the moon came down frein heaven te visit him, n how God 
sent for him, spake te him, &c., with a company of stupend figments of the 
angcls, sun, moon, and stars, &c. Of the day ofjudgment, and three sounds 
te prepare it, which must last fifty thousand years of Paradise, which wholly 
consists in coeundi er comedendi voluptale, and pecminis hominibus 8cri]um, 
bestialis beatitudo, is so ridiculous, that Virgil, Dante, Luchn, nor any poet 
can be more fabulous. The_r rites and ceremonies are most wLin and super- 
stitious, wine and awine'a flesh are utterly forbidden by their law, o they must 
pray rive times a day; and atill rowards the south, wash beforo and after ail 
their bodies over, with many such. Fox- fasting, vows, relig[ous orders, pere- 
grinatios, they go far beyond any Papists, Pthey fast  month together many 
rimes, and must hot est  bit till aun be set. Their kalenders, dervises, and 
torlache, &c., are more q abstemious some of them, than Carthusians, Fran- 
ciscans, Anchorites, forske al], lire solitary, rare hard, go naked, &c. 
rTheir pilgrimages are as far as to the river Ganges (which the Gentiles of 
those tracts likewise do), to wash themselves, for that river as they hold bath 
a aovereign virtue to purge them of MI sins, and no man can be saved that 
bath hot been washed in it. 1Por which reason they corne far and near from 
the Indies ; Maximus gentunt omnlu» confluoeus est; and infinito numbers 
yearly resort te if. Others go as far as ][ecca te ]Iahomet's tomb, which 
joutey is both miraculous and medtorious. The ceremonies of flinging stones 
te stone the devil, ofeting  camel st Ciro by the way; their fastings, their 
running till they swet, their long prayers, Mahome*.'s temple, tomb, and 
building of if, would ask a whole volume te dilate: and for their pains taken 
in thi holy pilgrimago, al[ their sins are forgiven, and they reputed for se 
many saints. And diverse of them with hot bricks, when they return, will 
put out their eyes» «ttlutt they never after cee any profane thing, bito out 
their tongues," &c. They look for their prophet Mahomet as Jews de for their 
Messiah. lead more of their customs, rites, ceremonies, in Lonicerus, Turcic. 
ldst. rem. 1. frein the tenth te the twenty-fourth chaptor. Bredenbachius» 
cap. 4, 5, 6. Leo Afer, l/b. 1. ]usbecluius , SabeRicus» Purchas, l/b. 3. cap. 
3, eS 4, 5. Theodorus Biblhnder, &c. lIany foolish ceremonies you shall 
find in them; and which is most te ho lamented, the people at generally 
se curious in observing of them, that if the least circumstance be omitted, 
R mqum.qna.tn, gentls adhn¢ miIlhflbu  trop¶rature Leo hic beet, tare fortlter raglebat, nf mnlierea 
omanm &nortermt omnes, tout,que,  Stromus CIcogna, ommf. mag. hb. t. « l. putida mult& recenser 
exAloorano, decoelo, stell AngeAl, oncere_ 1, . i. 1. °Qu£uqule in dle orur'm'oe tenenmr 
ad meden redenbs.hua, cap. . i In cioHbee snno rneneem in.L, Tum jeunsnt lnterdiu nec 
dentelnecbibente &. qNul]lunQumnmurl per tots letstem eazbLs untUro Leo 
r [,onlcerus, to. |. ep 17. 18. • ot'du Arthus, ca. 33. hLslu orent, lndi: op|nlo es e:plttornm 
.tuem ; et nec mudtm &b omut eto nec salvum fier| ço qui noil ho tunme ne &bluet: q 
a:am ex tot/ndl  t Qui& nil voltm demcl 



/,lem. 1. Subs. 3.] 8ymptoras fRdçio Mdancholy. 

695 

they think they shall be dam.ed, 'tis an irremissible offence, and can hardly 
be forgiven. I kept in my bouse umongst my foowe (saith Busbequius, 
sometime the Turk's or in Constantinople) a Turkey boy, that by chanoe 
did eat shell-fis u mt forbidden by their w, but the next day when he 
knew what he had done, he w hot only sick to cast and rotait, but very much 
troubled in mind, would weep and Ug6eve many days aher, torment himself 
for hh foul offence. Another Turk being todrink oEpofwhe in seellar, 
rirai ruade u huge noi and filthy ces, ,,x wa  d,  he raid, thaç 
it should hot  flty of tht foui fct which he w to commit." With such 
ys  these are men kept in awe, and so eowed, that they chre hot resist, 
or offend the lt ccumstauoe of their law, for eonseience'-se misled by 
supetition, whieh no ha edioE otherw, no force of urms, eould bave 
eorc 
In the t p are Pseudo-Christia, in describing of whose supetitious 
sptoms, as a xture of the rt, I may y that whieh St. Benedict onoe 
mw h a vision, one devfl in a markepce, but ten in a montery, beoeuse 
them w more work; h populo cities they wod swr aad fowear, lie, 
çals, deive fst enough of themselves, one devfl codd ch.cumvent a thou- 
nd; but h the regious hoes u thound devis oeuld scaroe mpt one 
silly mon Ail the pncipM deS, I think, by themoelves  subveing 
Chsans; Jews, Gentfles, and Iahometan are era caum, out of thv 
fold, and need no such attendce, they make ao ristaaoe, Yeos enSn lsar« 
glig, yos yuo jure pose se sit, they are h o already : bu 
Chfistins bave that seld of faith, sword of the Spirit to rest, and must 
bave a great del of battery before they  be overcome. That the devil  
most busy amont us tht are of the te ehureh, pa by those several 
oppotio, heresies, schisms, whieh  ail ages he hath rised  subvert it, 
and in that of Rome cially, wherein chst himself now sits and phys 
his prhe. This mys T of qty beg  work even in the Apostl' time, 
my Antichars and heretics wcre abrod, many spng up sinoe, many now 
pren and ll be to the world's end,  demeatate men's ms,  seduee 
and ptivate the souls. Their symp I know hot how beer to express, 
th in that twofold division, of such  led and are led. Sueh  lead are 
heretics, sehmati, lse prophets, postom, and thek te : they bave 
some oemmon sympms, some uliar. Common, as madness, folly, pride, 
insolency, aogancy, sinsfity, phness, obstinacy, impudenoe, scorn, and 
oenmpt of aH other sects: ff ullius OEdicti rare in vba gist; z they 
1 approve of nought but what they first invent themselves, no interpreSation 
g but what thdr ioEMhble spirit dictat: none shall be in snd, no hot 
in i, they are only se, only learned h the tth, all damned but they 
d thek foHowers, cm sipturam ]aciu  riam sm, saith 
Teulln, they make a slaughter of Sc6pt, d t it  a nose of wax 
 the o en. 8o efragable, in the mntime, tt what they haro 
onoe id, they mt and w mainin, in whole tomes, duphfio, tfiplie 
tions, never yidd to death, o selçoenoeited, say what you ean. As "Beard 
(etToneously me say) spks of P. iard,  Tatr sic, atq ego sic. 
Though  tho Fathem, Counoils, the whole world contraoE it, they caro hot, 
they are aH one : and as bGrego weH nos "of such  e veious, 
they think aB  rond and mov, ail err; when  the error is wholly h 
their own bra." aanus, the J«uit,  his Comment on I Tire. 
xvL 20, and A1phomus  cast l. 1. adv«sus h, ves two more 
eeat ao» or probable oenje fo ow such men by (they might haro 
 N  oendi  ft. x Ut  iquoe an  recipere ne  flet ej dellc 
od ip eTst adm Y Gregor. Hom. a ,. d to the dictates no mt¢r." a EpI 190. 
Orat. . ut vene covp vld o movvrh oma  sa .h quumen'or  i oer¢bro oek 



$9G ?«[iylous .]Ielancv[y. UPart. 3. Sec. 4. 
taken tcmse]v by te noses wen they id it), « eFt thcy affect novelti 
and toys, and prefer ehood before truth; asnoey, tvy ce not wt 
tbey say, tat wic rn d foy bath brought out, œede afard, 
pcevn and contcy sha mnta to the t gp." Peculi 
ms are proo çaradoxoe, ne doctes, v çhantm whic  ny 
and diver  they temselv eicolait of old wod ave wiv 
common : $Ionnts wl hot ma af , nor Tati, forbidng a flesb, 
Severians wine; Adamia go nak; fbeoee Adam d so  Pa; and 
some g barefoot ail the v, ecae God, Exod.  and Josh v. bid 
so to do; and Iiah  w bid put o his sh ; Ianiche hold that 
Pythagorean tmmigration of som men fo bts; « the rcumoeo 
in hca, with a ad cruelty, nae away thelves, soe by 'e, ar, 
rng teir n, d seduoed othe do te e, thrng some they 
did hot,"  "th a thoand such ; as you ay read  iAustin (for there woee 
fouore and eleven heresies in his tim, id hisms d smaller ftio) 
Epiphanius, Alpho de Castro, Danœe, Gab, Pratl, &c. Ofpmphe, 
enflmsiasts and impostors, o lesitioel stofi afford many emles; 
of Eli and ChEts,  o kEudo  sl, a Briton  King Sphen's 
rime, tlat ment ible, translad himsdf om one fo other  a moment, 
fed thonds with goed cheer  the ldeme and many such ; nothing so 
common  miracle, io, reveltio, prophede Now what the bra- 
sick hetioE once broach, and sto set on foot, be it never so absurd, 
fidse, and prodio, the coon people w foow and beHeve. It  m 
along like murra in OEttl soEb  oep. ffu sc,  he d, 
stitio scio :  he that is bitn  a mad dog bit othem, and aH 
the e5d become mad; either out of affection of novelty, simplicity, blind zl, 
hope and fear, the giddy-headed mtitude w embra it, and thout ther 
examination approve it. 
,ed va quermur, these are old, £oec prusfe. In o days me bave a 
ew scene of supemtitious impm and hereti. A new oempany ofto, of 
Antichris, that great tichrt mœe: a tope ofpopes, tt by the a 
and authority bear down  before them : who om that te they procmed 
tbemselvesvel bishops, totabh town kingdom, sovity, 
n and to enrich themselv, broughtinsuch acompany ofhumantradition 
purgatory, £1mbs Parfum, antum, and a that subtermnn geoaphy, 
m, adoration of ts, as, ft, b dgences, ordem, frm, 
shrines, musty re, excommuoetions, oenfessions, satisctions, bd ob 
dienc, vows, pilages, pereinations, with many such cious toy 
intricate subtleti, oss eom, obscure question, to vindica the better and 
set a glo upon them, that the light of t spel w quite eclipd, rkn 
over alL the Scptures conceale legen brougbt , religion bahe 
hypocritioE1 supetition exalte and the chtch itse m obscured and 
secuted, Cht and h membe cced more, afth Beo, by a few nec 
nmntical, atheistioel poe, than ever it w by aj the Apostate, Pohy- 
rius the Platonist, ls the physici baus the Sophisr; by those 
heathen emperom, Hu, Goths, and Vds. at eh of them d, by 
what mns, at what tim quib auli, surstition Eimbed to th height, 
tratio creed, d Antichar he oeme to h te, let debg- 
• R« nov affccnt et $nut f«a ve pet. . qu tefi effutiefl Id rb  
çueimr et naci &c. d See more  Vcen L.  An de hoer  
mlerens. f Quod ante poEvlt Ado, nud era $ A nu us r amb 
• lnna reflète i non parut, nain r mo v p$pifi ua  1$ lp n 
et in tum lom io  o m ni  1 Elenck hoer ab or n 
• Nnbrlni$ iib. p. 19. I Jov$ Pon  DiaL m   Po n   noa 
pcr zub ie i$g$oni$ bandulenter subve poncbat. a t   f nt 
Chrisliar et paltinum deum (ai S[a  . 9. 19.L m nu     
Jmm, genem in Cum,  



]fem. 1. Subs. 3.] ,SymltO ofR«li Mlanc/ioly. 

(;97 

euses, Kernni':us, Osiander, Baie, ][ornsy, Fox, Ushcr, and many othera 
relate. In the mean rime, he that shall but sec their profane ries and 
foolih customs, howsuperstitiously kept, howstrictly observed, their multitude 
o| saints, images, that rabble of Romish deities, for trades, professions, diseasee 
persons, offices, countries, places; St. George for Englad; St. Denis for 
France; Patrick, Ireland; Andrew, Scotland; Jago, Spain; &c. Gregory 
for students; Luke for painters; Cosmns and Damian for philosophers; 
Crispin, sh0emakers; Katherine, spinners; &c. Anthony for pigs; Gallu«, 
geese; Wenceslaus, sheep; Pelagins, oxen; Sebastian. the plague; Valen- 
tine, falling sickness : Apollonia., tooth-ache; Petronella for agues; and the 
rirgin JIary for sea and land for all parties, offices: he that shall observe 
these things, their shrines, images, oblations, pendants, adorations, pi]grim- 
ages they mako te them, what creeping te crosses, our Lady of Loretto's rich 
°gowns, ber donaries, the cost bestowed on images, and number of suitors; 
St. lgicholas Burge in France; our St. Thomas's shrine of old at Canterbury; 
those relies at lome, Jerusalem, Genoa, Lyons, Pratum, St. Denis; and how 
many thousands corne yearly te effet te them, with what cost, trouble, anxiety, 
superstition (for ferry several masses are daily said in seine of their Pchurches, 
and they rise at ail hours of the night te mass, corne barefoot, &c.), how they 
spend themselves, rimes» goods, lires, fortunes, in such ridiculons observations 
their tales and figments, false miracles, buying and selling of pardons, in- 
dulgences for 40,000 years te corne, their processions on set days, their strict 
fastings, monks, anchorites, friar mendicants, Franciscans, Carthusians, &c. 
Their vigils and faits, their ceremonies at Chzstma-% Shrovetide, Candlemas, 
Palm-Sunday, Blaise, St. Ktain, St. lgicholas' day ; their adoration exor- 
cisms, &c., will think all those Grecian, Pagan, Mahometan superstitions, 
gods, idols, and ceremonies, the naine, time and place, habit only altered, te 
bave degenerated into Christians. Whilst they prefer traditions beforo 
Scriptures; those Evangelical Councils, po erty, obedience, voxvs, altos, fasting, 
supererogations, belote God's Commandments; their own m<linances instead 
of his precepts, and keep them in i-momnce, blindness, they bave brought the 
eommon people into such a cae by their cunning canveyances, strict discipline 
and servile education, that upon pain of damnation they daro net break the 
least ceremony, tradition, edict; hold it a greater sin te eat a bit of rneat in 
Lent than kill a man: their consciences are se terrified, that they are ready 
te despair ff a small ceremony be omitted; and will accuse their own father, 
mother, brother, sister, nearest and dearest friends of heresy, if they de net as 
they de, ill be their chief executioners, and help first te bring a faggot 
burn them. What mulet, what pcnance soever is enjoined, they dare net but 
de it» tumble with St. Francis in the mire arnongst hogs, ff they be appointed, 
go woolward, whip themselves, bui]d hospitals, abbeys, &c., go te thc 
or West Indies, kilI a king, or run upon a sword loint; they Ierform 
all, without any muttering or hesitation, believe ail 
«q Ut puert [nfante$ credunt signa omnia ahena I "As cbùden think thelr bable lire to 
ivere, et ese hommes, et sic  omnia fl__._ts,, Do thcy theae braeu images they 
Vra putant, credtmt signls cor mee ahema 
And whilst the ruder so are so carrieà headlong wlth bl]nd zeal, are so 
gulled and tortured by their superstitions, their own too credulous simpticity 
and ignorance, their elicurean popes and hypocritical cardinals lugh in their 
s|eeves, and are merry in their chambers with their punks, they do 
9eio, and make much of themselves. The middle sort, some for private gain, 
hope of eclesiastica1 preferrnent (qu/s eaiuediv vs/tao u î«;), popu- 
larity, base flattery, must and will betieve all their paradoxes and absurd 
e OEe im, hal oe govrn ortb 400 crovns and more" 1 A at ot Id "s ¢harch t Bergao tn Ita]yo 
 Luciliu iïb. 1. c. 2 de fls relg. 



698 Rel;ous Mdancholy. [Part. 3. Sec. 4. 
tenets, without exception, and as obstinately maintain and put in practice all 
their traditions and idolatrous ceremonies (for their relion is half a trade) te 
tre death; they wfll defeml all, tre golden legend itsel with all the lies and 
tales in it: as that of St. George, St. Christopher, St, Winifred s St. Deuis, &c. 
It is a wonder te see how Iic Harpsfield, that pharisaical impostor, amongst 
the test, Ecclesia.t. Hist. cap. 22. seec. pri-m. »x., puzzles himself te vindicato 
that ridiculous fable of St. Ursula and the eleven thousand virgins, as when 
they lived, r how they came te Cologne, by whom martyred, &c., though ho 
can say nothing for it, yet he muse and will approve it: nobilitavit (in,luit) lwc 
sceculum Ursula cure comitibus, cujus historia utinam tare mihi esset oedita 
et verra, quam in anirtw meo certu¢a ac ex2edltum est, extra esse cure soddibus 
beatam in ccelis virginem. They muse and will (I say) either out of blind zeal 
believe, vary their compass with tre test, as tre latitude of religion varies, 
apply themselves te tre times and seasons, and for fear and flattery are con- 
tent te ubscribe and te de ail tbat in them lies te maintain and defend their 
present government and slavish religions schoolmen, canonises, jesuits, friars, 
l,riests, orators, sophisters, who either for that they had nothing else te de, 
luxm-iant wits knew net otherwise how te busy themselves in those idle rimes, 
for tre Church then had few or no open adversaries, or better te defend their 
lies, fictions, mia-acles, transubstantiations, traditions, pope's pardons, purgato- 
ries, masses, impossibflities, &c. with glorious shows, fait pretences, big words, 
and plausible wits, rave coined a thousand idle questions, nice distinctions. 
subtleties, Obs and Sols, such tropological, allegorical expositions, te salve ail 
appearances, objections, such quirks and quiddities, qudlibetaries, as Baie 
saith of Ferribrigg¢ and Strode, instances, ampliations, deca-ees, glosses, 
canons, that instead of sound commentaries, good preachex, are corne in a 
company of mari sophisters, primo secundo secundarii, sectaries, Canonises, 
Sorbonists, ]k[inorites, with a rabble of idle controversies and questions, n a 
Papa sit Deus, an quasi Deus? An participer utramque Christi naturami 
,Vhether it be as possible for God te be a humble bee or a gourd, as a man? 
Whether re can produce rspect without a tbundation or terre, make a whore a 
virgin? fetch Trajan's seul frein heil, and how ? with a rabble of questions 
about hell-fire: whether it be a greater sln te kill a man, or te cloue shoes 
upon a Sunday whether Goal tan make another God like unto himselfi 
Such, sŒEith Kemnisius, are most of your schoolmen (mere alchemists), 200 
commentators on Peter Lambard; (Pitslus vatal, scriptorum Angllc. reckons 
up 180 English commentators alerte, on the marrer of tre sentences), Seotists, 
Thomists, lals, lçominaLs, &c., and se perhaps that of St. tAustin may be 
verifieck [ndocti 'aliu,nt ccdum doctl interim descendunt ad infernum. Thus 
they continued in such errer, blindness, decrees, sophims, superstitions; idle 
ceremouies and traditions were the sure of their new-coined holiness and 
religion, and by these knaveries and stratagems they were able te involve multi- 
tudes, te deeeive tre most sanctified seuls, and, if it were possible, tre very 
elect. In tre mean rime the true Chureh, as wine and water mixed, lay hid 
and obscure te speak of, till Luther's tlme, who began upon a sudden te 
defecate, and as another sun te drive away those foggy mises of superstition, 
te restore if te that purity of tre primitive Church. And after him many 
good and godly men, divine spirits, rave done their endeavours, and still de. 
tu And wlt thelr Ignorance asteem'd o holy, 
Out wir age de a¢count as folly." 
But see tre devil, that will never surfer tre Church te be quiet or af rest: no 
garden se well tilled but seine noxioua weeds grow up in it, no wheat but if 
rA 441. • Hmplnlan 0slander. An hoec propoeitto Dent Me mlcurbita vel earabeua. tir iut 
losaibflis ac  et homo An 1o ree©um prnducee ine udseto et trmuo. An leu  
holnem juu]re quam dit dommco ©ceum consuere  Dt doct. Chrkn. 



em. 1. Subs. 3.] ymt0ofltd01o Mda»ct[y. 
bath oeme tares we bave a mad giddy company o precia, schismati 
and me hereti, even h our own ms in another extreme, "XDum 
sti  in ntra t;" that out of  much zl in otion t,, 
Antichar, human hitions, those Romish Es and superstition, w quite 
demolish ail, they ]l at of no cemoes at a no tting da, no cross 
h baptm, kneelhg at communion, no church mic, &c., no bi»hop's cou, 
no choech government, roe at all our chuoeh diil»e , will not hold the 
ngue and a for the pee of thé, O Sion No, hot so much  de 
some of them H lemte, or universities, aH human leaing ('t do 
diab), h, habits, OEp and surplice, such   things hdiffercnt in them- 
lv, and wholly for oament, decen, or tinction'-sake, they abhor, hate, 
and snuff at,  a sne-hoe when he mee a br: they make matters of 
conce of them, and 11 ther foke the n than substbe to 
them. They will adroit of no holida, or hont recreatio,  of hawng, 
hting, &c., no chiches, no be some of the bac Papis use them; 
no plhe, no ceremonies but wbat they hvent theclves; no terpreta- 
tions of scptures, no coents of fathe, no oeunc, but such  their ow 
nttil spiriç dictate, or reca at,  Snians, by hich spit mied, 
ny tes they broach  pdious paradoxes  Papists themselv. 
of them tm prophets, have cret vehtio, wiH be of pvy coc with. 
God  and ow l  oeoeets, Yer cai« spim saum ten«t, 
et omnia clunt  nt aini niwn btinatmi, a company of giddy 
h  ke uu them to define how mny ah be ved d mho dmned 
h apah, whero they ahll sig h heven, inrp ApooElses, 
toee œedpites  ertinosos, one OE them,  well he might) d hoso 
hidden mysted o private peons, g, plac,  the o spig informs 
them, private revelafio sha auggea, and pre0iaely oeg down when the worl 
 corne o n end, what yer, whag month, wt day. Eome of hem 
hve such aoug ith,  prespuous, they w   infoe ho, 
exp dev, and fst foy daya,  Chrhg hieff oed; ome c God and 
h atdbtes into question, as Vorsius d Soein; ome pdn, civil 
mttea, and the authofities, as anabapist  do all ghe o privae 
pifit , nd nothing ehe. Browniss, BoEot, Fa and 
AmsteM secta and coEdoe, re led all by  mny pdva ap 
h  wonder o rev wht paages 81eidn relg in s commad of 
Cck, Knipperdong, and heh- assoeiat, the madmen of Mter 
Geany ; whag arrange enghiasms, aotish reveltions they had, how 
«urdly ghey crfied gheelv, deluded ohe; nd  prooEno M«hiavel h 
gieal sputationa hol of Christian on, h gene it doth enervate, 
debtate, take ay men' spirita d com'age om them,mlr eddit 
ines, bree nogg ao coag oldie  thg mn : wo may y 
of the peciar sees, their reon tak way hot spiris only, but g and 
judent, d depriv them of thr uadenng; for me of them are o 
far gone with the pdvae enth nd reveltio, tht they are qui 
mad, out of the .  ter madn OEn there be, than [br a man 
 te upon him fo be a God,  aomo do  be the oly Ghos, , and 
what nog? In Pohnd, 1518, h tho ign of King und, one id ho 
w , d ç  twelvo atl, came  judge the worhl, and atgely 
deluded tho commons. One Dard George,  flliçerate iner, hot many 
yea ince, did  much in olld, tk upon h  be thehh, and bd 
my foHowe. Benect Vicnus Faveutus, co. 15, it  much 
of one Hono»i, tht thought he w hot oy hsped  a prophet, but tt 
 xt   al e oe ey  ln oer   op ter.   rlp. e 
s Ale Ga. 2 Dpulis it m In mod popt d aG' d 
,nplur ht  b sdem honorat 



700 Reis Melanco[Sl. [Part. 3. Sec. 4. 
he w a God himsclf, and had  mfiiar cooEence with God and h[ angels. 
vat.  . c. 2. par. 8. th a story of one John Saori, tt thoughb 
he was the prophet s, and coEp. 7. of ve othe that had conference 
th angeh, were in, propheta Wier, l. 3. de ami, c. 7. kes 
mention of a prophet of Grong that id he w d the Father; of au 
Ilian d Spanh prophet that held  muc We noed hot ve so 
abro, we have 1 empl at home: Hackett that id he w Chrht; 
Coppger and Anon  ipl;  Burchet d Hovat«, bued at 
orwic e are never Hkely seven y togher thout some such new 
prophets that bave sever inspatio, some to nvert the Jews, some 
foy days, go th Dael  the Hon's den; some forete stnge rhino, some 
for one thing, some f another. Gt precians of mn conditions and very 
illitera, most p by a preposterous ze, fting, meditatio melancholy, 
are brought in to those oss errom aud inoenvenienoe Of tho men I y 
conclude, generally, that however they may soem  be dreet, and men of 
undetandg  other mat, dcoue well, sam habett imagiim, 
they are ke comets, round  aH places but where they 
they have imprenable wits many of them, and screet otherwe, but  th 
their moeness d foy brea out beyond mur 
u[iti. They are cerinly r gone with melancholy, if hot quite mad, and 
ve more ne of physic tn many a man that koeps   more ne of 
heebore th tho that are  Beoeam. 
You may le at the proostioE by the spto. at can the si 
foret.eH otherw than folly, dotée, madne, gro iguorce, dpa, obsti- 
cy, a rel)robate sense, « a bad end  What ee c sumtitlon, hey, 
produoe, but wam, tumults, uprm, torture of so, and des,if, a dlate 
land, as Jeremy teacheth, cap. i. 3 when they commit idotry, d walk 
r their o ways how should it be otheise with them what can thcy 
expect but" bstg, ine, de«rth," and aH the plagu of Ept, 
denounceth, cap. iv. «rs. 9. 10. to be led to ptity 
fate, "we sow much an«l bEng  ttle, eat and bave not enouh, dk 
and are hot fiHed, clothe and be not warm, . Haa i. 6. we look for much 
and it com  ttte, whence  it H hoe wwte, they e to their 
own hou rrs. 9. theroEore the heaven syed 
Bee we are supemtitio, eligio, we do not rve 
the p d meri corne upon   what OEn we look for e but mutu 
wa slaughtem, fi ends  th e d  the e to corne eal 
dationl Vhat  it that bath caused  many fvral battles to be fought, 
so much Chtbloodshed, butsupemtitlon Tt Sphquisitio mc, 
whoels, rts, rmcnts, whence do they proceed  from titiom Boe 
the Frenchman,   e Aed. ist. accotsEnglishmen bbaHa, for their 
cil wam: but let h read tho Phan fiel f fought of   France for 
region, the mes, where by theoE own ratio  twenty-fo y 
I know not how ny mions have been coe whole fami and citi 
and he aH find o to  but vehtio  thé. But it bath ever been 
the ctom ofheretioE d idot, when they aoe ped for their s, and 
God's jt judents corne upon them, hot  acknowlee y t  them- 
selves, but stiH impu it unto otheoE In Cyp's rime it w much cont 
verd betweenm d DemetE  idolar, who ould be the ca oftho 
b H NIo at Leld 1580, ch a on  e Cden' 
bowe bbMonnus  K  Endo de tell  dbc]pl aere pus 
• o ut ; t  flxi 8emel o thcy  bhemlne. 
 v. . • 5   Pope H, pr h  Do 



fem. 1. Subs. 4.] Prognostcs of I?eljîou lIelanc]oly. 

701 

lresent calamlties. Demetrius laid all the fault on Christians, (and so they di.1 
e.ver in the primitive church, as appears by the first book of s Arnobius,) 
, h that there were not such ordinary showel-s in winter, the ripening heat in 
summer, so seasonable springs, fru;tful autumus, no marble mines in the moun- 
tains, less gold and silver than of old; that husbandmen, seamen, soldiers, ail 
were scantcd, justice, friendship, skill in arts, all was decayed," and that 
through Christim" defau|t, and all their other miseries from them, 
zostri à v«Ids non colantur, because they did not worship their gods. But 
Cyprian retorts all upon m again, as appears by his tract against him. 'Ts 
tre'ne the world is miserably tormented and shaken with wars, dearth, çamine, 
tire, inundations, plagues, and many fera] diseases rage amongst us, sednon 
tu quereris ista accidun qtod dii vestri à nobis non colantur sed quod à vobis 
zwn colatur ]Deus, à quibu nec çuoeritt«r, c timetur, not as thou complainest, 
that we do hot worship your gods, but because you are idolaters, and do not 
serve the trm God, neither seek him, nor fear m as you ought. Out papists 
object as much fo us, and account us heretics, we them ; the Turks esteem of 
both as infidels, and we them as a company of pagans, Jews against ail; when 
indeed there is a general fault in us all, and something in the very best, hich 
mayjastly deserve God's wrath, and pull thesemiseries upon our heads. I will 
say nothing hero of those vain cares, torments, needless works, penance, pil- 
grimages, pseudomartyrdom, &c. We heap npon ourselves unnecessary 
troubles, observation; we punish out bodies, as in Turkey (saith  Busbequius, 
Zeg. Turcc. ep. 3.) "one did, that was much affected with music, and fo hear 
boys sing, but very superstitious; an old sybil coming fo his bouse, or a holy 
woman (as that place yields many), took lfim down for if, and told him, that in 
that other world he should surfer for it; thereupon he flung his rich and costly 
instruments which he had bedecked with jewels, all af once into the tire. I-Ie 
was served in silver plate, and had goodly household stuff: a little after, 
another religions man reprehended him in like sort, and from thencefi,rth he 
was served in earthen vessels, last of ail a decree came forth, because Turks, 
night hOt drink wine themselves, that neither Jew nor Christian then living in 
Constantinople, might drink auy wine at aiL" In like sort amongst papists, 
fasting af first was geuerally proposed as a good thing; afer, from such meats 
at set times, and then last of ail so rgorously proposed, to bind the consciences 
ni»on pain of damnation. "First Friday," saith Erasmus, "then Saturday," 
et nunc percli;atur dies lIercuri, and Wednesday now is in danger of a fast. 
,, k And for such like toys, some so miserably aflict theInselves to despair, and 
death itself, rather than offend, and thinlr themselves good Christians in it, 
when as indeed they are superstitSous Jews." So saith Leonardus Fuchsius, 
a great physician in his rime. " We are tortured in Germany with these 
pol,ih edicts, out bodies so taken down, our goods so diminisbed, that if God 
.ad hot sent Luther, a worthy man, in time, to redress these mischlefs, we 
should have eaten hay with our horses before this." m As in fasting, so in all 
other superstitious edicts we crucify one another without a cause, barring our- 
selves of many good and lawful things, honest disports, pleasures and recrea- 
tions; for wherefore did God create them but for our use? Feasts, mirth, 
music, hawking, htmting, singing,, dancing, &c. 

ffAders. Kente% 1lb. 1. ctqtnrn in mnndo ChH:tiana gs i tem orb pess et mKs 
tis tffectu se genus hum em. b Quod n byem nec te nta imbum copi n 
œe torrendis 8oli flanti nec verni tempefie    sin nec re foeb anm 
foendi, min de montib major er,  a, & i li erat oblige e fldib, et 
vote ml uenum; d h omno sublsm Sybi cam t . Inde quicqd erat 
joei &e. k Oh id genus obsata deus nomm mr   uvu   ,    ,,  
Chanos de qvum revera sint Jui. 1 It  o nostrs foanue dret s t, ut 
ar abe nlsl [)eus Luthem virum peeaoria diiss)mm excite qnln uobisfoenomoz 
romuni cure Jumentis cibo und k m The noE  lud,a woE t no sensib crt  
aght t [I, biuvd in i 



702 IL,lious lIelanchol.q. [Pa. 3. ee. . 

Deus inservit, sel in d«liclaz amamur, as Sene not, God would hsvo if so. 
d  to 2. de lusv out,s orsam hominum vn 
the go  oemmioeration of human tate sent AHo, Bchu and the 
Muses, qui m volupta tia et s«Itates b dunt, 
mo, to sing and danoe th . So that he that l hot rejoice and enjoy 
hie g good u of such thin 
pera,  he will, sed pstisus. "There is notg tr for a 
than that he should eat and drin and that he shod ke  soul enjoy good 
in h labour," Eccles. il. 24. d  n one d of hawng and hunting, 
rot sola$ia in hac oeg orb camita loEus toediis deus obj«it, 1 y of all 
honest recreatio, d bath therefore dged them  refresh, ee, eol 
and comfo . But we are me of us too s too  o proeise, o 
ossly supotitio, and whit we ke a cocience ofevery toy, with touch 
hot, ste hot, &c., as tho Phgoma of o1 and some Indh now, that 
xvfil t no flesh, or surfer aay fivg creature to be le the Banans about 
Guzzerat; we tannize over o brothes sooE lose the ght use of my 
good ts; honest o spor, gaines and pleut rectifions, 
thou a OEus lose o fiberties, and metim 
q Magdeburg in Germny, a Jew feH in a pfi upon a Saturday, and thout 
help could hot possibly get out; he OElled fo h fellows for succour, but they 
denied it, bee it w their Sabbath, n la op nuum ezcere; 
the bhop heg of it, the next day forbade m to be ped out, bee 
i w our Sunday. lu the menu te the eh  before Monday. We 
haro mads of exampl  t kd amont those gid sria d 
therefore hOt without gd , r Intolerabi&m pturbanem Sene 
it,  weH he ght, an tolerable perturbation, OEat OEuseth such do events, 
fvlly, madns, sickness, despMr, death of body nd so, and heH itseff. 

SUBSECT. r.--Cure of Rdl9ious lIelancholg. 

To purge the world of idolatry and superstition, wi]l require some monster- 
taming Hercule, a divine 2Escu]apius, or Christ himself fo corne in  own 
person, to reign a thousand years on earth before the end, as the lIillenaries 
will bave him. They are generally so refractory, self-conceited, obstinate, so 
firmly addicted to that religion in which they bave been bred and bronght up, 
that no persuasion, no terror, no persecution, can divert them. The considera- 
tion of which, bath induced many commonwealths fo surfer them fo enjoytheir 
consciences as they will themselve : a toleration ofJews is in most province 
of Europe. In Asia they bave their synagogue : Spaniards permit Moors 
to lire amongst them : the Mogullians, Gentiles : the Turks all religions. In 
Europe, Poland and Amsterdam are the common sanctuaries. Some are of 
opinion, that no man ought fo be compelled for conscience'-sak but let him be 
of what religion he will, he may be saved, as Cotelius was formerly accepted, 
Jew, Tre-k, Anabaptist, &c. If he be an honet man, lire soberly, and 
civflly in hi profession, (Volkelius, Crellius, and the test of the Socinians, that 
now nestle themselve about Cracow and lakow in Poland, bave renewed this 
opinion), serve his own God, with that fear and reverence as he ought. qua 
cuiqu civitai (Loeli) reiio sit, nostra obis, Tully thought fit every city 
should be free in this behalf, adore their ow Custodes et Topicos deos, tutelar 
n Vandormilis de Acnplo. tap. 27. « Some explde ail hmsn author, arts, and sciences, poet& 
13istoric, &c., eo precie their zeal overrnn their wlt.ç; and o etupid, they oppose ail humane learning, 
i.,le.a, ure,.no dancing, slnging, other play, recreatlonB and gaine& hawkinsr buntin M- ._._game. and 
oaztmg, etc. because to sea one beast kill another la the ,it ¢ , ..t''- -~ ---.j ffi-tmmg, oear- 
ac tremebunda cruentls Irrepet genibtte Bi can Ids Jusserit Ino. Juvenal Sect. i. q bi unster  ..... 
I.ib.b .. 3.. e.ap 44_4.Incidit in cloacam, nnde se non Ioaeit eximere, iml3lurat onem aoci ........... ' ....... 



]em. 1. Subs. 5.] 'ur f Rellgiou» l«lanchobj. 703 
and Iooel gods»  Symmachus calls theoE Irates adeth Democus 
« when h m fo a stmnge city,  *womhip by a mns th gods of th 
poe,'ïet unumemçue Toum deum  coli re, quo ips proece- 
t: which ciH  tnuti labour% and would bave eve tioa 
sum  gKs 'e d s co unipes, koep their own cere- 
mo, worsp the ar gods, which Pompous Mela res of the 
toens, Deos suos pao me venantu% they worship their o gods 
acoerding to theoE o ordatiom For why shod any one nation,  he thet 
pleads, chaenge that vematy of God, Deum suum quem n osteunt, 
nev nt, dent scicet et ubiçue prœesm, in omnium m, actus, 
 occultas co91ta iuin, .,  Christians do: let eve provoe 
enjoy the bey  t behalf, womhip one God, or ail as they wHl, d are 
informed. The Romans blt alm DUs Asioe, Eopœe, Lybiœe, diis not et 
regrinis: othem otheLse, &e. Plius cundu¢  apparu by h Epistle 
t Trajan, would not haro the ChrtoE  petuecuted, and in me time ofthe 
reign of axim, m we find it restered  Euoebius, lib. 9. cap. 9. thero 
w a dree ruade fo th pmse, Nullua cogatur invitus ad humst, el illun 
de-m eultua, "leg no one be eompeed agag his wHl go worzhip any 
partieular deity," aad by Coastte in the 19h yr of rei as u Baroni 
iormeth us, Ne alte e«hibeat molestlam, quod eujusque anim vult, hoe 
quque trangat, now gods, new lawgive, new pfieats, wffi bave new eere- 
moni, euomz and rgions, go whieh eve   m a good formalis 
hould aommodate Emsdf. 
«« x Satum periit, peet et ut Jnr 
8«b Joua e md Ja equ Jov." 
Tho d nstanto the Emperor, as Ebius wfi, flg down and demo- 
lh ail tho hthen gods, sflver, gdd tatues, alta, ges d temples, 
and turned them ail go Chfistian ehrehes, infest 9entilium monument lud 
bo exposuit; tho Turk now oenverts them again fo Mahometan mosqu. 
Thefike edie came foh  the rei of & and onorius. Sehus, 
tho orner, i his ya, o proche a neml toleration, med  
"zeso God iz immenso and infit% and h ature eanoç peretly 
known, if is eonvenient ho should be  diver8dy wohipped, as eve maa 
shall roeive or undersan&" If w impoible, ho thought for oae reli#on 
fo ho univemal : you seo that ono small prooe n haroey ho red by ono 
law, eil or sptual; and "how shaB so my distet and vast emp of 
the world ho ted i one Ig nev w, never  be." Md, ff thero 
be fini pno and firmamen$al worlds, m aome , ghere be ini 
nii or mmdg zpits lon#ng go eeh of thom; and ao, per eomequens 
(for hey wil[ ho a udored), to reon &nd therefore let eve 
 keep th propoe figes and eeremo,  th dii tutelarea wHl, ao Tyriuz 
OElls them, "and eording go tho qrer they hold," thek o stitutio, 
revegtions, order oraele which they oee from timo go rime, or teaeh 
theh" priera or miztem. T tenet w siy mated  Turkey nog 
long 8inee, as you may read  çho ghird epistle of Busqui, " 
thoso should prtipa of o1 happess, that ved a holy d ient 
lifo, wt reli#on ever they profeo&" Rtan Bass w a eat patron 
of if; hough $ahomet himself w sent rtute 91adil, go enforco   ho 
tea in his Alco o foow m. Somo ag« wfll approvo of this for Jews, 
ntil«s, infidels» tt are out of tho fold, they en be oennt  give em 
r«,peeç d fayot, but by no mm  sueh m are t tho pro of out 
.......... t t Oco dl. u Annal. m. . ad nnum 324. I 
. s nyvaeoe. ow that Jplter  the worl let  obey  laws." 
Yln ept. 5. sQs de lmmens qddam K et lnflnl cuJus na rfoete oscl non 
otes uum oego  ut diver raone at put qulsqae iqd de Deo perciplt sut mteilgit. 
Csmpeli Cnlcanus and orbes, b teoe beatidin usor for qui cte nonterq 
• c t duxn quamcuue  tonem uu suut. 



704 R«ligious Melanchol. [Par. 3. 8e. 4. 

own church, and called Christians, te no heretlcs, schLamatics, or the llke; let 
the Spanish inquisition, that fourth fuiT, speak of seine ofthem, the civil wars 
and massacres in France, our Marian times. ©Magallianus the jesuit will net 
admit of conference with a heretic, but severity and rigour te be used, non 
illis verba reddere, sed furcas.fi.qere oportct; and Theodosins is commended in 
ieepho, lib. 12. cap. 15. "«That he put all hereties fo silence." Bernard. 
Epi. 190, will have club law, tire and sword for hereie "ecompel them, 
stop their mouths net with disputatlons, or refute them with reasons, but with 
fists ;" and this is thelr ordinaiT practico. Another company are as mild on 
the other side; te avoid all heart-burning, and contentions wars and uproars, 
they would bave a general tolemtion in every kingdom, no mulct at all, no 
man for religion or conscience be put te deatb, which fThuanus the French 
historian much favours; our late Socinians dcfend; Vaticnns against Calvin 
in a large Treatise in behalf of Servetus, vindicates; Castilio, &c., ]Karin 
Ballins and his companions, maintained this opinion net long since in France, 
whose errer is confuted by Beza in a just volume. The medium is best, and 
that which l'aul preribes, Gal. i. "If any man shall fa]l by occasion, te 
restore such a one with the spirit of meekness, by all fair means, gentle admo- 
nitions;  but if that will net take place, Post unam et altcram admonitionem 
œerellcum devita, he must be excommunicate, as Paul did by Hymenoeus, 
delivered over te Satam Immedicabile vulnus ense recide»durn est. As J=[ip- 
pocrates said in physic, I may well say in divinity, Quoeferro lon curantur, 
ignis curat. For the vu]gar, restrain them by laws, mulcts, burn their books, 
îorbid their conventicles; for when the cause is taken away, the effect vill 
soon cease, lTow for prophets, dreamers, and such rude sflly fellowa, that 
through fasting, too much meditation, preciœeness, or by melancholy are dis- 
tempered: the best means te reduce them ad sanam rentem, is te alter their 
course of life, and with conference, threats, promises, persuasions, te intermix 
physic, ttercules de Saxoni'â had such a prophet committed te his charge in 
Venice, that thought hewas Elias, and would fast as he dld ; he dressed a îellow 
in angers attire, that said he came frein heaven te bring 1Lira divine food, and 
by that means stayed his îast, administered his physic; se by the mediation 
of this forged angel he was cured, g lhasis, an Ambian, cent. Kb. 1. cap. 9, 
speaks of a fellow that in like case ¢oraplained te him, and desired his help: 
"I asked him (saith he) what the marrer was; he replied, I ara continnally 
meditating of heaven and he]l, and methinks I sce and talk with fieiT spirits, 
and smell brimstone, &c., and ara se caned away with these conceits, that I 
can nelther eat, ner sleep, ner go about my business: I cured him (saith 
lhasis) partly by persuasion, partly by physic, and se bave I donc by many 
others." We bave frequently such prophets and dreamers amongst us, whom 
we persecute with tire and fggot: I think the most compendions cure, for 
seine of them at least, hsd been in BedlaoE qed de ]Hs $tis. 

]HEMB. IL 
SUBSECT. I.--Ielgious Melancoly in defect; partles affected, Epicur, 
Hypoites, ddlg secue, Carnalts, ail imp persons, imitent 
n that other eme or defect of t love of God, knowledge, fth, f, 
hope, &c. e such  e both  de and mannem, Sadduoe, Heroans» 
hoerev gt.  Ie et fteotiu$ endum Cure reticln m  dtutlonIb 
Ioqu &c. f Pat. Hier. g Quidam conquu$ t mihi de hec morbo,  deprec t rit ego 
illum cem; o quvœl  m d ntireti rpondI% eemp imnor et 
&c.  ira demeu$ um h lmoEatiun rit n am n doi» nec negotdn, 
micin et pulone: et c loe 



libertines, politic]ans; all manner of athelsts, eplcures, infidels, that are secure, 
la a reprobate sense, fear hot God at ail, aad such are too distrustful and 
timorous, as desperate persons be. That grand sin of atheism or impiety, 
hM¢lancthon calls if monstrosam rnelanclwlim, monstrous melancholy; or 
venenatam melac£ol[am, poisoned melancholy. A company of Cyclops or 
giants, that war with the gods, as the poets feigued, antipodes to Christians, 
that scoff at ail religion, at God himself, deny him and all his attributes i 
visdom, power, providence, his mercy and judgment. 
s'i Fsse aliquos maries, et subterranea regna, 
Et contum, et Sygio ranas in gorgite uigr% 
.tQuc una transirc vadum tot millia cymb, 
lec puer/credunt, nJsi qui nondum re lavantur." 
That there i either heaveu or hell, resurection of the dead, pin, ]mpp{ness. 
or world to corne, credat J«dens _dpe//a; for their parts they esteem them as 
so mny let's raies, bugbear, Lucian's Alexander; Moses, ]Iahomet, and 
Christ are ail as one in their creed. When those bloody wrs in France for 
matters of religion (saith k Richard Dinoth) were so violently pursued between 
Huguenots and Papists, there was a company of good fellows laughed them ail 
to scorn, for being such superstitious fools, to lose their wives and fortunes, 
accounting faith, religion, immortality of the soul, mere fopperies and illusions. 
Such lose atheistical spirits are too predominant in all kingdoms. Let them 
cntend, pmy, tremble, trouble themselves that will, for their parts, they fear 
neither God nor the devil; but with that Cyclops in Eurlpides. 
' Hand ulla numina expaveseunt coelitum, I S'They fear no God but oe 
8cd victima |ll]i deorom maximo, I They sacrifice to none, 
3entri orierunt,deos ignorant eaeteros.  But belly, and hlm adore. 
For gods they know no more." 
« Their god is their belly," as Paul sith, ancta mater satu-r{tas;çu6us 
n solo vicend c«usa i:alato est. The idol, which they worship and adore, 
their mistress; with him in Plutus, rnal[em ]oec mu[er 
they had rther bave ber foEvour than the gods'. Satin is their guide, the flesh 
is their instructor, hypocrisy their cousellor, vanity their fellow-soldier, their 
will their law, ambition their captain, custom their fuie; temerity, bohiness» 
imlmdcnce their art, toys their trading, damnation their enoE Ail their endea- 
vours are to satisfy their ]ust and appetite, how to please their genius, and to 
be merry forthe present, Ede, lude, bibe, post mortem nulla voluptas, fa "The 
saine condition is ofmen and of beasts; as the one dieth, so dieth the other," 
F-ccles. iii. 19. The world goes round. 
,, n trodltur dle$ die, 
lov.tae pergunt interire Lunoe :" 
They did eat and drink ofold, marry, bury, bought, sold, planted, built, and 
will do still. "P Our liïe is short and tedious, and in the death of a man there 
lb no recovery, neither was any man known that bath returned from the grave; 
[or we are horn st all adventure, and we shall be hereafter as though we had 
never been; tbr the breath is as smoke in out nostrils, &c., and the spirit 
vanisheth as the sort ir. q Corne let us enjoy the pleasures thut are present, 
let us cheerfully use the creatures as in youth, let us fill ourselves with costly 
wine and ointments, let hot the flower of out life pass by us, letus crown our- 
se]res with rose-huds belote they axe withered," &c. » Viramu mea Lesbia et 
memus, &c. SCome let us take our fill of love, and pleasure in dalliance, for 
this is our portion, this is out lot. Tem])ora labutur, tacitislue senescimu$ 

h De auima, e. de humoribus. ! JuvensL s, That there are many ghosts and subterranean rea]rrs 
and  boat-l snd black fro In the tyan lf, and tht eo y thoands p over in one bo 
ot even boys bcliev unls the hot  yet whed for money."  Ll. 5. Gai. hist. quamplumi reperoE 
«mt qui t pecula $ubeun[ ldebant; et q de ride. relloe &c. dicebsn ludibo habeb nihll 
eorum admittente« de fa/ara ta. 1o,00o sthelsts at this day In Paris, blercnu thin, m ,, Eat, 
drink, be mey; there is no more pleure afler eath." n Ilor. I. 2. od. 18. "Une day sucoeeds another, 
and new moons hten to the we." OLuke xv P Wd. li. 2. q Ver. 6, 7, 8. r Cat 
SFrov. rg. 18. 



70 «l'giou, Melanchol,j. [Pat-g. 3. Sec. 

mdç.t For tae rest of hcavcn and hcll, let children and »uper.titious f,»oh 
believe it: for their pats, they are se far from trembling at the dreadful da}" 
ofjudgment th:xt they wish with Nero, Me tivo fiat, let in tome in their rimes: 
eo ecure, o desperate, se immoderate in |ust and pleasure, se prone te revenge 
that, as laterculus soEid of ome eaitiffs in his rime in 1Reine, Quod wquitèr 
ausi, fortiter executi: in shall net be se wickedly attempted, but as desperately 
petotazned» whatever they take in hand. Were in net for God's restraining 
f,'ace, far and shame, temporal punishment, and their own infamy, they would 
Lycaon-like exenterate, as se many eannibals eat up, or Cadrons' soldiers con- 
eume one anotlaer. These are most impious, and eommonly professed atheists. 
that never use the naine of God but te swear, by; that express nought else 
but epicmsm in their carriage or hypoerisy; with Pentheus they negleet and 
contemn these rites and re:5gious ceremonies ofthe gods; they will be gods 
themselves, or an least socii deorum. 1)iv£sum imperium cure Jove Coesar abet. 
" Coesar divides the empire with J,)ve." Aproyi an 2Egyptian tymnt, grew, 
saith u Herodotus, te that helght ofpri<le,insolencyofimpiety, te tht contempç 
of gods and men, tbat he held his kingdom se ure, un à 
ho ra i»  » .,ib i 
c.rta.n bl.tsphemous king of Spain (as YLansius reports) mde an edict, that 
o subject of his, for ten years' space, should believe in. call on, or worship any 
god. And . =Jovius relates of '" ]Iahol»eç the Second, that sackcd Constan- 
tinople, he se behaved himself, that he believed neither Christ ner ]Iahomet ; 
.nd thence in came te pass, that he kept his woxxl and promise no farther thau 
£or his advantage, neither did he care te commit any offence te satisfy his last." 
I could say the like of many princes, many private men (out stoxes are full of 
them) in rimes past, this present age, that love, fear, obey, and perform aL 
civil duties as they shall find them expedient or behoveful te their own ends. 
S'ecuri adver,'us 19eos, securi adversus Iomines, votis non est opus, which 
nTacitus reports of some Germans, they need net pray, fear, hope, for they are 
securo, te their thinking, botb frein gods and men. ]3ulco Opiliensis, sometime 
Duke of bSilesia, was such a one te a hair; he lived (saith c--2Eneas 
at °Uratis]avi, "and was se mad te satisfy his lust, that he believed neither 
heaven ner helL or that the oul was immortal, but married wives, and turned 
them up as ho thought fit, did murder and mischieg and what he list himself." 
This duke bath too mny followers in out days: ay what you ean, dehort, 
exhort, pexuade te the eontrary, they are no more moved,quam si dura 
MlexautsetllarpeMacautes, thansomanystocksandstones; tellthemofheaven 
and hell, 'ris te no purpose, laterem lavas, they answer as Ataliba that Indian 
prince did friar Vineent, "Cwhen he brought him a book, and t«»ld him ail the 
laysteries of sMvation, heven and hell were contained in it: he looked upon 
in, and said he saw no such rentrer, asking withal, how he knew in :" the.y 
will but seoff at it, or wholly reject in. letronius in Tacitus, when he was 
new, by lIero's eommand, bleeding te death, audiebat amico$ nildl referentea 
de £mmortaIitate animoe, aut $atientum o[acitis, sed levia carndna et faciles 
versus; instead of good eounsel and divine meditations, he ruade his friends 
sing him bawdy verses and scurrilous songs. Let them take heaven, paradiso, 
and that future happiness that will, bonum es 
there is no talking te such, no hope of their conversion, they are in a reprobate 
ænse, mere carnalists, fleshly-mlnded men, which howsoever they may ho 

t «Time glies Sway, and we grow oid by years insen$ibly aceumulatinff.  u Lib. !. x M. Monn. 
lib. 1. p.  Y Ot. cent. Hispan. ne proximo decennio deum adoraren & t Ta]em se exhibuit 
ut nec in ChHsm, nec Mometem et. unde effect un i,romsa nisi quan in suum eommodum 
derent minime searet,  1o elere cxtum statere ut sm dideri tf tret, a Lib. d 
mer. Ge b Or Blau. e Uue adeo innu un nec fero nec nros $e di animqu 
em cooribus tre erK &c. d Europoe der. p. 2& • Fratre  Bry Amer. par 6. Bbrum a 
%ïncentio menthe datum aeei nihil e videre ibi hmo dlcen$ regagne unde hc scier» 
 co et Tt'o eotinert ibi ceret. 



applauded in this lffe by seine few parasltes, and held for worldly wise men, 
" They seem te me (saith :bIelanchon) te be as mad as Iercules was when 
he raved and ki]led his wife and children." A milder sort of these atheistical 
spi4ts there are that profess religion, but Simidè eS hasianler, tempted there- 
unie out of that horrible consideration of diversity of relions, which are and 
bave been in the world (which argument, Campauella, Asheismi 1'umphaSi, 
cap. 9. both urgeth and answers), besides the covetousness, imposture, and 
knavmoE ofpriests, quee faciunS (as gPostellus obse|wes) uS ebus sacris min 
faciantfiden; and those reliots seine of them se faatastical, exorbitant, se 
violently maintained with equal constancy and assurance; whence they infer, 
that if there be se many religions sects, and denied by the rest, why may 
they net be all alse or why should this or that be preferred before the rest  
The sceptics urge this, and amongst others it is the conclusion of Sextus 
Empericus, lib. 8.adver»us M«themaSicos: after many philosophical arguments, 
and »easonspro and con tha the are gods, and again that there are no gods, 
he se concludes, cun Sot in,er se pugnea$, &c. U« anum potesS esse vert, as 
Tully likewise disputes: Christians say, they alone worship the true God, pity 
ail other sects, lainent their case ; and yet those old Greeks and ltomans that 
worshipped the devil, as the Chinese new de, auS deos sopicos their own gods; 
as Julian the apostate, h Cecilius in lIinutius, Celsus and lorphyrius the 
philosol)her object: and as Machiavel contends, wero much mm noble, ge- 
nerous, vietorious, had a more flourishing commonwealtla, better eities, better 
soldiers, better scholar¢ better wits. Their gods often overcame our gods, 
did . many miracles, &c. Saint Cyril, Arnobius, llinutius, with many other 
ancients of lute, Lessius, lIorneus, Grotius de VeriS. ttelg. ChrisSianee, Sava- 
narola de VeriS. _$'idei ChrizSiaee, well defeud; but Zanchlus, i Campanella, 
]Iarinua ]Iarcennus, Bozius, and Gentillettus answer all these atheistical 
arguments ai large. But this again troubles many as of old, wicked men 
generaily thrive, professed atheits thrive, 
 I Nul]os esse deos Inane eoe]um, [ « There are  'nds, heaves are toya 
flirmat Selius : probatque, qu5d  ] Selins in pnbJic justtea; 
ïm:titre» dura legat hoec, vider beatum.  ]ecsuse that whilat he thns deniea 
OEheir deitie he better thrives." 
Tbis is a prime argument: and rnost part your nost sineere, upright, honest, 
and kgood men are depressed, "The race isnot fo the swifç, nr the battleto 
the etrong (Ecc]es. ix. 11.), nor yet bread fo the wise, fvour nor riches to 
nen of understanding, but rime and chance cornes to ail." There was a great 
plague in Athens (as Thucydides, lib. 2. relates), in which s.t last every man, 
with great lieentiousness, did what he list, hot caring st all for God's or men's 
laws. "either the fear of God nor laws of men (saith he) awed any man, 
because the p]ague swept ail away alike, good and bad; they thence concluded 
it was dike to worshlp or hot worship the gods, slnce they perished ail alike." 
Some cavil and make doubts of scripture itself: if cannot sand with God'e 
znercy, that so many should be damned, eo many bad, so few good, such bave 
and hold about religions, al1 stifl on their side, factions alike, thrive alike, 
and yet bitterly 13erecuting and damning each other; "It cannot stand with 
God's goodness, protection, and providence (as m Saint ChoEsotom in the 
Dialect of such dis¢ontented persons) to ee and suflèr one man to be lame, 
another mad, a third poor and mierable all the days of his lffe, a fourth 

f ]'ou ru«s bi furunt q«sm lercu]es, ¢lui conJugem et liber0s lnteecit; habet oec oet pl 
o portentosa mons g De orbi8 co. ]iD. l. cap. 7. h Nonne Romi aine Deo vtro ret et 
frnt orbe totO, et os et Deos vos captivos ten &c. innti Ucviano. 1Commeu 
piosm in hoc bjeo. k Ecee ps vfim et mor et melior alge faine lara et deus patitur, 
diimulaK non lt, non t it i  ve.invalidus v niQn. Ceci in inut. Dura 
rapiunt  rata bonos, iosclte % oltctor nuiras ee putare oeoa. vm. Vidi ego di etos. 
decipL Plaut Cina a. 2. en. b. I lalal 1.4. eptg. 21. mer. 30. in a. cap ad Eph. 
mtis t pedibus, ter furit, aliue ad exam senectam provenue omnem vi paul,ete 



OE08 .[ilious 'Idancog. Part. 3. Sec. 

grievous]y tormented with sicknes and aches, fo hh last bout. Are the 
signs and wor of God's pdence»  le one m be dea another dumb 
 poer honnit fellow Eves in dkce, woe and want, wretched he is; when 
 a cked OEitff abounds in superfluity of wealth, keeps whor» parite 
ad what he 1 mse:" udis» Jupit, hœec  Talia ulta 
gongumrepren$1onissermomergaDeiprovidentamcontexunt, n Thus they 
utr and object (see the rest oftheir armen in Iarcenn  Genesin, 
nd  Campella» amply confud), th many such vain cavih, well 
ot worthy the rpituhtion or wrg  whatsoevcr they pretcnd» they 
are interi» of ttle or no relio 
Coin-rma to he men are many of out eat philophers and dels 
ho, though they be mm tempera in this lire, give many good 
eoepts, bon.t, upright» and sober  the conversatio yet in effect ey 
are the saine (accounting no man a goed schohr that is hot an atheist), 
altum »aiunt, o much leaing makes them mad. 'hit they attribu all 
to naturel OEuses, °contingence of a thhgs,  Ielancon 1 them, 
tinaz h »inum çenus» a poeh generation of men, that led by phosophy 
d thc devil's suggestion, thelr own iunate blhdns, deny God 
the rt, hold all relion a fiction» opposite  rson and plosophy, though 
for fr of magistrats, ith p Vaninu they dut hot puhficly profus i. 
sk one of them of what on he , he soengly plies, a plosopher» 
a Galest, an q Aveoist, and ith ahelah a physichn, a peripatic, an 
epicure. In spiritual thin God must demonstmte ail to oense, leave a pawn 
ith them» or else oeek some other creditor. They ill acoledge aturo 
and Fortune, y hot God : tbough in effect they grt both : for as Scalir 
defines» Nature siifies God's ornary power; or,  Calvin wris, Nature 
God's order, and so things extmordinary may he OEHed unnatural : Foune hi 
revled ill; and  we ca thin cngeahle that a beside ron and 
expectation. ço this purpooe  uti in Octa'io, and  Sene well 
courseth ith them, lib. 4.  becs.ils, cap. 5, 6, 7. "ey do hot under- 
gand what theysay; what is Nature but God  1 him what thou wt, Nature, 
Jupiter, he bath as many nam  oc: if cornes all  one pa, God the 
fomtah of all, the fit Giver and Preseer, from hom ail thin depend 
t à q,  p qm ia, am ue vis De t, quocuue moyeu, 
"God h all h ail, God h evewhere,  every plaoe." And yet this Senee 
that could confute and ble them, is ail out  mueh to be blamed and con- 
ftted himself,  mad hself; for he hol fum S$oim, that evitablo 
esity in e other extreme,  those Chaldean trologers of old d, 
agat hom the wophet Jeremhh so often thunde, and ose heuthen 
mathematieis, ius Fhlus, maeians, d Priscts, hom St. 
Atin so eagerly oeut,thooenbn qutionues, ovem Judlces, 
mer, Dorotheus, &e., and o cotaa  Estuidus, that take upon them 
fo define out ofthose -t oenjunions of sm, with Ptolomeu the perio 
of ngdom or religions, of a future accidents, w plaes, serres, 
herees, and hat hot? all from st, and sueh thin, ith hlagin, 
bi  intigenti i»  D», whieh d bath erved to hself 
d his age ey 1 take upon them  forete  if sta were mea, 
efitnble oe of aH ture ciden. Coeur Vunhus, h  book  mi- 
ra turoe Arcan, di. 52.  is, is more free, copious and open 
 e expfition oft trologieM tenet ofPtolemy» th any ofour modrn 

agaiDst çod'l providence." o Oia contingenter fieri volnDt. Melcthon in prp primm 
 P,al. 1. lib. 4. de adm. nat. Atonie. q Anims m sit cnm anlmia philphom, r Deum 
nm ultis dit noinib. &c. I o intlls te qu hc dici neare te ipsnm noen Dei : 



lffem. 2. Subs. l.J lleIigious Melancholy in Dec¢. 709 
writers, Cardan exeepted, a truc disciple oîhismaztcr Pomponatilt; aeeording 
te the doctrine oî peripateties, he retors ail apparitioas, prodiges, miraeles» 
otaries, accidents» alteratious of religions, kingdoms, &e. (for which he 
soundly lashed by biariuus Mercennua, as well ho deserves), te natural causes 
(forspirits ho will net ackaowledge), te that light, motion, influences of heaveus 
and stal, and te the intelligences that more the orbs. lntelligentict qut 
raovet oe'bem mediante ccelo, &e. Intelligences de all : and after a long diseouse 
of miracles donc of old, si /use doemones possint, eut non ce intelli9entix 
eoelorurt moices  A nd as these great eonjuuctions, aspects of planers» begm 
or end, vary, are vertical and predominant, o bave religions, rites, eeremonies, 
and kingdoms their beginning, pro-ess, periods, in urbibus, regibus, rdigi- 
oalbus, ne in particularibus lr,»inibus/we¢ vers a¢ xmi.[esta sunt, ce Aristo- 
teles itnuere videt-ur, et quotidittna docet ezperientia, ce historias loerle?tens 
videbit; quid olirn in Oentili le#e Jove sarwtius et illustrius ? quid nun vile 
matis et en:sera,dura ? lta ctrletia corpo,ra pro mo'rtalium benefict'o -dttiones 
oedificant, et cunt cessat itJtuzus, eessat /eæ» x &e. And because, aeeordLqg te 
tlaeir tenes, the world is etern'l, intelligences eternal, influencesof stars eternal, 
kingdoms, religions, alterations hall be likewise eterraal, and run round after 
many ages; Arque iteum ad Troiam nagnus mittetur Achilles; 'enascentur 
religiones, et ceremoniœe, res humanæ in idem recident, nildl hune est quod 
zon olim fuit, et post swculorunt revolutiones alias, crie, y &e. idem specie, saiflx 
Vaninus, non individuo quod l"lato signif'avit. These (saith mine anthgr), 
these axe the deerees of pcripateties, which though I recite» in obsequlun Chrls- 
tia.nwfuld detesto% as I a,. a Christian I detest and hae. Thus peripatetics 
and asrologet held in former time and te this effeet of old in lome, aith 
Dionysius ]z[aliearnassus, lib. 7, whea those meteors and prodiges appeared ire 
the air, after the banishment of Coriolanus, « ° Mes wero diversely afleted 
seine saitl they were God'sjust judgments for the execiçioa of tlaat good man, 
ome referred all te natural causes, 8orne te stars, seine thought they came by 
chance, seine by necessity," decreed ab btitio, nd eoultl aot be altered. Tho 
two last opirfioas of necessity and chance were, it seems, of greater note than 
the test. 
« b Sunt qui In Fortunoe Jam ensibas omnla 
latura volvento vices," 
For the tqrst of chance, as e Sallust likewiso informeth us, those old 1Ronmus 
generally reeeived; "They supposed fortune alone gave kingdoms and empias, 
wealth, honours, oflàces : and that for two causes; first, beeause every wieked 
base tmworthy wretch was preferred, rich, poten, &c. ; eeondly, beeause of 
their uneergainty, thoughnever o good, searee anyone enjoyed them long : but 
af ter, they began upon better adviee te think otherwise, that every man ruade 
his own fortune." The last of lqeeessity was 8eneea's teneZ, that God was 
alligatus eausis secundis, o tied te second causes, te that inexorable lqeeessity, 
that he eould airer nothing ofthat whieh was once deereed ; sic erat infatis, il, 
canner be a|tered, semel jussit, sernper parer 1)eus, nlla vis rurnpit, nullc 
o.reces» ec ipsum fulmen, God bath once said it, and it muse for ever stand 
good, no pr.yers, ao threats, ner power, xxor thtmder itself ena airer it. Zen. 
• « I dtlg% lging, rel|g|ont, nd In lndiv|dual men, these th|ngs are truc and obvlo& as Afféterie 
le imply gnd daily eperenee tetche. te tle tender of history: lot what wtm more sacttl and illttriot 
bv Genti'le law. than Jupiler| what now more vile and execrablet In rhin vay ¢.elenlial object 
I'ëligons for wolldiy totive& nd when the influx ccases, eo doea the lw," &e. ' "And again • grea; 
a nst Tro • religions and their eeremonienshall be born aga|n; however atai«srelaP se 
.&ehiilenalaal! be sent ag i Y-" ..... * • .....  an wtll hot be a,ain,'" &e. • Vaninut 
da .... uli • Varie bominen affecti alii dei Judicium ad tare pli exiliumt ail! ad 
a. bu. os orae _. • » _, .... a-i sed laumani eaunia, &e. 12. lgatural, quoest. 
geferebant nec au Illlïllglata u , ... , l*nlg ndblievetlaat th¢ world la ruade wltlaont a directOr 
at«re lnfluenctng the vt¢isitudea, ' &c. e EpiaL ad 12. Cear. lomani olim putabant fortunam regna 
|mper|a dre : Credebnt antea lnortales fortunam eolam open et honores largiri, idque duau de 
trim urn quod indi¢Tnns quLq us dive, s bonOra|us, lotew ait erum vix quiquam pet'getuo boui iia/aui viu 



710 J?«ligious Melanc]}oly. [Part. 3. Sec. 4. 
hrysippus, and these other Stoics, as you may rcad lu Tully, 2. de dlvina, 
elli, l. 6. p. 2. &c., maintahed  much. In ail , there have boen 
uch, that either deny God in all, or in pa ;some deride  they cod have 
ade a tter worl and led it more orderly themlves, blpheme him, 
deroga af the plure fm him. 'Tw so in  Pla's time, "Some y 
there be no god othe that they cure hot for men, a middle so gmnt both." 
'i n s't Des, u boa ? i sit D, uoEe  ? So Cott es in 
Tully, why ruade he not H good. or at lst tende hot the welfare of 
 are good As the woma told &lexander, if he be hot at leisure to heur 
cus, and redress them, why doth he reign e Sextus Empefic hath many 
uch argents. Thus peee men cviL Soit wilt ever be, some of ait 
sos, good, bad, inffent, te, ae, zealous, ambidex, neutmlists, 
lukewarm, lihe atheists, &c. They will e theæ religious 
aee amongst themselv, be reconciled ail, befo they wl paipa th, 
or believe any : they tnk h the meante (which f Celsus objects, and whom 
Orin coutes), " We Christia adore a peon put to gdeath with no more 
reou tn the barbarotm Getes wohipd Zamolxis, the CiHcians Iopsus, 
the Thebans Amphia»a, and the Lebians Trophonius ; one oelion is 
te  another, new fangled decca, all for human respects;" eawit 
ristotle's wor are  much authentioElto them as Scriptures, subtle neoe's 
Epistles  oenonlcM m St. Paul's, Pindar' Od  good  the Prophet 
David's Plms, Epictus'Enchiridionequivahntto se Solomon's Proverbs. 
They do openly d boldly sak this and more, some of them, in ail places 
and companies. ,, h Claudi the empeser w any with Hven, beoEe 
thded, and challenged Jupiter into the field; with what moeness[ sth 
nec; he thought Jupitoe could not hu m, but he could hurt Jupiter," 
fliagas, Dx, £picuv, Pliy, Lucian, 
m leztius, « proioed atheists all"  thelr tim: though hot ple 
atheis neither,  Cicogna prov,, lib. 1. c,p. 1. they coffed only at those 
Pagan gods, their plurafity, be and fictiti- offi. Gil Contus 
laboure much, and so doth Erm,  vindicate Lucian om scundal, and 
there be thooe that apoloe for Epicurus, but ail in vahl ; Luclan soe ai ail, 
Epicur he de all, and Lucretius his oeholar defends him in it: 
« ! Hmaa anis oenls foed cnm vlta Jaoeret, I "'he bureau klnd was drenched in surertltlnn, 
In tels opprsa at! cure reliion ith ghtly 1oo ofK'hich jhted mor 
Qu caput s coe]i rcgionibns ostvndcbat, 
Hoibi super pectu mortalib 
e alone, like another ercules, did vlndlcate the world om that monster. 
Uncle kpliny, l. 2. cap. 7. a. ht. and l. 7. cap. 55, in expss wo]s 
de,es the immoalitv of the sod. 1 nec doth ttle less, lib. 7. et. 55. 
ad Lilium, et l.  cso[. «d 2la,tiare, or rather more. 8orne Greek 
Commentato would put  much upon Jo that he should deny resuection, 
&c., whom Piua copiously con in cap 7. Job, vs. 9. Aristotle is hardly 
oered of some, both divhes and philosophers. St. Jtin 
ad G, Greg. azianzen. in di«pz«t, advs En., Theodoret, lib.5, de curat. 
9roec. «c., Orin. h'b. ici])i. Fomponatius justifi in his Tract (so 
styled at least) De mKt«te  (mw, Sca]iger (who would fow hl 
et any rime, saith Partitif, in defence of his eat toaster Artotle), and 
Dandh, lib. 3.  anin, owledge  much. veoes oppu ail 
pits and supoeme powe; of la Bruu (inflioe Eus, "Kep]er OEils 
h), Iav«Ç Coesar Vauhus lately bued at Touloush Franoe, and Pet. 
d 10 de teb. lll negant e deos. alli tiens non curare res 
ad mathem, f g. contra Celsum. 1.3 h immerito nobium coni 
deum lguomio Lucianus ta persan. stum voL b De  16. a4. Irat oelo qmd obstreperek 
ad p vocans J, quanta dementfa putarit sibi nocere non po et  nocere tsmeu Jovi 
pot. ! Lib. I. 1. k Idem œtatus pt morcm, c fuit enteqt vcerur, et Senec. Idem 
erit post e quod ate me fuit, 1 Luceoe dem coaio qu 



lIem. 2. Subs. I.] Rdlgiou# «]J«gancholy in De.fect. 
A retine, have l»ul'licly maimtained such atllei»tical paradoxes, n with that Itallan 
B,)caecio wlth his fable of three rings, &e., ex quo b!fert hand posse internosci, 
quoe sit verior religio, Judaica, )]lahometana, an C'hristiana, quoniam eadera 
«ona, &e., "from whieh he infers, tha it eanno be distinguished which is tho 
true religion, Judaism, lIahommedanism, or Christianity," &e. IarinusMer- 
oennussuspects Carda for his subtleties, Campanella, and Charron's Book of 
,Visdom, with some other Tracts to savour of Patheism : but amongst the rest 
tllat pestilent book de tri/ms mundl inpostoribus, quem sine horrore( inquit) non 
legas, et mnndi Cymbalum dialogls quatuor contentum, arme 1538, auctore 
Peresio, l»ari«ilç exeusum, q&e. And as there bave been in all ages sueh 
blasphemous spirits, se there have net been wanting their patrons, protectors, 
disciples and adherents. ever se many atheists in Italy and Germany, saith 
rColerus, as in this ae: the like eomplain /lereennus makes in France, 
50,000 in that one eity of Paris. Frederie the Emperor, as Matthew Paris 
records, lleet non sit recltabile (I use his own words), is reported te bave said, 
Tres prœetigiatores, «loses, Christus, et l]lahomet, uti mundo dominarentur, totum 
p.pulum sibl eontemporaueum seduxisse. (Henry, the Landgrave of Hesse, 
heard him speak it,) Si principes imperii institutloni meœe adhœererent, ego 
mure meliorera modum credendi et vivendi ordinorem. 
Te hese professed açheists we may well add that impious and canml crew 
of worldly-minded men, impenitent sinners, that go o hell in a lethargy, or in 
a dream ; who though they be professed Christians, yet they will nullâpalles- 
cere culp, make a conscience of nothing they de, they bave cauerized con- 
sciences, and are indeed in a reprobaee sense, "pasç ail feeling, bave giveu 
themselves over te wantonness, te work all manner of uneleanness even wifl 
greediness," Ephes. iv. 19. They de know there is a God, a day ofjudgment 
o corne, and yeç for all tha, as Hugo saiçh, ira comedunt oc dormiunt, acsi 
diemjudicff evosissent ; ita ladmt ac rident, ac si in coeh;ç cure Deo regnarent : 
they are as nerry for ail the sorrow, as ff they had escaped ail dangers, and 
were in heaven ah'eady: 
--'* t Metus otaries, e Inexornb|le fatum 
ubjecit pedit.us, etrepitumque Acherontia avarl. " 
Those nxde idiots and ignorant persons, that neglect and contemn the means of 
their salvation, maymarch on with these; but above ail others, those Herodim 
temporizing statesmen, political Machiavelians and hypocrites, that make a 
show of religion, but in their hearts laugh af it. çimulata sanctitas dupleoe 
iniqnitas; they are in a double fault, "that fashion themselves to this world," 
which u Paul forbids, and like lIercury, the planer, are good with good, bad 
with bacL When they are af Rome, they do there as they see done, puritans 
withpuritans, papists with papists; omnium horarum homines, formalists, ambi- 
dexters, lukewarm Laodiceans. XAll their study is to please, and their god is 
their eommodity, their labour tosatisfytheir lusts, and their endeavourstotheir 
own ends. SVhatsoever they pretend, or in publie seem fo do, "y With the fool 
in their hearts they say there is no God." Ileus tu--de Jore quid sentis 
« Hulloa! what is your opinion about a Jupiter?" Their woxls are as soft as 
oil, but bitterness is in theh" hearts; like AlexanderVI. se cunning dissemblers, 
that what they think, they never speak. ]Iany of them are se close, you tan 
hardly dLscern if, or take any jnst exceptions at them ; they are net factions, 
oppressera as most are, no bribers, no simoniacai contractors, n o such ambitious, 
laseivions persons as seine others are, no drunkards, sobrii solen videt OEen- 
rem, sobrii vident occidentem, they rise sober, and go sober te bd, p-in deal- 
m Csmpanella, cap. 18. Ath¢lsm. trlumpbat. OComment. In Gen. cap. 7. PSo that aman may 
Ineet an atheist as s.on in his study as in the street, q bimonis religio tncerto auctore Cracovtoe ¢dit. 
1588, concluMo librl est, Ede ttaquc, bibe, lude., c. Jan Deus fi:mentnm est. r l.|b. de immortal. 
mlimoe. Pag. 64-. an. 1211. ad flnem Henricl terril ]dem Pisterlus png. 743. in compilat. 
ena. t Vlrg. "They place fear, rate, and the ound of cravin Acheron under th¢ir feet." 
ziL 2. • tanL Aristiyum decuit celer» et etatu», et re& 



712 Rtligious .l[«lancltoI.¢. [Part. 3. Sec. 4. 

ing, upright, honest men, they do wrong to no man, and are so repttted in the 
world's eteem at least, very zealous in religion, very charitalde,.meek, humble, 
peace-makers, keep all duties, very devout, honest, well spoken of, beloved of 
all men; Lut he that know better how to judge, he that examines the heart, 
saith they are hypocrites, Cor dolo plenum; $onant vitium percussa maL'griL, 
tbey are hot sound within. As if is with writers aoftetimes, Plus 
in libello, qàm libelli auclore, more holiness is m the Look than in the author 
of it : so 'tis with them : many corne to church with great ]ibles, whom Car- 
dan said he could hot choose but laugh at and 411 now and then date oTera» 
Augustno, read Austin, frequent semons, and yet professed u»urers, mel 
gripes, tota vitoe ratio eplcurea est; all their lire is epicurism and atheLsm, 
corne to church aH day, and lie with a courtezan af nighi. Qu Curios simu- 
lant et Bacchanalia vivunt, they bave Esau's hands, and ffacob's voice: yea, 
and many of those holy friaxs, sanctified men, Cappam, saith I-Iierom, et cili- 
cium induunt, sed £ntus latronem tegunt. They are wolves in sheep's clothing, 
Introrsum turpes, exqosi pdle dzc, "Fah" without» and most foui withJn. 
 LatetTleru»ue ub trist amictu lasqvia, et deformis/torror vili veste tegitur; 
ofttimes under a n|ourning weed lies lust itself, and horrible vices under 
pont coat. But who can examine ail those kinds of hypocrites, or dire into 
their heartsZ If we may guess af the tree by the fruit, never so many as in 
thes« days; show me a plain-dealing true honest man: £t pudor, etTrobitas, 
et tirant omnis abest. }fe that shall but look intn their lires, and see sxch 
enormous vices, men so immoderate in lust, unspeakable in malice, fitrious in 
their rage, ttattering and dissembling (ail for their otwn ends), will surely think 
they are hot tly rclious, but of an obdurate heart, most part in a reprobate 
sense, as in this age. But let them can'y it as they wfll for the prescnt, dis- 
semble as they caa, a rime will corne when they shall be called to an account, 
their melancholyis at hand, they pull a plague and curse upon their own heads, 
thesaurisant iram De4. Besides ail such as are in de,s contumdiosi, blaspheme, 
contemn, neglect God, or scoff at him, as the poets feign of Salmonens, that 
would in derision imitate ffupiter's thunder, he was precipitated for his pains, 
Jupiter intonuit contra, &c.,su shail theycertainlyrue it in the end, (in se mit 
ui irt ccelam Sl»uit), their doom's at hand, and hell is ready to receive therm 
Some axe of opinion, that it is in vain to dispute with such atheistical spil-its 
in the meantime, 'ris hot the best way to reclai them. Atheism, idolatry, 
heresy, hypocrisy, though they bave nue common roof, that is, indulgence to 
con-upt affection, yet their growth is different, they bave divers symptom 
occasions, and must bave several cures and remedie 'Ïis true some deny 
there is any Go, I, some confess, yet believe if hot: a third sort confess and 
believe, but will hot lire. aRer his laws, wo-hip and obey him : others allow 
God and gods mbordinate, but hot nue Goal, no such general God, non ta/em 
Deum, but several topic gods for several places, and those hot to persecute cm« 
another for any diffcrence, as Socinus wil[, but rather love and cherish. 
To describe them in particular, to produce their arguments and reason«, 
vonld require a just volume, I refer them therefore that expect a more ampl 
satistction, to those subtle and elaborate tles, devout and lamous 
of our learned divines (schoolmen amongst thv test, and casuists), that have 
abundance of reason to prove there is a God, the immortality of the soul, &c., 
out ofthe strenh ofwit and philosophy bring irrefragable arguments to such 
as are ingenuous and well disposed ; at the least, answer ail cavils and objec- 
tions fo con.fute their folly and madness, and fo reduce them, sifieriposset, ad 
sanam aentem, fo a better mind, though fo small purpose many rimes. 
Amongst others consult with ffulius Coesar Lagalla, profesor of philosophy la 



1M.m. 2. Subs. 2.] Z)eslJair's D,fiJtitiort. 713 
[tome, who bath written a large volume of late to confute athelsts : ofthc 
mortality of the soul, Hierom. ]Iontanus de imntortalitate 4nb»tœe: Lelius 
Vinoentius of themesubject: Thom Gminns, and Franciscus Colliu de 
aganorum «]nimabuspost mortem, a famo doctor of the Ambrosian College 
in ilan. Bishop Fotherby in sAtheomastix, Doctor Dove, Doctor Jackson, 
Abernethy, Corderoy, bave written well of th subject in out mother tongue : 
iu Latin, Coles, Zanctfi, Palea, Illycu «Phi iplms , Faber b'aven- 
tinus, &c. ut instar omnium, the most copio nhter of athets is 
3Iarinus Ieoeenn in s Commentari on Genesh: with Campanella' 
Athemus Triumphatus. e sers do ai l'ge the caus of thh brutLh 
psion (seventeen in number I take it), answem aH the arguments at,i 
sopms, which he reduceth  twenty-x beaU, pmving withai his owtt 
rtion; "There is a God, such a God, the te and le God," by thiy- 
rive ro. is Colophon is how to resist and repre atheism and to that 
puise he adds four espcial mea or ways, wch whoso will may l»-ofitably 
pes 
umrc. XX.--Despair. Despalrs, Eq«ivocat&ns, DoEnitr, Part&s 
artS offected. 
TEaE be many kinds of desperation, wherf sonne be holy, some unholy, 
 tone tinisheth ; that mtholy he defin out of Tully  be ritudiaem 
animi sine ulla rerum expectat&ne meliore, a sickns of the soul without any 
hope or expectation of amen dment : wtfich commonly succeeds fear; for whilst 
evil  excted, we fear: but when it  certain, we des,if. Acoerding fo 
Thorax, 3. 2oe. dtbtct. 40. art. 4. it is Recesss à re desiderata, propter impos- 
sibiatem extimatam, a restraint frm the thing desh'ed, for me imlsi- 
bifity supposed. Because they canuot obtain what they would, they 
dperate, and many tim either yield to the passion by death itse or elle 
attempt imibilities, hot to be Wfformed by men. In some es, this 
dpem humour is hot much to be doemmende,l, as  wat it is a cause 
many tim of extraordinary valour ;  Joseph., lib. 1. de bello Jud. coup. 14. 
L. Danoeus i,t Ml,hors. polit, pog. 226. and many politicians holŒEE It maks 
them improve thc woth beyond itself, and of a fotto impotent company 
become conquero it a moment. Utta salt«s victis 7tullam sperare salate»,, 
"the only hol, e for the conquered is despMr." In such courses when they sec 
no remedy, but tha they must either 1 or be kiHed, they take courage, and 
oftentim, proeter Slem, beyond aH hope ndicate themselves. Fitteen 
thound Locre fought against a hundred thousand Crotoens, and 
oeeg now no way but one, they must ail die, gthought they would hot depart 
revenged, and thereupon dperaly ng an ault, ¢onquered thei 
enemi. çc alia cattsa v&torioe (saith Justin mine author) q«àm quOd de- 
sparatt. WiHiam the Conqueror, when he fit landed  England, sent 
bk his ships, that his soldiem might bave uo hope of tking back. Bodine 
excuseth h counten's ovet%hrow at that famous battle ai Ancourt, in 
enry the Fffth his rime (cui simile, saith Fmsard, tota /tisria prod«cere ton 
ldt, which no htm T can parallel almoet, wherein one haudthl of Enghshmen 
ovehrew a royal army of Fmnchmen), th this refu of despair, pat«ci 
desperat-i, a few deperate feHows being compassed in by their enemi, lst ail 
hope of lit, fought fike  many devils; and giv a OEution, that no sohliet 
hereafter set upon depera peinons, which iaKer Frontin and Vetius, 
Gficciard fikewe admonisheth, Hypom*es, part. 2. pag. 25. hot fo stop an 
enemy that is gog Ms way. 5iany such nds there e ofdsperafion, when 
d Dlttt. 4. phllosophioe adver. the. Venetl 1627, qna, e Edit. Rm fl. 1631. f 
etlly, c. 21. of hic Phyaic of Ihe Soli[. g O tll œpe ictot'ioe in destinatatn mrtem conspirer, 
ærd*r ngtlo oepit, ut vict-re ae putarenl ai nott mti otçïcnt. dt. 1. 20. h Method. hu 
Ioati able vçlti it im mtatd  



71 , Refious 2Jlelacholy. [Part,. 3. Sec. 

rnen are past bope of obtaining any suit, or in despair of better fortune; 
l)esperatiofacit monachum, as the saying is, and desperation eauseth death 
itselî; how many thousands in such distress bave ruade away themselves, and 
many others! For he that cares hot for his own, is toaster of another man's 
lire. A Tuscan soothsayer, as kPaterculus tells the story, perceiving himselî 
and Fulvius Flaeeus his dear f,'iend, now both carried to prison by Opimius, 
and in despair oîpardon, seeing the young man weep. qubt tu potius hoc, inqult, 
Jacis, do as I do; and with that knocked out his brains against the door- 
check, as he was entering into prison, protnusque illiso capite in carcerisja- 
,uam e.l'uso cer,.bro exp£ravit, and so desperately died. ]ut these areequivoeal, 
improter. "When I speak of despair," 8aith «Zanehie, "I peak hot of 
evm T kind» but of that alone whieh eoneerns God. It ii opposite to hope, and 
a most pernicious sin, wherewith the devil seeks to entrap mem" ]lusculus 
makes four kinds of despemtion, of God, ourselves, out neighbour, or any thing 
to be done; but this division of his may be reduced easily to the former: ail 
kinds are opposite to hopc, that sweet moderator of passions, as Simonides 
calls it ; I do hot mean that vain hope skick iantastical fellows feigu fo them- 
selves, which, accordiug to Aristotle is insomnium vigilantium, a wakiug 
dream; but this divine hopo which proeeeds from confidence, sud is an andmr 
to a floating soul; spes alitagricohts, even in out temporal affairs, hope revives 
us, but in spiritual it farther animateth; and were it hot for hope. '" we of ail 
others were the most miserahle," as Paul saith, in this lire; were it hot for 
hope, the heart would break ; "for though they be punished in the sight of 
men," (Visdom iii. 4.) yet is "their hope full of immortality :" yet doth it hot 
so rear, as despaix doth dejeet; this violent and sour passion of despair, is of 
all perturbations most grievous, as Ipatritius holds. Some divide it into ri,ml 
and temporal; m final is incurable, s'kick befalleth reprobates; temporal is a 
rejection of hope and comfort for a time, which may befal the best of God's 
children, and it commonly proceeds "afrom weakness of faith," as in David 
when he was oppressed he cried out "0 Lord, thou hast forsaken me," but 
this fir a time. This ebbs and flows with hope and fear; it is a grievous sin 
]mwsoever: although some kind of despair be not amis% when, 8aith Zanchius, 
we despair of out own means, and rely wholly upon Goal: but that species i 
hot here meant. This pernicious kind of desperation is the subject of out dis- 
course, homicida animoe, the murderer of the soul, as Austin terres it, a fearful 
passion, wherein the party oppressed thinks he can get no ease but by death, 
and is fully resolved to offer violence unto himself; -o sensible of his burden, 
and impatient of his cross, that he hopes by death alone to be freed of his 
calamity (though it prove otherwise), and chooseth with Job vi. 8. 9. vil 15. 
"Pmther to be strangled and die, than to be in his bods." °The part 
affected is the whole soul, and all the faculties of it; there is a privation of 
joy, hope, trust, confidence, of present and future good, and in their place 
sncceed fear, sorrow, &c., as in the symptoms shM1 be shown. The heart is 
grieved, the conscience wounded, the mind eclipsed with b'lack fumes arLsing 
from those perpetuM terrors. 

tmsEcr. III.Causes of Despair, the Devil, lI,'b:ncholy, 21[cdltation, 191s- 
trust, lt'eakness of l:aith, li9id llinisters, 2}lisunderstandin 9 Scri, otures, 
Guilty Consciences, &e. " 

THé. principal agent and procnrer of this mischief is the devll ; those whom 
God forsakes, the devil by Iris permission lays hold on- 8ometimes he po,se- 

If Poer vo|m. * Sper proeceptum prmum de Re]lg. et partib,s eJus. Nn Ioquor de omnl 
deperatione, seà tantum de ea qua de.perare v|ent homine de Deo; opponitur spci, et et peccatum gra. 
lialmtlm, &c. 1 Lib. 5. tir. 2!. de regis inst,tut. Oinllillm perturbationmn deterrrim&, m RCpl«»bi 



cures them with that worm of conscience, as he did Judas, VSaul, and other. 
The poets cMl it Nemesis, but itis indeed God's just judgment, sero sed 
he sh4kes h-me af last, and setteth upon them "as a thief in the night." 
1 Thes. ii. qïhis temporary passion marie David çry out, "Lord, rebuke me 
hot in tbine an.ger, neither chasten me in thine henry di.pleasure; for thine 
arrows bave light upon me, &c. there is nothing sound in my flesh, becatte 
thineanger." A.gain, I roar for the very grief of my heart: and Psalm xxii. 
ly God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me, and art so far from my health, 
and the words of my cryi, "ng? I ara like tÇ watœer poured out, my bones are ot 
of joint, mine heart is like wax, that is molten in the raids_ of my bowels. o 
Plm lxxxviii. 15 and 16 vers. and Psalm cil "I ara in misery at the poit 
of death, from my yonth I sufibr tby terrors, doubting for my lire; thne 
indignations bave gone over me, and thy fear bath cut me off." Jo doth ofteu 
complain in this kind; and those Goal doth hot assist, the devil is ready to try 
and tornmnt, "still seeking whom he may devour." If he find them meaT, 
saith Gregory, "he tempts them forthwith fo some dissolute act; if pensive 
and sad, to a desperate end." Aut suadendo blanditur, aut minatdo terrer, 
ometimes by fait means, sometimes again by foul, as he perceives men sex'erally 
inclined. 1-1is ordinary en,ne by which he produces this effect, is the mvlan- 
eholy humour itselt which is balneum diaboli, the devil's bath ; and as in 
Saul, those evil sæirits get in ras it were, and take possession of us. Black 
choler is a shoeing-horn, a bait to allure them, insomuch that man), writers 
make melancholy an ordina T cause, and a symptom of despair, for that such 
men are most apt, by reason of their ill-disposed temper, to distrust, fear, riet 
mistake, and amplify whatsoever they prcposterously conceive, or falsely appre- 
hend. Conscientia scruplosa ascitur ex vitio naturali, complcxiote 
colica (saith lavarrus, cap. 27. hum. 282. tom. 2. cas. conscien.) The body 
vorks upon the mind, by obfuscating the spirits and coTupted instruments, 
vhich t'erkins illustrates by simfle of an artificcr, that hath a bad tool, hi. 
skill is good, ability correspondent, by reason of fil tools his work must needs 
be lame and impel'fect. But melancholy and despair, though 6ftén, do hot 
always concur; there is much difference: melancholy fears without a cause, 
this upon gTeat occasion ; melancholy is caused by fear and ga4ef, but this tor- 
ment procures them and all extremity of bitterness; much melancholy is with- 
out affliction of conscience, as *]right and Perkins illustrate by four reasons ; 
and yet melancholy alon'e again may be sometimes a sufficient cause of this 
terrer of conscience, u Foelix Plater so fonnd it in his observations,  melan- 
c/olic.:s alii darnnatos se putott, i)eo curve non suttt, nec j/reedestinat[, &c. 
"They think they are hot predestinate, God bath fo:saken them;" and yet 
otherwise very zealous and religious; and 'ris common o be een, "melan- 
choly for fear of God's judgment and hell tire, drives men fo desperation ; fear 
and orrow, if they be immoderate, end often with it." Intolerable pain ami 
anguish, long sickness, captivity, misery, loss of goods, loss of friends, and hose 
leer griefs, do sometimes effecg it, or sueh dismal accidents. i non stotim 
releve, nlur, X3Iercennus, d«bitant an sit JDeus, if they be not eased forthwith, 
they doubt whether there be any God, they rai.e, curse," and are despertely 
rad b-canse good men are oppressed, wicked men flourish, they have hot as 
they think to their desert," and through impatience of calamities are so mis- 
affected. Democtus put out his eyes, ne nalorum citium prosperos vIeret 
$uccessus, because he could hot abide to sec wicked men prosper, and v/as there- 

Pl Sain. ||. 16- qpssl, zzxviil, verx 9.14. rImm|seent semaligen|l.I-em, lib. l. cap. l;. $Ca«eœ 
of conscience, 1. !- 16. t racL blel. p. 33 et 3{. u C. 3. de ment alien. Deo minus se eu ce 
 nec  salntem prœedtmatos e. Ad desperationem soepe ducit hoec melancholi et t fi'eque» 
tilm oh uppllci$ metnm œetenmque Judicium ; moeror et menus in deperation plemqne dinun 
Comment- in 1. eau. gen. artic. 3. ui impii flot'eaç boni olpritnt » c.  ex couoEeratloue h 



716 ReYlgious Jlelanckoly. [Pari. 3. Sec. 4. 
f,re ready  m.ke away himoeff,  YAgel[ius wrih.s of hi Foe Pinter 
th a memorable example  h nd, of a painer's 1  Bfl, hag was 
melancholy for ber son's dth, and for melancholy beoEme des; she 
thought God would no pardon ber sins, "and for four months still raved, 
hat she w in hell-fire, aIrdy damn." When the humo  sfid up, 
every small objecg agava and inoenseh it,  he ies  addic¢L 
The me author bath an emp]e of a merchan man, tha for the 1o of a 
litfie wheat, hich he had over long kept, w troubloe in consçienoe, for that 
he had hot sold it sooner, or ven it fo the poor, yet a good scholar and a 
divine; no peion wou]d serve  the oentra but that for thh t he was 
daed: in other ma ve judicious and dcreet. Sofitarinoes, much 
ting, divine meditation, and oenmplations of G's judents, most 
aecompany this mencholy, and are main OEs,  bavarms holds; 
convee with such kind ofpeo so troubled, h sufficient ocion of tuble 
to some men. Nonnulli oh loqa$ inedi, stud et meditationes coelestes, de 
rebu, sacr et reliçioie #emper açitant, &c. ]any (th P. Fortus) through 
long ftg, seo meditions of hvenly tgs, fMI to such fits; and 
mnius ad«ls, fib. 4. cap. 21. "If they be sot given, suletitious , 
precise, or ve devout: sel«lom shall you find a merchant, a solder, an inn- 
kr, a bawd, a hos a us,ur so tubled  nd, they bave cheveril 
cociene thaç will stretch, they arc oeldom mov  t nd or molested 
young men d ddle age are more wfld and I apprehensive ; but old fos, 
mo»t par, such  are timoro and r¢#oly given." Pe Forestus, oberrat. 
iib. 10. cap. 12. de mor cebri, bath a fdhl example of a minister, tha 
through l»rece sting in Lent, and overmuch metio contracted th mis- 
chieÇ and  the end beoEme desperate, thought he w devfls in hh chber, 
and that he could hot  ved; he smelled nothing,  he id, but tire and 
bston% w alrdy in heU, and would ask them, stfll,  they did hot asmell 
as much. I told him he w melancholy, but he laughed me  stop, and 
plied that he w devils, talked with them ht good rn% would spit in ny 
face, and ask me ff I d hot smell bfimstone, but at last he was by him cured. 
Such another story I find in Plar, o$ervat, iib. l. A poor fellow had done 
some foul offence, and for fourteen days would eaç no mt, in the end beoEme 
desper..te, the divin about him oeuld hot ee him, but  he died. ContinuM 
etation of Ood's judgmen troub] many, ultl oh timoremfuturijud[cii, 
s;tith Guatherius, cap. 5. tract. 15. et susicionem, spera6und unt. avid 
h oemplMns that God's judgmen terred his ul, PI m cx.  16. 
ver. 8." My flesh trembleth for fr of thee, and I ara OErd ofthy juden." 
Qt»d il[um coçlto (th tHieme)loto cpore cotreaco, I tmble 
oïtcn  I th ofit. The ible meditation ofheH fim, d eal punis[- 
meot much torments a sf sly sooE Vha's a thond y  ernity$ 
Ubi moer, biet, i lor eniernus.  ine orge,fin 
a finger bm-nt by chanoe we may hot endure, the pain  so ious, we may 
hot abide an bout, a night  inflexible; and what sha this unspable 
tben be that bu for ever, innerable ite mons of y% i o»ne 
vum, in oeternum. O erity[ 
Vox illa fulminaix, [ --me ens et ortn, & Veat coquitque pers. 
Fragobque  q t n; Centuptque flm" 

YLib. 20. ¢. 17. SDamam  putavit, et per quatuor menees Gehenvoe poenam senti, a 15C6. 
b tfic diufi seam conscient etimu]ie tatur, &c. b Tom. . c.  hum. 282. Bvealio 
m scposi vigiH junia. Colilaos et eupefitlos plerumque exitat conientl on 
,ertol leon, caun foenerator &c Iorem bi ngctt t con. Juven p]erumq 
«,c, ]inU n autre, &c. .d Annon n su]phur, lnquit t ¢Drabund re 
ab inis; Beqne  aliud b mt anetate eciun qo ut diabolo ttalem f*cit ips per 



em. 2. SuLs. 3.] D«sar &is Ca«ses. 717 

This meditation terrifies these poor distressed souls, cspec|ally iftheir bodies 
be predisposed by rnelancholy, they religiouly given, and bave tender con- 
sciences, every small object affrights them, the very inconsiderate reading of 
Scripture itself, and misinterpretation of some places of it; a, " Many are 
called, few are chosen, lot every one that saith Lord. Fear not little flock. 
e that stand, let him take heed lest ho 11. Work out your sa!vation with 
fear and trembling. That night two sha!l be in a bed, one received, the 
other left. 8trait is the way that leads to heaven, and few there are that 
enter therein." The larable of the seed and of the sower, "some fell on 
barren ground, some was choaked. Whom ho bath predestinated ho hath 
chosen. ]te will bave mercy on whom ho will have mercy." Von e vo[nis 
nec curretis, sed mirentis ])ci. These and the like places terrify the souls 
of many; election, predestination, reprobation, preposterously conceived, 
offend divers, with a deal of foolish presumption, curigsity, needless specula- 
tion, contemplation, solicitude, wherein they trouble and puzzle themselves 
about those qlestions of grace, free will, persevevdnce, God's secrets; they 
will know more than is revealed of God in his word, human capacity, or igno- 
rance oen apprehend, and too importunate inquiryafter that which ii revealed; 
mysteries, ceremonies, observation of Sabbaths, laws, duties, &c., with many 
such which the casuists diseur, and schoolmen broach, which divers mistake, 
misconstrue, misapldy to themselves, to their own undoing, and so fall into this 
gul£ « They doubt of their election, how they shall know it, by what signs. 
And so far ibrth," s.-fith Luther, "with such nice points, torture and crucify 
themselves, that they are almost naad, and all they get by itis this, they lay 
open a gap to the devil by desperation to carry them to hell; » but the greatest 
harm of all proceeds fa'oto those thundering ministers, a most frequent cause 
they are of this malady : " hand do more harm in the church (saith Erasmus) 
than they that flatter great danger on both sides, the one lulls them aleep 
in OErnal security, the other drives them to desl»air." ¥ereas, St. Bernard 
well adviseth, « i Ve should hot meddle with the one without the other, nor 
slalr ofjudgment without naercy; the one alone bl-igs desperation, the other 
securlty." But these rnen are wholly forjudgmeut; ofa rigid dispositionthem- 
selves, there is no mercy with them, no salvation, no balsam for their diseased 
souls, they can speak of nothing but reprohation, hell tire, and damnation ; as 
they did, Luke xi. 46. la«le men with bordons grievous to be borne, which thev 
themselves touch hot with a finger. 'Tis çamiliar with our papists to terrif'y 
men's souls with purffatory, tles, visions, apparitions, to daunt even the most 
generous spirits, "to k require charity," as Brentins observes, «'of others, 
bounty, meekness, love, patience, when they themselves breathe nought but 
lust, envy, covetousness." They teach others to fast, give altos, do penance, 
and crucify their mind with superstitious observations, bread and water, hair 
clothes, whips, and the like, when they themselves bave ail the dainties the 
world can afford, lie on a down-bed with a courtezan in their arms : Heu qua:- 
um patimu" ]rro Christo, as he sald, what a cruel tyTanny is this, so to insult 
over and terrify men's souls ! Our indiscxet pastors many of them corne hot 
far behind, whiJst in theh" ordinarysermonstheyspeakso much ofelection, prè- 
destination, reprobation, ab wtrno, subtractiou of grace, proeterition, volunta T 
1)omission, &c., by wht sins and tokens they shall discern and try themselve, 

tremendnus word, more threaten|ng tha thntders atd t'ne artl|lery of heve--F.teruT, that word 
thout end or orig|n. No torments affright u which are fimlted to year: Etcrn|ty, eteru|ty occup|e 
and inflame tho heartthi |t i that daily auruent our nfferinga and muitipfie our heart-burninç a 
hondred.fokL  h E©clelt. 1. I. ttaod c|o an mu discrimen ab hi qui b]adiunror an ab his 
-  - - - desrationem tranunt, ave.sup, io. ¢au. i. alterum sine mzero p e on p , 
or» et yy. tîcii in deration proecipitat, et misccordioe fallax oetentatio pimam gerat 
aecur t ttel k In Lue. hom. lO& exlgunt ab ahl$ chartatem, bcuefieent» e Ip$  et 
'r l,binem invidiam» a iti. IL d 



718 l?cllg;ous ."llclancho?y. [Part. 3. Sec. 4. 

whcther they be God's truc childreu elect, an sitôt 'el»'Obi , prcedestiw«ti, &c., 
th such scrupulous points, they still aggravate sin, tlmnder out God's judg- 
ments without resct, inmpestively rail af and pnounce them damned in 
allaudit,for giv[ug so much sports d houer recretions, ma every 
mnall çault and thing different an irremissible offenoe, they so rent, ar and 
wound men's cociences, that they are almost md, and at their wit' end. 
"Thoee bitr potions (saith m Ermus) e still in their mouthB nothhg 
but gall and horror, and  d noise, they ke ail their audito desperate :" 
y are wounded by this means, and they commonly that are mot devout 
nd poecioe, bave been foerly presumptuous, and certai of theh" salvation; 
lhey that have tender oenscenc, that tbllow sermong equent lectures, that 
bave indoed lt cauoe, they are most apt to mise, and fa into these 
mioeries. I bave hrd some oemplain of Parson's esolution, and other 
books ofke nature (good otherwi), they are too tragical, too much dtjecting 
me aggvathg offences: grt OEre dchoice» much dioetion h reuh'ed 
h this kind. 
The last and eatest cau of this malady,  out own oenscience, senæ of 
out si, and God's anr justly deserved» a guilty oenience tbr some fmd 
oflbnce formerly committed, 0  Ores, quid 'bi « ditl Or: 
Cocti«, 'u «ni» mihi «ocius  al pererat.  "A good con- 
science is a continuM feast," but a ga cocience is  great a torment  
an possibly happen, a still bakhg ovel (so Pierhs h his Hierogb'ph. compares 
it), another he. Out conscience, which is a gt ledger book, wherein are 
writn ail out offenoe a regisr to lay them up, (wch ghose p Egyptians in 
t]œeir hieroglyphics expreed by a mfll,  well tbr the continuance, as for the 
torture of if.) grinds our sortis with the remembmnce of some prt'cedent shs, 
mkes us reflect upon, acc and condemn our ownselves. "q ia lies at 
door," &c. I know thet be ny other oeus msigned by Zanchius, 
» Mnoeulus, and the rest;  credOity, infidety, prption, ignorance, 
bdns, inatitude» dontent, thooe rive and mioeri in 'istotle, igno- 
nahy, need, sicknes8, enmity, death, &c.; but th of cocienoe is the greatç, 
 Lur us corpjugirpercel&ts: The rupulous conoeience ( t PeUr 
Forestus calls it) wch tot%ures so my, tllat either out of a deep appreheion 
of their worthiness, and oensideration of their own dlu , "accu 
themlv and aravate every 8ma offence, when theoe  no such cuoe, 
misdoubthg in the mntime God's merci¢», they i ingo theoe inoenve- 
nienc." The poet OEils ghem u furi , bug it  the coience alone which 
 a thoand witnses to aoeuse us, x 'octe diue suum gtant in poetora 
ttem.  continl testor o give in evidence, to empanel a jury to emo 
us, to c guilty, a peroecutor with hue and Cl to iollow, an apparitor to sure- 
mon us, a bail to ca u¢ a oeljnt to arrest, an attorney fo pied agng 
m, a gaoler to torment, a judge to condemn, st cusing, denouncing, tortur- 
g and molthg. And as the stue of Juno in that holy city near Euphrates 
in y Assyria wfll look sti towards you, sit where you will in her temple, ho 
sares f upon you, if you go by, she follows with ber eye,  1 sit plac 
conventicl, actiom, out coience 1 be sti ady go accu us. Afr 
many plet days» and fortunate adventes, merl rides, this conoeience ag 
 doth arrêt ua. We he may e temporal puhment,  bribe a cor- 

m De futuro judiclo, de damnatlone horrendum creput, et amaras lilas potationes in ore sernper habent, 
• t multos inde in desperationem cogant, n Euripides. «' 0 wr@tched Orestes, what malady consumes 
y,m  " o,, Conscience, for 1 ara conscious of eviL" P Pierius. q Gen. iv. r9 cause Musculus makes. 
• t'lutarch, t Alios misere castigat plena scrupulis conscienti nodum in scirpo quoerunt, et ubi nulla 
caus subest, nlisericordioe divlnœe dithdentes, se Oco destinsnt, u Coelius, lib. 6. ffi J uvenal. "Night 
aud day they carry their witnesses in thv breat." Y Lucian. de de Syria. Si adstiteris, te aspicit; si 
transea visu te sequitur. Sprirna hoec est uitio, quod se jut[ice ncmo noccns abbtlvitttr, imlJrob& 
q,,&mvLs gratia failacLs proetoris vicerit urnam. JuvenaL 



Mem. 2. Subs. 3 ] 1)espagr M Ca,tseA 719 
rupt ju«le, and avoid he censure of law, and flouri.h »r a [,ne ; "»» who 
ever saw (aih Chrysosom) a coveo mn roubled in mimi when he is ell- 
ing of his money, an adulrer mourn wih hi misres in his as ] we arc 
hen drunk h p]sm, d peeive nohing :" ye 
dny rare, w music ag firs, merry company, jovial enterMinmeng, bu 
cruel reckong in he end,  bier a wormwo»d, a fearful visitation com- 
monly foHows. And he devil ha hen old hee ha ig w a figh sin, or no 
ia a ail, now aggrava¢ on he oher side, and elleh h, tha i is a mos 
iemiible offence, s he did by Cain and Judas, o bring hem o despair ; 
everv mall ccumsnce fore negleced and contemned, will now amplify 
isel s« up in judgmen, and aeoe 
as to Luci's tymnt, lectus et cala, tho boe and caudle did ar witns, 
to torment tir souls for the sins past. Trieal emples in thi» kiml aro 
too faliar and eommoa : Adfian, Galb, em, Otho, Vitelliu 
were in sueh hoor of conscience for their offences eommitted, murders, ras, 
extortions, jufies, that they were wetry of their liv, and eould get nobody 
to kill them. b Kennetus, King of Scotlaad, whea he had muered his nephe 
Mleom, King Duffe's son, Prince of Cumbern,i, and wh eounterfeit tr 
and prottations sembled the matr a long time, "ab lst his eoaseieneo 
aoed him, his unquiet soul could hot rest day or night, he was r5fied with 
feafful dreams, visions, and so mi8erably tormented ail  life." It  strango 
fo read what «Comiaoe hath itn of Louis XI. that French king ; of 
Châles VIII. ; ofAIphoams, Kg of aples ;  the fu ofhis paion how 
he came into Sieily, and what pmnks he played. Guicciardini, a man most 
upt fo believe li, relates how that Ferdinaad his father's ghost who beforo 
had died for grie came nd told m, tht he could hot resist the Fneh Kiug, 
he thought every man cried France, France ; the reon of it (saith Comiaoeus 
w buse he w  vile tyrant, a murderer, an opprsor of his subjects, he 
bought up a eommoditi, d ld them at h own price, sold :tbbeys to Jewa 
and Feonem ; both Ferdind h father, and he himst.lf never ruade eon- 
ienco of any oemmited sin ; and fo eonelude, saith he, if w impossible to 
do worse than they d. Why was ama the Spartan tymat, Nero, Otho, 
Glba, so perseetd with spirits in eve house they came, but for tbeir mur- 
ders whieh they had eommitçed  OWhy doth the devl ht many men's 
hous afoer their deaths, appear fo them ving, aad take possession of tbeir 
habitations,  if were, of their palac, but bee of their several villanies 
Why had iehard the ThiM such fearl dreams, saith Polyde, but for hi 
fruent murders ? Vhy was t]erod so toumd in h mind ? because he ha,[ 
ruade away Mariamne ] wife. Why was Theodorie, the King of the Goths, 
o suspieious, nd so affrighted with a fish hd alon% but that he had murdered 
ymmach, and Boethius, his son-in-law, those worOy Romaas  Coeus, 
lib. 27. cap. 22. See more inlutarch, in h tmct De Ms qul se à Numi,e 
nluntur, and in his book De tranquillita aimi, &« Yea, and sometimes 
GOD himoeff hath a hand ia it, to show his power, hu]ae, exercse, and to 
t the faith, (die temptation, erkins OElls it, Cas. cons. lib. 1. cap. 
sect. l.) to puh them for the sins. God the avenger, as fDavid rms 
him, ultor à t9o Ds, his wrath 
aud JuS, wch the poets expræd by Aasth, or emes 
« Assequiur 'emeslsque rm vtia 
e male qnid lacis. 

s QIs unquarn vidit svavum ringt dura luem ades, adultum dura potier voto, lugere in peeando 
............ -' nro,nde non sentim &c b Buchanan. lib. 6. Hmt. ot. cAnim 
visi$ horrore pleni$ remefac[ns, &oE d I» bello pol. ¢ Thireu de lotis inf[i% part. i. cap. 2. 
cro' mother w still in his eye. f Fs$1. zv. L g" d em pursu d notic the atep 
f ¢n !t you commit any eh " 



. 0 Reious 7I«lancoly. [Part..3. Sec. 
 1 se ,   Ammîmxs, lib. 1. eses er, "te queen of cns, 
oderaor of thin, now she pulls clown the prond, now she tar» and 
c«mgeth those that are good ;' hegives itanoein hisEusebius ; icephos, 
lib. 10. cap. 5. cl. t. in Man nd Juin. Fffu] eml»les of 
God's ust judgment, wth and vengeanoe, a  e round iu all bistori of 
some that bave n ten to dth with ts and ce,  Pompe, the 
seoond ng of Polaud. aun. 80,  wife and children  te like sry is of 
Hatto, rchishop of Meutz, au 9ç9,  devoured y the ve, which 
howsoever Sen-rius the Jes&t, ]ont. zm l&. . cap. . impu 
twenty-two armen, Tritemius, k luter, gdeurgens, aud many 
«,the rclato for a truth. Sucb another example  find  Gerd Cam- 
brensi, ]iin. Çam. lib. 2. p. 2. and where hot  
And yet for I tb teo of cocienoe, affrigbtg punhmen which 
e so frequent, or wbatsoever else may uoe or vate t feafful 
 other religion, I see no tenon at aH wby a çaçist at y rime ould 
or  troled for  sins; for let him be newr so dissoluto a citi  no- 
ous a vi, so moutrus  siner, out of that trure of ideoes and 
crits of whicb tbe pope  dipeator, e may ve free paon and plery 
msion of all h sins. There be so ny genel rdons for  to oeme, 
f,,]y thousand yea to corne, so many jbees, so ient gl delivei 
ofgurgatory for all so, now living, o ar dolution of the body, o mauy 
I,rticular m«s daily id in several churcb, so any alt coec«d fo 
this pose, that if a man bave either money or ends, or i take any pai 
 corne to such an altr, r a ms, y so many poEteoe, undero such 
an«l ch penan, he not do ams, it  irascible his nind ould 
tubled, or e bave any scple  molt h. esid that Taxe 
ost[oe, wich w t publihed to get oney  tbe days of Decimus, 
tht shng poge, and since dig to the sae ends, sets do suc 
rates and dntio for aoffences, for perju, urder, cest, aŒEEl, 
for so any gro or doH (able  in,te any man to s, and provoke him 
 offend, media, that otherwise ould hOt) such coole reio 
gentle and parale a çardon, so ready t hd, with  sall oest and suit 
obtined, tht  cnot sec how he that bath any irien aont them Ç 
y) or money  hi e, or will at let to e hsel n auy way 
r or e ffected, how he hoId  dra,  danger of damnatiu, 
or trobled in ind. Their ghotly çthe cn  ry pply rem, 
OEngly strg andtrg, wind d mnd their devotion, play pon th ei" 
oeciences th plaible sçohd OEnble thrts, lbr the best advange 
oettle d remove, ere th such facity and dejt, let in d out, that 
nnot çeeive how y man amont them od uch or ofn lbour ol 
th e, or lly c. The  hove named ust more fiequently 
tberefore ke ho]d  othe 
. IV.Syptos f «sp«i, «, 8orow, , içty, 
Eoroe OE Coc«, F«al ««»  Vs. 
 voeake do wen they ng ome so, sti cry leather is dearer 
and doer, ay I jtly y of th elancholy syptoms : th of 
re most olt, tra, and evous, f beyond tbe , hot   exprd 
ut natively,  it  pvtion of all happins, not  be endured ; « for 
ounded spot who  br it ' rov. xvi. 19. at, therelbr Tan- 
th did in  çie of Iphige now ry  e sacced, hen he had 
pain Ch moug, Uly , but ost sooEl lenela; 
reg. Fol k mog. Mun$ter_ et lagde. I Plini,,. c-. I0. l. 3. Consumpt, affecubu 
non put vevt» ut vmn quem po mxium m ,,rem  vg pa coiL 



llem. $. qub 4.] Symïtons of Desl, ar. 721 
howed all li« ar  expreg a vaey of affoeo, he covero.l he mi,l's 
faher Amomnon head wih a il, nd lo i o every pecaor o concei.e 
what he would himself; for that te psion and sorrow in summo gradu, such 
as his w, could hot by any a be diphercd. WhoEt he did h his picture, I 
wl do h descfibhg the symptoms of despair; imagine wht thou canst, fear, 
sorrow, fues, ie£ in, teor, anger, dhmaL ghtly, tediou, irme, &c. 
it  n scient, if cornes far sho, no tone can tell, no heart conceive it. 
'Tis a epitome of hell, an extract, a quinseace, a compouud, a ture of 
all ferai malies, tynnical robres, plaes, and perplexities. There h no 
sic at but physic pvideth a remedy for it; go every sore crget T 
will providea mlve; ienhip helps povoety; hopeof Ebey eeth imprison- 
ment; suit and fgvour revoke banishment; authority and rime wear away 
reproach; but what physic, what chirry, what wlth, favour, authofity 
can relieve, be out, uage, or expel a troubled oenience] A quiet mind 
cureth ail them, but a they canaot comfort a OEstressed soul: who can put 
fo silence the voice of despetioni A that is single in other melancholy, 
][orribile, dirum, pestilens, atx, firum, conc in this, it h mo than melan- 
choly in the highest degré; a buhg fever of the ul; so mad, sth 
mJacchinus, by thh mise; fear, soow, and despair, he puts for ordinary 
symptoms of melancholy. They a in eat pah and hoor ofmhd, 
tion of soul, oestless, fl of continl fea, 'es, tomeuts, anxieties, they 
can neither eat, dfink, nor sleep for them, take no rest, 
« n Fee impie, nec mensoe tempore ca I « N'elther at bed nor yet at boar 
Exgtat vana quia, 8omnique fente" Will any test dça affor" 
Fear takes away their content, and dries the blood, wteth the maow, alters 
the countenance, "even in their greatt deligh, sinng, dancing, daance, 
they are fil (saith °Lemni)tortured In then'..ou. It consumes them to 
nought, "I ara fike a pelican in the  fideess (ith David ofhimsel tempo- 
lly affiicted), an owl, beoeuse of thine diation," P cil. 6, 10, 
Palm lv. 4. "$Iy hea trembleth within me, and the retors of death bave 
corne un me; fear and trembling are corne un me, &c. at death's door," 
Psalm cvfi. 18. "Their ul abhors all mater of meats." e Vsleep 
(if it be any) unquiet, subject to fe dreams and tenon. Peter in h bonds 
slept sre, for" he knew God protected hlm ; and Tully makes it an 
of Roscius erinus' innoccy, that he lled hOt h father, because he 
eoErely slept. Those mar  the primitive cheh were most qchoerthl 
and mey  the midst of their ecutions; but if  far othersc with 
th men, toed in a sea, and that oentuay without rest or temission, 
they can thk of nought that is plent, «rtheir conscience wi not let them 
 quiet,"  perpetual fe, anxiety, if they be not yet appoehended, they a 
doubt stffi they shall be ready to bety themselves,  Cain did, he thinks 
eve man wi k h; "and roar for the gjefof beaU," Psalm xvifi. 8, 
m Dard did; as Job d, xx. 3, 21, 22, &c., "Wherefore  light ven to 
him that is in mi, and life go them that bave hea hs  which long 
for death, and frit oeme hot, arch it more tn trures, and rejoice when 
they can find the ve." ey are nelly weary ofthe fiv, a trembfing 
hea they bave,  soowful d, 8nd little or no test. Terror ubiç tretr, 
timor undiq et unde terr. « Fe, tenon, and affrights  ail places, 
ai ail rimes and so." Cim  potum pertinacitèr arersantur multi, 
dum in sco quœetantes, et culpam imint ubi nulla est,  Wies 
wfi  Lami, Kb. 3. c. 7. '" they refe may of them meat and dk, 
m t5 In 9 Rhls nuy. Sat. 13. etem eflplt fimorblc; ytm, totmqne 's 
- - -'-"-" uta lam u decl  pudii   in plexu coJus rnificinam exerce lib. 
p 21 p N sinit consciena tai homin res rba profe aut rtis quenquam ulis mpioe 
ab omnl homin coetu eosdoe extem et dorlotes peeefaL Fhflost hb I de  
q EebiuN i«ephos, «1. hist. lib 4. c. 17. r nc b 1. egist. 106. Conscieuti iud 
on patitur, pertba vitam ag nqu vant 



cannot rest, aggravating still and supposing grievous offences where there are 
none." God's henry wrath is kindled in their sonls, and notwithstanding their 
continual prayers and supplications to Christ Jesus, they bave no release or 
case at ail, but a most intolerable trment, and insufferable anguish of con- 
science, and that makes them, through impatience, to murmur against God 
many rimes, to rave, to blaspheme, turn atheists, and seek to offer violence to 
themselves. Deut. xxviii. 65, 66. "In the morning they wish for evening, 
and for morning in the evening, for the sight of their eyes which they sec, and 
fear of hearts." i][arinus lIercennus, in his comment on Genesis0 makes 
mention of a desperate fiend of his, whom, amongst others, he came to visit, 
and exhort to patience, that broke out into most blasphemons atheistical 
speeches, too fearful to relate, when they wished him to trust in God, Quis est 
ille Deus (inquit) ut servlam illi, quid proderlt si oraverim ; si prvesens est, cur 
twn st«crurrit? c«r non me carcere, inediâ, squalore confectum liberat ? quid 
e9o feci ? &c. ab.oit à me lujt«srnodi Deus. Auother of his acquaintance broke 
out into like atheistical blasphemies, upon his wife's death raved, cursed, said 
and did he cared hot what. And so for the most part if is with them all, 
many of them, in their extremity, think they hear and sec visions, outcries, 
confer with devils, that they are tormented, 1,ossessed, and in hell-fire, already 
damned, quite forsaken of God, they bave no sense or feeling of mercy, or 
grace, hope of salvatio, their sentence of condemnation is already past, and 
hot fo be revoked, the devil will certainly bave them. Iqever was any living 
creature in such torment belote, in such a miserable estate, in such distress of 
mind, no hope, no faith, past cure, reprobate, continually tempted fo make 
away themselves. Something talks with them, they spit tire and b,'imstone, 
they cannot but blaspheme, they cannot repent, believe or think a good thought, 
so far carried ; ut co9antt«r ad tmiJia cogitand«rn etiarn contra voluntatem, said 
k Foelix Pinter, ad blasphemiam er9a Deura, ad aul« horrendaperpetranda, ad 
¢nanus violentas sibi iaferendas , &c., and in their distracted fits and desperate 
humours, to offer violence to others, their familiar and dear frieds sometimes, 
or fo mere strangers, upon very small or no occasion ; for he that care hot 
for his own, is toaster of another man's life. They think evil agains their 
wills; that which they abhor themselves, they must nee&s think, do, and speak. 
1-Ie gives instance in a patient of his, that when he would pray, had such evfl 
thoughts still suggested to him, and wicked meditations. Another instance 
le bath of a woman that was often tenpted to curse God, fo blaspheme and 
kill hersel£ Sometimes the devil (as they say) stands without and talks with 
them, sometimes he is within them, as they think, and there speaks and talks 
as to such as are possessed: so Apollodorus, in Plutarch, thought his hear 
spake within him. There is a nmst memorable example of mFrancis Spira, 
an advocate of ladua, Ann. 1545, that being desperate, by no couaoel of 
learned men could be comforted: he felt (as he said) the pains of hell in lais 
soul; in allother things he discoursed arlght, but in this mostmad. Frielica, 
]3ullovat, and some other excellent physicians, could neither make him eat, 
drink, or sleep, no persuasion could case him. çever pleaded any man so well 
f,,r himself, as this man did against himself, and so he desperately died. 
Spafinger, a lawyer, bath written his lire. Cardinal Crescence died so hkewise 
desperate af Yerona, still he thought a black dog followed him fo his death-bed, 
no man c,,uld drive the dog away, Sleiden. coin. 23. cap. l/b. 3. X, Vhilst I was 
writing this treatise, saith 3Iontaltus, cap. 2. de mel. "A nun came fo me for 
lkclp, -ell for all other matters, but troubled in conscience for rive yeax-a last 



Mem. 2. Subs. 6.] Cure of Despalr. 723 
past ; she is almot md, and not able to resist, tnks she bath offcnded God, 
and  cealy dao&" FoeHx Plater bath store of inshnces of such as 
thought theelves dmned, °fomakeu of God, &c. One amougst the rest, 
that dum hot go fo church, or corne near the Rhine, for fear to make away 
e be then he w mos especially tempted. These and such like 
pms are intended d mtted,  the mMady itself is mo or le« ; 
ome H hego coel» some w hot ; me desire help, me rejcct ali, 
and wfll not be eased. 
SUECT. V.Prnostics  Despair, them, B&sp£emg, violent death, c. 
Mos pa the klnd of pel make Paway themselve% some 'e mad, 
blaspheme, curse, deny God but moEt offer olence to flœeir o peus, and 
sornettes  others. "A wounded spot who cau brl" Prov. xviii. 14. 
As Cain, Saul, Actophel, Jud blphemed and died. Bede ith, Pilate 
di desperate eight yeam after Chst. qFelix Plater bath collected many 
examples. "fA merchant's we that w long troubled th such temptations, 
in the ght rose from ber bed, and out of the window broke her neck into tire 
street: another dmwned himself despera  he w in the Rhine : some cut 
the throats, many bang themlves. But thh needs no illustration. It 
ntmveed by me, wheer a man o offerhg violence to himsel dying 
des,rate, may be saved, ay or no If they die so obsnaly and suddeuly, 
that they cannot so much  h for mercy, the womt is tobe suspected, 
ca they e impenitent.  If their death had been a little more lingering, 
whereh they might bave some leisure in their heas to c T for mercy, charity 
may judge the bt; ve bave been recovered out of the ve ac of lmng- 
ing and droing themselv, and so brought  »am »wnt, they have 
been ve penitent, much abho the ibrmer act, confs that they have 
repented in an instant, and ced for mey h their becs. If a man put 
despemte hands upon h, by occasion of mness or mehncholy, if he 
bave given testony beforeof his regeneration, in regard he doth this hot so 
much out of his ,  ex  b, we must me the bt construction of it, 
 «Turks do, that t ail fools and madmen go directly to heaven. 
SUmECT. VI.Cure of Despair b Phçsic, Good Counsel, ConSorts, c. 
EXCEllEnCE teacheth us, that though many die otinate and wilf«l in this 
maloey, ye mtitudes agah are able  rest and overoeme, seek for help 
nd d coo, are taken èfaucibus Erebi, fmm the chops of hell, and out 
the de's paws, though they bave by Uobfigation given themselves to him. 
me out of theoE own strenh and God's assistance, "Though He kill me, 
(saith Job) y wi I tt in Himï out of goed counsel, advice, and physic. 
Xllovus cured a monk by Mteng h habit, and coue o[ lite: Plater 
ny by phic alone. But for e mo part they must concur; and they 
tae a wrong coue that think  overcome this ieral psion by sole physic 
and they are as much out, that th fo work this effect by g advice alone, 
though both be forcible in flmmselv, yet v unita]ortior, "they must go 
hd in hand this de :"alterius $ altera poser em. or physic 
he e oeurse h o be ken th this  in other melcholy: diet, air, 
exercée, oe hose piom and peurtions of the mind, ., ara to be recti- 
fied by he ame mns. They mus no be lc aoli, or fo thcmselves, 
never idle, never ou of company. Col, gd comfo 
o A]Io8 enqert anvl  es ex doEnatom numero. Deo 
feue non audebn vel abhoe/. P Mc, Ptti : ad vm sibi inlerendam cogit homin. 
q  D8 wfis i8. obse, llb. l. r Uxor etctri diu xsinibus teutt &e. s Abeelhy. 
t Busulu& u John or vi 8 : quid 



724 R«liglou# Melanc]oly. [Par. 3. Sec. 4. 

they shall e the parties indined, or to the causes, whether if be loss, fcar, 
be grief, disconten, or some such fera1 accident, a guilty conscience, or other- 
wise by frequeng medigation, toogrievons an apprehension, and con.qideration of 
lis for-mer lire; by heaxing, reaxling of Scriptures, good divines, good sdvice 
and conference, applying God's word to their distressed souls» it must be cor- 
rected and counterpoisecL ]Ianyexcellen t exhortations, paroenetical discourses, 
are extant to this i,urpose, for such as are any way troubled in mind : Perkins, 
Greenham, Hayward, Bright, Ahetethy, Boln, Culmannus, l'elmingius, 
Coelius Secundus, I'icholas Laurentius, are copions on this subject: Azorins, 
Tavarrns, Sayrus, &c., and such as have written cases of conscience amongst 
out" pontifical wzters. ]ut becanse these men'a works are hot to all parties sg 
hand, so parable st ail rimes, I vrill for the benefi and esse of such as are 
affiicted, af the reqnest of some Yfriends, re-col|cet out of their voluminous 
treatises, some few such comfortable speeches, exhortations, sa-guments, adviee, 
tending to this subject, and out of God's word, knowing, as Culmannus saith 
upon the like occasion, '' how unavailable and vain rnen's comsels are to coin- 
fort an aicted conscience, except God's word concur and be annexed, from 
wllich cornes lire, esse, repentance,:' &c. Pre-supposing first that which eza, 
Greenham, l%rkins, ]olton, give in charge, the parties to whom counsel is 
given be suoEciently prepared, humb]ed for their sins, fit for comfort, confessed, 
tried how they are more or less affiicted, how they stand affected, or capable 
«,f good advice, before any remedies be applied: to such therefore as are so 
thomughly searehed and examined, I address this following discourse. 
Two nain antidotes. Hemmingius observes, opposite fo despair, good hope 
out of God's 'ord, to be embraced; perverse security and presumption from 
ihe devil's treachery, fo be rejected; llla sah«s anmoe gcloestis; one saves, 
the other kills, occidit anbnan, saith Austin, and doth as much harm as despair 
itself, bavmns the casuist reckons np ten specia] cures out of Anton- 1. 
Tart. 'it. 3. top. 10. 1. God. 2. lhysic. 3. CAvoiding such objects as 
have cansed it. 4. Submission of himselïto other men'sjudgments. 5. Answer 
of all objections, &c. All which Cajetan, Gerson, lib. de vit. $1irit. Sayrns, 
lib. 1. cas. cons. cap. 14. repeat and approve out of F_,manuel oderiques, cap. 
51 et 52. Greenham 13rescribes six special rules, Oulmannus seven. First, 
to.ackn.owl.edge all help corne from God. 2. That the cause oftheir present 
mmery s sln. 3. To repent and be heartily sorry for their sins. 4. To pray 
earnestly to God they may be eased. 5. To expect and implore the 
prayers of the chxrch, and good men's advice. 6. lhysic. 7. To commend 
themselves to God, and rely upon tis mercy ; others, otherwise, but all to this 
effect. ]ut forasmuch as most men in this malady are spiritually sick, void of 
reason almost, overborne by their miseries» and too deep an apprehension of 
their sins, they cannot apply themselves fo good counsel, pray, believe, repent, 
we must, as much as in us lies, occur and help their peculiar infirmities, ac- 
c *rding to their several causes or symptoms, as we shall find them distressed 
and complaln- 
The main marrer vhich terrifies and torments most that are troubled in 
mind, is the enormity of their offencos, the intolerable burthen of their  
God's heavy xvrath and displeasure so deeply apprehended, that they account 
themselves reprobates, qnite forsaken of God, already damned, past all hope of 
grace, incapable of mercy, diaboli rancilffo , slaves of sin, and their offences so 
great they cannot be forven. :But these men must kaow there ia no sln so 

Y f brother0 George Iurton M. James Whltehll, re¢or of Che¢.kley» ! Sta'ordshre, my qnodam 
¢htmber-fellow, and ltte fellow'ëtudent in Clrlst Claurch, Oxon. s,.qe quam va.us mit et ineca 
unnotrïa m verboa r .Çen_es  afllcts, consola, tio, nie! verb u_ra De| audlatm', it quo rira, refrigers, tio, solatmm, 
re scrupulosa, contraventio .crupulorum. " 



Mem. . ub. 6.] Ç'tre ofl)elgai'. 7 

heinous which is not pardonab|e in itself, no crime so g,'eat but by God's mercy 
if may be forgiven, " Where sin aboundeth, grace aboundeth much more," 
Rom. v. 20. And what the Lord said unto Paul in his extremity, 2 Cor. xi. 9. 
"My grace is suflcient for thee, for my power is ruade perfect through weak- 
ness :" concerns every man in fike case. LLis promises are ruade indfinite to 
ail believers, generally spoken to all touching remission of sin that are truly 
penitent, grieved for their offences, and desired to be reconeiled, Iatt. ix. 12, 
13, "I came not to call the righteous but inners to repentanee,  that is, such 
as are truly touched in conscicnce for their sins. Again, Iatt. xi. 28, « Como 
unto me ail yo that axe heavy laden, and I wi]l ease yotL" Ezek. xviii. 27, 
"ai what time soever a sinner shall repent him of his sins from the bottom of 
his heart, I will blot out ail his wickedness out of my remembrance saih the 
Lord." Isaiah xliil. 25, "I even I ara He that put away thine iniquity for 
mine own sake, and will hot remember thy sins." « As a father (saith David, 
Psal. ciil. 13) bath compassion on his children, so bath the Lord compassion 
on them that fear him." And will receive them again as the prodigal son ,vas 
« o # o 
entertamed, Luke xv., if they shall o corne wlth tears in their eyes, and a 
lenitent heart, teccator agnoscat , Deu igrw»cit, "The Lord is full of com- 
passion and mer,y, slow to anger, of great kindness," Psal. ,iii. 8. « ]e will 
hot always ,bide, neither keep His anger for ever," 9. « As high as tho 
heaven is above the earth, so great is His mercy towards them that fear H ira," 11. 
"As far as the East is from the West, o far hath [e removed our sins from 
us," 12. Though Cain c T out in the anguish of his soul, my punishment is 
greater than I tan bear, 'tis hot so; thou liest, Cain (saith Au,tin), "God's 
mercy is greater than thy sins. His mercy is above all I[is work8,"l»al, cxlv. 
9, able to satify for ail men's sins antilutron, 1 Tire. ii. 6. is mercy i8 a 
p«nacea, a balsam for an aflicted sou|, a sovereign melicine, an alexipharma- 
cum for all sin, a charm for the devil; ]is mercy was great to olomon, to 
]Ianasseh, to Peter, great to all offenders, and ,vhosoever thou at% if may be 
so to thee. For why should God bid us pray (as Austin infers) "Deliver us 
from all evil," isi ipse niisericors lcrereraret, iflIe did not intend to help 
He therefore that doubts of the remission of his sins, denies God's mer,y, 
and doth Him injury, saith Austin. Yea, but thou repliest, I am a notorious 
inner, mine offences are hot so great asinfinite. Hear Fulgentius, "°God's 
invincible goodness cannot be overcome by sin, His infinite mercy camot ho 
terminated by any : tho multitude of ][is merey is equivalent to His magni- 
rude." Hear tChrysostom, « Thy malice may be measured, but God's mercy 
cannot be defined; thy malice is circumscribed, I-Iis mercies infinite. As a 
drop of water is to the ea, so are thy misdeeds to His mercy: nay, there is 
no such proportion to be given; for the sea, though great, yet may be mea- 
sured, but God' mercy cannot be circumscribed." Whatsoever thy sins ho 
then in quantity or quality, multitude or magnitude, fear th em hot, distrust not. 
I speak hot this, aith «Chrysostom, "fo make thee secure and negligent, but 
to cheer thee np." rea, but, thou urgest again, I bave littlo comforg of this 
which Js said, if concerns me hot: lmnis çoeitenti çuam sequens culpa coi- 
quinat, 'tis to no purpose for me to repent, and to do worse than ever I did 
beforÇ, to persevere in sin, and to return to my lusts as a dog to his rotait, or 
a swine to the mire: to what end is it to ask forgiveness of my sins, and yet 
daily to sin again and again, to do evil out of a habit  I daily and hourly 
offend in thought, word, and deed, in a relapse by mine own weaknes and 

• wssm InJnrlsm Deo fclt qul didlt de eJ mlserleo. « Bonlt ctl nn clr; flnltl 
---v'" - " * :,- fHom 3 De voenitentl- Tus odem mslitis mensursm naoe[. ei suWm 
iseflcordl ensurSm non haler. Tus mitia circuscripts t» &c. Peia£us etsi magu, mensurwn 
hsbet ; Dei sutem, &c. « Non ut do voa 



726 eligious Ielane]wy. [_Part. 3. Sec. 4. 

ilfulness: my bonus genlus, my good protecfing ange] la gone, I ara fal|en 
frein that I was or would be, worse and worse, "my latter end is worse than 
my beginuing :" qi quotidie leCeas, quoidie, saith Chrysostom, laoEt,itim 
if thou daily Çffend, daily relient : "iiï twice, thrico, a hundred, a htmdred 
thousand times, twice, thrice, a hundred thottsand rimes repenti" As they de 
by an old bouse tha't is out of repair, still mend seine part or other; se de by 
thy seul, 8till reform seine vice, repair it by repentance, call te Him for grae, 
and thou shalt bave it; « For we are freelyjustified by His grace," Rem. iii. 
2L Ifthine enemy repent, as out Saviour enjoined Peter, forgive him eventy- 
seven rimes; and why sbouldst thou think God will net forgive thee SVhy 
should the enormity of thy sins trouble thee? God can de it, he will de it. 
"My conscience (8aith kAnselm) dictates te me that I descrve damnation, my 
repentance wi]l nit suflice for satisfaction: but thy mercy, O Lord, quite 
overcometh ail my transgressions." The god once (as the poets feign) with a 
gold chain would pull J upiter out of heaven, but all they together could net 
stir him, and yet he coald draw aad tuxn them as he woaId himseIf; 
al| the furce and ïury of tbese infernal fiends» nd cryng sins, « His grace 
suoEcient." Cunfer the debt and the payment Christ an Adam sln, 
the curo o it; the dease and the medicine; coILfer he 8ick man to his 
lhysician, md thou 8halt soon perceie that his power i8 innitly beyond 
od' beter able as Beruard iformeth us» oto helt) than 8in to do us 
Crist is bcter able to save, tha the devil to desroy." "/ï ho ho a 8kilïul 
)hysician» as Fulgentlus adds» «he can cure al/diseases; imercifu]» he w/IL" 
.'on est er.fe« ]onit  Ç non o nt' OEwr» His goodue8 
hot abso]ute and lerect, i it be hot ab|e to overcome al| mace. 8abrnt thyse] 
,nto Him, as 8t ustin adviseth» «°Ho loweth best what he doth 
be ot so much please when he ustans ]Dee, as ])Rte whcn he corrects 
thee; he is omnilotent » and ca tare a]l diseases when he ees his ow time." 
t[e looks down frein heaven open eath that he may har the "mourning 
of prisoners» and deliver the children of death," PsaL cil 19, 20. "And 
though out sins be as red as scalet, He can make them as white as SHOW," 
IsaL i. 18. I)oubt net of this, or ask how it shall be done: He is all-suffclent 
that i)romiseth çtdj(ei rnnm c rnmnclo, saith Chrysostom, he that 
ruade a fair world of nought, can de this and much more for his par : de thou 
only believe, trust in him, rely on him, be penitent and hcarily sorrow for thy 
sia Poeleutance is a sovereign remedy fur ail sin a spiritual wing te rear 
us, a charm 0r our miseries, a protecting amulet te expel sin's renom, an 
attractive loadstone te draw God's mercy and graces unto us. °eeeam 
m», poEneni nedi'nar: sin ruade the breach, repentance must help it; 
howsoever thiue offence came, by errer» sloh, obstinacy, ignorance, er 
oe'nam, this is the sole means te be relievexL »Hence cornes our hope of 
satety by this alone sinners are saved, God is povoked te mercy. «This 
ulooseth ail that is bound, enlighteneth darkne mends that is broken» 
lire te tht whtch was desperately dying :" makea no respect of offencea, or of 
persons. « «This doth net repel a fornicator, reject a drunkard, resist a proud 
fllow, turn away an idolater, but entertLus all, communicates itse]î te aiL" 
%Wao persecuted the church more than Paul offended more than Peter and 

 I bls, il ter, si cenfles, sl eenties mlll;e, toties poenitenllam age. • Consclentls mes merIt dama- 
tlonem, poenitentis non sufl]cit sd satisfsetionem: sed tu mtserieordJs snperst omnem offensionem. 
Mu]to efl]caclor Christi mors in bonum, qnsm peects nostr& in malum. Christu potenfior sd sslvandnm, 
quam dmon sd perdendura, m Ferits medicns pote.st otaries inflrmlttes ssnare; si miseri¢orl, vult. 
• OmnipotenU medico nullu Ignguor tusan&bills occurrit: tu tantnm doceri te sine, manum s ne repeUe: 
uovit quid agat; uou tantum deteteris cure foret, sed toleres quum se¢t, o Chrys. hom. 3. de lnlt. 
• Spez alntis per qnam peccatorez alvantur, Dets ad merieordlam provocatur, lsidor, omnia ligata tu 
olvia, ©ontrita sanaa, confasa lucidu, desperats animas, q Chrys. hom. 5. non fornicatorem abnult, non 
ebrium avertit, non snperbum repeiiit non averatur ldololtram» non adulterum, sed OrnneS |asczDit ' 
ODD.ibl COZDDI1;Ct. 



lem. . Subs. 6.] Cu¢ of Dspair. 727 

yet byrepcntance (saith Chrysologus) they got both zIagisterium et ministerium 
anctitatis, the Magistery of holiness. The prodig.l son went far, but by 
repetance ho came home af lazt. " rThis alone will turn a wolf into 
heep, make a publiean a preaehe; t,u'a a thorn into an olive, makea debauched 
fellow rel igious," a blasphemer sing halleluja, make Alexander the eoppersmith 
truly devout, make a devil a saint. "And him that polluted his mouth with 
ealumnies, lying, swearing, and filthy tunes and tones, te purge his throat with 
divine psalms." lepentanee will effeet prodigious cures, make a stupend 
metamorphosis. «/ hawk came into the ark, and went ou again a hawk 
a lion came in, went out a lion; a bea; a bear; a wolf, a wolf; but ira hawk 
came into this aered temple of repentanee, he will go forth a de,re (saith 
t Chrysostom), a wolf go out a sheep, a llon a lamb. u ïhis gives sight te the 
blind, legs te the lame, cures ail diseases, eonfcrs gmee, expels vice, inserts 
vioEue, comforts and fortifies the seul." Shall I say, let thy sia be what it will, 
de but repent, if is suffieienk x Quem pvenitetpeccâsse pene est innocens. 'Tis 
truc indeed md all-sufficient thiz, they de eonfess, il" they eould repent; but 
thcy are obdurate, they bave eauteried consciences, they are in a reprobate 
sense, they canner think a good thought, they canner hope for grace, pray, 
belicve, repent, or be sorry for their sins, tbey find no grief for sin in them- 
elves, but rather a delight, no groaning of spirit, but are earried headlong te 
their own destruetiot, "heaping wrath te t.hemselees ag'ainst te day of wmth," 
Rem. il. 5. 'Tis a grievous case this I de yield, and yet net te be despaired 
God of his bounty and merey calls ail te repentanee, Rem. ii. 4, thou mayest 
be ealled at length, restored, taken te His graee, as the thief upon the cross, at 
the lt heur, as Mary BI;gdalen and many other sinners bave been, that were 
buried it sin. "God (saith YFulgentius) is delighted in the conversion of a 
siuner, he sers no tlme; prolixtas temporis Deo wn prwjudicat, aut graviras 
pecc«ti, deferring of rime or grievousness of sin, de net prejudicate his graee, 
things past and te eome are ail one te Him, as present :" ' tis never too late te 
lpent. "ZThis heaven of repentanee is still open for ail distressed eouls;" 
and howsoever as yet no signs appear, thou mayest repent in good titae, l-f car 
a comfortable speech of St. Austin, "aWhatsoever tlaou shalt de, how great 
sinner secret; thou art yet living ; ifGod would net help thee, he wouhl surely 
take thee away; but in sparing thy lire, he gives thee leisure, and invites thee 
te repentante." I-Iowsoever as yet, I say, thou perceivest no ri-uit, no feeling, 
tindest no likelihood of it in thyself, patiently abide the Lord's good leisure, 
deslmir net, or think thouart areprobate; He cme te call sinnera te repantanee, 
Lukc v. 32, of which number thou art one; e came te call thee, and in his 
rime will surely eall thee. And although as yet thou hast no inclination te 
pray, te repent, thy faith be eold and dead, and thou wholly averse frein 
Divine functions, yet it may revlve, as trees are dead in winter, but flotttish 
lu the spSng ! theso vhues may lle hid in thee for the present, yet herffter 
how themselves, and peradventure already bud, howsoever thou dost net per- 
ceive. 'Tis Satan's poliey te plead against, suppress and aggravate, te conceal 
those sparks of faith in thee. Thou dost net believe, thou sayesf, yet thou 
wouhlst believe if thou eouldst, 'tis thy desire te believe; then pray, "Lord 
he|p naine unbelief;" and hereafter tlaou shalt certainly believe: ¢ JDabitur 
sitienti, it shai1 be given te him that thirsteth. Thou canst not.yet repent, 



728 .ReliiJua M l«eho'.y. [Part. 3. c. 4. 

here=fter thou shalt ; a black cloud of sin as yet obnubilates thysoul, tert-ifithy 
conscience, but this eloud ma)- conceive a rainbow st the last, and be quite dis- 
ip:tted by repentance. Be ofgood eheer; a ehild ia rational in power, 
aet ; and .o art thon penitent in affection, though net yet in action. 'Tis thy 
dœeirœe te please God, te be heartily sorry; comfort thyself, no rime is overpat, 
'ris never too late. A de, ire te repent is repentaace itseff, thongh net in nature, 
yet in God's acceptance ; a willing mind is sufllcient. "Blessed are they that 
hunger and thirst afçer righteousness," Iatt. v. 6. te that is destitute of God'a 
grace, and wisheth for it, shall hase if. "The Lord (saith David, lsal, x. 17) 
vill heat- the desit of the poor," that is, such as are in distress of body and 
nfind. 'Tis truc thou canst net as yet grleve for thy aih, ¢hou hast no feeling 
of fa- ith, I yield ; yet eanst thon grieve thou dost net grieve It tx)ubles thee, 
I ara sure, thine heart should be se impenitent and hard, thou wouldst hase if 
ctherwise ; 'ris thy desire te grieve, te repent, and te believe. Thou lovest 
God's children and saints in the meantime, hatest them net, persecutest them 
net, but ther wishest thyself a true professer, te be as they are, as thon 
thyself hast been heretofore; which is an evident token thou art in no snch 
desperate esse. 'Tis a good sign of thy conversion, thy ins are pardonable, 
thou art, or shalt surely be reconeiled, « The Lord is near them that are of 
a contritœehearte" Lukelv. 18. aAtruedesireofmercyinthewantofmercy, 
is mercy itself; a desire ofgrace in the want of grace, is grace itse]f; a 
tant and earnest desire te believe, repent, and te be reconciled te God, if it 
be in a touched heart, is an acceptation of God, a reconciliation, çaith 
and repentance itself. For it is net thy faith and repentance, as eChrysostom 
truly teacheth, that is available, but God's mercy that is annexed te it, Ho 
accepts the will for the deed: se that I conclude, te fel in ourselves the 
want «,f gmce, and te be grieved for it, is grace itself. I ara troubled with 
ibar my sins are net forgiven, Careless objects: but Bradford answers 
thcy are ; "For God bath given thee a penitent and believing hea%, thàt 
is, a heart vhich deireth te repent and believe; for such an one is taken 
.f him (He accepting the will for the deed) for a truly penitent and believing 
hem't. 
Ail this is truc, thou repllest, but yet if coucerns net thee, 'ris verified in 
ordinary offenders, in common sins, but thine are of a higher strain; even 
against the toly Ghost hhnself, irremissiblœe sins, sins of the first magnitude, 
w»itten with a pen of iron, engraven with a point of a diamond. Thou 
worse than a pagan, infidel, Jew, or Turk, for thou art an apostate and more, 
thou hast voluntarily blasphemed, renounced God and all relion, thou 
worse than Judas himself, or they that crucified Christ : for they did off'end out 
of i-morance, but thou hast thought in thine heart there is no God. Thou has$ 
given thy seul te the devil, as witches and conjurors de, exlMciè and implicitè, 
by compact, band and obligation (a desperate, a fearful case), te satisfy thy 
lust, or te be revenged of thine enemies, thou didst never pray, corne te chureh, 
hear, rend, er de any divine duties with auy devotion, but for formality and 
fashion'-sake, with a ]ind of reluctance, 'twas troublesome and painful te thee 
te perform any such thing, proeter voluntatem , s gainst thy will. Thou never 
mad'st any conscience of lying, swearing, bearing false witness, mnrder, adul- 
tery, bribery, oppression, theft, drur.kenness, idolatry, but hast ever done all 
dutie. for fear of punishment as they were most advantageous, and te thine 
own ends, and committed all such notorious ins with an extraordinary delight, 
hating that thou shouldest love, and loving that thou shouldest hate. Instead 
of aith, fear and love of God, repentance, &c., blaphemous thoughts hase 
been ever harboured in his mind, even against God himseff, the blessed Trinity 

 Aterr.ethy, Yerkin # -on et pœenitetia, sed Dei lsericordia annexa 



]Iem. 2. Sub. 6.J C're of Dcspar. 729 
the rScripture false, rude, harsh, imrnethodica]: heaven, hell, re.urrection, 
rnere toys and fables, s i,credible, impossible, absurd, vain, fil contrived 
religion, policy, and human invention, to keep rnen in obedience, or for profit, 
invented by priets and law-givers to tbat purpoe. If there be any such 
suprerne power, ho takes no notice of our doings, hears hot our prayers, 
-gardeth thern not, will not, cannot he]p, or else ho is partial, an excepte:" of 
persons, author of sin, a cruel, a destxmctive God, to create our sou]s, and 
de»tinate thern to eterna] damnation, to rnake us worse tban out dogs and 
horses, wby doth ho hot govern things botter, protect good rnen, root out 
wicked livers why do they prosper and flourish as she raved in the 
h tragedyloellice & coelum tenent, there they shine, çuasue terseus auçeas 
• tella» habet, where is his providencei how appears itl 
Pomponiu nullo, 
Why doth ho surfer Turks to overcorne Christians, the enerny to triurnph over 
hls church, paganm to dornineer in ail places as it doth, heresies to rnultiply, 
such enormitiea to be cornrnitted, and so many such bloody war% rnurders, 
massacres, plagues, ferai diseaea why doth ho not rnake us ail good, able, 
sound why rnakes ho kvenomoua creatures, rocks, sands, deserts, this earth 
itself the rnuck-hi11 of the world, a prison, a bouse of correction; fentinur 
cegnare Jovem, &c., with rnany such horrible and execrable conceits, hot t to 
be uttered; Te'ribilia de ride, Aorribi[ia de Divinitat¢. They cannot sorne of 
thern but think evil, they are cornpelled vo'ntes «o/en[e, to blapherne, 
especia]ly when they corne to church and pray, read, &c., such U] and prodi- 
gious suggestions corne into their hearts. 
Thee are abominable, unspeakable offences, and rnost opposite to God, ten- 
[a[ionesfoede et zpioe, yet in this case, ho or they that shall be ternpted and 
so affected, rnust knw, that no man living is free from such thoughts in part, 
or at sorne times, the rnost divine spirits bave been so ternpted in sorne sort, 
evi] custorn, omission of holy cxercises, iii cornpany, idleness, solitariness, 
rnelncho]y, or depraved nature, and the devil is still ready to corrupt, trouble, 
and divert out sou]s, to suggest such blaphernous thoughts into our fantaies, 
ungodly, profane, rnonstrous and wicked conceits: If they corne frorn Satan, 
they are more speedy, fcarful and violent, the parties cannot avoid thern : they 
axe more frequent, I say, and rnonst»ous when they corne; for the devi] ho is 
a spirit, and bath means and opportunities to rniugle hirnself with out spirits, 
and sornetirnes more sli]y, sornetimes more abruptly and openly, to suggest such 
devilish thoughts into our hearts; ho insu]ts and dornineers in rnelancholy dis- 
ternpered fantasiea and persons especially; rnelancholy is baleum dia3oli, as 
Serapio holds, t.he deviPs bath, and invites hirn to corne to it As a sick man 
frets, raves in his tïts, speaks and doth ho knows hot what, the devil violently 
cornpel such crazed souls to think such damned thoughts against their will, 
they canuot but do it 
advantage, as the subject is less able to resist, ho aggravates, extenuates, 
aoErms, denies, darnns, confounds the spirits, troubles heart, brin, humours, 
organs, sentes, and wholly dornineers in their irnaginations. If they proceed 
from thernselvea, such thoughts, they are rerniss and rnoderate, hot so violent 
and rnonstrous, hot so frequent. The devil cornrnonly suggests things oppoite 
to nature, opposite to God and his word, impious, absurd, such as a man would 
never of himse or could hot coceive, they strike terror and horror into the 

t œecfllus Mlnut Io -" Omnls Ists £gments msle .snoe rellgl°nis' et bepts s°ltls ' p°etls Invents' tel sb sI Hs 
C ..... "'os rniteri-- &c. g Thee ternptatio and objections are well answered in 
ob commoaUm, s.u.p.r.t ..... -  c ..... I" IAcinu lie in s marble tomb, lmt Csto in s mean 
Johil Downanl's Cllmtlan wsrr©. - u.. 
one ; Pomponlu h none, who ean think therefore thst there are gods " k Vid. Campanell[ ¢sp. 6. 
Athels. triumphst, et c. 2. ad srgumentum 12 ubi piurs. -i [ l c ua bonus» unde lulu ,c. Luc n 
« It can't bc truc that Just Jove rciua" 



730 ldi#ious 2ffdancol 9. [Part. 3. Sec. 4. 

l,rties' own heurts. For if he or they be asked whether they de approve of 
uch ]ike thoughts or no, they answer (and their own seuls truly dictate as 
ranch) they abhor them as hell and the devil himself, they would fain think 
otherwise if they could ; he hath thought otherwise, and with ail his seul 
desires so to think ag.tin ; he doth resist, and hath some good motions inter- 
mixed now and then : so that sueh blasphemoua, impious, uneleatt thoughts, 
are not lais own, but the devil's; they proeeed not from him, but from a erazed 
phantasy, ditempered humours, black fumes whieh offend his brain: m they 
.'tre thy erosses, the devil's sins, and he shail answer for them, he doth enforce 
thee to do that whieh thou dost abhor, and didst never give consent to: and 
«dthough he bath sometimes so slily set upon thee, and so far prevailed, as to 
make thee in some sort to azsent to such wicked tbouhts, to delight in, yet 
they bave hot proceeded from a confirmed will in thee, but are of that naturo 
which thou dost afterwards rejeet and abhor. Therefore be hot ovemuch 
troubled and dismayed with sueh kiad of suggestions, at least if they pleaze 
thee not because they are not thy personal sins, for whieh thou 8halt lueur the 
wrath of God, or his displeasure: eontemn, negleet them, let them go as they 
corne, 8trive not too vlolently, or trouble thyself too mueh, but as out Saviour 
said to Satan in like case, say thou, avoid 8atan, I detest thee and them. 
S«anoe est mala inçerere (saith Austin) nostrum non consentire: as Satan 
labout to 8uggest, so must we strive not to givo consent, and if will be suflî- 
tient : the more anxious and solieitous thou art, the more perl,lexed , the more 
thou shalt otherwise be troubled, and entangled. ]3esides, they must know 
this, all so molested, and distemlred, that although these be most exeerable 
and gcie¢ous sins, they are pardonable yet, through God's mercy and goodness, 
they may be forgiven, if they be penitent and sorry for them. lau himself 
coufesseth, Rom. vii. 19. " He did hot the good he would do, but the evil 
which he would not do; 'ris not I, but sin that dwelleth in me." 'Tis not 
thon, but Satan's sugge»tions, lais craft and subtlety, lais malice: eomfort thy- 
self then if thou be penitent and grie¢ed, or desirous to be so, these heinotm 
sins 8hall not be laid to thy charge; God's merey is above ail sins, whieh if 
thou do hot finally contemn, without doubç thou shalt ho saved. " 
man sins against the Itoly Ghost, but he tht xvilfully and finaily renouneeth 
Christ, and contemneth him and hiz word to the last, without which there 
no sal«-ation, ri'oto whieh grievoua zin, God of his intlnito merey deliver 
n" Take hold of this to be thy eomfort, and meditate withal on God'a 
word, labour to pray, to repent, to be renewed in mind, " keep thine heart 
with ail diligence," Prov. iv. 23. resLst the devil, and he will fly ïrom 
thee, pour out thy soul unto the Lord with sorrowful ]:Iannah, " pray 
continually," as laul evjoias, and as 
law day and night." 
Yca, but this meditatlon is that mars ail, and mistakeu makes many men 
far worse, mizconceiving ail they read or hear, te their own overthrow; the 
more they search and read 8criptures, or divine treatises, the more they 
przzle themselves, as a bird in a net, the more they are entangled and preci- 
l,itated into this preposterous gulf: "/Iany are called, but few are chosen," 
Matt. xx. 16. and vxii. 14. with such like places of Scripture mlsinterpreted 
strike them with horror, they doubt presently whether they ho ofthls number 
or no: God's eternal decree of predestination, absolute reprobation, and such 
fatal tables, they ferre te their ow-a ruin,and impinge upon this rock ofdespair. 
tIow shall they be assured of their salvation, by what signsi « Ifthe righteotm 
searcely be saved, where shall the ungodly and sinnersappearl" 1 let. iv. 18. 

m Perklns. n llcmlnglus. N'erno peecat In Splrltnrn $ancturn nlsl qul flnslltoE et voluntlerun¢iag 
Chrium, eumque et ejus verbam eatreme contei e qua n sslus; a quo 9e -cato b¢t n D 
s J Çhrlstt. Amen. 



,l'em. 2. Subs. 6.J Cure of 

Vho knows, saith Solomon, whether he be elect ? This grlnds their souls, 
how shall they diseern they a hot probat.es I But I say again, how shall 
they discerd they are  From the devil caax be no eertainty, for he is a liar 
from the beginning; if he sugge.ats any such thing, as too frequently he doth, 
rejeet him as a deeeiver, an enemyof human kind, dispute hot with him, givo 
no eredit to him, obstinately refuse him, as St. Anthony did in the wilderness, 
whom the devil set upon in several shapes, or as the collier did, so do thou by 
him. For when the devil tempted him with the weaknes of his fith, and 
told him he eould hot be saved, as being ignorant in the prineiples of relion, 
and urd him moreover to know what he believed, what he thought of sueh 
and such points and mysteries; the collier told him, he believed as the chureh 
did ; but what (said the devil again) doth the ehureh believel as I do (said the 
collier); and what's that thou believest; as the ehurch doth, &c., when the 
devil could get no other answer he hft him. If 8atan sumrnon thee to answer, 
send him to Christ; he is thy liberty, thy protector agaànst erud death, raging 
fin, that roafing lion; he i thy righteousness, thy 8aviour, and thy life. 
Though he say, thou art hot of the numberof tho eleet, a reprobate, torsaken 
of God, hold thine own still, tJe rattrus aheneus esto, "/et thh be as a bub¢ark, 
a brazen wail to defend thee," stay thyselï in that eertainty of fith; let tha 
be thy comfort, Christ will proteet thee, vindicate thee, thou art one of his 
floek, he will triumph over the law, vanquish death, overeome the devil, and 
destroy helL Ifhe sav thou art none of the eleet, no believer, rejeet him, dofy 
him, thou hast thouffht otherwise, and mayest so be resolved again; eomfort 
thyself; this persuasion cannot corne from the devil, and much less ean it be 
grounded from thyselïl men a liars, and why shouldest thou distrust I A 
denying Peter, a perseeutlng Paul, an adulterous erud David, bave been re- 
ceived ; an apostate Solomon may be eonverted; no sin at ail but impeniteney, 
tan give testimony of final reprobation. Why 8houldest thou then distrast, 
misdoubt thyself, upon what ground, what suspieionl This opinion alone of 
particularity? Against that, and for the certainty of eleetion and salvation on 
the other side, sec God's good will toward men, hear how generally his graeo 
is proposed, to him, and him, and them, eaeh man in particular, and to ail 
1 Tire. il. 4. " God will that al1 men be saved, and eomc to the knowledge of 
the trath." 'Tis a universal promise, "God sent hot his son into the world to 
eondemn the world, but that through him the world might be saved." John 
iii. 17. "]e that aeknowhdgeth himself a man in the world, must likewise 
acknowledge he is of that number that is to be savecL" Ezek. xxxiii. 11. "I 
will hot the death of a sinner, but that he repent andlive:" But thou art a 
sinner; therefore he will hot thy death. "Thiz is the will of him that sent 
me, that every man that beLieveth in the Son, should bave everlasting lire.'" 
John vL 40. "He would bave no man perish, but ail eome to repentanee," 
2 Pet. iii. 9. 13esides, revaission of sins is to be preaehed, hot to a few, but 
universally to al1 men, "Go therefore and tel1 ail nations, baptising thcm," 
&e. att. xxviiL 19. "Go hato ail the world, and preach the Gospel fo every 
creature," Iark xvi. 15. lgow there eannot be contradietory wills in God, 
he will have ail saved, and hot ail, how tan this stand together  be seeuro 
then, believe, trust in him, hopo well and be savecL Yea, that's the main 
matter, how shall I believe or dizeern my seeurity from carnal presumplioni 
my faith is weak and faint, I want those simas and fiits of sanctification, 
 sorrow for aih, thirsting for grace, groaning- of the sp/rit, love of Christians 
as Christians, avoiding occasion of aih, endeavour of ne¢ obedience, charity, 
love of God, peeveranco. Though these signs be languishing in thee, and 
hot seated in thine hearlb thou must hot therefore be dejeeted or territied; 

 Abenehy. 



732 Eeligiou» 3l«lancltoly. [Part. 3. Sec. 4. 

'.ho effects of the faith and spirit are net yet se fully felt in thee ; conclu,le 
aot therefore thou art a reprobate, or doubt of thine electio, because the 
elect themselves are without them, bcfore thcir conversion. Thow mayest in 
the Lord's good time be eonverted; seine are cal]ed at the elcventh heur. 
Use, I say, the means of thy conversion, exl3ect the Lord's lei.ure, if net yet 
called, pray thou mayest be, or af least wish and desire thou mayest be. 
Notwithstanding ail this which might be said te this effect, te eae their 
affiicted minds, what comfort our best divines can afford in this cse, Zan- 
china, Beza, &c. This furious curiosity, needless speculation, fi-uitless medita- 
tion about election, reprobation, free will, grace, such places of Scripture pre- 
posterously conceived, torment still, and crucify the seuls of too many, and set 
ail the word together by the ears. Te avoid which inconveniences, and te settle 
their distressed minds, te mitigate those divine aphorisms (though in another 
extreme seine), our late Arminians bave revived that plausible doctrine of 
universal grace, which many fathers, our late Lutheran and modern papists de 
still maintain, that we bave free will of ourselves, and that gmce is common 
te all that will believe. Seine again, though less orthodoxal, will have a far 
greater part eaved than ehall be damned, (as q CoeliusSecundus stiffiy maintains 
i his book, D« amplitudin reni coe[ests, or some impostor tmder his name,) 
beatorum umerus mul major quàm damnatorum, ri=le calls that other tenet 
ofspecial "eelection and reprobation, a prejudicate, envious and malicious opi- 
nion, apt te di-aw al| men te desperation- ]Iany are ca|led, few chosen," &c. 
Ho opposeth seine opposite parts of Scripture te it, "Christ came into the world 
te save sinuers," &c. And four especial arguments he produceth, one frein 
God's power. If more be damned than saved, ho erroneously concludes, t the 
devil bath the greater sovereiguty! »r what is power but te protect and 
majesty consists in multitude. "If the devil bave the greater part, where is 
his mercy, where is his power  how is ho/)eus Op$Snus Madmus, misericors  
&c., where is his greatness, where his goodness" Ho proceeds, "UWe account 
him a murderer that is accessary only, or doth nothelp when ho can; which 
may net be supposed of God without great offence, because ho may de what 
ho will, and is otherwise accessary, and the author of sire The nature ofgood 
is te be communicated, God is good, and will net then be contracted in his 
goodness: for how is ho the fther of mercy and comfort, if his good concem 
but a few O envious and uuthankful men te think otherwise ! x Why should 
we pray te God that are Gentiles, and thank him for his mercies and benefits, 
that bas damned us all innocuous for Adam's offence, one man's offence, one 
small offence, eating of an apple  why should we acknowledge him for out 
goveraor that bath wholly neglected the salvation of out seuls, contemned 
us, and sent no prophets or in-tructors te teach us, as he bath done te the 
Hebrews" Se Julian the apostate objects. Why should these Ch%tians 
(Coelius urgeth) reject us and appropriate God unto themselves, Deum ilum 
uum unicum, &c. But te retu-a te out forged Coelius. At last ho cornes te 
that, ho will bave those saved that noyer heard ot or believed in Christ, e 
puris naSuralibus, with the Pelaans, and proves it out of Origen and others. 
"They (saith y Origen) that noyer heard God's word, are te be excused for 
their ignorance; we may net think God will be se hard, angry, cruel or unjust 
as te condemn any man indictâ causd. They alone (ho holds) are in the state 

q Sec wlm]e book. of these srgurnents, r Llb. 3. fol. 122. u$a oplnlo, Ind m et apta 
ad ImpeDendos animos  dperationem, s See the tldote  Chamies tom. 3. bb. 7. Down's 
C ¥e, OE t Potentior t Deo sbol  mun pcep et  mfiuoene homln  
t m. u Homl q non eubvenlt quum petit ; hoc de Deo Ine scere ¢otl non pot 
uote qu quod lt Bt. Boni naa mmunicarl. Bon De quomodo mirdi pater, &c. 
x Vide fll llb. 4. ve Jan : q poter flB gratl agoee q nobh non mlt Mon et 
prophe,  ntpsit bona animam nosam. Y Veuia nda est lJs q vert audi oh loran_ 
. on est m iuiqu Judex » Ut quq c a e vt.  l dte 
q Ob Chti ati rici;. 



lIcm. 2. Subs. 6.] Cure of Despair. 733 
of damnation that refuse Christ's mercy and grace, when if is offere«l. ]Iany 
wo%hy Greeks and Romans, good moral honest men, that kept the law of 
rature, did to others as they would be done to themselves, as certainly saved, 
]Je concludes, as they were that lived uprightly belote the law of Moses. They 
were acceptable in God's eight, as Job was, the hlagi, the queen of Sheba, 
])anus of Persia, Socrates, .Aristide% Cato, Ctarius, Tuily, Seneca, and many 
other philosophers, upright livers, no marrer of what religion, as Cornelius, out 
of any nation, so that he lire honestly, call on God, trust in him, fear him, he 
hall be saved. This opinion was formerly malntained by the Valentinian and 
llasiledian heretics, revived of late in z Turkcy, ofwhat sect Rustan tassa was 
patron, defended by a Galeatius b Erasmus, by Zuinglins in exlsit..fidei ad 
Regem Gallioe, whose tenet Builinger vindicates, and Gualter approves in a 
just apology with many arguments. There be many Jesuits that follow these 
Calvinists in this behalf, Franciscus Buchsius lIoguntinus, Andradius, Consil. 
Trident. many schoolmen that out of the Romans i. 18, 19. are verily per- 
euaded that those good works of the Gentiles did eo far please God, that they 
might vitam oeternam promereri, and be saved in the en& Sesellius, and 
]lenedicts Justinianus in lais comment on the tiret of the lomans, hIathias 
])itmarsh the polititian, with many others, hold a mediocrity, they may be 
sainte non indigni but they will hot absolutely decree it. Hofmannus, a 
Lutheran professor of l=[elmstad, and many of his followers, with most of out 
church, and papists are stiffagainst it. Franciscus Coilins hath fidly censured 
all opinions in his Five Books, de Faganorum aninabus post raortera, and 
amply dilated this question, which whoso will may peruse. But fo return to 
my author, his conclusion s, that hot only wicked livers, blasphemers, repro- 
bates, and such as reject God's grace, '" but that the devils themselves shall be 
saved at lest," as Origen himsefflong since delivered in his works, and c, ur late 
« Socinians defend, Ostorodias, cap. 41. institut. Smaltius, &c. Those terres 
ofall and for ever in Scripture, are not eternal, but only denote a longer rime, 
which by many examples they prove. The world shall end like a comedy, and 
we shall meet et lest in heaven, and lire in bliss altogether, or else in con- 
clusion, in nihil evanescere. For how can he be merciful that sha]i condemn 
any creature fo eternal unspeakable punishment, for one small temporary fault, 
all posterity, so many myriads for one and another man's offence, quid rncru- 
istis oves ? ]ut these absurd paradoxes are exploded by our church, 'e teach 
otherwise. That this vocation, predestination, election, rcprobation, non ex 
corruptâ nass, proevia fe, as out Arminlans, or ex proevii operibus, as our 
Papists» non ex proeteritione, but God's absolute decree ante rnundum creatum 
(as many of out church hold), 'as from the beginning, before the foundation of 
the world was laid, or horno conditus, (or from Adam's fall, as others will, homo 
lapsu objectum est r eprobationis) with perseverantia sanctoum, we mustbe cer- 
tain of out salvation, we may çall but hot finally, which our Arminians will 
adroit. According fo his immutal,le, eternaljust decree and counsel ofsaviog 
men and angels, God cal]s ail, and would bave all to be saved according fo the 
efficacy of vocation : all are invited, but only the elec apprehended : the rest 
that are unbelieving, impenitent, whom God in his just judgment leaves to be 
l,unished for their eins, are in a reprobate ense; yet we must hot determine 
who are such, condemn ourselves or others, because we bave a universal invi- 
tation ; ail are commanded o believe, and we know hot how soon or how 
out end may be reeeived. I might bave said more of this subject; but foras- 
much as it is a forbidden question, and in the preface or declaration to tho 
articles of the church, printed 1633, fo avoid factions and altcrcations, we that 

• Bubequ|uœ, Lon|cerU, Turc. hlst. To. I. I. . • Clem. Alex. b Paulu Jovlus, E|og. vil'. Illtk 
on homin¢* aed et ipt dxmone aliqu•ndo servandL d Vid. Pelsii Harmoniam, art. 2'. p. 2. 



73t RelOious Iarelanchl. [Part. 3. Seo. 4. 

are univerity divine especlally, are prohibited « ail curlous serch, fo pat or 
preh, or aw the aicle ide by out own sen and commenupon p of 
ecclitil censure." I 11 surcse, and conclude with « Ermus of sueh 
controversi: Puçnet qui volet, ego censeo leg majorum fermenter 
d, et re[içsk obsvandas, l, tt à  prctas; ec se tutam, ec esse 
pium,  potestate publicd sintram cpe aut serere suspidom. Et 
siq,tM est tyrani», quod tamen non co9at  impietem, satius estrre, 
quàm seditiosè reluctari. 
But to my former task. The lst mMn touoe and tronble ofa distressed 
mind,  noç so much çhis doubt ofelection, and that the promis oface are 
smothered and extinct in th«m, nay qui blotted ouç, as they suppose, but 
thal Goffs he, wrath, a most inlerble 
them  ço çhe thinking they are aeady damned, they surfer the pains of hell, 
and more than possibly van be expressed, they smell bfimstone, talk faily 
'ith d«v, hear d sec chimera, pdigio, uncouth shas, ars, owls, 
ançiques, black dogs, fiends, hideons outcries, feaul noise, sie, lamentable 
eomplats, they are posed, r and through impatience they rr and how 
eurse, blpheme, deny God, eall his power  questio abjure mon, and ar 
till ready  offer violence to themlv, by hanng, droing, &c. ever 
any merable etch from the beginning of th« world was in uch a oefid 
e:e. To such peinons I oppose God's mercy and 
oe«ulta, non injusta: his cret coul andjust judgment, by which he sp'es 
some, and sore affiicts othem aga  this life ; his judgment  to be adored, 
trembled at, no to b« searched or inquired after by moal men: he bath 
rœens reserved fo himself, which our frailç7 oennnot apprehen& He may 
punish all ff he wifi, and that july for sin ;  tt he doth it in some, is to 
mak« a way for s mercy that they repent and be saved, fo heal them, to t 
them, exercise their patience, and make them OEil upon him, fo confs their 
s and pmy unto him, as David did, Psalm cxix. 137. "Righteous ax% thou, 
O Lor and jt are thy judgments."  the pr pubis, Luke xviii. 13. 
« Lord v« mercy upoa me a miserable sner." To put confidence und hav 
an m«sured hope in m,  Job had, ii. 15. Though he 
in him :"Ure, seea, ocdde, 0 Domi (saith Atin), modo serres anlmam, 
kil  in piec, bu my body (O Lord) to v« my so. A sma 
sics; one lh of affliction, a ttle m, many tim wffi more humi- 
liat a man, sooner convert, bring m home o know himseff, tn all 
those paroenetical discourses, the whole theory of philophy, law, physic, and 
divinity, or a world of sn and examples. So that this, which they 
 b such an upportabl plague, is an edent si o G's mercy and 
jstice, of H love and goodness: periis$ent ntsi perisent, had they hot thus 
been undone, they had finally been undone. [any a canal maa is lued 
asleep  perveme security, lbolh presumption, is stupefied in his ss, aad 
hath no feeg at ail of them  "I have sinned (he th) and wha evil shall " 
oeme unto me," cl. v. 4, and"T, how shafi God know it" and so in 
a repmbte sense gs do to he But here, Cynthius aurem veit, 
pulls them by the ear, by aion, he wffi bfing them to heaven and happiness 
"Bls are they hat mou, for they shall be oemfod," 
bled and a happy ste ff considered aright, 
 good for me that I bave been affiicted," sa£ ex. "fore I w affiie 

• Eplst. Erssm! de tl]Itate coHcqIcr, ad ]eCtoremLet whoever w}shes dispute. ! thlnk the ]aws of out 
forfathers shculd be received with reverence, sud religiovly cbserved, ms coraing 'orn God ; either is it 
.«fe or pions to eonceive, or contrve, an injnrious 
tyranny, likely to drive meu into the commission of wickedness, exist, It ls better to endure it than to resist 
|t by seditiou, f Vastat couscientia eqnitu sensus 
imirnoe grueiat, &c, 



lfern. 2. Subs. G.] C're of Despair. 735 
I went astray, but now I keep Thy word." « Tribulation works patience, 
patience hope," Rom. v. 4, and by such like crosses and calamities we are 
driven from the stake of security. So that affliction is a school or academy, 
wherein the best scho]ars are prepared fo the commencements of the Deity. 
And though if be most troublesome and grievous for the time, yet know this, 
if cornes by God's permission and providence; He is a spectator oftby groans 
and tears, still present with thee, the very hairs of thy head are numbered, hot 
one of them can fall to the gTound without the express will ifGod: he wi]l no 
surfer thee to be tempted above measure, he corrects us ail, gniRero, 
ci aen.s«râ, the Lord will hot queneh the smoking flax, or break the bruised 
reed, Tentat (saith Austin), non ut oruat, se«I t coroet, he suffers thee to be 
tempted for thy good. _And as a mother doth handle her child slck and weak, 
hot reject if, but with all tendcrness obse,ee and keep it, so doth God by us, 
hot forsake us in out miseries, or reliuquish us for out imperfections, but with 
all piety and compassion support and receive us; whom he loves, he loves to 
the en& lom. viii. "Whom He hath elected, those He hath called, justified, 
sanctified and glorified." Think hot then thou hast lost the Spirit, that thou 
art forsakeu of God, be hot overcome with heaviness of hea, but as David 
sa/d, « I will hot fear though I walk in the shadows ofdeath." Ve must 
go, non à ddiciis ad ddicias, but from the cross to the crown, bv bell to 
heaven, as the old lomans put ¥irtue's temple in the way to that of Ionour : 
we must endure sorrow and misery in this lire. 'Tis no new thing this, God's 
best servants and dearest children have been so visited and tried. Christ in 
the garden cried out, "][y God, my God, why hast thou forsaken rueZ" His 
Son by nature, as thon art by adoption and grace. Job, in his anuish, said, 
« The arrows of the __Imighty God were in him," Job ri. 4. « IIis terrors 
fought against him, the venim drak up his spirit," cap. xiii. 26. He saith, 
"God was his enemy, writ bitter things agaist him (xvi. 9,) hated him." 
henry wrath had so seized ou his souL David complains, "hLs eycs were 
eaten up, sunk into his head." Fs. ri. 7, « his moisture became as the dmught 
in summer, his flesh was consumed, his bones vexed ;" yet neither Job nor 
David did finally despair. Job would hot leave his hold, but still trust in Him, 
acknowledging Him fo be his good God. The Lord ives, the Lord takes, 
blessed be the naine of the Lord," Job L 21. "Behold I ara vile, 1 abhor 
myself, repent in dust and ashes," Job xxxix. 37. David humbled himse]f; 
Psal. xxxi. and npon his confession received mercy. Falth, hope, repentance, 
are the sovereign cures and remedies, the sole comforts in thls case; confess, 
humble thyselî, repent, if is sufficient. (uodpurpura non potest, saccs potest, 
saith ChTsostom; the king of Nineveh's sackcloth and ashes.did that hich 
his purple robes and crown could hOt effect; Quoddiadema non potuR, 
perfeclt. Turn to tim, he will tuna fo thee ; the Lord is near those that are 
of a contrite henri, and will save such as be afflicted in splrit, lsal, xxxiv. 15. 
« He came to the lost sheep of Israel," ]Iatt. xv. 14. ,.çz cade?em intuetur, 
clementloe manum protendit, He is at all rimes ready to assst. Nuquam 
• pernit ])eu loenitentiam, si Mneerè et Mmpliciter offeratur, tte never rejects 
a penitent sinner, though he bave corne to the full height of iniquity, wallowed 
and delighted in sin; yet ifhe will forsake hisformerways, libenter arnplexatur, 
He will receive him. Parcarn huic homini, saith iAustin (ex persona Dei), 
quia 'ibl ipsi non peperci$ ; ignoscam quia peccatum agnovit. I will spare him 
because he hath hot spared himself; I wfll pardon him because he doth acknow- 
ledge his offence: let it be never so enormous a sin, "His grace is sufficient," 
2 Cor. xii. 9. Despair not then, faint hot at all, be hot dejected, but rely on 

• Auetin. I « ]ot from pl¢aure to pleasure." 
tus couversUS t ad peccatum suum puniendum. 

Super Feal. Iii. Couvertar d libersndum eum 



736 eliiou «]«la«clwl#. [Part. 3. Sec. 4. 

God, call on hlm in thy trouble, and he will hear thee, he will assist, help, and 
deliver thee : "Draw near to lïHm, he will draw near to thee,  James iv. 8. 
Lasarus vas poor and full of boih, and yet still he relied pon God, Abraham 
did hope beyond hope. 
Thon exceptest, these were chief men, divine spirits, Deo carf, beloved of 
God, espeeiallyrespeeted; but I ara a eontemptible and forlorn wreteh, forsaken 
of God, and left to the mereiless fury of evil spirits. I cannot hope, pray, 
eepent, &c. ]-Iow often shall I say it? thou mayest perform ail these duties, 
Christian offices, and be restored in good time. A siek man loseth his appe- 
tite, strength and ability, his disease prevai]eth so far, that all his faculties are 
spent, hand and foot perform hot their duties, his eyes are dira, hearing dull, 
tongue distastes things of pleaant retish, yet nature lies hid, recovereth again, 
and expelleth all those feculent matters by rotait, sweat, or some sueh like 
evacuations. Thou art spiritually siek, thine henri is heavy, thy mind dis- 
tressed, thon mayest happily recover again, expel those disma] passions offear 
and grief; God did hot surfer thee tobe tempted above measure: whom he 
loves (I say) he loves to the end; hope the best. I)avid in Iris misery prayed 
to the Lord, remembering how he had formerly delt with him; and with that 
meditation of God's mercy confined his faith, and pacified hisown tumultuous 
heart in his greatest agony. "0 my soul, why art thou so disquieted within 
]ne," &c. Thy soul is eclipsed for a time, I yield, as the sun is shadowed by 
a cloud ; no doubt but those gracie, us beams of God's mercy will shine upon 
thee again, as they bave formerly done: those embers of faith, hope, and 
repentance, now buried in ashes, will flame out afresh, and be i.tlly revived. 
Vant of ïaith, no feeling of grace for the present, are hot fit directions; we 
raust lire by faith, hot by feeling; 'ris the beginning of grace fo wish for 
grace: we must expect and tarry. I)avid, a man after God's own heart, was 
so troubled himself: "Awake, why sleepest thon? O Lord, arise, cast me hot 
off; wherefure hidest thou thy face, and forgettest mine affliction and oppres- 
sion? Iy sou| is bewed down to the dust. Arise, redeem us," &c., Ps. xliv. 23. 
I-Ie prayed long before he was beard, exloectans expectavit; endured mach before 
he was relieved. Psal. lxix. 3, he complains, "I ara weary of crying, and my 
throat is d T, mi ne eyes rail, whilst I -a i t on the Lord;" and yet he persevere 
13e hot dismayed, thon shalt be respected at last. God often works by contra- 
rieties, he first kills and then makes alive, he woundeth first and then healeth, 
he makes man sow in tears that he may reap in joy; 'ris God's method : he 
that is so visited, rnus with patience endure and test satisfied for the present. 
The paschal la]nb was eaten with sour herbs; we shall feel no sweetness of 
ltis blood, till we first feel the smart of out sin Thy pains are great, intoler- 
able for the rime; thou art destitute of grace and comfort, stay the Lord's 
lcisure, he will hot (I say) surfer thee to be te]ni)ted above that thon art able ta 
bear, 1 Cor. x. 1. but will give an issue to temptatiom :He works al] for 
the best to them that love God, P, om. viii. 28. Doubt hot ofthine election, itis 
an immutuble decree; a mark never to be defaced: you bave been otherwi.e, 
you may and shall be. And for your present affliction, hope the best, if wi]t 
shortly end. "Ite is present with gis servants in their affliction," ls. xci. 15. 
"Great are the troubles of the righteous, but the Lord delivereth them out 
of all," ls. xxxiv. 19. "Our light affliction, which is but for a moment, 
worketh in us an eternal weight of glory," 2 Cor. iv. 17. "lgot answerable 
to that glory which is to corne; though now in heaviness," saith 1 let. i. 6, 
"you shall rejoice." 
lgow last of ail to those external impediments, terrible objects, which they 
hear and see many rimes, devils, bugbears, and mormeluches, noisome smells, 
&c. These may comc, as I bave formerly declared in my precedent discol]rse 
of the Symptoms of Ielancholy, from inward causes; as a concave glass 



Mem. 2. Subs. 6.] Cure of Despar. 737 
reflects solid bodies, a trou]]ed brain for wt of sleep, nuoEment, avd by 
ron of that ation of spots to wch Herc de Saxo attbut 
symptoms almost, may refle d show proio s,  o va fcar and 
craz phty shasgtand fei  many y w women d cldren 
in the dar sick fo, and fintic for wt of rept and sleep, supse they 
 that they see net: many OE such tecaments may proceed fiera 
natal OE, and a other se may be deluded. Bid,  I ve sMd, 
t humo  Eabn dboli, OEe de's bath, by rson of the distemper of 
humou, and  ma  : he may se possess  ward]y te molese 
,  he d Sa d othe, by God's pension: he  prince of he 
and can raform g into seveml sha, delude a o se for a time, 
but s power  detered, ho may rri us, but net h ; G bath given 
"Hh gels charge over , He a w roundabout his people," Psal. xc£ 
11, 12. There be thosett prescribe physiciu such c 'th God's sttm- 
ment d net fit. The de wor by mediation of humo, and 
dis must have med reme Le Lemus, cap. 57 and 58, ex, re. 
 vit. ep. insti.  very oepio on ts subjt, besides that chier remy of 
codence in God, prayer, hy repentce, &c., ofwhichfor yo oeo aud 
ittctio read Lavater de ecr, par. 3. cap. 5 and 6. Wier 
dæmoum, l. 5. te hiHp Mvo d othe, d tt Chrti mo 
whic _ aul prescribes; hesets do cen et herbs, d prio stones, 
which ve marveousu  profl«ndls doe»oE, te dve away des 
d . fllio pphes, cysotoe, OErbcle%  Quoe mirâ virtute 
po ad mur,stryç, nbos, gs  arcens, s t'elum 
 bdfld. Of herbs, he recko us nnoyal, e, nt, 
peony: Ric Argentée  æstiçi doenun, p. 20. adds, Aon or 
St. Jo wo, peoEata ba, wch by a de ue driv away devfla, 
d is therefore fa doenum: a wch r]ghtly  by their suoEtus, 
fu», expel des thselv, and a deh filmions. Anthony 
% the Emror Auguste,  physicia cap. 6.  Ed, approv of 
beny te this pmvose; k the cients d thoeefore te plant it  chm'chrds, 
beuse if w held te be an holy herb d good agent fl ioa, did 
ce such places it w ,and sanctified tho peonsthat cai itabout 
e Idnfire Mathiolus in Dscw'idem. Othe oemmend accurate mic, 
se Sa w hped by Dad's h. F te be ruade  su rooms where 
spi t, good store of Eghts te be t up, odo, pem, and suffu- 
migatxon,  the angel taught Tobi, of bmsne and tun, tA, 
mrrA, briony roof, with many ch simpl wch Wker hath oellect, 
l. 15.  secretis, cap. 15.  sulphuis dachm«m ua rec in 
aoe u«, u dilutiu: sit sulphur; detur oe9o: m doe  or5i 
(saith Rich. Argent lib. de proes«çils doemonu cap. uit.) Vigetus bath 
a f ger ceipt te t pose, w the id Wecker cites out of Wies. 
 su[pltu, ni, bitumlnis, opac, ga ct, &a y sweet pe 
fumes,  d se my ghts sbod be oe  ch poes, Etus 
vi, Ln voe et m, and Fous Lycet si th use, qd 
boni gii ocue, mi au ;."bee good spirits are we pled 
wit bue evfl abhor tb]" And erefore those old Gentils, psent 
hometa, and Paph bave contu lam bng in thek chiches all 
day and aH ght, Eghts at ne and  their graves; lernoe ar 
auto liqfac £or ny ag  end (ith Lius),  n 
loe; Egh ever g  those vl r, ho maintamed 



738 )?eli9ioua J[eganchog.q. [Part. 3. Sec. 

heretofore, with many such, of which read Tostatus in 2 R. cap. 6, 
43. Thyreus, cap. 7, 8, 62, &c.  c inft, icfi, I»o 
doemon, &% sec more in the Catin wod bave the pay affecd 
wink altogether  such a c, ff he sec aught OEat offends him, or cut the 
with a swo  ch pla they wk and abide 9di im  
terrentur, shoot a pol af them, for beg aëri bodies ( CœeHus Rhodi, 
loE. 1. cap. 29, Teuan, Ogen, se, d many hold), ff stroken, ey 
feel p. apists oemmoy enjo and apply crosses, holy watt, ct 
bds, amets, musiq ringg of becs, for te that end are they consecrad, 
and by them bapted, chacte counteffeit relioe, se many mses, per 
inations, oblatiom, adjuration, and wt not exandr beus à 
oeh ets Thyreus, and Hienm en, wkh many other pontl 
rite, preoeribe and set down veraI ferres of exorcms, m weH  hous 
possed th devfis,  te demoacal peom; but I ara of Lem's 
mind, 'ris but damsa adjurat, aut poti ludt, a mere mke, a 
cogeffeig charm, fo no pro-pose, they are fopries and fictiom, as that ahsurd 
sto  amongst ghe rest, of a penitent woman seduced by a macn 
France, af St. Bawne, exorced by Domp, ice and a oempy of 
circumventing iaoE If any man (sth Lemnim) wffi atmpg such a thg, 
withou all those juggling circumstanc, mtrdogioEl dections of t% pl, 
prodigious habits, fitian, big, sesqped wor, speHs, croies, chactet 
which exorchts orarily e, let h foHow the ple of Peter and Joh 
that without any ambitio swelhug rm cured a e man. Acts 
the naine of Christ Jesm e and wk." s naine Mono  the best and 
only charm agat ail such abofioEl usiom. se doth Ofigen ade: and se 
Chrysostom, oec erit tibi bulus oec turris inexpuçnabil hoec armatura. 
.$s çuid ad hœec dicemus, plures.rtasse expectatt, saith St. At, 
men w dese my couci aud opiou what is te be done in this behaff; I 
say no more, quam ut vd de, quoe per dilectiorm operatur ad eum unum 
tçiamus, let them fly te God alone for help. Athanim   boo De 
vari quœest, presoeis as a present chm affût devis, the begg of the 
lxvfi. Psalm : xur9at eus, dissiptur inimii, . But the bt remedy is 
te fly te God, te OEil on him, hopo, pray, tt, rely on h, te oemmit our- 
selves whoHy te . SVhat the practioe of tho pitive church was  th 
behal Et quis doemonla ç&iendi odus, rd SVierus af rge, lib. 5. de Cura. 
Lam. zles, cap. 38. et d)weps. 
Last of alI: ff the y affected shoe oealy know th mady  have- 
proceeded frein too much ting, meditation, prec le, oentemplaon of 
od's judgments (for the devfi deceives many by such mes), in that other 
extreme ho ccumvents melancholy ie, readg seine boom, ttes, 
hearg figid prchers, &o.  he shall peroeive that it bath ben fit fm 
seine grt loss, grievous accident, ter» eing othe in like caoe, or y 
such terrible object, let him sedfiy remove the cause, wch te the cm'e of 
th dise Navarrus se much oemmen, navertat coçitationem  re scruprt- 
Iosa, by MI apposite means, art, and dusgry, let  lare anlmum, by 
honest recreatiom, «frh and crte h distressed soulf' let m direct 
 thoughts, by hseff and other of h ffiends. Let  rd no mo such 
tracts or subjects, hr no more such fearIhl tones, avoid such compani, and 
by  me open himselÇ submit himseff te the advioe of good physic 
and divines, v;hich is cmztravtt suplorut, as he oe it, hr them 
speak te whom the Lord hath ven e tone of the 1 te ho able te 

l Non demmt o$tra tate tacttflculi, 
et re infecta abierunt, m Doue into English by W. B., 1613. n Tom- 2. cal). 27. hum. 282. "'Let 
 avert hi thoughts from the p&lîal oject," °l&varrua 



5em. 2. Suba G.] Cure of De.air. 739 
mlnter a word fo m tat  weary,  wose words are as flagons ofwine. 
Let m hot be obstinate, headstng, ees foE se-conceited (as in this 
mlady tey e), bu ve r to good advice, be ruled and çced; and 
no doubt but such good couel may prove as prospoeous to  soul,  the 
angel w to Peter, that opened the on gat, lood his ban&, brought h 
out ofpon, d defivered him om bolv tdom; they may ee hh 
ed md, relieve  wounded oe, and tke  out ofthe jaws ofheH 
itse I oen y no more, or give better advioe to such as are any way  
tred  t nd:  hat I ve ven and ioE Only ke th for 
a corolla and conclusiom as thou tenderest te own wee  t. and 
all other melancholy, thy good hlth of body and nd. observe ts sho 
œreoept ve no w to sota and idlen% "Be no soty, be not 
SPEAT SERI--PY. HOP 
c oEcrr. Bi Cou 
Y à dub liari ?  qd itm  evre   ge poena 
d sanus  ;  agis, do ibl quod serus es, qu poeniam e9i  
pe q p«carepoSuis$i. At. « Do you h to be eed om doubts 
do you dçn'e to esoepe cety Be pent wt rational: by so doing 
I  that you are se, bae you bave devoted that te to peainoe  
whieh you mht ha been guflty of 



AB.ENCE a cure of love melaucbo]y, ;90 
Absence over long, cause ofjealousy, 
Abstinence commended, 8 
cadicom Eata, 2oe, 210 
Adversit wby better tban prospty, 
mulaton, hatred, faction, desoEe of revenge, 
causes of melancholy, 176; the 
quivotions of melancholv, 10, 11 
quivotions of joy» 
Aeal de.s, 115 
Affections, whence they se» 103; how they 
transfo , ; of sleeping »d veg, 
102 
Affection in melancholy, what, 109 
Against abuses, repose, inj, contely, 
disques coffs. 414 
Agaiust em ?, Iv.r, I:ed, ice, 412 
Against soaw, vain t, death of ends» 
Air, how it causeth me]ancho]y. 1; how 
rectified it cureth melancholy, 
air in love. 611 
Alkermes good agalnst mdancholy, 45 
AH are melanchl/, 110 
Ail beautff pas attractive in love. 516 
Aloes, his ue 
A]teratives in physic, fo 'hat e. 1 ; aga 
melancboly, 451459 
Ambition defined, descbed, cae of melan- 
choly, 176, 1; of heresy, 674; de d 
spoils many matches, 616 
Amiableness lov object, 471 
Amorons objec us of love me]ancholy» 
Ame controveed, appve 6 
Amemen,  
Anger's descption, effects, how it caeth 
me]ancholy, 177 
Antimony a purger of mencho]y, 0 
Anthony inveiled by Cleotra, 
A polo of love melancholy, 
Appetite, 1 
Apples, good or bad, how, 1 
Apparel and clothes» a e of love me]an- 
choly, 525 
Aqueducts of olfl, 806 
Ainian's tenets, 732 
Ae, what, 95 
Aifici  against me]ancho]y, 
Aificial lemen of love 
A of mo,  

BA|T8 of loyers. 545 
Bald lascivious, 636 
Balm good against melaeholy432 
BanLshment's effeets, 242; its cure and anti- 
do, 405 
Barrenness, what grlevances it causeth, 
Barrenness cause ofjealousy, 
Barren grounds have best air, 332 
Bashfulness a symptom of melaucho]y, 262; 
of love-melancholy, J3r, cured, 458 
Baseness of birth no dpatgement, 
Baths rectified, 300 
Bawds a cause of love-melancholy, 546 
Beasts and birds in love, 
Beautfs deflnition, 472; cure of me]an- 
choly, 519; described, 616; in parts, 516; 
commendation, 5o'/ attractive power, pre- 
rogatives, excelleucy, howit causeth melan- 
choly, 510, 620; makes grievous wounds, 
irresistible, 515; more heholdiug te art than 
rature, 520, 621; brittlo and uncertain, 
597: ceusured, S99; a cause ofjealous» 634 
bcauty of God, 
Beef a melancholy meat 141 
Beer eeusured, 145 
Best site of a bouse, 332 
Bezoar's stone good against melancholy» 454 
Black eyes best, 619 
Black spota in the nai signa of melancholyD 
135 
Black man a pearl in awoman's eye, 517, 518 
Blaspbemy, hw pardonable, 729 
Blindness of loyers, 663 
Blood-letting» when and how cure of melano 
cboly, 446 
Blood-letting and purglng, how causes of 
melancholy, 445 
Blow on the head cause of melancholy, 247 
Body melancholy, its causes, 249 
Bodily symptoms of meLcholy, 2re01 of lovea 
melancholy, 550 
Bodily exercises, 337; body how it worka 
tho mind, 164, 244, 
Booka of a3 sorts, 351 



742 

lorage and Bug|oss. soverelgm herbe agalnst 
melancholy, 4.31; their wines and juice 
most excellent, 438 
Brain distempered, how cuse of melneholy» 
182; bis parts anatomized, 97 
Bread and beer, how cuses of me|ancholy, 145 
lrow and forehead, which axe most peasing, 
517 
Brute beasts jealous, (329 
13usiness the best cure of love-melancholy, 

Csnvzv's fathet conjured up seven devi]s st 
once, 113; had a spirit bound to him, 123 
Cards and dice censured, approved, 
Care's effects, 179 
Carp fish's nature, 142 
Cataplasms ana cerates tor melanchoiy. 438 
Cause of diseases, 82 
Causes immediate of melancholy symptoms. 
27`5 
Cuses of honest love. 480: or" heroicai iove. 
`502; of jealousy, 
Cautions aainst jealonsv. (357 
Centaure good aaiust delancho]y, 434 
Charles "the Great enforced to love basely by 
a phl]ter, 9 
Change of countenance, sign of love-melan- 
choly,/553 
Charity described, 484; defects of it, 486 
Character of a covetous man, 186 
Charles the Sixth, king" of France, mad for 
anger, 178 
Chess-play ceusured, 345, 346 
Chiromanticai signs of melancho|y, 135 
Chirurgical remedies of melancholy, 445 
Cholerlc melancholy signs, 2(33 
Chorus sancti Viti, a disease, 90 
Chymica! physic censured, 4 
Circumstances increasing jealousy, 
Cities' recreations, 843 
Civil lawyers' miseries, 205 
C]imes and particular places, how causes of 
love-melancholy, `504: 
Clothes a more cause of good respect, 229 
Clothes causes of love-melancholy, 
Clysters good for melancholy, 46. 
Coffee a Twkey cordial drink, 453 
Cold air cause of melancholy, 
Combats, 159 
Comets above the moon, 323 
Compound alteratives censured, approved, 
486; compound purgers of melancholy, 444; 
compound wiues for melancholy, 461 
Community of wives a cure of jealousy, 
Compliment and gootl carrigo causes of 
love-melancholy,/523 
Confections and conserves aga:mst melan- 
choly, 438 
Confession of his rlef to a friend a princi- 
pal cure of meIancholy, 8{31 
Confidence in his physician halî • cure, 302 
Conjugal love best, 498 
Conscience what it is, 106 
Conscience tronbled a cause of despalr, 718 
Continual cotation of bis mistress a symp- 
tom of love-melancboly,/568 
Contention» brawling, law-suits» effects, 5,07, 
Con tlnent or inward causes of melancholy, 244 
Content above aH, 392; whence to be hal, 
Contention's cure, 
Cookery taxe(I, 146 

Correctors of accidents In melancholy, 
Correctors to expel windia •nd costive- 
uess helped, 
Cor(liais agaiust melancholy, 451 
Costivenesa to corne • cause of melancholy, 
1`52 
Ccetiveness helped, 4(;3 
Covetousnes defined, described, how it 
cuseth melancholy, 186 
Conse gaiust melancho|y, 3,q, `59; cure 
ofjcalousy, ¢50; of despair, 723 
Country recreations, 343 
Crocotliles jcalous, (329 
Cuckolds common in all ages, 647 
Cupping-g]asses, cauteries, how and whe 
used to melancholy, 460 
Cure of me]ancholv nnlawful rejected, 29.'3 
trom God, .90; of head-melancho y, 44t 
over all the body, 9; of hvpochun- 
arzaca metanclm[y, 460; of love-melan- 
choly, `58; of .iealousy, 66; of àespar. 
723 
Cure of me]ancholv in htmselî, 358: or friend 
Curiositv descr'bed, hls effects. 239 
Custom of diet, delight of appettte, laow 
be kept and ielded to, 

DAcro, masking, mnmming, Cens«recl, 
pproved, ro41» fi42; their effects» 
they cause love-mal «choly, /54.1; how 
symptoms of loyers, ,577 
Death foretold by spirite, 1-5, 
Dcath of friends cause of meIancho|y, 234; 
othcr effects, 234; how cured 4.0 death 
advantageous. 411 
Deformity of body no misery» 379 
Delirium, 87 
Despair, equ|vocation$, 713; causes, 714; 
Symptoms, 7.°0; prognostics. 723; cure, 723 
Devils, how they cause melancholy, (311; 
their beglnning, nature, conditions, 611; 
feel pain, swift in motion,mortal, 119; their 
orders, 120; power, 127; how they cause 
reli.ious melancholy, 663; how despair, 714; 
deviis are often in ove, 49; shall be saved, 
as some hold, 783 
Diet what, and bow causeth me|ancholy, 
140; qtntityo 14; diet of divers nations» 
148 
Diet how rectifled to cure» 304; in quntity, 
07 
Diet a cause of love-melancholy, 
cure, 
Digression agalnst ail nnner of discontents, 
443; digression of air, 313; of anatomy» 92 
of devils and spirite, 115 
Dis«ommodities of nnequal matches, 656 
Disgrace • cause of melancholy» 173--241; 
qualified by connsel. 421 
Dissimi]ar parts of the body, 95 
Distemper of partieular parts» causes of meo 
lancholy, and how, 246 
Discontents, cares, miseries, causes of me|an- 
choly, 178; how repelled and cured by 
goodcounsel, 363--374 
l)iseases why inflieted upon us, 82; their 
9nmber, definition, division, 86; disese 
of the head, 87; diseaes of the mind 87; 
more grievous tban those of the body. 285 
Divers accidents cansing melaacholy, 
Divine sentences, 423 



743 

Divtne" mlsedes, .°05; wlth the causes of 
their miseries, 20Û 
Dotage what, 87 
Dote.ge of loyers, 662 
Dowry and money main causes of love- 
melancholy, 629 
Dreams and their klnds, 102 
Dreams troublesome, how to be amended, 357 
Drunkards' children often melancholy, 138 
Druakennese taxed» 148--373 

EAaT'S motion examlnecl, 3_°4; compose, 
centre, 327; an it animata, 
Eccentrics and eplcycles exvloded, 323 
Jducation a cause of melanchoty» 218 
]ffects of love, 678---580 
lection misconceived, cause of desvair. 730 
]lement of tire ezploded, ff23 
Envy and malice causes of melancholv. 174- 
their antidote. 412 
:Epicurus viudieated, 358 
plcurus's medicne for melancholy, 371 
Epicures, atheists, hypocrites» how mad and 
melancholy, 705 
]pitha]aminm, 62; 
Eunuchs why kept, and wbere, 642 
Evacuations, how they cause melancbo]y, 
E.xercise, if immoderate, cause of melan- 
choly, 168; before rusais wholesome, 158; 
exercise rectified, 336; several kinds, when 
fit» 346; exercises of the mind, 348-9 
Exotic and strange simples censured. 4,36 
Extasies» 4-37» 
Eyes main instruments of love, 606; love's 
darts, 618; seats, orators, arrows» torches» 
618 i Iow the.y pierce» 622 

IACE'B prero-ative» a most attractive part, 
616 
Fairies, 
Footing cause of me]ancboly, 149; a cure 
of love-melancholy, 685; abused, the devil's 
instrument, 677; effects of it, 
Fear cause of melaucboly, its effects, 171; 
fear of death, destinies foretold, °47; a 
symptom of melancholy, 252; sie of Iove- 
melancholy, 656; antidote to fcar, 412 
Fenny fowl, melancholy» 142 
Fier devils, 
Fire s rage, 84 
Fish, what melancho]y, 142 
Fish good. 307 
Fishee in love, 493 
Fishing and fowling» how and whcn good 
exercise, 339 
Flaxen hair a great motive of love, 617 
Fools often beget wise ment 19; by love 
bec6me wise, 75 
Force of imagination, 166 
Friends a cure of me]ancholy, 
Fruits cansing melancholy, 144; allowed, 07 
Fumitory purgeth melancholy, 4;A3 

{3 tu[r a cause of melancholy, his effccts, 
Gardens of simples where» to what end, 431 

Cardens for p|eure, 340 
General toleration of relion, by whom 
permitted, and why, 702; gaines,  
Gentry, whence it came tiret, 3S6; base 
without mcans, 386; vices accompanying 
it, 8; true gentry, wheoce» 85; geutry 
commended, 
Gcegraphy commended, ï,9 
G..etry, arithmetic» alebra, commeudc 
Gesture cause of love-me]ancholy, [;23 
Gifts and promises of great ftrce amongst 
loyers» 
God's just judgment cause o metauclaot 
82; sole cause sometimes, 114 
Gold good a.xinst melaacboly, 435; a mo 
beautiful object, 476 
Good connsel a charm to melancholy, 
good counsel for Iove-sick persons» 60I; 
aainst melancholy itelï. 423._ for such 
as are lealous, CA6 
Great men most )art disnorJest: i336 
Gristle what. 9 
Gut deecribed, 

H'v and pape how forcible in love-melan- 
• choly, ï,,ï 
Hard usage a cause ofjealousy, i332 
llatred cause of melaucholy, 177 
llawking and hunting why good, 339 
Head melancholy's causes 247; s3,mptoms . 
268; its cure, 446 
Hearing, what, 101 
Heat immoderate cause of melancholy, 1,55 
llealth a piteous thin. 242 
]leaveus penetrable» 24; infinltelysift, 325 
Hell where, 818 
Hellebore, white and black, pur'ers of 
lancholy, 448; black» it virtue and history, 
448 
Hlp from frlcuds aalnst melancholy, 
Hemorrhae cause of melancholy, L52 
llemorrhotds stopped cause of melancholy, 
1,92 
Herbe causlng melancboly, 14; cur]nç mec 
lancholy» 0G; proler to most diseuses» 
Hereditary diseuses, 137 
Heretics their conditions» 695; .thelr symp- 
• tome, 695 
Heroical Iove's pediffree, power, extent, 
definition, part affected, 496; t]Tanny. 496, 
Hippocrates' jea]ousy, 
Honest objecte of love, 4S0 
H*»pe a cure of misery, 403 
Hope and fear, the Deil's main en-nes to 
entrap the world, 677 
Hons ,-ood a«ainst melancholy, 459 
llorse-eeches how and wheo used an me]an- 
choly, 447, 459 
Hot countries apt and proue to jea]ousy» 
How oft 'tis fit to est in a day, 
How to resit passions, 59 
How men fall in love, 520 
IIumours what they are, 93 
Hydrophobia described» 89 
ypocimndriacal melancholy, 112; ifs causes 
inward, outward, 248; symptom, 2C; cure 
of it, 460 
Hvpochondries mlsaffected, causes, 246 
Hpocrites described, 712 



744 

Iv1..rgss a ma|n cause of melancholy, 158; 
of love-melancholy, 466; ofjealonsy, 
Jealousy a symptom of melanchol', 256; 
defined, described, (27; of princes, (128; 
of brute bea.sts, 629; causes of it, 
632; symptoms nf it, 6-I0; prognosties, 
(;4; cure of it, (;46--652 
Jests how and when te be used, 
Jewa' religions symptoms, 68,5, 606 
ignorance the mother of devotion, 678 
ignorance commended, 425, 42(3 
Ignorant persons still circumvented, 078 
|magination wbat, 102; ira force and effecta» 
Immater|al rnelancholy, 110 
Immortality of the seul proved, 105; im- 
pugned by whom, 710 
Impcdiments of loyers, 620 
lmportunity and opportunity cause of love- 
melancholy, 680; ofjealousy, (;riT, 6:/8 
Imprisonment cause et" melancholy, 22.3 
Impostures of devila 67(3; nf politicians, 
bTt; of pricsts, 674 
Impotency a catse ofjealousy, 632 
Impulsive cause of man'a misery, 82 
]ncubi and succubl, 494 
l ncoustancy of loyers, (;01 
Inconstancy a sign of melancholy, 25(; 
-'nfirmities of body and mind, what griev-. 
ances they eause, 244 
Injuries and abuses rectified, 417 
Instrumental causes of diseases. 3 
Iustrumental cause of man'c misery, 83 
Interpreters of dreams» 101] 
Inundations fury, 84 
.:nward causes of melancholy, 244 
Inward cerises described, 10i 
J,»y in excoss cuse of melancholy, 198 
Lsues when ued in mela, ncholy, 445 

I(o ad pr|nces' disconents, 183 
Kissing a main cause of love-melancholy» 
6;5 ; a sj'mptom of love-melaacholy, 6 

L. 
Lxovn, business, cnre of love-raelancholy, 
,584; Ztpts .Armedus, i tu agust 
melancholy, 1 
Lcio mea te be avoid, 6 
Lael a p for me]ancholy» 439 
Laws anst adtery,  
Leo Decimus the pope's scong trick, 
LeweHyn, pdnce of Walo, b submission, 418 
Zcata etra the ce of love-sick peous» 
608 
Liberty of pdnc and eat men, how 
ab, 9 
Libres commended, 2 
Liver, i site, 95; cause of melancho]y 4 
tempe, if hot or cold, 246 
Loss of libey, servitude, imponment» 
cause of melacholy, 225 
Losses in gener how they offend, 236; 
cause of desir, 406, 714; how ed, 411 
Love of gang and plo immoderate 
cae of melancholy, 191 
Love of learng, overmuch study, e of 
melcho]y, 1 
Love's beginn, bje, definition. vion, 

471; love ruade the warld, 47/; |ove'e 
power, 491; in vegetables» 492; in sert- 
cible creatures, 491; love's power in devila 
and spirits, 494; in men, 41)6; love a dis- 
case, 6,35; a tire, 6t;0, 661; love's passions» 
661; phrases of loyers, 666; their vain 
wishes and nttempts, 671, 72; loyers 
impudent, 673; courageons, 674; wise» 
reliant, free, 67;; neat in apparel, 676, 
676; poets, musiciens, dancers, 67(;; lnve's 
effects, ,579; love lest reved by sight, 
689; love eannot be compelled, (;16 
Love and hate symptoma of religions mo- 
lancholy, 684 
Lyanthropia descrlbed, 88 

L 

l[a.gs desrrlbed, 88; the extent of 
lancholy, 2; a symptom aud effect of 
iove-melmwholy» 78 
Ie dishes cae encholy, 
lacians how they cae melanchely» 130; 
how they cure iL 
lahomeoEns, their sptoms, 
laid's, nun's» widowa' melaadmly, 271 
Man's excefiency, mery, 81 
lan the eatest enemy te man, 
lany means te dive love, 
them, 
aage if nnfortnnate, e of me]an- 
choly, 240; best cure of love-melancholys 
6; miage belps, 655; mise» 601; 
beneflts and commendation, 623 
Mathematical studies commended, 
Iicino select for melancholy, 6; agalnst 
wind and cestivens, 4; for love-me- 
lancholy,  
lencholy in positlon, melancholy 
vocations, ; definition, naine, différence, 
108; pt and pties affd in man- 
choly, iaflction, 109; matter, 110; speci 
or kinds of melancholy, 112; mencholy 
an bereditary e, 136; m ing 
it, 1, &c.; annexent caeœe» 2; par- 
tic ps, 246; spto of i 2; 
they are psionate above mr 266; 
horons, 257; melancholy adt 
toms, 262; m symptoms of melancholy 
with other des, 2G4; melancholy, 
cae of jealonsy, 682 ; of dpr, 714; 
melancholy men why tty, 277; why 
se apt te laugh, weep, eweat, blh, 277; 
why they ena ious, h etrange nos, 
spk unught languag prophy, &c. 
Iemo hla at, 102 
Men suced by spid in the nigh 
Metempsychos 10 
Ies, minerals for me]ancholy, 
leteora strange, how ea, 322 
Metopoopy tbshong melancholy, 
lflk a melancholy ment, 142 
àiind bow it wor on the by, 
nera goed aiust melancholy, 
linisra how they cae pair, 717 
loEach, moentery, t, meserv veln 
ca of melancholy, 246 
Iabolano pgera of mancholy, 
àth and me comny excellent 
menchol v, 869; the abns» 
efio of an, 82 ; how they o m 
laacholy, 1; eommoa 



745 

m|seres of ot sort. 375; no nan ree. 
miserie effects in . ent for o good 
377;  of studen d ho 
198 
Htitlon of mencoly. 3 
Ionef prerogative 176 
Ioon bid. 326; moon  lov 1. 
49 
Ioter how e of melancholy. 137 
Iong fulty debed, loe 
ic a prient remedy for melancholy. 7; 
it effec. 367;  pm of loyer. 676. 
77;  of love-mecholy.  

'AXE)SS Of parts a e.anse of|ove-me]an- 
choly. 524; cure of love-melancholy. 66 
larrow streets where in use. 333 
lqatura] melancoly signe. 260 
atural signs of love-melancho]y. 0 
qecesity to what it enforceth. 161--231 
leglect and contempt, best cures ofjealousy. 
emesis or punishment cornes afler» 
erves what. 94 
qews most welcome. 344 
lqohility censured. 381 
ou-necessary causes of melaneoly. 210 
lquns' melancholy. 271 
Iurse. how cause of melancho|y. 216 

OBSeCTS eaung melancholy tobe removed. 
688 
Obstacles d hdranc of loyer.  
Occo  be svoided  love-mencoly» 
Odoramen fo oeeH to for mecho.  
Ointmeuts for mncoly. 17 
Ointments otously ed.  
Old folks apt  be jlou.  
Old fos' incomfinency xed.  
Od age s e of mencholy. 136; old menk 
sous often melancholy. 1 
One love ves ont snother. 93 
Opinions of or conceg the so. 103 
Oppression's effects. 
Opponty and impoty  of love- 
menchoIy.  
Organic para, 96 
Oveuch joy. pEde pr. how es of 
mcholy. 193 
P. 
Pen and lnness. oms of lo 
melancholy  
apts' reUo ptom 696. 697 
Pels' defence of mers.  
en. how they ong tbe cheu. 
how tey e melancholy by propag 
tion. 13; how by remn and d- 
gence. 219 
oenetil dkoee  ch  e onbled 
in mind. 724 
Paic p stemr. how ey  
melancoly. 2 
ies ected in relio mcoly. 6 
ions d peio  of . 

cboly. 14; bow tbey work on tbe 
162 ; their divisions, loe; how rectmd 
ed.  
Pions  loyer. 55. 6 
Patience s coee of misery. 7 
Patient. his conditions tt wonld be d. 
301 ; patience, confidenoe. ty. n 
to pcte on himse. ; wat e m 
dohe. 9; reve  ef  a en 
Pennoyal  a melcoly. 1 
Pe of loyer, 5 
Persion a mns to  lo-me]choly. 
367; other mencholy. 3 
Phany. wh. 101 
àilîpp on. how he  a eouny 
fefiow. 7 
Pope censed. 1; te eo» 
Pte e of love-melancholy. 6; how 
they ce mencoly.  
Peboty  of elancoly. 5 ; how 
to be ed. when. in mencholy. 6;  
h mencoly.  
Phleatic melancholy is. 261 
Phrenzy's dption.  
Phicn's misee 20 ;  qfi ff he 
be g 2 
Pic cen. 6. ; coend. 8; 
when to be e  
Physiognomic si$ of mencoly. 1 
Pic Kood against mecholy»;  
le-melancholy.  
Pets habite 6 
P  famo. 3 
Pissant pae  
Plant objects of love. 478 
Pleing ne and voice a ca of le-me- 
ncholy.  
Pti o oflove-mncholy.  
Pts why poer. 203 
Poet a sptom oç loyer.  
Poticn's pranks. 674 
Poor men's mees. 2; telr 
402; they e d to God. 391 
Pope eo edm. s seong» 223 
Pork a melancholy mea 141 
Posseion of de,s. 90 
Foverty and want  of melaucholy. 
the effetS. 2; no such moey   
poer. 9 
Power of sp. 127 
Fredestination oused. a e OE d 
Preparatives and poege for me]ancoly. 7 
Precedency. wt s it eth. 
PreŒEo ston, me. teng mecholy. 
Preventlons to te e of j]oy. 2 
Fde and praise es of mecoly. 193 
Pests ow they  reHoo mecholy. 
67 67 
Pcs' deonten. 1 
Proflble objects of love. 476 
Proess of love-melancoly exemplified.  
Proosti or events of love-melcho]y. 
1; of despa. ; ofjoy. ; of 
melancholy. 281 
Prospect Kood an mecholy.  
Prosp a e of misery 4oe 
Frottmn d di pro of 
2 
Pseudo-prophet. theoE pr» ç;  
e)ptoms, 69 



740 

Pue of mdachoy men, how it is affected» 
251 
Puise a sign of love-melancholy. 51. 
Furgers and preparative to ead mdancoly, 
447 
Purging smples npward, 9; downward, 
-Pur-ging how cattse of melnchol.V, 155 

Qvar ofdlet came. t40: cure of melan- 
holy» 307 
Rding Sefiptoe good tn melan- 
cho]y. 3 
Reereations good against encholv. 
ns of the face elçed,  
eons of the beHy, 96, 97 
Relation or hK a me of Iove-melan- 
choly»  
e]iom melancoly, a distinct spees» 0; 
its objet, 1 ; causes of it, 9; spms, 
; prognti, 7; ce» 702; renom 
poEcy, by whom, 
epennce, its effects, 727 
etentn and evuation cau$ of melan- 
chvly 12 rected fo te ce, 310 
ich men disconten and mees 1, ; 
theoE prerotives, 227 
Riot  appel, excès of if, a t came of 
Iove-elacoly, 
ivs and coiva]s,  
oo çensnred, 1 
ltose cro-men' or Rosians proroges» 
$s' ad reected in melcholy 7 
Sanguine melancholy sis» 2 
ca or s-onion, a poeger of melchvly» 
Scipis ntnency, 9 
coffs, umni, bitter j, how they me 
melcholy, 2; the tidote,  
Scoonera good aKainst mencholy, 4 
oEiptm'e monstrue cae of 
melancholy. 730 czwe of melanoly,  
Sesick, Kood physic r melncholy, 4 
Se-love e of melcholy,  effec, 193 
Sensible so d i p, 1 
Sensé, why d how deluded  mecholy, 
278, 279 
Sentenc sel t 9f humée ato, 3 
etnde e of melancholy» 225; d - 
ponment ed, 4 
Seve men's deliKh ad recreato  
Se tuto and  mm of m 
lancholy, 218 
e and e how m of men- 
choly, theoe ec, 173 
Sic for ooe go,  
Sig d  spto of lmel- 
choly, 1 
Sight ffi pclp camv of 
7 
 of omt love. 4 

Simflar prts of the body, 94 
Simple censoeed proper to melaneholy, 429; 
fit to be known, 431 ; png me]ancoly 
upward, ; dowd, pg 
Sin#ng a spt of love 
]ovmemholy,  
Sin the impsive cae of man mise, 
Sgle e aod ni commende 
the pregatives,  
S]a vf love, 7 
Sleep d wang ca of mçmnehoiy. 
by wat mns procoeed, heped, 
m bo have tt wi. 
Smeng wht, 10 
mng a me of loVmmncholy» 
odomy» 4 
Soldie most p oas. 
oHtafine mo of melancholv. 
L volnn, how good. 
moanenoly. 
oow i effet. 170; a came of memn- 
eholy. 171  a sptom of melancholy. 
eed by unsel» 7 
8o defined, i fti» 98; ex truce 
 me hold» 1 
Spic how mes of meneho]y» 
Spiri  the body. what» 
p and de,s» the ord» n» power» 
&e., 10 
pleen i cite. 95; how moeted came 
mancholy» 2 
SporM.  
Spo in the n.  
pcens a symptom of loyer» 
» how eam or sis of melaneholy» 
1; of Iovmecholy» i of 
Step-moth. ber mheie. 2 
tews» why_ allowed.  
tomach tempered me of meeholy» 
Ston like hs. b. . 
tge noes, when best» 
tree» nmow.  
tudy over-ranch use of melaneholy. 198; 
why and how. 1 7; study go 
meoEueholy» 8 
Subteanean deS»  
Superna eaus of melancholy. 
it donee. 7. 7 
SoEeiting d nkenn xed» 
picion d jomy spto of men- 
eholy. 2; bow med» 
wows. cko &c.z where e they 
ter» 
weet tunes and eing m of lov 
mencholy.  
8pto ŒEE «igns of me]anehoIy  the 
boey. 2;  2; from «. mem* 
tmce of te» med 
es» 2; sptoms of head melchly. 
; of hocbonl mcholy. 
of tbe whole body. 1; spto of 
nuns mdsÇ do' melancholy. 
immedime m of melcholy 
; sptoms of lovmecholy. 
cae of the so. ; tptomt of 
a loyer pled. 7 ; dOoet. 
toms of j]omy» ; OE re#ont mel- 
Synteris. 1 
8ps»   __ • 



TALE Of a lrebend» 416 
Tarantula's stinging etfects»  
"te» what. 
Temperament a cause of love-melancholy.  
• empestuo r. dark anoE ino» how 
cause of melancholy. 157 
Teestal de's, 124 
Teo and affriKh cause me]ancholy» 219 
'heoloters censud, 
ïhe best cure of love-melancho]y k  let 
them bave their desire, 
• obacco cenured, 1 
• olerativn, relious, 702 
Tvents of love, 56 
Transmiation of seuls,  
ravelling commended, vd aganst e]an- 
chvly, 8; for love-melancholy especi- 
y, 90 
''uto cae melcholy, 218 

V^TCT.Oy descrlbed, a cause of me]ancholy 
193 
Valeur and conrage caused by love, 575 
Variativn of the cvmpass, where, 314 
Variety of meats and dishes cause melan- 
chvly, 308 
Variety of mlstresses and obJect a cure of 
me]ancholy, 593 
Variety of weather, air» manncrs, countries, 
whence, &c., 320 
Variety of places, change of air, Kood aainst 
me]ancholy, 335 
Vegetal sou] and it facultles, 98 
Vegetal creatures in love, 492 
Vegetal seul and its part, 98 
Veins described, 95 
Ventre rectified, 312 
Venery a cause of me]ancholv, 153 
Venison a melancholy meat, i42 
Vices of women, 600, 601 
Violent misery continues net, 376 
Violent death prognostic of melancho]y, 921 
event of love-melancholy» 58; of despair, 
723; by seine defended» 28; how te be 
censtwed, 288 
Virg/nity, by what s|gns te be kuown, 63 
Virginity commended. G0fi 
Virtue an vice princi/ml habit of tbe will, 
108 
Vtex or agnus castut good agaiust Iove- 
melancboy, 586 
u. 
UcH¢ men described, 487 
Understanding defined, divided, 105 
Unfortunate marriages, effects, 184 240 

Unklnd frends cause melancholy, 241 
Unlawful cures of melancholy rejected, 293 
uUpstarts censured, their symptoms, 385, 393 
rine of melancholy persons» 
Uzorli, 
W. 
W^Ko, cause of me]ancho]y, 161--1f,3; 
symptom, 250; cured, 
Walkin', shooting, swimming', &c.» lood 
against melancholy, 340, 355, 86 
Want of sleep a symptom of love-melaccoly« 
551 
Waton carriale an esture cause of love- 
melancholy. 524 
Water devils, 124 
Water. if fonl. causeth me]ancho]y. 145 
Vaters censured, their effccta. 145 
Vfaters. which good. 305 
Waters in love. 511 
Wearisomeness of lire a symDtom of me]an- 
choly. 
What physic fit in love-me]ancho]y. 
VCho are most apt to be jealous, 
Whore' properties and conditions, 594 
Why good men are often reiected. 415 
Why fools beget ise chhdrcn, wise men 
fools. 139. 140 
Widows' melancho]y. 27t 
'ill defined» divided, ita actions, wby over- 
ruled. 106 
Wïne causeth melancho]y. 145; a good cordial 
aKainst melancholy. 453i forbid in love- 
melancholy. 585. 6 
Winds in love. 511 
Witty devices against melancholy. 8{. 
Vit proved by love. 575 
Withstand the bennings, a principal cure 
of Iove-me]ancholy. 588 
Witches' power, how they cause me]ancholy. 
130; their transformations how caused. 
131; they can cure melancholy. 294; not 
to be sought to for help. °95; n or saints. 297 
Yïves censtred. ô23; commended. 623 
Yomen. how cause of melancholy. 192; their 
vanity in aplarel taxed. 52.5; how they 
cozen mes. /26; by what art. 526; their 
cotmterfeit ter. -5; their vices» 
commended. ô24 
Woodbine. amni. rue. lettuce, how good in 
Iove-mœelancholy. 586 
World txed. 182 
Wormwood Eood alainst me]ancholy. 431 
Writers of the cure of melancholy. 2{)3 
.¥riters of imagination, lç6; de contolat{trn 
371; of melancholy. 454; of love-melan- 
choly. 579; against idolatry. 692; again; 
desl)air, 723 
Y. 
You« men in love with a plcture. 
Youth a cause of love-melancholy» 498