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1151107 


GENEAL-OGY  COLLECTION 


D.  Hodges  Gardner 
(No,  10) 


The  Gardner  Homestead 

Built  in  Johnstown,  by  Daniel  Gardner  IV.  in  1832 


ANCESTORS  and  DESCENDANTS 
of 

Daniel  Gardner  V, 

and 

Mary  (Hodges)  Gardner 

Late  of 

CHAMPAIGN.  ILLINOIS 


With  other  Gardner  and  Hodges  Records 

and  Historical  and  Biographical 

Notes. 


Collected  and  Compiled  by 
D.  Hodges  Gardner 


JfCartin  ^  Allardyce 

j^sburp  Park,  N.  J. 

1915 


115110? 


v[^  Affectionately  Dedicated, 

^  by  their  children, 

\^  to  the 

Memory  of 

Daniel  Gardner  V. 

and 
Mary  (Hodges)  Gardner 


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FOREWORD 

For  a  number  of  years  I  have  improved  opportunities 
for  collecting  records  and  other  data  pertaining  to  the 
Gardner  family,  and  herewith  present  such  parts  of  my 
collection  as  relate  to  that  branch  of  the  family  to  which 
I  belong.  The  offering  consists  of  records  and  historical 
and  biographical  notes,  through  which  may  be  traced  the 
ancestry  of  Daniel  Gardner  V.  and  Mary  (Hodges)  Gard- 
ner, late  of  Champaign,  Illinois,  and  records  of  all  other 
descendants  of  his  father,  Daniel  Gardner  IV. 

In  this  genealogy  the  many  maternal  lines  of  ancestry 
have  been  traced  as  far,  and  as  carefully,  as  have  been 
the  paternal  lines,  which  is  not  usually  the  case  with  fam- 
ily records,  and  I  feel  well  repaid  for  the  time  consumed 
in  making  the  search.  A  study  of  the  records  herein  will 
show  that  all  lines  of  ancestry  lead — for  an  American 
foundation — to  that  grand  type  of  the  Anglo-Saxon  race, 
the  English  immigrants,  the  pioneer  settlers  of  New 
England. 

A  previous  experience  in  keeping  live  stock  records, 
tracing  pedigrees,  etc.,  has  taught  me  that  to  be  of  value 
work  of  this  nature  must  be  thorough,  and,  when  com- 
pleted, should — like  an  abstract  of  title — show  a  perfect 
chain;  and  that  traditionary  statements  which  cannot  be 
verified  have  but  little  weight.  I  venture  the  hope  that 
the  arrangement  will  permit  the  unbroken  chain  to  be 
readily  followed. 

The  data  used  has  been  abstracted  from  the  public 
records  of  counties,  towns  and  churches ;  from  tombstones ; 
from  local  histories,  and  from  genealogical  and  biograph- 
ical works  of  recognized  authority,  as  well  as  from  many 
private  family  records,  all  of  which  have  been  carefully 
verified. 

Acknowledgment  in  general  is  here  made  to  many 
persons  for  favors  received,  and  in  particular  to  three 
who  have  given  me  great  assistance,  all  now  deceased: 
Mrs.  Sabrina  (Gardner)  Atwood,  No.  14  in  this  record, 
who  was  of  the  eighth  generation  of  Gardner  in  America, 
and  whose  personal  knowledge  extended  backward  well 
into  the  sixth,  and  whose  memory  was  clear  and  distinct 
at  eighty-five  years  of  age;  Mrs.  Caroline  E.  Robinson,  of 


Wakefield,  Rhode  Island,  a  thorough  genealogist,  and 
author  of  a  history  of  the  Hazard  family  of  Narragansett ; 
Mr.  Almon  D.  Hodges,  of  Boston,  another  thorough  gene- 
alogist, and  from  whose  book  "The  Hodges  Family  of 
Massachusetts"  I  have,  by  permission,  copied  freely,  some 
parts  literally. 

This  publication,  is  made  to  secure  the  preservation 
of  the  records,  and  in  the  hope  that  it  may  be  of  val- 
ue to  some  future  historian  of  the  family. 

Owing  to  the  limited  scope  of  the  work  an  index  is 
not  required,  and  the  few  abbreviations  used  will  be  read- 
ily understood. 


PART   ONE 
GENEALOGY 


(1)  George  Gardiner,  of  Newport,  Rhode  Island ;  im- 
migrant; b.  England;  d.  Newport,  1677;  md.  Horodias 
(Long)  Hicks.  She  md.  (3)  John  Porter.  Children  b. 
Newport. 

(2)   I.  Benoni,  d.  1732;  md.  Mary 


II.  Henry,  d.  1744;  md.   (1)  Joan ;  md. 

(2)  Abigail  Remington. 

III.  George,  d.  1724;  md.  Tabitha  Teft. 

IV.  William,  d.  1711 ;  md.  Elizabeth . 

V.  Nicholas,  d.  1712 ;  md.  Hannah . 

VI.  Dorcas,  md.  John  Watson. 

VII.  Rebecca,  md.  John  Watson. 

He  md.  (2)  Lydia,  dau.  of  Robert  and  Susannah  Bal 
lou,  of  Newport.    Children  of  second  wife  b.  Newport. 

VIII.  Samuel,  md.  Elizabeth . 

IX.  Joseph,  md.  Catharine  Holmes. 

X.  Lydia,  md.  Joseph  Smith. 

XI.  Mary. 

XII.  Perigrine. 

XIIL  Robert,  b.  1671,  d.  1731. 
XIV.  Jeremiah. 

(2)  Benoni  Gardiner,  of  King's  Town,  Narragansett, 
eldest  son  of  George  Gardiner  (1);  b.  after  1640;  d. 
1731 ;  md.  Mary .   Children  b.  Kingston. 

(3)   L  Stephen,  b.  1667;  d.  1743;  md.  Amey  Sher- 

man. 

II.  William,  b.  1671;  d.  1732;  md.  Abigail  Rem- 

ington. 

III.  Nathaniel,  md.  Mary . 

IV.  Isaac,  b.  1687 ;  md.  Elizabeth  Davis. 

V.  Bridget,  md.  Job  Sherman. 

(3)  Stephen  Gardner,  of  Gardner's  Lake,  Connecti- 
cut, eldest  son  of  Benoni  Gardner  (2),  b.  1667;  d. 
Gardner's  Lake,  9  Feb.,  1743;  md.  1700,  Amey,  dau.  of 
Benjamin  and  Hannah  (Mowry)  Sherman,  of  Ports- 
mouth, R.  I.    Children  b.  Kingston. 

I.  Amey,  b.  13  June,  1701. 

II.  Lydia,  b.  10  Oct.,  1702 ;  md.  John  Jenkins. 

III.  Stephen,  b.  24  Feb.,  1704 ;  md.  Frances  Cong- 

don. 

IV.  Benjamin,  b.   18   April,  1706;   md.   Content 


V.       Peregrine,  b.  24  Jan.,  1707 ;  md.  Susanna  Rob- 
inson. 

10 


(4)  VI.       Daniel,  b.  14  Dec,    1709;  md.  Bathsheba 

Smith. 

VII.  Sarah,  b.  25  Oct.,  1711;  md.  Samuel  Davis. 

VIII.  Hannah,  b.  2  May,  1713;  md.  Samuel  Rogers. 

IX.  Mehitabel,    b.    22    May,    1715;    md.    John 

Congdon,  Jr. 

X.  Abigail,  b.  9  July,  1717;  md.  Richard  Smith. 

XI.  David,  b.  28  June,  1720 ;  md.  Jemima  Gustin. 

XII.  Jonathan,  b.  18  April,  1724;  md.   (1)  Mary 

Haughton;  md.  (2)  Abiah  Fitch. 

Ancestry  op  Amey  (Sherman)  Gardner. 

(1)  Philip  Sherman,  of  Portsmouth;  immigrant;  son 

of  Samuel,  —Henry, Henry;  b.  5  Feb.  1610,  Ded- 

ham,  England;  d.  Portsmouth,  R.  I.,  1681;  md.  Sarah, 
dau.  of  Margaret  Odding,  immigrant. 

(2)  Benjamin  Sherman,  son  of  Philip  (1) ;  b.  1650; 
d.  Portsmouth,  24  Sept.,  1719;  md.  3  Dec,  1674;  Hannah, 
dau.  of  Roger  and  Mary  Mowry,  of  Providence,  R.  I. 

(3)  Amey  Sherman,  dau.  of  Benjamin  (2) ;  md.  Ste- 
phen Gardiner,  of  Kingston,  later  of  Gardner's  Lake. 
She  was  b.  25  Oct.  1681. 

Roger  Mowry,  immigrant,  father  of  Hannah 
(Mowry)  Sherman;  b.  England;  d.  Providence,  5 
Jan.,  1666 ;  md.  Mary ,  who  d.  1679. 

(4)  Daniel  Gardner,  of  Gardner's  Lake,  fourth  son  of 
Stephen  Gardner  (3),  b.  14  Dec,  1709;  d.  Gardner's 
Lake,  31  May,  1755 ;  md.  1735,  Bathsheba,  dau.  of  James 
and  Elizabeth  (Rogers)  Smith,  of  New  London,  Conn. 
Children  b.  New  London. 

1.  Bathsheba,  b.  20  Oct.,  1736;  md.  John  Way. 

(5)  II.        Daniel,  b.  9  Oct.,  1738 ;  md.  Elizabeth  Clark. 

III.  Preserved,  b.  29  Jan.,  1741. 

IV.  William,  b.  20  Mar.,  1743 ;  md.  Sarah  Randall. 

V.  Stephen,  b.  25  April,  1745. 

VI.  Anna,  b.  7  Sept.,  1748. 

VII.  James,  b.  19  Nov.,  1750. 

VIII.  Selvester,  b.  29  April,  1753. 

IX.  Elizabeth,  b.  2  July,  1755 ;  md.  Daniel  Wylie. 

Ancestry  of  Bathsheba  (Smith)  Gardner. 
(1)   Richard  Smith,  of  Lyme,  immigrant;  b.  England; 
d.  Lyme,  Conn. ;  md.  4  March,  1669,  BATHSHEBA,  dau.  of 
James  and   Elizabeth    (Rowland)    Rogers,    of   New 
London. 

11 


(2)  JAMES  SMITH,  son  Of  Richard  (D,  b  4  April, 
1674-  d.  New  London,  30  Oct.,  1750;  md.  8  Jan.,  1701 

ELIziBETH,    dau.    of    JONATHAN    and    NAOMI     (BURDICK) 

Rogers,  of  New  London. 

(3)  Bathsheba  Smith,  dau.  of  James  (2),  md.  1735, 
Daniel  Gardner. 

(1)  James  Rogers,  of  New  London,  immigrant,  b. 
England,  1615 ;  d.  New  London,  1687 ;  md.  Elizabeth 
Rowland. 

(2)  Jonathan  Rogers,  son  of  James  (1),         b.  31 
Dec,  1665;  d.  1687;  md.  Naomi,  dau.  of  Robert  Burdick, 
immigrant,  who  md.  Ruth  Hubbard. 
(3)  Elizabeth  Rogers,  dau.  of  Jonathan  (2),  md. 

8  Jan.,  1701,  James  Smith. 

(5)  Daniel  Gardner  IL,  eldest  son  of  Daniel  (4),  b. 

9  Oct.  1738;  d.  Gardner's  Lake,  12  May,  1806;  md.  6  July, 
1763  Elizabeth  Clark,  of  New  London,  who  d.  Gard- 
ner's Lake,  12  July,  1806.    Children  b.  Gardner  s  Lake. 

(6)  L         Daniel    m.,b.  10  May,    1764;    md.  Anne 

Crocker. 

II.  Clark,  b.  24  Nov.,  1766 ;  md.  Elizabeth  Har- 

din. 

III.  Ebenezer,  b.  17  April,  1768. 

IV.  Jabez,  b.  2  Sept.,  1770 ;  md.  Catherme  Gard- 

ner. 

V.  Elizabeth,  b.  24    Aug.,    1772;    md.    

Warner. 

VI.  Silvester,  b.  26  Mar.,  1775. 

VII.  Charles,  b.  2  Mar.,  1778. 

VIII.  Nicholas,  b.  27  Mar.,  1779 ;  md.  Sarah  Wright. 

IX.  A  twin  dau.,  b.  27  Mar.,  1779. 

Ancestry  of  Elizabeth  (Clark)  Gardner  has  not  been 
traced. 

(6)  Daniel  Gardner  III.,eldest  son  of  Daniel  11.(5) 
b.  10  May,  1764 ;  d.  Gardner's  Lake,  25  July,  1789 ;  md.  1 
July,  1787,  Anne,  dau.  of  Asa  and  Elizabeth  (Vose) 
Crocker,  of  Franklin,  Conn.    Children  b.  Gardner's  Lake. 

I.       Giles,  b.  1788 ;  md.  Fluva  Fish. 

(7)  II.     Daniel    IV., b.  11  Oct.,  1789;  md.  Prudence 
Whipple. 

Anne.  md.  (2)  1  Feb.,  1797,  John  Crocker,  of  Leba- 
non, N.  H.  Children  b.  Lebanon,  d.  young,  except  Gard- 
ner Crocker,  late  of  Johnstown,  Ohio,  and  Prudence  La- 

12 


throp  (Crocker)  Ailing,  late  of  Rochester,  N.  Y. 

Giles  Gardner,  eldest  son  of,  DANIEL  III  (6),  b.  1788; 
md.  Fluva  Fish,  and  settled  at  Palmyra,  N.  Y.  About 
1835  he  removed  to  some  point  west.  Have  no  further 
trace  of  him. 

Ancestry  of  Anne  (Crocker)  Gardner. 

(1)  Thomas  Crocker,  immigrant,  b.  England,  about 
1630;  d.  New  London,  18  Jan.,  1716;  md.  Rachel,  dau.  of 
George  Chappel,  immigrant.    Children  b.  New  London. 

(2)  Samuel  Crocker,  third  son  of  Thomas  (1),  b.  27 
July,  1676;  d.  Franklin,  Conn.,  29  Aug.,  1754;  md.  30 
Dec,  1697,  Hannah  Wolcott,  of  New  London.  Children, 
b.  Franklin. 

(3)  Jabez  Crocker,  third  son  of  Samuel  (2) ;  b.  31 
Aug.,  1702;  md.,  25  Feb.,  1723,  Ruth,  dau.  of  Thomas 
and  Mary  (Howlett)  Hazen,  of  Franklin.  Children 
b.    Franklin. 

(4)  Asa  Crocker,  second  son  of  Jabez  (3),  b.  20  June, 
1729;  md.  4  July,  1757,  Elizabeth  Vose.  Children  b. 
Franklin. 

(5)  Anne  Crocker,  youngest  dau.  of  Asa  (4),  b.  27 
Oct.,  1767 ;  d.  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  14  Dec,  1835 ;  md.  1  July, 
1787,  Daniel  Gardner  III. 

Ancestry  of  Ruth  (Hazen)  Crocker. 

(1)  Sergeant  Thomas  Hazen,  immigrant,  and  one 
of  the  ten  first  settlers  of  Ipswich,  Mass.,  in  1632 ;  b.  Eng- 
land ;  d.  Ipswich.    Children  b.  Ipswich. 

(2)  Edward  Hazen,  son  of  Thomas  (1) ;  d.  Rowley, 
Mass.;  md.  1650, Hannah,  dau.  of  Thomas  and  Hannah 
Grant,  of  Rowley.    Children  b.  Rowley. 

(3)  Thomas  Hazen,  son  of  Edward  (2),b  29  Feb., 
1657 ;  d.  Franklin,  12  April,  1735 ;  md.  Mary,  dau.  of 
Thomas  Howlett.    Children  b.  Franklin. 

(4)  Ruth  Hazen,  dau.  of  Thomas  (3) ;  b.  1700;  d. 
Franklin,  18  July,  1739;  md.  25  Feb.,  1723,  Jabez 
Crocker. 

(7)  Daniel  Gardner  IV.,  second  son  of  Daniel,  III 
(6),  b.  11  Oct.  1789;  d.  Johnstown,  Ohio,  23  Mar.,  1842; 
md.  17  Jan.  1813,  Prudence,  dau.  of  Thomas  and  Cath- 
arine (Jeffery)  Whipple,  of  New  London.  Children  b. 
Ware  House  Point,  Conn. 

(14)   I.  Sabrina  Crocker,  b.  18  Feb.,  1814;  md.  Jonathan 
Wells  Atwood. 

13 


(8)  II.      Daniel  V.,b.  18  Dec,  1815;  md,  Mary  Jose- 

phine Hodges. 

(15)  III.     Charles  Merritt,  b.  12  Sept.,  1817;  md.  Amey 

Coleman. 

(16)  IV.      Prudence  Maria,  b.  25  Aug.,  1819;  md.  Jona- 

than Smith. 

(17)  V.        Eunice  Ann,  b.  10  Jan.,  1823;  md.  Andrew 

Stevens. 

(18)  VI.      Thomas  Brownell,  b.  24  Oct.,  1824;  md.  Su- 

san Townsend. 

(19)  VII.     George  Christopher,  b.  19  Sept.,  1827;  md. 

Narcissa  Rice. 

(20)  VIII.  Anson  James,  b.  13  Sept.,  1831;  md.  Mary 

Elizabeth  Watson. 

Ancestry  of  Prudence  (Whipple)  Gardner. 

Thomas  Whipple,  of  New  London,  b.  1748 ;  d.  New 
London,  4  Oct.,  1804 ;  md.  13  Sept.,  1773,  Catherine,  dau. 
of  Isaac  Jeffery,  of  New  London.  His  nine  children  b. 
New  London  between  the  years  1774  and  1795.  His  an- 
cestry has  not  been  definitely  traced. 

Prudence  Whipple,  fourth  dau.  of  Thomas,  next 
above,  b.  19  Nov.,  1792;  d.  Johnstown,  Ohio,  28  Aug., 
1865 ;  md.  Daniel  Gardner  IV. 

Isaac  Jeffery,  of  New  London,  b.  England;  d.New 

London,  about  1800.         He  came  to  America  about  1750, 

and  his  two  children  were  probably  b.  in  England 

Moses  b.  probably  1748.    He  md.  and  reared  a  family  in 

New  London,  and  returned  to  England  after  the  death  of 

his  father. 

Catherine  Jeffery,      b.  Oct.,  1749,  md.      Thomas 
Whipple. 

(8)  Daniel  Gardner  v.,  eldest  son  of  Daniel,  IV. 
(7),  b.  18  Dec,  1815;  d.  Champaign,  111.,  13  Feb.,  1883; 
md.  6  April,  1840,  Mary  Josephine,  dau.  of  Thomas 
Cheney  and  Olive  (Tyler)  Hodges,  of  Homer,  Ohio. 
Children  b.  Johnstown,  except  one. 

1.       Frederick  Cheney,  b.  25  Dec,  1841 ;  d.  20  Dec, 
1842. 

(9)  II.     Emily  Cheney,  b.  26  July,  1843;  md.  Henry 

Swannell. 

(10)  III.    Dick  Hodges,  b.  8  Nov.,  1847;  md.  Ella  M. 

Angle. 

(11)  IV.    Olive  Augusta,  b.  25  July,  1852;  md.  N.  Ash- 

ley Lloyd. 

(12)  V.      V\^illis  Smith,  b.  21  April,  1856;  md.  Annie  M. 

Somers. 

(13)  VL    Jessie,  b.  27  April,  1863. 

14 


Ancestry  of  Mary  (Hodges)  Gardner 

(1)  William  Hodges,  of  Taunton,  immigrant,  b.  Eng- 
land; d.  Taunton,  Mass.,  2  April,  1654;  md.  Mary,  dau.  of 
Henry  and  Mary  Andrews,  of  Taunton.  Children  b. 
Taunton. 

(2)  I.        John,  b.  1650;  md.  Elizabeth  Macey. 
II.       Henry,  b.  1654 ;  md.  Ester  Gallop. 

Henry  Andrews,  immigrant,  one  of  the  original  pur  - 
chasers;  b.  England;  d.  Taunton. 

(2)  John  Hodges,  eldest  son  of  William  (1),  b.  1650: 
d.  Taunton,  1719 :  md.  15  May,  1672,  Elizabeth,  dau.  of 
George  and  Susannah  (Street)  Macey,  of  Taunton. 
Children  b.  Taunton. 

I.  John,  b.  5  Apr.,  1673;  md.  Mercy  Tisdale. 

II.  Nathaniel,  b.    2    April,    1675;     md.     Hannah 

III.  Samuel,  b.  20  May,     1678;     md.     Experience 

Leonard. 

(3)  IV.     William,  b.  6  June,  1682;  md.  Hannah  Tis- 

dale. 

V.  George,  b.  27  Nov.,  1685. 

VI.  Ebenezer,  b.  13  May,  1687. 

VII.  Nathan,  b.  23  Oct.,  1690 ;  md.  Experience  Wil- 

liams. 

Elizabeth  (Macey)  Hodges,  dau.  of  George  Macey, 
immigrant,  one  of  the  original  purchasers ;  b.  England ;  d. 
Taunton. 

Susannah  (Street)  Macey,  dau.  of  Rev.  Nicholas 
Street,  of  Taunton,  who  was  son  of  James  Street, 
immigrant,  one  of  the  original  purchasers;  b.  England; 
d.  Taunton. 

(3)  William  Hodges,  fourth  son  of  John    (2),  b.  6 

June,  1682;  d.  23  June,  1766;  md.  18  Feb.,  1710,  Hannah, 
dau.  of  Joseph  and  Mary  (Leonard)  Tisdale.  Children 
b.  Taunton. 

(4)  I.       George,  b.  1711 ;  md.  Susannah  Cobb. 

IL     Abigail,  b.  4  May,  1713 ;  md.  James  Cook.   He 
md.   (2)   Mary  Clapp  of  Scituate. 

III.  Job,  b.  1721. 

IV.  Elijah,  b.  1724. 

V.  Abijah,  b.  1728. 
VL    Mary,  b.  1731. 

15 


Hannah  (Tisdale)  Hodges,  dau  of  Joseph  Tisdale, 
of  Taunton,  who  was  son  of  James,  and  gd.  son  of  John 
Tisdale,  immigrant ;  b.  England ;  d.  Duxbury,  Mass. 

Mary  (Leonard)  Tisdale,  dau.  of  Thomas  Leon- 
ard, of  Taunton,  son  of  James  LEONARD,  who  d.Taunton, 
and  was  doubtless  b.  England. 

(4)  George  Hodges,  eldest  son  of  William  (3)  ;  b. 
1711;  d.  Western,  now  Warren,  Mass.,  1786;  md.  27  July, 
1737,  Susannah,  dau.  of  Morgan  and  Susannah  (Wil- 
lis)  Cobb.     Children  b.  Taunton. 

I        George,  b.  26  June,  1739. 

IL     Silas,  b.  11  Feb.,  1741;  md.  Mary  Bacon. 

HL    Susannah,  b.  1744. 

IV.    Eikanah,  b.  19  May,  1747 ;  md.  Roxalana  North. 

(5)  V.      Daniel,  b.  17  April,  1754;  md.  Rachel  Rich. 
VL    Leonard,  b.  25  Mar.,  1759;  md.  Sarah  Spaf- 

ford. 
Susannah  (Cobb)  Hodges,  dau.  of  Morgan  Cobb, 
who  was  son  of  Augustine  Cobb,  a  leading  man  of  Taun- 
ton, and  possibly  himself  an  immigrant  b.  England. 

Susannah  (Willis)  Cobb,  dau.  of  Joseph  Willis,  of 
Taunton,  who  was  son  of  John  Willis,  immigrant,  one  of 
the  first  settlers  of  Duxbury,  Mass. 

Joseph  Willis  md.  dau.  of  Thomas  Lincoln,  im" 
migrant  of  Hingham.,  Mass.,  in  1635. 

(5)  Daniel  Hodges,  fourth  son  of  George  (4),  b.  17 
April,  1754;  d.  Western,  11  Dec,  1829;  md.  23  June,  1781, 
Rachel,  dau.  of  Thomas  and  Huldah  (Cheney)  Rich, 
of  Western.    Children  b.  Western. 

(6)  L        Thomas  Cheney,  b.  19  May,  1784;  md.  Olive 

Tyler, 
n.       Adolphus,  b.  19  Sept.,  1786;    md.    Typhena 
Tyler. 

III.  George,  b.  27  Sept.,    1790;    md.    Nancy    D. 

Moore. 

IV.  Susan,  b.  28  Sept.,  1792 ;  md.  Thomas  Tyler. 

V.  Daniel,  b.  20  Jan.,  1796;  md.  Elizabeth  Baker. 
VL  Mary,  b.  3  May,  1798 ;  md.  Baxter  C.  Minott. 
Vn.    Brutus,  b.  17  May,  1801;  md.  Maria  Augusta 

Hamilton. 

VHL  Solon,  twin,  b.  17  May,  1801. 

IX.      Seraph,  b.  15  Aug.,  1804;  md.  Holmes  Ami- 
down. 

Rachel  (Rich)  Hodges,  b.  30  Nov.,  1761;  d.  War- 
ren, Mass.,  3  Jan.,  1844,  was  dau.  of  ThOxMAS  Rich,  a  very 
prominent  man  in  Western,  whose  ancestry  has  not  been 
traced,  but  without  doubt  will  trace  to  some  early  English 
immigrant. 

16 


Ancestry  of  Huldah  (Cheney)  Rich. 

(1)  William  Cheny,  immigrant,  a  land-holder  of  Rox- 
bury  before  1640. 

(2)  Thomas  Cheney,  son  of  William  (1)  ;  md.  Rox- 
bury,  11  Jan.,  1685,  Jane  Atkinson. 

(3)  Thomas  Cheney,  son  of  Thomas  (2),  b.  25  Dec, 
1658 ;  md.  24  Sept.  1684,  Hannah  Woodie. 

(4)  John  Cheney,  son  of  Thomas  (3),  b.  Roxbury. 
about  1703;  estate  administered,  V/estern,  25  May,  1770; 
md.  Mary — ,  who  d.  Western,  1790. 

(5)  Huldah  Cheney,  dau.  of  John  (4) ;  md.  Thomas 
Rich. 

In  1834  the  name  of  Western  was  changed  to  War- 
ren, Mass. 

(6)  Thomas  Cheney  Hodges,  eldest  son  of  Daniel 
(5)  ;  b.  19  May,  1784;  d.  Homer,  Ohio,  1872;  md.  1  June. 
1806,  Olive,  dau.  of  Abner  and  Bethia  (Muzzy)  Tyler. 
of  Western,  Mass.  Children  b.  Western,  except  last  two, 
b.  at  Palmer,  Mass. 

I.  Cassandana,  b.  28  April,  1807;  md.  Dr.  John 

Baxter. 

II.  Ruth,  b  26  Oct.,  1808;  md.  Dr.  John  Baxter. 

III.  George  Holland,  b.  5  April,  1810;  md.  Cath- 

erine Phinney. 

IV.  Lucien,  b.  23    April,    1813;     md.  Sarah  H. 

Phillips. 

V.  Rachel  Rich,  b.  1  June,  1815;  unmarried. 

(7)  VI.      Mary  Josephine,  b.  11  Oct.,  1817;  md.  Daniel 
Gardner. 

VII.  Olive  Cheney,  b.  5  Mar.,  1820;  md.  Franklin 

Drury. 

VIII.  Augusta,  b.     25  July,    1822;    md.    Leonard 

Warren. 

(7)  Mary  Josephine  Hodges,  fourth  dau.  of  Thomas 
Cheney  (6),  b.  11  Oct.,  1817;  d.  Champaign,  111.,  1  Jan., 
1885 ;  md.  5  April,  1840,  Daniel  Gardner. 

Ancestry  of  Olive  (Tyler)  Hodges. 

(1)  Job  Tyler,  immigrant,  b.  England;  d.  Andover, 
Mass.  The  actual  first  settler  of  Andover,  in  advance  of 
its  official  settlement  in  1640. 

(2)  Quartermaster  MosES  Tyler,  son  of  Job  (1) ;  md. 
Prudence,  dau.  of  George  Blake,  of  Gloucester,  Mass. 

(3)  Captain  John  Tyler,  son  of  Moses  (2),  b.  1669; 
d.  1756;  md.  14  Nov.,  1695,  Ann  Messenger,  b.  1678;  d. 

17 


1745;  dau.  of  John  Messenger,  of  Charleston,  who  wa& 
son  of  Henry  Messenger,  of  Boston,  immigrant. 

(4)  Deacon  John  Tyler,  son  of  John  (3),  b  6  Nov., 
1696;  d.  Western;  md.  Sarah  Barron,  of  Canterbury, 
Conn.,  b.  29  Sept.,  1695 ;  dau.  of  Isaac  and  Sarah  Bar- 
ron, of  Chelmsford,  Mass.  Isaac  was  son  of  Moses  Bar- 
ron, of  Chelmsford,  who  was  son  of  Ellis  Barron,  immi- 
grant, of  Watertown,  Mass. 

(5)  Lieutenant  Abner  Tyler,  son  of  John  (4),  b. 
1738;  d.  Western,  1  Mar.,  1819;  md.  1  Dec,  1774,  Beth- 
lAH  Muzzy,  b  22  June,  1754;  d.  22  Oct.,  1850;  dau.  of 

John  Muzzy,  of  Spencer,  Mass.,  son  of  Muzzy, 

who  was  son  of  Benjamin  Muzzy,  of  Lexington.    He  was 
son  of  Benjamin  Muzzy,  immigrant,  of  Maiden,  Mass. 

(6)  Olive  (Tyler)  Hodges,  dau.  of  Abner  (5),  b.  2 
Oct.,  1782;  d.  Warren,  Mass.,  5  Aug.,  1846;  md.  1  June. 
1806,  Thomas  Cheney  Hodges. 


18 


Descendants  of  Daniel  and  Mary  (Hodges)  Gardner 

(9)  Emily  Cheney  Gardner,  eldest  dau.,  b.  26  July, 
1843;  md.  22  Oct.,  1866,  Henry  Swannell,  of  Cham- 
paign. Now  living  at  Champaign,  and  children  were  born 

there. 

I.  Mary  Swannell,  b.  2  Mar.  1869;  md.  (1)  4 
June,  1890,  John  Walter  Taylor,  Chief  Engineer 
of  the  St.  Louis  Terminal  Railway,  who  d.  26  Dec. 
1902,  killed  in  an  accident  on  the  company's  lines, 
and  whose  appointment  as  General  Manager  had 
been  made  the  day  previous.  She  md.  (2)  14  Aug., 
1907  Ives  Emanuel  Cobb,  and    now  lives  in    San 

p't'5?  TIP! '>PO     (^i-ll 

n.  Daniel  Gardner  Swannell,  b.  16  Jan.,  1875 ;  md. 
4  Oct.,  1899,  Frances  Edith,  b.  19  June,  1875,  dau. 
of  Gilbert  and  Elizabeth  Temple,  of  Clinton,  Iowa. 
Now  living  in  Champaign,  and  children  were  born 
there. 

1.  Marion  Swannell,  b.  21  June,  1901. 

2.  Helen  Isabel  Swannell,  b.  28  June,  1904. 

(10)  Dick  Hodges  Gardner,  eldest  son,  b  8  Nov.,  1847: 
md.  8  Feb.,  1871,  Ella  M.,  b.  Truxton,  N.  Y.,  3  Mar.,  1848. 
diu.  of  Charles  Willis  and  Mary  (Patrick)  Angle,  of 
Champaign,  111.  Now  living  Chicago,  111.,  7643  Union  Ave. 
Children  were  born  in  Champaign,  and  in  Piatt  Co.,  111. 

I.  Bertha  Emily  Gardner,  b.  Champaign,  11  Nov., 
1871;  d.  Denver,  Col.,  24  Feb.,  1898,  unmd. 

II.  Katherine  Willis  Gardner,  b.  Piatt  Co.,  III., 
30  Mar.,  1873. 

III.  Jessie  Angle  Gardner,  b.  Piatt  Co.,  13  Sept., 
1878. 

IV.  Bradley  Charles  Gardner,  b.  Champaign,  12 
June,  1884;  md.  1  Oct.,  1913,  Bessie,  b.  13  Mar.,  1888, 
dau.  of  England  Johnston  and  Matilda  (Leard)  Bark- 
er, of  Chicago,  111.    Now  living  Chicago. 

(11)  Olive  Augusta  Gardner,  second  dau.,  b.  25  July, 
1852 ;  md.  20  Mar.,  1877,  Nelson  Ashley  Lloyd,  son  of 
Nelson  and  Sophia  (Webster)  Lloyd,  of  Newport.  Ky. 
Now  living  Elmhurst  Place,  Cincinnati,  Ohio.  One  dau. 
born  Cincinnati. 

I.  Marcia  Olive  Lloyd,  b.  17  Mar.,  1882;  md.  19 
Oct.  1904,  George  Edward  Mills,  son  of  Edward 
and  Henrietta  (Flinn)  Mills,  of  Norwood,  Ohio.  Now 
living  Cincinnati,  and  children  b.  there. 

1.  Mary  Lloyd  Mills,  b.  28  Dec,  1905. 

2.  Edward  Lloyd  Mills,  b.  19  May,  1907. 

3.  Olive  Lloyd  Mills,  b.  30  Dec,  1912. 

/  /  19  ^. 


(12)  Willis  Smith  Gardner,  younger  son,  b.  21  April, 
1856 ;  md.  15  July,  1879,  Annie  M.,  b.  Aug.,  1859,  dau.  of 
John  H.  and  Sarah  (Fitzpatrick)  Somers,  of  Urbana,  111. 
Now  living  Clinton,  Iowa.    One  son  b.  Onawa,  Iowa. 

I.  Daniel  Gardner,  son  of  Willis  Smith  (12),  b.  5 

May,  1880 ;  md.  3  Aug.,  1907,  Eva,  b.  19  May,  1882, 

dau.  of  Ely  J.  and  Minnie  (  Dickinson  )    Eardwell,  of 

Chicago.  Now  living  in  Chicago.  One  son  b.  Chicago. 

1.     Willis  Eardwell  Gardner,  b.  5  May,  1908. 

(13)  Jessie  Gardner,  youngest  dau.,  b.  Champaign,  111., 
27  April,  1863.  Now  living  Elmhurst  Place,  Cincinnati, 
Ohio. 

Other  Descendants  of  Daniel  Gardner  IV  (7^ 

(14)  Sabrina  Crocker  Gardner,  eldest  dau.  of  Daniel 
IV.  (7),  b.  18  Feb.,  1814;  d.  Mesopotamia,  Ohio,  20  Feb., 
1899;  md.  Johnstown,  1  Mar.,  1835,  Jonathan  Wells 
Atwood.    Children : 

I.  Betsey  Irmilda  Atwood,  b.  3  Nov.,  1836;  md. 
Johnstown,  9  Sept.,  1857,  ORRIS  P.  Laird,  son  of 
Andrew  Laird,  of  Mesopotamia. 

1.  Louis  Leroy  Laird,  b.  9  June,  1858;  d.  19 
May,  1874. 

2.  Mary  Cheney  Laird,  b.  27  Mar.,  1860 ;  md. 
5  Mar.,  1889,  Maynard  E.  Miller,  son  of  Joseph 
Miller,  of  New  Linne,  Ohio.    Children : 

1.  Paul  Miller. 

2.  Orris  Miller. 

3.  Wayne  Miller. 

4.  Bessie  Miller. 

5.  Mina  Miller,  twins. 

3.  Martin  Wells  Laird,  b.  23  Dec,  1862;  md. 
17  April,  1888,     Della    Gardnier,        dau,  of 

George  of  Mesopotamia.    Children  : 

1.  Oro  Laird. 

2.  George  Laird. 

II.  Mary  Cheney  Atwood,  b.  7  Sept.,  1837;  d.  30 
July,  1839. 

(15)  Charles  Merrit  Gardner,  second  son  of  Daniel  IV 
(7),  b.  12  Sept.,  1817;  md.  Amey  Coleman,  of  Hartford', 
Ohio ;  d.  Johnstown,  23  Dec,  1893,  without  issue. 

(16)  Prudence  Maria  Gardner,  2d  dau.  of  Daniel  IV 
(7),  b.  25  Aug.,  1819;  d.  Johnstown,  27  Jan.,  1867;  md. 
19  Jan.,  1839,  Jonathan  Smith,  b.  10  Nov.,  1805;  d  Mc- 
Minnville,  Tenn.,  6  Nov.,  1894,  son  of  Henry  and  Sarah 
Smith,  of  Newark,  Ohio.    Children  b.  Johnstown. 

20 


I.  Henry  Daniel  Smith,  b.  23  June,  1841 ;  d.  Apple- 
ton,  Wis.,  26  April,  1909 ;  md.  28  April,  1869,  ELIZA- 
BETH, b.  12  Sept.,  1841,  dau.  of  Halsey  and  J-jne 
Decker,  of  Paterson,  N.  J.    One  dau.  b.  Appleton. 

1.  Mabel  Wells  Smith,  b.  27  Oct..  1874;  md. 
27  July,  1898,  Raymond  Russell  Bradley. 

II.  George  Smith,  b.  27  Sept.,  1846. 

III.  Charles  Brownell  Smith,  b.  13  Dec,  1848 ;  md. 
29  April,  1874,  Hattie  Louise  Mead.  Now  living 

Elkhart,  Ind.    No  children. 

IV.  Sarah  Sabrina  Smith,  b.  14  Aug.,  1850;  md. 
1869,  Henry  Stubblefield.  of  McMinnville,  Tenn. 
Children,  b.  McMinnville. 

1.  Jonathan  Smith  Stubblefield. 

2.  Henry  Perry  Stubblefield. 

3.  William  J.  Stubblefield. 

V.  Jonathan  Wells  Smith,  b.  20  Sept.,  1852;  md. 
15  Sept.,  1886,  Katherine  Griswold,  of  Appleton, 
Wis.    Now  living  Boulder,  Colo.    No  children. 

(17)  Eunice  Ann  Gardner,  youngest  dau.  of  Daniel 
IV  .(7),  b.  10  Jan.,  1823;  d.  Johnstown,  22  Feb.,  1907; 
md.  28  Mar.,  1844,  Andrew  Stevens,  b.  23  Sept.,  1819: 
d.  Johnstown,  25  April,  1868,  son  of  Peter  and  Lucy 
(Bambrau)  Stevens,  of  Johnstown.  Children  b.  Johns- 
town. 

I.  Frederick  Stevens,  b.  17  April,  1845 ;  now  living 
at  Johnstown. 

II.  Edwin  Stevens,  b.  30  June,  1848 ;  now  living  in 
Idaho.    One  daughter. 

1.  Lucy  Stevens. 

III.  Lucy  Stevens,  b.  30  Sept.,  1851 ;  d.  Johnstown, 
6  April,  1891 ;  md.  17  Oct.,  1877,  Will  Norman 
Paige,  b.  24  Nov.,  1851;  d.  Johnstown,  2  May,  1890; 
son  of  Dr.  William  Franklin  and  Sophronia  (Buxton) 
Paige,  of  Johnstown.    One  son  now  living  Johnstown. 

1.  Frank  Stevens  Paige,  b.  14  Dec,  1879. 

IV.  Peter  Stevens,  b.  30  Dec,  1853;  d.  12  June, 
1875,  unmd. 

V.  John  Stevens,  b.  13  Oct.,  1856;  d.  19  April, 
1905,  unmd. 

VL  Daniel  Stevens,  b.  8  May,  1859;  d.  19  Oct., 
1893,  unmd. 

(18)  Thomas  Brownell  Gardner,  third  son  of  Daniel 
IV. (7),  b.  24  Oct.,  1824;  d.  Silver  Bow,  Montana,  1  Aug., 
1903;  md.  1  Nov.,  1868,  Susan  Townsend,  b.  9  June, 

21 


1838,  dau.  of  Samuel  and  Rebecca  Townsend,  of  Penna. 
Two  sons  b.  and  now  living  Silver  Bow,  Montana. 

I.  Charles  T.  Gardner,  b.  21  Oct.,  1871. 

II.  Turner  M.  Gardner,  b.  24  Dec,  1872. 

(19)  George  Christopher  Gardner,  fourth  son  of  Dan- 
iel IV. (7),  b.  19  Sept.,  1827;  d.  Johnstown,  8  Feb.,  1894; 
md.  8  July,  1849,  Narcissa  Rice,  b.  Tyler  Co.,  Va.,  25 
Sept.,  1830;  d.  Johnstown,  4  Feb.  1894.  Children  b. 
Johnstown. 

I.  Mary  Jane  Gardner,  b.  28  Nov.,  1850 ;  d.  Patas- 
kala;  md.  21  Oct.,  1875,  Franklin  Coons,  of  Patas- 
kala,  Ohio.    One  dau.  b.  Pataskala. 

1.  Aimee  Belle  Coons,  b.  1  Jan.,  1877;  md.  11 
July,  1895,  H.  H.  King.    One  son,  b.  Pataskala. 
1.  Byron  Stanton  King,  b.  27  July,  1896., 

She  md.  (2)  Charles  Atkinson,  of  Pataskala, 

and  has  a  son  by  him. 

II.  Amy  Ella  Gardner,  b.  21    Sept.,    1855;    md. 
Henry  Hubbard,  of  Alexandria,  Ohio. 

III.  Eliza  Luella  Gardner,  b.  1  May,  1860;  md. 
Austin  Stimson,  of  Alexandria,  Ohio.    One  son. 

1.  Ralph  Stimson,  b.  Alexandria. 

IV.  Dollie  Belle  Gardner,  b  26  July,  1866 ;  md.  29 
Oct.,  1891,  William  Darlington  Turner,  of  Chi- 
cago, 111.    Children  b.  Chicago. 

1.  Lucille  Turner,  b.  29  Aug.,  1892. 

2.  William  Gardner  Turner,  b.  17  Oct.,  1896. 

(20)  Anson  James  Gardner,  youngest  son  of  Daniel 
IV. (7),  b.  13  Sept.,  1831;  d.  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  5  Jan., 
1907;  md.  5  Jan.,  1860,  Mary  Elizabeth  Watson,  b.  24 
Jan.,  1840;  d.  9  Jan.,  1907;  dau.  of  James  G.  and  Lucy 
(McLain)  Watson,  of  Farmer  City,  III.  Children  b. 
Farmer  City. 

I.  Alice  Josephine  Gardner,  b.  3  Nov.,  1860 ;  md.  6 
June,  1888,  Harry  C.  Martin,  of  Attica,  Ind.  One 
son  b.  Attica. 

1.  Gardner  Martin,  b.  10  Jan.,  1891. 

II.  Fred  Culver  Gardner,  b.  23  Aug.,  1862;  md. 
28  Nov.,  1883,  Cora  Ella  Davis,  dau.  of  William 
Madison  Davis,  of  Indianapolis.  Children  b.  Indian- 
apolis. 

1.  Mary  Elizabeth  Gardner,  b.  20  June,  1896. 

2.  Margaret  Lucy  Gardner,  b.  7  Sept.,  1898. 

III.  Charles  Clifford  Gardner,  b.  10  May,  1865. 

22 


PART  TWO 

HISTORICAL 

AND 
BIOGRAPHICAL 


Gardner  or  Gardiner 

The  name  of  Gardiner  or  Gardner,  according  to  a 
generally  accepted  theory,  is  derived  from  two  Saxon 
words :  gar,  signifying  arms  or  weapons,  and  dyn,  a  noise ; 
hence,  gardyn,  a  martial  sound  or  alarm,  the  clashing  of 
arms.  The  termination  "er"  gives  the  name  Gardyner, 
denoting  one  accustomed  or  entitled  to  bear  arms,  and  by 
a  natural  transition,  we  have  Gardner,  and  Gardiner. 
This  theory  may  be  favorably  received,  because  it  denotes 
a  less  plebeian  origin,  than  does  another  theory,  or  supposi- 
tion, that  the  name  is  derived  from  an  occupation,  as 
gardener — one  who  makes  a  garden,  a  horticulturist.  In 
any  case,  however,  it  is  an  Anglo-Saxon  name  for  an 
Anglo-Saxon  tribe,  and  one  untainted  by  a  propensity 
toward  crime,  insanity,  or  constitutional  cowardice. 

For  hundreds  of  years,  the  Gardner  families  have 
been  of  the  landed-gentry  of  England.  Some  have  been  of 
the  nobility,  but  the  great  majority  have  been  commoners. 
Many  of  them  have  gained  distinction  and  high  rank  in 
the  army,  in  the  navy,  and  in  other  departments  of  the 
public  service,  while  others  have  acquired  eminence  in  the 
learned  professions.  The  family  was,  probably,  first 
established  in  the  county  of  Lancaster  and  from  there 
emigrated  to  and  settled  in  many  parts  of  England,  Scot- 
land, and  Ireland.  The  claim  of  the  Lancashire  Gardners 
— that  they  are  the  parent  stock — seems  to  have  founda- 
tion, as  many  of  the  prominent  families  of  the  name — in 
other  parts — have  a  known  Lancashire  origin.  Aldring- 
ham  Hall,  near  Ulverstone,  in  Lancashire,  has  been  the 
ancestral  home  of  one  Gardner  family — possibly  the  main 
branch — for  five  hundred  years. 

The  Gardners  are  fully  entitled  to,  and  many  have 
assumed,  armorial  bearings.  In  essential  features,  the 
descriptions  of  all  Gardner  arms  are  the  same,  with  but 
little  variation  in  design  or  coloring.  The  coat  of  arms 
here  emblazoned,  is  an  excellent  general  type  of  the  many 
coats  belonging  to  the  various  branches  of  the  family  in 
England.  The  same  design  was  assumed — or  appropri- 
ated— by  members  of  the  Narragansett  family  of  Gar- 
diner, in  America. 

26 


The  accompanying-  cut 
is  a  reproduction  of  an 
original  engraving  of 
the  arms  belonging  to 
the  Roche  Court  family 
of  Gardiner,  elsewhere 
mentioned. 

Arms :  Or,  on  a  chevron, 
gules,    between      three 
Ganimcr  griffins'   heads,    erased, 

azure,    two  lions,  counter-passant,  of  the  field. 

Crest:  a  Saracen's  head,  couped  at  the  shoulders, 
proper. 


Of  Gardners  of  renown,  in  an  early  day,  was  Stephen 
Gardiner,  Bishop  of  Winchester,  born  1483,  son  of  John 
Gardiner,  a  cloth  weaver,  of  Bury  Saint  Edmonds.  Be- 
fore his  elevation  to  the  Bishopric,  he  was  secretary  to  the 
great  Cardinal  Wolsey.  At  the  coronation  of  Queen 
Mary,  the  crown  was  placed  on  her  head  by  the  Bishop, 
and  he  was  made  Lord  Chancellor,  and  Minister  of  State. 
He  was  a  very  learned  man,  and  was  called  the  friend  of 
learning,  in  every  form,  and  his  house  was  called  the  seat 
of  eloquence  and  the  special  abode  of  the  Muses.  He  died 
in  1555,  and  was  buried  in  his  cathedral  at  Winchester, 
where  his  tomb  is  still  to  be  seen. 

Colonel  James  Gardiner  was  a  valiant  Scottish  soldier, 
whose  death,  in  battle,  is  described  by  Sir  Walter  Scott, 
in  Waverly.  This  battle,  Preston  Pans,  was  against  the 
Pretender,  and  the  field  of  battle  was  partly  on  the 
Colonel's  own  estate  in  Scotland.  Colonel  Gardiner  was 
the  son  of  Captain  Patrick  Gardiner,  a  man  of  large 
estate,  who  served  many  years  in  the  army,  and  his 
mother,  Mary  Hodge,  was  from  another  family  of  soldiers. 
He  was  born  in  1687  and  died  21st  September,  1745, 

William  Gardner,  of  Coleraine,  Ireland,  and  of  a 
Lancashire  family,  commanded  a  company — within  the 
walls — at  the  siege  of  Londonderry. 


27 


Allen  Gardner,  grandson  of  William  Gardner,  of 
Coleraine,  ente-red  into  the  Royal  Navy  in  1755  and  be- 
came one  of  the  most  distinguished  of  British  naval  offi- 
cers. He  had  important  commands,  was  in  battle  many 
times,  and  in  1799  had  attained  the  high  rank  of  Admiral 
of  the  Blue,  and  was  created  a  Baronet  of  England.  In 
1800,  he  was  elevated  to  the  peerage — as  Baron  Gardner — 
and  died  in  1809. 

Another  Lancashire  product  was  Charles  John  Gard- 
ner, Viscount  Montjoy,  and  Earl  of  Blessington.  He  was 
an  Irish  landlord,  living  in  London,  \vith  an  immense 
income  from  his  Irish  estate.  This  he  dissipated,  and 
dying  bankrupt,  without  issue,  the  titles  became  extinct. 

Sir  William  Gardiner,  of  Roche  Court,  Hants,  who 
was  descended  from  the  Gardners  anciently  seated  at 
Wigan,  in  Lancashire,  was  made  a  Knight  of  the  Bath 
at  the  coronation  of  King  Charles  II.  in  1660,  and  was 
created  a  Baronet  the  same  year.  From  him  are  descend- 
ed the  present  Roche  Court  family. 

Richard  Gardner  (1591-1670),  an  English  divine, 
chaplain  to  King  Charles  I,  in  1630. 

Daniel  Gardner  (1750-1805),  a  painter,  who  attract- 
ed the  attention  of  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds,  and  became  fash- 
ionable for  his  small  portraits  done  in  oil  or  crayon. 

William  Gardner  (1766-1814),  a  skillful  engraver, 
in  Dublin. 

George  Gardner  (1812-1849),  a  Scottish  botanist, 
author  and  explorer  in  South  America.  Died  while  ex- 
ploring in  Ceylon. 

Samuel  Rawson  Gardiner (1829-1902),  who,  if  not  at 
the  present  time,  will  some  day  be  classed  as  one  of  Eng- 
land's greatest  historians. 

In  colonial  New  England  were  a  number  of  immi- 
grants, from  England,  by  the  name  of  Gardiner  and 
Gardner,  who  came  with  the  earliest  settlers — prior  to 
1650.  How  closely  they  were  related,  or  to  which  branches 
of  the  family  in  England  they  belonged  is  not  known. 
They  were  prominent  in  colonial  affairs,  and,  with  one  ex- 
ception, reared  families  and  have  descendants  living. 

28 


First  came  Richard  Gardnear,  in  the  Mayflower, 
1620.     It  is  thought  he  died  unmarried. 

In  1724  Thomas  Gardner  settled  at  Cape  Ann.  He 
was  to  oversee  the  planting  in  the  colony,  and  for  this  rea- 
son has  sometimes  been  called  the  first  Governor  of  Massa- 
chusetts. He  had  grants  of  land  at  Danvers  and  Salem. 
His  sons,  Richard  and  John,  having  been  excommunicated 
by  the  church  at  Salem  for  attending  Quaker  Meeting, 
went  to  the  Island  of  Nantucket,  where  they  were  of  the 
twenty  associated  proprietors  of  the  island. 

Other  early  Massachusetts  records  are  of  Edmund 
Gardner,  of  Ipswich,  in  1636;  Thomas  Gardner,  of  Rox- 
bury,  in  1638 ;  Richard  Gardner,  of  Woburn,  in  1642 ;  John 
Gardner,  of  Hingham,  in  1650,  and  of  James  Gardner,  of 
Gloucester,  in  1660. 

A  picturesque  figure  of  the  times — but  who  should 
not  be  classed  as  an  immigrant — was  Sir  Christopher 
Gardiner,  for  a  short  time  at  Boston  in  1630,  accompanied 
by  his  wife,  a  lovely,  attractive  woman.  He  wore  a  large 
Cavalier  hat  and  cloak,  and  was  never  without  his  long 
Spanish  rapier.  It  was  thought  that  he  was  an  agent  of 
the  church  of  Rome,  or  of  the  Spanish  inquisition,  and 
neither  institution  being  of  good  repute,  his  stay  was 
short.  His  coming  and  going,  like  the  flight  of  a  comet, 
attracted  attention,  and  of  him  Longfellow  wrote : 

"It  was  Sir  Christopher  Gardiner, 
Knight  of  the  Holy  Sepulchre, 
From  Merry  England  over  the  sea, 
Who  dropped  upon  this  continent, 
As  if  his  august  presence  lent 
A  glory  to  this  colony." 

A  romantic  personage  was  Lyon  or  Lion  Gardiner, 
who  came  in  1635.  A  military  engineer,  he  had  served 
in  Flanders  with  Lord  Fairfax,  and  came  to  America  to 
establish  a  colony  in  Connecticut.  He  built  a  fort  at  Say- 
brook — named  for  Lord  Say  and  Seal,  and  Lord  Brook,  the 
proprietors — and  was  for  four  years  the  Governor.  He 
then  secured,  by  purchase  from  the  Indians,  an  island  in 
Long  Island  Sound,  since  called  Gardiner's  Island,  which 

29 


purchase  was  confirmed  by  a  grant,  and  the  island  was 
held  for  generations  as  an  independent,  entailed  barony. 
The  Lords  of  the  Island  in  those  days  were  quite  the  grand 
seignoirs,  with  the  right  of  the  high  justice,  the  middle 
and  the  low.  In  1788  Gardiner's  Island  was  annexed  to 
the  state  of  New  York,  and  is  still  owned  in  the  family. 

George  Gardiner,  of  Newport,  Rhode  Island,  in  1638, 
founder  of  the  Narragansett  family,  of  whom  presently, 
has  probably  more  descendants  than  any  other  American 
Gardiner  or  Gardner. 

The  Gardners  in  America  have  an  honorable  record, 
and  since  the  first  settlement  of  the  country  have  helped 
to  make  history.  They  have  produced  many  representa- 
tive men  in  many  communities,  and  have  been  pioneers 
in  the  grand  march  of  settlement  across  the  continent, 
and  have  aided  in  the  development  of  every  state,  from 
Maine  to  California.  Some  have  been  a  credit  to  the 
name,  in  the  army  and  navy,  and  in  public  office,  while 
others  have  gained  eminence  in  business  and  in  profes- 
sional life.  In  the  main,  however,  they  have  been  land 
holders,  and  remained  close  to  the  soil. 

The  subjoined  list  of  Gardiners  or  Gardners  of  some 
note  has  not  been  selected  as  belonging  to  any  one  branch 
of  the  family,  but  rather  on  the  theory  that  all  of  the 
name,  of  New  England  origin,  are  not  only  of  one  blood, 
but  reared  in  the  same  environment  and  of  one  general 
type. 

Captain  Joseph  Gardner  commanded  the  Salem  Com- 
pany in  King  Philip's  War. 

Colonel  Thomas  Gardner  was  a  member  of  the  Com- 
mittee of  Safety  in  Boston.  In  May,  1775,  he  raised  a 
regiment,  and  was  killed  at  Bunker  Hill  in  June  of  the 
same  year. 

Ebenezer  Gardner  was  also  a  member  of  the  Com- 
mittee at  Boston. 

Caleb  Gardiner  was  a  merchant  and  retired  sea  cap- 
tain of  Newport.  In  1775,  he  raised  a  company  for  Rich- 
mond's Regiment,  and  was  made  Lieutenant  Colonel. 
Later,  he  was  a  member  of  the  Council  of  War  of  Rhode 
Island.     In    1778,    when    the    French    fleet    of    Count 

30 


d'Estaing  was  blockaded  in  Newport  harbor  by  the  greatly 
superior  fleet  of  Lord  Howe,  Captain  Gardiner,  who  knew 
all  the  passages  of  the  harbor  and  bay  from  boyhood, 
offered  his  services,  and  piloted  the  French  fleet  to  safety 
through  an  uncharted  channel  during  a  dense  fog.  In 
recognition  of  this  great  service,  the  French  King  sent 
Captain  Gardiner  a  sum  of  money,  with  which  he  pur- 
chased an  estate  near  Newport,  and  built  a  house,  portions 
of  which  still  remain  in  the  cottage  called  Bateman's. 

John  Lane  Gardner  (1793-1869),  entered  the  army 
as  Lieutenant,  and  served — with  great  credit — during  the 
war  of  1812,  the  Florida  War,  and  in  the  war  with 
Mexico,  where  he  commanded  his  regiment,  and  where, 
at  Contreras,  he  led  the  right  column  of  attack.  In  1860 
Colonel  Gardner  was  in  command  of  the  forts  in  Charles- 
ton harbor.  Though  mustering  less  than  fifty  men  in 
Fort  Moultrie,  he  secured  six  months'  supplies,  and  an- 
nounced his  intention  of  defending  his  post,  but  vv^as 
immediately  relieved  by  Secretary  Floyd  and  ordered  to 
Texas.  He  was  made  Colonel  of  the  Second  Artillery  in 
1862,  and  retired  in  1865  with  the  rank  of  Brigadier  Gen- 
era] as  reward  for  his  long  and  faithful  service. 

Charles  K.  Gardner  (1787-1869),  entered  the  army  as 
Ensign  and  was  made  Captain  in  1812,  Colonel  in  1815, 
Adjutant  General  in  1816,  resigned  in  1827.  He  was  As- 
sistant Postmaster-General  during  Jackson's  administra- 
tion, Auditor  of  the  Treasury  under  Van  Buren  and  Post- 
master of  Washington  under  Polk.  In  1850  he  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  Treasury  Department,  and  resigned  in  1867. 

William  Henry  Gardner  (1800-1870),  entered  the 
navy  as  Midshipman  in  1814,  was  Lieutenant  in  1825, 
Commander  in  1841,  Captain  in  1855.  He  had  important 
commands,  both  at  sea  and  ashore,  and  retired  in  1862 
with  the  rank  of  Commodore. 

George  Clinton  Gardiner  (1834-1914),  at  the  age  of 
sixteen,  was  employed  by  the  U.  S.  Engineer  Corp  that 
established  the  Mexican  boundary,  and  in  1856  was  ap- 
pointed Assistant  Surveyor  and  Astronomer,  to  run  and 
mark  the  Northwestern  boundary.  Later,  he  was  en- 
gaged in  important  railway  work,  and  was  the  first  to 
use  nitroglycerine  for  submarine  blasting.     He  was  Gen- 

31 


eral  Manager  of  Construction  of  the  Mexican  Central  and 
of  the  Texas  and  Mexican  Railways.  In  1892,  he  was 
General  Manager  of  the  Ohio  River  Railroad,  and  later 
organized  the  Pacific  Company  of  Peru, 

James  Terry  Gardiner  (1842-)  has  made  many  geo- 
graphical and  geological  surveys  for  the  government  and 
for  states  and  territories,  and  has  done  important  con- 
structive work.  Is  a  member  of  scientific  societies,  and 
has  been  secretary  of  the  American  Geographical  Society. 
Holds  the  oflfice  of  Consulting  Engineer  for  the  Santa  Fe, 
the  Texas  and  Mexican,  the  Atlantic  and  Pacific,  and  the 
Mexican  National  Railways. 

Silvester  Gardiner  (1707-1786),  physician,  studied 
in  Europe  and  returned  to  Boston  with  a  degree  of  pro- 
fessional knowledge  unexampled  at  that  time  in  America. 
He  soon  acquired  an  extensive  practice  and  became  rich 
and  influential. 

Augustus  Kinsley  Gardner  (1821-1876),  physician, 
studied  in  Europe,  and  returned  to  New  York,  where  he 
introduced  many  reforms.  He  was  the  first,  in  America 
to  give  chloroform  in  labor,  and  practiced  it  successfully. 
He  resigned  his  membership  in  the  Academy  of  Physicians 
on  being  questioned  as  to  his  action  in  calling  into  consul- 
tation a  homeopathic  physician. 

Joseph  Gardner,  of  Bedford,  Indiana,  physician  and 
philanthropist.  February  22,  1893,  he  gave,  as  a  thank 
offering  to  humanity,  to  the  American  National  Red  Cross 
Association,  a  tract  of  seven  hundred  and  eighty-two  acres 
of  land.  Miss  Clara  Barton  receiving  it  as  President  of 
the  Association. 

John  Gardiner  (1731-1793),  lawyer,  was  born  in 
Boston,  studied  and  practiced  in  London  and  in  Wales, 
and  at  one  time  was  Attorney  General  in  the  Island  of 
St.  Christopher,  W.  I.  He  was  called  the  law  reformer, 
and  is  remembered  for  his  later  eloquence  in  the  Massa- 
chusetts Legislature. 

Asa  Bird  Gardiner  (1839-),  lawyer,  soldier,  military 
jurist  and  politician,  was  appointed  Lieutenant  of  New 
York  Volunteers  in  1861,  and  in  1865  received  the  Medal 
of  Honor  for  distinguished  service.  He  was  appointed 
Lieutenant  of  the  Ninth  U.  S.  Infantry.     He  had  various 

32 


staff  appointments,  and  was  honorably  discharged,  on  ac- 
count of  disability.  He  was  District  Attorney  of  New 
York  in  1897.  He  is  a  member  of  several  patriotic  socie- 
ties and  the  author  of  works  on  military  jurisprudence. 

John  Silvester  John  Gardiner  (17G5-1830),  clergy- 
man, was  a  man  of  uncommon  talent,  for  many  years 
Rector  of  Trinity  Church  in  Boston,  and  of  wide  repute 
among  the  clergy  of  the  land. 

George  Warren  Gardner  (1828-1895),  clergyman  and 
educator,  was  a  graduate  of  Dartmouth  in  1852,  and  was 
President  of  Drake  University  of  Iowa,  in  1881. 

Henry  Brayton  Gardner  (1863-) ,  educator,  is  Profes- 
sor of  Political  Economy  at  Brown  University,  and  Vice 
President  of  the  American  Economic  Association. 

Dorsey  Gardiner  (1824-1894),  etymologist,  was  Sec- 
retary of  the  U.  S.  Centennial  Commission  in  1876,  and 
private  secretary  to  Director  General  Goshorn.  He  was  a 
direct  descendant — great  grandson — of  Captain  Caleb 
Gardiner,  of  Newport,  before  mentioned. 

Henry  J.  Gardner  (1819-1892) ,  was  Governor  of  Mas- 
sachusetts in  1858. 

Elizabeth  Jane  Gardner  (1842-),a  talented  American 
artist. 

Captain  W.  M.  Gardner,  born  in  Ohio,  now  living  in 
England,  is  the  inventor  of  the  Gardner  gun. 

Washington  Gardner  is  U.  S.  Senator  from  Michigan. 

A.  P.  Gardner  is  Representative  in  Congress  from 
Massachusetts. 

Among  those  of  Gardner  blood,  but  of  other  names, 
are: 

George  Bancroft  (1800-1891),  historian. 

Wheeler  Hazard  Peckham  (1833-),  an  eminent  con- 
stitutional lawyer,  was  appointed — by  President  Cleveland 
— to  the  U.  S.  Supreme  Court,  in  1894,  which  appointment 
was  not  confirmed  by  the  Senate,  owing  to  his  anti-ma- 
chine democracy. 

Rufus  William  Peckham  (1838-),  an  American  jurist, 
was  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  New  York,  1883  to 
1886,  and  in  1895  was  appointed  by  President  Cleveland 
to  be  Associate  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the 
United  States,  which  appointment  was  confirmed  by  the 
Senate. 


Morgan  Gardner  Bulkley  (1837-),  financier,  Presi- 
dent of  the  U.  S.  National  Bank  of  Hartford,  1872  to  1879 ; 
Mayor  of  Hartford,  1880  to  1888 ;  Governor  of  Connecti- 
cut, 1889  to  1893,  and  President  of  the  Aetna  Life  Insur- 
ance Company  since  1879. 

THE  NARRAGANSETT  FAMILY. 

(1)  George  Gardiner,  immigrant,  was  in  Newport, 
R.  I.,  in  1638 — the  year  of  settlement — coming  from  Mas- 
sachusetts, where  he  had  been  a  member  of  Plymouth 
Colony.  The  record  of  his  appearance  in  Newport  is  as 
follows  : 

"Newport,  R.  I.,  1  Aug.,  1638.  George  Gardiner  was 
admitted  an  inhabitant  of  the  Island  of  Aquidneck,  having 
submitted  himself  to  the  government  that  is  or  shall  be 
established." 

From  this  date  until  the  time  of  his  death,  in  1677, 
his  name  appears  frequently  on  the  records,  showing  that 
he  was  in  continuous  residence,  that  he  was  active  in  the 
affairs  of  the  colony  and  was  prosperous.  That  he  reared 
a  large  family  of  children,  helped  them  to  start  in  Hfe,  and 
at  his  death  left  an  estate  to  be  divided,  indicates  much 
prosperity. 

The  first  settlers  of  Rhode  Island  were  Quakers,  and 
other  non-conformists  and  dissenters,  who  had  been  driven 
from  Massachusetts  by  the  intolerance  of  the  Puritan  Con- 
gregational Church,  as  they  had  been  driven  from  Eng- 
land by  the  intolerance  of  the  established  church. 
George  Gardiner  and  his  wife,  Horodias,  were  members 
of  the  Society  of  Friends,  and  were  certainly  non-conform- 
ists. Their  marriage  was  a  common  law  marriage,  a 
form  much  in  use  by  the  Quakers,  and  strictly  legal  under 
the  English  marriage  laws.  5  May,  1665,  he  was  before 
the  Assembly  upon  petition  of  his  wife,  for  divorce,  which 
was  granted. 

Horodias  Gardiner  was  a  remarkable  woman,  a  leader 
in  religion  and  society,  and  one  of  the  strong  characters 
of  the  times.  Her  own  story,  given  in  testimony,  and  the 
story  of  her  persecution  in  Boston,  go  far  to  prove  this. 
In  fiction  she  has  been  pictured  as  a  woman  of  culture  and 
refinement,  living  in  great  style,  for  those  times,  and  quite 

34 


the  grand  dame.  After  her  divorce  from  George  Gar- 
diner she  married  the  wealthy  and  influential  John  Porter. 
The  following  extract  from  Bishop's  "New  England 
Judged"  is  interesting : 

"11  May,  1658,  Horodias  Gardiner — being  the  mother 
of  many  children — came  with  her  babe  at  her  breast  from 
Newport  to  Weymouth,  Mass.,  to  deliver  her  religious  tes- 
timony, for  which  she  was  carried  to  Boston,  before  Gov. 
Endicott,  who  sentenced  her  to  be  whipped  with  ten  lashes, 
as  well  as  her  companion,  Mary  Stanton,  who  came  with 
her  to  help  bear  her  child.  After  the  whipping  with  a 
three-fold  knotted  whip  of  cords  she  was  continued  for 
fourteen  days  longer  in  prison."  The  narrator  (Bishop's 
"New  England  Judged") ,  says :  "The  woman  came  a  very 
sore  journey,  and,  according  to  man,  hardly  accomplisha- 
ble, through  a  wilderness  of  above  sixty  miles,  from  Rhode 
Island  to  Boston.  After  the  savage,  inhuman  and  bloody 
execution  upon  her  of  your  cruelty,  aforesaid,  kneeled 
down  and  prayed  the  Lord  to  forgive  you." 

Under  the  date  of  11  July,  1790,  William  C.  Gardiner 
made  this  entry  in  an  old  family  Bible :  "Joseph  Gardiner, 
the  youngest  son  of  Sir  Thomas  Gardiner,  Knight,  came 
over  among  the  first  settlers  and  died  in  Kings  county, 
Rhode  Island  State,  aged  78  years.  Born  A.  D.  1601,  died 
A.  D.  1679.  Left  six  sons,  viz. :  Benoni,  died  1731,  aged 
104;  Henry,  died  1737,  aged  101;  Wm.,  died  at  sea,  by 
pirates ;  George  lived  to  see  94  years ;  Nicholas  and  Joseph 
lived  also  to  a  great  age."  This  record,  made  more  than 
one  hundred  years  after  the  events  it  claims  to  record, 
attracted  no  attention  for  another  period  of  fifty  years, 
when,  for  some  unknown  reason,  some  few  began  to  give 
it  credence. 

Austin's  "Genealogical  Dictionary  of  Rhode  Island" 
says :  "It  is  evidently  erroneous  in  many  important  par- 
ticulars, but  not  more  so  than  traditionary  statements  of 
families  are  often  found  to  be." 

Updike's  "History  of  the  Narragansett  Church," 
which  was  published  about  this  time,  inserted  the  record, 
with  other  Narragansett  records,  without  comment.  The 
revised  edition  of  this  work,  published  in  1907,  says :  "It 
is  now  well  ascertained  that  the  originator  of  the  Gardiner 
family  of  Narragansett  and  Newport  was  named  George 

35 


rather  than  Joseph,  as  has  been  supposed  by  some. 
George  Gardiner,  like  the  remainder  of  the  first  settlers 
on  the  Island  of  Aquidneck,  came  immediately  from  Mas- 
sachusetts, but  no  account  of  him  or  of  his  family,  previ- 
ously to  his  arrival  in  Rhode  Island,  is  known  to  exist." 

Mrs.  Caroline  E.  Robinson,  late  of  Wakefield,  Rhode 
Island,  and  than  whom  there  was  no  higher  authority  on 
the  genealogy  of  the  Gardiner  and  other  Narragansett 
famihes,  said :  ''This  theory  has  no  support,  and  its  only 
foundation  is  the  Sunday  afternoon  Bible  entry  of  11  July, 
1790,  made  by  one  Wm.  C.  Gardiner." 

No  real  estate  transfers  or  other  records  are  found 
in  Newport  relating  to  any  Joseph  Gardiner,  except  of 
Joseph,  the  son  of  George  and  Lydia  (Ballou)  Gardiner, 
his  second  wife,  while  on  the  other  hand  many  are  found 
which  positively  identify  George  Gardiner  as  the  father 
of  Benoni,  Henry,  George  et  al.,  and  we  must  conclude  in 
regard  to  Joseph  that,  like  the  immortal  Sarah  Gamp's 
mythical  Mrs.  Harris,  "there  ain't  no  sich  person." 

(2)  Benoni  Gardiner,  eldest  son  of  George,  No.  1, 
settled  in  Kingston,  then  called  King's  Town,  where  he 
died  in  1731.  He  and  his  brothers,  Henry,  George,  Wil- 
liam, Nicholas,  and  brother-in-law,  John  Watson,  were 
there  before  19  May,  1671,  as  all  took  the  oath  of  allegi- 
ance on  that  day.  On  the  29  July,  1679,  they,  with 
thirty-six  others  of  Narragansett,  signed  a  petition  to  the 
King  "praying  that  he  would  put  an  end  to  these  differ- 
ences about  the  government  thereof,  which  has  been  so 
fatal  to  the  prosperity  of  the  place ;  animosities  still  aris- 
ing in  the  people's  minds,  as  they  may  stand  affected  to 
this  or  that  government." 

In  Sept.,  1705,  "Benoni  and  his  wife,  Mary,  deeded 
to  son  Nathaniel  one  hundred  acres,  being  west  half,  &c., 
and  on  the  same  day  deeded  to  son  Stephen  dwelling  house, 
orchard,  &c." 

On  17  Nov.,  1705,  "Benoni,  Henry,  George,  William 
and  Nicholas  Gardiner  and  John  Watson,  all  of  King's 
Town,  and  Mary,  Joan,  Tabitha  and  Hannah  Gardiner  and 
Rebecca  Watson,  their  wives,  sold  to  John  Porter  four 
hundred  and  ten  acres,  &c."  These  records  account  for 
the  five  sons  and  two  daughters  of  George  and  Herodias 
Gardner.     Rebecca  Watson  was  the  younger  daughter, 

36 

1151107 


and  was  the  second  wife  of  John  Watson,  Dorcas,  the 
eldest  daughter,  having  been  his  first  wife. 

It  is  said  that  in  testimony  given  in  1727  Benoni  calls 
himself  "aged  ninety  years  and  upward,"  but  Austin  says : 
"It  may  well  be  thought  that  he  did  not  come  so  near  as 
did  his  brother,  Henry,  in  counting  the  lapse  of  time. 
In  1738  Henry  Gardiner  calls  himself  aged  about  ninety- 
three  years,  in  a  deposition  as  to  membership  of  the 
Church  of  England  in  Narragansett." 

Originally,  Narragansett  comprised  all  of  the  country 
once  occupied  by  the  Narragansett  Indians,  including  the 
islands  in  the  bay.  Trouble  arose  over  jurisdiction,  and 
in  1665  that  part  now  comprised  in  Washington  County, 
Rhode  Island,  was  erected  into  an  independent  jurisdic- 
tion, and  called  "The  King's  Province."  In  1726  it  was 
again  made  a  part  of  Rhode  Island,  as  King's  County, 
which,  after  the  Revolution,  was  changed  to  the  present 
name  of  Washington  County. 

There  was  great  prosperity  in  Narragansett,  and  con- 
ditions of  life  were  widely  different  from  the  conditions  in 
the  other  New  England  colonies.  The  Narragansett 
farmer  was  a  planter,  and  his  farm  a  plantation  in  size  as 
well  as  in  name.  The  style  of  living  approached  that  of 
the  landed-gentry  of  England,  and  was  not  equaled  else- 
where in  the  English  colonies  in  America,  unless  by  the 
wealthy  tobacco  planters  of  Virginia.  The  wealth  was 
in  the  land,  and  in  the  large  flocks  and  herds ;  the  income 
from  the  sale  of  horses,  cattle,  sheep,  grain  and  vast 
amounts  of  dairy  products.  The  famous  breed  of  "Nar- 
ragansett Pacers,"  much  in  demand  for  saddle  use,  origi- 
nated here.  All  of  this  was  made  possible  by  the  great 
fertility  of  the  soil  and  accessibility  to  the  Atlantic  coast 
markets,  including  the  West  Indies  and  South  America. 
The  social  life  and  generous  living  was  produced  by  the 
universal  custom  of  African  and  Indian  slavery,  and,  to 
a  certain  extent,  by  the  establishment  of  the  Church  of 
England  in  Narragansett. 

Narragansett  today  is  given  up  almost  entirely  to 
pleasure-seekers,  and  generous  living  still  obtains,  but  the 
old  families  of  Robinson,  Hazard,  Remington,  Jenkins, 

37 


Congdon,  Gardiner  and  many  others  have  widely  scat- 
tered, and  but  few  remain. 

The  Gardiners  shared  in  the  general  prosperity  in 
Narragansett.  They  were,  perhaps,  more  numerous  than 
any  other  family,  and  became  rich  and  influential.  They 
built  large  houses  (one  of  the  family  was  known  as  four- 
chimney  Amos),  and  many  large  memorial  houses  built 
by  them  are  still  standing  in  South  Kingston.  They  fol- 
lowed the  custom  of  the  country  regarding  slavery,  and 
many  of  them,  despite  their  non-conformist,  Quaker  line- 
age, affiliated  with  the  Church  of  England  on  its  establish- 
ment in  Narragansett.  The  plat  of  the  first  church,  St. 
Paul's,  shows  six  Gardiner  pews  out  of  a  total  of  twenty- 
six,  and  the  first  Rector,  Dr.  McSparren,  married  a  daugh- 
ter of  William  Gardiner,  son  of  Benoni. 

A  son  of  this  William  was  Dr.  Silvester  Gardiner,  of 
Boston,  before  mentioned,  possibly  the  most  skilled  sur- 
geon and  learned  physician  of  his  time  in  America.  He 
was  one  of  the  founders  of  King's  Chapel  in  Boston,  and 
the  founder  of  the  town  of  Gardiner,  Maine,  where  he  had 
large  tracts  of  land.  During  the  Revolution,  being  a  de- 
termined loyalist,  he  was  banished  from  the  country,  and 
his  estates  in  Massachusetts  and  Connecticut  were  con- 
fiscated, leaving  him  only  his  lands  in  Maine.  After  the 
war  he  returned  to  America  and  lived  at  Newport,  where 
he  died  in  1786. 

(3)  Stephen  Gardiner,  eldest  son  of  Benoni,  No.  2, 
born  in  Kingston  in  1677,  married  Amey  Sherman  in 
1700,  and  died  at  Gardner's  Lake,  Connecticut,  9  Febru- 
ary, 1743.  In  1731,  having  disposed  of  his  holdings  in 
Kingston,  he  removed,  with  his  family,  to  Connecticut,  and 
settled  near  what  has  since  been  known  as  Gardner's  Lake 
— a  small  body  of  water  in  New  London  County,  near 
Norwich,  and  bordered  by  the  towns  of  Bozrah,  Col- 
chester and  Montville.  This  was  the  first  radical  change 
of  location  made  by  any  of  the  descendants  of  George — 
the  immigrant — since  he  settled  at  Newport  in  1638,  near- 
ly one  hundred  years  earlier.  Individual  cases,  perhaps, 
but  this  was  a  family  of  fourteen,  starting  westward  into 
the  wilderness  on  the  quest  of  a  new  country,  cheaper  land 
and  greater  opportunities.     He  secured  the  land,  in  many 

38 


tracts  in  the  towns  bordering  the  lake,  and  it  is  thought 
that  his  house  was  in  that  part  of  Colchester  which  is 
now  the  town  of  Salem.  It  is  not  positively  known  just 
where  his  sons  and  grandsons  settled,  and  when  Gardner's 
Lake  is  given  herein  as  a  residence,  birthplace  or  place 
of  death,  it  may  mean  any  one  of  the  towns  named. 

His  reason,  if  any,  for  the  change  in  the  spelling  of 
his  name  is  not  known,  but  probably  the  change  was  acci- 
dental and  gradual.  Some  years  since,  this  matter  was 
investigated  by  the  Hon.  James  N.  Arnold,  statistician,  of 
Providence,  for  former  Governor  Morgan  Gardner  Bulk- 
ley,  of  Connecticut.  Mr.  Arnold's  report  was  kindly 
loaned  to  this  writer  by  Governor  Bulkley,  and  in  part  is 
as  follows: 

"In  Kingston  the  records  show  that  in  1705  Benoni 
Gardiner  deeded  land  to  his  son,  Stephen,  and  that  in 
1731  Stephen  deeded  the  same  land  to  John  Watson,  sign- 
ing the  deed  Stephen  Gardiner,  of  South  Kingston.  Other 
deeds  of  this  date  were  found  for  lands  in  Colchester, 
Connecticut,  bought  by  Stephen  Gardner,  of  South  Kings- 
ton." 

"In  Colchester,  deeds  were  found  dated  1733,  signed 
by  Stephen  Gardner,  of  Norwich,  and  from  this  time 
to  1742  he  appears  on  the  records  as  Stephen  Gardner, 
buying  lands  in  Colchester,  Bozrah  and  Montville.  His 
tombstone  in  the  cemetery  near  Gardner's  Lake  was 
cleaned,  and  this  inscription  deciphered:  'Here  lyes  ye 
body  of  Stephen  gardner  who  died  february  ye  9  1743 
and  in  ye  76  year  of  his  age.'  " 

There  is  no  evidence  that  he  affiliated  with  the  Church 
of  England  in  Narragansett,  the  marriages  of  his  children 
being  on  record,  some  with  the  Society  of  Friends  in 
Kingston  and  others  with  the  Congregational  Churches 
in  Connecticut,  and  from  this  time,  for  several  genera- 
tions, the  family  appears  to  have  held  with  this  church. 

Amey  (Sherman)  Gardiner,  wife  of  Stephen,  No.  3, 
was  from  another  non-conformist  Quaker  family.  Her 
grandfather,  Philip  Sherman,  came  to  Rhode  Island  in 
1638,  the  year  of  the  settlement,  from  Massachusetts, 
where  he  had  been  for  several  years  a  member  of  Ply- 
mouth Colony.    He  settled  at  Portsmouth,  and  was  the 

39 


first  secretary  of  the  Colony  of  Rhode  Island,  and  during 
his  life  was  very  active  in  colonial  affairs.  He  was  born 
in  Dedham,  Essex  County,  England,  and  his  father,  Sam- 
uel Sherman,  was  the  English  ancestor  of  many  distin- 
guished Americans,  among  whom  were  Roger  Sherman, 
the  signer;  General  William  T.  Sherman  and  his  brother, 
John  Sherman,  of  Ohio,  and  Philip  Sherman  was  himself 
the  American  ancestor  of  that  other  great  soldier,  Gen- 
eral Thomas  W.  Sherman,  who  was  born  at  Newport  in 
1813,  graduated  from  West  Point  in  1836  and  served  con- 
tinuously in  the  army  until  his  retirement,  in  1870,  with 
the  rank  of  Major  General. 

Benjamin  Sherman,  son  of  Philip  and  father  of 
Amey,  was  also  of  Portsmouth.  He  married  Hannah, 
daughter  of  Roger  Mowry,  of  Providence,  who  was  a 
cousin  of  Roger  Williams. 

(4)  Daniel  Gardner,  fourth  son  of  Stephen  Gardner, 
No.  3,  was  born  in  Kingston,  14  December,  1709.  He 
married,  1735,  Bathsheba  Smith,  and  settled  at  Gardner's 
Lake,  where  he  died  31  May,  1755.  He  was  a  farmer, 
who  acquired  property,  and  whose  will  is  on  file  at  Nor- 
wich. 

The  ancestry  of  his  wife,  Bathsheba  (Smith)  Gard- 
ner, is  marked  by  two  lines  leading  to  James  Rogers,  of 
Nev/  London,  her  father,  James  Smith,  having  married 
Elizabeth  Rogers,  his  cousin.  James  Rogers,  of  New 
London,  was  one  of  the  noted  men  of  his  time.  He  was 
born  in  England,  about  1615,  came  to  America — in  the 
ship  Increase — in  1635,  and  was  first  known  in  New 
Haven  County,  Connecticut,  where  he  married  Elizabeth 
Rowland.  He  soon  removed  to  New  London,  where  he 
was  an  active,  aggressive  man  of  business,  and  was  known 
as  the  wealthiest  man  of  New  London.  He  gained  more 
notoriety,  however,  from  his  independence  or  dissension 
in  matters  of  religion,  when,  after  seceeding  from  the 
First  Congregational  Church  of  New  London,  he  founded 
a  sect  or  church  called  Seventh-Day  Baptists,  or  Roger- 
ines.  His  son,  Jonathan,  and  his  daughter,  Bathsheba, 
were  leaders  in  this  movement,  and  of  Bathsheba,  Miss 
Caulkins,  the  historian,  says:  "Like  her  father,  she  in- 
vited   persecution,    and    received    it."    Robert    Burdick, 

40 


whose  daughter,  Naomi,  married  Jonathan  Rogers,  was 
an  elder  in  the  Rogerine  Church. 

Richard  Smith,  of  Lyme,  who  married  Bathsheba 
Rogers,  was  born  in  England,  and  died  in  1682.  He  was 
a  prominent  man  in  Lyme  and  in  New  London  County. 

(5)  Daniel  Gardner  II.,  eldest  son  of  Daniel  Gardner, 
No.  4,  was  born  9  October,  1738,  and  hved  his  entire  life 
at  Gardner's  Lake,  where  he  died  12  May,  1806.  He  mar- 
ried, 6  July,  1763,  Elizabeth  Clark,  of  New  London,  who 
was  born  in  1735,  and  died  12  July,  1806.  Both  are 
buried  in  the  cemetery  on  a  Gardner  farm  near  Gardner's 
Lake.  He  was  also  a  farmer,  and  acquired  property,  as 
is  attested  by  his  will  on  file  at  Norwich,  and  in  which  he 
mentions:  "My  grandson,  Giles,  son  of  my  son,  Daniel, 
and  my  grandson,  Daniel,  son  of  my  son,  Daniel." 

At  this  time  in  New  England  there  were  numerous 
Elizabeth  Clarks,  but  it  has  been  impossible  to  identify 
the  one  who  married  Daniel  Gardner.  The  writer  has 
searched  diligently,  as  have  others,  with  as  little  success, 
and  can  say,  with  Lord  Dundreary,  "This  is  one  of  the 
things  that  no  fellow  can  find  out." 

In  1781,  when  Arnold  raided  New  London  and  burned 
the  public  buildings,  all  records  were  destroyed  except 
some  church  records,  and  there  has  been  found  only  the 
record  of  her  marriage,  at  the  First  Congregational 
Church. 

(6)  Daniel  Gardner  III.,  eldest  son  of  Daniel  Gard- 
ner II., No.  5,  was  born  10  May,  1764,  married,  1  July, 
1787,  Anne  Crocker,  and  died  25  July,  1789.  The  record 
of  his  death  is  found  in  Windham  County,  and  he  may 
have  gone  there  after  his  marriage,  but,  if  so,  he  had  not 
permanently  located  there,  and  after  his  death  his  widow 
lived  at  Gardner's  Lake,  and  in  Franklin,  until  her  sec- 
ond marriage.  He  enlisted,  in  1781,  in  the  20th  Con- 
necticut Regiment,  and  served  in  that  year  and  in  1782. 
The  record  of  enlistment  reads:  "Daniel  Gardner  2nd," 
and  it  has  been  claimed  for  his  father,  but  it  probably 
means  Daniel  Gardner,  Jr.,  who  was  of  better  age  for 
military  service  than  was  his  father.  Mrs.  Atwood,  No. 
14,  was  very  positive  that  her  grandfather, Daniel  III., 
and  not  his  father,   Daniel  II.,  was  the  revolutionary 

41 


soldier. 

Anne  (Crocker)  Gardner,  wife  of  Daniel  Gardner 
III.,  had  the  reputation,  among  those  who  knew  her,  of 
having  been  a  remarkably  able  and  efficient  woman,  and 
of  having  lived  a  most  strenuous  life.  She  was  born  in 
Franklin,  Connecticut,  27  October,  1767;  married  Daniel 
Gardner  1  July,  1787;  and  was  left  a  widow  at  the  age 
of  twenty-two,  with  two  children — one  of  them  born  six 
weeks  after  the  death  of  her  husband.  She  married, 
secondly,  1  February,  1797,  John  Crocker,  and  went  to 
live,  in  a  then  new  country,  at  Lebanon,  New  Hampshire, 
leaving  her  two  sons  with  their  grandfather,  Daniel  II. 
After  the  death  of  John  Crocker,  in  1808,  she  returned  to 
Connecticut  with  two  young  children,  having  buried  four 
in  New  Hampshire.  With  her  two  older  sons  she  lived 
at  Lyme,  West  Haddam,  and  Ware  House  Point.  About 
1815,  she  moved  to  Palmyra,  and  from  there  to  Rochester, 
New  York,  where  she  died  14  December,  1835.  In 
Rochester,  both  she  and  her  daughter,  Mrs.  Prudence 
(Crocker)  Ailing,  were  noted  for  their  charities  and 
church  work. 

Her  ancestry — as  shown  in  Part  One — is  the  New 
England  type,  and  authentic.  Thomas  Crocker,  the  im- 
migrant, was  bom  in  England  about  1630,  and  was  in 
New  London  in  1660.  He  bought  a  house  in  New  Street, 
and  his  name  appears  in  Letters  Patent  by  King  Charles 
II.  the  same  year.  He  was  one  of  the  foremost  men  of 
New  London,  married  Rachel,  daughter  of  George  Chap- 
pel,  and  died  18  January,  1716. 

Samuel  Crocker,  his  third  son,  was  born  in  New  Lon- 
don 27  July,  1676,  married  Hannah  Wolcott  30  December, 
1697,  and  died  in  Franklin,  Connecticut,  29  August,  1754. 
He  early  purchased  land  on  Little  Lebanon,  now  Crocker's 
Hill,  in  Norwich  West  Farms,  now  the  town  of  Franklin. 
His  descendants  were  numerous,  intermarried  with  the 
best  families  of  New  London  County,  and  were  a  leading 
family  in  Franklin. 

(7)  Daniel  Gardner  IV.,  second  son  of  Daniel  Gard- 
ner III.,  No.  6,  was  born  11  October,  1789;  married  Pru- 
dence Whipple,  17  January,  1813,  and  died  in  Johnstown, 

42 


Ohio,  23  March,  1842.  As  a  boy  he  lived  with  his  grand- 
father at  Gardner's  Lake.  After  his  mother  returned 
from  New  Hampshire,  he  lived  with  her  until  he  married. 
He  continued  at  Ware  House  Point — in  the  old  town  of 
Windsor — until  1830,  when  he  moved,  and  settled  in 
Johnstown,  Licking  County,  Ohio.  This  was  the  first 
radical  change  made  by  this  branch  of  the  family  since 
Stephen  Gardner,  No.  3,  came  to  Gardner's  Lake,  one 
hundred  years  earlier,  and  it  was  indeed  a  radical  change. 
The  journey  was  made  by  stage,  canal  and  lake  boats,  and 
the  latter  part  by  purchased  and  hired  teams,  and  con- 
sumed nearly  the  entire  summer. 

He  bought  land  at  Johnstown,  and,  in  addition  to 
farming,  worked  at  his  trade — that  of  cooper.  He  had 
what,  in  those  days,  must  have  been  quite  a  factory,  em- 
ploying several  men  besides  his  sons.  He  made,  chiefly, 
pork,  flour  and  whiskey  barrels,  which  were  delivered  by 
teams,  in  some  cases,  to  Cincinnati.  In  a  letter  written 
in  1833  to  friends  in  Connecticut  he  claimed  to  have  made 
more  than  one  thousand  dollars,  clear  of  all  expenses,  since 
leaving  Ware  House  Point,  which  was  surely  doing  well. 
He  was  an  exemplary  citizen  and  a  devout  Episcopalian ; 
and,  there  being  no  church  of  this  denomination  nearer 
than  twenty  miles,  he  and  his  wife,  owing  to  poor  roads, 
often  made  the  trip  on  horseback. 

His  wife,  Prudence  (Whipple)  Gardner,  was  the 
youngest  child  of  Thomas  Whipple,  of  New  London,  bom 
1748 ;  died  in  New  London  4  October,  1804,  and  here  an- 
other fine  line  of  ancestry  has  been  lost,  owing  to  Arnold's 
raid  and  the  burning  of  New  London  records. 

Efforts  have  been  made  to  trace  this  line — by  many 
persons  interested — without  success.  The  most  reasona- 
ble supposition  seems  to  be  that  Thomas  Whipple  was  a 
grandson  of  Samuel  Whipple,  of  Groton,  born  1669,  who 
was  in  Groton  across  the  river  from  New  London,  in  1709, 
where  he  died  in  1729.  He  was  the  son  of  Samuel  Whip- 
ple, of  Providence,  son  of  John  Whipple,  of  Dorchester, 
Massachusetts,  1632.  Samuel,  of  Groton,  had  sons,  but 
which  son  or  grandson  settled  in  New  London  is  not 
known.    "This  is  offered  as  a  theory  only,  which  would 

43 


be  worth  the  effort  if  it  could  be  established  as  a  fact." 

Thomas  Whipple  was  a  man  of  good  standing  in  New 
London,  and  of  considerable  means.  His  wife,  Catherine 
(Jeffery)  Whipple,  was  born  in  England  about  1749. 
Her  father,  Isaac  Jeffery,  came  to  New  London,  from  Eng- 
land, probably  in  1750,  where  he  died  about  1800.  He 
was  a  wealthy  merchant,  and  for  some  years  was  blind. 
At  the  time  of  Arnold's  raid  he  sent  his  family  to  his  coun- 
try home  at  Norwich,  but  remained,  himself,  in  New  Lon- 
don to  protect  his  property,  and  in  some  way  he  so  pre- 
vailed on  Arnold  that  none  of  his  buildings  were  burned, 
but  he  lost  heavily  from  the  looting  of  his  stores.  After 
this  he  was  called  a  tory,  and,  being  of  English  birth,  may 
have  been  a  loyalist,  or,  as  Arnold  at  one  time  lived  in 
New  London,  his  influence  may  have  been  personal,  or 
he  may  have  purchased  protection.  He  lost  heavily  from 
depreciation  of  currency  at  the  close  of  the  war,  and  died 
comparatively  poor. 

His  son,  Moses,  born  probably  in  1748,  reared  a  fam- 
ily in  New  London,  and  returned  to  England  after  the 
death  of  his  father.  One  record  concerning  him,  of  a  mili- 
tary nature,  has  survived,  and  is  here  reproduced : 

"New  London,  Dec.  30,   1777.     This  certifies  that 
Thomas  Whipple  and  Moses  Jeffery  have  procured  and 
furnished  a  substitute  to  serve  in  the  Continental  Army 
during  the  present  war. 
(Signed)       John  Wyllys,  Captain  in  Col.  Webbs'  Regt." 

Mrs.  Sabrina  (Gardner)  Crocker,  No.  14,  who  per- 
sonally knew  her  grandmother,  Catherine  (Jefferey) 
Whipple,  and  who  had  a  distinct  remembrance  of  her,  is 
the  authority  for  the  Jefferey  and  Whipple  notes. 

(8)  Daniel  Gardner  V.  was  pre-eminently  a  man  of 
affairs.  Liberal  in  every  sense  of  the  word,  broad-mind- 
ed and  public-spirited  to  a  high  degree,  he  was  for  years 
the  representative  man  in  the  communities  in  which  he 
lived.  Born  in  1815  at  Ware  House  Point,  East  Windsor, 
Connecticut,  he  emigrated  with  the  family,  in  1831,  to 
Johnstown,  Licking  County,  Ohio.  After  the  death  of 
his  father,  in  1842,  he  was  recognized  as  the  head  of  the 
family  and  became  well  and  favorably  known  in  Licking 

44 


and  adjoining  counties.  He  was  an  active  member  of  the 
Board  of  County  Commissioners  for  eight  or  ten  years, 
and  in  1856  was  elected,  as  a  democrat,  to  the  Ohio  Sen- 
ate, but  in  1858  he  was  defeated  for  re-election,  being  a 
candidate  on  the  first  republican  ticket  nominated  in  the 
State  of  Ohio. 

In  November,  1859,  he  removed  to  West  Urbana,  Illi- 
nois, and  in  April,  1861,  when  the  town  was  organized — 
under  a  special  charter — as  the  city  of  Champaign,  he 
was  elected  Mayor.  He  was  also  school  director  at  the 
time  of  the  building  and  organization  of  the  first  high 
school  in  Champaign,  and  was  the  first  one  to  advocate 
the  building.  This  includes  all  of  the  public  elective  offices 
he  ever  held  or  sought,  although  often  favorably  mention- 
ed, and  urged  for  high  office  in  the  State  and  county.  In 
politics  he  was  a  republican  from  the  first  organization, 
and  of  high  standing  and  great  influence  in  the  councils 
of  his  party.  While  never  called  a  "boss,"  it  was  a 
recognized  fact  that  his  support  was  very  necessary  to 
any  one  seeking  a  republican  nomination,  and  at  that  time, 
when  such  nomination  was  equivalent  to  election,  few,  if 
any,  in  Champaign  County  who  had  his  support  were  de- 
feated. 

In  1860  or  '61,  on  the  failure  of  the  Cattle  Bank,  he 
was  selected  by  the  other  depositors  to  represent  them 
in  the  settlement  of  their  claims,  and  secured  an  offer 
from  Mr.  B.  F.  Harris,  President  of  the  Bank — which 
was  accepted — to  take  the  assets  and  pay  to  the  depositors 
sixty  per  cent,  of  their  claims,  Mr.  Gardner  to  take  charge, 
realize  on  assets  and  pay  depositors.  He  was  able  to  do 
this,  without  any  loss  to  Mr.  Harris,  and  without  any  re- 
muneration for  his  services,  he  receiving  only  sixty  per 
cent,  of  his  own  deposit. 

The  town  then  being  without  a  bank,  and  the  out- 
look favorable,  he  organized  the  Banking  House  of  D. 
Gardner  and  Company,  which  for  years  did  an  extensive 
business,  satisfactory  alike  to  the  bank  and  its  customers. 
It  is  safe  to  say  that — as  a  banker — Mr.  Gardner  recog- 
nized his  obligations  to  his  customers  and  neighbors  as 
much,  if  not  to  a  greater  extent,  than  he  did  to  his  own 

45 


interests,  and  that  many  of  his  neighbors  would  have  been 
unable  to  weather  the  panic  of  1873  and  the  bad  years 
following,  but  for  his  assistance;  and  that  he  was,  far 
and  away,  the  first  citizen  of  Champaign,  as  he  had  been 
the  first  Mayor. 

In  1879,  owing  to  depression  in  business,  inability  to 
make  collections,  or  to  realize  on  real  estate  investments, 
the  bank  was  not  in  condition  to  withstand  the  run 
which  started  the  first  of  July.  Mr.  Gardner  decided 
to  place  the  bank  in  liquidation,  and  made  application  for 
a  receiver  on  the  sixth,  and  the  appointment  was  made. 
The  run  was  started  by  the  action  of  a  partner  in  the 
bank  in  transferring  his  personal  real  estate  and  his 
interest  in  the  bank's  realty  to  a  brother,  thus  placing  it 
beyond  the  reach  of  the  bank  or  of  its  depositors,  and  also 
by  the  withdrawal  of  deposits  by  this  partners  friends. 
Suit  was  brought  by  the  receiver  to  annul  this  transfer, 
and,  pending  a  decision,  he  was  hampered  in  many  ways, 
and  but  little  accomplished.  Finally  a  compromise  was 
effected,  which  eliminated  all  other  interest  in  the  bank, 
Mr.  Gardner  assuming  all  liabilities.  The  remaining 
years  of  his  life  were  devoted  to  the  settlement  of  his 
affairs,  which  at  the  time  of  his  death  was  practically 
accomplished,  and  soon  after  the  receiver  made  his  final 
report,  showing  all  debts  paid,  and  was  discharged,  the 
remaining  assets  being  turned  over  to  Mr.  Gardner's 
estate. 

During  his  life  in  Champaign,  aside  from  banking, 
Mr.  Gardner  was  extensively  engaged  in  farming,  stock 
raising  and  feeding,  dealing  in  grain  and  other  produce, 
and  many  other  enterprises.  He  was  for  twenty  years  a 
member  of  the  Chicago  Board  of  Trade,  and  had  large 
interests  there  in  packing,  and  in  the  grain  and  provision 
trade.  As  a  citizen,  he  was  generally  the  first  to  be 
solicited  for  support  for  any  public  movement,  and  was 
always  a  liberal  subscriber  and  an  effective  worker. 

No  one  gave  more,  if  as  much,  in  money  and  influence 
to  secure  the  location  of  the  State  University  in  Cham- 
paign County,  than  did  he,  and  he  repeatedly  advanced 
money  subscribed,  which  in  some  cases  amounted  to  an 

46 


increase  of  his  own  subscription.  He  financed  two  strong 
efforts  to  locate  coal  at  Champaign.  He  was  an  organizer 
and  first  treasurer  of  the  company  that  built  the  railroad 
from  Danville  to  Pekin,  Illinois,  and  he  also  did  much 
toward  the  building  of  the  line  from  Champaign  to  De- 
catur. He  was  an  organizer,  one  of  the  largest  stock- 
holders and  treasurer  of  the  Champaign  and  Urbana  Gas 
Company.  He  was  an  organizer,  large  stockholder  and 
President  of  the  Champaign  County  Fair  Association, 
which  first  located  at  Champaign.  But  the  work  of  his 
life,  in  which  he  had  the  most  interest,  and  the  most  pride, 
was  the  office  of  Trustee  of  the  University  of  Illinois. 

Of  this  work  no  one  is  better  qualified  to  speak  than 
Dr.  Thomas  J.  Burrill,  for  a  long  time  Vice  President  of 
the  University,  and  who  in  a  letter  to  the  writer,  under 
date  of  March  18th,  1895,  says: 

"Your  father,  Daniel  Gardner,  was  a  member  of  the 
Board  of  Trustees  of  the  University  of  Illinois — then  Illi- 
nois Industrial  University — from  1873  to  1881.  He  was 
appointed  by  the  Governor  of  the  State,  after  the  passage 
of  the  law  in  1873  reorganizing  the  Board,  and  drew  the 
short  term  of  two  years.  He  was  again  appointed  in 
1875  for  the  regular  term  of  six  years. 

"He  was  during  most  of  the  time  a  member  of  the 
Executive  Committee  of  the  Board,  and,  therefore,  had — 
with  two  others — much  of  the  business  affairs  of  the 
University  to  look  after.  While  a  member  of  the  Board 
he  especially  had  to  do  with  the  finances  of  the  institu- 
tion, with  the  practical  affairs  of  the  farm  and  of  the 
buildings  and  grounds,  and  with  the  lands  held  by  the 
University  in  Western  States.  When,  during  his  time  of 
service,  a  special  standing  committee  on  buildings  and 
grounds  was  created,  he  was  chairman  of  it,  and  held  this 
place  to  the  end  of  his  term.  During  the  time  the  Chem- 
ical Laboratory  was  erected  he,  as  chairman  of  said  com- 
mittee, had  much  to  do  with  the  structure.  The  avenue 
of  trees  extending  southward  from  University  Hall  to 
the  Farmer's  house  was  an  idea  of  Mr.  Gardiner's,  and 
it  was  planted  according  to  his  suggestions.  As  he  was 
the  only  local  member  of  the  Board,  he  was  often  called 

47 


upon  to  express  opinions  or  give  directions,  and  always 
seemed  ready  to  give  his  time  and  attention  to  these 
things.  I  beheve  he  always  had  the  best  good  of  the 
institution  very  close  to  his  heart,  and  always  did  his  best 
to  promote  its  interests.  I  am  pretty  sure  he  never 
missed  a  meeting  of  the  Board." 

(Signed)     "THOS.  J.  BURRILL." 

The  writer,  of  his  own  personal  knowledge,  will  say 
that  when  his  own  business  and  the  affairs  of  the  Uni- 
versity both  demanded  his  time,  the  University  affairs 
took  precedence.  Mr.  Gardner's  connection  with  the  Uni- 
versity was  during  the  critical  times  of  its  existence,  and 
it  is  doubtful  if  a  man  can  be  named  who,  from  first  to 
last,  has  worked  harder  and  done  more  to  make  the  Uni- 
versity of  Illinois  what  it  is  today  than  did  he. 

His  grave  in  Mount  Hope  Cemetery  overlooks  the 
grounds  he  did  so  much  to  improve  and  beautify. 


48 


Hodges 

The  name  Hodges  is  found  in  several  counties  in 
England,  belonging  to  families  of  repute,  many  of  them 
of  rank,  and  distinction,  and  of  long  establishment.  The 
coat  of  arms  here  emblazoned,  is  a  general  type  of  the 
many  Hodges  arms  belonging  to  various  branches  of  the 
family  in  England.  The  accompanying  cut  is  a  repro- 
duction of  an  original  engraving  of  1726,  the  arms  of 
Sir  Nathaniel  Hodges,  Kt. 

Arms:  or,  three  crescents 
sable;  on  a  canton  of  the  last, 
a  ducal  coronet  of  the  first; 
impaling — vert,  three  lions, 
rampant,  argent,  a  chief  of 
the  last.  Crest :  out  of  a  ducal 
coronet,  or,  a  crescent  sable. 

Among  the  early  settlers 
y--^   /  /^   /       7^   A       of  New  England  were  several 
jryaAfSa^f€.Kn,t       „f  jj,^  „^„^  „f     Hodges,  and 

Hodge.  The  founder  of  the  Taunton,  Massachusetts, 
branch,  was — 

No.  1.  William  Hodges  (  -1654).  Nothing 
definite  is  known  regarding  him,  previous  to  his  coming 
to  Taunton — then  a  part  of  Plymouth  Colony.  His  name 
first  appears,  August,  1643,  in  the  list  of  males,  of  Taun- 
ton, between  the  ages  of  sixteen  and  sixty,  able  to  bear 
arms.  He  was  one  of  the  original  stockholders  of  the  first 
Taunton  Ironworks,  and  held  considerable  other  property. 
There  is  still  on  file  at  Plymouth,  "an  inventory  of  the 
goods  and  chattels  of  William  Hodges,  late  of  Taunton, 
deceased  April  2nd,  1654."  He  married  Mary,  daughter 
of  Henry  Andrews,  of  Taunton. 

Henry  Andrews  was  one  of  the  original  purchasers 
of  Taunton  from  the  Indians,  in  1637;  one  of  the  first 
seven  freemen  of  Taunton,  one  of  the  first  two  deputies 


from  Taunton,  to  the  General  Court,  1639;  deputy  also 
in  1643,  1647  and  1649;  one  of  the  original  stockholders 
of  the  first  Taunton  Ironworks ;  builder  of  the  first  meet- 
ing house  in  Taunton,  and  in  other  ways,  one  of  the  first 
men,  and  one  of  the  wealthiest,  of  the  town. 

No.  2.  John  Hodges  (1650-1719)  was  a  man  of  en- 
terprise, and  acquired  a  great  amount  of  real  estate.  He 
was  one  of  the  purchasers  of  Taunton  South  Purchase 
(Dighton)  from  King  Philip,  in  1672.  The  roster  of  8 
April,  1682,  shows  that  he  was  in  the  second  squadron  of 
the  military  company;  the  four  squadrons  taking  turns 
in  bringing  their  arms  to  meeting  on  every  Sabbath  day 
— by  order  of  court.  His  homestead  in  Taunton  has  been 
owned  and  occupied  by  his  descendants  until  the  present 
time,  descending  from  father  to  son,  to  the  sixth  genera- 
tion, the  present  owner  being  Lewis  Hodges  Goward, 
Esq.  He,  John  Hodges,  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of 
George  and  Susannah  (Street)  Macey,  of  Taunton. 

George  Macey  was  one  of  the  original  purchasers  of 
Taunton;  captain  of  the  mihtary  company  in  1643;  one 
of  those  appointed  to  order  town  affairs  in  1648,  1650, 
and  1658;  selectman  from  1671  to  1686,  and  a  magistrate 
for  the  county  of  Plymouth  in  1690.  His  wife  was  the 
daughter  of  the  Rev.  Nicholas  Street,  of  Taunton. 

No.  3.  William  Hodges  (1682-1766)  settled  first  at 
Taunton  North  Purchase  (Norton)  and  after  the  death  of 
his  father  moved  to  Taunton  and  occupied  the  homestead. 
About  1730,  he  tore  down  the  house,  and  on  the  same  site 
'erected  the  structure  now  standing  at  the  corner  of  Tre- 
mont  and  Granite  streets.  He  was  Captain  of  the  third 
military  company,  and  in  1735  was  one  of  the  founders 
of  New  Taunton  (now  Westminster,  Vermont) .  He  mar- 
ried Hannah,  daughter  of  Joseph  and  Mary  (Leonard) 
Tisdale,  of  Taunton. 

Joseph  Tisdale  was  son  of  James  Tisdale,  one  of  the 
first  settlers  of  Taunton,  who  was  son  of  John  Tisdale, 
immigrant,  of  Duxbury.  His  wife,  Mary,  was  daughter 
of  Thomas  and  Mary  (Watson)  Leonard,  of  Taunton,  and 
Thomas  was  son  of  James  Leonard,  also  of  Taunton. 

50 


No.  4.  George  Hodges  (1711-1786)  was  of  more 
than  ordinary  mind  and  influence.  In  1749  and  1750  he 
kept  a  public  house  in  Taunton,  and  in  1754  he  bought 
land  in  Woodstock,  Connecticut,  and  took  his  family  there. 
His  son,  George  Hodges,  served  in  the  French  and  Indian 
war,  enlisting  in  1756.  He  married  Susannah,  daughter 
of  Morgan  and  Susannah  (Willis)  Cobb,  of  Taunton, 
and  both  Vv^ere  buried  in  the  old  graveyard  in  South  War- 
ren, Massachusetts. 

Morgan  Cobb  was  son  of  Augustine  Cobb,  a  leading 
man  of  Taunton,  one  of  whose  descendants.  Colonel  Cobb, 
was  aide-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  General  Washington. 
His  wife,  Susannah,  was  daughter  of  Joseph  WiUis,  a 
proprietor  of  Taunton,  who  was  son  of  John  Willis,  im- 
migrant, of  Duxbury.  Joseph  Willis  married  a  daughter 
of  Thomas  Lincoln,  immigrant,  of  Hingham   in  1635. 

No.  5.  Daniel  Hodges  (1754-1829)  was  a  prominent 
citizen  in  Western,  Massachusetts.  He  was  selectman 
for  twelve  years;  moderator  of  the  annual  town  meeting 
for  thirteen  years;  treasurer  for  five  years;  representa- 
tive for  five  years;  justice  of  the  peace;  Captain  of  the 
militia  company,  and  held  various  other  offices.  He  mar- 
ried Rachel  Rich,  daughter  of  Thomas  and  Huldah 
(Cheney)  Rich,  of  Western — name  changed,  in  1834,  to 
Warren. 

Thomas  Rich  was  one  of  the  most  influential  men  in 
Western.  His  wife,  Huldah,  was  a  daughter  of  Thomas 
Cheney,  of  Western,  who  was  son  of  Thomas,  grandson 
of  Thomas,  and  great-grandson  of  William  Cheney,  immi- 
grant, a  landholder  in  Roxbury  before  1640. 

No.  6.  Thomas  Cheney  Hodges  (1784-1872)  was 
for  many  years  a  popular  and  useful  citizen  of  Western, 
now  Warren.  His  two  sons  were  men  of  high  character, 
and  his  daughters  were  noted  for  their  beauty.  He  was 
Captain  of  the  militia  company  and  held  other  offices. 
About  1850  he  moved  to  Knox  County,  Ohio,  where  he 
died.  He  married  Olive,  daughter  of  Abner  and  Bethiah 
(Muzzy)  Tyler,  of  Western. 

Abner  Tyler  was  son  of  Deacon  John  and  Sarah 

51 


(Barron)  Tyler,  of  Western.  He  was  a  Lieutenant  during 
the  Revolutionary  War,  in  the  4th  Worcester  County 
Regiment,  and  both  he  and  his  father  were  leading  men 
in  Western.  His  first  paternal  ancestor  in  America  was 
Job  Tyler,  the  actual  first  settler  of  Andover,  there  in 
advance  of  the  official  settlement  in  1640.  Job's  son  was 
Moses  Tyler,  Quarter  Master,  in  charge  of  all  military 
stores.  He  married  Prudence,  daughter  of  George  Blake, 
of  Gloucester. 

John  Tyler,  sea  captain,  was  son  of  Moses.  He  mar- 
ried Ann,  daughter  of  John  Messenger,  of  Charlestown, 
who  was  son  of  Henry  Messenger,  of  Boston.  John  Tyler 
was  the  father  of  Deacon  John  Tyler,  before  mentioned. 
The  families  of  Blake,  Messenger,  Barron,  and  Muzzy, 
were  second  to  none  in  New  England. 

(7)  Mary  Josephine  Hodges,  fourth  daughter  of 
Thomas  Cheney  Hodges  (6),  was  born  in  Western,  Mass., 
11  October,  1817.  When  twelve  years  of  age  she  went  to 
Boston  to  the  home  of  her  aunt,  Mrs.  Seraph  Ammidov/n, 
whose  position  and  influence  gave  every  opportunity  for 
study  and  culture.  She  remained  with  Mrs.  Ammidown 
five  years,  and  then  went  to  the  home  of  her  sister,  Ruth, 
the  wife  of  Dr.  John  Baxter,  of  New  York,  who  much 
desired  her.  She  remained  in  New  York  until  after  her 
sister's  death,  in  1834,  and  then  returned  to  Massachu- 
setts. She  continued  her  studies  in  New  York,  and  in 
the  home  of  Dr.  Baxter  met  many  of  the  brightest  and 
most  advanced  thinkers  of  the  time. 

After  the  death  of  her  sister,  Ruth,  Dr.  Baxter  mar- 
ried, in  1838,  her  eldest  sister,  Cassandana,  and  persuaded 
her  to  come  to  them  in  Ohio,  where  she  was  married — 
from  their  house — 6  April,  1840,  to  Daniel  Gardner  V. 

Never  effusive,  rather  reserved,  she  made  many  firm 
friends  v/herever  she  was  known,  and  was  in  every  way 
all  that  a  wife,  mother  and  friend  should  be.  She  survived 
her  husband  less  than  two  years,  and  died  at  Champaign, 
Illinois,  1  January,  1885. 

No  one  was  better  qualified  to  write  regarding  the 
Hodges  family,  in  general,  than  was  the  late  Almon  D. 

52 


Hodges,  Esq.,  of  Boston.  As  a  finish  to  the  Hodges  notes, 
the  "Introduction"  to  his  book,  "The  Hodges  Family  of 
New  England,"  published  in  1896,  is  here  reprinted  by- 
permission  : — 

"The  history  of  the  Hodges  family  is  a  pleasant  one. 
New  England  has  produced  more  brilliant  and  more 
noted  families,  but  it  may  well  be  doubted  whether  it  has 
produced  a  single  one  which,  taken  from  beginning  to  end, 
has  had  fewer  weak  spots  or  has  been  more  genuinely 
useful  to  the  community.  In  sturdy  independence,  fair- 
mindedness  and  loyalty,  the  tribe  has  been  probably  un- 
surpassed. Indeed,  its  very  pre-eminence  in  these  quali- 
ties, which  are  so  valuable  for  the  public  good,  has  inter- 
fered with  the  prominence  of  individual  members,  and 
with  their  obtaining  a  reputation  and  position  justly  de- 
served ;  for  they  have  refused  to  take  anything  not  earned, 
and  have  refrained  from  pushing  themselves  forward  at 
the  expense  of  their  neighbors,  and  have  made  constant 
sacrifices  for  the  sake  of  their  country.  Evidence  of  these 
facts  abound  in  the  following  pages,  and  one  example 
may  be  cited  here.  Had  that  officer  who — during  the  Civil 
War — performed  'one  of  the  most  brilliant  feats  of  logis- 
tics ever  recorded'  and  'without  a  parallel  on  record,  been 
less  modest,  less  independent,  less  observant  of  the  rights 
of  his  fellow-officers,  or  willing  to  seek  advancement  by  po- 
litical methods,  he  would  be  Brigadier-General  now,  with- 
out doubt;  whereas,  in  fact,  he  retires  from  active  service 
with  the  rank  of  Colonel,  on  account  of  the  irregular  ad- 
vancement of  an  inferior  officer  through  political  influ- 
ences." 

In  the  book  this  feat  is  described,  and  briefly  is  as 
follows : — 

"On  the  27th  of  February,  1862,  Captains  Henry  C. 
Hodges  and  Rufus  J.  Ingalls  received  an  order — without 
previous  notice — to  provide  transportation  and  to  trans- 
port McClellan's  army  from  in  front  of  Washington  to 
Fortress  Monroe.  Captain  Hodges  undertook  to  provide 
the  transportation,  and  in  eighteen  days  had  a  fleet  ready 
to  begin  loading.    Captain  Ingalls  then  took  charge,  and 

53 


Correction.  Page  54,  line  15.  Henry  C.  Hodges,  Jr. 
was  not  connected  with  the  Panama  Canal  as  incorrectly 
stated  here  and  in  foot-note  below,  but  has  since  Sept., 
1914,  been  Colonel  of  the  17th.  Infantry,  U.  S.  A.,  and  is 
now  stationed  at  Eagle  Pass,  Texas. 

Lieutenant-Colonel  Harry  F.  Hodges  was  Ass't.  Chief 
Engineer  of  the  Panama  Canal  and  after  its  completion 
was  advanced  to  the  rank  of  Brigadier  General  and  was 
assigned  to  the  command  of  the  Nor.th  Atlantic  Coast 
Artillery  District,  with  headquarters  at  Fort  Totten,  New 
York. 

These  two  officers,  second  cousins,  were  born  in  1860, 
entered  the  United  States  Military  Academy  in  1877, 
were  appointed  Second  Lieutenants  in  1881,  and  have 
been  in  continuous  service  ever  since.  The  similarity  of 
names  and  service  led  to  the  misstatement  herewith  cor- 
rected. 


Hodges,  Esq.,  of  Boston.  As  a  finish  to  the  Hodges  notes, 
the  "Introduction"  to  his  book,  "The  Hodges  Family  of 
New  England,"  published  in  1896,  is  here  reprinted  by 


War — performed  'one  of  the  most  brilliant  feats  of  logis- 
tics ever  recorded'  and  'without  a  parallel  on  record,  been 
less  modest,  less  independent,  less  observant  of  the  rights 
of  his  fellow-officers,  or  willing  to  seek  advancement  by  po- 
litical methods,  he  would  be  Brigadier-General  now,  with- 
out doubt;  whereas,  in  fact,  he  retires  from  active  service 
with  the  rank  of  Colonel,  on  account  of  the  irregular  ad- 
vancement of  an  inferior  officer  through  political  influ- 
ences." 

In  the  book  this  feat  is  described,  and  briefly  is  as 
follows : — 

"On  the  27th  of  February,  1862,  Captains  Henry  C. 
Hodges  and  Rufus  J.  Ingalls  received  an  order — without 
previous  notice — to  provide  transportation  and  to  trans- 
port McClellan's  army  from  in  front  of  Washington  to 
Fortress  Monroe.  Captain  Hodges  undertook  to  provide 
the  transportation,  and  in  eighteen  days  had  a  fleet  ready 
to  begin  loading.    Captain  Ingalls  then  took  charge,  and 

53 


in  thirty-seven  days  from  the  time  the  order  was  received 
the  entire  movement  was  completed,  with  no  casualties, 
save  the  loss  of  eight  mules." 

This  feat  is  described — in  the  records  of  the  War 
Department — as  Mr.  Hodges  quotes,  "without  a  parallel 
on  record,  and  as  one  of  the  most  brilliant  feats  of  logistics 
ever  recorded" — and  he  intimates  that  the  credit  was 
appropriated  by  the  Assistant  Secretary,  or,  as  he  says, 
chief  clerk,  who  transmitted  the  order. 

Captain  Hodges,  who  is  now  Brigadier-General 
Henry  Clay  Hodges,  U.  S.  Army,  Retired,  is  a  great-grand- 
son of  George  Hodges,  No.  4,  in  this  record.  After  thirty- 
eight  years  of  active  service  he  was  certainly  entitled  to 
retirement  with  all  the  honors.  His  son,  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Henry  C.  Hodges,  U.  S.  Army,  is  assistant  chief 
engineer  of  the  Panama  Canal.  * 

The  sons  and  daughters  of  Daniel  Gardner,  IV.,  were 
reared  in  Johnstown  and,  excepting  two,  married  and  set- 
tled there,  and  four  of  the  number  lived  their  time,  died 
and  were  buried  in  Johnstown.  At  one  time  six  Gardner 
families  were  living  in  this  town,  and  none  stood  higher 
socially,  in  business,  or  as  citizens,  than  did  the  Gardners. 

(14)  Sabrina  Crocker  Gardner  (1814-1899)  was  the 
peer  in  ability  and  strong  character  of  any  Gardner  here 
recorded.  Without  the  aid  of  her  very  distinct  recollec- 
tions, these  records  would  lack  some  important  particu- 
lars. She  married  Jonathan  Wells  Attwood  and,  about 
1857,  moved  to  Messapotamia,  Ohio,  where  she  died. 

(15)  Charles  Merritt  Gardner  (1817-1893)  lived 
sixty-two  years  in  Johnstown,  where  he  died.  During 
most  of  this  time  he  was  in  business,  dealing  in  live  stock 
and  merchandizing. 

(16)  Prudence  Maria  Gardner  (1819-1867)  was  the 
first  one  of  this  generation  to  die.  Her  married  life  was 
passed  in  Johnstown,  entirely  devoted  to  her  family  and 
home.    She  married  Jonathan  Smith,  who  is  still  rated — 


*    Since  placing  this  Manuscript  in  the  hands  of  the  printer,  Lieutenant-Colonel  Henry 
C.  Hodgei  has  been  advanced  and  is  now  a  Brigadier  General  of  the  line. 


54 


by  old  residents — as  one  of  the  grandest  men  of  Johns- 
town. He  was,  by  occupation,  a  farmer  and  stock  raiser. 
After  the  mother's  death  the  family  moved  to  McMinn- 
ville,  Tennessee,  where  he  died,  as  did  his  daughter,  Sarah 
(Smith)  Stubblefield.  The  eldest  son,  Henry  Daniel  Smith 
(1841-1909)  was  president  of  the  First  National  Bank 
of  Appleton,  Wisconsin,  a  man  prominent  throughout  the 
State. 

(17)  Eunice  Ann  Gardner  (1823-1907)  lived  sev- 
enty-six years  in  Johnstown,  the  first  twelve  and  the  last 
thirty-five  years  in  the  same  house — the  Gardner  home- 
stead—built by  her  father  in  1832.  She  had  her  full 
share  of  trouble,  met  it  with  courage,  and  was  active  and 
energetic  to  the  last.  She  had  a  wide  acquaintance,  and 
was  universally  liked  and  sincerely  mourned.  She  mar- 
ried Andrew  Stevens,  a  very  popular  man  in  the  town 
and  county.  He  was,  by  occupation,  a  stock  raiser,  feeder 
and  dealer — specializing  in  horses  and  sheep,  in  which 
lines  he  was  expert.  He  was  son  of  Peter  Stevens,  one 
of  the  old  settlers  in  Johnstown. 

(18)  Thomas  Brownell  Gardner  (1824-1903)  was 
a  "Forty-niner,"  leaving  Johnstown  in  that  year  for  Cali- 
fornia— via  the  overland  route.  He  followed  the  diggings 
through  California,  Nevada,  Colorado  and  into  Montana 
with  varying  success,  and  in  1867  made  his  one  visit  to 
the  States.  He  returned  to  Montana,  and  from  that  time 
turned  his  attention  to  ranching.  At  the  time  of  his  death 
he  was  the  oldest  Odd  Fellow  and  one  of  the  oldest  "old- 
timers"  in  Montana.    He  married  Susan  Townsend. 

(19)  George  Christopher  Gardner  (1827-1894)  lived 
all — except  the  first  four  years — of  his  life  in  Johnstown. 
He  was  a  cooper,  and  worked  at  his  trade  and  did  some 
farming.  He — if  any  man — could  say  that  in  Johnstown 
there  were  none  but  who  were  his  friends,  and  that  he 
had  not  an  enemy  in  the  world.  He  married  Narcissa 
Rice,  who  preceded  him  in  death  by  four  days,  and  both 
were  buried  in  one  grave. 

(20)  Anson  James  Gardner  (1831-1907)  immigrated 
to  Illinois  in  1857  and  engaged  in  farming.  In  1860  he 
married  Mary  Elizabeth  Watson  and,  in  1862,  enlisted 

55 


in  the  107th  Illinois  Infantry.  After  the  war  he  returned 
to  Farmer  City,  and  in  1872  moved  to  Champaign,  where 
he  engaged  in  the  grain  business,  and  from  there  to  In- 
dianapolis, where  he  was  in  the  same  business  and  where 
he  died.  He  preceded  his  wife  in  death  by  four  days,  and 
they  were  buried  in  one  grave. 

"Note. — For  those  surviving  see  the  same  numbers 
in  section  one." 

The  descendants  of  Daniel  Gardner  V.  are  living — 
with  two  exceptions. 

Frederick  Cheney  Gardner,  eldest  bom  son,  died  in 
infancy. 

Bertha  Emily  Gardner,  granddaughter.  See  Section 
One  (10). 


56 


57