Ancient Laws and Institutes of Ireland Volume 1

the pResence of this Book

thej.m.kelly LIBRARY

has seen nu&e possiBle

thRouqh the qeneRosity

Stephen B. Roman

From the Library of Daniel Binchy

HIBERNLE LEGES ET INSTITUTIONES
ANTIQUE ;

OR,

ANCIENT LAWS AND INSTITUTES OF IRELAND.

ANCIENT LAWS

*ND

INSTITUTES OF IRELAND.

ON the 19th day of February, 1852, the Rev. James
Henthorne Todd, D.D., F.T.C.D., and the Very Rev. Charles
Graves, P.D., F.T.C.D., submitted to the Irish Government
a proposal for the transcription, translation, and publica-
tion of the Ancient Laws and Institutes of Ireland.

On the llth day of November, 1852, a Commission
was issued to the Right Honorable Francis Blackburne,
then Lord Chancellor of Ireland ; the Right Honorable
William, Earl of Rosse; the Right Honorable Edwin
Richard Wyndham, Earl of Dunraven and Mount-Earl ;
the Right Honorable James, Lord Talbot de Malahide ;
the Right Honorable David Richard Pigot, Lord Chief
Baron of Her Majesty's Court of Exchequer ; the Right
Honorable Joseph Napier, then Her Majesty's Attorney-
General for Ireland ; the Rev. Thomas Romney Robinson,
D.D. ; the Rev. James Henthorne Todd, D.B. ; the Rev.
Charles Graves, D.D. ; George Petrie, LL.D. ; and Major
Thomas Aiskew Larcom, now Major-General and Knight
Commander of the Bath appointing them Commissioners
to direct, superintend, and carry into effect the transcription
and translation of the Ancient Laws of Ireland, and the
preparation of the same for publication ; and the Commis-
sioners were authorized to select such documents and
writings containing the said Ancient Laws, as they should
deem it necessary to transcribe and translate; and from
time to time to employ fit and proper persons to transcribe
and translate the same.

In pursuance of the authority thus intrusted to the

Commissioners, they employed the late Dr. O'Donovan
and the late Professor O'Curry in transcribing various Law-
tracts in the Irish Language,, in the Libraries of Trinity
College, Dublin, of the Royal Irish Academy, of the
British Museum, and in the Bodleian Library at Oxford.

The transcripts* made by Dr. O'Donovan extend to
nine volumes, comprising 2,491 pages in all; and the
transcripts* made by Professor O'Curry are contained
in eight volumes, extending to 2,906 pages. Of these
transcripts several copies have been taken by the
anastatic process. After the transcription of such of
the Law-tracts as the Commissioners deemed i$ necessary
to publish, a preliminary translation of almost all the
transcripts was made by either Dr. O'Donovan or Professor
O'Curry, and some few portions were translated by them
both. They did not, however, live to revise and complete
their translations.

The preliminary translation executed by Dr. O'Donovan
is contained in twelve volumes, and the preliminary trans-
lation executed by Professor O'Curry is contained in
thirteen volumes.

"When the translation had so far progressed, the Com-
missioners employed W. Neilson Hancock, LL.D., formerly
Professor of Jurisprudence in Queen's College, Belfast, to
prepare the first part of the Senchus Mor for publication,
in conjunction with Dr. O'Donovan. The steps taken by
Dr. Hancock in carrying out the directions of the Com-
missioners, first with Dr. O'Donovan, and after his death,
with the assistance of the Rev. Thaddeus O'Mahony, Pro-
fessor of Irish in the University of Dublin, are fully
detailed in the preface to this volume.

Trinity College, Dublin,
3Wh January, 1865.

' I li.'M' transcripts are referred in throu-limit this vnliime l. v the page only, with tin-
initials O'D. and C. respectively.

ANCIENT LAWS OF IRELAND.

moil.

INTRODUCTION TO SENCHUS MOK,

AND

OR,

LAW OF DISTRESS,

AS CONTAINED

IN THE HAELEIAN MANUSCRIPTS.

PUBLISHED r.NUEK DIRECTION Of THE COMMISSIONERS FOR PUBI.1SHIXU THE ANCIENT
LAWS AND INSTITUTES OF IRELAND.

VOL. I.

DUBLIN :

PRINTED FOR HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE;
PUBLISHED BY

ALEXANDER THOM, 87 & 88, ABBEY-STREET;
HODGES, SMITH, & CO., 104, GRAFTOX-STREET.

LONDON :
LONGMAN, GREEN, LONGMAN, ROBERTS, AND GREEN.

1865.

DUBLIN, 24.th December, 1864.

SIR,

Having received instructions from the
Commissioners for publishing the Ancient Laws and
Institutes of Ireland, to prepare, in conjunction with
the late Dr. O'Donovan, the Senchus Mor for pub-
lication, and on Dr. O'Donovan's death, having been
directed by the Commissioners to complete, with the
assistance of the Rev. Professor O'Mahony, so much
of the manuscript and translation as had been revised
and partly prepared by Dr. O'Donovan, I have now
the honour to submit to the Commissioners the first
volume of the Senchus Mor.

I have to report the cordial co-operation and valu-
able aid of Professor O'Mahony, and the efficient
services of my Assistant, Thomas M. Busteed, A.B.,
in carrying out the Commissioners' directions.

' I am,

Sir,

Your obedient servant,

W. NEILSON HANCOCK.

The Very Rev. Dean GRAVES,

Brehon Law Commission Office,
Trinity College, Dublin.

a 2

PREFACE.

THE Senchus Mor has been selected by the Commissioners Reasons for
for early publication, as being one of the oldest and one of t heSen<Thus
the most important portions of the ancient laws of Ireland SI " r for

.., earl v pub -

which have been preserved It exhibits the remarkable ucation.
modification which these laws of Pagan origin underwent,
in the fifth century, on the conversion of the Irish to
Christianity.

This modification was ascribed so entirely to the influence
of St. Patrick that the Senchus Mor is described as having
been called in aftertimes " Cain Patraic," or Patrick's Law.

The Senchus Mor was so much revered that the Irish
J udges, called Brehons, were not authorized to abrogate any
thing contained in it.

The original text, of high antiquity, has been made the
subject of glosses and commentaries of more recent date; and
the Senchus Mor would appear to have maintained its autho-
rity amongst the native Irish until the beginning of the seven-
teenth century, or for a period of twelve hundred years.

The English law, introduced by King Henry the Second
in the twelfth century, for many years scarcely prevailed
beyond the narrow limits of the English Pale (comprising
the present counties of Louth, Heath, Westmeath, Kildare,
Dublin, and Wicklow).* Throughout the rest of Ireland
the Brehons still administered their ancient laws amongst
the native Irish, who were practically excluded from the

* Stat. 13 Hen. VIII., c. 3. (1522) recites that at that time the English laws
were obeyed and executed in four shires only. Vide Sir John Dt; ' /. ifc.,

imt Reprint of Irish Tracts, vol. i., p. 693. But Meath then included
meath, and Dublin included Wicklow.

VI PREFACE.

privileges of the English law. The Anglo-Irish, too, adopts 1
the Irish laws to such an extent that efforts were made to
prevent their doing so by enactments first passed at the
Parliament of Kilkenny in the fortieth year of King Edwc.nl
III., (13G7), and subsequently renewed by Stat. Henry VII.,
c. 8, in 1495. So late as the twenty-fourth and twenty -fifth
years of the reign of King Henry VIII. (1534), George
Cromer, Archbishop of Armagh and Primate of Ireland,
obtained a formal pardon for having used the Brehon laws.*
In the reign of Queen Mary (1554), the Earl of Kildare
obtained an eric of 340 cows for the death of his foster
brother, Robert Nugent,f under the Brehon law.

The authority of the Brehon laws continued until the
power of the Irish chieftains was finally broken in the reign
of Queen Elizabeth, and all the Irish were received into the
king's immediate protection by the proclamation of James I.
This proclamation, followed as it was by the complete
division of Ireland into counties and the administration of
the English laws throughout the entire country, terminated
at once the necessity for and the authority of the ancient
Irish laws.

The wars of Cromwell, the policy pursued by King Charles
II. at the Restoration, and the results of the Revolution of
1 088, prevented any revival of the Irish laws ; and before
the end of the seventeenth century the whole race of judges
(Brehons) and professors (ollamhs) of the Irish laws appears
to have become extinct.

of The account of the origin of the Irish laws given in the
* iex ^ i f ^ ne Senchus Mor is a very natural one. Portions of
them are ascribed to the decisions or authority of particular-
judges and lawgivers.

Thus it is said

" Sean, son of Aighe, passed the first judgment respecting
distress."|

* Patent and Close Rolls of Qhanoerj in lirhm.l, 24 & 25 II. VIII.
f Annals of the Four Mastt-rs. J Sciicluis Mor, p. 79.

VHEFACE. Vll

The Lawgiver thus referred to is supposed to have flour-
ished about 100 years before the Christian era.*

" Sencha, guided by the law of nature, fixed the distress
at two days, which is between one and three days, for every
female possession."t

Again, other decisions are ascribed to Brigh Briughaidh :
"Thus far we have mentioned the distresses of two days,
as decided by Brigh Briughaidh, who dwelt at Feisin, and
by Sencha, son of Ailell, son of Culclain, to whom the Ulster-
men submitted."J

Other judgments are mentioned with censure, such as the
" sudden judgments of Ailell, son of Matach." These judg-
ments are stated to have prevailed "until the coming of
Coirpre Gnathchoir, who did not consent that any right
should be upon one day."

The fine of five "Beds" for neglecting to redeem every
distress is stated to have been the fine fixed by Morann,
who was the son of Cairbre, Monarch of Ireland, A.D. 1 4,
and was appointed Chief Brehon by Cairbre's successor,
Fearadhach Finnfeachtnach.

In the commentaries on the Senchus Mor other judgments
are mentioned, as those of Eochaidh MacLuchta, Fachtna
Mac-Senchath, Carat-Nia Teiscthi, Eoghan MacDurthacht,
Doet of Neimhthinn, and Diancecht. The commentaries
also refer to the judgments of Doidin Mac Uin, Mcenach Mac
Nine, and Credine Cerd. These judgments are stated to
have been in a metrical form, and so preserved in memory.

The commentaries allude to a still earlier period, before
the time of Conchobhar probably Conchobhar Mac Nessa,
who was Monarch of Ireland at the time of the Christian

era when the judicature belonged to the poets alone ; and of

these poet-judges Amergin Glungel is represented as having
passed the first sentence in Erin.

O'Reilly's "Transactions of the Iberno-Celtic Society," 1820, p. xvi.

f Senchus Mor, p. 127.

J Ibid., p. 151.

Note vi., Anuals of the Four Masters, A.D. 14.

Vlll PREFACE.

In one of the manuscripts there is a commentary upon the
name of Amergin Glungel, representing him to be the foster-
son of Cai Cainbrethach, a contemporary of Moses, and a
disciple of Fenius Farsaidh, whose son, Nel, is stated to
have married Scota, daughter of Pharaoh, King of Egypt.
As this story of Cai Cainbrethach is found in only one
manuscript, and not in the text but in the commentary, it
was probably introduced at a later period for the purpose of
supporting the statement that Cai, before he came from the
east, had learned the law of Moses, and that he founded his
judgments upon it.

The introduction to the Senchus Mor, which is more
ancient than the commentaries, instead of ascribing what

O

was good in the judgments of the Pagan Brehons to direct
instruction .in the law of Moses in Egypt, attributes it to
the influence of the Holy Spirit upon the just men, who,
before the conversion of the Irish to Christianity, were
in the island of Erin, adding the reason, "for the law of
nature had prevailed where the written law did not reach."
This account of the matter is in strict accordance with what
St. Paul says, "For when the Gentiles, which have not the
law, do by nature the things contained in the law, these,
having not the law, are a law unto themselves."*

It corresponds, too, with what we know of the Eoman
civil law, a large portion of which was developed during the
Pagan period of Roman history.

The time The Senchus Mor, according to the account in the intro-
Auction, was composed in the time of Laeghaire, son of Niall,

sior was King of Erin, when Theodosius was Monarch of the World.
In the commentary it is stated, that it was at the end of
nine years after "the arrival of Patrick in Erin that the
Senchus was completed." In the introduction the date of
St. Patrick's arrival is fixed in the ninth year of the reign of
Theodosius, as Monarch of the World, and in the fourth year
of the reign of Laeghaire, King of Erin.

* St. Paul's Epistle to the Romans, ii. 14.

PREFACE.

The Theodosius thus referred to was Theodosius the
Younger, who succeeded his father, Arcadius, as Emperor of
the East! in A.D. 407, and on the death of his uncle, Honorius,
in A.D. 423, became also Emperor of the West, and hence is de-
scribed as Monarch of the World. He resigned the Empire of
the West in 425 to Valentinian. Notwithstanding his resig-
nation of the Empire of the West, the ninth year from the
period when the description of Monarch of the World could
be applied to Theodosius would thus be 432, which cor-
responds with the date of the arrival of St. Patrick, as given
in the Annals of the Four Masters and in many other Irish

authorities.

There is no statement in the Senchus Mor as to when its
composition was commenced, but this information is supplied
in the Annals of the Four Masters: "The age of Christ 438.
The tenth year of Laeghaire. The Seanchus and Feinechus
of Ireland were purified and written." From this and the
statement in the commentary, it would appear that the
Senchus was composed between the sixth and ninth years
after St. Patrick's arrival in Ireland. The notice in the
introduction of the places where those who composed the
Senchus Mor sojourned in the different seasons of the year,
affords considerable corroboration of the inference that the
work extended over several years.

In the Introduction to the Senchus Mor the occasion of its
being compiled is thus explained : being com-

St Patrick, after the death of his charioteer, Odhran, and P
the judgment which was pronounced on the case by Dubh-
thach Mac ua Lugair, chief of the royal poets and chief
Brehon of Erin, " requested the men of Erin to come to one
place to hold a conference with him. When they came to
the conference, the Gospel of Christ was preached to them
all; and when the men of Erin heard" ..." all the power
of Patrick since his arrival in Erin; and when they saw
Laeghaire with his Druids overcome by the great signs and

* Senchus Mor, pp. 15, 17.

PREFACE.

miracles wrought in the presence of the men of Erin, they
bowed down in obedience to the will of God and Patrick."

"It was then that all the professors of the sciences in Erin
were assembled, and each of them exhibited his art before
Patrick, in the presence of every chief in Erin."

"It was then Dubhthach was ordered to exhibit the judg-
ments and all the poetry of Erin, and every law which pre-
vailed amongst the men of Erin, through the law of nature
and the law of the seers, and in the judgments of the island
of Erin, and in the poets."

"Now the judgments of true nature which the Holy Ghost
had spoken through the mouths of the Brehons and just
poets of the men of Erin, from the first occupation of this
island down to the reception of the faith, were all texhibited
by Dubhthach to Patrick. What did not clash with the
Word of God in the written law and in the New Testament,
and with the consciences of the believers, was confirmed in the
laws of the Brehons by Patrick and by the ecclesiastics and
the chieftains of Erin; for the law of nature had been quite
right, except the faith, and its obligations, and the harmony
of the Church and people. And this is the Senchus."

^ ^ It will be observed that this account of the origin of the
which ' Senchus Mor does not ascribe its authority or composition
co'ioT* 1 to an y senate or legislative body in Ireland nor does it
s, "/us describe the conferen ce with respect to it as being the Fei.s
Mo"' ' f Temhair but as being a special assembly convened by
St. Patrick

Dr. Petrie has called attention to the fact that in the time
of King Laeghaire and of his successor the assemblies of the
Feis of Temhair were of rare and irregular occurrence, only
one* such assembly being specially noticed in King Laeg-
haire's time, in 454.

The laws of the ancient Irish appear to have depended
upon the decisions of the Brehons and Lawgivers, with
the assent of the Kings. Where an assembly is spoken of,

* Petrie's "History an.! Antiqoitlee of Tara Hill," p. 82.

PREFACE. X1

it is the Brehons and Lawgivers or Kings who decide the
question* Thus it is said,* " Sean, son of Aighe, passed the
first judgment respecting distress at a territorial ' meeting
held by the three noble tribes who divided this island. There
it was decided by them that one day should be allowed for all
necessary things," &c. The meeting thus referred to is ex-
plained in the glossf to have been held at Uisnech, in Meath,
f,u- the purpose of dividing Erin into provinces, between the
Ultonians, the Feini of Temhair, and the Ernai-Dedadh, or
between the Ulaidh, the Galeoin, and the Ernai. The gin <s
then explains that " decided by them," means decided by the
learned. The high dignity given to the Kings is illustrated
in the subsequent part of the same passage, where it is said,
" For the King excels all in testimony, for he can, by his
mere word, decide against every class of persons except t!
of the two orders of religion or learning who are of equal
rank with himself."

The date of the Senchus Mor A.D. 438 to 441 has con- cb
siderable historical interest in connexion with the change K ^ nl
which was going on in the Roman law at that period. """^'"f

In the century which had elapsed between Constantino witll the
and Theodosius the Younger, the Christian Emperors had, Sem-hus
by numerous constitutions and rescripts, changed the laws
of their Pagan predecessors, and had given all the force of
their imperial authority to establish the Christian religion
throughout the empire.

The great body of the civil law of Rome, however, resting
011 the perpetual edict of the Pagan Emperor Hadrian, and on
the writings of eminent Pagan jurisconsults, still regulated
the forms of procedure of the courts and all the ordinary
transactions of life unconnected with religion.

The exact state of the Roman law in this respect, as a col-
lection of Pagan institutions preserved to a great extent, but
modified so as to conform to Christian doctrine and Christian
morality was made manifest to the Roman world in A.D. 435,

Senchus Mor, p. 79. t Ibid., p. 81.

xii PREFACE.

when the Emperor Theodosius directed the constitutions from
the time of Constantine to his own time to be collected. This
collection ever since known as the Theodosian Code re-
ceived imperial sanction in A.D. 438.* It was no sooner
finished than it was published, and received in both the
eastern and western empires. Valentinian the Third, who
governed in the west, gave as a reason for adopting the
Theodosian Code, that, " as the empire obeyed two princes
whose wills were inseparable, so there ought likewise to be
an exact uniformity in their laws/'-f

Along with the Theodosian Code, the earlier codes of
Gregorius and Hermogenes, private lawyers, of the time of
Constantine the Great, containing the constitutions of the
Pagan emperors from the time of Hadrian, so far as these
were not modified by subsequent constitutions, were still
recognised as of authority in the tribunals.

Theodosius, by an edict, also selected the writings of five
jurisconsults Caius, Papinian, Paul, Ulpian, and Modestinus
to be established as those which should be binding on
the judges. If the opinions of these on any point were
divided, a casting vote was ascribed to the superior wisdom
of Papinian. Of the jurisconsults, thus recognised by a
Christian Emperor, the most distinguished Papinian and
Ulpian were Pagans.

The preparation and publication of the Theodosian Code
are events of such importance that the knowledge of them
would be rapidly diffused through the provinces of the
Kornan empire. The success of the Christian Bishops in
securing the requisite modifications of Pagan laws, by the
imperial authority of Theodosius at Constantinople and
Valentinian at Rome, would spread with equal rapidity to
the Christian missionaries throughout the world. St. Patrick,
a Roman citizen, a native of a Roman province, and an
eminent Christian missionary, would be certain to obtain
early intelligence of the great reform of the laws of the em-

* Summary of the Roman Law, from Dr. Taylor's " Elements of Civil La\v," p. 7.
f Colquhoun's " Summary of Roman Civil Law," p. 56.

PREFACE. X1U

pire, and of the great triumph of the Christian Church. He
would naturally be influenced in the work in which he was
engaged by so remarkable a precedent, and would facilitate
the conversion of the Irish and strengthen the Church he
was founding, by recognising all that was good in the Pagan
laws of Ireland, and only insisting on such modifications and
adaptations as Christian morality and Christian doctrine ren-
dered indispensable ; and such is precisely the course which
St. Patrick is described in the introduction to the Senchus
Mor as having pursued.

The number of the authors of the Senchus Mor is pre- Authors
served in a name often given to it. The introduction states gi
"Wopif (Nofis), therefore, is the name of this book, i.e., Mor -
the knowledge of nine persons."*

The most ancient account of the authorship of the Senchus
Mor is that contained in the verses quoted in the introduc-
tion, which were, probably, contemporaneous with its com-
position :

" Laeghaire, Core, Dairi, the hardy,
Patrick, Benen, Cairnech, the just,
Rossa, Dubhthach, Ferghus, with science :
These were the nine pillars of the Senchus Mor."f

These verses are also quoted to explain the word " Moe-p,"
i.e. " no-fiss," in Cormac's Glossary, which is believed to have
been composed in the tenth century.f

When Christianity was fully established, the order of the
precedency of the authors is stated differently. St. Patrick
and his companions are placed before the kings who sanctioned
the composition of the Senchus Mor. Thus we have, " Nine
persons were appointed to arrange this book, viz., Patrick,
and Benen, and Cairnech, three bishops ; Laeghaire, and
Core, and Daire, three kings ; Kosa, i.e. Mac-Trechim, and
Dubhthach, i.e. a doctor of the Be'rla Feini, and Fergus, i.e.
a poet."

* Introduction to Senchus Mor, p. 17. t Ibid., p. 5.

I Stokes's Old Irish Glossaries, pp. xviii and 31.
Introduction to Senchus Mor. p. 17.

PREFACE.

This account of the authorship of the Senchus Mor
seems to have been generally received as long as the ancient
laws were in force, for in the Annals of the Four Masters,
compiled in ] 632, it is stated" The Seanchus and Feinechus
of Ireland were purified and written, the writings and old
books of Ireland having been collected and brought to one
place, at the request of St. Patrick. These were the nine
supporting props by whom this was done Laeghaire, i.e.,
the King of Ireland, Core, and Daire, the three kings ;
Patrick, and Benen, and Cairneach, the three saints ; Ross,
Dubhthach, and Feargus, the three antiquaries."*

The part taken by each of those who joined in the prepara-
tion of the Senchus is thus explained in the commentary on
the introduction :

"The following now were the chief authors of the Senchus :
-Fergus, the poet, and Dubhthach Mac ua Lugair, who
put a thread of poetry around it for Patrick; besides the
judgments of previous authors which had been pronounced
by them, and which they explained to Patrick." " It was
only necessary for them to exhibit from memory what their
predecessors had sung, and it was corrected in presence of
Patrick according to the written law which Patrick had
brought with him, &c. And they arranged and added to it."f

In a poem quoted in another part of the commentary on
the introduction it is said :

" The poets of Fail here look upon
The Fenchus as the work of Fergus;
But if it be viewed as regards the chief of the work,
Dubhthach was above all the men."

Dubhthach In the lives of St. Patrick the conversion of Dubhthach

Mac ua -t r T . . ,

Lugair. M ac ua Lugair is noticed as being, from the jx>sition he held
as chief poet and chief Brehon in Ireland, one of the mo.sf
important events at the commencement of St. Patrick's
mission.

The prominent part he took in the composition of the
Senchus Mor is illustrated by a poem of his commemo-

* Annals of the Four Masters, A.D. 438.
t Introduction to Senchus Mor, pp. '23, '1~>.

PREFACE. XV

rating his decision of the case of Nuada Derg, who was
condemned to death for the slaying of Odhran, St. Patrick's
charioteer, and which is described in the introduction as
composed at the same time and place as the Senchus.

Professor 0' Curry, in the Appendix* to his "Lectures on the
Manuscript Materials of Irish History," has published from
MSS. in the Library of Trinity College, Dublin, with a trans-
lation and notes, three remarkable poems of Dubhthach, writ-
ten to celebrate the deeds of Crimthan, King of Leinster. The
latest of these poems must have been composed not long after
the battle of Ochra, which took place in A.D. 478, according
to some authorities, or in A.D. 482 according to others. The
reputation of Dubhthach is indicated by the territory in
Wexford, which was given to him by Crimthan for his poems
and for his assistance. Professor O'Curry has, in a note, traced
from ancient names the situation of this territory.

In one of these poems Dubhthach refers to his giving
judgment between King Laeghaire and St. Patrick. There
is also a poem ascribed to Dubhthach, in the Book of Rights ;
and Dr. O'Donovan adds in a notef a quotation from Colgan,
from which it appeal's that he had in his possession different
works of Dubhthach, whom he describes as "a man celebrated
amongst his own countrymen." In the Felire of Aengus, an
account of the festivals of the Church, written by Aengus the
Culdee (Ceite T)e) at the end of the eighth centiuy, there
is a hymn ascribed to Dubhthach,J so that there is evidence
from many sources of his having been a remarkable poet
and author.

Fergus is described in the commentary as a poet, and Fergus and
Rossa as a doctor of the BeYla Feini, the dialect in which
the ancient Irish laws were written.

* O'Cuny's Lectures, App., p. 482, et seq.

t Leabhar Na g-Ceart, p. 234. " Extant penes me diversa hujus inter suos
Celebris viri opuscula alibi ssepius citanda." Colgan's Trias. Thaum., p. 8, n. 5.

J O'Reilly's " Transactions of the Iberno-Celtic Society," 1820, p. xxvii.

In the text of the Introduction, pp. 16, 17, Dubhthach is described as "pm
beilUt," Doctor of the B<?rla Feini ; but in the Commentary, pp. 38, 39, as "f>cn
hr; i," Doctor of Literature; and Rossa as ' yui befxla Peine," Doctor of the
liurla Feini.

PREFACE.

^Rossa is also described as son of Trichem, and in the lives
of St. Patrick, Rus or Ross, son of Trichem, is mentioned
as one of the principal early converts to Christianity, and as
living in a town called Derluss and afterwards Iineathan,
near Downpatrick, on the south side.*

po h suio7of In conn exion with the important part ascribed to these
the Salic poets and Brehons, so soon after their conversion to Chris-

I8.H COD i i * , i

tempo- u <y, m the composition of such a law treatise as the Sen-

raneous c hus Mor, it is interesting to notice that the Salic lawf was
Senchus drawn up by four eminent chieftains of the Franks, before
the conversion of those tribes to Christianity, as it 'is sup-
posed about the beginning of the fifth century, and before
A.D. 421. Towards the end of the fifth century the Salic law
was, after the baptism of Clovis, reformed by him in the
several articles that appeared incompatible with Christianity.
This drawing up of the Salic law by Pagans, and its sub-
sequent revision under the influence of Christian teachers,
all took place in the century in which the Senchus Mor is
stated to have been composed.

St.Patrick. ^ The part which St. Patrick is described as having taken
in revising the ancient laws of Ireland affords additional
evidence of the greatness of his character, and of the im-
portant and varied nature of his services to Ireland, where
his memory is still cherished as the patron saint of the
country.

His character, as sketched by his latest biographer, cor-
responds with what we woidd anticipate from the inci-
dents stated with respect to him in the introduction of the
Senchus Mor a Roman citizen, and the son of a Roman
magistrate, on his consecration as a Christian bishop, devot-
ing his life to the conversion and improvement of a people
with whom he had been a captive and in bondage.

* Lanigan's Ecclesiastical History of Ireland, vol. i., p. 21C.
t Gibbon's Roman Empire, p. 6'27.

PREFACE.

"The biographers of St. Patrick" pourtray " in liis character
the features of a great and judicious missionary. He seems
to have made himself 'all things/ in accordance with the
apostolic injunction, to the rude and barbarous tribes of
Ireland. He dealt tenderly with their usages and prejudices.
Although he sometimes felt it necessary to overturn their
idols, and on some occasions risked his life, he was guilty of
no offensive or unnecessary iconoclasm. A native himself of
another country, he adopted the language of the Irish
tribes, and conformed to their political institutions. By his
judicious management, the Christianity which he founded
became self-supporting. It was endowed by the chieftains,
without any foreign aid. It was supplied with priests and
prelates by the people themselves, and its fruits were soon
seen in that wonderful stream of zealous missionaries, the glory
of the Irish Church, who went forth in the sixth and seventh
centuries to evangelize the barbarians of central Europe."*

The Christian missionaries who assisted St. Patrick in the
revision of the ancient laws of Ireland, and in recording
them in a book, were St. Benignus and St. Cairnech.

St. Benignus, acting probably in the character of secretary St.
or amanuensis to St. Patrick, wrote out the Irish part of Bem s nu *-
the laws. His labours in connexion with the laws of Ireland
were not confined to the Senchus Mor alone. He after-
wardsf " commenced and composed that famous Chroni-
con called the Psalter of Caiseal, in which are described
the acts, laws, prerogatives, and succession, not only of the
monarchs of all Ireland, but also those of the kings of
Minister." He also appears]: to have been the author of the
original Book of Rights, which was drawn up after the
establishment of Christianity, the germ of the elaborate
Leabltar No, g-Ceart, of more modern composition, in which
his name is so often mentioned.

* Todd's St. Patrick, Apostle of Ireland, pp. 514, 515.

t O'Donovan'a Introduction to Leabhar No. g-Ceart, pp. iv, v, citing Colgau's
extracts from Life of St. Benignus, " Trias Tliaum.," c. 33, p. 20j.
J Ibid., p. vi, xxiii.

XV 1U PREFACE.

St. Benigmis is described by Dr. O'Donovan* as of the
family of Olioll Olum, king of Munster; being descended from
Tadhg Mac Cein, the grandson of that monarch, to whom
Cormac Mac Art gave some land, including the district round
Duleek, where St. Benigmis resided with Sescnean, his father,
at the time of St. Patrick's arrival. His name is preserved,
as Dr. O'Donovan notices, in Gill Benein, now Kilbannan'
in the barony of Dunmore, and county of Galway, where he
erected his principal church, being patron saint of Connaught.
The remains of a round tower still indicate the importance
of the place, f St. Benignus became one of the most favourite
disciples of St. Patrick, and was his coadjutor or successor
in the bishopric of Armagh in A.D. 455. He resigned the
bishopric in 4G5, and died in 468.

The date at which St. Benignus is said to have become
Bishop of Armagh makes it very improbable that he was
only seven years old, as stated by some, when he first met
St. Patrick, in A.D. 432 or 433, as he would then have been
a bishop at twenty-nine or thirty. The description of him as
a youth who left his father's house to follow St. Patrick, at
the very commencement and dangerous part of his mission,
is more consistent with St. Benignus being seventeen years
old than seven. If he was converted by St. Patrick when he
was seventeen, his elevation to the bishopric of Armagh
would have taken place when he was thirty-nine or forty,
and at his death he would have attained the age of fifty-three
years.

The latter hypothesis would accord with the dates in the
Senchus Mor, as he would then be engaged in assisting in
its preparation between the twenty-third and the twenty-
sixth year of his age.

St. The other missionary who assisted St. Patrick in the

rev i s i on o f t } ie j^ ] awg was gt Cairnech. The place of
his burial is stated in one of the commentaries to be at

* Introduction to Lealiliar Na g-Cearl, p. ii.
f Ibid., p. iv.

PREFACE. XIX

Tuilen, now the parish of Duleen or Dulane, near the town
of Kells, in the county of Meath. His name is comme-
morated in connexion with Tuilen, in the Topographical
Poem of O'Dubhagain, written in the fourteenth century :

' The three septs of Tuilen without blemish,
In Heath, though not Meathmen,
Are the Fir-Eoohain, distinguished among them
The Maini, and the Britons of lasting fame.
Early these men quaff their metheglin ;
They are the congregation of Caernech."*

Dr. O'Donovan remarks on this passage that St. Cairnech
is still remembered as the patron saint of Dulane.

St. Cairnech's day in the Irish calendar is the 16th of
May, and under that date his death is thus recorded in the
Felire of Aengus :

" The illustrious death of Caimech, the truly-powerful. "t

His name at the same date appears also in the British
calendar. In the memoir of his life, which is preserved in
the Co ttonian- Library, British Museum, it is stated that he
was a native of Cornwall, and a contemporary of St. Patrick,
and went to Ireland shortly after him, arranging to meet him
each year. It is also stated that there were churches and
cities of his name in the region of Leinster, and that he died
in his own celebrated city, the best of all his cities, which
is called Civitas Cairnech.

With respect to his character as an author, it is stated that
the works of the blessed Caimech were read in Ireland
through the whole country, as the miracles of the blessed
Apostle, St. Peter, were read at Rome.

The Irish kings who are mentioned as having taken part King
in sanctioning the composition of the Scnchus Mor, are
Laeghaire, Core, and Daire.

Laeghaire, son of Niall of the Nine Hostages, has usually

* Irish Topographical Poems, p. 15.

t Dr. O'Oonovan has giveu in a note to the Irish Topographical Poems, p. xiv,
extracts from the Latin Life of St. Cairnech. The Life has been published with a
translation in Kees' Lives of C'aiubro-Britisli Saiut-i, pp. '2(J'J-'2ll.

12

XX PREFACE.

been described as Monarch of Ireland at the time of the
conversion of the Irish to Christianity. According to the
Annals of the Four Masters his reign commenced in A.D.
428, four years before the arrival of St. Patrick; and after
a reign of thirty years he died in 458, one year after
the foundation of Armagh by St. Patrick. He was buried
at Temhair, in the external rampart of the rath which he
had erected there, and which was known in aftertimes as
llath-Laeghaire.* A district in Heath, comprising the
greater parts of the baronies of Upper and Lower Navan,
was also called after him, and was long in the possession of
his descendants. This territory, called " Laeghaire," is men-
tioned in O'Dubhagain's Topographical Poem :t

" O'Coindealbhain of troops
Is the surpassing-wise king of Laeghaire."

King Laeghaire has been usually placed at the head of the
list of Christian Kings of Ireland, because in his reign the
conversion of a large number of the Irish took place and the
foundation of the Christian Church in Ireland was undoubt-
edly laid. It has, however, been justly doubted whether he
himself became and continued till his death a Christian.
Whether he was really converted or not, it appears certain
that "St. Patrick received permission from him to preach the
Gospel, on condition that the peace of the kingdom should
not be disturbed."|

The references to King Laeghaire in the introduction to the
Senchus Mor, and in the commentaries thereon, indicate
rather an assent to the proceedings of St. Patrick than an
earnest conversion. Whilst Dubhthach Mac ua Lugair is
called " a vessel full of the grace of the Holy Ghost," King
Laeghaire is described as at first directing the slaying of one
of St. Patrick's people; afterwards as overcome, with his
Druids ; and only then as agreeing with St. Patrick respect-
ing the revision of the laws.

* There is a description of this rath and an account of Laeghaire'l death in
Petrie's History and Antiquities of Tara Hill, p. 168 Trans. K.I.A., vol. xviiii.,
part ii.

t Irish Topographical Poems, p. 7, and note iv., 14.

t Brenan's Ecclesiastical History of Ireland, p. 15.

PREFACE. XXI

In the commentary on the introduction the Senchus Mor
is said to have been preserved in part "by the composition
of the poets, the addition from the law of the letter, and
strength by the law of nature ;" and an explanation is added,
that "the composition of the poets," referred to the work
of Fergus, Dubhthach, and Rossa. " Addition from the law
of the letter" is explained to mean that the Senchus Mor
was harmonized with the written law, or Word of God, by
St. Patrick, St. Benignus, and St. Cairnech. "Strength from
the law of nature" is explained such part of the law of
nature from which the Pagans passed their judgments.
With this part of the work the names of Laeghaire, Core,
and Daire, are associated, implying that they took part in
sanctioning the Senchus Mor, as representing the law of
nature common to Pagans as well as Christians. They are
also described as assenting to the abrogation of such parts
of the Pagan laws, previously prevailing, as were inconsistent
with Christianity.

The part thus ascribed in the introduction to the Senchus
Mor to these three monarchs would imply that they were
tolerant Pagan monarchs, who came to an agreement with
St. Patrick, allowing him to pursue his mission, provided
the power of the Kings and Brehons, and the authority of
the laws, when revised and settled, were not disturbed.

The name and character of King Core were long cherished King Core.
in Irish histoiy. In the topographical poem, written in the
fifteenth century by O'Huidhrin, his name is selected for com-
memoration in connexion with Cashel :

" Our visit shall be Caisel of the Kings,
The seat of Core who practised no evil deeds."*

He is also mentioned in the Book of Rights as son of
Lughaidh, and as a contemporary of St. Patrick :

" That is the tribute of Mumha, perpetual,
Until the end of time shall come,
Patrick of this city over cities,
In the time of Core adjusted it."f

* Irish Topographical Poems, p. 99. t Leabhar Jfa g-Ceart, pp. 29, 51.

XX11 PREFACE.

Dr. O'Donovan was unable to ascertain the date of Core's
death from the authentic Irish annals; but his defeat by
Crimthan is celebrated in the interesting poems of Dubhthach
Mac ua Lugair :

" A battle which Crimthan gave,
To brave Core, whom he tamed.
It was the noble, prosperous buttle-,
In which fell the hosts of Caisel."*

Crimthan is described as a contemporary of St. Patrick, of
Laeghaire, and of Dubhthach Mac ua Lugair; and as winning
the battle of Ochra, fought in A.D. 478, in which Oilioll Molt,
Laeghaire's successor, was defeated.

In the absence of any record of King Core's death we cannot
know how long he survived the composition of the Senclnis
iMur. The date of its completion is said to be A.D. 441, and
on St. Patrick's visit to Munster, in A.D. 445, Aenghus, grand-
son of Core, and son of Nadfreach, having already been in-
structed to some extent in Christianity, was baptized by St.
Patrick. But it is not certain that either Aenghus or Nad-
freach was then on the throne. On the contrary Dr. Lanigan
conjectures that Aenghus had not succeeded to the throne at
the time of his baptism, but was only a youth ; and Dr. Keat-
ing.t states that King Aenghus reigned only thirty-six years.j
As he was killed in the battle of Cell Osnadha, in A.D. 489,
Dr. Keating's statement supports Dr. Lanigan's conjecture,
and makes the reign of Aenghus to have commenced in A.D.
453, twelve years after the composition of the Senchus Mor
would appear to have been completed. Aenghus has been
commonly mentioned as the first Christian King of Munster,
and was probably the first who was instructed in Chris-
tianity and baptized. King Core, like King Laeghaire, is
described in the commentary as taking part in the prepara-
tion of the work with a view of representing " the parts of
the law of nature from which the Pagans passed their judg-

* O'Curry's Lectures, App., p. 491.

t Keating's History of Ireland, translated by O'Conor, Vol. II., p. 43.

f Dr. Keating died iu 1G44. He wrote his History in the Wood of Aghnrlow,
near Cashel, and no doubt had access to some ancient account of the length of the
reign of King Aenghus.

PREFACE. XXlii

merits ;" in fact as representing with the two other kings
the Pagan element retained in the Senchus Mor.*

There would appear to have been two Daires cotempo- nah-c.
raries of St. Patrick : Daire, who is described by Dubhthach
Mac ua Lngair as defeated by Crimthan when the hosts of
Munster were cut down, and whom Professor O'Curry has
identified with Daire Cerba, the younger brother of Core, and
chief of the Ui Fidhgente, in the county of Limerick ;-f- and
another Daire who is mentioned in the Annals of the Four
Masters, as son of Finnchadh, son of Eoghan, son of Niallan,
and as granting Armagh to St. Patrick. Dr. O'Donovan
states that the latter was a descendant of Cilia Dachrich,
ard chief of the Regio Orientalium in the county Armagh,
the name of which is preserved in that of the baronies of
Orior.

In one copy of the Senchus Mor it is mentioned that the
Daire who took part in its composition was a chief in Ulster.
Now the date given in the Annals of the Four Masters for the
foundation of Armagh is 457,! an d ^he part ascribed to
Daire of granting the site of Armagh to St. Patrick is quite
consistent with his having lent his sanction to the revising
of the Irish laws, and makes it all but certain that it was
Daire, chief or king in Ulster, who did so.

Doubts have been suggested in modern times as to the Objections
possibility of the nine persons said to have taken part in the statements
composition of the Senchus Mor having actually done so. M to tlu '.

It has been urged that St. Patrick and the other ecclesi- o"

astics could not have been members of the Irish National ^ enchus

JMor

Assembly so soon after their arrival in Ireland, and that St. considered.
Benignus could not have been old enough to be a senator as
early as A.D. 438. But the assembly respecting the Senchu.s
Mor is stated to have been convened by St. Patrick, and is not
described, in either the Senchus Mor or in the Annals of the

* Introduction to Senchus Mor, p. 39.

t O'Curry's Lectures, App., p. 491.

t Annals of the Four Masters, A.I>. 437.

XX1V PREFACE.

Four Masters, as the Feis of Temhair. In the Annals of the
Four Masters a celebration of the Feis (or feast) of Temhair by
King Laeghaire, in A.D. -to 4, is noticed, but none in the years
from A.D. 438 to A.D. 441, when the Senchus Mor was being
composed. The part assigned to St. Benignus of assisting
St. Patrick in writing out the laws in a book, does not indicate
the position of a senator, and might be well performed by him
at any time after he was twenty years of age.

Again, it is urged that St. Benignus could not have been a
bishop so early as A.D. 438, inasmuch as he is represented as a
youth at his baptism in A.D. 432. In the apparently cotem-
poraneous quatrain, describing the authors of the Senchus
Mor, St. Benignus is not mentioned as a bishop, but as " coifi,"
the just. In the account written after his death he is described
as a bishop, and in the Annals of the Four Masters as a saint ;
but the one account no more implies that he was a bishop at
the time when he took part in writing out the Irish laws
in a book, than the other implies that he had been canonized
as a saint before he did so.

The distribution of the work among the several persons
engaged in it, as described in the introduction and com-
mentary, is such as might naturally be expected. The prin-
cipal part of it is said to have devolved on Dubhthach,
aided by Fergus, two poets, whose task of explaining such
portions of the ancient laws as were traditional, or embodied
in verse, or were otherwise within the province of the poets,
must have been one of considerable importance. The know-
ledge which Rossa, a doctor of the Berla Feini, the dialect in
which the ancient laws were written, is described as possess-
ing, must have been essential in expounding the received
laws of the country, as they were written in the existing
books and manuscripts, with which it would be peculiarly
the province of such a person to be acquainted. It is natural
to expect that an eminent divine, such as St. Cairnech appears
to have been, would be employed in modifying such portions
of the ancient laws as were inconsistent with Christian doc-
trine and morality ; and St. Benignus, an Irishman, and
acquainted with the language, is the kind of person who

PREFACE. xxv

would be intrusted with the duty of transcribing and writing
out the laws thus expounded and modified. And, finally,
St. Patrick would naturally superintend and direct the whole
undertaking, and the kings would assent to it in its com-
pleted state.

It has been urged, again, that St. Patrick was better
employed, in A.D. 438, preaching in Connaught than in attend-
ing senates. But the preparation of the Senchus Mor did
not, as we have seen, require any attendance on senates by St.
Patrick, neither does his superintendence of it imply his
constant residence at Teamhair or at Kath-guthaird, during
the entire of the three years the work occupied. Notwith-
standing his absence during part of the time, the complete
work would be called Cain Patraic, or Patrick's Law, just
as the code of France is called the Code Napoleon, without
implying that the Emperor was at Paris during the entire
time the code was being composed under his sanction.

With respect to another objection, that the mixture of
ecclesiastics with laymen in the states-general of nations
was quite unknown in St. Patrick's days, it is right to
observe that the Theodosian Code of Rome, the nature of
which was, no doubt, known to St. Patrick, as a Roman
citizen and son of a Roman magistrate, was made by the
authority of an emperor ; and that bishops had a very large
share of influence with the emperors in advising them
respecting their Constitutions, Edicts, and Codes, without
becoming members of any legislative assembly. When
Alaric II. issued his abridgment of the Theodosian Code to the
Visigoths in France, in A.D. 506, not very long after the time
of St. Patrick, he is stated to have done so on the advice of
his bishops, as well as of his nobles. The volume of the ancient
laws of England, published by the Record Commissioners,
commences with the laws of King ^Ethelbright* which
were revised under the advice and influence of St. Augustine,

* ./Ethelbright, fourth in succession after Hengcste, was baptized by St. Augustine,
in the year A.D. 597, and died, according to Becla, after a reign of tifty-six years,
in A.D. 616. The laws begin : " These are the douins which King ..Ethelbriglit
established in the days of Augustine," &c.

XXVl PREFACE.

when the Anglo-Saxons were converted to Christianity. The
volume of the ancient laws of Wales, published by the same
authority, commences with the laws of Howel Dda* The
preparation of these laws, about the year A.D. 943, is stated to
have been made after consultation with a number of repre-
sentatives, of whom two clerics were summoned for every
four laymen. The reason of this arrangement is set forth in
" The clerics were summoned lest the laics should
ordain anything contrary to Holy Scripture." The most
ancient Christian analogies appear, therefore, to be all in
favour of the clergy being associated with the laity in the
preparation of codes of laws.

_ _ "^ objection has been made to the account given of the

Kh.'V com P sition of the Senchus Mor, that King Core was not a
'""[ contemporary with King Laeghaire, or alive at the time of
St. Patrick's mission, since his grandson Aenghus Mac Nad-
freach, was the first Christian King of Munster. If Aenghus
had been King of Cashel in A.D. 438, at the time the compo-
sition of the Senchus Mor was commenced, being then (let us
suppose) twenty years of age, he would have been seventy-
one when killed at the battle of Cell Osnadha in A.D. 48*9,
when it is said " his prosperity was cut off."f This account,'
implying a premature death, should remove all doubt about
his grandfather being alive, and King of Cashel, from A.D.
438 to A.D. 441. The statement of Dr. Keating that Aen-
ghus reigned only thirty-six years, and so commenced to reign
in A.D. 453, taken in connexion with that of Dr. Lanigan that
Aenghus was only a youth when baptized by St. Patrick in
A.D. 445, puts an end to the alleged anachronism so far as
the date of Aenghus's accession is concerned.

We have it besides expressly stated in the Leabkar Nn
g-Ceart, that King Core was a contemporary of St. Patrick ;
and in the poems of Dubhthach he is described as the con-

" Howel the Good, the son of Cadi'll, Prince of all the Cymra, seeing the Cymry
perverting the laws, summoned to him six men from each r.vnmvd in the principality
to the White House of Tor, four of them laics, and two clerks."
t Annals of the Four Musters, A.D. 480.

PREFACE. XXV11

temporary of Crimthan, who fought the battle of Ochra in
A D 478 and who was a contemporary of St. Patrick and of
Dubhthach himself. Crimthan is described in the same poem
as defeating King Laeghaire, and also King Core. With
nch evidence, it is unreasonable to doubt the statement
the Senchus Mor, that King Core was a contemporary c
Patrick, and alive in A.D. 441.

Again, it has been urged that St. Cairnech could not have ^^
taken part in the composition of the Senchus Mor, as h s ismastnSt .
death is placed by Colgan at A.D. 530, and as he was the J-^
cousin and contemporary of the monarch Muirchertach Mac
Ere who died in A.D. 534. But Colgan mentions two St. Cair-
nechs; one whose day is the 28th of March, and the other
whose day is the 1 6th of May. This second St. Cairnech he
identifies with St. Cernach or Carentach, whose day in the
English calendar is the 16th of May, and whom he mentions
as having flourished about a century before the other bt.
Caimech, and as having been a contemporary of St. Patrick.
The Felire of Aenghus describes the St. Cairnech of the
16th of May as of Tuilen, and as being of the Britons of
Cornwall- and in the commentary on the Senchus Mor, it is
stated expressly that it was St. Cairnech of Tuilen who took
r ,art in its composition. There is, therefore, no anachronism-
tor the St. Cairnech who is said to have taken part in the
composition of the Senchus Mor, is the saint of that name
who was a contemporary of St. Patrick.

These objections to the account of the composition of the Opinion,
Senchus Mor appeared so plausible, and were supported by <y Donovan
such respectable authority, that before recommending the * {
work to the Commissioners for publication, I had a con- o'C.my as
saltation with the late Dr. O'Donovan and the late Professor *.
O'Cuny on the subject, and we came to the conclusion that tawta^
these objections were not well-founded, and that there was Mor .
no reason to doubt the statement that the nine authors of
the Senchus Mor were contemporaries, and alive at the time
when the work is said to have been composed.

Places

XXV1 " PREFACE.

Dr. O'Donovan made further investigations respecting St
airnech, and published the result of his inquiries in the
ery interesting note on the word Tuilen,* in the topo-
graphical poems, from which I have largely quoted.

The opinion which Professor O'Curryf entertained was
subsequently made public in his "Lectures on the Materials of
ish History," in which, referring to the forthcoming pu bli-
tion of the Senchus Mor, he says:-" I believe it will show
that the recorded account of this great revision of the body
of the laws of Erin is as fully entitled to confidence as any
other well-authenticated fact in ancient history."

In ancient Irish books the name of the place where they
M r re 1 C mpOSed is usua % mentioned. The introduction to the

composed. ' 'enchus Mor contains this information, but is very peculhr
in representing the book as having been composed at different
places in different seasons of the year : "It was Teamhair in
the summer and in the autumn, on account of its cleanness
and pleasantness during these seasons; and Rath-guthainl
was the place during the winter and the spring, on account
the nearness of its fire-wood and water, and on account of
its warmth in the time of winter's cold."

Teamhair. Teamhair, now Tara, was, at the time the Senchus Mor was
composed, the residence of King Laeghaire, the monarch of
Erin, and of his chief poet, Dubhthach Mac ua Lugair, who
took such a leading part in the work.

Teamhair ceased to be the residence of the kings of Ireland
after the death of King Dermot, in A.D. 565, about a century
and a quarter after the Senchus Mor was composed. Remains
are, after the lapse of nearly 1,400 years, to be still found
the most remarkable of their kind in Ireland, which attest
the ancient importance of the place.

The description of Teamhair, as a pleasant place in summer
and autumn, is true of Tara at present. In winter and
spring, when Tara, from its exposed position, would not be
>o agreeable, a different place for the composition of the

* Irish TopOfeTaphioal Poems, notes, p. xiv., n 60
Curry's Lectures, p. 17.

PREFACE.

Senchus Mor was chosen-" Rath-guthaird." Tins place is
described as being where the stone of Patrick is "at tins
day," i.e., at the time when the introduction was composed.
It is further described as being "near Nith-nemonnach."

Rath-guthaird has not hitherto been identified or de-
scribed, but there are several circumstances which indicate
that it is most probably the fort now called Lisanawer, near
the village of Nobber, in the parish of Nobber, and northern
portion of the county of Meath, and about sixteen miles

from Tara.

In the commentary it is mentioned that Nith-nemonnach
was on the banks of the river Nith.

The river Nith is noticed in the Annals of the Four
Masters,* where its irruption in " Magh Muirtheimhne" is
mentioned. Dr. O'Donovan adds, in a note " Nith was the
ancient name of the river of Ardee, flowing through the
plains of Conaile Muirtheimhne, in the county of Louth."
With the clue afforded by this information, I made a search
on the Ordnance Maps from the outlet to the source of the
Ardee river for any means of identifying Rath-guthaird;
and at the source of the river, where it issues from White-
wood lake, a stone is to be found, marked on the Ordnance
Map, and stiU called "Patrick's stone," and the place where
it is situate is named Nobber-beg.

There is a very large rath, in good preservation, called
Lisanawer, within two fields of this stone. There was also,
until very recently, another rath within three fields of
the same stone, on the top of a hill called Gallows Hill, and
there is also, adjoining the village of Nobber, on the banks
of the river Nith, a high moat, in good preservation.

The situation of these raths in a valley, and sheltered,
especially the one called Lisanawer, from the north and east,
fulfils the condition of being warm in the time of winter's
cold, and contrasts most favourably with Tara, which must
be a bleak place in winter.

There is considerable evidence that there was in ancient
times an abundance of wood in the vicinity of the raths

* A.M. 4i<;;i.

XXX PREFACE.

near Patrick's stone. Whitewood Demesne is close to them,
and there is a tradition of the wood having extended to the
townland of Kilmainhain Wood. The names of the town-
lands Whitewood and Kilmainham Wood afford some indi-
cations of a prevalence of wood in former times. One of the
neighbouring townlands is called Eeny, derived by Dr
Donovan, from " CCn pniT>e," woods.
The description of the place as being "near water" is
borne out by the existence of Whitewood lake, Moyna^h lake
and Newcastle lake, all in the vicinity of St. Patricks stone'
f t0 Glenn-na-mbodhur, in which Kath-guthaird is said
be situate, there is on the west side of the valley where
the stone of Patrick is situate, a remarkable glen, through
which the Kilmainham river flows, and at the head of it is
a cascade, called Patrick's cascade, and a holy well there
e also small glens at the south side of the valley' The
beauty of this place must have attracted attention in ancient
imes, as two townlands are called by the name "Alt Mush"
or Altmoyshe-derived, according to Dr. O'Donovan from
Oc trimr, beautiful heights, or beautiful brae or piece of a
hill ; the origin ascribed in the locality to this name being
the glens which are in these townlands.* The rest of the
name, "na-mbodhur/'f has left no trace in the locality The
only names which might be supposed to be a corruption of it
are Nobber.J the village and parish ; and Nobber-beg, the spot
where Patrick's stone is situate ; but Dr. O'Donovan has given
" an obain," (hoc opus) as the derivation of Nobber

On examining the map of the district, the great number of
raths in a small space is remarkable. There are still traces
m a space of twenty-four square miles of upwards of sixty
raths-indicating that it was a place of great importance
m ancient times. Being in the county of Meath, which was

Ordnance Survey Office Records of Names of Townlands, Co. Meath. Book

p.

ffice Record9 of *" of Townlands, Co. Meath, Book 20,

I Nobber was a place of importance so late as the reign of King Henry
was one of the boroughs of the P,!e, and v.,s fortified afan important

PREFACE.

the territory assigned to support the King of Erin, Glenn-
na-mbodhur was probably the seat of one of the royal resi
dences used in winter and spring by King Laeghaire an

' lianotetothe Annals of the Four Masters, A.D. 890, Dr.
O'Donovan states that there was a royal residence in Me
called "Cuilt," which he had been unable to identify
one of the townlands between Kilmainham Wood and White
wood in the valley of Glenn-na-mbodhur, is Coole, which Dr.
O'Donovan derives from - Cuil." This may be a trace of the
name of the ancient royal residence, in the vicinity of which
Dubhthach, and St. Benignus, and the others would, under
the sanction of King Laeghaire and St. Patrick, according to
tto account given, have composed the Senchus Mor in winter
and spring.

The manuscripts of the Senchus Mor, or of the portions ^

it which have been transcribed for the Commissioners, are nuscript3o{

Senchus

four in number : . Mor.

1. A comparatively full copy among the manuscript?

Trinity College, Dublin, H. 3. 17.

2. An extensive fragment of the first part, 432, of the
Ilarleian manuscripts in the British Museum.

3. A large fragment of the latter part among the manu-
scripts of Trinity College, Dublin, H. 2. 15.

4. A fragment among the manuscripts of Trinity College,
Dublin, H. 3. 18.

The first of these (H. 3. 17) is a thick vellum manuscript, MSyn H.
formerly numbered H. 53. It consists of 874 columns,
numbered and marked with Arabic figures in a modern
hand This manuscript appears, from a note to page ],
to have been in 1666 the property of Dubhalthach Mac
Firbis the last of the hereditary antiquaries of Lecan in
Tirfiacra on the Moy,t " a family whose law reports and

* Glenn-na-mbodhur is only six miles from Dulane. where the city and church
of St. Cairnech were.

t O'Connor's " Ogygia," Vindicated, p. ix.

XXX11 PREFACE.

historical collections have derived great credit to their
country ;" many of these O'Connor describes as in his time
lying dispersed in England and France. The H. 3. 1 7 manu-
script appears to have been subsequently purchased by the
celebrated antiquarian, Edward Lhwyd, whose name appears
on the fly-leaf.

The manuscript in H. 3. 17, was, probably, one of the
" great number of thick volumes of Irish laws" which Dr.
Lynch* says he saw, before 1 GO 2, " written in large charac-
ters, and a large space between the lines to admit more con-
veniently in smaller letters a glossary on the meaning of the
words," and from which Dubhalthach Mac Firbis wrote the
titles of the laws given in " Cambrensis Eversus." ,

The text of the manuscript is written in large letters, and
there is a copious gloss of derivations. This manuscript has
been transcribed by Dr. O'Donovan, in the Commissioners'
transcripts, O'D. 1-139, and he describes the glosses and
commentaries therein as very full, but adds " that the text
is clearly defective in most instances."

Harieian The Harleian fragment of the Senchus Mor in the Bri-
MS tish Museum is described by Dr. O'Donovan as consisting of

twenty leaves, large folio, and the writing is, in his opinion,
" apparently of the middle of the sixteenth century."

It appears from notes to the manuscript) that it was
transcribed at a place called Desert Labrais ; and the death
of John M'Clancy is mentioned, of which the transcriber had
just heard. The death of a John M'Clancy, chief Brehon of
the Earl of Desmond, is recorded in the Annals of the Four
Masters as having taken place in 1578. He was probably
the person referred to by the transcriber. His position is in-
dicated in the Annals by the statement : "There was no son
uf a lay Brehon in Ireland, in his time, who had better tillage
or a better house than he." This date, 1578, coinciding so
nearly with Dr. O'Donovan's conjecture, may be taken as the
date of the Harleian manuscript.

*. " Cambrensis Eversus," vol. II., p. 375.
t Fol. 18 a, 190 and 2015.

PREFACE. XXXlii

This manuscript which contains, in large letters, the poem
attributed to Dubhthach Mac ua Lugair, was transcribed
by Dr. O'Donovan, in the Commissioners' transcripts, O'D.
1752-1929. He considered the introduction in this copy
more complete than in the Dublin manuscripts, and the gloss
very full, though difficult to decipher. "I have," he writes,
" to use a very powerful magnifying glass to read some of the
glosses, which are written up and down, over and hither, and
carried into the margin in the most irregular and unsatis-
factory manner."

The manuscripts in Trinity College library, H. 3. 18, con- MS. in H.
taining portions relating to the Senchus Mor, together with 3 ' 18-
a number of other tracts, now divided into two volumes
octavo, are stated by Professor O'Curry to be " made up of
various fragments of laws, glosses, poems, pedigrees, &c.,
chiefly written on vellum, but some on paper. The law
manuscripts are all on vellum, excepting a few lines on
paper, from page 331 to page 350, and date from the year
1511* to 1565."t At page 25 "the transcriber gives his
name, Carbre O'Maolchonaire, and the date, 1511, at Moy-
cullen, in the now county of Galway."

"The writing," in Professor O'Curry's opinion, "is in
various hands, and the fragments appear evidently to have
belonged to various compilations."

The tract relating to the Senchus Mor, contained in the
first volume of the manuscripts, was transcribed by Professor
O'Curry, and is in the Commissioners' transcripts, C. 756-
892. It contains the introduction, and a very copious gloss
of the terms which occur in the Senchus Mor.

The fourth manuscript of the Senchus Mor contained in the MS. in H.
volume of manuscripts (H. 2. 15) in the library of Trinity " 15-
College, Dublin, although only a fragment of the latter part
of the work, is, in some respects, the most interesting, on
account of its antiquity, it being apparently more ancient
than any of the other copies. It is on vellum, of folio

* Tide p. 2.",, ml. a. 1. 9. f Eml of p. I'M.

C

XXXIV PREFACE.

size, and the volume in which it is contained is " composed,"
according to Dr. O'Donovan, " of various fragments, written
at different periods by several hands." The words "Senchuf
TTlofx" at the head being, as he believed, in the handwriting
of Dubhalthach MacFirbis. The numbered pages of the
volume are 391.

Date of As showing the antiquity of this manuscript, Dr.
*%**" O'Donovan has translated a note which purports to have
been written in A.D. 1350 :

" One thousand three hundred ten and forty years from
the birth of Christ till this night ; and this is the second
year since the coming of the plague into Ireland. I have
written this in the twentieth year of my age. I am Hugh,
son of Conor MacEgan, and whoever reads it let him offer
a prayer of mercy for my soul. This is Christmas night, and
on this night I place myself under the protection of the King
of Heaven and Earth, beseeching that He will bring me and
my friends safe through this plague, &c. Hugh (son of
Conor, son of Gilla-na-naeve, son of Dunslavey) MacEgan,
who wrote this in his own father's book in the year of the
great plague."

In the Annals of the Four Masters a great plague is men-
tioned as raging in 1 349, a fact which coincides with MacEgan's
description of 1350 being the second year of the plague. It
would also appear that his life was spared for some nine
years, which he employed profitably; for in 1359 there is
recorded the death of Hugh, the son of Conor MacEgan, who
is described as the choicest of the Brehons of Ireland. He
was, no doubt, the Hugh, son of Conor MacEgan, who made
the entry in 1350 in his father's book, which contains the
Senchus Mor manuscript.

This MacEgan would appear to have belonged to a tribe
Brehon O r family of Brehons of that name, who are noticed by
Ma" Egal. MacGeoghegan* under the name of MacKeigans. The

* Note to his version of the Annals of Clonmacnoise. cited by O'Donovan, in
note (m) to Annals of the Four Masters, A.D. 1317.

PREFACE. XXXV

Brehons of Ireland," he says, "were divided into several
tribes and families, as the MacKeigans, O'Deorans, O'Bi
leans, and MacTholies. Every country had its peculiar
Brehaive dwelling within itself, that had power to decide the
causes of that country, and to maintain their controversies
against their neighbour countries, by which they held their
lands of the lord of the country where they dwelt."

In the Annals of the Four Masters the deaths of several
MacEgans are recorded, nearly all of whom are stated to
have been Brehons or Ollamhs ; and the country for which
they held office was generally Connaught, or parts of that
province :

A.D. 1309. Gilla-na-neave MacEgan slain, "Chief Brehon of
Connaught, and the most illustrious of the Brehons of his
time."

A.D. 1316. John MacEgan slain "O'Conor's Brehon."

A.D. 1317. Maelisa Roe MacEgan died "the most learned
man in Ireland in law and judicature."

A.D. 1329. Maelisa Donn MacEgan died "Chief Oik v of
Connaught."

A.D. 1354. Saerbraethach, son of Maelisa Donn MacEgan,
died in Inniscloghran, an island in Lough Ree "Ollav of
Clonmacnoise."

A.D. 1355. Teige MacEgan died "a man learned in the
Fenechus," or ancient laws of Ireland.

These were all predecessors or contemporaries of Hugh
MacEgan who made the entry in the book containing the
manuscript of the Senchus Mor. Gilla-na-neave MacEgan,
who died in 1309, was probably his grandfather.

The facts thus recorded in the Annals of the Four Masters,
all tend to confirm the conclusion that the manuscript in H.
2. 15, was in the possession of one of the most distinguished
families of Irish Brehons prior to 1350, and most probably
prior to 1309.

The MacEgans appear to have retained a distinguished
position as Brehons for many years; for in A.D. 1399 there
is recorded the death of another Gilla-na-naev, son of Conor

XXXVI PREFACE.

MacEgan, and most probably brother of Hugh MacEgan,
already referred to as connected with the manuscript in
H. 2. 15. He was arch-ollav of the Fenechus law; and in
the same year died Boethius MacEgan, a man extremely
skilled in the Fenechus law. Even so late as 1529, it is
recorded that Corcnamhach, son of Farrell, son of Donough
Duv MacEgan, died, and was interred at Elphin, "the
most distinguished adept in the Fenechus [or ancient laws
of Ireland] poetry and lay Brehonship in all the Irish
territories."

Other law tracts attributed to the MacEgans have
come down to us. In the volume of manuscripts in the
Library of Trinity College, H 3. 18, p. 355,* there is a poem
embodying in verse some of the leading principles of the
law of distress. It is described as having been composed by
Gilla-na-naev MacEgan,! son of Dunsleibh Mac Aedogain,
and to have been written for the noble company of O'Con-
nors at Cruachan, the ancient royal residence of the kings
of Connaught. This was, most probably, Gilla-na-neave
MacEgan, already referred to, who died in 1309.

Another law tract preserved in H. 3. 17, p. 157, com-
mences with a statement that it was changed from hard
original Gaelic and put into fair Gaelic by Gilla-na-Naemh,
son of Dunslavy Mac Aedhagain. This would appear to be
Gilla-na-neave, who died in 1309, the grandfather of Hugh
MacEgan, already referred to. The existence of such a tract
proves that there were in the thirteenth and fourteenth
centuries in the hands of the MacEgans ancient law tracts of
such considerable antiquity that it was thought a work of
importance to translate them into the ordinary Irish language
of that period. The fact that such translations were made

Commissioners' Transcripts, C. 742.

t There are two other Gilla-na-naev MacEgans mentioned in the Annals of the
Four Masters:

A.D. 1443, Gilla-na-naev, son of Gilla-na-naev, son of Hugh, died ; he was "OIlav
of Munster in law, a man generally skilled in each art"

A.D. 1447, Gilla-na-naev, the son of Aireachtach, who was son of Solomon
MacEgan, died ; " the most learned Brehon and Professor of Law in Ireland."

I Commissioners' Transcripts, C. 285.

PREFACE. XXXV11

in the law schools in Ireland, makes it unreasonable to
argue, from the age of the language or the absence of very
ancient grammatical forms in any copy so treated, against
the antiquity of the original text.

The manuscript in H. 2. 15, has been transcribed by Dr.
O'Donovan, in the Commissioners' transcripts, O'D. 993-1225.
He describes this fragment as much better, so far as it goes,
than the manuscript H. 3. 17.

It has been already noticed that the manuscript in the History of
Trinity College collection, H. 3. 17, was, in 1666, the pro- S
perty of Dubhalthach MacFirbis.* A few years afterwards

f* T^ J J frx-

it appears to have come into the possession ot Edward
Lhwyd, author of the " Archaelogia Britannica," which was
published in Oxford in 1707.

The manuscript in the Trinity College collection, H. 3. 18,
appears to have also come into Mr. Lhwyd's possession about
the same time. This entire collection of manuscripts at one
time belonged to him, and the paging numbers are in his
handwriting, t The manuscripts contain two notes by Mr.
Lhwyd at pp. 459 and 565, stating that he bought one
manuscript from Cornaii O'Cornin, in the county of Sligo, in
Connaught, in the year 1700, and another from John Agnew,
near Lame, in the county of Antrim, in the year 1700.

The manuscript in the Trinity College collection, H. 2. 15,
after being in the possession of the MacEgan family for
many years, was, about the middle of the seventeenth cen-
tury, in the possession of Dubhalthach Mac Firbis. At the
beginning of the eighteenth century it formed part of the
"Irish manuscripts that had been collected from various
parts of Ireland"}: by Mr. Lhwyd, " twenty or thirty in
number."

* Mr. Charles O'Conor states that MacFirbis was instructed by the MacEgans,
who kept a law seminary in Tipperary in the reign of Charles I.Ledwich's
'Antiquities," second edition, p. 303.

t Stokes's Old Irish Glossaries, p. Ixvi.

J O'Reilly's Transactions of the Iberno-Celtic Society for 1820, p. iii.

Letter of Edward Lhwyd to the Royal Society, published in Baddam's Abridg-
ment of the Philosophical Transactions, vol. v, p. 2. Vide O'Reilly's Essay on
Ancient Irish Institutes. Tram. R.I. A., vol. xiv. p. 147.

XXXV111 PREFACE.

Lhwyd's collection of manuscripts afterwards came into
the hands of Sir John Seabright. About 1 782, the founda-
tion of the Society of Antiquarians, which preceded the
Royal Irish Academy, having attracted attention to Irish
antiquities, the celebrated Edmund Burke "prevailed on Sir
John Seabright to present to the library of Trinity College,
Dublin, the Lhwyd collection of manuscripts," since called
the " Seabright manuscripts."

The trust upon which these manuscripts were restored to
Ireland is stated in Mr. Burke's letter to General Vallency
of 15th August, 1783, in which he suggested that the ori-
ginals of the Irish manuscripts, with a literal translation
into Latin or English, should be published, that they might
become the proper subjects of criticism and comparison. "It
was in the hope," he adds, "that some such thing should be
done that I originally prevailed on Sir John Seabright to
let me have his manuscripts, and that I sent them by Dr
Leland to Dublin."

It is interesting to trace in the present publication a ful-
filment of the plan of Edmund Burke, to whose active inter-
vention we are indebted for the safe custody of, and ready
access to, the manuscripts. In his foresight and wisdom in
this matter we find traces of that greatness of mind which
is at length about to receive a fitting tribute from his
countrymen.

Selection of The manuscripts of the Senchus Mor were translated by
Dr. O'Donovan ; some portions were translated also by Pro-
fessor O'Curry ; and the manuscript H. 3. 18, was translated
by Professor O'Curry before Dr. O'Donovan executed his
translation of it.

From an examination of the text and translation of the
manuscripts it appeared to Dr. O'Donovan and myself that
the Harleian copy was the most satisfactory to adopt as a basis
for the first volume of the Senchus Mor. It is accordingly the
text which has been followed in this volume. Words and sen-
tences and whole passages of gloss and commentary have how-
ever been supplied from the other manuscripts, and in some

PREFACE.

cases, for a defective passage in the Harleian copy, a more
complete passage has been introduced from one of the other
copies. All the words and passages so introduced are
marked with brackets, and there is given a reference to the
page of the Commissioners' transcripts from which the word
or passage is taken.

When the Irish text had been prepared by Dr.
for press, he compared the entire of the Harleian portion with
the original manuscript in the British Museum. On this
comparison some phrases were detected which had escaped
him in his first transcription, and he was enabled to check
and correct the entire of the Irish text. From the text
so settled by him the present volume has been printed
A ^ew sheets were read by him, in first and second proof,
before his death ; and the entire of the proofe have since
been read and compared with his revised transcript by Pro-
fessor O'Mahony.

In the original manuscript of the Senchus Mor there is, as
already noticed, a difference marked by the size of the letters
between what is text and what is gloss or commentary.
This distinction has been marked both in the Irish and in
the translation, by distinct type. By a further distinction
in type the explanatory matter, which is merely gloss or
explanation of words, is distinguished from more lengthened
commentary or illustrations.

The language of the text and of the poem ascribed to Aged *
Dubhthach Mac ua Lugair was believed by Dr. O'Donovan t
to be of the age in which it is said to have been composed.
The introduction describing the origin of the Senchus Mor
and of the poem purports to be a subsequent production. It
speaks of the authors of the Senchus in the third person.
"Nofis, therefore, is the name of the book which they ar-
ranged." Again, one of the places of the poem is said to be
Rath-guthaird, "where the stone of Patrick is ut til" <lay."
Professor O'Curry has stated his opinion that this intro-
duction is itself of high antiquity* Upon the introduction

* O'Curry's " Lectures on the Materials of Irish History," p. 10.

xl

PREFACE.

there is gloss and commentary of more recent composition.
Dr. Todd* considers portions of the Senchus Mor of great
antiquity, and that the remainder, making allowance for
comparatively modern alterations, can scarcely be regarded
as of later date than the ninth or tenth century. Dr. Petrief
has noticed that the Senchus Mor is quoted several times in
Comae's Glossary, the greater part of which was most probably
composed in the ninth or tenth century,} and that upon the
word " Moipi r ," or knowledge of nine, the same account is
given of the composition of the Senchus Mor as is contained
in the passage from the Annals of the Four Masters, already
quoted.

The important position which law treatises occupied in
the early literature of Ireland is proved by the fact that the
books cited in Cormac's Glossary are, with one exception,
law treatises.

In Cormac's Glossary, under the word, " CCtsaGail,"
" Law of Distress," a reference is made to the case of 'the
distress taken by Asal from Mog son of Nuadhat, as stated
in the Senchus Mor,|| a fact which places beyond a doubt
the high antiquity of the portion of the Senchus Mor con-
tained in this volume.

The statements in the commentaries on the Senchus Mor
-that the judicature of Ireland, before the Christian Era,
belonged to the poets ; that the judgments of Doidin Mac"
Uin and others were in verse ; that Fergus and Dubhthach
explained to St. Patrick what their "predecessors had sung;"
that Dubhthach "put a thread of poetry round the Senchu's
for St. Patrick;" and that two poets, Fergus and Dubhthach
were the chief authors of the Senchus have all received

* Todd's " St. Patrick, Apostle of Ireland," p. 484.

Petrie's " History and Antiquities of Tara Hill," p. 71.

J Mr. Stokes says-" On the whole we may safely say that the proofs adduced
in the former part of this preface sufficiently show that the greater part of what is
immonly called Cormac's Glossary was written, if not in the time of Cormac at
rithfa a century or so after his death (A.D. 9Q3)."-Old Irish Glossaries, p. xviii
) Stokes's Old Irish Glossaries, p. liv.
| Page 65.

PREFACE. x

strong corroboration from the interesting discovery of the
VeryRev. Charles Graves, D.D., that portions of the text of
the Senchus Mor are in regular Irish verse.*

It will be a matter of interest to Irish Scholars to deter-
mine the extent to which traces of verses exist in the rest
of the text. To whatever extent the Senchus Mor under-
went the process described with regard to another Brehon
Law manuscript, already referred to, as being translated
from hard original Gaelic into fair Gaelic of the thirteenth
century, the versification of the original text would be dis-
turbed; and so the existence or absence of versification might
afford a key to the parts of the text which are in the original
language of the fifth century, in the Berla Feini dialect.

The addition of more modern glosses and commentaries,
and the existence of glosses in some copies not to be found in
others, and of a manuscript composed of glosses alone, does
not affect the reliance to be placed on the authenticity of the
text. Such variations, which, in the case of the copies of a
poem, or an essay, or an epistle, would be evidence of careless
copying or wilful tampering with an original document,

* The following is a specimen of these verses, from the " Senchus Mor," p. 122:
each vfn kich,
CCfim VT 11 11 ch,
&ch fia 0156,
"Dam VT 11 ti-afi,
bo ppi blichc,
ITlucc co nufi,
Cauyiu co 11;
'CoicTme'o fu,
bicrctxro aifiec,

necatjxt,
Comopuifi, cadi out,

151 conch,
i mbi-o batle,
CCiet ocu-p caifie,
Lofac ocuf C|iiac1iai\;
meich ai)\ech,

aenaig, yc.

Similar specimens may be found at pp. 120, 12G, 160, 166, and 184. Traces of
a different metre appear in p. 150, and a large portion of the old text has a rytliiuical

flow.

xlii

run FACE.

would, in the case of law books like the Senchus Mor, only
indicate that the glosses and commentaries, like notes in dif-
ferent editions of the Statutes, or of Coke upon Littleton's
Tenures, or any similar English law book, were of much less
authority than the text itself, and were capable of being
modified or added to by subsequent Brehons.

The copies of the laws which have come down to us are
obviously the copies belonging to particular Brehons, or
families of Brehons, or, perhaps, law schools ; and while they
each for the most part embody the same original and binding
text, they each also contain such explanations and render-
ings of the rules of law as were considered the correct expo-
sitions of them by the particular individuals or schools whose
copies they were ; and in the several copies the glosses and
commentaries, though practically identical as a general rule,
are omitted, modified, or added to, obviously according to
the judgment of the author of the manuscript.

' The mistakes and erroneous views in some of these later
glosses and commentaries are not to be ascribed to the
authors of the Senchus Mor; they only indicate that such
views were held by certain Brehons at some time subsequent
to St. Patrick., The glosses and commentaries, too, which
contain matters and ideas belonging to a period much later
than the fifth century, are not to be rejected as fraudulent
interpolations, as it is not for a moment to be supposed, nor
is it stated, that they are of the same date as the text.

Mr. O'Eeilly notices this difference of date between the
text and the gloss, as indicated by the dialect of the Irish
used ; "The text," he observes,* "of all our law books is in
the Fenian dialect, but it is accompanied by an interlined
gloss, which in more modern language explains the terms
contained in it."

Transia- It appears to have been generally anticipated, amongst
SenchL Irish antiquarians, that the translation of the ancient Irish
Mor. laws would be a work of considerable difficulty.

Mr. Charles O'Conor, of Balanagar, in the last century,

O'Reilly's Essay on the "Ancient Institutes of Ireland." Trans. It I V vol
xiv., p. 218.

PREFACE. xliii

wrote*: "I have had an opportunity of conversing with
some of the most learned Irish scholars in our island, and
they freely confessed to me that to them both the text and
gloss were equally unintelligible. The key for expounding
both was, so late as the reign of Charles the First, possessed
by the MacEgans, who kept their law school in Tipperary ;
and I dread that since that time it has been lost."

Dr. Ledwich expresses his opinion, that, by a common Irish
scholar, furnished only with Lhwyd's, Macurtin's, O'Brien's,
or O'Clery's dictionary, the fragments of the Brehon Laws
cannot be understood. " O'Flaherty," he observes, "though
instructed by MacFirbis, could scarcely explain one page of
them ;f and the great Lhwyd tells the Royal Society he con-
sultad the best Irish scholars upon this subject, but in vain.
O'Conor never attempted them, and the editor of them
[General Vallency] distrusts his translations, because the
text admitted of various expositions, and the commentator
is frequently at a loss for their meaning."

Mr. O'Reilly, in his Essay on the " Ancient Institutes of
Ireland," for which he was awarded the gold medal of the
Royal Irish Academy in 1824, says " It must be admitted
that the translation of the Brehon Law would be a work of
considerable labour and difficulty."- "Both text and gloss
are, it is confessed, obsolete, and to the person who is
acquainted with only the vulgar dialect of the modern Irish
must be unintelligible."!

The difficulties so fully predicted became manifest in the
process of the work ; and in the preliminary translation
of the Senchus Ator manuscripts, which was made for the
Commissioners by the late Dr. O'Donovan and Prof)
O'Cuny, many words and phrases were left untranslated,
and the sense of many of the passages remained obscure.
The entire translation, in this state, was read over by my

* O'Reilly's Essay on the ''Ancient Institutes of Ireland. Trans. R.I. A., vol.
xiv., p. 217.

t Ledwich's "Antiquities," second edition, pp. 302, 203.

J " Transactions of the Royal Irish Academy," vol. xiv., p. 218.

xliv

PREFACE.

assistant, Mr. Busteed, and myself, and the difficult or

unsatisfactory passages carefully noted.

For the translation of such passages, the glosses explanatory

of particular terms or phrases were studied, and different parts

of the laws compared, and suggestions were made to Dr.

O'Donovan ; and upon consultation with him the entire

translation was revised, and meanings assigned to the great

majority of the untranslated words and phrases.

When the translation had been thus amended, a portion

was set up and revised on first and second proof by Dr.

O'Donovan himself; but at the time of his death only a few

sheets had reached this stage.

The entire volume had, however, been amended in manu-
script, as the result of his consideration of the suggestions
made to him and of the consultations with him which I
have referred to ; and, though not all read in proof by
him, it had the benefit of his latest views of the interpre-
tation and translation of the law terms.

On a few of the sheets observations were made by the
Rev. James H. Todd, D.D., one of the Commissioners ; and the
entire translation was read in proof by the Very Rev. Charles
Graves, D.D., another of the Commissioners, and has had the
benefit of his numerous valuable suggestions.

The proof sheets have all been finally considered and re-
vised by Professor O'Mahony and by myself, with sucli aid
as could be derived from a reference to other portions of the
Brehon Laws, translated by Dr. O'Donovan and Professor
O'Curry.

After the death of Dr. O'Donovan, the Commissioners
proposed to submit the proof sheets to Professor O'Curry, in
order to have the benefit of his suggestions also ; but his
sudden death prevented this being carried out.

Untrans- Some few words have been left untranslated, such as 'cain,'

words. ' urradhus,' &c. ' Cain'-law appears to have been a law or

decision applying to all Ireland, such as Cain Adamnain ; and

Cain Patraic, a name for the Senchus Mor. It has been

PREFACE.

thought that the word meant statute law, but the Irish law
in early times appears to have rested on the decisions ot
Brehons or judges, rather than on legislation ; and the Senchus
Mor itself is an authorized collection of approved judicial
decisions, like the pandects of the Roman law, and is not
statute law, like the decrees of the Roman Senate or people,
or the constitutions of the emperors, or like our modern
Acts of Parliament.

' Urradhus' law has been by some supposed to mean common
law but the English meaning of the term 'common law
would not translate the word. 'Urradhus' appears to be
derived from 'urradh,' a native, and to apply to the local
modifications of the general laws, consequent on the division
of Ireland into separate kingdoms and territories,
four 'urradhus' laws recognised in the Senchus Mor*

Cairde' has been translated 'intertenitorial regulations.
Its common meaning is amity ; but it relates to a branch at
least if not to the entire, of what, in the science of jurispru-
dence is called international law ; onlyin Ireland the questions
were more dealt with by chiefs of subordinate territories,
that the term international would not apply. The term inter-
territorial has, therefore, been used to indicate the class
questions comprised in it. Again, the territories being partly
independent, but partly also subordinate to the general laws,
the 'cairde ' appears not to have rested on treaty alone, 01
on general laws, but to have been regulated partly by ea<

Some other words have been left untranslated.
ori<nnally probably meaning cattle, seems to have reference
to a standard of value.t and is frequently used in the sense of
that which has value, as goods or property. The early laws
and history of Ireland have not been yet sufficiently invest
crated to enable the value or exact meaning of the word
'aed' to be determined, and the Irish term has accordingly
been retained in the translation.

J "R^Lto, 1 i.e, two cows;" " three ' seds,' i.e., three in-calf cows for two
cows after calving." Stnchut Mor, p. 103.

xlvi PREFACE.

' Cumkal,' which originally meant a female slave, came
afterwards to mean the value of a female slave, and thence
became a measure of value, and so was retained long after
slavery was abolished.

The original words for the different kinds of fines and
penalties, as ' eric,' ' smacht,' ' dire,' ' airer,' have been re-
tained as descriptive of classes of fines.

All Irish terms retained in the translation are marked
with single inverted commas. Words supplied in the trans-
lation, to make the meaning intelligible, for which there are
no corresponding words in the Irish, are marked in italics.
Where remarkable Irish idioms receive a very free transla-
tion the literal meaning is given in the margin. '

Athgabh- The subject-matter of the portions of the Senchus Mor
Lawof m ^ ie present volume is the law of distress, so far as it is
Distress, contained in the Harleian manuscript.

It appears to have been the universal remedy by which
rights were vindicated and wrongs redressed.

The following account will give an idea of the general steps
of the process, and will help towards the understanding of
the several rules of law as given in detail in the book itself.
The plaintiff or creditor having first given the proper
notice, proceeded, in the case of a defendant or debtor not
c.f chieftain grade, to distrain. If, however, the defendant
or debtor were a person of chieftain grade, it was necessary
not only to give notice, but also to "fast upon him." This fast-
ing upon him consisted in going to his residence, and waiting
there for a certain time without food. If the plaintiff did not
within a certain time receive satisfaction for his claim, or a
pledge therefor, he forthwith, accompanied by a law agent, wit-
nesses, and others, seized his distress. The distress when seized
was in certain cases liable to a " stay" (' anadh'), which was
a period, varying according to fixed rules, during which the
debtor received back the distress, and retained it in his own
keeping, the creditor having a lien upon it. Such a distress
is (' athgabhail ar fut') a " distress with time," but under cer-

PREFACE.

tain circumstances, and in particular cases, an "immediate
distress" ('tul athgabhaiT) was made, the peculiarity of
which was, that during the fixed period of the stay the
distress was not allowed to remain in the debtor's posses-
sion, but in that of the creditor, or in one of the recognised
greens or pounds.

If the debt was not paid by the end of the stay the creditor
took away the distress, and put it into a pound. He then
served notice of the distress on the debtor whom he had dis-
trained, letting him know where what was distrained was im-
pounded. The distress remained in the pound a certain period,
fixed according to its nature (' dithim,' translated " delay in
pound," is the name of this period), and the expense of feed-
ing and tending ran against the distress, and was payable out
of it for this period. At the end of the delay in pound the for-
feiting time (' lobadh') began to run, during which the distress
became forfeited at the rate of three 'seds' per day until
entirely forfeited. If the entire value of the distress thus
forfeited was exactly equal to the original debt and the subse-
quent expenses, the debt was liquidated ; if it was less than
this, a second distress was taken for the difference ; and if more,
the overplus was returned. All this proceeding was managed
by the party himself or his law agent, with the several wit-
nesses of the various steps, and other necessaiy parties.

But if, instead of allowing his cattle to go to pound, the
debtor gave a sufficient pledge ('gell') e.g., his son, or some
article of value to the creditor that he would within a cer-
tain time try the right to the distress by law, the creditor
was bound to receive such pledge. If he did not go to law,
as he so undertook, the pledge became forfeited for the
original debt.

At any time up to the end of the 'dithim ' the debtor could
recover his cattle by paying the debt and such expenses as
had been incurred. But if he neglected to redeem them
until the 'dithim' had expired, then he could only redeem
such of them as were still unforfeited.

Such is a general outline of the ordinary process of distress,

xlviii PREFACE.

but the distinctions in the different cases in which the dis-
tress has a stay of one day, two days, three days,, five days,
or ten days, and all the other details, can only be ascertained
from the work itself.

Parallels in The most remarkable peculiarity about the Irish Law of
LawsTo Distress is the fasting, which formed a portion of the process

Fasting in o f distress.
Irish Law .

of Distress, r or this peculiar custom the only precedent I have met
with is in the Hindoo laws.* The Laws of Menu comprised
a process called 'Acharitan,' sometimes translated distress,
which was one of the processes by which a creditor might
recover the property lent.-f- -

Acharitan is explained to mean "the sitting 'dherna' at
the door of the debtor, abstaining from food till, by fear of
the creditor dying at his door, compliance on the part of
the debtor is exacted, an alarming species of importunity
prohibited in the Bengal Provinces by one of the Bengal
Kegulations."i

"Dherna" is described byElphinstone somewhat differently:
"Common creditors also resort to the practice which is
called 'dherna,' but without threats of self-murder, which
the Bramins use; they prevent their debtors eating by an
appeal to his honour, and also by stopping his supplies, and
they fast themselves the whole time they compel their debtor
to do so. This sort of compulsion is used even against
princes, and must not be resisted by force. It is a very
common mode employed by troops to procure payment of
arrears, and is then directed either against the paymaster,
the prime minister, or the sovereign himself."

* The fines in the Hindoo laws bear some analogy to the fines in the Irish law:
thus it is provided by the Laws of Menu that, " a debt being admitted by the de-
fendant, he must pay five in the hundred as a fine to the king ; but if it be denied
and proved, twice as much." Chap. 8, sec. 139.

t " Laws of Menu," chap, viii., sec. 549. Sir William Jones, vol. Hi. p. 282.

J " Strange's Hindu Laws," vol. i., p. 308.

In " Elphinstone's India," vol. i., p. 37-',

PREFACE. Xlix

A supposed peculiarity of the ancient laws of Ireland is Principle of
the compensation for murder, which is called '61 pic' (eric), ^a! ]" 01

Spenser, writing in the time of Queen Elizabeth, though peculiar to
admitting the Brehon laws to possess a great show of equity Irish Laws,
in determining the right between party and party, yet con-
demned it as containing matter quite repugnant to human
laws, on account of eric.*

Sir William Blackstone, with more justice, points out that
the process of appeal for murder which existed in his day in
the laws of England, and which was only abolished in 1819,
by Stat. 59 Geo. III., c. 46, was analogous to the eric fine for
murder in the Irish Brehon Laws.-f-

Ke describes, too, the appeal for murder in the English
law, as having " its original in those times when a pecuniary
satisfaction, called weregild, was constantly paid to the party
injured, or his relations, to expiate enormous oifences. This
was a custom derived to us, in common with other northern
nations, from our ancestors, the Germans. "|

The German customs, thus referred to by Sir William Black-
stone, are described by Tacitus :

"In their resentments, however, they are not implacable;
injuries are adjusted by a settled measure of compensation ;
atonement is made for homicide by a certain number of cattle ;
and by that satisfaction the whole family is appeased; a
happy regulation, than which nothing can be more conducive
to the public interest, since it serves to curb that spirit of
revenge which is the natural result of liberty in the excess."

Of the same kind as the weregilds of the Germans is the
kinbote of the Swedes, derived from the person who sought
to atone for his crime by "bote," ransoming "himself from
the wood."||

"Spenser's View of the State of Ireland," in Thorn's Reprint nj Irish Tracts,
vol. i., p. 421.

+ " Blackstone's Commentaries," vol. iv., p. :il:{.

J Tacitus, "De situ Moribiis ct Populis (icrmanin?," < h. I'l. Translated by
Murphy.

"Murphy's T.-u itn>." "Manners of the Germans" ?. xiii., note </.

\\ Geijer's " History of the Swili^." lraii-il;iti-d hy Tiinn-r, vol. i., p. Kl.

d

1 PREFACE.

Similar compensations are appointed in the Salic and
Ripuarian Laws of the Franks.*

The existence of compensation for murder amongst the
ancient Greeks is shown by different passages in Homer

" A son's or brother's death,
By payment of a fine, may be aton'd ;
The slayer may remain in peace at home,
The debt discharged : the other will forego,
The forfeiture received, his just revenge."

J Iliad, v. 732 Earl of Derby's Translation.

Again, in the description of Achilles' shield

" Meanwhile a busy throng the forum fill'd :
There between two a fierce contention rose, ,
About a death-flue ; to the public one
Appealed, asserting to have paid the whole ;
While one denied that he had aught receiv'd."

18 Iliad, v. 540 Earl of Derby's Translation.

When we find the principle of compensation for murder
prevailing amongst the Greeks, Germans, Franks, and Anglo-
Saxons, noticed with approbation by the Roman historian,
Tacitus, and leaving traces of its existence in English law till
1819, there is no foundation for the representation that the
principle of eric, however objectionable, is repugnant to all
human laws, or that it is really peculiar to the ancient laws
of Ireland.

Conclusion. How completely the knowledge of the ancient Irish laws
was lost after the end of the seventeenth century is indicated
by the fact that the Senchus Mor has been commonly referred
to by modern historians as a history or chronicle of Ireland.
The law preserved in the Senchus Mor, originating in the
iudgments of Pagan Brehons, cotemporaneous with or prior
to the Christian era, revised by St. Patrick on the conver-
sion of the Irish to Christianity, and recognised throughout
the greater part of Ireland till the reign of King James I.,
constitutes an important portion of the ancient laws which
prevailed in Ireland for upwards of fifteen hundred years.

* Leg Sal. Tit. 44, and Tit. 57 pars secumla Lex Kipuar Tit. 7 and Tit. 34, quoted
in O'Reilly's Essay on "Ancient Institutes of Ireland." Trans. K I.A., vol. xiv.,
p. 187.

PREFACE.

li

The publication of the Senchus Mor, with such a transla-
tion as will lead to its being studied, appreciated, and under-
stood, forms, therefore, a fitting commencement of the con-
tributions to the materials for the History of Ireland which
the Commission under whose directions it has been prepared
was intended to secure.

It is a contribution to the history of the Irish or Scotic
race who in early times so colonized Scotland as to give
their name and a line of kings to that country, and who
sent, in the sixth and seventh centuries, such zealous mis-
sionaries and learned teachers to advance Christianity and
civilization throughout Europe who, in our own day, are
nearly as numerous in Great Britain as in Ireland, and have
contributed so large an element to the great nations which
are arising in America and Australia.

W. NEILSON HANCOCK.

Ufa, fauv , o.f Iff?,

*

SENCHUS MOR.

A tiri.w f-

6 M3./7 erf. /

sendius moil.

TION.
O'D. 1.

INTRODUO t/ occ -O OTI tait>p6 'Ceamum, ocup loc t>o Seanchup hi

TlCfV

famjiaT) ocup 1 po^rnuji, a]i a glainm [ocup a^i-a-hailine]
ip na haiTnpe]iaib pm ; ocup Raich ^nc aifVO, m baili
at>ca Lee pacfiaic amu, 1 n'glm'D na mboTnifi, 1

Mich nemurTDacli, a loc a nseimfUT) ocup a
ap, gaipe leo a conat> ocup a tiipce, ocup an, ,
1 naimpji m geampuacca.

Raic sue aifiT) r>ono, if aifii crcbeyitiifi Raic gucoiTXT), .1. ixaic 1 n
riech ina 5116 nayi7>, no net gut ti-iiiT>ti5tec; tio a nj;ocaib na nan/o, na
10 neotac, no na nufiT>, na nua-pxU

CCjv bn,u tlicha, .1. Ilich amm -non abumt), no Mic, an, m conplicc K\O
O'D. 1. Utyxro na geinci OUT) pn.i Pucpaic; no [llemance] nem^oiliaomec, .1. um iayc
lain co|iaT>; no tlic nemuiToach, .1. mitt netnunn ipo gabcaiy 1 tna
5; no guma gum "DO ifionca 1 pafi|xaT) t4emanT>c1n ; no Mic nemneac, .1.

c i$ ueog neime DO ^aT>aT> itiuci "DO , , u
,y f Cuach Ian 7)0 neim DO i\crc T>iaui -00 na on.ai'Dib T)0, ocuy

CUf '^ ' t>0 P acn - alc eipiTn, ocu-jp gunaT) unnpn T>O fiinue Pacn,aic na bjxiacliiia-pa

'1ubu f\f fp.\ ibu, f\f ibu
a, ibu lieu,

ciT>be gabu^ pn -pop, mm no tiun ni bia in,coic Tie. Ko coma-o e
m nomme "Dei pacixip" T>O nee aiTo, ocuy |io cana"D ipn

Ocuf ic intnTDa airnfep, T)oib, aimfeji Lae^aifie nuc
Gifienn ; ocuf 'Cecofiuf ]iob m]\T> fug in 'Oomam

1 Place, Locc. The capital L, which was evidently intended to be an ornamented
one, is omitted in the original 5IS.

3 Place, i.e. where it was composed.

3 Loud speaking. Guth aird may signify " high voice," or " voice of the high,
or noble, or distinguished men."

SENCHUS MOR.

THE place 1 of this Poem and the place of the Sen- INTRODUC-
TION.
chus was Teamhair, in the summer and in the

autumn, on account of its cleanness and pleasantness
during these seasons ; and Rath-guthaird, where the
stone of Patrick is at this day in Glenn-na-mbodhur,
nopr Xith nemonnach, was the place, 2 during the win-
ter and the spring, on account of the nearness of its
fire-wood and its water, and on account of its warmth
in the time of winter's cold.

Rath guth aird was so called as being a fort ('rath') where a person was .pun. VttWtiff ^
igl for loud speaking, 3 or for unlawful speaking ; or from the voices of the ' ards,'
i.e. of the learned ; or of the ' ards,' i.e. of the nobles.

On the bank of Xith, i.e. Nith was the name of the river, or it toot
called Nith from the contest which the pagans had there with Patrick. 'Xemance'
or 'nemhshomaoinech,' i.e. unproductive of fish and produce; or 'Nith nemun-
nach,' i.e. gpy\ *(nng* they used to find in its strand ; or it was callnl Xith from tluru&pt
a slaughter committed along with Nemannaeh; or 'Nith nemhneach,' from a
poisonous drink which was u'iven then- to Patrick.

A cup full of poison was given by one of the druids to him, and this was revealed
to Patrick, and thereupon Patrick pnmounced these words over the liquor:
" lubu 4 fis fri ibu, fis ibu anfis,
" Fris bru uatha, ibu lithu, Christi Jesu."

And whoever pronounces these words over poison or liquor shall receive no injury
from it. Or it was the prayer let/tuning " In nomine Dei Patris," &c., he then com-
posed, and pronounced over the liquor.

And they 5 were composed at the same time
in the time of Laeghaire, son of Niall, king of
Erin; and Theodosius was monarch of the world

i lubu, $c. _ These words, like some of the charms of the middle ages, appear to
have no meaning.

5 They, i.e. the poem and the Senchus.

B 2

Senchtif Tnu

ISTRODOC- COTO m can fin, octif "oeifmeftecc aiiifiT>e, uc mixic in
pi let)

"Paqaaic p.o baichuif 50 li,
"1n aimfifi T^echofi,
,r"Pfiiccuif foifcela cen mec,
"*Oo cuaic molpaij mac TniteT)."

Ocuf pefifa t>o -Seanctif tin pefifannu m cencufct,

; e

. Cofic, "Oaifii
, beneom, Caijineach coif\ r
" , *0ubcac, "Pepgup co peib,
fin c-8encuif

a J*M Utt Pefifa na lame imofifio "Oubchac TTlac tia Lti5ai|i, fiij

filet) bfe^ n^ixent).

'Cucaic a T>enmti m c-Senctifa; pacfiai^ T)o coiT>ecc

n 1 n6-|xmT) T>O filat) batuif octif qieT)nie T>o 'gaei'Deluib,

.1. if m nomat) blicroam TIO plaiceaf 'Cecop, octif if in

ceqiamat blmtain T)o flaiauf Laegaiiie mic Neitl, fiig

6fienn.

'Cucaic a T3enmti na laii)i imojifio: .1. Laegaifie "Da
actijiail ap, cac fe^^ T>o TntnnT>ap, paqiaic 'Do mafibat);
ocuf a bjiec fem o Cae^aifie T>on a no muififefi, co
finmtTifiTn m T)il5at) T)o bep,aT) T)o. Ocf T>o cualait)
Nuat)t] *0ep,5, mac Meill, 'Dejibfiachaip, T)o Caegaifie
eipT)eic, ocf e a ngialltn'oecc ac Laegai^e, ocuf a
i^'Oubaificp'oe T>a fuaflaiccea T)e, ocuf 50 cucca cuma
eli T>o, no muijifei) nee T)o mtnnncin> pacfiaic. Ocuf
cucaT) caifit>ecc matxcfltiais Laegaiiie T)o, ocuf fio fu-

1 Xuada Derg. He is not mentioned by name in any of the published lives of St.
Patrick; nor ia the copies of this preface preserved in O'D. 490, or C. 756.

SENCIIUS HOE.

at that time, and it was in commemofatten of this INTRODUC-

TIOX.

the poet said :

" Patrick baptized with glory,

" In the time of Theodosius,

" He preached the Gospel without failure

" To the glorious people of Milidh's sons."

And the authors of the Senchus were the number
of the persons of the Senchus viz.,

" Laeghaire, Core, Dairi, the hardy,

" Patrick, Benen, Cairnech, the just,

" Rossa, Dubhthach, Ferghus, with science,

" These were the nine pillars of the Senchus Mor."

But the author of the Poem was Dubhthach Mac ua
Lugair, royal poet of the men of Erin.

The cause of the Senchus having been composed
was this : Patrick came to Erin to baptize and to
disseminate religion among the Gaeidhil, i.e., in the
ninth year of the reign of Theodosius, and in the
fourth year of the reign of Laeghaire, son of Mall,
king of Erin.

But the cause of the Poem having been composed
was as follows : Laeghaire ordered his people to kill
a man of Patrick's people ; and Laeghaire agreed to
give his own award to the person who should kill the
man, that he might discover whether he would grant
forgiveness for it. And Nuada Derg 1 , the son of Mall,
brother of Laeghaire, who was in captivity in the
hands of Laeghaire, heard this, and he said that if he
were released, and got other rewards, he would kill
one of Patrick's people. And the command of Laegh-
aire's cavalry was given him, and he was released from

Senchtif til op.

aflaiccea t)ia ^lalltn'Oecc, octif po ^abtifraip plant! tun
- a coTntillat) fin pif ; octif p,o gabtifcaip a fleig a <*
Tioip, octif T>O cuaiT) TnnTifaiji tia cleip.ec, octif cap-
Itnj; m fleig fincib octif po| mapbtifcam OT>pan, apti
,-pacpai 5 .

Ho jurna mu capptic no bee in clep,ech anT), ocnf
ODjian oc cofiugct'D in cafiptnc, octif guma cuigi buTiem
no befiuT) m cujicti^. Ocuf p.o fep.gai'De'D m clepec, ocuf
fio cogaib a lamu fuaf T>ocum a d^efina, octif fio bi^
iv cpofp^ilt; ocuf camij cn,icnuaf) ocuf cattmicunifgaT)
mop, ifin baile, octif Topcheru an, mn spem, ocuf r<qv
ocuf iffei) crr>efitncfem co noflaiocea 'Do|uij >
anT) m uaqi fin, ocuf 50 fiabuf 05 impoT) na
c; octif comT) ann fin po claenca 'Cemuip. Ocuf
ir\io aiccicea a Ogepna pif na lamu T)o coipnem tim
bpec "DO gabail ma fep mtiin'ocipi 'Dolmapbat), ocuf a [?'' J
poga bpecemon 1 n-6pmn T>o ; octif po aemtifcaip. fom
fin o po haicceT) T)ia p,if.

Ocuf ife poga |itic, .1. titil a i^eip ingptiT) innp
10 he-ipenn, .1. "Oubchac fllac na Lti^aip, tefcap Ian do
I T 10 ^ 1T1 rP 1 ^ 01 "f* 1 inr 111 - IfW P n gabchup, o btif cap,

mtup acpa [nee] Ti'acpa a T>ata, a poga bpetemon i
n-6ipmn T>o; ocuf o bf cap epic cuiciT) cicfa, a jioga
bpecemon ifin ctuceT) Tio. Octif po pa 'ooiti'o la
25*Oubchac mi fin, octif ac bepc. "Oupfain Ttnc, a paT)
fjiim, a cleipig, olfe ; if amnuf T)am beich ipn "Dail
pn icip "Oia ocuf Tiume ; ap ma'oea'D afbepfa a ne-
meipic m gnimafa bef, biT) olc T)oc mcaibpu, ociif ni

1 Came. This event is related in Probus and the Book of Armagh.

2 Inclined, This inclination of the hill is differently accounted for in the Lebhar
Gabhala. See Petrie's Antiquities of Tara Hill, p. 220.

SENCHUS MOE.

captivity, and he gave guarantees that he-srottM-Mfil
and he took his lance at once, and went

towards the clerics, and hurled the lance at them and
slew Odhran, Patrick's charioteer.

Or, according to others, the cleric (Patrick} was in
his chariot at the time, and Odhran was adjusting the
chariot, and it was at Patrick himself the shot was
aimed. And the cleric was angered, and raised up his
hands towards his Lord, and remained in the attitude
of prayer with his hands crossed ; and there came 1 a
great shaking and an earthquake at the place, and
darkness came upon the sun, and there was an eclipse ;
and they say that the gate of hell was then opened,
and that Temhair was being overturned ; and then it
was that Temhair became inclined. 2 And the Lord
tfrdesed. him to lower his hands to obtain judgment
for his servant who had been killed, and told him that
he would get his choice of the Brehons in Erin ; and
he consented to this as God had ordered him.

And the choice he made was to go according to the

judgment of the royal poet of the island of Erin, viz.,

Dubhthach Mac ua Lugair, who was a vessel full of the

grace of the Holy Ghost. From this is derived the cus-

tom,that whenever a person comes over the sea to prose-

cute his cause, he shall have his choice of the Brehons

in Erin ; and when he shall have come across the

boundary of a province, he shall have his choice of the

Brehons in the province. And this thing was grievous

to Dubhthach, and he said" fcr4s-se*eFe-ki thee,

" cleric, jfl Jfty this to me," said he ; " it is irksome

" to me to be in this cause between God and man ;

" for if I say that this deed is not to be atoned for

"by 'eric'-fine, it shall be evil for thy honor, and

8 -Senchuf flDojv

INTRODUC- po toe. TTla'Dea'D apbefi "oono, a eijuc octif a m'oecha'O

TIOS.

/7 ^- bef, ni biT) mate la T)ia fon; tiaip, afeT>/ cucaifi lee 1
n-dfienn bfiec foifcela, ocuf ifet) pil innapt>e

caca tulc o each coimnefam T>1 afiaili. 1fet) fio
"Do cin*D HIT) 6i|mTD bfiec fiechca, .1. iiTDechaT)
cof 1 coif, octif fuil a fuil, octif amm 1 n-anm.

TTlaic qia, ol Pacfiaic, m 7)0 befux *0ia pofi tiefila-
c. 757. bpA T^ctiT). [Won uof efcif qui loquimmi,] feT>
[uefcfii] qtn loquictifi m uobif,

bennachaif paqaaic w^tiTti a pnfum, octif T)o
c in fpifiaca naim pop, a efilabjia, con T)ebaip,c, .1
1 ngemclrcc, ocuf mbp,ec.

Cecajvoa TJO fiitne ipti IUID fee, .1. ifiiafi o each
ocuf cojat) T>O each aDgaijichefi, .1. uaip, ifpep,c t)o fiaT>a, ocuf
/s p,iaia o ipejiaib

olc mat

coimec cp,eiTmi,

cumuchca T>o cofc gacha clame.

la hamm nechqianT)
6luT> bachif, pecaT) cm Tdjail;
*OociallacTiap, pfimTii, po|ij;eic ajiennacc.
ni T>li5 T)emun tulguT),
mi[itii'Dniidie.
"Duine,

1 1nin C1T1 CUT> The first two syllables of this word are not in the manuscript,
but are supplied from the fourth line above. After the word there is in the manu-
script (.1. tiejvca-D airo) a gloss upon it.

vrv

SENCHUS MOK.

" thou wilt not deem it good. And if I say that ' eric'-
" fine is to be paid, and that it is to be avenged, it
" will not be good in the sight of God ; for what thou
" hast brought with thee into Erin is the judgment of
" the Gospel, and what it contains is perfect forgive-
" ness of every evil by each neighbour to the other.
What was in Erin before thee was the judgment of
" the law, i.e., retaliation : a foot for a foot, and an eye
" for an eye, 2 and life for life."

"Well, then," said Patrick, "what God will give
"for utterance, say it. 'It is not ye that speak, but
" the spirit of your Father, which speaketh in you,'
" &c." 3

Patrick then blessed his mouth, and the grace of
the Holy Ghost alighted on his utterance, and he
pronounced the poem beginning " It is the strength-
ening of Paganism, &c.," and the judgment.

Four things are enumerated in this poem, i.e., obedience from all
who are sued, and their choice to all who are sued, for he, Patrick,
was given his choice, Brehon, and his demand from the men of Erin.

It is the strengthening of Paganism

If /an evil deed teasfifignd ; Stw+W

For it is to preserve religion, they relate,

Power was left to check each vice.

By a foreign soul 4 was corrected

The neglect of baptism, sin without atonement ; " " "*

Truth is balanced, by which they go into purity.

For the demon is not entitled to forgiveness

In the day of judgment. favMjf+<)4"rn>

Not so the sinful man,

a An eye Exod. xxi., 24. See O'D. 6; C. 757; and Egerton, p. 18, b, b.

3 In you, Matthew x., 20.

* Foreign soul, i.e. by Patrick who was not a native of Ireland.

10 Senclitif TDofi.

T)ian Tim Tulachafi if "Dilep abdiain ;

CCbdiain ajoanai 1 caifimdirechc

t^aji arrma najvofiach.

jCCfifio bui mo'D caich in

s" CCijiiltniT) lap, cfiochaD

CembaT* m olc ncult n

CiT> fo -oe^a co rabtnyi logu-o Don oinne, o T>O tugne pecan, ace
co TToejina atrjiigi, ocu^ nach cabuiyi loguT) non anigel o uafjjtie
unafibaf, cm no cifia-o ^ie aicynje? 1f e m pac ^po TDefia, co^ip
10 aibfufc TiaenTia aca nn an Tiutne, ocuf oca 1C "Dia f oycro if ai|it)e
na m fofcro a fiaibi ; coyip femiT)e glan imo^fio oca mion ainj;el,
ocup nocho nwt 1C "Ota ^o|xit) if ai^Tii na m ^rofaT) i |voibi ; octif
if uime na cayin 10511-0 T>O o tio jvijne miaiibuf , cm no

if CCiliu T)ia, pijigeT) mo fee, |
Sinn aichfubj mdijub nae
NaT> claen coicejic coinTDm
Co na poficiiaiT) po|ibaifi

pip,
Mucroac

foperafi, pf 'oeo'oa
("Omrnchuibfe cacait)),

mac ma anaiT)
T) afi chet.J

T)a fiechc 'oeirmifiechc

Tim

tlaT) goiftpec j;e

'. 30 TTVrDajji Tnefemnachc flan ;
Seclnm mp, mo baichif

I Hear me CCitm is glossed ctumci, hear ye, in the marpin. The word gene-
rally means, to beseech, and this meaning would perhaps be better, notwithstanding
the authority of the gloss.

SEXCHUS MOR.

If he has atoned he is entitled, to absolution ;

Absolution for his crimes, for his transgressing

The will of the supreme King.

For repentance has been the custom of all ;

And they deserve pardon since Christ's crucifixion,

As long as they do not relapse into evil again.

What is the reason that /orgiveness is granted to man, after he has
committed sin, provided he has repented, and that the angel ieceiiS
after his rebellion, even though he should repent ?

The reason is, because man has a frail human body, and God has a
higher dwelling than that in which he was placed; but the angel has
a subtile pure body, and God has not a higher habitation than that
in which he had been ; and this is the reason that He-weld not grant
him forgiveness after his rebellion, even though he should repent.

God ! ^direct my path,

The oldest fathers, the fathers of potent knowledge,
Perverted not tEe judgmentsl^the Lord \
That 1 may not heap aggravation
Upon the bloody crimes of men.
The truth of the Lord^ *f *
The testimony of the New Law.

Divine knowledge, it-is known, decides

(To which veneration is due),

That each man for his crime

Shall depart unto death.

The two laws,indeed, contain examplesof vengeance. % v4-.

I\,!^HAfl/Nte prove^ by my cheeks

That I shall not stain their white honor, 2

I $U/H. pass a sound judgment ;

I follow Patrick since my baptism.

2 Honor. I shall not pronounce such a sentence as will bring on my cheeks the
blotches which point out the false judgment.

12 Senchur TTloji.

Pmticaji leifi tam ariT>fioilte,
CCfi if each beo beifiep bfieeh
bep ahae a coga.
Oui if 111 cecna noup pep,
*Oia "Deilai mna nua

T>ctTT1 c T locct1 T iec r i1rio1c; ;

iiCCT>ain nanachc,
CCp, ba

;o ConiT) airfiejifiacli aDfioitte,

Oacro each oen oijigep T>ine;

"Oeilb^ig fio"Da ftuagaib feji

Oc eljnaf T)eafi5,

"Oia rnbi nnap,b neach ("Dej;

Wac namj fuait fnaice,

Ma faifielfjitnche :

beo b|iont)tif bap,

CC mfcep, mignnna, afi baTiafi

^iTibu each leicep biT>buT)ti ;
bea^iti baf biT)buT)ti.
breach fieachca TtomfttnTimeiii meicp,
, 1 olc noD 11011 minim;'

Concejicaim bjieicheTnnacc baip,
i"bauT) ina chmaiT* each.
bfiech aji neirn Klua'Da,
Ocuf m afi baf beajiaja.

*

1f amlaiti fio comaitteea in -oa fieachc; fio hofica in bit>bu ma
jx ehinait), ocuf T>O fiuigle'D [nem] ma tianmain ; if feat) iniTjeifiT)
30 la fifiu Ofieanti each ina chmaiT), a\i na p,o foijvbfie in pecca-o
aicTie]ifiach ifin inDfi feo.

1 First Law. This is obscurely stated. It means that before Patrick's time the
Irish had the law of nature and the law of Moses, which Cai Cainbhrethach is said
to have taught the ancestors of the Scoti in Egypt. Seepage 21.

SENCHUS MOR. 13

es,

^Every hand i$ punished as it deserves
Forjevery living person who gives judgment
t -*4, Mttst have~%eeB-cbosea-4e-4t. , o^v '& cV-f-
There was in the First Law 1 of the men of Erin
That which God has not YOHohpiifed in his New Law.
The Trinity did not vouchsafe mercy,
Through heavenly strength to save Adam,
For it was perpetual -existence
God goji&Aiai of his mercy, -f*
Until otherwise he merited
By deserving death.
Let every one die who kills a human being ;

/

Even the king who seeks a wreath with his hosts,
"Who inflicts red wounds intentionally,
Of which any person dies ;

pp.rsrni,

Or noblest of the learned ;

Yea, every living person who inflicts death,

AVhose misdeeds are judged, shall suffer death.

He who lets a criminal escape is himself a culprit ; , ,

He shall suffer the death of a criminal. <v 'c^m^u^ ***& ^

In the judgment of the law which I^jis ivpntrt, have

received,^) ** A> ^, awj^
It is evil to kill by a foul deed ;
I pronounce the judgment of death,
'Of death for his crime tcwwoy^jae^fii

Nuada is adjudged to Heaven,

And it is not to death he is adjudged.

It was thus the two laws were fulfilled ; the culprit was put to
death for his crime, and his soul was jSnrdniMd and sent to heaven, atbufyd' ; '
What was agreed upon by the men of Erin was, that every one should
be given up for his crime, that sin might not otherwise increase in the
island.

14 enchup 171 op.

1 1f fe-o cuicchefi qaiafin Tnbn.eicfea anuaf, fio faillfig "Dm -DO
"Oubcbac, .1. ciaccain inn. TiilguT) ocuf im>ecbaT>: uai}\ uroechcro
y\o bi |xia pacfiaic 1 n-eifum>, ociif trtlsu-o cue paryiaic laif, .1.
llticroa -DO inafibcro ina cmait), octi^ nein o parjiaic t>o. dec oca
.rollout ifin mbfieic fen, ocuf oca infection. 1f e ciaeram ici|v
fft'A \itt~} WtSti*/ocnf irroechoti vo nirhefiinnm, uaiT\ nacb fWtcomnf trnne
ac neocb mnm, amuil 11,0 boi in la pn, cen r>wne DO ttiayxbaT) ma
cmcaib conip,aici, an cem pojaba eir\ic; ocuf each uaiyi na ^uigbe
e]-nc, a rnayibciT) ina cmcaib coni|\ain, ocuf a chuyx ayx nnn^ ma
*-f'^3 wcmcaib anpoic ocuf uvoeirhbiiie coyibu ; ocuf ^05110111 uati ma
cop, ocuf ma eiint>i\ati.

tnb|ieic pn q^a jio poficongfiaT) o'paq\aic
11^ pop, pepaib 6ipenn ap, co rifcaif co haen 111015111 ppi

haencaiT) imac[a]lma T)O. lap. ciaccam miuppo T>oib
/ft)on T>ait p,o pp.icca'D fofcela Cp,ifc "ooib uili ; ocuf oc
cuaf t)pepaib e-ip,enn mapbcro na mbeo ocuf beou^aT)
na mapb, ocuf tuli comacca parpaic, iap ciaccam T)o
1 n-6ip,nin ; ocuf oc conDcacap, Laegaipe cona 'Dpvu'Dib
7)o fapujat qua pipca ocuf mipbaite Tteiima|xa 1 paT)-
J0 naip pe|i n-dpenT), poftecqpac pop, ogpeip "Oe ocup
Pacpaic.

ip ann apbepc Caegoctfve : "Riccai a tep, a pipu
c. 758. 6ipenn, punDiujaT) ocup oji'Duga'D cacli peclica tmT) [ciT)
cenmoca in m feo"J. "1p pepp, a T)enam" ol paqiaicc.
anD pin cappcomlaT) cac aep Tiana ta h&pmt) co
cappen each a ceipT) pa paq\aic, ap belaib caca ptaca
la

1p anT) p,o 1iep.bat) t>o "Oubcliac cappenaT) bpeicem-

1 Retaliation. In O'D. p, this is somewhat more clearly stated, thus : "DilgcrD
o'anrnam 'Mucroaic, .1. ab-jxec pop. mm, ocuy innecTiaT) poyv a copp, .1. a
maiibcro tna cmuii), forgiveness to the soul of Nuadha, i.e. to bring it to heaven ;
and retaliation upon his body, i.e. to kill it for his crime.

SENCHUS MOR. 15

What is understood from the above decision, which God revealed INTRODUCE
to Dubhthach, is that it was a middle course between forgiveness and TION
retaliation : for retaliation prevailed in Erin before Patrick, and
Patrick brought forgiveness with him, i.e., Nuada was put to death
for his crime, and Patrick obtained heaven for him. But there is
forgiveness in that sentence, and there is also retaliation. 1 At this
day we keep between forgiveness and retaliation, for as at present
no one has the power of bestowing heaven, as Patrick had that day,
so no one is put to death for his intentional crimes, as long as ' eric'-
fine is obtained ; and whenever 'eric'-fine is not obtained, he is put
to death for his intentional crimes, and placed on the sea for his un-
intentional crimes and for those ofsuppoood utility ; a and service is * Ir. Unne-
required of him for his unfulfilled contract and covenant. ^T """"^

After this sentence Patrick requested of the men of
Erin to come to one place to hold a conference with
him. When they came to the conference the Gospel
of Christ was preached to them all ; and when the men
of Erin heard of the killing of the living and the re-
suscitation of the dead, and all the power of Patrick
since his arrival 2 in Erin; and when they saw Laeghaire
with his druids overcome by the great signs and mira-
cles wrought in the presence of the men of Erin,
they bowed down, in obedience to the will of God
and Patrick.

Then Laeghaire said " It is necessary for you,
" men of Erin, that every other law should be settled
" and arranged by us, as well as this." " It is better
" to do so," said Patrick. It was then that all the pro-
fessors of the sciences in Erin were assembled, and each
of them exhibited his art. before Patrick, in the pre-
sence of every chief in Erin.

It was then Dubhthach was ordered to exhibit the

8 Since his arrival Instead of iafx ciaccam tio, it is icqa cmccain im tioib in
the original, but corruptly so.

16 -Senchup 171 6p.

nupa ocup uile pliT)ecca 6ipenn, ocup nach p,echca p,o
patnapac ta ppu Cipenn, 1 p-ecc aicmT) ocup [a pecc
paiTu] ocup i mbpecaibjmnp eipenT) ocup 1 ptetaib.

"Coaipnsepcacup, To nicpaT) bepta ban biap, .1. iiechc
s licpe ; ap m -Spipuc naem po labpapcap ocup T)o aip,-
cecham cpia 5inu na pep ppeon cec pabacup 1 n-myiip
c. 758. 6p,enn, amait T>o n-atpcecam cpia 5inu na [ppim paitu]
ocup na n-uapat atcpe, 1 pecc pecaptaice ; a po pace
rcnif C iff p,ecc aicniT) map naT) pochac pechc

i1na bpeca pp. aicniT) cpa 'Din px> tabaipupcap m
8pipic naem cpia smu bpeicemon ocup ptiti ppeoin
pep n-dipenn, o consabat) m mp po co cp,eicium anatt,
T)op aippen "Oubehac uite "Do paqiaic. tli T)m nat>
cau-ocai-D p^ bpeicip, n"0e 1 peccttcpi ocupnupatnaipe,
(/. 3T-J30.3I-J-- ( r cup ppi cuibpena cpepon, conaip-5eT> m opTi bpeicem-
nacca ta pacpaic ocup ectaip ocup ptaice 6p,enn ; -oo-
c. 759. neoch piobba "Dip, pecc aicmn [uite] msi cpecium, ocup

a coip, ocup comuaim n-Cctaip pw cuaic. ConiT)e -Sen-
l3

cnup map mpen.

)'Art M^onbup cpa T>O epstap T>o opTtugaT) m tiubaipp, .1.
Paqiaic, ocup beneom, ocup Caipnech, qii eppcuib ;
laesaipe, ocup Cope, ocup T)aipe, .1. qii p.155 Hopa, .1.
mac T^picim, ocup TDubeac, .1. put bepta, ocup

.1. pteT).

2^ Hopp, T)m, amm m Liubaippe p,o op.'oaispec, .1. pp
nonbup, ocup oca a Tiepnepecc p,mn anuap.

1 The letter. In C. 758 the reading is, T>o aiTVcecno-oup, -DO icpar> in befita
tnban tnbiai'o .1. canom, " they foretold that the white language of beatitude
would come, i.e. the canon," viz. the New Testament.

2 Chief prophets. For pyinn vai-6i there is vep, PT 16011 i Harl., 432.

d.

SKXCIIUS MOR. 17

judgments and all the poetry of Erin, and every law
which prevailed among the men of Erin, through the
law of nature, and the law of the seers, and in the
judgments of the island of Erin, and in the poets.

They had foretold that the bright word of blessing
would come, i.e. the law of the letter; 1 for it was the
X Holy Spirit that spoke and prophesied through the
mouths of the just men who were formerly in the
island of Erin, as he had prophesied through the
mouths of the chief prophets 2 and noble fathers in the
patriarchal law ; for the law of nature had prevailed
where the written law did not reach.

Xow the judgments of true nature which the Holy
Ghost had spoken through the mouths of the Brelions
and just poets of the men of Erin, from the first oc-
cupation of this island, down to the reception of the
faith, were all exhibited by Dubhthach to Patrick.
What did not clash with the AVord of God in the
written law and in the New Testament, and with the
consciences of the believers, was eenimmsd in the laws
of the Brehons" by Patrick and by the ecclesiastics and . ir. Order
the chieftains of Erin ; for the law of nature had been ^ eho "~
quite right, except the faith, and its obligations and
the harmony of the church and the people. And this
is the Senchus Mor.

Nine persons were appointed to arrange this book,
viz., Patrick, and Benen, and Cairn ech, three bishops ;
Laeghaire, and Core, and Daire, three kings; Rosa,
i.e. Mac-Trechim, and Dubhthach, i.e. a doctor of the
Berla Feini, 3 and Fergus, i.e. a poet.

Noiis, therefore, is the name of this book which they
arranged, i.e. the knowledge of nine persons, and we
fr have the psoef of this above.

3 Feini. The word Feini is supplied from Cormac's Glossary, where this passage is
quoted. Berla Feini was the dialect in which the ancient Irish laws were written.

18 Sen cli up TT)6]i.

1p 1 po cfict in Ccon pcrcyicnc, ippef) ncfO cumaic nac
_ 1" b]ieicem oaenna no '^ae'oelaib TXj] ccucbitictj nacli 111
pogebct 1 -Senctiup mop,.

1p e tin unoppo niDiprep, pacfiaic T><> cuiT>ece 1 n-Gpint>, .1.
.f'oecnebap, ap pecc picluc, (no oeenemap, afi pichic).

Co camic paepaic rpa in eabapca uplabp,a ace t>o rpuip i
n-Cpmn, pep, comgne pp,i apntxJip ocup fcetujcro; pepjcqira f|ii
/ILL/ M^^"/?/ "lotati ocuf aifi ; bfieitem ip|ii biieiccninuf a fiofccroaib ocuf
pafatjib. O caimc imo|iixo paryxaic, iy v"iii a^a cac uj\labi\o
/0 t>o na pitb fo T>O -piyt m Beiita bain, .1. ma canome.

On tiaqi wiia ^lonuc OCntiifism 5^ un 5 e '' cec bp.ec 1 n-Ope,
pobu ta ptetiu anaenup, byieinemnuf, cuf m itnacallanji 111 "On
"Cuap 1 n-6main tTlache, .1. peyiceiyxcne pie, octip itletie mac
l CCT)na, nnc Utchifi, imun nujam fuaD bin ac CCona, mac
/ f Oa T>ofica T>m in labpcro fio labaqifec na plefia if 111
pn, ocuf nip bu jxeitt tionaib plctcib m b^etemntif \io nucpac.

na pipu po anaenii|X a mb]xeceninufu octiy a n-eotiif,"
na ftace. "11i cuicamne cecumuf a]\aiT)iT;." "1p ine-
nann," ol Concobayi, "biaiti cmc T>O each an-ofom o nmu, ucc 111
20 in bf T)ucliai5 noibf om tie, m f jxicpa ; jebait) each a Dfiecca T>e."
"Oo atlan nm bjvetemnaif a\\ pte-oaib utji fin, ace a nT>ucai

T)e ' ocu ^ 1XO 5 ab ca6 w F e f wn ^|^ 1 T lenl1 a 'DT le cc 'oon bfieicemnuf,
aniail -|io jabfac [ujtiaifi, na m-bjiet fo fiof] : bpeca Oacac mic
Lucca, ocuf bfieca acena nnc Senchac, octif jubpeca Cafiacnia

e, ocuf bjiecu ITloyiainti [imc TDam], ocuf bjieca

"Ouficachc, ocup bfieca "Ooec llemcmne, ocuf byietu

CCmbue, ocuf bfieca "Oencliecc o lejib, ce fio bacufi fitie 1 cup.

1p m annpifi pm cpa no aencaigpec tnace pep n-6ip,enn
romup nae [anal] ocup innpci -DO cacb uip na micro, amail po
^ubpac ip na Opecmb nemeD, ypl.

1 Cain Patraic, i.e. Patrick's law. Jocelyn mentions a larjje work of this kind as
extant in his time, but he apparently misnames it Canoin Phadruig. "Jls^num
ctiiim volumen quod dicitur Canoin Phadruig, id est Canones Patricii seripsit ; cuili-
bct persona;, ad justitiam exercendam, et salutem aniniie obtinendam satis i-uni,'ruc
convenit." Trias Thaum., p. 214, col. 1.

2 Brealhinys. The time allowed for advocates w:t< divided by brcathin;;-s. about
ei^htt-en buin^ considered equivalent to a minute.

8 Dignity. The time allowed each person to plead his cause was long or short
according to his dignity. See C. 227, 2204, (I'D. 2210 20.

SENCIIUS MOR. 19

This is the Cain Patraic, 1 and no human Brehon
of the Gaedhil is able to abrogate any thing that is
found in the Senchus Mor.

The number of companions with whom Patrick is said to have come
into Erin was seven score and ten persons, or one score and ten
persons.

Until Patrick came only three classes of persons were permitted to
speak in public in Erin, viz., a Chronicler, to relate events and tell
stories ; a Poet, to eulogize and satirize ; a Brelion, to pass sentence
from the precedents and commentaries. Since Patrick's arrival, how-
ever, each utterance of these professions is subject to the man of
the white language, i.e. of the Gospel."

From the time that Amergin Glungel passed the first sentence in
Erin, the judicature belonged to the poets alone, until the lime of the
contention which took place at Emhain Macha, between the two
sages, viz., Ferceirtue, the poet, and Neidhe, son of Adhna, son
of Uither, for the sage's gown which Adhna, son of Uither, had pos-
sessed. Obscure, indeed, was the language which the poets spoke
iu that disputation, and it was not plain to the chieftains what judg-
ment they had passed.

"These men," said the chieftains, " have their judgments and their
" knowledge to themselves. We do not, in the first place, understand
" what they say." " It is evidently the case," said Conchobhar; "all
"shall partake in it from this day forth, but the part-of it whroh is loWy. *~^
" fii4br_iliese-i^9hntt not be~takefr-fwHn_ilieni ; each shall have his * '***

~7V
" share of it.

The poets were then deprived of the judicature, except their proper
share of it, and each of the men of Erin took his own part of the
judicature, as did the authors of the following judgments : The
judgments of Eochaidh MacLuchta, and the judgments of Fachtna
Mac-Scnchath, and t^eJ^e_ju^gjn^n^ofCaj5t-KiaJ!eiscihi, and Gtv f> tut
the judgments of Morann son of Main, and the judgments of Eoghan
MacDurthacht, and the judgments of Doet of Neimhthinn, and the
judgments of Brigh Ambue, and the judgments of Diancecht, the
physician, which, indeed, were first of all.

It was at this time the chiefs of the men of Erin agreed on
the measure of pleading-times, breathings, 2 and speech to be allowed
to each, according to his dignity, 3 as found in the Bretha Ne-

mhedh, <fec.

c2

20 Senchur

ISTRODUC- [Cecna 5Dup, ceca p,o buiD 1 n-6ifiiTiti CCivneip,j;in

in file, Dalca Cm Cambp,echai5 eiftDe, in Dala Depcipul Ixx.ac
O'D. 6, 7, fcoile Peinnifa p<rp,far6. 1f e 111 Cae ifin fopifoglainn p.echc
and 8. tTluifi p.e caiDecc anaip,, ocuf IT: bp.eca p.eclira no beip,et>. Ocuf
f if amlait> mtMUfcup, fin :

1n can imop,p,o fio puiDi pemnif a t>a t>eifcipul feccmogec

DO foglmm na nitbefit/a fon t>oman, Cae Dna if e p,o fiacc co

Gijipc, ge^ bo t>o 6bp,ait)ib a bunut)Uf, ocuf yio foglunn an

bej\ta nG^ebcacca ; octif af e ar cuaif) TJO po^iann -DO 1115

G^epcaca. Ocuf [a|\] fcaotlei) na fcoite fon T)onian mle, if la

Cai t>o cuanufi na cecra 6 poiiann T>O chumaf) peniufa cuice.

Ocuf ba fi c^ia focbiiaic TJUCC t>oib Scoc, msen po]\uimD, TIO

cabuific T5O 11el mac pennif a. Inntie Tnciruii Scui

1ajx cecc T>on fcoil cuna naici leo co pojiunt), 110

if an be|vla nC^epcaca la Cai.

1fipn amifiii 1 nT)enra na 1iaifa>e mojia i n&gepr, .1. an
ecplatj, ec ailia que m leje fc^ipru func, j\\l.

TIO connuqic r^ia pemnif ocuf na htnle fint) 11 a bjiera moyva

fe^uof "Oei, no teg-oi-p T)ia -poglumi leo, aji -oo
ba ryxia foyicjiaiT) neolufa ocuf ffcirgnama no

aiD -Don na T)-ixviiTie G^epcaca, ocu-p -DO

ina aijxi>e untia, -j\\l. 1n can cjia ]\o cuacup, 1f|iaelit>aiT>
ceicet), camicc Cae la TTluifi.

1na Scoci olcena fio eluiDfiuc ayi oman na
v?epeivca, gm cecc ifin fluaigeT) la poyiuiiT) ; ocuf ay\ oman
Po^umn, ocuf a aicbi^ lap, cmccum, DO luif) pemuf fop, mtup,.
Ro bui rfia Cat i caonnecc ITluifi ffiif m -p,e pn, ocuf yiobui ma
gnaif ac cuiDecc cap,pn T)icyxib, pip, fcap.ufcup, p,m, tap, fojluim-
fiechca 1lluifi ; ocuf m DO 'Gift I3aifip,n5ip.e [DOp,iacc] fon, ace
so ifin n^p-eg, co p,oibe i Gp-acia.

1n can imop-jio cancucup, lumgef maccTDile'D co fiabacup, 1
.1. ma baip,p.cup,, DO chuaDUp, lap, fin Da nocc Dec
DO mileDUib fop, lum^ep af a ci|\, ifeD DO DechuDUp, fo
clu ocuf aip,p,Dei\cuf na lumgfi uc, co pxibuDUp. a naoncaiD mac
TTIileD, ocuf DO gellacup, pDe p,m ciji Dia p,o gabuDaif fetpn cip,.
lap, caifciul map,a lap, fin, fio cuip,ecup, ^aoiDil na miliD pn DO
locu|\ a'Cjiacm 1 cip,Chp,uichnec ap, eicm, cunaD uaichib Cp-uicmg.

1 This interpolation is in O'D., 6, 7, and 8 only.

a Ntl. Niul, son of Fenius, in the Leabhar Gabhala. The author of the life of
Cadroc, published by Colgan, calls him JEne&e (ilium nomine Nelum seu Niulum.
Colgan, p. 495, cap. 5.

bK.N'CIU S MOK. 21

1 The first author that ever was in Erin was Anierg'm Glungeal, the INTRODUC-
poet, who was foster-son of Cai Cainbrethach, one of the seventy-
two disciples of the school of Fenius Farsaidh. This Cai had learned
the law of Moses before he came from the East, and it was the judg-
ment of the Law of Moses he used to pass. And thus his story is told :

When Fenius sent his seventy-two disciples to learn the various
languages throughout the world, Cai was he who went to Egypt,
although he derived his lineage from the Hebrews, and he learned
the language of the Egyptians; and it was he who went to Pharaoh,
King of Egypt. And on the dispersing of the school throughout the
world, it was with Cai the messengers went from Pharaoh, to request
of Fenius to come to him. And the reward which they got was
that Scota, the daughter of Pharaoh, was given in marriage to Nel, 2
son of Fenius. Hence the Scuit are called Scoti.

After the coming of the school and their tutor to Pharaoh, they
learned the Egyptian language with Cai.

This was the time at which the great signs were wrought in
Egypt, i.e. the destructive plague and the other things which are
written in the law, etc.

Now, when Fenius and all the learned saw the great judg-
ments executed by the servants of God, they went to learn with
them, for they thought that it was through superior knowledge and
study the Israelites overcame the Egyptian Druids, and wrought
the many signs, <fcc. AYhcn, however, the Israelites -went on their
flight, Cai came with Moses.

The Scoti in general fled from fear of the signs aforesaid, and did
not go in the host with Pharaoh ; and from fear of Pharaoh, and
.of his reproach after his return, Fenius put to sea. Cai was in the
meantime along with Moses, and was in liis company while going
across the desert, but parted from him when he had learned the law
of Moses; and it was not to the Land of Promise he set out, but into
Greece, and he abode in Thracia.

Now, when the fleet of the sons of Miledh had come into Germany,
i.e. into the eastern part of it, after that thirty-six champions
went in ships from their country, such was the fame and renown
of that fleet, and united with the sons of Miledh, who promised
them lands if they should themselves acquire a country. Having
afterwards traversed the aea, the Gaedhil landed those champions
who had set out from Thracia, by force in the country of the Cruith-
nigh, so that the Cruithnigh (Ficls), are descended from them.

22 Senchur mop,

INTRODUC- "Do two t>in Cae laifin Itnngef TX> luiti a "Cfiaaa 1 naificif a
minnT>cifii feifin, ocuf ]\o raifben Tioib a gfief o |\o fcafvfar,
.1. Rechc "Oe T>O oamib ocuf a bfiecha. Icifi fin r\\.a ba COT ba
bjveicem laipn tuitigiHf tnle. Itroe Tucicup, Ofieccac no byiat
* fCm. " bp,af: mi) irm_ each bfieti," afi afi mbp,erh uf t>ia each

camgne, amuil afbefiup, bfiat T>O poificmiro m beta, ocuf -oon
bfiat Tieisiiiuig bei^iuf T)ia fofi a otnlr-.

18 e iric-U5DU|x ranatfe a^ aifieja ]\o bui i n Otfie 1 njaif Sen
mace Cdge, in m[j;]T)tip, raifech T>O |uincep, ifin fencuj\ 1 naim-

10 fill pe^gufa mice Lea fio bui.

0^115 CCmbui T>ano banu^T)!]^ fefi n Gfieiro i ngaif ocu^ cfie-
buiji.e. 1iroe DICICUI\ Oinat-|\a Oyiiji, -/fit.

1na 111015 pn Connta Cainbjiechac, f in Connachc; T>O fioif cfitie
DO pe^uib Gjienn i ngaif , of e co |\ac m Spifiuca naomi ; if e TIO-

is- gne conptiucc \^\\f na "D^unJe, afbe]X l Dt)iy x p'&e batwfi ^c no Tiena
rem octif calani acuf 11111111, j\\i. ocuf Siiein ocuf efcca 7fil.
baT> eifitie af beftrfum ffiiu : ""Oetiait) um," ot fe, " cojib
caitne Sfiian ocuf efcca i cuait> TDO fe|iuib becha, octif cfiec-
piint) mi no i\aiT>e af fip, mte." 1nnat> aice nacae bui coniuc

joTioibfiann, afbefirfiom, " peiijijouint)," ol fe, "caob TIO cabuific
pp.1 fefc noQpofac hec omma, .1. "Ota nmie ocuf caiman, 7fil.
8am, fam kroifu ocuf itmuine imc ~0& nacha cuifiiT>fi if.a|i lee
f.eifin ; ocuf nach maDit) 1 f.afi cumaccuib, ol na pi cumachrach
lib gin TDO cumfcutiuT) 511) UJXT) aen laichi no aon oit>chi -oen cmi-

iA"cip,ecc oca aon ina tiuile fin t>o fteift "Oe -De|iofcaba."

Sencha inacCuil Clam ma oiagp'oe; ocuf if fochaif>e

con 7)eirnni5t;hufi a nennrfenchaif) f iTie. 1 nji [Connachr]

|iobuifim imoyifio, ocuf buDap, aniyia Dana, 7jxl.

Pachma, a mace, ma T>iai5fiT>e ; ocuf ifeti uno^fto af moam
3 < ,'Deimni5ttifi ill ba TIO Sencha mac CCililla bit) maccfitie, 7)\l.

Seancha mac (Jdlella lafitmi, 7|\l. TDoiiunn mac TTlaom, tlefiif)
mac pmncmll a pt>ib, \-et> uei\iuf mac tnojiuitin, peyiaTiuc pm-o-
fechtnach, |n ocuf ti[5]DU^ jaffi fe^ nGjiunT). picul, a nami-
pp, Lao5iiif..e mic 11ell |\,obuifii)e.

3S"lce imoixyio aifv-oug-oup, m rSencufa: pefiguf pile, ocuf "Oub-
\\ rhuc TTlac ua Lugtiift, aTTfieccuTHi^ fuamemam pliTiecca fou la

1 Brethchath or Brathcai, i.e. the judgment of Cai. See also Cormac's Glossary.

2 Brintlira lirighi, i.e. words of Brighi.

SENCIH'S MOH.

23

Now C-.ii went in the fleet which had sailed from Thrace to meet his IXTK.M.. -, -
own people, and he showed them his work since they had parted, i.e. ^
the law of God to men, and his j udgments. After this Cai was Drehon
to the whole fleet. From him is named, Brethchath or BnthoaL 1
' Brath' is the meaning of every ' broth ;' for it is the judgment which
will follow every covenant, as the end of the world is called 'brath,'
as is also the last judgment which God will pass on his creatures.

The second most illustrious author in wisdom who was in Erin
was Sen Mac Aige, the first author mentioned in the Seuchus. He
lived in the time of Fergus Mac Leti.

Brigh Ambui was a female author of wisdom and prudence among
the men of Erin. From her is named Briathra Brighi,- ic.

After her came Connla Caiubhrethach, chief doctor of Connaught;
he excelled the men of Erin in wisdom, for he was filled with the
g-ace of the Holy Ghost; he used to contend with the Druids, who
said that it was they that made heaven and earth, and the sea, &c.,
and the sun and moon, &c. It was this ho said to them '." Do you
then," said he, " cause the moon and the sun to shine in the North
"for' the men of the world, and we will believe that ye speak the
" truth." When it was seen that they had no power to do this, he
said" It is better for us," said he, " to place our faith in Him who
" established all these things, i.e., the God of heaven and earth, ic. .
" Different ! Different is the strength and the manifold powers of the
" Son of God, which claim not ye for yourselves ; and do not boast
" of your powers, whereas ye have not power to change the order of
"even one day or one night, of the administratioiyvhich is uniform
" the elements according to God 1 ^ decree. '

After him came Sencha MacCuil Clain ; and many of the men of
Erin attest his eminence. It was in Coimaught he lived, and bis- tt. W
poems were celebrated, ic.

Fachtna, his son, as some say, after him ; the weight of evidence,
however, would rather go to show that he was the sou of Sencha
Mac Ailella, <tc.

Sencha Mac Ailella came next, &c. Morann Mac Main, Nendh
Mac Finnchuill from the fairy hills, as some say, but more correctly
son of Morann, and Feradhach Finnfechtnach, king and c/ii<f author
of wisdom of the men of Erin came next. Fithel flourished in the
time of Laeghaire, son of Niall.

The following now were the chief authors of the Senclius : Fer-
gus the poet, and Dubhthach Mac ua Lugnir, who pwt a thread of

24

INTRODUC- pupate ; 5 mmorha anjuplam po bai ap a cmn -DO bperha nettle
Uiwv - ' ""5^ oopputTOtup ; .1. Sen mac CCige ocup T)o,Din mac 1.1m :
ocup TTIoenach mace 11me, ocup pachna palbperhuc, ocuf
Cpewne Cep-o, ocup luchrume paop, ocup "Giancecc, ec aln qm
.Tin libpo tncmepefranrup.

Nip buf> eicm T>in ooibpmni ace raippemro a comine Tioneoch
p,o cachnui-ap a ceite ixeimib, ocuf a cejiru^df) pat) pcnr|iaic
p^ia iiecc liqae 7)0 ucc parpaic laif, yfil. Ocuf o]iT)vi5af) ocuf
pjilleD uaiT>ibpvn.

it> Cen iiiapu qia cif at pacfiaic p.o bacu^ aT)amp,a -01 poiUpDib.
1nrcm not) neyimaictrif ma byieirennim a p^ atcnet), 7)o cuij\ef>
[bolja voia a nsjiuawnb] ; -DO cui|ieT> botga ceramuf -po^i T)e^v-
anJe Sen true CCigi, in can no beifieti claonb|ieic, ocuf T>of lec-oaif

/^Connta m )uicp-oe 501 iri]i la ^arh m 8pi^ara naom'i fio but

F airi ' ic^ta-

Senclia mac Col Cltiin nrconjbejxe-Dh bfiedi cont)ai\oniucaT>aT)
m ankhe y.mm ma b^u. paclihia, a mac, ace m ran fiucet> ptie
bfieich njua, man 1 namip^ mept -DO cinre mef m ciyie 1 mbi-6 i
ao naon aiDche, yp.l. ; ma-o a naimpji lacra noe feiroai^ na ba a
laeju ; mat) pyx unoyiyio a nobe^e-6 ba hogflan m me]- p^if m
p* ; ocuy- ifDe ifamm pacrna Tulbixerliach.

8encba mac CCiltlla m corjbejiet) bjiec ngua gin reofia [/]ail< lie

nfrinja cacha byietche. Pv- naicne yxo bui a prhel, cona jiuca

ifjaof. TTlofiunT) nfjorjp.uc biiech cm pn mia byiaginr: m ran

om no bejiet) 5001 no treantiat) m p'n ima bjxajuir. TTla-D pip, a

ff mbetpe no lebjiumg ime pp

Pilet>a -Dana fio baca^ ipn urop p. .1. p;ayiuf
(imoixiao if a panach a qxich Cmp.yiai5e Luach)iu),
3o pie, Me'ohe mac CCfma nuc \lm-\i, CCirhiiine CCiimuf,
Pile mac CCidnyine, ocuf pilei>a 6)ainT) t>ano olchena ni^coitbich
log enech la each pep, i>ib no beixet jubpec, ocuf ba epcomun a

ocup nij;onpp,maicif cemm laotu no mibaf pop, opna, ypl.

1p et rp,a pampiUT) ip.a5ab each Tub a tijcapap, ponn Senchtipa

?,rmoip, cecamup, la Sen mac CCighe, a imropmach la pepgiipocup

"Oubcach; 56 p^eDp-uigpec pf>e lam DO opechcaib alanailcjnug-

1 TulbrethackLp., hastily jud^iii),'. " Ftannch, now Fennet, in Kerry.

8 Certain incantations by which the poet's mind was supposed to be rendered
(irophetic. See Battle nf Mngh Rath, pp. 46, 47.

SEXCIIUS MOK. 25

/W*^v aeuvtJk' -who
poetry around it for Patrick; besides the judgments of previous IXTBODCC-
authors which had been pronounced by them, and which they ex-

authors which had een pronounce y tem, an wc ey ex- ; ^^ta ff^

plained to Patrick ; i.e., of Sen Mac Aighe, and Doidin Mac Uin, and ^ /^ fa J^ji 7-J

Moenach Mac Nine, and Fiachna Fialbhrethach, and Credine Cerd,
and Luchtuine Saor, and Dianchecbt, and the others who are men-
tioned in the book.

It was only necessary for them to exhibit from memory what
their predecessors had sung, and it was corrected in presence of
Patrick according to the wri ten Law which Patrick had brought
with him, ic. And they arranged and added to it.

However, before the coining of Patrick there had been remarkable
revelations. When the Brehons tkyintod from the truth of nature, cbd,
there appeared blotches upon their cheeks ; as first of all on the right
cheek of Sen Mac Aige, whenever he pronounced a false judgment,
but they disappeared again when he had passed a true judgment, &c.

Connla never passed a false judgment, through the grace of the
Holy Ghost, which was upon him.

Sencha Mac Col Cluin was not wont to pass judgment until he had
pondered upon it in his breast the night before. When Fachtna,
his son, had passed a false judgment, if in the time of fruit, all the
fruit of the territory in which it happened fell off in one night, <tc.;
if in time of milk, the cows refused their calves ; but if he passed a
true judgment the fruit was perfect on the trees ; hence he received
the name of Fachtna Tulbrethach. 1

Sencha Mac Aililla never pronounced a false judgment without , .j't

, , , , . , <'',-]

gjBttwg-thrcc permanent- bhildies uu lna face fof each judgment. A^**

Fithel had the truth of nature, so that he pronounced no false judg- j f ^ ,,_,

ment. Morann never pronounced a judgment without having a
chain around his neck. When he pronounced a false judgment the
chain tightened round his neck. If he passed a true one it ex-
panded down upon him.

Now, the poets who were in the island viz., Fergus Fianach (so
called from Fianach, 2 in the territory of Ciarraighe Luachra), Fer-
ceirtne the poet, Neidhe, son of Adhna, son of Uithir, Aithirne
Amhnus (the severe), Fergus the poet, son of Aithirne, and the poets
of Erin generally not a man of them had honor-price who passed
false judgment, and he was deprived of his profession, and was.
unablo to prrfnrm Teinm Laodhu, or Imbas for osna, 3 &c.

The particulars which each of them took from authority are, in
the first place, the foundation of the Senchus Mor by Sen Mac
Aishe, and the addition to it by Fergus and Dubhthach; but they used

26 Seiichup

IXTRODUO cap, ypl ; 1mapn naipechca no Connla, CCi Gmnacb

pichel a ugcapap; culbpeca parcna, Coip pcme map, ocupcoip
Peme bee, ocup TTIinba bpeca, ocnp Hechol mbpech, ocup Clece
bp.echa, ocup Caipt bpecha inopa.]

<J- nil) f Cm coman locc po aipnemen ap nup mp ?

11m. Opn appicj:puca na nnul; ap. ip calam ocup nem no ^
ponan ap cup, [ap ip coppapai loc] ; annpip, 1 pumni tpin luc
rciiicupi, ap nemcoppapna 111 aunpip : pep pa nnoppo ip an
cpey luc, uaip ip o copp ocuf 6 nemcopp p.o i
ID unoppo pa neom, uaip na ppic pemcepcup peomanin no na
no pep na pellpam ; no ipon ponepa loc ap nup, uaip ip ma
m((ipc no ponan an calam ocup in mmp; ocup ami pip ipin luc
canatpi, uaip ip ne Cecam cucan jpian ocup epca pop pic no-
miinna, ocup ip pjnapne piajailcep annpip,. pcppa nnoppo
/fipm cpep luc, uaip ip ne 1lame no pigne CCnam ocup Cua, oeup
ir -A, anmanna m caiman apchena. POC aipc unoppo pa neom, uaip

ip ma Sacaipti no bennuchan na ntnli, ocup cucan CCnam npu!-
lomnacc poppu.

T)o bepc iapum aipcmnechc mine no Lucipep co nai

\j\j uc|i.^ !u|<.uiii HIH.L.IMIICUIII/ mine oo uuui}:e]l co inn jpanaib

10 amgel mine. "Oo bepc aipchmnecc caiman no CCnam ocup Gua
co na damn.

^ ip 6 nono cec m po ceip "Oia ap 111 maipi, .1. m calam co na
^ vjrt*^ poc ocup a lecec, ocup po cum in ppmanninc imucuai]ic uime,
i, tti * ju, ocu r 1fl calam po mcpamatl ubaill pip rpumn pop lap na pp-

I ,^,15 f afmanmnci. Ho nelb nono iupcin nluma ocup uip in radium, ocup

pich nin oeoip uipcini, ocup co cpochan in uipci pin, co

ocup ppebaib cpe me^apnacc. Ho nelb nono na bocc ngaeca,
.1.. ceicpi ppnnsaeca ocup ceicpi pogaeca ; acbepap nono cetcpi
pogaeca eili ann, com na gaecba nee amlain pn ami.

Zo Ho nelb nona nuca na ngaec, comn pain nafe caca gaeice mb
Vpi apaile, .1. gel ocup copcpa, glap ocup uame, buine ocup
neps, nub ocup liac, m alan ocup in cntnii, in ciap. ocup in
onup. CCnaip m gaec copcpa, aneap m geul, a rtiaic an nub,
amap an onup ; m nepg ocup m bume icip ngaic ngil ocup

: 1'lai'e. Tliis is an allusion to the place, time, person, cause, &c., of the compo-
sition of this work as set down, p. 1, ei sey.

2 Corporeal. The words " for plaee is corporeal" are supplied from the Preface
to Feilire Aenguis.

SENCHUS MOK. 27

many of the works of other authors, &c. ; such as the Imarcl Arrechta i ST noi>r
by Connla, the Ai Eamhnach, which Fithel took from authority,
the Tulbretha of Fachtna, the Coir Fcine Mor, and the Coir Feiue
Bee, and the Midhbha Bretha, and the Rechol m-Breth, and the
Clothe Bretha, and the Cairi Bretha Mora.

What is the reason that it is the place 1 that is mentioned first ?

Answer. The order of the creation of the elements ; for it is the
earth and heaven that were made first, for place is corporeal ; 2 then
the time comes in the second place, for time is incorporeal ; but per-
son comes in the third place, because it consists of body and non-
body. The cause of its having been composed, however, is placed
last, because no precedent was found before us for these things
according to the philosophers ; or, the reason that place is put first
is, because it was on Tuesday the earth and the sea were made; and
time in the second place, because it was on Wednesday the sun and
moon were placed in their mundane course, and by these time is
ruled. But person is put in the third place because it was on Wed-
nesday Adam and Eve, and all the animals of the earth in general,
were made. And the cause of its being composed was placed last,
because it was on Saturday the elements were blessed, and Adam
was placed to have dominion over them.

He afterwards gave the presidency of heaven to Lucifer with the
nine orders of the angels of heaven. He gave the presidency of the
earth to Adam and Eve with their children.

Now the first thing which God separated from the mass was the
earth, with its length and breadth, and he formed the firmament
around it, and the earth in the form of a perfectly round ball, was
fixed in the middle of the firmament. He afterwards formed the
vapear-and the soil of the earth, and the currents of the watery air,
and ordained that it should gently fall in rain, and form the streams
and rivulets. He also formed the eight winds i.e., four chief
winds, and four subordinate winds ; and four other subordinate
winds are mentioned, so that there are twelve winds accordingly.

He also formed the colours of the winds, so that the colours of all
these winds are different from each other i.e., white and purple,
pale gray and green, yellow and red, black and gray, speckled and
the dark, the dark-brown, and the pale. From the east blows the
purple wind, from the south the white, from the north the black,
from the west the pale ; the red and the yellow are between the
white wind and the purple ; the green and the pale gray are between

28 'Senoliuf 1)16)1.

IJJTRODDC- coficjia bic; in uame ocuf m glaf icij\ m woi}\ ocf m

btc; in liac ocuf m cuqi irqi 111 uiniix ocuf in ajinub bic; m
cemm ocuf in alun idp, in nub ocuf m co]\q\a bic. Corn t>i
fojaic m cat- pfuni5aic mpn.

.5" Ko tielb 7)ono ocuf fio comaif m fii cecna ma pnl 6 calmam
co pyimannnc, coni-o pupn no trnce^ cij;cc in caiman.

Ho f uij; lafipn na f ecc fianna 6 ra pi\inaitninc co ralniam :
^arofin, Ooip, 1Tleixctii|i, Tnai^c, Sol, Luna, Uentji. J j ioj. ? h j)

O h&MJn (xk&W-f^ 1f e no T 10 toinaif o tu efca co Jiiein, .1. -oa cec .m.

/t>ocuf a ceca|\ cerh^iacac; com t>o if amn) nem necei\T)a cm

rfe^-^0 1 r e T)OT10 1 W COTIlai r ta ajtfll cuqiuma fin

ocuf sixen, ocuf DO Tait)nacc no fumaifxib; com-o hi pn m Olmip
cen cunifcujat) tiunT) ainm in

1f e Tiono fio romaif ma piiil o ca p|iinaiTiinc 50 calm am, .1.
mile Tiec a|\ cine ceraib nee mill, ocuf ma full 6 calm am co
pifimammc aca o pifimammc co ftigrec, cetcfci mile ficec aft t/acx.
J "Do milib, cenmota pftitiammr. 1n mec -non a f.ml o calmam co
-]iuicefuiT)e if feT) T>ono fuil o ralniam fif co piT>omam

1f e -oono m ftig fin, .1. fii nime ocuf caiman, yio rep in pft-
w>mammc af an maif moiri necfiucnaij; ocuf ftOft-onij cine criefa
inci, .1. cfiif cenriT>e (.1. icifi, m no. meffiaijchi) ocuf T>a
ocuf T>a meffiaigci, .1. uafina anef, ocuf uafina a cuanj.

1f ainlaiT) fin nono fio hofi-oaigcea ceccjiuc na
tiaiW amail bif a blaefc im uig| if amlait) aca m pfimammc mi
LS- calmam inaiiipt) ; ocuf miacuai|\c T>ono focefic a comuf , ocuf 111
caftfna comufcafc.

Ocuf fio o-|\T)ai5 m |ii lap, pn na fe paip.ci no bee mnci, ocuf
oa fe mif ma nificomaifo, ocuf ume mff no gne m gac paiyic,
comn hi cmn bltanna nof cmidllenn. Se f mifcfii caca paifici mb
3o pn cfief m pftinammc no caicneni foillp cf.eicib, comn fefca
ocuf^fe pmfCfti pC no pmfC|iiB ann, ocuf comla slamejf^ii cac (0$
pmfcift, co pi m pfimammc na r\ier\ b]iac gemnciine ocuf ma ^i

1 Ttrelre Milt.*. See I'ontenelle, "Plurality of Worlds," where an account of the
ancient belief on this subject is ^iven.

2 Miles. The text is evidently corrupt ; for uxr, we must read C|ii mile.
s Suty-iix. Recto, seventy-two. / 4, ^. f(j (

^. f(^Jj \

SENCIIUS MOR. 29

the pale and the pure white ; the gray and the dark-brown are LXTP.ODUC-
between the pale and the jet black ; the dark and the speckled are TIOX -
between the black and the purple. And thus there are two subor-
dinate winds between each chief wind.

The same King also formed and measured the space from the
earth to the firmament, and it is by this the thickness of the earth is
measured.

He fixed after this the seven divisions from the firmament to the
earth : Saturn, Jupiter, Mercury, Mars, Sol, Luua, Venus.

The distance which he measured from the moon to the sun is two
hundred and forty-four miles; the name of this is the nothor heaven <M*f.

without wind.

The measurement of the space which he left between the sun and

the firmament is three times the above, as -it bag becu_ma^m^<l by *vd> ^- fitirG' **"
calculators ; and this is the immovable Olympus which is called
the third heaven.

The measurement of the space between the firmament and the
earth is one thousand five hundred and twelve miles, 1 and the dis-
tance from the earth to the firmament is equal to that from the fir-
mament to the celestial palace, three thousand and twenty-four
miles, 2 besides the thickness of the firmament. And the distance
from the earth to the latter is equal to the distance from the earth
down to the depth of hell.

It was this King, that is, the King of heaven and earth who sepa-
rated the firmament from the great formless mass ; and he ordained
five zones in it viz., a fiery zone (i.e., between the two temperate
zones), and two frigid zones and two temperate zones, viz., a frigid
zone to the south and a frigid one to the north.

And the first form of the firmament was ordained thus : as the shell
is about the egg, so is the firmament around the earth in 6xeJ-gs-
pension ; and in circumferencefits measurement-it! taken, and it is not . /t*/< .'/
in diameter it is measured.

And the heavenly King after this ordered it to be divided into
twice six parts, and corresponding to them twice six months, each
part to make a month, so that it is at the end of a year the circuit
is complete. There are six windows in each part of them through
the firmament to shed light through, so that there are wttyisii 3
windows in it, and a glass shutter for each window; so that the fir-
niameiit is/a migltty-sbgot-sf crystal and-arprotecting bulwark round
the earth, with three heavens, and three heavens around it, and the

30 -SencTiuf

INTUODUC- conaig coftacca itn ralmain, co tyu nimili ociif co rfu niihe unpi :
in feccma*imofifu> p.o ceyx-afu rp/i numb. tli tie nono fin fofan
aingel, ace a bet am ail fion imacuai|\c, am -00110 ap, m flit
fin, .1. m pfunaminc ociif na fece naiyinp.ennai, o ca in tiaip, fio

Uof fiann in jug cecna 1 nmtJ fiannaib -oec, ocuf -oo fiac ainm
no cac fian-o po tec ; ocf ara fuac caca ^xaiiDa -oib a rnnceU, na
pixniannnce, com-o -oona -oelbatb' ainminijchefx .1. CCquaift,,
Pifc, CCp,ieic, "Cauifi, ^emme, Canfiyi, Leo, Unigo, ubta,
Saigecofx, Capjucoiinuf . Com-o iac fin m -oa -|\ann nee
l\eic 5i\ian ocuf efca ; comn c^aica laici ocuf -oec nuai|\e
lee naifi bif ST 11011 1T1 CQ c T 1011111 "tf> fin, octif a cute -oec tec in
jac 111 nn.

1 mif Onai^ nono bif 5^11 an 1 n-CCcfuaii\; 1 tin peb-|\n tnpjiiian 1
Pifc; 1 mif TDafiCa btf 1 n-CCtfa:eic; 1 Ti-CCibf^il, 1 'Cauiji; 1 mif
TTlai bif 1 n^einm; 1 nnf 1in bif 1 Canfi^i; 1 mif 1uil bi|- 1 Leo; 1
mif CCugtiifc bif 1 1111150; 1 nnf Sepnmbift bif i UibfUiTn; 1 mif
Occmibifi bif 1 Scofp/p; 1 nnf 1Jotninbiii bif 1 Saigica]!; 1 mif

bif 1 Capincoixniif.
annpn m t>a iiann neacc fuf 1 iiecann 5fiian.

CC cine -olejuii no fif caca lae no cac mcleccac noneoc bif fo
51ianaib Gclaifi : laici 1111 f gfieme, ocuf aef efca, ocuf |xic
mafia, ocuf Unci feccmame, octif feili naeiii. P

,tf

,1^ f " -Seanchuf p eaji n-6i^ean'0 : ciT) coniTtjuiiceqi ? Com-

^ ilj 1 ^ L * ijrcuimne T)a rpean, ciTmacul cluaife Dia }iaite, Tncecat

pie, co]imach o Rechc tiqie, nep,caT) pp,i |iecTic aicnif) ;

a|i ice qie n-aitce mfein p]\if a n-apcaiceft bp,eca m

bechu.

Seandiuf .1. cuif if fain fTUf na hofcuyiaib; ayxni rmcaic ace eotaij, .1.
3cain5 catn 11156110 .1. caf camj;ine, cuif a neicenf, .1. Sencnae pf na pep,
11-eitMon-o, no fenchamgne Bpeap, n-&ifiinTi.

CI-D coni-oivuicean, .1. ca cae nae fiif 1 n,aceyi; no CIT> \io comecaf-
ni fiif i yiaidix f encuf fam ; no [era] n,o comecafcayv fencaf.

Ounan, ocuf mne, ocuf aijibefcr: cona^aii non focul if fencliuf .
35 Ounun no f on a 6bfia, f oena a 5fi el 5 ; no f uof a Gbfia, octif

SEXCHUS MOR. 31

seventh was arranged in throe heavens. Tliis last, however, is not INTRODUC-
the habitation of the angels, but is like a wheel revolving round,
and the firmament is thus revolving, and also the seven planets,
since the time they were created.

The same King divided it into twelve divisions, and gave a name
to each division respectively ; and the figures of the divisions are
.-(jt each in its own place around the firmament, and it is from these
figures they are named i.e., Aquarius, Pisces, Aries, Taurus, Ge-
mini, Cancer, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricornus.
And these are the twelve divisions through which the sun and moon
run ; and the sun is thirty days ten hours and a half in each divi-
sion of these, and on the fifteenth it enters each division.

In the month of January the sun is in Aquarius; in the month of
February the sun is in Pisces ; in the month of March the sun is in
Aries ; in the month of April in Taurus ; in the month of May it is in
Gemini ; in the month of June it is in Cancer; in the month of July
it is in Leo; in the month of August it is in Virgo; in the month of
September it is in Libra; in the month of October it is in Scorpio; in
the month of November it is in Sagittarius ; in the month of Decem-
ber it is in Capricornus.

These are the twelve divisions through which the sun runs.

There are five things that shoidd be known every day to every
intelligent person who has ecclesiastical orders : viz., the day of the
solar month, the age of the moon, the flow of the tide, the day of the
week, and the festivals of saints. Finit..

The Senchus of the men of Erin : What has pre-
served it? The joint memory of two seniors, the tra-
dition from one ear to another, the composition of
poets, the addition from the law of the letter, strength
from the law of nature : for these are the three rocks
by which the judgments of the world are supported.

The Senchus, i.e. a question which is difficult to the ignorant; for none under-
stand it except the learned, i.e. beautiful, loveable question, i.e. ' cas caingne,' a
shining question, i.e. the old road to the knowledge of the men of Erin, or the old
contracts of the men of Erin.

What has preserved it, i.e. what fine science is so called ; or how was the
science which is called the Senchus preserved ; or how was the Senchus preserved.

The root, and meaning, and import of the word ' Senchus,' are
required. Its root is the Hebrew 'son,' the Greek 'soena;' or the

32 -Senchup T116]i.

- fuene a 5^ e '5- fttnrcio a Lairen, "Otigei) a ^aoiTieJg, ociif T>lief>
a oijiberic.

CC mt>e, a inmurhnicur, u ruirhmeach a ivme 111 focail if
fenctif : Senchuf, .1. fen chat pf fe]i n-6Tp,ionT>, no na fen, .1.
fcai, conairi, convnji fif na fen. CCniuil nagari cq\ contniub
no chum p^xnn aifdf, if anitait) najuft, aft oltjeT) an
eotuf cacliu camgne: T)eifniiftect; ufi ini if ur

-oomamic a\\ cue
Ocuf a 5i!la no^irotis

Wo fencaf, .1. fen cae fif na fen, rech fif na fen. CCintn?,
m cech tiech ap, fuacc ociif ayi tioininT), if aiiiltut) pn
iget) ocuf eoluf an cf encliuf a nech ayi mnhjet) ociif cqi
aneoluf each camgne ; ocuf Tieifiiiifcecc [a]i] an in if cae rci: :

" Cejicai, muitleni), caill fei)a."

""tlo fencuf .1. fenctnf, euif, mcaic, .1. cucaic fif na fen. 11<>
fencaf, .1. m fen ftnl ant) on m if ftnex fen [ara:] ociif in caf

|fuilanT)oni'if cufroDia, .1. comect)ti5i p Dnafen. Uofencaf, .i.fen-
caiff, caif, camgen, fencamjne fefi n-&iienn ara OITD. Mo fen-
cnf ; in fen ftnt ant> if onni if fenex [oca] ocuf m caf full ann

i-oonni if cafuff, baftft,, .1. fenbajif, TICIJIT) fe|x n-&itenT). "Ot.ijje'o
Txtficaf no cacinaingef ra]\ cae nnliget) tiligeT) in rfenchafa ;
aniaiL cacniamgef bafi]i in C]iainT> cafi bun in qiainD, if
amlaiT) pn cactnamgef Dlijet) m rfencafa cafe cae irolije'D.

penchaf in focut fem, pnechai, caei pf na pne, .1. conaifi
na pne, no na fene. Ocuf pene o pennif jJa^faiT). "Oe-

" pem o pern uf afbe|icacotrv"
Ocuf a cennfocriuf m focail TIO fii^neT) ant>, .1. ef callat>
af fiia nef . "Oeifiinriecc ai|ipT)e, aniaiL a Dubairu; m pie :

3 " pegfOC pllT) Pl 1 fOf

" pencaf co feij la \le\i^UY ',

" 1Tla iarv nial each niame unach,

" "Do rvoifce T>ame "Oubcach."

1 All the mm. In the Leabhar Gabhala of the O'Clerys, p. 55, the whole of this
quatrain U given

" peim 6 Peniuf tro byxeca bfii 50 bocca,

'suuifiit o 'gao-oat slaf tro f;(()ira -Scuic u -Scoca."
See also the Duaa Erinneaeb, line 69 Irish Nennius.

SENCHUS MOR.

33

Hebrew 'suos,' which is 'suene' in Greek, 'ratio' in Latin, 'dligheilh' INTRODUC-

TIOX.

in Irish, and law is its import.

Its analytic composition, its resolution according to the meaning of
the word 'Senchus:' ' Scnchus,' i.e. 'sen chai fis' (the old road to
knowledge) of the men of Erin, or of the ancients, i.e. ' cai,' a way,
i.r. the way of the knowledge of the ancients. As people go by many
*S to a chief residence, so they come 4&~the law of the Senchus '/ i
by the knowledge of every cweeaant. Here is an example to show
that ' cae' means a way :

" A youth jjrotocted me on the way (' cae'), C 'M/, A

" And his youth is not entitled to the fair."

Or, ' Senchas,' i.e. ' Sen cae fis na sen' (the old house of the knowledge
of the ancients) j ' tech fis na sen' (the house of the knowledge of the
ancients i. As the house protects a person against the cold and inclem-
ent weather, so the law and the knowledge of the Senchus protect
a person against injustice and against ignorance of each contract ;
and here is an example to show that ' cae' means house :

" A forge (' Cerd-chae '), a mill, a wood of trees."

Or, ' Senchns,' i.e. 'senchuis,' 'cuis,'acause, i.e. the cause of the know-
ledge of the ancients. Or, 'senchas ;' the 'sen' which is in it is derived
from ' senex,' old ; and the 'cus' which is in it is from the word 'cus-
todia,' i.e. the keeping of the law of the ancients. Or, ' senchas,' i.e.
' sen chaiss,' ' cais,' a contract, i.e. the old contract of the men of Erin.
Or, ' Senchus;' the ' sen' which is in it is from the word ' senex,' and
the ' cas' which is in it is from the word ' casus,' top, i.e. the old top
of the law of the men of Erin. The law of the Senchus is a law
which excels and overtops every law ; as the top of a tree overtops
its trunk, so the law of the Senchus overtops every law.

' Fenchus' is the word itself, quasi 'Fen chai fis,' i.e. 'caei fis na fine,'
i.e. the way of the knowledge of the tribe, or of the Feini. And
the Feini are so called from Fenius Farsaidh. An example of this:

" Feini from Fenius are called," ic.

And a change of initials has taken place in the word, i.e. '_T was \e t
substituted for '_B? An example of this is thus given by the poet :

"The poets of Fail here look upon

" The Fenchus m the work-of Fergus ;

" But if it be viewed as regards the chief of the work,

" Dubhthach was above all the men." 1

D

34 -Senchtir TTIoji.

INTRODUC- CiT> apmon confam -DO bepap, 1 ropach in pocail ip penchup
r icip? [CIT>] nac jjuitatjrhi ruccro ant>? Coip am 1 n-oepna, uaip, eip

puil 1 ropach in pocail ip poipcela, no ip mnnm T>O Cprpc Soehep,.
Ci-o cuniaT) pencap pep n-Cpenn at) bepuit> p,ip, uaip, nac mo
/ara aipneip T>O -olijeT) pep n-6ipent> ant) na TJO T>li5eT> ban?
Coi|i eim a nt>ebaipe pom atro, aipechup T>O eabaipr; T>on pant>

ip tiaipli ann ap, ruf, .1. -ooti mafcul,

tiai-p, Cfiifctif capuc 111111,

uifi capac mutieip.if, Cpifc ip ceiro T>piyi, ocf i?e|i if cen-o T>O
mnai ; ocuf uaifli m peyx inaf in ben, ocuf ayi ttiiuaiflnDecaiT) j-f-J
/ofio caifelbaT) he 1 leic jxtf m p ]i.

Cut macmuscro t>o f.one fenctif pep, n-Gpeni) T>O |iaT) i\if 1 np?
CCji meic T)O maitaib pep, n-Gpenn no bui 'ca T)enani ; octip noc
DO cenet eite t>o bopTjaijet), ace npepaib Giperro. 1p aipe i
oep-ap Sencap mop, p.ip pop, ap meic tio maicib pep, n-6p,enn po
ff bui ga -oenam. Ocup m mine a-o bepap, Sencupmap pp\,ip,jpencup
aile T>o bee an-o icip, ; no cia no bet pencup aiie mro oc Via pen-
caitiaib, no oc na piteT>aib, ip bee cac pencup tub 1 n-aicpegat)
pum, ap, a n-ecapbaige iap pipm'oe, ocup ap. uaipli m luclica T>O
p.ijne e.

20 Ocup a cinT) noi mbtiar>an iap, naccain parpaic 1 n-6pmt> ip
am> caipmc m pencap uite T>O Tienam. [pacpaic ocup Oemom,
' D - 3 - ocu f Caip,necn utl ac Dtnlen, ip icrc p,o pcpjbupcup, i caitc liubuip,
tia maptinn T>pepuib 6p,unti.]

lap, peancnaroib na ^ae^ilgi annpo anuap. lap, pencup m
2? ecna imuppo po pip-

Sencup -oono, a pen pil ann ip onm ap penex crca, ocup a cap pi I
an-o ip [onni ip] caupa, .1. cuga-o, .1. pen 01501-0 mnpin 6 cem
maip. Wo -oono a pen pil ann ip om ip penpup, ciall; a cap pil

1 Senchus Mor, i.e. the great Senchus. There is a tract preserved in the Book of
Ballymote, called ' Senchus Beg,' a name evidently applied to it to distinguish it
from the ' Senchus Mor.' In C., 762, the following reason is given for the name
' Senchus Mor :'

" It is called Senchus Mor, not because it contains a great deal of matter, but on
" account of the great number of the men of Erin who were at the making of it,
" and at the arranging of it ; in the same way as every place where Patrick used to
" remain on Sunday is called ' Domhnach-Mor' (great Lord's day or Sunday), i.e.
"from the number of the hosts who used to be about him, and used to give him
" great gifts. ' Domhnach Beg ' is not to be found at all."

In like manner there are many churches called ' Domhnach Mor' (great Lord's
house or church) to be found throughout Ireland; there is not a single church called
' Domhnach Beg' (little Domhnach), to be met with, nor is any mention of one to
be found in the lives of Patrick, or any other Irish document. From this remark-

SENCHUS MOR. 35

Why is it a consonant that is placed at the beginning of the word IXTRODI-I -
' Senchus?' why was it not a vowel that was placed there ? This
was properly done, indeed, because 's' is at the beginning of the word
' Soiscela' (gospel), or because ' Soter' is a name for Christ.

What is the reason that it is called the Senchus of the men of
Erin, as it does not treat more of the law of the men of Erin than of
the law of the women ? It is proper, indeed, that it should be so
called, that superiority should be first given to the noble sex, i.e. to
the male, for " Christus caput viri, et vir caput mulieris" Christ is
the head of the man, and the man is the head of the woman; and
the man is more noble than the woman, and it was on account of
man's dignity it was ascribed to him.

What consideration caused it to be called the Senchus of the men
of Erin 1 The number of the chiefs of the men of Erin who were
kt the making of it ; and it was not to any other race it was ordered
to compile it, but to the men of Erin. It was also called Senchus
Mor, 1 from the great number of the chiefs of the men of Erin who
were at the making of it. And it was not called Senchus Mor,
because there was another Senchus in existence ; or, though there
should have been another Senchus with the Senchies, or with the
poets, every one of them was small in comparison with this, because
of their uselessnes/after the introduction oj) truth, and because of the "A**
dignity of the people who composed it.

And it was at the end of nine years after the arrival of Patrick in
Erin that the Senchus was completed. Patrick, and Benen, and
Cairnech who is Inn-it d ut Tuilen, 2 were they who wrote it in a chalk-
book 3 to preserve it for the men of Erin.

From the historians of the Irish the above has been taken. The
following is from the writers q/'the history of philosophy.

' Senchus :' the ' sen ' which is in it is derived from the word
' senex,' and the 'cas' which is in it is from the word ' causa,' a cause,
i.e. this is an old cause from time remote. Or, the 'sen' which is in

able fact, the commentator persuaded himself that 'Senchus Mor' was similarly
named, without any reference to a 'Senchus He-;. 1 And it is probable that thia
may have been the case in this commentator's time; but we have hart a law tract
called 'Senchus Beg' at least since l;!t)5, whin the Book of Ballymote was
compiled.

2 Tuilen. Now Dulane, near Kells. in Meath.

8 Chalk-book. There i> no nutic-e nf this fact in any other copy but that preserved
in O'D. 3, 4. The word may be translated, white-book. The parchment or vellum
used by the Irish was prepared with chalk.

D2

36

ISTRODUC- ann if om af caifcisacufi, .1. cim 011151:15, .1. emit 11)101)1505 5
fiaeDa ma Dli5et>. Mo Dono a fen fit ann if oni i[f] fueni n
5lT.eic, ocuf IXOCTO a Laicm, ocuf DliseD a ^aeDils; ocuf a caf
fil ann, if om if cufcoDia, .1. comet), oca, .1. -ol^e-b come-oa 5ach
ufirf: I jain mfin.l Ocuf m Dtigei) fin if e ffiem ocuf buncco af a n-fafa

^ '/, gac fif , ocuf if DI af amm Don poifi octif von byus aicenca o

Wt*v tf/*tf cuiftniep amini cac fieD Dliscig. In cuinsiD imufcfio layifinDi;
if DO if aintn Don cofiaT) ocuf T>on each, T>O sni m ainnn ic laiiyvai*
jac iiaeca. 1n pf iniujifxo H(fifuiT)t; if DO if aintn nun ro]uro
10 ocuf T>onT> efiiilaime afaf Donn lafifiaiD, co facaib a fuillecc if
in etejisna; ace nama if DO 5iaef inafiuf DtiseD an ecaf^muche,
ocuf ni DO jftef niaftUf Dbgei) in cuinchi. Ocuf cit> m fif Dono,
ni DO 5|ief mafiuf, uaifi amuil aichnef fop,aitiTiec, ocuf ni
DejvmuD eifitie co mime.

irCoinctiimne T>a cf ean, .1. 111 t>a eolncli, .1. cmniif t>o bcai\ati in
cuitnne on cfin T>on cfin eite. 1ffeT) if comp,ai|i caifC6T>o wo in cuniine,
v"t*4 cuf an 111 comecan, met ; no coma -Decliin. cotnfiaip, caifceTja anr> an
cuimne, ocuf coinaf> e'D buf fencuf ant> an ni comeT)cafi ince, .1. cac fen
oca cit>nacal T>O alaite, amait afbe|vap, "cronaic fen -DO cf in ;" no ^en
mac CCi^i, ocuf Sencha mac CCilitla, mic Coil/ Ctom ; if teo fio map,uf ca)x
bfieclia, .1. na fenpileT>a, ocuf ic hefio ofiT>ai5efcafi cecan,fticc [acgabata]
if in T>ail oc Uipiech ; no if cac fen oca ci-onacul T>m laili. "'Ci'Dnuij;
fen T>O fen," .1. mai5ifcap, no "oeifgipal, ocuf if eifTOe ni irna comai
T>O nach aitiu, .1. cuimne cutnaiT>e -DO bi ac in TJU: Sen, ac Sen mac CCige,
2<"ocuf 10 Senca mac CCilella; ij;e in T>a fen imjiuiten. fun-o, uai|\,-DeiyiiuT)

J '.rrJti^wv trirJ- febcana 8m nnc CCi^e can.Yvgi'D 8encna mac CCilella, ifin |iif i HUICPII

/ ^ i<fe 3/) Sencaf Sin ; no jio comecafcan. Sencuf .

'Ct'onacul cluaife T>ia |iaile, .1. ciT>nucul acai in gleyif a T>ia imcoi-
mec, .1. caiiiT>ell acat in sf*V'fK ' cac T>ia imcomec, .1. titjnucul glepefa
jo o each T)ib T>a ceili, o ftoffa ocuf o "Dubcacli ocuf o Peji^uf ; no[i]f accu
fin fio bui m glepiff eile, .1. |iechc licjii ; no ^lepeffa in maisifcn,ec1i
Dia p,aile, T>on tieifcibul; no nmae T>O mT>ell i cul 1 comec if ni jxif yiaicep,
fenchaf, .1. cai irniil col in clopef, .1. am7>il acai a cul, a comec, (.1. uji

1 Joint-memory, comcutmne. In O'D. 13 is given a Latin derivation of this
compound word as follows : " The ' com,' whidi is in ' comcuinne,' is the same as
'cuma,' i.e. equal memory; 'cuma' quasi ' communis,' 'cuimnes' quasi 'coin-
munio,' i.e. strengthening."

a Seniors, or men whose names began with Sen.

SENCHUS MOR.

37

it is from the word 'sensus,' sense ; the ' cas' which is in it is from Ilf uc -
'castigat/r/ i.e corrected, I.C.-&E oujxeejflrg sense^of every thing in
its law. Or, indeed, the ' sen ' which is in it is from the Greek word
' sueni,' which in Latin is ' ratio,' and in Irish ' dlighedh ;' and the
'cas' which is in it is derived from the word 'custodia, keeping, i.e.
the law of keeping every one. And this law is the root and stock
from which -rows every knowledge, and from it its name is given to
the power and natural force from which the name of every -lawful
thin? is drawn. Now, the seeking after this : from it name is
given to the fruit, and to the colour, i.e. inquiry which the mind
makes in the seeking after every thing. The knowledge now after
this : from it is derived the name for the fruit and for the prepared-
ness which grows from inquiry, so that it leaves its impression on
the intellect ; but only that the law of the intellect exists always,
a id the law of inquiry does not exist always. And as to know-
ledge, it does not always subsist, for though it is committed to the
memory, it is overtaken often by forgetfulness.

From the joint-memory 1 of two seniors, i.e. of two learned men, as the
memory is conveyed from one old man to another. The preserving shrine is the me-
ni. >ry and what is preserved in it; or the true preserving shrine is the memory, and
the Senchus is what is preserved in it, i.e. every senior conveying it to the other,
U is said, "the tradition of old to old;" or, Sen mac Aige and Sencha mac Ailella,
f Coil Cloin, it is by them the judgments lived, i.e. the old poets, and these
were they who ordered a fourfold division of distress at the meeting at Uisnech ; or,
it is evcrj- individual old man transmitting it to the other. " TJia44i*ioii of old to
44," i.e. of. the master to the disciple, and this is the thing wind
to another, i.e- the common memory, or^/et^fav^rt

^ *" >

-

y "f.

rted

Ml itilUllICl, I.e. Ill U *-"J) "* V / 9

-eiiiors,- i.e. Sen mac Aige and Sencha mac Ailella ; they are the two Seniwho are
mentioned here, for it-waa tho pbilost4H < r-fc^vlcdgQ jhicjv^n ^pac Aige had
/hon j, n pM man- t-l">*- K '"' nnr-AJlalla lnrnod,' fi-mii!Twliie'li'4t is called Sen's

Law : or It ii so fnllt'l because he preserved the Senchus. _

Tradition from ear to ear, i.e. the transmission of bright knowledge to
preserve it. i.e. the lighted candle of bright knowledge, i.e. each preserving it, i.e.
the conveyance of bright knowledge from one of them to the other from Kossa,
and from Dubhthach, and from Fergus; or, it was they who had the other bright
knowledge, i.e. the written law ; nr, the bright knowledge of one master to another,
i.e. to the disciple; or, the repository in which is arranged to be stored up and
preserved 3 what is called Senchus, i.e. the storehouse in which this famous know-
ledge was arranged and treasured up for preservation ; for hearing is conveying.

a 7VcrTf</. In C. 704 and O'D. 14, Tirnincul cluwpe is explained inniU,
tocavmch imcoirner, ocuy ni clucrp -DO n-n>mn-6 ace 1-ptjxea -DO rnrniaitiTi,
ocur ir i vtupi" 1 ' D ^ e ' '- e - retentive medium of preserving knowledge, and it is
not the ear that conveys it, but it is through it it is conveyed, and it is the
ministering organ.

V- A C itz

"

vf

.,

*~ A

38 -Senchup THoji.

INTHODUC- ip tochanach in c-eiprechrj). [Cluaipi], .1. clopepa, i- m pepa T> comlai
" x - in maippnp. ma junle; clump .1. i clump in -oeipsipuil; clump, .1.
clumpin, .1. clupip mt) po, no eipceclic in po t>ia p,aile.
T)icetal file, .1. ippeTi 710 conierjap. am> Tjicecul na yile'o, (.1. 1 lecaib

J~.i. Pep-gap pile, ocup T)ubach macllui Lugaip, -oicicup. hie), .1. ic Hop, pai
bep.la Peme, ocup ic "Oubcac, p m licfii, ocup ic pep.;;up, pai pili-oecca. 1p
111 flip a p-aitep, psncup pn, yp.1, .1. 111 crobul cancain Tjligchec p.o bi ac no
ple-oaib, ac Ropp ocup ac "Oubttiac, ocup ac Pep^up ip 111 pip pmcep,
psncap pn ; no p.o comecapcap, pjncnp; no pcipe pile TIO p,ac piamemain

/o pat p,ia Pacp,aic, p.o mapapcup, co caippenca -DO Pacp,aic. Ipe-o ip cotn-
piaip. caipceTia ati-o, in piliTiecc cup a ni comecup innci ; no comaT>eT> bu
comp,ip, taipceT>a ami, m pilroecc, ocup cotna-oe-6 bu psncup unn, in 111
coniecup. 111-oci.

Top.mach o p.echc licpie, .1. op,eccpecaip,laicciocu

/.T.I. cuille-5 pjxip T>o canoiti, .1. coipmoigci, .1. pio coipmet) T)ani a
oetu licpi in pip pvocomeccqx UII-D, .1. cuiIipusaT) ppi bp.eicip, nT)e, ocup
araa pcp.ibenn, 1. canome, .1. a coipicni co rnoc o 7)ip,5fDecuiT) na licp,i px>
but cup 111 cp,iuppa, pacp.aic, ocup benem, ocup Caip.nec, .1. popbicnn
piacca T>O cup, app, .1. oculup ppo oculo, ocup puilleT) a nepbaT) ocup a

v n-anpop,luime t>ullinu5u-&. 1per> tp comp,aip, caipce-oa anT), m licip, come-

capo inT>ct ; no cumaT) ef> bu comp.aip. cuipceiia aim, m licip, ocup conuro e-o

bu pencup ann, in m cotnecap. innci- Coixup &cluipi o cuaic ocup cuaici

o &cluip, ip m p.ip a p-ai-ocep. peancap pin ; no, p.o comecupcup. pencap.

Mep,caT) pp,i p,echc aicnin, .1. po-6 pp,i ue)ic ann pn, imam p.oibe

^Sipin cecap.T)a coipech p.oniamT), p.omi "neyvcaT) pp.1 aicneD," .1. m 111 na

camic no na cuT>c1iaT> pp-i bp.eicip, nT)e, -Don aicne-6 ap a tnbep,T)ip na

genet a mbp.eta, ipe-6 t>o puc i pjnchap, .1. a cinnto co nepcmap. m pepa

p.o coniec((]i ann cona micofimuch -DO p^eip. -Dip-iacaTO aicni-o na pep; no a

fat. i*^ nenc jyou co nepcma]x T>O p^eip. Dip.f;iT)ecaiT> aicni-o CC-omm, -DO Lae5aip.e,

3ocup T>O Cop.cc, uaip T>O "Ouip.e, uaip, ip pet) p,o but T>O p.eip, aicmT> CC-oaim,
cucp-umujaT) na CIDUT). 1p ni p,ip a iiai-ocep, psncapp pin ; no, p,o come-
cupcap. pencapp. 1peT> ip compaip, caipce7)a am>, in c-atcne-6 cup am
ciiinecap, aiiT>; no comcro bu comp,aip, caip:eT)a anT) in c-aicnet>; no
coniaT) ei) bu pencup ant) m ni comecap. atiT>-

jSCCp, ice cp.6 n ailce mpein pp.ip apcaichep, bp.echa in
bechu, e-oon m T>icecul,no cp,e n-ailci, .1. "-oicecul pilets" cop,mac o p.ecc

1 Thread of poetry, piameniam pai, i.e. whoever was the poet that first linked
the judgments ti^tlier in one consecutive poem, they lived clown to the time of St.
Patrick, to whom they were exhibited. In C. 764, the reading is no Sicip tie
piliT> T>O pxro T>icliecal po bp.efta co p.o mup-apcap. co cap,penca T>O PCTCJUIIC,
i.e. or whoever was the poet that put the judgments into poetry, they lived until
exhibited to Patrick.

The same copy adds at the end of this article, -oicecal pilro .1. p.o comet) -oono
m aTjb'al cancam T>O p.a'Dpa'o na pilii> i lecaib, i.e. 'Dichetal filidh,' i.e. the
great recital preserved it which the poets inscribed on rlairstom-s.

Compare this statement with what (iinddiis Cainbrcnsis says of ancient Irish
history: " sed forte in aliqua matcrii inscripta, lapidea scilicet vel lateritia (sicut de

SENCHUS MOK. 39

Cluaisi,' i.e. 'clo-fhesa,' i.e. t/te receptacle of the knowledge which the master con- ISTROUUC-
vrvs to another ; 'Cluaisi,' i.e. in the ear of the disciple; 'Cluaisi,' i.e. ' Cluinsin,'
. this is -Clufis,' or this is hearing Wanothei^jrwTy

The ompOHlon of poets, i.e. what is preserved here is the composition of

the poets (i.e. in inscriptions," i.e. Fergus the poet, and Dubhthach Ma.-ua Lughair, jjlr.ore , '

are here alluded to), i.e. by Ross, a doctor of the Berla Feini, and by Dubhthach, tflafytones. Ho . fi&nl*. Zt 7-
a ilcpc-tor of literature, and by Fergus, a doctor of poetry. This is called Senchus, &c.,
i.e. the great lawful recital which the poets had i.e. Ross and Dubhthach and
l-Yrgns _ is what is called Senchus; or they preserved the Senchus; or whoever
wa> the poet that connected it by a thread of poetry* before Patrick, it lived until
it was exhibited to Patrick. The preserving shrine in this case is the poetry with
what is preserved in it ; or the preserving shrine is the poetry, and the Senchus is
what is preserved therein. /), 'Tf^tk^l^C'

Addition from the law of the letter, 2 i.e. from the patriarchal-law and
the New Testament, i.e. addition to it from the canon, i.e. increase, i.e. it was attted
to from the rules preserved in the written law, i.e. it was harmonized with the word
,.f (iod, which is written, i.e. the canon, i.e. it was soon corrected by the just rules of
\\.<- letter, which these three had, viz., Patrick and Benen and Cairnech, i.e. the over-
severity of the law was taken from it, i.e. " an eye for an eye;" and its defects were
supplied and its crudities were removed. The preserving shrine is the letter
wlii.-h is preserved in it; or, the preserving shrine is the letter, and the Senchus is

what is preserved in it The right of the church from the people, and of the

people from the church, is called Seiichus; or, they preserved the Seiichua.

Strength by the law of nature, i.e. to turn to strength what is in the

first four matters before mentioned, i.e. before ' strength by the law of nature," i.e.

Midi part of the lam of nature, from which the Pagans passed their judgments, as

did not or could not agree with the word of God, is what was taken from the Sen-

rhus, i.e. to return mightily the knowledge which was preserved therein with an

increase of it according to the rules of the nature of men ; or, to change its strength

mightily according to the rules of the nature of Adam, by Lacghaire, and Core, and

Daire, for the balancing of crimes was the thing dictated, according to the nature of

Adam. And this is what is called Senchus; or, it is it that preserved the Senchus.

The preserving .-hrine s is nature and what is preserved in it; or, the preserving

shrine is nature ; or, the Senchus is what is preserved in it

For these are the U>ru~ rocks by which the judgments of the

world are supported, i.e. the composition, &c., or the three rocks are "the

composition of the poets," " addition from the written law," "strength from the law

arte musiea legitur ants diluvium) inventa istorum ruemoria, fuerat reservata."
See Ann. 4 Mast., ed. J. O'D. A.M. L'242, note 6.

Addition from the law of Ike Utter. There seems to be a defect in the text here.
It should probably be " increase and diminution from the written law." The allusion
is to what Patrick added to the Pagan Irish laws from the Gospel, and what he re-
moved of the over-severity of the Mo.-aic law an eye for an eye, &c. which the
old Irish are said to have learned from Cai Cainbhrethach. Patrick purged the
Irish laws of the severities of the law of M,.~cs. a- well as of Pagan Irish supersti-
tions, and reduced them to harmony with the Gospel of Christ.
s Preserciiiy sltriiu.. Cumuli ia in original, but it is wrong.

40 Senchup Tfloji.

ISTBODUC- ticn,i, nenxaT) n,i fiecc UICTITO, .1. cmmoca pencap, .1. uai|i if icic pin ailci
1ON- nemcunipcaieca flip a naf caicliep, bfieicetnnuf T>O bfieic o'icri\ebcachaib
in beta; ocuf bic fin an, aitfiebachaib, atnuil acci IT> quot) concmec pn,o
eo qtuyo continetufi; ocuf iy e cuic anT> ayia aiiT>, uai|i nT>i\ubiiainup,
f liomaiiTD, -oicecul pite'6, cognac 6 p.ecc L)c-|ai [yjxl.] -i. no a|v tee airo yxj ixo
nailci iiemcunrpcaici na cuitncrclieiT. r>o cum^ugat) a n-&ixinn,
T>O oj^caiclieiv CIT> byieca ipm uomun u)ti ; no T>OIIO, ap, rce
an-o -)ro miuap no c|ii ail 015 ?oy. a cap.p,ai^cen, bfieicheninuj 1 an
uiti, .1. pli, ocup ticiyx, ocu^

, 1p an"D fio 1iai|iteT) ^15 ocup aicbech, jugcm ocup
amjugan, paoji ocup T>CCOJI, poctice'Dach ocup 'Dodice'D-
ach, pona ocup Tiotiai.

1p ant> jio aijitet) T)ip,e caich po micro; ap, |io bui in
bich 1 cuqiuma comT) camic -Sertdictp TTlapi.

/f 1p a -Sencap TTlap. fio mpLeT> comTi^e T>o 1115 ocup
eppcop, ocup cage iieclira liqie, ocup puaT) ptet> p-ojican
T)i cetiTDaib pofiopnct, ocup T>o bfiiugaT) T)i|ienati cecaib,
oca mbi cai|ie anpc co na chochup cechca.

1pa-8enchapTT)aji conaniup ap- na fiuccha match T>o
ioulcc, ocup olc T)i maich.

1p a -Sen chap ITIapi fio aifiledia na cecheofia can a:
cam mjifiaiT), cam paepijiaid), cam aicillne, cam lanam-
nup]"a cechca ; CCptuT> caich hi cofiuib bel, afi p,o bui
m bioch i mbailiuch mani apcaicip cuifie bel.
"

anT) fio hatixtet), .1. ip in Sencuy jio hep,atuaiT)eT). Rig, -i. onni
if f.egen'DO, vollamnujafi; no onni if yieccicu-otne. CCichech, .1. met
Diana coip. aici pach, .1. ic viach pfiif m tvig, .1. a faejvceili ocuf a T>aeri-
ceiti, ocuf a cuacna olcena, .1. m aictiech glfiaT) peini af bein, funT), .1. aicec
peich inbleojain atn.. Ri5an, .1. uip.iT.e uoDem, .1. cecmuinnnp, comceneoil,
.i. comoro ben 1x15 Ofienn, .1. gem if coin. -DO fiij;- CCmtvigan, .1. am fo

SENCHUS MOR. 41

of nature," i.e. besides the Senchus, i.e. for these are the immovable rocks by which IXTRODUC-

ii MHtaincd the judgment which is passed on the inhabitants of the world; and the

world is put here for its inhabitants, as that which contains for that which is

remained; and the force of the "for" here is, because we have mentioned before

"the composition of poets, the increase from the written law, &c. ;" i.e. or these

which I have mentioned are the th immovable rocks which cannot be removed St^-u

in Erin, and on which are supported all the judgments of the world; or else, these

above mentioned are the three perfect rocks on which the judgments of all the

world are sustained, i.e. poet, letter, and nature.

In it were established laws for king and vassal,
queen and subject, 8 chief and dependent, wealthy and ^BO-
poor, prosperous and unprosperous.

In it was established the 'dire '-fine of each one
according to his dignity; for the world was at an
equality until the Senchus Mor was established.

In the Senchus was established equal 'dire'-fine for
a king, and a bishop, and the head of the written law,
and the chief poet who composes extemporaneously,
and for the brewy, who is paid 'dire' for his hundreds,
and who has the ever-full caldron and his lawful
wealth.

In the Senchus Mor it was provided that good
should not be assigned to bad, nor bad to good.

In the Senchus Mor were promulgated the four
l aws : _the law of fosterage, the law relating to free
tenants, and the law relating to base tenants, the
law of social relationship ; also the binding of all by
verbal contract, for the world would be in a state of ^ HL-Z.z.
confusion if verbal contracts were not binding.

In it were established, i.e. in the Senchus Mor were established. King,
' righ,' from the word 'rcgendo.' hy -"verning ; or, from the word ' rectitndine,' by
rectitude. Vassal, i.e. he for whom it is proper to pay debts, i.e. to pay debts for
the King, i.e. the free tenant and the base tenant, and the laity in general; i.e.
it is not the vassal of the inferior grades that is mentioned here ; i.e. the vassal
(' aithech') is so called, because the debts of his kinsman were visited upon him.
Queen, i.e. this is her own proper name, i.e. a first wife of equal family, i.e. the
wife of the king of Erin, i.e. a woman who is fit for a king. Subject (' Amhri-

42 Seiichur 1716)1.

INTUODUC- T>iutcaT>, conac coip, "DO 1x15 [ace ip- T>'air;hec ap coin,], a caicmec ap

" N "' coip,. Saop,, .1. 5p,a-o plata. T)aop, .1. 5p,at> peine. Saop, ocup T>aop, .1

O'D 16 cinncech ap,ecmncerh-pin ttixtmuileT>amei Senchapfflap,. SochceT>ach,

.1. pococac, .1. pochbia-oach, .1. poairi -DO bia^o T>O pagbail ap, conaip, .1. coc

C. Too. j-cibum, .1. bmt> [ip] in bepla, amuit apbep,ap, " cocujai) na n-itroite."

"Oochcetjach, .1. T>oaiT> -DO buro opaj;ba!l ap. conaip., .1. ce'Djaip i nibicro

^j" Hi. 3sb-T '/ T>occarrro curr. Sona, .1- -poatia aice 1 np, no i clmn'o. T)onai, .1. nocma

. aici im cocliup 1 ng, no cm ctam-o ; uaiyi T>o 5aba)x 111 piep, pocce'oac

S/ J5obuitac1i ^ona; ocu^ T>o jjabaix in "oaeix oocce'Dac oobia'Dac, T)ona. "Do

/.Sabctix imuyiixo in paeix -Docce-oac t>obiaT)ac -oona; ocu-p T>O ^ubcqi in T>aop.

|xibiaT)ac pocce'oach pona; map pea|in, T>O T>aimb faefi pocce'Dach

in a^ mepa -DO T>amib Tjopep, T>occeT>ac T>ona.

(Lit) ^i,. Oj^,\ IT" i' D T 10 a'T 1 ^ 6 ' 'D't 16 caich v miaT>, .1. ip anT) jxo

tuaroeT) enectann T>O each po uaiylrTOecaiT), .1- p> aifxilleT), ocuy i
i^ocup iT>na. CC]X TXO but in bit uite 1 cucixuma, .1. ap, |io bui m bit
uile 1 cutfxuma aneolaip no iiTDligTO co cuinic caiy mop, na ^en, .1. "laim
1 iaim, ocup coi^ i coip;" no cejxt caich amccit ct nejxc, .1- cm pp 00)111^0
cn.eicme; no 1 cucixuma etfxci, .1. cen,c caich amait a neixc; no i cucixuma
-. anpiy; no if e aneolufoo but cam, cefxc c(iic atiiai?/ a nen,c, .1. i cucn.umup

- 1*773 ) loeneciamm Ti'i^el ocuy T>'uapal; [no 1 cucyxuma eqxeicme. 1p 6 cuic m an,
uiiT> uaip, aT>n,ubn,umai)x iiomamn, "T>in,i caich \x> miaTi," .1. a|i jio but
tucc m beta, -i- na h-&|>,enn, hi cucn,uma, cona pecacayx a ciaeTOi; ap, no
cabajxm eneclann T)O each co camic a cabaiixc 1 fencay, .1. aiyxiileTi, ocuy 1
iiTDixucuf, ocup iT>na. 1-Jo oona, fio bu cucfiuma ac tucc in beca nejxt
jfocu-p cep,c, .1. nen,c na cuyxuT) ocup cefxc nu V-'N '" "f na P'tef>, ocuy na
mbjxiugaT), .1- mi comenectamn T>oib co cainicc a cabaiyic i pencup-,
"eneclanii T>O each jx> cochay."

1 p a Senca-p 111 a|X, .1. p, a tm T>'pen,aib Gpienn yxo bui oca T>enani,
ocup nt hi Sencay bee pixipailichep,. 1-1x0 hep.atuai'De. Cotn-oiyie TJO n.1?;
jt ocuy epycop, -1. comenectann no 1x15 cuarh ocup o'eppcop, .1. eclaip ^,15
cuac, ocup pennaic D'tmap.cp.ai'D T>O. (Jppcop, .1. co comayita 110 cen co-
rn ap.ca-

CCige ixechca licjxe, .1. Tjon ogae 'ca tnbiT> Din.iacai na licp,i, no pep,
co hog -Din-secaiT) na licp.1, .1. pep, leismn eclaip p.15 cuac.

, .1. m yui pile T>a pup/pannaT>anT> no T>a paillpgenT) iman
a fopefa (-1. TJO puap-apcaib a poay) co nnenann p,anT> can pnuameTi, .1.
cen imp.a'DU'D, m collain pileT) lap, na uipnuen 05 p.ig cuach

1 The Irish for the words in this parenthesis is written in the margin of the manu-
script.

2 Senchus Bee. Here the commentator elearly contradistinguishes the 'Senchus
Slor' from the ' Senchus Bee;' compare with note at page 34, supra.

3 Territories See O'Flaherty's West Connaught, pp. 1-3, where he says that the
territory of West Connaught, or Ui Briuin Seola was conterminous with the
diocese of Annaghdown.

SENX'IU S MOR. 43

gan'), i.e. 'amb, 1 a negative. I.e. that she is not fit for a king, but only for a vassal, ISTROU c-
and that it is right for him to divorce her. Chief, i.e. of the chieftain grade. TIPS
Dependent, i.e. ..f the inferior grades ( Sa.-r,' and daer,' i.e. certain, for uncer-
tain, are applied to all men in the Seiichu> Mor.)' Wealthy ( aothndMh. 1 ), i.e.
well supporting, i.e. food supplying, i.e. it is easy for him to get food on a journey,
i.e. 'coth,' means food in the Berla-Fe(V, i.e. ' cibu..' as it is used in ' cothughadh
na n-iuclile' (support of the cattle). Poor (' Dotheedach'). i.e. he has a difficulty in
getting food on a journey, i.e. houses in which he has a difficulty. Prosperous
('Sona'). i.e. 'so-ana,' i.e. he has a goodly wealth in his house, or in children.
Unprosperous ('Donai'), i.e. 'do ana,' i.e. he has no goodly wealth in his
house, or no children; for we lind ftu'h tranijiks as "The free, wealthy, hospitable,
prosperous person;" and we lind "The unfrt-c, indigent, inhospitable, unpros-
perous person." We find also "The free, indigent, inhospitable person;" and we
find "The unfree. inhospitable, wealthy, prosperous person." The best of men is
the free, wealthy, prosperous person ; the worst of men is the indigent, unpros-
perous, unfree man.

In it was established the 'dire'-fiue of each according to his dignity,
i.e. it is in it was promulgated honor-price for each person according to his dignity,
i.e. according to his desert, and worth, and purity. For all the world was at an
equality, i.e for all the world was at an equality of ignorance or injustice until the
-real cus." (or law) of the seniors, came to lie eitablMed, i.e. "hand for a hand, foot
for a foot ;" or, each person's right was ace. irding to his might, i.e. men were without
the knowledge of the true law of religion ; or, at an equality of ' eric'-fine, i.e. the
right of each person being according to his might; or, at an equality of ignorance,
or the ignorance which prevailed was the right of each one according to his might,
i.e. equality of honor-price to low and high ; or. at an equality of irreligion. The force
of the. "for" is, because we said before, "the ' dire'-tine of each person is according
to his dignity." i.e. because the people of the world, i.e. of Erin, were at an equality,
so as not to know the three things ; for tlie fume honor-price had been given to all
until it came to be given according to the Senchus, tchich reynUikd it by desert,
and worth, and purity. Or. might and right were at an equality with the people of
the world, i.e. the might of the champions and the right of kings and of the poets,
and of the brewys, i.e. equal honor-price had been given to them until honor-price
came to be given according to the Sciichu* to each person in proportion to his

wealth.

In the Senchus Jlor, &c., i.e. it mis so called from the great number of the
men of Erin who were at the making of it, and it was not in the Senchus Bee.*
It was established, i.e. was promulgated. Equal 'dire'-fine for a king
and a bishop, i.e, equal honor-price to the king of territories and the bishop, i.e.
of the church of a king of territories;" but the bishop has penance as excess.
Bishop, i.e. with a .sign or without a sign. = tni/ra^A^ ,<fr It- H> J.n,-i<+

The head of the written law, i.e. the chief professor who has the just rule
of the letter, or a man who perfectly tpt* the just rules of the letter, i.e. the 1
lector of the church "f the king of territories.

The chief poet. i.e. the learned poet who explains or exhibits the great ex-
tent of his knowledge (i.e. who test., his knowledge) by composing a quatrain
without thinking, i.e. without studying, i.e. the ' ollanih '-poet did this after his ap-
pointment by the king of territories.

44 -Senchuf 171 uji-

INTBODI-C- 1riDiu if DO cenDaib colla call, co fin'ouD flonDUD cfiie beof.
" N- Ocuf if anilaiD DO nicheji fon ; .1. m rein ODCID m pliD m Dume
anall ma Docum, no m caDbuji, DO gntD comfiuciDo foceeaifi DO
cenDaib a cnama, no a menman cen fquicain, ocuf if miale no
.rcanaD ocuf DO gniD. Ocuf if iafi nuapatmaife m fin ; ocuf ni
atnlaiD fon DO bin fua pacyxaic, ace DO beftCD m file aufclanD
fofif m colamn no foyif m cenD, ocuf f-.o finnaD a amm ocuf amm
a achafi ocuf a niaehafi, ocuf DO finnoD cac anpf DO cui|\cea
Cw cuice, co [eewo] nomaiDe 'jfo Dala no cfti ; ocuf if 'Cemm uae^a,

P 1 S , 'fc- uno if 1muf pofiofna ifin, afc if mariD m DO faillfijjcea cfteoca;

ocuf ba fam imofifio aiiiail DO gmcea ceccaji De, .1. fam cmel
nuDbaifcC DO gmcea oc ceccai\ De.

paqfiaic nnofijio an rjiei'oe fo o ncub plenaib, in
ran jio qaecfec, uaifi fiob amt>an, ayi m uenca 'Cemm Laega,
i"na linuf pojiofna, 5111 trebai^c DO Deib itiat ocaib. Hi heD Din
fofiacaib acu iafi fin m oca mbet UDbatyic DO Diabal, uaifi fiob
. 767. iDan [ma cejvo]. Ocuf fio facaib acu iaf. fin [Dicecal DO cenDaib,
a\\ if foyicfiaiD foif ocuf fixirjnan'iu foDefia f on fco lecei> DO naib
fileaDaib; ocuf] genelaige fefi n-Oiienn, aifci cac aificeDail,
joocuf Duili flnmnci, ocuf DUile feDa, ocuf gelugaD co laiDib, .1. Sti--
fecc caecar la hollamam, ocuf cfii caecac co let la hanfiuc,
occmogar; la cli, fefca la cana, caeca la DOf, cecp.aca la mac-

1 The poet tis< / /.> //'"<,. l/i.-s stuff. An example nf this kind of poetiral inspiration
is given in Cormac's Glossary, in voce Coin Breaiin, where- the blind poet, Lughaidh
Dall, is introduecd as ili-,oivi'ring the name of a certain lap-dot; by poetical inspi-
ration. The blind poet came to the estuary of Inbher Bece, near Rancor, and his
attendants finding the bare skull of a small animal upon the strand, asked the
poet, whose skull it was. He desired them to place the extremity of his wand upon
the skull, which being done, he said :

"The tempestuous waters, the waters of the vortex

" Destroyed Brecan : this is the skull of Brecan's lap-dog,

"And but little of greatness here remains,

" For Brecan and his people were drowned in the vortex."

2 A minute. T)e is in the original, but it is incorrect it should be cent) ; the
right reading is inserted from Cormac's Glossary, voce imbctf vop.ofna.

3 Two or three. In C., 7C7, the reading is, co -oe Jiniuf uel Tjuovvum uel C|xiutn '"
pluf rnniuf ue, i.e. for a*rrlmrte or two or three, more or h-.-s. ( '., 708-9, gives here

an instance of the kind of poetical incantation called Teinm Laegha, as performed by
the celebrated Finn mac Cumhaill. In Cormac's Glossary, voce 1mbaf voTXCfna,
the text is much better, thus, "co cetro nomcifoe no a TJO no a cfll," i.e. to the end
of a minute or two or three. In the latter work, the manner of performing the Imbas

SEKCIIUS MOR.

45

At this day it is by tbe ends of bis bones he effects it, and be dis- INTROIHTC
covers the name by tbis means. And tbe way in wbich it is done TU '- N ;

; s t iji s: Wben the poet sees the person or thing before him, he

makes a verse at once with tbe ends of bis fingers, or in his mind
without studying, and he composes and repeats at tbe same time.
And this is after tie reception of the New Testament; but tbis is
not the way it was done before Patrick's time, but the poet placed
his staff 1 upon the person's body or upon bis head, and found out
his name, and the name of his father aud mother, and discovered
every unknown thing that was proposed to him, in a minute 2 or two^ <tuy> '
or three ; 3 and this is Teinrn Laegba, or Imus Forosna, for tbe same
thing used to be revealed by means of them; but they were per-
formed after a different manner, i.e. a different kind of offering
was made at each.

But Patrick abolished these three things among tbe poets when
they believed, as they were {ttafano rites, for tbe Teium Laegha and
Iraus Forosna could not be performed by them without offering to
idol gods. He did not leave them after tbis any rite in wbich offering
should be made to tbe devil, for their profession was pure. And he
left them after this extemporaneous recital, because it was acquired
through great knowledge and application ; and also the registering of
the genealogies of the men of Erin, and the artistic rules of poetry,
and the Duili sloinnte, and Duili fedha, and story-telling with lays,
viz., the~~0liamh" with bis seven times fifty stories, the Anruth
with his thrice fifty and half fifty, the Cli with his eighty, the
Cana with bis sixty, tbe Dos with his fifty, the Mac-fuirmidh
with his forty, the Fochluc with his thirty, the Drisac with bis

forosna is described thus:" The poet discovers through it whatever he likes or de-
" sires to reveal. This is the way in which it is done : the poet chews a bit of the
" flesh of a red pig, or of a dog, or cat, and he conveys it afterwards to the flag behind
" the door, and pronounces an incantation on it, and < iff era it to idol gods, and
" he then invokes his idols ; and if he obtains not his desire on the day following, ho
" pronounces incantations over both his palms, and invokes again unto him his idol
" gods, in order that his sleep may not be interrupted ; and lie lays his two palms
" on his two cheeks, and falls asleep ; and he is watched, in order that no one may
" interrupt or disturb him, until every thing about which he is engaged is revealed
" to him, viz., in a minute or two or three, or as long as he was supposed to be at
" the offering ; and therefore it is called ' Imbas,' i.e. ' di bois uimme,' i.e. his
" two palms upon him, i.e. one palm over and the other hither on his checks.

" St. Patrick abolished this, and the Teinm Laeghdha, and he adjudged that
" whoever would practise them should have neither heaven nor earth, because it
" was renouncing baptism."

46 Senchtif tHu

/ k'fi 11 C

IXTRODUC- f tiifoniT>, qruca ta focluc, fice la -oftif ac, Tjec f ceoil ac m tamtim,

ON ' feet fceoil oc m oblaifie. T)o pftmifcela ocuf t>o fofcela ant)

fin. 1f iat mioftfio pyumfceil mtiifef ant>, .1. tojlct, octif tana,

octif tocmafica,/cata, ocuf tipxa, ocuf ifijala, faite, octif fefa,

j-ocuf fofibafa, eccfia, ocuf aroetia, octif aifigne.

1f iat na tana, .1. Cam bo Ctutilgne, octif Cam bo Regatmnn,
ocuf Cam bo plinaf, Cam bo "Oafcta'oa, Cam bo Pftaic, 7-0.1. 1f
iat na to^la, .1. Cfiecuatfvt tige btifiaTiaij, ocuf fnnitgat ri5,
"Ouniach, Co5ail tiji tlectam, octif OfunwiG T>aT>efi5, ocuf "Oacoc.
<1f iat na Cocmafica, .1. Coanayic TTIeitibi, Cotmiafic Otame,
CocmaftC 6irnifte, Connate Sainbe, mgrne Seifcrrm
CCilbe, Coctnafic pitiii ocuf "Oaip.me, Tja itijin Cuatbail,

1f iat na cata, .1. cat TTliiige 1ta, fiia pafirolon, octif cata
UemiiTi fie ponioficaib, ocuf cat Caillten, fie Clani>aib TTlilet),
if octif na cat TT1 11151 Ctufie, j]\l.

Ocuf bfieiT-benmuf pyieon a cofitif a cefitie, an'iail fto 5ab: "aft
a cet aji.^i^claif a;\,a Oft." Ro facaib mpn oc na fileT>aib;
ocuf a^ubaifit paqfiaic nac catu fofifosam Tioib a n-&i\mn m
can T>o^5nitif a r|\eiT)i fiemepefitai Tia cabaift,t T)Oib layuiin, afi if
10 fet l 1^ arl T 10 5abf at olT>af an fio tp.eicf et.

yOcuf T)O byviu^aT) oin-enajv cecaib, .1. cm T>iabat cocjtifa, ocuf ni
aca bif m cotjie aitificc, .1. oca bniujaT) if \:e\v(i naf in pep fo, .1. in
b)\iu5aT> oc ambt m coin-e amficc, .1. ica n-eip,nictie, ceca inroa, .1. in
'5" bn-tuga-D Leicecti, .1. "oa cec TIO cac cfiut) aici, cinmoca com ocf coxa, ocuf

ft^oa cec yen, 1 mbefaib mogaT) leif, ocuf if eifib T>iixenn,.

Oca mbi caif,e anfic, .1. aice feic bif in coiyie pn. puctiuf fon. a
y;abluib, no af a neifcicben. a nibioDa coin.1 "DO cacb, .1. if epTip in btini-
gaiT) lec-oec. Co na ctiocbtif cecnca, .1. co na cocuf oligcbec .1. nine

ocur cunu ocur bo cnebitta an-o rin oc in bniucaif) to commix m cain,e, na
- -

\)y'' ' Cuailgne. The Carlingford Mountains is the locality here indicated. Many

copies of this story are still extant. The cattle-spoil was taken in a ten years' war
between Connaught and Ulster in the first century. Copies of most of the other
stories referred to also still exist in the libraries of Trinity College, Dublin, and
the Royal Irish Academy.

2 Dachoc. The stories of the demolition of the forts of Daderg and Dachoc are still
extant. The locality of the former is Bolier-na l'.!vni,i, mi the Dodder, about six
miles from Dublin, and of the latter, Breen-more in Westmeath, near the Shannon,
and about six miles from Athlone.

3 Tuathdl. Mo.st of the stories here referred to arc still extant.
1 Mmjh Tuire. The stories hen- referred to are all extant.

5 If it has been sung (cifia cet.). The words in the text occur in H. 3, 18, 239, a
(C. 445), from which it appears that land having been walled or trenched by a
person, or the possession of it attributed to him by the pnets in tln-ir songs, was
legal evidence of his title. The following is the translation of gloss on the words

SENCIIUS MOR. 47

twenty, tlie Taman with his ten stories, and the C^laire, with IXTRODVO- IT/
his seven stories. These were the chief stories and the minor TIOV
stories. The chief stories which they repeated, treated of demoli-
tion*, cattle-spoils, courtships, battles, killings, combats, elopements,
feasts, encampments, adventures, tragedies, and plunderings.

The stories of cattle-spoils are the cattle-spoil of Cuailgne, 1 and
the cattle-spoil of Regamuin, and the cattle-spoil of Flidas, the
cattle-spoil of Dartadha, the cattle-spoil of Fraich, &c. The stories
of demolitions are the threefold assault on the house of Buradach,
:iml the burning of the house of Dumhach, the demolition of the
house of Nechtain, and the demolition of the fort of Derg, and of the
fort of Dachoc. 2

These are the stories of courtships : the courtship of Medhbh, the
courtship of Etain, the courtship of Emir, the courtship of Sadhbh,
daughter of Seiscinne; the courtship of Ailbhe, the courtship of
Fithir and Dairinn, two daughters of Tuathal, 3 &c.

These are the stories of battles: the battle of Magh Ithe, by
Partholan, and the battles of Neimhidh with the Fomorachs, and
the battle of Tailltin, by the sons of Milidh, and the two battles of
Magk Tuire, 4 etc. ^

And he left them also just judgment in right of their profession, &f C-'W
as we find : "M-it has been sung, 6 i~ r\|j has trenched, iCke has iS"n*o
walled." All these things were left to the poets ; and Patrick teM

thom4o rcoign whatever honour tlioytocoivca in Erin when they . ^

performed these three riles,^lor that what they received in lieu of (Acwlrf*** 1 Vt f*w
them, was better than what they abandoned.

And for the brewy who is paid 'dire' for his hundreds, i.e. he that
is without double wealth, and it is not he that has the ever-full caldron, i.e. there
is a brewy w ho is better than this man, i.e. the brewy who has the ever-full caldron,
i.e. he by. whom o hundreds bJfi are Iftpt. i.e. the brewy-' lethech,' i.e. he has
two hundred of each kind of cattle, ' -jLtyt dogs and cats, and two hundred men in
the condition of workmen, and it is in ri.u'ht of these he is paid ' dire.'

Who has the ever-full caldron, 6 i.e. it is he who luisthe caldron which truly
boils on its hooks, or out of which their proper shares of food are cut for all persons,
i.e. he is the brewy-' lethech.' And his lawful wealth, i c. the brewy bavin;,' his
lawful wealth, i.e. a pig, a sheep, and a ploughing ox for the use of the caldron, and the

dfva cec: " If it has been sun;,', i.e. during the time of six persons (six genera-
tions), i.e. if it has been sung to him through the composition of a poet, by parties
who knew equally well with himself."

6 The ever-full caldron. The ' coire ansic,' ever-full caldron, is referred to in
the story of the Battle of Magh Rath, in the publications of the Irish Archaeolo-
gical Society, p. ">1.

48 -Senchuf

VfT-/ INTRODUC- cn,i T>en.5 capna, ocup na tn,i b,uic [can,nu], ocup na cyn beo catina. No
co na cocup cechca, .1. an. n^cfpcayiaic cn.i hai^e bjxuiti atiT>, a Tjuuitn no a
O'D. 17 bom, co na tirntac TH paill no cajina.

i t'tf- l*77fc 1

CID ap, nibuT) ep,i timge narna DO bet anti? POUIC niceije leo-
pani oam no cap cup, cap, tia pep, T>ecc.
OTO m m 111 coipe ampic ?

Cai|ie T>le5ap, T>O beic pop, cine t>o siaef 071 cin-o cac
TIO mimic, .1. caifie anaific, m m T>O bewail inn no
af m-oigi, ocuf legaiT) m cac caiyie olcena; ap, cia beit a

co d T>am, m^coriliiaja caifiif (no a muj;a), ocuf rn
- at1T> T>0 byiuite ace T>aium na T>ainie, comt) af fio gaba^
a biai> coi|\ DO each ; aiiiait jio jab tai\ac no yiig, ocof efpoc, ocuy
; colpca oOageftna, cumn afiati, lef jitgna, cyioichec

ig, no canaip aificinnig [p 1 s] 7V^'- Mo, annpcc, .1. an,

); conac ficcuf, conach ciynni, ace mat) ptiucli DO
llo anpcuiche, .1. conu fcuiclnrhen T)ia jablaib. Mo unaific, .1.
cm bee co foea anT), m legent) co ci a

1 f a Sen chap ffl a\i con am up, .1. ip a Sen cap mop, \io caniaimpijeT),
no fio cocaimpije-o. CCn, na fiuccha niaich -oo utcc, .1. an. na fiuccha
aoiiaich, .1. enectann mon. T>on ri Titigep eneclann beg; no mate eneclamni
oo ulc T>on ci na TilipT) enectann ; no T>in,i moin, T>O pen,pain -oepoeit. JXc-
Ocup otc t>o maich, .1. enrctann be5 T)on ci Tiligip etiectanti mon,; no
t Cfrft ? ^ c ^ e ^ ca ellec ^ arlrl ^o TICHC, T>un ci -oil gup eneclann ; .1. tic epc, " a\\ ip

fo j;nittiaib miTiicen, "Oia po)\ T)Uine," CTO Tiono an, nab fo j;nimaib no mep-
_ %d, ' jy emnai gcefi T)Uine pon, a^atle von innup pin.

, ~~) 1p a Sen chap TITIan, fio aii\lecha, .1. ip a Sencap man, fio hen,-

(,'*' uluaine-6 na ceic^i n.iajta po: Cam tan,n,aiT), J. fiiajait tialian,pxroa

DO bep,un. teipm lenum. Cum paep,p,ich, .1. juajail in pacha paiv.-
Cain at ct Mn e, -i- fiiajail uctt ceitpine inn T)aen,|iuic. Cam Ian am n a
''' jocechca, .1. n,ia5ail m tanamnu T)li5chi5, .1. ni cechca cm \io but.

C 771 CCpT>uT> caich hi cofiuib bel, .1. in cuice'6 Lebajx [no Cain bepccna]

1 Meat. He should have tlirue kinds of meat raw, three kinds always hoiled, and
three living animals of different kinds fit to be killed.

- Haunch fur Ike kiiuj. See the account of the different joints served in the
banqueting hall at Tara, in Petrie's Antiquities of Tara Hill, p. 11)9. For some
legendary notices of the ' caire ainsic,' see Fledh Duin na ngedh, in the Battle of Magh
Rath, p. 51. In C. 771, a somewhat similar account is given of this caldron:
Cain.1 aipic, .1. caipic app an TJO beyian. inn uite, ocup m cetc mu'oa ann,
cia beic co cerni nibliaTina mn, la pn, in ci ipu cai|ie, i.e. 'caire aisic,' i.e. it
disgorges or returns back from it all that "is put into it, and no waste is caused,
though " it (the food) should remain in it to the end of a year, on account of the
truth of " the person whose caldron it is." See also C. 1554.

SENCHUS MOR. 49

three kinds o/raw meat, the three kinds o/"boiled meat, and the three kinds o/live IXTRODUC-
meat. 1 Or it is with its legitimate wealth, i.e. that three boiled joints may always TIOS.
be in it, i.e. of the ox or the cow, with the accompaniments of fat or lean.

Why should it be three joints only that ought to be in it? Be-
cause there never goes to be entertained by them a party or company
exceeding twelve men.

What is the ever-full caldron ? Answer. A caldron which should
be always kept on the fire for every party that should arrive, i.e.
the acet-foll caldron, i.e. that which returns in a perfect state what-
ever is put into it, while every other caldron would dissolve it ; for
although the share of food sufficient for a company should remain in
it till their arrival, it would noithor iitoroase (nor be wasted), and
there would not be more found boiled than what would be sufficient
for the company, and his own proper kind of food iff got out of it
for each person : as, for example, the haunch for the king, 2 bishop,
and literary doctor ; a leg for the young chief, the heads for the
charioteers, a steak for a queen, a 'croichet' for a king opposed in nif** *
his government, or a tanist of a-uiouacch, <ic. Or, 'annsic,' i.e. 'an,' a
negative ; it is not ' siccus,' dry, but always wet. Or, ' anscuithe,'
i.e. that which is not removed oft' its hooks. Or, ' anaisic,' i.e.
though long it (the meat) should be there, it does not dissolve until
the class of persons for whom it is intended arrive.

In the Senchus it was provided, i.e. it is in the Senchus it was fixed or
settled. That good should not be assigned to bad, i.e. that good should
not be given, i.e. that a large honor-price should not be given to the person to
whom only small honor-price is due ; or a good honor-price to a bad man, i.e.
to a man to whom honor-price is not due; or a great 'dire'-fine, to an unimport- ->

ant person. Kor bad to good, i.e. a small honor-price to the person to whom '/r, iff ,J{jA,
large honor-price is due; fi r fvtry hi'mr-pri"? it pri! 3 to the good, i.e. to the
person to whom honor-price is due; for example, "because it is according to his
deeds God judges man," why then should it not be according to his deeds that one
man should judge another in like manner.

In the Senchus Mor were promulgated the four laics, i.e. in the
Senchus Blor were promulgated these four rules: The law of fosterage, i.e.
the rule of the price of fosterage which is given with the child. The law relat-
ing to free tenants, i.e. the rule of free stock. The law relating to base
tenants, i.e. the rule of the choice of tenancy in the case of the base tenant. The
law of social relationship, i.e. the rule of social relationship lawfully consti-
tuted, i.e. it was not lawful previously. The binding of all by verbal con- ..,
tract, i.e. the fifth book, or Cain Bescna, i.e. the binding of every one to the thing

' Every honor-price is evil, i.e. if a good man, to whom honor-price is due, is
killed, no ' eric'-fiue can compensate for his death.

E

50 Senchur

IXTRODIJC- .,. apcat> caich if 111 m fiipe cue cn,ebuip.i co coin. o belatb, [.1.] con, Tin
yoconn co pp ocup cp.ebain.1, ' ay-cat) ain. in neich fiiy a cabmn, cn.ebuin.e

co coin. 6 belaib; no cuin,a-p nee UOT>, [.i.] na ceicjxi eabayiea; no cain,ipm
DO each T>ib ipm con, fio Id o belaib, .1. mac oc in aicci, na 7>a Ceitt oc na
/platcib, m ben ac in pn.. CC-|an,o bui m bior.h i mbailiuch mam
aftcnci-p TIC. .1. an. yiobui cun. ba elo-oac a ba, n tiimf, nf in nibic mam
cij^ca T>CI apca-6 i nech yiiy a cue cyiebaifve co coin o belaib, no fio
ua7> o belaib, 111 cabaii\c.

ceofia a^mpt^a unbi bailecach m birli : ]\e
'Dumeba'D, cuqictclilm cocca, puaphicaT) co]i
tnbet.

CCcdic ceorva aim^eifxa inibi bailecach in bicli, .1. acaic cpi

Cjt !Jl I- J.t . ^ T %uc ' la " le lncro elo'Dach a ba (.1. a inaic), o neoch ipn nibif, .1. acatc

ceon,a hinba-DOD, no oca cjieiTje 1 naim^ep,aib, i mbi 1ielo7>acn a maic o luce

ij-in beca. 1ye cn,eiT>i elaf uanaib 1^ na cn.1 ainrpejxaiB, .1. a iroaine, ocuy a

n-tnt>ile, ocu^an-mT>i\ucuy. Tie chuaific TiuinebaT), .1. baat> eipilcm

an. na Tiaini hi cae uin,-o na jie, .1. cuaipx |ie, .1. nmcell fie, .1. amuil |io

bui m buiT>e Connaill, no in mo^tlac mumcin.e Pap,colam, .1. ariiml

Soyxca, no amuil soiycejnsabala, .1. nibri-o na mjainp. T^uariach lia

ncocca .1. 1^ e cuan. no can, iy< lia biy aca coca-o; [no] con.a-0 lia, .1. lm,

tmac, i| e tmac coccm .1. imbeich cocca, i*p e cofiaT) i-p lia an-o; no ip

cuan, nniT)ligiT), no cocat> bi|^ an-o, co coipcenT) 111 -p.1 iac ; tic efc "ban.i\

i:laca oy cac."

FuaflucaT) con, mbel, .1. uacuay-luca-6 m neich -n.iy-1 cuca* criebuiixi
ifco coin, o belaib', no cuin.ip nech uaT>a, m cabaiyic .1. a pna ocu^ a nemai-
ciciu, cona bee/ cipimiuy vonuaplaicchen; a'|V eicin.

CCcccac a qu noT>a icac, 'Oechma'Da, ocuf pjUTnia, ocnr-
almrana, a|\O5ai|iec \ie cuatfic 'Duineba'D, qiaechat*
caifiT)e ta fiij; ocup ruaich, a|^a^a1J^ cuafiarhlm coccha.
> CCfcaT) caich in focliaji ocu]- ma T>ochup, afigaip, bail-
mch m becha.

T1CC C111C ^r 10 c^ caichmeclica la peine, cm fio
: cop, mo^a cen a ptaich, cop, manaig cen apaiT),

1 Destruction of the people. In O'D. 18, the reading is oumeba'6 .1. t>ibat> na
nT>ame .1. m camlacc, m cn,eT>uic, no m buit>e cunnull, i.e. ' Duinebadh,' i.e.
the carrying off of the people, i.e. the dysentery (flava icteritia), or the Buidhe
Chunnall.

2 Barrjiatha as each This must have been the title or beginning of some tract,
exemplifying the prerogatives of a king.

SENCHUS MOR. 51

for which he has properly given security by word of month, i.e. the contract of two IXTRODUC-
sensible adults with knowledge of all the circumstances and security, i.e. he is bound TIOX.
as to the thing for which he has properly given security by word of mouth ; or,
which one gives away, suck as the four gifts; or, each party is to abide by the
contract which he made by word of mouth, i.e. a boy with the foster-father, the two
kinds ../"tenants with the chieftains, the wife with the husband. For the world
would be in a state of confusion if verbal contracts were not bind-
ing, i.e. for it would happen that its worth, i.e. its goodness would depart from the
world if a person was not bound to the thing for which he gave security properly
by word of mouth, or that which he gave away by word of mouth, i.e. the gift.

There are three periods at which the world die*: fe

')) t2-\

the period of "a plague, of a general war, of the fj
dissolution of verbal contracts.

There are three periods at which the world dies, i.e. there are par-
ticular times in which its worth, (i.e. its goodness) departs from every one in the
world, i.e. there are three periods, or three things in t^e times, in which their
goodness departs from the people of the world. The three things^which depart from
them in these three times are their people, their cattle, and then- worthiness. The
period of a plague, i.e. destructive plague on the people in the course of the
tiini'. i.e. 'cuairt-re,' i.e a circle of time, i.e. such as was the Buidhe Connaill, or
the mortality of the people of Partholan, i.e. such as a famine, or ' goiste ngabhala,'
i.e. destruction of the people. 1 General war ('tuarath lia coctha'), i.e. the evil
omen or disgrace that prevails most in war; or, ' toradh lia,' i.e. 'lia,' much, i.e.
much war, i.e- prevalence of war is the fruit that most exists in it ; or it is a
prognostic of illegality, or of war that exists, until the king checks them; for
example, 'Barr flatha os each,"- i.e. the superiority of a chief over all.

The dissolution of verbal contracts, i.e. going back of the thing for

which security was properly given by word of mouth, or of the gift which one has . .

given away, i.e. denying it, or not acknowledging it, or setting it aside in anyway & %(/ Iff W fa> (M>

Whatsoever, as by force. u fc/4/^r flWfJWUr \Jt U

There are three things which are paid, n'j., tythes
and first-fruits, and alms, which prevent the period of
a plague, and the suspension of amity between a king
and the country, and which also prevent the occur-
rence of a general Avar.

The binding of all to their good and bad contracts
prevents the lawlessness of the world.

Except the five contracts which are dissolved by the
Feini, even though they be perfected : the contract
of a labourer without his efeef, the contract of a
monk without his abbot, the contract of the son

52 Sending TTIofi.

cop, meic beoortmfi cen ccrhatji noca, co]i T)jxinc1i no
rnqie, cop, mncc fecn a ceibi.

Olcena aqrtnceji ctuji bel atnail cfOfio'Oa'O (Toum in
atbach m bich uile a.]\ aen ubatl.

< CCacac a cp.1, .1. cp,ejbaip,e icup pin, no t.p,i ep,naile icup pin, .1.
IOT; pin na rjp,i iieicni ac ic aen neicn. "Oeclimccoa, -i- co cinniuT>.
, miti, .1. copach gabalacach nuarop,aiT>, .1. cacn cec lae , ocup rue cec nan,

ocupcac^i cuipmi-p ac neoch. (Clmpana, .1. cm CUTDITO, no almpana, -i.
ailim ipon ; no aitiD in 'com on c-pon, ocup noco npuit cinnet) an, m almpam

10 "DO |iein. TilijiT), ac aiiiuit aptai^pep "Dia a cabanx. ll^^ainec |ie
cuaip-c -oumehaT), .1. uyijaipc pin co na bia baa7> eipitnn cqx na
oamaib, 1 cae uii\T> na \ie- "Dumeba'D, .1. ariiait goixcai. 'Cn.aecha'o
caiTXT)e ta ^115 ocup cuaich, o. cjienaiteT) no cn,eni;inia]xcain na
cuac T)0n 1115 fo pmacc cana no caiii-oe, uc epc "cacn cm-o a ctiinnyiech."

ly CCn-asain, cuan,achtia coccha, .1. au^saiine conac e cuap. no cap, ip
tia ann cocai) o hec pin aiTo, .1. T>icup, na caft ocup no coiigat-

caich ma f o c h a p, o c u p- ma oochup,, .1. CIT> icip, r>a
ylan, CITJ icip, "Da paen,, CTO icip, 7>a poconn no puapnuij; cuip, ip papcaij^e.
^ Socnap, .1. cop, comloige. "Oochup,, .i. x nacn pochonT) up^m-ocap,
*f' io dpaicuiT>? -1. 'Diubap.ea pepu 1)1 ocup cp.ebaipe. CCp,5aip. bailiuch in
1X.1JIII>. uecha, .1. a up,5atp,e conac ela-oac a ba a mair, c/p m bic 1 nibia pm.

7 CCcnc na cuic cup,u aca caichmechca ta pem e, .1. mge an,
ace, oca ace lium ant>; ace na cuic cuip, caicnmichep, -DO p,eip, m peme-
chaip v Ciaponaipccep,iac ipam tiuni ocupna cuip, TjtigtJgcTKt p,omamiiji. '
i.fap,riahuilibcop,aibipeaienniii5ehe,no vecap.'DO'^aic'biucn. Cia p,o nap-

TT ii.it Zff' acap^ ugrp^noca eaicmicep, iaepa p De,'~^oTfrm 050, .1. vm'rj'P- no pen-

cleici, .1. oaip,. Cen "a^vTST^"^- ap, aip,T>, .1. a plaic cic fo copmb.
Cop, manaig, .1. -oaepmanaij. Cen apcu T>, .1. an, aip/o, .1. m cap cic
po cop,aib. Cop, meic beoacTiap, .1. 111 cacnaip, cic po con,aib, era
/. itifro^ ^><>5Op, CVD mgop,, cmmoca in mac paejxleicci. Cen achai p, -i- T>o bee ap,
aipT>. (C op, T)p,u 1C h, .1. co p,ae, .1. pep. ommic. 11 o m 1 p, e, .1. cen p.acn,
.i.m ben mep,. Cop, mna pecna ceijli, .1. in a'oalcp.ac cen clamnsii.
ache cuic cupu -po ceip/o peca pep, oca cop,e, '.1. apeairliep,nacuip,cuip,ipnet}i
co coip, o belaib uile cena. Ocup ip e cuir*m olcenu, uatp, cuip, Tjligcheca

1 Of any sensible adult of whom his fraud is Jcnnien. The Irish for these words, in
the original, occurs after cop. comloige, but appears to have been misplaced.

2 Except the fire contracts which an t/itmilnil //// tin- t'tinl. In the original copy
there is the following in the margin opposite this paragraph : Cuip, Tjli^ehcapo
anuaf, cuip, inT>li5ceca -po pf "The foregoing are lawful contracts, those
which follow are unlawful."

8 Monk. The monk here referred to was not a monk in the strict sense of the
word, but a tenant holding ecclesiastical lands under the abbot or bishop.

SENCHUS MOB. 53

of a living father without the father, the contract of a i NT Rom-c-
fool or mad woman, the contract of a woman without TIOX ;
her man.

In like manner are fixed the contract by word of
mouth, as Adam was condemned for his red fraud:
.all the world died for the one apple.

There are three things, i.e. three individuals pay them, or three classes pay
them, i.e. these are the three things which pay one thine;. Ty thes, i.e. with limi-
tation. First-fruits, i.e. the first of the gathering of each new fruit, i.e. every first
calf, and every first lamb, and every thing that is first born to a man. Alms, i.e.

without limitation; or charity, i.e. 'ailim son,' I beseech prosperity, or bwd^w.it Mi.
rti"iiTvpi pronpority ; and there is no limitation of the alms according to law, but as
Go 1 raquiws them to be given. Which prevent the period of a plague,
i.e. they prevent that a plague or carrying off of the people should take its course!
I'lague, i.e. such as follows famine. The suspension of amity between a
king and the country, i.e. the mighty subjugation, or the forcible reduction,
of the territories by the king under the sway of law or amity, as exemplified in
"every head 'K eunw4we." Which prevent the occurrence of a general
war, i.e. which prevent the existence of war from being the prevailing evil omen
or disgrace, i.e. which remove the battles and the conflicts.

The binding of all to their good and bad contracts, i.e. whether
between two exempt persons, or two free persons, or between two sensible adults
the dispute should arise, contracts are binding. A good contract-i.e. a con-

tr ^ w '^n4i!}i<v^, is rivcn - K &k!rvi : &k2' < '' tv -' inv 2H5Ji2*&&*

wflftm hiTfruid iiiTftriXrii,! i. e . frondiiE^fQwSSSaft of the ojreum^a^es and of
the security. Prevents the lawlessness of the world, i.e. it prevents
its goodness from abandoning the world in which it exi-t-.

Except the five contracts which are dissolved by the Feini, 2 i.e.
Mnge' signifies except, I make an exception here ; except the five contracts which
are dissolved according to the Fenechus, Though they are perfected, I consider
them different from the lawful contracts mentioned before, i.e. I rank them among
the general contracts which may.be. riwnlyed, or which may be set aside. Even ftfj
though they be perfected, i.e. for they (perfected contracts) cannot be dis-
solved. The contract of a labourer, i.e. a 'fuidhir' or a 'senchleithe,' i.e.
serfs. Without his chief, i.e. being present, i.e. his chief impugns the contract.
The contract of a monk, 3 i.e. a base" tenant of ecclesiastical lands. Without a r r
his abbot, i.e. being present, i.e. the abbot impugns the contract. The con- manach.
tract of the son of a living father, i.e. the father opposes the contract,
whether the son be obodiant or ttwaluaWrTit, except in the, case of the emancipated
son. Without the father, i.e. being present. The contract of a fool, i.e.,
one who can do work, i.e. a male fool. Or mad woman, i.e. one who cannot
do work, i.e. a female lunatic. The contract of a woman without her man,
i.e. a concubine without children, i.e. except the five contracts which she makes
independently of the man with whom she live,", and which are proper, i.e. the

54 Senchup

(/ T^ &3

" 2- INTRODUC- jiorncnnn. CCmait aT>n.o7>a'o CCT>ti m, .1. am ait t>o fio on cinder) CCoam
TION. pafca-o ma Tjiupaipx co t>einiin. 1n oen.b-oiubaip.c, -1- T>en,i; each nom
cac nmT>li5C6c ; no t>ep,5 each nom T>eotaiT>. 1C c b a t i n b 1 c h u 1 1 e a p,
aen ubatl, .1. -DO eiptep-ain. in bit uili an, in aen abaill, an, an aen
ubuU, no an, inaen -oon abailtttnan, gabufcain, &ba eill, no iman.
. eitl &ba.

Cfcac ceicheojia fabaiti cuaice nota ne
1 mbecaib : luggub^ecach, epfcop caifteTHXch, pile T)iub-

ajicach, ai|ie eipiTDjiaic'TiaT) oigeca mamu,

ceji Doib T>ifie.

CCcac cetcheon,a ^abait) cuaice, .i.ceicp,i yapuiT) me, no co iToen,-
nac |xs; no a ceicn,i no co n-oefinac yx> t|- in cuaic na T>ipxui5enT) ^o no na ? = <v
oeyioligenT), -1. ceicfn ^apuiT) ica;, no ceitp,i cn.iuni. 1n 1115 a J^c eneclann
e^bu^ uar>a T)ia nT>ep,na maic T>m cochu]^; uile miun,p,o epbup on v'teT>

/Focuyon eypoc, cict'Do^niacmaic'Diacochuj^. "Deyyiuiclieclian, i mbe-

caib, .1- mbecaib co mbic ici]\ becaib T>e, .1. bee na yiei lajx-pa iToenat; ^m ;

no 1-p bee na neici cn,iay oca T>oib pn. Ri 5 5iibp.ecacTi, .1. fO]\ a ceiliu y

C*4 beip-ey^ bn,eca gua; CIT> im tu, CTO im cteici, iy> comTnoix T>O m eiyinni\aic

t>e. Opycop cui-pleT>ach, .1. 1 mbfieicin., .1. coai^ple'oac'h a-oae/a gae 7W/

nfoi co hi^eL oc (roatcjwtpi no at>ae, a otc, no niyligenn ; cuiyLm'D m T>ae
in olc- Ptie "Diuban,cach, -1. un,am epeyvcach beiyxey oiubain.c at>b . IT a <^y
eiben,cech, .1- cutti^i^ ni. CCi|ie ei^pimjiaaic, -t. gp-aiT) ptata, .1- cipe
T>ib T>O ni gaic ocuy bn,aic, .1. ay* arrtnjiacap. t3aT> oigec a mamu >
otegaic T>oib -oiyie, .1. m d T>ib pn na comoigenn a moamujaT) no a

i^5p.enn otigiT), nocu T>Li5enn ^e enectann, .1. noca 131,1511111 Wfie enectamni
oo co comlxin m mama no'ooij- ci. 7/f ^(t. ta

O'D.20 21. ["Oia mbe irinyiucuf ocuf cochu^ cu tnaic T>O Tienutn tub, iy
Ian einecluriT) o]i|iut). Tf\cm inni\ucuf cm cochuf, ocuf maicli
DO T>enuTD -oe, af let eneclturo in 5iiaiT) af 5i\im gabuf . TTlat)
soinnfiucuf ocuf cochu^ cm march -oo oenum t)iub, if fgiaebult
nania ofi^ui). ITlai) coctiuf cm mnp,uctif nama, ocuf tnaich -oo
oenum T>e, af tec emeclun-o nono beof . Cm mtiiiucuy oono cm
, TIO befiu-p, fjfiebull ai^ae, uafp, cia bee cochuf occa nt
emectunt) TIO muna T>ena niaich ne.

1 Eve. ^This is an attempt to derive ' uball,' an apple, from ' eba eiH,' Eve
corrupting.

2 Due to these. This text is fuller in C. 1130, and K.I.A. 35, 5, 48, b. Both
copies add here : for a kiiif; is bound to observe truth, a bishop is bound to observe
purity, every poet is bound to reject lies from his compositions, a chief is bound to
observe uprightness.

3 Dae. This is a play on the word ' dae,' which has several meanings.

SENCHUS MOK. 55

contracts which a person makes properly by word of mouth are likewise binding. ISTRODUC-
The force of the " in like manner" is, because the contracts before mentioned are TIOX.
lawful. As Adam was condemned, i.e. as Adam was adjudged to be bound
by his fraud indeed. For his red fraud, i.e. 'derg' means every thing Womrr 7H/Jr w
or unlawful; or. 'derg,' every bloody wicked thing. All the world died for
the one apple, i.e. all the world became subject to death on account of the one
apple, i.e. one of the apples of the tree; or for one 'abaitt,' n/)/fe, on account
of which 'Cba eiM,' Eve contracted corruption, or 'eiU, &ba,' corruption
1 on Eve. 1

There are four dignitaries of a territory who may
be degraded : a false-judging king, a stumbling bishop,
a fraudulent poet, an unworthy chieftain who does not
fulfil his duties. ' Dire'-fine is not clue to these. 2

There are four dignitaries of a territory, i.e. they are four dignitaries
until they commit thet-e crimes ; or, they are four dignitaries until they commit
.rimes in the territory which lowers or degrades them. i.e. they are four dignitaries
or four mighty men. The king loses nn!;/ half his honor- price if he does good with
his property; but the poet and the bHiop lo>c all, even though they do good with
their property. Who may be degraded, i.e. so that they are among small
people in consequence, i.e.. small are the^ iU'tur committing these ; or small are the
things through which this happens to them. A false judging king, i.e. one
whi pronounces false sentences on his tenants, whether it be concerning a small
thing or a large, it makes him equally unworthy. A stumbling bishop, i e. in
word, i.e. stumbling ( toaisleilech,') he placet his hand ('dae')' et penem (' gae')
low under him in committing adultery; or, his wickedness (' dae') lowers him ; i.e. the
man falls into evil ('dae'). A fraudulent poet, i.e. who demands an exorbitant
or fraudulent reward for bis composition. An unworthy chief, i.e. one of the
chieftain grade, i.e, whichever of them commit- theft or plunder loses his worthi-
ne-s. AVlio does not fulfil his duties. 'Dire'-fine is not due to these,
i.e. the person among them who does not fulfil his duty or his lawful engagements
is not entitled to honor-price, i.e. there is not full honor-price in consequence of
the duty which he does not perform. fflfwjLr Hfl Vita ' T&tt/ '

If they have worthiness and property with which they do good,
they have full honor-price because of them. If they have worthi-
ness without property and do good, it is one-half the honor-price of
the grade to which they have a claim. If they have worthiness and
property and do not good with it, there shall be only one 'screpall'
for them. If they have property only without worthiness, and that
good be done with it, it insures halt honor-price only. Should they
have worthiness alone without property, one ' screpall' shall be given
for it, and should a person have property it shall not increase his
honor-price unless he do good with it.

56 Senctnip

ISTRODUC- ^ubfveiceniTiuf, OCU T Stipieronuift, ocuf gtifoifijitt, ocuf
aichij;uf, ocuf jueceixef, ocuf gucuafdifmt, ocuf

ocuf gueefcuf , ocuf rmfocut ocuf mtfjet, ocuf echuch 1 coiccenn,
Octuif ocf euach, a tec emectunTj T>ibuf umpu cadi erxnuit
fyuf met fyuf 1 n-oenun-o in cotcc cu fiice m ciief fecc, ocuf
TII TDiubunn umie pp.1 jach naon cena cu rxuice m r\\e\- peer, ocuy
cefbuit) imorirxo a tech einectuiro pfit each iri]i on cfief pechc
amach. Re Diiine eite T>iubtif m teceinecttiiro ; ocuf tan eine-
ctunT) atec T\if pen, no fietf mci pfiif i nt>eminn in pojutt.

C. 1130. ,, [-Qta ntienaiT) gate, no] 501: T>ichef> a ci each syiaiT), no a bee
ann T>O grief, ocuf f.ett ocuf fingat ocuf T)tnnecai5e, a tan eine-
ctunn T)ibuf inme each erxntnt T>ib fo cecoii\.

C t$ 3f CCuficuimne no auincuiT>beT> imo^iio mi bmt) ocuf fotxtofccrm,

ocuf byiach ocuf farvuijti, ocuf ^um crie efcce, ocuf jac no

i<tienuni amtuch, ocuf pf a coiiii\amne, ocuf a cimnriuiT), ocuf a

aiTiicut) amtuch ; a tecemectunn mbuf umie cacha efintnle Tjiubfin

prvi gac aen cena cu txuice m cyief fecc. CC tan emectunn unorifto

Tiibuf ffti gac aon icifi on cfief fecc amach, cmmocha jfiatia

Gcutfa. TDaf) iaT)faiT)e nnofirio T)O5ne if a tan emtctunn T)ibuf

l^umpu foceroqi, cu^xu icuic, ocuf cufcu penmc, ocuf cujiu mnfgu-

chuic griati. Ocuf tiono f.on COITX cecna cii> atiutcrxuf TDO 5nec.

*Oia mjenuc gum, no fett f.or\ con,puib no cottuib, pngat no
Dumecaige, no ecech -oaime, no a-outcfiuf no gTurmnb Gcuitfi,
iT) a tan tog einec lumput) fo cecoift, euftu icuic, ociif
pmnec na gtxaDa Gcuitfi, ocuf fio fochut na jtxatia cerna
cmmocha m c Gfpoc, m fioichfiT>e ace aibtecceoi^ ; no cum an
efpucc 0151 na rioifet) a jftaT) no a 0151 T>ofuT>ift ; ocuf fio f oirh
efpucc enf eicche 'f eicchiy .1. aichfiige aft, cfiefi -DO m feic.

1 Except the Bishop. As to difficulty of attaining former dignity there is the
following Canon Patrlcii: " Patricius Episcopus dicit. Qui sub gradu peccat
" debet excommunicari quia magna est dignitaa hujus nominis: tanion potest
"redimere animam suam post p.tnitentiam : ad priorem grailum venire dillicilo.
" Nescio an non. Deus scit." Canomtm tttulorum, Ixvi. in Bibliotheca Cottoniana.

SENCHl'S MOK. 57

Fake judgment, and false witness, and false testimony, and frau- LNTROTH-O
dulent security, and fraudulent -fO4gig, and false proof, and false
information, and false character-giving, and bad word, and bad
story, and lying in general, whether in the case of the church or the
laity every one of these 4spwww tfcfr-U-wlu>-W-gB% ef-snrh
qf half his honor-price up to the third time, but it does not deprive
him with regard to every one of them until the third time, and it
-Utfi&aw&y even this half honor-price faon every one from the third
time out. And he may lose this half honor-price by a different
person ; and he thus loses full honor-price with respect to the latter
person, or with respect to the person against whom he-feg^ commit/^ -S
the first injury.

Theft, or eating stolen food in the house of one of any grade, or
having stolen food in it constantly, and treachery and fratricide, and
sec.-ct murder each of these deprives a person of his full honor-
price at once.

Refusing to give food, and burning, and betraying, and vio-
lating, and wounding -*ith n wanpun, and committing theft in
another territory, or having knowledge of its division amonj tie
thieves, or of the way it was obtained, or of its having been received
from another territory every one of these acts deprives a person in
every instance of half his honor-price until it is committed the third
time. But the full honor-price is taken away from the third time
out, except among the grades of the church. If they commit it, it
takes away their full honor-price from them at once until they pay
'eric'-fint, and do penance, and move from their grade. And they
must be similarly punished if they have committed adultery.

Inflicting wounds, or committing acts of treachery, upon bodies or
persons, or fratricide, or secret murder, or refusing to entertain a com-
pany, or adultery, if it be committed by any one of an ecclesiastical
grade, deprives such ecclesiastical orders of full honor-price at once
until they pay ' eric-fne, and do penance ; and they all return to
their former dignities except the bishop, 1 who does not return, but
becomes a hermit j or, according to others, it is the virgin bishop only
who does not recover his grade or his perfection again ; the bishop
of one wife does return, i.e. when he performs penance within
three days.

See also Villaneuva, p. 158. According to these Laws he could not return to his
dignity <>f Li-lu-p, but he might attain to a "higher grade," that is, that o{
Btthfflteoir, 1 i.e. thaumaturg or miracle worker, either as a hermit or a pilgrim.

58 -Beuclmr tlloji.

IN-TRODUC- 1i jug a tecemectunn ce^buf uatia T>ia nuejina match T)ia
TOchuf ; inte unofifio ej-pur on Gy-poc ocuf on ptef>, cia -DogTiec
niuic t>a coding.

11(i 5fiat>a ruairhe itnojifio fio foicec na 5i\t>a cerna, -om

yeofvtnorofec peb ; cete ce-pbait) T>O cadi jiuro ma iiaite o clia 1115

511 ixuige aifie icifi -oa eiyxij. CC fecc DO p,i. SamaifCT)O occeiv-i5-

, O'A- &1I> b T) bo ' e '1 u - CClt r e ^ aT>m, no i\urh, no ereiiif, no gupaT)-

iitiifi, no 511^0111511111, no subfieiceninuf, no jinnrf, no gtnn

y iiiT5ili^, no po[ttofccoc6, ma n-oenirc c |?a cfii, riiorrliaiti a tog

loeinech itmpu. CCTtutciiuf imo^yio, no retT 1:011 coibDeLmcTi 730

each aen cena, if munn oeuf m c-eipnuiiucui' tm

1m "caince itnop,|io, ocuf qaecha cotccmna, ocuf jona,
fcoitce, ocuf coittce iiechcse, ocuf bain-benneanna c^e p,opach,
ocuf T>ebcha comaitcefa, cm ai\ aon tuf T>O gnecuii, m
if a tan emectunn iiini nech, cuneyita T)ti5er) umptiT), accutn
nania; in gutn, 111 cfiech if ununt aT>atciauf

1n ite Tjono cunnuiT) i?op.cjxurD Tjuaip, no acixay in met) na
otijenn, no t>o m aifi inT)ti5cech, af a tecemectunn T^buy tunic
each efinuit -omb i?fii 506 aon co yiuice m rjxef ^ecc, ocuf a tan
10 emectunn 11110111x0 on cyief pecc amach.

1TlaT> 511111, no saic, no echuch, no aT>utq\tif , 1)05116 e-ppuc, no
aiixcmT)ech -DO nach mii-p, aDutriaui 1 , m ^oichec in sixaiia cecna,
ce pniT>e, 110 cc i-'ixca; no cuma'D Oi-ptic otje na iioifet>; ocuf 110
foich ei^puc aonvecce ma m aich^ise aix ri\eip. 1HaT> 511^0111-
no 5iipa-Dninfi, no gnbfieicemniif, no attfeT) na-om, no
110 5ceiTUf , i\o ^oich m 5ixat> cecna, ace cu^o pemne,
ocuf cuiau ei^ce vo mec m cmuit>; ocuf ma ni>e]anuc mnfcuchat),
an 5iiat>a bef aiiiT>e.

C / Sf 37 Ocuf afe an inT)vciichaT) f o m ipeix tesinn t)o T>ut a nefpucoit>ec,

m cei^puc T>O -out m aibitceoiiiacc no mDeojxuigecc X)e;

1 Tenant, i.e. the lowest chief has a tenant less than the chief next above him
in point of rank, ami thus the seven grades of lay chieftains gradually rise above
each other up to the king, the higher chief having one tenant more than the chief
immediately below him.

SENCHUS MOK. 59

The king after committing these crimes is deprived of half his honor- INTUOIH r-
price if he does good with his property; but the bishop and the poet
arc deprived of all their honor-price, even though they should do
good with their property.

The lay grades resume the same dignities, if their property on
which their qualifications are founded increases ; every grade of
chit/tains from the king down to the Aire-itir-da-aire lessens by
one tenant. 1 Seven to the king. T ^ re j s a heifer to the Og-aire,

a cow to the Bo-aire, If they arc guilty ef violation of a contract &M*C< t>. s* . tjS~3ts 7 *,K.
or guaranty, orsrefetyf or of false witness, or false testimony, or false
judgment, or false arbitration, or unlawful wounding, or burning,
three times, it deprives them of their honor-price. And adultery, or
cohabiting with a kinswoman is in the case of every one, (lay or
ecclesiastic) equal to unfaithfulness in word. ^

AS t.n satirizing, and general plundering, and wounding, and break-
ing and violating the law, and inflicting a white wound by striking,
and quarrels of neighbour*, though done intentionally, they do not
deprive any one of his full honor-price, until he evades the law with
respect to them, except the grades of the church alone, in whom
wounding and plundering are punished like adultery.

The poet who demands an excessive reward, or claims an amount to

which he is not entitled, or who composes unlawful satire, is deprived

of half his honor-price for each of them until committed the third

time, and of his full honor-price from the third time out.

If wounding,* or theft, or lying, or adultery be committed by a

bishop, or by a Herenach to whom marriage" is not allowed, they shall a lr. Adul-

not resume the same dignities, even though they do penance and e>

pay ' eric'-fine ;" or, as some say, it is the virgin bishop only that

does not resume it ; the bishop of one wife resumes it if he does

penance within three clays. If he has beenguilty of false witness,

or false testimony, or false judgment, or vi$Kfie of a eestjweit, or <*^f>- ^ _ 60.

false arbitration, or of giving false character, he resumes the same

dignity, but so as he does penance, and pays ' eric'-fine in proportion

to the crime ; and if they move from their dignity, they should attain

to a higher one.
And this is the change, the lector shall be installed in the bishopric,

and the bishop shall become a hermit or a pilgrim ; and if they, i.e.

- Ifwoundiny. The remainder of this interpolation seems to be another version
of the law on this subject, taken by the commentator or scribe from a different
copy of the work.

60
- ocup man iat>pine nojne pogail, m pit emeclunn noib no

cm pinnic, ocup cia eipicn;.

. . i ft 1 f a f 5 abtl ^ eiptnec, " man rinplen po gpianaib uaipli, m erapi

nqieY ace cumat no na gpanaib ecna/ octip ni pi I ni no na
TtiwM/1 " fgfMiflliib Cculpa, a\\ ip ami p.o pojtainen p^ni ocup ap a
* nobm emeclunn noib

11a huile Dame T)onaiab OJIT) Ocltnf -n'mcijiT) ciifri\a)-ra, ora
cumal T)oib a]\ atchigit) neculfa. TTIfro na ye j^aiia ecutfa
Dostiiar na 511111101 po, pgucha ctn^^at) buy- aij\T>e, acn cu^.o

/f pinmc po iimvti in %\iam, cm ipl m cm. Ocu\- cu yxo icnir in
cm -nono; iiuiTj na ^iicroa cam, no ntutt ecini, no eculfa, no inja,
no ollamam, no biinigfroa. 1n tiai^ na pi roiinnuli rocbufa
ooib, ap pennuic uaicbib T>ia necluif pem, -DO iioclirtiin a neme-
cluitine po niec epbtif tiaicbtb, ocup pennaiCTjon n p-.ipi puacmniT),

i^Dia niTjlepiTj pennuic; ocup m mo ip miTDltgtech T>oib
ol?)ap each nin7)liei) oilcetia.

na pecc ngfiainh placha no gniar na gnniia prt, .1. ai
a naipctnptecca, no a fuidia, no aictpie, no gum mn-niJyi, no popi-
topcuf), ap nopiniuch rochupa pint Tjoib -DO fiocbrtmi a n5p..ai5,
r\ 113.-,. joociip pennuic ocup eipucc, no eipucc [.1. ainial] ra nnop.pio Txm
n pup i puaccntnjpec, niapa^gyiaTj nacb Dtig penninc.

Q t y Sechc mbia-oa ac m 01^115 poipigill ip pepiji. Ocup [pea; nT)aop,

ceile utle ac] cacb piij 730 na rxiguib; ocup m cuqxunia -DO bepia
pe a piarrh TJO na pecc lTDoepiceliTJib pin, cu |iub e in cucpiuma

j,i'pm TJO pecuib ropimuijep Tjon bp.niait) cecacli, ocup a r>a coib ( -p
tion bpiiuait> lecach. Ocup TDO epbuit) biat> o 506 gptat) cu p.uict>
aijxe iri]\ na eip^ij, ocup aon biaTb nnupiait ogapTJe pecb a cochup
piiam. Ocup a loga niecb, no qn miach each biati Dib po. Ocup
in cucpiiniia T>oi\ach TJO betpi m raqie inpi 7)a eipug api in tulndfi

ipo, ape a cucpainia TJO rochup (.1. pecuib) TJO beipi in boeipie ip
pepyi no nono each boeip.e a coiucinne ; ocup a lee o each ocaifie.
11o ip po Tieclibiiiep a neineclumtie, [.1. pen no gpiumaib peme,

1 Corn. The contents of a ' miauh,' or measure of com, cannot now be accurately
ascertained. Its value was estimated at one ' screpall ' of silver.

SKXCHL'S M01!. (!l

s, while in either condition of ikes*, commit trespass, they sliall
ncver have honor-price, even though they should do penance, and TIUN -
pay 'eric '-tine.

"What this is derived from is this : " if any one stumble under
noble rank, no ' dire'-fine can be had except a ' cumhal' for the grades
of wisdom, and there is nothing for the grades of the church, for it
was in that grade they violated their dignity, in right of which they
hitherto had honor-price."

All men whose office did not compel them to frequent the church
before, have a 'cumhal' for frequenting the church. If a person of
the six grades of the church has done these deeds, he shall move to
a higher grade, so as he does penance in proportion to the dignity
of the grade, however insignificant the crime. And the crime is
also to be paid for, if it be persons of the grades of wisdom, or profes-
sors of learning, or the grades of the church, or kings, or Ollamhs,
ot Brewys. t/tat have committed these deeds. "When the\' (the Brewys),
Lave not increase of property tu entitle them to recover their rank, they
must do penance at their own church, to recover as much of their
honor-price as they have lost, and penance for the person whom
they have quarrelled with, if -penance is- tltte-ttr-him; and adultery ft- 10 -&t^/&*
is not more unlawful for them than any other illegality.

If it be any of the seven degrees of chieftains that have done these
deeds, i.e. violation of security, or guaranty, or pledge, or unlawful K^cl^. f- ^
wounding, or burning, it is increase of property they must have to
recover their grade, or they must do penance and pay 'eric '-fine;
or, it is 'eric '-fine alone, i.e. a 'cumhal' to the person whom they
have injured, if he be of a grade to which penance is not due.

The best Aire-forgaill has a right to the maintenance of seven
persons. And every king of the kings has seven base tenants;
and the amount of stock which he gives to the seven base tenants,
is equal to the number of 'seds' that the Brewy-' cedach ' should
have ; and the Brewy-' lethech ' should have twice as many. And
the same proportion less has every grade of chieftains down to
the Aire-itir-da-aire, who has a right to the maintenance of one
person in addition to his former property. And the maintenance of
one person in these cases is worth a calf of the value of one or three
measures of corn. 1 And the amount of stock which the Aire-itir-
da-aire gives for this food-tribute is equal to the amount of property,
i.e. of ' seds ' that the best Bo-aire, or indeed any Bo-aire, in general,
gives; and the half of it is given by every Og-aire. Or it is
according to the difference of their honor-price that it is regulated,

C>2 Senchuf 111 6^ i.

INTKOPUC- no ceile no 5,croai1j florrha, .1. fecennaofi ceile rofimaijitif cw^

yudnne ociif ^up, ab a cotbeif fin eofiiiiaigif gach fii.]
C. 1136.

tla Sfiain filen af fojuil lain noib each foj;uil no nenuiT;, ociif
a nibec cm emeclunn, no cu fio pmne ocuf cu fio ei-p.ce ; ocuf o
C. 113G. .fnonentnc; oca [m] emectunn [cetinu] tioib, cm co-Definaicitinfju-
cliat>5i\aiT). If ofgabtrfi jw : " "Do em i>of TMCin cqi nmrcencuf
Don ptij," no cu na bee acn an'iuil ara T>on Gcluif, octif f
a cana.

C. 1 i:;fi. Cach aon na ptnl emechinn a Tiiial^tif ai^i [if] foguit lain noib

/ccach fogoil t>o T>emnc, ocf a mbetcm emeclunn no cu mjefaiuic

pennuic, ocuf eiyxicc, ocuf mnfguchcrti aqi, ociif oca emeclunn

7)oib laWfUimiJa ; ocuf afet> f.o tiefia emecltmn tioib ia|\ penninr;

C. 113G. ocuf eifucc ocuf mnfcuchaD aifi [no gm 50 nTieiinarcifiTifchtichu

mp], iiatyx naji comuifcc a n-efinnfiiicuf fo\i a coclnif ; no uai^

K na Tieftnur; niaiu T>ia trochuf. ttfe-o fot>efia cu^iub fogtul lam

t>oib each otiil -DO T>enuic.

Cach aon t>a f.uil emecltmn a tiualgtif a cenn
if fogml lam t>oib each foguil no nenmt, ocuf a mbeic cm
C. U3C. emeclunn no cu nnefaiuc pennuic octif ep.icc, [ocuf ju cap,ncrc
(I- V IZ.O. H seffieireac a mignmia ;] ocuf o no nenuc crcu [in] emeclunn cetmu

noib.

C. 1137. 11a batll \\o ruiflen ann [fin ;] ocuf niar> pan na cmn, if fen

f o on : .1.0 caqi m ball emeclunn am fecc a nualguf m cmn, a

bee no gfief. CCf af jabu^ pn : " Peyi nono ciafingbu af a

if Sfian," 7fil. Ho^cu^ub cmnn a nemnachrum fie nligen, ocuf o

buf cmnn, nochu nuil nach m noib a

O tain, m nume emeclunn aom fecc a nualjuf a coibneluch,
oca m emeclunn fin no no jfief, ce ci cm co n ffii nlijen. 1f
af gabufi fin, " Cm niayxb in cachuifi,"

C. 1137. 3 C [T)o gabaft. eneclann no neoch n nualjuf a nana ocuf a tocufa

d 7 lie. 7 ecafifgafvtai a naonfecc, ocuf noca fajbayi a nualguf a cmn

ocuf a coibnelaca, na a nualjuf a nana, ociif a cmn, ocuf a

coibnelaca ; no nono 50 f atafi eneclann no a nualguf a nana

ocuf m cmn aga nnejvna

SENCIIUS MOR. Dd

i.e. the inferior grades have a 'sed' where the chieftain grades have IXTKOTU-I--

a tenant, i.e. the king exceeds by seven base tenants, and in this _'

proportion each king rises over another.

As to the poet grades, every crime they commit is full crime, and
they shall he without honor-price until they do penance and pay
'eric'-fine; but when they have done so they shall have the same
honor-price cnjain, though they have not moved from their grade.
This is derived from "Protection is afforded for the dignity of the
poet ;" or they shall be like the church-men, and let their laws be
examined.

As to all persons who have honor-price in right of their age, every
crime they commit is full crime to them, and they shall remain
without honor-price until they do penance, and pay 'eric '-fine, and
attain to higher age, and they shall have honor-price afterwards ;
and the reason that they shall have honor-price after penance and
' eric '-fine and greater age, or without attaining to greater age is,
because their unworthiness did not affect or lessen their property ;
or because they have not done good with their property. It is the
reason that every crime they commit is full crime.

As to all persons who have honor-price in right of their chiefs
and relatives, every crime they commit is full crime to them, and
they shall remain without honor-price until they do penance and
pay 'eric'-fine, and make atonement for their evil deeds; but when
they have done so, they shall have back the same honor-price which
they had forfeited.

It is the followers" who have stumbled in this case ; and if it be Ir. Mem-
the chiefs," it shall be regulated thus : when the follower has once f "' ffeath
taken honor-price in right of, his chief, he shall always retain it.
This is derived from, " But a man who falls from his grade," &c.
Or it is certain that he will not submit to law, and when this is
certain, he shall have nothing in right of him, the chief.

When a person has once taken honor-price in right of his relations,
he shall always have this honor-price, whether he submits to law or
not. This is derived from, " Though the father be dead," &c.

A. person gets honor-price in right of his profession and of his
separable property together, but it cannot be obtained for him in
right of his chief and his relations, or in right of his profession, his
chief, and his relations ; or, according to others, honor-price can be
obtained for him in right of his profession and of the chief under
whom he was appointed.

*oo

pejiba pifia t>op nachc CCpal a|i ITIuj; mac
11ucroac, gabail co coxal ; co poecqi aitichi efitai poji
OomT) ; aptuipec hucroaib ; pacubpac a taegu, taicb pnt
celtjiaij. 6cha amajiaiji co rocra pe "Delecliaib
ail coiD)nticl). 'geUra T)ib lajium ta Coijipjie
,, TH gabaiL, TI adigabait, Ti T>enu, "010110111-
teciu,

a CbuiiTD Ceccboiiaij, | ap a ngabai'O itbenT)a, '
bejica Pe^up "pejiglecec li n-T)i5ail a dijioin5fieipi,)'0i
5uin Ccbacb bt3tbuiT)e.! bfiediaT>o]in in anpaijie. | *0o
ceipqunapiiinTOepicb 1 tipiuip peiigupa. jpeiiaippejigup
pefiechcupmneclf 1 iLoch Ru'Dpai'DejDi TriqibaT) a tnaji-
cnica.j IJaipc a cliiji, imu|i|io,|popelba In CumT) co- as
inc(]iba.

i

'J""Ceojia peyiba V'T 1 "? PT la - 1 - V' nT)a ' ceoyia bm myi V'T 1 T 10 tnotcep-
caip. no |io mainepcaiTi CCyxil mac Cuirn), yeitine'oa, arched) cpojita |ii

'CetnjiacTi, yajx THug mac t1uaT>ac, aicec poiica Cotp.pjii ngnaccuiyv no
aicec yoyica Cuinti ceccaca, -1. ceojxa ba blecta, .1- ba pifia tnbeic co rue.
'Oornachc CC-pal ayx TTlh, mac llua-oar, .1 ar>)5abail eanntec
a railcep. ciaccam \ie ol^ je-6. ^abail co coxat, .1. naViacligatiata
.1. amach, .1. ba -ofvuim fT 1 ' ^ la f ta e 5 ann f " Co poecan airochi
boin-o, .t. co fio vefecap. po|i Peticapeig poll b|vu bomne,

1 iot'/j Budhraidhe, now the Bay of Dundrum, in the County Down.
z Ferta-feig. More usually called Ferta-fer-feg, e.g. in the Four Masters, now
Slane. In C. 777 this place is described as on the south side of the Boyne.

MS*.

F #. J-/7
ft- 0.J./X

OF THE FOUR KINDS OF DISTRESS.

THREE white cows were taken by Asal from Mogh,

son of Xuaclhat, % ate-inHftodittte seizur? ; and they '^y v c*rr^ if

lay down a night at Ferta on the Boyife ; they es-

caped froin^in) ; they had left their calves, and their ^ . : -"

white milk flowed upon the ground. He went in

pursuit of them, and seized six milch cows at the

house at day-break. Pledges were given for them

afterwards by Coirpre Gnathchoir, for the seizure, for

the distress, for acknowledgment, for triple acknow-

ledgment, for acknowledgment by one chief, for double

acknowledgment.

The Tir-ba of Conn Cedcorach, from which these
horned cattle were taken away, had been given to
Fergus Ferglethech in atonement for the great injury
done him, by the killing of Eochaidh Belbhuidhe.
Dorn was also given him in bondage. She was killed
in her truth for remarking the blemish in the counten-
ance of Fergus. Fergus made a manly attack upon
Finech in Loch Rudhraidhe, 1 to kill it for its great
depredations. His land was, however, restored into
the possession of the heir of Conn.

Three white cows, i.e. three cows which, in truth, were seized or taken by Asal, ,.. )i~fa-

son of Coniya champion, and steward-bailiff of the king of Temhair, from Mogh
son of Nuadhat, who was the steward-bailiff of Coirpri Gnathchoir, or the steward-
bailiff of Conn of the Hundred Battles, i.e. three milch cows, i.e. it was true that
they had milk. Were taken by Asal from Mogh, son of Nuadhat, i.e.
not the exact measure of the claim but distress, by which it was thought the law would
be submitted to. By an immediate seizure, i.e. of the distress, i.e. out, i.e. there
wasimhwrofraivesthere. And they lay down a night at Ferta on the Boyne,
i.e. and they lay down at Ferta-Feig 2 on the bank of the Boyne, which is called

66 -Bench up til op.

DISTRESS, ppiy a paicep, Cpaeb Pacpaic iy in can ya. CCyluiyec huaTjaib, .1. po

elayacap, uaicib. Pacubyac a laegu, .\.l<i TTIuj;, mac MUOTJOC, .1. po

be cucaic a n-elaiTji. Laich pint) pop cellpaij;, -1- ay nambo iapy

a calmam. 1ym lo pincaicnemach pop cullpech m caiman, no pop cul

TT>peice in caiman, .1. oonni ty celluy up, calam. &cha amapaip, .1.

C. 773. [luiTj CCyal m a n-T>iait>] co haTja, no co haic, T>a niappaifj, no TJO ecaTj

('. 77;j. uaicib rjul T>a n-iappaiT>. Co cocca -ye T>elechaib cpeibe, [.i. o

Tjopuy cige HUOTKIC] .1. co cucuycap ye yuJt;in amlacha laiy co cpeib ap,

cae Tjipiuch na tnaicni, no an, Tjeipgcaipic'na maicne, .1. ye ymecaib, .1.

/ecpey uocapum cpey uocapum cpemapam yecunTjapum apuT> pacpem. CCp,

cotrjpiuch, .1. cuirjpuch lai ocuy arochi, no cuicpuch yuilyi. 5 e ^lca

Dib lapum la Coipppi. n^naccoip, .1. pi Ularj, TJO gnacaigeTi coip,

no'oa'Daingni'De'D coin, .1. cucaf) olige'D cap a mm, .1. nip na j;abil. "Di

gab'ail, .1. na ceopa mbo ; ace ma po bi ap-oapc oli^i'olann. Tlluna paib

if ap7>apc -olijiTi ami, iy elot> fio leicei) im na cpi cec butnb, ocuy -oiablaTj

tap neloT) na ye ba- "Di achgabail, .1. na ye mb6, .1. aicepp,ach gab'ala,

C. 778. .1. iy i yin cec uaip. p,o gaba achgabail 1 n-&pe. T)i TJBCIU [.i. oenpip],

i. p,e p,e pepj;iiya no la achaip,. "Di chonroeciu, .1. pe p.e Coippp.i

f^naccaip, no la yenachaip. "Di aip,cyiu, .1. ppi pe Cuint), o peimb

>'Cemp,ach, .1. ppi annytp. T>a platrfeman, .1. TJBCIU, ocuy aiciciu ocuy

comtuciu caip ppi pe cpip, aipcriu nama antap. "Oi atciciu, .1. ne pe

i

Concub'aip 5 nac caip, .1. ppi pe nCCyail, .1. aictciu ampiyy inTjyo. T)eciu
aenpip, ocuy aiciciu oeiyi, ocuy conroeiEiu cpip. 1ye pe po but m pepunrj
amui;;, .1. la cp,tap pe p,UT>apca TM> pmieyunn, .1. yecc pichiac blucDam po
ifbui m cip po Ulcaib', o bui Pepguy conro catnic Coipppi n'Snaccop. po gell
in achgab'ail yo. "Cip-ba ChuniT) Cecchopaig, .1. amm in cipe lyumie

IL CjuJyiw* ' T 10 ' Jtt ' 1ln Caul 5 1l1 i ' ci r" T 10 ' )U1 acu Cunn, piy ap muij cec each, no co

cucaT>t>o \?ep5uy e manmech. CCya ngabaiT) ilbenT>a, .1. iy ay ytn TJO
gabuycap benna ilapTju na hachgabdla. bep,ca Pepguy pepglecec,
sc.1. TJO bpeicemnaije-D yo TJ' pepjuy Tjo^niTjtliaTja, Pjtfeuy Pepgliacach, no Of
DO gelciy a ech pep, o. iy popamm TJO. i n-rjigaila chp.om speiyt,
i. n-Tjigail na gpetye cpuime cucarj ap, a enec/jl-eipic m ^piyca cpuim, . i n~
.1. a yapaigche. "Oiguin &chach, .1. TJO gufn ap mapb'aTJ i mapbaT)
frchac oca poibi m belbuiTje, mac 1?eiTjlime, mic Tuachail Techcmaip,
3* ocuy bpuchaip CumTj eipTje. Cxjchaifi OelbuiTje TJO mapBaTJ ap a
comaipce. bpecha "Oopn in anyaip,e, .1- cm cyatpi ppi himcomuy
anaiTJ a mic .1. TJO bpeicemnaije-o "Dopn, ingen buroe, mic CCinmip.ec. CCn,
po Tjiulcafj, conac a yaipe, ace a nTjatpe; no an po Tjiulca-6, conac an-oaipe,

1 Fergkthech. Tliis cognomen of Fergus may be interpreted either Fergus of the
battles, or Fergus the grazier, because of his many war-horses, which consumed the
grass of Ulster, far and wide.

SKXCIIUS MOR. G7

Craebh-Patraic at the present day. They escaped from him, i.e. they strayed UMTIOW.
away from him. Had left their ealves, i.e. with Mogh, son of Xnadhat, i.e. ~
this was the reason of their straying. Their white milk on the ground, i.e.
the milk of the cows upon the earth. In the bright beautiful day upon the face of
the ground, or on the surface of the earth, ' talamh,' i.e. from the word ' tellus,'
earth. He went in pursuit of them, i.e. Asal went after them quickly or with

haste, or, people were sent by him to seek them. And seized six milch cows * Fv'M-lb 1*'
at the house, i.e. from the door of Nuadhat's house, i.e. and Uwy brought -nx fay- dut> fe Jo MUt fan
4t*v WT^v** similar cofs^with t4t*v* from the house at the^dawrjjof morning, or at the red-
streaking of the morning, i.e. six milch cows, i.e. three cows, and three cows more fLfflJ'
as the second seizure at the house of MngKs father. At day break, i.e. (lie sepa-
ration of day and night, or the first dawn of the light. Pledges were given
for them afterwards by Coirpri Gnathchoir, i.e. king of Ulster. r'///<//
< Imttliclioir (the rn-r just), as having always observed justice, or as being one by
whom contracts were confirmed, i.e. he offered to submit to law respecting them. i.e.
after the seizure_of_tliej]i^ For the seizure, i.e. of the threeJuaLiaws; but so .
as there wasfestablished la^j at the time. If there was not^established law) it was
e asion that was effectedwith respect to the three first cowsTand the six cows are
the double restitution after the evasion. For the distress, i.e., the six cows, i.e.
a second taking, i.e. this was the first time that di.-trc-s was taken in Erin. For
acknowledgment, i.e. of one man, i.e., during the time of Fergus or his father.
For triple acknowledgment, i.e. during the time of Coirpri Gnathchoir or
his grandfather. For acknowledgment by one chief, i.e. during the time
of Conn, of the Feini of Temhair, i.e. during the time of two chieftains of Eamlxim,
i.e. there was acknowledgment and double acknowledgment and triple acknowledg-
ment in the east, at Tirba, during the time of three persons, acknowledgment by
one chief only in the west, i.e. (it Temhair. For double acknowledgment,
i.e. in the time of Conchobhar (iiiathchoir, i.e. during the time of Asal, i.e. this is
double acknowledgment in ignorance. Delhi' means the acknowledgment of one
person, 'aititiu' of two persons, and 'comdetiu' of three persons. It is the time
during which the land was out of their possession, i.e. during the time of three
kings, which is reckoned the period of prescription, i.e for seven score years the
land was under the Ultonians, from the time that Fergus flourished until Coirpri
Gnathchoir, who gave pledges for this distress, came to the throne. The Tir-lia
of Conn Cedcorach, i.e. the name of the land, concerning which the contract
was, i.e. land which had been in the possession of theheirofConu, who gained one
hundred battles, until it was given to Fergus as a mulct. From which these
horned cattle were taken, i.e. from which the horned cattle were taken in
distress. Given to Fergus Ferglethech, 1 i.e. it was adjudged to Fergus who
fought with bravery, or he was called Fergus- Fergliathacli, because of his hor.-es
that grazed or eat grass. I n atonement for the great injury done him, i.e.
in atonement for the great injury inflicted on his protege, i.e. as 'eric '-fine for the
heavy injury, i.e. the violation of his protection. By the killing of Eochaidh,
i.e by the murder of Eochaidh, the Yellow-mouthed, son of Feidhlime, son of Tuathal
Techtmhar, and brother of King Conn. Eochaidh Belbhuidhe was killed while under
his protection. Dorn was given in bondage, i.e. without freedom, on account
of the crime of her son, i.e. Dorn, daughter of Buidhe, son of Ainmire, was awarded
to him. 'An' is here a negative, ami uns/mire' means that she was given not in

F 2

DISTRESS, ace i tigill cuca-o t>p Fepgup, .1. a cmaiT> a tiieic, Poiclme, 111 ^eife-6 pep

^ bU ' Tna T lba ' 6 / ec1lacJl belbuiTje; aip mac -oeopaiT) he, ocup cap

rapuj;cf6 pne mcrdhap, no i n-anpp pie machap, T>O pigne he; ocup

ip-e-o -DO pineT> a machaip -DO CiT>taccr6 ma ctnai'o T>O pepgu-p an-oaifie, no

Actinia ngill.

Ocup in c-1nbejv nCCilbine 1 cmaiTj m cuicipi |X|xcro, apt. mafibcro

001 b a reifefi eochait) beUwoe, afi coniaiyige, lap, na uroayvba

DO Conn Ceccatacb T>a bficrcliaii\ fvetni. Co tToeocacap, in

DO cua^Tiugaf) 1 Stiab n-Uan>, COTH-D enro "oo fiala -ooib a

/B ocuf oeiftTiii\ecc aiyi :

" CCfal, Oochu, 501x5 a 11516,
" poicline, ocuf ^ibfiaice,
" &iroa, CCibtt, an a clu,
" Sefep, laf cojicaip, e-ocbu."

XT "Do cei|iyx ina piinti-oe, .1. ce^b pp, -DI mm |vo latdni, .1. T>O
fin na pp.inT)e i-p m cuba nanime T>O Taignet) jie Veiaj;u^; ocu'p iy e pn
2,1 V ea a ' T>e ' DCt Fen-gupa. Ocu-p \<f an-o -pin fio marib Peiijuy- TJuiin T>on cloich

fie iiTiul pon !.,och. Sicli i ngnuif pen-gu-pa, .1- -oa -pecher>

no jvo hin^aijeT) pop, Peyvsuf ma gnui-p nn cuba n-ainme Tai-py- Fefvaip
*oF e "-5 u T V e T ve c1icup, -i. |io veififcaii\ Pe^ju-p echca-p pf.T>a an, m

mnai, no a|i m peipc, .1. pechc vervoa. Pinech 1 lLoch Uut>rvaiT>e, .1.

Vop-cent), .1. pop. -811115 Loca Hu-Dpai-oe ; no ip an-o cainic pni-p, cjvich

abaip 1 lLoch UiiTipaitie ac in cSinij;, no m pei-pc, .1. mbepc ocuy mben.

"Di mapba-o amapcinca, .1. Tiia mapba-6 ina cmcaib inopa in mnai, no
ij-maplkro in muipgpip, .1. 1 n-uacaT). Tai-pic a chip miuppo yo -petba

hi Cuin-D comayvba, .1. aipciT) a pepaiiT) imuppo po peilb m ci -po ba

/., .-15.^ comecaro opb T>O ConnJ.t. 1 -peilp cotnapba COIII-D Ocup cotiiap'ousa'D po

(P uui -punT) icip in -papugu-o, ocu-p in mnai T>O mapBa-6, ocuy ifpe* pp,ic

o'imapqaaiT) ant) m cip; ocu-p m pecacap -pi Cunro ap ma-o leo, iy>
xaipe nap bo -oile-p uaichib ppi pe cpip. 1|> e ctnc m imuppo aiiT>, cia

cuca-6 in pepann imuich, noca CUCOTI in ben ; no -oono ce po bui in pepann

nnuich pe pe punapca, .1. pe pe cpip cucai) imuich he, .1. uaip -oob aiipif ;

111 hinan-D ocu-p in ben, .1. "Dopn, ingen buroi, mic CCmmipec, uaip 1

cm cmnet) pe cucati.

ceofia pfiba nc fo, map piji TDon -oml a |voib.

1 Sliabh Fuaid. Now Fuad mountain, near Newtown Hamilton, in county
Armagh, a place much celebrated in Irish history. Annals ufFonr Masters, year
3500 A.M. (N.)

a Monster. In C. 774, this monster is called ' Sphiron.' 'Sinech' literally
means, having dugs or teats.

3 Occurs. The following pages up to page 75, are written on a small piece of
parchment, numbered folio 5 of the manuscript.

SENCHUS MOR. 69

freedom but in bondage; or 4 an' is a negative in a M, meaning that DISTRESS.

she was given to Fergus, nut in bondage but as a pledge, i.e. for the crime of her

son Foitline, one of the six men who were at the killing of Kochaidh Belbbuidhe;
fur he was the son of a stranger, and had been begotten against the wish of the
mother's tribe, or without the knowledge of the mother's tribe ; and it was he that,
for his crime, gave up his mother in bondage, or as a pledge to Fergus.

And Inbher Ailbine was given up to Fergus for the crimes of the
five natives, the six having killed Eochaidh Belbhuidhe, who was
under protection, after his expulsion sometime previously by his
brother, Conn of the Hundred Battles. The six persons had gone
to search for him in Sliabh Fuaid, 1 where they -tarp.rtnnk And killed
him, as this quotation shows:

" Asal, Eochu, fierce and fair,

" Foitline and Tibraide,

" Enda, Ailell, noble their fame,

" Were the six by whom Eochu was killed."

She was killed in her truth, i.e., though what she said was true for her,
i.e. >he was killed in her truth for reproaching Fergus with a blemish; and this
was the canse of Fergus's death. It was then Fergus killed Dorn with the bath-
ing stone 1 icfore he entered the loch. For remarking the blemish in the
countenance of Fergus, i.e. which she ascribed or attributed to Fergus in his
countenance as a reproach of blemish to him. Fergus made a manly attack,
i.e. Fergus made a fierce attack upon the woman, or upon the monster, 3 i.e.
a manly expedition. Finech in Loch Eudhraidhe, i.e. end, i.e. upon the Ja,
Sinech of Loch Rudhraidhe; or it was there in Loch Kudhraidhe that his finis, $Gr T-

end, or death, took place by the Sinech, or the monster, i.e. the monster and the
woman. To kill it for its great depredations, i.e. to kill the woman for
her great crimes, or to kill the sea monster only. His land was, however,
restored into the possession of the heir of Conn, i.e. they restored his
land, however, into the possession of the person who was the heir to the lands of
Conn, i.e. into the possession of the heir of Conn. And there was an adjustment
here between the violation of Fergus's jn'^txi'mn and the killing of the woman.
and the difference that was found between them was the mine of the land; and the
race of Conn did not know whether the land was theirs or tint, bpciiiid it hd.lfcn Mt/
ontTjfr-thttr^aaaaaion during Ihfi raifgi "f tlirje persons "J"-^'" f|irf"jtn~- The V f/^ ^f^ua^.1 a
force of the "however" here is. though the land wa- restored, the woman was not ;
or though the land was out of the i'" ' 'luring the period

of prescription, i.e. during the perioil of three persons since it was given out. La
since there was ignorance rwp it MI the woman, i.e. Dorn. daughter of

Buidhe, son of Ainmire, for it was in pledge; without any limit as to time she had
been given.

On three white cows this is written, if it be true for the book in
which it occurs. 3

70

''""' ^ m C1)1 >1 l gaban in arhgabcul fo, ocuf cm yio gab, ocf
cm p,uc bn.ec f.uip.]ii? .1. bactqiCfti pium cineJ.a i neu.i : peim.
ocuf Ulain, ocuf 5 al ^ eoir >- Octif bui conpj.inchc moji iriyi
Penib if 111 atmfiyi fin ; .1. icip. Conn Ceccarach oaif Oochaif*
ru6tbim>e, mac "Guachail Tecrmaip,. Ro hmnafiban lajxam
m c-Oochait) OetbuiT>e la^v pogtaib mo^a, o CunT) co peyijtif
0. 771. [mac LeiT)i] co fug Ulati, [-DO chuin-ochiT) neijiz: ocuy foch|xan).]
C. 775. bin ian, fin yie ciana 1 maille f^n pefiguf . peclic ant) imix|>.o
DO 6ochaiT) iayi -p,eib cianatb, IUIT> co cmel no cefir vfiiu, co
ra]xla inu T)ocutn if Sleib puair, CCfat mac Ctunn Cecccrchaig,
ocuf ba f.emT)iT>fiT)e, ocuf ceityxi nuc bui-oe, mic CCmmiftec, .1.
6odiaif> Ofiefacb, ocuf Gnna CCigenbjiaf, ocf CCitilt CCnrua-
), ocuf T3ibfiaini Tixaiglecan, ocuf porlme, m mac
Tx>n T)eop,aiT). 1f T>e fio cer :

D fofoi mac no "Oufin," Tjxl.

Ocuf |io man-bfcrc 6odiain belbmne ap, comaip.51

[Siachc pefcjtif co ftua^aib a m^um ocurl no hacria rni n
t I /*

ruainjfocuf no bnera cenr no, .1. rni fecr:(cumaCa^-fec7; cumcda

C. 775. m 6j\, ocuf [fecc cumala m] a|xjaic, octif[rif7fec cumata] m
vtlnbep nCCilbme, i cmam m ctncift, tif.nan ; ocuf mean "Ooun,
mpn btnni, 1 njeJJff.e cm amic, uai|i mac t>eofi,ana, no ttlbanaig
In , ocuf ca]i fuiiugu, 110 i naiifif fine mait|ie, no nmne he.

["Oogem pejigiif ojcufiii rayif an eyuc fo, ocuf] luin
ma C11\ mfi fin, ocuf beifv a cumal laif 1

Peer: naen ann ta]i fin, tum pefi^uf ocuf a afta, TTluena a

m

A M (at i7JL ^* eer: naen ann ta]i fin, um efi^uf ocuf a

riiiim, no cum mafia; feiaf ocuf yvo cocailfic fofi ..

W) ' jf ' T)o tocaft itntififio lui-of-.puin cuf m 11.15, con a Tnbe^rartiyx af a

1 f.'liiidh. 111 C. 77t it is written I'llii.

in- This wonl in the ^lo.ss in C. 774 is explained as another name for
].aif,'liin, i.e. Leinsternien.

^ The son of Dorn. Several otlicr lines of this quotation are given in C. 77-".

4 Inbher-Ailbfil/te. This was the name of a townland at the mouth of the river

Delvin, north of Howth. In C. 77") it is stated that the land given to Fergus was

tlie property of Cimn Coraeh. and that it got the name of ' Nitha,' meaning

controversy, on account of the many hattles and disputes there were aliout it

1 artls. It is added in the same place that Doru, the sister of il'.eMiu nf IJnidhe,

SENCHUS MOK.

71

For what crime was this distress taken, and who took it, and who DISTT.KSS.
pronounced judgment upon it ? There were three principal races in
Erin, the Fcini, the Ulaidh, 1 and the Galeoin. 2 And there was a
great dissension among the Feini at this time, i.e. between Conn of
the Hundred Battles and Eochaidh Belbhuidhe, grandson of Tuatbal
Techtmhar. Eochaidh Belbhuidhe, after having committed great
depredations, was expelled by Conn, and fled to Fergus, son of
Leidi, King of Uladh, to seek assistance and forces from him. He
remained after this for a long time with Fergus. One time, how-
ever, Eochaidh set out, long afterwards, to go to his tribe to demand
justice from them, but was met at Sliabh Fuait by Asal, son of
Conn of the Hundred Battles, a champion, and by the four sons of
Buidhe, son of Ainmirech, i.e. Eochaidh Oresach, Etida Ajgeniras, "
Ailell Antuaraid, and Tibraidi Traiglethan, and by Fotline, the son
whom Dorn, the daughter of Buidhe, brought forth to a stranger, of
whom was said :

" The son of Dorn is a trespasser on us/' 3 <tc.

And they slew Eochaidh Belbhuidhe, who was under the protection
of Fergus. Fergus went witfc forces from the north to demand
satisfaction, and justice was c\ded to him, i.e. three times seven
' cumhals' : seven ' cumhals' of gold, and seven of silver, and land
of seven 'cumhals,' Inbher-Ailbhine, 4 by name, for the crime of
the five natives; and Dorn, the daughter of Buidhe, was given as a
pledge for the crime of her son, for he was the son of a stranger, or
of an Albanach (Scotchman), and was begotten against the wish c ',
or without the knowledge of, the tribe of the mother.

After this Fergus made i perfect covenanUrespecting this 'eric'-
fine, and returned to his own country, having his bondmaid with
him in bondage.

One time after this, Fergus and his charioteer, Muena by name,
set out for the sea; they reached it and slept on the sea-shore.
Now fairies 5 came to the king, and took him out of his chariot,

who committed this slaughter. was given in I'lrn-r as a pris'mer, until they slim;i 1
have paid seven 'cumhals' for every hand engaged in the killing.

.-, /.v,,yieji. The term ' I.uarcan.' meaning fairy, is still preserved imi'cr various
corrupted forms in the country. In the counties of Kilkenny, Tipperaiy,
Waterfrd. it is Utj;-atican ; in West Minister, Uij.)" '" H-fr,

. See Croker's " Fairy Tales," and Keightley's " Fairy Mythology."

72 -Sencliup

DISTRESS, cappac, octif pucfac a ctoi-oem uaT> 1 rofac. [Ronucfae iapam
C. 776. cofiaimc a tntiiWe], octif p.of naipig pepgtif tap, fin [6 puncaeap,
C. 776. a cofa a mtnp. "Oo fiuchrjieroafx lafor>ain], octif fio gab epjap,
nib, .1. pep, cecrap, a T>a Idim, ocuf pep, pop. a bpumnib. " CCn-
C. 776. (fTnaiti 1 nanmain" [.1. anacal]. " [Caficccfi] mo epi Dpmiipoifc."
(.1. poja), ol pepgup. "Roebiah, ol 111 cabac, ace [tiac] tn bef
ecniacc DUITIT>." Tto cumtie peiijuf faip, eoltif fobejura fo
lochaib octif tiiroaib octif tntiifiib. " Roc buili, ol in cabac,
ace aen ti|\cuillim aiftiuc, tn T>eochaif fo Loc RtrofiaTDe fit 1C
c^ich feifin. 'Cobefiracai\ ^a liicnifip tuibe t>o ia\\. fin ina
cluafa, ocuf imregeT) Leo fo intiifiib. CCcbe|xac a|iaite if in
-1 .r rabuc^ercbeixr; rfbyiac DO, octif ae cafica-o pefijtif fo cetin, octif
tt ^ nncejeT) fo muifiib fathlai*.

nncejeT) fo muifiib fathl

uaici ann icifiani, crcnjniT)i|x peftgtif fobaiftc Loca
C. 776. 'OCY p<cbaiT> a a]ia ocuf a caftpac fO|i bjxu m loca; [altmt> foti
C.J76. loch] co nacca in niuifiT)|iif ann, peifc uifcn>e [uarmap,.] CCt-
nuai|i fiOfince-D afa)ite nof nnaif^ceT) amait botc njobann. La
necfam tio fuiftfti fio fiabfta a beoil T>O rub culaT>aib, ocuf r>o
tuiTi af fop, cifi ajx ornun, [ocuf afbeyxc fi\ia afiait), cm cunii
C. 777. iacci ?]; octif ifbefic m cayia f|iif : " 111 niaic T)O gne," ot fe [ace
C. 777. nib tm ; bef^tt cocltiT) -oic] : "^o t>uic cm no cocaiteea." [Lafo-
T)ona tuig pejaguf ina cafipac ocuf concuil.]

1n cein ian,um concuilfitini, rete in c-afta co gaeta Ulcro,
C. 777. bacup. 1 n-6niam lllaclia, octif acfec T)6ib imcecca m fiig, [octif
ocuf f^iifcoiiKijicuni, T>oib, cm 1x15 no get beat f cap,

a eifi, ap, m bi up,ufa ^115 co nainini 1 n-C'tham.

Oocp tun comaifili gaet n-Ula*, in p-ig no cunjecc T)ia 05, octif
afo a rnm o car rmt-'fnip.fhmg, up. na beicif t>p,uir na

an-o, na aef ait>bpef>a ainnie fop. mcuib mt> pj^;, i :tif
faen -oo T>O gpef, ap, nac mce-o afi-uc 1 n-tiifce. "Oo

C. 777. ftonpac iap,tim a imcoiniec co cenn cpi mbtiarian, cm fif [a
amriie] T)on pij.

C. 777-8. . Lain lapuni afbep,c ppi a ctimail folcan [TIO -oenani] T>O.
Oa mall laif t>m TIO gent m brn m pj?caf>, m> bcp.r btn??iT) ni co

SKNCHUS MOB. 73

having first taken away his sword from him. They afterwards

carried Lira as far as the sea, and Fergus felt them when his feet

touched the sea. Whereupon he awoke and caught three of them,

viz., one with either hand, and one on his breast. " Life for life,"

(i.e. quarter), said they. " Give me my three wishes" (i.e. a choice),

said Fergus. "They shall be granted," said the fairy, "provided

they be not such as are beyond our power." Fergus requested of

him a knowledge of the mode of passing under loughs and pools

and seas. " Thou shall have it," said the fairy, " except as regards

one, which I prohibit thee to enter : thou shalt not go under Loch

Rudhraidhe, which is in thine own country." After this the fairies

put herbs in his ears, and he went with them under the seas. A^/. 1 // /

Others say, that the fairy gave him his hood, and that Fergus used ** * "2"

to put it upon his head, and thus pass under the seas.

One day after this. Fergus took it into his head to enter Loch
Rudhraidhe, and he left his charioteer and his chariot on the mar-
gin of the lough ; and as he went into the lough, he saw in it the
Muirdris, a frightful sea-monster. One moment it used to con-
tract, and then dilate like a smith's bellows. On his beholding it
his mouth became permanently distended to both his ears, and he
fled out of the lough into the country from fear, and he said to his
charioteer, " How do I appear ;" and the charioteer replied to him :
" Thy aspect is not good," said he ; " but it shall not be so long ;
sleep will qi^toUltfc : it would be well that thou shouldst take a Mfr
sleep." Upon which, therefore, Fergus went into his chariot and
slept.

Now, while he slept, the charioteer went to the wise men of
Ul.-ter who were at Emhain-Macha, and told them the adventures
of the king, and what was the matter with him ; and he asked them
what king they would take after him, for it was not easy to keep a
king with a blemish at Enihain.

The advice of the wise men of Ulster then was, that the king
should return to his house, which should be cleared before him of
rabble, that there might be no fools or idiots in it, or persons who
would reproach the Jkingvith the blemish on his face, and that a
'? mnlly bath thoukT be always prepared for him that he might not
see his shadow in the water. They afterwards kept the king in
this manner for three years, ignorant of his own blemish.

One day afterwards he bade his bondmaid make a bath for
him. He thought ihat the woman was making the bath too slowly,

74 -Sencliur ITIoi;.

Atfjrc

DISTRESS. ti-echlaifc. abaif *~oififi, ocuf ruba a ainmi pjrtf in ^115 ; DO

befic buitli D1 co cloiDun co nDefina DI blaiD t>i.

C. 777. 1nifoi iaiifviiT)tu conluiT) mfV Loc RuDfiame [ta co n-aiT>ce].

C. 777. Ro jMiich 111 loch T>e [ocuy 111 TmiifiT>i r ur] co reijet) a conngaii

y poftfcifi. T)o ItnDfium layumi conibui uay in tocb, ocuy cenn na

biapra na tanh, conacacayi Ulan) utle, ocuf ctfbeyir: pjiiu, mii"i

iy nugbeo, "a Ultu," ot fe. T3eic -pon locli lap, fin, com l><e

TiKqxb, ocuf ba T>eji5 in loc myium co cent) mip, ocuf 1^ T)e pti

p,o cec :

/ " peyijtif mac Len, m 1115,
" Lwo a pe^iraif RuT>iuuf>i.
" Uac DO nafi^af pa ganti jte,

" Oa fi pochtinn a ainnn."

t
tlo cinntdgfic pern iaj\ pn eijuc a cumaili, octi^ caiftc a ri}\i,

IF uaiyv fecc pcic bliar>ain yvo bui rifi peme fo Ulcu, i\e fie
Pefigu^a, ocuf |\e |ie Concobaiia, ocuf p.e -|xe
ocuf ni|i tianiaT) ntiget) T>O peimb a ruai-o co hairnfifi
; no mfi jab ^u infi ap, Ulraib o peyiguf co
ocu^ iiob uaTi-pem oeicm Tiltjet) DO CCyul, mac Ctunn,
wpeitinef), aicec pojica ^,15 'Cemi\ac eipDe. Ocuf |\ac cvnfufcaip. a
eochu if m n-1nnbi|X n-CCilbme, ocuf ramc TTlug, mac llurroar,
aiuec pojica Coiyxpyii 5 T1a * co1 1 rt -' octi r T 10 cuifiefra^ af iar, ocuf
arbefic, " m uiinei\ocuifiif c'ecb anD fo a|xa cabai-|\r uatb peclirc
naill?" " 1n uamn cucati Dono?" ap, fe ; no cuma-''oo \DoroeiynT:
tTcena DO gabait arbgabala, ocuf DO robach in CffM ocf na
cumaile a cuaiD, octif fio gab m t-adiec 1 pif qxi bu 1 n-arh^d-
octiy fio elaific uaiD, ocuf |io gab fe bu m^i pn cf> na

1 n-arhgabait, ocu-p coxut rue po|\i\u, uatji m\\
Dut -pn.1 liaf, pobic m cocca bui in^ peme octif Ulca. 1f
joDe fvo jabot) artijabait coxal icifi c|iichaib iniDeiijaib. Ocuf \v>
nncaD Dtijef) ^nf umpafeic.

[CiD po Deyia m pefiunD D'aipucc a cuaiD, ocuf ctnia

1 ' Eric' -fine. In C. 778. this paragraph is differently given as follows:
"After this the Feini sent to demand 'eric'-fine, because of their having lieen
overreached, and they demanded ' eric'-fine for their bondmaid and restoration <>f
their land. Eight was Hot ceded on this head in the time of Ailell, son of Matach,
and the Ultonians had no full king until Coirpri (inathrhoir came; in whose time
the Feini wished to take an immediate distress from the Ultoninns, but no one durst
drive it off until Asal. s<m of Conn, a champion of the I-Viin Tt-mhrach, took it from
Mogh, son of Nuadhat, the steward-bailiff of the king of Uladh."

SENC1IUS ilOK. 75

and he gave her a stroke of his horsewhip. She became vexed
and reproached the king with his blemish ; whereupon he gave
her a blow with his sword and divided her in twain.

He then went off and plunged into Loch Rudhraidhe where he
remained a day and a night. The lough bubbled up from the contest
/, li'-r-cn him and the sea-monster, so that the noise thereof reached
far into the land. He afterwards came up and appeared on the
surface of the lough, having the head of the monster in his hand, so
that all the Ulstermen saw him, and he said to them, " I am the
survivor, Ultonians." He afterwards descended into the lough,
and died ; and the lough was red from them for a month afterwards.
Concerning which was sung :

" Fergus, son of Leidi the king,
" Went into Fertais Rudhraidhe.

He saw a form of no great beauty, & 6tW W**' ****<*
" Which was the cause of his blemish."

After this the Feini demanded 'eric'-fine 1 for their bondmaid, and
the restoration of their land, for the land of the Feini had been for
seven score years under the Ultonians, viz., during the time of
Fergus, and of Conchobhar, and of Coirpri Gnathchor ; and their
right had not been ceded to the Feini by the people of the North
until the time of Coirpri Gnathchor ; or no king had at all ruled over
the Ultonians from Fergus till Coirpri Gnathchor, by whom law
;is ceded to Asal, son of Conn, a champion, who was the steward-
bailiff to the king of Temhair. And he placed his horses on the '
land of Inbher Ailbhine, and Mogh, son of Nuadhat, the steward-
bailiff of Coirpri Gnathchor, came and drove them out of it, saying,
" Is it the reason that thou hast put thy horses here, because it was
taken from thee formerly 1 !" "Was it from us then it was taken?"
said he. Or he went to take distress, and to recover the land and
the ' eric-fine for the ' cumhal' from the men of the North, and the
steward of the men of the South took three cows in distress, but
they escaped from him, and he took six cows afterwards with their
calves in distress, and drove them off ct{*yiy-, for they were unable
to put them into a shed, because of the war that prevailed between
the Feini and the Ultonians. From this is derived the rule that an
immediate distress may be taken between countries which are at
strife. And his right was ceded to him respecting them. J-fJJ

What is the reason that the land was restored by the people o/the
North, and that ' eric -fine for the woman was not restored, whereas

76 -Senchup

DISTRESS, in ben, ocuf cuyiub yie heijrticc oj;lu cuccat) ceccayi tie ? 1p in pic
^ T)e T la ' T)0 1" 1111116 m bean cuain pogtnt m bu mluf hi, ocuf nochu
oejinu 111 pefiunn yojuil, m bu mluy he ; octiy fio cuic fern 1 niifi-
jiaiinnf tion pjjuil pn,., 1y a\]ie na haipccufi a ruanj,-ocuf bin
^n p3iumn a cuatn fie fie Concubuifi, ocuf efijupx,

dn po nejia m pefiunn Ti'aifiucc a ruaif) ocu|^ nbec a vnuit>

a1 U> "uiivolijeT) 1115 lap, ci\i placuib ^iniiti^CTiii rut
, nech nep,cti|i fe\\ ^eme pojluafacc," .1. ife in fat
coitiuii-Dugat) T>O jxinnei) icifi na voS^ib ann, .1. Goclia
Oelbunie |io nia|xbaT> a\\ cimnnyice pe^ju^a ann, ocuf ^.15 ctncif>
he, ocii]" i\o T)li5Ufnufi ocn cuinala necc iciji 1-p.aii ocuf enead.dini
ina yuiiugoT); }\o ntigflfCBfl nof cumala ma let atfie^ ocuf ma
lee eneaclann, 1 cuba na hatnine |ie peiijuf, uaifi ni fio bu p>lluf
r>"an annul aiyi; comt) fecc cumala picic pn uile T>O pe-p-iajuf. Ho <*t*4K "
cont>a eneclunn a niafibati a 51 II, uaiia ba jeall gan cniT)eT) fie
111 geall cucai) aiiiaoh, i:p,i cumala pchtn no 1 n-aiyiafi ocuf 1
n-eneclunn. Uai^i p.o bui pfiefabyia ac yeii^uy ]Wf m can ym.
Ho -DligufTn]^ buiTie, mac CCinnnyiech, emeclann a mafiboT)
ioa inline, .1. aifie pot^igill meoDunuch he, ocuf ^e cumala DO ma
emeclann. Ho Dligii^cufi a t>ei\bbiaati-p, emeclann no ma mafibaf) ;
atfve a\\.T> he, ociif ceicfii cumula T>O ma emuclunn ; cuna ciii
cumula fecc ajx pchic pn fio aqiunifi m luchc apif, ocuf fecc
cumula pchun ^o acjiucufX mluchc a cuait; ocuf T>O
T'-'comaix'ouga'D ecuiiyiu, ocuf f e lecaiyine paic
cumula t>'iumufiqiuiT> ap, m luchc a ruatt), cunaf) mnci pn 110
haipcet) m c-1nnbi]\ n-T)eblmne a nuait> ajiif .

Ocuf if polluf af pn m eifiicc no be^a nume amac, T>acecmuT)
yo^tnl T>O nenum i\if m ri 6 mbejwfl, cu n-uixailiunT>
eifiicc bunein no, naman pe^fi hi ma etyncc ele].

1 T/ie heirs. Compare C. 2216.

2 For Me authority of Fergus was oppfiseil This \voulil appear to be an explana-
tion why Fergus paid full honor-price for the (loath of Doni, whilst ln> only got
half honor-price for Dora's having reproached him. It is stated in the Book of
Ballymote, C. 1534, that when a king was opposed he only got half honor-price.

Other ' eric -fine If one man commits a crime for which he pays another six
'cumhals,' and that afterwards the other man injures him to the amount of nine
'cumhals,' it is evident that there is a balance of three 'cumhals.' But it appears,
from the words of the commentator, that it was the rule that when the latter ' eric'-

SENCIIUS MOR. 77

buth had been given as 'eric'-fine for trespass ? The reason is, the DISTRKSS.
woman committed an offence in the North for which she was for-
feited, and the land did not commit any offence for which it could
be forfeited ; but it was returned in part payment for that trespass,
i.e., the killing of Dorn. And this is the reason why it (' erw-Jinefor
the woman), was not restored by the people of the North, and it (the
f'ni'J), had been in the possession of the North during the reigns of
Conchobhar, Fergus, and Coirpri Gnathchoir.

What is the reason that the land was restored by the people q/"the
North when it had been out of the possession of the Feini during the
time of three persons, for " The privilege of a king is established
after three reiirns, and the Feini cannot remove the heirs," 1 i.e. the
reason is, a balance was struck between the crimes here, i.e. Eochaidh
Belbhuidhe was killed while under the protection of Fergus, who,
being the king of a province, was entitled to eighteen 'cumhals,'
both as ' irar'-fine and honor-price for the violation of his protection ;
there were also due to him nine ' cumhals' for his half ' irar'-fine and
half honor-price, in compensation for Dorn having reproached Fergus
with the blemish, foiJie was aot aware that^ hfi-ka4 the blemish; so
that this was altogether twenty-seven ' cumhals' to Fergus. Ifanui'-
prit-p w;is deniamled liv the Ftini for the killing of the pledge, for
the pledge they had given was a pledge without limitation of time,
and for it twenty-three ' cumhals' were payable by him for ' irar'-fine
and honor-price. For the authority of Fergus was opposed at this
time. 2 Buidhe, son of Ainmirech, was entitled to honor-price for the
killing of his daughter, i.e. he was an Aire-forgill of the middle
rank, and was entitled to six ' cumhals' as honor-price. Her brother
was also entitled to honor-price for her death ; he was an Aire-ard,
and was entitled to four 'cumhals' as his honor-price; so that this
which the men of the South demanded, amounted to thirty-three
cumhals, and the men of the North demanded twenty-seven ; and a
balance was struck between them, and it was found that an excess
of six ' cumhals' was due by the men of the North, for which Inbher
Debhline was again restored by the men of the North.

And it is evident from this, that when a man has paid 'eric'-fine, .
should the person to whom it has been paid commit a crime against *Jf'
luin, the law orders that his own ' eric'-fine should be restored to the
former, should it be better than the other ' eric'-fiue. 3

fine exceeded the former, the former, if possible, should itself he returned in part
payment of the iii'.

78 -Senchup TTlup.

DISTRESS. Cmt) cin map gabcro acbgabail, ocuy cia po jab, ocuf cm ptic
cec bpec fjtnppe ? [Sen mac CCije bepr; cec bpec pop-p m arhjd-
C. 779. bail po ifin T>dil cpicbe but laif ria rpi cmela bump if 111 in-p
, - 1 - V eiT)1 > ocu f tllnrt.ocBf Leogjp. pjijellefrap TUTI Sen mac
ige imin arbgabdtl fo, ocuf nn a rip, ocuf'nnnun cumtnl.
OeixrfiiSe raifiucc in ripe a ^eilb Cmnn Cercoping, ocuf a cimul,
ocuf bejifite T)i!fi na cumuile on pe po ammefntip m pi, octip
af aipe inapb'uf pcpguf ma cmca, 1-p T>e oca : " wba a cm la
cinruch." Oepr cuipitcc na arhgabala a fpirlufi, octif in robucli
io\\r\ BO bee la tuaiu ocuf a ctmul no gpep if in ninpi fo ctibpdrh.]
b wu, ti!la$l#j /-few -nwo (fajfjt, forf fawM, a^Wta/fc o*<4 Cftfao)

I

Sean mac CCige bepra cec bpecha po|i[c(ch]5abuil co
Tiait qiichi bvn la qii ceneta faejia ]ianT)fac m
fo. 1r an"D bfieca teo, oena T)o neoch nefom,
t)ia canaipb; ctucche p|n conT) ctunTJegaji, 'Dechma'D
uT)iiaT), atle T>o mnaib, aile T)ec Tioib im ]ioe,
"DO 1115, qiep uactiaiT) T>o hrcamup, aji a mocli-

T)o dnmich; qaeipe "Dec T>o ra|i qnch qi"a-
"ecmai a fait)b|ie each; aji po|ib|\ife |n each a pccn-
nire, ap, ij^ caqlam^ fotn poii^ell pop, each fiecht, ache
ia Tia comgiiaT) Ti'mfwiicaib, no rui, tio eprcop, no
TieopaT) t)e.

Sean mac CCij;e, -i- 'DO Conacraib T>O, .1. Sen mac CCigi, no

mac CCitetla, ip e fiucuycap. in cec bixechernnu-p, .1. cec U|ieif1u j innu^

ucbain, pencTiap *po\i 111 gabail air, r\o a-oa, .1. a vail yo^i am ba am vl l

i-u-p,p6c-|aa, ocuy> a -puil pofi cfieip ba cpeip pop. pun.o5iui, -1- t>ia v'S1 lu m

Veichetii coicTieT>a c^xeip pn.1 fie nuptiTO cumgi pecemun, m T>le5Ujv fie eile

i Sean. The copy in II. 3, 17 col. 29, O'D. 31, adds that before this time even-
territory had its own particular custom, :m,t that he was the first who dcri.lvd
concerning the immediate distress.

SENt'IIUS MOR. 79

What was the crime for which the first distress was taken, who DISTRESS.
took it, and who first pronounced sentence respecting it ? Sen, son -
of Aighe, pronounced the first decision respecting this distress at the
territorial meeting held by the three races who were then in this

island, i.e. the Feini, and the Ultonians, and the Laighin. ./Sen, son "- <*M* ui ' *
of Aighe, tnTLdf""'' 1 " * ""n.ninjr this distress, and concerning the
land and the bondmaid. He made a restoration of the land into the
possession of Conn Cedcorach and his tribe, and he pronounced the
forfeiture of the bondmaid from the time that the king was blem-
ished, and from the time that Fergus killed her for her offence,
from which is derived, " the crime dies with the criminal." He gave
a restoration of the distress, and ordered that the levying of it should
be made by his people and his race for ever in this island.

Sean, son of Aighe, passed the first j udgrnentf re-
specting distress at a territorial meeting held by the
three noble tribes who divided this island. There it
was decided by them that one day should be allowed
for all necessary things, three days for the next to
them, five to sue tho chief, ten for prescription, two
for women, twelve for the same respecting land, three
for the king, three days to the same for levying a
distress in a subordinate territory, so as quickly to get
rid of him from the territory ; thirteen days for him
to go across a territory whore afr4iave the property
o4keir_cank; for the king excels all in testimony, for
he can, by his mere word, decide against every class of
persons except those of the two orders ti-rel-iqien-vr ^

. 1 -77- 7- T

U&mrng who are oi equal rank wwi himself, as the #
doctor, or the bishop, or the pilgrim." ir. Exile

of God.

Sean 1 son of Aighe, i.e. he was of the Connaughtmen, i.e. Sen, son of
or Sencha, son of Ailell, was he who passed the first judgment, i.e. the first judg-
ment mentioned in the Senchus concerning immediate or lawful distress, i.e. respect-
ing that which has a stay of one day, there iV one day alluirtil for giving notice.
and respecting that which has a stay of three days, there ^re three days for giving
notice, i.e. if the plaintiff has given a notice of three days as the period of notice of
suing the "defendant, he is not entitled to any other time to (sue the defendant/ *O^A 4*

80 Senchu'r

DISTRKSS. vpi cumge vechemctn. Co nail cp,ichi but Ice epi cenela faepa,
.1. cuicena no nenam -01, .1. cuf in nail TIO piiniei) icip IKI )'<i<-|irlai]naib, .1.
Illai-n ocuf Peni T~emp,ach ocuf &n,na "Oenan; no Utain, oeuf aileoin,
ocuf &pna, .1. ifin cpich i mopnail Uvpiig i 111 me. Vlannf ac m mnf i
4fo, .1. cuicena no nenam TO. 1f ann bpeca leo, .1. if ann no
bfietemnaij; leo, .1. laif na heotcaib, .1. i n-tlifnec; ocuf po bui tn ach-
C. 1190. gabail cen anan, cen apan, cen nicim. Oetia no neoch nef om, .1. anan

naen Ute ap in fee, .1. lulgach d^x icatc na ceceon,a nefcnm 111-0, [nefarn CiF H 3i
coifgeia, nefam if coifgeiia teif T>O gabail yve caicetii po ce-Doiji, 5(111
;oa laririaiT) an, nee aile, ocuf nefam comaicrub', T>oib a leic ma caerrroa
nuicixeib, ocuf nefuin cinai-DT)6hen.eicacinaT> poce-ooiix; nefamfaiT)bn,e
66 he \ie beic na -poanboji bunein ^an a lan-iiftTO an, nech ele.] T3n,eif i
oia canaiy ib, .1. ancro -]\ei-pi pon, in fee if canaife T>I, in bo innlxiej,
ocuf noca cefca ace aen nefam T>I, .1. tanuifi coifci, .1. cac fee dec!
/rt>a cabairic an, nefam, no na caicem ?o cecoiyi, ana-o aine ain,, ocuf T>ieim
cyietp, ocuf if ini a cmoD pein film na hanca fin, ocuf if a naen muis;
fin; ocuf if vp.1 ic, no p-ri, no fena, no peicnemnuf, uaiyv ,in fie, no in
cancro biaf an, na fecaib, 5tin.ub en bef an, in pp,; ocuf ainail ixtcaigic
1HU151 ocuf cjxicha ana* na fee, if atnLaii) vaieigic anan na pri, no
iocona vaicesnaif muige ictn, anon na pp.. Cuicche pn.1 conn cum-
negari, -i- cuicei pn.1 cunigm na famaifce on connach i cpicn, no pe
ian,n,aea na veicheman i criic in cuicti, m can na bi m foanbun, m ef ariiaif c
110 in pjicliemnuf, Tve <fak<Jv txvf (UtrUAitv * -fri WM^ frtfaflw *.

Va, ^tTV|*- vW^wa* ot&jdji/& ^4 <vnk cu^cl* c bwv <&& a,
-t. a-ft** <o, dWn ^ o7vrtt4 . P'A

O'D. 31. [Cyuch 1 nieoKun ftn, ocuf cuicri rofirn 11150 f cac co fvia in nn
vi-fecnoyl e^ninr) vule, tio cuic ta -o6c ipn cuicet); ocof tii ftiil m
fechuminif mce ann pn, ocuf -oa tnbec, noca rnbia |ie T>O |\e
liiaftUit) m fecumun]. Mo enf, coif, aifneif in fo ff,i cmngit)

O'D. 31. feicheman, .1. m errenga m feft [rue] an oxhgab'ail latf , rmaf)
cutcci co cuca cac a CODTI, .1. a aige fine, ^uf a [ctnnneguii] cm

"Oecliman ppi punfian, .1. mi um ann ecm fencain no cunigin, CITJ
fee aine, .1. anan necmame yx>n, na fecaib bif i\e necli umuicli jie comae
punanca, ceinan fee aine he af a nuatcuf vein, cit> nefam cm nemnefam. ~C -?
CCil-e no mnaib, aite nee noib im n,oe, .1. aiti nee noib, no na ninnit>,
ii'imm ven,ann, .1. each uatri if apan eeoria nnecmame no bepac pip, if
apan ceopa cecpuimce no bepac mna, .1. each achgabait uili gebuf ben,

> Ernai. There is ;i reference in the Harleian copy to a meeting with Patrick lit
Maghinseladh, but it is in the margin, in a different hand, and is not in the other
copies.

SEXCIIUS MOR. 81

At a territorial meeting held by the three noble tribes, i.e. to divide it DISTRESS.

(Ei in) into provinces, i.e. at the meeting held between the noble tribes, i.e. the

Ultonians, and the Feini of Temhair, and the Krnai-Dedadh ; or they were the
Ulaidh. and the Galeoin, and the Ernai, 1 i.e. in the territory, at the great meeting
at 1 isiieeh in Meath. AVho divided this island, i.e. who made provinces of
it. There it was decided by them, i.e. by the learned, i.e. at Uisnech, and
the distress had been without stay, without notice, without delay in pound. One
day for all necessary things, i.e. a stay of tine day upon the distress for a
thing which is an article of necessitv, i.e. a milch cow; for there are four nt>o

A . * ' . jLt I i..ml. _ i . ~1 .' .

thin:.--. Manet of life. i.e. s4

'l*&- *** *? lmtJLtr*fJr&, to Ut ' . ./; 7***>^>^*4jvtv-

iv iituuj^jiate use, without having to ask w*r-m of any other person ; ninn e- , ;

o, r---i- . ^^ V^t fr-r n<^" tr ft- -Uf&-j*

for his offences; article. i neuui.ary for, a, purtbifi rirnk, i.e. sucli as are a persun s

"wn if"il prr[M'rty fritlvnt 'i-l-in;: thifH "f any other per-on. Three days for
the next to them, i.e. a stay of three days for the tiling next to it, i.e. the incalf-
cow, and it is the next indispensable thing but one to it, i.e. the necessaries of life
o r the next to it, i.e. every thing which is given, and which is an article of ne< -ea-
sily or one of immediate use. lias a stay of one day upon the distress for it, and a
delay in pound of three days, and these stays an- fm persons own "flem es. and when
there is but one territory in question ; and it (the tliftn .-.-) is for payment, or proof, or
denial, or legal assistance, for the period or the time that is for the things themselves,
is what is for the proof ; and, accordingly, as places or territories extend the stay for
the things themselves, so they extend the stay for the proof, or according to others,
places should not at all extend the stay for the proof. Five days to sue, &>.,
i.e. live .lays for suing the heifer from the chief in the territory, or thrUTe-days is
the period for seeking deferrtents in fterritoru, when the heifer is not in a person's dr-fa ttfWM
>n, or u-/itn they have not legal asssistance.

This is a^aentrnl territory, and each territory increases it by five
days until it amounts to a month throughout all Erin, or fifteen days
in a province ; and he has not legal assistance then, and if he had,
there should not be time to seek the defendant. Or the proper
information here to be given is to seek the defendant, i.e. if the
man who carried off the distress with him be not a lawyer, there is a
stay of five days until lie names his chief, i.e. the head of his tribe,
who is sued for the crime of his kinsman.

Ten days for prescription,U.e. the thing for which it is necessary to seek
an antiquary,* though it be a thing on which the stay is one daj, i.e. there is a a j r .<;?<,-
stay of ten days for the things which arc out of a per- inn during the. chaid/te.

period of prcscrijitiou, whether it be a thing on which the stay is one day in its
own nature, whether it bean indi>pcn>ahle thing or not. Two days for women,
twelve days for the same respecting land, i.e. they, the women, have
twelve day 8 respecting land, i.e. whenever it is a notice of thrice ten days men give, it
is a' notice of thrice four days women give. i.e. in every distress that a woman takes.

G

r>isTRES3. ip apa^ tiaili, ociip ana naili ocup T>icmi cet1ip.uirnti. Tpeipi no pij;,
.1. comlogoT) icip, cuuic ocup 1115 nmpo, .1. ni cuiTigro yoni abicro up. am,
iimp 111 auntie pom apaT>, .1. tfietpi iap,tai;i po, ocup 111 710. ruip,im in
opa-6, ocup bmro tpeipi uarjha 710, .1. tpepue, ipi m rp.ep m T>O beip. m in
t iiria ae, mice caingm, .1. apai>a, ocup cp.opcT>, ocup rpeipi imoeimnijrlii
map- ap, gp/roatb plata acpup-. Tpefi uachatTj TJO In crunup, .1.
tpeipi -Dec acbeipmi, .1. uacliaTi T>O riietpb, .1. m utiicaijt beop

CCen Cjieiii TIO ac in airtipugai) a ae, a camjjni, TIO cach.no ac
I WMk aini r u 5 a * apach, no ac^chmuf, 1 1111115 bici cpcli ainn|t0ijinaiT),
n f)k MM- '" ' 1 ' Tna 5^ 1 ^ ec a r Tla ^5 5 1ct ^ aiiiail Ciai\i\ai5e Cuixche, aiiiatl
ara p.\ Cm-[ip.m^e Luacjxa fO]\ Cofica baivcmn, no 1:011 1115
llainlent), no aniail ara fvi Ciiumtaint> <po]i Coyico ITlunice.

^1f ai]ie if 5aii>ic a fie coicheti fo, .1. tiaeixruarha no na fiij;aib
1 x o iar, .1. ana-o ctabetc aufipociao ant) cembe uft/pocjia, ace 13011110-
fcen mo T>lief> : ocu^ ni Decmuf) na cuicri beii i^nf, afi ni bpuigtic-
inibi, ociiy 1-p ^\ipT)e af eccen ufiyocixo 'cuicin no

1nann m cfteife einiceimnijci ociif m rfieife laixtiaige, ocuf
in c^eife T>ecTnaiT>e. tlataT) T>O Cjxeife hi ahaenajx m
ioimceimni5Ci, eimcenrinuigaT) no can arligabail no jabail,

^naige, .1. taixpnn apana arapn. J1n rixet^e nec[t1jlge]
no necniam apain, ocuf no qieife iixn(d5; co 1x0 eiin-

$j cunncen cac a robacli yxif m ixe pti. "Ot na gfianaib ptata ara

1 fin, aft uaiiliaruise no be)xaix noib.

is CCn. a rnocli -Dingbatl T>O chuaich, .1. af, a oinjbail na
cotnoch T>onctiait; i-paifie acam cyxei-pi utrchai7)T>ono^a|iT>in5bailaiTiach
1^X1 fie na tfieifi. "C-j\e\^e oec T>O cap. cp,ic>i, 1. Tiectnaf) apaTO ocu-p
cjieip Itncfttnnigtl) ocup ij> a-p pn ip polup conaT> i m uT>ai5 Dei^nnicli
Don apa-6 a-oatg m civoi\;chi ; no n aparo, ocup a rt\eipi mficaigi fio cui]inn
CCi\ a necini)iy a pai-obn.e, .1. cu\ia. enicuinsirliep, -oo m po in
Titigep, ip uime T>O beip, a coicro, .1. ^00 tia vediemnaib- (.Cji
|xi, .1. ap, cia vT 1 '^T ll r lT> ln T 11 a V- cac ' 1 Toume ip ipli tnap 1111
yp-epan V'cr'" 1 ' 11 ^ 6 ! nocan vopbpipipe im vf 1 "^'"^^ a coic1iet>a, ace map,
biup T>O cac gpa-D ua-pal cena, ocup pi cevfav goma 5aip.T)e a coicmr) pirn

1 Fasting. Part of the process of distress amongst the ancient Irish, in certain
cam, was that the parties before makin<; it, sliould go to the residence of the
defendant, and wait there without food fur a certain time.

2 Ciarraiyhe Cuirche. Kerrycurrihy, a barony in county of Cork.
8 Ciarraighe Luachra County of Kerry.

* Corca Baiidnn. The two Corca Baiscinns originally comprised the haronies
of Clondulaw, Moyarta, and Ibrickan, in the west of the county of Clare.

* Raithltnn. Th*rtlnnrt nf Tfnthl;n | rnr* 11 " f ""'inty nf /Vntrim

* Crimi/it/innn. Now an^liri.-cd Cruffon, comprising barony of Klllyan, and part
of barony of Ballimoe, in the county of Galway.

SEXCHUS MOB. 83

it is a notice of two day-, a stay of two days, and a delay in pound of four DISTRESS.

.lays tlml flit uiv.it nllnw. Three days for a king, i.e. this is an adjustment

between the country and the king, i.e. he doec not <ui> tVr liis food-tribute in one
day. :ind they do not seek notice, i e. this is a case in which there are three addi-
tional days, and the notice is not reckoned in it, and he shall have three days only,
!... trosa<V which is one of the three things that the king gives for his ' ae, 1 i.e.
his cause, i.e. notice and fasting, 1 and three day* gran- if he sues persons of the rhiei-
t;:iu grade. Th ree day s only for h ini _/'/ lery' '( in a subor-

dinate territory, i.e. thirteen days verily, i.e. one instance of the tlin < day-,
i.e. the three additional days also.

He has three days to prosecute his cause, i.e. his contract, or to

sue for debts, or to sue in a ' camus,' in a small plain in a territory } Mi- KMM t Ml- Mg^.
! -rH-a rugged position, i.e. a small plain out of which he is not en-
titled to a hostage, such as Ciarraighe Cuirche, 2 or as the king of
Ciarraighe Luachra 3 in Corca Baiscinn, 4 or upon the king of Eaith-
lenn, 5 or as the king of Crumhthann 6 is in Corca Muinche.

The reason that the time of suing is short, is because they are
tributary territories to these kings, i.e. there is stay whether there
is notice or no notice, but "pay mo my rijflit," he says: and it is not fif WX
ten days or five days he gives for it, because there is no Ugaision
respecting it, and i/ litoff-wrrf it is on this account a notice of five
days or ten days would be necessary.

The three days grace, and the three additional days, and the three / ~fiw
days with ten, are the same. The three days grace is the one
instance of the three days, i.e. avoiding without taking distress, and
the three additional days come after the notice. The three days
with ten correspond with the ten days of notice, and the three
additional days ; and each can levy it in that time. For the chief- t^w. > <>*
tain grades this is allowed, and it is on account of their rank it is
granted to them.

So as quickly to get rid of him from the territory, i.e. to send him // , /
quickly out of the territory/; it is for this reason that the three days only are al- ^*^, '/
lowed him, i.e. to drive him out within the period of three days. Thirteen
days for him to go across a territory, i.e. the ten days for notice, added to
the three days of avoiding; and from this it is evident that the last night of the
notice is the night of the fasting; or his notice and his three additional days are
reckoned here. Where all have the property of their rank, i.e. that he may
here get the thing to which he is entitled from the debtors, is the reason that he
brings his suit. For the king excels, i.e. for although the king excels every
person who is lower than himself respecting testimony, he will not excel them in
extending the time nfhh suit, but he is like every other person of noble grade, and it
is thought that his suit is shorter in a territory on account of his nobility. For
he can decide against every kind of person, i.e. with respect to tendering

G 2

84 enchup nflofv

DISTRESS, icpich an. pop.uaipliT>ec. CCp. if cuatamg pom pop-gell pop. each
pechc, .1. im pp.epan paTinaipe pop. each p,ichc omne ip ipli map. .1. ip
e cuic m an,a airo, uaip. a t>ubp,utnaip. p.otiiainn, .1. cpeiyi T>ec -no cap.
cp.ic. Vop, each p,ecc, .1. ina tip, CCchc aT>a corngp-aT) T>inp.aicaib,
J'.L ace na sp.ai7> inT>p.aice -oaca T>acutp,timupeneclainni icip. penT>aic ocup
eijxic, .1. no T>a pileT) no r>a byxiugaiT) no -oa placa. No put, .1. m pep.
No m c-eppoc, ocup vp a-pp ym gabcu|X vetToaic -oo na
ecnat. No T>eofiaT> -oe, -t. ap, bcra6in.

Mi nualainj ^ot) jaba acgabail nq T)1 po^naifc, mamf
3 *' f [ ( ^2IQ5? 1C ] r ui ^ en 5^ a ' D PO lq[Mnrtf otpechca coniT) pp,i

fWfc titufichefi, ap, ni puifxjle nech ta feme m
^ 1jr -Diqie o lejxtib aipechca tieich

Ni cuatamg ^OTJ gaba achgabail, .1. noc cutmcech jvo gabata na

hachgabala. Na TM pojitiai'pc, .1. mamb pechem ai^aif, .1. in ci na

irctnmcech a uayxA -ponaT>ma ap, ana-o ap, puc 1 laim ancalg tall. TT1 an i -p

O'D. 34. [comcheic] yutcengcaT), .1. tnvma p.oib aca comec in T>e5tenj;aiT> uai-p,

O'D. 610, in bp.eicein [no comar> e in caijne] ma comicecc ac agabail. ^6

^eap,at) aip,echca, .1. no poipjchmcetin peicco p.uicem baile i mbi [in ae

O'D. 34. pon.ecc] no m ae voT>ip.5iT>ecaiT), .1. pen, gaec eolac m cac cacpa, .1. -pp,etais

lo'olige'Oin aip.ecnc. ConiT) vp,i p,opc p,tiip,chep., .1. cup, ub i paimaipe

a p,uipc i\o aip,cet) amacli hi, .1. cup, ab t>o p,eip, eolaig p,o ppe. CCp. n i

puip,j;te nech, la Peine, ni na-o aip,iche, .1. noca vofislici -no neoch

t>o p,eip, in pemechaip m ni nac -oeimm laip, .1. muna be a paronai-pe

Sabata na achgabala na po bpipcep, .1. cobatp,c. 1 p T>icp.e 6 te-paib

2raip,echca, .1. ip -01 coip,echca o lep ip in aip,echc m ci nach aichnenn

am ait gebcap, in achgabail.

jaibec ecuma aifiechca, na aujicuiUre ficrch[a],
na ecoip, naT)ma, na uatf naifiechca; mp gaib mug, na
buachail, na pulta, na pui-oiji, na peji

3oNip- gaibec ecuma aipechca, .1. nocha gabaic hi 111 luce p,o hec-

O'D. 85. cucp.umaiiT> Ian p.ip na hup,n,[aT>]atb [bicl ip in aip.ecc, .1. na -oeop-a^a,

nococucaic up.pa'oa leo po Ian leo, .1. cu liap ocup macha. Na aup.-

'h '

~

SENCHUS MOR, 85

evidence against every kind of person who is lower than he is, i.e. the force of the DISTRESS.
" for," is because, we have said before, he has thirteen days to go across a territory.
A-uinst every kind of person, i.e. in his country. Except those o/the
two orders of religion and learning, who are of equal rank with
himself, i.e. except tlje grades of purity, who have twice the amount of his honor-
price between penance and ' eric'-fine, i.e. the two poets, or the two brewys, or the
two chiefs. Or doctor, i.e. the man of learning. Or the bishop, and from
this is derived, "penance for the grades of wisdom." Or pilgrim, i.e. as such.

He is not capable of taking distress who is not

able to bind it, nor unless, he is accompanied by an

<*(*^<.ti*~ '^^ff^f' L^Sr?r-tf J -<H~ c J f . !-,
advocate* w6o-t&-ablej>-aidr^bm-trfrtt!- Ike-deemm- of Ir - El -

quent

tke-eourt, unlcoa it ia taken before his eyes, for no one speaker.^
with the Feini witnesses a thing of which he is not ^ ^^J^,
He who does not know these dis-

tinctions is shut out from the benefits of the court.

He is not capable of taking distress, i.e. he is not competent to take the
distress. Who is not able to bind it, i.e. unless he is a law agent who can
Wad, i.e. a person who is capable of binding it to the full time of stay in the hands
of the debtor. Unless accompanied by an advocate, 6 i.e. unless the noble b It. Good
speaker, i.e. the Brehon, or the advocateJaccompany him tojguard him in taking it. spea
To aid him until flic cfrijfTi'fin <\f ihn rnnrt i.e. he assists him until he
reaches the place where the cause is heard and adjusted, i.e. a man wise and learned
in every pleading, who ntuitfi thn .case at the court Taken before his eyes,
i.e. -vBieB-it has been taken out before his eyes, i.e. according to the direction of a
li-a rued man of truth. For no one, with the Feini witnesses, &c., i.e. for
one should not bear witness, according to the Fenechus, concerning a thing of which
he is not certain, i.e. unless he has been present at the taking of the distress, to
witness that it has not been injured, i.e. in the bringing of it. Shut out from
the benefit of the court, i.e. he is woluded from the benefit of the law, who
does not know how the distress is to be taken.

Nor should it be taken byjho^e unqualified for the

ttdjA jfT-rr- TriM~C ' : a*a. ,

court, by those who are forbioTdca-4o : -ge-6eetHaty, by

-^>ur4' 'Ti^vw-^Tyvs 1 . , . f. f

those incapable of maMng a cofrtfaret, by the cnieis 01 fa*As.f
the court; neither shall it be taken by a labourer,
nor a cowherd, nor a lunatic, nor a ' fuidhir,' nor a
man wittuw*- support. ?t*/ 4nHtfu( fo

Nor should it be taken by those unqualified for the court, i.e.
those persons do not take it who have a qualification inferior to that of the
natives who sit in the court, i.e. the strangers, until they bring natives with them

Senchiif ffloji.

86

o^xov -MAwn/

t)iSTKESs. cuillce nctcha, .1. ban.T>, ocuf lecceyvo, ocuf cuinci [.1. in ci if un,cuillci
DO gabail an,acacuf, .1. na oeon.uiT) ocuf na mun,cun,ca], .1. m n,aich oo
cuaiT) voix in uiipocp,a con, mbel.

O'D. 35.

1T1 af fie aific ra fee T>O cuaiT) fi, aif[i]crafi wnne iar, tminafi
finn ; ocuf ma fio icufnqi if flan eifuin. Cia cucaT)
fon, culu, tnaf fie -Dilfi na -pec T>O cuaiT) m iicurh, if eceti
D1 aicligm -D'IC cap, a ti-eifi.

IS a ecoin. no-oma, .1. mac beo acnafi, .1. m ci if ecoin, DO ;
ii<nT>m nafcaiiiecc. Ma uaif n-aii"iechca, .1. fui,

a HU in luce ir> 7)01151 T>O necn im camj;in|vn,if if'n oiuechc. -/.
. '. f ^ . i fl... '*. |- j.f. ..-

, .1. ~ i

1n T>eo)iaiT> cia beic lutf ociif maclia aice, cm cobe, nocha
n-mnligcec nennififaenia a roichetia a n-iifiixaT>uf, inu nenilecuT)
T>O jabail na liarjabala, no co rucatti ufiiiaT) maf. aen ftif.

1f m-nhgiT) imoyifoi a cam neinixfaeiiia a uoicheTia m -Deofiaif)

ifoca ra lutf ocuf macha, cm co cucca Uftfoai) ma^x aen p.if , octif

t>a leiccefx a elot, ara fiach eloite T>O, ocuf T>a nue^xna 1

a gabail na hafjabala, oca pac niTjligit) arhgabala OD.

O'D. 36.

In T>eo|iaiT) nnuftfio ac na fuil liaf na machat), noro n-i
rec nemufifaemati a roichet>a i cam na 1 n-ufqxaTiuf , no co cticaiT)
tijiyioT) maf(, aen f.if.

1la TieoftufiK ociif na tnuficuif.re, na nufi, acuf na h-ecoT>nai5,
ocuf na t>aiii, nocu ri-mtjlijcec nemuftfaemaD a coice'oa, naca
nemlecut) no 5abail arhgabala, cit> im a lef uoT>em, cit> mi lef
neic eile, no co rucaic ufqxati mafo aen im, cm 5abain he ayx lo
co f ajbuc.

TTlayio atfibeifteT) fim ufifiafi t>o cabai|ic leo, ociif m cucfac
[ocuf ni caficuf TilijeT) t>6ib, efiic tfioifce cafi nligeT) uaichib,
ocuf a n-achcuyi DO gfief. Ocuf] flan a n-elot> tio lecut), ocuf t>a

1 Contract. The following words are added in the margin, and they are also
in C. 787 : (tfi no yoniumyWuf poi\ na^uiibavj2 ayi m naif c la P^ine nrc

pun. na nafcuia, 111 robunif; nee yofi 110 robun^af.! one who cannot bind, canimt
levy, for he cannot l>ind with the Feini who cannot himself be bound. No jicrsiiii
can levy who cannot be levied upon.

2 Chief jtrofessvr, fin. This word is applied to a man of eminence in any par-
ticular department of learning. In the Book of Ballymote, c. 1,573, the |?ui
Licyu, 'the man learned in written history,' is called yeajx Lei jinn, or chief pro-
fessor, and is said to have the same honor-price as the king of one territory.

SENCHUS HOE.

87

of full qualification, i.e. with a shed ^ndamUk-vard. Who are forbidden to DISTKMS.

, , i , v. La. the bard, and theTO^S^nd the satirist, i.e. the person whom Of& f> -

i~t i. forbidden to take as a surety. Le. the stranger and the foreigner, i.e. the surety
who wnt .security In the east of notice of a verbal contract.

If he went security to restore the property, it is restored by him,
if the other does not pavit ; butif it is paid, he is safe.

.^v <>** the property be ^JwaSfif p'fiaJj gone security for the gS&^een- ^^ ^

( ^ 1V ~^ diti^H of the property, vf-it-be-Tiot in goochxmditian, he y must uaateM^-

"* B Tthose incapable of &^ c t, i.e. the son of a living father, (****,
i.e. the person whom it is improper to receive as security in a contact.'
chiefs of the court, Le. a chief professor,= a king, a prince,' i.e. persons against
whom it is difficult for one to urge a cause at the court.

Though the stranger should or should r.ot possess a cowshed and
a milking-yard, 4 it is not unlawful not to submit to his suit in
' Urradhus'-law, or to prevent him from taking distress, until he
brin <rs a native along with him.

But it is unlawful in ' Cain'-law uot to submit to the suit of the
stranger who has a fold and a milking-yard, eveu though he does
not bring a native along with him, and if there be evasion, a fine for
evasion is to be paid by the person who evades, and if illegality has
been committed in the taking of the distress, he (the stranger), has
to pay a fine for illegal distress.

But when the stranger has not a cow-shed or a milking-yard, it
is uot unlawful not to allow him to levy his suit in 'Cain'-law or
' Urradhus'-law, until he brings a native along with him.

As to strangers and foreigners, lunatics, infants and idiots, and
bondmen, it is not unlawful not to allow them to levy their suit, or
not to permit them to take distress, whether in their own behalf, or
the behalf of others, until they bring a native along with them, whe-
ther they procure him for a fee or not.

If they were ordered to bring a native with them, and have not
done so, and law was not offered them, they shall pay ' eric'-fine for
fasting illegally,' and they shall, in every such instance, be non- Mr. Oatof
suited. It is safe to evade them,and if they have taken illegal distress, "'

* A prince. In C. 787, the uaif n-ail\ecr.ta are described as being |xi, ocuf
rui ocuv erpuc, a king, a chief professor, a bishop.

1 4 ); --Marha' is still a living word for farm-yard, in the county

Kilkenny, and in some other counties.

88 -Sencbuf 171 op,.

DISTRESS, rn>qitiac mpltj; oehgabala, aea pach int>li J1T> aehjabala uataib,
O'D. 36. [' lee cuittpeea 611 T>eofiai7>, ocuf lee T>i?fi a pach ; ceeti)\umie

cuic fern on muyichuficha, ocuf ceehfiunne T>i?p pach; ocuy

nocha

f TTlunayi aifibeiyiet) -jxiu tif^icro T>O cab'aifie leo, T>U leiccefx a
ri-elot), if pach eloit>ce 'o'lCjim; octif aa Do'^ierfum mtiligiT)
achgabala noca nicac nac ni ann ; ocu-p ^vecfia tio naccain p)
cofiaib na iroeoiiaT) ocuf na Tiiuixctnfice ; ocuf faei\ait) tiligef) na
ini|i, octi-p na ecoT>nai, ocup na

/T1fla rucpac ujijiaT) leo, if r>i|i a roiclie-6 -o'ti^aeniaT), ocuf T>a
leiccheyx a n-elot), 1^ pac elorote t>'ic |nu, fo atcnet) T)eoyiatia
no muftcuiyice; ocuf tia nnejinac inT>liet> tiarhgabdla,' ip pach
iTTolijiT) arhjabula T>'IC T>oib po aicnei) m u|i|iaiT), ocuf icaiT) 111

O'D. 36. c-uixp.a'D m iDiaiiqxait) af ap, cuf , [lee na cine pec, no na rp.i
/reedifiaiifie,] ocuf cecaic 1 cuibDttif po Ian m Tieopxroa no 111

O'D.36,37. niu|icui|ice, co n-icair erafiivu, [111 c-U]iiiaT) m lee, ocup in

tieon,viiT) no in inuyicuiacti m lee ele; no in ceehi\uime na cute per,

ocuf m lee T>ilp pach -DO i\ofiinuchc on -ooep, ocuf on Tieoi\uiT)

ocuf on muficufieu ; cit> -oeoixuiT) aca ea liaf ocuf inacbu cm cu

> ber)h, nocnu npjil an T>ecbip, in ui\iiutiuf, ocuf aea a cam.

1nT)li5it> Don pscliunmm eoicet)a, apaT), ocuf efiofcui),
aehgabail T>o gabail um ni na]\

) t>on biunbut) a elui) fun -oo lecun nn TiliseT); ocup
atia n-mnligeT) atiaij 1 n-anaig. T)ia eaificeeiifi T>lieT> imoii^iu
ocuf efiofcuT) eaifiif , if pacb m^lijiT), no pac poni T)orfjmec
, ocuf cuic p30ie.]

1n paen'ole'Dach, ocuf m c-ufipscfiac, ocup m bafiT), ocup m
lecceyiT), ocup m camei, ocuf m pit, -p.1, |ii5T)atnna, ocup m mac
beoaehafi if 50^1, noca n-m-olijtec neniufipiema-o a eoichef>a nac
j c a neriilecut) T>O gaBail na naebgabala nn lef nee eile, no co
eucait) ui\-p,aT) niu^x aen leo, ma pjgabaie he a^ comlog tu> 1
n-aifciT>; ocuf cm co pxgbac, if r>i\i a coicheT) o'u|ipaemu'6, ocuf
a lecut> no gabail na bacligabala, map um a lef ooT>em ; noca

1 Sids. Five ' seds,' are equivalent to two cows throughout the Senchus Mor.

SENCHUS MOK, 89

they shall pay a fine for illegal distress, i.e. half five 'seds' 1 shall be paid DISTRESS.

by the stranger, and the forfeiture of one-half his claim ; the fourth

of five ' seds' by a foreigner, and the forfeiture of the fourth part of

his claim ; hirt r ft/4?vi my. IllHJi payable by the bondman taAy. ^ty- fa f^th 1

If they were not ordered to bring a native with them, and if they
are evaded, a fine for evading shall be paid to them ; and even though

they have taken illegal distress, they shall not pay any thing for it ; */ U.

ttttt he olialLanawr/ii>- it who geeks to gct.rid of his contracts with
the stranger or the foreigner ; and the law shall free the lunatics,
and the infants and idiots, and the bondmen.

If they have brought a native with them, it is right to submit to
their suit, and if evasion be committed, a fine for evading shall be
paid to them according to their condition, whether it be that of
strangers or foreigners ; and if they have taken illegal distress, a fine
for illegal distress shall be paid by them according to the rank of
the native, and the native shall pay the excess first, i.e. half the five
'seds,' or the three quarters, and they go into equal shares re-
specting the full amount of the fine of the stranger or the foreigner,
and they pay it equally between them, the native the one half, and
the stranger or the foreigner the other half; or the fourth of the five
' seds,' and the half of the lawful fine which accrued is to be paid by
the bondman, the stranger, and the foreigner; whether the stranger
has or has not a cow-shed or a milking-yard makes no difference in
' Urradhus'-law, but it does in ' Cain'-law.

It is unlawful for a plaintiff to give notice, to fast, and to take
distress respecting a thing to which heSg^not entitled.

It is unlawful for a defendant to evade him as to law ; and if he.
does, there are two illegalities face to face. But if his right has been
offered to him (a plaintiff), and if he still p^jseie**, he pays a fine
for illegality, or a fine according-to ili-lpnuik tr. Hiii-h hn ha? gone,
and five 'seds.'

As to the wanderer, and the outlaw, and the bard, and the haif-peelf;
and the satirist, and the chief professor, king, prince, and the son of a
living father who is obedient to his father it is not unlawful not to
submit to their suit or not to permit them to take distress in behalf
of another, until they bring a native along with them, if they can
obtain him for a fee or gratis ; but even though they do not, it is
right to submit to their suit, and to permit them to take the distress

90 Senchur 1T16|i.

n-iriT)licec nennififaetnoTi a coichetia, no co cucac ufi|iaf> leo t>a
fagot; he an ?<>jv

O'D. 37. [ITkro fio aifibeiftet> fim ufifuiT> T>O cabuifa; leo ocuf fogeb-oaif
j, e g irl ^ O g 5 |,} jrtt , , n-eluT> T>O lecan, ocuf Da n-oefinfar; in^ligeT)
rarligabata, olc m fern.]

Tllan jio aijibeifiet) fim uiifiao DO rabat^c leo, r>a leicce^i an
clof) utu pach eloit)te T>oib; ocuf cia Dqjhecfuin niDtigeT) arhga-
bala, noco mcac nac m, ocuf pjxecfia T>O ciaccam fo coiicub 111
i5 ocuf in ^uiipoqiatg ; no if y^xoqia r>o nemra^ixar-
ocu^ 7:1X60110 T>a nemoecin Dtijii) ac in IKIIID, ocnp ac m
tecceyin, ocuf ac m cainn, ocui" ac m rpai, p,i, ingnannm ; ocu^
37 i dJiAAwrt, V1 lec 1 la ^o ciarrum po co|\aib m nnc HTDaij- 5a'i\e, um\i if cm co

piuchejoo. 1f fen if cm co girlie ann, uyipaemaT) a roicheDa,
no aiijX'pKenia'D'DO gabai?, artigabula, noau^aeniaf)! ^icb( innuf,
tsrto 1 paT)tiaiye, no 1 mbyxecemnu^. 1n mac fae^leicci, ocuf m
mac itijofi, noca racafv fo co^xaib nn a cm co ^xiche, ocuf cecufi
pon nocafiaib utle.

1Tla cticfar; tifi|xaT) leo, no cm co cticfar;, nitina ^ajbaic he cm
lo^;, if T>i'i\ a roichef) ti'ixipaeinaT), ocuf T>a leiccefi a n-elof), iy
K, puch eloiiice D'IC inu ; ocuf t>a ntie|inat: muliget) achgabala, if
pac m-oligifi arhgabala ti'ic T>oib, ocuf noca recup, f.o coi\aib
timn fin, tiai^i if T)ligeT) ufifaernuf a coichet).

'

Ntf 5aib mug na buachail, .1- m bamaccna'D cm cof gabaiT) tnug
IMI pui'DinV cii) on,' a^x acaic cuic feoic i na j;at5aiL CIT> on ci if coip, -Dm
^ctbail, T>ia fecnmallai) tn nia T>li5e-6. Illug, .1. T>aen,. buaclunl, .1.
buachait/ coinecu tia mbo. pulla, .1. v cabaifi m 75101 ^utta- VuiTun,,
.1. in T>aeix vufO'l 1 - P 6 ! 1 oipaep aim, .1. comgiiaiT) no ap no munap inin
ci|xi no comiflveUi cuaiche.

.

g ^^) CCp, acaic cuic feoic ina gabail ecechca, no ina pop,-

^'** *' -so 5abail,| iri^e qii baegail na^ne-Da |io raefia-0 la feme ;
a cuitwie cm chmaiD; a cuiT)Tne pp.1 cmaiT) T)ia

1 Lunatic. The 'fulla' was a man of the same description as the 'geilt,' but
was supposed to have been set mad by throwing a wisp at him which had been
saturated with magical charms.

SENCHUS MOR. 9 I

if in their own behalf; it is not unlawful, however, uot to submit to
their suit, uatil they bring a native with them, if they can procure
him without a fee.

If they were told to bring a native with them whom they might
have procured without a fee, it is safe to evade them, and if they
take illegal distress, it is an offence.

If they have not been told to bring a native with them, and if
they have been evaded, they shall have the fine for evasion ; and
though they should take illegal distress they shall not pay any thing,
but he shall answer for it who seeks to get rid of his contracts withj)
tl:<> wanderer and the outlaw ;/ or he is to answer for his^ non-appear-
ance; and he is to answer for his non-observance of law with the bard,
and the half-poet, and the satirist, and the chief professor, king, and
prince; and he shall answer for it who seeks to get rid of his con-
ti-wts with the son who ouppopto hto father, for it is a juotificd Hie-

gality in hii rj Q This is justified illegality to submit to his suit, M\ tft, 'Aj^,

or to assent to his taking of distress, or to assent to his prosecution, ^^^. (/ p,

or to his evidence, or his judgment. As to the emancipated son, or
the disobedient son, their contracts are not set aside where their
illegality i.s justified, but all their bad contracts shall be set aside.

If they have brought a native with them, or even if they have
not, unless they could have procured him without fee, it is right to
submit to their suit, and if they be evaded, a fine for evasion shall
IIL' paid to them ; and if they have committed illegality in taking
ili.stress, they shall pay a fine for unlawful distress, and their contracts
shall not be set aside for this reason, for it is the law that allows
them to levy.

Neither shall it be taken by a labourer nor a cowherd, i.e. it isno ^

wonder that a labourer nr a 'fuidliir' should not take it,-for there are five 'seds' ** *
to be i>niil nyji/if for tin; taking of it, even by the person who is qualified to take it, if
he omits anything required by the law respecting it. A labourer, i.e. the bond-
niaii. Cowherd, i.e. the herd who minds the cows. Lunatic, 1 i.e. upon whom
the magical wisp has been put. ' F u i d h i r ,' i.e. the bond- ' f uidhir'. A m a n w i t h- vi^M-
out support, i.e. a man who has fallen from his rank, and who has no support
either from the land or the regulation of the territory.

For there are five ' seels' for the unlawful taking of c
it, or for the JGm^lU^-UrkTDg of it, except in the three
s of error on the part of the advocate, which a
exempted by the Feini to -take it without a debt -MA^C
being due ; to take it for a debt which has been dis-

92 encnuf

DISTRESS. ^ aicne ji; acabaific hi faichd uctfccl tienuT), if

a T)icen. CC cabaific T>O fncrou'O/af rualaing a cup,-
ccii^dn mat) cenaquf fnaice, mat) T)on fncfOuT) yion
gabctiafi, apjiencqi log nenech m fnaice, ocuf ftnch na
r hachgabala 111 fen co jio gabaicep, aichejijiacli.

CCp. ataic cute f eoic, .1- cuic feoic r>a. cecaic Tia ba pii, .1. T>a
f irnaifc ocuf cfii colpcacha cfvin ; ap, ctcaic cuic ^eoic nut gabatt co
hiiTDligchec, ce bet ni if mo uai|i eite arm [niTxiic] cuic |^eoir. 1y e cuic
HIT) a|V anT>, uairi a Dubp.utnaiT, iiutiKiinn my f;aibec ectitna atriecca.
/ 1n a voixgabait, .1. pfigabail/ uimpi -Dap, getlaib ocu-j" TJa^airigib, ic a
rig vein, .1. ipn -oriuim vi^ 1 tiaf, no ifm mbac-nuchat).

Ma cuic feoic ian, ftin, no cuic ba aiiimt ifbeiyx if in nat

nGninaiT)e,lec caca harhjabata ina hmt)li5eT) achgabala, co iiutce

aeic mbu. Mi ceic inT>tiet) n-arhgabala rap, cuic bu, cia fio fia

feu rp,icmc fecc cumala, ocuf if T>O na fiachaib bunaitt if t)ilef

O'D. 612. na [fiacha] fin, cia comaicef, lor fiif m arhjabait. Luga lee na

hachgabala ann pn naic cuic feoic, no if cuqiuma fie cuic

fecaib ; ocuf Tjaniati mo tec na barhjabala maic ctnc feoic. 1f

oilfi leicb cac achgabata ma hmT>tigeT> achgabala -DO cuaca jie

joinapat) ocuf ^xia Cf.ofca co fitiici cuic bu ; no t>ilfi na hach^abala

uile ina hmtilijef) achgabala T>O eclaif fiia n-apar> ocuf -p.ia

CfiofcaT), co f,uice ueic mbu. Ria napat ocuf c-pofcat) fin ; ocuf

maf iayi n-apai> ocuf c-pofcai), acaic cuic feoic T)o cuaca ann,

ocuf noca n-fiiil m T)O eccaif, uui]i no m eifinnjiaic lain T>on

iTeclaif eloT> T>O lecan, ocuf if coin, cm co beic m -01. Moca

7>enanT> eifinn^aic lam TIO tuaca eloi) to lecaT), ocuf coin, cia

|io beicif cuic feoic TIO.

Inge Cfxi baegail n-aisner>a, .1. tru h-en,naile ima bdeglaichett in
c-aigne, no m cyxeTOi if baegal T>on ci atgef tn ae, ocuy ni haigne pqinruro ;
30 naif, if eiycepcuf marc in m pi funn T>O aigne- CITJ 6n? CCn, acaic
cuic peoit pop. nech eile, muna be aigne oga agabail a arngabaUi, m pjil
nnupp.ovai1i.fium. Tlo faep.aT> la l^eine, .1. cm m be aigne oca, ace
cop, ab 015116 vein, .1. p,o fop-UToeT) no pip, m vemechaif cen ni t>'tc ann

SENCHUS MOR. 93

charged ; to remove it into the green of a noble dig-
nitary, (^*[" <'.Uiig-bmi=te>Jat-. able to protect it. To take

it from a protection .in which it could be protected

. \*<t wii*}* fify"* *W4^._* , ... .

wmtottt ollowmguLt-to remain -Mi-the protection if it

has been taken from such a place of protection the
honor-price of the protector shall be paid, and there
is return of distress until aaetfeer is taken.

For there are five 'seds,' i.e. five 'seels' which amount to two cows, i.e.,
two three-year-old heifers and three young heifers ('colpach'), worth one-third of
a cow each; for there are five 'seds' for taking it unlawfully, though there are
more for it at another time than five ' seils.' The force of the "for" here is, becauai-
we said before "Nor should it be taken by these unqualified for the court." For
the forcible taking of it, i.e. the taking of it, notwithstanding pledges and ties
from a person's own house, i.e. from the cow-shed or the enclosed paddock.

Tne five ' seds,' with time, or five cows are paid for the unlawful
seizure, for it is said in the Aei Enihnaidhe, " The half of each
" distress for the unlawful seizure of it, until it reaches ten cows."
The fine for illegal taking of distress does not exceed five cows,
though it (the distress) should amount to thirty times seven ' cum-
hals,' and these fines are forfeited out of the original debts, though
they are measured by the distress. Half the distress is, in this case,
less than five 'seds,' or it is equal to five ' seds;' and if half the dis-
tress be more than five ' seds,' it will be the same. The half of every
distress is forfeited for illegal distress by a layman before notice
and before fasting, as far as five cows; or all the distress is forfeited
for the illegal taking of it by the church before notice and before
fasting, as far as ten cows. This is before notice and fasting; and
if it be after notice and fasting, there are five ' seds ' coming to the
layman for it, but nothing to the church, for to evade justice renders
the church perfectly unworthy, and it is right that there should be
nothing coming to it. To evade, however, does not render a layman
perfectly unworthy, and it is right that there should be five 'seds'
coming to him.

Except three cases of error on the part of the advocate, i.e. the
three cases in which the advocate has erred, or the three things which are a danger
to the person who pleads a cause, and not to an advocate as such ; for what is men-
tioned here is a good exemption to an advocate. Why so? For five ' seds ' are
imposed as a Jine upon any one, unless he has an advocate at the taking of the
distress, but not upon the adrocate himself. Which are exempted by the
Feini, i.e. though he has no advocate, being an advocate himself, i.e. he is exempted

_ , i .

^*!/ft i .

t/ *w cw oiiw Off b>Z

94

*w

DISTUKSS. fin. CC stn-ome cm ctiincnr> fo. -non aipiefi], .t. he cm qicp, onif nt
,., .,,, icinfium na fioibi, .1. gaibiT) fiutn in ur1i=;<ct><iil [ocaf txvjnflimcifk bit>
on; ecmums itnon,n,u ni bi, ni hen,unun, f utn -Din aii-D fin]. . CC cuiTime
V|ii cniatT), [.i. gaibTO fium m achgabaii, in-mum?; uno^m 5aibren.ium
j-iin in cinofOfin], ocuf T>ilUichan,; .1. icnn,, .1. fio oev-bmlivo fioime, octiy
nocha npiciri fium UT>erib7)iloT>. [Mi pacach imoyxpu T>O, an, if
eimple a^pronuiT) T>O].

O'D. 40. Caim neitbifi etafif.u [fin] ocuf m batte oca 1 cam, "ni

cefi artigabail nac aicmecafi cenn aftuile"? 1nn
/in acbjabail ann fern, noca jviacc m cm atfi ann afa
fern na a nuatuf mbleogam, ocuf fio fin-pi m ci f.o gab m
arbgabail nafi ntij;, ocuf coif, cia no beic fiacb mnligm arbga-
bala aifi. Sunn, nnu-p,-p,o, noc ntejufi m cm ne infi, ocuf nocan
, m n fio gab m acbgabait na nlegafi, no ce fio 1 nligm fio
fiomn ; ocuf noca nficifi f uni a ml, ocuf coift ceman flan
no.

"Ota fefcafi m fefi ctimnief m arbgabatl ffn cmam cona
fth. T)'*-;qufi cmam m, pacb fo m oonnnet; uan, ocuf cuic feotc ma

roificcefi nligen no. TTluna TOifTcrefTnlijen no, ctnc feoin no,
vocuf cuic feoic uan,'ocuf m fiac mnliin fio fiamif 1 ngabuil na
D. 40. bacbgabala, ma ne^ib laif [cu nnltgen] no rna cunncabaiiic^
Ocuf nligin.cm cunncabaific, cuic feoic uun ocuf nilfi m feicb 1
ceccafi ne. TDacunncabaiiii; laif, ocuf 111 oligin, cuic feoir uan
naina ocuf cmcaicbefi [nligen] ffuf m cue pie mb fo.

if TDaT) in fe^x accrprhafc ann elaf, ocuf fio finfi co iToleguii Tie,
mablan fiac ua"6, ocuf cuic feoic.

TTla-D cunncabai^c laif, ocuf nlejufiDe, aicngm uan, ocuf cuic

feoic. TTlaT) cunncabaifu; laif, ocuf m nlestif, T>e, no ma ne|ib

Laif, cona nlejuia ne, cmc f eoic uaT> 1 ceccaf, ne ; ocuf if T)ilef

So a arngabait fium no cuintne cm cmam octif ffii cinam ma

TTlan cvunnie cm cinaiT) nnujifvO nogne, ocuf fio finji na ntig,
if pacb fon m no nnnec uun, ocuf cuic feoic, ma cuficuf
no ; munu caftcuf nnu|ifio, ni fuil ni no na uan ; no

SEKCHUS MOR. ( J~)

according to the Feneehus from paying any thing for it. To take it without DISTRESS.
a debt being due, i.e. for the advocate to do so, i.e. no debt being due, yet he -
does not know but there is, i.e. he takes the di-tivss. and he thinks that there is a
debt due: it happens, however, that there is not, he does not pay in that case. To
take it for a debt, i.e. he takes the distress, but it happens that distress was
previously taken for that debt, and the debt discharged. It had been previously
paid, but he (the .adromtt) did not know of its payment. He is not lined in this
case, for it wan tlifoii^i ignorance and simplicity he-w*-led-taJake_it.

What is the difference between this and the place in the ' Cain '-
law, irhi-n- it is said "No person shall take distress for another?"
The person from whom the distress was taken in that case, was not
liable for the debt on his own account or the account of his kinsman,
and the person who took the distress, knew that the debt was nut
due, it is right that there should be a fine for illegal distress im-
posed upon him. In this case, however, the debt was not due at all,
and the person who took the distress did not know that it was not
due, or though it had been due, it was paid already ; but he did not
know of the payment, and it is right that he should be free.

If the man who distrains for debt knows that the debt is not due,
he shall be fined according to the length he has gone, and shall pay
five ' seils' if what the law requires be offered to him. If what the
law requires be not offered to him, there are five ' seds ' due to him,
and there are due of him five 'seds,' and also the fine for the ille-
gality which I have mentioned in taking the distress, whether he
were certain that it was due, or whether he were doubtful. And
though it be due, yet if he were doubtful, he pays five ' seds,' and
forfeits the debt in each case. If he were doubtful, and that it is not
due, five 'seds' only are due of him, and what the law requires is
offered to him in each case of these.

If the man who is sued evades justice, knowing the debt to be
due of him, double the debt is payable by him, and a fine of five
' seds.'

If he be doubtful and that it is really due of him, he must make
restitution, and pay five ' seds.' If he be doubtful, and that it is not
due of him, or if he be certain r KtZ that it is not due of him, five
'seds' are payable by him in each case ; and i^a_ po-

it is lawful to take distress from him, whether he owes the debt
or not.

If a person distrains, there being no debt due, and knowing that
no debt is due, he is fined according to titeeircTniiataiicergfTfee~C-a.~c',
and p njs five ' seds' besides, if what the law requires is offered to

96 -Senchup TDoji.

DISTRESS, oono, coma imlecan nona cuic fecaib, octif fiarh fo m no mrnec
uan fum. TYlan cunncabaific laif co nnli5, octif rcqxcuf nhjen
[no], if cuic feoic uan futn [nama]. HI tin a ca^tif nligen -DO
f um if cuic feoic no o bmbuin. THa pnaiix nech ma n-iajifaijen,
Toctif m fto fiafifai^, if cuic feoir uaT), ocuf lee tuqiutna m fete
acfuif, ma ca^xctif tiliget) TIO. Uluna raiicuf 11111111110, tii fwl in
ucro na no.

CC cabaiixc hi patchi ua^at iieniiT), .1. a rubmnc i v' 1 " 1 lie 111

neimi'&uapiil, 1^ cuitncecTi a oirm, .1 fiuro yeadiru, .1. unyip -DO, in \-\T\\\.

ic cumcro yoicci ua^al

Cm fo T>e|ia co ftnl eiixic 1 pecmatl na acgab'ala 7>o
-aiiatifi aiyvec aifiti no eclafa a cam, ocuf co i?uilic cine
ic na harhgabala 1 -pairci 5i\aii> ferret 1 niiiii\((f)ii^?
<po T>efia, 'poca fojail TIO T>enam i\if in urhgubail 1
fecra 1 n-uiiiiami-p na i\if m arlijabail 1 n-aii\li^
>, no eclafa 1 cam, octif cotyi cia no bee cuic ^eoic on n
m arh^abail 1 i:aichci 5fiaiT> fecca 1 n-umucnuf ; no nono
tuga lamaii ^ogail TIO nenam iny m ap.T) neniet) 1111 m n-arlija-
balan i cam na 1 n-u

O'D.4^,43. , ^n iju^e |x uc m achgabuil 1

nemie, niun fen-\\

l^aicce nenniT), octif ni ftiaiia cowiuch nan paiipnnet), no ce
, octif flan T>6 ; no cm ctifi paftftiiii, nnma
fairce, if flun TIO. 11o cuniui) lerhfu 1i
amfif ann.

\io fecift fern jviyi ttb fairce nennenh, cm cti fenfi, man
piai-p, connuch nan fiaftftnnen, ocuf ni fiai\fuin, if cfnc feoic
npufi na faitce ann, ocuf cute feoic npuix na hachgubuta, no
cumun aon cuic feoic noib aftoen, octif a na cyiian nptifi na
faicce, ocuf aon ri\ian npitiii na hachgabala.

1 Septenary grade. In a subsequent part of the Senclms Mor, it is provided that
in certain eases part of tin- distress was to be carried to one of seven foruscs. \ i/..
the forus of the Ollamb, of the Brehon, of the Aire-iter-da-aire, of the Aire-dr.su,
of the Aire-tuise, of Airc-ard, and of the Aire-forgaill.

SENCHUS MOR. 97

him. But if it is not offered, there is nothing due to him or of him ; DISTRESS.

or now, according to others, the five 'seds' are remitted, and the fine

got from him is according to the length he went. If he is doubtful
whether it is due, and if what the law requires is offered to him,
five ' seds' only are due of him. If what the law requires has not
been offered to him, five 'seds ' are due to him by tlie defendant. If
he found a person of whom he might have asked, and that he did
not ask, five ' seds ' are due of him, and he forfeits one-half the debt
which he demands, if what the law requires has been offered to him.
If it has not been offered, there is nothing due of him or to him.

To remove it into the green of a noble dignitary, i.e. to bring it
into the green of a noble dignitary, expecting him to be able to protect it, i.e. one
of the septenary grade, 1 i.e. he is in ignorance, and does not know that it is the
green of a noble dignitary.

What is the reason that there is ' eric '-fine for neglecting to bring
the distress into the pound of an Aire-ard or of a church in the
' Cain '-law, and that there are five ' seds ' for bringing the distress
him the green of one of the septenary grade in ' Urradhus '-law (
The reason is, because it is more likely that injury would happen
to the distress in the green of one of the septenary grade in contem-
plation of ' Urradhus '-law than to the distress in the pound of the
Aire-ard, or of the church in contemplation q/'the 'Caiu'-law, and
it is right that there should be a fine o/five ' seds ' from the person
who brings the distress into the green of one of the septenary grade
in ' Urradhus '-law ; or, indeed, there is less attempt made to do
injury to the high dignitary respecting the distress in contemplation
of the ' Cain '-law than of the ' Urradhus '-law.

The person who brought the distress into the green of a dignitary,
unless he knew that it was the green of a dignitary, and if he did
not find a sensible adult of whom to make inquiry, or though he did
find one, if he did not inquire, is free ; or although he did inquire,
if he did not know himself that it was the green of a dignitary, he
is free. Or, according to others, there is half fine for every case of
ignorance.

Whether he knew himself that it was the green of a dignitary, or
whether he did not know it, if he did meet a sensible adult of whom
to inquire, and yet did not inquire, five ' seds ' are due to the owner
of the green, and five ' seds' to the owner of the distress ; or a single
fine of five 'seds' is due to both, of which two-thirds are due to the
owner of the green, and one-third to the other.

H

Senchuf

DISTRESS. TTluf 7>o mac i n-aif icca letroifie fio fiafiftnti, octif T>O ^

co-onuc, cuic feoie ucroaftim aiin, ocuf let cuic feoic on mac.
TTlaf -DO mac 1 ti-aif icca aiehgma jio pa^ifm*, ocuf T>O geba
co-onuch, cuic feoic ncroafum ann, ocuf airhgina na n-aile ocu-p
f na n-aifibe on mace.

TTldf no mac i n-aif icca aiehjma fio fian.puit>, ocuf -DO geba
mac 1 n-aif icca lee 7>ifie, lee cuic feoic ucroafum ann, ocuf
na n-aile ocuf na n-aifibe on mace ; oetif m mac T>O reclu-
na h-atjabula in gac mat) tub fin can atroice impe. Ho
o, cibe Dume oap, pai\f.uiT), muna fuai^ -otune bn tileftiu, if
flun T)o.]

CC cabaiyxc T>O fna-ouT), .1 -DO commyici. CCf cualainj; a cun-
caigclii, -i. paefam T)pacbail uiyvTVi, .1. cnui- n\a-o cen aiTii.f fnaice,
.1. T>ul pop, culu, .1. in vaefma iflan T>O, .1. mar) cm pf paepna i n-ectnaif

/trgabuf in achgabail. Ula-o -DO fnauuT) |io gabcan lie, .1. mom -oo
fncrout) fio gabcap. he, .1. tap pf tutwhugcro accjiui, iffecVicmafi n-enec-
lamne ocuf cuic f eoic. CCf rienari tog neriech in fnaice, .1. if naif
epmche-p. tog enech pin, in paefma T>on ai:1ij;abatl T>O tecpn pon caill, Tf)
ocuf am bia pop, log enech cm-o no bee na laim ]\e ne na'fain'e', rie"i\e

ianca aicenca in potc, .1. no fecctnaTi eneclamni ma -oay. cn,o no gabal
cipe. Suith 11 a hachgabala, .1. impaic in achgabmt in m hifin tm a
hanat> 1 laim cincaig. Co n.o sabaicerx aichep,p,ach, .1. co po ^aibcep,
achappach pechrufa eile, .1. mp nibliariain mar> cap cp.6 no gabail cipi,
tio accoiche-6 po cecoip, mat) ap pae-prnVycenae.

fio ufifaem m bit)baiT) aporo i faefam, ocuf fi
l\ia rftofccro aifJgeibit) gfteim uon feichemam roicet>a, a apaf)
conach ecm t>o trchapa'6, ocuf faefiait) T)li5et m bitibai-6 can
r|xofcai) aifi fie fie m faefma.

THoro fio ufifaem m bitibait) apati, ocuf cftOfccro 1 faefam, cia
3c no aijvbefie-D a faefam jxia ngabail arhgabala T>e, ceic cufijicu-
jat la f-ogail ann ; if flan arhgabail -DO jabail ne.

1 Exemption. There were periods at which persons were entitled to certain ex-
emptions respecting the payment of debts. On the death of the King of Ireland,
or of the successor of St. Patrick, every one in Ireland was entitled to a year's
exemption. On the death of the king of a province, every one in the province had
exemption for three months. On the death of the king of a cantred, there was one
month's exemption, &c. Every chief had the privilege of giving protection during
his life for the same length of time as that of the exemption which would happen at
his death.

SKNCHTJS MOR. 99

If he inquired of a youth at the age of paying half ' dire '-fine, DISTRESS.
though he might have found a sensible adult, five ' seds ' are due of
him for it, and half five ' seds ' of the youth. If it was of a youth
at the age of paying restitution he made the inquiry, though he
might have found a sensible adult, five ' seds ' are due of him for it,
and of the youth restitution of the stakes and palisades.

If he inquired of a youth of the age of paying restitution, though
he might have found a youth of the age of paying half ' dire '-fine,
half five ' seds' are due of him for it, and of the youth restitution
of the stakes and palisades ; and the youth shall collect the distress
in every instance of these without any second suit respecting it. Or,
indeed, whatever person he has made the inquiry of, unless he could
have found a more lawful person, he is free.

To take it from a protection, i.e. from a place of protection. In which
it could be protected, i.e. to get protection for it, i.e. _/<*-theattle. Wi.Ui.uJlt
it to ramain in the protection, i.e. to go back, i.e. under the

[jmtection he is free, i.e. if the distress has been taken without knowledge of pro-
tection, in the absence of the owner. If it has been taken from such a.
place of protection, i.e. if it has been taken from a place of protection, i.e.
after the knowledge of its being under protection/ it (the fine) is one seventh of I""
honor-price and five 'seds'. The honor-price of the protector shull
be paid, i.e. the honor-price of the protector, taken out of the distress, is to be
forfeited, and the thing which is ulluwed for honor-price shall remain in his hands
during the txl period. i.e. during the lawful time of the stay of the cattle, and
the seventh of honor-price only if it has been taken from a fold or angle of tiie
country. There is return of the distress, i.e this thing returns the distress
ami cauiCA-Lt tu -rmwi in the hands of the debtor. Until another distress is i/n/
taken, Le. after a year, if taken from a fold or an angle of the country, or it shall
be sued for again immediately, if it had been taken while under protection.

If the defendant has submitted to receive notice during a period of
exemption, 1 and he announced it before being fasted upon, the notice
takes effect for the plaintiff, so that he is not obliged to serve a
second notice, 2 and the law frees the defendant from being fasted
upon during the period of the exemption.

If the defendant has consented to receive the notice and to be
fasted upon during the exemption, though the exemption was .
announced before the taking of the distress from him, compoiiea- '

fcroa-for damage sliftll be for it; and it is safe to take the distress
from him after the exemption.

2 Second notice, i.e. after the expiration of the time of the exemption or of the
protection.

H2

100 Sen cti up ID op,.

DISTRESS. p a efatn fin cainic fie fie n-apait> ocuf cfioifcci, ocuf maf fie
fie na cfieifi imceimnigei came in faefum fin, ace ma fio aifi-
beif..e-6 a faefani fo ceeoifi, faefiaiti -oliget) he can uchgabuil 7>o
-oe fie fie in faefnia.

.rTTlan fio aifibeficnais a faefam cufi gaba-o aetigabail ne, if
ana* oechmai'De ay\ m

TTIa iao jab'at) achgaBail cap, pf ^aepna, 1 n-ecmaif, no
aiyibeyic -paefma 1 ^cronaife, cmc peoic T)'pp, m ^aefinaann, ocuf
cmc f eoic o'pii na hachgabala ; no cumaT) aen cuic f eoic -ootb
/ayiaen, ocuf -oa cjnan o'piji in |?aepna, ocuf aen c^ian T>'prv na
hachgabala.

TTlaf cen pf paefma, 1 n-ecmaif, fio gaba* achgabail T>e, log
enech pr>- m paefma T)on ach^abail T>O lecun fo caill, o'ctif a fuil
ann o ca pn aniac T)O bic i faifie i\e yie in faepna, ocuf anat>
/raicenca na fee lap, pn.

TTlaf cen aifibefic f aefma 1 ficronaife fio jabaf) acligabait Tie,
O'D. 45. aTla t) -DecniaiT)e a^ m achgabail ocuf -oiclum name 7560, ocuf
oca m [poefum] 1 coniyieiinniujat) fie T)eci))uiT) ocuf |ie aine T)ec
mil annfin.

i ITIa-D ca m paefam i comfieimningcro i\e -oecmam, ocuf m fuil
fie ame -oec mil, anat> T>ecmatT)e uififii, ocuf cit> be i>ib bupa, a
fuil [ann] T>on faefam myif in oecniaii), no Dicim aicenca na
fee, cup, ab e-o buf T>icnn tn mji fin Decniai'6.

TTIa ca m faefam i comjxeimniuscrD fie oecmait), ocuf m fuil
fCfin T)ecmaiT), ana-6 t)ecmaiT)e uijiju ocuf a oicim aicenca
buT>em, uaiyi m ftnl m faefam iafif v 'an DecmanD.

TTIafa jaifiT)! m faefum na T)ecmaT), ocuf if pa m faefuni
na anati aicenca na fee, ocuf if e-o if anat) T)1 jie m faepna, l '
ocuf a -oichini aicenca fem iajv fin.

sopaefam camic fm fie fie apait), ocuf Cfioifcci ocuf cfieifi
imceimnici ; ocuf mafa a naimfiyi anca cannc an faofam, com-
fieimmu5at> icifi m faofum ocuf an c-anat>, cm be wb buf pa,
gufi ab ei> buf anai) t>i.

TTlaf a n-amififv -oirnia ramie an faofam, comfieminiuja*

1 Adjustment, i.e. the time of the exemption and the time of the stay shall be
compared, and whichever of them is the longer shall be the stay.

SEXCHUS MOB. 101

This was an exemption which occurred during the period of the DISTRESS.
notice and the fasting, and if it is during the period of the three
days grace that that exemption has come, yet if the exemption
has been at once made known, the law frees him from having the
distress taken from him during the period of the exemption.

If the exemption w;v= nut announced until the distress had been
taken, there shall be a stay of ten days upon the distress.

If distress has been taken, notwithstanding the knowledge of the
exemption, in the absence of tin' owner, or notwithstanding the an-
nouncement of the exemption in his presence, five ' seds ' are due to
the protector of the exemption for it. and five ' seds ' to the owner
of the distress ; or it is a single fine of five ' seds' to them both, of
which two-thirds are for the protector of the exemption, and one-
third for the owner of the distress.

If the distress has been taken from him by a person without a
knowledge of the exemption, in his absence, the honor-price of the
protector of the exemption taken out of the di.strc.ss is to be forfeited, *** j>-
and what remains thereafter is to be free during the period of the
exemption, and the natural stay of the 'seds' besides.

If the distress has been taken in his presence without announce-
ment of the exemption, there is a stay of ten days upon the distress,
and a delay in pound of eleven days, and the exemption is concur-
rent with both the ten and the eleven days then.

If the exemption be concurrent with the ten days, and not

with ten_aiul eleven days b<^tfi, there is a stay of ten days upon it MJ. birtfk trf >fa- )
(the distress), and whichever cf them is longer, viz., the remainder
of the exemption after the ten days, or the lawful delay in pound of
the ' seds,' it shall be the delay in pound after the ten days.

If the exemption extends to the ten days, and does not go beyond
the ten days, there is a stay of ten days upon it, and its own lawful
delay in pound, because the exemption does not go beyond ten days. *A**

If the exemption is shorter than fte ten days, and longer than the
lawful stay of the ' seds,' then its stay is the period of the exemp-
tion, and its own lawful delay in pound remains afterwards.

This is an exemption which occurred before the period of the
notice, and the fasting, and the three days grace ; and if the
exemption occurred in the time of the stay, there shall be an adjust-
ment 1 between the exemption and the stay, and whichever of them
is longer, it shall be the stay.

If the exemption occurred in the time of the delay in pound, there

102

Senchur 171 6ji.

DISTRESS. m p. an bpaopam ocup m Diclimi, ocuf cm be nib buf pa,
et> buf -Dichun TIL

ab

TTIaf a n-aimpi\ fobca, noca pao|\unt> an. fo^te na an.
na a]\ loban hi, umii 111 reic an paopam amuc'na tieajaiT), ocup
ff~ aiic m cupib'ai).

cadia liaclisabala fio
noch pi qn feorcTcacha cp,arha ^o pollaig-
chep, co aufilaitro a T)ir1ima, och ni

Cuic ^eoic, .1. -DI ba. Tli lobuT) cacha hachgabdla, .1. cincaif. .1.

/ cuic yeoic ly e m <fio mei^emTiai^e^caiip. 111o|iann -DO t)ui ittobaT) t>o cac
achgabait ayv cac laice n-aicenca o ctcpa mm^eyv lobca, .t. im-bp,ec1iaiB
nptnei) voiU-pigrhip. am pm, ocuf 1C inunna na cjvi |-eorc ocu'p na cuic
peoic ion, puc, .1. a cuic i n-acngabail cmcmj, fee cacna cyxacha; c|ii
peoic itnuixiT.o caca cyiacha 1 n-achgabail inCbleoguin. Uoch -pil cyii

^peoca, .1. noc feicim no inT)yxnpm co puilec cyii yeoic uar>a caca tfiaca
o fio vollaigpe-p hi co huaf at cm-m-o a tornia ; man-o iac ocup na cuic peoic
|xomaim>. Cacha c^xdrha, -1. ip each cyiaca -poti ace in cec cfvac, cuic
peoic 1 f-uig, ocup c|u taiaam each criat co urilainn a T)ichnia, .1. 6 n.e
pogelca amach aca m T>ichim. T^txi peoca, .1. cn,i ba inlae^a ayi t>a

-, m-buaib cyie laega. CCch ni conanaig oeichbeip.e, .1. ace am amcep
a T>eicbi]x tun,baT>a; uaip, noca-ftacha m achgabait illobcro -oia n.abac
na T>eicbi]i-p e po cun,, .t. anpp, no ancep, no econnup,

^

Mi bi lepocli nach piatiach ; ni cuatamj; roxal na
t>i|:ofinaifc ; ni pnllenT) cont) cnanna ; fai^ech each a
fcomlef ; m'Da'D |?o|^ ce]ic qiebaib hi comqjiTiajb qiacli ;
ni bi acfiai T)i pae]"am ; ni ucaip, naT) caemclai o
cp,oib m pojiaif , co cuin^iut) ^o]\ paDnaife T>i achgabail
cechca.

cW/

i>Ui/

r

SENCHUS MOR. 103

shall be an adjustment between the exemption and the delay in DISTRESS.
pound, and whichever of them ia longer, it shall be the period of
delay in pound.

If it occurred during the period of forfeiture, it does not save the
distress from the expenses of feeding and tending, nor from the for-
feiture, because ti&.exms*ftitmra/rded % Irving person does not
follow the distress out, though the exemption on account of a death
does.

Five ' seds' for neglecting to redeem every distress
was the fine fixed by Morann ; and there are three
' seds' for every day that it is neglected to be redeemed
to the end of its period of delay in pound, except
what the law of exemption protects.

Five 'seds, 1 i.e. two cows. For neglecting to redeem every distress,
i.e. of a debtor, i.e. live ' seds' is the tine which was fixed by Morann to be paid for
the neglecting to redeem every distress for every natural day since the period of
forfeiture arrived, i.e. it is in the Bretha Nemedh this is set forth, and the three
s,,ls' are equal to the five 'seds' in distress with time, i.e. five for the distress
of the debtor, a ' sed' for every day ; but there are three ' seds' for every day for
the distress of the kinsman. And there are three seds, i.e. I insist or main-
tain that there are three ' seds' due of him every day since the period of forfeiture
set in until the full completion of the forfeiture ; they are the same as the five
'seds' mentioned before. Every day, i.e. for every day except the first day, for
which there are five 'seds,' and three for every day afterwards to the end of the
delay in pound, i.e. from the period of the feeding forth delay in pound extends.
Three 'seds,' i.e. three incalf cows for two cows after calving. Except what
the law protects, i.e. except what the law of exemption protects; for the dis-
tress shall not be forfeited if these exemptions exist, i.e ignorance, or incapacity, or
minority, or injury through inadvertence.

To be asleep avails no one : he cannot take imme-
diate distress who is not able to bind it ; nothing
saves the active adult ; let each attend to his proper
duty ; let it be closed up in the sheds at the proper
hours ; no person who is under protection is qualified
to sue ; no one sues who cannot recover it from the
sheds of the residence, until it is put to witnesses to
decide that it is legal distress.

Senchur 171 oji.

DISTRESS. Mi bi teyach nach yuanach, .1. iti ci no r>o j;aib in OT-hj;abait, .1.

in ci biyy ma yuan lap piaccam a vyc cuia iy ucrou cuicic na ba peip,

i D. 46. [.,. cec^iauime each achjabata], .1. nocha bi ley 05 -Don ci biy ma yuan

can yayc na hachgabata T>O bpeic; 110 in ci biy ma yuan lap mbpeic, can

r'ouljp'uaylucaT) na achgatiala, no cen coichefi coicerliru. .1. ^icai-o teiyci

?-yoc. 1li cualaing coxal nat>i yopnaiyc, .1. nocu cunncec coxal

me hachgabala amach m ci nach cunticech a uayat vnai-Dm ap, anaT> an,

0'0. 47. v u c iltann cmcaig cull, [.1. munub vechem]. >Ji vu'^^en'o COIITI

en aim a, .1. nochan votechttn-o cojibucu T>O coTinach bty ayiacnaimaibcan

O'D. 47. [1a]i mb|iec ymycc TIO; uaqi nodia jiachuiT) in afgabatl a y.og-
eitc nach 1 inbleic nacha lobinj, no cu yiucrufi a yaycc; ocuy mat)
acgatknt inbteogmn oni hi, bee cuic yeoic yie caob pn, ocuy nochu
nyuit ni DOTI cinrach ; ocuy cumcro cmn no bee yiti iy m yaycc
'f ylice in ran rmtnc m c-mbleogun amach i nT)ejuiT) a
ocuy inuna cannc cm cu yaycc yynu^ylecc he nocha nyuil
arm t)'inbleo5uiii.]

each a comley, .1. m -Da^a pen. -no btxeic a ycufc ocuy in
yep. eile T>a yuaylucar), no amail po cutruro T>O n.eip, TilijtT). 1aT>aT> v1 l

^6Cep,c cpebaib, .1. la-oa-oyum uin,n.i iy nacpebaib acaceyica -oume, .1. iy in
ojiutm VT 11 l-ifi am ait v-<> comannjmje'o lan. cae ui]i-n na cn.ach, no iy na
cfiachaib ma comafi'oon^e*6 T>oib irip, cein,c ocuy nom, no ian. n-apat) ocuy
cp,oycaf>, no tap cpiyi laii'Daige, .1. iciji cupgabait j;n.eine ocuy a yuine,
ap.ni coip, a jabait a naitjci, munab ecm. Mi bi acpai T>ij:aeyarn, .1.

u'nocna bi acpa achjjabata T>on ci biy ap vaefa neich ; m TDeopaiT) nocha
bi acpa m pp catt cap yiy vncyma T>vacbait aip, .1. yep, bty yop yaeyum
ni cuatamg acpa, m acapcup yum T>ono. Mi acaip naT> caemclai, o
cpoaib m yopaiy, .1. noca nacpaiT) ach^abatt T>O subail mci oc na
ctaechmaichep cpu co nmt>i yopaiy, no cpu co mnT)e apaiy, .1. in oeopanb

jomuna poib upput) map aen piy na cappuycap a tan [no] muna paib
yecc cigi mgabata taiy, .1. i>eop,aiT>, co paib occu i cechca po sabcap aipi.
Co cuipiut> pop pia-onatye, .1. co cocuipchep paTinaiye ac gabait na
hachgabata imaitte piy. "Oi achgabait cechca, .1. cup, ab
j;ubuy in ach^abait, .1. co potb cechca oca.

V Ni mug, ni fui-oiji, ni pullu, tn ausaijie, ni buacliail,
m cpecce cuaine, m gaibchefi an-aecaini'pi^i 'Dliji'D na
na poj\iiechcu cuaiche/he,j ache cof in

" v Cw ^*" ' M ** 7 ^^M" oil/.. .

SENCHUS MOR. 105

To be asleep avails no one, i.e. the person who has taken the distress, DISTRESS.
i.e. the person who is asleep on the arrival of his notice to him forfeits the/cows
themselves, i.e. the fourth part of every distress, i.e. it is not to a person's advan-
tage to be asleep and not receive the notice of the distress; or, the person who
sleeps after receiving it, and does not go to redeem the distress, or does not sue
lawfully, "sloth takes away his welfare." He cannot take immediate
distress who is not able to bind it, i.e. he is not able to carry the distress
out who is not able properly to bind it during its stay in the hands of the debtor,
i.e. unless he is a law agent. Nothing saves the active adult, i.e. his
being employed at his proper profitable occupation does not avail the sensible adult
who is ujxm his legs, and does not send the notice of the disi

This is after giving notice; for the distress shall not be charged
with feeding, or tending, or fines for neglect to redeem it, until the
notice of it is sent ; and if it be the distress of a kinsman, there
shall be five 'seds' besides for not sending notice, but nothing is due
to the defaulter ; and where this happens is in the case of notice by
the track of the cattle, where the kinsman came out after the distress ;
and if he did not come out, even though it be not notice by the
track of the cattle, there is no ' eric'-fine for it to the kinsman.

Let each attend to his proper duty, i.e. the one man is to bring the notice
"/' I/if distress and the other is to redeem it, or act in the manner required by the
law. Let it be closed up in the sheds, i.e. it is shut up in the sheds in which
men are scarce, i.e. in the cowshed, as appointed by the legal regulation of the hours,
or within the hours which were appointed for them between the third hour and
evening, or after notice and fasting, or after the three days of grace, i.e. between
the rising of the sun and its setting, for it is not right to take it at night, unless of
urgent necessity. No person who is under protection is qualified to sue,
i.e. there shall be no suing of distress by the person who is under the protection of
another ; i.e- the stranger shall not sue another man after it is known that he is under
protection, i e. the man who is under protection cannot sue or be sued. No one
who cannot recover it from the sheds of the residence, i.e. he

does not sue to take distress wlwHras-not an interchange ef cattle vrith-mcreasrof it/i, ft/iA a,
growth, or cattlfcjriUi-iuCTOMKrof habitations, i.e. the stranger, unless he has a -fi/nru^i, A.

native along with him who has full honor-price, or unless he has seven habita-
ble houses, i.e. the stranger, until he has the legal qualification by which he can
take it. Until it is put to witnesses, i.e- until witnesses are sent for to take
the distress along with him. That it is legal distress, i.e. that he took the
'lUtress legally, i.e. that he had the legal qualification.

X<> labourer, no 'fuidhir,' no imbecile vagrant, no
shepherd, no cowherd, no cart-boy is distrained in a
decision about debts due of himself or others, or for
the regulations of a territory, but his foot is fettered

106 -Senchup

twuv <v
DISTRESS, no bfiaij p^ti p_iam, piuum a pjieiflige na "Dle^aic bm-

ctiaD ache boclican, no updiaelan, no baijigen huapal
laidie, cona haTTOlonn, conaT) pjii a cenT> cuim>fii5chep,
pom am a ceclica.

S" 11 i 111 u 5, .1. noca n-achsabail aile j^alniyi T>on mu$, Txtep, ace ma po pp.
11i pu iTJiii, .1- ocrep, puiTjip, 110 in oeo)xi'6, .1- THU J )I uii'rnra, .1. [fjaep]
gabla. J?ulla, .1. pxncech, .1. bip fo\i ullacecc, .1. T>ume T>iUnam bip jx>p,
ribul a Tnncro -o'ltiun. CCu^mixe, .1. biy ac ><iy.i- ui. .1. na caifiecli.
Onachait, ! cut comeca nu mbo. 1li cjxecce cuaine, .1. ccqiput na

10 no^peine, in facade, no m cainain plii>, .1. gilla na pleti, .1. gilla um\air,
.1. i comecechc /caicTi bip abailm imbailiu, co cuifican, each ip,i^ ifa\f.; gitta i
U|iyiaic niny-o. Ill faibchefi an aecaim, .1. nocagabufi a nfecmanuja'D
neicli eite f\^f, ni T)lej;u|v Tiib ay a n-oualguf, no ina cmcaib -pern, .1.
cint>eT> achgabata T>ib, .1. a cm ucvoein, no cm a n-athayi no a fenacnnjx.

AfUii'Dtiji'D, .1. a DualguY 1 neic eile, i. un cinraib a compocaif. tin
Von.n,echcu cuaiclie, .1. nacli in piach pyiTOixgiTiecu olejjuri 1^ in cuaic,
in in piach cofiuya pne, no f-macc cain.-ot no puba ocuy fvuba, .1. coiccemi
ooib uiti mpm, .1. cm cuaici 1 coiccmne. CCchc cop 1 nglaip, .1. cein bic
i ciiiiTin." 1 ^ N ^ixaij vr 11 V iar11 ! ' t>vw5' T<-if ' mt>' amait pem, no

wfiip miT> liiim, jvipiti -]ptabi\aT), a cm fo-(i m cuaich a coiccmne.
a pn,ei -pli^e, .1. ip V'T 1 a mbec na lige |xiy in cmait>, no ixiy m
Ma oLegaic biachaT), .1. noca T>tej;aic biachaT) ace Ian enn m boichc
m pyoUnn m mei-pxm, m comvar; bechi ctiibn.ec, no tan emi m bocheam
C 2664 " ^o" 11 ! - 1 - ^epcan, bee, oeup -on tan t>ec U1T>1 ci^xci iye-6 rpic mT> [in T>ala-

ifnm T>ib], m-aimpn, loma, ocup an,aile a namipitx aixba, .1. tec ban^m.
Uixchaelan, .1. cael a T>a hop,, a T>a hnnel, .1. m lecbaiixgen, .1. c6m bic i
cumrp.iu5. bairxsen huapat laiche, .1. baipgen cape no nocUtc, no
oonmaii;. Cona hant>tonn, .1. TIO im no T>O torni- Conat) fT 11 a
cent) cuin'op-igchep, pomamu cechca, .1. co ciyac a cmn

so .1. cup, ab T>ap, a cenT> cam-oipgichep, in mo mamujat), no in gix

nib, no comaip-gichep, cumn cap, a cenn pon gnmin.a'D cechca Tilegap, T>ib
awbec amlafD pin, no co m>echpac a loba-6 uite.

O'P. 48. [Rtn-Dlep achjabala na -0001 n e po 7>o |veipi liubaiii, .1. ajx a
n-T)e|ioile, ocup], a 1x050 oon -ouine oJligip pacha T>O na -0111-
"mb peo imac buDem jebup m arhjjab'ail, no me a cyiot) ; no t>ono
cena, cema-o he a yxoga a c^xot) -DO gabail i n-achgabail noca

1 Kinsmen. Called in Anglo-Irish records, the law of Kincogus.
Milk-time, i.e. at the season when milk is plenty.

SENCHUS MOR. 107

or a chain put about his neck, and during his impri-
soiiment he is not entitled to any food except the
' bochtan,' or the ' urchaelan,' or the cake of the noble
festival with its obsoniurn, until their chiefs compel
them to do their duty.

No labourer, i.e. no other distress is taken from the bond-labourer but Ins
hotly, except as follows. X o ' f u i <1 h i r,' i.e. the bond-' fuidhir' or the stranger, i.e.
the natural bondsman, i.e. the hereditary bondsman. Imbecile vagrant, i.e.
Ill" wanderer who is moving about, i.e. an honest person who is moving from place
to place. Shepherd ('ai-gaire'), i.e. who is minding 'ai,' sheep. Cowherd, i.e.
the keeper of the rows. Cart- boy, i.e. the cart of the farmers' children, Le. the
,-araire,' or the ' tamain file,' i.e. the servant of the poets, i.e. the young guide, i.e.
who accompanies all from place to place, and every information is asked of him ;
he is called the ' gilla urraith.' Is not distrained in a decision about
detits, i.e. is not distrained in a decision about debts due by another person,
or for the debt which is due of him on his own account, or for his crimes, i.e. the
decision respecting distress to be 1akfn from him for his own liabilitv, or the lia-
bilities of his father, or his grandfather. Or others, i.e. on account of other persons,
i.e. the liabilities of their kinsmen. 1 Regulations of a territory, i.e. nor
the lawful debt which is due in the territory, i.e. the debt of the tribe regulation or
the 'smacht'-fine, for the inter territorial regulations or the services of attack and
defence, i.e. this is common to them all, i.e. the debt of the country in general. But
his foot is fettered, i.e. while he is in confinement. Or a chain put about
his neck, i.e. a prisoner on whom it is put as a punishment, i.e. the bare links, i.e.
of the chain, for the crime < f the country in general. During his imprison-
ment, i.e. it is true that lie lie.- im/ii-ismied for the crime, or lies down with the
chain. Not entitled to any food except the 'bochtan,' and the 'ur-
chaelan,' i.e. he is not entitled to any food but the full of the poor man's
ve el, the 'meisrin,' while he is in confinement, i.e. the full of the poor man's ves-
sel of milk. i.e. a small vessel, which contains twelve times the full of a hen-egg,
the one in milk- time, 2 and the other in the time of corn, i.e. half a cake. 'Ur-
chaelan,' i.e. it is narrow at both extremities, at both ends, i.e. the half cake, i.e.
while he is in confinement. The cake of the noble festival, i.e. the Christ-
mas or Easter cake, or the Sunday cake. With its obsonium, i.e. of butter orof
milk. Until their chiefs compel them to submit to law, i.e. until their
chiefs submit to law, i.e. until the obedience or the claim due of them is adjusted,
or their chiefs are bound for them that they do the proper duties due of them, and
if they do ?u>t, they shall so remain imprisoned until they shall all become forfeited.

These persons are themselves liable to he Uke4n distress, accord- tmvUwt, /* ' ,j }
ing to the book, i.e. on account of their insignificance, and the man to
\vlioni debts are due of these people has his choice whether he will
take themselves in distress or their cattle ; or, indeed, according to
others, though it should be his choice to take their cattle in distress, it
will not be lawful to do so; and though they should wish that such dis-

108 SenchtiT 1

DISTRESS, ocuf cetncro e a fiojafum erchgabail t>o gabatl tub, noca gebrhayx
ace fiae boT>em, ace a nibec ina fon-olef acligab'ata TIO V-' '!'-
Senchufa, CIT> im a cincn> bunem, cit> im cinaiT> a comocaif, CIT>
im ciTiait) if luga maic, CIT> im cincro if cuefiuma ffuu, CID 1111
J- cinaiT) if mo maie ; no T>ono, cumat> COIT> fio beie a nj;abail ina
1 n'oegabail, m can if m> cmaiT) if curfiuma f\Wi, noif mo
ocuf m pnlec feotc acu.

TTIafa cm if Itiga inaic, ocuf araic fecit am uoneiti, if cmc
feotra T>oib uonem ina jabail a n-arhjatjuil. Illuna fuller feoic
;acu [if] ancef arhjabata no fiia^ail 1\1U ; octif a ngabail tioT)em
C. 2664. m aeiigabail, ocuf imserhem in -oum -|io gab iac i n-achgabail no
fturgait umpu. Ocuf Diaf e a intiechem co nac inefani leif
O'D. 49. lacfum na m cuci\uii)a T.XO nlig, no cuma feftfi letf larfum [nd m
curfiiima fio nligit)], amuil fvo bee m uili-oecai 1 lann ocuf m p.e
/fia|Xfa fia^a 11 uiliacait> 1 lobuD if 1 -|\e lafif a nagacfum. TTlaf
1 uroechem coniD mefa leif mcfum na in cucfiutna jio
Tioca jabanT) ant) f um ace jfieim cumaile, ocuf in |\e a|i
cumal T)1 fecaib 1 lobaT) if i fie lafif a nagarfuni, ocuf
afiaen arhsabail -DO feraib eile ; ocuf n)o na cun)al ^111 curt/mma
lojio T)li5 am) fin ; ocuf mafa 11150 na cumal, m fie alfiaga 111 bee
fin no fecaib 1 lobat> if e fie lafif ajiaja a cuci\uma -Dib fium ;
ocuf fiiafi n-achgatiala T>O fuagail |Hf m nnaficfiait) yuil funi) co
fim cum ail.

CCnaT) ocuf Turhim ofifia fo aicne* na fee imayi ^abaT) 1 n-arh-
gabail iae, ocuf fogeile ocuf bleit aen anmann 7>o fvic leo, ocuf
lobaTj t>o T>ul ma cenT) o T>O 11050 aimfefi lobca.

O'D. 40. TTlaf im cinaiT) m ufifiaii) |io 5abai) [m-acri5abail] iae, if
cmc feoic DO T)ul i lobaT) tub afi cac Lara naicinra. TDaf tin
cinaiT) T>eofuri>a if lee cuic feoie. tTlaf im cmaiT) muixcuiiire if
soceehftunne cuic fee.

C. 2666. 1n T>aefi, maf im cmai-o na nufifiaro [no a eigea^na] fio 5abat>

SEN'CHUS MOB. 109

tress should be taken from them, it shall not be taken, but they them- DISTRESS.
selves shall be taken, pfsidfiiUUy-fe^eraoiisJiable to be themselves K

tekeujn distress, according to the Senchns, whether for their own ttiv/n^
liabilities or the liabilities of their kinsmen, whether for a liability
which is smaller than their own value, or a liability which is equal
to their own value, or a liability which is greater than their own
value ; or, according to others, they may themselves lie taken in dis-
tress only for a liability which is equal to their own value, or which
is greater than their own value, and when they have no property.

If it be for a liability which is smaller than their own value they
have been taken, and that they have property, there is a fine of five
' seds ' due to them for having been taken in distress. If they have
not property, then they- are subject to the rule-of-4ektrf, distress ;
they themselves are taken in distress, and the intention of the person
who took them in distress is the rule respecting them. If his no-
tion is that thya*e not witless value to him than the amount due to
him, or that he deems them of greater value than the proportion due
to him, then, as the total in hand (the value of the slave) is to the entire
debt due, so is the time in which the total due would become for-
feited to the time in which he becomes forfeited. If his notion is
that they are of less value to him than the amount due to him, he
then gets but a claim to a 'cumhal,' and the time in which a 'cumhal'
of 'seds' would become forfeited is the time in which he becomes so,
and he shall take in distress other 'seds;' and the amount due to
him at that time was greater than a ' cumhal ;' but if it be less than
a 'cumhal,' the time in which that small amount of 'seds' would
become forfeited is the time in which his proportion of them would
become so ; and the common rule of distress shall regulate the excess
in this case until it amounts to a 'cumhal'.

They shall have stay and delay in pound according to the nature
of the ' seds ' respecting which they have been taken in distress, and
the expense of feeding and tending of one animal shall accumulate
with them, and forfeiture sltaU-be added when the period of forfeiture
shall have arrived.

If it be for the liability of a native they have been taken in dis-
tress, five ' seds ' of them shall be forfeited every natural day/during vl
the period of forfeiture) If it be for the liability of a stranger, it is
half five 'seds.' If it be for the liability of a foreigner, it is one-
fourth of five ' seds.'

If a bondsman has been taken in distress for the liability of a

1 10 Senchwr in6|i.

DISTRESS, m oehjabail be, if cuic feoie DO Dul i lobaD afi cac lain n-aicenea
ne ocuf leccuicfee, maf im cmaiD DeofiaDu. ocuf ceelifiumu cuic
fee, maf nn cmaiD muficuifice.

TTlaf ma cmaiD buDem fio jabat) m Daefi m-arbjabatl, po^elea

y ^"ocuf blec DO Dul ma cenn, ocuf noca eeic lobaD ; ocuf if fe m

')J*-fifo'D. G14. [f-ojelc] ceic nu cenn miacb DO Dul 1 lobaD De afi cac laice

naicenea, maf mm cmaiD buDem, no fecemaD nietc maf nn

cmaiD

.,,- 1" ^ 05 PT 1 fognunia nocun put, Tieicb'ii\ cinrmg na nibieogam -f. 9 L //

10 1 leryvip ; ace maf ealat>atiacli \io bui aca comer. fc|iepalt no T

aji cac laicbi natcenca. TTlafa neuietatmac, no giaf, no gemel
i D. 50. ^Q g e) ^ er)T) ^Q ^ u tjx aT) cu pein] ip lee yqxepatl -DO a^x cac
lam ii-aicenra.

[TTlafa lua naici, ocuf ]\o gabaT) larfuni 1 narbgabail, ancef
no iviaguil aim : cerftaime cuic fee T>OH uyifiat), occ-
cuic fee T)OII tieofiaT), ocuf m feipT) fiant) ne^ cuic fee T>on
inup.cu|ira ; ocuf noca npuil finacc DO T)aofo ocuf noca npuil
uaT)a. Ocuf noca npuil till m cmaiT) 050 anrifin tio feraib ;
ocuf T>a nibeic, ocuf |vo jabati fom 1 n-achgabcnt, if cuic feoie
T), ocuf m cobpot>atl ceuna ai]i.

Ocuf comaD ann bu fiutDlef aeTigabala iae m can na fuil
Dil m cmaiD oca ; no CID bee CID mop. bef acca DO feeaib, if
cine feoie ma jabail f.em, co fio gaibcep, in bee fin no in mo^i
fin afi cuf.

^5"1Tlai5i ocuf cincha D'atfe^etD af m baile m fio gabai) iae co
f.oj\uf m peichemun coichDa, ocuf anaD ocuf Diehnn o^ifia fo
aicne na fee, ocuf fogeile ocuf bletc aon anmann DO fiie fuu
uile, ocuf lobaD DO Dul ma cenn o cicfja am-if ifi lobca ; ocuf Da
teaifirnuifcee Diaf fie comieD, DO beiDif Da bleic. Ocuf Dama
, dcufJiKAit^J ' ) jof^abfia DO beic ecufifia, DO beic letfqxipall ann gac Iae, CID a
cam CID a n-ufifiaDuf .

Ocuf ifeD if anelaDnac ann, gtaf, no geitnel, no flabn,a; ocuf
ifet> if elaDnac ann cac m o ea fin aniach. Ocuf noca

SENCHUS MOB. Ill

native or of his chief, five ' seds ' of the vilue of him shall be forfeited DISTRESS.
every natural day, and one-half of five 'seds' if for the liability of
a stranger, and one-fourth of five ' seds ' if for the liability of a
foreigner.

If a bondsman has been taken in distress for his own liability,
expenses of feeding and keeping shall accumulate upon him, but for-
feiture shall not ; and the feeding which shall accumulate upon him
is a measure of corn to be forfeited every natural 'lay, if taken for
Lis own liability, or the seventh of a measure if for the liability of
a kinsman.

As to the wages of his keeper, there is no difference of debtor or
kinsman with respect to it ; but if it is an ' eladhnach ' that secures
him, there shall be a ' screpall ' for it for every natural day. If it be
an 'aneladhnach,' or a lock, fetter, or gyve, or a chain causing pain,
there shall be half a ' screpall ' for it for every natural day.

If persons be taken in distress while less than their value is due,
doubt of distress shall regulate the case ; one-fourth of five ' seds '
is due to the native, one-eighth of five ' seds' to the stranger, and
the sixteenth part of five 'seds ' to the foreigner ; and no ' smacht'-
fine is due to or of the bondsman. In this case they had not the
amount of the liability in 'seds;' but if they had, and that they
themselves were taken in distress, then five 'seds' are due to the
native, and the same amount is due of him.

The time that they are themselves liable to be taken in distress
is when they have not the amount of the liability ; or, according
to others, whatever property they have, whether little or much,
there is a fine of five ' seds ' for taking themselves, unless that little
or that much be first taken.

The places and the territories from which they have been taken to
the dwelling of the plaintiff, are to be considered, and there is a stay
and a delay in pound for them according to the nature of the ' seds,'
and the expense of feeding and tending one animal shall accumulate
on them all, and liability to forfeiture shall arise when the period of
forfeiture shall have arrived ; and if it be required that two persons
should keep them, there shall be charged the double expense of
tending. And if it be a chain that is between them, there shall be
half a 'screpall 'for it for every day, whether in 'Cain '-law or
'Urradhus'-law.

' Aneladhnach ' means a lock, a gyve, or a chain ; and ' eladhnach '
means everything besides. And there is no difference in the expense of

<Ww 4)

112 Senchuf

DISTRESS, -oecbtp ambit) cm mi a cincro bo-Dem, at> nn cnuro n-mMeogain,
ocuf noca nfuil TieTrbip. a po^eilc nach ambteit. Mo T>no, co
nibeit amait mTHfi lebap,.

1Tlaf iac pern gabaf 1 n-crcbgabail 7>aina pepp, leif a feoic no

rgabail 1 n-arbjabail, ocuf ni puaip m fie utpf a p.achaf> annul

a loba-6 if e yxe layif ^agacfOTn fein. TTlaf a V e 1M l ^ e T a n5 at)a1 '-

fim a n-crchjabail naf a f eoic, in i\e \a]\f a iia^u 111 uiliacan) a

lobat) if e ^e m^xf a

TY1o ma m coippT>tp,e m m po Tileaclic ant> fin, 110 if cut-puma

i, p,if . Ocuf oama'D luga m m po tilefcea ant> ma m coip.pt>ipe,

cute peoic T>O T)ul a tobat) -oe ap gac lain naicmra, ocuf m

miapcpa bmf ann p,eip. n-arhjabata T>O oenani t>e; fojeilc ocuf

lobai) aon aninann T>O piajailc p,if .]

' y r/ ^ e 9 "Oopec aufipqia each n-adisabala La peme.m^e ma

/.rT)o nemchib no ma po|X nemdub ; copec qiofcuT) a cob-
achfaiDe. Necb naT) ^eLLa T)i qiofcuT) if eluchach tia
mule; in a poliiing na huile m -oijienaii o T)ia na
T)uine.

T)o pec aup.pocT\a .1. if rietnceccaip tium aei voqrwro apaiTi afi na
e peimb tia achgubail T>O ^abail T>ib cena iiTDUf eile, .1. apati natna fo\t.
jina-oaib feme. 1nj;e m -no nemc1iib,.i. 11156 ayx ace. CCca ace lium
an-D, ma T>O neme-n yop. an.aile sr ia ' D V !xt * a V ! 1 aceili, -i. T>a nemen
ott Rnai-6 v^a^a. 11o inu \:o]\ tieitnchib, .1. $\\<ro

2-T.1. apcro nama fop, 5f.aT>aib feme jxia ngabatl acbjabala T)ib,
apcrt [ocuf rriofcaT)] imunrio fop, 5p.at)aib flaca. "Dm naqiaic
0'D?62. ria sfiaiti fem na sp-ait) flata cm comstiar* [flaphaeile] 1 niailli -fi-C
P-1. if CU1C T eoic uaitib, ocuf acchu|X, athail afbeip, a mbf,eca
neimcT). Ocuf if cm caifv^fin olije-o Doib pn ; ap, -Diacaip,ctea,
3o p,o ba Dilfi a piach DO

TYla DO cait> in sporo feme o'acp.aD m 5p.ait> flata cm 5p,a-o
flata eile leif, ocuf p,o aip,beip,ei> p.if, ocuf 111 cap,cuf DligiT) T>O,

SENCHUS MOE. 1 1 3

their food whether they be detained for their own liability or the DISTRESS.

liability of a kinsman, and there is no difference in the expense of

feeding or tending. Or, indeed, there is, as the book tells.

If it be themselves he has taken in distress and that he would
have preferred taking their property in distress, but could not find
it, they shall become forfeited in the same time that a 'cumhal'
would be forfeited. If he prefers taking themselves in distress to
taking their property, the time in which the entire property would
become forfeited is the time in which they shall become so.

The thing due to him in this case is greater than the value of the
body-fine of the debtor, or it is equal to it. If the thing due to him
should be smaller in value than the body-fine, five ' seds ' of it shall
be forfeited every natural day, and the excess shall be adjusted
according to the law of distress ; the expense of feeding and the
period of forfeiture of one animal shall regulate it.

Notice precedes every distress in the case of the
inferior grades, except it be by persons of distinction,
or upon persons of distinction ; fasting precedes dis-
tress in their case. He who does not give a pledge
to fasting is an evader of all ; he who disregards all
things shall not be paid by God or man.

Notice precedes every distress, i.e. I deem it more proper to serve legal
notice on the inferior grades than to take distress from them in any other way, i.e.
notice only />*(/'"/ "n the inferior grades. Except by persons of distinc-
tion, i.e. 'inge' means except. I make an exception here, if it be by one person
of distinction upon another, by one of chieftain grade upon another, i.e. by a person
of distinction of tin; chieftain grade upon another of the chieftain grade. Or upon
persons of distinction, i.e. bv the inferior grade upon the chieftain grade.

That is, notice only is to be served on the inferior grades before
taking distress from them, but notice and fasting on the chieftain
grades. If a person of the inferior grades sues a person of the chief-
tain grade without having another chief of the same grade along
with him, he shall be fined five 'seds,' and shall be non-suited, as
stated in the Bretha Neimhedh. 1 This is when what the law re-
quires has not been offered to him; for, if it had been offered, the
debt is always forfeited.

If a person of the inferior grade has come to sue a person of the
chieftain grade without having a person of the chieftain grade along

1 Bretha Seimhfdh. This is a law tract given in O'D. 2189, et fey. which treats
of the law of persons of distinction, viz -learned persons, the clergy, chieftains,
poets, judges, and chief artinVrrs.

114 8enchup TTloji.

DISTRESS, if cuic feoic, ocuf atcuji co latte pofi feccmam -poyx tnif -peep,

bliatiain. Tfia fio ai^be^e-D f.if, ocuf cayxcuf T>li5eT> 750, if cuic

feoic ocuf atchufi t>o Sjief. Illunaft aifibefieD [.1. nnfiifin] fiif,

ocuf ni caficuf olivet) T>O [oaif |io tyioifcc,] if a tia

^ aigait) an-ait>ai^, ocuf tia peidi Tj'ic.

ut) a cobadiyafDe, .1. if jxemcecracu
na cobach acligabala T)ib, .1. ta caeb apaiT), .1. a]i 111

"Ota ryioifd peichem coicheixi an jell -DO, if t>mblcn!> pach
T)iablat) mbiT), ocu^ feccmcro maiibca, octif enecclann,
^cuf bicro T>O. T)ia rotiacreyi biaT) T>o ocuf m cabatfi gell,
if T)iablaT) pacli ocuf cuic feoic no nama. "Ota roiixcrlieix
inn]fi|xo jell t>o, ocuf 111 ca)icuf biat> if rjilp a fiac vcm ocuf
cuic

/fMech naT) getta T>I cjxofcuT), .1. necti na cabaiyi j;ett >DO fcmp,
cyioifce, no na geltann oliget) -DO caificf m T>O yionne, .1. ian. napcro. 1 f
eluchach na n-uile, .1. n,echca, .1. if elu-oach na nuile -Dlijei), no na
nuite coicneT>a.

.1. inT)li5iT) T>ON pechemani apam ocuf C|iofcat>, ocuf
Tjo gabail T>e im mi nafi T>li5efca]i; niDligiT) T)ono rjon bit)baiT)
a eloT)fUTD im T)lij6 .1. aT)a nniT)ligiT) 015111 1 n-aij;iT>. "Dia
caificchei\ imu]\fiO tilijef) 750 ocuf c-p.ofcaT) cai]\if , if piacli fom
DO mmec uaT> ocuf cuic feoic.

ITlat) lie in fe\\ acayiafi ann elaf, ocuf fio pcifo co iTolejufi 111
, if tuablaT) uat> ocuf cuic feoic. Tf\ar> cunncabaiiiT- latf 1
gafi Tje, cit) cunT)cabai]ic, if lecTJiablat) uat) ocuf cuic feoir.
TTla r oe\ib laif cona rjlegafi tie, ocuf m Tilejup., if cuic feoic
nama afi a neloD ; fie DOIIO mam curiT)cabai|ic laif, muna

>c In ci vl u1T1 5 na hutlp, .1. in ci impuitingif na huile intiligce aid
buT>em, no na wte cocheTxi T>ti5checa T>O bein, necli eite ai)x cen pjaeqfia
olvsiT) umpu, .1. in ci lecef eloT) na nmle T>li5eT) no na n-uile coiche-6a,
.1. tia huile cinina- Mi Dijtenajx o TIIO na ouine, .1. im pennaic

SENCHUS MOH. 1 1.1

with him, if he be noticed of the defect, and what the law requires DISTRESS.

has not been offered to him, he shall be fined five 'seds,' and shall- I - >-r*+n,is af.

ftut-sue for a year and a month and a week/ If he has been noticed

of the defect, and what the law requires has been offered to him, he

shall be fined five ' seds.' and always non-suited. If he has not been

noticed of the defect, and what the law requires has not been offered

to him, and if he has fasted, there are two illegalities face to face,

and the debt must be paid.

Fasting precedes distress in their case, i.e. I deem it right that they
IK- fasted upon before distress shall be taken from them, i.e. besides the notice, i.e.
it is not notice alone that is to be given to them.

If the plaintiff has fasted without receiving a pledge, he gets
double the debt and double food, and the seventh of death-fine, and
honor-price, if food has not been offered him. If food has been
offered him, and a pledge has not been given him, he gets double
the debt and five ' seds' only. But if a pledge has been offered
him, and yet he fasts, though food be not offered, he forfeits the

debt,and five 'seds,'U-it- pjt^i /rf^/,^1

He who does not give a pledge to fasting, i.e. a person who does not
give a pledge to stop fasting, or who does not offer what the law requires before
it, i.e. after the notice. He is an evader of all, i.e- rights, i.e. he is an
evader of all laws, or of all suits.

That is, it is unlawful for the plaintiff to give notice, to fast, and
to take distress for a thing to which he was not entitled ; it is also
unlawful for the defendant not to have offered him what the law re-
quires ; thus there are two illegalities face to face. But if what the
law requires has been offered to him.and that hefasts notwithstanding,
he shall be fined according to the length he went, and five 'seds' besides.

If the defendant evades the law, knowing that the debt is due of
him, he shall pay double the debt and five 'seds.' If he be doubtful
that it is due of him, and that there is cause for doubt, he shall pay
half double the debt and live 'seds.' If he be certain that it is not
due of him, and that it is not due of him, it is five 'seds'- only for
havinir evaded; thus, also, if he were doubtful, and if it were after-
wtadtfotmd not to be due of him.

He who disregards all, i.e. he who is guilty of all illegalities, or who

all lawful suits which an.ither may bring against him without giving a

IIISWIT respecting them. i.e. the p.;i".,u wlm evades all laws, ur all suits,

i.e. all order. Shall nut I.e paid by find ur man. i.". a< r^j-anN i-iiance

I .'

116 Senchur Tlloji.

DISTRESS, ocuf im ein.ic, mat> e a bef TJO Jinef elori catcti ; umyi eiftnT>n.aic tain
'DO ni TOon Cctaif eUro TOO lecon, ocuf tioca t>enann T>on Sfiai'D cuaithe,
ace eif intin.aic teici, ma ca cocuf aici co nt>enam maiufa t>e.

CCpan cuicci fop, cmcach 5p.am feme, ocuf arTigabail no

.rgabait ne. CCpun necmaine fo\\, inbleoain ma^a gftati peine if

mbleogain T>O, ocuy noca n-eicen qiofcat), na rjxeip irncenimijci

fofi cecra-p, T>e. CCpai) "Decniaifie poyi cmcach gliaif) ^tata, ocuf

apan oecniai'De po^ inbteogmn, tnafa 5fiat> ftaca if mbleogain

T>O, ocuf cixofcat) ocuf cixetfe itncennnigti <0]\ Tieccafi Tie.

/oTTlafa 5|vat) flata if inbleogam no jfian peitie, apan nectnaine

ai|i, ocuf cp.of cai>, ocuf cp,eifi imcennnigti. IDctfa sp-an feine

if inbleogam no gyxan iptaca, apan necmame aifi, ocuf noca

necen cfiofcan na cfietfi

,, ,^ 1ti ci lomjeff nctjcjoige fieip, T)i ciiofcuTO, ifi a bjiecti

;fla pem, affieti TuabuLneich afia rp,oifcche|i aifie.

1 n ci toitigeff, .1. in ct loingey m, ocuf na comoigen-o
im m m ima |ia ci>o^ca'6 ain, .1 brobaiT), .1. Tjon ci bif ac cp.o-]rcaT> aip, mi
m m T)li5if. La v el)1 > .1- t>o jveifi in pemechaif. CCfV 16 " "oiabul, .1.
icuproiabUiT) na pac im a n-oencap. in cn.oyx;aT).

2o1T)tina raifigrefv bian no if mablan mbin ocuf mabtan
ocuf in cumal ocuf cuic feoic ; ocuf ma caificcep, bian no if
mablan piach no ocuf cuic feoic. "Oiacnicefcafi maicin m elam

'

'

C. 2673. TTIa caitnc 5p.an f em n'acfia [an gp-an plata] cm Sfcan flacha

i^mialti fiif, maf apan cucufcajx, cuic feoic uan ; ocuf mafa

cjiofcan cute feoic uan, ocuf ni aicejurc iap.um airep,p.ach.

"Oume nac yilin fin ; ocuf mafa filen he, maf apan cucufcayi,

cuic feoic uan ; ocuf mafa qaofcan ctnc feoic uan, ocuf nf bi co

Jri/lt, oo ckklodh ij) m bbanain ba ma becamnuf 7fil.

O'As'f 3o T>uine no cuam n'accfia a piach ann fin, ocuf mfi cmcan he,

in n lomgef m f.ep, call, cuic feoic uan ocuf mablan fiac ocuf
eneclann. TTIa cayiguf fiiap, no, ocuf nip, sab, m ci cfioifcef
cap caificfin fieip.1, jp.1, cuic feoic, ocuf mlfi a pach no nemaqxa

SENCHUS MOB. 117

and 'eric'-flne, if he is always evading everyone; for it renders an ecclesiastic DISTRESS.

perfectly unworthy to have evaded, but it does not render the layman so, whom

it renders only half unworthy, if he has property with which he does good.

A notice of five days is to be served on a debtor of the inferior
grade, and then distress is to be taken from him. A notice of ten
days is to be served on his kinsman-surety, if his kinsman be of the
inferior grade, and it is not required that fasting be done, or three
days of grace be allowed for either of them. A notice of ten days
upon the debtor of chieftain grade, and a notice of ten days upon
his kinsman-surety, if his kinsman be of the chieftain grade, and
fasting and the three days of grace for either of them. If one of
chieftain grade be kinsman to one of the inferior grade, a notice of
ten days is to be served on him, and there must be fasting and three
days of grace. If it is one of the inferior grade that is kiusman to
one of the chieftain grade, a notice of ten days is to be served on
him, but it is not compulsory to fast or allow the three days of grace.

He who refuses t > cede what should be accorded
to fasting, the judgment on him according to the
Feini, is that he pay double the thing for which he
was fasted upon.

He who refuses, i.e. lie who withholds a tiling ami dues not cede what
should be accorded by law respecting the thing for which he was fasted upon, i.e.
the defendant, i.e. to the person who is fasting upon him for what is due to him.
According to the Feini, i.e. according to the 'Fenechus'-law. That he
pay double, i.e. he shall justly pay double the debt for which he is fasted upon.

If food be not offered to him he is entitled to double the food and
double the debt, and a 'cumhal' and five ' st-ds ;' and if food be
offered to him he gets double the debt and five 'seds.' If he re-
spend to him by giving a security all is right. ! ( % ^^ -ft"** ** k ^

If one of the inferior grade come to sue one of chieftain grade
without having one of the chieftaiu grade along with him, and if
notice has been given, he is fined five 'seds;' and if he has fasted
upon him, he is fined five 'seds,' and shall not sue again.

This is a person who is not a poet ; and if he be a poet, and has
served notice, he is fined five 'seds ;' and if he has fasted, he shall
be fined five ' Beds,' and shall not be entitled to his refection for
two years, ir.

This was a person who went to sue for debt, and he was not re-
sponded to, the defendant who refuses- shall pay five 'seds,' and
double the debt and honor-price. If what should be accorded to
him be offered to him, and that he has not accepted of it, he who

118 -Senchup Tllop.

DISTRESS. T)O jfief. Ro Tilig na paca anti fin, ociif nitmap, -olecnc, ociif
f)'D~55 "DO cuait> t>a nacfia [if] pac fom T>O nimec uat>. TT)unap, nncaD
, ana nini>liT:iT> ai^aiD 1 n-enec.

M5-

1n a qioipcep rap raipcfin peip T)o, acbatlt a

r a ptn^mll pene. 1p pen coip each qioipcche la
^ apach pop popaidi nat> elm, no jell "Do geallaib qieibi

<y<t.y<>t7 jnech pjnp a qioipcidiep aipe.

1n ci cjioipcep cap, caiixcpin, .1. in ci r^oi^cey cayx
t\,ei|xi olijiT), in pef, amuig, .1. in T^ecnem coiche-oa. CCcbatM
n> a puigi nit peine, .1. eipl)T> uar> im otigi'p'DO \w\\ puigill in
1. a peich, ocu-p acme cuic feoic ocuy enectanti ma n.o ba chmnci
fW ftig m m yio acain,.

.1. "Oilfi a puch, ocuf cuic feoic o neimtib i qxofcan
caip,cpn p.iafia ; ocuf ma 5p.af> feme 7>obefia apat> f op, afiaile
is cap, raip,cpn p,iap,a, if tutp a pac nania.

TTIa 5p,aD femi cp,oifcef fof^gftai) flata co raificfin p.iap.a, 1C
cuic feoic, ocuf a cmncu co f eccmam fop, nup fop, bliatjam. TTla75
5p,at> plin ic ctnc feoic, ocup a cmncu ma mbtiatiain 7p,l. x -KC*.

b coin, each cpoifcche, ta penn .1. if e 111 if coin,
DO Txeip, in petiechaif. CCp,ach

.1. ni f-oib cpebaipi n,tf na piachaib poime, .1. fop. T>asp.mt -oo
yeni. Na teicpe etor>, .1. nee oia nibt cuina eibin,c ocuf aicroi, .1.
, noca nreloT) -DO lecen can jxatt pif ini -Dli5iT>. 11 o getl -DO gellaib

'Gpeibi, .1. no gol'./ T>O geltaib bif aice ina cpeib, .1. if aicain,e jao bui
O'D. 56. ify-if " a pochaib 7x011111 fuim [.1. Ian gille no fmacc gille ocup eicifie im;

Hech VT^'f a cnoif cichen,, .1. nech 'iia nT>encaifi ain, in
ticon, comajXT) pif in getl ocuf m cn,ebaijie if cuma epep,c
ocuf

SENCHUS MOR. 119

fasts after what should be accorded has been offered to him, &c., DISTRESS.
*l!l pay five 'seds,' and forfeit the right of ever again suing for
the debt due to him. In this case the debt is due to him ; and, if
it were not, and that he went to demand it, the fine should be
according to the length he went. If he was not responded to at all,
there are two illegalities face to face.

He who fasts notwithstanding the offer of what
should be accorded to him, forfeits his legal right
according to the decision of the Feini. The just rule
of stopping each fasting with the Feini is to give the
security of a good surety who would not evade, or a
pledge of the pledges in the house of the person who
is fasted upon.

He who fasts notwithstanding the offer, Le, he who fasts after the
offer of his lawful right to him, i.e. the man outside, i.e. the plaintiff. He forfeits
his legal right according to the decision of the Feini, i.e. he loses
what is due to him according to the decision in the ' Fenechus'-la w, i.e. the debt due
to him, and if he be certain that he is not entitled to what he demands he shall pay
five ' seds' and honor-price.

That is, the forfeiture of the debt is mcttrr </. ;nui five 'seds' are
paid by persons of distinction for having fasted after being offered
what should be accorded to them ; but if one of the inferior grade
has served notice upon another after the offer of what should be
accorded to him, it is forfeiture of the debt only ttiat is incurred.

If one of the inferior grade has fasted upon one of chieftain grade
after oiler made t" him of what should be accorded to him, he shall
pay a fine of five 'seds,' and shall not sue for a week and a month
and a year. If he be one of the poet grade, he shall be fined five .,
' seds,' and shall not sue for-tww years.

The just rule of stopping each fasting with the Feini, i.e. this is
the proper thing to stop the Ityal prnct.u of fasting according to the 'Fenechns'-
law. To give the security of a good surety, i.e. when there was no
security for the debt before, i.e. oi a goodly guarantee of the inferior grade. Who
would not evade, i.e. one whoso word is as good as his deed, i.e. who would
not evade but give security for what is due. Or a pledge of the pledges
in the house, i.e. or a pledge of the pledges which he has in his house, i.e. it -^
was a hwfng" that was for the debts before in this case, i.e. he nmr gives full-

pledge or 'smacht' pledge and a hostage fox-tlit increase. Who is fasted upon, ,y /
i.e. the person who is fasted upon, for he deems as equally high the pledge and
the surety whose word "d nrfimi* nm aliL-p

8encliuf TTloji.

DISTRESS. [Came] T>eicbin ecannu fin ocuf m baile [aed if in p
O'D. 56. f-iclwt] ; "gabtifi naie -DO cumung ocuf ainfie T>O nait [octif gell
DO attune, fech -DO jett?"] 1lto ean-pruf cac m T>ib fin T>ap,
ajcen-D, ocuf ip emcifin coin cac anach rub raft cenn a cheite
i" illo. SiniT> unufcfio t>o fcun cnoifce m aiT>ci cucat> fo, ocuf cipe
ayiach uili cayifiufrafi tio f ctifi cfioifce m ai7)6i if gell if |\aicr
ftif ; m geM imufiyxo CIT> itlo cit) m aiT>ci cafiyxaifcayi, noca
choift, m aiLi cafi a cent) ace fetch.

[TTlana fioibe ajiac |\if na pachaib a buna, if cmcifin coif^ no
tfcufi Cfiotfce jiait. TTla |io bui, if nncifin coifi ca|\ cenn
ocuf jell T>'aicifie, ocuf feic no 5

O bof ben T>O beficnj; m coirheT) no jpef, acr mafatan
flora if apa-o n-atte T>O beifi ocuf cfiof cat) ; ocuf maf a ban S
fene if apati n-aile 5en Cfiofcai) T>O

* Ocuf o buf fep, T>O bep.ai m coicheT) DO jfief ace maf a^, ban
5iaat> ftata if apa ocuf -oecmaT) ocuf eyiofca-6 -DO beiyx. Ocuf
tnaf ajx ban ^lat) pene if apa cuicn gan cp.ofca-0 -DO ben.]

. 5u*e , - -

,^' 5 -^-ejo JRM^o ^111 coria TniT)i|i riac fafai aena ca^ aiLe. Hi '
7)am etieclanT) anaT)f Hi auruifiis 50 aiiiechca cafi ni

>D. 5*. p ln . ^o 3 nl COTla mnjiri .1. [m ctifcuyinaT)] no Sm mac CCigi, no T>O
Sencha mac CCileUxt, mi "DO camaimfigefcaiyx r\ono cocaimeftan. co
na TiinT>fij7-ei\ aena itaivDa aili -oajv in -oap-a aili nam, no -oa.fi an
najia licnti yiL i naiLi, no t>a]i aili puil 1 n-oen, no t>an.a oen uit 1 ti-aiLi,

U .1 pi>- n-uini(--T> ro iiainna-oiix [!xiif]- 11 ac fafat aena cap. aile
[.i. Cqi ni aria c^ep af coip. gelt -01, ctcc jellca TII if in lau 1 ns
no ap.a ban.uch, .1. man be)xa nee buic cm f aiT>byie if in ta pn,
01 comaD e an,a ban-ucli apr> p,ula dm era farobfve]. Ill t>am ene-
clanTi atiaT), .1. noca T)amann in lanari imT>e5la enech m lulgacli

>i> anat) if fia pitn,fi' na ana-6 name; no i in clannuf m n-mchaib Tjib
fo uili, ni i>aim anat) ipa ma unaT> name, .1. enec na 110151 an, efcep-

CUf T>1.

CCnat) nmne int) fo fif uili, ocuf apati cincci o ipl sfiaTiaib,

1 Finraruth Fithlll. This is a law treatise, extracts from which are given in
O'D. 711.

SENCHUS MOR. 121

What is the difference between this and the case whjjchoccurs in DISTRESS.
the Finnsruth Fithill :' " TlfecS^tSDse^RSiBed a^corop&^itstire^,' y^T/,^ ^#3/7 j- lf
and iJJfR^g for tEe surety, and a pledge for tte hostage, and-^&s'
Kbt Forth pledge?" In the day -time all those things were given
for each other, and each of them is a proper substitute for the other
in the day-time. In this case, however, these things were given to
stop fasting at night, and whatever pledge is given to stop fasting
at night ^ called a ' gelF ; and whether a man gives his pledge by
day or night, it is not proper to tender anything else for the return
of it except the debt.

If there was no security for the debt originally, a surety is a
proper tender to stop fasting. If there was security, the proper
tender in lieu of the surety is a hostage, and a pledge in lieu of the
hostage, and the debt itself in lieu of the pledge.

Always, when it is a woman who brings a suit, if she be a woman
of chieftain grade, she gives a notice of two days with fasting ;
and if she be a woman of the inferior grade, she gives a notice of
two days without fasting.

And when it is a man who brings the suit, if it be against a
woman of chieftain grade, he serves a notice of ten days and fasts.
And if it be upon a woman of the inferior grade, he serves a notice
of five days without fasting.

It was just of Sen when he adjudged that one day
should not be extended beyond two days. Honor-
price does not admit of stay. The false decision of a
court does not e-xtend the-eae day longer, f^ 1

It was just of Sen, &c., i.e. it was no injustice for Sen, son of Aigi, or
for Sencha, son of Ailell, when he estimated or adjudged that the one day should
not be extended beyond two days, i.e. that one day is not extended beyond the
second other single day, or beyond the second single day in the other, i.e. two days,
or beyond the other, i.e. two days, that is, made by the one day added or beyond the
one, that is in the added part of the other, i.e. two days, i.e. it was the truth of
nature that was estimated by him. That one day should not be extended
beyond two days, i.e. for it is not at the end of three days it is right to give a
pledge for it, but the pledge must be given the day on which it is taken, or the
next day ; i.e. if a person says that he has not the means on that day, he gives a
pledge instead, and next day, if he has not procured the means, it is taken away.
Honor-price does not admit of stay, i.e. the full protection given in the
case of the milch-cow does not admit of a longer stay for her than a stay of
one day ; or for the thing whi"h ; i l(iYi'f' tnr t 11 " r"-" *""*'"" of all these no longer
stay is allowed than the stay of one day, i.e. for the protection of the virgin, as an
exception in her behalf.

A stay of one day for all these which follow, and a notice of five

122

1Tl6ji.

DISTRESS, ocuf aporo T>ecman>e o iiafal gyiaDaib, ocur iy e-o pofiyio ace
C. 2766 T^e*a, cuicchi OfuiT)j^, ocuf 7>eclimaT> [poyifio], T>ai5ife Aof gatb

Tiirr rpi?p ^

t>i a

Mi auptiifus 50 aifxechta .1. nocan v'T 1 P"T l 5 ec 1 " airwcc anat>
,f ipa uiniti na anaT) name, uaiyi 130 ba 50 -ooib T>ia nipvuiiigtciv.

THa fio gcrca nech t5o cofic op,ceta aiyvuc, no mole no m bef

| O'A-ltlf} jcofmoal T>O, ocuf tna no ci tiam caein, bef enec~|iuice T>uie,

ejiennae'oocinncai ifi lau pn, no ap.abap.ach, m Ccmp,isa Uap4f .
' oh, Htvrjhittjctk VA-sy

I 10 aifiteT) ecach pp,i lich, afini p|ii mch, ech
* Ft '5 e ) "oam pp,i h-aji, bo pp.1 blichc, mucc co r\u]i,
caujiu co li; coicbneT) |u, biacha'Damec. e^buiT) pleT)i,
mqieb n-ecatpa; comopuifi each cil,ancu|i 151 caicTi,
-011^.1 mbiT) ba^Aai^ocur caqie, lo r ac oc r qwarhari;
poxul meich ai]iech, ca]icax) p.mce, caficaT) aenaig, im
/f-oinsbail ca^cuip, li|i, mi ctnmT)e jiaiag; im coriup Lm,
im chain n-inbi]a, im ochfiuf cac am, hi caifxec a tega,
hi caifiec a biT, hi raijiec a chincuiji hi caijiec a age
cechca, im -Dingbatl au]icuiLce a jieifi lega; mi co]iur
7)uin, im cofiuf qieibe icip, comojibaib, im chajip,
, inaiTHfep.aib peDna; im cofiur puipc 1 n-aimfejiaib

SENCHUS MOK. 123

days is to be given by the inferior grades, and a notice of ten days DISTRESS.
by the chieftain grades, and the same is served upon them, except
the poets, from whom a notice of five days is required, and a notice
of ten days is served upon them, for such is the notice they serve
on each other.

The false decision of a court does not extend, i.e. the court cannot
in truth extend the stay beyond one day, for it would be an error on their part
should they extend it. ^ . f. . } ?

If any one should take thy fatted hog, or a wether, or something ? &
similar, and if a respectable company should arrive, and that it
bring a blush to thy face not to have food for them, he should pay it
back on that same day or on the morrow, it shall not go beyond it.

It is in it (the rule of one day's stay) were included
distresses for raiment for the festival day, weapons for
the battle, a horse for the race, an ox for ploughing, _
a cow for milk, ajigjjvith fatness, a sheep with its ^ i?*^
fleece ; the withholding of his food-tribute from a
king, the food-tribute of a chieftain, the deficiency of *WwW* ' fakf.
a feast, the furniture of a church ; the requisites for
every kind of music, the furniture of each person's
house, the requisites for cooking, a fork and a caldron,
a kneading-trough and a sieve ; the taking away of a
measure from the chieftain, the cleansing of roads,
the cleansing of the fair-green, for taking care of
parties from the sea, for the (Mrctrrtrreffiw-feg of a
vagrant ; for what is right in respect of the set, for
the law respecting a river, for the sick-maintenance of
every person, for providing for him a physician, for
providing him food, for providing him proper bed-
furniture, for providing him a proper house, for guard-
ing against the things prohibited by the physician ; for
what is right in respect of a fort, for what is right in
respect of a house between heirs, for a car in time of
carriage ; for what is right in respect of the bank in
time of turf-carrying, for taking care of the green,

124 enchuf TTI6p.

DISTRESS, cochuifi, im TMtigbail pairlie, nn celjiiD mbpoga, im
lo nenech noi^e/im 7)uilcbine, im pobpiche, im opap-
cam,' im aip,nip cfaiji, im aipnip gobann, im chaifie
cigi 511107), im fcabtil cac paice, im ctiomm, im fcua^acb,
5im pol7)epb, im cacb lefcap, naT) cumfanal^, im fecbc
feocu aje aijiech, im chop,uf echo, im mep, im pocenn,
1Tn T^ 1 " ' 11T1 oc l )a . lL T>^oichicc, im pabp,a mil moip, T>o
cbob^ainT), im bom poj^ui'Decbap, cafifiu-D^ im
ounaiTi; im cop.uf cimeT)a, im gaifie ITDJIUIC, im gaifxe
mifxe, ap, "Dopec a cepr cejicaib ; im gaipe n-acbctfi, im
macbap,"fim cai^ec aji cent) naT)ma "Do tiuT)
, im chobatp, T)o puiT)ifi cachtaifi ecechcu 1 ; im
r ca "aficc, im epnaecbca maccp, im celcuT)
, im fp,ian, im all, im aT)a|r;op,, im biaill, im
i>' pt)bae, im lomain age gniat), im cbpomcm nj^e ban-
cpebcbaige, im yaball 1 n-mmpji ecba, im irblaiiro i
cuiab, im ocbc mbullu ap,a pognac mtullonTi; copiiji,
ctnniDe, 'cip, luroe, liae, mol, 1117)60111, hefiinau, oipcel,
, cup comla ap, vU-gm cumalae a corner; im
mic T>o chicli, im "Dingbail mic T)i cbpu, im
T>1 mip,, 7)1 "Declaim, T)i buiT)ip,, T)i claim, T)i
cbaicb, Ti 7)aill, 7)i anbobpxrchc, 7)i baclaim, 7)1

"f wn/

5? (^>t^ Cvm^- if.
|VU {f

SENCHUS MOR. 125

for removing ia4b& bowses, for the honor-price of a DISTRESS.

virgin, for wages, for shaving, for the blessing, for the ccf /> 7*

tools of a carpenter, for the tools of a smith, for the

caldron of the house of the farmer, for the great cal-

dron of each quarter, for the churn, for the pitcher,

for the cup, for every vessel which is not stationary,

for the seven valuable articles of the house of the

chieftain ; for what is right respecting corn, for fruit,

for ripe corn, for a wood, for erecting a bridge,

for the distribution of the -bens of a whale, for a cow

which the champions provide, for the victualling of a

fort ; for the duties in respect of a captive, for main-

taining a fool, for maintaining a madwoman, for her

rights precede all rights ; for maintaining fathers, for

maintaining mothers, ^o^bringmg-ft-^ef90ft4o-spply

evidence r cape eting-a^ofttr act, 'for assisting tb ' fuid-

hir' against every injustice ; for a knife, for a refieetor,

for the toys of children, for Eemov4ftg-4e-the-feeees, a/c^

for a bridle, for reins, for a halter, for a hatchet, for

a billhook, for the rope of the house of the farmer, for

the hook of a widow's house, for a barn in the time

of harvest, for a haggard in shares, for the eight parts

which constitute the mill : the spring, the mill-race, the

land of the pond, the stone, the shaft, the supporting

stone, the shaftstone, the paddle-wheel, the axis, the

hopper ('cup coinla') so called because originally the

bond-maid was bound to mind it ; for taking care of

a son from the breast, for taktM-4M-ef- a son after a ****/ *"

. ., , . ,, ,. j Vvjun- 0,3.3(1*. If

death, for taking care of a son from a mad woman,
from a diseased woman, from a deaf woman, from the
lepress, from a near-sighted woman, from a blind
woman, from an -emaciated woman, from a lame-
handed woman, from a lunatic ; for a boat which

126 -Senchup TTlofi.

4 r

DISTRESS, cheats; im ediup. bip oc unojicoji a piqic 1

pctntl ci 5 i aijiech, im palunT) ci 5 i bfiHijai-oiTn 5 la r
coria altTntntie,*iTn chloc pertain ceqicc, 1111 cliomctfi, im
chotnairhchep, mi chomlepcha comtndiech, tin laitiT), itn
.rlainnin, nn cliamTielbjia age caicb, mi qiepec agi
niodicc; im chcqib poji plabjia, im echccutlacb pop,
eoclm, im muccutlach po)i tnucu, im p,eicht pop,
- /JIT) caejichu, imjchom poji a mbi ocqiacli, nn con buachaiLl

cacha cedifia, nn otjice, nn ajichom, i
/o ceclica.

CCchgabail aile iciji uni ocuf qieipe fiop mi-Diji -Sencba
1 ]iecbcaib aicniT) im cacb mbanT)ce.

1f auT> TXO airite-o, .1. i^ aim fio airxteT>, no 1x0 tiep.atun>eT> 1
ii-otiseT) na hanie, no 1^ m vocal i^ ^enchuy mp, na ^canT>i\crD i nT)ti-
jeTiaib. ecach vni ticli, .1. cumraclica, .1. aenaig ^ in eyxn-acn, .1. no tic
foLlaiiian ; if anT> araic na ceicp.1 nej-ami aiT\. CCfim p^i n i ch, .1. T>ebca,
-1. no vp.i comiiac. frcli pj\i case, .1. 1 n-aimpp. imjxinie, .1. vn' hm-o^ai;;
aenaig; ipann acme tiaceicn,i nefaini aiyx. "Oam p i han,, .1. in-mmp^
rjiebcaif i n-ep-riacli 7n,L bo pfii bliclic, .1. i n-aimp^ tac*a ipti
cyxzmjva-6; 1|- ann raic nu ceit]\i nepani) uirin'- TD ucc co nuyv, .1. co
meice uin-rie a n-aimpn. a nia|xbca, no cua na nufi. Ca fia co l\, .1. co
lai a olla a n-aimp]x a lotnan,fa, .1. co n-oUciTD 'Coichne'6 yxi .1. im
ubia-o naiTVobi-oe, .1. bia-o pecnca veile na TM& no bio-6 placha cecgiaUnu,
.1. m bn,achai]i no-o biaca, ocuy if anai) name. biac1iat> ain,ech, .1.
na ngncro placo, T)oneoch iy pUrc cecgiallno, atv ame, .1. paenan cuma,
.T. o ceilib na n-airxet, .1. bi'.ucaiyi TIOD biucha|i la laili ocuy- if anaT)
umeuime, ocu^ apai> necttiaroe T)ia puislichep. vp-if- e^buiu pleT)i,
.1. maT) eybaTJach ni T>O flem ceilpne p^acha cecgiullna beo^ up,
wne, .1. 111 -oo biiro na plei-oe 750 <i'c. 1ncp.eb n-ecal^a, .1.
,*iT)encaii. oiwne"" each -om, fecti a nT>encap, cac T>ia, .1. comopaip, m
i n-aimpp oippn,'""! if aiiti acaic na ceicp.1 nefami ai|x. Co-
each cuil, .1. cjaan'o 5 lej-ca i n-aimf ITX airvpiciT) yp.1. no ceca. ^-. <.}* 7/Q
cigi caich, .1. -DO bpecanaib ocuf T>O cen,caillib. Tmcun, .1.
caebecop.. "Din. i mbiT) baile, .1. baile in bi ep.lami,.i. m m if 7>in,if in

^ fad... <M&m TEws-

1 Bacon-making. In a Glossary in C. 143:) the word cuaT) is explained to
mean flesh, and the text and gloss above given quoted as authority cuufi .1.
peoil, ocuf -oeifmiyiecr; ain, "muc co nuip, .1. a n-aimpfi cuati." Cua'D
also means winter, ride. p. IL'IX n. 3.

SENCHUS MOR. 127

ferries from bank to bank, for the chess-board of the DISTRESS.

house of a chieftain, for the salt of the house of the

Brewy, for a lock for securing things from across the

sea, for a bell fr-om-febe necks-ef cattle, for tillage in /

common, for herding in common, for the common bed

of neighbours, for a griddle, for the griddle-slice, for

the branch-light of each person's house, for the blower

of a chief's house ; for keeping a bull for cows, for a

stallion for mares, for a boar for sows, for a ram for <f- !+***$**&/ fruw, //./.

ewes, for a hound of the dunghill, for the watch-dog

for every kind of cattle, for a lap-dog, for a watch-dog,

for the lawful hunting hound.

Sencha, guided by the law of nature, fixed the dis-
tress at two days, which is between one and three
days, for every female possession, y \, f.y^i.

It is in it were included, i.e. in it wore included or mentioned, i.e. in
the law of one day, or under the name of the Senchus after being divided into
sections. Raiment for the festival day. i.e. ornamented, i.e. the dress for a fair
in the Spring, i.e. or for a solemn festival; it is then the fonr necessities attach to it.
Weapons for the battle, i.e. for an engagement, i.e. for a combat. A
horse for the race, i.e. in the time of races, i.e. to go to a fair; it is then
the four neces.-itii.-i attach to it. An ox for ploughing, i.e. in the time of
ploughing in the Spring, &c. A cow for milk, i.e. in the time of milk in
the Summer; it is then the four necessities attach to it. A pig with fatness, ._,;.. /< '-
i.e. with fat upon it, at the time of its being killed. i.e. at the time of meat-
saving or bacon-making. 1 A sheep with its fleece, i.e. with its fleece of
wool in the time of shearing, i.e. with its wool. The withholding of his
food-tribute from a king, i e. his allotted food-tribute, i.e. the enter-
tainment of the king for one night ; ur the fo<>d-tribute of the chief of first
claim, i.e. one brother supplied the food, and there is a stay of one day upon the
distress for it. The food-tribute of a chieftain, i.e. of the chieftain grades, of
such as are chiefs of first claim, it has a stay of one day, i.e. in the same way, i.e.
by the tenants of the chiefs, i.e. one brother paid it for another, and there is a stay
of one day respecting it, and a notice of ten days if jntlgment be passed upon
it. The deficiency of a feast, i.e. if any portion of the feast due to the chief
of first claim be deficient, it also has a stay of one day, i.e. ^ part of the food of
the fcn:t which ia 4ffi"int The furniture of a church, i.e. in which mass
is celebrated every day, <" though it lia" * -l'"toil Pi-cry day, i.e. the requisites
for the mass at the time of the mass have the four necessities attached to them.
The requisites for every kind of music, i.e. the luip-nmib in the Mt/rW*/. *MV
time of music, &c. ; or the strings. The furniture of each person's

128

*(&

.1. \WMMIfli *f- <ti

Uitv du/" ivrv C 7 '/

DISTRESS. mbiaT> pop, ambro bait p,e DIOTJ pecra peite. no pe bucn eutyip, no cun-

oap.ca, .1. ap.aichib aca, .1. batna gaite oc abpoc. CCiet ocuf caipe,

.1. nefam toe i n-aimpip gnimpaT), ocu-p anai> name ap, an acngabait
5abup,umpu. Lo-pac ocup cpiachap, .1- m can p.ecup, a lef beap,

^".i. paenan cuma beop. |Toxut meich aip,ech, .1. miacri T>O na cp.i
mtachatbon aip.ec, ap, ame Tjtesap. a ciaccain, .1. miach bpacha ypt, no
uip^/nec coiiiaif. Cap,cat> paice, .1. p.6c, .1. 1 n-aimrip cua ocuf
aenaig, .1. an-uimpip. cuae no aimpp cocca a n-op.i'p ocup a n-op-aigne t>o
betm T>ib. Cap,caT) aena, .1. vp,i bpunroe aif;e, .1- aichsm ngmma, po

/o leic m bpachaip, ap, a ceiti, ocuf m bpachaip, scibup achgabait -oa ceite
ann.

1m -oingbait capcuip, tip, .1. biachat) na tomgpech, .1. no ape
in puip,c na cop,a capcup, -oon tip,; no a comaip,e mp, ciaccain. .1. biachat)
na mup.cuip.ci, .1. caupcaip, .1. fefi puipc j;abuf im cuiT>ecc r>o compamn

/rnabaip.ci noimacomec; no pep, puipc biaTjcup tucc na baipci, uaip 1-p ta
cip.vp.ip apui-oicepl^tesdp. a co.x.aiT>e, anTOnaiiDe, a mbiaT)h,aD, acaipec-
caib; no pep, pne p,o biacufcap, -oona ap, cen-o a ceitt ann fin,
aichgin a bro an, ame T>O.

"Gap, muip. canccrcayi na T>ame fo, ocuf tnheT) cancarayx na
C. 791. > T>ame dff . [Siche |iaec T>O ctn^e-oati hi tyvachc niafvu co ctiairh,
im luchclaj t>o -oomib, no mil map., T>lesafi -DO ruait huite a
puyxc, .1. rec aije pne a^ a ctp. i inbi co ^15 cuarha,
) aifie. CCfcongaiix p-oe T>on cuaic no jaibait) an
l, ocuf Dingaib Im uile

4<r1m cuiniTje paicig, .1. im in cenn uroe beip.tf af in ci -oana cech
m p,oc. CIpaT) naen tae aip, no bee ma coimicecc pe p,e naen tae, no co
hop, cp,ichi ocur T>op.n ma bjiottac. 1m cop.u f ti n -i. a cuic t>o tin coic-

1 Boiling. In C, 790, various conjectural explanations are Riven of "T)ip.e
mbichbaite." It is stated first, that it is a name for the cauldron, because of the
' baile,' fury of the steam which rises from its edges on the fire. It is added that
it may have been applied to the larder in which is good fare for preventing the
blush of honorable shame, or that 'baile' is applied in the case of a house in
which a king's food is being prepared, and that his 'dire '-fine is due for anything
committed in the house until the food is prepared and consumed; or 'baile' is the
name of a wooden goad or spear, or it is the name of the poet.

Cleansing of the roads It is stated in Cormac's Glossary under the word ROT
that there are several kinds of roads or ways from the 'sed,' which it explains as
semita uniiu animate, up to the ' bothar' or great high road; that all the neighbours
in a territory who frequent the 'urscur' which is fronting the seats of kinga, are
bound to keep it clean ; that there are three cleanings of each kind of road and
three periods at which they are cleaned, i.e. the time of horse-races, the time of
winter, the time of war, that they are cleared of brushwood, of water, and of weeds.

SENCHUS MOE, ,- 129

-ar*-*?*^

h o u s e, i.e. of plaids and bolsters. 'Tincur,' i.e. fwBitwe. The requisites for DISTRESS.

cooking, i.e. the -piece of the prepared food, i.e. what is due for the food which

is required for the night's entertainment, or the food of bargain and contract, i.e.

which is paid for rent; i.e. it is so called from the fury or^steaming of it when

boiling. 1 A fork and a caldron, i.e. they are necessaries at the time

of work, and there is a stay of one day upon the distress which is taken for

them. A kneading trough and a sieve, i.e. when they are required;

they are similar to the last mentinned. The taking away of a nnra-s--w!

from the chieftain, i.e. a measure of the three measures from the chief; in one

day it is right to have it forthcoming, i.e. a meaeure-rf maft, &c. Or it is the name

of scales for measuring. The cleansing of roads, 2 i.e. of the ways, i.e. in the

time of waiter 3 and of a fair, k^. in time of war their brambles and blackthorns to

be cut away. The cleansing of the fair-green, 4 i.e. immediately before

the holding of the fair, i.e. if one brother has left the work to be done by another

he must give restitution, and the brother who did the work is here to take distress

from the other.

For taking care of parties from the sea, i.e. the feeding of the mari-
ners, i.e. or the watching of the port that no party should come from the sea to plunder;
or the watching of them after arriving, i.e. the feeding of the foreigner, i.e. of a
party of them, i.e. the. owner of the port proceeds to divide or to preserve the
vc-^el as the case may be; or the owner of the port feeds the crew of the vessel, for
the district on whose share it is cast is bound to keep, protect, feed, make provi-
sion for such parties ; or it may be one of the tribe who feeds them for another in
this instance, and he gets restitution of the food in one day.

It is across the sea these people have come, and it is not so the
persons mentioned below. Whatever thing is cast ashore in a ter- lg~C/Z.
ritory, whether a crew of shipwrecked people, or a whale, the
whole territory is bound to save it from the strand, i.e. the head of
the family in whose land it is, goes to the king of the territory and
fasts upon him. He (the king) gives notice to the territory that he
will take distress, and then they (the whole party) come to save it.

For the dff-Hcult rum "iri"[; of a vagrant, i.e. for the difficult jour-
ney ('tenn uide') which removes the person who has no habitation but the road.
A notice of one day is to be served on him, or he is to be in his company for the
space of one day, or to accompany him to the mearing of the territory holding him

Winter __ In C. 1459 it is stated that 'cuadh' means winter, as,
iti .1. na jiuc .1. a nT>fiepya ocup a tiTjjiaijjtie "DO beitn oiB a ti-uitn-pyi
cucro, i.e. to clean the ways, i.e. the roads, i.e. their brambles and their black-
thorns to be cut away in the time of winter. 'Cuadh' nl.Mj means flesh, vide p.
126, n. 1.

* Finr-yreen __ In C. 790, cuyiccro oeiicni; is explained by .1. a n-aiTnyrp.
cluirhi, i.e. in time of sports. This alluded to the various games or amusements
which the ancient Irish carried on or celebrated at their public fairs, such as the
fair of Tailtiii, the fair of Aonach Cholmain, or Magh Life, &c.

K

130 Sencliur TT16|i.

(L iffi(j\ DISTRESS, cenn no pne, .1. n#pam|Ti6 1 naimpip, gninipaiT), ! m bpachaip, |U) leic a

cute ap, a ceile tie, .1. tirpa no eipc icip, comop,baib. 1m chain nmbip,

.1. 1 m cuipxhep, u hinn iti uipci an, inn m bepa, in cmpc; no ip im a
oenarn j;abup, no in con,ct coiccem> na pne; ocup ip nepam m ciapc;
.Tocup m jbpachaip,po leica cuicup, a ceile -oe. 1m ochpup cac am, .1.
mini attpoipichin uaip orhpupa T>!,i<qp cac aen nume, T>pp, mania moT>,
ocuy ocaib roca, dcyp -oo biur> ocup T>O liaj;. ll 1 rai]xec a lega, .1.
amuit T>ti5ey. I1 1 caijiec a biT>, o. an. ame.

Git> po T>efLa. anat) name ayi in achgabail jabufi im biaT>
im Imt) funn, ocvf fe aca fiat) if in -owl, ""Dm -peyichafi ptnl
pefiji co roirva," 7iit. ? Tie Tjliet> caitnc in T>uine call, ocuf if fen
a rabaiyir y?o cecoifi, na cecma pojail -Don fiyv uichifi ;
^fio in ^ollugat) fuil arro, ocuf m camic |ie Tjligef) fo
i, ocuf anaf) amatl each nefum pop, in achjabail gabu-p,
" O'&fcO /f~tm a btaT) ocof mi lia^; ocuf _i_cen beif a oxhjjabail -pop, anau,

pnachc mecha inrhi|v

Tli caip,ec a chmcuin, .1. no bn,ecanaib ocup cen,caitte .1. lepai-o
. cocecnca. Tli caitxec a cige cechca, .1. natQtp cech falac

*"*

oellec ; no nap,p aen no na cp,i teg-oaipi, .1. ceicp.1 -oop-uip ap-p, conaca-oap,
ic in pjp, pip,ic pop, each lech, ocup mpci cap, a lap,. 1 m -Dingbat I aup,-
cmlce a p,eip, legal .1. ap, na p.o cuilli in lobup, .1. mna ocup com .1.
p, *^* fc| na leccep, pup, 1 rech, T>p,uic na cainci. .1. biaT>a up,cuillci, ocup -ouine
nac cunncabap-cach baip he, ocup ap, aine beop.

"Dm n-upi'pociaa m liaj iflan T>O. TDuna ujxpoc^a ip piachach,

IT .1. -Daipir, octip a iiamnpitie mt)e, inpi pepi na puacrana ocup fepi

na fola. Wo rjono ip fepi na puaccana icup m Tiaiptc fpn pepi na

pola iapi nujipocyxa DO liaj, ocup ^abapi iapi fach a cpnan TDO

liag.

1m cop,up T>uin, .1. a ctnc ipn iiun coiccent> na pne; an, aine beop,

30 ocup 111 bp,achaip, beop. "Oum, .1. W) Denam .1. coircenn an-oip. 1tn

cop,up cp,eibeicip, comop,baib, .1. a cuic T>on cig no T>enum, .1. in

cpeb coiccenn. 1n bp,acaip, gebep T>CI ceiLi, 7p.l. 1 m chap,p, i n-aini-

1 Substitute, i.e. the man who does his work while he is sick.

2 Dull. This means a law book, and some particular law book is here referred to
possibly the Dull Roscadh.

SEXCIIUS MOR. 131

/

by the collar. For what is right in respect of the net, i.e. his share of DISTKVSS.

the common net of the tribe, i.e. it is a necessity in time uf work, i.e. one brother -

left his ,-!i;m/ nf the a-ork on the other, i.e. water or lish between heirs. For

the law respecting a river ('ninbir'), i.e. the thing which is brought from

the surface of the water (':ir inn in bera') on the top of the spear, i.e. the tish;

or it is for the making of the fishery the distress is taken, or the common fishing

weir of the tribe is here referred to; and the fish is a necessity; and it was one

brother that left his share of the work upon the other. For the sick main-

tenance of every person, Le. for the goodly relief in sickness which every

one is entitled to, riz., the substitute 1 and a man to attend him, as well as food and

a physician. For providing for him a physician, i.e. as he is bound

to do. For providing him food, i.e. (At distress has a stay of one day.

What is the reason that it is a stay of one day that is upon the
distress which is taken for food and drink here, whereas it is said
in the Duil 2 : " If blood be shed it is better he should come," <fec. ?
The person above mentioned had submitted to law, and he is bound
to take charge of him at once, that no injury may happen to the
sick man ; but in this case there is neglect, and he did not submit
to law at once, and there is a stay as in, the case of every necessity
on the distress which is taken for his food and the physician ; and
while the distress is on stay, ' smacht'-fine for failure of maintaining
the sick is recoverable from him.

For providing him proper bed furniture, i.e. plaids and bolsters, i.e.

a suitable bed. For providing him a proper house, i.e. that it be not 4 R. fay^t A*
a dirty snail-besmeared house ; or that it be not one of the three inferior houses,
i.e. that there Tie four doors out of it, that the sick man may be seen from every side,
and water must run across the middle of it. For guarding against the things
prohibited by the physician, i.e. that the sick man may not be injured,
i.e. by women or dogs, i.e. that fools or female scolds be not let into the house to
him, i.e. or that he may not lie injured by forbidden food: and he is a person wjiow Tltlf i/n, 'Jtf/jiJj f
death ia not probable, and the stay is one day also.

If the physician has given notice he is safe. If he has not given
notice he ia subject to fine, i.e. he is fined a young heifer ('dairt'), and
this is divided in two, between the aggressor and the wounded man.
Or, it is the aggressor that pays the heifer to the wounded man if
notice has been given by the physician, w-ho, for hio oliiU, receives '+
one-third of

For what is right in respect of a fort, i.e. his share in the common fort
of the tribe ; the stay is one day Sfeo, and one brother aVp. Of a fort, Le. for the
erecting of it, i.e. both (rt tflnrf_mirf tlic eroolinff) are common. For what is
right in respect of a house between heirs, i.e. for erecting his share
of the house, i.e. of the common residence. One brother takes distress from the

K 2

132

DISTKKSS. fep.aib pe-ona, .1. nefam he i n-aimfip, pe-ona ifm pogman,, no in cac

amifip.. 1m cop.up puip.c 1 natmfep.aib cocnttifi,.). mom coiccen-o

hi, .1. a cocup. T>OII cig ocuf hi rifinn, .1. im coip,feif, feif coip. in m cup.-
O'D. Cl. chap, af in pup,c mona'D, m 1110111 cp.uuiTj [if 111 p,e f utham a cochmp-tup..]

/A-"]

*' 11efani hi ocuf a jjabail, a coca T>O buam TDI ararhufi t)on T>mne
no co [npajjabaji hi no co] njabu arhgabail inipi ; ocuf unu-o
name tufijxe; uaifc noca ba nefam lajicam m moin mam benraji
hi ma hamififi coifi ; no if mom ni\in) hi cena in aimfiyi a
caitme, ocuf gaic 110 jaraT) hi ; no if a n-Tilefcenuf nlegafi, ocuf
iirnoca nfajabu^ hi no co ngabafi achsabail impi, ocuf anat) name
f.uifi/)ie.

1 m Tjingbait paiche, .1. t>on paithjce peoip, no ocflba.i. T>O
imach i mbellcame, no Tjul 6 paita m fenlif pop. aip-51, .i."im
na ninT>iti ocuf na muinTjcip.i af an puicce afup, fenbaiLe. 1 m
,rmbp,o-;a, .1. mi cetguni m bp-ofjpeoip, T>on fenbaibi nn ^amain. 1m tog
nenech n 0156, .1. fica?, ocuf coibci o pp., .1. o pip, uo-oem, .1. ap. effcep-

O'D. 61. cuf T>on 015 ocuf Tjon cecmumcip. [.1. m muclutiT) T>li5Uf m 015 ma
fa^uga.] 1m Tjtntchine, .1. TiechmaT) cacha T>ula a Tjuitcme ihi bitTO
ocuf mi tmn. 1 m pobp.ictie, .1. toj; bep.p.r;a, .1. mi m p.ac pubanje, im
in iniboimbep.p.cu, .1. fp.uban,octmar> baip-5me, ocuf compac emi iiafceme

0<6 i ' 7>o T al ^V' ocu f comlecox a cuil -DO cum-o [aip.].

O'D. 61. [T)ecb'if, ecufif.ut) fin ocuf m buim fceoca] .1. mifi no cafina
: ian,n na fcene T>I each left ma fefam ocuf -poDalomg; ocuf

Ian bet.11) tiemef cujxf na inn aifle irifi cigec ocuf letec.
'

->
,-* _ - trim opafvcatn, .1. vnoc ^ebi'mu chba|xcam, .1. f ecrmcro txmbiara m

in bent>actiat) na h-aicoi ac connaip.c, saban. ifin apa-)\-

f/une, \bMr4<$JKj cam. Smacc vu'T lTI11 . cin ' Dcec T m a l x [ an ~] a '5 1T) pe'"' ce cainic vojail-oe
cen co caimc yogaiiT'oei ocuf anaro name a)i m achgabait gabap, uime
munap, cmcaT) cen a ice no cup. jabaT) achj;abail uime.
ml m aip-nif i cf aip,, .1. nefum iac, ocuf anaT> nefaim -pop,p,o. 1m
chaip,e cigi gma-D, .1. imm c1iaip.e bif i cig m v'1^ 5""nai5 no

1 Scissnrs. The knife and the scissors were fixed measures.

2 Srtuilth. The piece of meat referred to was a sulid square portion, each side
of which was equal to the length of the blade of a knife, which was a sort of legal
measure. In C., 71)2, it is .stated that this piece of meat was cut out of the haum-h.

The blessing. It was customary for workmen, on completing any work, and
delivering it to their employer, to give it their blessing. This was the ' abarta,'
and if this blessing was omitted, the workman was subject to a fine, or loss of a
portion of his fee, equal to a seventh part of his allowance of food while employed ;

SENCHUS MOR. 133

other, &c. For a car in time of carriage, i.e. it is a necessity in the time DISTRESS.

of carriage in Autumn, or in any season. For what is right in respect of

the bank in time of turf-carrying, i.e. this is common turf, i.e. to carry

it to the house when it is dry, i.e. for the right law, or right rule respecting what

is taken from the turf-bank, i.e. the hard turf in the proper time at which it is

carried.

It is a necessity then, and it is seeking for his share for cutting
it the person is in this case, and he does not obtain it until he dis-
trains for it; and there is one day's stay upon it, for the turf is not
a necessity if it be not cut in its proper time. Or, indeed, the case
here is that of dry turf at the time of its being consumed, and it
was stolen it was; or, it was legitimately due, and it is not obtained
until distress is taken for it, and there is a stay of one day upon it.

-fmt~
taking care of the green, i.e./ the field of grass or corn, i.e. fri I'erp- ^,,^,

im the fields a hen ijoinrj out in May; or in going from the green of .,
the old vlntfr residence to a summer pasture in the mountains, i.e. to keep the cattle
and the people out of the green in removing from the old winter residence. For
removing to the houses, i.e. for removing to thn bnylnftJinlangiup: to the old
winter residence at Allhallow-tide. For the honor-price of a virgin, i.e.
a shekel and a marriage gift from the man, i.e. her own man, for there is an ex-
ception in the case of the virgin and the lir-'t wife, i.e. the honor price which is due
to the virgin for violating her. Forwages, i.e. the tenth part of every article CE f 72_ .
is the price jr iiiiiinij'u'-tiii-ii'u it^ tngothor with food and drink. For shaving,
i.e. the price of shaving, i.e. for the wages of sharing, i.e. for the shaving morsel,
i.e. a thin cake, the eighth part of a griddle of bread, and the length of the haft
of a knife, of bacon, and the breadth of its back of the skin upon it.

I/I / "*

There is a difference between this and the ' buim-sceota,' i.e. lAnJaJr-',

a su*w<-bit of flesh meat in which the blade of the knife would fit
on every side and be supported ; and the full of the mouth of the
scissors' is the bulk of the joint in thickness and in breadth. 2

For the b 1 e s s i n g, 3 i.e. whilst he ij giving it, i.e. the seventh part of the full tCff?-^
allowance of food of the person who has neglected the benediction of the work
which he has seen, is obtained for not yii'ing the blessing. There is a fixed 'eric'-
fine laid down for it, whether injury has come of it or has not come of it; and there
is a stay of one day upon the distress which is taken respecting it, i.e. if it had not
been attended to and paid for before the taking of the di>trrs*.

For the tools of a carpenter, i.e. they are a necessity, and the stay of
a necessity is upon them. The caldron of the house of the farmer,

the food to which a workman was entitled being settled by the law in proportion
to the rank of the art or trade which he professed. And it would appear that the
first person who saw it finished and neglected the blessing was also fined.

134

TTloji.

DISTRESS, gmccig, .1. in bn-iuguf). 1m pcabul cac p.aice, .1. in pcabel oil bip
cac funte, in caigen bellecan, .1. i jxecan, alep. 1m chomm, .1. ima
cuain-c, .1. im belcumang, .1. in muroe. 1m -pcuagach, .1. cilon,n, .1.
bip ocup an fcuaj; ap a catb, no m mtlan T>uin,n, no m mecain, T>uin.n,
.r1m polT>en,b, .1. bip ocuy m poil ap a caib, m cua clutc. 1m each
le^can,, .1. T>O minlepcfiaib. Mat) cum pan (CD, .1. na comanaT) no
na comiain,ip3nT>. 1m -pecc -peocti cige ain,ech, .1. sp.aro
.1. an-aimpn,nap3chnaicen,: j -jjj- ._,

.,

{. Stf^" ' "ecca feocu

ID PO sna(ip enedlinaib
Caifie, oabacrefcfia, iati,
ech-fyvtan no

1m cho)xii|> echa, .1. me-o no qxuaicTie, .1. im te|-usaT> mT> anba
lm 6e " n ' e

is ime, ocuf ima goixcglana'D pio gabaT) in achgabail, .1. -fo oi t>on neTV a
cenT) puici, ocup p

CI-D po T>ep,a in achgabatl sabtiji imin pocen-o -oo bit fop. aem,
conaT) nieic, no pacb T)unie caire pi am>? 1fe in -pat
fx)T>e]\(x acci niillet acachajx OTTD, ocu;- i|- tiefani neinlecun a
imllci.

Impi-D, .1. pro -oepn) an, -oun. CumaT) airfigin peTia T>epn> an, T)un i_
cin, bun ocup sablaiB ocup a cjvaebaib pon, am, ocup a -oin.1 pon, cn,eip.
CCichgm peT>a comaiccep a pc pon, cn,eip, ocup a -oi^e pon, cmcci. CCicgin
each pef>a o cain,cetl co 7>ip,amT> ocuy iWbiywnTiti pon, cuicti, ocup a -oiyie
35- pon, T)ecmar6. 1m ocbail -on-oichlcc, .1. cro cloch T)noicic, .1. mi
out 1 pn pro oo_ben,an, DO cocbail T>n,oichic coiccinT) na pine; aichgm
nsnima ^o tetc in bn,crchain, an, a ceile; an, ame beop, .1. im beim at>ban, (
Dn,oictitc, ij;ift b^aicp,ib, ocup pro nemeT) ; ocup ip ama beim. OH/H, Oi- 4 8,

1m pub]ia mil moiTi t)o chob^am^, .1. nepam he anr> pn fve
36-oenam cul cjnachap, ocup clan, proall T>e. Neyam n,e ttainn pn, cm cop
nepam atn,pem, .1. no -oenam ciricall t>e m baile ma bi pro. 1y aijve ir
poyv uini. 1m boin pojruiT>echan, can,n,i/o\ .1. meic, .i.'bo caca

m<. Olvba caT1 ' a cultl 5e^ta cems, .1. imm mbom popaigep no pocai^ep can,n,a no

tiL-uk n-n ca 'T>- 1 c tocca no cuaict an ceicro TO> lecun -ooib, .1. bo manxa, .1. bo btara

' D. 63. .^,,0 v . lata ,, 1 , n cnn b , oc ^nan, canu ,

C8

u cm ^ ra ^ a C8

in bn,achaii\ T*o kc a cuic an, a ceile T>I ann, ocup anaT> name/uu m
achgabail gebcaji nupe.

1 Pitcher ('Cilorn')-This word is quoted by Zeuss, Grammatica Celtica, vol. i.,
p. 17, as a gloss, to the Latin urceta,

SENCHUS MOR. 13-5

i.e. for the caldron which is in the house of the man of work or business, i.e. the DISTRESS.
lirewy. For the great caldron of each quarter, i.e. the great 'soabel'
which is used for tlie preinratim, of featts even- quarter of a year, i.e. the wide-
mouthed caldron, i.e. ioJaiSh it is required. For the churn, i.e. the-nm4
one, i.e. the narrow-mouthed, i.e. the 'muidhe'-churn. For the pitcher,' i.e. the
'cilorn, 1 i.e. the rtssel which lias a circular handle out of its side, or the hand-can,
or the hand-'mether.' For the cup, i.e. which has the handle out of its side,
i-e. the bell-shaped cup. For every vessel, i.e. of small vessels. Which is
not stationary, i.e. which is not fixed, or not immovable. For the seven
valuable articles of the house of the chieftain, i.e. of the chieftain
grade, i.e. at the time that they are not Kfraei. dM^at>Jf^ <I/T/&

" The seven valuables of the chief of noble bounty,

Wb-sereiooo hospite&ty in various ways

A caldron, vat, goblet, nnijr,

Reins, horse-bridle, and pin." t-Mtw.' \J^

For what is right respecting corn, i.e. the s^if of tWrick, i.e. for pre-
serving the corn. Ripe corn ('focend'), i.e. the ripe corn is 'foe-a-cenn,' i.e. its
head hanging down, "- '"'s e^'-d^L^ld,' f " r """ rpasnn: and jLjaa-fo^eeding JW ffcc^ Y
itsthe distress was taken, i.e. the ear is in a two-fold condition, its head hangs down,
and it is ripe.

What is the reason that the distress which is taken respecting the
ripe corn has a stay of one day, and that it is not "the measures,"
or fine for man-trespass, that is imposed for it ? The reason is,
that it is being damaged iu this instance, and tho prevention of

damage to it is a necessity. /* frv*///

For a wood, i.e. the sacred wood q( the fort. There is restitution of the
sacred wood at. the fort, of trunk and arms and branches in one day, and 'dire'-
fine in three days. There is restitution for the common wood in three days, and
' dire '-fine in live days. There is restitution of every wood from the outer limit
to the mountain and in the -mountain in live days, and the 'dire '-fine in ten day.-.
For erecting a bridge, i.e. whether it 1'e a stone-bridge <ir a wooden bridye,
Le, to go into the wood for timber to build the common bridge of the tribe; there
is re.-titution for the work which one brother has left upon the other; a stay of one
day also. i.e. respecting the eutting of the materials for a bridge, between brothers,
and in a holy wood ; and it was for i-utting it tl<r til-itrea teat taken.

For the distribution of the bones of a whale, i.e. this is an article
of necessity for the making of the I and Middle trw". It is a necessity

for distribution, though it is n. t MI in it-elf, i e. to make hoops of it in the town, -*& ft*
where there is no timber. Thi.- is the reason that it has a stay of one day. Fora .
cow -n-hirh th i-hnnif:iniii prf"' ij i.e. " i'"t "'. i.e. a cow/or the chief $>&> fa-
for even- district uitr which 1m c'trrriiri rhjH>ijiL'1iii' i.e. for the cow which is
provided or procured by the champions or bailiffs of the people of the territory with-
out allowing them to evade it. i.e. a fat lie.-f. i.e. a cow to feed the chief during
the time that he is making laws ami interterritorial regulations for them ; and one
brother allowed his i-hare of it to fall on the other, and there is one day's stay
upon the distress which is taken for it

Senchuf Uloji.

.DISTRESS Of 1 "*) e ^115 co ftoige-o fop, uyi cjuce, ciumnmgrhefi HOT) co
cuaic co ftuccaii bditT^abalo -oia fuif^iu, .1. bo cacha hmcme,
ocuf j;aibcei\ arligabail afi m a na comcfieca m inborn fm :

, t " Cia bee T>m ca^fui ifin cuaich

!$ f Oc b|iec i jrie T i 5 e rie r lua 5 ,

If afccro T>oib in ai-oci -pn,
"Dia tnbefictieji bo cac aicme r>o

Oef T>ono bin aen j?ejx -oib o mbe^iaii in bo fin cafi cent) Ima
. /. T ' 63> Ulle ' Corl 5 mctT: f 06 '"i 1" bom fin -oopim [nama.] ^TDcrc coijiig
cobm-6; m ceil bef coifi mb cm aenayifm f,aja ace aichgm nama
f aiji ; m n inii\iao T>ia roibgicuii. aehgabail, afp,ip,e bom ocuf
, ocuf log enecti in ci \io 10 bom ppip mi) ^115.

i^.TjJ 3.140. If 1m biacTia-o ounait), .1. combicrcliat) m locra bif if in T)una-6 fie

me jxe o^x coicniclii ; aft aine beof, .1. ^erv each op.ba ocuf a tiibiachat)

/^-huauaib uile; no if fUnc if ecen -oo biar-haT> atro, ocuf m briachaiix T>OT>

mbei]i a mbiun if e nof gatb, -i. ace if v macli bep.a)\ on, .1. bnacliaip. jebuf

ma ixailc- im arcgiti a biTi. 1m coiiuf cime-oa, .1. cimiT) coiccentii

L (JlMjrrrtJG 0'A- f0 / ' a c " 1 "'! 1 - 6 ocu r a cotnbiacncro. 1m sctiyve n-'oyxuic, .1. co nach

.1. nefam in bm-o ocuf in cecach |w> caichpchea IMU. 1m
to Ti-T>n,uich, im so't 16 mijie, .1. ben meji, .1. gin ficrch.

,y/..n. cijn - 1 - Smachc nemroenma jaiyve gac 015 gaca rjiefi co p,uici cmc

cvii T>ec, ocof nocon f.uil fep,ann guf na Jiocaib funT); ocuf -oia

mbe-D, coniaD cuiceT) buT) efbanach oon fmacc; no ce ftoib, cm co
1ioib fef,onT), cumaD he fin a fmacc. CCn ci -oiamti nefa m
'- ^ m ^ e01T1 C01c1le */1 ::a1 ' 1 ' 1trl P' ; a ^ c obu r fein gaifie, m ftnacc

ocuf ni icann mcinbleojon if nefo cafi a cenn cm co catfiaich e
fern co fto teici f.em etoT>, ocuf icat) lajieam. Cuic ba fmacc
nenroenma gaijie m T)p.uic co n-ofibo ocuf co n-obtoi|iecr, if aiiie
if bee m ftnacc. T>eic mbai fmacc nenroennia jaijie cac mi)\e,

SENCHUS MOB. 137

That is, when the king is on the frontier of a territory with a DISTRESS.
host, he despatches an order to the people that a cow be takcmrad
brought tobim by-trrem, i.e. a cow from every tribe, and whoso-
h> ever does not^gy that cow is distrained :

" If there be champions in the territory
caltlu for a Imst,

They may rest for that night,

If they have brought a cow from each tribe to the king."

Now, the cusl(m4s, that this cow is taken from some one man of
them for the whole number. They make good that cow to him only.
This if the case if it be a proper apportionment they make; the person
among them who, though alone, offers what is just, is liable to resti-
tution only ; but the person from whom the distress is taken shall
pay a cow and restitution, and the honor-price of the person who
supplied the cow to the king.

For the victualling of a-o*t, i.e. the feeding of the people who are in the-fcat-
to fortify it at the boundary of another territory ; there is a stay of one day also, i.e. a
man out of even- holding, and they are fed by all ; or it is the chief that must be fed
in this instance, and the brother that supplies the food is he that takes it, i.e. the .
distress, i.e. but it is out it is taken, i.e. one brother takes it from the other as Vf. , ^
restitution for the food. For the duties in respect ol a captive, i.e. the com-
mon captive, i.e. to guard and feed him. For maintaining a fool, Le., one that
can do work, i.e. the food and the clothing which a used by him are articles of
necessity. For maintaining a fooL For maintaining a madwoman,
i.e. an insane woman, i.e. who can do no work.

That is, there is ' smacht'-fine for neglecting to provide for the of. Off-fUff-
maintenance of every child for every three days as far as fifteen
times three days ; and the children have not land in this case ; but
should they have land, the fifth part of the 'smacht'-fine shall be
deducted ; or, whether they have or have not land, this shall be the
' smacht'-fine. He who is primarily bound to supply the mainten-
fv ft ance doc.) not oonaont to be sued for it ; but after he has refused the
maintenance, he must pay the fine, and the nearest kinsman shall
not pay for him (though he himself may not have been apprehended)
until he absconds, but he shall pay it afterwards. Five cows is the
tine for neglecting to provide for the maintenance of the fool who has
land, and power of amusing, and his having these is the cause of the
smallness of the fine. Ten cows is the fine for neglecting to provide
for the maintenance of every madwoman ; and the reason that the

138 -Senehuf IT) op,.

DISTRESS. ^ m ^ e ,j- mo fmacc ina fttiacc m T>fiuc, a\\ ni liat^ipi'Dig m rnejv
octif m bi feyxanii aid. 1T)ume fioib ojibo, no obtoifiecc ac in
if comtnofi pnacc a sa^ie fupn me]\ cm

fan^rnbai T>etbift, itift in yen pine ocuf in cunncabayieach aip.
5T)eic mbliaT>na octif ceitfii pctnc t>on rpen pne, ocuf cuic pchic
bliar>am -Don cunncabaficach aip, no \\ iafif na 7>eic mblicronaib
occrnoTjar:.

Cuniat occ mba f niacr; tienirenani gaifie 506 fen pne oca mbi
yif na hocc mbtiaT>naib ocnno'&ac. "ffK ciniTiraba|icacl)
iafif na neic mbtioronatt) ocmo6ccc, iiacliaii) a ^ejiemT) o pne
na T>enann m jaifie T>O anpne DO ne m gat^e. J-fK\\ fen pne
ocuf cac cunncabaficacb aip cm om>a, if cunial Tieic fee pnacc
neniTientna na 501111 ; ocuf la^x ceryait) oftbo ocuf obloijiecz: aeon
pn pne; ocuf wa mbecif anT)if 0151, if cuic bat pnacc nenroenina
i;ar\ gaqxe; rnunu be initifoi\o if occ mba fmacc nenit>eniTia an

(OH-

'V

CCp, T)O pec a cen.c cejicoib, .t. ir ixemceccaigi lium aipieif -on
nimjniUms fin na T)itTi)?uUm5 a nicrchanJocuf a n-achan, ocuf caifce TIO
gena inivulang a macha^ ocuf a acherfx, .1. a fml, pop, am, .1. a pulnng-

2^3ep.caib, .1. gleich 6^711 a each. 1m gai^e nachan, -i- b)iuchaip,
'Dice |vmle. 1m caijuuc ayv cen^o naT>ma no ltuT> v'^^'im e> '

lrn ca 'T le ccain na paTma'fe ap. cenn nafcai|xe T>O t>il a vioDtiaife, ocuf
pioDnaife fee ame p,o gab r>o laim,,.i. gaibchep, vn.if fun-o. 1n peichem
501 bef -DO pannaip co ti'oefina a viaT>naife laif ; no -oa.no if pechem
^gaibif T>O naT>matm T>O cecc taif T>O cobach inT> na^ma 710 naifc. 1m
chobaip T>O vuiT>ip, .t. nn n-achgsabail -oon cigep-na muna ei DO
cobaip, na poTjaip.! -oo bepap. 1 coicfochca co 1imT>li5cec, .1. vuroip, coic-
cen-o na pne, ocuf m bpachaip, geibef a chuic T>a celt. 1m fan, .1.
7|T ^^-3 caipgec fcena peif, .1. nefam i T>O gpef, .1. acaic na ceirpi nefam uipp,i.

5o1m fca-oap.cc, .1. in fcacan, .1. in pep, .1. i natmpp -oechfa fcach af.
1m effpechca macc|iu, .1. anaicgm, ap atn, .1. na hi p.o uatp sacuf
C. 793. pns oon a macaib beca, .1. camana, ocuf liacpoici, ocuf Luboca ace [no
T"9? \*l oipce] no caic, uaip ap cpip aicgin na cac. 1m celcuT) mbp,O5a,

.1. im celcun in bpoga v eo 'I^ ' "01 cip pocpatce no ona, .1. t>on Cfenbaili
35-im Samam. 1m fpian, .1. m caen fp,ecach. 1m all, .1. uillici he in
oa. fpeic T>O bee aip, .1. uilliu m-oapaill, ppi heochu na cappac no bn>.
O^f-tur ' ^ T11 aT)a r co T x ' ' "TDunsan. apaig ims eich, no rap, op, moingi mn eich,

.1. cenn, .1. itroufcap cop, .1. cenn. 1m biailt, .1. bif ma ail mo

SENCHUS MUK. 139

fine is greater than that of the fool is, for the madwoman is not a DISTRESS.
minstrel, and has not land. If the fool has not land, or has not
power of amusing, the fine for neglecting to provide for his main-
tenance is equal to that of the madwoman who can do no work. <UB. 10

N5n-ew3r-fs^he difference between the senior of the family and
the man of unknown age.- Four score and ten years is the age of
the senior of the family, and five score years is the supposed age of
the man of unknown age. or it is after fourscore and ten years, he is
so called.

A 'cumhal' of eight cows is the fine for neglecting to maintain
any family senior who has land after his eighty-eighth year. As to
each man of unknown age after his ninetieth year, his land shall
pass from the family who have not maintained him to an extern
family who have maintained him. As to every senior of a family
and man of unknown age without land, a 'cumhal' often 'seds' is
the fine for not maintaining him ; and it is assumed that the senior of
the family in this case has land and the power of amusing should
he have both, the fine for not maintaining him is five cows ; but if
he has them not, the fine for not maintaining him is eight cows.

For her rights precede all rights, i.e. I deem it right to treat of W
support before the support of her mother and her father, though the support of her
mother and her father is attended to sooner, i.e. it has a stay of one day, i.e. her
maintenance. All rights, i.e. she is <^ before all For maintaining of
fathers, i.e. one brother recovers it from the other. For bringing a person
to supply evidence respecting a contract, i.e. to bring the contract-binder
as a witness to give his evidence ; and it is evidence respecting ' seds' of one day's
stay he undertook to give, i.e. he is in this case distrained. It is the linr'agcnt that
arrests the witness to give evidence in his favour ; or else it is the Itus-agent who
arrests the cmrrraeCiiBder to come with him to enforce the o&Kiiit which he
ratified. For assisting the 'fuidhir,' i.e. for distraining the chief if he did
not come to assist the 'fnidhir,' who is being brought into trouble unlawfully, i.e. '>i
the common ' fuidhir' of the tribe, and one brother recovers his share from the
other. For a knife, i.e. the knife used at a feast, i.e. it is always an article of
necessity, i.e the four necessities attach to it. Fora reflector, i.e. the mirror,
i.e. the man's, i.e. at the time of looking at his image in it. For the toys
"f children, i.e. they must be restored in one day. i.e. these goodly things which
remove dulness from little boys, viz., hurlets, balls, and hoops, except little dogs
and cats. f,,r it is in three days the cats, cfc. are to be restored. For removing
K>- I In h IP U! I a, i.e. for removing to the hay lofts, i.e. from the hired or let
land, i.e. to the old winter residence at Allhallowtide. Fora bridle, Le. one rein.
For reins, i.e. it is longer than the bridle from having two parts, i.e. it is larger
than the bridle ; it is for the horses of the chariot it w-nrerf. {^ pit, t *firf</

For a halter, i.e. (Uadasterr^Tr^^aTte^-thaLjLuw-the horse, or whatit over the
end of the mane of the horse, i.e. the head, i.e. it closes round *Qtr,' i.e. the head.

140 Senctiuf mop.

DISTRESS, aicicm ; no aill ni iy m bif, no bic flail le ni na liail, .1. m euae conaT>.
1m pi Tjbae, .1. biy oc eibi in peua. ,

1m lomum cige gn 1 a-o. .1. lomancapp ocuy beapc ym ; ocuy CIT> a
if; neich eile bey, iy amlufolym bey abeic ma neyam, .1. imm lomam
biy 1 cig m pip, gmrncng, in bpiugai-o, .1. a n-aimyip gmmpaiT> uili
ym. 1m chpoman cige bancpebch aige, .1. coppan tapn, .1. pai
cp.omehap a cenn; po nam pon euige biy i dgna mbanepebeach, ocuy pen,
leyach po gabuycap aichgabail uime, .1. bac no coppan buana eiT>ainn
O'D. 502. no cuilmn. 1m yaball, .1. [im an yaeb' bel oil iy in pe yucham a
ypeaenaigeepin c-ich, m c-apb'up]; noty im aT>enam gabup; ocuy yaball
coiccenT) he, .1. yae-bel, .1. ayliy ubel. 1m ichlamT) i cuictb, .1. ima coca
iy m iclainn, .1. icla coiccenT). 1m ochc mbullu ap-a Cognac
muillonT), .1. im na hocc mballa bty ac pognam m muilmT), map a
oepam nap tToejaiT). TTopup, .1. ay a cig,uiyci, .1. in euiyci eatpngichep
irnym copup iy ami biy caipiymecu aip ctp na Imne. TuinniT>e. .1
6 copun, co Im-o. "Cip linT>e, .1. aen paeT>,^i. biy i n-niTjjn ena m
uiycii__C_iae, .1. a T>O, .1. m cloch uacraip.. Til ol, .1. a cpt, .1. aip pein.
1 n T> e o i iiT?! . a cecaip, .1. m cloc mceaip. Tl eptnciu, .1. a cmc, a cloc
bee biy pop cmn in muil, uippi mipay m mol. Oi peel, .1. a ye, .1. T>ap
io eel yiliy m euiyci. ITlilaipe, .1. yecc, .1. heipi m muil, .1. m gamut.
Cup, .1. a hoche, .1. iapy am cupuy m capbup uaici m cloc uaccaip, .1.
in cuat, .1. m ciap.onn coll. Comla, .1. comail T>O neodi tac uili, .1. m
muilmT>, .1. coiccenT) T>oib uile- CCp T>li5iT> cumalae a comec, .1.
oligiT) each nt iy cam anlaic pe nech T>ib ym a comec ; no TjligiT) cac ni iy
i^-piu cumal biy ac nech to comla piy ac a chomec, .1. m mutlmn tnle, .1. o
comla nar>buT> mpiaT) a coibeiy TJO beic pop am ; CIT> on' ap T>li5iT> cumal
O'D. 64. a cometc [ocuy ni] oiabla'6 -DO b'eic pop oin, .1. o comUtfo ma paibi log
cecpi pmgmne cac pip iym mbuth/ mantTupchap arQaiy anT>. iy Ian

/A ^ W>* li' togenech, mcro lu,iylec togenech./ 1m T>inj;bail mill T>1 chich, .1.
(0" '9i*ij 30 iap miy. 1m T>ingbailmic T>I chpu, tapnec a machap, no ni halap;/. I.T,!!- Iff-

o mapbcpu ac beip lebap, .1. aichgm a bit). 1m T)ingbail mtc T>1
mip, .1. m ben mep. "Di T>eclaim, .1. m ben bpenanalach. "Di
buit>ip, .1. in ben boTjup. T>1 claim, .1. m ben clam no bpenanalach.
"Di chatch, .1. bee T>e puyc aice. "Di T>aill, .1. m ben Ian T>all. T)i
^j- anbobpachc, .1. in ben cyipg cm yug mpc, uc DIIIC Copmac:

* n " Conbepbap, bpacc

Mebpon bpu petp cm lace
11 mlponcnt." <Ju I

1 Comla. The whole of this gloss is exceedingly obscure in the Harleian copy and
in O'D., 64. In C., 793, the following explanation is given under the word comae,
which is the coimec of the other copies. (JC comae .1. a camla no iy cumal
iyp.en m ci lain, cec muTiu mi anT> alia iy leiy comfic. "To preserve it,
i.e. its ' camla ; or the person pays a ' cumhal ' for what ia lost on the day on which
it is his turn to mind it (the mill)."

SENCHUS MOR. 141

For a hatchet (' biaiu") i.e. ('bis ina ail') that which is always in request or under DISTRESS.

control, or ('aill ni is in bith') the weapon which makes the wound, or ('no bith

hail le ni na hail') the wound of the weapon with which one makes weapons, i.e.

the wood-axe. For a billhook, i.e. which is for cutting the wood. For the

rope of the house of the farmer, i.e. the rope for tying carts and loads;

and though it is kept in the house of another, it is still an article of necessity, i.e. for

the goodly rope that is in the house of the man of work, i.e. the Brewy ; all this

in time of work. For the hook of a widow's house, i.e. an iron hook,

i.e. its head is bent under it ; it is kept under the rushes, i.e. the thatch in the house

of the widow ; and it is her guardian that takes the distress for it, i.e. a billhook

or pruning knife for cutting ivy or holly. For a barn(' sabhall '), i.e. on account

of (' saebh bel') the great open side it has at the time of arranging the grain, i.e.

corn, in it ; or it is taken for the cost of its erection ; and it is a common barn,

i.e. 'sae-bel,' i.e. its side is open. For a haggard in shares, i.e. for his

share in the corn-yard, i.e. in the common haggard. For the eight parts

which constitute the mill, i.e. about the eight parts which are necessary

to the mill, as we shall explain hereafter. The spring, i.e. from which water

comes, i.e. the water which is drawn from the spring rests in the land of the pond.

The mill-race, i.e. from the spring to the pond. The land of the pond, i.e.

they are the first requisite, i.e. which is at the head of the 'en,'je. the water. The

stone, i.e. the second requisite, i.e. the upper stone/ The shaft ('mol'), i.e. the

third, i.e. thit is its own proper name. The supporting stone, i.e. the fourth,

i.e. the lower stone. The shaftstone, i.e. the fifth, i.e. the little stone which

is under the head of the shaft, and on which the shaft turns. The paddle-wheel

('oircel'), i.e. the sixth, i.e. ('dar a eel') over its paddle the water flows. The

axis. i.e. the seventh, the burden of the shaft is on it, i.e. the 'gamul.' The

h o p p e r (' cup ') i.e. the eighth, because it drops the corn out of itself into the upper

stone, i.e. the 'tual,' i.e. the perforated iron. The 'com la' i.e. they are all in

place of A bondmaid to a person, i.e. the whole mill, i.e. the mill common to them all. n - ./

For the bondmaidjwas bound to mind it, i.e. for she was bound to mind c Wrfij' rj^'^*^

everything of these which a pefsorTwTshed ; or every thing that one has, which is

worth a 'cuinhal,' is entitled to a gate ('comla') to protect it, i.e. the whole mill,

i.e. by a gate ('comla') the_jBtHtieg-ef -which-should hare a stay of one day; 'ilf turdfTutf vt-

because the bondmaid ('cuinhal') is bound to protect it, and one of its parts has -tSfl -

a stay of one day, i.e. by a gate ('comla') 1 th? TI'III of ivhirri h four prnnin fnr it, -farf, (/M* n, h ' /

overy man in the place - If Ijnt.h ai-o nnt ^..pplL^ it is full honor-price, if less, it is , ... /

half honor-price. For taking care of a son from the breast, i.e. after !: T^ "&*fc t 'J

a month. For taking care of a son after a d e a t h, i.e. after the death of

his mother, or hej,s nnt nnrspd on 4p;uj blood as the book says, i.e. the restitution of '"W (> rftvtfl^y^// / .,
the food. For taking care of a son from a mad woman, i.e. the in- /Ty^
sane woman. From a diseased woman, i.e. the woman with the fetid breath.
From a deaf woman, i.e. the deaf woman. From the lepress, i.e. the
leprous woman, or the woman of fetid breath. From a nearsighted woman,
i.e. she has but little sight. From a blind woman, i.e. a totally blind woman.
From an emaciated woman, i.e. the shrivelled woman without juice of
strength, as Cormac said
" Fat is boiled

In a caldron, a feast for the stomach without milk,

That relieves."

142 Senchuf mop,

DISTRESS. "^' baclaim, .,. lr) ben if bacach lam, .1. 111 br;i cejvyx, .1. cm -DO
- paeth a cm, ni cualaing a cefaiyigne. "Di -oa-pachcai;;, .1. po cabap,
niT>lai pulla.

CCncro naine afi an achgabail geabmr a <pe-\i lefaig na mban
5- fo anuaf mil mi Tjingbail in atcyxuma t>ib, muna Tmigbaicefi tub
he ap, m fie aji a tiDlejafv.

U( ^

1m echup, bip oc i mofvcop, a pup.c i pon-c, .1. T>on_echap. (.1.
coiccem>) biy ac imup,chup, ap in pu|xc tna ceil-e, ayx aitie beof, .1. aictij;in.
1m pichitt cigi aiixecTi, .1. 5ltiT) -plata in ainiyiT 1 1t1le T lra > ' seibTO
^5116101 biT> Tioib. 1 ni patuiro cigt b^iugait), .1. ne^am lie in cac
inbi-6, .1. mianacti cac am. 1m gla'p conai altmuiiae, .1. -oame
' /. fab J&f't no eicti, .1. nn m gl-ay comecuy na hi r>o bejaap,. -oan, oil in mafia, in gait Dfaf, SOf
c/<*M/ rtn S^f- 1m ct 1 *- 00 V cam cecli n,a, .1. uafatt, .1. -pocaniif im bfiaigicna

cec]\a, .1. T>O ni neme'o cecp,a T>ib .1. impa each namci, no v<> bjxaigic -oia
rrn-aichne, .1. mi yio bia oopum ly m nemeT> cechjia T>O gabaiL i n acnga-
baii, ivet) pf/uaT)^uiii 1 nemeii cedin,aT)OT)enaiTi "Dibco ciaccam caiixmi|x;
na haugabaUt T>e. 1m c h o m a yi, .1. aicgin in comaiji afi ami ; uain, noca -f. aMajf'VUL'
ne-pam ian.cam muna gabcan, [atjabail] uime [i riainrpri a biwna no 1 77"
nainipn, a caicme maya benca he.] 1m chom aichch ef, .i./cac coni-
oaiccey -DO aicicm, .1. bi\achair>. gebey T>ia jiaile. 1m chomTepcha,
.1. im ini cumchai\ ap, in comaithcec, 111 lebqip; aitgm ngmma p.o leic m
bp,achaip, ap. a ceile, .1. commume peme.

O'D. C5. [CCicip,e on bficccmiT, ma fvcnle afi na hica cm m Tjeoixaif) \io

5ab cuice; ocuf af 1 comileptut) puil ann, biachat) -oamie ca^ltnc

-if in bfiatuifv af, afiaile; no nn jni T>O mcep. afi coinitepuir> m

comaice. CCicgm njnitha fio teicc m byvatuifi afi a ceile, amafi

oubfiumtiri

1m lat n t), .1. m gpecet. 1m lai n n i n, .1. in tpliv>Jn sp-ecti, .1. oc
na baip-gine, .1. benay T>on ^pecit. 1m cainT>elbp,a cige
, .1. im m ail T>ip,5i von- ">bi in bp,eo caicnemach amail canroil i

"u- b?

Ymmg foreigners. This probably refers to the slaves imported into Ireland in
early times.

SENCHUS MOE. ] 43

i/j.j.jjv From a lame handed, i.e. from the woman whose hand is lame, i.e. the DISTRESS.

crippled, woman, i.e. though he (her chilif) went into the fire, she would not be able

to save him. From a lunatic, i.e. upon whom the magical wisp has been

Of

thrown.

There is a stay of one day upon the distress which the guardians
of all these women above mentioned take for removing tbeit-etil- fa fa&f<fy6 ('-6-
-4ien from them, which distress is alivays taken unless they are taken
from them within the lawful time.

For a boat which ferries from bank to bank, i.e. the common boat,
which ferries from the one bank to the other, there is restitution in one day also.
For the chessboard of the house of a chieftain, i.e. of one of the chief-
tain grade in the time of playing, i.e. it is like the case of their morsel of food. For
the salt of the house of the Brew y, i.e. it is an article of necessity at all
tim^s, i.e. a thing which every one desires. (_For a lock for securing things f-' *f Mb l fa<j -
from across the sea, lie. men or horses, i.e. for the lock which keeps those
that are brought over the great surface of the sea, i.e. the young foreigners. 1
For a bell from the necks of cattle, i.e. privileged cofe, i.e. whichsounds
from the necks of the cattle, i.e. which makes privileged cattle of them, i.e. it it
about them every night, or depending from their necks that they may be known,
i.e. the fine which will be paid to a person for taking the privileged cattle in dis.
tress from him, is to be paid by him for making privileged cattle of them before the
arrival of the tiiaejif their being exempted from-being-taken in distress from him.
For tillage in common, i.e. distress for the tillage in common has a stay of
one day ; for it is not a thing of necessity afterwards unless distress be taken for it

in the time of reaping, or in the time of using it if it be already reaped. (_F-or ' . ./ * . _ I LJf

h-*<y-B-g-in_cojnmon, i e. every Boighhniij^-lo-hB-fajlhLi^J^f,. t hay shall -/rf4' If, /W-

jjther. \ For the common bed, i.e. for the
thing that is transferred to the neighbour, i.e. the bed ; the restitution of work
which one brother left upon another, i.e. in the reciprocal obligation of the inferior
grades.

A pledge is given by one brother to another that he is to pay for
the crimes of the stranger whom he has invited unto him ; and the
" common bed," here referred to, means the feeding of a party which
one brother transferred to the. other; or it refers to what is done
while occupying the common bed of the neighbour. T/iere is to be
restitution of the work which one brother has left upon the other,
as we have said before.

For a griddle, i.e. 'gretel.' For the griddle slice, i.e. the little slice of
the griddle, i.e. for- turning the cake, i.e. which belongs to the griddle. For the
branchlight of each person's house, i.e. the straight wand upon which the
beautiful light is placed like a candle in the house of each person; or for the 'ail

wj ?/

144 -Sencliup ffl6|i.

DISTRESS, tij each mime; no im'anait coipni?;. 1m cpepec ci 51 ypoch a, .1.

inceice, i. bip oc imput), -i.tepeici pecep in ceni, rpepa an terob; no im m

peiccpemcp.epapeicep.teni i tij; each uaputl, .1. 111 peicipi. 1 tn chapb
pop plabp-a, .1. 1 n-aimpip. T>apa. 1 m echccullach pop. eochti,
S~ ! 1 naimpip echmapta- 1m muccullac pop, muccu, .1. 1 naimpip,
laic. 1m peitlii pop, caep,ch u, .1. i n-annpp. peire. 1m coin pop.
ambi occpach, -1. cu peccaip, T>oipip. 1m conbuachaitL cactia
cechpa, .1. nefam he cipe conbuachaitt T>O na cpi con ~buachaitlib, .1.
ancro name ap. tn achgabail gabup, im airfigitiib na con pin. 1m oip.ce,

.1. bip ap cae, oipcne na pigna imepan ; no ac mnai coipcepach ; OCUT> a

1^-1^1 . ." * ,

pep, po gab actijabail ime, uaip -oa ma ben po ba ana-o aile. 1m

apchom, .1. cu apaig, cu na cpi ngnim, .1. T>mj;aib pep poppatiu [ypc.] ^
.1. ana-on-ame apm achgabail ^ebcap im aichgenaibna con pin uite. 1m
ap. chocanj, .1. m cu bip ap, cae aice^oa na nsacaroej in cu Ian -otigchec ; _)
no na naigi i n-aimpp piaTjaig. CCchgabait aile, .1. icip, ame na pep,
ocup cpeip na pep, oca atia na mban/ CCp a puii anat> naili. Tlop
miT)ip, Sencha, .i.p.o nieipetnnaigepcap Sencha, T>O peip, Dip.si-Decaro a
aicniT) pein. 1 m each m ban T>ce, .1. im each ceccujati mbanT>a, .1. mi
cac n ' Tdegaic na mil a. I

tifi r<Tf -C/bd?" 2V77. ^T co T e conatnup achgabail hume, ache ni ima
cho]imai5 cubuf ocuf aicneD La pene, a copnailfib, iaji
Ofitf piji [ocuf T)le] chca. Ni cechcac ^0]\ Tail if pop, TaiL
O'A-tt anTitigiT). Mach mil conbeiji T)eicheip coi brie pjnu p,o
., ucc bfii^ bjxiu^uiT/bui i pepen3 Cac achgabait aile a
poji cechfiairncliain, a t)ichim pop, ochcmaT).

1 p co pe co namup, .1. iy> co nuice ^fo po cocaimpijeT) anat> naine ap,
in nathgabail, .1. cup in achgabail aile, .% appuc. C u b u f, .1. na cpepen,
o. in lucca tegap. Ocuf aicneT), .1. na pep ppen, .1. in lucca na
teganT*. CC cop^mailpib i ap, pip, .1. m neoch ip copmail pip ocup
3<J na cue ap, aipt>, .1. ecach -DO nocc ocup pp.1 bjitfin ni puacca, no biaD T>O
boccaib.

^la huile nei^hi pn antiap Bite, ac |iubp,aniafi ilroligeT) na
hame, if airo aru anat) name o]\]\a. i n-inbaiti nafi rince m n

SEXCHUS MOR. 1 45

toirnigh.' For the blower of a chief's house, i.e. the 'teite,' i.e. which DISTRESS.
is taming round, i.e. through it the fire is blown, through the leather; or it refers
to the strong pipe through which the fire is blown in each chiefs house, i.e. the bel-
lows. For keeping a bull for cows. i.e. in time of bulling. For a stallion
for mares, i.e. in the time of covering. For a boar for sows, i.e. in the time of
their heat. Fora ram for ewes, i.e. in the time of their heat. For a hound of
the dunghill, i.e. the dog outside the door. For the watch-dog for every
kindofcattle. i.e. every watch-dog of the three watch-dogs isa thing of necessity,
i.e. there is a stay of one day upon the distress that is taken for obtaining restitution of

these (TOfcA-dogS. Fnralap-Hn^jp that ia inn tioinn Lr [J; a 1 ap-dng nf a qncan ; fa frfi- fff/\,

or it is the lap-dog of the pregnant woman; and it is her husband that takes distress
for it, for if it were a woman the stay would be two days. For a watch-dog,
i.e. the chained dog, i.e. the hound that does the three things, i.e. drives off
robbers, &c., i.e. there is a stay of one day upon the distress which is taken for the
re.-titution of all the>e dn-s. F .> r the lawful hunting-hound, i.e. the

hound which is kept for pursuing thieves, i.e. the fully-lawful hound ; or lot pursuing ' T !n< "'uV et , ^ ^ _JM
the deer at the time of hunting. Distress of two days, i.e. between the one "'<?&

day of the men and the three days of the men, the two days of the women come,
i.e. on which there is a stay of two days. Sencha fixed, i.e. Sencha estimated
according to rectitude from the law of nature itself. For every female pos-
session, i.e. for every female property, i.e. for every thing that women are en-
titled to.

Thus far have been named the distraints of one ^rw^vr^t^ ?
day, except those that &re_ extended in_aeeei 1 daTTce ^
; wkh conscience and natureyJb^-febe-Eaini, from analo- w e 4at< ***
gies of truth and law. The latter do not become
lawful by judgment; it is upon judgment their law
is ; all animals which bear twins are estimated by
their equivalents as decided by Brigh Briughaidh
who dwelt at Fesen ; every distress of two days shall
bave its right upon four days ; its delay in pound
upon eight days.

Thus far have been named, i.e. up to this the distress with one day's stay
has been treated of, i.e. up to the distress of two days, i.e. the distress with time.
Conscience, i.e. of the believers, i.e. those who are instructed.* And nature, I r . Who
Le. of the just men, i.e. those who are not instructed. b From analogies olread.
truth, i.e. the thing which is like it, but which TTas not bee?Ge1f stated, i.e. blr ' ^
clothes to the naked and to such as require them at the approach of cold, or food to
the poor.

All those things which we have mentioned above in the law of
the one day, have a stay of one day, when the person of whom

L

146 Senchtif TTlop,.

DISTRESS, nafi 'otige'D iac, no cufi gaboD achgabail Tie, cit> i n-eip,ic fogla

p,o t>ti$et> 7>e iac, CIT> 1 con,, no 1 cunnpa-o ; ocuf T>a cmcro a me

can achgabait T)o jabail T>e. CCcc 7>a ma [1] con, no 1 cun-opa* p.o
olefca iac, tia n-accatjcea p,e aip,ice op,pa, p,obaT) amcla cecoip, (Wo^O)
s-\ fop,ba na p,ee fin. TTlunap, haccaijet) -p,e aifiice of^fia idjx, </-^V^J^

of ni foftf na fuin,michen, aige, if e aige a cimjaifte.^ TTlaf a
UtrwtforiMn/ 7)ualcuf fogla fio T)li5eT) iac, no. mca m ci -oa n^olegtip, iac cen

Or. r/ tf^ (VnvWv/ achgabail -DO jabait, if a me fo aicne na f ogla^cjief a n^eyxncro
iac T)o comfvaice, no D'anfoc, no T>O

vrv aA*?' Cyp T^-mi \.tawfu, Mif*

ic Mt cechcac, .1. noca ceccaichep, m T)oib pop T>ail nac eile ace cuc-
i. ni pop m "oaitp. 1 f pop t>aiJ, a nT>ti5iT), .1. if pop T>ait na
oca ooib am Tilesaic, .1. if pop T>ailft po -oeiligeT) uoib. Nach
mil conbeip^j; oeT)i, .1. nac an, cac, cac mil conbeippif T>eT>i, .1. "oa
nan lap cae, .1. an cupa. "Oeiche, .1. -oiablaT) buaip no emain. 1f
/jcoibne pn.ni, -1- if e ni coibmcise-o T>oib oo bpeife leo -oon cecncujaD,
/- i) CI^W^ fr M'4W*IO/ ^ t ^ con)croa ,|% ^m TJO gabail 1 n-achgabail, ocuf t>o bpeic 1 ceccugat),
.1. if cofmail ppi tiac^igabail aile, cer> im atsabail ame gabcap na mila
[enuga] fin, if cobac aile ceic poppa an. a fpuice. Ro ucc bpis . y
,,m/ bpiuguiT), .). ban bpisui-o ocuf ban ugnap Tjoib in % ceccug coip. Oui 1 -tfrv '
e*W%</4*n. M " ,,,reren, .1. TX> but f\\\ \ TTltii; T)eirrcin i n-Ullcaib, .1. amm m T>uine.

_ .-^.,fi6.. f ** ' I *

ai "* " CCchgabail aite, .1. pop, aca anai) naili, ocuf apcro aiti. CC

C794 ?V- cecnyiariiain, .1. a ^156^ .1. icin. cmcro ocuf apa*,

cnam, .1. ceicrxi laice aicenca. CC T>ichim pop, occmaT), .1. icin. ancro
ocuf apaD ocuf T>itim, .1. apaT> naili, ocuf anar) natli, ocuf T>icim cetpa-
if occmaD f amlafo, .1- lobut> ina cenn if in noma-o to.

CCpat) naile o mnai fon, mnai, ociif o mnai fon, fen,. TT)aT>

f^p, acp,af fop, mnai, if apar> cuicti no oecmai'oe fuip.p.1. TTla

fep, tefach acfaif ceccap, -oe, if apa-o cuicci no -DecmaiT)e biaf

ima fiachu, ocuf if anat> aicenca na fee, ocof a nT)icim aicenca

30 biaf '

CCctigabail aile, ^o inpn im como^buf amachap,, i
mif.ocul mna T)ia fiaile, im 'Dinsbdit mbanceLLais, a|i

i, c^ fa- /ri

SENCHUS MOE. 147

they are due did not offer payment until distress had been taken DISTRESS.

from him, whether they were due of him as ' eric'-fine for injury

done, or on account of a bargain or a contract ; but if he tendered
pa,yment-fctf4ha>, then diatrcM is not takejUjQiuJxim. But if thoy
were due on account of a bargain or a contract, and if a certain time
had been specified for them, they must be paid at once at the ex-
piration of that time. If no particular time had been specified,
then, as it is a thing w4*ee time taa-^iw>{ been fixed, its recall fa vfaA, 0"
shall determine its time. If they are due as compensation for
injury, if the person of whom they are due pays them without
distress being taken, they are to be paid according to the nature
of the injury, i.e., according as it was by design, or inadvertence,
or in the way of secret murder.

The latter do not become lawful, i.e. no one of them is rendered lawful
upon any other judgment but that of their equivalent, i.e. it is not upon this judg-
ment. It is upon judgment their law is, i.e. it is upon the judgment of
two days they have that which is due to them, i.e. it was for this judgment it
was allotted to them. All animals which bear twins, i.e. here ' nach' is
put for 'each': every animal which bears twins, i.e. two lambs at the foot, Le-
the sheep. Twins, i.e. double, i.e. the occasional double offspring of kine, or
twins. Are estimated by their equivalents, Le. the thing that is estimated
as of equal value with them, is that which is to be taken by them to give lawful
possession; this is what they think right to seize in distress, to take lawful posses-
sion, i.e. it is like a distress of two days ; although these clparf animals are taken
in distress of one day, yet there is a levying of two days upon them on account of
their quality. As decided by Brigh Bruighaidh, i.e. a female Brewy, and
the female author of the true mode of talcing lawful possession. Who dwelt at
Fesen, i.e. she was at JIagh Deisitin in Uladh, i.e. it was the name of the fort.
Distress of two days, i.e. on which there is a stay of two days, and a notice
of two days. Its right upon four days, i.e. its judgment, i.e. between stay
and notice, upon four, i.e. four natural days. Its delay in pound upon eight
days, i.e. between stay and notice and delay in pound, i.e- notice of two days,
and stay of two days, and delay in pound of four days ; so that it is thus eight
days in alt, i.e. ike period of forfeiture for it commences on the ninth day.

There is a notice of two days by one woman upon another, and
by a woman upon a man. If it be a man who sues a woman, he
shall serve a notice of five^orjtenjlays upon her. If it be a guar- (icc.b-**- "
dian who sues either of them, there shall be a notice of five or ten
days served for their debts, and the natural stay of the ' seds,' and
their natural delay in pound shall be allowed in such case.

TJiere is distress of two days, in the case of a
daughter respecting the property of her mother,
respecting the evil word of one woman against an-

L2

148 Senchur 17%.

catijif-

iTRESS " in bi 1 mbancellach ace co coip,ib, ocuf lofar,

o each rnnai pop, a fiaite.

CCchgabail aile, .1. an, oca anat> naili. "Do mgin im comojvbupa
Wi{-.3 m action, .1. im caem ofibatiaip a machan., .1. caifiig ocup cfiela, .1. ojiba

fpeiyicpi, .1. on.ba cn.aib no pliapca a niachaji. 1T)ij:octil mna t>ia
fiaile, .1. in T>n.ochpocul T>O bein. m ben an, aceili im a tefainni, no
anvocut na bi puifi|ii, .1. T)iabtaT) in ^'c otomup .1. mipocui tia-o pu
puin.n.1, .1. in sell, .1. pac -Dlipi 1 ben -ora laile. 1m -oingbail mban-
cellaij;, .1. im omgbail m ceccaigti barnja, .1. mDligi-o, .1. m-oligthec
iobef.atcipn pen.ann,.!. mattup^t^ca'T^'S- ( XV "' t>i 1 robancellach
ace co cotn.ib, .1. uaip. nocfian puil ni T^ligcec T>O na mnaib, .1. m
T)0 b|ieic T>O ceccujat) -peiaainn ace caiyug ocu'p lamcQn.aT>. Co
.1. a ceTjoin,, .1. T>I cai|ng in cec vecnc. Lo^ac, .1. an, a cfWD utli
i pon,ba na cju cechjiaman. Cfnachaix, .1. m pechc Tje-oenacli.

puil neitbip, nefmtn na nemnefaitn imti
na mna, ocu^ noca n^uil T>eitbip, cincaij na
ocuf nocan poxtaic muige na cfiicha ana-o na wchim tioib; ace
anar> naile, ocuf apaD naite, ocuf tucini cech^iaman. Ocuf ben
rue ratchet) fop, pp, no fop, mnai ant> j"in ; ocuf tnafa pep, rue
tocoichei) pop mnai, apan cuicci pop ban gpai-o peme, ocuf apat)
183 O 7)echmaiT)e pop ban jpaiti ptaca, ocup \ rpopcaT) ocup rpeipi

^ q%$ T)eichbip ecappo pin ocup m bail oca: "appen piachu -oia

cechpuime to on occmat) lo." Oanaicipe ramie cap cerns
wbanbiT>bait> pe laima banpecheman ant), ocup rpi apati puil ant>,
.1. apat> naile on banpeichemam pop an nibanbit>bait>; ocup apaD
aile on ban peichemam pop ban arape ; ocup apaT) naili on
ban aicipe pop m mbanbiDbaro ; conat> pe laice pin, ocup anaT>
naile COTUT) ochc laici, ocup -oiciin cechpaman, cona t>a laice oec;
e pin appen piachu, mo. cechpuime lo m anca ocup m

SENCHUS MOE. 149

other, for seeusmg the possession-taking by women, for DlSTBES3 -
there is no possession-taking by women but 6 sheep wft,
and a kneading-trough, and a sieve, for every woman
from the other.

Distress of two days, i.e. upon which there is a stay of two days. In
the case of a daughter respecting the property of her mother, i.e. .
respecting the fair noble property of her mother, i.e. sheep and utgntiln, i.e. the &*&&"
piapfiQv. of the spindle, i.e. thr- mnrriagr gi f * "T "*" fr**"" O f her mother. The
evil word of one woman against another, i.e. the bad word which one
woman says of another with respect to a nickname, or an evil word respecting a fault
which she has not, i.e. double the fine shfciteww, i.e. a bad word which she does not
deserve, i.e. the pledge, i.e. a debt which one woman owes another. For securing
the possession-taking by women, i.e. for seeming the female property, ^ .

i.e. illegal, i.e. whatever they take on the land is illegal, except sheep. For there <{ ifafr Of* /T
is no possession-taking by women but of sheep, i.e. for there is nothing
lawful for the women, i.e. it is not lawful for the women to bring any thing for taking
possession of land, except sheep and the produce of their hands. But of sheep,
i.e. the first time, i.e. two sheep on the first occasion. Kneading-trough, i.e. for
all her poitiaa at the end of the thrice four days. A sieve, i.e. on the last occasion.

There is no difference of necessity or non-necessity observed re-
specting the distresses which the women take, nor is there any
difference of debtor or kinsman-swrety, neither do places or terri-
tories deprive them of stay or delay in pound ; but they have a stay
of two days, and a notice of two days, and a delay in pound of four
days. In this case it is a woman that has brought a suit against a
man or against a woman ; and if it be a man that has brought a suit
against a woman, he shall serve a notice of five days upon a woman
of the inferior grade, and a notice of ten days upon a woman of
chieftain grade v besides fasting and the three days of grace.

There is a difference between the above and where it is said : " She
pays debts the fourth day after the eighth day." A female suretycame

to surrender herself on account of a female defendant, into uiohancla
the latter case, and three notices were served

on the occasion, i.e. a notice of two days by the female plaintiff upon
the female defendant; and a notice of two days by the female plain-
tiff upon the female surety ; and a notice of two days by the female
surety upon the female defendant ; making in all six days, to which
add a stay of two days, which will make eight days, and a delay in
pound of four days, which will make twelve days ; so that this is
the period at which the debts are paid, i.e. on the fourth day of the
stay and the delay in pound after the eighth day of notice. Here

150 Senchup

DISTRESS. mcma on occmcro lo m apaiT. 8nm> iintijifw) nocan j?uil ace
apcro naili, ocuf ancro tiaile, ocufoifcitn cedijiuman, cotin> occ la.

//0/6-5C3 tf-ClW CCdijobait aile im lo^ lamdiofiaiT), Nni TUiitchme,

im pobfiiche, im apapram ^ mna t>ia pxxile, im each
<j-naT)btifi bip 1 pei|icpib, im pepxaip, im pnimaipe, im pep
bolg, im peichseifi, im aiceT) p^e uite, im plepc Im, im
cuicit, im tugafimam, im cloinem co|ichaip.e, im abfiup,
mi comopa]i nabaip,pe, im co]icaip,, im aipce tamchopai'D,
1111 101105 cona ecopraij;, im cp,iol, im citanDbotg, im
*,p,inT)e, im chupail, im pnachaic, im i^naiche liga, im
pcaiT>ei|ic pocoipte ben ap, ap/nte, im baip,cne^qc ban,
im oipxme t^'F 10 ) 1rn CITICUJI p,oe, 4m N caip.ee/naipm, ap,
ip im pip, ban ciaco-imap-gaec ^oe. \

1f co ]'e conaimep acligabail aile flop uc
/j Op.iuga'D bui In peipn, ocup -Senca, mac CCilella, mic
M C^MI, Culclam t pongelltaip lllat). 1f la^punT) p,o taca oena

caj\ aiLe, ap, icbach pqi ^ene mana cipcaip qieipi; ap,
m aiftcpenaT) nech a "DliseT) nac ufi'Dliget), nach a jaip,
nach [a] paiT)bjie, cia beich T)o lap, cul, la lau
ame, ocuf cauLbfiecha CCilelLa, mic 171 orach, coniT) cainic
Cotfipfie 'gnachchoifi nan ^o T)amaiii nach nDliget) nat>
beich pop, uin, ache a beich pop, qaeipi ocup cuicci ocp

SENCHUS MOR. 151

indeed there is but a notice of two days, and a stay of two days, and DISTRESS.
a delay in pound of four days, making in all eight days.

Distress of two days for the price of the produce of
the hand, for wages, for weaving,- for the blessing of
one woman on the work of another, for every material
which is on the spindles, for the/a# spinning-stick, for
iheioool spinning-stick, for the wool-bag, for the weavers
reed, for all the implements of weaving, for the flax
scutch ing-stick, for the distaff, for the spool-stick, for
the flyers of the spinning-wheel, for the yarn, for the reel
of the spinner, for the border, for the pattern of her
handiwork, for the wallet with its contents, for the .

basket, for the leather scoop, for the *ods, for the hoops, ^
for the needle, for the ornamented thread, for the
looking-glass which one woman bwsews from another, <*'t
for the black-and-white-cat, for the lap-dog of a queen,
for attending in the field, for supplying a weapon for
it is about the true right of women that the~eM-0/"
battle was .first entered^Mo #W -faufilc-

Thus far weJoav^-meatiened the distresses of two
days, as decided by Brigh Briughaidh, who dwelt at
Feisin, and by Sencha, son of Ailell, son of Culclain ;
to whom the Ulstermen submitted. It was by these
one day was added to the two days, for the truth of *^wyVt>. <
the Feini would have perished, if the three days had
not been allowed ; for no one could distinguish his own
right, or his B^ig^eeW^s right, or his wisdom, or his
property, though he might have it under his protection,
in consequence of the suddenness of one day, and the
sudden judgments of Ailell, son of Matach, until the
coming of Coirpre Gnathchoir who did not consent
that any right should be upon one day, but that it
should be upon three days, and five days, and ten

152

ITIofx.

arccT) a p^ cac fr a 1T1 t)tiiT>ib bfietche.
1p i acfigabail qieip ciaca-jia gba in Gfii 1 tnecti
CCilelta mic TTlacach.

*
! )C-nV<(lt' ^<n^, vrv

CCctigabatt aile, .1. ap, oca anat> naili. 1m tog lamctioTvaiTi, .r.
" im log in eop.aiT> T>O til pi o taim, .1. bocaro ocup bp.eca-6 ocup pige, .1.
7>6 * mat> coc h a futa. 1ni pobp,iche, .1. lee na puba TJOU mnai 151, .1.
V'uba bep.p.ta, .1. tnag pge. 1m CCpafiCain, .1. |^eccmat) lanbiaca no
mna nc, oep.na in bennacha-6, no na mna ma ngaibchep,, 1. nembennachat)
T>O m in ben an, aicDi na mna eite annyniiT)e. 1m each naaDbup,, .1.

rf Mfcii ik C^OLi-
'

O'D. 504.

t^ Jt -Qt

1lTI r r "' rlcn T ie i ' otla no 111 peixcm^ lomi, .1 nin-oich. Impe-plbo!?;.

.1. iinin bolg biy po pei^po tn,aijj; af a ctfvann a ab^uif, .1. m c/p.bolc.

1m p ec h get p, [.t. TDO b'elp. peic j;e^ ap. in pge, no pT)56n,T)0 beiix-pecl 1 "T 1

in pge] 1m aiceT> V'5 e ite, .1- comoban, na pse t)0 safimnib ocuy^ T>O
(Tclai-omib, .1. na placa pge. 1m ptey-c Im, .1. ^00 vleyxclieti in tin.

1m cuicit, .1. cuicet tin, .1. in penxaip, .1. notta. 1m tu5ap.mam, .1.

tuga 5an,tnan, no tmgua gap-man, .1. m 5ap.man cen b/mp., .1. cen paebap..

1m ctoi'oem cofichaip.e, .1. [cp.atiT>a beca a cmn copxaip.] aya pigcnep.

in cop,p.chaip>. 1m abp.uy, .1. a-obup. uaiy^ acc.a pigt, .1. na ceipcti geta,
O'D. 504.> .1. -piac pnn. 1m comopaip, nabaip.^e [.1. mi ap, a comoibp-igenn
. 7^5" in abaip,^ch] a h-ab'pay, .1. qfiann coc]>ap.cai no cocn,aiy. M abatpf e,

.1. gntm ap gnim. 1m cop,taip., .1. uip,p,i pem. 1m atyce tamrhop,aiT>,

'' u r alce ^ '" c 1 laT) ""O S" 1 taim m nuac teT)b ma pa'onaiyi, .1. puac

in sp,efa mnci. 1m 107)05 cona ecop-caig, .1. in ciag cup am ecap,-
j^chup, mnci, in ctcbpup, .1. atceog, .1. m toman biy imbe, .1. im a beotu.

1m cpiot, .1. im cp,oiatt, cpo puaigchep, o'l'attaib, no cpo a^-pjoiattaib.

1m cp.an'obotg, .1. techaip, .1. botg ay ombiT) cp,annbelhn anttuT>, .1.

bif pon paic poitcci. 1m p-inroe, .1. m poca. 1m chupait, .1. 5aip,ic,

.1. cp-uinT) p,i5inT). .1. cp.anT>of;a beca no bic aca anattoc im an abpap.
3c1m fnathaic, .1. pec me piaic ma qxo. 1m pnaiche tiga, .1. pnac

DOCO. 1m j>caiT>eip,c, .1. |x;ac T>ep,c namban, .1. pcacan. Pocoi-pte

ben ap, apaite, .1. bep-ip m ben o ceiti. 1m baipcne cac ban, .1.

im baipcnia, ma cp.en, cucai) a baipc Opepait Opic tm-bic caic bpxsnpnna

ouba. 1m oip,cne p-tgna, .1. inT)iaiT) opxan na p-'gno bip .1. mepan.

. ,,,
;.

1 The price of weaving. In C. 794 a, the following explanation of this word is
t given : Im fofbridhe, i.e. the price of weaving after its being taken from the beam,

i.e. the tenth part of the price of the garment is the price of weaving it.

SENCHUS MOR. 153

days ; for every one could attain to his right by the DISTRESS.
proper periods of the judgment. The first distress of
three days ever taken in Erin was for failure in fur-
nishing men to the hosting of Ailell, son of Matach.

Distress of two days, i.e. on which there is a stay of two days. For the
price of the produce of the hand, i.e. the price of the produce which she makes
with the hand, i.e. JwwJBgrnrhrmg, and weaving, i.e. the tenth part of each work. s)*tfi*r^<f *"

For weaving, i.e. half the 'fubha' to the female weaver, i.e. the 'fubha' of nap-
ping, i.e. the price of weaving. 1 For the blessing, i.e. the seventh of the full
allowance of food of the woman who omitted to perform the blessing, or of the
woman for whom the distress is taken, i.e. in this case the one woman omits the
blessing of the work of the other woman. For every material, i.e. unbleached
flax-thread. Which is on the spindles, i.e. the gray woollen thread. For
the flax spinning-stick, i.e. for flax. For the wool spinning-stick,
i.e. for wool, or the bare spinning-stick, i.e. of the woof. For the wool-bag,
i.e. the bag which she has at her ' pes,' i.e. foot, out of which she combs the material,
i.e- the combing-bag. For the weaver's reed ('feth-geir,'J i.e. which brings a
sharp sinew (' feith-ger ') on the weaving, or a sharp slip of wood (' fidh-ger,')
which brings a sinew on the weaving. For all the implements of weaving,
i.e. all the implements of the weaving, both beams and swords, i.e. the weaving rods.
For the flax scutching-stick, i.e. by which the flax is scutched. For the
distaff, i.e. the distaff for flax, i.e. the spinning-stick, i.e. of the wool. For the
spool-stick ('lugarman,') i.e. the smaller stick, or 'lingua garman,' i.e. the
stick without a point, i.e. without edge. For the flyers, i.e. little rods at the head
of the border out of which the border is woven. For the yarn, i.e. thr fininhcd
material all except the weaving, i.e. the white thread-balls, i.e. the white thread.
For the-rrci-of the spinner, i.e. the thing upon which the spinner works
her material, i.e. the winding tree. Of the spinner, i.e. work upon work.
For the border, i.e. on itself, i.e. one work added to another. For the
pattern of her handiwork, i.e. she can the more easily perform her handi-
work by having the leather pattern before her, i.e. the picture of the needle-
work upon it. For the wallet with its contents, i.e. the bag with the nil ">
things which are arranged in it, i.e. the raterial, i.e. the ' aileog,' i.e. the string uffu- "
that is about it, i.e. about its mouth. For the basket, i.e. 'crioll,' i.e. 'cro-iall,'

i.e. a 'cro,' which is sewed with thongs ('allaib') or a 'cro' of slips ('ocdiallftib.') /wryy/) tyf t4 //" ?
For the leather scoop, i.e. of leather, i.e. a bag out of which there used to be
formerly a stick, i.e. which is under the cleansing vessel. For the tails, i.e. the
long. For the h*p, i.e. the short, i.e. tough rods, i.e. little rods, which they
used to have formerly about the material. For the needle, i.e. the passage of
the thread in its eye. For the ornamented thread, i.e. the coloured thread.
For the looking-glass ('scaideirc,') i.e. the image reflector ('scat-derc') of the
women, i.e. the mirror. Which one woman borrows from another, i.e.
which one woman takes from another. For the lilnnk nnd white cat, i.e. the
'bairc-nia,' i.e. the great champion which was taken from the ship of Breasal
Breac, in which were white-breasted black cats. For the lap-dog ('oircne') of
a queen, i.e. after the foot ('orcan') of the queen he follows, i.e. the lap-dog.

154 enctiur TTIofi.

^l ^W -I- i^iro /We- oisv-feir /Uai*l aw QsCtrMTtc, <"

f*^ DISTRESS. 1m cmcun. IIP, .1. TOO pep, lef ach gmbef . 1m cai|vec nain.m, .1. ben

- in pip, 501 bif ijife, .1. ap.m comp.aic bif oca 750 gpef, ' uaitefe TO a
peichem, .1. Tjoti coibr>elac eile. CCp, if im pifi ban ciaco imap.j;aec
n.oe, .1. ap, if im na mnait> tap. vm TVO hemtpuachnaije-D in comcfyc ap cuf '
.ra pe [.i.] i pepann, .1. im CCmi, ocuf im 1am, .1. T>a ingin pap,calom.

Ocuf i>a mac patvtaloin if icrc DO f.itie in comfiac, .1.
octif pefignia, ocu^ if mme jvo conifxaicfec, .1. in -oaina
Dib, .1. pefvgna cue a fiap, 1 llanamnuf, .1. 1am, ocuf cue in
byxcrchairi eile, .1. pefi, in cfiuri eite, .1. CCin ; octif yvo bi a cec
wcoibci, ocf f,o ba leipm T>O p,eiyi T>l^m m coibci, uaiyi mj\ mmp,
a achaifx ; ocuf a oeifv 1 Ractiotl m-byvech [g^. " Lech cec coibci
cacha mna oa. 0151 pne, mcro lap, necmb a hachati ;" ocuf i\o bai
pe|X5nia ac iap,fia a cocach Tjon coibci ; ocuf eifinT>fiaic he, ocuf
m T>li5 m ; no if coibce na fechan, cucat> aigit) 1 naigi* na coiba
/*"fo, uc tiixic:

" "Oa mac paficolam, cen ace,
" 1f ictc 7)0 fjgni m comufvC ;
" pep, if pepgnia, co meic nal,
" CCnman'oa m -oa

10 Ocuf oeifmifiecc ap, in cecna :

,' T^b

' pep, ocuf pepgnm na pp.,

' 1fet> innipc na fin,

1 (Xin ocuf 1am t>o cepcaf floig

^a ppim msm papcaLoin." /

O'D. 69. 2^-lf impupn fp,echc(fec in p,e ciaca imaipgec ; ocuf a T>eip, 1 mbaile
[eite] CCme ocuf CCtffe anmant>a na T>a mgm.

If co fe conaimef achgabail aite, .1. if co nuice fo fio cainaim-
fijeT> no iu> cocainifig anari aile i^p. m achgabait tiuciifcarx bi
ban bp-iugai-o, machain, Sencha, ocuf bp.15 bfvetac, a ben. Rof uc

,

. ^Hjy ** 3cbTtiti5aiT>, .1. ban ugDaTtpeTX eiiainT), .1. lanbv>.etcliec. bui hi eif in,

.1. -DO bui 1 tTlug T)efcen i n-Ulcaib, .1. "aintn in'-oume, .1. liiTnenoic.
Ocuf Sencha mac (Xitella, .1. open, .1. mac in pp. p,o foet> nech o

i jJj wi. -nl</v * ^ '^ * 1 c 11 " 1 ^ 11 clam, no ailt fame aice, .1. ail no cloeT) cac aen c|ie na
^ eoluf. pongellcaif UtaT>, .1. ceigoif Ulair> ma piigill. CCna*

tvo t ci* (JU<wv "** " ^^ -''"n-aine ocuf anac c|teifi pop, m flicc fo uile. If lap, fum> |vo laca
_jy O'D. 505. oena cap, aile [.1. aeme na ^ap,ca|i aile tia mban, 50 cpip na peati],

1 Marriage gift. Coibci. This was a present given by the husband to the wife
at their marriage.

SENCHUS MOR. 155

For attending in the field, i.e. from her guardian he takes it. For sup- DISTRESS.

plying a weapon, i.e. the wife of the man takes it from her, i.e. the weapon of

combat which they always have, i.e. from her to her protector, i.e. to the other rela-
tive. For it is about the true right of women that the field was first
entered, i.e. for in truth it was about the women the combat was first waged in the
field, i.e. in the land, i.e. respecting Ain and Iain, i.e. two daughters of Parthalon.
And it was the two sons of Parthalon that fought the battle,
i.e. Fer and Fergnia, and the reason for which they fought was this :
the one brother, i.e. Fergnia, married his sister, i.e. Ian, and the
other brother, Fer, married the other sister, i.e. Ain; and the marriage
gift 1 which she received was her first marriage gift, and AaT/'the mar-
riage gift belonged to him, according to law, because her father was
not alive; for it is said in the Racholl Bretha " half the first marriage
gift of every woman belongs to the head of her tribe, if she receives it
after the death of her father ;" and Fergnia was seeking his share of
the marriage gift ; but he was a disqualified person, and was entitled
to nothing ; or it was the marriage gift of the other sister that was
brought face to face against this marriage gift, as the poet has said :
" The two sons of Parthalon, without doubt,
" Were they who made the battle ;
" Fer and Fergnia, of great valour,
" Were the names of the two brothers."
And this is an instance to the same effect :
" Fer and Fergnia were the men,
" As the ancients do relate,

" Ain and Iain, who caused the hosts to be destroyed,
" Were the two chief daughters of Parthalon."
It was about these that the first battle-field ever fought was as-
sembled ; but it is stated in another place that Aine and Aiffe were
the names of the two daughters.

Thus far we have mentioned the distresses of two days, i.e. hitherto
has been ordained or established a stay of two days upon the distress which was ad-
judged by Brigh, the female Brewy, the mother of Sencha, and Brigh Brethach, his
wife. As decided by Brigh Briugaidh, i.e. the female author of the men
of Erin, i.e. full judging. \Vhp dwelt at Feisin, i.e. who lived at Magh-Des-
ten in Uladh, i.e. the name of *r fort, i.e. of hi_tesi4nce. And by Sencha,
son of Ailell, i.e. her husband, i.e. the son of the man who turned men from
blemished or false covenants, or who had a peculiar merit, i.e. a merit which changed
every one through his knowledge. To whom the Ulstermen "T^Tnittfrd, i.e.
the Ulstermen submitted to his adjudication. There is a stay of one day and a
stay of three days upon all this kind. It was by these one day was added to
the two days, i.e. the one day for the men beyond the two days for the women, so
that it is three days for the men, i.e. it is after this particular time the one became ob-

156 Senchup ITIoji.

ancronaitt.

cap,m -oo ca pttpn aile. CCn, tcbach fifi ^ene mana
eipi, .1. uain, -oo etpte-6 a pjunne ona Pemib niuna cipro ana-6 cn.eip
pon-nafecaib ctxetp, .1. T>on each if T>ait cpeip. CCn. m aiixcfenau
.rtiech a nli^e-b, .1. ni aicneb'a-o, no ni uaifsenyet) nech a tiltjeTi vein, .1.
m T^off a T)ligeT> pcroeiti, .1. tio naTsman-Daib, .1. T>O net fiachaib. N ach
*4-IL p.l<i ^fi-ol^ei), .1. cin inbleogain, .1. nach mil, .1. -DO fiathaib. Mac agaip

.1. ciamat> amnup co ngaiy he, no ucro ^m, .1. a pqfiucan ^ODipn, .1. T>O
brxeici. M ach fatT>bn.e, .1. cia beic T>O pja'oburv aici, .1. o neoch aile, .1.
,^00 pechemum. Cia beich T>O tap, cut, .1. lap cut TilijiT) in poat>buri.
ifo. La TT.ui-p.ciu me, .1. ta i\o-lua^ yieca na home. Ocu^ caut-
bpecha, .1. na bjiefea cutta Tiucuyca|i CCilett, mac Tllfrcach, .1. na
bn,eca can pmuan, .1. -01 maigin. Comi) camic Cotixpixe ^nach-
choinJ.i. co cainic Cotpp^e ^natcoitx n. snacaige-o COITV, no 710 canxro
/fgnatachu. Na-o n,o -Damain, nach nt>tij;eT>, .1. noca <fio aicicnigeycan,
pn nach otije'D no bee jn, ain, com bete po|i tyveip, .1. nabut) mbefce ion,
CCchc a betch pon, crieiyi, .1. anat) tfiei-p an.na pecaib
cmcci, .1. an, na pecaib cuicti. Ocu^ t>echmaiT), .1.
mai-De. CCTaaci^aT) a pin, each a mbuiTjib brieiche,
v.i. co cipro in canat) bu 7>in, -ooib an, each ni T)ib pn a htifoib in bfveche ;
noip-n.e puicain bu -oitvoon bn,echemam in bn.ec t>o b|ieic. 1^ 1 ach-
gabait ciaeiyi, .t. iy- 1 achsabait aji a ca anaT> crxei-p n,o sabu'pcan,
CCititt in cn,eife cuice, ocuy n,o taiche in aite t>o no mnaib anaenun,.
Ciaca nagba m et\i i mech |-toi5it>, .1. cecachsabaitnogabufcarv
ap. cu^ 1 n-ein,mn ctchgabatt fio gabufcan, CCilitt mac Hlaca, i mec a
f loigiti, .1. ac n,oec, no an, na tvo poec 0151

[j O'/l- 5Tb ; 1o Cfctigabail qieip r^&'Q, cifp, conjbait, "Denum f lige, X zv>-

,. "Denum fiaicce, 'Denam oenaij; puba ocf fiuba; an each

eiffiectica; im ciriai'D tio mic, "Do mgme, T)o huai, T)o

sotnna pochfiaice, "Do pp, cai^l, 7)0 muifichuijia, "Do

Dfiuich, "Do oblaijie ; i cinait) T>o laime, Tio fula, T)o

chenjctD, T>o bett, ^o plaichemnufa; i ctnllem T)o pebe,

ace mech pleT>e, no mechle giaLlna: ac aena, cia beich

SENCHUS MOR. 157

solete, i.e. it is after the stay of two days. Beyond two, i.e. beyond the two days DISTRESS.
that are in the second. For the truth of the Feini would have perished if
the three days had not been allowed, i.e. for their truth would have departed
from the Feini if a stay of three days were not allowed for the 'seds' of three days,
i.e. for all adjudged to have three days. For no one could distinguish his
own right, i.e. no one could know or distinguish his own right, i.e. he could not
attain to his own right, i.e. by contracts, i.e. by the securities. Or his neigh-
Uttiw's right, i.e. the liability of a kinsman, i.e. of another person, i.e. by securities.
Or his wisdom, i.e. though he should be sharp with wisdom, or of himself, i.e. from
his own observation, i.e. by judgment. Or his property, i.e. though he should
have the property of his rank, i.e. from another, i.e. to the defendant. Though
he might have it under protection, i.e. this property under protection of the
law. In consequence of the suddenness of one day, i.e. on account of the
too great rapidity of the passing of the one day. And the sudden judgments,
i.e. the sudden judgments which Ailell, son of Matach, passed, i.e. the judgments
without consideration, i.e. of-.place. Until the coming of Coirpre Gnath-
choir, i.e. until the coming of Coirpre Gnathchoir, who was accustomed to observe
jus.ice, or who loved juit customs. Who did not consent that any right,
i.e. who did not acknowledge that any right should be upon one day, but-pon
three days, i.e. that-it-could not be by nature upon one day. But upon three
davs, i.e. a stay of three days upon the 'seds' of three days. And five
days, i.e. upon the 'seds' of five days. And ten days, i.e. upon the ' seds' of
ten days. For every one could attain to his right by the proper
periods of the judgment, i.e. that the stay which is due to them for every
one of these should be allowed by the periods of the judgment ; or it is the proper
period that should be allowed to the Brehon for giving his judgment. The dis-
tress of three days, i.e. it was in a distress upon which there is a stay of three
days ' that Ailell established the three days for men, and the iiuiini'iif tn the two
iif days'" \uu-uiade for the women only. First ever taken in Erin for failure
in furnishing men to the hosting, i.e. the first distress of three days ever
taken in Erin was the distress which Ailell, son of Matach, took for the failure
of his hosting, i.e. Tie took it, or because they did not supply him in three days.

Distress of three days for hosting, rent, an assembly,
making a high road, making a by-road, making a
fair-green; for service of attack and service of de-
fence ; for the trespass of every pet ; for the crime
of thy son, thy daughter, thy grandson, thy hired
woman, thy messenger, the foreigner that is with
thee, thy fool, thy jester; for the crime of thy hand,
thine eye, thy tongue, thy mouth, thy chieftaincy ; for fftWdt.Jl p. 7$
jf the foe of thyhe rt, except the failure in supply in gJ/aA;
the feast, or the band of reapers to-fehe -ehief : these
are of one day, though set down among the three days.

158 Sencfitif 1716)1.

DISTRESS, j CCchjabail cn.eifi floij;6t>, .1. cac rrnacc meta ^lotgi* tnli an,
cn,eifi, .1. ape ploigei) TJO no rn,i f U>i;;eT>aib, '.i. cimQf Siwo cuaice TM> T>ul
if in carl) ; ocuf cac foeic pn,i cn,eich, .1. cac aen an. a mbiaj) feme an, a
fcach, TJO neorh buy irncomlainT), T>O T>ul, a|i in qxeicti ; ocup each oyvba T>O
,-r T)enatT) chana ocuy- chaii\t)e, .1. ?efi each i?e|iainT>
m 1115, ac T>enatn cana no cai-p/oe.

.1. lechgabail -Diabulta m cifa an, tn,eifi. Cm beTj cif TJO na
0'A 2317 C T 1 ' cifaib, cif nincif o anpine, ocuf cif ninyuiiamj; o pme, ocuf ctf

nain.Tjbi'oe cuma bif 6 pine ocup 6 anpme.

/o 1ti can aifwrep, iti fenoiyi, ocuf gabup, biadicro cia beich
DO ficrcati -DO atp,e, CIT> -pne cit) anpne, mnna nncufca-fi
biachcro fin, iy anoro name a|i m achgabail jjatbef ime. ITluna-
f-agba biactia-6 imufiyio, ocf |io ingeUa-o -DO, if anar> cfieifi Tpoia
m achgabait 501 bef tume; no if bfiarhaifi 501 bef T)ia fiaile; cia
'^ fio gabat) biachat) tm combiachat) m rf emo^ach, no im
a lotg DO.

Congbail, .1. cn,i conjbala T>O cuifin la peme: congbail ^.15 oc -oenam
O'fi-70 coma no caiTiT>e, congbail cfenarj na h-&claifi oc cuingit) cuan.T>a, cong-
bail cuatci vt" puba ocuf lauba ; no congbail cuachgabala, .1. in gabail
^c brf icin, -01 cu[a]ic oc -oenam cana ocuf caiyvoi ; lecgabail ijiabalca caca
biaca congbaila nib fin an, i

1f ana* name iafi pjc fOfif m arhgabait gaibef m b|\achaiyi
ma fiaile im biarhaD 7115, no fenans, no cuaici, fie na mbiachat),
ocuf iafi nufipoc|va, TDaD lap, tnbiarhaT) imufifvo, if anat> qxeip
achjabail gaibef in bfiachain, -oia fxaile, CIT> im biachaf),
105.

T)entim f Itge, .1. i n-ainif in, cua. 1n frnacc puilanT) an.cn.eifi, .1. T>an,

/ ,i caille. "Denum fvaicce, .1. fmacc nemglanca na TIOC; m fmacc pill

anti an, c|ieife, .1. TJO cloro inie. "Denam oenaig, .t. af[m]ann amjif,

1 Rack-rent 'Cis nincis.' In O'D. 2,398, this is written cif nmfcif, i.e,
wearisome rent In C. 807, it is explained b<5 birhblicc, 1mac cac mif co cem>
mbliafJna, i.e. a cow constantly giving milk every month to the end of a year.

SENCHUS MOB. 159

Distress of three days for hosting, i.e. every fine for failure of hosting DISTRESS.
has a stay of three days, i.e. in each hosting of the three hostings, i.e. the hood -
of every_jami]y "* **"* lay grades is to go into the battle ; and every shield to
plunder, i.e. every one who has a shield to shelter him, and who is fit for battle, is
to go upon the plundering excursion ; and every holding is to furnish men to make
laws or interterritorial regulations, i.e. a man out of every holding of chieftain . >
grade is to go along with the king, to make laws or interterritorial regulations. ~

K e n t, i.e. the second portion of the double seizure for the rent has a stay of
three days. That is in each rent of the three rents, viz. rackrent 1 from a person of
a strange tribe, a fair rent from one of the tribe, and the stipulated rent which is
paid equally by the tribe and the strange tribe.

When an old man is to be maintained, and that he (the person who
supports him), has either received the food or heen given the price
of it, whether he be of the family or of a strange family, unless such
food he offered him, there is a stay of one day on the distress which
is taken for it. If he has not, however, received the food, and it has
been promised him, there is a stay of three days upon the distress,
which is taken respecting it ; or it is one brother that takes it (the
distress), from another ; whether the food has been received or not for
maintaining the old man, or a promise given to make good its price
to him.

An assembly, i.e. there are three assemblies among the Feini: the assembly by
a king to make laws or interterritorial regulations, the assembly of a synod of the ,- ./ i '

Church to request a wsitotimi, the assembly of the laity for services of attack or c < f t/^ t
defence ; or the assembly of ' Tuathghabhail,' i.e. the food-tribute collected from the
'tuath' which is between two territories at the making of laws and interterritorial
regulations; the second portion of the double seizure for every food-tribute of
each assembly of these has a stay of three days.

It is a stay of one day that is throughout upon the distress which
one brother takes from the other respecting the food-tribute of the
king, or of the synod, or of the laity, before their food-tribute has been
supplied, and after warning. But if it is after the food-tribute has been
supplied, there is a stay of three days upon the distress which one
brother takes from the other, whether respecting the food-tribute
or its price.

Making a high road, i.e. in the time of * The fine for not making it hat a
ttay o/three days, i.e. across the wood. Making a by-road, i.e. the 'smaeht'-
fine for not cleansing the road; this fine has a stay of three days, i.e. two -fences-**
it. Making a fair-green, i.e. they are both the same, i.e its fences and its

160 Senctiur ffloji.

DISTRESS. .1. a claroe ocuf a i?epca, fie ec oc, .1. fmacc. puba, .1. na cpi puba, .1.

po-oiuba im lonijfechaib, ocuf im echccroaic, ocuf im macu dpi, .1. puba

ppi loitigf echaib caca laici, ocuf puba ppi hecbcap cuaca cac laici, ^puba

j?pi macu cipe a cirro cac fecemume. Leegabail t>mbulca in piba ap

f cpeifi. Ocuf puba, .1. na cpi puba, .1. poime pinti ocuf belac ocuf

cpicha DO vroari vptu, .1. poime vpi pim> na neccpam> ocuf beloca, .1.

. tia bela uacha ocuf ci"cpic na n-eccpann. Cm each eif pecbca, .1.

^f__**ri.r . 3 *^ f . .

na pecana, .1. fee aine po loicefcap, ocuf m puil T>il in cinaro am>
n, ocuf inbleof;aiii nom beip co

to Cac uaip, if ariicnt a an uaTiem t)o cm a p.uip, fee ciaeifi fio
null; no CIT> fee ame, noca nuil till in cinait) ant> noT)ein.

Cac uaip, if amait cm inbleogaiti 750 cin a ^mp, fee aine p.o mill,
octif inbleogaiTi nof beifi co efieifi. Ocuf if ant> if amail a citi
botiein T>o an a ftutp m can if flop TJO melaft, he, ocuf a ca Dil m
TCinan) anti uonem ; ocuf a chufo mT) fo cecoip,. If ann if amuil
cm inbleojain T>O cm m -jxtup, m ran if flop na coimlichefi he, no
cm f.op "DO melafo e, nocan ftnl/ Till in cmait> ant> uoT>ein.

1m cmaiT> -DO mic, r>o mgine, T>O huat, .1. fee aine po bponnfac;
ocuf fie T>oib uili, .1. nefam coifcroe DO pip conai^ (.1. tpefgaipe) ocuf
c mp nefum cinaT> 750 pip cuf a cuimiegap, .1. m c-imbleo5ain af nefa fin
uili, ocuf fee atne po loicefcap ann, ocuf in cmbleogam nom beip co
cpifi, .1. fee ame r>o n\. j CCnar> cpeip Tjuicfi ime, ocuf T>icim name; fee
i TIUIC -p 61 "' anai) cpeifi ocuf T>icim cuicci aca popf m Cflicc fo
"Do mna |?ochpaice, .1. m ppim ben, no ben bif ^op )?oichill
.1. feoic cpeifi m fo uili anaT> cpeifi imbu ocuf -Dicim nume m
cmbleogam if nefa uili fin ocuf feoic ame pif a poglaicep. T)o pip
caifcill, .1- m gilla eupufa bif pop poichill acuc, .1. cep aQieccaip poaf (- i
aen OTDCTD lac, if pope a cm co cpeifi, muna gabajqro nech buf uppar> v\J'

1 Service of attack. This is thus explained in O'D. 71: "Service of attack, i.e.
the second portion of the double seizure for the service of attack has a stay of three
days. 'Fubha,'/q-d- 'fo-diubhadh,'ji.e. cutting off. There are three services of
attack recognisea by the Feini, i.e. service of attack against pirates every third
day, service of attack against external tribes every day, service of attack against
wolves at the end of every week; and every seventh day in the whole year is given
by every base tenant, or base tenant of ecclesiastical lands, according to ' Urradhus'-
law, and every seventh day given by him, according to the ' Cain '-law, in the sum-
mer and in the winter, and every third day in the spring and in the autumn.
What is this service, or what service is rendered by the bishop to the. chiof-of
th friha? Where every seventh day is given by the base tenant of ecclesiastical
lands in the 'Urradhus'-law, it ia in the service of attack against wolves, for

SENCHUS MOR. 161

mounds; it is the same, i.e. as to the fine. Service of attack,! i.e. the three DISTRESS.

services' of attack, i.e. cutting off pirates, and aggressors, and wolves, i.e. attacks

upon pirates every day, and attacks upon strange tribes every day, ami attacks
upon wolves at the end of every week. The second portion of the double
seizure for neglecting the attack hat a stay of three days. And service of
defence, i.e. the three services of defence, i.e. to secure before him the promontories,
lonely passes, and boundaries against them, i.e. ta g bafnrt him to prnmnnteries that
bound the territories of strangers,and to the lonely passes, Le. the lonely passes that lead
to any territory whatsoever of the strangers. The trespass of every pet animal,
i.e. the pet, i.e. it has injured a 'sed' of one day's stay, and is not itself of sufficient
value to pay for the trespass, and the kinsman being sued extends it to three days. -

Whenever a man's own trespass is like the trespass of his beast,
it is a ' sed ' of three days' stay that has been injured ; or should it
be a 'sed' of one day's stay, its own value is not sufficient to pay
for its trespass.

Whenever the trespass of a person's beast is like the trespass of his
kinsman, it is a ' sed ' of one day's stay that has been injured, and the
kinsman being sued extends it to three days. And the case wherein
the trespass of a person's beast is like his own trespass is when it ia
a beast that is used as food, aud its own value is sufficient to pay
for its trespass ; and it shall be forfeited at once. The time that the A/Ww W jf V
trespass of the beast is like the trespass of a kinsman, is when it is
a beast the flesh of which is not eaten, or though it be eaten its own
value is not sufficient to pay for its trespass.

For the crime of thy son, thy daughter, thy grandson, i.e. itisa 'sed'
on which the stay is one day, that they have injured ; and they are all alike, i.e. it is
a necessary of life to a man who asks it (i.e. it in repnrtuinn), and it is not an article fifth.
necessary to pay fines to the man of whom it is asked, i.e. these are all the nearest
kinsmen, and it was a 'sed' on which the stay is one day, they injured . n the
occasion, and the kinsman being sued extends it to three days, i.e. thy son's 'sed
of one day's stay, "fhere is a stay of three days to thee for it, and a delay in pound
of one day; a 'sed' of three days' stay for thyself, and there is a delay in pound of
five days upon all this portion following. Thy hired woman, i.e. thy chief
woman, or a woman who is on hire with thee, i.e. these are all 'seds' of three days,
there is a stay of three days on them, and a delay in pound of one day, these are
all the nearest kinsmen, and it is a 'sed' of one day's stay hi respect of which the
trespass is committed. Thy messenger, 2 i.e. the messenger whom thou hast on

it is on every seventh day he is bound to perform it, and it is the same as every
seventh day in the 'Cain '-law, for the sen-ice of attack is not less required by the
'Cain '-law than by the 'Urradhus'-law. And where every third day is required of
him in the spring and in the autumn, it is a service of attack against pirates, for it
is even- third "day he is bound to perform it, and this is the service which is due
of the bishop to the-chiof of tho tribe."

8 Mettenger. This word might also mean a labourer travelling about looking for
work.

If

Senchtif

<f 1 /i-21- a<f 7&

' DISTRESS. ic, no co Tioloinge laif nach aile.^ To fnun,cliuiti*i, .1. cainif, .1.
"

, ..

-cain.. "Do Tjianch, .1. co perch. T)o oblate, .1. vuipfeoin.. Icitiai-o
DO taime, .1. fee cn,eip no mapbufcan, .1. Tjipe feotc ame ocuf aicstn
feoic cpeip, feoic cpeip in fo uili. t)o f ulct, .1. feoic rpeip aca poibi

ffellcecc; if meclann ole^arv ipn feUmecc ap cpip. t)o chengaT),
.1. aep, no mnme-o, no bricrt, no gupor^eU, no juparinoip. To beil, .1.
fee cn,eip fio blaifif oc Del; no fmachc na subneict. t)o plaicliem-
nuf a, .1. poivnbrufitTO -oo -DO ceib, .1. in eneclann -oligif ic con, af -oo
ptaicetnnuf, .1. m eneclann T>li 5 ,f o ceilib 1 pogail fvif , .1. ponsmllna inn

*fo; no tii T>li 5 if rim* -Dia aiallmuf ; no^o bomg im -oligif T>ia aicillmuf
)'D. 72. [an, rn,e]. 1 cuillem T>O peibe, .1. iti fmacc/ecaim floi 5 a, .1. m
i cuillef a peib cochufa T>O, m eneclann ocuf nAumal fmacca cana,
ocuf cyuan einei a cmyip, ocuf a feoic, .1. cyimn a ecala. CCcc tnech
pleT>e, .1. aichsin biT) placa cergiallna, nocha ne a oeinim, vm-fi if ap,

f ame -olegun, a ciacncam, .1. mam conn cn,eifi, if acgabdil ame gabup ime.
tlo mechle, .1. -DO neoch if vtaic cecgiallna, .1. aichgin 5 mma: lecsa-
bail wabulca in gnima ap cfieif 1. ffc aenaciabeicn icifi cnetf ib,
T anal6 Tlanle a Ti an[a^arh5abalgib_'Doneoch if coifce'ouni v T)ib ann!

_
cm beic a fmachc no a n-eneclann an. cnetri.

,*> 7UCMt<fUtuf- Oft 73

*** ^ '

Jo Orh 5 abail qiep 1 n-epi -DO pe-oa, im -oitibai -01
, JJ-r* 1!*fc. 1Tr ^chinmT) -DO chlai-o, im chinaiT) -DO flejaT), hi

hOjfeUh-c aup-jairie, hi puba -DO Efiega, hi poxal

oo einiechra, hi a^aT) ic arc, i mbleich ic muiLunT), t

Lff-tf n-aicqieb -DO chip, ma polomfia-D, ma pollfcut), ina

^rortucu-o, hi poxal -DO moga, T>O chumaite, 1 n-apat) -DO

meicc, 1 n-apat) ^o ingine, hi fteich DO tnna, itia po|ic^.

Cach sp,er, each enech|iice, if pop, cincaib qieip aca.

CCdigabail cpep i n-epi T>O fe-oa, .1. aichgin in pe-oa comaicefa,
no fniacc ocuf T>ipe in p-o nemit) ; no -oipe na pro comaicefa ap cpeif i.

i Thy fool In O'D. p. 72, the reading is different. "If he Is a fool who is with
"the king only, there is then no portion of the body-fine due to the tribe. It is for
"the crimes of him who is fool to the king alone, that he (rte king-), had undertaken
"to be responsible on this occasion. When a fool, who is between the king and the
"people, is accompanying the king, he (the king), does not undertake to be responsible
"for his crimes."

SENCHUS MOB. 163

hire, i.e. a man not of thy tribe, who lies down one night with thee in Ay houte, the DISTRESS.
responsibility of his crime is upon thee for three days, unless a native receives him
from thee, so_that- h- eals-alangjwth-aiwtji*!-. The foreigner that is with 'i Q.>fitHiJ Jl/tJ
thee, i.e. the iggideiil fuuujiier, i.e. the bond. Thy fool, 1 i.e. who can do work.
Thy jester, i.e thy 'obroiie.' The crime of thy hand, i.e. it killed a 'sed' of
three days' stay, i.e. the 'dire'-fine for a 'sed' of one day's stay, and the restitu-
tion of a 'sed' of three days' stay due in all cases of this kind. Thine eye, i.e.
thou hast been looking on at 'seds' of three days' stay being injured; honor-price is
dne for such looking on in three days. Thy tongue, i.e. satire, or slander, or be-
trayal, or false evidence, or false witness. Thy mouth, i.e. a 'sed' of three days'
stay thou hast tasted in thy mouth; or the fine for false sentence is here alluded
to. Thy chieftaincy, i.e. far -injury- d&ac by thy tenant, i.e. the honor-price ill iVm
_i,: n k :* ^,,a i n tlino fni* rmttirnr fhpp ntit nf thr rhieftainshin. i.e. the honor-ririce to \V *<"*

which is due to thee for putting thee out of thy chieftainship, i.e. the honor-price to
which thoa art entitled from vassals for having done injury to l^ee, i.e. this relates
to chiefs of second claim ; or to the thing which a chief is entitled to frnm his tenants ;
or he Ufcs what he is entitled to from his tenants in three days. For the fee of
thine art, i.e. the fine, ' etaim sloigj^ ' i.e. the thing which his dignity derived from
I roperty gives to him, i.e. the honor-price and the ' cumhal ' of penalty for violating
the law, and the third of his body-fine, and of the. fine far injuring his 'sed,' i.e. the
third of his property. Except the failure in supplying the feast, i.e. the
restitution of the food of the chief of first claim, it is not of him I speak, for it is in
one day it ought to be forthcoming, i.e. unless it is forthcoming in three days, it is
distress with a stay of one day that is taken for it. Or the band of reapers, i.e. to
one who is a chief of first claim, i.e. there is restitution of the work : the second por-
tion of the double restitution for the work has a stay of three days. These are of
one day, though set down among the three days, i.e. it is a stay of one
V day that is upon the restitution of such of them as are articles oj necessity, though ><Ot /
the fine for them or their honor-price has a stay of three days.

Distress of three days for cutting thy wood, for
breaking thy land, for injury caused by thy fence, for
injury caused by thy stakes, for thy-plouglted-fenc^fer
thy.. jyftir, for infringing thy privilege, for scaring thy
horses, for carrying off thy pet animals, for drying in
thy kiln, for grinding in thy mill, for taking posses-
sion of thy house, for stripping it, for burning it, for
opening it ; for carrying off thy bondman, thy bond-
maid ; for the notice respecting thy son, for the notice
respecting thy daughter; for attempting to violate thy
wife, for forcing her. All attacks, all insults, are
reckoned among the offences of three days' stay.

Distress of three days for cutting thy wood, i.e. restitution of the
common wood, or ' smacht'-fine and ' dire'-fine, for the sacred wood ; or ' dire'-fine
for the common wood in three days.

M2

164 enchur TTlop,.

DISTRESS. CCirgm cacha fmafooQ, am, a t>ifvi fofi ef.eifi ; aiugm a gabat
" T^P- sp-eif 1 ! a ^'T 1 - 1 F-QT 1 cuicti ; aiehgm a qxaeb ocuf a pnotnca
f.ofi cuicci, ocuf a -01711 fop. -oecmavo, .1. cm mota fro neitnit> no
-OBI-OUT).

,5~1m -ombai *D1 chifie, .1. im ftnacc t>o mona, -i. cuic feoic i n-mot> t>a
ctionlli -oec, .1. fmacc pocbaig. 1m ctiinctiT) -DO chtai-o, .1. fee cone fio
tnille-pcajx ann -DO ctcro^ocuy itibteogam nof beiiT.coc|T.eip. 1m chin CM
" oo T'' e 5 a ' D ' ' T ln c" 1 /- 00 "' -0 fl*5 'c tx> cuailli biyv aich, .1. ^ec
aine fio ioice^cafv, ocaf* tflbteogmil beyxep 60 cjieip. 1l i 1:0171, .1. co

w Viin-Dligchec, .1. eneclann ap. cfieifi. tl i caiiae, .1. illecon -DO cyioiyce co
hin-oligcTiec, .1. in enectann -oltse-p anri ctyv cjveip. tl 1 cauiif; 01 ^ 6 ! '
b|xipT> cujxricaise, .1. T>op.n ina bfioltac ap. t>ai5in a payraice yie pachaib;
in ptnacc piiit 'an-o on, cn,eip. Tl 1 uba -DO gyvega, .1. ic uaice VT 11 ^ '
cop.5umecc no cotpont) pofvoco mbfiipcen,; cuic yeoic mT>, .1. cefic, no -plcrc,

if no in -oubaige j eneclann -

OT). 74. [TTIaD 6 aimmitie] -oo stxega [cnyitaTi], co teojia payva pupaill
biT), .1. mcroa cmp,e nech ni -no bfvetc -oaiburDib -DO gfieaga, if e
bmf eneclann anD co |iuice in c|\iu|i if uaiyli bif if

in pupaiLl.

la \f m maigm af a njacaicne-p, in cech, enectann tion rfiiufi if
uaifli bif an-o afi a naigi-o OT>ein.

Ci-o po -oeyia co na fuil enectann ace TJO rfuufi an-o fo, i
neich a henmaigm yviu, ocuf m bait 1 n-aipatfi if na bjietaib \
" T3f,ebtiifce cif,-. affienaji enectann each pp,im pefcfamt) af a
mit)cuaiftc co mofifeififi," co ftut enectann -non rnoyi feifiyi an-o-
fi-oe i rgaic m feoic a haen 15 yiiu ? 1f e fac fo -oefia catta-6
in mofifefifi an-ofeic aji a n-ajai-o uo-oem, ocuf coip, ce no bee
enectann -ooib i n^aic m Cfeoic a haen 15 fiiu.

imtififio noca cafita ace ryviufi uafat [ann] aft a n-ajai-o
3obo-oem; ocuf -oa mbeic m but) tta ann -oo bia-o -ooib co mop,
feifip, ; no, -oono, cuma-o ime na beich co moyifeiftp. he, aigmeiti
taif m ug-oayi in fee -oo gaic a haencig fiiu ot-oaf a haenmaigm
fiiu amuich. Ocuf ana-o efieifi ayim enectamn bmf m each m T)ib
fin, munayv hican iae no cufi gaba-o atgabait umpu.

1 Hill of meeting. The reading in the Harleiau Copy is mm-D an.Tnint>, in
O'D. 72, it is mmn aifitiunn ; but the word aimmine occurs in C. 797, and hence
the reading, "TTla-o 6 aimmine" above.

SENCHUS MOB. 165

The restitution of every kind of wood in one day, the ' dire'-fine DISTRESS.
in three days ; the restitution of their larger branches in three days,
the ' dire'-fine in five days ; the restitution of their small branches
and eitips in five days, and the ' dire'-fine in ten days, i.e. except
the sacred wood or the ' Defidh.'

For breaking thy land, i.e. for the ' smacht'-fine on account of thy turf
bog, i.e. five ' seds' for every twelve poles, i.e. the ' smachf-fine for cutting sods.
For injury caused by thy4nr.e, i.e. ' seds' of one day's stay were injured in
thy fence, and the kinsman being sued extends it to three days. For injury
caused by thy stakes, i.e. for the injury which the sharp spike of thy pointed
stake caused, i.e. they have injured 'seds' of one day's stay, and the kinsman

being sued, extends it to three days. For thy pl**#fc*d land, i.e. /or ploughing ~Tifif..^ I/

unlawfully, i.e. the honor-price has a stay of three days. For tb_y. -wir, i.e. in
letting the_water go unlawfully ; the honor-price that is due for it has a stay of
three days. For infringing thy privilege, i.e. violating thy protection, Le.
to seize a person by the breast to arrest him for debt ; the fine that is for it has a
stay of three days. For scaring thy horses, i.e. 4he-eeuntry againct thoe,
i.e. for frightening or driving them until they are injured ; five ' seds' for it, i.e. by
a rag, a rod, or a mask ; honor-price is due for it, &c.

If thy horses are removed from the hill of meeting, 1 the fine extends
to the three noblest in a pavilion, i.e. if any one has set up anything
to scare thy horses from the hill of meeting, the honor-price which
is due for it is that o/the three noblest persons who are in the pavilion.

From whatever place a horse is carried off, there is honor-price
due to the three noblest persons who are there for it on their own
account.

What is the reason that there is honor-price but for three persons
in stealing a horse from the place in which they are, whereas it is (
said in the BtotLnj^^JEith respect to-bouse ' dire'^ne, honor-price fa*f4*M% ofr fa*t,
is paid for every chief person ; i t^ha.ngnptingtimisR as far as seven -"' "V :
persons," which clearly indicates that honor-price is due to seven
persons for stealing a ' sed' from the house in which they are ? The
reason is, the seven persons have room there to themselves, and it
is right that they should have honor-price for the stealing of a 'sed'
from the house in which they are.

But in this case there happen to be but three noble persons by
themselves; and should there be more there would be honor-price due
to them as far as seven persons ; or, indeed, the reason that it ex-
tends to seven persons, is because the author of the law viewed the
stealing of the ' sed' from the same house with them as of greater
enormity than to steal it from the same hill of meeting with them in
the open air. And there is a stay of three days upon the honor-
price that should be for each of these things, unless they were paid
for before distress was taken for them.

166

Dismiss. tli poxol T>O eipfiectica,j.i. na peccroo, .1. a pncccca tiili irro fo fir,
' C mT>: ' 1 ' att 5i n "n iecca " co-onac; eneclann an, tp.eif<i. tl i
ic aic, .1. pac po mipini [i] ap, tp.eiri ; cmc fecit no "Deic feoit

,. 1 "ibleidi icmuilum), .1. pimiticerx. 1 ti-aiccpeb TJO cTngi, .1.

f bee tnitToe ryieibi DO cig^gan pjjjpuictoiTTiriitne T>IC anti a|\ CTieii, .1. cuic

1Iln -

ef77s.i-i.il T 60 ^ 1 "-Oflu5at),^r-pec in a Of4^c6Wo T?n a c '5 e f"c1iTnai|ic; bo

uroeicpn in-o, T) (titan) 1 nt>taiT) t)e. InrToToTnTvat), .1. 5 mc a cuigi
oib; no fmacc ann cqa crieip, .1. cuic yeoic. 1tia ^ottycuT), .1. a cotba
ocuy a n-ui\^cairi ; ymacc no eneclatin ann ayi criei-pi, .1. m poloyxat). 1 n a
" oy-lucu-o, .1. ciT> von, f-etu, cm cm |-ecu, .1. cuic peoit 1 iroul cn.e cech cnfl
.1. af amenon; cuic -peoic mil. 1l 1 -poxal -DO moja, .\. peicb a
.1. .'eneclann ntitc 1 ngarc -oo moga. "Do chumaile, .1. pc ec oc.
T) t>o meic, .1. ma ujioqaa cen a biathat>, .1. ma gabait can, apat),
.1. cuic feoic pncu|-a ann up. crxeip, no m cumal ban aparo pi 1 mbiacnat)
-oo mic, no c'lngine cap, papuga-o. tli pleicn no mna, .1. cen -pop-ba
ngmma, .1. coippoip.1 im eneclamn an. cpeip. 1na pop,cun, .1. ap,ecm;
eneclann mt> ap. cpeip. Cach gn-ep -i. T>O neoch i nnlegap, lati. Cach
enechp,ice, .1. o ca Ian amacn, .1. lee ocup f-eccmai-o. 1p fOfi cin-
caib cp,eif 1 aca, .1. if pop, cp.eip aca ana^ na hcrchsabala saibcep, im
coc anaiT) oib.

\

i CCchgabmt qu^e 1 n-imfiim "Do eich, T>o noe, 'Do cteib,
"Do caififi, T)o chap,paic, hi pomailc t>o ene, t)o T)atbche,
T)o fcatbaile, T)o chaijie ; 1 TTOifie T)o cfieibi, 1 polomiiaT)
, B-A T)0 ^ubguific, 1 ngatc Tio muc, T)o chaijiech; 1 pomailc t)o

j^beta, T)o piT)bcti; im chaichem cafcaip, T)o cTiuimie, tm
toe TIO aibinne, 1 ^pchla r'aijigectaig, im rutiofijain TIO
becTiTin, im bujiach T)o ctiene, im fiafaf "Do

ju^V' im T)ifie T)O T>aife a|xba,

-DO

a, "Do auinn, 7)0 luachfia, tuam T)ichTnaific;
t>o chana, 1 lobut> T)o chaifiiDe, im afccro

SENCHUS MOR. 167

For carrying off thy pet animals, i.e. the pets. i.e. the fines for them all DISTRESS.
are down here, i.e. five seds,' i.e. there is restitution of the pets of sensible adults ;
the ho*nor-price has a stayof three days. For drying in thy kiln, i.e. the fine
for uMiigit has a stayof three days; five 'seds' or ten 'seds' for it. For grinding
in thy mill, i.e. in like manner. For taking possession of thy house, i.e.
to be in thy house without thy knowledge ; thou mayest have a fine for it according
to the damage, with a stay of three days, i.e. five 'seds' for opening it, Le. a 'sed' for
opening it without permission if the house had been uninhabited, a cow for looking
into it, a young heifer ('dartaid') for a wisp of its Oiatch. For stripping it, i.e.
for taking off the thatch : there is ' smacht'-fine for it, with a stay of three days, i.e.
five 'seds.' For burning it, i.e. its benches and famituie: there is 'smacht'-
fine or honor-price for it, with a stay of three days, i.e. for the burning. For
opening it, i.e. whether there be cattle there, or whether there be not, i.e. five
' seds' for going through Vhouse ei-tlwee-strecrsrr.e. through the middle : five ' seds'
for it. For carrying off thy bondman, i.e. there is a fine for carrying off thy
bondman; there is honor-price for stealing thy bondman. Thy bondmaid, i.e.
in like manner. For the notice respecting thy son, i.e. in warning a per-
ton not to feed him, i.e. in receiving him notwithstanding the warning, i.e. there are
five ' seds' of those mentioned in the Senchus for it, with a stay of three days ; or
the 'cumhal' for white-notice is for feeding thy son or thy daughter aftpr flisnbe-
.djence. For attempting to violate thy wife, i.e. without completing the
act, i.e. body-fine for honor-price, with a stay of three days. For forcing her,
i.e. by violence; there is honor-price for it, with a stayof three days. All
attacks, i.e. in the case of a person for whom full/n is due. All insults, i.e.
from the full fine out, i.e. one half and one seventh. Are reckoned among
the offences of three days, i.e. the stay upon the distress which is taken for
every offence of these is three days.

Distress of three days for -using thy horse, thy boat,
thy basket, thy cart, thy chariot, for wear of thy ves-
sel, thy vat, thy great caldron, thy caldron ; for ' dire'-
fine in respect of thy house, for stripping thy herb-
garden, for stealing thy pigs, thy sheep ; for wearing
down thy hatchet, thy wood-axe ; for consuming the
things cast upon thy beach by the sea, for injuring
thy meeting-hill, for digging thy silver mine, for rob-
bing thy bee-hive, for the fury of thy fire, for the-erop. *WrWw (j.
of thy sea-marsh, for the ' dire'-fine in respect of thy
corn-rick, thy taref^ thy ripe corn, thy ferns, thy furze,
thy rushes, if without permission ; for slighting thy law,
for slighting thy interterritorial law, for enforcing thy
'Urradhus'-law ; in the case of good fosterage, in the

Senchur Tttop,.
fnulfu

' roateccp, miaUwji, lafificro pp,if na |w> crtrap, eiatro
cleib ; im cobac riqifvoe comaccefct, im robach natjvpe
cematanfl, im cobach naipre_ tananinarc^cechccc,~iTn
choibne-o eicecbca, faficbtnrnfiecb pop, eocha.mia ftabfia <u

-oo buaib. ttichgin mbLecbrat /*

'

CCchsabdil ctiif e, .1. a^ a puit anoro crveip, .,. a fmacc uili
cjxeipe, ocuy^ aicgm a cmpme mli pop. um.

Cach baiti 1 puit imrvim ftinD if pach poimp,ime ; each bmti
IP ix)ttiailc, if pach poficfiafo fomalca i?ofi om.

, ,, 1 "-'"iriim -oo eich, .1. vttafcai, .1. pach i?oimrvime fee ame, .1. a

t^ic imjlijcig uili tan aicgml cai[f]croi uili po^i uin.

0'D-7S,7S. [Ci-o fO'oeria cutia cuqi,utna T>O cac omne if in pach
pop, 6in, ocuf cu nac cuc|iuiT)a ipn pach

if. 1f 6 in fdc fOT>eTxa, ap, fiiaifiiut> crenuice oca m pac
poimiutca pofi oin, ocuf nf het> oca in pac poimfutne. ^1 tyo.jf

CtT) bmf if in pac foimf,ime tjeptie ?

C Ceitp,i ba -DO laigtnb cuna comgiaorouib, ocuf aichgm 115111^^11115

OfH co oechmui-o, -oia mbe cmapn cepc luu. T>a ba unu^o no

Jo 5r wrouib F^ata, ocuf bo T)o 5rw*T>uib"f.eine, ocuf aichgin 115111171-

fiuii> lef ; ocuf cit biaf T)6ib cu oechmui'o, Tim n-etait>, if tiubluT)

cac neine po fidigputnuri. Ocuf CIT> biaf, mom iayx rroechtnuiD

elaicheyi ann ? 1f taitipac jaice iccuyi ann ; ocuf in cucyvuma

iccufi i n-elut) co -Dechmuit), if 6 pn put ann iayi n'oechmui'D, cm

C &*>if cu lecmjx a etufi irne ici|i, ocuf -ota n-etuiD iaup, n'oechmuit),

if Ian gain ; ocuf 6 ambpne in flicc f o.' Slan imutipo T)O

pne co crveife no cuicti, -po aicnet f eoic jUacca no snimn.ui'D co

CUKC1, no fee gan lace gan snimp,uit); ocuf caipsilte leif ocha

fir atnach.]

SENCHUS MOR. 169

AY- tm, . At^t <*VV

case o/ bad fosterage, the fosterage fee ift4^e-casa.of
cuter-fosterage, /t>r cradle clothes ; for recovering the
dues of the common tillage land, for recovering the
dues of joint fosterage, for recovering the dues of law-
ful relationship, for unlawful tying, over-fettering of
horses, breaking a fence to let cows into the grass,
breaking it before calves to let them to the cows. The
restitution of the milk is in one day.

Distress of three days, i.e. on which there is a stay of three days, i.e. all
the 'smacht'-fine in three days, and the restitution of all necessaries of life in one

da >'- *&- m>v

Wherever there 5s use tUotais a fine for use ; wherever tww-w

\ffltffb . r i

tboro ia ft fine for excessive wear ot a loan.

For using thy horse, i.e. thy riding-horse, i.e. a fine for use of a 'sed' of
one day's stay, i.e. for all unlawful ridig-<jf it there is full restitution: all necusa- ,.
riea of life have a stay of one day.\

What is the reason that every one has equality in the fine for
excessive wear of a loan, and that there is not equality in the fine
for use? '*"*

The reason is, the fine for excessive wear of a loan depends upa-the
grntnififiin flinraatftr of it, but,m the fine for use this fines nut exist.

What shall be the fine of use from this?

Four cows to kings and persons of the same grade, and restitution
of the work with a stay of ten days, if what is right be tendered by
them. But two cows to those of chieftain grade, and one cow to
those of the inferior grades, and also restitution of the work; and
though these are the things which are due to them, with a stay of ten
days, if they are evaded, it is double of every thing which we have
mentioned. And if after ten days they are evaded, what shall be
due ? Full fine for theft is paid then ; and the proportion which is
paid for evading within ten days is the same which is paid after ten
days, although evading did not take place in the case at all, and if
evading takes place after ten days, it is full fine for theft ; and
this from a man of a strange tribe. But the tribesman is safe till
three days or five days, according to the nature of the ' seds ' the
'sed' which has milk or work till five days, and 'seds' without milk
without work till three days; and there is 'tairgille'-fine therewith
from that out.

170 8ench r ni6,i. ^ .,.

'ffiifif. 10 II

DISTRESS. T>o noe, .1. trentumpci, cuic peoic:~cotm pepa, Tjeic peoic inn. t)o
capp, .1. mlich no apbu, cuic peoic inn pac poimpmie. t)o chappaic,
.1. cute peoic no cumatl inn ; piacn poimpime apcpeipi. Tli pomattc TJO
ene, .i.bice; cuic peoci pac pomalca pop om apcpeipi. "Do Tjaibche, .1.
.Ttnoipe, cuic peoic. "Do pcmbaile, .1. cuic peoic. T)o chaip,e, .1. cuic
peoic. 1 ntnpe TJO cp,eibi,.i. enectann t>uic i nj;aic apT>ocp.eib. 1
ompa-o -1. pmacc airo, ap cpeipi. T>o lubguipc, .1. m bo. 1 ri
DO muc, .1. mucaco nuip, ipunn ; a naichgin pop om, ocup a nT>ip.e ,.,
-"i, .1. ap.cp.eipi i n-enectann, .1. a n'oip.e in pom can naclc mecha.
chaip,ech, .1. cen li no cen imp,. 1 pomailc -oobelctf .1. cotpac
abela, cuic peoic. "Do pi-obai, .1. cuic peoic m pmacc. Imchai-
chem capcaip T>O cnumne, .1. m capcaip T>O cuipicliep T>O cumn, .1.
im TJO cuipichep, 1 pop.c -oilip, .1. m Tjuilepc pliucn, .1. pemnach no -ouitepc,
.1. pmacc, ocup abeic ap cpeipi ; cuic pei) mTj, ocup po cecluma m pemnach
ifno in Tjuilepc arnj. 1m loc TJO aibinne, .1. TJO puine T>ala, .1. pmacc i
cocailcna culcha; piach pocbai^ann, no alan Tj'ich no bticc. 1 poclila
caipgeclaig, .1. toe 1 tnbi mem aip-^c, .1. mem m aipgic, nojn uma, no
ui lapamTj; cuic peoic ap, cpeipi. 1m cupop^ain -DO bechTjm, .1.
ingaic na cepach bee, .1. -oiabtat) m cleib, no in enecUtnn anT>, .1. m cul
^J IJIf .5 cpiachap,; no ma pcpip TJO luibib. 1m bup,ach TJO chene, .i.im bopp,-
pafj map, Tjosm, .1. cm m ceniTj a7>annai, .1. pec ame po loice ann, ocur
I8^fc) inbteogain beipip co cpeipi ; no pmacc m pop,loipce, .1. inoro TJO cuatUi T^ec

. f^ 7 ^ 1 ' 1rT1 |T x r a r ' D0 mupmaige, .1. im mi po papap ap, up na -oumaise

f im im po V a r a r ap. up na -

1fl wasnui no in mup,am ap ambi cechcujaij, .1. fceroiu-D no p,o a-p, .1. m
C. 797. jjmuipnech cm buam; [no if luacnaip m mutp, muige -DO buam eppleip, .1.
a fqxif no a clai-oe T>O T>amiB ocup mnaib']. Ma cuic pec ap. cpeip. 1 m
T>O T>aip e, .1. ic cpuaich apba, .1. "Diabloi) m apba, ocur enectann

- CiT) po 7)etia a bei* ap, qieifi fuTiD pnacc m afiba abm-o, octif

30 a beic ap, am cuap? 1f 6 in pat poT>eiaa in aenpecc |io gaba*
achgabail im aichgm ocf imm pmacc cuap , ocup ip paine pecc
fio jabcro ariT) po, uaip, each pmacc ocup each eneclann papap a
ptHfUfuu aichgina, map a pame pecc p-o gabat) achgabail im in
aichgm ocup mi in pmacc, emero C|veipe op,fia, ocup Dichinim

1 The hill. In C. 797, the reading ig -DO aimmme, .1. puitiec, no pen,c no
bile cam ypt, i.e. Thy 'aimmine,' i.e. seat, or mound, or beautiful tree, &c.

2 Herb garden In the Bee Laws, O'D. 1040, it is stated that full honor-price
is due if bees are stolen from an enclosure or an herb-garden.

SENCHUS MOK. 171

Thy boat, i-e. of one hMe, five 'seds'/or .'*.- with the /& number of benches, DISTRESS.
ten 'seoV for it. Thy cart, i.e. for dung or corn; five 'seds' is the fine for over-
nsingit Thy chariot, i.e. five 'seds' or a 'cumhal' for it; the fine for over-using
has a stay of three days. For wear of thy vessel, i.e. thy small rf,- five 'seds'
is the fine for wear of a loan, with a stay of three days. Thy vat, i.e. great vat; five
wds' Thy great caldron, i.e. five 'seds.' Thy caldron, i.e. five 'seds.' For
dire'-fine in respect of thy house, i.e. thou hast honor-price for stealing
o'uToflty house. For stripping, i.e. 'smachf-fine for it, with a stay of
three days. Thy herb-garden, i.e. the cow. For stealing thy pigs, i.e. fat
pigs here; their restitution has a stay of one day, and their 'dire'-fine of three days,
i.e. the honor-price for them has a stay of three days, i.e. their 'dire'-fine here when
they are not fat. Thy sheep, i.e. without wool or without fat. For wearing
down thy hatchet, i"e. a two-year-old heifer is the 'dire'-fine for the hatchet; five
'seds' is the 'smacht'-fae. Thy wood-axe, i.e. five 'seds' is the 'smacht'-fine.
For consuming the things cast upon thy beach by the sea, i.e. the
things which the waves throw in, i.e. the thing which it casts upon thy lawful bank,
i.e- the wet salt leaf, i.e. the seaweed or 'duilesc,' i.e. 'smachf-fine, and it has a
stay of three days ; five 'seds' for it, and in this case the seaweed or the salt-leaf
was gathered. For injuring thy meeting-hill, i.e. thy convention-seat, i.e.
there is 'smachf-fine for rooting up the hill; 1 there is fine for sod-digging for it,
or the full of the hole of corn or milk. For digging thy silver mine, i.e. a
place where there is a mine of silver, i.e. a mine of silver, or of copper, or of iron ; (
five 'seds 1 for it, with a stay of three days. For robbing thy bee-hive, i.e.
for stealing thy hive of bees, Le. double the value of the basket, or honor-price
for it, i.e. what protects the combs; or for tearing them from herb-jarde/w.*
For the fury of thy fire, i.e. the great fury it produces, i.e. the offence of
kindling the fire, Le. a 'sed' of one day's stay was injured in this case, and the kins-
man being Slu!t i extends the time to three days; or there is 'smachf-fine for burn-
i n g, i.e. for every twelve poles' length, &c. For the ^-of thy sea-marsh,
i.e- for the thing which grows on the brink of the sand-bank in the sea-plain; or f
the sea-grass which has been appropriated, i.e. wlint grows nn tlKMBMah, i.e. the
bent which has not been cut down ; or it is the rushes of the sea-plain that are
wholly cut, i-e. torn up or destroyed by men and women. The fine five 'seds,' with
a stay of three days. For the 'dire'-fine in respect of thy corn-rick i.e.
thy rick of corn, i.e. the double of the corn and honor-price, with a stay of three
days.

What is the reason that the 'smacht'-fine for the ripe corn here - f3U*

should have a stay of three days, and that it has a stay of one_day
above 1 The reason is this, the distress was taken for the restitution
and for the ' smacht '-fine together above, and it is taken for them
separately here, for every 'smacht'-fine and every honor-price
which accrues in consequence of restitution, if the distress has been
taken at different times for the restitution and the ' smacht '-fine,
there is a stay of three days upon it, and a delay in pound of five

172

DISTRESS, cmcfo; no cuma -out i r m ancro i r ne r a T>on aitfi 5 in. TTlaf a
naenpecc n,o 5 abcro crchgabail imin mr:h 5 in ocu r im in rmaclic,
if ana* ui^i -po mcnet. na hachsabala. cu/*vt- QA*n

- fffj

/6'A- / W )

Do votbai & .1. oip.e na tnotia, .1. cuic reore cm-o ap tpeirt. "Do
VOchen'D, .1. 111 rtnaccpjilt loci pxmvo rum> ; ancro cpeiri an in ath-
gabail gabup uime.

Cm ro Tjerxa ancro qaeifi ap, in ach 5 abait gabufi im in rocenTj
n, ocuf ancro naine a^ m achgabail 5 abu^ ime cuaf ? 1 fe
po-oeyia, 1111 a nemtoc 5 ab U1 a m ccchgabail cua r , ocu r anaT>
ui^e uaifi nocna ne r am 1 aixcam he -oat lorceyi e ma
; ocu r im in fmacca <pwl 1 toe in ^ocen-o 5 aK UT i in crch 5 a-
bait r un-o, ocuf ana-o cfieip ayi in achsabaidabarx uime.

T)o pacha, .1. cuic peoic ma po boin 5 eu. T>o atinn, .1. ma pop a
coir, .1. ap a piil techcugat). t)o luachpa, .1. nocha cuic reoit biap
- innci pia na buain, .1. cuic reoic an-o, ocup ip man ocup pomamn, acht
pp tuachaip po, ocup mupluachaip tuap, no muipm ; ocup rmacc piil m
each tit -oib, ocup a beich ap tpeiri. Than oichmaipc, .1. can pap-
t*ngrf -o'pp bunaiy beptap na hepnaili pin uile, ir ann aca ram m-otu **l O'j

llobu-o DO chan a, .1. cm a comallaT), .1. pogail 1 nDlegup. enec-

>lann i cam, no pmacc i n'oul^luigi cana, .1. na cuic peoit plat poppu,

ocup ana-o tpeip, ap m achgabail S abup umpu. 1llobu-o -DO ccina, .1.

pollu b a-D, .1. laeba'o no i lica'O -oo pia 5 la. 1llobuT> -oo chdipTje, .1.

pogail 1 nTjlegup eneclann, .1. i cpeipi, i caip-oi; uaip noca tipuil rmacc i

caipTH, ocup m-uppatup po hacpari. 1m apcaT) T>O uppaTiair, .1.

>r rmocapcoT) m c-uppaT)Up, no apca'D pp epcaipui na bi i n-uppa-oup; ocup

acpuicep pope, .1. na cuic peo;c plat pop m pep pne ap tecc o me. 80-

-cap, .1. popcpan) m alcpama, .1. oiabUro a lapcrca -oon aice, .1. m

caici sebep tm lecgabail na hiappaca. TT1 lalcap, .1. oiabUro oofpathoi 7

on atce; lap nelor. po, no ni nepom cmpcroe m ciappach. 1appa-o <^V

3<ppif na po alcap, .1. pet cpeipi tucaT> ip m mppai-o ant), .1. in

tachmp S abup mi letgabal oiabulta m bre ocup m ecaig in lenrni, .1. m

taice sabap, .1. ip oenam pop cuipech an oetvenach^. noca tucat> in let

ro piap. eitiuT) cleib, .1. m cecach -ole 5 up race trm cliaban; po

I

e. Vide supra, p. 135.
'Escairde.' This means a person from a territory with which there was no
Intel-territorial law or regulation.

SENCHUS MOB. 173

days ; or the ' smacht '-fine is to have the stay which is nearest to DISTRESS.
the restitution. If the distress was taken for the restitution and for
the 'smacht '-fine together, there is a stay upon it according to the
nature of the distress.

Thy tnrf, i.e. the 'dire'-fine in respect of the turf, i.e. five 'seds' for it with a
stay of three days. Thy ripe corn, i.e. the 'smacht '-fine which is for injuring
the ripe corn ; there is a stay of three days upon the distress which is taken re-
specting it.

What is the reason that there is a stay of three days upon the dis-
tress which is taken for the ripe corn here, and a stay of only one
day upon the distress that is taken for it above 1 ! 1 The reason is, the
distress was taken above to prevent the injury of it, and there is the
stay of aii article of necessity upon it (for it is no longer an article of
necessity if it be injured in the ear); but the distress here is taken for
the ' smacht '-fine which is imposed for injury done to the corn in the
ear, and there is a stay of three days upon the distress which is taken
respecting it.

Thy ferns, i.e. five 'seds,' if they have been cut. Thy furze, i.e. if it be stand-
ing, i.e. which is appropriated. Thy rushes, i.e. it is not five 'seds' that shall be
for it before it has been cut, i.e. there are five 'seds 1 for it (the cutting); and it is r t
similar to what ire hme mentioned before, but that these are^rue rushes, and that -Jrfffu
above was sedge or bent grass ; and there is 'smacht '-fine for each of them, and it
has a stay of three days. If without permission, i.e. if done without asking
fcnurnf thi CT-P r""^ JJ> *'- i"'"* " f s "* "" rijjg_hig; fnr.thpm. It is in that
case there is a difference to the owner in these matters. For slighting thy law, C/ 6/Afa): //fa
i.e. not keeping it, i.e. an injury for which honor-price is due in 'Cain '-law, or the
'smacht'-fine which is for violating the oath of law, i.e. the five 'seds' which are
for them, and there is a stay of three days upon the distress which is taken for
them For slighting thy law, i.e. neglecting, i.e. violating or slighting thy rule.
For slighting thy interterritorial law, i.e. an injury for which honor-price
is due, i.e. with three days' stay by the interterritorial law; for there is no 'smacht'-fine
in interterritorial law, and it is in 'Urradhus'-law it is sued for. For enforcing
thy 'Urradhus'-law, i.e. for keeping thee to thy 'Urradhus'-law, or keeping to
hit obligation, an 'escairde,' 8 who is not within the 'Urradhus'-law; and it is I
fastened upon thee, i.e, the five 'seds' that are upon the tribesman for commg-frein v^fvy
the tribe. In the case o/good fosterage, i.e. addition to the fosterage, i.e.
double the fosterage-fee to the foster-father, i.e. the foster-father distrains for the .

second portion of the fosterage-fee. In the case of bad fosterage, i.e. double fi. (ft
tXeN&Jrom the foster-father; this is after evading, or the fosterage-fee is not a
necessary of life. The fosterage-fee in the case of over-fosterage, i.e.
a 'sed' of three days' stay was given as the fosterage-fee in this case, i.e. the
father takes it (the distress) for the second portion of the double seizure for the
food and the clothing of the child, i.e. the foster-father distrains, i.e. the last is to be
done first, and the half above mentioned was not given. Cradle clothes, Le. the
clothes which by law he should have in the cradle ; it is according to the grade of

tf -T <pt&-

174

DISTRESS. ' ctie ' 6 Snail) a trcTia^ ocuf amatliari T)tej;an. fin leif. 1m tobac
- nain-T>e comaccef a, .i.-oain.c caca.tn. na-oimcofa naim>e; an. if nefam
coifcvoein rnie TJIO Turin ap, pogcol. 1m cobacVnain.T>e comaltain.
.1. fmacc me, ocuf a mbec an. tn.eip. 1m cobach nairxT>e tanam-
-rnafa cechca, .1. in prince bif icin. in lanamain uatf oligthis, ' ctnc
omrvcV t>ec plec o ceccatx Tje, .1. prutcc iccc beop. 1m cnoibneu
eicechtct, .1. <rch 5 abail in'oligchec; no langpcil iciri a cenn OCUY> a cara,
ocu r in f a r co MC r^ni'S ' m can iy- an. -oaigin tnanbca, cen ciaccam in
maribca. SarvchuiniTvech, .1. in faf co rvich V o mbfiatgic, .1. ruiatnne
,.im apacai^nogac^alach ina beoUt. CCin.ba |iia ytabria ni pen, .1.
cuic r eoic T>O r macc ann, ap, ctieip, .1. -oariraiT) i crvi cuaiUib, .1. bjMfio
in aili piaf na buaib. CCu|ib rxia laegaib, .1. eneclann amj arv cyieip,
nopnacccuici-eotc. CCich 5 in mblecnca,, .1. a otabtaT), QT x CT veip, .1.
in laclica^ "If poyi mn aca, .1. 1^ pxip, oca anati name.

C

o-CCclic maf ay\ -oaigin bfiifn in atte, ocuf tointe in peoiyv, octif
O'D. 78. [caicriie] in lacca, 110 b^et) in cmle, ceca^-oa ocu r eneclann if
in locc anT), ocu r pnacc IHT> ^eoip, ocu r in^lacca, no in)aile, cn>
be t>ib buy mo, oc UT - m aitgin mayx aen. Ocu r if memo fin ocuf a
oenam af, -oaijin bfiifce m aiti a aenaji, ocuf caimc loc in-o
2.T601TV ocuf m lacca T>e. TTlaf ap, oaigm toicice in lacca a
aenufi, ocuf camic loc in feoip, ocuf mo aili oe, cecatioa ocuf
eneclann if in lace ann, ocuf aichgm mo feoiji ocuf m aili ; ocuf
O'D. 78. tnana caemnuf cena m lace oo millet, ann [can m pep,] ocuf
con in c-aili, fmacc m-opeoifl, no m aili, crJ be T>ib buf mo. TTlaf
vrarif.acloicice mo feoip a aenufi, ocuf cconic loc mo aili ocuf m
lacca oe, ftnacc ocuf aicgin if m fej^ano, ocuf aicgm m aili,
ocuf cecap,oa ocuf eneclann if m lach

*"

CCchsabait qieip i fdtwnjurt -DO mmfib, i
cuiWe,i cumranc^'Dunai'D, im ainme^im ecniT)ach, mm
30 on, mi ambeT), im efbuiT), im Tnafibchnai'
Folomjia-D cacha, im chumtuch n5 r canT)ait,
each omnaig, i cabaific mic ?op, muin 1 cech, 1

' tt

f

SENCHUS MOR. 175

his father and of his mother that this is due. For recovering the dues of the DISTRESS.
common tillage land, i.e. a young heifer ('dairt') for every three days dwmg- ~7T^ff
wjiib-it i s nnt-ptopejly-djrnfed ; for the fence is a thing of necessity to protect it
from injury. For recovering the dues of joint fosterage, i.e. it is 'smacht'-
fine, and has a stay of three days. For recovering the dues of lawful relation-
ship, i.e. the 'smacht'-fine which is for the noble lawful relationship, i.e. tflere are
fifteen young heifers ('dairts') from each of them, i.e. they are as 'smacht'-fine also.
For unlawful tying, i e. unlawful distress ; or to put a fastening between his
head and his feet, ISof the fastening with the hair string, i.e. when it is with a design
to kill, without the killing being effected. Over-fettering, i.e. the fastening ex-
tending around the neck. i.e. a hair-bit between his teeth, or an osier withe in his
mouth. Breaking a fence to let cows into the grass, i.e. there are five
' seds' as a 'smacht'-fine for it, with a stay of three days, i.e. a heifer for every
three poles, i.e. breaking fences before the cows. Breaking it before calves,
i.e. there is honor-price for it, with a stay of three days, or a 'smacht-fine' of five
'seds.' Restitution of the milk, i.e. double, with a stay of three days, i.e.
of the milk. Is in one day, i.e. there is a stay of one day upon it.

Put if it was with the intention of breaking the fence, and injuring
the grass, and consuming the milk, the fence was broken, the four
fines and honor-price are then payable for ty, and ' smacht'-fine for
the grass and for the milk, or for thei fence, whichever of them is
greater, and restitution also. And it' is the same to commit the act
with the intention of breaking the fence only, when the injury of
the grass and of the milk result from it. If it was for the purpose
of injuring the milk only, and that the injury of the grass and of
the fence resulted from it, tie fourjiw*? and honor-price for the milk "? - f-J^ L \
are payable in this case, also restitution for the grass and for the
fence ; and if the milk could not be destroyed on the occasion, with-
out destroying the grass and the fence, there is then 'smacht'-fine for
the grass or for the fence, whichever of them is greater. If it was
for the purpose of injuring the grass only, and that the injury of the
fence and of the milk resulted from it, there is ' smacht'-fine and res-
I titution for the lftd, and restitution for the fence, and the four^Ws.'M^
| and honor-price for the milk.

Distress of three days' stay for stripping thfl dead,
for disturbing the meeting-hill, for yrafselling hva ywlu */
feet, for slandering, for satir-iaing, for a visible blemish,
for a concealed blemish, for mutilating, for stripping
the slain, for stripping the slain in battle, for eircukt- ^94t^- / ^^-"f **
ing false reports, for scaring the timid, for carrying a
boy on the back into a house, for the longed-for mor-

176 -Senchuf mop,.

DISTRESS. mem), im faiiup,n,ach mban pfu name, toifichet) tap,
aput) ineoch in atbala, ecen mifie, ben na toque a
gnimu, puba ninroa, coltuT) mbfiethi, UTTafichop, aupdia,
mump, t>o cop, T)O coin, T>antmifi T>o bfieit o
ai.

-I. I
A

Hi polomp,aT> 7>o maipb, .1. aecach -DO j;aic tion mapb [cm] cup a
nofa mapba, .1. -DO berni t>o na coppaib cm cob ca nop mapba*, .1. nem-
nepam in c-ecach co mjepnatap a coippecat), ocup T>O galop ip map-b in
ouine, .1. m bpac uaip nac mjcep,. 1 copaic cuilce, .1. eneclann i
/a TToebaitnnnci, no eipicm 7>ep.bpoip;;ill; nocumaT>im cuigi cuilci ; no cuma
ariiail pep, bpatc no eigmei, .1. -oala; co mbi T>ebaiT) mT>cib nTDip^no pcatle,
i. bpac -DO T>enam ip m culaig ocup cic olc ne, .1. wpe m uilc pm aipe.
1 cumpanaT) T>unaiT>, .1. ^catleT), .1. cmpcecal T>eb'ca i nT>unaT>, .1. T>uL
oon map.baT), .1. eneclann T>III;IT> anT>, .1. acomeipgi mp. 1m ainme, .1.

>f an cubTiup, .1. lepamm, no aep,at), ocup meclann uil ann, ap, cpeipi. 1 m
ecnaDach, .1. achcancam aipe, .1. cpia cubup. 1 mm on, .1. 1 n-mcaib.

1m ainbet), .1. po ecach, .1. m lee iap^)nbpeicemnup pip in coippnipe
[a] nanpoc. 1m epbui-o, .1. imballaib, .1. in ciap-^mbpeicemnur, .1.
i ngaic neich uat>a; eneclann an-o ap, cpeipi. 1m mapbcnnai nap-

-iO maijje, .1. m cnai btp T>ap, in mapb ip m apmuig ma buom ne; ocup ap,
cm cac pin, .1. mapb cm ap peomac, .1. muna cappena, .1. ap ip conroilup
T>O each. 1 polomp-OT) caclia, .1. mgaic a ecaig -Don mapb ipn cac ocup
an,. 4 polomp.a'n carhji .i(ip m cac pop, cula coip, po, ocup ap cm cac
p,eouc, .1. ploga-6 puiupechca, no mi in ecach pern, ap, ip pop yena aca.

i^1 m chumluch ngupcamjail, .i.lcoipp-Dipe anpoic ap cpeipi, m coipp-
Dip,e ouine caitu ap cuicci, ocup m coipp-oipe compatce ap Decmaroe.

Ocuf if re* o oe|ia in t>uine cmfie a^i cuicti ap, [met] m coil
ia meic Tla ^ 1ctc ^ > 1 f al P-e nac poyx qieifi. InatiT) a wm
anca ocuf woi ica pac 1 n-Ufificrouf v no cuma UITO anra [a] tutu
jellca, ocuf UITM 'oicma cumaT) e UITII ica pacti a n-u

SENCHUS MOR. 177

sel, for the oath of a woman in childbirth, for getting DISTRESS.
notwithstanding being forbidden
violating a mad-woman, incapa-

a W )i [i with child notwithstanding being forbidden cWv P. tsr.

citating a woman for lu-r work, bed witchcraft, ne- x ^

glecting cohabitation, carrying love charms, setting f ' .** ";7

the charmed morsel for a dog, carrying away the hero's
morsel from the person to whom it belongs.

For stripping th^dead, i.e. to take the clothing off the dead, though it was
not thou that didst kill them, i.e. to take it off the bodies although it was not by thee
they were killed. i.e. the clothin- is not an article of necessity until it is blessed,
and it was of disease the man died, i.e. because the cloth is not washed. For dis-
turbing the meeting-hill, i.e. there is honor-price for quarrelling on it, or ,,
eric'-line for fa!-,- witM* UMi r it is conspiracy on the hill; or it will
hf like a man betraving or shouting, i.e. on >! hill of meeting ; so that there is a
ti"ht in cither case, or a dispersion, i.e. to be guilty of a betrayal on the hill from
which evil results, i.e. the ' dire-fine of that evil is paid for it. For quarrel-
ling in a fort, i.e. a disper>imi. i.e. commencing a fight in a fort, i.e. to go to
kilU.e. the honor-price of law is for it, i.e. to advance upon it. For slandering,
i.e. unjustifiably, i.e to impose a nickname. ,,r to satiri/.e. and there is honor-price,
with three days' May for it. For satirizing, i.e. repeating satire, i.e. with jns-
Por t visible blemish, i.e. on the face. For a concealed blemish,
i.e. und.-r the clothes, i.e. half i-Mta-hi the judgment of body-fine for inad-
1 or mutilating U. in the members, i.e. the additional judgment, i.e.

for depriving a person of a member, there is honor-price for it, with a stay of three

, For .tfippkiu-HNMrtain, i.e. taking the dress that is on the dead man <r .^

in 'the tield of .-laughter off him ; and this is slaughter without a battle, i.e. h^rs ^A^ W">

WHwJ^ritliouUdaUihter in the case before, i.e. unless -it appears- othentise, for it is

equally lawful for all person- toffrjl '"' For stripping the slain

in battle, i.e. stripping his clothes off the dead man in the battle ami field of
thtar. For stripping the slain in battle, i.e. this is slaughter in a

battle fought in a proper manner, and the former was slaughter without a battle, ,

i.e. jirtteia.nr\)fniui;itivij ln^t. or rejecting the raiment itself; for it is being A-Vlfy, ^. Slfifay

denied. For circulating false reports, i.e body-fine for inadvertence, with / _^ _, .

a -lay of three days. The body-fine for secret murder has a stay of five days. ' /v. j> l\

and the body-fine for design has a stay of ten days.

And the reason that in the case of the secret murder, there is a
stay of five days, is on account of the enormity of the crime and the
greatness of the fine ; it is the reason why it has not a stay of three
days. Its period of stay is e^ual to its period of payment of debts
in ' Urradhus'-law, or its period of stay is its period of pledging, and
its period of delay in pound is its period of paying the debts in
' Urradhus'-law.

N

178

Senchuf 171 op,.

DISTRESS.

, ru b CUT) each otntii & (.i. tn.ef bumjfacli) .1. a fmacca, .1. in -oub-
aige no in ceyxc pop, cumlle, anpoc e.

ban pach if m fubeaT> fo fat mafvbea CIT> be baili, oaif nc

mafibcro -oe; muna ei if pach eignn. 1T1a ryie efbait), if let

r pach, -oia ei pu7>uji -oe ; muna n i r flan ; no Ian pac fori mn -oo

5 " 1 1T1 ^ bccr6 ' 5'f) i rimmll cro 1 n-eipnnill, mat>fp>
T>O gnecheyv.

mic ?<>?. mum 1 cech, .,. a^ na cecmain 5 a cenn, .1. T>m
ron-a conro rimne, no cenm COI ia ap, tie ecmam 5 acetiti, i. in^etbip. copba,
mchgin m-o an a r lu 5 aT)e; no cm be pac an, a. cuca* ace nan. ab cne com-
i, m m puil ann (.1. aichgm) an, cn,eip.

rlTiT

TDa r a cotmach |iuc m ten am af\ a mum ifcedi, CIT> oli 5 chec
ciT) inn-Dltschech pJit)ni 5 aT) in n 5 i, -plan p^i m n 5 i, ua^i i r
cognac T)o ^HTDB m ca^am ; ocuf m cognac -DO fim-oe m ca^gam,
IJTXCC muna paice be^a no r le 5 a, i f rriiom ainhpna ITIB BOB. Hlcm
it connaic be,T,a no r te 5 a, ocu r m rxoib, p r ^acrana aid

comldn

ecoT)nac jiuc m lenab ayx a mum i r cech, ma r mn-Dli 5 -
O'D.80. ched fmSmgort m ragi i f let ait^m pompeii rn ngj anu [Tnd r a
toDlijcec in-oenca mu^o if tec aicgm poyi im> ecoT>nuch.]

TT1a r a mac i naif tea lee -OITH -DO T nnT)e in ca^am T)a feccmat)
cp.m na haichgma van, muna acam beyxa no fleaga, ocuf mac
connaic if oecmati na haiclijma uat>.

mac inaif ica aicgina -DO p,inne in cafijam, in cech|iuime
uifianT) -oec cfim ua-o, muna acaT) beyxano flega; ocuf mac connaic,
in cechiaumai) yvann T>ec na airgma uat>; ocuf com-gmm fcuiyief
m lee eile T>O f;eccari T>e; no T>ono co na fcuip,enn comgnim ni

T)lb

TTIafa mac 1 n-aif ica lee -0^1 T>O rn 5 m in ca|\ 5 am, if cettfvi
/ 0'/>- 1*^0 io ^ edcnia * c Tn tia aicgma nero, muna acam b et xa no flega; ocuf
mac connaic if ceitfvi feccmoro na aitkma ua-o.

SENCHUS MOR. 179

For scaring the timid, i.e. a battle of sticks, i.e. its 'smacht'-fine, i.e. the DISTP.IS-.
mask or the rag upon the pole, it is inadvertence.

There is full fine for scaring for the purpose of killing in every
case whatsoever when death results therefrom ; if it does not, there
is a fine for shouting. If it were done through wantonness, it is half
fine, if injury results from it ; if it Joes not, there is exemption ; or
there is full fine upon the person who causes the scaring, whether in
a place of security or iu a place of insecurity, if it be done for the
purpose of inflicting injury.

For carrying a boy on the back into a house, i.e. that his head may
not strike, i.e. if he brings him so as that his head does strike, or if he does not bring
him so as that his he;!.! m:iy not strike, i.e. \vhf-n it i< for a han<tn>ial-f>aq*ise,
ttjQiiffh-itnfcrff'tuny flotte, there is restitution for it at the least ; or whatever be the
cause for which he was br.mght into the house, provided it was not done designedly,
the thing which is for it (i.e. restitution) has a stay of three days.

If it was a sensible adult that carried the child on his back into
the house, whether the construction of the house be lawful or unlaw-
ful, the owner of the house is free, because it was a sensible adult
that committed the injury ; and the sensible adult who committed
the injury, shall pay but one third of restitution for it, unless he saw
the dangerous thing." If he saw the dangerous thing, and that he . i r . Spike*
did not think that he would have come in contact with it, he shall m s P ears -
pay full restitution.

If it was a non-sensible person that carried the child on his back
into the house, if the construction of the house was unlawful, there is
half restitution upon the owner of the house then. If the construction
of the house be lawful, there is half restitution on the non-sensible
person.

If it be a youth at the age of paying half ' dire'-fine, that has
committed the injury, he pays the two-sevenths of the third of
restitution, unlesiThe saw the dangerous thing ; and if he did, he
pays one-tenth of restitution.

If it be a jouth aU^ejige_ojt a%ing restitution, that has com- / r -
mitted the injury, he pays one-fourteenth of one-third of restitution
for it, if he did not see the dangerous thing ; and if he did, he pays
one-fourteenth of restitution: and equal responsibility detaches the
half from each of them ; or, according to otters, equal responsibility
does not detach any thing from them at all.

Another version. If it be a youth at the age of paying half 'dire'-
fine that has committed the injury, he pays four-sevenths of one-
third of restitution, if he did not see the dangerous thing ; and if
he did, he pays four-sevenths of restitution.

N 2

180 Senchtir

DISTRESS. TTlafa mac i naip ica cnch^ina T>O fiipn 111 captain, pecrmat>
Cfun tia aicgma ua-o, rrnifla accro bqui no ptega; ocup mac
connate, ip peccmaTJ n-airgina uaT>; no Tiono CID be T)iiine t>o
jxigne m captain, muna accaiT) bqxa no pte^a, 1 plan t>o.

f 1 mip. men-o, .1. miati mna coppcha, .1. gan a mian a cabaipc T>I, .1.
(/Til $5i-ty 6 & pip fern, ocup ap TJaigm pecuacca no cpunnacca po gabat) im m

mbiaT> ann, no cumaT> an. 73015111 epba. Ocup a puil aim an. cpeipi, .1. in
coipp'oipe. 1 tn papuppach mban pyvi uatne, .1. T>O bpett lenim;
aichgin inn anup l.U5aT>e; no in cupcac tp can. t>o bepayv an. na mnaib
ivfiip in uaicin, 111 tujvcsal, ocup ni bejvenn pe -oecbifiefy 1n eipic put, OITD
an. cn.eip, .1. upcach paep T>O bein. m ben pjxi uaicne, no a bpipt) oc a
gabat, no a maixbat) a geme, .1. an upcac T>O beiji-pT>e [TIO] T>enam le T>O m
C. 798. v ia nT>enco|v, .1. paDnaipe fia. conig in ben vt^ 1 liuaicni, [cemp accopaip,
iaip popcgelt pep T>a nibep, no ap TJO nimaipg ach gab'ailjruet qutro uepiup

-no frf T^ V liepc, pcronaipe mna, no pppa na_coing'6 in ben, in ben ppi uaicm, senap

-?C. 798. co_bup taif popcgeW, pep -oa inbep, np_an, Ji;inin_e5 [arcligabait] -DO, mac

"

_ _

-.* beta in ben T>on coipcep. "Coipchet) cap apuT), .1. cap a f-apaja'D

" *h/ "^ * b 1(?e1 "' " a cu T c1 ii' " a I-" 1 " 6 ' eneclann co bay, ocup coipT>ipe lap mba-p ;

uaip ciT> compaice m fuaxach, if anpoc m eipitcm ; ocuf ip ann pin TX>
logabap m c-anpoc lanv'acach. &cen mipe, .1. eneclann uit TDon pig ap,
cpetp, no cpian nenectamne mci oca mbi ana popcup, .1. muna copa
opuc'h ap CU1CC1.J ben na caipic a ^mnui, .1. in brn v^i?;. ' a
tanamnup, .1. im -oiablaT) a jjmmpaTO, .1. mi pia n-apaic ocup mi tap
n-apaic. puba n-inroa, .1. pipoca ip in lepuiTi, .1. cnam copaic, .1. ant>-
uftegap eneclann, .1. a ben T>O bpeic ua-6, .1. cona bi cuaUtnig tanamnup.
Cottu'D inbpechi, .1. a tenure, .1. nem-out cuice na miT>a, .1. ipper> apap
oepiT>e, .1. 5bat cumamg, no claim>e, .1. na .p. upiaca compepca. 1m- /'C tz-o^
apchop aupcha, .1. cipe TJO gne, .1. tet pac ann o ciucpa -pogail: ocup Wf(
anpoc pin mil. ID i imp DO cop -DO coin, .1. -oa ppomaT), .1. im pmacc
} D m com, no meclan, .1. ppoma upca -oup m bu-o amampi; tecT>ipi m-o, aip
m fo fat mapb'ca, .1. ppomcro vetmaip, .1. vpomaT) na pipoc; ocup anpoc
imjeicbipe tie. "Dancmip -DO bpeich o pin. bepa ai, .1. cupa-o mip,
.1. no bpeicTi on pp ip a hae he, .1. T>iablat> in cupa-mip no eneclann, .1.
amail yvo bepca o Coinculann ; eneclann anT) a]\ cpeipi.

. **

c-W fot CM <

1 Morsel. See Battle of Moira, p. 71, from which it appears that the marrow-
bone belonged to the champion.

SENCHUS MOR. 181

If it be a youth at the age of paying restitution, that has committed DISTRESS.
the injury, he pays one-seventh of the third of restitution, if he did
not see the dangerous thing ; and if he did see it, he pays one-
seventh of restitution ; or, indeed, according to some, whoever com-
mitted the injury, if he did not see the dangerous thing, he is free.

For the longed-for morsel, i.e. the longing of a pregnant woman, i.e. what
she longs for not being given her, i.e. by her own husband, and it was through
penuriousness or niggardliness the food was withheld on this occasion, or it was in
wantonness. The fine which is for it has a stay of three days, i.e. body-fine. For
the oath of a woman in childbirth, i.e, in bringing forth a child; there is
restitution for it at the least ; or it means the disgraceful riultlll? (' in turthach
is tar') offered the woman which brings on premature labour, i.e. the painful vio-
lence, and it is not in natural course she brings forth. The ' eric-fine' which is for
it has a stay of three days, i.e. the Jiigiuinful violence ('urthach saer') wlik-h ,
br'nr-i ft womfln t n prcnifttirf' labour, or injures her person, or kills her child, i.e. the
oath which she takes is to be made by her who makes it before a iritnus, to whom
it is made, i.e. the witness before whom the woman in labour swore may prove it,
should the witness wish to do so, against the man from whom he takes, or on
whom he levies the distress ; or, what is more correct, it may be the evidence of the
woman herself, or of the man before whom the woman, i.e. the woman in labour,
had sworn, (hat is taken; should he wish to prove it against the man from whom
he takes, or on whom he levies distress, if the woman dies hi childbirth.
Getting a woman with child notwithstanding being forbidden, i.e.
Jf he_bail violptnil her, "r WM fnrliiddrn by-hrr parents or her tribe ; there is
honor-price till death, and body-fine after death; for though the violation is fJ. Cg^ p 3-T/ '
intentional, the death is unintentional ; and here the unintentional act is found
subject to full fine. Violating a mad woman, i.e. there is honor-price to
the king, with a stay of three days, or one-third of the honor-price of the person
who owns her for violating her, i.e. unless being a fool extends it to five
days. Incapacitating a woman for her work, i.e. the ravished woman,
i.e. cohabiting with her, i.e. for double the value of her work, i.e. a month before
parturition and a month after parturition. Bed witchcraft, i.e. charms in the
bed, i.e. the ' cosait'-bone, i.e. for which honor-price is due, i.e. to take away a
person's wife from him, i.e. so that he is not able to cohabit with her. I^aglecting
cohabitation, i.e. li>tle-uness, i.e. not going to her hi her bed, i.e. what results
from this, i.e. a narrow passage fur childbearing, i.e. for this the fine for closing
the childbearing passage is due. Carrying love charms, i.e. whoever does so,
i.e. lie fiinU pity half fine for it where injury results: and all this is without evil
intent. Setting the charmed morsel for a dog, i.e. to prove it, i.e. the
' smachf-fine for the dog, or the honor-price, i.e. to test a cHarm, to see if it has ii '>H4&ic<*l ft )
its virtue; there is half 'dire'-fine for it, for it was not with the intent to kill, i.e.
it was to prove a charm, i.e. to prove enchantments; and it is an unnecessary unin-
tentional act. Carrying away the hero's morsel from the person to
whom it belongs, i.e. the hero's morsel, 1 i.e. to carry it away from the man
whose it is, i.e. the fine is double the hero's morsel or honor-price, i.e. as it was
carried away from Cuchullainu ; there is honor-price for it, with three days' stay.

182 / Senchup ITIop.

v

T-

pnobpecha, pne bpecha, opbpeca, mtiipbperha, T)o
neoch T)o ptupmiup, a naichgm pop tun, a nT)ipe pop
cpeip, ache ni po^coiple ctncehe T>e a ctmitechcaib

S~ piTjbfxecha, .1. im pT> mipcbail on.oichtc, .1. -DPTO, .1. acfuibainx cuaf
m pro. pme bfiectia, .1. im co-p,t)f TOim [.i.] im conuf cfieibi. Of
bjieca, .1. im cojxuf Lm, im cam n-mbin.. Til uiyibfxecVia, .1. im caich-
mi cafcaip, TIO cunroe, .1.

ITla T>on\aiT> nech T>O gon-c, ocuf ma alam aicin, if fon. otigef)
/ami m airbgm, ocuf a TTDifii fof^ rp,eifi. 1fei> a cumbaifi cf-a,
aichgm cfieifi T>O imaifig pne bf^era, of lbf,eta 7fit ; on iiain.
fojellairhefi, if etcm a nairhgm T>O catftic aft ame, ocuf a,ntiifte

rafv cf^eifi, T)O neoch T>O fiuifurnuf, .1. TIO nech n,o fiempxrofi uni-
on, fioniaitin a\i cfceifi, .1. each m oca

15 CCnaicTipin fofi um, .1. anar> name \?ofi cac naichj;m -DO funn.miiif.
CC n-oi^xe v oi p. ci\eifi, .1. ana-6 cyieifi fop. in ni if Dip, arm, po|x m
fmacc ocuf vof- irl eneclamn. OCchc ni v coifte cuicchi T>e, .1.
(dicro cuicci an, na fecaiB cuicci, .1. cjvia oecbiiaiuf -oonT)! ; ifeT) m olije'D
DO fiui^tnuf \x>\i cjxeip; a n-aicpn uiti ?o\\ am. Cuicchi Tie, .1. no
2mbteoj:ain niFTxmach, .1. T>1 cyxeifi, .1. voi 1 cn,eip a aicTigm, a fmacca
pojt cuicci. CC cumlechcaib v e " l1 > ' comfleccib m -pemechaif.

Cm T)o iiiT)ui, cm T>o lapmtn, cm caca comocaip co
$Wls a pecc Tiec ic ^leirhi pop ctucci, a|i"^a napcnai each a

napaT) ap^a copaib each a plan.

,J5~Cin caca comocaif, .1. feoic ame fio T>lecc T)ib, .1. im feoic tiume,

an, if ana'D amic ocuf a riui poyi c^ieif t, ocuf a anaTi -pa-oeipn pojx um

feocu uine in fo utli. Co a f ecc -oec, .1. in c-inbteogum.
poii cuicci, .1. ic byieitemnaise-o, .1. feoic aine 110 T>lecc Tub aim, ocuf in
cmbteogam meT>onach no-o ben, co cuicci. CCn. a tiafcnoi, .1. coyvo, .1.
VOT 1 1" V e T>. a f a cm T 1 5 C[ 1T 1 ' ann > ' ' DO "' D1 1tlia ngabcayv cmaT>, .1. cuyia-
huafat inTifaigfo mcac no bei^ in capa-o a cofvaccain DO ineich no
f lainngenT) o bi-obaiT) a coiche'6; 110 cun uatf gnia an each ?o\i a cabatn.

1 Above Vide supra, p. 135.

Consumed by Vide supra, p. 129.

The pledge is given. la C. 799, the rcailin;; is em pon. nuin '"T 1 V U 'S (1 '
brvicemon mibi, ocuf if OII-D posellcayvfi'De iai\ cabuin.c laif -oo biT>baT>
a acrijjabail in pecemon ian nanaD. Quickly on one day after the dtti-
sion of the Brehon upon it, and the time that he decides is after the defendant has
taken off with him the distress of the plaintiff after the stay.

SENCHUS MOR. 183

Woodjudgments, family judgments, \tatfir_judg- Dis^A ^^T
ments, sea judgments, such as I have enumerated, (f/K2.f f \
have their restitution upon one day, their 'dire'-fine
upon three days, except some that are extended to
five days by the exceptions of the Feini. <J "~ t " <** -^*W ^, ^ ,

Wood judgments, i.e. respecting timber for erecting a bridge, i.e. the sacred
wood, i.e. what I have said above 1 respecting wood. Family judgments, i.e
what is right respecting the fort, i.e. what is right respecting the house. Water
judgments, i.e. what is right respecting nets, the law respecting rivers. Sea
judgments, i.e. for what is consumed by a the party from the sea, Le. the
foreigners.

If any one has injured thy field, and if restitution -betrbtfti&ed, the
restitution comes under the rule of one day's stay, and the ' dire '-fine
under that of three. The summary of it is, however, that the family
judgments, and the water judgments, &c., have their restitution upon Uuj-jh

three days ; from the time that the pledge io guan, 3 the restitution
must he forthcoming in one day, and the ' dire '-fine in three days,
in each case I have enumerated, i.e. in each case I have spoken of
before as a case of three days, i.e. every thing thaUs-as ' smacht'-tine. jrr wfah &H1 lA /'J

Their restitution upon one day, i.e. there is a stay of one day upon every
restitution which I have enumerated. Their 'dire'-fine upon three days, i.e.
there is a stay of three days upon what is due as fine for it, i.e. upon the 'smacht'-
fine and upon the honor-price. Except some that are extended to five days,
i.e. there is a *tay of live days upon the ' seds ' of five days, i.e. this is done through
necessity ; I have enumerated the law relating to them upon three days ; the restitu-
tion of them all is upon one day. To five days, Le. or the middle kinsman, i.e. upon
three days, i.e his restitution is upon three days, his ' smacht '-fine upon five days.
By the ejm^jtions of the Feini, i.e. from the tyo^piyns made in the Fenechus.

The default of thy great-grandson, the default of thy
great ^great-grandson, the default of every relative as
far as seventeen Je-feed-to five days, to which all ex-
tend their notice by which all secure their safety.

The default of every relative, i.e. a'sed' of one day is due of them, i.e. re-
specting 'seds' of one day, for the stay on account of a person's son and his grand-
.-nn is three days, and on his own account the stay is one day; this is all about
.Mils' of one day's rtay. As far as seventeen, i.e. kinsmen. Is fixed to five
days, i.e. it was adjudicated, i.e. 'seds' of one day were due of them here, and the
middle kinsman being sued extends it to five days. To which all extend their
notice, i.e. until it reaches to it, i.e. upon the man whose default is sued for in the
case, i.e. to the person for whose default it is taken, i.e. every one who serves the
notice proceeds to obtain for himself that which indemnifies him from the defaulter;

w&W, jjjic, fa cAut/n/*- C 7??

184 Senchiif

in apa-6 mi cmaiT> in patlaig ro, cobach neich nyo rlanm^tey. -oon

ii 1 ."> 1 .

_ pallac po ip a cm acafiap, ain,. QCfva BOfiaiD each a iplan, .1. T>
a nuns, ! in each TJO fiac 111 apa7> am no flanaij;e on each
achgabuil.

I ^rCCchsabail cui.cclir i matib^abail, 1
nemchaiiiecc pep,caT) T>O plartia, mi ucqia
^m cobach T)o como^baib piji men lib, mi a iimTiaT) ia^ :-' T..

na ecaib'J im gumai'oeam mna maiiib, im a finTDaT)
na ecaib, im 'Din'orff 'Dainechai'De, mi a eijuc iafi
; im toxal carnane, im cnincfD caclia peT)a, nn 'De

i 'R<jlMilM< V Orf? I

uacc bjion, im aicnne n-apcna, nn cnniaiT) T)o mimai|lc, 5/
hi poxat aji aep pofiaqie, im claite alia poji p,tn), poji
umaT), mi ftfc flabjaa aTmrole, im eocha, im T>amu naT)
b^cbificefa, im putufa cacha cechpxt ria cofibenac, nn
/<r{iubu jxMclilige, im fiubu ceclijia, nn caiyreltach cuaice,
im cmaiD meic Tieofiai'O, im Ttm^bail mic baicp^e, im
v*jz(i ce^c ptiT) ca^ cp,ich, im imcliomuf n-m^e, impn lef ^
anma, im ju-lnit) mec a ojib, im each ncrobujifria ]io
riojna jio qaucliaisdiep,.

CCchgabait cuicci 1 mayvbgabail, .1. bo co na jamainTi i cennmje,
.1. in \:lmt oo^boing, ocuy if a pui|ii|iiuT) gmma (nle acti, m

Q'rJ jj %j gabup, im in m -oie^nf. laipn map.b rnbo co n-a nieipcin (1

m t>me oan.ca'Da-

f ni piil in a fan&fie m comofvba, uaifi if no na ceilib
i^nlegap, cennaijelna flora TIO ic, octif a gabail aj\. cimcell -DO na
oaeyi ceilib co ivoib cfiian loj enecli na plartia ann ; ocuf mbleo-
gam nofbeiyi co q\eifi, ocuf aciia -po^ focharoe noc beip, co

i Last Jleece. 'Tiuglomrad,' here translated last fleece, in C. 799 is glossed
' Tigthine,' last food.

SENCHUS MOR. 185

or the person upon whom the notice is served for the default of a person, makes the DISTRESS.

distraint of that which indemnifies him from the person for -whose default he has been

sued. By which all secure their safety, i.e. from the defendant, i.e. every
one who serves notice takes that which indemnifies him from those he distrains.

Distress of five days' stay for dead-seizure, for the
last fleeee, 1 for not erecting the tomb of thy chief, for
suing between two deaths, for distraining the heirs of
a dead man, for satirizing him after his death, for
false boasting of a dead woman, for satirizing her after
her death, distress for the oath of secret murder, for its
'eric'-fine after it has been discovered, for carrying off
an animal's covering, for causing to wither any kind
of tree, for making a millstone, for giving in charge
improperly, for the loss on account of thy bad place
of custody, for carrying off from watchmen, for
piercing a cliff for iron ore, for copper ore, for dry
animals among_estle, for horses, for oxen not fit for
work, for the young of all animals which are not pro-
fitable, for animals that scrape, for four-footed animals,
for the runner of a territory, for the crime of the son
of a stranger, for taking ca-ro of the son of a harlot,
for the right of a poet egesaing a-territory, for /satire
unascertained as to kind, for/ a nickname, for the
wrongfully suing of a son respecting land, for every
material which is not adjusted, or shaped into form.

Distress of five days' stay for dead-seizure, i.e. a cow with its hide_A
pays for chiefs head payment, i.e. the chief exacts it, and it is in lieu of other service
it is given, i.e. the distress which is taken for the thing which is due along with the
dead cow and its ' meistin mesam dine dartada.'

And the heir in this case has not the wealth of his rank, for the
tenants are bound to pay the head payment of the chief, and it is taken
in the round from the base tenants until it amounts to one-third of
the honor-price of the chief; and the kinsman being sued extends
the time to three days, and suing from many extends it to five ; or

Sending TTlofi.

DISTRESS, cuicci ; no inT>einiin m T>le5ap, m cenT>aici, no cen a naiT>m, ifi-f>
7)0f betp co cuicci ; bo cac aen pip T)iB a ecpocap, no fecc nibn
a lm uile t>on eclaif a cpocaipe o ceilib m 1115.

1 ci uglom fiat), .1. i pojxba na bliaona tio a cititi lee bliatma if Tnajxb'

if lie; ociif T>atna fieiihe, ip cecpanj ^an m in-o, .1. in biai> canuij'e ecu on

ceili, mutia cainic annyeix bicrea in can ac-bac m plaic, .1. buco tia

blm-ona 1 n-abuil, oc\if m he pem T>O boinge, ocuf \<p e m ^niacc pi yunT).

O'D. 83. [bmii ptaca cecgiatlna a^x cjieif 1, ocup ocp.a pochuroe beip, cu cmcci.]

TTlcro m plait cimgaiaaf a bicro on ceili 6 callaim> co himc, q-
,o anaT) name pop. m achgabml gebuf ime. TnaT)a comopba in pp,
fin cnngapuf m mbaiT) fin, if anat> cpeifi, ump if mbleogam
faigci, no ni bi fop rpebaipi. TTIunab 1 n-mbait> fin nmgapaf,
ifeT) Dom beip -DO cpeifi fop ctncei,arhait if beip: "1 puc fenech-
aif m naf cac cunia coniopba o pacaib ponarhaii 1 parhap."
' T*nA/i<Ur i- Tuf-UtiA

>rf~1m nemchaifiecc peyxcat) -oo placha, .1. im nemciaccam no

O'D. 83. t>enam ulait> cumT>acc imm plair. [1n fmacc] uil ann ap, cjxeifi ; acjxa

pofi fochai'01, jfii. T>|xi f eoic, .1. c|vi famaifci hi peficaT>, ma TXO mpca-6

cif, .1. aichgm in pejxca jp cixeij^, 1)015 *" ne V eltl " boinj; a fmacc psjx

cuicci, .1. teofva famaifci poyxf 111 ceile, mi nemctaccam t)O aronacul na

te ptaca.

1m accn-a icip, cfioaibJ.i. tcin. Tia comoyxba btf trnm acp.crDjCiTi
neccayv tie acbala, -DO ixof a cfieifi, T>ai5 if anTiif TIO ixoich cuicti.-^8.TC\ 04*11 a/4\jL :

V-1. colann eipic TIO ctunjiTi, no neccaip t>tb ac acpa ap a
cfio na flacha no cpo m ceiti ; no unm comaccpa t>o mac a
?f comapba m locca po cpoaijet) anu, comapba na flata ac acpa
cipuaipfi m biT), ocuf comapba m ceile oc acpa cipuaipfi m
paca, ocuf m f eoic cupctait>i ; ocuf cm mbleogam t>o each tub cm
a ceiti, ocuf inbleogam nof beip, co cpeifi, acpa pop fochaiTM,
no ncfaai na fee nof beip 1 ctucci.

ji '

v

a S.D These letters indicate the name of some author or book, an authority upon
the subject of the text.

SENCHUS MOR. 187

what is due for the chief's head payment is uncertain, or it is not DISTRESS.
secured by a contract, and this is what extends the time to five days :
a cow for every man of them is the severe fine, or seven cows, the
whole number, from the tenants of the king to the Church is the
lenient fine.

For the last fleece, i.e. at the end of the year or at the end of half a year
he (the chief) dies ; and if he die before it, the opinion is that nothing is due in
that case. i.e. the second food-rent upon the death is due from the tenant, if the
time of supplying the food-rent had not arrived when the chief died, i.e. the food-
rent of the year in which he died, and it is not himself that exacts it, and it is the
' smacht'-fine that is here. The food-ren< of the chief of first claim has a stay of
three days, and suing from many extends it to five days.

If it be the chief who k^iee the food-rend from the tenant/from
the calends of January till Shrovetide, there is a stay of one day
upon the distress that he takes for it. Tf it be the heir of the man
that kwws it within that time, there is a stay of three days, for it is
a kinsman that sues, or it is not upon security. If it be not within
that time he levies it, it is extended from three to five days, as-$e ^,
-*rw says>^Xhroughout the Fenchus'4t is not .enjoined that the
heir who is bound by guarantees ' i rathar.' "

For not erecting the tomb of thy chief, i.e. for not coming to erect the J.30f-
protecting tomb over the chief. The ' smacht'-fine which is for it has a stay of
three days ; suing from several extends It, &c. Three ' seds, i.e. three three-year old
heifers for the tomb, if it has been mortal by them, i.e. there is restitution for
the tomb in three days, because it is not himself that exacts it; its ' smacht '-fine is
in five days, i.e. there are three three-year old heifers as a fine upon the tenants for
not coming to bury the chief.

For suing between two deaths, i.e. between two heirs who are concerned in
the suit, if either of them should die, it shall extend it to three days, the two would
extend it to five days. S.D. 1

That is, body-fine is demanded, or either of them sued the other
for the property of the chief or the property of the tenant ; or the
case is respecting the mutual suing which the heirs of both the par-
tics deceased make in this case, i.e. the heir of the chief suing for
what is due of the food-rent, and the heir of the tenant suing for
what is due of the stock given, and the bounty-' seds'; and the de-
fault of the one in relation to the other is ai the default of a kins-
man, and a kinsman being sued extends the time to three days, suing
from several, or ttar^efei-beiag^ilitlcj of necessity extends it to
five days.

188

TTloji.

DISTRESS. 1m cobach DO comap.baib pip, maip,b, .1. coman.ba placa maipb',
ocuy ceile maip.b, .1. comap.ba na placa oc acp.a tin.uain.yi in biT>, ocuy
comap.bam ceili oc acc]xa tip.uaip.yi m fxacha. Itibleogam co tp^eip; uc. T-"
pop, yocharoi co cuicci, .1. iy inbleogain, ocuy m pi ma yai[]bp.i ; no oono,
j-nip.eplam c-achaip,ma bechait) pluy. 1ma p-irnKfrj ian.na ecaib,
1. eneclann puil ann ap.cn.eiyi; ocuy anpy ca cinel aip,e noy beip, pop.
cuicci, .1. iy mbleojam ocuy ni puil m yarabpe; no -oono nip. epla m
cachaip, m a becliaro, .1. aep. lap. n-ecaib iyyet> pot>pp.a ana* a eneclamne
pop, cuicci pon coin, cetna. 1m 5umaiT>eam mna maip,b, .1. im in
maiT>m ngua T>O bepan, an, m mnai niaip,b', .1. pon coin, cecna -oms if
eneclann, .1. eneclann ann ap, cp.eip, ocuy nembeic na yaiT>bp.i beipiuy co
cuicci. 1m ap.in-oaT> mix necaib, .1. eneclann -DI na naepaT), .1. atcan-
tam aip.e. 1m om'Diy "DumethaiT>e, .1. luiji na T)UinecaiT)e an. cuicci;
iye-6 poT>epa m oumetai'oe ap,lcuicci ap, [mei-o] in cuil ocuy ap. mem na
/rpach; iy aip.e nac pop. cn.eiyi. 1ma eip,ic mp, na pif, .1. coip.pT>ip.e na
oumecaitii ap. cuicci, .1. a]X mec a cuil [cm co] ce TX> necmti bay [iy 6
O'D. 84. -Decb'in.]. 1m poial camcip,e, .1. meiclnn. biy im caipi-o claim, .T. po)i-
bpaca mil, .1. cuma biy meicip. cac -oaca ann, in tuap.can. CC niabla'i) an,
cp,eiyi, .1. in m camchap. cap. in laej, in cuapcun: ruprlann uil anr>, ocuy
>. in mbleogam gacaiT)! betp.iy co cpeiyi; acria^yochaiTie co cuicce, .1. T>ti jff 1
1111151 a ftnacc. 1m cp,inaT> cacha peT>a, .1. oi]\i in petia comaicefa,
.1. afmacc ap,cpeifi, .1. m-aynomaT). 1m Tjenum liacc bp.on, .1. if
i cec cepca ap, cuicce, yi cet up.lum ap. cpeiyi, yi Ian up,lum ap, aine.
1m aichnen-aptha, .1. mbleogam -co cm in gacaiTii, ocup p.e pp,ia lapcnn.
kti d ki ' L' fii a<ra ' 1 ' c T>- ei r' r 6110 1la 'otejun, co cuicci, .1. in achgabuil gabujx nn in ni ^xo
'"f epleycap. aice, .1. 5 aic. 1m chmaiT) T,O mimai*(c, .1. TO) comla, .1. a
U. &ma*MjM- mbep-ap. pop. T>O oop.uy amach, .1. cm mbleogam T>O cm na comla; mbleo-

gam beipiy co tpetp, yena na "olegan. co cuicci, .1. a mbeip, pop, T>op,uf in
cigi, .1. ni e paDeiyin bp.onnuy ; ocuf T)ombeip, inbleogatn co c]xeifi, ocuf
jopp,ia infaipT) p,ofai5 cuicci, .1. -DO comla pon ngne cecna, .1. coiccenn -DO
cuaich anunT), if aipe if pop, cuicci. 1l i poxal ap, aef pon,aip.e, .1.
in ftrtact puil an, luce na nop.cp.ich, -oa ixucchap. feoic na cp,ichi feocha
amac, .1. feoit cp,eip "ocuf pop. focharoi." 1m claiT>e alia pop, n,ur)
. IL :vea\ VOT- umat), -1. pop,oiT), .1. m P.UT> no in tuma pop, a claicep. m aill, .1. in

' 3f ttan,p.ann ma caep.aib, ocuf m cuma ma cmmb Jno in cuma ma cloicib ujx

^"-OV-I cuica, na canalaig ap. c|xeip, na aic-oib up.luma ap, aine. 1n p,u na

1 Difference. In O'D. 84, the reading is cfo T>O necmon baf 1^ 6 oecbi^. It
should be cm co necmat) bap if o T>ecBiri. If the person was left for dead and
concealed, though he should recover, the crime is the same, because secret murder
was meditated, and believed by the assailant to have been perpetrated.

2 Five days. The passage above, from "i.e. thy gate" to "days," is in a dif-
ferent hand, and seems to have been interpolated into the manuscript.

SENCHUS SIOR. 189

For distraining the heirs of a dead man, i.e. the heir of a deceased chief, DISTRESS.

and of a deceased tenant, i.e. the heir of the chief suing for what i" dae of the food- Hi,

.ind the heir of the tenant suing for whatuS-due-flf the stock giren. The
kinsman being sued extends the time to three days; suing from many to five days,
i.e. it is a kinsman that is sued, and he has not the wealth of his rank ; or else the
father is not any lunger a!i\f. For sat irizing him after his death, i.e. there
is honor-price for it in three days ; and ignorance as to the kind of satire extends
it to five days, i.e. it is a kinsman that is sued, and he has not the wealth of his

rank ; or indeed the father hippimnd tn 1 Inin ur irti i.e. satire after death is

what extends the time of (lie stay of the honor-price to five days in the same way.
For false boasting of a dead woman, i.e. for the false boasting made of adead
woman, i.e. after the same manner, there is honor-price for it, i.e. there is honor-price
for it, with a stay of three days, and not having the wealth of his rank, extends it
to five days. For satirizing her after her death, i.e. there is honor-price pay-
able for satirizing her, i.e. for repeating ^t. For the d^tji of secret murder, i.e. /

'ressfur the oath about secret murder has a stay of five days; and the reason
that the oath about secret murder has a stay of five days, is on account of the enor-
niit v of the crime and the great amount of the fines ; this is the reason that it is not
upon three days. For its 'eric'-fine after it has been discovered, i.e. the
body-fine for the oath about secret murder has a stay of five days, i.e. on accout
of the enormity of the crime, and whether death has or has not ensued makes n-
difference. 1 For carrying away an animal's covering, i.e.'a cloth which is
about a mangy sheep, i.e. the covering of an animal, i.e. it is such that it contains
a cloth of every colour, i.e. the tartan. Its double in three days, i.e. the thing
which is folded over ('camthar tar') the calf, i.e. the tartan; there is honor-
price for it, and the kinsman of the thief being sued, extends it to three days ;
suing from many extends it to five days, i.e. two ounces of silver is the 'smacht'-
fine for it. For causing any kind of tree to wither, i.e. there is 'dire '-fine
for the common wood, i.e. 'smacht'-fine, with a stay of three days, i.e. for stripping
off the bark. For making a millstone, i.e. upon the distress takenfor first form-
ing it there is a stay of five days, for shaping it the stay is three days, for complet-
ing it the stay is one day. For giving in oharge impnrrreTly, i.e. a kinsman
j* toed for the liability of the thief, and the time for prosecuting is in three days ;
denying that it is due extends it to five days, i.e. the distress which is taken re-
specting the thing which he has l,.-t. i.e. the stolen article. For the loss on
account of thy bad place of custody, i.e. thy gate. i.e. for what is carried out-
side thy gate, i.e. the default of thy gate is like the default of a kinsman ; the
kinsman being sued extends it to three days, denying that it is due to five days,
i.e. what is brought outside the door of thy house, i.e. it is not himself that does the
injury ; and the kinsman being sued extends it to three days, and suing from many
extends it to five days, i.e. thy gate in the same way, i.e. it is common to the ter-
ritory without, and this is the reason that its stay is five days. 2 For carrying off
from watchmen, i.e. the fine which is upon the people of the border, if the 'seds'of
the territory are carried out past them. i.e. they are seds ' of three days, " and tuing
from many," ij-c. For piercing a cliff for iron ore, for copper ore,ie.forjion,
i.e. the iron or the copper for which the cliff is pierced, i.e. the iron in .bolts, and
the copper in bars ; or the copper in the mines has a stay of five days, in ' tanalaighs '
of three days, in manufactured articles of one day. The tear- in 'trillsins' has a

190 Senchur 1TI6n.

DISTRESS. tnillfenaib an cuicti, na fcneptaib an rneift, 'net mem no na -DOC

vf.la.rn an ame. -1- cotccent) T>O cuait iffutro, if aine nofaig cuicce. 1m

fife flabna aninT>le, .1. na -Daint, ocuf na "Dap-caDa, no na cotpaca

W ocuf na famafce, .1. na httroliceAte conba. 1m eocha, im T>amu nat>

,r be catncef a, .1. -oo na caimc arnifin, gnimnani ocuf na niaj;aichen. 1 m

puluf a each a cechna, .1. nn mi polofccf no i napf o na cetnaib'; no

if p>illi lof aic ac neoch, .1. -pamaifx:i ocnf colpdca an. cutcct, no T)aii\ci

ocuf oanwna, .1. mincecfxa.

Cm fo -oefia anon ctucn futi-o a]i na TKdfmb, ocuf anati

/ TwrncmiTi ? If e m ^crc im fiacaib cuif, octif cutinafcra TU> -olecr;

icrc funn, ocuf if e an-anaT) but)em m cuicci, m ran if cuntiftat).

Smacc -pogla oca fiomainn; ocuf ife ana* coifv m fmacca m

Na coribenac, .1. noca coiTHchmjec m Tjoneoc in tiain, fin, .1. nacanb-
/* naigec. 1m n," bu voichlige, .1. poclaro, .1. im na nobaib bif an poclae
DibfTOe, .1. bmnb beca ocuf peca ociup oificpeca muc bra 1 n-oejaif) catch,
caillig no eichi voglennac each. 1m n.ubu cechria, .1. na cainb ocuf
na cuUaig, an cuica. 1m chaif cellach cuaice, .1. ftblech pain no]
pn, .1. 7>o T>a cigib arcipf if in cuarc, no pen caichigci cm vaichitl, .1- in
y* gille cunufa; inbteogam beinif co cneif i, fena co cuicti, .1. no aencaig
-DligeT) antifo. 'gabnn T>e bu-oem no TMO lepu-o, anbi caichraec lepcit
nun-oalca acC ainen -n.c. CinaT) mec TjeonaiT), .1. caichigiT) tepa-o
., , ""n'ocilca, .1. m t)eonaiT) Gif 1 yoiciU, .1. cm in T>eonaiT> pern vr- cnetp,
^ cmamicponcuicci;nomacpnbej-TiitnicmaiT 1 eifenianffDe, ocnfDOTja
*igib if in cuaic aitigif, .1. 1 cm mDKro a" core ocuf a cencaitb; mbleogam
beinif co cneifi, acna c pon focaiT>e co cuicti. 1m -oingbail mic
batcf i 5 e, .1. amail oca batcpc cac be caiw'ap. cuicti po cecoin, no an
cuicti an mif, .1. na mna caici cffanaif, .1. -om t>i5ait puinnt m men,T>ne-
cliaif. I

comalruifi T>O finne futit>: fo^ um,fojx rfieifi, pop, cnicrt.
o ninaib me^aib no boT)fvuib yyil, if fop, um ; mem o mnaib
T>tigteca, if f.o|i qaeifi ; moro o baicfecliaib if

1m cenc ptli-o can cnich, .1. an efcepcun r>on pileti gemar) an
T>echmaiT> no neoch eile, cumaD an cuicti T>of um, .1. cebe fee an efcepcuf .
1m imchomuf naine, .1. im mi eimcoimfigten tfa naiji, i n-enectamn
[uil ann an cnetfe], ocuf ampf ca cmeot aine nof bein co cutcri. 1 nu>n

SENCHUS MOR. 191

stay of five days, in ' screpalls ' of three days, in ore or its unprepared state *jf one DISTRESS.
day, i.e. it is common to the country here, and this is the reason that it extends to
five days. For dry animals among cattle, i.e. the young heifers ('dairts')
and the young heifer ('dartadhs,') or the two-year old heifers and the three-
year old heifers, i.e. thexalUJaeoi-tbey-iue-preirtive. For horses, for oxen <yju<j^ 4r( 1** }fafaL -itf
not fit for work, i.e. for which thrir time of work has not arrived, and which f >iv ihc

are not trained. For the young of all animals, i.e. for what increases from
or is produced by the cattle ; or they yield but little of produce for one, i.e. the
three-year old heifers and the two-year old heifers have a stay of five days, or the
young heifers ('dairts' and 'dartadhs'), i.e. the small cattle.

What is the reason that there is a stay of five days upon the
' dairts ' here, and a stay of three days above ? The reason is, they
were due here for debts of bargain and contract, and their own stay
is five days, when it is for a contract. It is fine for trespass that is
referred to above; and the proper stay of the ' smacht '-fine is three
days.

Which are not profitable, i.e. they yield one no produce at that time, i.e.
yield no profit. For animals that scrape, i.e. they scrape, i.e. for the auimalf
which scrape, i.e. little pigs and pets and the smallest pig which follow people,
or cocks or pet birds which follow people. For four-footed animals, i.e. the
bulls and the boars, and their stay is five days. For the runner of a ter-
ritory, i.e. a man who travels within it, i.e. a, paid messenger, who frequents
two houses in the territory, or a man who runs between them without wages, i.e.
the messenger; the kinsman being sued extends it to three days, denial to five
days. i.e. he submits to law in this case. The jine is upon himself or upon his
host," for he frequents a certain bed, and that an act of choice. The crime of *Ir. Bed.
the son of a stranger, i.e. one who frequents a certain bed, i.e. the stranger
who is on hire, i.e. the liability on account of the stranger himself has a stay of
three days, the liability on account of his son has a stay of five days ; or he is the
son of a man who is not responsible for his offence in this case, and he frequents two
houses in the territory, i.e. his liability is upon him who supplied his4ed and his CaJ>
bed ; the kinsman being sued extends it to three days, suing from many extends it to
five days. For taking care of the son of a harlot, i.e. as every harlot is
like the concubine, i.e. the stay is five days at once, or five days and a month, . ^

i.e. the unchaste woman who is known, i.e. to punish her for her prostitution.

Three cases of joint-fosterage are reckoned here : those having a
stay of one day, of three days, of five days. If from mad women or
deaf women, <fec., the stay is one day; if from lawful women it is
three days ; if from harlots it is five days.

For the right of a poet crossing a territory, i.e. as an exception for the
poet, though it should be on ten days for another person, it will be on five days
for him, i.e. the exception applies to any 'sed' whatever. For satire unascer-
tained as to kind, i.e. for the thing which is fixed for the satire, the honor-
price which is for it has a stay of three days, and its not being known what kind

/O

192 Senchur Tn6|i.

DISTRESS, lepanma, .1. in til oca ipn amm ipJUn no if lipca lenuf he, .1. til ep in

- lilejan, 111 eunim, .1. m eneclann uil aim an, qxeipe, nembec tia fait>bn,i

O'D. 86. noc bein. co cmcei. 1m J;UCIUT> mec a oi\b [.i. im in liu-onguccoo bemni

"T 1 1t1 mac T ln P e T lu ' 1T| ]> ' inThmuf ceneoil T>O T>enam T>e, TiuyM napeaib-

Jche)i, no cuitice -DO fwro flip, .1. ma nxro cuibce VF-'f "V'f " llcc PP- V'"" >"

an, 1^ lee in pn^ Ian ma 50; in eneclunn pit ann in, c]\eip. 1m cacn

naT>b^ na yio cuinT>n,i5cTie|i, no tia n,o cfiuc naigcnen., .1- mem

ian.mT), .1- na t>encan, T>O caniT)in,ec1i T>O cn,ur1ni5aT), .1. m cixatiT) cec cepca

an, cute taici, cec uiiluin an. cn,eip, tan upturn an, ame, .1. cen cen'omila-

|">pccllac1i each jurofuro, achgabail oeclirnai'oe pil 1111
each fiuT)n,aT), im each iroail cfuche, im inbleogam
naicifii caiffDe, im cobach a flam ; achsabail -lobinp,
T)ia mbe pp.1 jaimniu, achjabail lobtup, ecunTO co p,o
gleBCifl maichp,e ocuf aichjie t)uf cet>a lina no DO
K gella.

Pattach each n,UT>n,aT), .1. cicul, .1. ip vaill 05 T>O neoch a yeoic T>O
- lot-- ^ e1 * ^T arnu '5 T 16 comae n,u-Dan,ta, .1. mi peanpnun, cinaro, ocuy^ im

S-~0- CCchgabait oecmai'De, .1. im cac m bip n.e nech
amuich n.e comae n.u'oaixca, CIT> be pec he cema yec aine an, aijiT) bu-oein;
ior>' ait aiiTolrijiT) an, m ci i\o puiixig imuig he yie comae n,uT>an,ca, connD
anat> "oechmaTOe aiiv,M. Tjecmaroe im cn,ich, ocu-p an,T>n,ac tnuijje oo lym
cjxich call tan, pn lacaeb na oecmai'De.^ 1m each nt)ail cliche, .1.
O'D. 86. bein.1t> co oecmaiT) e no gro cutUtcim, .1. ana'6 T>ecmaiT>e [mari] im cn.ich
im na h-uib yecu cen pegaT) muigi na inbleogam, .1. -DO cac T>ume o buj^
can, c.ich c|vicha cec, .1. each n-oait ucaixcan, can. m cn,ich ; cm mo ca in
piliT). 1m mbleogain naicin,i cain.T>e, .1. inu h-aicijie an, a nacayican.
cm inbteogam 1 cain/oi, an, m puit ylan teo [cmce] co poec oecmat) [in]
O'D. 86. alacn,ich. [CC -oen, ipin cain.T>e], aici]ii m pecheman coiche-oa T>O t'v< -ir

O'D. 87. aicim in biT>buit> leo amach [po ecur-c achgab'ala ca^ in cn,ich co -\\u

t^Ajc\*l 'WitL?l ' . r HW. c -i

'i^buic a cumuiT)] fii n,e oecmaroe, ocu-p i-p i -pn oecma'D |aicin.i ann, noja

oein, ann, .1. bfxeic caiix-ot, uain. 1-p im cn,ich, .1. pn.1 fie T>ecmait>e bic a cig
v ecneman coicherxx. 1m cobuch a Y'tain, .1. im jcobach nee no flun-
aigcep, T)on vechemam cajx cjuch, ocuy if oo pechemam -oafi cjxich

SEXCI1US MOR. 193

of satire it is extends it to five days. Foranickname(' lesanma'), i.e. the thing DISTRESS.

that is for the name which is an annoyance ('ainm is lenj) or which constantly

sticks to a person ('is lista lenus'), i.e. when it is not" known whether the name

will stick at all; the honor-price which is for it has a stay of three days, not

having the wealth of his rank extends it to five days. For the wrongful

suing of a son respecting land, i.e. for the wrongful suit which is brought g^

against the son respecting the land, i.e. to cjueitwn his legitimacy to see if he

should be retained, or be called a bastard, i.e. if he is called a bastard it is to be

determined whether it is true or false, for if it l.e true it is half honor-price, if it

be false it is full; 'the honor-price which is for it has a. stay of three days.

For every material which is not adjusted or shaped into form, i.e.

iron ore, i.e. which is not shaped into any regular form, i.e. the bar first shaped has

a stay of five days, in the first stage of its preparation (i.e. as malleable iron) of

three days, fully prepared of one day, i.e. without ornaments.

Every prescription is a neglect, there is distress of
ten days for every prescription, for every territorial
meeting, for WL&4Sflma>n of a*h^iaage m an-wtertem-
torial-Hiatter, for levying wftat inSemriilres himj dis^ ^^^ t?
tress from a sick man if he is on the hides, distress from
a sick imbecile until^the mother's and the father's
" ; which of the two parties shall give a pledge.

Every prescription is a neglect, i.e. title, i.e. it is perfect neglect for one
to have his ' seds ' out from him during the period of prescription, i.e. for crimes of
old standing, and for old expired contracts S.D. Distress of ten days,
i.e. for every thing that is out from a person during the period of prescription,
whatever kind of 'sed' it is even though a 'sed' of one day's stay in itself; to
avenge his illegality upon the person who detained it outside during the period of
prescription, so that there is a stay of ten days upon it, i.e. ten days respecting
the territory onts!r!e. and there is further time allowed him afterwards in the terri-
tory within, besides the stay of ten days. For every territorial meeting, i.e.
it is extended to ten days, or it may be an immediate distress, i.e. there U a stay
of ten days in the case of the territory for all 'seds' without regard of place or
kinsman, i.e. to every person when it is outside a cantred, i.e. every meeting which
is required beyond the territory; but there is an exception in the case of the poet.
For tb*-4H*f)Hm--.tlie t^taa-^-jfUt^^griygiTt^"^* 1 ' le -

f,t tO C^X*^ fa/f &< F^HtW' *^ l^vfct*^*!*^ 1**??lI*W^iC

*t the hestage ei- whorrTihe liability of a kuisimw demanded mi*r _arr ^njIeTfem-
torial^ifigulation, for they have no esieiuptwm until they ^oifc*-W days intq
another territory. It is said in the interterritorial law, the -hoc.Ugos of the plaintiff
bring the hostages of the defendant with them out over the, boundary by way of
distress for the space of ten days, and this is the ten days|pf the hostage in the
case, or]that uSfi&Med in the case. }/ i ; e^ the sentence of the interterritorial law,
for it is respecting a Wntory,' "i.e. for the space of ten days he remains in the
house of the plaintiff, For levying what indemnifies him, i.e. for levying
the thing which indemnifies him from the suitor outside the territory ; and it is

O

Senchup 1^

DISTRESS, no mi cobach 111 contra n-einct oct^tf mine; ciagatr co cech atrtnt
bi-obut-6. CCthsab'atl lobui^ -oia nibe vi'-' Fmtinnu, .1. aclisab
gabun. -oon -Dutne Cf-uas mtroia n,otb f e ocuf a taeb n-if na jenintb. .1
apcro OCU F ^ofca* T 10 unvaem t cuiibaro, m uf m i\o

Tlo yaem coich octif ye net co^ban), ocuy pa in cu^baiT) na m
oecmcro, ocuy pa m oecinat) ina ancro aicinca na fee, ocuy puillet>
on ruyxbaif) |ie ancro aicmca na fee, co fioib oecma'o ann, ocuf
ana* T>ecmaiT)e

>o CCchgabaio lobutn. ecuim> co n.o gleicin- matcn^e ocuf
aichn.1, .1. achgabail gabun. tm cmaiT> in ecoTmaig cujva -oeiligtep. 1C11\
pne matha)! ocuf pne achaji, eta T>ib gellpuf T>e.

Ocof if fef) fo-oe^a arhgabatl no gabatt -o' pne niachaf, ocuf

arliajx 1 naenfecc im cinait) m nuc, cm alqiunia lie; no if e

/^-cuicpn m ci Tjligif co nnlijit) mb ajiaen; ocuf inbleogam beifiif

co cfteip, accyia fop, focharoi co cutcci, fenai) na T)le5ufi, co

T)f ce-occ lina no TJO getta, .1. t>uf eta T>enaT)a pne btf po ctnatT) ;
no -oono nocon oc nechcap, T>e bif, ace abailtu 1 mbatltu.

n Q'A-tf; t* 00 ' 1 '*" ^CCchgabail pifi cechfiachac ai"Dche; ccchgabail

caip,irtit) cen aifiir pecheman cotifclv pon^ten noill aen-

->na^^ 0^*8" ^1^5 arhgabait pifi tnifaul; ctchjabail pji pop, a cine

fioi ; arhgabail piji pofi a napcaji pip, caijie ; acliga-

baiL pifi bir ben pp,i liuaicne ; cccligabait pji congfienn

75-pleT) ptaca; achgabail pri a n-uai|i trobctftca; ctchja-

bail pjx ruic; actigccbait p|i imja cuic jopc; "achgabail

pifi mui-oep muilent), -DO na bi uifiiapachc To each; a

chumac a aich ; achgabail bjuujaiT) a\i tm a capcaiji.

SEXCIIUS MOR.

from the suitor outside the territory it is taken, or for levymg the nil enc -fine

to Which he U entitled for it; tf to the house of the hos age of the

fe t Dl.tr... from a ,lck ,,,an if he is on the h.des, ,e. a

ZTwWh - takcu from a poor sick man who is lying on th. h.des, ,e. he

II t(1 receive notice and ,,e fasted ,, during a period of e.empt.ou, and

he aid not plead it (fle was ^ .

He submitted to the suit though being within the penod of exemp-
tion, and the exemption is longer than ten days, and ten days are
longer than the lawful stay of the 'seds,' and there is add, .on from
the exemption period to the natural stay of the 'seds, until
amounts to ten days, and there is a stay of ten days upon it.

.H.trcss from a sick imbecile until the mother', and fathers tr.bes
deeide i e a distress that U taken re.,,ee,in, the liability of the lunat.c until u b
se led between the tribe of the mother and the tribe of the father, wh,ch of them
>liall give a pledge for him.

And the reason that distress is taken from the tribes of the father
and of the mother together for the liability of * son, U
liability is on account of fosterage; or it-jwrmleistoo.! that
son to whom it is due HK^*^ of both : and the kinsman beinff
,utd, extends it to three days, suing from several to five days, an,
denial of its being due to ten days.

Which of the two parties shall give a pledge, i.e. to h**, winch of
the two tribes are under the liability; or iudeed it may be that he ,s not with
either of them, but u-mu/ers from place to place.

Distress from a ^^^%L% e ^ ^KT'
distress from a man v^^-^f^J without , N know- 41*. .it'*, '<">-

<_U5U1<-^^ iivyui . j. rt>r\A, " , T, I + . .. ,/ L. JL

,

ey relieve him ; distress from a man by whom ,
calumnious story has been circulated; distress from a ^^^^
manwho has lost the combat ; distress from a man upon ^A

.vhomlhe^sT^TThTcaldron is exyoimrd ; distress
from a man whose wife is in labour ; distress from a
man who collects the food tribute of a chief ; distress
from a man at the time of offering ; distress from a
ploughman; distivs. from a man who has lost his
wan-field ; distress from a man who breaks th^ulere-

specting the mill, who ^^Mot^J^^^ to every
person ; the same respecting a kiln ; distress from a

Brewv for the number of his party.

'

to every

196 Senchur m6ji.

DISTHKSS. CCctij;abdil pip, cechpachac aiT>ctie, .1. athgabail sabup, t>on pip,
0'D~~88 Ce ' C ' CUr " na Jlec ^ a T' ['" un ' D ] P-e p.e cechp.acac ait>a in cop.j;uif ; apaf>
ocuf tp.ofcaT> p.o ufictem 1 cupbuiiS, ucup nip, aipbepxnaig cup, pabcco
achgabail; anai> T>ecmaiT>e puip.pi [ocuf T>ir1nm n-uine T>ec], ocuf nem-
.rnepam 1x0 nlechc [an-o], uaip T>ainaT> nepani nndm ba cu)\baiT> in co|Xf;u^
[i tec] TX'f, -1- ailicixe, ocup m Do^iaoy, ace pn.' 1^e mbec T>O pen-ootc namcr,
O'D. 88. -i- no [pecat-o b^ec; necli Dianibin] log enech met T)iaT>, nach vot 1 mipiibm),
in cinanj pn T>O cuaiT); .1. no nech t>mm loj; enec in T>icim na cuicci T>ei-
oenaigi; uain. -pec aine |io gabat) anT>, ocuf ippet) coinpy na pci)x an, mu
w-oe no gabca achgabail, co iraep.ann u\i -po&elwo, ocup an, oicini vT" T 16
na cuicci T>ei5enaiT>. CCchgabmi pin, cain.ii\iT>, .1. m inn, a crchsabail
<*RT"i " cep-o, 7)015 1 f PC"> coiccenn -oo tiacaT) von, x bp,aichn.iu inimon
nt fen, .1. achgabatt gaburi T>on pip. ceic pop, cuinif an pi^x pf alcl ria
O'D. 88. peictiemam 150 careecc [T>ia 15] -oa^ etp; itibleogam nom bein, co cpeip>
/^" ocuy fena co cutcci, ocu'p anpiy an, mu buD e no j;abca nombein, co Tiec-
mai-6. Cen ain,if yecheman, .1. na picip, ach^rtbail -on j;abail. Toich
ponglen noill aenpiyi, .1. coichei) cucai) ay. fockami -DO bn,aic]ub ni
pn 1 naen inaT), ocu-p T>O cuaiT) bpaichin, T>ib yie coipcuib T)ecbip.raniac,
ocup -DO gabaT) achf;abait ne Tia-p, a eip, .1. if coicli, no ip ttiac non
x 5lenant> luigi aen pin, ip m email) pn ; aen pep eile TOO poipgell laif nach
pop, imgabail in cinaiT) pn T>O CUOTO.

Inbleojun corccin-o Don pne if a cm acaficafi orvtia atiT>, ocup
oi-oo beyva in ci oliji-o he coidiei) o^riaATia maD^-laTi no ci be
Dib -oa ngaburi acgabail af aichle ; ocuf fen aitie acun ancach
ocuf anat) naine r>o btcro atcci myi ocuftiitirn r^eip ; ocup if
amlatt) rio bicro mane beicb inbleogam ocabfteicb coqxeip, ocuf
o ca, ancro qaeip aifi ocuf tunhitn name: ocup if atiilait) pn fiO
bicro mainbec acp,a foyi fochaiT>e 'ca brieich co cuicce; ocuf o ca,
ancro cuicci aifi ocuf r>mm naitie. Ocuf if amlam pti j\o biai>
-sotname beic anpf crcbgabala aca byieicb co oeclnnaiT) ; ocuf o ca
ancro oecmai'oe aifi, ocup T>ichmi riame. Ocup if 'aihlai* foejiuf
e : ocuf ncch T)ama log enech na cmc f eoic na fiachaiT) 1 JoBai) ap,
each laici DO na cuic tatce Tjeinenaca huat), ocup fosellcat) ocuf
bletch aen laici, na prifi achgabail -oo gabail; ocuf if ariilaifi
^.e fie na cuic laite oei-oenach ; ocuf ru^xuf nach f aejianT)

SENCHUS MOR. 197

Distress from a man observing the forty nights, i.e. distress which is DISTRESS.
taken from a man who goes over to the church for the period of the forty nights
of the Lent ; he had consented to notice and fasting during the exemption, and he
did not plead it until dirtrem was taken; there is a stay of ten days upon it,
and a delay in pound of eleven days, and it was not an article of necessity that
was due in this cam, for if it were an article of necessity the Lent would not be a
period of exemption with respect to it, i.e. it is a pilgrimage, but not a perpetual
one, but for a short time of penance only, i.e. judgment follows; one who has
honor-price equal to the debt wears after him that it was not to avoid that liability
he went on the pilgrimage; i.e. or a man who has honor-price comet to swear within the
1,,-t live days of the period of the delay in pound; for it was a 'sed' of one day's stay
that had been taken in this case, and what he swears is that he does not know
whether it is from him the distress should have been taken, so that it frees him
from expense of feeding, and from the delay in pound of the last fire days. Dis-
tress from a man upon a journey, i.e. he cannot be distrained wherever he
to, for it was a general notice that was served on the tribes-men respecting that
thing, i.e. a di.-tressis taken from the man who goes on a journey without his having
*ne knowledge that the plaintiff came to his house after him ; a kinsman being sued
extends it to three days, denial to five days, and ignorance of whether it is from
him it should have been taken, extends it to ten days. Without knowing o
the plaintiff's suit, i.e. that he knew not that distros wu to have been taken.
The oath of one man shall quickly relieve him, i.e. a law suit was
brought against a number of tribes-men together, and one of the tribes-men went
out on nec^arv Im-invss. and distress was taken from him in his absence, Le.it is soon
or quickly the oath of one man prevails in that liability ; another man bears testi-
mony with him that it was not to evade that liability he went upon the journey.

It is a common kinsman of the family whose liability is demanded
of them in this case, and when the person for whom it is lawful
brings his suit against them all together, he is safe in distraining
any one of them afterwards; and this is a sed' of one day with the
debtor, and he shall have a stay of one day upon it, and a delay in
pound of three days ; and this is the way it shall be unless there is
a kinsman sued, which extends it to three days, and when there is,
there is a stay of three days upon it, and a delay in pound of one
day: and so it shall be unless there is suing from many to bring it
to five days ; and when there is, there is a stay of five days upon it,
and a delay in pound of one day. And so it shall be unless doubt of
distress exists to bring it to ten Hays ; and when it does exist, there
shall be a stay of ten days upon it, and a delay in pound of one day.
And this is the way in which it is freed : one whose honor-price is equal
to the five ' seds' that he should forfeit on any day of the five last days,
a ii.l to th" expense of feeding and tending of one day, swears after him
that he did not know that a distress was to have been taken ; and it
is tbus he frees him during the period of the five last days ; and he

Sencliuf irioji.

DISTRESS. m -DO btiT)ein DO CUCIID aniach anD pn e, octif Da faeyuro tn DO
buT>ein -DO faeyipro m Da inuinrni -oa\\ a eip. 11i bi fogeltcro na
nVD/20 Weife T^Wa 11a ^e'^b'r-r'b mofocdb pc atiD fpj lie ri-unc<i 511

Dirnn, ocuf biD tofi na becaib, amail ata arhjjabail pyx Tc ; octif
.rafbejiafi "* DOT cmcro cac atjabu?.a, nuro ruUa, 111 bicro ^osellmT)
^ 1 n e n-anie, ocuf qxeife, ociif ctncri, ocuf T>eci7iruT)f,
^ ^ ai11 anlac ' 1 5 ' Dltlm . if aiTn bit) ^ogelcaT) ociif
-- ^ * ;" maine be neirhbiii 111 bict vogelraT) na bleic.

>n tnif ctul, .i-fcujibiT) T>o mfiec beyociceifvic in "Deji.b-

CCpafi ocuf qiofca-6 ^o uyiaem i ciibaiT) [octif 111
O'D. 89. a cviixbaf) no cii gabat) a at^abci!), ma ptmnuip. CCnat) t)ecb-
/ , . x mtiite pJimio, ocuf oicmi nuine Dec]. 1lo ^e^fpori a liteji 50,

no -Ota cabtii|x rafc DO cem ; i\o ba ru^baiD DO" co p,o gleici in
/^" rnifcel, mam jabaD apaD 1

Ml it fo Cglft{- CCch^rtbail v'T^ VTi a cute 1101, .1. apaD ocuf c|vofca-D p.o au]ip(em

i ruiabmi); ocu^ 1 pjccujv c)iic1i ^DO cuap T>O oetiatn in coni|iaic aim, .1. T>O
1wla 7)0 cecc in coinnnic. <f rli^nbait p, T1 , vol x a nafcaji pip.
cai|ie, .1. T>ul -DO cai]xnr pjxa, ocuf ]io ba cupbaro co cotjxp on catni munn
10 gaba-o (iptco i cunbmfi, .1. 1 pccuii c)iich ciagan. an-o; oamaT. a cp.ich noco
bia cuiibai-o in vac pn aip, OCthgabatl v'r- btf ben pn,' huaicne,
i.in uai)! 5bala nu achsabalacanncm cu^baro ami; ocup I'p i acu)\baiT>
coin, ocuy- 1)- af pn gabun. m cu|ibaiT> cainic i n-imtn. stbala na hac1if;a-
baUt conaT) et) if ana^) T)i fie na r^uiabaitie, .1. v-o bu chupbaiT) Decmai-oe
nnf muna gubtro ayaT) i rurvbam (Ccngabail V 'n congjienn
V eJ V^aca, .1. vaepini eipT>e; ocuf -oa c|iian a bmca T>a vt<nr VPIII, no
rruan a biacct -oo plinf pcri'.ann, .1. (ifico 1( <) ^ibim t rtiiibaiT>, omp ji,, 1,, (

nnniu

P'T 1 a n-uain. tiT>bap,ca, .1. Ian binrfidf) rucai> -DO bacciieoi)i eclaip

(, c(> ^(0^4 ^ ' ^ eccnami aim -pn, ociif vuepiin in tiacrp.euna in oeclimai'6 pn, .1. no

1 Liaddreoir usually means lecturer. In .- ..... .,.,-, however, the Jinchtrtotr

seems to have exercised judicial functions among the clergy vide C. 690.

SENCI1US MOR. 199

went out on this occasion on a journey which does not give him any DISTRESS.

exemption, and should it give himself any exemption, it would exempt

his people after him similarly. There shall be no expense of feeding

and tending upon the great necessities which exist from the period of

the stay to the delay in pound, but there shall be upon the small ones,

such as distress from a ploughman ; and it is said " during the stay

" of every distress, if an immediate one, there shall be no feeding

" charged for it for the period of one day, and three days, and five

" days, and ten days, but from that out to the end of the delay in

" pound, expense of feeding and tending shall be charged ;" unless

there be necessity there shall be no expense of feeding and tending.

Distress from a man by whom a calumnious story has been cir-
culated, i.e. the exemption occurred while he is paying the 'eric '-fine of the false
evidence.

He suffered notice to be served and fasting to be performed during
the period of exemption, and did not plead the exemption until
distress had been taken from him in his presence. There shall be
a stay of ten days upon it, and a delay in pound of eleven days. Or
he is a man who is accused of falsehood, or of whom a story is
reported from afar ; he shall have exemption until the calumnious
story is decided upon, unless notice has been served during the
exemption.

Distress from a man w-h*-n-a--ttrsT tu combat, i.e. he had suffered
himself to be served with notice and fasted npon during a period of exemption; ^

and it was into an extern territory he went to fight the combat, i.e. it happened to ^C^a^d^, n**
him to come into the combat. Distress from a man upon whom the test c^n'
of the caldron is enjoined, i.e. to go to a testing cauldron, and he shall have
exemption until he returns from the cauldron unless notice had been given during
the exemption, i.e. he goes into an extern territory in this case; if it be in the
territory there shall be no exemption for him during that time. Distress from
a man whose wife is in labour, i.e. at the time of taking the distress the ex-
emption occurred in this case ; and this is a proper exemption, and from it is derived
the exemption which arrived at the time of taking the distress, ar.d its stay is the
period of the exemption, i.e. it would be an exemption of ten days or a month
unless notice wa> n < h 1 (hiring ; the exemption. Distress from a man who
collects the food -tribute of a chief, i.e. this i.-, a protection; and two-thirds of
the food-tribute is due to his own chief, or one-third to anext.-rn chid, i.e. a notice
was received within tin- jitr'md of the exemption, anil it would lie a month before
it and ten days after it if notice had not i DiltTMl from a man

at the time of off er in -^ i.e. it is full food-offering which was -iv.-n to the -liach-
treoir' 1 of an extern church in thi- case, and the protection r,-. ; '-< < by the 'liachtreoir'
is during these ten days, Le. he shail have exemption until the person to whom

200 Senchuf 17%.

DISTRESS. ^ o \ m tun,batT> T>O co n,o caite a Ian fain,e m ci -out cajvocro iti

ma cue tan biachai) no tog Ian biachcro -oo, .1. f aifie na hectatfi
ian.am.

CCntro 7)6011017)6 in fo mli ajx T>eiclibej\uf, .1. 111 biT) i
.4~ff,i nech, ni bi nee i iTDligit) fjxiu.

CCchgabatt -pi n. fuic, .1. achsabait gabup, T>on pp-if focfu>
fcrfirt- -i- if m ejxn,ach, paen. ain, feccm_aiT>, paep, buana fe6cmai^j cyvetp in

" '"

$ l%bt>]

_

f- T^'f. cona Tieic laice, ocuf avert "fio u^vaem a
pif, itna ctnc soT^c, .1. ifin

fio ba feccmaiti; ocuf apa-o |io uriaem 1 cup,baiT>.
inuiT)ef muitenr), .1. apaTi ,o gab 1 cu^bait); ocuf n,obcif rn,i mif man
apa-6, .1. noca cucufcan, uam neicti T>O neoch fee a ceili Tub, ocuf

ba eifinnp,aic he, ocuf noca biar> cufibam T>O. -i {# 4^t^d, Q[K>

t^^ 0'iS *

Cm foT)ep,a co fuil cufibmti T>on eifinni\aic if in incro mli,
co na put anti fo ? 1f e in pat, noca n-nn in fee fa fem
if eifinnftaic m T>ume call iciyi, ocuf coif, cm f,o beccu]\baif> t>o,
ocuf im m muilinT) fein t>o fcigm m -oume f unT> eiftn^ucuf , ocuf
coif, cm cu beic cuf^bait) no.

CC chumac a aich, .1. fie ec hoc. CCchgabail bn,i5ai-D a]\ tin

i&f Oil^t/ M ca r co'T 1 ' ' feoic am in fm, ocuf gaibcep, era ain.pm ap,a T>ais ni bi

cin Cfaijxe fm\\. Mo Tjono if Ti'aicech pon*a gaibcep, m achi;abait i fui-oiu,
an, m bifium cen cfaifie vaip, .1. an, efcepcuf fin T>on bfiutjaiT); ana-6
O'D. 90. oecmai'oe an, each n-achgabait gabun, -oe [CIT> nefam no nemnefam].

Comloja o ruain t>o bfiugaiT), cit> mi a fee time, cin m be

,^ f aifie faif,, ocuf comloga uerof urn. Cm bet f uif.1 f aif, T>O 5f,ef , ni

inroeicin jabala acjabala tie ; no cumaT) e faefam in aif.ec cuifi

in T>echinait>; ocuf facabaf, faefam im paca aft m

cm co fajabaft im bian.

//(>g , OCchgabail piji lech cumT) cm f.o ^110 ta aijiechc;

TO achjabail 'Declimai'De im qncha'D felba, im pjigellJim
T)ip,nTD uaf cac, im fioT)ai\c t-unne [im fee fioT>ejxc] im

1 jlirc-tuisi. He was the chief who commanded the army of the territory.

SENCHUS MOR. 201

the offering has been made has exercised his full power of giving freedom, if full DISTRESS.
food-offering or the price of the full food-offering has been given him, i.e. the free-
dom of the church is upon him afterwards.

All these have a stay of ten days for necessity, i.e. they are in-
debted to no one, and no one is indebted to them.

Distress from a ploughman, i.e. a distress which is taken from a man for
the ploughshare which was broken, i.e. in the spring, i.e. exemption of ploughing
for seven days, as the exemption for reaping for seven days ; and the three days
added to the seven make ten days, and he had permitted notice to be served during
exemption. Distress from a man who has lost his corn-field, i.e. in
the autumn, and it is an old debt, for if it were a recent debt, it would be seven
days ; and he submitted to notice during a period of exemption. Distress from
a man who^foaks the rtilo i t ijn i ffrrj tlir mill, i.e. he received notice
during the exemption ; and there would be three months if notice had not been
received, i.e. he has not given one man's turn to another in favour of either of them,
for if he had done so he would be an unworthy person, and would not get the benefit
of the exemption.

What is the reason that exemption is allowed to the unworthy
person elsewhere, and that it is not here 1 The reason is, it was not
with respect to the very thing in question the man in the former
case was unworthy, and it is right that he should have the benefit
nf the exemption, but it is with respect to the mill itself that the man
here would be guilty of an unworthy act, and it is right that he
should not have the benefit of the exemption.

The same respecting a kiln, i.e. in the same manner. Distress from
a Brewy for the number of his p a r t y, i.e. this was a 'sed' of one day,
and it was taken from him even though he was not without immunity. Or
else it was from his steward-bailiff the distress was taken in this case, for the
steward'bailijf is not without immunity, i-e. for this is a case of exception to the
Brewy ; there is a stay of ten days upon ever}' distress that is taken from him,
whether in the case of an article of necessity or one not of necessity.

Compensation is made to the Brewy by the territory, even for his

'sed' of one day, though he have not immunity, and he gives com- ,

pensation. if he always has immunityjthe taking of distress from i* (* t< <* l ftW' < y tt *
him io not allowed ; or the ten days are the protection given by the
Aire-tuisi ;' and protection is obtained as regards debts in the case
of the Brewy, though it is not obtained as regards food.

Distress from a man of half sense until the court
decides who is to pay ; distress of ten days for the
partkiott of lands, for a .celic, for the mountain land
high above all, for things/ of value seen on the sea, for

^ lm

im polach pann -DO c1iai r cetaT), im qionT) ngabala b, r
i nt)ichtub, im cejic each penne-oa, im ojiba 'mid math
[7)o comtiuinT),] cqi i r pojlafo r elba each tnicopac. 1!i
*-cualam 5 jioT)a pelba parma necli no -DO fien ncro
eraijice.

~ J '

CCrhgabail p, n lech c,i,t> c,a v o T>ila U ai^eclic, .,. ,n pen

suiti-o no let ce.ll,, .,. , ni bleo 5 ain r.ombe,n. co CT iem, acna von

rocham co cuict,, pma co T>ec m a,f,, .,- berxt, .nbleoRam ^c^J, bent,

'" P ' CC1 ' C Ve r ca T^ " cor>nach, no pep. let cuinn [no] terano,^,. I ), V r,

W -oecma co TVO,^ a, n ec c o nmutuxnn, .,. co pe r m^u^an7c,

bm a an, , c , n mmctx, oc r a,rne, noT>eojun*bi r pop. a lepait,.

'

co cuicce, ^no co 7,ecn,< ( ,T>, .,. mulla b pp-i na T i no re, veo ,n , r an
( ti, rw tWv, ^^ ' ' ^T 15 ^x 1 mbe ln T e ecannu, , r yop. cuicti ; mcro in alanum;, i r von

In. Vtl , 5 elt, .,. cun,t ce aca mbe. 1 '

O'D 24 ' ' 1 ~' C6C11ai tle " nie l ram "r bTi] co rneip, acna

^ ' e " a C T>ed ' nlalT '' 1m n ce,n,

/ ^ ' C T>e ' nlalT '' m nOT>allC

I* ' - n,aT> ch, nech , cein W Cu ,nn, , f la, f n, ,, .,. 5 e u,

no pac no necran ^.e. Sec TtoBeyic], * na T>e,lc, ocur no corona M
brvunm, naena, 5 a^ urn , n,unap ^ aenacl,, , f ,x jn e , r ; ocu r na V o,V,,
(6 A/S-6?) MM bnumn, n-aena, S ,x ^eip, mu nap VM bnu,nn,!n-aena, 5 , , r ap. cuu-n,

r.a C ,nT,ean W cmaiT,. 1 ,n ubu n- U , n e, .,. na 4,c mba no in pdnr M
ic ei r , .1. ,n enectann ml an,, an C ne, r , ocu f nembec na r TO l n,
10 aqxa vop, pca-T,, co cuirti, ^a co T>ec,h U TO, .,. , n , ara i n-ar>b u l re,,,,
na hu,ne, .1. fmacr, ocu f a bet an C ne,p, ocu r acp,a ap rocaii.e, ap. cn,cri,
fena ap. ^eahma,^, .,. ,n fec V ona,c, U ,n 5 i, n o ,n fec w^epaU, no ,
noT,a,nc; ocuf nemtiefom be,p., r co cpeip, acna pop, roch^e, 7 nl.
1-m comop. 5u ,n cnama [.,. all* an atcorhainc ,n - f .] .,- ac cabai^ a
r 11 ^" eipb T>O upraib, .1. arha,l aca comcenn vorxochconach, .,. ,n cndm
' ma "^ comrxac, ,. ,n pnacc oc ur ,n eneclann ap. c^em, ocur acna
pon rochaTO co cuicc,, pena co oecmmb.

im.vn en n, 5 cm iroucht ^okuigrep. on ecluir, ocur T>crniun,
f tan rmacc ocup tun enectunn mt>. ITluna

, .^ . ") / w

**''
Y&t* -M* (>&,**> ^ .

SENCHUS MOR. 203

valuable articles, for digging a church-yard, for break- DISTRESS.
in- bones, for damming a stream, for robbing the
hunter's tent, for the appropriated tree which is in

the forest, for the right of each warrior, for dividing

the lands of a sister'sj^on, for he is a plunderer of the {**& $.

land who makes a bad contract respecting it. One who

has sold land cannot unbind it ox-set-iUuiide.

Distress from a man of half sense until the court decides who

is to pay, i.e. the man of half reason or half sense, i.e- a kinsman bang sued ex-

tends it to three days, suing from several to five days, denial to ten days, i.e. the

kinsman extends it to three days; it is extended to live days, till it is ascertained

whether he be a sensible adult, or a man of half sense or half liability. It is ex-

tended to ten days, that there may be time to assemble the court, i.e. that it may

be ascertained afterwards upon which party his liability is to be, between fathers

am", mothers, or the stranger who lodges in the house.' Distress of ten day s . r r ..

for the partition of lands, t.e. waste land or mountain land, i.e. for divid- < on Ms bed.

ing the land of the tribe, i.e. its not being an article of necessity brings it to

three days, suing from many to live days, denial to ten days, i.e. unless it be for

ploughing or grazing, its st:;y is three days : if there be denial between them, it

is live days: if he lit <,ut.-ide the ttrritunj. it is ten clays. For a relic, i.e. a H tUftf^f t

cumhaT from Mm who has it. For the mountain land high above all,

i.e. after the same manner; its not being an article of necessity brings it to three

>uing from several to live days, denial to ten days. For things of value

seen on the sea, i.e. which he saw at a distance, i.e. if one sees any thing at a

distance on the sea, he is entitled to some of it, i.e. an ounce, and a vessel of wine, or

the value of it. or either of them. Valuable articles, i.e. the brooches and the

borders at the approach of a fair-day have a stay of one day ; if they are not for

the fair, the stay is three days ; and the rings at the approach of a fair have a stay

of three days, if not at the approach of a fair, of five days, the ng-have a stay of

ten days. For digging a church-yard, i.e. the ten cows or the twelve

cows for stealing out of it, i.e. the honor-price which is for it has a stay of three

clays, not having the wealth of his rank, or suing from several, extends it to five

days, denial to ten days, i.e. the thing which is for the great cutting of the church-

yard, i.e. the 'smacht '-tine, and its .t.iy i- three clays, suing from several extends it

to five days, denial to ten days, i.e. a ' seel' worth an ounce, or the ' sed' of six ' sere-

palls.' or the valuable 'sed ;' and its not being an article of necessity extends it to

three days, suing from many in Jive days, &c. For breaking bones, i.e.

belonging to a church without asking permission of the several persons interested,

i.e. to take their marrow out of them for aotrcrorf, such as the ' comchenn for och-

tarach.' i.e. nr it in the hone about which the combat is fought, i.e. the ' smacht '-fine

and the honor-price luve a stay of three- d.i^ .-. suing from many extends it to five

days, denial to ten days.

If it be the renw ins of a, bishop who did not make a will respecting Ms
burial that have been taken away from the church, and that thejudg-

204

DISTRKSS. T>li 5 U7>, i f lecfmace ocu r lee emeclunn itiT>. Iffer, -ono ma tr
manuch befiufi ma fuce.

TTlcro efpuc fon^f a mbit. UT>UCC, if in 5 ne ceena faip eri,i Ian

ocHflee.mnnaroirisieeTiin cumul; Diaroi 1 icire 1 nti cumul,iflee

.rpnacc ocu r lee emeclunr. ina pmt-uc, -o, a nnamuiT.

ecluif aca tnbiD ; muna T>aniuiT> T>li5UT> iff Ian.

in

TTlaf. nach eile befaiifc ma jiiucc, mfi roi|icpn nu ctiniinte if

lech emicluTiT) ocuy lecyrnacc, T>ia n-oaninn) T)li5tif) an ecluif aca

tnbit> ; muna T)annii-6 oligut>, cecyimriie pnacra ocuf ceqxuniie

/ eineclum T>e, ocu^ if e finacr OT beip, ftinD m f mace aD beiji cm.

1f ant) a fi a ruicfin cuyi tib lef m ran 710 pacuib ho-ouclir.

1f an-o if i a ruicfin cuyx natibu* lef in can naufi pacutb tcoucc.

IfCT) if iroucc anT) a facbuil ^0 ac a fine a fuaflucuf) CIT> be mu-o

a cecmu e. If e if cm ut>ucc anD cm a facbail T>O ac a pne a

/ ^Fafluccuf) ci-6 be intiT) a cecmu e. If m ecluif cucat> mui) a

ficlefa -DO ani) fin. TTlaf a cuaic amuich cuca* a fieclef -DO,

ocuf if ann |xo ncronuiceti e, ace mat) fio fuat)iii5et( uaiehi e, CIT>

rve napuit), CIT> p,e Cfiof CUT), CIT) iafo napui-o cm iafi cfiof cat), ocuf

cmnci leff in ct i\o fuacuig cunacli lef, lam pac fOT>buif> ann,

ie ocuf lam emeclunt), ocuf atftuc m cnariia, no cumul cap ep.

Ocuf a f e cnatn ac beiji funr, fvi baicep pop, ffxocuib, no if

oeoftuif) -oe fio T>ilput> -oon muiyi ocuf T>O gaic, ocuf a T)ilp no

luce m fen,umn cuf a cayilu e, cu cuccuyi cumul cayi a cent),

ifi 14 V*- 1* ocu r coni|iumT> baifice T)ligtiT) arv in cumuil pn.]

if 1m airie fTV' fnucti, .,. ,tne ajx cint) m fnoca, .1. ime ann af mT> ime
i ni af mo 'na a cuic.

TTIa fio imefcarv m T>ume afi cmt> m Cffioca ni if mo na feifeTj
DO cac leic r>on abamT>, mafa leif impi t>o each leic, no cjnan
o'aen lee, mamp leif ace aen lee, t>a ejxian na himatxcpat)a eifc

SEXCHUS MOR. 205

ment of law is submitted to, full ' smacbt '-fine and full honor-price DISTRESS.
shall be for it. If law be pot submitted to, it is half ' sinacht '-fine
anil half honor-price. This is the case, too, if a monk has been taken
away instead.

If he be a bishop who did make a will respecting his burial, it shall
be after the same manner as to the full and half fines, unless the
' cumhal ' has been offered ; if the ' cumhal ' has been offered, it shall
be half ' smacht'-fine and half honor-price for carrying him away, if
the church with which he is buried submitted to law ; if it does not
submit to law the full fines are exacted.

If it be another person that has been taken instead, after tender
of the 'cumhal' it is half honor-price and half 'smacht'-fine,
if the church with which he is buried submitted to law ; if it does
not submit to law, it is one-fourth of 'smacht'-fine and one-fourth , ,

of honor-price, and the ' smacht'-fine thatjsjluehere is the ' smacht'- 4 A*^ '
fine fixed for the^rime.

It is understood that it is his family's when he left a will. It ig
understood that it is not his family's when he has not left a will.
" Will" means that he left it on his tribe to redeem him wherever
he may happen to be. " Without will" means that it has not been
left by him on his tribe to redeem him wherever he happens to be.
In this case a place for a tomb was given him in the church. If it
be in a territory outside that a tomb was given to him, and that
he was buried therein, if then he was carried off from thence,
either before notice, or before fasting, or after notice and after fast-
ing, and that the person who carried him away is certain that he is
not his, there shall be full fine for opening the earth, and full honor-
price and restitution of the bones, or a 'cumhal' instead of it. Or the
bone referred to here is the bone of a king drowned in the streams,
or of a hermit condemned to the sea and the wind, and the right to
whom belonged to the people of the land where he happened to be
cast ashore, until a 'cumhal' is paid for his redemption, and this
' cuuihal' is to be divided after the manner of a lawfully forfeited
bark.

For damming a stream, i.e. a dam at the head of the stream, i.e. to add
one dam to another more than his share.

If a man has dammed the head of the stream more than one-sixth
on each side of the river, if he owns the lands lying on both sides of
it, or than one-third on one side, if he owns but one side, two-thirds
of the excess of the fish taken to be given by him to the owners of the

206 Senchup TTlop.

DISTRESS, ucro DO tuchc tia fot) mte pf no piaf , CIT> be conaifi 7>ib tied) in
nafc. CCtnail fmace pn, ocuf a bit ap, qieip, octif nembirh na
faibpi co cuicte, ocuf fena co

1m polach vinn, .1. boch polachca, .1. im each fee, .1. biarj na feoic,

each peini-o -oo na cpi pemeTjaib, a cif a-o an, cpeip, .1. ni bic 1 n-oliguT) ppi
nech, ni bi nech a tvolisiro pp,iu. 1m cp,atiT> ngabala bif 1 iiT>ichp,b,
.1. m cpann cpofca, ap oecmai'6, fe cec cepca ap. cuicci, cec upUim ap
t M/ J. tfieip, Ian uplam ap, aine. 1m cepc each penneTja, .1. each fpc
ID Tjtegap -oon pennn>, uatp if am ail pep cap epic, .1. in ruipe ecca.

[Cit) fo T)epa feccmcro emeclumne tion fem^i-D if in cyian-o
fuluchc panacea, ocuf a bet ma fogl

If e in pat, poglu T)ilp T>O m, ocuf nocha nulleti a eneclunn
im twine pogla -oitfi T>O oenuni, ocuf munub -Diluy ecip, iac,
/.rnocha mbia m

1m op,ba mtc mach [T>O compuni-D] .1. mac fechap, .1. in j;op,mac-
.1. m ii-amipp aip. Nemnefam beipif co cpeip, acpa pop fochaiT> co
cuicci, fena co TjecmaiT), .1. feccina'6 cipe T>ib'aT>, .1. mi u cabaipc -DO, no
cit>pe pptf ni pena.

Jo Cumal fenopba; cm pne niairp.1 nof pena, ocuf ciapa nefam
popa anati n-aine, uaip if nacli eile noc pen, if ap
Cit> pne inaitpi not) penaT>, ocuf munap nefam coifcitie,
if ap rpeip. Uaip if nac eile, ocuf nac nefam coifd'oe, if ap
JTU 0$ f3 cuicci ; uaip aca fop fena oc in pne oca n-aiTjbpichep, dp ma la

maitpi icip, if ap -Dechmait).

.

CCp, if poglaiT) felbaT> each micop,ac, .1. ap, if poglaiD -oo'n pep-
anT> mci cuipt Dpochcuip, T>e.

Ill cualatng pOT>a f etba, .1- ni comifjech comfcailer> in pepainTj, .1.
p.0 gaca no po |ianT>a. Mech no -oo p,en, .1. nee p,ecaf amach. Nan*
,-oecaip.ce, .1. na caip.cenn amuich, .1. in mac

1 The appropriated tree. In c. 801, the following explanation is adJed : i.o if
it be clipped, i.e. a tree wluch-is-rejwieuulJojBestic by the Feine, or by the warriors ;
or it is a door to them and a place of resort ; or it is a tree with goodly fruit, and
t-right-KHH-thepCTSon-H'hO-ha& take

SENCHUS MOK. 207

other weirs up or down whichever way the fish pass. This is by DISTRESS.
way of ' smacht'-fine, and it has a stay of three days, and not
having the wealth of his rank extends it to five days, and denial to
ten days.

For robbing the hunter's tent, i.e. a cooking-tent, 1.6. for every 'sed'
(i.e. the 'seds' are food) **"** ; taken out of the hunting-tent; for it is like the
case of a man outside the territory, i.e. there is honor-price due to each warrior of
the three grades of warriors, and it has a stay of three days, i.e. they are not in-
debted to any one, no one is indebted to them. For the appropriated tree 1
which is in the forest, i.e. the crossed tree, its stay is ten days, that of its first
shaping five days, that of its lirst preparation three days, that of its full prepara-
tion one day. For the right of each warrior, i.e. every ' sed' that is due
to the warrior, for he is as a man outside the territory, i.e. the Aire-echta. 4

What is the reason that the seventh of honor-price is due to the
hunter for the appropriated tree, he being a plunderer ?

The reason is, he commits lawful plundering, and it does not
deprive a man of his honor-price to commit lawful depredations ;
but if they are not at all lawful, nothing is due for it.

For dividing the lands of a sister's son, i.e. the sister's son, i.e. the
adopted son, i.e. not in time of ploughing. Not being a necessity extends it to three
days, suing from many to five days, denial to ten days, i.e. the seventh of the land
of inheritance, i.e. about giving it to him, or wbate\uiE_tliiugJi-eeHs . tQf+flf ft rt : * ,

As to the ' cumhal senorba,' 3 if it be the tribe of the mother that has
sold it, and that it is a necessary of life, the stay will be of one day,
when it is another person that sold it, it will be of three days. If
it be the mother's tribe that has sold it, and that it is not a neces-
sary of life, its stay is three days. When it is another person that
sold it, and that it is not a necessary of life, it has a stay of five days ;
when it is being denied by the tribe who are sued for it, if it be * '/ ^' "4--

by the tribe of the mother at all, it has a stay of ten days,
i.,

For he is a plunderer of the land who makes a bad contract re-
ipecting it, i.e. for he is a plunderer of the land who has made a bad bargain
about it.

He cannot unbind the land, i.e. he is incapable of nliin4iBg-the land, i.e.
4t~was taken, or- it was-dtwded. A person who sold it, i.e. who sells it out.
Or set it aside, i.e. he cannot set it aside outside, i.e. the 'mac ingor.'

1 Aire-echta. He was the champion of the territory.

8 Cumhal senorba. This was a portion of land retained by the chief in his own
possession to provide for indigent members of the dan.

208 Senctnip m6|i,

1r cof-pe conamap achgabail Inline, ocuf mle, octif

cfieifi, octif cincche, octif- TiechmaiT)e la fern a cornaifi-

^ elb eclaip, a nnoipb mar, a pjiechraib pilen, a cotn-

cerpaiT)ib plarha, a comaifile bjieirlieman, ache m ima

r rorunaig cubuf ocuf 1 aicne a piibjiediaib lap, cubuf.

1f eoffe con am Of, .1. if co fe jio caiimimpijeTi, no no
anat> n-ume von- m achgabail an. ur. Ocuf aile, .1. a-p, uc
tfieif 1, .1. an, uc. Ocuf cuicche, .1. an. ut uili -po anuaf. CC cotn-
apileib eclaifi, .). a comatjibb locca na hcctaip, patjxaic ocuf

/K Oeneom ocuf Caijvnech. CC nnoifib cuar, .1. a InijvoancusaT) toccata

cuaicln, Caesaiyvi ocuf Cofic ocuf "Oaifii, .1. fey. n-6iienn. CC pniccli-

caib pileT), .1. Uof ocuf "Dubcach ocuf pafiguf. CC comcecvai'Dib

placha, .1. Laegain.! ocuf Co-p,c ocuf "Oaiyie, .1. fe\i n-&f.enn o fin amacli.

^CC comaif,le btxecheman, .1. ven, n-e-p,enn, .1. TJO neoch -DO bt afi ai\n>,

f.\. e|ic ocuf "Dubcac, .1. fenchait). CCchc ni ima cofimaig, .1. ace am
tofimaij;ic na cn,ifcaiT>i T>O fieip, a cubatf. Ocuf aicne, .1. na pen, pnen
o fin ille. CC v') l bn.echaib ian. cubuf, .1. T>O fietn, na p|i bp,ec cinb-
fech, .1. each m if cofmail fiif f m, ocuf na cue an.

II C it ?4 0>D - 94 - [CCrjabait a\\ pir fo antiap; ocup tp amluii) jabu^ in argabatl

*-afv pic: a rabtmic a n-D^unii pu Im-p, no a w-bac n-achuir>,

() 0'-' ocuf a taiyicfiu on peclierntnn roiche'oa T)on biut>buit> ma lami

yxe lie n-anca, ocup jell a lunii m pecheman roiche-oa cafi cen-o

na atjabdla p.ef m fie fin ; ocuf muna CUCUIT) in biT>buit) m gell

cia niu-o atgabail a|i I.TIC i, DO ni ar^abdil culla TH.

-oo beifx m brobuiT) m jell fief in atjabdil 1 Idnii in
fecheman roicheT>a, beifut> m fechem roidie-oa a jell ina Idini
amach fie fie n-anca, ocuf cabficco an jell lef ammj a fofibu
anca, ocuf cabfiUT) a jell T>on bnjbuit), ocuf rabfxut) m acjabail
DO -pechemum coiche'oa ; ocuf munu ruca m biDbinfi m arjabdil
. |ff 3Ut-t-t -ioDon fechemum roicheDa, if ojiaDa arjabala afi m jell 6 fin
amach : fojelc ocuf blec, ocuf lobut) t>o tiul ma cem>.]

Clchjabail afi ftic f o anuaf , ocuf ifi a nrrfiaTiu a belt 1 Imm

SENCHUS MOR. 209

Hitherto have been .eiHiHre?a*ed the distresses of DISTRESS.
one day, and of two days, and of three days, and of
five days, and of ten days, by the Feini by the advice
of the church, from the customs of the laity, from the
true laws of the poets, from the concurrent opinions
of the kings, from the advice of judges, except what
conscience and nature uddod from true judgments Wfri** -fry,
according to analogy.

Hitherto have been enumerated, i.e. hitherto have been enumerated or
stated, a stay of one day upon a distress with time. And of two days, i.e. with
time. And of three days, i.e. with time. And fire days, i.e. all these
down relate to the stay. By the advice of the church, i.e. by theadvice of the
men of the church, i.e. Patrick, Benen, andCairnech. From the customs of
the laity, i.e. from tEeuSrige'of' the laity, t.e. Laeghaire, and Core, and Dairi, i.e.
of the men of Erin. From the true laws of the poets, i.e. Ros, and Dubh-
thach, and Fergus. From the concurrent opinions of the kings, Le.
Laeghaire, and Core, and Dairi, i.e. of the men of Erin besides them. From the
advice of judges, Le. of the men of Erin, i.e. such aa were present, i.e. Ere
and Dubhthach, i.e. historians. Except what conscience added, i.e.
except what the Christians added according to then: conscience. And nature,
i.e. of the just men besides. From true judgments according to
analogy, i.e. according to the true analogous judgments, i.e. all cases similar,
but which ttmi-aot-be

All these above are distresses with stay ; and this is the manner
in which the distress with stay is taken : it is brought into a cow-
shed, or into a paddock, and it is offered by the plaintiff to the
defendant into his hand during the time of the stay, and a sufficient
pledge is then given into the hand of the plaintiff for the distress
during that time ; and if the defendant does not give the pledge, al-
though it was a distress with stay, it becomes an immediate distress.

If the defendant gives the pledge for the distress into the hand of
the plaintiff, the plaintiff fringe his pledge w*-in his hand during
the period of his stay, and at the expiration of the stay he shall
bring the pledge, and return it to the defendant, and the distress
shall be given to the plaintiff; and if the defendant should not give
the distress to the plaintiff, the condition of flfrV distress arisps iipoa ffaujfirH, j/tyvit
the pledge : expense of feeding and tending and forfeiture shall
accumulate upon it.

The above are distresses with stay, and the condition of such is

P

210 Setichuf

DISTRESS. 1t1 biDbtHD fie fie n-anux, octif lanjille na hathgabala, fie liatfec
Don j?eichetnain coictieDa 1 pofiba anca ; ocuf- Da n-aifictefi in
crchgabait Don fjeichemain coicheDa cafi cenn in gill, pogelccro
octif blet DO fiic fiia fte fie nturtna, ocuf lobcro DO Dtit ina cerro

5 1 ^ofiba T)ictna. TTluna h-aificcep, in achgabmt -oon peichemam

roicheT>a cafi cenn in 5111 1 Tpoyiba anca, in afiaTia t>o bian afi m

achgabait, in ajicroa cecna -DO bet afi in jell ; no T>ono co na

O'D. 94. bee afuroa achjabala afi in ngell infi, [uaift, if afi f:uifiifiiuf)

ciT)nuice bif m jell], ocuf m het) bmm achgabail, tiaiji m puil

T)ilfi m gilt t)o 5fief no co fio cinnce'|\ i\e T)itiTia aifi; no -oono
co cticchafi coicheT) im a oilfi, ocuf o cmnpthefi fie T>irnia aifi,
if a t>ilfi i fjofiba T>itnia, ocuf o T>O befichafi coichei) ima -oilfi,
if a T>ilfi mfi coichet),

L ma T)0 ^ef 1 "^ 1t1 at^abdit DO f^chemmn coichetia a bfieic le)-
""amach, ocuf fjogelc ocuf btec DO T>ut ina cenD fie fie nT>ici)ui,
ocuf lobuti 6 cicfa amififi tobca.

TTldf ac piaftocut) na hatgabula ml m biTibuit), nocha n-Ufi-
ttitenT) Dligef) afi m fecheinum coicheua m atgabail DO lecm
ua^a, no cu cuccup, jell DO fiefin uitiacuiD Dliguf uili, fie cuic
, ocuf fie emeclunD, ocuf fie'ic in cinuig, ocuf fie DiabloD.]

<% CC

etchjabail cut aine, ocup caul cfieip, ocf caul
C (,go ctiuicchi, ocuf caul 'Oechmai'Oe, 110 fui'Dec poji naT)manT)

na anca a paichchib pfiif a ngaibcheji, ach if uroib "Do
mi'Diceri aimfejaa a rTDichma. 1p in each noca gaib if
Jt ^paip, napcaiti a mbichui'Oib. CCcTigabail 1 paichci ap, cinn
5^U ocuf TdigiT) Tub 1 pjiuf pfii mbleich, octJf 'Dichmi
ocuf T)ilfi co TJilmaine, mam gellcari t)ib ctfic coifi,
amail ifbei|\ a m-bjiachcae : " CCnaT) each achgabala
iaji puc ifet) 'Diam each achgabala caulla cen ana'D

te-eiaain-0a-seeurity-ef-stay in the greens into which
they are taken, but it is in them the periods of their
delay in pound are measured. The person who has
taken them is bound to keep them during the periods.
The distress is kept in the green until the pledge is
obtained, and it becomes liable for expenses of tend-
ing in the pound, and there is delay in pound, and
complete forfeiture, unless a right and proper pledge
has been given, as is said in the Brathchae : " The stay
of every distress with time is the delay in pound of

every immediate distress which has no stay at all."

p'2

SENCHUS MOR. 211

to be in the hand of the defendant during the period of the stay, and DISTRESS.

there is a full pledge given for the distress, which is to be returned

to the plaintiff at the expiration of the stay ; and if the distress be

returned to the plaintiff for the pledge, expense of feeding and tend-

ing shall accumulate upon it during the period of the delay in pound,

and forfeiture shall commence at the expiration of the delay in

pound. If the distress be not returned to the plaintiff for the pledge

at the end of the stay, the same condition which would be upon the

distress shall be on the pledge ; or, according to some, there shall

be no condition of the distress whatever upon the pledge, for the _ ,

pledge -re-only -detained until rpititntiion ho made, and not so the <tol**> ***^

distress, for the pledge is never forfeited until its period of delay in

pound has terminated, or until there has been a suit respecting its

forfeiture; and when the period of its delay in pound has terminated,

it is forfeited at the expiration of the delay in pound, and when suit

id had respecting its forfeiture, it is forfeited after the suit, &c.

If the distress be given to the plaintiff he takes it out with him,
and expense of feeding and tending shall be added to it during the
period of the delay in pound, and forfeiture also when the time of
forfeiture arrives.

If the defendant wishes to redeem the distress, the law does not
compel the plaintiff to give up the distress until a pledge is given
unto him for the payment of the full amount to which he is entitled,
i.e. five 'seds,' honor-price, the payment of the liability, and double^we.

But immediate distresses of one day, and of three
days, and of five days, and of ten days,

Gtf/.

DISTRESS. OCchc achgabail cut, .1. berwp, miach co hopann, .1. ace tia haeh-

- gab'ala ben.an, an, in eullaca, an, a mbi ana* name, .1. ni co po fio cam-

aimpige* an amro pree, ace o punn amach. Taul cfieipi, .1. pn, bn>

itnuig an, en,eipi cm lob'ar> T>O -mil na ceiro. Caul chuicc.hi, .1. pec.

J"Gaul oechtnai'De, .1. -pec. Na pin-Dec, nonac paicetv -1- nochan pap-

caichen, a ponarotn an, ana-o an, a uc lUaim cintaig. CC pai ch ch 1 b pn,i P

a ngaibchep, .1. m veicheman coicnet)a, .1. 1 vaicci in pn, i\o gabufran, m

achgabail; i)p m-oe bip anaT>, Tims tf culla, .1. ip call ana^ oca. &"0.

(ten if mT>ib T>O rnnncen, aim|^en,a a n7)ichnia, .1. ace ap inncib

/i> mepemnaiscen, a bee co -p,e pucham a cocma icin, ana* ocuy T>rcim.

CCnT)icnma, .1. lobaT) na cenn. 1^ in each noca gaib ip vaip.

naycaip, .1. cin pomTjell, .1. 1^ m each fio gabuy in arTigabait, ip pain,

ponaifcichen, abec inajuiTO anca coin, 1 paitci. CC mbichuiT>ib, .1. p^i

ixe anca. CCchgab'ail i paicnci afv cmn gill, .1. m cmcaig [o] n.af

/i" gab, .1. cen poem>el, .1. -oan. a cenn, .1. pach t>an, cenro m gill fin. 1 pon,u f ,
.1. T>un, .1. 1 n-ajiuf ujvoalca. Pp.1 mbteich, .1. in fcn^aH, .1. log pyx p /
pognama ocuf meic. Ocaf tuclnni, .1. na cuicpoic. Ocup -oilp, .1. on /
ctncach na nachgabata uili. Co t>ilniaine, .1. con, oila mame -oe.
TTlam gellcan. T>ib cip,c coin, .1. muna cuccan, gelt cayx a cenn oo

jteip, cin,c ion, cae coin,. CCna* each achgabala ian, puc, yn,!., .1.
m T^e ian,p ambi m acligabailtoipiCy^jraricrD^i taim cmcaig cm pogelca*,
cm blec, cm toba* TIO 7>ut nicnEerin, if e n,e ian,f a ceic pogelca* ocur
btec 1 cent> na hachgabata cutla cen ana* icin, ace pogetcan ocuf blec
DO 7>ul ma cent) po cecoin, .1. biT> ana* po-p, each achgabail bif ian. pic

2 roc cmcach ; if oicmi imun,n,o po cecoin, i cen-o na hachgabula culla, pp.i
n,e a anca ocuf a acaip, ocuf cuic feoic i loba* T)1 o ca fin amac.

-(/

tfe-o -DO ni achgabait a\i tic tit comperifaiTiTia T>a gabail.
DO tit achgabail culla -01, uafal pop, ifel -oa jabail.

CCchgabail culla f o fif , ocuf if e a hajuroa a b|xeic T>OTI peiche-
ain coiche'oa co pofiur but>ein po cecoifi 1 nnai|x a gabala, octif

pogelcat ocuf blec T>O flic yim (no le) fie |ie nanca, ocup oicma,

ocup lobaT) t)o T)ul ina cen-o i popba T)ictiia.

lietxnaile bei|\if m ctchgabail poji cullata:
C. 2G85. fee, ocuf -Dislmm iroairie, ocup uaral -DO irel, ocup qiich. [Ocnp
;,rc|iic pin ap, popup m pecheman coichi'Da, no ap pepann, ocup ni

1 feature* A measure of wheat, of barley, and of oats is here alluded to.

r ZClfi C. Ot i [ .

.' This word probably means distinction.

SENCHUS MOE. 213

But immediate distresses, i.e. which are carried out at once, i.e. but the DISTRESS.
distresses which are taken on a sudden, which hare a stay of one day, i.e. it was
not of the stays of the.se we have hitherto treated, bat of them ice shall treat from
this out. Of three days, i.e., they are, in truth, outside for three days without
being charged with forfeiture. Of five days, i.e. in the same way. Of ten days,
i.e. in the same way. Are not allowed to remain, or they are not fixed, Le.
which are not detained on a pledge daring stay on time, in the hand of the debtor.
In the greens into which they are taken, i.e. of the plaintiff, i.e- in the
greens of the man who took the distress ; it is in them ia the stay, because it is
immediate, i.e. it is within them it remains with him S.D. But it is in them
the periods of their delay in pound are measured, i.e. but it is in them it ^^
is judged they should remain until the full period of their forfeiture tetsEeen stay ^
and delay in pound. Delay in pound, i.e. forfeiture in 44itio. The person ohtrf, -J* LI
who has taken them is bound to keep them during the periods, i.e.
without straying, i.e. whoever takes the distress, it is enjoined on him to keep it
during the proper period of the stay in a green. Periods, i.e. during the time of
the stay. The distress is kept in the green until the pledge is ob-
tained, i.e. of the debtor from whom they have been taken, i.e. that they stray
not. i-e. a pledge for them, i.e. there is a fine for this pledge. And in a
pound, i.e. in a 'dun,' i.e. in a certain habitation. For expenses of tending,
i.e. the ' screpall,' i.e. the expense of a man to tend them and ''the measures." 1 And
delay in pound, i.e. the five 'seds.' And forfeiture, i.e. from the debtor, of
all the distress. Complete, i.e. so that tha propectyJa-iUa-totieited. Unless
a right and proper pledge has been given, i.e. unless a pledge has been
given for it according to law in a proper manner. The stay of every distress
with time, &c., i.e. the period during which the distress with time is upon stayin
the hand of the debtor without expense of feeding and tending, without forfeiture
being added to it, is the period during which expense of feeding and tending are
added to the immediate distress, which has no stay at all, but expense of feeding
and tending are added to it at once, i.e. there is stay upon every distress with time
with the debtor: but delay in pound commences at once upon the immediate dis- ,, -7

t ress, embracing its period of stay and driving, and there are five ' seds' fotacglect- **'

If* g4Kfeem it from that out

What makes a distress with time of it is a person of the same
rank as the debtor taking it. What makes an immediate distress of
it, is a chief taking it from an inferior person.

The following are immediate distresses, and their condition is that
they are to be brought by the plaintiff to his own residence at once on
being taken, and expense of feeding and tending shall accumulate
upon them during the period they would have been in stay, and during
the delay in pound, and forfeiture shall commence at the end of the
delay in pound.

Four things cause a distress to be immediate viz., 'dighlaim'' 2 of
'seds,' and 'dighlaim' of persons, and " chief from inferior," and
" territory ;" and territory is here applied to the residence of the

Senchuf TTlotx.
DISTRESS. cruc cruchon ceT).] 1fe-6 if TJiglaini fer arm na feoic piariainati

; QijL ,b*i<i\ anuafanajari ame ari prc, no ari crieip ari pic, no ari ctiicci art

pic, no arl oechinat'o ari pie, a fagait fif aTla af 1 alTle .culler, no
ari erieip tulla, no ari cuicci culla, no ari T>ecmaiT> cutta.

fe if oiglaim nT)ame ant>, arhairi ocof mac ocuf ua, octif
bricrchaifi ocuf ben ; cac m if cutta -DO im a cincco buT)em if culla
ini cmaiT) m cmari fo, ocuf cac m nac culta T>O ima cmaiT)
p , mi-oein noca culta T>O im cinai-o m cuiciri fin ; ocuf ciaman cutla

--' O'D. 96. T> O [mac] ima anaiD bnT>ein e, ocuf im cinait> m cuiciri fin, noca
/otalta T)O im cinaiD neic eile cenmoca an T)iaf a oeriam uamn fif,
1T1 T*n****adi f tmi'ote pne ocuf m faen'Dle'oac fo int>ti

If ftfo if tiafal T)o ifil ann each achjabail gebuf griat) fecra
DO sriat) if ifti maf, no if eclaif fori each ; if ca-hgabail cutta.

If feT) if erne an-o cac achgabail gebcari rari m erne, .1. CIT> be
mil T)ti5if na paca o biif cari criich CUICIT> -olefcarv, if
acsabail cutla ; ocuf cit> i in cechfvuime efinail berief m anh-
jabait fori tulta Tjiglaim ntiame, if amlain beirief hi, ocuf
C. 2686. [nechrari] -oo na rrn he^nailib aile, .1. T)i5taini fee, no oafal m>
ifel, no qiich. ^^ ww <* (j% tlfc

r, UMV/

i Jc 1ce achgabala ail ame tnp : achgabail fiaitTDe tap,

irn

yp,i paichcbi ; achgabail peicheman aflui TilijiT) ; adiga-
wMMW*^ bail natmna "Do riapbgc rjafcej ach^abail ptaT)naife T>o . .,-
naTibec urofiaice ; acTigabail fiaiche afltn coifi; *

tf bail aicifie aflui peile ; a^hgabail cruu potieich a

'i, Q'ftff rjpbl\e; achjabail eifcig afltn comalc; achgabail

"Denma T5UH1 ; arhjabail aiftlicce ; achjabail comume

an-

SENCHUS MOB. 215

plaintiff, or to his land, and not to a cantred. ' Dighlaim 1 of ' seds' DISTRESS.
implies that the ' seds' found above upon one day of stay, or upon
three days of stay, or upon five days of stay, or upon ten days of
stay, are found down here upon one day immediate, or three days
immediate, or five days immediate, or ten days immediate.

' Dighlaim' of persons relates to father, and son, and grandson, and
brother, and wife ; whatever is immediate to a person respecting
his own liability is immediate to him respecting the liability of
these five persons, and whatever is not immediate to him respecting
his own liability is not immediate to him respecting these ; and
though it should be immediate to a son respecting his own liability
and respecting the liability of the said five persons, it is not imme-
diate to him respecting the liability of any other person except the
two hereinafter mentioned, viz., the fugitive who has absconded from
his tribe, and the fugitive who has absconded from his territory.

" Chief from inferior" means the distress which one of the sep-
tenary grade takes from one of lower grade, or the church from all ;
it is an immediate distress.

" Territory" means every distress which is taken outside the
territory, i.e. whoever he may be to whom debts are due, if they
are due outside the boundary of a province, the distress is imme-
diate ; and as to ' dighlaim' of persons, which is one of the four con-
ditions that make the distress immediate, the way it is taken is in
connexion with one of the other three kinds, i.e., 'dighlaim' of
' seds,' or " chief from inferior," or " territory."

These are immediate distresses of one day : distress
for division between heirs ; distress for a fence, about
the pledge for corn fields, and grass fields ; distress

who is not truthful ; distress from a Sweety who evades

fusucfe ; distress from a hostate who vteftales hishonor ;^j/t4, AM**** .

H+ii-r b 7C * /nJ y u * '

distress of ^ftfedg which_are injposscssion ; distress from
* "^ a houseless person who evades fosterage ; distress for
PP ^. the erecting of a fort ; distress for a loan ; distress for
barter after evading ; distress for the stock from him

r- 4 ruuc*ix:

Senchuf1TI6p.

rsTRESS "

. octif

7w mAkf 0*17 mppaicli ppif nap, atcap; achgabait comapba con-
pan-oaccupu a nadiup; ccchjabail coca 1 n-aich^mui-
i, Trt,, ? toiyo, in^otinat), 1 f enchteichiu ctmcuic lap cornopbaib,

r 1 fencaipm, ocuf coptif biT) pladia o comopbaib.

1re actigabala cut aine, .1. ice myo na hachgabala bervan. afi in
cullaca jxe fie n-cone. CCchgab'ail fvainT>e icip. comojibaib, .1. feoir
mm no pacmb a n-acliaiTV acu, ocuf aca jimnn acaic; arv aine T>tesuii a
ciacconn, .1. pc aine 1 n-achari laannaic ecep.rvu, ocu^ ic nefam coi|x;TOe,
.1. no im riainn a peyiamn, ocuy ne)rani m ^en, ocu^ m cuiyci yunn in can

aca atiati name ipofi in ^erian-D, ocuy -Diglaim pec nom bejia po^i cutta ;
m can iniujirio aca anar>

cuajr ?mi\, nemne^am in pep, ocup 111

fie caichem annjxtTOe. CCdi^abail 1111 nne, .1. tm a oenam, .1.
in achgabail gabun, im nenroenam na Tumi bif icfn, na gu^ca afiba oai'p

's'na paicci veoin, ocuy iy Tim pn -DO bejxarv in getl coifiichnech, .1. gell na
fcrxepalt VT" -0150111 ocuf cuyisabail. P|ii gurvca, .1. aTvba, .1. art ame
otesuiv ocup ni -oon cecarvoa beiyiif i cutla; ac|va von fochanb bei|iif co
CU1CC1, ocuy pena na Tilesaii beiyxej- co oectnaiTi. CCcTigabail peiche-
man aflui t>lij;i'6, .1. peicemnuy |>ec aine coup na|x;ai|iecc ocuf

a t piat>naiy^ yec uine fvo gabu-pcafi in crMuyi fo -DO laim, ocuf iy aiive nac
paici5eiiT> anaT> ^01x^0, uai|* nac eicm ooib a 1C, .1. uayat gaibep .1.
aicip.e noy gaib tap, n-etoD no pechemam ; no aigni veinroen a aigneya
ia|X ngitl a top vT^f co nnerina lafumi. CCchgabait tia-oma -DO
nanbac nayce, .1. poricsellcro naycaiyxe fio nay paip. [.i. a gabait T>OH
98. trnaycui|ie cu po caiybenunn a na-pcaipecc ocuy naycuiriecc yec aine po
gab T>O laim ann.] .1. co nnefina comcobacn pp,i u i -1- aicgin oo ic -oon

.. ''"rS^P^wnace oo cobach a nafcairiecca, ocuy c|M feme, uc oicnnc
if m OeririuiT)e ; ylan oo imu^rxo ma n-oech. CCcpa port |>ochaiT>e beiriiy

cach ni -otb yo pji\ cutcci, yena na -DlesuTV bei^iy co T)ecniaiT) ; m T>on
)c cecha|iT)a beifiey i cullacaiT).

CCtcronl, peichemntif ocuf nafcaip,ecca ocuf picronaife fee aine
fio jabyac m cfiiafi fin -DO lami; if ime nac an inbleogain -ooib
he, timn- nach eicm -ooib a ic.

rnnditiont. Vide supra, p. 213.

*uW*v'~ 1 SENCHUSMOR - 217

who_liaa not -supplied the -food-rent, and for the DISTRESS.

fosterage-fee from him who has not performed the

fosterage ; distress from heirs who divide the contracts **' 77 .

of the father ; distress for the share in tEe kila,6f a

mill^bclonging to oevcral, in an old bend-vassal te.

wboai-tke heirs wcro entitled, in an old caldron, and

the proper food-rent of the chief, which must be supplied

by the heirs.

These are immediate distresses of one day, i.e. these are the distresses
which are brought out immediately for the period of one day. Distress for
division among heirs, i.e. their father had left 'seds' of one day to them, and
they are dividing them ; it is required by law that they be forthcoming in one day, i.e.
thcv divide the ' seds' of one day of their father between them, and they are neces-
saries of life ; i.e- or it is about dividing his land, and in this case the grass and the
water are articles of necessity when there is a stay of one day upon the land, and
' dighlaim' of 'seds' causes it to be immediate ; but where there is a stay of three days
above upon it, the grass and the water for use are then not articles of necessity.
Distress for a fence, i.e. for making it, i.e. the distress which is taken for
neglecting to make the fence which is between the corn fields and the grass fields,
and it is for this the relieving pledge is given, i.e. a pledge of two ' screpalls' -fo*>
violation and trespass. About the pledge for corn fields, i.e. fields of corn,
i.e. it is due in one day, and one of the four conditions 1 causes it to be imme-
diate ; suing from many extends it to five days, and denying that it is due extends
it to ten days. Distress from a suitor who evades the law, i.e. the
three persons took in hand the advocacy of 'seds' of one day and contract-binding,
and witness of ' seds' of one day ; and the reason that their stay is not extended is,
because they are not bound to pay, i.e. a-cbief in-Ai't the sei?ure, i.e. ho coijjoo a
hostage after the suitor has evaded: or he seizes an advocate who refuses to
plead, after having received a pledge for his fee, and detains him until haloes plead

afterwards. Distress for a caBtra^tTJEMetrt5~rroT'kept, i.e. '
. Jjt&itvM, w,frt, *r jtsM&.ijM-'^.V^ *(^

****' JW&'j 4 *' ' yvfi'ty**' **"&*, . ,. . . ... , ,.

of a contract -binder is bound upon him, i.e. he is distrained until he proves his

contract-binding, and it was contract-binding respecting a ' sed' of one day he
undertook, i.e. that he assist them in distraining, i.e. restitution is paid by the
contract-binder if he does not go to enforce ti$i eentracfyand a fine of three ' seds'
as laid down in the law q/'Berruide ; but he is free if he does go. Suing from many
extends the time in each of th> live days; denying that it is due extends

it to ten days ; one of the four conditions causes it to be immediate.

According to another book these three took in hand to effect
advocacy, and contract-binding, and evidence respecting ' seds' of
one day, and the reason thtt thoif fatfattfty-itt-nftk that of a kinsman ^. k S7

is, because they are not obliged to pay it. M 7- <*>

DISTRESS. CCehgabail via-onaife t>o nacbec in-ojiaice, .1. achgabail

5<rt>ufv t>oti panam na etc T>O eaif bena mt>n,icuf a par>naif e, .1. tan, na

O'D. 98. r 6 " 10 T)0 V 6 " 1 ' ' parmaife fee cone, ociif 111 T>on ceeharvoa betnif [a cul-

Uicai*]. CCchsabail n-aiche aflui coin, .i.co nwnna cobach; no if

5-|vaic pjictiemnef intvpn.

I'fl /87O ^^ Fe'chetnntiif f eoic mrie > ocufj fiac aicifiuf -peoic aine fio

Sabufcafi in -01 af fo T>O Until, ocuf if aifu tiac an inUeo^diti

T>oib he, umri m |io gabfac T>O laim a ice. Ocuf m t)on cecayi'Da

beof ; no ma fosabmif T)O tatm a ic, no iqxnnf arhml cinair> m

/Dinbleogain.

CCchgabiiil aiciyie aflui peile, .1. if matin ocuf 111 fiait im cobacli.
veile, .1. elap af, anaitii; -pec cmie ocuf ni TOn cecatiTia,

WM, / ^*^ Wchgabail cn.ui porxeicti a f at-obrve, .1. a feoic vein nia

"" ejx> ' 1trie rv ' a ac ^ a ' ' t10

J li -n^J^ CU ^ '^ 1CtIV "" ex> ' 1trie rv ' a ac ^ a ' ' t10 r 60 ^ alne 1 10 'ol'Seti 7)00 achatri

-^M' ;fan "' CUr n ^ acc " b '" c-ac'iairx "oa yecaib vein -oil a pach ; ocuf tnuna

^ <*!*&. K 1 ** 7 vacbai-6, rvo poxlebaro, ocuf m T>on cetarx'oa, 7|it., .1. m cef banT> nac

rjfrd-frJM'' ^ noDburi, ocuf oca ttia farobpe m fee, ocuf arn.alla in c-achai|X ma

A ^ tW * L^t 0$ fcechaii), ocuf if _saic m fee, .1. elut) layi tiecatb ifef> -DO-D mbeiyv o cuicci

** ' c ' ve ' 1 ; fl1 cc iia cunncabaiie a bit ma m-ob --

_

t it*'' c ' ve 'r 1 ; fl1 Wcc iia cunncabaiTie a bit ma f m-ob^e if eT> -DO-D mbei^ o
l*erieif i co home icrp, pie ; if er> -o<m mbeip, o home ia-p, pic co caul ame crp,
na emri cuivixcujaT). CCchgabail eifetg aflui cottialc: eifeij;, -1-
cin cech OCflui com ale, .1. m poenlesach, .1. co nrcena-o a cech,
9 .1. nefam m bia-o ocuf m cecach n.o caiehe* -p,if, ocuf anar> naitie ain.
ocuf Diglaim fecjjpbeitx potx cullacaiT); no aeligabail gaburi von ci cuf
2fna bi eech ihT>li5iT> a comalcaiyi, ocuf comaleaTv ban aitimec he. CCchga-
ba'il T>ennSa -ouin, .1. nefam m gniniTiaT), ocuf ana* name aiyi, ocuf
TOslaim fee, .1. in biaathain. gebif aft a ceilt, .1. uafal wpl. CCchsa
bail aiyvlicte, .1. feoic ame cucat> a|i aiyilicat) ann, ocuf anaf> name
atn, ociif -Diglaim fee afbeip. pop cullacait), .1. gabail gaibef oca.
loCCclisabail comume iayi nelo-o, .1. feoic ame cuca* ap, comam ant>
beof, ocuf anoD name ain, 7Til- CCchsabail r<.aich T>on au|ibiachan,
-1- -Daennaie, .1. ccchsabchl/pxtca cecgiallna, ocuf uafal po|i if el nof beip,
Vop, cyieif i, .1. aicligm m bro pi f unt> von, um, no if T>eop,aiT). 1 an.i\i ch
O'D. 99. FT*T ria | 1 ' a^carv, .1. in e-achairx gaibef [rrclisabail] nn aicngin bro
^ ifocuf ecaij m mic, no im atchj;in na hiapca, .). cm aleyiam n-iciji, f unu,

ijj'f. ! ocuf T>O sni bee n-aleftum euaf.

C- c|va qn feoic mnrti; rpi feoic 6 fecheminn

./. (Xtf^flJ' vfi trtti j\ AWw -fit -IUTV % 41 ffWtW^l cuhtu, I- ijdjfo '_)

SENCHTJS MOR. 219

Distress from a witness who is not truthful, Le. distress which istaken DISTRKSS.
from the witness who does not come forward to show the truth of his evidence, i.e.
after its denial by himself, i.e. the evidence respecting a 'sed' of one day ; and one
of the four conditions caujesitjt^be immediate. Distress j n ^ t | u ^ t y who oif l>. 3
evades j*ti,. i.e. A w*tff he distrains; or he isa surety JtaMtthwacr in this case.

These two undertook,acurity for advocacy for a 'sed' of one day,
and rxmunty foi-pfov^Eag-a-hostage for a ' sed' of one day, and the
reason that their liability is not that of a kinsman is, because they
had not undertaken to pay it. And " one of the four," &c. ; or if
they had undertaken to pay it, they should pay it as in the case of
the liability of a kinsman.

Distress from a hostage who violates his honor, Le. it is the same
as the suretyjwith' < respect to the levying. Who violates his honor, Le. who
absconds to his'shame ; it is a 'sed' of one day, and " one of the four," &c. Distress
of cattle which are in possession, i.e. a person's own ' seds' in his presence,
and he has evaded respecting them before the suit, Le. or 'seds' of one day were due
nf the father in this case, and the father has left of his own ' seds' what is sufficient to
pay his debts; if he has not, the distress will be made, and "one of the four conditions
will bring it," &c., i.e. nothing is wanting, and the ' sed' is in his possession, and the
father evaded in his life-time, and the ' sed' is a stolen thing, i.e. evading after the,
f'ltlitrf death is what reduces it from five to three days ; there being no danger or
doubt as to its being in possession is what reduces it from three days to one day
with time ; what reduces it from one day with time to an immediate distress of one
day is that he hno mt g?"" r P aiT 1 tnaii/. Distress from a houseless
person who evades fosterage: 'eistech' means without a house; who
evades fosterage, i.e. the wanderer until he builds his house, Le. the food and the
clothes which were used by him are articles of necessity, and there is a stay of one day
in this case, and ' dighlaim' of ' seds,' $c., causes it to be immediate ; or it is a distress
which is taken from a person who has not the house lawfully fit for the fosterage,
and this is the fosterage of a blemished woman. Distress for the erecting
of a fort, i.e. the work is one of necessity, and there is a stay of one day upon it,
and ' dighlaim' of ' seds,' <fc., i.e. one brother takes it from the other, i.e. chief from
inferior. Distress for a loan, i.e. 'seds'of one day were given as a loan in this
case, and there is a stay of one day upon it, and 'dighlaim' of 'seds,' cfe., causes it to be
immediate, i.e. the distress which is made. Distress for barter after evad-
ing, Le. ' seds' of one day were given in exchange in this case too, and there is a
stav of one day upon it. &c. Distress for the stock from him who has
not supplied the food rent, i.e. the base tenant, Le. distress by a chief of first
claim, and chief suing from inferior brings it to three days, i.e. the restitution of the
food here has a stay of one day, or the person is a stranger. For the fosterage
fee from him who has not performed the fosterage, Le. the father takes
distress for the restitution of the food and clothing of the son, or for the restitution
of the fosterage fee, Le. in this case no part of the fosterage was performed ; hut
in the former case a small part of it was performed.

There is a distress for which a fine of three 'seds' lies; three

220 -Senchup 1T)6p,.

DISTRESS. eoicheDa a nmTjligetJ aegabala Tjpoma fpi lu<p, .1. a ngabail cm
aput), cm epofcutj, no cap ctncfin cipc, .1. cpi feoicfBo biT>buit> TJIO

neloi-6 nia fechemum eoicherja gin gella gm ecipe, ocuf cumul

feccmai) mapbca mtma capgar> biaT>; ocup Tjiablat) m bit) ocuf
rtnabloT) pac, ocuf cpi peoie eloifiee nn lu, ocuf ep/i feoic a
nemlegeti T>poma fpi liaf . "Oia eoipgiupcup. biati octif TJiablaf>
pac,^ ocuf ep,i peoie eloiTJce ocuf cp,i peoic a nemligen T>poma
fpi liaf. tec cumul Tjno 6 fechemum a poxal acgabala im lu
a cpich co ppmi ecluif no go p,i, ocuf m p.o eloirj im -opuim
/ofpi liaf ; ocup lee cumul T>no 6 brobuiT) ma fopngabait) t>o
fecheam aca bpec co ppmi ecluif no p/i, im"elot) T)pumcTf)ii
liaf . Cumul Tjno o fechemum a foxal achgabala im lu cap, i
cen a bpeic co ppmi ecltnp no p,i, ocup cm eloif> mi t>puim
liap ; no ana bpeic -oia cig paT>efin a cp,ic cm a bpeic co
'^ecluif no p,i, ocup cm eloujce tipoma fpi liap ; ocuf cumul
nno o bit>buiT> ma popngabao TJO fechemum tap, na bpeic amac
cap, cp,ic, tap neloi) im T>i\uim ppi liap , ocuf lap, na bpeic co
ecluif no pi.

T)ia ce nono bitibuirj i ntieaguiT) a acgabala cap epic, ocuf co

10 caipge gealla ocup aicip,e T)ia cmn T>O fechemum, ocuf nf gabat)

uatia, flan TJO a coxal uana/ cm coicherj ace a haific pop cula.

TTla apaT) ocup cpopcat) imopp,o T>O bepa biTbuiT> pop feche-
mum coichena mi a aehgabail, ocuf m cmcuiehap, ocup ip
cuepuma piac a heloitce ocup a nelo-6 fim TJO p,ac pm fop pecmi

5~ oga cig mi na epi pecuib co parji, ocup im cumuil pecemat)
mafibca, ocup mi Tjmblu mbi'i> amuil p.o p,ait)Ufcup ; ace gaibiTi m
fecem lap na coici cticp,uma m pec po gabupcup, ap cup. "Dm
cmcaichep cm eloTj, ip plan T>on biuTjbuiTJ m tuablu po gab 6
peeem maille fp,if m fiach fo, ap cuepuma mrjligiT> peeem ocuf

3ebiuT)buit) ann fo, ocuf -poxal cap cpich 6 pechem cm a bpeeh co
ppim ecluif no co p,ig, ace co ceg paTjepn.

SENCHUS MOR. 221

'seds' are due of the plaintiff for unlawful distress taken in a cow- DISTRESS.
shed, i.e. for taking it without notice, without fasting, or after
tender of his right, i.e. three 'seds' are due of the defendant if
he should evade giving to the plaintiff pledges or a hostage, and a
' cumhal ' the seventh of that for killing unless food was offered ;
and double the food, and double the debt, and three 'seds' for ab-
sconding with a small debt, and three ' seds' for not permitting the
use of a cow-shed. If food has been offered, it is-foed and double
the debt, and three 'seds' for absconding, and three 'seds' for not
permitting the use of a, cow-shed. But there is half a ' cumhal' due
of the plaintiff for taking distress for a small debt from a territory
to a principal church or to a king, and when he did not evade re-
specting the cow-shed ; and half a ' cumhal' also is due of the
defendant if he retakes it from the plaintiff while bringing it to a
principal church or to a king, for the purpose of avoiding the cow-
shed. A ' cumhal' too is due of the plaintiff for carrying off a distress
made for a small debt across a boundary without bringing it to a
chief church or a king, and without avoiding the cow-shed ; or for
bringing it to his own house from a territory without bringing it to
a chief church or a king, and without avoiding the cow-shed;
and the defendant also shall be fined a ' cumhal' if he retakes it
from the plaintiff after his having carried it off over the boundary,
and after having avoided the cow-shed, and after having brought
it to a chief church or a king.

And if the defendant goes in pursuit of the distress beyond the
boundary, and offers pledges and a hostage for it to the plaintiff, and
that they are not taken from him, he is safe in taking it from him,
and there is no suit necessary but gimply-to-retake-it. ^ V> Hft

If, however, the defendant should serve notice and fast upon the
plaintiff for his distress, and that he is not responded to, tb*n the
fine upon him (the plaintiff) for sot responding is equal to that to
which the defeadaat subjected himself at his house, by evading, as
regards the twice three ' seds', and the ' cumhal,' the seventh of that
for killing, and as regards the double of the food as was said above ;
but the plaintiff, after the suing, takes a fine equal to that which he
took at first. If tender is made without absconding, the defendant is
safe in having taken the double from the plaintiff together with this
fine, fer the acts of the plaintiff and defendant are here equally
illegal, the distress having been carried beyond the boundary from
the defendant without having been brought to a chief church or a
king, but to his own house.

222

DISTRESS. Cute f eoic 'oono 6 feelieatti mi inT>ligeT> aehgubala T>p.oma fp.1

liaf , ocuf ma jabatl an aput> cin ep,ofciiT> no cap, caijigfin cip,c

o ca tu fuaf . Cuic feoic T>no 6 biuT>buit> -oia nelonb fecherii cin
gella, cm aicip,e, ocuf cumul feccmat) map,bta muna
5biari ; ocuf T>iablu, ocuf t)iablu fiac ocnf cumul etoit)te,
cute feoic a nenilecaT) ti|ionia pfii liaj\

i, a coxal acjabala, 6 ca lu fuaf, a c|iic co
ecluip no 1x15, ocuf tup, eloit> an T)i\uini f^u liaf . Lee piach
game tino 6 bibuif> ma pojingabail ~oo pecherii a quc oc a byxet
>co pp,mi ecluif no p,i, icrp, neloT) i nT)p.umi p|

Ldn fiach jaicri T>ono 6 ^ecem atgabml 6 ca Iti fuaf rafi qxic
cm a bp,ec co pp,im ectuif no p,i a cp,tc cm a elot) in T)p,iiini ^xi
liaf.

Cm gaici tiono 6 biuT>buiT> ma fop^ngabail t>o pechemum ma

isbp.ec cap, cp,ich, ocuf p,o eloni) mi T>p,umi -pp,i tiap ; if iap,nabp,ec

co pp.im ecluif no p,i a cp,ich if cucyiuma fiach a coxal, arnuil

afp,ubap,camup,, r>o fechemuin ocuf a fop-njabail no biu-obui*

r>e if na gnecib fo uile, amutl af|xubap,catnup, an flicc buf ap,

acgabail tio cam ecalfa, .1. ap, cajachnp, afap,ar>a
ac na hiflib, ocuf lech pach f aip, ma bfiec co nech if ifli nu aip,e
upj> ; ocuf lech fiach faip, ma bp,ec fp,iji pop,Uf fern f.o cecoip,,
cicpcp,abep,uf , ocuf lecfiach faip, ma bp,ech fo cecoip, cap, cp,ic ;
ocuf if tiip, a coxal co pp/im ecliiif no p.15 a cp,ich.

cp,eifi fop, cac nachjabail, .1. cp,eift co
cac acgabala na nibo feifi, no co ciajaicc ba fefi ma cenn mp,
na ngabdil, .1. cute loci t>ec lap, na ngabail cm bu fefi ma cent) ;
octif ma mbe ceop,a cp,icha ecup,p,a, no ce bee tin if lia T>O

SENCHUS MOK. 223

There are five 'seds' due of the plaintiff for illegal taking of DISTRESS.
distress in a cow-shed, and taking it away without notice, without
fasting, or after the tender of his right, from a small debt up.
There are also five 'seds' due of the defendant, if the plaintiff
be evaded without having been offered pledges or a hostage, and
he pays a 'cumhal' the seventh of that for killing unless he
had offered food ; and double restitution, and double fine, and a
' cumhal' are due for absconding, and five ' seds' for not permitting
tlie use of a, cow-shed.

There is half the fine for theft, for carrying away a distress, for
any thing from a small debt up, frew-a territory to a chief church or
a king, -ovoa when the cow-shed is not avoided. And there is
half the fine for theft due of the defendant for recapturing it from
the plaintiff in the territory while he is bringing it to a chief church
or to a king, after ha*ing-avei4ed the cow-shed.

But the full fine for theft lies against the plaintiff for carrying a
distress, for any thing from a small debt up, across a boundary
without bringing it to a chief church or a king in the territory,
j wrth"oTjt-<tidiag the cow-shed.

The fine for theft also lies against the defendant for recapturing
it from the plaintiff when he is carrying it across the boundary, aad
that- ho bao -aroidrd the cow-shed ; it is after bringing it to a
chief church or a king in the territory that the fine for carrying it
off by the plaintiff, as we have said, is equal to that for recapturing
it by the defendant, in all these cases which we have mentioned above.

Distress is carried to a church, i.e. because it-is regarded-as-Ute
pfepeg -pla.c,ft iq.thp case-of-ihe humble people, and there is half fine
for bringing it to any person of lower grade than the Aire-ard ;
and half fine lies against a person for bringing it at once to his own
habitation, whatever his claim may be, and half fine lies against him
for_bringing itat^once over the ^boundary ; but it is right to carry it
off to a chief cKurch or to a king in the territory.

There is a delay in pound of three days upon every distress, i.e.
three days till the delay in pound of every distress for cow-feeding
sets in, or until cow-feeding is added to them after taking them, i.e.
they are for fifteen days after taking them without cow-feeding
L' udded to them ; and should there be three territories between

224 Senchuf

DISTRESS. cfuchaib er;ufvp,u tn T>O fume [cuicte caca cliche] con 7>ic
~~ cuiceT), ocuf if mi fechnon 6fienn, .1. if cerhvuiime -non

a tnbia f ecc cumulu -oec irnpa ^efi, ocuf -DO emcee a colann
otchena, ocuf gabufx aehghbail eile T>e co p.o iccht^ m ceeh-
,rp,tiitne vo jiochaiji if in ^ef, .1. CIT> bee ci rnoy., ocf if a^ T>ech-
muiT) iach pefi each achgabala, .1. na fecc cumata -oec; co
ctucce imu^fio piac ^?ep cac acgabala co ^151 lu ocuf itn tu
l^m ; no if -oechTnaif) each atgabail a coitchenne ; ocuf aput)
^ T>echmaiT>e imoiaifio a|i gach ntxune ^5^111 be^UfYiach crchjabail

- - iw: ocu bvaitx.

/ -oo

8ecc nacgabala sabufi tini fecc cumuta, ocuf f 6 ba in each
achjabait, ocuf -piach ^efi -oo gabail inDiaij cac achjabata ; no
oono if a|X ti-oichim achjabala vnte jabuyx achjabait iipuin
1C ^e ba gabup, in gach achjabail umun

-Ceceojia atsabata gaibterv um lc fecc cuinala, ocuf fe ba in
cac acgabait T)ib f o, ace aon atsabait, ceoriti bai inT>cip-&e, a|i m
'"-TT h-ufisarim ni if lugae T>O gabail naic cjii bai ; jxo huiajafita m

but) mo ; ocuf if curcuma aicgina imu^o gabup, im tu a naon
atgabail, ci-6 cumot cro lercumut cii) cyii feoic. Cuctiuina pach
* i mt W 5abut\ a naon crchgabail im gum -ouine ocuf mi map-baii,
- ocur im elot> seilt, ocuf if coxal DOfbeiix ocuf yr^ 1 ^*r
^?aT)6fin ; no T)no ciacc coma|xtecuT) cucrivima pach jabufi rtTaoTia
atgabail im ^um omne, ni fio comafilecaT) a coxat nach a

i, nach ach^abail -oobefiutv ^P-1 5 airc ocu f
.1. d-o m6fi -o'etxcib T>li5iufDina, ni ^ebenn ace gpe bai no -
Din, ocuf -Damati Itiga naici, cuma tuga naicci ife gabta m crch-
gabail utnpu ; ocuf T>tnne nac oligit) coxat e, uaiyi T>atna siieim
no T)lep if cuq\uiiia ^1 no sebcro ; ccuf Dianroif ^eich cuiyx no
30 connai\ca 100; cuma cucfiuma no gabcro cac Duine an
umput).

'filOl-X, l C6J-0

SENCHUS MOB. 225

them (the plaint!/ and defendant), or though there should be a greater L. .

number of territories between them, rmtttntrps lidded bttt fivo days /^^ /^ &*** i

JaiL-eacL temtety until -it oxtunds to a province, and a month if
throughout all Erin, i.e. the fourth of the distress in which there are
seventeen 'cumhals' is forfeited for the feeding, and they are all
forfeited for the original debt, and then another distress is taken
from him until the fourth part is paid which was forfeited for the
feeding, i.e. whether the distress was small or great, and the debt for
the expense of feeding of every distress has a stay of ten days, i.e.
of ' I'enj distress of the value of seventeen ' cumhals / but the debt
for the expense of feeding of every distress for a small debt down,
and for the small debt itself, has a stay of five days ; or every dis-
tress has a stay of ten days commonly ; and there is, moreover, a
notice of ten days upon every person in ' Cain'-law for every dis-
tress that is taken for theft or plunder.

Seven distresses are taken for seven ' cumhals,' and six cows in
each distress, and a distress for expense of feeding is taken after
every distress ; or indeed it is after the delay in pound of all the
distresses that the distress for the feeding is taken, and it is six cows
are taken in every distress for the feeding.

Four distresses are taken for half seven ' cumhals,' and six cowa
in each distress of these, except one distress, in which there are but
three cows, for it is not forbidden to take less than three cows : it
was forbidden to take more ; and the equivalent of restitution is also
taken for a small debt in one distress, whether it be a 'cumhal,' or
half a ' cumhal,' or three ' seds.' The equivalent of the fines, too,
is taken in one distress for wounding a man and for killing, and
for the escape of a hostage, and he distrains in his own turn ; or
HOTV if it be ftgred that the equivalent of the fines be taken in one
distress for the wounding of a man, it is not agreed to levy it or to
give it on its own accouut. fL> ^ ^ t| '< i*, I

Another version : Whatever distress is taken for theft and
plunder, &c., i.e. though a man is entitled to ever so much of 'eric'-
fine, he cannot take but six cows for what is due to him, and if he
is entitled to less than these, less shall be taken in distress for them ;
and this is a person who is not entitled to distrain, for if he vvas
entitled to a claim on it he shall obtain an equivalent with it ; and
if they are debts of bargain and contract every person concerned

shall take distress equally.

q

Senchur

a s 5 aba,l atrhsabala inbteo$tnn in -

O'D. 618. '""TN -1- mm tine, ocur [commnell ruaice], ocuf ceattach ren-
airhrie, ocur DO roxteo cruan. 7)0 .11,1. ocu r T a T c n^tr^cc, ocur
tarcm fier bjieiciti, ocu r rare cm ancro ra^ocur paT>nuiri oia
.rmbt togeiniuch.

Mach arhgabail -oo ben.nn. pp., 5 aic ocur bnairo 7T U., .1. CIT> mofi
asria r 'DO 5 a-ouib, ocu r T)o rtifioiTistiib, -oobria-Duib, -DO CT ieachuib
ocu r litwdiTvmb, ni pml TO gabail a ncrchgabala TO ni , r m6
na f e bat. 1 r ann oca tin, in can T tno nd T e bm TXO ^13 ocur
Ta r a re bai buTOin, no m , r luga n o ,l,g, cuyiub ni if Iflta na

ac1i 5 abail comariba conrian-Dac cu n a at) achu 1T v,.i.cenT)achi
ibDela, 5 -DO, ocur ne n-ec cue cuno me,, ocu f ancro naine pumni, .,. nmt
cur ce n T,a, 5 e, ocur T bruirhaiTi 5 eber T>m riailci ocur ara,r a n amT> T>O
ib in achan V em, .,. no ,r an no pacaib onria, ocur achgaba.l S aban
b no co nomnec ecan-Tiu txifa ca,a c anatmp, cuiyv ocur mboD o i
5Untn T)ame reo pacaib acu, ,r mne tiac an inbleosa.n W ib he, reoic
ame ocur ni -non cechan,T>a, -jfii.

CCcngabait coca . n-aich muitanT, in ouna-o, .1. in-mnurcecnu
ocur T>t 5 laim rec ecariyvuv monecuyx conoib cuic cait T>ib ann i ,
bnaclwntv 5 a,ber a,a a ceite. 1 rencnleichiu cuncuic , Bln C0 n)o n -
ib, .1. a-o ren he ir neram ne 7)enam gtiimnan), .1. im in cleict ren
ncer icin, na comecaib onba, tm a cuic -ooib -ce, ocuy 111 -oon cecarvoa 1
ren rech, no rencte.t, aicille. .1. 111 b^acha^ nuc a cuic on briacham
Xle -DO cac tii wb rm, ocur ana* name mn, ocur wstaim recar beip. pon
cultacaiT). 1 rencairxiu, .1. C.-D ren he -oo nichep, m ar, ocur n. 7>on

/v&M^A C TT,nl r ' , C01 r blT> ^ lacha P comonbaib, .,. a^m [no

crch 5 abait] bra vtaca cecgmllna pori amejocur uaratpon, trelbei^rpon
cullacait), .1. cntsin m bra ona comoribmo gaib^oe in n-maT> a n-athan.,
0'&H3 ^^^ if e a an pem, uain, -oo^abrac T>O taim a ice, .1. ptaic geber'
ocur if mn, ponai'omaim DO pon, como|iba; no bjxachaip. gather T)iatiaile.'

||0 'A/0 3 CCchgabait aicne ; ca-hjabail rocuna caifiti ;

b ^ -otngbala tneic -Dia map.bjchich a machqi;
bail huicliip, T)o

1 Seven. Then; arc eight mentioned.

SENCHUS MOR. 227

Seven 1 things are necessary at the taking of the distress from a 1
kinsman in ' Urradhus'-law, i.e. level land, security of territory, the
land of ancestors, three driving it out to four, notice by track of the
cattle, notice by the_third_word, and notice without any stay whatever,
and a witness whose honor-price is equal to the value of the distress.

Every distress which is taken for theft and plunder, <tc., i.e.
however great may be the amount of what he claims for thefts, and
robberies, plunderings, spoils, and incursions, he cannot take in dis-
tress more than six cows. The time he can do lliis is when be is
entitled to more than six cows ; and if he is entitled to six cows
only, or less, he shall then take less than this in the distress.

Distress from heirs who divide the contracts of. the father, i.e. the
' cennaighe' of a kinsman is due to him, and he had made a contract about it
before his death, and there is a stay uf tine day upon it, i.e. stock and 'cen-
naighe," and one brother takes it from the other; and there are forthcoming as
many of the ,'seds' of their father as mil discharge the debt, i.e. or it was a liability
he left upon them, and distress is taken from them until they divide between
them the liability for which their father, who left an inheritance, was bound by
contract, i.e. this is ' dighlaim daine' he left with them, and the reason that it
is not the liability of a kinsman is because it is a ' sed' of one day, and " one of
the four," &c. (bn/C Vf- 6' A- "3

Distress for theshare inthekilnofamillbelongingtoseveral, i.e.
after the same manner, and ' dighlaim' of ' seds' between them, it it bo knavrn that the
share of each and all of them was there, i.e. one brother takes it from the other. In
an old bond-vassal to whom the heirs are entitled, i.e. though he is old he
is necessary for doing work, i.e. for the old bond-vas-al to whom the heirs are
entitled, i.e. respecting their share of him, and "one of the four," &c., i.e. an old
family, or an old dependent, i.e. one brother took his share from the other of all
these things, and there is a stay of one day upon it, and ' dighlaim' of ' seds' <
it to be immediate. In an old cauldron, i.e. though it is old something is
made out of it. and "one of the four" also, &e. The proper food-rent of
the chief which must be supplied by the heirs, i.e. the restitution or
distress for the food-rent of the chief of first claim has a stay of one day, and "chief
from inferior" causes it to be immediate, i.e. restitution of the food-rent by the
heirs who (took the place of their father, for it is their own liability, for they
undertook to pay it, i.e. the chief receives it, and it is after he has bound the
heir to it; or one brother takes it from the other.

Distress for a thing given in charge; distress for the
support of a champion; distress for taking eare of a son
from the dead breast of his mother; distress for-a e ^ic1T M ^f

UV. V. 5 Ob

man te=iake-eae_ef-him after he has become incurable.

Q '2

228

mop,.

T /i/fl 30^-
*"

DISTRESS. (Xchgabml aitne, .1. fee ame rue yt airne aim, ocuy if e yeni p,o
cait e, ocup ni oon cocapiia. CCdigabuil, poruTia ccnpp, .1. TH^Unm
fer, .1. urlipubail pubrliap, muti 111 pothaij;ir cap.pit na rtiaiti in bo melt;
ocup 111 bpachaip, p.o leic a cuic ap, a ceite TO, ocu-p ap ame ote^up, a
^ ciachcam ; m T>OTI cecapT>a beo-p, .1. bp,achaip, gaibep TOapaile im tc pp.if
a cocaT>on bom pn, .1. imin boin popuigicep cap,p.u; T>onamiTOb"oobep.ap,
.1. bobmranaptaca. CCchgabail T>in5bala meic -01 map.b chich a
macbai\, .1. T>i5Unm yer, .1. pne j^abup, .1. in 015 an, m bem, ocup if man,b
m ben, .1. ian, n-ecatb a mcrcnan,; no -oono if 015 cm laclir, .1. ma cjiog m
ftmarliaip., .1. achj;abail gaban, mi Dnigbait m mic T>O cic na marhap,
maifibi, uaip. m alayx o man,bcn,ai, a Tiein, leban,, .1. ne^ani m biati ocu-p m
ceracn fio caite-o n,iy>. CCchgabcut Tiuichii\ 7>o -Dingbail tan, n-oi-
poilsiT), .1. acngabait gabun, mi Tungbatl m pp. man, ion, na Diteip'p, .1.
/Mr > \ in pep, T 10 ""'T 1 '" c" 6 * T f e 5 abu r- ^"T 1 Ila W^S! ' ^T 1 " [] ic. /

C go t'

1/

. . r-.
Va I0<4

ap, na anac na hacligabata fo ? tlin. CC]i inT)e
110 Tia ^either, m pognai lam lairn ; m Tiaim
enectanT) anai) each tep bep Tiifi aup-pognum ocup im-
cliongnuTn ocuf ni bep Dip, eneclanroe. 1c/^e in T)a
pajxtctiaib nuT)a peichec uile.

to Ci-o ap, na anac? .1. CIT> an, nac anaT> ap, uc pt voppu? no nac anat>
ipa na ^o pl-pop.n,o? .1. nac ap, uc arac? CCp, mTie pafa'5't 1 ! ' "T 1 a
Dipif poipichmgic. t1oT>a p,eichec, .1. nop yome-o. t1i voS""' tarn
taim, ' nt vogeifa tio lamiyiu, tiain, noc eflan,ii. nocha pognann U'un
T 10 5 a ^ '" acligabait -DO tami in connatg iy a achgabait p.o
ann 1 n-aifciT> m ipa na p.e lan.'p a nibia ac bperc paipc na ach-
gabala cutla cm pogelca'D, cm bleicn -oo, .1. m pognanT) lam m byiacbap,
DO larni m corinaig bpachap eile, rnifcenurn a cora im aich i muilmt), 7pU
11 1 T>aim eneclatiT) anaT), .1. nocha niDaniann anar> iyia ma ana'6
name (pop 1 nt clanncap, T>on 015 ma henech, m eneclann, ap.

3o T>on 015 fin f-edi cadi oume). be^ T>ip, aup-pognam, i. bia-o

.1. a pjil popmcliaib ainp,i ocuf paiti, yp.1-; Inicnonsnum, -o'uachaTi, -1.
im a cm pem, no fe uoT>em a aenup, no cro nech T>ia nitimcip. ; -1. unaitli
p.e nech eite, .1. mi cm a compocaif, .1. t>o pocnai-oe. Ni be^ -Dip,
enectainT>e, .1. bif pop, tpebaiju, .1. ana'6 ipa na ym ap. eneclamn na

^ 110151 ap. excepcuf, .1. fimititep m cobac 730 aicip,i ocuy 130 pait, ypt.

SENCHUS MOR.

Distress for a thing given in charge, i.e. a ' sed' of one day was given in I
rhar .-,. h.T.. to a perton, an.I he consumed it. anil "one of the four," to. I > i
for the support of a champion, i.e. a 'dighlaim' of ' >cu,.' i.e. a d'-tre-, which
is taken for what supports the champions of the territory the fat OOWj and one
brother left his share upon the other, and in one day it should be 1
" one of the four" also. &c., i.e. one brother takes it from the other for bavin- paid
for him his share of that cow, i.e. for the cow which the champions provi.le ; from '

enemies it is taken, i.e. the cow which feeds the chief. Distress for taking care
,,f a son from the dead breast of his mother, i.e. ' dighlaim' of ' seds,' i.e. it
is the tribe who takes it, i.e. the breast is put for the woman, and the woman
is dead, i.e. after the death of his mother ; or it is a pap without milk, i.e. the
mother is in a decline, i.e. it is a OUtceu tint is taken to remove the son from
the breast of the dead mother, for the book says: -No nursing b done by a
dead breast," i.e. the food and the clothing canaumd-4^- him are articles of
-it}"" Distress for a sick man to take care of hin>jer he has

become incurable, i.e. a distress which is taken to teite-c*rc\Qf u sick man / ~^r f 33^
when he is incurable, i.e. the man who had inflicted the wound is he who takes it.
' larna difoilgidh,' means after he becomes incurable.

Why have not these distresses a stay ? Answer.
From the two maxims which give relief, "hand does ._ /r

not serve hand ; " "honor-price does not afford stay ^T-zH.n*-
in any behalf in which service and aid are due
and honor-price is not due." * These are the two flu ^ '
maxims wliicli relieve all. X

Why have not these distresses a. stay? i.e. why have they not a stay on
time? or, why have they not a stay longer than this? i.e. why are they not on
tune? From the two maxims, i.e. from the two knowledges which afford re-
lief. Give relief, i.e. thev relieve. Hand does not serve hand, i e. I will
ti, f !>' 'not fSG&v thy hand^SecausetSoil art not exempt, i.e. the hand of the sensible adult
who took the distress does not serve gratuitously the hand of the sensible adult
whose distress lias been taken here, longer than the time during which lie will be
bringing the notice of the immediate distress without tsjxnte of feeding or tending
to him, i.e. the hand of the onehrother does not serve the hand of the other -> n-
^ O,/ sible adult brother, To^fiSye ffifsffire with rpspm-t to U> kiln^ a mill, &c. H o -
' nor-price does not afford stay, i.e. it does not afford a longer stay for the
honor-price than one day ; (i.e. what is due to the virgin for her honor, the honor-
price, this is allowed as an exception in behalf of t lie virgi n 1 leyond ever}- other person).
lu which service is due, i.e. the food rent of Uiu lumml farm. i.e. what is on
u}e and m&y, &e. Aid. i.e. to afew, i.e. about his own liability,

n>

or it is himself alone, or any one of his people, i.e. together with another p
i.e. about the liability of his relative; i.e. to several And honor-price is not
due, i.e. which is upon security, i.e. there is a longer stay than that upon the honor-
],!;,. oi the I exception, i.e. in like manner is the levy':

Senchup fflop.

DISTRESS.] 1ce in <oa vapachmtj, .1. if iac in mi napij o^a. nof
'ti: Mi vognann tarii T>O tatrii ; ni -Datni" enectann anaT>, 71

1ce adigabala caul cpeipe mpo. Cip tip
pop, cpepi ? Nm. CC qu : fiecfic, ocup enech, octif
ainim. CiT) a pechc? Nm. "ptaca, o cha aipig Dey^a co
fiuice 1115. CiT) qi m pechcai fon ? Win. CCp if
p.echcai'O each poji a T)eif poDeipn, ciT) bee, ciT) mop.

Taut c|iei|-e, L cari anuaf create vein.) Ciy> tip.
cm tm T>a jg compOgettaT), 110 com]x>5eitc, .1. co comcoirisic. Hectic, .1.

ytaca. Onech, .i.J?eni, .1. ocuf filii>. (JCinim, .1. ectaya, o. in|^ T>ip T>O

ectaip, .1. a-Djio-oaiicftp, a c)XHi)x T>I cac Tiae TH ^UII-D fiy. Hecc ocu-p eneo

ocuy^ anim T>O 1x15, enech ocup anm -DO each otcena; cona 7>eiT>i -DO each

otcena, .1. enech ocuy anm ; cpeiT)i imup,n,o T>O 1x15, .1. fiecc ocup enec ocuy

..A _, amrn. 1y> -yiechc a citnayvcain, iy enec^ -DO bet pochai'oe, octi-p im comec

.Miiniia T>O m pm. Uechc, .1. inT>)\aicci ipitv no niTOixgieca. ptaca ocha
01^,15 T>e^a, .1. na 5|iaiT) vtata tnti iin. CTO an, in fiechtai poi' '
cai-oi m ap, a n-im>fiaicti ann yx) on? CCp, 1^ ixechcaiTi each pon. a
oei-p po'oei^in CIT> bee, cit> mojx, .1. ap, if itron-aicci each a|i apefiann
no an. a ceitib, CTO bee CTO mon, DO ^ejiann bey> aca -oib, .1. TPO pen.ann no

5cT>o ceitib.

Cipie lefa T)o na ib pen cafcnac cpeiper
cip, conjbail, puba, ocup puba, mechjpeipeta pig, plan
caipDe [1115], plan riampe, poc, pamac, pach Tiiriaup- JJ /
btachap, polach cecmuincipe, polach cip tobaip, aep,
aipep, 'Dibup'Dut), mepcbtuD aenaig, upjal cuipmchige,
pocpa napca, amtep TDO placha, poimpim eich buaT)a,

SENCHUS MOB. 231

and the surety, &c. These are the two maxims, i.e. these are the two perfect DISTRESS.
rules of knowledge which relieve all : " Hand does not serve hand j" " Honor-
price does not afford stay," &c.

These are the immediate distresses of three days.
How many things bring it to three days? Answer.
Three : rule, honor, and soul. What is the rule ?
Answer. That of the chief from the Aire-desa to
the king. Why ape^hey-rnters ? Answer. Because
every one is ruler of his own land, whether it be small,
or whether it be large.

/Immediate distresses of three days, i.e. the others are mentioned above.)
H"ow many things bring it to three day s,\.e. how many things bring, or extend,
i.e. earn,- it to three daysl Rule, i.e, of the chief. Honor., i.e. of the Feini t.e. and
of the poets. Soul, i.e. belonging to the church, i.e. what is due to the church, i.e.
thT"- ')"" r~ff\ nl 1 """"-s "* tha " whirh foUow. Rule, honor, and soul belong
to the king, honor and soul to every one in general ; so that all have two of them.
i.e. honor and soul; but the king has three, i.e. rule, honor, and soul. This,Antro^ ,
is his rule, to be with many ^ his ' enech,' and these are to preserve his T3& c
Rule, i.e. right or regulation. Of the chief from the Aire-desa to the
king, i.e. the are all the chieftain grades. Why are they rulers? i.e. what
is the reason that they are rulers? Because every one is ruler of his own
land, whether it be small, or whether it be large, Le. for every one is
ruler of his own land or of his own vassals, whether he possesses much or little of
them, Le. of the land or of the vassals.

What cases of these extend to three days ? Host-
ing, rent, an assembly, service of attack, and service
of defence, the failure to supply the feast of a king, the

V f >W'-iv* c V^*? l * / ^"^ 'Y* 1 ^f^'^*rv Zq.i/wf'' fyft'* * *"$*--*J o f* IT * -fVid

e*xi.. q "^^^tiFaliosta^, a road, a high road, stotk in return
for which food-rent isduef^ne maintenance of a first
wife, the keeping up of the rent of a sick person,
satire, ' airer '-fine, compensation, disturbing a fair, a
quarrel in an ale-house, disregarding a notice, the
injury of thy chief, working a valuable horse, taking

^.(2,.

*(.

.$/ C

Senchup

beim timllech ntro T)eprcro cuadicfrecofi potcro
lieman, bandorli biiui^cro po]i aiara T>o
epojiscnn -DO nuc, -DO 111050, T)i nnia on ic'mdiuib, adi-
curna -DO conlomnai, aiDnie atcoijie, peoic aenai^, tepqia
rcuijiTndiise, mech mccipe, pacbail obele icip, b ocup
taega, ujiba ici]a pe|iaib,

C He

Cifrie le]-a T>O na ib ^en, .1. cm le}\ no eta Itti -DO na htb vccca.
curnci PC i!c a lej-a o'acp.a pop cjieip cutta? .1. 750 c|ieip myi V"c, .1. ant
T rle r om coiyxroe T)OII crieip uqi pc -DO )iaUa pn-o ixjp. cut cjieij^:
io*tnseT), .1. pnacc meca ^lot S f& ajx cjietp, .1. cipen flotgeTi, Tfit. Ciy-,
.1. ) r, .1. cipe-o ctj- T>O na c]\t ctpb, 7T\t, S aba|\ -ntabaLca ajx C]xetp, .1. tn
pnacr ara itrottb pn mil ayx rpeip, ocuy- uapil vop. tpl bei|xt^ i culla-
cat-6 cac tit t>ib uib. Ille-h pet r e, .1. in pnacc meca a^ c]\eip, oour
au T al V on ipt pc. Stan caiti^e, .1. ife* if tmpn m Ucturo n- ei xci
i rotlglf i cup,brio cc cairiT)! T>aria y-lan, ocuir- m roon cecha)\T.a pc, .1. eneclann
'f' " 1"? ' "i''1'-i1T lf) " ril T-, ' T e vemif amjxe vivip tan n-(nn,..e,
.1. in latuTO neii\a T>li5iT> in c-aicirn i relguT) aicijup ai)(. Roc, .1. bee, .1.
1m a mbi cltro- Uamac, .1. tnojx, .1. im na bi cta-o, .1. rvamec cuf a yierenn
cac mp, y-ec, mp, conaip.?, .1. piKtcc tiemj;lanca na rioc ap, cpeip ocup in
wrxrn cetajvoa [ 7T O.] Hac1roinaup,biacap, .,. aicTijm p,aca voip-SKilLna;
a fmacc ap, cpeip, ocup tray-al pop ipl pc, .1. pjep.p,ac. Potach cec-
nnnncip,e, .1- nuyuJ.an;; ncc cecmuincip.e i_-p,i yie cpi niblm-oan, no T>O
Sp-epocurtecgabait-Diabalca m bi-o; ocupr)i Tjon cechap,T>a pc, .1. acliaip.,
ocu|- machaip., ocu^ op.uic, ocuf tnen, pop, um, ocu^ cacli potach olcena pop,

qt. iC80i < iK*f t 4 J!-cp.eip. polacli cif tobaipTo. im^puluns cifa 111 mne cp.oi & .1.
wabla* in ci r a, .1. in pnacc pt inn ip pi pint). CCen*i. eneclann, .1.
' 6 a ' 1 latl ' ua r l Vo^ if el v CCip-ep., .1. >n>. psccma'D, .1. la eneclann ; tiapil

pop, tpl. t)ibup.T)u-D?.i. m aenma-D p.ann pchic -DO neoch; no cumat) e
in coip.p-oip.e anyoc 1 baili 1 p.oicn a bee ap. cp^eip, no a enecligixip
T) aena.s, .1. -oebaiT) emu, .1. in pnachc; eneclann digi* ajx

1 Stay. The stay ( anadh,') of the immediate distress was a fixed period, dur-
ing which it remained in the creditor'. pis^Mon, or in one of the recognised

ponnda, whither it W11 .s taken on being Dewed. During the stay ('anadh') of the
distress with time, on the other hand, it remained in the debtor's possession, a
for it having been given to the creditor.

AW c/m/dfy. rfiXmMiMwv TnfawJJoJfa, buxM.

SENCHUS MOR. 233

an oath which the country does not confirm, withhold- DISTRESS.

ing his fees from the Brehon, to take from the Brewy

that which makes him famous in the territory, in-

juring thy son, thy slave, thy wife which is a blot

upon thy honor, maiming thy chained dog, injuring

the utensils of the altar, the 'seds' of a fair, the

vessels of an ale-house ; withholding the toilet requi-

sites, leaving the way open between cows arid calves,

making gaps between grass fields, making pointed c^M^- <f (n

//^ ^ *

What cases of these extend to three days? i.e. how great or how many
are those things which have use, the rights in respect of which have an immediate
distrc-s with three days .-lay? i.e. instead of three days with time, i.e. the tiling
which is a nt'co-ary tit life, and is subject to a di.-tress with time, having a stay
of the three days, becomes here subject to an immediate distress with a stay 1 of
three days. A hosting, i.e. the line for failing respecting a hosting has a stay of
three days, i.e. whatever hosting, &c. Rent, i.e. half, i.e. whatever rent of the
three rents, &c. ; double of it is taken in three days, i.e. the ' smacht'-fine which
is for all these has a stay of three days, and " chief from inferior" causes every one
of these to be immediate. The failure to supply the feast of a king,i.e.
the fine for the failure has a stay of three days, and " chief from inferior," likewise.
The inviolability of the interterritorial law of a tiny, i.e. he is entitled
to full 'eric'-fineforthe violation of his interterritorial law notwithstanding his invio-
lability, and "one of the four conditions" likewise, i.e. the king has .honor-price
for the breaking of his interterritorial law, and he himself is the lufetage for it. ' '
The safety of a hostage i.e. the full 'eric' fine to which the boiiUge is
entitled for eaeS&glior- 1 age^mpvfpon him. A road, i.e. a small one, i.e. to which
there is a fence. A high road, i.e. a great one, i.e. to which there is no fence,
i.e. a great road to which all by putlir anil by. rond'i pjjjrnd, i.e. the 'smacht'-fine for
not cleaning the roads has a stay of three days, and " one of the four conditions,"
&c. Stock in return for which food-rent is due,i. e.restitution of thestock
of the chief of second claim ; its ' smacht'-fine has a stay of three days and 'chief
from inferior," likewise, &c., i.e. free stock. The maintenance of the first
wife, i.e. the support of the first wife for the space of three years, or always, and
the second portion of the double seizure for the food; and "one of the four conditions"
likewise, i.e. the support of father and mother, fool and lunatic, has a stay of one
day, and every other support has a stay of three days. The keeping up of the
rent of a sick person, i.e. for continuing the rent of the sickly person, i.e. double
of the rent, i.e. the ' smacht '-fine which is for it is what is referred to here. Satire,
i.e. honor-price, i.e. for the full, "chief from inferior," &c. ' Airer'-fine, i.e.
upon the seventh, i.e. with honor-price; "chief from inferior," &c. Com-
pensation, i.e. the twcnty-lirst part due to a person ; or, it is the body-fine for an
unintentional offence, where it happens to have a >tay of three days, or for cau>ing
a person to blush. Disturbing a fair, i.e. by fighting there, i.e. smacht-fme ;

'

DISTBWS. cjip: m on oechoixwt. Upgat cuin.mchi 5 e, .1. pc ec oc.

n-ap^J-fmiricbictcttwotnicbiftbinigcttivapo*. CCtnlefDo ptaca,*-
.1- a plaic o'wnlaf -DO neoch, .1. abp.aic, co ti-otigi-o eneclanti t>e, in enec-
tann pn ap. cpeip ; no amtu r , .1. b^ach. Voiron-im eidi buaT>a, .1. 6
fpnacc, .1. pacti poimp.ime aT)T)

) ec-

Oeim tiaillech naT) nervca-o cuacha, .1. in pn tuig, .1. bo-airie no i'
oc-airxe, .1. naiU, cmnci im eneclamn m can nach c|ien mop, Impn nucif,

J. |k. ff C <j3> *" ^ ttla cua^r cal ray^" 1 * V'ac, .1. tinge citiT>ef> cinnic in cuaic ocur tioca

O'D. 105. neticmari teo fie ipa [atabai^c] ,me na cpeifi, .,. pn, na bo mT>lai 5 i,
^oocuf ancro tia hach 5 abala 5 ebcarv impi ap, CT ieip ; ocuf m oon cecajvoa
beip.tr. .

Cri -fjMh ovrd / Wv flf4JJi^ 1*4* ^Cn^hdi Tits ;

(b'A 1X8*)

1n """OT Yr- cac fee, m^ beoDilocuf maTit)T)it, if e fit) tie
)i 5 i cac feoic, .1. pp, na lutaia ap, aine, p^ na bo
afi cp,eifi, pp, na famatfce ocuf na -oai^re ocuf jia
yi cuicci,

Cecop, polaT) mbp,icheman, .1. -oa cecapchap, m T>a
on bp.eicemain, no aile-oec, enectann ap.cp.ei'p ; ni -oon cecap/6a, .1. T>iablaT)
na aile 7>ec. banctoch bp-iugai-o pop, cuaca t>o eiix-oi-obuT), .1.
aip/mbaT> mi m mbp-tugaT) mi r>a n-oenann aenec caicnemacifnacuacaib,

K> .1. na ba mtaega, no na mucafefcai ocuf m -oon cefeap,T>a, .1. peoic cpeip
Vein, no if toig pme. e-fopgain o true, .1. peoic ame p,o loic, .1.
eneclann ap,cpeip; ocuf m T>on cetap-oa. "Do nioga, .1. fie. T1 mna,
.1. opxain if mn|-a, a mbualai) no a pap.ugaT). On 1C 1 inchutb, .1. pem ;
1. if on a c'mcaib efop,cain t>o mna ocuf t>o mogaj in eneclann ml ann

z-Tap, cp.eip, ocuf m -oon cecap/6a. CCchcuma -DO conlomnai, .1. enec-
tann T>O cuma co hait no c[o] ha'oa'oon com bif ap,m lomain; in enectann, 1/>
ocuf mt>on cecap.'oa, i.apnacc'pun'Daaicjin vop.am. (Xfome at.coip,e,^
.1. cuach ocup caitech, octifm h-aimpp, oipp,mn ; enectann ap, cp.eip ocu|>
uafat pop, ipt, .1. a pnachc ocuf aicgm pop, am, .1. a oiabta'6. Seotc

If aenaig, .1. m pp.im -oeitge, .1. na poic gnacaichep, oo bp.eic 1 n-aenach,
ocuf 1 namrpp, aenaig pon ngne cecna, .1. m can nach arnipp, aenaig m
enectann, ocup m -oon cecap/6a. Le-pcp,a cuip,mchise, .1. m can nac
nef am, no m pp,i bp.umni cuipmcigi, enectann, ocuf m oon cecapT>a, .1.
a oiabtaf). 171 ech maife, .1. ecach oT>ap, ocuy ntcaipic, .1. in pcacan,
atmpp, a T>ecana m pcaca; ocufaT>iabta-D ap.cp.eip, noT)iabla-D

1

1 Not at, the time of mass. In O'D., 105-6, the reading is "a cup and a chalice,
i.e. in which muss is offered n-ery Sunday or I'verv day."

L n*M, t

(V

SENCHUS MOB. 235

lawful honor-price with a stay of three days for it; "one of the four conditions," DISTRESS.

$c. A quarrel in an ale-house, i.e. same as the last. Disregarding

a notice, i.e. the 'smacht'-fine, which is for feeding thy criminal son notwith-

standing the notice. The injury of thy chief, i.e. the injury of his chief by

a person, i.e. to betray him, so as that he is entitled to honor-price from him, that

honor-price has a stay of three days ; or, ' aralus,' signifies betrayal. Working a

valuable horse, i.e". ' smacht'-fine, i.e. there is a fine for use for it with a stay of

three days; "one of the four conditions," &c. i.e. 'dighlaim' of 'seds.' Taking

an oath which the country does not confirm, i.e. the true oath, i.e. of a

Bo-aire, or an Og-aire, i.e. a certain oath respecting honor-price when he has not

great influence in the territory when it is JfittKlnB&mg debts, i.e. the territory C* p. 3** *

require an oath, and they are not able to give a longer time for it than three days,

i.e. the time for proof of the incalf cow, and the stay upon the distress which is

taken for it is three days ; and ' one of the four conditions causes it," &c.

The stay which is for every kind of ' sed,' both live chattels and
dead chattels, is the time required for the proof of each ' sed,' i.e.
the proof of the milch cow in one day, the proof of the incalf cow
in three days, the proof of the three- year-old heifer, and of the
'dairt,' and ' dartadh,' is in five days, &c.

Withholding his fees from the Brehon, i.e. if any part of his wealth
or of his fee of a twelfth be kept from the Brehon, honor-price shall be paid for it
' in three days; "one of the four conditions," &c., i.e. double the twelfth. To
take from the Brewy that which makes him famous in the terri-
tory, i.e. to take from the Brewy the thing which makes him honored among
the people, i.e. the incalf cows, or the barren hogs; and "one of the four condi-
tions," $t., i.e. they are 'seds' of three days' stay themselves, or it is 'loigh-fine.'
Injuring thy son, i.e. 'seds' of one day's stay injured him, i.e. honor-price for
it in three days; and "one of the four conditions," $c. Thy slave, i.e. same as

' '/ ' , 2*7the last Thy wife, i.e. an injury the most intolerable, by striking or wjtetiBg. ' >vWA *
' ' A blot on thy honor,' i.e. thine own, i.e. the injury done to thy wife or thy 'i r . : f uce ,
"""""slave is a blot on thy honor; the honor-price which is for it has a stay of three
days, and "one of the four conditions," &c. Maiming thy chained dog,
i.e. honor-price teJrim quickly or lawfully^ the dog which is kcptJinnnd hy- rope ; **, jit,
there is honor-price/or it, and ' ' one of the four conditions," &c., i.e. there is ' smacht'-
fine here and restitution with a stay of one day. The utensils of the altar,
i.e. a cup and a chalice, and it is not at the time of mass;* honor-price with a
stay of three days for it ; and " chief from inferior," $c., i.e. a ' smacht'-fine and
restitution in one day, i.e. double. The 'seds' of a fair, i.e. the chief brooches
i.e. the ' seds' which are usually brought to the fair, and it is similar at the time
of the fair, i.e. honor-price when it is not at the time of the fair, and " one of
the four conditions," $c. The vessels of an ale-house, i.e. when they
are not articles of necessity, or when it is not at the approach of a banquet ;
honor-price, and " one of the four," tfc., i-e. double. Withholding the toilet
requisites, &c., i.e. tte-wJiite cloth, and the 'nitairic,' i.e. the mirror, and
it is at the time of looking at one's shadow ; and there is double Jine in three
days or double of the 'iowd' and the washing, i.e. the honor-price, and "one of

23(5 Senchuf TTIop.

DISTHKSS. inbiT) ocup p'^cce, .1. in eneclann, ocup 111 T>on cechan/6a. Facbail
obete icin, bti ocu-p lae^a, .1. m enectann an, cn.eipi, ocup ni -non
cechan/oa, .1. an pmacc no m Diablcro m tacca. 11n,ba icin, pen,niV>, .1.
feoic ame no loicei> ann, .1. cuic -peoic, .1. T>I ba inn ipm aile an, cn,eip, .1.
) JT ma * c ocu r "' T> - CCi^fbe naim>etl s , .,. m T>eilce, .1. no in cacntll, .t.
^ VT- epi co nibi ocup a rnn bin,mt amail -oelc, .1. lecncro pm, octq- pcrcilei)
* T^omainT) ; ocuy- ni i>on cer na^na, ocup peoic ame no miUepcarv in pa?,
/ <Ultv^f> ocup inbleo 5 ani [ 7 nt]. ./

Co

CiT) apa cuipchep. T>o qiife ma tera fo ? Co capTXfo
/oneach [each] upcomDet) T)e. ^CfOJaji na |io media
paip if ecen anaD cpife puf ?. CIT> T)ono ap na fegac
cuicce, no T)ecmaT> ? "Oaig aenech na T)amec anaD.

cuifichen, -DO cn.ipe? .1. CTO ni no cia ni ima cu
cneipi na lepa (.1. co cjupi) po -pecn cuicci no -oechmaTi no? Co
necn ii-p-com^e-D T>e, .i.cocapca each in conrDecUinup nlegan,
oe laipin comeic pin T>O n.e; no co cain, T>O neoch a tiapal com-Dp-n VT'- 1
7>li5ef), ajxna n.o tneca pain, he. 1|> ecen ana-6 cn,ipe vn,ip, .1. ip ccni
ana* pn.iy in i\e cn,pifi pe gabail; no 1-p eicm umro pip coiroppbchap m
fee tjlesup T>e amail ura mam nmiT>p cp.eip, no ctucci, no T>ecma-D. CITI
I?(f0 30-oono an, na fc=;uc cuicce, .1. CIT> -0111 nac cma*|caicci no Dpcmaroi

imspaigcep oppa. "Oats amech na oaimec 0*110-0, .1. -oaig noca
oamann in eneclann ana-o ipia mppi ma -pm, .1. m paic, .1. ana-6 cpeipi
ap na pecaib cpeif 1.

1ce adigabala cut cuicce in fo :Nm chobach T>o clio-
a pp maijib, im a iinroaT) iap na ecaib^ im T)nTDif
ef 7- H>t- 1 -ouinectiai-oe, im a eipic mp na pif, im poxat camclup, A
^m Tungbail mec butrpge, im cepc plet) cap cpicli,
im imcomuf nai]ii, im on tefanma, im gulnTD mec
anopba.

?< 1ce achgabala cuicte in f o, .1. ice in po na hach5abalaben,an,a)i
m cuU[a]caiTi, an, a mbi ana-o cuicci, .1. t>i5lann -pec po pp no t(if.T>
nemiT), .1. an af coifcit)e -oon ctucci ian, puc TIO riepen -purro von. rul

1 And one ofthe.J'm,- nwlltioiui, cfc. The contraction in the Irish m .n. proha-
bly stands for m -0011 cechan/oa-

SENCHUS MOR. 237

the four conditions,'' $c. Leaving the way open between cows and DISTRESS.
<-alves i.i-. the honor-price has a stay of three days, and "one of the four condi-
tions," &c., i-e. the ' smaoht'-fine or double the milk. Making gaps between
--fields, i.e. 'sods' of one d.iy were injured in the case, i.e. there are five
.' i.e. two cows for every stake, with a stay of three days, i.e. 'smaeht'-fine and
"one of the four conditions," 1 &e. Making pointed stakes, i.e. like thorns, or
like spikes; i.e. cutting them until their points are sharp like thorns, i.e. this is
cutting, but the previous ease is loosening; and "one of the four conditions," &c.,
and 'seds' of one day's stay were injured by the fence, "and the kinsman," &c.

AVhv are these cases fixed at three days? That

J i *

every one may give perfect security respecting it.
Why is there-rrecessarily a, stay of throe- -days-upon
^4m%4e^aiteTHTT~?- Why, ton, do theyjjgt.exteiid to
five days or ten days? Because^non or/does not admit
of longer stay.

Why are these cases fixed at three days? i.e. for what or wherefore
are these cases fixed at three days (i.e. to three days) rather than five or ten days?
That every one may give perfect security respecting it, i.e. that every
one may give the proper thing which is due of him during that space of time;
or until he gives to one his noble security for what is due, that it may not be failed in.
There is necessarily a stay of three days upon it, i.e. it is necessary
that there be a stay of three days' time for distraining ; or it is necessary that there /
be a stay until the ' sed ' be proved, which is due of him as 1^ is, unless three days, or (I
tn'.i-H J~ it'"'- 'ivr days, or ten days, hnvc elapsed. Why, too, do they not extend to five
days, i.e. why, then, is it not a stay of five days or ten days that is allowed them?
Because honor does not admit of longer stay, i.e. because honor-price
does not admit of a longer stay than that upon it, i.e. the surety, Le. there is a
stay of three days upon the 'seds' of three days.

These are the immediate distresses of five days :
for distraining the heir of a dead man, for satirizing
him after his death, for proof of secret murder, for
its ' eric'-fine after its discovery, for carrying off an
animal's covering, for taking care of the son of a har-
lot, for the right of a poet beyond a territory, for
satire of nj_nna a CP rtfl -' np -d kid, for the blemish of a
nickname, for the false suing of a son in land.

These are the immediate distresses of five days, i.e. these are the
distresses which have become immediate, upon which there is a stay of five days,
i.e. those which follow are 'dighlaim' of 'seds' or 'aird nemidh,' i.e. that which has
necessarily a stay of five days in distress with time, has here five days in the imme-

T

C9II

Senchuf tTlop,.

DISTRESS, cuicci. 1m a pintmT), .1.111 eneclann utl anti ap cpeip. 1 in t>in'Oi r

ouinechai-oe, .1. luigi na oumecaTOi ap cuica. 1m poocal camchip,

f iti cuapran. 1m i)ui 5 bail mec buicfige, .1. mac na mban caroi

]"anai r . 1m cep.c pile-o, .1. ap eiepcur -oon pie*. 1m imcomuf

rtiaipi, .1. im coipfeif, ^eif cotp. nn an eneclamn -Dlegup ina aqiat).

i

nice athgabait rul chuicrhe in p>. Ro cec up,T)aific
Tie cuicche i cuic, cumu la/cuic cmra -Dorliac each ae ap,
a laim, co mbi cuicche cm cuiap, araip,, ocup mac, ociif
tia, ocuf bpachaip, ocup ben. Cuic cmaiT* each ae p-oe,
/* cm tanne, cm coip, cm cengaT), cm bel, cm pila : cm
lamie, -oe gum, no gate, no mi-imipr; cm coip, otbemium,
no poinmcechc nnsnmia ; cm cengaT), T)i aip, t)i anmec
-DO supofigill; cm bel, TI iche me1J^te; cm pjta, -01
aichmu no poipcpu nugnmia.

,rftice athgabail cul chutcche, .1. cac ni if culla -ooib if culla

DO nmbleosam, cipe ana* bef paip, .1. Diglaim fee ant) fo f if no apt)

, nemro. fto cec upT)aipc -oe, .1. po cinT>eT) no po cana-o -oe co up-oaipc.

0V-III- ' 1 CU1C '-'- nocumaT) cm m cmcip fo pop cuicci.ocuf feo^ct no po cum"aTita

N a cuicei t)ii;laim nT>ame runt) Ton rn).).rrT-m^.

/

2 " Ceiqxi erxnaiti rulla TJO |nme rturo ; Digtaim fee,
iroaiTie, ocf uafal -DO ifil, ocnf

no

la cuic cinca -oof Imc each ae ap. a laim, .1. la cute c
o aiptlcmstf cac ogae wb o Iwm, .1. cuillef cacn ae ap. a l.
Co mbi cuicche cm cuicitv, o. cumtha cm in cuicip fo pop cuicei; no
i^-oono if cac athsabail gabup, T>on cmcacli m cuictp yx>, -DO neoch ic feoic
O'D. 107. cuicc, fo, ic culla m fo, ocuf mp puc 6 pinn [amac], ace cm be DO na
cuic ancmb [po] na cuicei nama. .1. 1ciac r o tn cuiciup, imap, 5 aBa*
achgabail culla -DO neoch ; no na cuic epnaili im afeuca* anat> cuicte
pop. in achgabail amail acpubpamap. pomauro cua^

SENCHUS MOR. 239

diate distress. For satirizing him, i.e. the honor-price which is for it is fixed DISTRKSS.

at three [five] days. For proof of secret murder, Le. the proof by oath of the

secret murder is in five days. For carrying off an animal's covering, i.e.
the tartan. For taking care of the son of a harlot, i.e. the son of the known
unchaste woman. For the right of a poet, i.e. as an exception to the poet.
For satire of an unascertained kind, i.e. for demanding the honor-price
which is due 'for it in a proper manner.

These are the immediate distresses of five days. ,,
They were properly fixed at five days for five persons,
as it is by the commission of five offences that each of
them deserves it, so that the liabilities of five persons
have a stay of five days, father, and son, and grand-
son, and brother, and wife. Five-fold are the crimes
of each of these crime of hand, crime of foot, crime
of tongue, crime of mouth, crime of eye: crime of hand,
by wounding, or stealing, or mis-using; crime of
foot, by kicking, or moving to evil deeds; crime of
tongue, by satire, slander, or false witness; crime of
mouth, by eating stolen things ; crime of eye, by ob-
serving or looking on at an evil deed.

These are the immediate distresses of five days, i.e. every thing that
is immediate in the case of persons themselves is immediate to their kinsmen also,
whatever may be its stay, i.e. these which follow down here are ' dighlaim sed'
or 'ard-nemhidh.' They were properly fixed at five days, i.e. they were
settled or described in a proper manner. For five persons, i.e. the liability of
these five persons was fixed at five days' stay, and 'seds,' (J'C. ; or that it might be
lawful that ' dighlaim ndaine' should here be immediate.

Four cases of immediate distresses aee-here reckoned; 'digh-
laim' of ' seds,' and ' dighlaim ' of persons, and " chief from inferior,"
and " territory."

As it is by the commission of five offences that each of them
deserves it, i.e. by five crimes each individual of them deserves or merits it by the
deed of his hand, i.e. each of them deserves it by his ministering hand. So that
the liabilities of five persons have a stay of five days, i.e. the respon-
sibilities of these five have a stay of five days ; or every distress which is taken
from the debtor among these five, when they are ' seds' of five days that are taken,
is immediate here, and with time elsewhere, except whichever of the five dcbtuih
have the five days only. That is, these are the five persons on account of whom an
immediate distress is taken from a person ; or these are the five cases in which a
stav of five davs was allowed for the distress as we have already stated above.

240 Senchuf

DISTRESS. Coch ochgabail buf rulta 7>o cmeach bi-o culla oc inbleoyam
fa ; no each arhgabatl gebuf each T>ib T>ian.aile if rullaca bmf

M'07 TTla-o feccut attie otefraft Tion achai^ if ml cfieifi DOTI mac;

.rfttniliren. m [racuifi], /jiL, cp,eifi ocuf cuicci ocuf "oecma-6.
Sec en.eifi fio tnillefrafi ; ocur mbleogam nof bein. co cuica;
cm in mbleogam if nefa, ocuf each ni if rutla T)on inbleojaiTi
if nefa ocuf iayi fuc -DO each inbleojam C<^IK(.

Cach fee buf rnilla 7)011 cincif^ cu^ab rulla 71011 n icuf a
it cmca; no vono cutnaD eifceprtif m fiaUac fo, .1. each fee
cfieifi fvo gabca T>O neoc ima cmaiT) cuniati cuicci a anaD, ocuf
cuma culla_ a^x a comaicfijoe. 'Cf.e ^511111^ a -oubjiama^ na
fo cm copet) coip, iac; fen tebap. fin.

,<P

Ctrl taime t>e s ulr| i ' n name. Ho ga'it, .1. na fee. Mo mi-
.1. in oip,, m ian.aim), 111 mv-sir: no op.ochmup.c a ycade-D no a

t>vupT>. Cm coifi, T)il)pinnnn, no vn'mcecc niisnim a, .1.

.1. pynmcecc -oo \\>- Tirnum -DiaocTisniTTiiaaT), CITI i cem, cit> a
Vocuf ; no pirumtecc \^.\ 11115111111 ocuy ni aicenn. Cm bel, -01 ictii
meitvle, .i.-Doicenamiai|xti, nagaici. Cm cenga^D, -o-\ a in., T>I anmec,
to T>O ga^OflSltt, .1. in bjiaf, no in Ian aefi, no cipe-6 cmelain.e, 1. in gUtim
aicenn, .1. in cuba nainnie, no in le-panmcro. Cm yula, -01 atthmu, .1.
al^ofc von.nech nairx-oalca, .1. a cem m pneiteTi. Mo voip.cfiu mi-
gn 1 in a, .1. cit> 1 cem, a-o i poaii' m f ellcecc.

CCji acaa[c] ceiqie rellaig la pene i rain caccce;
*'rettach Ian peicli, octif fellach leich peicli, ocur r e ^~
each cechfiamcan f.eich, ocuf fellach flan. -Sellach
pli tan pachu, peji caip,T>elba ocuf co mmrec ocuf
T)o comec ocuf bua^caqi a ^nim i ruairh, ache ni"D 50111
a lam.

SENCHUS MOR. 241

Every distress which is immediate to the debtor is also imme- DISTRESS.
diate to the kinsman ; or every distress which is taken by one of
them from the other shall be au immediate one.

If it be a ' sed' subject to an immediate distress of one day that
is due of the father, it is a ' sed' subject to an immediate distress of
three days that is due of the son; the same of the father, ic., as
regards three days, and five days, and ten days. A ' sed' of three
days' stay has been injured ; the kinsman being sued brings it to five
days; the liability of the nearest kinsman, and every thing -which
is immediate to the nearest kinsman, is upon time to every other
kinsman.

Every ' sed' which is subject to immediate distress to these five
persons is immediate to the person who pays for their liabilities ; or,
indeed, according to others, this case is an exception, i.e. every 'sed'
f three days which was taken from one for his liability has a stay
ot five days, and it is immediate upon his relative. By a figure
we have mentioned these ' dighlaims,' though they are not correct.
This is an old book.

Crime of hand, by wounding, i.e. persons. Or stealing, i.e. ' seds.' Or
misusing, i.e. of the gold, of the iron, of the silver; or evil using, in loosening or
breaking. Crime of foot, by kicking, or moving to do evil deeds, i.e. Hi, jtuj, -frvjf-
to go near, i.e. or going to do evil deeds whether far or near; or going to do
< vil, and not necessarily to a distance. Crime of mouth, in eating stolen
things, i.e. by eating Ulgotten things, i.e. stolen things. Crime of tongue, by
satire, slander or false witness, i.e. betraying, or the full satire, or whatever
kind of satire it may be, i.e. the 'glamh dicenn,' i.e. giving a bad name or a nick-
name. Crime of eye, by observing or looking on at an evil deed, i.e.
his eye upon a particular person, i.e to look on at a distance. Or observe an
evil deed, i.e. whether the looking-on was from afar or near.

For there are four lookers-on with the Feini, each
of whom is different : a looker-on of full fine, a looker-
on of half fine, a looker-on of one-fourth fine, and a
looker-on Avho is exempt. A looker-on who incurs
lull fine, is a man who instigates and accompanies
and escorts and exults at his deed in the territory,
but who has not inflicted the wound with his own
hand.

242 Sender IDon,.

DISTKE33. Setlach tiofli tech piachu m cain,T>etbai, ni 50111, T)o
5111 jniTTiu olchena, lech piach paifi.

Setlach T)opti cechfiamcham peich, ni caifvoetbai ; ni
filtt 'Den a m "Don [a] gnimaib peo, ace T>O caenicec nama,
f ocup ncco nujigaifi, ocup na ceppatfij;.

Settach flan m raip/oelb, ni "Dene ni t)i naib jni-
maib feo, ocup gaibep oca cac nific ocup each
ache 'DO caemcec a heytmn co mmll, co

flim i n-imtl. ^ iff 22.0 , p

^

i bic feUaig flan a anT) chena, .1. cleifiig, ocuf mna,
octif mec, ocuf aef naT> meifi gona na anacal na

Vrv

tmmm, ocur eccuint) ocur ercunt(p. $*~0<6ie$r
JB.1Z ..-.,-.

a.,. or. C^ -A ' ^ ^^^

CX!|i acda ceitrii pellaig ta Peine, .1. acme ceiqai ptcatg Tia

in

-p.0 foich tan pac pop, m petlac lam ? .1. let
cecc co tnaigin ocuf oucjiact map,bta aid, ocof cenhiitiime
ap, fellcecc, ocup cerfijiuime eile ap, coimicechc 1 mug leo 1
n-itiill; cechtxuirni t>ona po^x in fettac Leti ajx feiltcecc, ocup
cerhiaunni ayx coitnicecc atnuig i n-mitl. CeCnflliDMi oono pop, m

!l jofellacli cechfiatnrban ap, coimicechc amuig ocuf m caemnacaip
anocol; connecaic imuyxno m t>iaf eile, ocup amuig bip in pellac

O'D. ill. lete, ocuf in fellac cecbfianicati, [call ^ojxecuin. ^ellaig lain.]

Settac T>opti Ian v'ccctiu, .,. ^tac cuittip no airntctupp taticro

OW5 pacK peri cairxT>elba, .1. -outfiacc maribta occa, .1. T>O tii in tain-Delb

vrcalt icip, na cigib a f,aT> CICTO amach. .1. -out co maigin no in cimrwroa-o.

Ocup conimcec, .1. amach, .1. co haic in majibca, .1. bip ma comicecc oc

oenam m map.bca. "Do comcec, .1. teo tafip an majibat> o maigm

ar.iac'i. bua-ocairv asnitn i cuaich, .1. bua-DaigiT) pe m

if in

SENCHUS MOR. 243

A looker-on who incurs half fine is he who does
not instigate, does not wound, but does all the other
acts, by which he incurs half fine.

The looker-on who incurs one-fourth fine does not
instigate; he does not do any of these acts, but accom-
panies only, and does not prohibit, and does not save.

The looker-on who is exempt is he who does not
instigate, who does not commit any of these acts, and
who brings against them all his strength and re-
sources, but he accompanies them from an insecure
place to a place of security, and separates from them
in that place of security.

There are also other lookers-on who are exempt,
i.e. clerics, and women, and boys, and people who
are not able to wound or protect or forbid, and im-
beciles and incapables.

For there are four lookers-on with the Fuini, i.e. tlwre are four eye-
witnesses which the Fenechus mentions.

How does full fine come upon the full looker-on 1 i.e. half upon
him on his coming to the place with the intention of killing, and
one-fourth upon him for looking on, and the other fourth for accom-
panying them outside to a place of security; there is also, upon the
looker-on who incurs one- half fine one-fourth fine for looking on, and
one-fourth for accompanying them outside to a place of security.
There is also one-fourth fine upon the looker-on who incurs one-
fourth fine for accompanying them outside when he cannot protect ;
but the other two can protect, and the looker-on who incurs half fine,
and the looker-on who incurs one-fourth fine are found outside, the
looker-on who incurs full fine inside.

A looker-on who incurs full fine, i.e. an eye-witness who deserves or
merits full fine. The man who instigates, i.e. who has an intention of kill-
ing, i.e. he causes the instigation within between the people of the house by saying
"come ye out," i.e. going to the place or having the intention. And accom-
panies, i.e. out, i.e. to the place of the killin-. U. win, i| in their company when
they commit the killing. And escorts, i.e. who gow alon- with them, after
the killing, out from the place. Exults at his deed in the territory, i.e
he boasts nf that deed in the territory.

K 2

244 -Senchur TTlofi.

DISTRESS. TDcrc cuibT)i ocuf fe]i lamie, ni cumail -01111 ocuf cumal aictigincc

"Wn*, O'fi/tK ^ ^ e ^ *- airne "oeftge laej ria gona atro, ocuf 7>a cuinail pop. fellac

lanpachach, yptl. TTlanbec" cuibt>i, ace Da fellac nama, cfii

cumala t>ifie, ocuf cumal aitgiTia pop, m fellac lanpacbach, a

!~lec fop, in fellac letpacac.

1 cuaich, .1. pc^cejvo itacti. NIT> join a lain, .1.

Sellach -oof ti tech ptacTiu, .1. cuillif no aifutcnigip tec pach, .1.
aniuig p|\icti, ocuf ni T>uchp.acaii\ mafibcro. Ni cai^.T>etbai, .1. noco
ceic co tnaigtn, noco T>ein in citnp.a'Duga'D ap. menmain. Ni goiti, .1. ni
,,,0111511650111 ce T>O ivoipt). "Do 5111 gmma otchena, .1. ccQiirncec -DO
rnomceic ocuf buatiaisceyi a 511101, .1- cairncecc atnui5 ocuf petti5ichc, .1-
tec coiii.pt>ip,e p a 'T v cen Tnoca m aiclism. Settac T>opli
chatn ^eich, .i.cmttif noanxitcmsef ceciaanne-piach. Wi c
.1. noco oenam) m caiyvoelb, .1. T>ut co 111015111, .1. ni T>em in
/k'jL joQ-X /.can menrnam. I M i tienani "oona 5mmaib p eo, .1. T>O caemcecc, no T>o

cmn,T>eitb, na^uin, naitac, .1. ni caemnacaiyv anacat. (Xcc T>o caemcec
nama, .1. ace abec ma coimcecc nama oc t>enam in mayibca, oca eif in-oitl
en nmitt, .1. m a piaTmai'pe. Na-o nu|t5ai|i, .1. o bn,eicijv, no co na niyxc,
1. nat> -pon-ocaitx. Na cep 011155, .1. o gnimixaTjaib ce -DO ifa-o, .1. co na
^irocbivaice, .1. ni flop onj}5 T>ia cefjbaib. tJi T>ene m -omaib
f eo, .1. -oo caiyiTjeitb, no t>o caemcecc, "ace 6 ca eifmitt co mill,
oca, .1. af ouatsuf pem. Cadi Tfotvo, .1. aT>uat5up neicb eite, .1. a f o-
(tifwoce mn,c. CCcc T>O caemcec a beftinn co mmtt, .1. a baile a
iiTiefina m man,baT> co p.icca'oan, co hmill, ocuf if ime fio bai uai^ na
j^-caemnacaifi pcan,aT> fn-iu a n-eiftmt). bic fettais ftana, .1. cia co
mfcaif anacal. Cbena, .1. cen moca fin. Cleifiis ocuf mna ocuf
O'D 110. 1Tlec > ' nl ecaic gum an, a cixuaige ocuf an, a ctaice, ocuf ni cuimcic
anacut. M OTJ nietfi sona, .1 6 taim. Na anacat [.1. 6 5nim|iaT)aiK.
11 aT> un,5ain.], .1. 6 bfieiehin, m nencan, pon,-n,a ciac bejiaic. &ccumT>,
?o .1. na meic beca no nun,. &f cumT>, .1. na fenojvais no

O'D. 110. CCr&ic ceitfii fellaig, yjxl. Se cumala TDifie fioinnteji
.1. cumal [co let f.ofi fep, lairiie, ocuf curiial] co lee

1 He. The looker-on who incurs ftrfl fine.

SENCHUS MOR. 24j

If he be in participation with the perpetrator, there shall be DiTurs.
two ' cumhals' of ' dire'-fiue and one ' curahal' for restitution upon
the man of the red hand who inflicted the wounds, and two ' cum-
hals' upon the looker-on who incurs full fine, &c. If he be not a
participator, but only a looker-on, there shall be three ' cumhals '
of 'dire'-fine, and one 'curnhal' of restitution upon the man of the
red hand who inflicted the wounds, and one ' cumhaF upon the looker-
on who incurs full fine, and one-half upon the looker-on who
incurs half fine.

In the territory, i.e. he raised the shout." Who has not inflicted the
wound with his own hand, i.e. he would have inflicted a wound if he had
reached the place. A looker-on who incurs half fine, i.e. who deserves
or becomes liable to half fine, i.e. he was found outside, and he had not the inten-
tion of killing. He does not instigate, i.e. he does not go to the place, he
does not form the intention in his mind. He does not wound, i.e. he does not
wound though he has come. Does all the other acts, i.e. he goes, he
accompanies, and exults at his deed, i.e. to accompany outside and to look on,
i.e. there is half body-fine upon him besides the restitution. The looker-on
who incurs one-fourth fine, i.e. who deserves or merits one-fourth fine.
He does not instigate, i.e. he does not cause the instigation, i.e. to go to
the place, i.e. he does not form the intention in his mind. He does not com-
mit any of these acts, i.e. either accompanying, instigation, wounding, or
exultation, i.e. he was not able to protect. But he accompanies only, i.e.
to be in their company only while committing the killing, and while going from
an insecure to a secure place, i.e. in his presence. Who does not prohibit,
i.e. by word, or to the best of his ability, i.e. who did not warn. W h o d o e s n o t
save, i.e. by deeds, though he were able, i.e. by his strength, i.e. he does not save
through indifference. Who does not commit any of these acts, i.e.
by instigation, or by accompanying, except from a place of insecurity to a place of -QK, fa f\w
security. Who opposes them, i.e. bitumii. All resources, i.e. by means of
others," i.e. the power of his forces. But he accompanies from an inse-
rure place to a place of security, i.e. from the place where the killing
was committed until they reached a place of security, and the reason that he did
so was because he was unable to separate from them in the insecure place. These
are also lookers-on who are exempt, i.e. even though they could pro-
tect. Also, i.e. besides the above. Clerics, and women, and boys, i.e.
they are not able to wound in consequence of their insignificance and their power-
lessness, and they are not able to protect. Who are not able to wound, i.e.
by hand. Nor protect, i.e. by deeds. Who do not forbid, i.e. byword, J ^

. , .

not be done for them though they should request it. Imbeciles, i.e.
little boys or lunatics. IncapabU-s, i.e. the old men or madmen.

There are four lookers-on, &c. Six 'cumhals' of ' dire'-fine are
divided here, i.e. a 'cumhal' and a half upon the perpetrator, a

,,,f._0'D., 109, reads: "he boasts of that as a victory in the territory, i.e.
in his own territory."

/ , ,

246 enchtip ITlofi.

DISTRESS, rnbpaich, ocuf cumat co tec pop fellac Ian piachac ; cpi cech-
pumii cumaile pop fellac lecpiacac ; bo ocuf cpi fcpepatll pop

$ ll fetlac cechpamchan ; bo ocuf rp.1 fcifiepailt iffei) ctiayiceic ann.
T^abaip ^e fc]npaitl foyi in cfiiayi lain, ocuf C)\1 ^c|\epaitt fo\\,
f felloe leci, ocuf ^cfiepatt co lee pofi -pellac cechfiamtan ; ceopa
ptnginne Tiec ocuf let pmjmn ife* cuayicec; fe pmgmne T)ib
tio trp,mp lam, ocuf m feccmaT)/pin5irin tio fellac teci, ocuf lee
pmgmn t>o fetlac cechpanirhan. Se pmjmne ann iayium ; m
cine plec ann cmc yianna nee t>o TDenam tub, T>a yiann nee mb
/t ,pop, m c]\iap, lam, ocup a no -pofi fellach leti, ocuf aen -p,ann
pop, fellach cechftatnchan, comn bo ocuf naipc ocuf
pmgmne, ocuf m ctucen pann nee no pmgmn.

V Ulan cuibmtif irifi fellach lain ocuf leti, ceicfii cumala pop.
/( ft'fi *77n fellac lam, ocuf na cumait pop fellac leti. TTlan cuibmuf icip

/$ fellac lam octif cechpamchan, if cumal co cuicen cumala pop
pellac cerhpamchan.

TTlan cuibmuf inp fellac cechpamchan ocf teci, if cumal
pop fellac ceipamchan, ocuf a no pop fellac leci.

o'D. in. 1c he m fo aicli^abata cul TtechTnaiTDi :
joCtjVO neithe]; coch^abail f ec co mrn.cloi "DiLfi;

O'D. 111. coba T)a|i cjiich ; [achgaBctil -poirTDlechaij ponnrolea
pne;] achgabdil poinTlechai5 ponnrole cuaclia; map,b-
chobag; flan ngetlt; flan ngitl; actigabail

/

1r tie 111 f o aichgabata cut ^ecTimaiTii, .1. ace ann fo no
bota ap, atnbi anai) oecmai'De/ mp, na b^ech pop. cutlaca; ocuf

i Pinylnn. The following table gives the proportions -which satisfy the com-
putation in the text, viz. :

1 cumhal=3 bo' or 3 cows of Ml legal value.
1 bo' =24 screpalls.

1 - ! paU=3 pinpnns.
1 dairt ^=:12 pinginns.

SENCHUS MOR. 247

1 cumhal ' and a half upon the betrayer, and a ' cumhal ' and a half DIM i
upon the looker-on, who incurs full fine ; three quarters of a ' cum-
Lal ' upon the looker-on who incurs half fine ; a cow and three
' screpalls ' upon the looker-on who incurs one-fourth fine ; a cow
and three ' screpalls' is what remains. Add six ' screpalls ' for each
of the three lookers-on who incur full fine, and three ' screpalls ' for a
looker-on who incurs half fine, and a ' screpall' and a half upon the
looker-on who incurs one-fourth fine ; there remain thirteen ' pin-
ginns,' and a half ' pinginn ;' six ' pinginns ' of these for the three
who incur full fine, and the seventh 'pinginn ' for the looker on
who incurs half fine, and half a ' pinginn ' for the looker-on who
incurs one-fourth fine. Six ' pinginns ' afterwards remain ; these
are divided into fifteen parts, of which twelve are upon the three
who incur full fine, and two upon the looker-on who incurs half
fine, and one upon the looker-on who incurs one-fourth fine, so
that he (the looker-on who incurs one-fourth fine) pays a cow, and a
heifer, and the third of a ' pinginn,' and the fifteenth part of a

f 'i
pinginn.

If there be participation between the looker-on who incurs full
fine and him who incurs half fine, there are four ' cumhals ' upon
the looker-on who incurs full fine, and two ' cumhals ' upon the
looker-on who incurs half fine. If there be participation between
the looker-on who incurs full fine and him who incurs one-fourth
fine, a ' cumhal ' and one-fifth of a ' cumhal ' are upon the looker-
on who incurs one-fourth fine.

If there be participation between the looker-on who incurs one-
fourth fine, and the looker-on who incurs half fine, there is a ' cumhal '
upon the looker-on who incurs one-fourth fine, and two upon the
looker-on who incurs half fine.

These are the immediate distresses of ten days :
distress from a high dignitary ; distress for 'seds' wkish

; distress for a levy carried

over a boundary ; distress on account of a fugitive
who has absconded from his tribe ; distress on ac-
count of a fugitive who has fled from his territory ;
death-levy ; security of pledges ; security of hostage ;
distress in ignorance,

These are the immediate distresses of ten days, i.e. these are the
distresses on which there is a stay of ten days after being brought out imme-

'&- fa Vffill:

DISTRESS. fecca gebuf oo -oiiine if ifle nap ocuf net paclia fin anuaf benuf i co

CmTa T)ecmu ' 6 - [CCchgabdit arvo neime, .1. acngabail gabun. T>O neime ap.t>

pop. culla pop. i mbiti anuT> T>echmuiT>e ; gpa-o fecca gebiuf -oon ouine if

ifli mdf, ocuf na pacha fin anuaf beipiuf co Dechmuvo; inbleojuin

rbeinmf cu cpetf i ; acpa f ochuroe beip,iuf cu cuicclie ; f 6na n& Tjleguf cu

"

Se huafal rieime T)O f,ime ftitin : ^115, ocf bfiiuguit), file, oct*r
efpoc, ai^chinnech, ocuf ollatn safp, ocuf each cenT) pop, a
tneniup, otchena.]

" CCchgabail fee co nimclo T>itf i]*f,. crchsabatt gabtin, imin fen

ocuf imari ctaechto a TMlf 1 im veyi mbuna a negmuif , fee 6na no aittie e,

O'D. 111. ocuf i\o n,ec 111 ci T>a cuca OTV om no afi mcne [1 n-ambpif pp. bunui-6 e] ;

lif 9 2-^ CUr " enlne r a ' T1 "om jbei^ co crteif i ; ocuf nemmbec ma faiT>bp,i, no'f vie

n-mnfuigci, nom betyx co cuicci; ocuf fena na^lesan, nombei|ico -oecmv;

jfocuf -Diglaim fee nom beijx pop, collacu.

'v

[CiT) oefia antit) afi iti fee n^ara foriT)? 1f e in f&t,

o'arche a in-oligi* a|x in ci f^o |xecc in fee 1 n-atnbpf pyv bunuii>;

ocuf col)! ce fio bet fogelc ocuf blec -DO. Uo fee comaiehig t)o

beiyi nech 1 ngilt, ocuf nf f emit in ri T)d cabuip, cu Ti-a

joocca ; cmu-6 oechmuttie fliifmge f.ofi iti ei 6 rue.]

CCchgabail cobag nan. cn.ich, .1. m achgabait coibgictien. cart in

cp.icn, .1. cn.icn beipiuf co oecniui'6 1, ocuf cpich bemnif -pon, cotlaca.

CCengabdit vom-olechaig von'n'otea pin ,/>!. m arligabail

gabup, 1111 cma in pp. vine bif ap. m pcroneola, ocuf TW cp.1 cigib if in pine

if atcigef ; ocuf mbteosam if f ia nom beip. co oecmai-D, ocuf 7>i5lami fee, no

uafat porv ipt, beip.iuf pon. coltacu. acTigabait poimjlec naig

pomntilea euacha.Xi. achgabait gabup, im cma m et innlieep. ap.

paoneolo if m cuaie, ocuf -no cp,i cigib ipn cumc aiciguf ; ocuf inbleosam

if f ia nom bnp. co oecmai-D, ocuf -Distaim f er, no if uaf al pop. if it nom

sobeip, poii cutlaca. TT1 ap-bchobag, .1. acaic cpi mapbcobait) anT>, .1.

>'D. 112. V op. cp.eif 1, pop. cuicci, pop, Decmai'o; snim anpoic [octif a pip] pop cpeifi

O'D. 112. iap, pic; -omne caii [ocuf a pp.] pop. cul ctucci; p.opac pepgi [ocuf a pp]

pop. cut T>ecmaiT>e.

O'D. 112. [mccyibchobos] .1. 1111 toibgtcheri if in majib [.i. colunT)
-< coi|ipT>ifie cotnviuiti ajx oecmai'6, ocuf uit>i ice fem;

SENCHUS MOR.

249

diately and one of the seven grades takes it from a person who is of lower grade
than himself, and the causes above mentioned bring it to ten days. Distress from
a hiah dignitary, i.e. a distress which is taken from a high dignitary imme-
diately, on which there is a stay of ten days : one of the seven grades takes from a
person inferior to himself, and the causes before mentioned extend it to ten days;
the kinsman being sued extends it to three days; suing from many extends it to
five days ; denial that it is due, to ten days.

Six noble dignitaries are reckoned here : A king, a brewy, a
poet, a bishop, a herenach, and an ollamh of wisdom, and every
superior generally.

Distress for 'seds' which should have been returned, i.e. a distress
which is taken respecting 'seds' which have been parted with in the absence of
the rightful owner, ie. property that was lent or given in charge, and the
person to whom it was given as a loan or in charge has sold it unknown to the
rightful owner ; and not being a thing of necessity, brings it to three days ; and
not having the property of his rank, or the period of suing, brings it to five days; and
denial that it is due brings it to ten days; and ' dighlaim' of ' seds' causes it to be
immediate.

What is the reason that there is a stay for the stolen ' sed ' here 1
The reason is, to punish for his illegality the person who sold the
'sed' unknown to the owner; and it is just that the expenses of
feeding and tending should be charged to him. Or it is the ' sed '
of a neighbour that one gives in pledge, and the person to whom it
is given does not know it until he is sued ; there is a stay of ten
days for suing the person by whom it was given.

Distress for a levy carried over a boundary, i.e. the distress which is
driven across the boundary- ; the boundary brings it to ten days, and the boundary
causes it to be immediate. Distress on account of a fugitive who has
ab sconded rom his tribe, i.e. the distress which is taken for the liability of
the tribe-man who is a wanderer, and it is taken from three houses in the tribe
which he frequents ; and the most distant kinsman being sued, brings it to ten days,
and -dighlaim' of 'seds,' or "chief from inferior," causes it to be immediate. Dis-
tress on account of a fugitive who has fled from his territory, i.e. a
distress which is taken for the liability of the person who is sued while a wanderer
in the territory, and it is taken from three houses in the territory' which he fre- (f '
quents: and tile most distant kinsman being sued, brings it to ten days, and
'dighlaim' of ' seds,' or " chief from inferior," causes it to be immedia' i Death
levy, i.e. there are three death levies, i.e. upon three days, upon five days, upon ten
days'; an act of inadvertence, the proof of which is upon three days with time;
secret murder, of which the proof is upon five days immediate; and an assault of
anger, of which the proof is upon ten days immediate.

Death levy, i.e. the thing which is levied for the dead, i.e. 'eric'-
fine for killing ; the body-fine for intention has a stay of ten days,
and that is the period allowed for the payment ; for if it were dis-

Senchuf Hlon,.

^ ss - Txnncro achgaliail 710 gabca tume, ^ob micro puin.n.1 po

nefim no nermiefitn ; fio beyva f ena na T>le5Hfi e co oecniait, ocuf

,

pojx fochaif>e nom bein. pop, ctncci, ocuf itiblfeojam nom
co qieifi ; no -oono cena, in r:\im t>on apyia ml ipn coiyip-
coinriaiui if -DO T>O beiyi fiaegria -punn iy na achsabatmb.
Ocup mme pio gaba* m achgabail, ocuf tiemnepam no beiyi co
O'D. 113. cpeip ; nem [mbec] ma f aitbyvi, no if agpa i:opi focliaite nombeiji
co CU1C * 1 ' ocu r r ena na ftejaplnom betyi co oecmaiti ; ocuf ^15-
tmm fee, no uapal pofi ifiat, nom beifi ^071 mllcrcu.

'oSlan tij;eill, .1. colatin e^ic iti gel?^ Slati ngill, .1. in flan
n-eneclaitine Tjligiuf a cuicim a gell -oafi cenn neic ajv cp.eipi ; ocur
nembec ina fai-obyn, no if asp,a vop. poctiait) nom bein, pon. cuicci; ocuf
fena na T)le5un, nom bei^i co T)ecmaiT>; ocuf T>i5laim fee nom bein. pop,
cullaca. ft

aicTigabait cincdii m T)l if gnacliu
T)o ^fier ol-oaf each ctchgabail ? fobich na ^oe pechcae
iciji -Dir 1 1llai5 inif. O ratnic co cabai|ic a naijxtn
T)oaib, ache paT)na Tiama,^p peifiT) ben occatb 1 maigm
na jioe, octif ^ui-opup irn&ma'o po|i|iu. CC^beftc, maT)
ac , mo cheile no bee anT) ajfearo anaT) pojiaib. No am-
painT)fe jH an T>atai nai, ache ir antifa T)ontm T)o

boing; if he a lep anap CCinpajcpe, olrtii'De. Immana-D

,
Tun in t^oe, ache ni pecctc-qi eta baT)ai^ee ajia cujiehe, co

f-uigtet) Conchubuji imbi, ocuf Senchae ; co nimchomaii-
2<r caifi -Senchae, cia amm inna mna f o ? Cuica, ol ri,
mo amm ft. ImanaT) m |ioi, ol -Sencha, m anmatm
1Tia mna co c " 1ccJl1 J T "oe aea " aT)j3ac| ptji
mampaT) cuicci." 1f t b|ii^ m fo pit po|i Cuicci.

. Tiie word -(. uictiii' means iiv .

SENCHUS MOR. 251

tress that was taken for it, there would be a stay upon it according DISTRESS.

as it was a thing of necessity, or not of necessity ; denial that it is

due would bring it to ten days, and suing from many would bring

it to five days, and the kinsman being sued would bring it to three

days ; or, indeed, according to others, the third of the sum due which

is for the body-fine for intention, is what corresponds here to the

distresses. And it is respecting it the distress is taken, and not

being a thing of necessity brings it to three days ; not having the

property of his rank, or suing from many brings it to five days

and denying that it is due brings it to ten days ; and ' dighlaim'

of ' seds,' or " chief from inferior," causes it to be immediate.

Security of pledges, i.e. the ' colann-eric ' of the pledge. Security of
hostage, i.e. the full honor-price to which he is entitled for the forfeiture of his
pledge given in behalf of a person has a stay of three days; not haying the pro-
perty of his rank, or suing from many, brings it to five days ; denying that it is
due brings it to ten days; and 'dighlaim' of 'seds' causes it to be immediate.

tatt*^

Why is the distress of five days Always more usual
than any other distress ? On account of the combat
fought between two in Magh-inis. When they had all
things ready for plying their arms, except a witness
alone, they met a woman at the place of combat,
and she requested of them to delay, saying, " If it
were my husband that was there, ^would compel you
to delay." " I would delay," said one of them, " but
it would be prejudicial to the man who sues me ; it
is his cause that would be delayed." " I will delay,"
said the other. The combat was then put-off, but
they did not know to whai-tiie it was put off, until
Conchubhur and Sencha phased judgment respecting
it ; and Sencha asked " What is the name of this wo-
man ?" " Cuicthi," said she, " is my name." " Let
the combat be delayed," said Sencha, " in the name
of the woman, for five days.'" From which is de-
rived " The truth of the men of the Feini would
have perished, had it not been for Cuicthi." It is
Brigh that is here called Cuicthi.

\

252 Sencliur 6fi.

DISTKKSS. Cm vp.ip nafiaj;afi, .1. cm -pn.ipi nafigichen, ana cuicci pop, in ach-
gabail, .1. pp.1 ana pp-' up-ogfia; pp.i up,oj;n,a fio pisen. TDul i-p gnacnu
DO gfiep, .1. in nul ip gnachac T>O gn,ep na caclxjae^gabail me no eanna.
pobieh n a fioe, .1. pon fact in comfvuig r 10 PS 1 , no no paijap, no fio
cf JfJ>.<r- .rpuaccnain imp, in nmp a ITIaij; imp, amm m ITIOIT>; no com e Conall

Cefinach. ocup Laejaifie buanach mn pin. ccumc co cabaific a
naifim noaib, .1. o eanganun, innei co cabaipc an-aipm noib. CCchc
ptanna nama, .1. noca fioibe putpech aca gan comp-ug no T>enam ace
gan paT>nai^e nama no bet aca. "Do pei'jr'iT) ben occaib 1 maigm

ic na i\oe, .1. cafiliuy-can. ben 050 a comogu-p -oon fie comixuis; com 1 ben
Conculanin no bee ann, .1. bfiiji mgen Sencna, .1. Cuicci mgen Senca ; no
com i Niam mgen Cetcn.a. 'gui'D'piup, .1. fio guiT>epcufi enfana -pi]in,n,e.
CCpbefic maT> mo cheite no bee ann, .1. fio 0)i-ourcan, na me mu
ceiti no bee ann, an, -pi, no ben,mn ana afi eigin po^iuib, muna neyvna pib

is cena. tlo ai npamn, -i. no anpainnp an, m nai\a vep,mb, an, in binbam

a\i Conall. CCchc tp annpa, .1. ace iy noilgi T>on ci uil 05 in eobac atfi

epem,ip e a lep anup ann mana n-anca. CCm paicpe, .i.anpacpa cn,ae v

ol pi pe, ol Laogaiyve. 1 m m an an,.i. -\\o ana nepen nona com)\u5 ipn fi6.

/..,, .. CCchc ni pecacun,, .ijacc noco nenunun, cia pan fio cuin,en on,^a anan.

^Co vtnglen, .1. no cuannun, a vuigill Senca ocup Concubuip, ocnp n,o
mnpinun, acai|\mepc uime pm. Co nimchoimai\cai|i Senchae, .1. co
|io pan-vaigupcan, Senca cia amm, ap, -pe, na mna no n,ala cugibfepi im-
comain,c no iimne ann, uain, -p,ob 1 a ingin fern i, tioj^ pial bin ccup,n.u
ocup hi. Cuicei, ol -pi, mo amm pi. 1m an an in fioi, .1. emeoifiipim
O'D. 114. ifan, in comfit^ ap, 8enca, .1. muna -[xoib [ap,nu)xc] nligen ann a iy> pen
pin no fiala ann, ocup ma p.o but ip mann ocup cjveipi an, cesmuppm
7x15 no eppuic cip, gan a nenam pie fie anma na mna jx>.

O'D. 1H. [CiT> p.0 tiefia cuicte fie recmuifin na mna punn, ocup nach

put I ace cpieip fie cecmuipn fug no eppuic cip? Iff e m fdt,

j c ]\o gabai) in comfiuc rip, ocup nochui\ gabaii funT>; no if muni)

~V ^06-7 1T1 C " 1C ^ 1 ^ ocup m cfieipi fjuil if na Seccutb iafi cecmuic fug no

eppuic, .1. laithi aicmua ocuf ceichfii laiti faeffoa.]

1 p ne aea, .1. ip no m hipen aca no e^li a pp-inne o na Pemib, no fio

Op IH4 eibli a pn,mne o na Peimb, m ni fio nlepnaip muna cucca ana Cuicci an.

jf m~ach5abail, amail fio ana m comfiuc an, Cuicci no cacun, cuigi, .1. tp i

pin, 05 mnpo ap, a euca ana cuicci pop, m achgabail, no ap, in compu5 no

caTpmepc 1 n-amm Cuicci.

l Heptiads __ This is an interesting law tract, large fragments of which have been
translated by Dr. O'Donovan. But a very perfect copy from O.D. 2,020-2,154 has
been translated by Professor O'Curry. Its characteristic is that each of the subjects
df which it treats lias a sevenfold division. For instance : seven churches with the
Feinc ; seven prohibited from contracting marriage; seven kings not entitled to
honor-price; seven trespasses in co-tenancy not fined ; seven grades Incompetent
to be witnesses; seven events which put off every battle; and a great variety of
others.

SEKCHUS MOR. 253

Why is the distress, ic. i.e. why is a stay of live days attached to the DISTRESS.
distress? i.e. forstay for warning; for warning it was_done. More usual than 7 l rf f^ ** ^

any other, i.e. always a more usual form than any other sudden or lawful distress.
On account of the combat, i.e. on account of the combat which was fou-ht.
or agd_upon, or n-rea*"'"'' 1 between the two at Magh-inis, the name of the place;
or these two were Conall Caernach and Laeghaire Buadhach. When they had
all things ready for plying their arms, i.e. when they came to the field
to strike each other with their weapons. Except a witness alone, i.e. there
was nothing to delay them from engaging in the combat except that they had
not a witness. They met a woman at the place of combat, i.e. a woman
met them near the ueld of battle ; it was the wife of Cuchullainn that was there,
i.e. Brighi, daughter of Sencha, i.e. Cuicthi, daughter of Sencha; or it was Niamh,
daughter of Cealtair. She requested, i.e. she entreated of them fcMJky. Say-
ing, "If it were my husband who was there," i.e. she exclaimed, "If
it were my husband that was there," said she, " I would force you to delay, if ye
would not do so of your own accord." "I would delay,' 1 i.e. " I at least would
delay," said one of the men, i.e. said the defendant, Conall. "But it would be
prejudicial," i.e. "but it is difficult for the man who is suing me to delay; it is
his cause that will be delayed, if delay be made." "I will delay," i.e. "I
will delay, too," said he, i.e. said Laeghaire. The combat was then put
off, i.e. they therefore deferred the combat in the field. But they did not
know to what time, i.e but they did not know how long it was enjoined on
them to delay it. Passed judgment, i.e. they submitted to the adjudication
of Sencha and Conchubhur, and they told them of their having been prevented re-
specting it (the combat). Sencha asked, "What is the name of this
woman?" i.e. and Sencha asked "What is the name of the woman," said he,
" who came up with you to itnp tin cnmhat, which was fJTpri nn -there-?" (for she
was his own daughter, aul there was a veil between him and her). "Cuicthi," <"'/
said she, "is my name." "Let the combat be put off," i.e. "let
there be a stop put to the combat," said Sencha, i.e. if there were not established
law this is what would happen there ; but if there were, it is the same as three days
upon meeting a king or a bishop, as stated below, and it would not be for the period
expressed by the name of this woman.

What is the reason that there are five days on account of meeting
the woman here, and that there are only three days on account of
meeting a king or a bishop below ? The reason is, the combat was
entered into below, and it was not here ; or, the five days here
are equal to the three days which are mentioned in the Heptiads 1
upon meeting a king or a bishop, i.e. one natural day and four arti-
ficial days.

From which is derived, i.e. it is from this circumstance is derived that their
truth would die from the Feini, or their truth would die from the heroes, i.e. the
thing to which they would be entitled, had not a stay of five days been allowed
for the distress, as the combat was put off on account of the coming up of Cuicthi,
i.e. this is the perfect true rule by which a stay of five days is given for the dis-
tress, or for prohibiting the combat in the name of Cuicthi.

254 Senchur tttop.

DISTRESS. [TTluna n.oib apiDtipic TitigiT) iffeT) fin -DO fiala anti], ace ma
O'D. 114. T 10 ^ui ojwjinc T)tiet ann, ip aiiiail fin T>O piala iai> ; no ac
O'D. 114. b^tf necrufi m DO [peine] iap, pp,, .1. ConaU. ocu^ Laenjuirie.

CaipjciT) ap a neipmap achgabail ? Win. CCp, mT)i
roDgaibcep qiebaipe iap n-eq^eba1pe, ap m achgebat)
nac qiebaip. a chennat>aich ap qiebaipi, mam npeT)
achgabail qiebaipe ocuf / ai>ilce, ap m po chpeipice la
e/ mDligeT) n^mbefcna, mam rif^T) achgabail qiebaipe
-DO peic -Do^befcgna ; coniT) t)e af bepap, achjabdil, ap
/0 ainT)i at>5aibcep copbae iap n-ecoiibu, main iap n-an-
main, cechc iap n-T)icechr, pp iap n-anpp, tiligeT) iap
n-inTli5et), cepc m]i n-eciupr, cechca iap n-ecechcu, coiji,
iap n-ecoip, pechc iap n-anp,echn^.co cagaib n-mle.
cfr.Tll ifo.2%

t) afi a neipmatx achgalJail, .1. .

&\r.\\i. in(aehjgaba)l art no etroa. (Xp inni conaT) gaibceyx c|vebaijxe,
.1. ap. inm gabup. 1 co T>tt5ech, .1. gelt ocuy aictpi a Cabala anoya. 1 ap,
n-ecp.ebaip,e, .1. im a tiemgabait gtif cpayca. CCp 111 aicligeBa'D
nac cpeab'aipe, .1. tioca n-uajxil aigtiema nac T)uine cpebuip, a cenn
iac1ia [.i.] a cenn, a pepainn ap cpebuipe TIO -Denarii. 111 am ciya-o, .1.

iomuna ciyaT) m gabail ait no ejyoa cpebuip peo -DO ima a -otijeT) af>tuij;.
CCp ni p.o ctipeipite, .1. uaip. noc n-omgne nac am co rpebtnp ta
in-otige-o m TipocVi bepcna po bui pemuinn gup tpcrpca. 111am cipa-o, 71*.'
.1. muna ciyxi m gabail ait, no e-D-oa cpebuip |>o T>a poipiclnn T>O peip ba
Pf gnae no aibmt). Com-o -oe ap bepap actigabail, .1. coniT) 7>e pn

jfpaicep no aipneichep m gabatl ai6 no ea-oja, .1. a nemgabait cup -opapca.
Top,ba lap n-ecopbu, .1. a gabala anopa. Tllainliap n-antnain,
.1. gan -DligeT) -DO maintain. Ceclic iap, nt>icectiri( .1. cechcui) pach
apep peme po; a gill anopa, .1. ceclicu a gabata; 110 tap nenroenam gup
cpa^ca. Vip. iap. n-an pip, .1. ppmne a gab'ata anoya iap n-anpipJa W^

.^nemgabata cup cpctpca. "Otij;eT> lap nan-otijer), .1. a f;abata anopa
iapnint)li5eT)a nenigabalagup cpa-pca. Cepc ip n-ect upc, .1. cepcu
agabata anopa iap n-6f;/epcuT> a nenigabata gup cp.([] % ca. TJ e c Ti c a i ap
n-ececTicu, .1. oii^eT) a sab'aUt anopa iap n-tnT)Li5ei a nemgabala cvr

SENCHUS MOB. 2-55

If there was not established law this is what would happen, DISTKKSS.

but if there was established law, they should be regulated according

to it; or, either of the two men would Lave perished in truth, i.e.
Conall or Laeghaire.

Question. Why is distress (' athghabhail ') so call-
ed ? Answer. Because security is obtained after in-
security, for no surety could recover his land given
as security, if distress for security and guarantee did - 1
not come to his aid, for it could not be settled on
account of the illegality of false ' bescgna,' if the dis-
tress from a surety did not come to relieve tlite
' bescgna ;' hence it is called ' athghabhail,' because
through it advantage is obtained after disadvantage,
property after the absence of property, possession after
non-possession, truth after untruth, legality after ille-
gality, justice after injustice, lawful possession after
unlawful possession, right after wrong, order after dis-
order ; all which are obtained.

Question. Why is distress ('athghabhail') so called? i.e. I inquire,
why is it called the distress quick or legal? Because security is obtained, i.e.
because it is lawfully obtained, i.e. a pledge and a hostage for taking it now. After
insecurity, i.e. for not having taken it before now. For no surety could
recover, i.e. for no surety could recover his 'cenu iatha,' i.e. his field, his land,
u->,ich he had gii-en up in going security. If distress for security did not
come, &c. i.e. unless this quick, lawful, and proper distress came to his relief respect-
ing the right to which he is entitled. For it could not be settled, i.e. for it
could not be properly done at any time on account of the illegality of bad ' bescgna '
which was mentioned above. If the distress did not come to relieve, i.e.
unless this quick, or legal and proper distress should come to his relief, according to
the good and beautiful knowledge. Hence it is called 'aithghabhail '
i.e. hence it is called or denominated the quick or lawful seizure ('aithghabhail'),
i.e. from its not having been before taken. Advantage after disadvantage,
i.e. advantage of taking it now. Property after the absence of pro-
perty , i.e. without cdiig_Qnijaglits. Possession after non-possession,
i.e. legalization of debts, which were hitherto withheld ; there are pledges now, i.e.
the legalizing the seizure; or, after not having done it hitherto. Truth after
untruth, i.e. the truth of seizing it now after the untruth of not seizing it before
now. Legality after illegality, i.e. legality of taking it now after the ille-
gality of not having taken it hitherto. Justice after injustice, i.e. the
justice of taking it now after the injustice of not having taken it hitherto. Law-
ful possession after unlawful possession, &c. i.e. the lawfulness of tak-

256 Senchup

s. Cfiafca. Coin. iafi n-ecoifi, .1. a sabata, .,. in conaifi puij;iU, if eoifl
- naccomcnfic anofa iafi negcoip, a nemjabata cuf cfiafca. Hectic tafi
n-anfiechc, .1. T>ifuacaiT> anopa iafi nem'oifiiacai'6 cof . cfiapoa. Co
cagaibhmle, co gaibceyi f m uite afi in ngabail ain no

an achgabail if amm coicchenn t>o each cqitich
pp,if cobug each a tep. CCichgabait in fin ai^penap, jx>
P 10 ' ctT^penap, olcc anmumib, at^ena^ match muimb,
gaibcifi a cm in each cincach. 'gaibnD <pe\i pfiif a
puachaji eip,aicc.

'<> CCix an achgab'ail, .1. afv in in if mnm coiccenn T>O cac pijxi 05
coibgenn nee in ni -Dtigiuf -DO fieip. T)iiaiacai, .1. achgabail in nTptTT Ci-o
pe ni cyxef a coib5enn cac coma achgabail ba yxaici flip. CC-o venaT 1 p
/ /i / (fus l^ 10 ' ''' acncc(1 T l 5 lc ' le T 1 "ii'c Don maicib. CCt> vsiiT 1 otcc anmuinib,

i.ac]vcmji5icin,olc Tion ci na oenan-o rnaic T>a muinaib. ^aibcifi a cm
/acac cm cac, .1. jaibcen, gac cmcac ina cma, m can nac vaja eyiic.
'gaibiT) -pefi VT^'r a V 1 " 10 " ! 1 ! - 1 - saibii) m pefi vt 1 '!" 1 Toencafi in
puachcam efiic a cein f:o gabufi -DO.

O'D. 115. Caifi CIT> a|i a nepnafi cechififlichc t:cfi [arhgabait.]
CCrX^ 1 " 01 ctf cechajvoa t)o^pc(jper: poT>ajpe]ia, .1. cmiuT)
u> lap, cuifciu ocuf cm iaji cinuT), paitt ia.]i cm, apuT>

) 1a^^ paiLt, ocur elttT) T>li5iT> iaja n-apuT), ocuf
iT)naiT)ni piaT) piat)naifib.

Caifi, C1T> afi a tiepenafi, .1. [comaifi] cini ciT) ap, a fiaichefi no CIT>
afi a n-aifnecen. cetafipui^ecc, no cecfie aipief no cetfie gneici -po^ m
tigabait aic no e5T)a.) CCfi ITITII ay cecayiT>a, .1. ap, m m if cecafroa if
fiemceccach fie na gabdil, .1. puifimif a gabaiL?^ Cimut) iafi cuifct,
.1. geinemain T>O o maichifi tafi na cuifci o acnaifi. Cm iafi cmu-o, .1.
cin T>O T>enum T>O iafi na gememuin o maicnifi. Pait?j iafi cm, aput>
iafi paitt, .1. apaT>o cabaific aifi [o pectiemum cotceua] itn
t) iafi paitt T>O T>enum tim cma fin cm ic. &luT) TstijiT), .1. el/o

r>o leca um T>lij;eT> iafi cab'aific apa uime. Ocup I'onai'oiu
piaT>naifib, .1. ocuf afi nembec TIO pecem coiceT>a a n-ufinaiT> a
naife piaT>m co niT>fiaic.

O'D. 116. [CC cecuifi fin if fie btuT>buiT>, ocuf a Cfii fie pechemuin
3^- coichetia. 1f tac na cecuifi if fie biu-obuiti, cimut)

-

I-

SENCHUS MOR.

ing it now after the unlawfulness of not having taken it hitherto. Eight after DISTRESS.

wrong, i.e. of taking it, i.e. the path of judgment whidris just .fur.uein g jjiore fj^^ ^ %-fifa.

.a- judge now after the injustice of not having taken it up to this time. Order

after disorder, i.e. right rules now after wrong rules hitherto. All which

are obtained, i.e. so that all these are obtained by the quick or lawful seizure.

For distress (' athghabhail') is a general name for
every security by which every one recovers his right.
'Athghabhairisthat:whieh-Peedrsgood^Aegood, ^ ^^f^
wkjgb renders evil te the evil, which renders good t W7l . ,

the good. w%krr-tefces-fch4^-gjii]yJb?-4HS guilt. The

, , . ,11 )

man who is attacked obtains eric -line.

For distress ('athghabhail,') i.e. because it is a general name for every true
perfect method by which one recovers what he is entitled to according to rectitude,
i.e. that thing is ' athghabhail.' Whatever method it may be by which one re-
covers may be called 'athghabhail.' Which renders good to the good,
i.e. good is rendered unto the good. Renders evil to the evil, i.e. it renders
evil to the person who does not do good with his possessions. Which takes
the guilty for his guilt, i.e. every guilty person is taken for his guilt when
'eric'-fine is not obtained. The man who is attacked obtains 'eric'-
fine, i.e. the man against whom the attack is made receives 'eric'-fine according
to the extent to which he has been injured.

Question. Why is the distress termed four-fold?
Because it is four things that happen to him, tke-ele-
^^ i- e - birth after con-

ception, and crime after birth, neglect after crime,

notice of law after neglect, to which are added, evasion '"if p 1

of law after notice, and waiting before witnesses.

Question __ Why is the distress, &c., i.e. I ask why is the quick or law-
ful distress called, termed, or denominated quadruple, four-fold, or of four kinds ?
Because it is four things, &c., i.e. because four things precede its taking, <w
before-its taking can be effected. Birth after conception, &c., i.e. his birth
bv I" 3 mother after conceiving him from his father. Crime after birth, i.e.
crime is committed by him, the defendant, after being born of his mother. Neglect
after crime, notice of law after neglect, i.e. the plaintiff to serve notice
of law upon him after his having neglected to respond in respect of that crime,
without payment. Evasion of law, i.e. to evade the law after notice being
lawfully served upon him. And waiting before witnesses, i.e. the neglect-
ing to wait by the plaintiff before witnesses in u proper manner.

Four of these appertain unto the defendant, and three to the
plaintiff. The four which appertain unto the defendant, are birth

2-58 Senchup TTlofi.

DISTRESS, ocuf citi lap, cirtuiT), ocup rattt 10^ an, ocuf 616* otiji* iafi
ti-apcrd. 1f iac tia qii iy pe pechemtnn roicheT>a, aniuT> lap,
, ocup apUT> ictfi j:aill, iT>nuif>i pa paonuib.]

|| W f/& f. ' r afl 1tlT) hl 1C ceieo T la achsabala gcnbciti cmn, .1

.rT)uine, ocuf hifim, ocup map,bT)ili, ocur beoceccfe

Ocup pbic ic cecheofia pDlai, ocup ceceofia
bala pop, each ae, piiTiuiniu, pojihifiuro, pop, tnapb-Dilib,
pop, beoceachjiaib.

Ocup ap, HIT) hi ap cechapt>ae pp^ip gaibcheti aichga-
/ O bail; cin^ocup sniniii^ ocup eipmc.

Ocup apa HTD hi ap cediapT>ae co 11051 airh^abail.
O'A /I7 1 P'r t11 'i : coxul mp. neluT) -01151-0, cprnnaech mp, coxul,
papc mp cpmvoech, au|inai-oe -olipt) ppi popup cechcae
C c 5 el C0 '^ in ^

Ocup ap 11-1-0 hi ap ceacap-oa po^epoTpon mani
,t cap, -01; poseiluro, ocup mbteic, -oicim, ocup -oilpi co

- ** '

n-oitmame.

Ocup ap.a 111-0 hi ap cechap/oa ppip nsaibchep,

o'D. us. bail: pip,, ocup -01151-0, cepc, ocup cechca; [ocup coip,

* Kf. fcw K'vt.ty.^ "naccomaip,c;*ap, in coip, naccomuipc ip ainm] coiccerro

u,a> ,:*-** t>oib uile, -ou 1 mbec copai pechemom pjn aiccomapc a

bpeici T>on bpeichemum. c * flJ '^iiS'. Tt^t> yrg^ ? ftm. ^. aj,

i)>'. 0'/6//8 Ocup apa uro hi ap cechap-oa conceichcais pon ; cm
/ CiH ?Sf' 3? ocup cobac, pai5i ocup inableogam.

if Ocup apa int> hi ic ceceojia eip.ca -oo/cuipn -01 peoca
cac uficuin-o; aicgin ocup -oipe, caipplle ocup enec-

Ocup ap UTO hi ic ceceopa ppim po-olai pit poppui-oib,
.1. tan ocup lech, cpian ocup cechpamchu.

W J Four things. Only three enumerated, the fourth is omitted both here and in

' O'D. 117. /Vo;frt</(Mt ( f(W>v.

' Al/ickomharc. This was one of five forms of action or proceeding in the Brehon
Laws. C- 13, 3391.

SENCHUS MOR. ;V;9

after conception, crime after birth, neglect after crime, and evasion DISTRESS.
of law after notice. The three which appertain unto the plaintiff
are, birth after conception, notice after neglect, waiting before wit-
nesses.

And because there are four kinds of distress taken,
viz., man, and land, and dead chattels, and live chattels.

And because there are four divisions, and four kinds
of distress for each, viz., upon man, upon land, upon
dead chattels, upon live chattels.

And because there are four 1 things for which distress
is taken: crime v and parlkupa^otrtn deedJand 'eric'-fine. ****** L^

And because there are four things which perfect
the distress afterwards: carrying off after evasion,
securing after carrying off, notice after securing, law- Wtuhiy **
ful waiting at the proper residence after notice with
the proper securities in the proper places, ptrunto 7 -

And because there are four things respectively
charged upon it unless the pledge be given for it : ex-
penses of feeding, and tending, delay in pound, and
complete forfeiture.

And because there are four things to be observed
in the taking of distress : truth, and law, justice, and
right ; and the right of suing before a j udge; and right <~cfj>. 2s -_
ofJath^homhafc' 2 is a general name for them all, where
both parties have a right of gofng^fore a judge for
his decision.

And because there are four things for which it-is w^
kvied : ' cin ' (ones own crime), and ' tobhach ' (the crime "* "*"*- ****
of a near kinsman), ' saighi,' (the crime of a middle
kinsman) and the crime of a kinsman in general.

And because there are four ' ericiufiiies for the ' seds'
of every chieftain : restitution and 'dire'-fine, ad-
ditional interest and honor-price.

And because there are four chief divisions made of
them, i.e. full and half, one-third and one-fourth.

s2

2C <

/ DISTKESS. Ocup ap, HTD In ic cecheoiia pine aca nepom con-

- < oaVv .tH^vuXx^A Vftll4.

beip,ac cincciT> caca bunaTDaig: gelpne ocup T)ep,bpne,

mppne, ocup mT>pine.

Ocup ap, inT) hi ic ceceopa petba bic pop, each
ocuf atigaiiiceji: fetb pim acap,T)ai, ocup f etb placa ocuf
petb Gcatfa, ocup pelb mairhp,ai, no pelb atqiama; fio
bi co com|iaicec huile pop, oen; fxom bi mibec a 7)1, no a
a qai, no nachae aenap, nacha cechca.

Ocup ap, mT) hi T>o naipjetta each ap,a cechpai a
coip, comaccepa ppip na cechpi comaicchiu oca nepom
immi'Dbiac ppi T)a caeb ocup pp.1 T)a n-aip,cinT).

Ocup ap, mT) hi ic ceceopa uppachap 7)o cuipin:
up,p,achap bp,ctca cai, ocup up,p,acap cana, ocup auppacap
caip,T)i, ocup auppxrcap pp,i neimau.

frceH t^nt] A'M2.t7 C ' 5 , -jL

e^ M'^ t^ffi

>f Ocup ap, in"D hi ic ceceopa ap,a<5 pp,ip cobnprep na
ceicpi aujwicaip; aichgabail ppi bpaca cai, giatl pp.1
cam, ainp,e ppi caip'D'Diy^etl ppi neimchiu.

H> no, C M>$? ^ ct T ctf 1 1irD ^ ic ceceop,a poT)lai pil pop, getlaib : Ian

oct T ^echgilte, cpmn gilte, ocup pmacc

M ^ 5 Ocup ap, mt) hi ic ceichpi p.echca po meppaigperTttp,

-^fe*7 bpecemnachc : p,echc naicneT), ocup pechc pecapluig,

o-D. 124. [p,echn pait)e,] p,echc nuT>piaT)naipe.

o ? Ocup ap, am ip cechaptia conoige pecc : pp ocup

^etl, comic ocup comtame ; pip, pp,ipj, napcaii)cep bpe-

jr u'cemnacc; geaLl pp-ip^ amapgap, a copuib bel; connc

mp, caiptncecc; comtanat) lap n-eipe jiechca.

The ilivisinix f the Fine'' nre noticed in detail in O'D. 1003.

SENCIIUS MOE.

261

And because the four nearest tribes bear the crimes i"
of each kinsman of their stock: 'gelfine' 1 and ' derbh-
fine,' 'iarfine' and 'indfine.'

And because there are four who have an interest ,,, j, ft ; v
in every one who sues or is sued: the tribe of the
father, the chief, the church, the tribe of the mother,
or the foster-father; it may be that they all may be
in one; it may be that they all may be in two, or
in three, or one alone may have an interest in him.

And because every one gives pledges for his cattle
in right of co-occupancy of land to the four^ neigh- ' ^/
bours nest-te-feim on the two sides and the two ends 4^ art
of his land.

And because there are four ' Urradhus'-laws recog-
nised : the ' Urradhus'-law of Brathcai, the ' Urradhus'-
law of ' Cain'-law, the ' Urradhus'-law of interterri-
torial law, and the ' Urradhus'-law of persons of dis- '

tinction. "b^^bsv"

And because there are four seciMgs by whichthese
are enforced: distress
'Cain'-law, aage & interter-

' '

ritorial law, pledge H

And because there are four divisions made of
pledges: full pledge, half pledge, one-third pledge, and
' smacht'-pledge. =/ Crn> 7r-t

And because there are four laws which a^e-teought :
to-feear_aipon judicature: the law of nature, the patri-
archal law, the prophetic law, the law of the New

Testament.

And because it is four things that perfect law:
proof and pledge, payment and fulfilment; proof by
which judgment is confirmed; pledge by which defet-is
seeueed in-, verbal contracts; payment after trans-
gression ; making reparation after violating the law.

fy ^ J

262

SenchupTTlop.

p in ni ip cecapTa ppip_ ,._. r _ ,. ,

elgum oaip eoipat, anpp ocup elcge, ace m eiege ir
ppoT) total pon ; pop eoipcit pobq elguin.

Ocup ap in ni pobDup ceepi uiti po baeap, pop,
pogpu Tlie : aon, ocup cpeip, cuicce, ocup -oecmu,
125. ^gnmo bi cupbui'O, occup [J^uipau t>al]

Occup ap in ni p,o bui cecepplicc a po
bail: occup ba aon gach achgabail, ap m pulgen-D nech
ci_n apaile, ace a cina'o patieipn; ocup a pjil poji
pop upogjiu, a puil pop / cpeip, ba cpeip
i, ocup a puil_cuicn, ba cOicce ppi upogjia, ocup
a puil ppi tiechmait, ba 'Dechmti pop upogpa.

, , ,

n i" m if cecap-Da poT)epa roti : ecip-cmntco
pac ocur ai-oilgene, .1. eap-cianu cpich, ocur coifciT),
H"

coibner, ocur rai-obp,! no cupba/q .tiais
peme cm each compoguir Pn ap,aile, amuil bepep'a
eipic ocup a tiiba.

Ocup aca.T)i achgabail pi la peme : achjabail cmea

[15], ocup achgabail mableojam.

20 [*O]o aiplichep anca pop achgabala, ocup na napa T)o

cuipn -DO each achgabail cen eupbat ocup gen eppuT);

apaT) cuicce TO pechemum, ocup apat 'Oecmai'oe -DO

pnne. 111 at aehgabail mableojain gaibcep ann,-[^]o

cechcpa-D pom cecapplicc in uppogpa -DO achgabail,

i.rocup ni p,o eecepaT) imupjio anca na Tuchman'Da ace

Dichim n-aomenama.;. "Do 5pep/ini po emclaT) in ni

4o

An-1

\

"- ~- -- - -H.\ *. " ^

263

SENCHUS MOB.

And because there are four things by which these DISTRESS.
are regulated: cognizance and intention, ignorance
and unlawfulness,

frj ;i Li VI~T,TC*II ^ v i - _* (/

And because there -are four periods for notice of
law : one day, and three days, five days, and ten days,
besides exemption, and for hosting in a territory. if

And because there **e four divisions of the notice
of the distress: and every distress was of one day
anciently, for no one sustained the liability of another,
but his own; but now that which has a stay of one
day, had one day's notice, that which has three days'
stay, had three days' notice, that which has five
days' stay, had five days' notice, and that which has
ten days' stay, had ten days' notice.

And because four things cause this: remoteness of
A debts and intention, i.e. remoteness of territory, and ^

2 desire, and relationship, and rich condition or ex-
emption, by which the Feini charge the liability of
each kinsman upon the other, in the same way as
he obtained his 'eric '-fine and his inheritance.

And the distresses that the Feini have are two:
distress from a debtor, and distress from a kinsman.

Stays were ordained for distresses, and two notices
were appointedfor every distress without exemption and
without defect ; a notice of five days to the defendant,
and a notice of ten days in the case of the inferior
grade, if it be distress on account of a kinsman that
is taken, they (the Feini) legalizeoUhe quadruple divi-
sion of the notice for the distress, but they did not f,
ie*a^ize stays or delays in pound, except a delay in
pound of one day only. This thing was, however,

Senchup TT)6p,.

TiiaTTtvav

- pem lapum, conat> ceqie anca, occup ceichp,i TMchnian'o,

ocnp Tia h-apat). ,/ /? , N ./,

'wtypfwet, L J v ' *

T)o pe-D uppo5p,a cac achgabail la peine, ace ni po
uppogpxt cac aon painlesaity na 7)iponaip tmnai.

.

i^oma "Dlite p,ia n-achgabail T>o pechemam,
ufiplpa, co comuT) cac a paiT>bprpp.i gea
bp,eac, ppi cojup,, pp.1 comacup, ppi cupa. CCji up'ame
ippepapfcuicafppi con"o) ctiin'Diseii'; ip -oe no ceaT), [nli

tfn-j- v " ^/yi 111 .

ppelaip acnjabail pia cuica, ni puaT)ip la poxul; ap, up

/ T)e p,o ceT), apnpeT) pumi ip cac mmainne a mota

P.I / / t
Ww -twit/ 4A bub

w

- , .. dc fat, D'J..,.

- fl > (Mi 'A ) ,~f

DDOjpogafiqi T)echmu t)o pqfine piachaij a piaT)am

cgij; a^ufoecTimu'D pp,i fai-DiT), ocnpnbteostnn i^A-
coipnefat) pine pp,i cac faijep cm.

Cmcac cac pine lap, neloT), ia|i n-apa, lap, n-
/roctip mp, n-iTHunj;

fT[ 7i-l

TDichceatl each neiptip; pachac each poltuT) lap, pp,
} mp, n-apaT), mp, n-ujipogiia TSlige, jen conTDet) rnt

^^ i i- *"' * * 'y ~ i <

-Dicheach na piacTia a p,eip,caich bepa p,iancha; cac coip,
. nu-nr-n^ ^*Wr*tSi-'f - ^ r

a q^1 imtna rfienaiget ap, each
mableogum, pp,ip a annejap, -olije pp,i mtipuctif n-
mableogtun, apup mT>p,tiic cac n-mbleojuin ?

papc, pop,up, co comgitlib cechca.

SENCIIUS MOR.

265

',

afterwards changed -fe*-ever, so that there are now
four stays, and four delays in pound, and two notice?.

Notice precedes every distress in-fehe^ease-of iaferier
grade", but no notice is-^ewed-oft a wanderer, or one
who has no fixed residence. Give five days legal
notice before distress be taken from a defendant, if
notice i>e served afrail, that Wmay bave-his property
in readiness for a pledge, for judgment, for consulta-
tion, for adjustment, for contracts. Hence was said,
" Five days for ovory sensible- adult ;" and hence was
said, "Thou shalt notiake distress before five days,
thou shalt not carry it off by isHm*fette-4wtee86;''
and hence was said, " Debt is fastened upon it in the
middle of the time." , t>

A notice of ten days is served upon the &Htke of the
debtor in the presence of witnesses ; for ten days are
allowed for suing, and the nearest kinsman of his
tribe is sued for his liability.

Every tribe is liable after the absconding of a mem-
ber of it, after notice, after warning, and after lawful
waiting.

Every act of neglect is a fault; every act of neglect
is finable after knowledge, after notice, after warning
of law, without competence to deny the debts accord-
ing to the decision of him whose office it is to settle
them ; every one has a right to deny.

What are the three things by- which] the distress
from the kinsman is made-three-fbld, by which a per-
son's right is sought through the worthiness of a kins-
man, for every kinsman is worthy ?

Driving, notice, and pound, with lawful pledges.

"

266 Senchuf m6n.

' Dl !!!! ss - Co coxltntcen, co coim -Ditch en, co parci-ocen, co
, CA ., atifwiai-ocep, pfii in-onucu r mabUoguiTi ?/ "Do poxta crwan

DO cechnun. fr9r*7

DO cechnun.

Coin on-0 una -olige -01 a lencan leip, la cei[f]c -DO
aifieachca

O cefcmb cofiaib cengup, TO jnim pp,ip ciajui-D T>o
a coinjilla, tiaTDmun-Daib, fiadiuib, piaT)tiaife 5

Pecem pomm peicheman

r dM&nuMM/ ^ ' i f tl '

Mat) bi 'oorpnuidiib fein naich, na patmaip, na
m ponuf, na pechem piip a cuiTDbenan.

t/ . // /^J2, 2-

puaDach, comDe, ponuf, papc if geib. Mi|^ tuaDai na
"Oiponnafc ; ni ponnafc naDi puif)li ; nir puit:li nat)

'M^O^ ^yv/J^. 4 - v"

naT) jeallat ; m 560110-6 naT) pui-ole ; nip puigli na"D
'foiji gnini pn pachaib; p^ecech, cagna, occtif im-
iT>ceachc imCafcaT) ai imuaini jiejie bnecheman, co
THcenT) ai ocuf 'Dilmaine cac coin.
11

iiTOfiuic mableoguin gen anaT) ran ace atica
*Deicbine.

"Olomcan cafibafo;* ceip-o annp: cubat floig p
men'oaT); ianTnonacccntiit>,tio coib^ena; no gabala, no/
*3/ cimiti, no pn mtun-oane confla 1 n-ailiqii, tio comji
comna, no lega TX) neoch biff FP-^ ta r> "o bneic/noja

' -^

^ , ; ^

t!)> ^ ^^

V

SENCHUS MOR. 267

How is it carried off? How is it kept ? How is DISTRESS.
notice given respecting it ? How is it seagH-back
with worthiness of the kinsman ? Three carry it out
to four persons.

This is the proper order of the noble law if it be
fully followed, by the evidence of which people may
come before the grades of the court.

They go from proper witnesses to the deed to do
which they came by right of their ' coingffle,' guar-
antees, sureties, witnesses.

The law agent p^evide^^y^e-defendaBt-rmist be
according to the rank of 4he--f>l&intiffj& law-agek-

Let not the surety, or the witness, or the pound, or
the law agent by whom it is Itwro^/te' inferior to this. '

Carrying away, guarding, pound, notice,, we-ass-
qmred. ^e cairnot carry off who is not able to bind;
he cannot bind who is not able to pass judgment;
he cannot pass judgment unless he can distinguish
who- is not able to give security or gtuaeaa&fe', he ^ ^f ' 7
cannot bind unless he give a pledge ; he cannot give
a pledge unless he pass judgment; he cannot pass
judgment of debt unless he can complete the deed of
true debts ; g^aeantee, pleading, and for going to
settle the contract according to the decision of the
Brehon, until the suit is finished and payment pro-
perly made.

The lawful notice to the kinsman is to have no
delay except the lawful occasion of delay.

The occasions of exemption are here set down; these
are they : the attack of a host upon the house'; pur-
suit of cattle, or a party; or the seizure ef-eattle, or f -
* prisone^ or a member of a tribe having gone on a
pilgrimage, or to obtain the communion, or a phy-
sician for a person on the point of death, or to give

C & "^ " U/r ^ " ** * 9Utu> ^ m/ <<*r^ Co

2G8 enchup TT16p,

con n7)eicbipe; ceiche^en T>icellt)o cecpuib,(T>o,popcuch
T)o TMimib; cuing mna Tio mnai bif 1^1 uaichne; com-
liuich FJU riech bif co naLmtnT)e; ctnbjiech '
gealt T)O mcaib pfii nech na T)aim ceajic:

CCichefioch pa^i; ctaechto aifim no eT>aiT); oL

aicejiach "DLtn n-ajya; gabail cuifc T)o pe^ ^epca

imbi cofc. Cach 'Denbait), each cufibuiT) co troecbifie

. ia|inT)ia ocfOuine,,momcat\ piatain pfi 1 * connDe cqic

Pfiichffiechap, pafc pfiiqplicc; T)toTTicap, T)iaf
actjati 'DO cum ^aicce pp, a^a n|i coxtaicheti, TIO cum
a^ fen pn, af a reilb fLomnce^. Ij'Oian pip,
i, papc qief bfiechap, an if ne^am i n-u|iT). Co cep-
qieo-oa gen pojiuf pechem, .1. an p]Hfi r 10

,, pechem a

*0lom -Dligi popup pp.1 paije pp, pi 1 - 1 .mtipucup mn-

cm each cincat'O qnuin.

o. poor- Ocup paichce ppipi puipmitchep T>amj;en ma [cuim-

1 "060*00] cuaip7)?5en cumapcc mlup, cechpa, eich, maipc,0<P
^f I- c. 27oo. muca, caipig, sabairtj [bra gach ae po leich ma cumann

COIp]. luhttf*-*/ C/'Jb \1f fi tf<, t)'

h'K |?<>0 O'D. 116. I Ocup a-p, m hi, .1. a|vin m if ceteotva gabala aifeno egTja. ["Ouine,
i. Y'e buT>ein im a cmcuib vein, ocuy itn cmuit) a comvocaif.] n-i|iiu, .1.
j*- a -pen.ainn. fnap,bt)ili, o. na mai|ib croa TJil&pT 19 nech. beoceacjia,
.1. na beo cecfia T>O gabcan, 1 n-adigabait.

i. v 011 Vt 1C cecn,ieoi\a nece

SENCHUS MOR. 2G9

notice of necessity; carrying off of cattle without DISTRESS -
concealment, persons swear to it ; seeking a midwife
for a woman in labor; smuggling _with an epileptic ;
securing a madman; procuring a pledge to protect
against one who does not yield justice; pjeparing_
medicine for the sick.

Changing twice : exchanging arms or raiment ; *j"
taking a drink; changing the wisp of his shoe; get-
ting a drink for a patient uBtleF-a-peisoftk-6a. For u m dnMe. c^rt/i
every proof, every exemption on ground of necessity
before God and man, witnesses are named after a
just and proper manner.

Notice is sent along the track of the distress ; two
are mentioned along with the witness ; they come to
the green of the man from whose land the distress
was carried off, afterwards to the pound of the man
whose property they are stated to be. If the notice
be truly given, the third word in order will convey
it. Three things are to be announced at the resi-
dence of the defendant, i.e. the debt for which it was
taken, the pound into which it was put, the law agent
by

Declare the law of the pound by which, by the
worthiness of the kinsman, the debt of every power-
ful defaulter may be sued.

And the green into which it is put should have a
fence all round/ without intermixing various cattle,
such as horses, mares, swine, sheep, goats; let each
kind of them respectively be in its proper pound.

And because there are, &c., i.e. because there are four quick or legal
seizures. M a n, i.e. himself for his own liabilities anil the liabilities of his kinsmen.
Land ' Iriu,' i.e. his lands. Dead chattels, i.e. the dead things which are a
person's property. Live chattels, i.e. the live cattle which are taken in distress.

And because there are four divisions. Le. because there are four things

in,

270

DISTRESS, ima vw>et5laiTjcep, actigab'ail t>o gab'ail, an achgabatl, .1. a an

ocup cp,i unit mabteogam. Ocup ceceop.a achjaoala, .1. na cetpi
petti, .1. fee cromi, ocup pec tpeipi, pec cuicti, ocup pec 7>echmaiT>6-
Pop, -ouiniu, .1. Tiuine TIO jjatiail, a n-achgaBail in can nac puil, m

.Teile 0151. Pop, hip,mT>, .1. ep,ann -oo gabail, a n-achjab'c'nt. pop,

beoceachp,aib, .1. pon, na cecjxa bn> aigi -DO gab'uil a n-achgabail.
O'D. ne, [Lent jacha hcrchgabata ma him>lij;et> atgabula, co ponce
7>ech tnbu -oo Gctuip, ocup tii cfic ectntn (.1. prnacc) rap. cuic bu
DO cumt ciT) im TII T>opli .xxun. cumala/, TTlaT) citi apcro, cm

/<. ryvopcuT) gabup, : ocup ipbeipi -ono, each T>uine caiche T>op. li cumul,
cuic peoic a pmacc imicecca. TYlcro mp. napui) ocup rpiopcuti
imfifu>,ipcuicpeoic,-oacecuiCT>aba, 1 n uroliget) gaca arhgabala
a tnbet ceitfii ba; ocupciD tii bup mo, m tec raipup, .1. cap, oa bet.
TTIa lua maic na ceichyn ba in atgabail gabupi pcia naput) ocup

/^qfiopcuTi, .1. ip let p^3il ina ngabu^ mi irrotiget), oip, nf lniigaTiTO
a cabaptca ina gabata cm apa-6, cm qaopcut>. TTlap iopv napa'o
ocup cyxopcu-D ; tio t>no ic cuic peoic 1 n-itrotijeT) gac acgabala
lap, ti-aput) ocup cpiopcuT), CIT> bee, cm moyi, uaii\ ni
a cabuifit; ip m inbec ma jabait ip in mopi.]

i* Ocup ap, m hi ay cecliap.'oae pn, 1 T" gaibcheji achgabail, cm
7J1.1., .1. an, m ni it> ceceon,a epnaile pinipi ngaibcen, m gaibail 016 no
et)t>a. CCichgabait cm, .1. in T)iiiiit pvoeni aonun,. 5' l1 ""i ' map,
aon p,e nee eile. &ip,atc, .1. T>ipe, .1. aicjma.

Ocup ap,a mt) In ap cechap,T>a conogi, .1. ocup ap m ni I-D cetjn

' a.Tepnuiti comlanuigchep. iap.am um a n-acTigabail ^abup. mi ib e^na rpin.

toxul lap, n-eluT>, .1. coocal na achgaCata amac lap tega etui in
Veceman coicheT>a mn'otigi'D T>on bit>buf6. Comnaecn tap, coxut, .1.
.. ^i ^ a caDa 'V vc cae cm mann gen bia ipm T>puinvpp.i Tiap no ip in itibacnaca

mp. coxal a gab'ata. Papc lap, coirn_2,ec1), .1. papc na acjab'ata -oo
V bpeic tap, na cab'aip,c a cae cen mant) cm bia. CCup.nait)e oti^i'D, .1.
tap, mbec T>on pecemam i n-upnairo co -otijcec a n-apup tap. tnbpec a
paipc, .1. uptiai m nee 7)le5up, ann -oap, a cen-o, gelta ocup aip-gi ip in
n-ap,up -otijcec. Co cuingelniu cotp., .1 cupjna coma cp,ebuipe
, TJI -DO p,ep, coip, r>o naT>munnaib ocup TJO nttpcuipib, .1. m mop.-
1n n-inbat-o otij, [.1.] ip na mbuiti oca T>O peip

I 'T.i.'

^'A e "A

Ocup ap, mT) hi, .1. ogup ap, m ni ip cecap/6a ppeclvngvpcliep, uip,p,i
ann po on. TTlani gettcap. Tit, .1. muna cuccajx gealUcap, a cenn im
a puaptugaT). pogeilcaTi, .1. in m TJO bepap, ip in ni 05eilup in

1 Three kinds. See page 259, where they are enumerated.

SENCHUS MOK.

271

by which the distress is divided at taking distress, i.e. a person's own liability, and DISTRESS.
that of the three kiruls 1 of kinsmen. And four kinds of distress, i.e. the four
' seds,' i.e. a ' sed' of one clay, a ' sed' of three days, a ' sed' of five days, and a ' sed'
often days. Upon man, i.e, a man, himself, is taken in distress when he has got
nothing else. Upon land, i.e. land is taken in distress. Upon live chattels,
i.e. the cattle which he has, are taken in distress.

The half of every distress is the fine for taking it unlawfully, as far
as ten cows to a church, but 'etuim,' (i.e. the fine) does not exceed five
cows to the laity, even for a case that would incur twenty-seven
'cumhals,' If it has been taken without notice, without fasting,- it
shall be regulated by the law, which says : " In every man-trespass
which incurs a ' cuuihal,' five 'seds' is the 'smacht'-fine for violat-
mg the law." But if after notice and fasting, five 'seds,' which
amount to two cows, are the fine for the illegal taking of every dis-
tress up to four cows; and though it should be more, the fine shall
not exceed this, i.e. two cows. If the distress taken before notice
and fasting be less than four cows, there is one-half of it charged
for illegality, for it is no wonder that this should be given for taking
it without notice, without fasting. If it be after notice and fast-
ing, the fine shall be Jive 'seds;' or rather five 'seds' are the penalty
for the unlawful taking of distress after notice and fasting, be it
large or small, for it is not more wonderful that it should be given
for the small than taken for the large.

And because there are four things for which distress is taken,
crime, &c., i.e. because there are four classes of things for which the quick or law-
ful distress is taken. Distress for crime, i.e. of the person himself alone. For
participation in deed, i.e. along with another person. ' Eric'-f ine, i.e. 'dire'-
fine, i.e. restitution.

And because there are four things that perfect the distress
afterwards, i.e. and because there are four things which afterwards complete
the distress which is taken for these things. Carrying off after evasion, i.e.
carrying off the distress after the unlawful evading of the plaintiff by the defen-
dant. Securing after carrying of f, i.e. bringing it along the road without
fodder or food into a cow-shed or paddock after carrying off the distress. Notice
after securing, i.e. to give notice of the distress after having brought it along
the road without fodder or food. Lawful waiting, i.e. the plaintiff having law-
fully waited at the residence of the defendant after having given the notice, i.e. he
waits to get the thing to which he is entitled, in this case, for the distress, i.e. pledges
and securities at the lawful residence. With the proper securities, i.e.
with the security which is due thereupon by right of surc-ti> ami -eon h act- uiaterg, '
i.e. the seven persons. In the proper .places, i.e. at the-pfcs which are fixed

by law-

And because there are four things, $c., i.e. and because four things

are targed-Tipon it here. Unless the pledge be given for it, i.e. unless
a pledge be given for it to redeem it Expenses of feeding, i.e. what is given

6*J*r.f>. it-.
f^

+> till- X-

an, 4WA / -/ <kdfi><toA t U> <b at* #Wli* -/
Co (rfu/i/nu*^ ( ^n/M^uW*/ .VII. A-

272 Senchuf TD^i.

DISTI-.KSS. etchgabail aniuich, .1. na meic. Ocuy inbleic, .1. m m T>o benxrn, non
luce um luaT> umpi, po aigne elanu no netii eitinti. "Oicim ocuy T>ilyi,
J it '. .1. in m TOTOtnuy a lobai) T>I .1. na cuic yeoic cec a lobafl TO, a]\ each

laiche naigmnca o ciucpa amiyin, lobca. Co nTntntaine, .1. Tiityi na

pern T>on pechemam coiche'oa, con, TOley rriame T>e 1.
Ocuy an,a mt> hi ay cechayvoa pn,iy ngaibchen, achgabait;
ocuy T>ti5eT>, .1. ocuy an, m m iy cecn.1 ei\nuite an, a ngeibten, m
5abatl aic no eg^oa, .1. oguy an, in m iy ceteojxa heixiiuile an, a naj;u)xc-
an, m cm im an, gabai) m gabait aic no ej-oa, pin, ocuy oligeT), 7|it. Coip,
/on-acchomain,c, .1. an, m ni iy amm Tjoib uile, .1. iy ley a piy in conain,
an, a n-aigeria m cm mi an, j;aba-6 in achjab'ail, in conain, puigilly iy
coin, n-accoinaip.c. "Du imbec con,ai pechemom -pn.1 accoman,c,
.1. T>U, baile no maT> mibiT) na vecetnam um in camgen a v'y coin, fie
a bn,ece f>o bn,eceriiam.

,

if Cm feet -po nefxa m conaip, fulfill t>o rabaific a|\ aiyiD itiifi if
na achjatiataib ann -po, uaip, nacfoa conaiyi pmgil?, tun cicrgcuji
DO gabail na arbjabala ? 1fe in*^at po T)eyxa, tiiaic lef m -pece-
nium coici a pif in conaiyi puigill afi a n-aigep-a m cm ima
n 5 ebaif> m

jo Ocuy ap,a UTD hi ay cechap,T>a conceichcaig yon, .1. o^uy an, in
ni iy cecan,T>a ima coiccennaiT)cen, ann yo acligabait T>O j;ab'ait, .1. yec
ctiicci no T>ecniaiT>e. Cin, in cm "Do m m mime buT>en.V 'Cobach, .1. in
cmbleogain iy neya [cm a mic ocuy a ui]. Saigi, .1. inembleogain me-

O'D. 118. oonach [.1. cmcompocuiyco a yeccT>ec]. Inabteogam, .1. m cmbteogam

O'U. 118. a ^iy yia, no an, .1. yec aine, ocuy cobac, .1. yec cjxeip.

Ocuy an,a in-o hi 1C ceceon,a ein,ca -DO cuiym, .1. ocuy an. m ni
1-7 1 f cec 60 ! 101 ejxca -Diycm-Dcep, no can,n,uyran, -06 yeoic each uayat coT>nai-6.

CCicgm, ocuy ^nfie, cain-gille, .1. m gell coiriinec n,etuy i\ey na
yecaib ona no ain,J,icci.

<>c Ocuy an,a m tc ceceon,a pn,imOT>tai fil po'T-f 111 ' 01 ^' - 1 - "T 1 1T1
ni TO ceceon,a piumpojlai put vo^T "' e S a hiyin. Lan ocuy lech, cn.1-
an ocuy cechn,aimchiu. Lan, .1. iy m cec yec. Lech, .1. iy in yec
canuiye. T;n,ian, .1. tym cn,eyifec. Cechn,aimchiu, .1. t>oyliT>cecn,uime
cu

tf . C '//<

jr Cefeafi-oa na aichgma, .1. aidipn a yeiltacc bifi no cmrhe ; lee
aichgm a neDgi boic, no meic, no ttina mngi ; q^1aT1 naichgma a
C 4 yillacc yecfvain a CI\UD coriiceya ; cetriutrnV^ac maifii: invunitefi

J;' a yteibiryui^, ytiit)ceyv; no cetfiuime cac oty \\o gab cuitech ; no

ft Ml ML Mf.

1 Srrenteen. This uuuib'jr lias rcfereiKC tu the divisions uf a Fine. t ulc U' L>.

; 7

SENCHUS MOR. 273

for that which the animal taken in distress consumes outside, i.e. the sacks of corn. DISTRESS.

And of tending, i.e. the thing which is given to the people for minding it,

.l.'CQrrljnjr .s it is a fJ""" *""' w t "'" h ""jj |'" nnnt.. Delay in pound

and forfeiture, i.e. tfao- loseoning of it by forfeiture, i.e. five 'seds' that are fe 1 ^ "fyu-ji
forfeited every natural day after the arrival of the time of forfeiture. Complete,
i.e. the forfeiture of the entire distress itself to the plaintiff, so that it becomes his
lawful property.

And because there are four things to be observed in the
taking of distress; truth, and law, (fc., i.e. because there are four con-
ditions necessary to the quick or lawful seizure, i.e. and because there are four
conditions upon which the debt is sued for which the quick and lawful seizure
is made, " truth and law," &c- The right of suing before a judge,
'a thchomharc' is a general name for them all, i.e. because it is a
general name for them all, i.e. it is by it is known the way in which the debt shall
be claimed for which the distress was taken, i.e. the path of judgment^ this is the
rightof suing before a judge. Where both parties have a right to appeal
to the judge for his decision, i.e. the place, town, or locality where the parties to the
suit are, about the contract from true knowledge to ask his sentence of the i

What is the reason that the path of judgment is brought forward
at all in the distresses here, when it is not by tbe path of judgment
people go to take the distress ? The reason is, because the plain-
tiff likes to know the path of judgment by which he should sue for
the debt for which he will take the distress.

And because there are four things for which it is levied, i.e.
and because there are four things for which it is customary to take di-tress, i.e.
a 'sed' of live days' stay or ten days' stay. Crime, 'Cin,' i.e. the crime which a
man himself has committed. 'Tobhach,' i.e. the crime of the nearest kinsman,
i.e. the liability of his son or his grandson. 'Saighi,' i.e. the crime o/"the middle
kinsman, i.e. the liability of a kinsman as far as seventeen. 1 Kinsman, i.e. the
farthest kinsman; or 'cin,'i>e. a 'sed' of one day's stay, and ' tobhacb,' h^. a 'sed'
of three days' stay.

And because there are four 'eric'-fincs, i.e- and because there are
four ' eric '-fines fixed or given for the ' seds' of every noble chieftain. Restitution,
and 'dire'-fine, 'tairgille,' &c., i.e, the interest which increases upon the
' seds' which are lent or borrowed.

And because there are four chief divisions made of them, i.e.
because there are four principal divisions made of each of these particular eric'-
Jines. Full and half, one-third and one-fourth. Full, i.e. for the
first ' sed.' Half, i.e. for the second ' sed.' n e - 1 h i r d, i.e. for the third ' sed.'
One-fourth, Le. participation in crime incurs one-fourth.

The restitutions are four-fold, i.e. restitution for looking on at
cattle on the brink of a. rivut or pit; half restitution for the criwe of
an idiot, or child, or madwoman ; one-third restitution for looking on
at the stray cattle of the neighbourhood; one-fourth for every cow d.
that is killed in a mountain : this is settled ; or one-fourth restitu-
tion for every deer which is talren in upit ; or it is one-fourth resti-

T

274 -Sencliup TTloji.

1*-&W* C&M' K.

DISTRKSS. -oono cecfitiinie aitine rofi m feji bif cesfcfuifv 05 mT>eicbifve
cofibait). hrfnivfA-; tL^/ma, TV*, ^tMj-<*v v^z/^ 0# //^

Cerafuoa inT>ifie : tan iroifie i fee afiabi feraib, tec r>ifie itia
- cdinifib', cfiiati T>ifie if in q\ef fet-;*oofti coqunme cubuf bfiarh.

in catiagitl : tn r\-w\u afi -01 tcnte T>ec, let T)ifii ctfi
fe laice, cyviaTi iroijfii afi ceicyxi taicib, ocuf cet^tntm T>ifii ap, cp.i

na enectainne: tan enectann to nee i n-aicliijv, tec
enectann ma oefibb'fiatefi achctfi, qaian n-einectamni ma mac
' r* e L no 1Tla 1Tl $in], cecfuitme enectamne 1 n-ua. I Cecajvoa na
wfV4, ** cetafitia co cecafa>a fop, gac ae a cecaififtict.

v C#/'f

',, , |Ocuf a-|\ ic ceceoyia pme, .1. an, in in if cetfii pmiT) camben,uf cm

in caic if coibnefatn T>oib a buna. Setb pun acafiija, -1. pne aclian,
agafeatbaT). -Setb placlja, .1. a plate 050 felbu. Setb ecatfa, -1.
tad /fegluif 050 f etbij. Setb maicnn,ai, .1. pine niachan, aja felBaT). Mo

f etb alcfiama, .1. m ci -DO m in alcn.am aga felb'aT). Uo bi co com-
n,aicec, .1. fio bi uatn, a comn,aiciT> na fetba fin uile pon, aon -ouine, .1. in
mbai-6 if mac un,n.aT>. 1mbec a 7>i no a ciii, .1. fio bi uain, a mbi a 7)6
7>ib aga felbcro, .1. pma aclian. ocuf pme macliayi. Mo a c)xi, .1. pine
J D achan, ocuf niachan, ocuf a plaift. Mo nachae aenan,, .1. m ecluif an,
1 nt>ut a naiticyu, uain. 7)0 cegma oume -oo bee j;an plaic, ocuf nocu
cesma a bee gan eslutf.

(b'fa l)lC} Ocuf an.ainm -DO naiixgella each, .1. an. in nijairiacaburvcan,5eall

coifu-onec ca|\ cenn a ceciia-o. CC coin, comaccefla, .1. n,o comiller> m

2 ;Tcrtacniif comuii) v>o n.ein, coin,- Pn,if na ceictin.1 comaitchm, .1.

. -rti , . ^ T 11 fnacecn,a connchis ar> comnefa TJO pii\ bif tnme. pn,i 'oa caeb, .1. in

pa-oa. Pn,i -oa nain.cinT>, i. in gaiixro.

Ocuf an,a ic cecheon-a un,n.achaf, .1. ocuf an. m m ro ceceon,a
fiaitif Difcnrocen, no canriufcaix. .tliri^actiuf byvata cai, .1. a cm a

. fn, OUUATaAvJi (XMd, 3 " bl^emacc Cat Cambn-ecaiT) unjuif,!.!. if pain, an,acuf a cm if m fiiagtnl.
Un,n,aT)af cain.'oi, .1. if pain, an-oreuf a cm na pogta t>o worhen, if m
cain,t)e. CCun,n,aT>uf pn.1 neimciu, [-1.J fiuitilef cobac caca befcna
Dib fo, ocuf coibgicen, T>O cac ajxac -oib po lee m cat- befcna. Ocuf an,a
ic ceceoyia an,ag pfii cobngiceyi na ceitn,i aun,i\aT)Uf, .1. -01 fc-
[TnTOcen, no can,n,Ufcai\, - 1 - na ceicn,i uiaii[at]uif ifo. CCic1i,sub'ail pn,i
On-aca Cai, .1. adigaoait T>O gabup um m m -ole^un, a nibfiecemnacc
Cai Cambfieeai^ in^ixif. "guill pfti Cain, .1. a cobac T>O giatt in ni
am. CCi"cYn,"e pi\i Cain,T>T>i, .1. a cobac -oa aiT>in,i in

SKNCIIUS MOR.

tution upon every man who is with fotw- persons at a work of a DISTRESS.
beneficial character, though ""i^fHy done. "

The ' dire'-fine is four-fold : full ' dire'-fine for the best ' seds,'
half 'dire'-fine for the next to them, one-third of 'dire'-fine in tbe
third 'sed ;' participation in crime incurs one-fourth.

The ' tairgille' is four-fold : full ' dire'-fine in twelve days, half
' dire'-fine in six days, one-third ' dire'-fine in four days, one-fourth
' dire'-fine in three days.

The honor-price is four-fold : full honor-price is due to one for
his father, half honor-price for his father's brother, one-third honor-
price for his son or his daughter, one-fourth honor-price for Lis
grandson. Four times four multiplied by four is upon each of them
in 'cethairslicht.' '{J-t'^i

And because the four nearest tribes, &c, i.e. because it is four tribes
that sustain tbe liabilities of every person that is related to them intimately. The
interest of the tribe of the father, i.e. the tribe of the father has an
interest in him. The interest of the chief, i.e. his chief has an interest
in him. The interest of a church, i.e. a church has an interest in him.
The interest of the tribe o/the mother, i.e. the tribe of the mother has
an interest in him. The interest of the foster-father, i.e. he who has
performed the fosterage has an interest in him. It may be that they all
may be in one, i.e. there is a time when all these interests may unite in one
person, i.e. when he is the son of a native. Or they may be in two or three,
i.e. there is a time two of them have an interest in him, i.e. the father's tribe and/
the mother's tribe. Or three, i.e. the father's tribe, and the mother's tribe, and
the chief. Or each of them separately, i.e. the church after his going on
a pilgrimage, for it may happen that a man may be without a chief, but it'cannot
happen that he is without a church.

And because every one gives pledges, i.e. because they give a
relieving pledge for then- cattle. In right of co-occupancy of land, -fa
t - tVjillny ; " mil"'"" is observed ai-f ordinir to justice. To the four neigh- ' ft Cfm*-

hours, i.e. to the four neighbours y^ hi"i_all ar^md. On the two sides,
i.e. the length. And two ends, i.e. the breadth.

And because there are four 'Urradhus'-laws, i.e. and because there
are four 'Urradhus'-laws recognised or ordered. The ' Urradhus'-law of
Brathchai, i.e. the liability is upon the surety according to the adjudication
of Cai Cainbhreathach, i.e. it is upon him the liability will pass according
tn this rule. The 'Urradhus'-law of in tcr territorial -law, i.e. it is
upon him the liability will go of the trespass which is committed against interterri-
torial law. The 'Urradhus'-law of persons of distinction, i.e. it is
lawful to distrain in each 'bescna' of these, and distress is taken from each surety
if them separately in each 'bescna.' And because there are four secu-
rities by which these four 'Urradhus'-laws are enforced, i.e.
they are made obligatory or enforced, i.e. these four Urradhus'-laws. Distress
as fixed by Brathchai, i.e. a distress which is taken for the thing which is due
accordingto the judgment of Cai Oainbhrcathach. A pledge in 'Cain'-law,
i.e. to distrain the hostage for what is due in Cain'-law. A hostage in

276 Senchur mop,

DISTRESS, <j caifvoe. ell pfii neirnctuu, .1. 5ellT>on &ctaif, ajx aca nenncyetiacuf
ni f>li5iuf. Ruit>lej- tobaig na mbeycna fin.

Ocuf afia ic ceceojia po7>la pit pop. gellaib, .v ay. m m if

cecn,i pollen pit pop, na gellib. tan gille, .1. piii nefam ia|i mbrieicem-

>{tlS 5 <&? Hv jiuf- ^ec 51 lie, .1. pp.1 netn [neyxim] tap, mbp,eicemnuf.

im nefam, ocuf a lee nn nemneyam.

iji O'D. 120. [Stnacc gilli ecinncec pp,i ^uigell cuifi ocuf cuntiujvta ecip, tni
j[ frl fftf- T "efum ocuf nac nefum, at) 1 Cam CID i n-uyijiariuf, ^if in ni
< * ioif nefuin ocuf nac nefom TJO gacvub ocuj- b^aT)uiB ocuf gonuib,

Till., co cecty nuripiijill, ocuf ftnacc gilt feccmuiT) fuituT) amn-
pTJe. Oeugille pfii ni nac nefum 1 cofi ocuf 1 cunnfiUT) lap.
nibfieiceiriTitif% ocuf larigille pp,i ni if nefum fiia nib|ieiceiimuf ,
ocuf cfimn gitle mp, tnbi\eitenintif j^i gaca ocof gona, yyvl., cm
n'a Cum, ciT> 1 n-Ufifiu'Dur, ace Cam CCT)amnain. Tynan gille |\ia
mbyieiceiiinuf inncifroe, ocuf lecjille iap,tim, ocuf laingille 6
oeofunt) ocuf o Tjinnba, niuncfb^erfiebuifie ; rjia inbe, if ^o-p, jne
51 Me caich aom.

11 f omufne pofefibuc, ocuf pp-1 each nefnm coifciT>e
, jij^ i-o lap, nibfieic, ocuf let 5ille yxia mbfieit, octif cynan pile pjxi f5U|i,

X cyxoif ce. Lee .pile pp,i mucca f ceo ^efcta lap, mbp,eic, ocuf c^mn

fiia mbjxeic, ocuf piiacc^ille cmnceca -DO

Ocuf na efinmle eile oilcena, .1. puigell gain, 7p,t., fmacc
ecmnceca -DO fjtip. rjioifcce, pnacc gille cmnceca jua
c, ocuf qruarfgille taji mbfiec, ecip,Cam ocf Ufip,tif)Uf , ace
Cam COoumnam, ocuf f niacifsille cmnceca octif qaian jille ocuf

Cach piigell cuifi ocuf cunnufvta, ona octif aicne ocuf
aip,licte, ocuf each m if nefum coifciT)i, muna be fop, T>iul ocuf
(/ . lj]^3vt- 1*' 3. f ena, if r^iarTjille <p]n f cuji c|ioifcce, ocuf lecgille fiia mbp,eic

ocuf lamgille mp, tnbfieit.

Cac 1:015611 cuiyi ocuf cunnufica, ocuf ona ocuy aicne ocuf
e, ocuf each ni if nefum coifcitie, ma mbe foji tnul ocuf

1 Law of AifiHiiiKiH. The 'Cain Adamnain' is I'nutaiii'-d amongst the Brehon
Law MSS., and has licen translated by Dr. O'Dmic.van. Tiife O'D, 3874-31IU5.

SESCJ1US MUR. 277

interterritorial-law, i.e. to distrain from the hostage what is due in the DISTRESS.

interterritorial-law. A pledge in the ease of dignitaries, i.e. a pledge to the

church, for what is due to it is sacred. Tt.ii lawful t.n distrain fnr t.hjm>- ' bescnas.'
And because there are four divisions made of pledges, i.e. because
four divisions are made of the pledges. Full pledge, i.e. for an article of neces- t^ CCF t. /,$
sity after judgment. Half pledge, i.e. fora thing which is not an article of neces-
sity after judgment. One-third pledge, i.e. in arbitration. Smacht-pledge,
i.e. a ' smacht '-pledge of seven days to stop fasting for an article of necessity, and
the half of it for an article not of necessity.

There is indefinite ' smacht '-pledge for the judgment of bargain
and contract, both in the case of the thing which is an article of
necessity, and that which is not an article of necessity, whether
in ' Cain '-law or in ' Urradhus '-law, as also in the ease of the thing
which is an article of necessity or not an article of necessity for
thefts, robberies, woundings, &c., until the passing of judgment, and
'smacht '-pledge of one-seventh therein. There is half pledge for
a thing which is not an article of necessity in a bargain and contract
after judgment, and full pledge for a thing which is an article of
necessity before judgment, and one-third pledge after judgment for
theft, wounding, <tc., whether in 'Cain'-lawor 'Urradhus '-law, except
the law of Adamnan. 1 One-third pledge before judgment" is in that
(the law of Adamnan), and half pledge afterwards, and full pledge
from a stranger and a pauper, unless he be without security should
he be so, it is after the manner of the pledge of every one else.

Full pledge for all rents that are due, and for every necessary of
life after judgment, and half pledge before judgment, and one-third
pledge for stepping fasting. Half pledge for pigs and barren animals
after judgment, and one-third before judgment, and definite 'smacht'-
pledge to stop fasting.

And the other cases in like manner, i.e. judgment of theft, <fec.
Indefinite ' smacht '-pledge to stop fasting, definite ' smacht '-pledge
before judgment, and one-third pledge after judgment, both in *C.Fp7t>.
' Cain '-law and ' Urradhus Maw, except the law of Adamnau. in (,)ff ^*
which definite ' smach't '-pledge and onf-third pledge and half pledge
are ordered to be given.

In every judgment of bargain and contract, of loan charge and
borrowing, and every thing which is a necessary of life, unless it be
uador aooortion and denial, there is one-third pledge to stop fasting,
and half pledge before judgment, and full pledge after judgment.

In every judgment of bargain and contract, loan and charge and
borrowing, and of every thing which is a necessary of life, should it
be trec_asfieriu>-ftftd denial, the seventh of ' smacht '-pledge is given

278 -Senchup 1Tl6fi.

HI/ if" Dl9TRES3 - f ena, if ftnace j;itte fecennnT> T>O rfcuji efxoif cee, ocuf rfuan gttle

^fj^iiftvi. T v1a nit>Tieic bfieiee, octif langttte lap. mbfieic bfieiee.

T" Cac piigell cuifi ocuf cimmifiea, ona ocuf aiene ocuf aifiticce,

ocuf cac ni if ranup nefuim eoifcit>i na bi fop, Tmtt na fena,
yif f mace 51 tie fecemuii) p\i jraencro cnoircre, ocur tfiian
p,ia mbirieic bi\eice, ociif tec

Cac pmjett cmyi ocnf cunnujvca, 6na ociif aicni ocof aifilicce,

ocjif cac ni if rainife nefum roifciTje, T)ia mbi poyx T>nit ocu^

pena, if fmacT: jitte ecitinceca T>a fjfieaputt nee p|ii puaftuccat)

covfcnje ocuf fmacc gitte, feccmtut) fiia mbfieic bfiette, ocuf

lai 1151 lie tap. nibble bp.ein.

bfiec migaca octif ruiioifijne ocf fafimjci, if famluit) if
firiacc 5itte ecniticecain T)a i^teputl -Dec fecraifuxia mbyieitem-
nuf, ocuf c-p,ian gttte bi eciia Cain

geatl bef aiyine mute a pech, ocuf poiclie -oe T>OTI
ocf ni bi poiiaiTn a taificc, if -oituf cin a ic ce bee tifiain aim.
"Oia inbe ponat'om a-caificc, if ic in ufiam bif ann, no if a let
DO ice.

TTla coniuyiT) ipfii pachaib', ce bee fonanom cm co be, if

ifle mtiie a fech, if ctnttet) ffiif cup, tib pu a piacha, ce
bee fonaiT>m cm co be.

TTla jeatt bef dijiTie inaie a f_ech, octif nmac foiche tie T>O
12.3 aifieee, ociif ni bi fot)ntiit)m aeaipc, if ice m tip,am bif ann. "Oia

mbe fonaiDm, a caific tute, .1. antnarm annul e fem, ociif a pec
cent).

TTIaT) comajvo ff.1 fiachaib, ocof ni bpuil f onaiT>in a eaificc, if a
euieim ma fiachuib. "Dm mbe f.onaiT>m a eaificc, if antnann
ammt e f.em, ociif a fee T>ia cmti.

TTla ifte indie a fee, ociif ni bi f.oxmui'om a eaific, if a T)itft
>ocuf etillet) fjuf cuyi ub pu a pacha. "Oia mbe fonamm a
eaipc, if anmunn amuil e fein inn, ocuf fech ma cinn.

^ TTIaT) amlmg -DO befaifi na gealla fo co naiei uma, no 6i|i, no
aiftgeae, no mam galufi bunuin nof be^va, if ice na pac.
TTIuna cmneefo mee pofifiUT), if lee a fuacheuna ma pachuib,
cuitlei) \if ma-o ecm.

1 Extern. -In transcript this is written ' vii,' a contraction for ' sect,' with a con-
traction Tor 'air ' both together making 'sectair,' extern.

SENCHUS MOR. 279

to stop fasting, and one-third pledge before passing judgment, and DISTRESS.
full pledge after passing judgment.

In every judgment of bargain and contract, of loan charge and
borrowing, and every thing that is next to a necessary of life, which
is not tfmlei 1 assertion and denial, one-seventh of ' smacht '-pledge is
given to stop fasting, and one-third pledge before the passing of judg-
ment, and half pledge after passing of judgment.

In every judgment of bargain and contract, loan charge and bor-
rowing, and every thing next the necessary of life, which is ne4er
assertion and denial, indefinite ' smacht '-pledge of twelve 'screpalls'
is given to stop fasting, and a seventh of ' smacht '-pledge before
passing judgment, and full pledge after the passing of judgment.

In judgments of theft and robbery and violation, there is given
uncertain ' smacht '-pledge of twelve 'screpalls' in the case of an
extern 1 territory before judgment, and one-third pledge both in
' Cain '-law and ' Urradhus '-law.

If it be a pledge that is higher than the debt, and the act of God
has overtaken it, and that there is no security for restoring it, it is
allowable not to pay for its excess. If there be security for restoring
it, the excess should be restored, or the half of it should be paid for.

If it (the pledge) be equal to the debt, whether there be security
or not, it ia right -to fmy for it. d (t tr^U**

If it be lower than its debt, an addition should be made to it
until it is equivalent to the debt, whether there be security or not.

If it be a pledge that is higher than the debt, and that it is not
the act of God that has overtaken it, and that there is no security for
restoring it, the excess is to be paid for. If there be security, the
whole is to be restored, i.e. a thing-like itself, and the Cues fur it
besides. etJs4> wt -nhiwf" ^

If it be equal to the debt, and that there is no security for the
restoration of it, it is forfeited for the debt. If there be security for
restoring it, a thing like itself is to be given, and the finea bcaidca.

If it be lower than the debt, and that there is no security for the
restoration of it, it is forfeited, and it is to be added to until it is
equivalent to the debt. If there be security for restoring it, a-tbiag.
like itself is to be given in place of it, and finco booidos.

If these pledges be given ailing with articles of copper, or of gold,
or silver, or if an ofahdisease carry them off, the debts are to be paid.

If it wetfe-oe^ftgracd Uial_Uie-artkks-areJaJ)_gi.vt;n Avilir-ttrem,
half the injury to them will go against the debt, and an addition is
to be made to it if necessary.

280 Senchur Hlon.

5^7 "O ia cmneufi cm aiei fofifiui), if a pac i>ia cmn, ocuf a naipcc

cit> ic olcca.

"Oia cmnenifi cm fomifiini na ngeall fo, ocuf r>ia n7>encufi a
foimfinn, cuic feoiT> no T>ec pnn. ,

^TTluna cmneiufi cm "foinifimT", if lee cuic feoie no -oech feoic
ic pn.

"Dm comuiiileccufi T)on d nof beiyv 1 |?oimiaim, if ftun T>O mtinub

^oyicfitnj rjniriia. "Omni ^yxqitug ngnima no befuifi ^ofi|iti'D, if

a riiinm ma pmchmb', muti cotna^r>. ITlunub comufiT), if anitnl

y>. ,<>I\Q fiaijfiutn. 11o TITIO a rfii ciiocui\, .1. -oilfi m fee, mam luja

C. 2692. ina pach p)iTny\iTiie in gill, no wlp [mpo|iba|ica] colta, no

II f\!ift 7o^i TTlat) geall T>O befiufi p^,i pacuib, ocuf bi"6 lof fofi in pach,

Dia nibe fonuiT>ni m luif if a ice. Cm cu be fonui-om 7>no, T>ia

/rnibe aieiciuf) a ice m cac cfiac actificufi, if lee m luif T>O ic.

TTIuna be fonumm no aieieiut), ni biccufi ace colunn ndnia;

rcnpuc m jjill, citi geall luif ; ocuf cia no ce-jina -DO nac

cm ni T>on lof nac T>O cefina tifajbail. CIT> be t>ib nono <

irQ:ofibuific, if a pacba cuna mfofibuifie T>O. TDuna >

jpeeifi, if aiugm nania.]

C. 2tt)3. [TTlafa gatafi buna cmnei \ie fie n-tubaili, a majie TIO bmba,
ocuf a fee t>o fecam eoie1nT).

TTlaf jalufi connrabajveach rniofifio |\e fie ti-mbaite, lee a
niatfee T)O biuba, ocuf lee a fiac TIO fecam eoiehiD.
if Ulaf ia|i fie n-orcma fio gaeai) an jell, oifie ocuf eneclann -oon
fecain eoiebiT> ann, ocuf noca n-titl m non biuba.

Ocuf maf fie fie T>iema fio gaear) an geall, eneclann T)on
fecam eoichii> ann, ocuf T)ifie ocuf eneclann T>on biuba.

Slati ngitt, .1- -Diet ngcrcan. an gealt on pfi TOO cabajicap, ci-o Ian
^o gill*, yyvt-, if VT^f iccafi -oifie ocuf eneclann 111-0, afi if laif co cuccap. a
pacha -oia cinn.]

I < - )ccu r a T x 111T)1 lc c 61 ^! 1 ! 11 fiecnca |io rriefyiaigfec, .1. ocuf an.
m 111 if na cetfie T>i|iiacaiT) fo fio mefetnnaiT) a mbjieremacc. Reclir
aicneo, .1. oiiuacai n.o bui 05 CC'oam. Rectic pecajxluig, .1. if i m

SENCHUS MOR. 281

If it were agreed that tb-Mticlea.ar set-to be given along, gith. DISTRESS.
them, the debt is to be paid for them, and they are to be restored
though damaged.

If it be settled that these pledges are not to be used, and if they
be used, there shall be five ' seds ' or ten 'seds' for it.

If there be no agreement respecting the non-use of them, there
shall be five half 'seds' or ten half 'seds '/or using them in such
uncertainty.

If the person who receives them is wlrised to use them, he is safe n^
in doing so, unless the work has been excessive. If they have been
overworked, they shall go for the debt, if they are equal to it. If
they are not equivalent to the debt, it shall be as we have said. Or
three things are the lenient penalty, i.e. forfeiture of the debt, if it
be less than the value of the use of the pledge, or forfeiture of the
increase of the body, or double the work.

If a pledge be given for debts, and that the animal given in pledge
has young, if there be security for the increase, it must be paid.
Though there should be no security, if there be acknowledgment of
the payment every time that the claim is made, half the increase
shall be paid. If there be neither security nor acknowledgment,
nothing shall be paid but the pledge itself only ; and the pledge is
to be restored, though it be a pledge having increase ; and if it
should recover from any disease, none of the young which survive
are to be loft behind. But whoever of them stipulates for the increase,
he shall have the debts with the increase. If there be no stipulation
at all, it shall be restitution only.

If it be certainly an old disease that has destroyed the animal
within the stipulated period, its beef is given to the defendant, and
the debt to the plaintiff.

But if it be a doubtful disease within the stipulated period, half
the beef is given to the defendant, and half the debt to the plaintiff.

If after the stipulated period the pledge be stolen, the plaintiff shall
have ' dire'-fine and honor-price,and the defendant shall have nothing.

And if it be during the stipulated period the pledge has been
stolen, the plaintiff shall have honor-price, and the defendant shall
have ' dire '-fine and honor-price.

Safety of pledge, i.e. if the pledge be stolen from the man to whom it is
given, whether it be full pledge, &c., it is to him 'dire'-fine and honor-price
shall be paid for it, for it is his until the debt be paid for which it was given.

And because there arc four laws which arc trirujjlil tu bear, &c.
i.e. and because these four laws are remflniifd in judicature. The law of nature, Afort W^/
the rule which Adam had. The patriarchal law, i.e. this was the rule

i.e.

'

Senchur tlloji.

DISTRESS. - D , rxmca , ^ toppupcap a Paieip, CCcnmp -DO ma, r ,. [ftechc pai-oe, .1.
O'D. 124. 'f'T'] ftechc nu'Dpia'Dnaipe, .1. i r 1 m oipiaeai na pia-onairi o

-

O'D. 124.

Occup ap am if> cechapt>a co 110156 peche, .1. ap in tii tr> cecpi

4 CC F f M K. S'apnuile comlamr T>iapmcai na bpece, no comlanijchep, -oo peip T>ipmeat

nambpeeh. 1^ pnifi n-a|-raif>rori, .1. iy p^ titn confo u|-Da|i ayx
nac mbrveic bep,ap, aifi o buj> v'T^ b)\ec. Seatl pn'r 1 cimTisuT't '
aroiiai pa-oepn, no aroitve caomcechca n" COITX natcomai^c, .1. geall 1^
e ni cimaiixschen, i\e r m m cuiyier nech uaro a cunn|iu ap. cjvebuiTii co
;0coi|i o beluib, 1. gell pjit piacliaib ctiifi ocuf cunna]vra. Comic tarx
J] taiftmcecc, .1. lu no clece, .1. roc co comui-oe in nech Tjleguiv 1^ iti
ia|i. Ec^fnwwwaclic.] n-imrecc_ tj- cgu T>O oenum, um in cmaT).

" na TOiuoxai Cana, no

,-^w

ilihrf

'"T 1 tla

111
' '""' ' Cee ' " 1 ""' 18 cfi r a Tieimnisclieia a cmca pn, no

O'D. 125. if na cmcaib fin. eigum [-1. ati comriaice], .1. a I an pia,'-.
O'D. 125. [' ayvcoTiba], .1. aftainci. CCnvif [' P- anpoc], .1. lecptach.
O'D. 125. [' a^ eayba], .1. 111 aichgiti. CCcc 111 etcge 1^ por> po-oal, .1. aca ace
l * irn aritl ac ln eTO ^ aichgina, 1^ po* po-6at in ni pn apatip,a in Ian ip
mo ' tl T Po^eslait) fon. Uop coifciT), .1. a r -tomci. ftob elguiti,
_, .1. a Um piach.

*"' * Occuy ayv m ni n-obutip, cecp,e U1T>1 yio bacuf, pon.

T 1 ln

in achgabail mia

O'D. 125. utabun.ca ae pog^a apu >DO lien, -olisi [eg ap.fancaib o rm niacaij].
S e nCnio bi cup,buiT>, .1. gem mo ca timn_cup,buiT> [.i. j;*iTi] oo bet

O'D. 125. an. m pecnemum. Occur [puirvciu Tjal .i.'-ptoj 11:111], ocf in T>aiteile
poyxef e alec acobap, a geill aja pua|-Uis; iKCip, t>a p,oib ni T)ib pin <u)\,
nocTia naga apa, ocup noca geibrep, achgabail T>e.

JoOccu-p a iv m ni p.o bui cecep.-plicc a V'5Tia i>o achagbatt,
.1. ocf ap. in ni p,o bui ceic-p,! puitlecca, no cerjie aipne-pi, no cecp.i gne tf
mai pogp.a apca 7)011 achgabatl. Occiip ba aon gacti achj;ab((if,
.1. ocuf ba ana name no bi pop, gac achjabatl, no im in ni no ^ebca
oxTigaSdit T>O neoc, .1. a an pern. CCp, 111 puitgenT) nech cm
yajvaile, .1. noc nimpuilgmn nee cma nech eile ip m amrpip. pn, ace
acmapoTjen, .1. nap.fanca. Ocuy^a puil poi\ aom, .1. 05 nine a
ouatguf anca. ba am pop, upogpa, .1. acupam a T>ual5Uf apaiti.
CC puil pop cp-ei-pi, .1. 05 mne a -otiatsuf anca. ba cpefe pop
up,05p,a, .1. acapom a -oualguf apaiT). CCcup a puil pop cuicci,
4.i. 05 mne a -oualsuf anca. ba cuicce pp,i tipogpa, .1. acafam a
oualgur apa. Ocup a ptnl pop, -oecmaiT), .1. 05 mne a -oualgup
anca. ba t>ecmu pop, upogpa, .1. a T>ual5up apai.

&cip cianu cpich, .1. bee a epic eTiup cen ifpaitn a ana, .1. mimab

neapam caicme. Ocup coipciT), .1. muna coifci T>O e. Coibnep,

4vi- uaip ipiat) ana cotbnefa ace a cm pern. Ocup paiT>bpi, .1. munab

cmi ma |X)aT)bup. No cupba, .1. ma ma pabu 5011 abec. Conai:;-

epcpa-o peine cm each compo^uip, .1. po comcot^pprfrm nil peine

SENCHUS MOR. 283

which his Pater, his Father, spoke to Moses. Law of the prophets, i.e. Isaias, DISTHI SH.
4-c. The law of the New Testament, i.e. this is the rule of the testament
from the birth of Christ to the present day.

And because it is four things that perfect law, i.e. because there are
four things which fulfil the rule of judgment, or which are fulfilled according to
the rule of judgments. Proof by which judgment* is confirmed, i.e. I deem
it right that every sentence which is just be *$^J&^1&&4*4
is secured, i.e, flSjaSftuJflfldge, or a-p&lge iftiSiSuKn^fipt^B&ung -before- J 3
'), i.e. the pledge is the thing which is kept for what one gives

away in a contract on security properly made by word of mouth, i.e. a pledge for
debts of bargain and contract. Payment after transgression, i.e. small or
large, i.e. to pay -fully what is due for the crime after the trarggrocBioBr ' Uu m-
-tluavhl,' i.e. afk'i trnnrgrfjia^ J ~rrrr n---imthecht,' i.e. the crime. Making

reparation after violating the law, i.e. fulfilling the rule prescribed in
'Cain,' or 'Cairde,' or ' Urradhus,' after breaking it, i.e. after violating it.

And because there are four things by which these are regulated,

i.e. and because there are four things bv which these offences are regulated, or.

V-r*>YMt'~>lnA!rn ' ft? <*& ' tj. r*-r -2
whicu regulate in the ease of these offences. C#iu4*&ce, i.e. intentionally, i.e.

full fine for it. Intention, i.e. for>eK. excmptionforit. J^norance, i.e.
fttiaSin tuition, i.e. half fine for it. trw&l*l7Le?' / by wantonness, i.e.
restitution. Except the unlawfulness which is full trespass, i.e. I make
an exception here, the unlawfulness for which there is restitution, i.e. that is full
trespass for which full restoration is made besides the largest full fine. That
which is intention, i.e. exemption for it. Is cognizance, i.e. full fine.

And because there are four periods for notice, i.e. and because there
are four periods for giving notice of the distress according to law, among the.
ancients from the period of Sen Mac Aige. Besides exemption, i.e. besides
when the party has exemption, i.e. of disease. And hosting in a territory,
(' fuirthin-dal,') i.e. the other condition which relieves a person from giving bail or-
j1"ljp>; for if either of these things exist, he shall not be served with notice, nor
shall distress be taken from him.

And because there are four divisions of tke notice of the distress,
i.e. and because there are four subdivisions, or parts, or kinds of the warning or
notice of the distress. And every distress was of one day, i.e. and it is a
stay of one day that was upon every distress, or upon the thing which takes
distress from one, i.e. his own liability. For no one sustained the liability
of another, i.e. no one sustained the crimes of another in that time, but his own
crime, i.e. anciently. But that which has a stay of one day, i.e. with us
in respect of stay. Had one day's notice, i.e. with them in respect of notice.
That which has three days' stay, i.e. with us in respect of stay. Had
three days' notice, i.e. with them in respect of notice. That which has
five days' stay, i.e. with us in respect of stay. Had five days' notice, i.e-
with them in respect of notice. And that which has ten days' stay, i.e. with
us in respect of stay. Had ten days' notice, i.e. with them in respect of notice.

Remoteness of territory, i.e. to be in a distant territory prolongs the stay,

i.e. unless it be a thing necessary for immediate consumption. And d-ooirc, i.e.

it 1 neeessary to him. Relationship, i.e. for the stay on account of a

kinsman is longer than on a person's own account. And rich condition, i.e

I it be determined that he has the wealth of his rank. Or exemption, i.e.

should it happen not to exist. By which thcFeini charge the liability of

Senchur ^-

D.STKKSS. aniu cm 5 ac compeer FM ce.le. CCmuil bener a einic, .,. co.nr
oirve. T)iba, .1. cini*, -i.recocur mame.

>cur aca T>1 aeh 5 abail pi la peme, .1. r>a gabail aie no ei
abun ant,, .1- ajur i r T>a aeh 5 abail ml -DO ^ , P enechuir. CCchr'a
nlctni;cn& .1. a -Dual^r a ana but,en. CCchgabail inableo
guin, .1. a T)ual5ur inbleogatn.

Uo ainlichen anea von aehgabail, .,. aine, ocur cpeiri, ocu r
cuicci, ocur-oecma*, .1. TVO enaluai*i ancamroa pon in crchgabml men no
e S r,a. T)a napaf. ^o cmpti TJO each achgabail, .i.-oo apa -oo ram

'oni pe r a, no -DO cam na innifi, .1 apa an, cincac ocu r apa an inbleo 5 am.
Cen cuyiba, .1. 5 al UT x; uain, ni cab UT i a cn.ba, .1. 5 al nT i -DO bee an. in
Vechemam. ^en e^a-o, .1. lap-two; uain, -oa. funb m wB pn aiTV noca
na b apa ain, .1. gen eppav m apa ce 150 n.6 cup,ba. CCpa-o cuicce -DO
Vechetnum, .1. vop, in cincac S p,aiT> ^ine, .1. 5 an ni T lut>a na ap[a]

r cuicci arx cincac Bnai* peme. WpaT, oecmai'oe T>O peine, .1. r o|X m
pep, pne i r mbleogmtl -DO neooh i r 5 pat, peine. IDar. ach 5 aba,l
mableoKam, .1. ma mUeogam ^mr, peme ? abcri ann i n-achgabail,

; O'Xf i9, b~) ' r """ ^^ rt1 ' ''' m<1 5abml mt " e5 ' 6ot 5 abc T 1 ' ann im cm mableoram

Snai-opeme. [R]6 cechc r ccT, r om cecapflicc in tin.po 5T ia, .i fn.o

M ceccrouTifom p,eomumn cecni puillecca, no cecn,i aifnep*, no cecni

gnechi 1 n-ai pogua apa*, .1. cecni apa -oo bet aca. Ocu r ni no

eeccfat) imunn" anca, .1. itm>a. CCcc t)ichim naome nama, .1.

Dicem n-aome, ocu r ana name. 1ni no em claT) in ni rein lanu'm

.1. no clachlaro in ni pn ianum agmne, .1. an in anaT) acu. Cona^

i.'cecne anca, .1. aome, cneifi, cuicci, -Decmaf>. Ceichni oichtnan'n,

.1. Dicim cnep, ocur cuicci, ocur oecmai'oe, ocur aine -Dec. Ocur ^a

hapat., .1. apa* cmcait ocur apa* n-mbleojam, .1. cuicci ocur -Decmaf>

T)o peT> uova cac ar, .1.

CL* 1^. I ' 9 '

. ae po^na

apa an na pemaib na ach S aBail -oo gaBail T>ib, ocu r cunncabanic i

scn-olegun m cm no na peich ann rm. CCcc r im/ no can nvo 5 n cac
aon paonlegai*. .1. aea ace Imi aim ; noca no. m-ofigcen ai pogna apa
an in each ir paonligach 05 na bt apur baile (Aiunnai-6, .1. unpo 5 ancan
apaT,cuicci (.1. ni irm na apa* naici an in paonl1 5 ac), an m peicemam DO
nin T)li5iT) n' sabail aehgabala -oe maT)ia n-mnrai*cen ae po s n

j"apai* -DO bee ann, .1. pnegna -oa nemcannicem. "Diponair unnai, .1.
na per unnai*. Cuicci pni puno 5 n -olise, .1. apa-o cuicci ir 6m
yosrva apai* oca DO nein -Dt'S'* f\^ pecemam gnait- peme nm ngaoail
achsaoala T)e, .1. apa cuicci o sna* peme pon cincach sna* peme. m
no raran npo 5 ntt. i-ma'Oiaiimnrai*eenatpoj;nnapr(T,or. 1 r- 1 (i rJ

^^ain, ye* rm nesf '" Cocomu-ocach a rat ob' ni, .1. co camera
cac a ro a*bun n^f 1 " T 16 f 1 "' ' co cumcan a bee ma roa*bun; "i tieich

^na bi 0150 com uime -DO beyxca ne -oo ne wnna*. Pn' Seall, .1. )la
peicheman, .1. peidiemnur ci* e* i>lerca oe, .1. p,u olije*, .1. -DO oameam ;
no im atcne na conaine, Vn' bneic, .1. m bneceman. Pn

SENCHUS MOE. 285

each kinsman, i.e. by which the Feini at this day charge the liability of each Disriu .

Kinsman upon the other. In the same way as he obtained his 'eric'-fine,

i.e. his body-fine. Inheritance, i.e. his land, Le. his chattels and his goods.

And the distresses, that the Feine have are two, i.e. two quicker
lawful distresses are taken, i.e. it is two distresses that are taken according to the
Fenechus. Distress from the debtor i.e. on account of his own liability.
Distress from the kinsman, i.e. on a(vnnnt..af > kinsman. ifunM 'fi-asi ~&Jfts 0-3

Stays were ordained for distresses, i.e. one day, and three days, and
five days, and ten days, i.e. distinct stays were appointed for the quick or lawful
distresses. Two notices were appointed for every distress, i.e. two
notices iroro fiacdtrr-cfltafafHtcil , i.e. a notice upon the debtor, and a notice upon jj^. f(,
the kinsman. Without exemption, Le. disease; for it is not served during an fr M*.
exemption, Le. when the defendant has a disease. Without defect, i.e. without
' irrad;' for if he has either of these things, the notice shall not be served on >J
him, ( ! ?_fm_ if >">-l""i nvnmpt.inn it wnnlil rift iill-ta sprvp thp nntiaa). A
notice of five days to the defendant, Le. upon the debtor of the inferior
grades, i.e. not to serve a shorter notice than five days upon a debtor of the
inferior grades. A notice often days in the case of the inferior (;rnil r
i.e. upon the tribeman who is a kinsman to one of the inferior grade. If it be
distress en a&**rt-trf a kinsman, i.e. if it be a kinsman of the inferior grade
that is distrained, this is then the case, i.e. if it be a quick or lawful distress that is
taken for the liability of a kinsman of the inferior grades. They Vegali&ftd the
quadruple division of the notice, i.e. our predecessors legalized the four divi-
sions, four apcenjs^ or four kinds of the notice or warning, i.e. that they should have
four notices. But they did not Lo#a4+ze stays, i.e. many. Except a
delay in pound of one day only, Le. a delay in pound of one day, and a stay
of one day. This thing was, however, afterwards changed, i.e. this
thing was afterwards changed with us, i.e. for the stay with them. So that there
are four stays, i.e. one day, three days, five days, ten days. Four delays in
pound, i.e. a delay in pound of three days, of five days, of ten days, and eleven
And two notices, i.e. a notice on the debtor and a notice on his kins-
man, i.e. five days and ten days.

Notice precedes every distress, i.e. I deem it right thaOiotice should be
served on the inferior grades before distress be taken from them, and it is doubtful
whether it_ifri* a crime or a debt 3n this case. But no notice is served on

a wanderer, i.e. I make an exception here; no notice is served upon any wan-

- *tt ft.

derer who has not a fixed residence or place of abode, i.e. a notice of five days, f^, ^

(i.e. longer than the notice vfhirh fliftnlil havf hmi giv^n tff the wanderer), isserved 'tf-Ar Tf^t^d^f la M*J>
upon the defendant, according to law, before the taking of distress from him, if it
be right that notice should be given, i.e. to aaiirar for the non'jtppeafaBc^of him,
(i.e. the wanderer). Or one who has no fixed residence, Le. whose resi-
dence is not known. Five days legal notice, i.e. a notice of five days is the
proper notice, according to law, upon the defendant of the inferior grade, before
the taking of distress from him, i.e. a notice of five days from one of inferior grade
upon a debtor of inferior grade. If notice b>e served ateaJl, i.e. if it be proper tv n ** A*r t '
that notice be served on him, this shall be the time. That he may ha-v his
property in readiness, i.e. that each one may collect his substance during that
time, i.e. that it may be determined if he hag the wealth of his rank ; and time is
allowed him to seek the thing he has not. For a pledge, Le. of the defendant
if it be necessary for him to take defence ; i.e. for law, i.e. to yield it ; or respect-

TO 4MMA- co *Ucrf/M s> ftWMM' MNMv 1 ^ TUiMtt, H, t'w&Ms +*/

y

. / .

, 7

. *

286 -Senclitff TTlofi.

DISTRESS. .1. in aip,ecca, CIT> be T>ib ina T>ectiyMTD. p-p.1 com afcuy, o. com ^o IITOI|,
- .1. ici|i na pecetnnuib, .1. cetyiufi. Ppi cufia, .1. psib T>O i\onca na cui^
em (.1. ^vctt), .1. T>O ctttocTiLo ooib, no T>O innyaiT). CC|x 1 if ni fie
"a|i cuicci -pyn corns cum Tiigeii," .1. ap. 1^ aifxe pn
no aipietjchep, cuicci, .1. ma posi\a m peichetn coich f-p,i yxe
apaiT) ap in ctncac peclietn T>O cuingi, 111 7>le5u|\ yie eile flat congi ^ece-
tnan, .1. cuicci fppi i\e VOSIT-O ftpwo crca poyx na j;ixaT>ctib peme pn.1 conigi
cac cODnaiTicaiT) T>ib pn. 1^ 7>e |io ceT), .1. ifp ne i\o cana no jxo cine.
Wi paelai'p acngabait i\ia ctncci,'o. ni f,o ix>5-aiUivre -DO gab'ait
, acngabala -non 5Tiat> peme pe-piu -DO ben,ap, apa cuiccTain,, .1. 111 ixo gabaifi,
.1. m i\o tinge cu puiti. Rta cmcci, .1. a poip.cmn na cuicci. M i
VuaTMf ta poxul, .1. m f,o V ua *' DC<1 ni imma j;abait call la poxul
amach, .1. m p.o puacutg anall i, .1. co pofiu^f nach eile, .1. coc poyvu'p pen.
CCn,U|> T>e fio cen, .1. ajxtif T>e fu> canat) no p.o cinne. CC'pcipe'o ^
/j-puin,i|^ cac Tiiiyvainne am6ja, .1. a pop,ba apa, .1. if a|^caiT>ci -DO
olije'6 uin,n,i, ma T>a ngaba i co 7>li5tec, .1. if anT> -DO befian, nioga an, il "7v
n,amn na oechmai'De, a poyxbai) na cincci ; ocuf T>O cmcac

(

T>ecm u T>O peme piacnaij, .i-u

T) an, inbleo;;uin I biy T>pne, .1. ufipoj^uirichan, apa uecniaTOe pon,
pme in ptx pacViajx ann, a pp.ecnaix[c]ii'p purouin, an, na fio |"encan, m
capa. CC piat>ain pp,ecn aiicuy,*!. p,oin bic olige'6 umci an, T>ec-
maiT), no geban. achgab'ail in pi)i piaclian, ann a piatrtiatpe piarim.
Pp.ecnan,cu^, .1. apa T>ecmaiT>e pop. mbleogam gp-airi pene. CCp,uy
j5^>ecnmaT> pp-i fai-oiT), ocuy mbleojum, .1. an,u^> apa oecmai'oe
O'D. 128. mnpiTOcen, pop, in cac if m inbleosum, [an, 111] inn|xtiT)cliep, cm m caich
i|> coibnepim T>6 T>a pme.

Cincacti each pine ion, n-elori, .1. 1^ aim if cmcach m each
biy -oo pine, ion, lega elui-o m cmcai-6 pen, .1. lap, le^a etaiT) apa t>o pine.
3<,1an, napaT), .1. lap, cabaip,c apaT) ain, an, -ouy. lap, nun,poj;n,a, .1.

,.i.dt4 ion, na in, pup-osp-a T>on inbleogum. Ian. m'onuij nlijiT), .1. tan, mbec
DO pecemam coiche-oa 1 n-up.nait) co olijjec, .1. m cn,erre iap,T>aii> araicle.
i /f Jrb*tw*' vftJff

'

tdchceall each neiflif, .1- if T)pochciall non ri -DO ni ailp
elo T>O leca m ctncaii), .1. if -oiilech m each oo bein, ailfi um m lef, .1.

sjcmcach m each r>o beip. ailfeTi um m lef. Ptachac each pollu-6,
.1. acaic peich oja an, m each T>O p,mne m pollufi, .1. m cmbleojum.
lap. pif, .1. tan, pif T)O a olefDin t>e. lap, n-apat>, .1. ion, mbec a
pif 0151 apa no cabaipx aip.. lap, n-up,p05p,a -olije, .1. tap. pin, pogpa
apa aip, co -oligcech, .1. lap. mbe6 t>on pip, amuij a^__up.nc^in UPC T>lej;un,

i)oamluiT> pn, .1. com 1 in cpeip Ktp7)aiT). 'gen eon>T>e pp.i Titcheach,
.1. t;pn conToetb'ip-iuy 1 cun.baii) ain,, .1. CTO perm T>?.pprf>. -of, .1. Imp aon
pip, ciT> be T>lefcup. -oe. No piacha, .1. cit> pac<( T)lefcap, Tie. (fjiein,
caich befa p,iun,cha, .1. apcip. m caic [-oana haija in )xiapaf>, m

/n yfaS >^W^ "tiuJ?

fW itv ^ TU^ T*

*

>.
< r~ vwn, 7

sr.Ncnus MOR. 287

ing the knowledge of the path of judgment. For judgment, i.e. of the judge. DISTRESS.
For consultation, i.e. of the court, into whichever of them they go For -
adjustment, i.e. equal on both Aim, i.e. between the parties engaged in the
suit, i.e. four persons. For contracts, i.e. as they were made, i.e. the con-
tracts between themselves, i.e. to Set-thorn aeida for them, or to enforce them.
Hence was said, "five days for every sensible adult," i.e. the reason
that five days are set down or mentioned is i.e. if the plaintiff give notice according
to the time of notice that he will rue tlif defendant, no other period is lawful to

nlHjtw. ti

yj" ' /

the inferior grades for suing each of these sensible adults. Hence was said, i.e. ^*

it is of it was sntrr or \vas decided. "Thou shall not -**fcr- distress before
fire days," thou shall not attempt to take distress from one of the inferior grades,
before a notice of five days has been served on him, i.e. thou shall not take it, i.e.
thou shall not attempt to seize it. Before five days, i.e. the end of five days.
"Thou shall not carry il off by immediale distress," i.e. thou shalt
'/.e upon it to carry it out imitnuliirtrly, i.e. thou shalt not carry it out, i.e. to
the pound of a person other than the defendant, i.e. to thy own pound. Hence
was said, i.e. for of it was sawtor decided. "Debt is fastened upon it in
the middle of the time," i.e. at the end of the notice, i.e. thy right is fastened
upon it, if thou hast taken it lawfully, i.e. the time at which debt accumulate
upon it is the middle i.f the division of ten days, at the expiration of the five
days; and it is of the debtor himself distress is lakcn here.

A. notice of ten days is served upon the tribe of the debtor, i.e.
a notice of ten days is served upon a kinsman of the tribe, i.e. a notice of ten days
is ?<rved upon the tribe of the man who owes the debt, in the presence of witnesses,
in order that the notice may not be denied. In the presence ^pf. witnesses,
i.e. they Innn thu f-nejit -f Inr after ten days, or the distress ijraken from the *& #" A**"C
debtor in the presence of witnesses. Witnesses, i.e. a notice of ten days is ffal ffl
served on the kinsman of the inferior grades. For ten days are allowed
for suing, and the nearest kinsman, &c., i.e. for it is a notice of ten
days that is ,-erved upon every one who is a kinsman, and who is sued for the
liability of each nearest person to him of his tribe.

Every tribe is liable after the absconding, &c., i.e. every one who
is of his tribe is liable, after the debtor himself has absconded, i.e. after the ab-
sconding notice is served on the tribe. After notice, i.e. after nolice being
served on him at first. After warning, i.e. after due warning is given to the
kinsman. After lawful waiting, i.e. after the plaintiff has lawfully waited,
i.e. the three days' grace afterwards.

Every act of neglect is a fault, i.e. it is an evil act in him who neglects
his welfare by allowing the defaulter to evade, i.e. every one is a negligent
person who neglects his welfare, i.e. ever}' one who neglects his welfare is guiltv.
Every act of neglect is finable, i.e. there are full fines upon every one
who has committed an act of neglect, i.e. the kinsman. After knowledge,
i.e. after his knowing that it was due "f him. After notice, i.e. after his
knowing that notice was served on him. After warning of law, i.e. after
notice being served on him legally, i.e. after the plaintiff's having waited for the
thing which is due to him after thi.- manner, i.e. it is the three additional days.
Without competence to deny, i.e. without the right of exemption, i.e. though
he is entitled to deny that the debt is due of him, i.e. if he be required to deny it bv
the oath of one man. The debts, i.e. whatever debts may be due of him.
A. < i.rdiug to the decision of him whose office it is to settle them

288 -Senchur 111 on.

DISTRESS. brtecheih], no an.en, in cone if 057x1 t>o fiiccjuiT> arm, in pecliem coiche-oa.
O'D. 129. O e r a F-'aT^' 10 ' - 1 - bfiecem, ip e [fiiariup no] fiiastup [caca] coip,.l
Cach coin, ^p,i nnpenuT), .1. CIT> eriifena otepcan, t>e -DO fvep, c6in,.S|<

/ '. Ctpne a crti inima tfienaiget) an, each acligabdit inableo-

j guin, .1. comcnfvcim ca-o me na cyvi arinuite emciaetiuigctien, -oon each ij*

mbteogum imma achgabait a^x a cuinngichefi m 111 oca T>lij;!T>, cm in

cmcai-6 ocuy -con n-mbleogam, ayxuy mnjiuic m cac iy> inbleojum, .1. ap,

apa a nentini T>O pne.

'Cain, p a f c i pop.u^, .1. a vfc TJO bn.eic, .1. T>on cp.e^ bn,ec)nn., .1. a
jo cabaific a poT lu T' ' 1triCtlT1 amacli, r>ona pecc ^Ofipb, .1. c-rim-p, T>O cec)i|i,
.1. m ce]\cimain. Co coigiliib cecnca, .1. gup na cunia

oiegun, CU151 730 naT>munT>aib ocuf> no

Co coxtui-ochejx, .1. cmnuy 1 T>O nicheyi a coxal aniach, .1. ctin, ab

r.n -n. yrt/f. ciimn, -DO cec^un- Co conrDr6h e fi, .1. cinnuf -DO beyiari ai cjfce gen

(^ > (f rnann, gen bia, .1. gu-ri ab manroen, T>li5cec a cuccan, ai. Co pa-pc/T>ce|i,

2j-\ .1. cmT>u^ ben,a|\ a pa-pc, .1. guri ab pap; prucyticc, no gun. ab pay^c m c^xer-

. ,.IA t ., I !fa 3.<jO-\)j bn.ethiji. Co autinai-oceTi, .1. cinnup becari m

/ ^'P" l ~' [CC poxtu cniaun T>O cecnuix, .1. poxttnc in cnian matt hi 7>o cum
i r -*fMtvf CwM>U*t4, 7 ti r i4U' . . ,

La in cecyiuin, amac,.i. 1 mTinuigi bif in cecrtun, ocuf>m cfiian, oo caouific na

M Off If Ij ,. acgabata, .1. |?ean, cain-sitte (.1. aijne) pia-ou,

1f iac in cetfiuyi, pcroa, ocuf peciurii, ocuf TIUITJITJ, octif enyie,
' tidinaT) log ennuch, ayx a cinn ic fO|iuf m fecheniun roictie'oa.

.1. TJocha nean T>on y:echeiTiuin coichetia neac niayx aoen |ii^ ag
5aBuilat5abalacinctii5,muf eolno bui)eiTi agabait; ocuf a byxeic
fie foyuif fein uite a cecoifi CIT> bee cm m6|i m acjabail, ocuy
a bee ann |\e j\e oicma ocuf fie fie lobta cu ni>ec alobut) uile :

ccg coxul cofifiuiiii ngle ;
pefi caifigille fiatia f:eidiiuih ;
picroa feciurii fenm cofe,
'Call naiT>rn ocuf en fie.

05 coxul na Viacjabala mall, .1. pecherh coichef>a, ocuf
O'D. C17. aigne coxuil, ocuf patntiifi namcrD tojeimuc; [ocuf cefcfiafi aca
bufinuitie a fx>fiup in -pecheman coictieTia, atgne raffia, pa'onaife
of V Diatnbii) V>5einec], ocuf nafcuifie, ocvif ecif\i ; no cunicro afi m

conutfi amuij fio bee m ceqitifi aca hufinuigi. Log emiuc T>on
<&>*< ^'* acgabail TIO bfieic fie afiuf UT)ein TK)jn pechetiium roiclieDa, ocu]'
d^- " ini acaefj-log emech ann if a bfieit fie paidie -oon f-ecc f?aichib ;
ocuf m ^eqiufi fio bui acu hujinuije call DO uut aniach cu fiabuc

v"' ^

SENCHUS MOE. 289

i.e. according to him for whom it is lawful to decide respecting them, i.e. the DISTRESS.

Brehon, or according to him whom it is lawful to settle with, i.e. the plaintiff. To

settle them, i.e. the Brehon, it is he that settles or regulates every question o!
right. Every one has a right to deny, i.e. to deny the debt off him,
according to ju-r

What are the three things by which the distress from the kins-
man is made three-fold? i.e. I ask, w-hat are the three kinds of things that
render the distress thrnfi Mr! respecting him who is a kinsman, by which is sought
that which is lawful, i.e. the liability of the debtor is due of the kinsman, for every
one who is a kinsman is worthy, i.e. to serve notice on the tribe. ( . jjfa j

Driving, notice, pound, i.e. t*> bring notice of it, i.e. by the third word, i.e.

to bring it into a pound, i.e. to drive it out, i.e. to one of the seven pounds, i.e. , v .

three driving it out to four, i.e. the proper driving. With lawful pledges, i.e. w* ? ,
with the proper securities which are required for it of sureties and contnu-t-liindcrs. "ff&'V Ufflbl '

How is it carried off? i.e. how is it driven out? i.e. three drive it out to
fourpersons. How is it kept? i.e. how is it brought out without fodder, without
food? i.e. it is into a lawful pound it is brought. How is notice given re-
spec '. i n g i t? i.e. how is the notice brought? i.e. it is a notice by the track of the
cattle, or a notice of the third word. How is it sought back? i.e. how is the
^iinntdh' n< the distress of the kinsman Uraaght ? By worthiness.

Three carry it out to four persons, i.e. three persons carry it to
the four persons who are outside, i.e. the four are awaiting it, and the three
persons carry the distress out, i.e. a pledgeman (that is an advocate), a witness, a C-t.Tf \Z^- 5"
plaintiff.

The four persons are, a witness, a plaintiff, a surety, and a
hostage, i.e. who has honor-price, awaiting it at the pound of the Vf-JL '' 7
plaintiff, i.e. the plaintiff is not obliged to have any one with him at
the taking of the distress from a debtor, if he himself knows how
to take it ; and he may bring it to his own pound at once, whether
the distress be great or small, and keep it there during the period
of delay in pound, and during the period of forfeiture, until it be-
come all forfeited.

Three carrying off, a-tote-rcckening, UUM CvMM

A pledgeman, a witness, a plaintiff;

A witness, a law-agent, effectual plan,

With surety and hostage.

Three are at the carrying off of the distress, i.e. a plaintiff, a dis-
training advocate, and a witness who has honor-price ; and four
awaiting it at the pound of the plaintiff, a pleading advocate, a
witness who has honor-price, a contract-binder, and a hoetagc ; or
these four persons may be on the road outside awaiting it. The
plaintiff may bring a portion of the distress equal to his own honor-
price to his own pound, and so much of it as exceeds the value of his
honor-price is to be brought to one of the seven greens; and the
four persons who were awaiting it within, go forth to meet it at one

u

290 -Sencliiip TYloji.

DISTRESS. a p, a clrnl a pofiuf DO na feet fojifuib, ocuf m tfiiafi fio bui aca

DO fiith fiia, uaifi biat> DI buacmll oca conheD, co amifi ji lobta fin ;
ocuf o tiucfiuf ainifiufi lobta, if log cuic fee DO Dtil alobuD aft
fcac laithe aicenta.

Commofi a lobaD 1 muig ocuf tall ann fin; no cumcro he

,, lrl ^ emiuc amain af, ti'if no DechfaD a lobaD, no cu fioifeD

i.J ^ Wt-ir a cine feoit Deigmuch, ocuflno foifeD, if a mb^iet fie fofuif

Donu feet fofiftnb cujinb ann lulntf. Ocuf muna mo m atsabail

, ma log emnic in feceamim toicheDa, if a bfieit Don fecheamam

toicheDa fte fojuif buDein, ocuf abet ann cu a aimfip, lobta, .1.

ocuf o DO fioDa aimfiuji lobta, mufa mo inait cuic feoit, ocuf

mo m log eimuch mdit cuic feoit, if cuic feoit DO Dul 1 lobaD

Don athsabail ayi each laite naicenta, cu fioifitna cuic feoit De-

isgmucha; ocuf a tnbfieit \ie fo^iuf DO na feet

Cm cuic feoic bef ann, no citi Itiga; CIT> moa, if a log emiucb
butiem no bfieic Don fechemum coichetia fie fOfiUf buiiem tub,
ocuf a mbia taifiif T>O bfieic tie f ofitif Don feet f op.f uib. Ocuf af
aji achgabail inbleogum aca m ajiaDa fin.

io Ocuf if arnluiT) gabup, ma acgabala fo; cucyiumuf na hatgina
cuna Diablut) DO gabail i naoen argabatl DO cmcuch ; ocuf noch
5abu\i arsabaillnn na CUIG fectnli na nn in eneclunD, cu cucxuft
a coiclie-6 ocuf cu |io gabuyi argabail De a fame uaifie. Cuc-
fimur a hajgabala DO jabail i naoen ac^abail DO inbleosum,
oct T 1 f ep'oe if uileacui^_Do cmcae; ocuf m DiabluD full uati a
lecfin eluiDe, gabail arhgabala De a fain uaifie cen a coicheD;
ocuf na cuic feme ocuf in emeaclumn fuil uaDa a lecfin eluiDe,
nochu gab'uft acgabail DC lumpa cen a coicheD.

"Do foxlu cynauft DO ceifaifi, .1. aiiatll; if amluiD gabcun,
mbleogum. moififeifiuft DO beic ctja gabail; cfiiafi
coxuil, .1. paDmnfi Dama log emiuc, ocuf fechi-um coicheDa, ocuf
aigne roxuil; ocuf aigne fiiifninnle imuig ocuf fia-onuifi DamaD
log emiuc, ocuf nafcuifie DamaD log eimuch, ocuf fiaic Damai)
log emiuch. Ocuf if ann bit m ceciiuft amuig afi claD feftumn
%>'mbiuDbuiD, ocuf m ceqitifi 11111115 acu hufinuige. Ocuf mafa mo
m adigabail inu log eimuch ui f.et1ieiiiun coicheDa, letemiuch m

SEKCHUS MOB. 291

of the seven pounds, and the three persons who had driven it out, DISTRESS.
are they who give notice of it to tJie defendant, and the wages of
two men to tend it shall accumulate upon it, for two herdsmen
shall attend it, that is, till the time of forfeiture ; and when the
time of forfeiture has arrived, the value of five ' seds ' of it shall be-
come forfeited every natural day.

The forfeitures withiu and without are equally great in this case;
or it is the honor-price only that becomes forfeited first, until it
reaches the five last ' seds,' and when it reaches these, they are to be
brought into one of the seven pounds, where they become forfeited.
And if the distress is not of greater value than the honor-price of
the plaintiff, the plaintiff is to bring it to his own house, and keep it
there until the time of forfeiture arrives, i.e. after the time of for-
feiture arrived, if it (the distress) be greater than five ' seds,' and the
honor-price greater than five 'seds,' then five 'seds' shall become
forfeited of the distress every natural day, until it reaches the five
last ' seds ;' and these are to be brought into one of the seven pounds.

Whether it be exactly five 'seds' or less ; if more, the plaintiff is
to carry the value of his own honor-price out of them to his own
pound, and what remains over and above is to be brought to one of
the seven pounds. It is upon the distress from a kinsman these
rpfltrirtiftflM are.

And this is the way in which these distresses are taken ; the
equivalent of the restitution, with its double, is to be seized in one
distress from the debtor; but no distress is taken for the five 'seds'
or for the honor-price, unless he has been sued and distrained at
different times. The equivalent of the restitution is to be taken in
one distress from the kinsman, and this is the full amount from tho
debtor ; and for the double which is due of him for absconding, he
is to be distrained at a different time without his being sued ; but
for the five ' seds,' and the honor-price due of him for absconding,
he is not to be distrained without having been sued.

Three carry it out to four, i.e. this is another version; the manner
in which the distress from the kinsman is taken. Seven persons are
engaged in the taking of it ; three for carrying it off, i.e. a witness
who has honor-price, the plaintiff, and a distraining advocate ; outside
are the jttdgjnBt advocate and a witness who has honor-price, a~e<Mi-
tract-bimler who has honor-price, and a surety who has honor-price. &W^ p 3-
These four remain outside on the fence of the defendant's land, and
these four are outside awaiting it (the distress). And if the distress is
of greater value than the honor-price of the plaintiff, half the amount

U 2

292 SencfiUf TTIofV

DISTRESS, fechemtin coicnena t>o bfieit fie fOfiuf bunem, ocuf a bfjuil

letemiuc m fecliemun coiclietia if a bfieit fie pofiuf no na fecc
f oififib : fofiuf Oltaman , fjofiuf Ofiettemun , fofiuf aifiech ecifi "oct
efug no a ecifi, f ofiuf afiech nef a, fofitif aifiec cuif e, f ofitif afiech

f aifin, fofiuf aifiech foifigill. Ocuf m qata^ cectm T)a imam ; ocuf
in cet^uyx cecna fio bui aca hufintnge aniutj TIO -out cufxabutr; afi
a cint> 1 ^ofitif no nu fecc ipojipb; ocuf m c^iaii iao bui aca coxut
inalt m cjimufi cecnu TJO b^eic a fmfc anum), octif T>a pogelc
octif -DO btec T>O flic jua, 7|il. Ocuf pon lee aijvoe aca in ccc^a-

'<> bait iciji aniuig ocuf cault, no cu fua na cuic feorc -oegmucha T>1 ;
in q\iai\ cecnu 7>a hitnam, ocu^ m cetiatifi cemu -oa hutintuse a
poyxtif T>O nu ipecc pofifiB, ocuf a bet ann fie fie lae cu nonoce,
cu nTiecunb 1 loba* uile i; ocuf pofuif Sfiaif) fecca m po|\uf fin.
Mo curnat) e m lo emec amain a\i T)Uf no Tieacfatn tobai>, no cu

i/fioifet na cuic feoit; tiegincha, ocuf o no fioific, if a bfieic fie
f ofiuf -DO nu f ecc fofifib cufitib ann tobuf .

1T1una mo ind tog emec in fechemun coicneT>a in argabail, if a
bfieic fie fojauf fem huile fo cecoifi, ocuf foigetc ocuf blec T>O
yiit fiia, ocuf cute feotc r>o r>\il i lobuti -01 afi cac tati naicenca
' no co fiia na cute feoic 7)6511100110 -01; ocuf 6 fio fia, m
cecna tia bmium, ocuf m cetfiufi cecna aca nufinuije ac
DO na fecc pojifib; ocuf a bet ann fie fie tae co ti-aiT>ce, co ntiec i
lobut uile. Tllo m achgabdil ann fin na na cuic feoic, ocuf m6
log enec na cuic feoic.

^ TDuna mo m atgabatl ma cuic feoic, ocuf m6 rt& cuic feoic ma
log emiucn fum, pc ocuf occ.

ofi-o wfia. T>lij;e ~oia. lencan. teifi, .1. if fe fo op.Tiu an uafil
i T>o fien. coip, mcroa lencayx -oe co lei|x no co I6p,. La cef c T>O
ai^eaclica ciaJTitifi, .1. if lef in cefc -oon sfvanaib bro if
in atfiecc, .1. cioguii ttiayi aon jve ce^cif (.1. paT)iiaife) gixati if in ai|iecc
'

O tefccnb co^iaib cen^un, .1. o na cefcuib btf amuic,
nacefcaeite anun-o T>o \iey. coifi, TJO gabait na acTigab'ala. "Do
fliif i nasuiT), .1. tf e fo 5111111 fnif i n-Dectnroun., .1. -oon 5111111
i ciajiT> if T>e aifne-oit), .1. -DO -Difiitii an vofuif ^etem. "Do coin, a

SENCHUS MOR. 293

of the honor-price of the plaintiffis to be carried to his own pound, and Dl -
what is over and ahove half the honor-price of the plaintiff is to be
carried to one of the seven pounds : these are the pound of the Ollamh,
the pound of the Brehon, the pound of the Aire-itir-da-aire or the
Aire-itir, the pound of the Aire-desa, the pound of the Aire-tuse, the
pound of the Aire-ard, the pound of the Aire-forgaill. And the same
three who <.ltsti\iin'-d it are to drive it; and the same four who were
outside awaiting it are to go and meet it at one of the seven pounds ;
and the same three persons who made the distress and drove it out, are
to bring notice of it over to the defendant, and a two-fold expense of
feeding and tending is to accumulate upon it, &c. And the distress
is in inequality between the defendant and the plaintiff, 1 until it Ir. with-
reaches the last five ' seds ' of it ; the same three persons are to drive ^^
it, and the same four persons are to await it in one of the seven
pounds, and it shall remain there for a period of a day and a night,
until it all becomes forfeited ; and this pound is to be one belonging
to a man of the seven grades. Or the honor-price only shall first
run into forfeiture, until it reaches the five last ' seds,' and when it
reaches these, it is to be brought to one of the seven pounds, and
there it shall incur total forfeiture.

If the distress be not of greater value than the honor-price of the
plaintiff, he is to bring it all to his own pound at once, and expense
of feeding and tending shall accumulate upon it, and five ' seds ' of
it shall become forfeited every natural day up to the five last 'seds'
of it ; and when it reaches to these, then the same three persons are
to drive it, and the same four persons are to await it at one of the
seven pounds ; and it shall remain there for a period of one day and
one night, until it all becomes forfeited. The distress in this case
exceeds five 'seds,' and the honor-price of the plaintiff is of greater
value than five ' seds.'

If the distress do not exceed five ' seds,' and the honor-price be of
greater value than five ' seds,' the case is similar.

This is the proper order of the noble law, if it be fully fol-
io w e d, i.e. this is the order of the noble law according to justice, if it be entirely or
sufficiently followed. By the evidence of which people may come before
the grades of the court, Le. it is by it witness is given to the grades who
are in the court, i.e. they go with testimony, i.e. a witness of the grades in the
court to take it.

They go from proper witnesses, i.e. from the witnesses who are outside,
the other witnesses pass over according to what is right, to take the di;-',

To the deed to do which they came. i.e. this is the deed which they came ..

to do, i.e. they tell of the deed which they came to do, i.e. " Do drini cin furua fO Ttf.fWV /_'' ;J C. ~J-

' "

294 -Senchuf Ttt6]i.

|* s - compile, .1. a cuma criebuip, no rxeii\ coip, .1. -DO aifnef a cotnglmne

mi'- ">i]> la caob in rp.ei>i, .1. a cerm coingiUe -con brieirem. t1 ccomun-

T>aib, ixarliuib, .1. if Km fo na ncifomyuTi, .1. if e fo ap. nanmunna octif

an laacha ocuf a)i v'nn, .1. if fian fo ap. cjvebuine. |?iaT>naif e, .1.

f if ion fo afi paiiin, .1. oca -DO yiefv -olisro.

Veuem vo mia petchetnan pn'ff" 06 5nu'o. ' gop. ob po
if liaci in peceman pnefciTicheri asm n fa T.OC as|iafa, bef 05111) T)om

! // o an+## M <q*9*d/ a .1. ln ciiian oca aji cobac T>O mgtie casna o antiu-6 co oitu*, i
O'fy !(, <)5 ia a T>O ecunn u ocu f "i caigne cram?,

mla

TTlunab ciiec, ni cmnce|i, no if fo nua veteman brobmt) ma
^ec no iaf ache.

tThinab nechcafi t)e, if tuliuf -oo TOO mbe oga.

,33 *tnafa eaifeca -puctip^m embleogtnn a pecem naf m f.eictiem

eoichena, ocuf pogeib m pecem eoidieT>a ap comlo, no anaifct ITS, ' %
fecliem comapT), cmc feoic inn 50 gabait aeh5abala"T)on inbleo-
(i. If ?? 1 5 uit1 > octif T)itcup m fecemun.

TTluna f.agba ap comlo no i n-aifcii> peichem cowapT),
ic a fupfaema.

TTlafa eatfecha fuaip m f.eeem eoichet)a a peichem naf
bi-Dburo no m cinbleogin, ocuf o gaburo pi>e ap conilo no
anaifci-6, -peceni a comapt), otegup a oiccup, ocuf noca nuil ni
cen co tnccuiptep, TTlun fagbaptie ap cornto no anaifcif) fetem
ifo. coinapti, tilegup a f.tipf.aeinar), ace co po gabao no taim hepic
a inntitige T>'IC.

Z. .1. "Oa gne ap a cuinngichep f^p at) gaipcep, f.erem comapT)

a n-inbai-& bif a coingpao no gpa-o bef uaifte as[a] ctgpa, octif
f.etem bef comapT) pinfin f efcemuin bef Tttigtec T>6f om oc cecca|i
3o "oe, cm lafacc gen gub iaf ace T>O ; ocuf an mbaro bif feichem
eoiclieT)a bef aifli [05 a conigpafi] 5111 iaf ace, no 05 a gpati bef
waifti, cif> laface cm cub iaface 7>o [pte]. 1f mine cumnegup

C. 2606. 'F eceri1 comup-D f unn, na po iccap m upam bef iT)ip -oa eneclamn

C. 269G. fla peeeman -oa n-oenuiT) in'oligei) 05 eagpa. t

1 Three things. See pa;;c 30;j, where they are enumerated
(U <Hn/ O^vKr Co

SENCHUS MOB. 295

of defendant." By right of their 'Coingille,' i.e. by right of their securities DISTRESS.

according to justice, i.e. to deliver their testimony properly along with the three

things, 1 i.e. in addition to their pledge to the Brehon. Guarantees, sureties,
i.e. "these are the contract-binders," i.e. '-these are our guarantees, and our
sureties, and our witnesses,'' i.e. "these are our securities." Witnesses, i.e. these
are our witnesses, i.e. they are according to law.

The law agent provided by lift defendant must be according to
the rank of that of the plaintiff, i.e. "according to the rank of the law
agent that I h**-pnmctol to sue thee, thou shall provide another to sue me."

i.e. the one-third which the pleader is entitled to in respect of the distress from JL 3lf. //
stay- ttrpaysient, is to be divided equally between Mm and the distraining advocate.

If lie be pi'ocured for a fee or lent, it shall be regulated according
to the rank of the law agent who is suing.

If it be not for a fee, there is no rule fixed, or it will be accord-
ing to the rank of the defendant's law agent as if he were procured
for a fee or lent.

If it be in neither of those ways, he his entitled to his services if
he happens to have him.

If the kinsman has provided his law agent sooner than the plain-
tiff, and the plaintiff has provided for a fee or gratis a law agent of
equal rank, there are five ' seds ' for it until the distress is taken
from the kinsman, and the plaintiff's law agent is dismissed.

If the law agent he has provided for a fee or gratis is not of equal
rank, he must be accepted.

If the plaintiff has provided his law agent sooner than the de-
fendant or the kinsman, and when they, the two latter, have provided
for a fee or gratis, a law agent of equal rank, he is to be dismissed,
and though_hejs_not dismissed there is nothing for it. If the law
agent they have provided, for a fee or gratis, is not of equal rank,
it is right to accept him, provided they engage to pay the ' eric '-
fine of any illegality that may suit therefrom.

That is there are two ways in which a man who is sued may seek
a law agent of equal rank when one of the same grade or higher
grade is suing him, and that an advocate of the same rank with the
law agent which it is right for him to have, is required of each of
them, whether he borrows him or does not ; or when a pleader
of higher rank is required from one of the same grade without
being borrowed, or from one of a higher grade, whether borrowed
or not borrowed by him. The reason that law agents of equal
rank are sought here is, that the dtfforonec between the honor-
price of the two law agents need not be paid, should they be guilty
of illegality in pleading.

Seticrinp 1716] i.

DISTRESS. [11o Tiono, cm curpamia ppia peichitmipum, CIT> ipte, cit> uaipti

0'1X~L32. 1TI V ecnll] n) t" a f oc 1" Vi up, aqia, ni cuinjf&fiuni pechuim bep

cotnajvo ppjp, nnina pepqi taip vein, ace fcrup, in up,ain bip eap,

in T>a einiuctunT> tia pecheiiiuti -010 tvoep,nuc peyibup oc aip,biup.c.]

bi ooppp.uiche y-ein riaich, .1. net bi T>iruira, no na bi
ige tia pn in i\aic, .1. gup, ab flare T>a ma to enech. N a p at>-
.1. 5un.abpaT>naip T>a ma to eneac. Na vopV' ' cu|iab poriuy-
DO 11 pec ponfib. Ma pechem, .1. cup,ub petem po mm pecem, .1. oama
to enach.

^ cu 1-5 ben a p, -1. -pr^r i cmncep, in achsabait -DO .

Vat)ach, .1. ip ^lupiie cai^pencari puoDacn na achsab'dta, .1. 51171 ab
oartein. -DO ben.ai\ ai a cae cen inann cen mm. Conroe, .1. if t)a fieri "DO
befiaii ae a cae cen niaii-o cen 11110. Pofitif, .1. if -oa riep, T>O benafi ai
t HA,

a)\ cec pecem "oa gab'mt. Nip vua-oai, .1. amach m achgabait. Na
t)ipoy,napc, .1. m ci nac curnigec a pp. ponaitim na adigabala, .1. munab

t4u* *** ^^ etacli ma ponaim a taim cinca, afi ana an, UT> catt a tairii cincaifi. 11 i

rofinapc na-01 puir>ti, .1. noca cmmsec a pn\ pjnairim afi ana an,

ana an,

, fc ^^4, owi*WW* 7 pus a taim ancai^ in ci nac cuimgec piigitt pecemmnp cafi a cenn. 11 ip
UsifWv ^ u VU1 5^ 1 na ~ efiseouin, .1. noca cuimsec puitiilt pecemnuip TX> gab'ait 7)071
<U r***' 7 a can") ' in ct nac atgeoin mjifi geabcari in achgabait. N a bi m epoch

' ptan, .1. ptan can, a cenT> biroem. N a pfiecech, -1- cap cenn neic eite,

.1. cap, cenn a pine, .1. iap.cmn.

Ulapa coimgec plan ocup ppecech^op geib gem cob cualing a
; cii> e a tan otiget), nac ap p,o gabati coma cuattung a
- Cl * ctialuingj a puii>ttt itnupvp,o, tnunab ruataing ptan
octip pjiecech mp g

Nip puipig iia-D seatta, ta broba, .1. ni cuimgec a pip uipech p,e
pe nanco na achgabata m ci na cabutn, geatt cap, a cenn pep m \ie pin
a taim m peicheman coicne-Da. Ni geatta naT> pui'ote, .1. noca
cuimsec e geatt -DO cabaipc can, a cenn in ci nac cuimgec puiwtt poch
cap cenn in gitl pin, 110 m achgab'ttit a popba anca, .1. munab cuatnig e
m bfiecemticnp mme. Nip puigli nn-o 0151 5 nnn, .1. noca
puijitt piadi cap, a ceiTo m ci nach comoij;inT> m gmm p,a otegup.
Pip, piachaib, .1. CIT> peic otepDa -oe ion, pip, .1. cro turo cro pena
otepcayi 7)e. Ppececli, .1. cii> pena -oUipcan, oe. T:a5p,a, .1. TO cenn
cae am, .1. gin po aip.t>i cm fio ipti mi aijnep. Ocup imiT)cecnc, .1. co
cec1 '

,!(,. ' eenian. mapca-D ai, .1. emapca na at,

na cainjne pop^ conm]i pmgitt ainicln, gan -out -oo conaifTpop, a ceite.
1 Seven pounds. See page ^93.

SENCHUS MOR. 297

Or else, indeed, whether the suitor's law agent be equal to, or DISTRESS.
lower, or higher than that of the defendant, the defendant need not
seek a law agent of the same rank, if lie does not wish it himself,
but shall pay the difference between the honor-prices of the two
law agents if they commit any Wrrrrerer in pleading.

Let not the surety be inferior to this, i.e. let not the surety be lower, or of
less worth than this, i.e. that he be a surety that has honor-price. The wit-
nesses, i.e. that they be witnesses that have honor-price. Pound, i.e. that it
be a pound of the seven pounds. 1 Law agent, i.e. that he be a law agent of the
same rank, i.e. that has honor-price. By whom it is levied, i.e. by whom
it is determined to take the distress.

Carrying away, i.e. it is by them it is shown that the distress was carried / 471) t-tV)'^^

off, i.e. that it is according to them it is carried on the way without fodder or food. f^,4it lj?

Guarding, i.e. it is according to them it is brought on the way without fodder or C&i, 'bru&b

food. Pound, i.e. it is according to them it is carried into a lawful pound. Notice,
i.e. it is according to them a notice of it is given. Are required, i.e. for a law
agent ^oes to take it. He cannot carry off, i.e. carry the distress out. Who
is not able to bind, i.e. the person who is not able truly to bind the distress,
i.e. unless he is able to detain it in the hand of the debtor, i.e. to detain it on
stay in the hand of the debtor. He cannot bind who is not able to pass
judgment, i.e. he cannot truly bind it on stay with notice in the hand of the ,

debtor, unless he is a person W *"V^_ "l'l"^o_giy^ an npinmp_.m a- ;>, 'inyfulnt;;. . It "A/Of IJ<
He cannot pass judgment unless he can distinguish, i.e. he cannot give
an opinion as to its lawfulness, i.e. the person who does not distinguish how the
distress is taken. Who is not able to give security, i.e. security for him-
self. Or gtt*ta-t*, i.e. for another person, i.e. for his tribe, i.e. afterwards.

If he (the plaintiff's law agent) is able to give security and guar-
antee, he can take it (the distress) even though he is not able to pass
judgment ; though it be his full right, he cannot take it on that
account until he is able to pass judgment. But though he may be
able to pass judgment, unless he his able to give security and .guar-
he cannot take it.

He cannot -bind unless he give a pledge, i.e. this is the case of the
defendant, i.e. he cannot detain the distress during the period of stay, unless he
give a pledge for it during that time into the hand of the plaintiff. He cannot
give a pledge unless he pass judgment, i.e. he is not able to give a pledge
for the person if he cannot give judgment of debts for that pledge, or the distress
at the end of the stay, i.e. unless he is able to pronounce judgment respecting it.
He cannot pass judgment of debt unless he can complete the
deed, i.e. he is not able to pass judgment of debts for the person if he is not able
to complete the deed due respecting it. f t r u e d e b t s, i.e. whatever debts are due
of him in truth, i.e. whether proof or denial is required of him. Guarantee, i.e.
though it be denial that is due of him. P 1 e a d i n g, i.e. for every one, i.e. without
being too high or too low as to his pleading. For going, i.e. to the house
of settlement, i.e. the house of the Brehon. To settle the contract, i.e. for Si^t^C\ -fnolj
SPttling the cause, or contract according to a certain path of judgment, with- f

298 Senchtif

DISTRESS. Imuaim n,efve bfieehetnan, .1. a n-em umm pn annul uf n.ian. i>o
bfiecemam, gen n,o ifle, gen no ain/oe. Co -oicem) m, .1. co ci anbul
cinne na ai na caingne. Ocuf "oilmtnne cac coin, .1. co |io t>ila
tnuine Tie hi t>on pechemain coic1iet>a -DO n.ep, coin.

) f rMn ami r anua r' pare ari " r-

/"ff

TV*

1?afc in-on-tnc inableogum, .1. pafc ac1ij;abala T>O bjieit 7)0 m-
/ 2^6- >&/ bteoguin gen airnpm icip, aft. na p.ochcam amach an inbanb ij^ achgabaiL

culla i. 'gen ana-o icip,, .1. ace a b]ieic po cecoiix, .1. -out -oa inmpti
oon inbleogum an, innfiucup 5011 cai|vipni icifi an inbaiT> 1^ achgabail
,. 10 cutla, .1. ace fa.fc Don tn.ep bfiecTun.. CCccj anca -oecbifie, .1. ace na

ai>ca T>ecbijii a Defiim pj^ana. .1. |ie yie cupbuit) no oeyiba'Da.

T)iomca|x cu|xbuiT), .1. yiaicen, no aif-nettjchen, na cufibtiTO.

ann'po, .1. IT> icro fo IOD pTie. 'Cuba floij fo men'oa-o, .1.

'._!"

Ih'k 9lCl

comichij -DO cuiT>ecc pon miaiiaic, ^xin aic ma mmnach fie^ necb7
>s~bet. 1ap.mo|vacc cn.uiT>, .1. vat a n-ia]\rnoi|iacc 111 cfiui cic 1^ m cjvich.
Mo coibt)ena, .1. co n-ian,moifiacc in cp,ui, .1. co cuicen.. Mo gabala,
.1. a to, .1. na artigabala. N o CITTHTH, .1. Tiut T>O gabail na cimei) no -oa
v ua r5 a ^ a *' ' in C1 "Qvi (xpgcnfl(no uaifin^iy can, ty tn ai-6ci. No vn^
tnuni'ocin.e con^ta i nmlicfiTii, -! no out D'a^fca'o a pn. mumncifie
10 cam tua7)U]p uaiT) in ailithfii a cin, aile. Mo congi comna, .1. -DO neoch
in can ip concabayicac bafp, .1. on 111 ip conimenT)a, aicnem. Mo tega
T>O neoch bfp-p vi 11 bap .1. Dtegun, tmj cingt iayi pn noma, m can iy
cunncabaiicac bai^ e ocu^ 1 if cnet> |vo peT v a'6 atn- 1f cun.baiT> TIO neoc
gac m Tub pn tute, .1. mn, ciaccam -DO gab'utl na achgab'aUi cecniumg na
i^necbifie pn uile. Mo bn.ec Txoja conT>ecbin,e, .1. |xaba T>O bn,eic oon
ci bif a n7>ecbin,itip .1. TJirtJoilpjc, if cujxba T>O.

TTIaf T>itCnilfec |vti5a in fioba, flan aft m d fiiaf a fioga, ocuf
if Ian ap, f eft, n achgabata.

TTIaf -DO Tiitfec ftucai) m p,obat>, ocuf cmnn co cafifiupoa, if
c Diem -oon ci fiiaf fui^cro, ocuf ctiic feoic T>O f.efi na achja-
bala.

j TTlafa conticabaific m cafifiufDa fona cafifiufDa, if pach
tie ocuf comai
; -DO pep, na a

tie ocvtf coniaif^lecci T>on ci fviafa yxtica m iiobar), ocuf cuic

gen -oiceall T)O cecn,uib, .1. oon mmUnb. S etl 'oiceatl,
o. if coin, t>oib pt>e. T)o pon.cucn T>O T)Uinib, .1. T>O po|vcaifi in cn,uiT>

SENCHUS MOR. 299

out going from one path to another. According to the decision of the Dis-rr.rss.

Brehon, i.e. in perfect unison with the rule of the Brehon, without being too

low or too high. Until the suit be finished, i.e. until the contract or cove-
nant is determined. And payment properly made, i.e. until the debt
arising thereon be paid to the plaintiff according to justice.

The preceding relates to driving, what follows here relates to notice.

The lawful notice to the kinsman, i.e. notice of the distress is to be
brought to the kinsman without any delay whatsoever after it has been carried out
when it is an immediate distress. Is to have no delay, i.e. it must be brought
at once, Le. to go and tell of it to the kinsman, for his worthiness, without any delay,
when it is an immediate distress, Le. but there must be notice of the third word.
Except the lawful occasion of delay, Le. except the necessary delays
which I mention down here, i.e. the periods of exemption or of pcoef.

The exemptions are here set down, i.e. the exemptions are stated or
mentioned. These are they, Le. here they are. The attack of a host
upon the house, Le. a neighbouring host coming to make an attack upon the
house ('mianait'), i-e. upon the place ('ait') where one likes ('mianach') to
abide. Pursuit of cattle, i.e. going in pursuit of the cattle which come into
the territory. Or a party, Le. hi pursuit of cattle, i.e. with five. Or the
seizure of cattle, i.e. in the day, i.e. the distress. Or'yt prisoner/i.e. to go
to take^ prisone^or to ransom -hrniAe. the person who commits an ac"t of plun-
dering or depredation in the night?^ Or a member of a tribe having
gone on a pilgrimage, i.e. to go to detain one of the family of the person
who has gone upon a pilgrimage into another country. Or to obtain the
communion, i.e. for one who is in danger of death, i.e. it is derived from com-
mendo, I commit. Or a physician for a person on the point of
death, Le. he is entitled to have a physician brought him then, or when he is in
danger of death from a wound inflicted on him. All these things are exemptions
to a person, i.e. when all these necessities happen after the arrival to take the dis-
tress. Or to give notice of necessity, i.e. to give notice to the person
who is in necessity, i.e. to a guiltless person, it is exemption to bun.

If it is to a guilt^person the notice is given, thj-i8-uiLfiiie-en
the person by whom it was brought, and there is full fine to the
owner of the distress.

If the warning has been given to a guiltlsp* person, and it is cer-
tain that he would have been taken, there is a fine of sheltering on
the person by whom it was given, and five 'seds' to the owner of
the distress.

If it be doubtful whether he would or would not have been taken
it is a fine of guardianship and advice to the person by whom the
warning was given, and five ' seds ' to the owner of the distress.

Carrying off of cattle without concealment, Le. of the carrying off of
the cattle. Without concealment, i.e. this is right for them. Persons
swear to it, i.e. to attest that the carcasses of the cattle were heaped on the

300 SencJiuf 17%.

DISTRESS, pop, na catpUb, .1. in m biy 05 pificuiT>e na nech in map,b cp.u-6, .1. pip,
cucchap, enectann "DO neoch if* in ni bip 05 pip, 11ft fe^i m map,b cp.u-6, .1.
111151 na colla; mcgm gacu ap,ann, .1. 5p.at> bey 1 coniaip -oia lut>aT> m can
cro gmiTichen, m coUin-o. Cuinge mna -DO mnai biy 1 pp.1 uaichne,

f.\. -out TJO iapp.a mna -oo pp,ichatum na mna bip uaicne pp,i 1-ona, .1. in
ben cijeyuia; if* cup,bui-& t>o. Comp,uich pp,i nech btp co cat-
mi] 1 Tie, .1. comp.och gal -DO -oenani pep m ci an, mbi in calmuroecc yio
buii) an, Pecngna; bennacc ayx anamuin Peccnai). Co calmtinbe, .1.
comp5flictim TJO pyvi nee biy ocuy aiT>e vTUf'" calmain; bennacc an, an-

ipmam pecgna. Cmb^ecli -Da^acncaiT), .1. cmmn.ech m oume nun,, .1.
po cabuyi inTituige \:ulLa. 'Jeatt T>O incaib na T>aim cen,c, .1- in

T7"i>-?2. (fr aifienac aluf ca-p, cenn enaig m mitgey T>li5cecn, .1. in caitgey Titigtec,

i. Tiiy 1 m ct na T>amann -olijeT) no ion, cabaip,c ait,5e|xx aiyv; iy f,iy> icaf.
.1. in cainci, no com e m pie- 1nj;en,c bfiuchcan, .1. 05 b]\uic m neich

my cam T>O Uiyaib ocuy co eolu^uib TJO neoch bip a ngalutx, .1. 130 nee biy

'Cofach tia De^bai^e, .1. cu^bait) -ptmf, ocuf Tieiibati fo

to ii*0

, .1. aieheop.ach eT>uiT>, .1. lee bip pip T>e ,. , .

oic bip a bp.ac. Ctaedito aipm no e-oai-o, .1. p.e nech eite, aQiip.i'o a.
u> bep 050 -oenum, ip -oepbaT) po. 01 -0156, .1. 1-p -oepoa-6 T>O nee in conia-o '
bep 05 a ol, .1. na ann uipcnb. CCicep,opch -olui n-appa .1. [m
oip,iuc] bep in clepech 05 aeliappach -olui n-a apa no cupan, .1. [-otui

{r ? O'D. 137. cui5e biup] bip ecuppu ocup a bp,05 in can bip -DO cun.au 051-0 toe, .1. 05
O'D. 137. -out ap, m gopx [ip m pojjmap] ; tp -oepba-D -DO. 5 c( t )a ''' cuipc T>O pep,
O'D. 137.ut'VT le P ca VP-'P imbi cope, .1. 05^ ep,iT> bep aj congbait na -0151 cu-j
Oti/ftt ' fV^T "i V^V- ^'P 1 P m weptmT) ay; epir> bicliep, ca ce5tipc; ocup CTO ben ip

VU>YIV niiiuit biap. Cach -Den.bai-6,"cach cupbai-6, .1. 5up na -oecbip.1 pin

-DO bee aip, i-oip, bee ocup mop,, lap, nth a [.i.] pa T)ia, na egutpi-
Ocup -oume, .1. na cuaichi. "D torn cap pi a -6 am ppit> coniToe,
30.1. pxncen. 110 aipneiTjcep, pia-oam 0151 pia cac com-Decbin,iup T>ibpen -oo
p,ep, cin,c tap, cae coip.; no ariiait ip coin, -DO pep, ape, .1. aon pia-6ain 05 na
achsabalaib, ocup 05 na cupabaib.

TTlanai-D -piatm ann, a -out pem T>O canmll piem poitlpi, co
piabi-oapc na cu-|ibaiT) pin ann, ocup na piaTJum -oiatepcu-6 iap,ram.
jsTDuna piabiT>api mn pia-6m ann, a mil -pem t>o cammtl piem
1, ocup nee t>ia mbi lo enach na cuic peoic ara a nembpt.ec a
c, ina -01015 co pvoib in c|ibai-6 ann ; ip plan -DO.

i ii\ V 1fi/ 'O'D. 137, [TlTap int>T)ecbipit]p poT)epia T)on pechenium coiche-oa can papc

WATN^' 13ti ' Tla nargabala T>O bpieic, cuic peoic -DO mbleogum 1 nem mbp^ec

^ in paipcc; ocup m cec pogelc, na btec, na lobu-o ma cent) no cu

1 Fethyna. He was Bishop of Armagh, and a very distinguished man. See
Annals of Four Masters, A.D. 849, 857, 872. This gloss was .probably written soon
after his death in the last named year.

SENCHUS MOR. 301

horses, i.e. the thing which is heaped on the horses, the dead cattle, i.e. it is true DISTRESS.

that honor-price is given to one for that which the owner of the horses has, viz.,

tin.- carca>.sc-s of the cattle, i.e. there must be be proof of the delivery of the car.
he must make restitution as for theft, i.e. when a person of competent rank has
-M2Ifid_the_delivejgLof the carcass. Seeking a midwife for a woman in
labour, Le. to go to seek a midwife to attend a woman who has the pains of
labour, i.e. for the gentlewoman; it is an exemption to him. Struggling with
an epileptic, i.e. to make a struggle with a person afflicted with the same
disease which Fethgnai had; a bl.^in- on the soul of Feghtgna ! Epileptics, i.e.
relief given by him to one who falls with his face, 'aidhe,' to the ground, 'talmain';
a blessing on the soul of Fethgna! Securing a madman, i.e. to fetter the mad
person, i.e. one upon whom the maddening wisp has been thrown. Procuring a
pledge to protect against one who does not yield justice, i.e. a pledge
to protect one who makes the lawful suit, i.e. the lawful suit, i.e. against the person
who does not consent to have the right tried lawfully after he is properly sued; it
is by him it is paid, i.e. the satirist, or he may be the poet. Propming medi
ciafr/or tlit sirk, i.e. boiling useful herbs and plants for one who is in sickness,
i.e. fcr one who has a disease.

The beginning of_pw*>f, i.e. the foregoing relates to exemptions,
the following down here to proof.

Changing tittf\.e. to change raiment, i.e. to put the side of it up that was
down, i.e. when his cloak was bad. Exchanging arms or raiment, i.e. with
another, i.e. his friend is_to_do it, this is a fcof. Taking a drink, i.e. it is a
proof to a person while he is drinking it, i.e. or a drink of water. Changing
the wisp of his shoe, le. while the cleric is changing thVwisp of his shoe or
his 'curan,' i.e. a wisp of straw which is between his foot and his shoe, when Jus
shoe is cutting JUJH, i.e. when going to the corn field in the harvest time; it is a
.proof to him. Getting a drink for a patient under a person's care, i.e.
hilst he is holding the medicine for the man who is under cure during the time he
is under care; and if a woman it will be similar. For every proof, every
exemption, i.e. on the ground of these necessities both small and great. Ac-
cording to God, i.e. before God, i.e. the church. And man, i.e. the laity.
Witnesses are named after a just and proper manner, i.e. it is
said or ordained that he shall have witnesses for each necessity of them according
to justice in the proper manner; or as is right according to justice, i.e. the one
witness for the distresses and the exemptions.

If he has witnesses-he goes himself as a candle, the first light to
prove that these e&eptt&s existed, and the witnesses attest it < ~+ /f f
afterwards. If the^viUiesses were not to be had, he goes himself
as a carmTe, tiie^rstlight, and one whose honor-price is equal to
the five 'seds' which are the fine forthe non-service of notice, is to
come after him to attest that the eseapien existed ; he is then safe

If it is not necessity that prevented the plaintifffrom serving notice
of the distress, there are five 'seds' due to the kinsman for the non-
service of the notice ; and expenses of feeding and tending do not

Senctiup TTIoti.

DISTRESS, juiccap, a papcc; octip nocha npml ni noti cmruc 1 nem rnbjiefc in
paipcc; ace ni eee pogetc na btet na lobui) ma ceanT>, no cu pitic-
. a papcc.

TPapa T>etbifuup po T>epia r>on peichiumuin coicheT>a gan papcc

s- a atgabala no b|\eit, noca npmt eyiic ua-oa i tietnmbfieiu in paipcc ;

ocup 111 cec pogele, nu bleu, na lobut> ina ceatin no co piuccup, a

papcc; ace anat> ocup "oichnn f>o ina^ail ui^fii a haicte a t>et-

papc ppichpli chc, .1. pip innpirep apt>o pic
a pip puillechc -DO bpeic paipc na achgabula; [paicep no aipnegcep] m
O'D. 138. papc T>O bpeic a pip puillecc na acngabala. Cuic peotc muna puccap
amlaiT). "Olomcap oiap laceipc,l.i. paicep no aipne-ocup T>iap
ap cepc, no ba cepc -oo -out map aon pepm pecnem coiche-oa T>O gabail
achgabala, .1. paicep T>iap aiiT> la caob na cepca, .1. pecem cotcneria ocup
;aigm, .1. paichep no atpnechup T>iap ip cepc maille pip ag bpeic m paipc,
aigm coxuil ocup piatinaipi. "Ciagup T>O cum paiche pip ap a cip
coxlaicnep, .1. ciagup le -DO cum paiclie pip ap pepann -DO cog-
plait>cep m acngabail, 1. co paiche m brobuiT) T>O bpec a paipc, .1. jn
puronaipe ocup m pep caipgille. T)o cum popuip tap pen, .1. T>O

vcum apuip lapum ap a aicle pin m pip ap a pelb po aipne t>o gab'ail
ip m acngabail T>O bpec a paipc, .1. pwoain popuip eile. "Oiaii pip,
peipep, papccpep bpechip, ypl., .1. ma t>a pepup m m ip nip T>UIC,
gup ab e op-ou -oo bepap T>o cuapal^nQirpin ; na cpi bpiacnpa T>a papc
na acngabala, no gup ab i m rp.pp bperhip a T>en.a papc na achgab'ala

?st>o bpeic, .1. T)ia pepup lap pip eolup acligub'ala T>O gabail gup ab et>
aT)bepa T>on cpep bpecmp i n-upt) aipnepin : po gabuip c'acligab'ail;
ocup cmc peoic munab ipm cpep bperctup. Co cepgaipe, .1. gup in-
cpe-6pa o'uapal^atpe ann, .1. o'minpin. Cm ppipi po gaibcep, .1. ip
pe po cm imup gab'aT) ai. popup ppipi 1 n-geibcep, ,1. ip e po popup

3noapuppipi ngabupi. Pechem apT>a la bpathap, .1. ip e pechem
biap a DJa^aJjpacap a cenn nolme.

annpo.

T)lom 'oligeT) popup ppi paije pip ppi uropucup n-mbleo-
jam, .1. no apuip, .1. poppoip mnpin, .1. panjpi no aipne m capup tap pip.
nmnpaiji acngabait inbleogum aplmnpucup, ap a nagupcap cm
cac cpen

Ocup patche pp.ipi puipmiT)Cep T)ain5en, .1. ocup gup ab
oaingen m paiche pip 1 puipmi'6chep ai tap cae upT) a cae gen matin gen

SENCHUS MOK. 303

accumnlate upon it, nor does the forfeiture period begin to accrue DISTRESS.
until the notice has been served; but there is nothing due to the
debtor for the non-service of the notice ; expenses of feeding and
tending, however, do not accumulate upon it, nor does the forfeiture
begin to accrue until the notice has been served.

If it be necessity that caused the plaintiff not to serve notice of
the distress, there is no ' eric '-fine due of him for the non-service of
the notice ; but expenses of feeding and tending do not accumulate
upon it, nor does the forfeiture period begin to accrue until the
notice has been served ; but stay and delay in pound shall regulate
it after proof of the necessity.

Notice is sent along the track of the distress, i.e. it is insisted
that they run hack along the track of the distress to give notice of the distress ; tw-
it is said nr stated that the notice is to be oonrqrod along the track of the distress.
I-'iv.- -s -Is' i, the fine if it be not so conveyed. Two are mentioned along
with the witness, i.e. it is said or stated that two persons are to bear wit-
ness, or should be the witnesses to go along with the plaintiff to take distress, i.e.
two are mentioned as necessary to be present along with the witness, i.e. the
plaintiff and the advocate, i.e. it is said or stated that tw.i .-ImtiM l,e witness along
with him in giving the notice, a distraining advocate and a witness. They come
to the green of the man from whose land the distress -
carried of f, i.e. they go to the green of the man from whose land the distress
has been carried off, i.e. to the green of the defendant to give the notice, i.e. the
witness and the pledge man. Afterwards to the house, Le. afterwards to
the house of the man whose property is said to have been taken in distress to give
the notice, i.e. the witness of another house. If the notice be truly given,
the third word, &c., i.e. if thou knowest the thing which is right for thee,
the order which th<Mi^wjlur.ive to thvjiublc u thnt tiling the three words to give
notice of the distress, or the third word which thou shall say will convey the notice
of the distress, i.e. if thou knowest the true method of taking digress what thon
.-halt say in the third word in the order of thy statement is, "I have distrained
thee:" and five 'seds' is the fine unless it be in the third word. Are to be an-
nounced, i.e. these three things are to be openly announced there, i.e. told. The
debt for which it was taken, i.e. "this is the debt for which the property
wa, taken." The pound into which it was put, i.e. this is Ihe pound or
enclosure into which it was put." The law agent ly wl..,i ii wiiu tuLuii
i.e. the law agent bp^ham it was tafccn at the end ofjhe stay. t^jt i* JLvtMr. M-

Of the pound here. <*vwf

Declare the law of the pound by which, by the worthiness of
the kinsman, the debt of every powerful defaulter may be
sued, i.e. or tell it, i.e. the residence here, i.e. tell or state truly the law of the
habitation by which the distress of the kinsman may be sued for his worthiness, by
which the debt dne by each powerful defaulter may be claimed.

And the green into which it is put should have a fence all
round, i-e. and the green into which the property is put in the lawful manner

304 -Senctnir TTlofi.

DISTRESS, big, .1- apup, T>on olijje'o paici, .1. co p.oib T>am5en at
TrTT'iQ V a '' a p u 'T lTr "' D ' ; T l r oia t ^obneT)a; [ocup muna be Dam^m beici cuic peoic
mn cm cu ci otc T>e]. Cuaipu, .1. cae ufVD a cae. 'Jen cumuycc
n-tlap. cechixa, .1. gen ceciia ilap/oa eile DO cup. 1 naon cumupc pia, .1.
j-mnile iT>ip, -DO cup, a cumupc tia achgabala, no gen ttinite yotne oo cup.
an-aon cumu-pc p,ia ceile. 1ppeT) pin tp cumupc mtap, cetpa anti.

1ti cumufc mtafi cet|\a cuic feoic ann tion inableogmn,
ma |\o -paf pojait T>on arhgabail, if aicin in neic \io toici Tion
achgabail; ocuf noca nuil m T>O cinrac ifin comupc mlafi ceqia
it ace munayi i:oail t>a artigabail tie, ocuf ma jio paf, tip aiugm m
neic fio loia T)1 t)'ic fiif .

O'D. 139. TDunab j?afc pfiiflicc, no ^afc -oon rjief byxete^, [ce no]

bep,at> a fafc itinuf eile, acaic cuic feoic mt) -DO inableogum;

ocuf ciama -pafc pfii^icc no cia mo -pa^c Tion cyie
/rimbeyvat), munab ICTI m cfiiap, fio bm ^a coxal amac bef 05

a faif c, acme cuic feoin mn T>O inabteogum ; no mtina tnarroefi
O'D. 139. tiligtec gm befia gm ftegaT); no mat) cumufc [n-itcerbjia] araic

cuic feoic T>O mbleogum, .1. gan cetyia ilajvoa TDO cup, atiaon

cumufc fim.

"Oia cuniufccafi, ctnc feoic inn, muna n olc t>6; ocuftna t>i,
ap. fon a pach.

j Oiclt, .1. fiixeTina. TTluca, .1. ofifia pein. Caiixig, gabaifv, -i- 5'" til
Dib pm anaon cumu-pc pe ceite.

SENCHUS MOR. 305

without fodder or food, should be surrounded by a fence, i.e. state the law of the DISTKKSS.

green, i.e. the green into which the distress is brought to be impounded should be

secure: if it be not secure there is a fine of five 'seds' for it to the kinsman, even
though no injury may result therefrom. 'Cuaird' (all round), i.e- 'cae uird'
Without intermixing various cattle, i.e. not to mix it with various
other cattle, i.e. not to put any cattle whatever along with the distress, or not to
intermix different kinds of cattle. This is what is called the intermixture of the
various cattle.

For the intermixture of various cattle there is a fine of five
'seels' for it to the kinsman, and if injury happens to the distress,
restitution for the thing injured is to be paid to him; and there is
nothing to the debtor for the intermixture of the various cattle,
unless his distress has suffered injury therefrom, and if injury has
resulted, restitution of the thing injured is to be paid to him.

If it be not notice by the track of the cattle, or notice of tho third
word, i.e. should he (the plaintiff) give his notice in a different
manner, there is a fine of five 'seds' for it to the kinsman ; or though
it should be notice by the track of the cattle or notice of the third
word that he gives, if it be not the three persons who had carried it
(the distress) out that go to give the notice, there is a fine of five
'seds' for this to the kinsman ; or unless it was placed in the legal
pound, without stakes or spikes ; or if there be an intermixture of
various kinds of cattle, there are five 'seds' for it to the kinsman,
i.e. it is unlawful to allow different kinds of cattle to intermingle
with it (the distress).

If they are intermingled there are five ' seds' for it, even though
injury does not result; and if injury results the fine shall be in
proportion.

Horses, i.e. males. Pigs, i.e. b themselves Sheep, goats, i.e. none of
these to be intermixed.

INDEX.

ABARTA, see BLESSIXG.

ABBOT: contract of a monk without his abbot set aside, 51, 53.
ADAM, condemned for his fraud, 53, 55.
ADAMNAX: his law respecting ' Smacht'-pledge, 277.
ADVOCATE, tee LAW AGEXT :

to accompany person seizing distress, 85.
AEI EMHNAIDHE : an ancient law treatise, 93.
Ai EAMHXACH : a work by Fithel, 27.
AILBHE : courtship of, 47.

AlLELL :

one of those by whom Eochaidh was killed, 69, 71.
son of Matach, sudden judgments of, 151, 157.

,, took first distress of three days stay ever taken, for failure in

furnishing men to his hosting, 153, 157.
AIN, daughter of Partholan, 155.
AIRE-AKD, pound of the, 293.
AIRE-DESA, pound of the, 293.
AIRE-ECHTA, the champion of the territory, 207 n.

AlRE-FORGAILI, 61.

pound of the, 293.

AlKE-rriR-DA-AIRE, 59, 61.

pound of the, 293.
1 AIRER'-FINE, distress for, 231, 233.
AIKE-TUISI :

commanded the army of the territory, 200 n.

pound of the, 293.
ALE-HOUSE :

quarrelling in an, 231, 235.

injuring the vessels of an, 233, 235.
ALMS : effect of payment of, 51, 53.
ALTAR : fine for injuring utensils of an, 233, 235.
AMEKGIX GLUXGEL, 19.

the first author in Erin, 21.

' AXELAUHNACH' : securing a distress by means of an, 111.
A.MMAI.S:

trespass by, 157, 161.

carrying off pet, 163, 167.

carrying away covering of animals, fine for, 185, 189, 237, 239.

distress for dry animals, 185, 191.
young animals, ibid.
scraping animals, ibid.

four-footed animals, ibid.

ANNAOHDOWN, diocese of, 42 n.
ANRUTH, number of his stories, 45.
AXTIQL-ABY, tee SEAXCIIAIDHE.

x 2

308 INDEX.

AOX-ACH CHOLMAIX, fair of, 129 n.

APPROPRIATED TREE, 206 ., 207.

ARMS : exchanging one's arms a proof in distress, 269, 301.

ARREST :

who may be arrested for their liabilities instead of being distrained, 105, 107.

circumstances under which certain persons liable to such arrest, 107-111.

expense of feeding and taking care of such persons, 111.

forfeiture of such persons, 109, 1 13.
ASAL:

steward-bailiff of the king of Temhair, 65.

the first distress in Erin made by, 65, 67.

one of those by whom Eochaidh was killed, 69, 71.
ASSEMBLY:

three assemblies among the Feini, 159.

stay on distress for an, 157, 159.

immediate distress on account of an, 231.
' ATHCHOMHAHC,' 258 n., 259, 273.
ATTACK :

service of, 157, 160 ., 161.

immediate distress on account of service of, 231.

of a host, an exemption from distress, 267, 299.
AUTHORS :

of the Senchus, 5.

of the Poem, 5.

of judgments, 19.

of works incorporated in the Senchus, 23-5.

works of, mentioned, 27.

BARK: fine for stripping a tree of its, 185, 189.
BARTER: distress for things bartered, 215, 219.
BASE-TEXAXTS : law respecting, promulgated in Senchus, 41, 49.
BATTLES :

stories of, 47.

first battle fought about the marriage gifts of Ain and Iain, 155.
BEACH : stay, in case of fine, for appropriating the sea products of another's, 167,

BED : the common bed of neighbours, 127, 143.

BEE-HIVE: stay, in case of fine for robbing a, 167, 171.

BELL, for necks of cattle, 127, 143.

BELLOWS, see BLOWKII.

BENEN, Bishop, afterwards Saint Benignus :

one of the authors of the Senchus, 5, 17.

wrote the Senchus in a chalk-book, 35.

assisted in regulating the law of distress, 209.
BERLA FEINI :

the dialect in which the ancient Irish Laws were written, 17 .

Eossa, a doctor of the, 39.
BERRUIDE : fine fixed by the law of, 217.
BILLHOOK: stay on distress for a, 125, 141.
BISHOP :

his 'dire'-fine fixed by the Senchus, 41, 43.

to what joint entitled out of the Brewy's caldron, 49.

if unworthy, loses his honor-price, 55.

in some cases does not recover his former rank if degraded, 56 n, 57, 59.

married, may recover it, 57, 59.

fine for removing remains of a, 203, 205.

INDEX. 309

BLEMISH:

Dorn killed for reproaching King Fergus with a, 65, 69, 75.

king affected with a, could not reign, 73.

stay in case of fine for reproaching with a, 175, 177.

BLESSING :

custom of blessing work, 132 n.

stay on distress for neglecting the, 125, 133, 151, 153.

BLOTCHES, appeared on cheeks of Brehons whenever they pronounced false judg-
ment, 25.

BLOWER, of chief's house, 127, 145.
BO-AIRE : to what food-tribute entitled, 59, 61 .
BOAR : stay on distress for a, 127, 145.

BOASTING : false boasting of a dead woman, fine for, 185, 189.
BOAT, fine for improperly using another's, 167, 171.
BOCHTAX : food given to a prisoner, 107.
BOHER-NA-BREEXA, see DEBO.

BONDMAN :

incapable of taking distress, 85, 91.

subject to arrest instead of distress for his liabilities, 105, 107.

stay in case of fine for carrying off a person's bondman or bondwoman, 163, 167.
BOND-VASSAL : distress for share in a, 217, 227.
BONES : fine for taking bones from a churchyard, 203.
BORDER : fine on border people suffering things to be carried off out of territory,

185, 189.

BORDERS : distress for, 203.

BOUNDARY : distress for a levy carried over a, 247, 249.
BRANCHLIGHT, of each person's house, 127, 143.
BRATHCHAI, a law treatise, 211.

BREASAL BREAC : black and white cat taken from ship of, 151, 153.
BREATHINGS : time allowed for advocates regulated by, 18 n., 19.
BRECAN : skull of dog of, recognised by means of poetical inspiration, 44 n.
BREEX-MORE, see DACHOC.

BREHOXS :

according to custom, every foreigner or stranger was entitled to be judged by
any Brehon he might choose, 7.

blotches on the cheeks of, 25.

withholding fees from, 233, 235.

pound of the, 293.
BRETHA XEMHEDH, 19.

a law tract which treats of the law of persons of distinction, 113 n.
BREWY : his ' dire'-fine fixed by the Senchus, 41, 43.

hundreds of the, 41, 47.

ever-full caldron of the, 49.

letfieck, 47, 61.

ceilac/i, 61.

caldron of, stay on distress for, 125, 135.

rope of house of, stay on distress for, 125, 141.

salt of house of, 127, 143.

female, 117.

stay on distress from a, 195, 201.

distress for things taken from a, 233, 235.
BRIATHRA BRIGHT, a law treatise, 23.
BRIDGE: stay on distress for erecting a, 125, 135.
BRIDLE: stay on distress for a, 125, 139.

310

INDEX.

BRIGH AMBUE, a female author of judgments, 19, 23.
BKIOH BRIUGHAIDH :

a female author of laws, 145, 147, 151, 155.

fixed stay on distress in case of women's property at two days, ibid

dwelt at Fesen, ibid.
BRIGHT, daughter of Sencha, 253.
BROOCHES :

distress for, 203.

injury to, 235.
BDIDHE CONNAILL, a plague, 50 n., 51.
HUIM-SCEOTA, a portion of meat of a certain size, 133.
BULL : stay on distress for a, 127, 145.
BURAIXACH : assault on the house of, 47.

' CAE,' meaning of, 33.

CAI CAINBHREATHACH, 275.

went to Pharaoh, 21.

becomes Brehon to the fleet of the sons of Milidh, 23.

author of the Brathchai, 23.
CAIN ADAMNAIN, 276 re.
CAIN BESCNA : fifth book of Senchus, 49.
CAIN-LAW, 87, 89, 97, 173, 275.

CAIN PATKAIC : a name of the Senchus Mor, 18 n., 19.
CAIRI BRETHA MORA : an ancient Irish work, 27.
CAIRNECH, Bishop, afterwards St. Carantochus:

one of the authors of the Senchus, 5, 17.

wrote it in a chalk-book, 35.

buried at Tuilen, .">.",.

assisted ill regulating the law of distress, 209.
CALDRON ('eaire ansic'):

the ever-full, of the Brewy, 41, 47, 48 n., 49.

stay on distress for a, 123, 129.

of Brewy, or farmer, stay on distress for the, 125, 135.

great caldron or scabel fur feasts at each quarter of year, 125, 135.

stay in case of line for improperly using another's, 107, 171.

distress for a man going to a testing, 195, 199.

distress for share in an old, 217, 227.
CALUMNY, eee SLANDER.
CAXA : number of his stories, 45.
CAPTIVE : guarding and feeding of a, 125, 137.
CAB:

stay on distress for a, 123, 133.

fine for improperly using another's cart, 167, 171,
CARAT.NIA TEISCTIII: an author of judgments, 19.
CARLINGFORD MOUNTAINS, see CUAII.CM..
CARPENTER : stay on distress for tools of a, 125, 133.
CART-BOY: subject to arrest instead of distress for his liabilities, 105, 107.
CAT: black and white cat taken from ship of Breasal Breac, 151, 153.
CATTLE: distress of, in possession, 215, 219.
CATTLE-SPOILS : stories of, 47.
t'KALTAlB, father of Niamh, 253.
' CERD-CHAE,' meaning of, 33.
CHAIN, of Morann, 25.

INDEX. 311

CHALK-BOOK : Senchus written in a, 35.

CHAMPION :

the aire-echte the champion of the territory, 207 n.

distress for support of a, 227, 229.
CHANGING, the wisp of one's shoes a proof in distress, 269, 301.

CHAEGE :

distress for a thing given in charge, 227, 229.

n and improperly parted with, 247, 249.

CHARIOT: fine for improper use of another's, 167, 171.
CHARIOTEER:

of Patrick killed by Xuada Derg, 7.

to what joint entitled out of the Brewy's caldron, 49.
CHARMS: stay in case of fine for using, 177, 181.
CHESS-BOARD, of house of chief, 127, 143.

CHIEF :

laws for, established in the Senchus, 41, 43.

to what joint entitled out of the Brewy's caldron, 49.

contract of labourer without his, set aside, 51, 53.

if unworthy, or guilty of offences, loses his honor-price, 55, 59, 61.

notice and fasting precede distress in case of a, 113.

a person of chieftain grade to accompany one of inferior grade distraining a,

113, 117.
stay upon distress for his food-tribute if withheld, 123.

,, .. for feast if deficient, ibid., 127.

the seven valuables of a chief's house, 135.
stay on distress for share of cow provided for chief when engaged on business

of territory, 125, 135.

distress from chief for not assisting afuidkir against injustice, 125, 139.
chess-board of house of, 127, 143.
blower of house of, 127, U5.

distress for injury to chief by tenant, and vice versa, 157, 163.
distress for failing to supply the feast of the chief or a band of reapers for

him, 157, 163.

distress for rent accruing due after death of a, 187.
distress for not erecting the tomb of a, 185, 187.
distress by a chief who has supplied stock to a tenant, 215, 219,
distress for injury to a, 231, 235.
CHIEF PROFESSOR, see SEN.

CHILD :

st;:y in case of fine for injury to a child carried on the back, 175, 179.

distress for removing a child after its mother's death, 227, 229.
CHILDBIRTH :

oath of a woman in, 177, 181.

distress from a man whose wife is in labour, 195, 199

having gone to seek a midwife for a woman in labour, an exemption from
distress, 269, 301.

CHILDREN :

fine for neglecting to maintain, 137.

tuvs of, stay on distress for, 125, 139.

removing, from women unfit to take care of them, 125, 141-3.
CHRONICLER: used to relate events and tell stories before arrival of Patrick in Erin,
19.

CHURCH :

grades of the, punished more severely than others, 57, 59.

furniture of a church, stay 011 distress for, 123, 127.

protection from distress to a person making an offering to a, 195, 199.

312

INDEX.

CHURCHYARD: fine for digging a, 203.

CHURN: stay on distress for a, 125, 135.

CIARRAIGHE CuiRCHE, now barony of Keriycurriliy in Cork, 82 n.

CIARKAIGHK LI-ACIIKA, now Kerry, 24 n., 82 n., 83.

< 'II.ORN, see PITCHER.

CLEANSING :

of roads, 123, 129.

of fair-green, ibid.

CLITHE BRETIIA: an ancient Irish work, 27.
CLI : number of his stories, 45.

COHABITATION: stay in case of fine for neglect of, 177, 181.
COIBCHI, see MARRIAGE GIFTS.
COIR FEINE EEC: an ancient Irish work, 27.
COIR FEINE MOR: an ancient Irish work, 27.
COIRE ANSIC, see CALDRON.
COIRPRI GNATHCHOIR :

King of Ulster his steward-bailiff's cows distrained by the steward-bailiff of the
King of remhatr, to recover Inbher Ailbhine, which had been forfeited to
King Fergus, 60, et ieq.

why so called, 07.

established stays of three, five, and ten days on distresses, 151, 157.
COMBAT :

distress from a man who has lost the, 195 199

at Magh-inis, 251, 253.
COMLA, see HOPPER.
COMMUNION :

having gone to obtain the communion for one on the point of death an

exemption from distress, 2I>7, L"Ji).
COMPENSATION : distress for, 231, 233.
CONALL CAERNACH: one of the two engaged in the combat at Magh-inis, 253.

CONCHOBHAR :

takes from the poets exclusive judicature, 19.

pa-i-d judgment respecting cli>in-~... L'.'.l, 253.
CONFERENCE, between Saint Patrick and men of Erin, 15.
COXXLA CAIXBHRETHACH :

chief doctor of Connaught, 23.

used to contend with Dniids, 23.

never pronounced a false judgment, 25.

author of the I maid Arrechta, 27.
CONSTELLATIONS, 31.
CONTRACTS :

verbal, made binding by the Senchus, 41, 49.

period of dissolution ..f, one of those at which world loses its goodness 51 53

five, that are set aside, 51, 53.

violation of, deprives of honor-price, 59.

those incapable of making, not to take distress, 85, 87.

distress in respect of a broken contract, 215, 217.

distress from heirs <>n account of fathers', 217, 227.
COOKING : requisite, fur, stay on distress for, 123, 129.
COOKLNG-TENT : fine for stealing from the hunter's, 203, 207.
COPPER ORE: piercing a cliff for, 185, 189.

INDEX. 313

CORC, KING:

one of the authors of the Senchus, 5, 17.

a--^ted in regulating the law of distress, 209.
CORCA BAISCISX : in west of county Clare, 82 n.
CORCA MUIXCHE : King of Crumhthann, not entitled to a hostage out of, 83.

CORN:

stay on distress respecting. 125. 135.

for fine for injuring corn-rick, 167, 171.

ripe com, 167, 173.

COURT : chiefs of, not to take distress, 85, 87.
COURTSHIPS : stories of, 47.
Cow :

seizure of cows by Asal, 65.

for milk, stay on distress for, 123, 127.

stay on distress for share of a cow provided for chief when engaged on the

business of the territory, 125, 135.
breaking fences for, 169, 175.
COWHERD: incapable of taking distress, 91.
COW-SHED:

stranger not possessing a, disqualified from taking distress, unless accom-
panied by a native, 87.
distress to be closed up in, 105.

CRADLE CLOTHES: stay in case of fine in respect of, 169, 173.
CKAEBH-PATRAIC: otherwise Ferta-Feig, now Slane, on theBoyne, 64 n. 67.
CREDIXE CERD: his judgments explained to Patrick, 25.
CRIME, see also OFFENCES.

stay on distress for crimes of near relatives, 157. 161.

of a person's hired woman, 157, 161.

of a person's nrauenger, 157,161.

of the foreigner who is with a person, 157, 163.

,, of a person's fool, ibid.

of a person's jester, ibid.

,, a person's own crimes, ibid.

crimes are five-fold, 239, 241.

four nearest tribes bear a kinsman's crimes, 261, 275.
CRUITHXIGH (Pt'cfa): from whom descended, 21.
CRUMHTHAXX : in Galway, 82 n.
CUAILOXE : cattle spoils of, 46 n., 47.
CUCHULLAIXX: 181, 253.
CUICTHI : the name of the woman who stayed the combat at Magh-inis, and was

the cause of the distress of five days' stay being ordained, 250 n., 251, 253.
CL-MIIAL SENORBA: a portion of land set apart to provide for indigent members

of the clan, 207 and note.
CUP : stay on distress for a, 125, 135.
CUSTOM :

it was customary to give foreigners or strangers the choice of a Brehon, 7.
of blessing work, 132 n., 133.

DACHOC :

near present Brcen-More, in Westmeath, 46 n.

demolition of fort of, 47.
DADERG, see DERO.
DAIRE, KING:

one of the authors of the Senchas, 5, 1 7.

t'd in regulating the law of distress, 209.

314

INDEX.

DAIRINN : courtship of, 47.

DAMMING : fine for unlawfully damming a stream, 203, 205.

DARTADHA : cattle spoil of, 47.

DAUGHTER: stay on distress which she takes in respect of her mother's property,

DEAD:

stripping the, 175, 177.

distress from heir of a dead person, 185, 189.

" for satirising a dead person, ibid.
DEAD-SEIZURE : stay on distress for, 185.
DEATH, of suitor, 185, 187.
DEATH-LEVY : stay upon distress for, 247, 249.
DEBTOR :

fasting on a debtor during a period of exemption, 99.

his liabilities increase if he do not offer food to his creditor fasting on him, 117

notice of ten days served on tribe of a, 265, 287.

tribe liable for an absconding, ibid.
DEFENCE :

service of, 157, 160 n., 161.

immediate distress on account of service of, 231.
DEMOLITIONS : stories of, 47.
UERG:

near present Boher- na-Breena, on the Dodder, county Dublin, 4C n.

demolition of fort of, 47.

DlANCECHT THE PHYSICIAN :

an author of judgments, 19.

his judgments explained to Saint Patrick, 25.

DlGNITARIKS :

four who may be degraded, 55.

distress from a high dignitary, 247, 249.
DIGNITY :

time allowed a person to plead his cause regulated according to, 18 ., 19.

' dire'-fine according to, established for each in the Senchus, 41, 43
' DlRE'-FiNE, 167 et seq. :

established for each according to his dignity, in the Senchus, 41 43.

is fourfold, 275.
DISTRESS :

the first in Erin, made by Asal, 67.

an immediate, may be taken between countries at strife, 75.

Sen Mach Aighe pronounced first decision respecting, 79.

stays upon, fixed by the learned men at the meeting at Uisnech, 79, 81.

by a woman, 81, 83.

fasting at debtor's residence, part of process of, 82 n., 83.

by a king in a tributary territory, 83.

person seizing, must be accompanied by an advocate, 85.

persons disqualified from taking, 85, 87, 91.

stranger to bring a native with him when taking, 87-91.

others under certain circumstances to be accompanied by a native when
taking, 89.

fine for unlawiul seizure of, 91, 93.

seizure of, without any debt due, 95.

bringing into greens of septenary grade, 97.

fine for taking, from a place of protection, 93, !)'J.

seizing, during a period of exemption, 101.

forfeited at a fixed rate per day, after period of forfeiture liad commenced, 103.

notice of, 105.

to be seized between sunrise and sunset, 105.

INDEX. 315

DISTRESS contin

certain persons not distrained, but themselves imprisoned until their chief

becomes bound for them, 105-107.
preceded by notice in case of inferior grades, 113.

' notice and fasting in case of chieftain grades, 113.
the length of the notice in certain cases of, 117.
from a debtor's kinsman, 117.
by or from women, 12 1 .
things in case of which the stay upon the distress is one day, enumerated

123-7.

in case of women, stay on distress fixed at two days, 127, 145. 147-9. 151, 155.
on which stay is two days, has a notice of two days and a delay in pound of

four days, 147.
tilings in case of which the stay upon the distress is two days, enumerated,

147-155.

stay on distress for articles belonging to women. 151-5.
stays of three, and five, and ten days established on distresses by Coirpre

Gnathchoir, 151, 157.
first distress of three days stay ever taken, was taken by Ailell son of

Matach, for the failure of his hosting, 153, 157.

things in case of which stay on distress is three days, enumerated, 157-181.
:-t.'y n distre-s for fines in case of certain offences, 163-183.
thin:^ in case of which stay on distress is live days, enumerated, 183-193.
things in case of which stay on distress is ten days, enumerated, 193-207.
manner in which a digress with :>tay is seized, 209-211.
by whom and how law of distress regulated, 209.
manner in which an immediate, distress is seized, 211-213.
what causes a distress to be immediate, 213-215.
cases in which di.-tre>s is immediate with a stay of one day. 215-231.
in which distress is immediate with a stay of three days. 231-237.

distress (' athghabhail,') why so called, 255-257.

why fourfold, 257 et ttij.

four things taken in distress, 259, 269.

four divisions of dUtre.-s 25!>. 2tJ9.

four things for which distress taken, 259, L' 7 1 .

,, which perfect distress, ibid.

charged upon distress, ibid.

to be observed in takin:: di.-tivss 259. 273.
four classes of crimes for which distress taken, ibid.
two classes of distress, 263, 2^5.
two notices of each distress ibid,
three drive the di.-tress nut to four, 289 et teq.
witnesses of a, 293.

qualifications for seizing a distress, 267, 297.

circumstances exempting from liability to distress, 267-9, 299, 301.
circumstances admitted as proofs in distress, 269, 301.
illegal seizure of distress. -71.
manner in which a distress to be seized and carried off, 289-293.

DOCTOR: the literary, to what joint entitled out of Brewy's caldron, 49.
DOET OF XEIMHTHIXN : an author of judgments, 19.

Doo:

of the dunghill, stay on distress for a, 127. 145.

watchdog for cattle, ,, ibid.

the chained watch-dog, stay on distress for, 127, 145.

hunting dog,

lap- 127, 146, lift, II

316 INDEX.

DOG continued.

fine for setting charms for a dog to prove them, 177, 181.
fine for maiming a person's chained, 233, 235.
DOIDIN MAC lira : his judgments explained to Saint Patrick, 25.
DORN:

given in bondage to King Fergus, for the crime of her son, Foitline, 65, 69.
was killed by King Fergus, for reproaching him with his blemish, 65, 69, 75.
Dos : number of his stories, 45.
DRINKING :

a person's taking a drink, a proof in distress, 269, 301.
getting a drink for a patient, a proof in distress, ibid.
DRISAC : number of his stories, 45.
DRIVING : three drive a distress out to four, 289 et seq.
DRUIDS :

overcome by Saint Patrick, 15.
Egyptian, 21.

Connla Cainbhrethach contended with, 23.
DUBHTHACH MAC UA LUGAIR :

royal poet of Erin : author of the poem, 5.

one of the authors of the Scnchus, 5, 17.

reconciles the gospel doctrine of forgiveness with the Irish law of retaliation

9 et seq.

exhibits to Saint Patrick the judgments, and poetry, and laws of Erin 17
put a thread of poetry around the Senclius. L'3.
recites to Saint Patrick what his predecessors had sung, 25.
a doctor of literature, 39.
assisted in regulating the law of distress, 209.
DUILESC: stay on distress for, 171.
DUILI FEDHA : continued to poets by Saint Patrick, 45.
DUILI SLOINNTE : continued to poets by Saint Patrick, 45.
DUMHACH : burning of house of, 47.
DUNDRUM BAY, see LOCH RUDHRAIDHE.

EARTH : creation of the, 27.

EARTHQUAKE : occurred on Saint Patrick's charioteer being slain, 7.

EI.ADNACH : securing a distress by means of an, 111.

EMHAIX MACHA, 73 :

contention between the two sages at, 19.
EMIR, courtship of, 47.

ENDA AIGENBRAS : one of those by whom Eochaidh was killed, 69, 71.
EOCHAIDH BEI.BHUIIIHK :

for killing of, while under the protection of Fergus, King of Ulster the King
of Temhair makes compensation, 65, 67, 71.

killed at Sliabh Fuaid, 69, 71.

by whom killed, 69, 71.

EOCHAIDH MAC LUCHTA : an author of judgments, 19.

EOCHAIDH ORESACH : one of those by whom Eochaidh Belbuidhe was killed, 69, 71.
EOGHAN MAC DURTHACHT : an author of judgments, 19.
EPILEPTIC : struggling with an, an exemption from distress, 269, 301.
' ERIC'-FLNI: :

for secret murder, 185, 189.

four, for the 'scds' of a chieftain, 259, 273.

four divisions of, ibid.

INDEX. 317

ERIN:

three principal races in. 71, 79, 81.

by whom divided into provinces, 81.
ESCAIRDE, 172 n.. 173.
ETAIN, courtship of, 47.
EVIDENCE :

to be guilty of false evidence, deprives of honor-price, 57.

to distrain a person to give evidence, 125. 139.

circumstances admitted as proofs in distress, 269, 301.
EVIL-WORD, of one woman against another, 147-9.

EXCHANGING:

one's raiment a proof in distress, 269, 301 .

one's arms ,, ,, ib'td.

EXEMPTION :

periods of, 98 n.

fasting on debtor during a period of, 99.

taking distress during period of, 101, 199.

circumstances exempting from distress, 267-9, 299, 301.

proof of. 301.

EXTEMPORANEOUS RECITAL : profession of, continued to poets by Patrick, 45
EYE- WITNESSES, see LOOKERS-OS.

FACHTNA MAC-SENCHATH : an author of judgments, 19, 23.

FAIKIES :

various existing corruptions of the word ' Luarcan,' 71 n.

King Fergus' encounter with the, 71-3.

FAIR- DAY : distress for ornaments to be worn on an approaching, 203.
FAIR-GREEN :

cleansing of the, 123, 129.

stay on distress in respect of the, 157, 159.

FAIRS:

of ancient Irish, 129 n.

distress for fine for disturbing a fair, 231, 233.

fine for injuring brooches used at a fair, 233, 235.
EALSE EVIDENCE, see EVIDENCE.
FALSE JUDGMENT:

to be guilty of giving, deprives of honor-price a poet, 25.

a king, 55.

any person, 57.

FALSE REPORT: stay in case of fine for circulating a, 175, 177.
FAMILY :

stay in case of restitution and fine in respect of family matters, 183.

fine for neglecting to maintain a senior of the, 139.
FASTING :

a part of the process of levying distress among the ancient Irish, 82 n. 83, 93.

on a debtor during a period of exemption, 99.

precedes distress in case of chieftain grades, 113.

consequences of not offering a pledge to a person fasting, 115, 117.

in case of a debtor's kinsman, 117.

food to be offered to the person fasting, 117.

consequences of fasting after offer of lawful right made, 119.

to put a stop to the fasting, a surety or a pledge to be offered, 119, 277.

when women concerned in distress, 121.

by head of family on whose land ship wrecked or thinir-i ca-t, on kinir IL".'.
FATHER: contract of >oii without his, srt a^idi'. .">:!.

318 INDEX.

FEAST :

due to chief, deficiency of, 123, 127.

failing to supply feast of chief, 157, !(!:!.
,, king, 231, 233.

FEE:

of a person's art, distress for, 157, 163.

withholding his fees from a Brehon, 233, 235.
FEEDING: a distress, 259, 271-3.
FEINI :

so called from Fenius Farsaidh, 33.

what contracts set aside by the, 51.

of Temhair, a principal race in Erin, 67, 69.

three assemblies among the, 1 .">!>.

four lookers-on recognised by the, 241-247.

FER : son of Partholan, 155.

FERADHACH FINNFECHTNACH: a king and celebrated author, 23.
FEROEIRTNE: one of the two sages that contended for the sage's gown, 19, 25.
FERGNIA: son of Partholan, 155.

FERGUS, a poet :

one of the authors of the Senchus, 5, 17.

recites to Patrick what his predecessors had sung, 25.

a doctor of poetry, 39.

assists in regulating the law of distress, 209.

FERGUS : son of Aithern, a poet, 25.
FERGUS FERGLETHECH :

King of Ulster, 67.

why so called, 66 n.

gets compensation from King of Temhair for. the violation of his protection by
the killing of Eochaidh Belbhuidhe, 65, 67, 69, 71.

kills Dorn for reproaching him with his blemish, 65, 69, 75.

obtains his wishes from the fairies, 71-3.

is affected with a blemish, 73.

kept ignorant of it for three years, 73.

kills the Muirdris in Loch Rudhraidhe, 75.
FERGUS FIASACH : Fianach, from Fianach in Kerry, 24 n., 25.
FERGUS MAC LETI: a cotemporary of Sen Mac Aige, 23.
FERNS: fine for cutting another's, 167, 173.
FERRY-BOAT: stay on distress for a, 125, 143.
FERTA-FEIG : now Slane, 64 n.
FETTERING: stay on distress for unlawful, 169, 175.
FENCES :

stay in case of fine for injury caused by, 163, 165.

breaking fences for cows or calves, stay in case of fine for, 169, 175,

distress for neglecting to make, 215, 217.

FENIUS FARSAIDH :

sends his disciples to learn the various languages of the world, 21.
Feini called from him, 33.

FlACHNA TuLBHRETHACH :

his judgments explained to Patrick, 25.

origin of name, 24 n.

author of Tulbretha, 27.
FIDNEIMIDH: sacred wood, 164, 165.

FIELDS : distress in case of pledge for corn and grass, 215, 217.
FINECH, see SINECII.

INDEX. 319

FIXES :

adjustment of fines between the Feini and Ultonians in respect of Dom and
Eochaidh Belbuidhe, 77.

stay on distress for fines in case of certain offences, 163, 183.

fine for use, 169.

FIM MAC CUMHAILL, see TEIXM LAODHV.
FINSRUTH FITHILL: a law treatise, 121.
FIRE: stay in case of fine for injury caused by, 167, 171.

FIRMAMENT :

formation of the, 27.

five zones formed in the, 29.

divided into twice six parts, 29.

constellations set in the, 31.
FIRST-FRUITS: effect of payment of, 51, 53.
FISHIXG-WEIR :

of the tribe, 123, 131.

fine for erecting a weir larger than a person was entitled to, 203, 205-7.

FITHEL, 23 :

author of Ai Eamhnach, 27.

never pronounced a false judgment, 25.
FITHTR : courtship of, 47.
FLEECE: stay on distress for last, 185, 187.
FLIDAS: cattle-spoil of, 47.
FOCHLUC : number of his stories, 45.
FOITLINE :

one of those by whom Eochaidh was killed, 69, 71.

was son of Dorn by an Albanach or stranger, 71.
FOMORACIIS : battles of Neimhidh with the, 47.

FOOD:

consequence of debtor not offering food to a person who is fasting on him, 117.

stay in case of fine for feeding a person's son, after notice not to do so, 1 63, 167.
FOOD-RENT :

distress on account of food-rent not supplied to chief, 217, 219.

distress from heirs, for food-rent due by them, 217, L'L'7.
FOOD- TRIBUTE :

withholding, 123, 127.

distress from a man collecting the food-tribute of a chief, 195, 199.
FOOL:

contract of, set aside, 53

distress for crime of a person's, 157, 163.

maintaining of a, 125, 137.

distress from a silly person, 201, 203.
FOREIGXERS :

entitled to their choice of a Brehon, to decide their cause, 7.

taking care of foreigners cast ashore, 129.

securing young foreigners, 142 n., 143.

distress for crime of foreigner who is with a person, 157, 163.
FORFEITURE :

of distress at a fixed rate per day, 103.

of persons arrested for their liabilities, 109, 113.

period of forfeiture of a distress on which the stay is two days, commences on
the ninth day, 147.

of a distress, 259," '273.

FORGIVENESS :

gospel doctrine of, reconciled witli the law of retaliation, in Dubhthach's poem,

9 et seq.

320

INDEX.

FORK : stay on distress for a, 123, 129.
FOKT:

stay on distress for erecting a, 123, 131, 215, 219.

,, share of food for victualling a, 125, 137

fine for quarrelling in a, 175, 177.

FOSTERAGE :

law of, promulgated in the Senchus, 41, 49. .

stay in case of fines in respect of, 169, IT.'i.

stay on distress for dues of joint, Kill, 1 ~~>.

distress from a houseless person in respect of, 215, 219.

distress for the fosterage-fee, 217, 219.

FRAICH : cattle-spoil of, 47.

FRATRICIDE : punishment for, 57.

FRAUD: to be guilty of, deprives of honor-price, 57, 59, 61.

FREE-TENANTS: law respecting, promulgated in the Senchus, 41, 49.

FRUIT: stay on distress for, 125.

FUAD MOUNTAIN, see SI.IAIJH FCAIDII.

FUGITIVE : distress on account of a, 247, 249.

FUIDHIR :

incapable of taking distress, 91.

subject to arrest instead of distress for his liabilities, 105, 107.

distress from chief for not assisting afuidhir against injustice, 125, 139.
FURNITURE :

of a church, stay on distress for, 123, 127.

of a house, 123, 129.

FURZE: fine for cutting another's, 167, 173.
' FUIRTHIU DAL' : hosting in a territory, 263, 283.

GALEOIN :

a principal race in F.rin, 71.

a name for the Leinster men, 70 n.

GAPS : fine for leaving gaps open, 233, 237.

GELFINE: 260 .

GENEALOGIES: profession of registering, continued to poets by Patrick, 45.

Gl.ENN-NA-JIBODHlM :

stone of Patrick there, 3.

Ilath-guthaird, where Senchus Mor written in winter and spring, situate in, ibi'd.
GOSPEL :

doctrine of forgiveness reconciled with the law of retaliation, 9 et teq.
preached by Saint Patrick, 15.

GRADE :

the septenary, pounds of, 96.

notice precedes distress in case of inferior grades, 113, 117.

notice and fasting in case of chieftain grades, 113, 117.
GREENS :

of septenary grade, bringing distress into, 97.

the green into which distress put should be fenced all round, 2C9, 303.
GRIDDLE :

stay on distress for a, 127, 143.

slice for a, ibid.

HAGGARD : stay on distress for share of a, 125, 141.
HALTER: stay on distress fora, 125, 139.
HANDIWORK: stay on distress fur wages of, 151-

INDEX. 321

HARLOT : distress on account of the son of a, 185, 191, 237, 239.
HARP-COMB : stay on distress for a, 127.
HATCHET :

stay on distress for a, 125, 141.

fine for improperly using another's, 167, 171.
HEIR:

distress from an, 185, 189.

distress for division between heirs, 215, 217.

distress from, on account of father's contracts, 217, 227.

distress by heir for share in an old bond vassal, 217, 227.

distress from, for food-rent due chief, ibid.

distress from heir of a dead man, 237.

HERB-GARDEX: stay in case of fine for damage to, 167, 171.
HERDCJG, in common, 127, 143.
HEREXACH : forfeits his rank in certain cases, 59.

HERO : stay in case of fine for carrying away the hero's morsel, 177, 181.
HIRED WOMAN : distress for crimes of a person's hired woman, 157, 161.
HONOR-PRICE :

poets deprived of, if they pronounced false judgments, 25.

kLigs and others deprived of, if unworthy or guilty of certain crimes, 55 et teg.

how recoverable, 59 et seq.

in right of age, 63.

chiefs and relatives, ibid.
,, a profession, ibid.
separable property, ibid.
^ is fourfold, 275.

HOPPER : of mill, why called Comla, 125, 141.
HOESE :

for a race, stay on distress for a, 123, 127.

fine for scaring a, 163, 165.

unlawful use of a, 167, 169.

stay on distress for a, 185, 191.

working a valuable, 231, 235.

HOST : attack of a host on the house an exemption from distress, 267, 299.
HOSTAGE :

in an interterritorial matter, 193.

distress from a hostage who violates his honor, 215, 219.

distress for 'eric'-fine due to a, 231, 233.
HOSTING :

of Ailell son of Blatach, 153, 157.

stay on distress for, 157, 159.

immediate distress for fine for failure in a, 231, 233.

in a territory, 263, 283.

HOUSE :

furniture of, stay on distress for, 123, 1 29.

with four doors and a stream of water through the middle of it for sick per-
sons, 131.

stay on distress for erecting a, 123, 131.

of a chief, the seven valuables of a, 135.

stealing from a house, fine for, 165.

stay in case of fine for certain injuries to a person's, 163, 167, 171.

attack of a host upon a, an exemption from distress, 267, 299.
HOUSELESS: distress from a houseless person in respect of fosterage, 215, 219.
HUNDREDS : of the Brewy, 41, 47.
HUNTER: cooking-tent of the, 203, 207.

Y

322 INDEX.

IAIN, daughter of Partliolan, 155.

IMARD ARRECHTA : a work by Connla, 27.

IMBAS FOR OSNA :

a sort of incantation, 24 n., 25.
how performed, 44 n., 45.
abolished by Patrick, 45.
IMMEDIATE DISTIL

manner in which an immediate distress is seized, 211-213.
what causes a distress to be immediate, 213, 215.
cases of immediate distress with a stay of one day, 215-231.
cases of immediate distress with a stay of three days, 231-237.
cases of immediate distress with a stay of five days, 237-241.
cases of immediate distress with a stay of ten days, 247-253.
IMPLEMENTS :

for weaving, 151-3.
spinning, ibid.
of needlework, ibid.
INBHER AILBHCJE:

situated at mouth of the Delvin, north of Howth, 70 n.

forfeited by the king of Temhair to Fergus for the killing of Eochaidh Bel-

bhuidhe, 69, 71.

again recovered, by means of a distress taken by Asal, by the Feini of Tem-
hair in time of Coirpri Gnathchon, 65, 69, 77.
INBHER BECE : an estuary near Bangor, 44 n.
INCANTATION, sorts of, 24 n., 25, 44 ., 45.

INCURABLE : distress for taking care of an incurable person, 227, 229.
INJURY :

by chief to tenant, or vice versa, stay on distress for, 157, 163.
to a chief, 231, 235.
person's son, 233, 235.
,, slave, ibid.
wife, ibid.
INSULTS: are among the offences upon the distress for the fine for which there is a

stay of three days, 163, 167.
INTERTERRITORIAL LAW :

kinsman of a hostage in an interterritorial matter, 193.
violating a king's, 231, 233.
IRON OEB : piercing a cliff for, 185, 189.

JESTER : distress for crime of a person's, 157, 163.

JOINTS: to which different classes entitled out of the Brewy's caldron, 48 ., 49.

JOURNEY: stay on distress from a man on a, 195, 197.

JUDGMENTS :

authors of, 19.

of previous authors explained to Saint Patrick, 25.

rocks by which supported, 31, 39.
JUDICATURE :

belonged to poets until the contention of the two sages, 19.

four laws recognised in, 261, 281.

KERRY, see CIARRAIGHE LDACHRA.
KERRYCURRIHY, see CIARRAIGHE CUIRCHE.
KILN:

stay in case of fine in respect of a, 163, 167.

distress for share of a, 217, 227.

INDEX. 323

Kiso:

laws for, established in the Senchns, 41, 43.

his 'dire'-fine, ibul.

to what joint entitled out of Brewy's caldron, 49.

loses his honor-price for pronouncing false sentence, 55.

affected with a blemish could not reign, 73.

tributary territories of certain kings, 83.

distress levied in, 83.

excels all lower than himself in testimony, "it, 83.

stay upon distress for his food-tribute if withheld, 123, 127.

failing to supply the feast of a, 231. L':;:;.

violating a king's interterritorial law, ibid.
KINSMAN :

of a debtor, distress from, 117.

stay on distress on account of kinsmen, 183-5, 197.

four nearest tribes bear a kinsman's criin.;*. 2(11. L'7."..

defaulter's nearest kinsman sued for his liability, 265, 287.

KNEADING- TROUGH, 149.

stay on distress for a, 123, 129.
KNIFE :

haft of, a fixed measure. 132 n., 133.
stay on distress for a, 125, 139.

LABOURER: contract of, without his chief, set aside, 51, 53,
LAEGHAIUE. KING :

son of Xiall, king of Erin, 3.

in his time the Senchus composed, 3.

one of the authors of the Senchus, 5. 17.

in fourth year of reign of, Saint Patrick came to Erin, 5.

orders one of Saint Patrick's people to be killed, to test the doctrine of forgive-
ness, 5.

overcome by Saint Patrick, 15.

suggests arrangement of the laws in conjunction with Saint Patrick, 15.

assisted in regulating the law of distress, 209.

LAEGHAIRE BUADHACH: one of the two engaged in the combat at Magh-inis, 253.
LAND:

stay in case of fine for injuring, 163, 165.

common tillage land, stay on distress for fencing of, 169, 175.

distress for division of the land of the tribe, 201, 203.
,, mountain land, ibid.

division of land of a sister's son, 203, 207.

bad contract respecting, 203, 207.
LAW:

arranged and settled by the chiefs and learned men of Erin in conjunction
with Saint Patrick, 15.

of the letter, addition from, preserved the Senchus, 31.

of nature, strength derived from, preserved the Senchus, 31, 39.

established in the Senchus, 41, 43, 49.

of fosterage promulgated in the Senchus, 41, 49.

of free tenants ditto, ibid.

of social relationship ditto,

fine for slighting the, 167, 173.

four laws recognised in judicature, 261, 281.

four things perfect law, 261, 283.
LAW-AGENT, see ADVOCATE :

rules relating to the employment of, 295-297.
LEARNING : testimony of orders of, equal to that of king, 79, 85.
LEGITIMACY : stay in cnsp of fine for wrongfully questioning a person's, 185 193

Y2

324 INDEX.

LEINSTERMEN, see GALEOIX.

LENT : stay on distress from a man observing the, 195, 197.

LIACHTREOIB : a lecturer, but sometimes an ecclesiastical judge, 198 n., 199.

LOAD:

distress for a, 215, 219.

,, improperly parted with, 247, 249.

LOCH RUDHRAIDHE : now Bay of Dundrum, co. Down, 64 n.
LOCK : for securing things from across the sea, 127, 143.
LOOKERS-ON: four, recognised by the Feini, 241-247.
LOOKING-GLASS, see MIRROR.
Loss: of things given in charge, 185, 189.
LUARCAN, see FAIRIES.

LUCHTULXE SAOR : his judgments explained to Saint Patrick, 25.
LUGHAIDH BALL : performs Teinm Laegha, 44 n.
LUNATIC :

incapable of taking distress, 91.

maintaining a madwoman, 125, 137.

fine for neglecting to maintain a madwoman, 137.

magical wisp, cause of lunacy, 143.

stay on distress for liability of a, 195.

being engaged in securing a madman, an exemption from distress, 269, 801.
LYING : to be guilty of, deprives of honor-price, 57.

MAC-FUIRMIDH : number of his stories, 45.
MADMAN, see LUNATIC.
MADWOMAN, see also LUNATIC.

contract of, set aside, 53.

MAGH DEISITIN, or DESTIN : in Uladh, fort of Brigh Bruighaidh, 147, 155.
MAGH-INIS : combat at, 251, 253.
MAGH ITHE : battle of, 47.
MAGH TUIRB : two battles of, .47.
MAGICAL WISP, see also LUNATIC :

causing madness, 143.
MAINTENANCE :

of a wounded person, 123, 131.

of a madwoman, 125, 137.

of a fool, ibid.

of children, ibid.

of parents, ibid.

of a family senior, 139.

of an old man, 159.
MANACH, see also MONK :

a tenant of ecclesiastical lands, 52 n., 53.
MARRIAGE GIFTS, 154 n.

first battle fought about, 151, 155.
MATERIALS : stay in case of unfinished, 185, 193.
MEASURE : taking away of, from a chief, 123, 129.
MEETING:

at Uisnech, 37, 81.

stay on distress in case of a territorial, 193.
MEETING-HIH, :

fine for injuring a, 167, 171.

disturbing a, 175, 177.

INDEX. 325

MEDHBH : courtship of, 47.

MEDICINE : preparing medicine for the sick, an exemption from distress, 269, 301.

MEMORY: of two seniors preserved the Senchus, 31, 37.

MESSENGER, ride 161 ra., see also RUNNER :

distress for the crimes of a person's, 157, 161.
MIDHBHA BRETHA : an ancient Irish work, 27.
MIDWIFE: having gone to seek a midwife for a woman in labour, an exemption

from distress, 269, 301.
MILIDH'S SONS. 5.

their fleet came to Germany, 21.

battle of Tailltin by, 47.
MILKING- YARD : stranger not possessing, disqualified from taking distress unless

accompanied by a native, 87.
MILL:

the eight parts of the, 125, 141.

stay in case of fine in respect of a, 163, 167.
MILLSTONE : manufacture of a, 185, 189.
MlXE :

stay on fine in case of injury to a silver or other mine, 167, 171.

,, ,, mines of copper and iron, 185, 189.

MIRROR : stay on distress for a, 125, 139, 151, 153, 235.
MOEXACH MAC NINE: his judgments explained to Saint Patrick, 25.
MOGH :

steward-bailiff of Coirpri Gnathchoir, 65.

first distress in Erin seized from, 65, 67.
MONK, see ofe> MANACH :

contract of, without his abbot, set aside, 51, 53.
MORASS: fixed the rate of forfeiture of distress, 103.
MORANN MAC MAIN :

an author of judgments, 19, 23.

used to pass judgment with a chain round his neck, 25.
MOUNTAIN PASTURE : going to, in Spring, 133.
MUENA :

King Fergus's charioteer, 71.

tells the wise men of Ulster, at Emhain Macha, of King Fergus's blemish, 73.
MUIRDRIS :

a sea monster, the cause of King Fergus's blemish, 73.

is killed by King Fergus, 75.
MURDER :

secret, 57.

stay in case of fine for, 175, 177.

oath of secret, 185, 189.

' eric'-fine for secret, ibid.

distress for proof of secret, 237, 239.
Music : requisites for, stay on distress for, 123, 127.
MUTILATING : stay in case of fine for, 175, 177.

NATURE : strength from law of, preserved the Senchus, 31, 39.

NEEDLEWORK : stay on distress for the several implements of, 151-3.

NECHTAE* : demolition of house of, 47.

NEIDHE : one of the two sages that contended for the sage's gown, 19, 25.

NEIGHBOURHOOD: four pledges given in right of, 261, 275.

NEIMHIDH : battles of, 47.

NEIMIDH : ' Fid neimidh', sacred wood, 164, 165.

NEL: married Scota, daughter of Pharaoh, 21.

326

INDEX.

XEP.IDH MAC FINNCHUILL : a celebrated author, 23.
N KT :

the common net of the tribe, 123, 131.

stay in case of restitution and fine in respect of a, 183.
NIALL : father of King Laeghaire, 3, 5.
NIAMII : daughter of Cealtair, 253.
NICKSAME: stay in case of fines for a, 185, 193, 237.
XITH : why so called, 3.
NITII NEMONN ACI i :

why so called. :',.

P.ath-guthaird, where Senchus Mor written during winter and spring, near
tu, ibid.

Nons: a name of the Senchus Mor, 17.
NOTICE :

of distress, 105, 263, 265, 285, 287, 301, 303.

negligence respecting, 105.

by the track of the cattle, 105, 269, 289, 303.

precedes taking of distress, 113, 117, 265, 285.

length of, in certain cases, 117, 121-3, 147, 149.

disregarding a, 231, 235.

four periods of, 263, 283.

four divisions of, iliiil.

not served on a wanderer, 265, 285.

of ten days served on tribe of debtor, 265, 287.

by the third word. 209, 289, 303.

having gone to give notice to a person in necessity, an exemption from distress,

269, 299.
NUADA DEKG, 5.

kills Odhran, Saint Patrick's charioteer, by King Laeghaire's direction, to test

Saint Patrick's doctrine of forgiveness, 7.
is adjudged to heaven, thus reconciling the apparently conflicting principles of

retaliation and forgiveness, 13, 15.
NUADHAT : father of Mogh, 65, 67.

OATH:

of a woman in childbirth, 177, 181.

of secret murder, 185, 189.

in case of distress from a man on a journey ; oath of one witness sufficient to
prove that he went on the journey, 1115, 197.

distress for an oatli which the country does not confirm, 233, 235.
OIIHKAX : Patrick's charioteer, killed by Nuada Derg, 7.
OFFENCES, see also CRIME :

persons guilty of certain offences deprived of honor-price, 55, 63.

certain offences enumerated, in cnsc of which the stay on the distress for the
fine for them is three days, 163, 183.

four things to be considered in estimating, 263, 283.
< >i i --USING : distress from a person making an, to a church, 195, 199.
O l; -AiKE : to what food-tribute entitled, 59, 61.
OLD MAS : maintenance of an, 1 ."!.
OLLAIRE: number of his stories, 47.
OLLAMH : pound of the, 293.
OLLAMH-POET :

extemporaneous composition by, 43.

number of his stories, 45.
Ox:

for ploughing, stay on distress for, 123, 127.

untraincj oxen, 185, 191.

INDEX. 327

PARENTS : maintaining of, 125. 130.
PAKTHOLAX :

battle of Magh Ithe by, 47.
mortality upon people of, 51.

first battle fought about the marriage gifts of Parthalon's two daughters, 155.
PASTURE, see MOUNTAIN PASTURE.
PATRICK, Bishop, and afterward* Saint :
stone of, in Glenn-na-mbodhur, 3.
cup of poison given him by one of the Druids, 3.
one of the authors of the Senchus, 5, 17.
when he came to Erin, 5.
his charioteer. Odhran, killed, 7.
obtains his choice of the Brehons in Erin, to give judgment concerning the

death of Odhran. 7.

holds a conference with the men of Erin, 15.
preaches the (io-pel. !.">.

overcomes Kins I-aeghaire and his Druids, 15.
number of companions who came with him, 19.
judgments of ancient Irish authors explained to him, 25.
Ferghus and Dubhthach recite to him what their predecessors had sung, 25.
Senchus completed at the end of nine years from his arrival in Erin, 35.

-'>\ in writing the Senehus in a chalk-book, 35.
abolished profane rites of the poets. -15.

regulated the profession, privileges, and duties of the poets, 45.
a-.-i>ted in regulating the law of distress, 209.
PATTERN : leather pattern for needlework, 153.
PET-ANIMALS, see ANIMALS.
PHARAOH :

requests Fenius and his school to come to him, 21.
his daughter, Scota, marries Nel, son of Fenius, 21.
PHYSICIAN :

providing one for a wounded person, 123, 131.

notice by, 131.

having gone for a physician for a sick person, an exemption from distress, 267,

299.
PIG:

stay on distress for a, 123, 127.

fine for stealing a, 167, 171.
PILGRIMAGE : having gone to detain one of the family of a person who has gone

on a pilgrimage, an exemption from distress, ->>7, 299.
FcfGixx: a measure of value, 247.
PITCHER : stay on distress for a, 125, 135.
PLAGUE :

period of. one of those at which the world loses its goodness, 51.
Buidhe Connaill, 50n., 51.
upon people of Partholan, 51.
how preventible, 51, 53.
PLAIDS, for a wounded person, 131.
PLEDGE:

to be given by debtor to a person fasting upon him, 1 15 ; or a surety, 119.
four pledges given by each person to his four neighbours in right of neigh-
bourhood, 2C1. L'7.-..
four divisions of pledges, 261, 277.
being engaged in procuring a pledge against injustice, an exemption from

distress, 269, 301.
' smacht'-pledge, 277.
rules respecting pledges, 277-281.

328 INDEX.

PLOUGHMAN : distress from a, 189, 201.
POEM:

author of the, 5.

cause of its having been composed, 5.

attempts to reconcile the principle of retaliation of the Irish Law with the

Gospel principle of forgiveness, 9 et leq.
POETRY:

thread of, put around the Senchus by Dubhthach, 23.

materials of the Senchus handed down in, before Saint Patrick's time, 39.

artistic rules of, left with poets by Saint Patrick, 45.
POETS :

exercised exclusive judicature in Erin, until the contention of the two sages,

iy.

lost their honor-price, and deprived of their profession if they pronounced false

judgment, 25.
some of the, mentioned, 25.
composition of, preserved the Senchus, 31, 39.
of Fail, 33.

' dire'-fine of chief poet fixed by Senchus, 41, 43.
the Ollamh, 43.

songs of, admitted as evidence of title, 46 n.
practised incantation before Saint Patrick's time, 45.
classes of, 45.

profession, privileges, and duties of the, regulated by Patrick, 45.
stories of the, 45, 47.
lose honor-price for demanding an exorbitant reward for their composition," 55,

t>y.

,, for unlawful satire, 59.

their offences punished more severely than those of others, 59, 63.

distress for right of a poet crossing a territory, 185, 191, 237, 239.
POISON :

cup of, given to Saint Patrick, 3.

words pronounced over, 3.

POOR: laws for, established in the Senchus, 41, 43.
PORT:

watching of the, 129.

owner of, takes care of parties from the sea, 129.
POUND :

those of the septenary grade, 96n,, 293.

delay in pound of a distress on which the stay is two days, is four days 147

delay in pound of a distress, 259, 273.

law of the, 269, 303.

PRESCRIPTION : stay upon distress in case of, 79, 83, 193.
PRIVILEGE : stay in case of fine for violating a person's, 163, 165.
PROTECTION : fine for taking distress from a place of, 99.
PROVINCES : by whom Erin divided into, 81.
PRUNING-KNIFE : of widow's house, 125, Ml.
PURSUIT : having gone in pursuit of cattle, an exemption from distress, 267 299.

QUARRELLING : distress for fine for quarrelling in an ale-house, 231, 235.
QUEEN : to what part entitled out of the Brewy's caldron, 49.

RACBOLL BRETHA : an ancient Irish Law treatise, 155.
RAIMENT :

for festival day, stay on distress for, 123, 127.

exchanging one's raiment a proof in distress, 269, 301.

INDEX.

329

RAITHLENN : now island of Rathlin, north of county of Antrim, 82 n.
RATH-OUTHAIRD:

the Senchus composed there in winter and in spring, 3.

why so called, 3.

RAM : stay on distress for a, 127, 145.
REAPERS : failing to supply reapers to a chief, 157, 163.
RECHOL M-BRETH : an ancient Irish work, 27.
REGAMUIN : cattle spoil of, 47.
REINS : stay on distress for, 125, 137.
RELATIONSHIP :

law of, promulgated in the Senchus, 41, 49.

stay on distress for dues of lawful, 169, 175.
RELATIVES: distress for crimes of near, 157, 161.
RELIGIOUS ORDERS : testimony of, equal to that of king, 79, 85.
REMOVING: distress for removing a child after its mother's death, 227, 229.

RENT:

stay on distress for, 157, 159.

accruing due after death of a chief, 187.

immediate distress for, 231, 233.

keeping up a sick person's rent, ibid.
RESTITUTION : fourfold division of, 273.
RETALIATION : Irish law of, reconciled with the Gospel doctrine of forgiveness, 9

et seq.

RINGS : distress for, 203.
RIVERS : stay in case of restitution and fine in matters relating to, 183.

ROADS :

cleansing of, 123, 129, 159.

stay on distress in respect of, 157, 159, 231, 233.
ROOKS : three, by which judgments of world are supported, 31, 39.
ROPE : for carts and loads, 125, 141.
ROSSA MAC-TRECHIM :

one of authors of the Senchus, 5, 17.

a doctor of the Berla Feini, 39.

assisted in regulating the law of distress, 209.
RUNNER, of a territory, 185, 191.
RUSHES: fine for cutting another's, 167, 173.

SADHBH: courtship of, 47.

SAGES : contention of, at Emhain Macha, 19.

SALT, of house of Brewy, 127, 143.

SATIRE: stay in the case of fine for satire of unascertained kind, 185, 191, 237,

239.
SATIRIZING :

punishment for, 59.

stay in case of fine for, 175, 177.

satirizing a dead person, 185, 189.

honor price for satirizing, 231, 233.

a dead man, 237, 239.

SCABEL : see CALDKON.
SCARING : stay in case of fine for, 175, 179.
SCISSORS : a fixed measure, 132 n, 133.
SCOTA : married Nel, son of Fenius, 21.
SCOTI: whence so called, 21.

330 INDEX.

SCKEPAU, : a measure of value, 247.

SEA :

proceeding to be observed in case of shipwreck, or things cast ashore 129
stay in ease of restitution and fine in matters relating to the 183
distress for things seen on the, 201, 203.

SEA-SIARSH: fine for injuring the crop of a, 167, 171.

SEANCHALDHE : having to seek a, extends stay of distress, 81.

SKISCINXE: mother of Sadhbh, 47.

SEIZURE ^avmg gone to seize cattle or a prisoner, an exemption from distress,

SENCHA MAC AILELLA :
a celebrated author, 23.

blotches appeared on his cheeks whenever he pronounced a false iudz-

ment, 25. J

fixed the stay on distress in case of women at two davs 127 145
husband of Briughaidh, 155.
sometimes called Sencha Mac Culclain, vide 151.
a judge among the Ulstermen, 151, 155.
SENCIIUS :

composed at Teamhair in summer and autumn, 3.

at Rath-guthaird in winter and spring, 3.
time at which composed, 3.
authors of the, 5.

cause of its having been composed, 5.
called also Nofis, 1 7.

also Cain Patraic, 19.

authors whose works are incorporated in the, 23, 25.
was turned into poetry by Dubhthach Mac ua Luguir 25.
Sen Mac Aige lirst author in, 23.
how preserved, 31, 39.
why called, of the men of Erin, 35.

completed at end of nine years afte arrival of Patrick in Erin 35.
written in a chalk-book, 35.

materials of, handed down in poetry before Patrick's time 39
laws established in, 41, 43, 49.
' dire'-fine of each, fixed by, ibid.
Cain Bescna, the fifth book of, 49.
verbal contracts made binding bv, 41 49
Bee, 4n.

Si'.MORs : memory of, preserved the Senchus, 31, 37.
SEN MAC Ana-: :

an author of laws, 23.

his works incorporated with the Senchus, 23, 25.

blotches appeared on his cheeks whenever he pronounced a false judg-

his work the foundation of the Senchus, 25.

pronounced first decision respecting distress at a territorial meeting at Uisneeh
79, ol.

adjudged the restoration of Inbher Ailbhine to the Feini, ibid.

levying of distress to be made by his race for ever, ibid. '

was a Connaughtman, ibid.

four periods of giving notice of distress, according to law, among the ancient*

from the period of, 283.
SEPTENARY-GRADE :

bringing distress into the green of one of the, 97.

pounds of the, 96 re., 293.
SERVICES, of attack and defence, 157, 160 n, 161.

INDEX.

331

SHAVING: stay on tli.-tress for price of, 125, 133.

SHEEP: 123, 12T, 149.

stay on fine in case of stealing, 167, 171.

SHEPHERD: subject to arrest instead of distress for his liabilities, 105, 107
SHIPWBECK : see SEA.
SHOES: a person changing the wisp of his shoes, a proof in distress, 269, 301.

SICK:

distress for taking care of an incurable sick person, 227, 229.

keeping up a sick person's rent, 231, 233.
preparing medicine for the sick, an exemption from distress, 269, 301.

SICK PERSON :

things to be provided for a, 123, 131.

house for a, 131.

plaids and bolsters for a, 131.

stay on distress from a, 193, 195.
SIEVE, 149.

stay on distress for a, 123, 129.
SILVER- MINE: tee MINE.
SIXKCH : a name of the Muirdris, 05, 68 n., 69.

SLANDER :

siay in case of fine for, 175, 1 77.

distress for having circulated a calumnious story, 195, 199.
SLAXK : Fcrta-feig ancient name of, 64 re.
SLAVE : injury to a person's, 233, 235.

SLIABH FUAID :

now Fuad mountain, in county Armagh, 68 .

Eochaidh Belbhuidhe killed there, 69, 71.
' SMACHT '-FIXE : stay on distress for, 171 et seq.
SOCIAL RELATIONSHIP : law of, promulgated in the Senchus, 41, 49.

SON:

contract of, without father, if alive, set aside, 53.

stay in case of fine for feeding a person's son after notice not to do so, 163, 167.

of a stranger, liability on account of the, 185, 191.

injury to a person's, 233, 235.
SORCEBEF.S : marrow taken out of bones by, 203.
SPINNING : stay on distress for the several implements of, 151, 153.

STAKES :

stay in case of fine for injury caused by, 163, 165.

fine for injuries caused by, 233, 237.
STALLION: stay on distress for, 127, 145.

STAY:

upon distresses fixed by the learned men at the meeting at Uisnech, 79, 81.
things in case of which the stay on the distress is one day enumerated,

123-127.

of two days on distress in case of women's property fixed by Sencha, 127, 145.
,, i) also by

Brigh Briughaidh, 145, 147, 151, 155.

things in case of which stay on digress is two days enumerated, 147-155.
of three, and five, and ten days e-tulili-hcd by Coirpri Gnathchoir, 151, 157.
things in case of which stay on distress is three days enumerated, 157-181.
offences in ca>e <if which the stay on the distress for the fines for them,

enumerated, 163-1S3.

things in case of which the stay on the distress is five days enumerated, 183-193.
things in case of which the stay on the distress is ten days enumerated,

193-207.

332 INDEX.

STAY continued.

manner in which a distress with stay is seized, 209-211.

consideration affecting the length of the, 263, 283.

why a stay of five days the most usual, 251-253.

stays were ordained for distresses, 263, 285.
STOCK :

distress by a chief who has supplied stock to a tenant, 215, 219.

fine in respect of stock supplied to a tenant, 231, 233.
STORY-TELLING: profession of, continued to the poets by Saint Patrick, 45
STORIES :

copies of, extant, 46 n.

of the poets, 45, 47.
STRANGERS :

entitled to their choice of a Brehon to decide their cause, 7.

to be accompanied by a native in certain cases when taking distress, 87, 91.

liability on account of, 185, 191.

STREAM : fine for unlawfully damming a, 203, 205.
STRIPPING :

stay on fine in case of stripping the dead, 175, 177.

,1 the slain in battle, ibid.

SUBSTITUTE : for a wounded person while ill, 131.
Sui: a man of eminence in any particular department of learning, 86 n.
SUIT: distress for false suit against a son respecting land, 237.
SUITOR :

death of, 185, 187.

distress for a suitor evading the law, 215, 217.

SUPPORT : persons without means of, incapable of taking distress, 91.
SURETY :

person incapable of becoming a surety not to take distress, 87.

to be offered to a creditor fasting on his debtor, 119.

distress from a, 215-219.

TAILLTIN: battle of, 47.

' TAIRGILLE' : is fourfold, 275.

TAMAN : number of stories of, 47.

TARTAN : for covering animals, 185, 189, 239.

TEAMHAIR, now TARA :

Senchus composed there in summer and autumn, 3.

became inclined during an earthquake, 6 n., 7.

TEINM LAODHU, or LAEGHA :

a sort of incantation, 24 re., 25, 45.
Finn Mac Cumhaill performed, 44 n.
abolished by Patrick, 45.

TENANTS :

free and base, law respecting, promulgated in the Senchus, 41, 49.

distress for injury by chief to tenant, and vice versd, 157, 163.
TENDING, a distress, 259, 273.
TERRITORY:

tributary territories of certain kings, 83.

fine for suffering things to be carried off over the border of a, 185, 189.

TEST : of caldron, 195, 199.

TESTIMONY :

king excels all lower than himself in, 79, 83.

of orders of religion and learning equal to that of king, 79, 85.

INDEX. 333

THEFT:

to be guilty of, deprives of full honor-price, 57.
from out of a house, 167, 171.
of pigs, sheep, 167, 171.

THEODOSIUS :

was Emperor at the time the Senchus was composed, 3.

in the niuth year of his reign Saint Patrick came to Erin, 5.

THKACE:

Cai abode in, 21.

thirty-six champions of, landed by the Gaedhil in the country of the Cruith-

nigh, 21.
TTBRAIDI : one of those by whom Eoehaidh was killed, 69, 71.

TILLAGE :

in common, 127, 143.

stay on distress for fencing of common tillage land, 169, 175.

TITLE : songs of poets admitted to prove, 46 n.

Tm-BA, given to King Fergus as a mulct by Conn Cedcorach, 65, 67.

TOILET : withholding toilet requisites from a person, 233, 235.

TOMB : distress for not erecting tomb of chief, 185, 187.

TOYS : of children, 139.

TRADITION : Senchus preserved by, 31, 37.

TREACHERY : to be guilty of, deprives of full honor-price, 57.

TREE:

fine for stripping the bark off a, 185, 189.

the appropriated forest, 203, 207.

TRENCHING : of land by a person, legal evidence of his title, 46 n., 47.
TRESPASS : by animals, 157, 161.

TRIBE:

distress for division of the land of the, 201, 203.

four nearest tribes bear a kinsman's crimes, 261, 275.

notice served on tribe of debtor, 265, 287.

each member of a tribe liable for an absconding debtor of the, 265, 287.

TUATHAL : father of Fithir and Dairinn, 47.

TUILEN:

now Dulane, near Kells, 35.

Saint Cairnech buried there, 35.
TULBRETHA : a work by Fachtna, 27.

TURF:

stay on distress for cutting, 123, 133.
carrying, ibid.

fine for injuring, 167, 173.

TYTHES : effect of payment of, 51, 53.

UISOTCH:

meeting at, 37.

in Meath, 81.

Sen Mac Aige pronounces first decision respecting distress at a meeting at, 81.

ULAIDH : one of principal races of Erin, 71.

ULSTF.IUIEN : submitted to adjudication of Sencha Mac Culclain, 151, 155.

UBCHAELAS : food given to a prisoner, 107.

334

INDEX.

' UKKADHUS '-LAW, 87, 89, 97, 167, 173.

four ' Urradhus'-laws recognised, 2G1, 275.

four securities by which enforced, ibid.
USE: fine for, 169.

VAGRANT :

subject to arrest instead of distress for his liabilities, 105 107
removing of a, 123, 129.

VALUABLES : of a chiefs house, 125, 135.
VASSAL :

laws for, established in the Senchus, 41, 43.

distress for share in an old bond vassal, 217, 227.
VERBAL CONTRACTS, see CONTRACTS.
VESSELS :

not stationary, stay on distress for, 125, 135.

stay in case of fine for improper use of another's, 167, 171.
VIOLATE :

stay hi case of fine for attempting to violate a person's wife, 1C3, 167.

11 violating women, 177, 181.

VIRGIN : stay on distress for honor-price of a, 125, 133.

WAGES: to which persons entitled, stay on distress for, 125, 133, 15] 153.

WALLING of land by a person, legal evidence of his title, 46 re. 47.

WAND : upon which light placed, 143.

WANDERER : no notice of distress served upon, 265, 285.

WAR:

general, period of, one of those at which world loses its goodness, 51.

how prevented, 51, 53.

WEALTHY : laws for the, promulgated in the Senchus, 41, 43.

WEAPONS : stay on distress for, 123, 127.

WEAVING : stay on distress for the several implements of, 151, 153.

WEIR, see also FISHING WEIR: stay in case of fine for injury in respect of a, 163

J-Oi>.

WHALE : stay on distress for distribution of bones of a, 125, 135.
WIFE:

stay in case of fine for attempting to violate or forcing a person's 163 167

distress for maintenance of a, 231, 233.

injury to a person's, 233, 235.

WILL: testamentary direction respecting a person's burial place, 203, 205.
WINDS :

formation of the, 27.

colours of the, 27.
WINTER RESIDENCE:

removing in May from winter residence to mountain pastures, 125 133 139

returning to, at Allhallow-tide, ibid.
WITNESS :

distress from a, 215, 219.

witnesses of a distress, 267, 293.

to prove exemptions, 301.
WOMAN :

contract of, set aside if she be mad, 53.

* if made without her husband, 53.

can make five contracts independently of her husband, 63.

INDEX. 335

W OMAN continued.

distress by women, 81, 83, 121.

distress from women, 121.

stay on distress which guardians of women unfit to take care of children
take for removing children from them. 125, 141, 143.

stay on distress in case of women fixeil at two days, 127, 145, 147, 149, 151,
153, 155.

evil word of one woman against another, 147, 149.

possession, takinir, liy, 149.

process in suits by, 149.

stay on distress in case of things belonging to women, 151, 155.

stay in case of fine for neglecting the longing of a pregnant woman, 175, 181.

oath of a woman in childbirth, 177, 181.

violating women, ibid.
WOOD:

stay on distress for, 125, 135.

fine for cutting, 163, 165.

sacred wood (Fid ni'imidh). Hi.">.

stay in case of restitution and fine in matters relating to, 183.
WOOD AXE : fine for improperly using another's, 1G7, 171.
WOBTHLSESS, of a kinsman necessary to enable him to sue in certain cases,

267, 289.
WRITTEN-LA\V: head of the, his ' dire '-fine fixed by the Senchus, 41, 43.

ZODIAC: signs of the, 31.

ZOXES : five, formed in firmament, 29.

DUBLIN : PRINTED BY ALEXANDER THOM, 87 & 88, ABBEY-STREET,

FOB HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE.

'

tyl, ' '^

- f'-

,3^

llli

,M ity. n

W 2.3

liuA i

7,1 I

**

^tt lit It'

v

'WWX ( '-/fxjtl^'' '

^jjc.

:/ ,, r -

?

'

hi 4nu<M' ^ tJttjvdj Hl